FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Davis, CG Dyck, J AF Davis, Christopher G. Dyck, John TI Shocks to a Trading System: Northeast Asia Poultry Trade and Avian Influenza SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE chicken meat trade; Rotterdam model; avian influenza AB Japan and South Korea, net importers of chicken meat, experienced high-pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in their domestic broiler populations and faced HPAI outbreaks in some of their principal suppliers in the last two decades. Both countries banned imports of frozen chicken meat from China and Thailand, beginning in 2004. Japanese data show that there was a structural break in import behavior at that time. Rotterdam models are estimated for Japan before and after the break and for Korea from 2005-2013. Results show that China and Thailand competed mostly with each other in the latter period, dividing up the cooked meat trade with few substitution effects evident with other suppliers. Brazil's exports dominate Japan's frozen chicken imports. Imports of both Korea and Japan have been rising. Imports from Brazil and China show the most elastic response to increased import expenditure, suggesting that the share of both countries in East Asian imports could grow in the future. C1 [Davis, Christopher G.; Dyck, John] USDA, Markets & Trade Econ Div, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Davis, CG (reprint author), USDA, Markets & Trade Econ Div, Econ Res Serv, 355 E St, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM chrisdavis@ers.usda.gov; jdyck@ers.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2015 VL 18 IS A SI SI BP 99 EP 114 PG 16 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA CO4HE UT WOS:000359121000008 ER PT J AU Gale, F Arnade, C AF Gale, Fred Arnade, Carlos TI Effects of Rising Feed and Labor Costs on China's Chicken Price SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE poultry; chicken; feed; price; import; export; production costs ID OLIGOPOLY POWER AB China's poultry production and consumption are growing rapidly, but rising input costs could slow its development. Increases in corn and soybean prices and wages are partially transmitted to rising retail chicken prices in China. Corn and soybean meal appear to be substitutes, and corn prices have a stronger impact on chicken prices than does the price of soybean meal. Modest technical change impacts partly offset the effect of rising input prices. Rising grain prices and wages, reinforced by Chinese currency appreciation, are eroding the international competitiveness of the Chinese poultry industry. C1 [Gale, Fred; Arnade, Carlos] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Gale, F (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Stop 1800, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM fgale@ers.usda.gov; carnade@ers.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2015 VL 18 IS A SI SI BP 137 EP 149 PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA CO4HE UT WOS:000359121000010 ER PT J AU Taha, FA Hahn, WF AF Taha, Fawzi A. Hahn, William F. TI Factors Driving South African Poultry and Meat Imports SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE import demand system; taste-technology; scale; and price; South Africa; poultry; beef; pork; sheep & goat ID DEMAND; BEEF; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Import demand for poultry has made it South Africa's fastest growing meat product, while demand for beef, sheep, and goat meat is generally declining. Poultry was found to be a statistically significant substitute for pork and other meat (sheep, goat, and offal), but insignificant with respect to beef. Pork tends to be complementary to beef, though statistically insignificant. The article investigates which of three crucial factors are most affecting South Africa meat imports: (1) changes in consumer tastes and/or meat processing technology, (2) prices, or (3) scales indicating the total size of the imported meat market. Major findings showed that changes in taste-technology had a greater impact on increasing poultry and pork imports than changes in prices, even though poultry prices tended to increase less than the prices of beef, pork, and other meats, making it a better bargain. C1 [Taha, Fawzi A.] USDA, Food Secur & Dev Branch, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Hahn, William F.] USDA, Anim Prod & Cost Prod, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Taha, FA (reprint author), USDA, Food Secur & Dev Branch, Econ Res Serv, 355 E St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM faha@ers.usda.gov; whahn@ers.usda.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2015 VL 18 IS A SI SI BP 165 EP 182 PG 18 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA CO4HE UT WOS:000359121000012 ER PT J AU Taha, FA Hahn, WF AF Taha, Fawzi A. Hahn, William F. TI HPAI Impact on EU-27's Import Demand for Cooked and Uncooked Poultry and Other Meats SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE CBS model; Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI); meat import demand system; cooked poultry; uncooked poultry; structural change; EU27 ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; SYSTEM; BSE; CONSUMER; PRICE; FISH AB The article applied a Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) differential model to evaluate the impact of HPAI (H5N1) virus outbreaks on EU-27's import demand for five meat products: cooked poultry, uncooked poultry, beef, pork, and other meats. One novel feature of this work is the division of poultry into two distinct import products-cooked (safe) and uncooked (less safe). Analysis shows that HPAI (H5N1) outbreaks had statistically significant impacts on EU27 import demand for meats, increasing cooked poultry and decreasing uncooked poultry, beef, pork, and other meats. The shift in import demand regime was permanent and statistically significant, making cooked poultry imports EU27's largest, averaging more than 50 percent of EU imports in 2013 and 2014. C1 [Taha, Fawzi A.] USDA, Food Secur & Dev Branch, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Hahn, William F.] USDA, Anim Prod & Cost Prod, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Taha, FA (reprint author), USDA, Food Secur & Dev Branch, Econ Res Serv, 355 E St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM ftaha@ers.usda.gov; whahn@ers.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2015 VL 18 IS A SI SI BP 223 EP 243 PG 21 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA CO4HE UT WOS:000359121000015 ER PT J AU Walters, LM Harvey, D Jones, KG AF Walters, Lurleen M. Harvey, David Jones, Keithly G. TI To Have or Not to Have the Common External Tariff: The CARICOM Countries Conundrum SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Caribbean Community (CARICOM); Central Bureau Statistics demand system; poultry import demand; price elasticity; Common External Tariff (CET) ID DEMAND AB This study utilizes a source-based demand systems model to estimate demand for imported poultry products in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and to evaluate the impact that modifications of the Common External Tariff (CET) would have on the demand for poultry products from the United States, Brazil, Canada and the European Union. Own price elasticities suggest that CARICOM's poultry import demand is highly price responsive in both the short run and the long run, and that any significant increases in imported poultry prices could be expected to trigger greater than proportional decreases in quantities demanded from all source countries except Brazil. Results also suggest that if the CET were removed, all source countries would be able to expand poultry product exports into CARICOM. Canada is the only country that would decrease exports to CARICOM in the long run if the CET were removed. Poultry exports to the region from most source countries would contract with a doubling of the CET to 80%, in both the short run and the long run. C1 [Walters, Lurleen M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Harvey, David; Jones, Keithly G.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Walters, LM (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, POB 5187,Campus Mail Stop 9755, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM lurleen.walters@msstate.edu; djharvey@ers.usda.gov; kjones@ers.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2015 VL 18 IS A SI SI BP 245 EP 261 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA CO4HE UT WOS:000359121000016 ER PT J AU Valdes, C Hallahan, C Harvey, D AF Valdes, Constanza Hallahan, Charlie Harvey, David TI Brazil's Broiler Industry: Increasing Efficiency and Trade SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Brazil; broilers; production; technical efficiency; trade ID STATES AB Brazil's broiler industry growth over the past fifteen years has led the country to become one of the world's leaders in the industry. Between 1999 and 2014 Brazil's broiler production increased from 5.5 million tons to 12.7 million tons, or 130 percent, propelling the country to become the world's third largest producer after the United States and China. Exports have increased fivefold since 1999 with Brazil, in recent years, overtaking the United States as the world's largest chicken meat exporter. The very rapid and successful vertical integration in the poultry industry in Brazil has led to productivity growth, efficiency gains from vertical coordination, and lower production costs. We examine the costs, returns, and profitability of commercial broiler production in Brazil taking into account the country's regional diversity in production, the size of operations, and the type of technology used. C1 [Valdes, Constanza] Econ Res Serv, Int Demand & Trade Branch, Market & Trade Econ Div, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Hallahan, Charlie] Econ Res Serv, Res Support Branch, Informat Serv Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Harvey, David] Econ Res Serv, Anim Prod & COP Branch, Market & Trade Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Valdes, C (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, Int Demand & Trade Branch, Market & Trade Econ Div, 355 E St SW,Room 5-267A, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM cvaldes@ers.usda.gov; hallahan@ers.usda.gov; djharvey@ers.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2015 VL 18 IS A SI SI BP 263 EP 275 PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA CO4HE UT WOS:000359121000017 ER PT J AU Stanley, D Zhang, L Kim, Y AF Stanley, D. Zhang, L. Kim, Y. TI Insect anti-viral immunity: roles of prostaglandins and other eicosanoids SO ISJ-INVERTEBRATE SURVIVAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID PLASMATOCYTE-SPREADING PEPTIDE; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA; BEET ARMYWORM; HEMOCYTE PHAGOCYTOSIS; VIRAL-INFECTION; BIOSYNTHESIS; NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; PROTECTION; RECEPTORS C1 [Stanley, D.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Zhang, L.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pest, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Kim, Y.] Andong Natl Univ, Dept Bioresource Sci, Andong, South Korea. RP Stanley, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, 1503 South Providence Rd, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM stanleyd@missouri.edu NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU INVERTEBRATE SURVIVAL JOURNAL PI MODENA PA C/O ENZO OTTAVIANI UNIV MODENA & REGGIO EMILIA, DEPT BIOLOGIA ANIMALE, VIA CAMPI, 213-D, MODENA, 41100, ITALY SN 1824-307X J9 ISJ-INVERT SURVIV J JI ISJ-Invertebr. Surviv. J. PY 2015 VL 12 BP 166 EP 169 PG 4 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA CO2PO UT WOS:000358999200006 ER PT J AU Ding, SJ Li, CB Cheng, NH Cui, XJ Xu, XL Zhou, GH AF Ding, Shijie Li, Chunbao Cheng, Ninghui Cui, Xiaojiang Xu, Xinglian Zhou, Guanghong TI Redox Regulation in Cancer Stem Cells SO OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY LA English DT Review ID NF-KAPPA-B; MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA STEM; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR PTEN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BREAST-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; INITIATING CELLS; LIVER-CANCER; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE AB Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-dependent (redox regulation) signaling pathways and transcriptional activities are thought to be critical in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation during growth and organogenesis. Aberrant ROS burst and dysregulation of those ROS-dependent cellular processes are strongly associated with human diseases including many cancers. ROS levels are elevated in cancer cells partially due to their higher metabolism rate. In the past 15 years, the concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been gaining ground as the subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties and characteristics have been identified in various cancers. CSCs possess low levels of ROS and are responsible for cancer recurrence after chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Unfortunately, how CSCs control ROS production and scavenging and how ROS-dependent signaling pathways contribute to CSCs function remain poorly understood. This review focuses on the role of redox balance, especially in ROS-dependent cellular processes in cancer stem cells (CSCs). We updated recent advances in our understanding of ROS generation and elimination in CSCs and their effects on CSC self-renewal and differentiation through modulating signaling pathways and transcriptional activities. The review concludes that targeting CSCs by manipulating ROS metabolism/dependent pathways may be an effective approach for improving cancer treatment. C1 [Ding, Shijie; Li, Chunbao; Xu, Xinglian; Zhou, Guanghong] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meat Proc & Qual Control, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Ninghui] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Children Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Cui, Xiaojiang] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Womens Canc Program, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Cui, Xiaojiang] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Samuel Oschin Comprehens Canc Inst, Womens Canc Program, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. RP Zhou, GH (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meat Proc & Qual Control, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM ghzhou@njau.edu.cn FU NSFC [31471600]; MOE [20110097110024, NCET-11-0668]; National Institutes of Health [CA151610]; Avon Foundation [02-2014-063]; David Salomon Translational Breast Cancer Research Fund; Fashion Footwear Charitable Foundation of New York, Inc.; Associates for Breast and Prostate Cancer Studies; Margie and Robert E. Petersen Foundation; United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [6250-51000-054] FX This work was funded by Grants 31471600 from NSFC, 20110097110024, and NCET-11-0668 from MOE. The authors thank the National Institutes of Health (CA151610), the Avon Foundation (02-2014-063), David Salomon Translational Breast Cancer Research Fund, and the Fashion Footwear Charitable Foundation of New York, Inc., Associates for Breast and Prostate Cancer Studies and the Margie and Robert E. Petersen Foundation for support to X. Cui. This work is supported by the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperation Agreement 6250-51000-054 (N.H.C). NR 140 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1942-0900 EI 1942-0994 J9 OXID MED CELL LONGEV JI Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev. PY 2015 AR 750798 DI 10.1155/2015/750798 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA CO6HP UT WOS:000359258100001 ER PT S AU Wahlqvist, ML Krawetz, SA Rizzo, NS Dominguez-Bello, MG Szymanski, LM Barkin, S Yatkine, A Waterland, RA Mennella, JA Desai, M Ross, MG Krebs, NF Young, BE Wardle, J Wrann, CD Kral, JG AF Wahlqvist, Mark L. Krawetz, Stephen A. Rizzo, Nico S. Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria Szymanski, Linda M. Barkin, Shari Yatkine, Ann Waterland, Robert A. Mennella, Julie A. Desai, Mina Ross, Michael G. Krebs, Nancy F. Young, Bridget E. Wardle, Jane Wrann, Christiane D. Kral, John G. GP New York Acad Sci TI Early-life influences on obesity: from preconception to adolescence SO ANNALS REPORTS, VOL 1347 SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE obesity; diabesity; nutrition; econutritional; epigenetics; microbiome; exercise; taste preferences; breast feeding ID EATING BEHAVIOR QUESTIONNAIRE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; CESAREAN-SECTION; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; DNA METHYLATION; ALLERGIC-ASTHMA; GUT MICROBIOME; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH AB The double burden of under- and overnutrition profoundly affects human health globally. According to the World Health Organization, obesity and diabetes rates have almost doubled worldwide since 1980, and, in 2011, more than 40 million children under 5 years of age were overweight. Ecologic factors, parental genetics and fitness, and the intrauterine environment significantly influence the likelihood of offspring developing the dysmetabolic diathesis of obesity. This report examines the effects of these factors, including preconception, intrauterine and postnatal energy balance affecting programming of transgenerational transmission, and development of chronic diseases later in life- in particular, diabesity and its comorbidities. C1 [Wahlqvist, Mark L.] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Krawetz, Stephen A.] Wayne State Univ, CS Mott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Detroit, MI USA. [Krawetz, Stephen A.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ctr Mol Med & Genet, Detroit, MI USA. [Rizzo, Nico S.] Loma Linda Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Community Resilience, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. [Rizzo, Nico S.] Karolinska Inst, Dept Biosci & Nutr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria] NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Szymanski, Linda M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Barkin, Shari; Yatkine, Ann] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Mennella, Julie A.] Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Desai, Mina; Ross, Michael G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Krebs, Nancy F.; Young, Bridget E.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Wardle, Jane] UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England. [Wrann, Christiane D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wrann, Christiane D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Boston, MA USA. [Kral, John G.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. RP Kral, JG (reprint author), Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 450 Clarkson Ave,Box 40, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. EM jkral@downstate.edu OI Mennella, Julie/0000-0002-8855-0204 FU Cancer Research UK [14133]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD072307, HD37119, R01 HD037119, R01 HD072307]; NIDCD NIH HHS [DC011287, R01 DC011287]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK031405, DK31405, DK90861, R37 DK031405, RC4 DK090861]; NINDS NIH HHS [K99 NS087096, NS087096] NR 105 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 37 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2015 VL 1347 BP 1 EP 28 DI 10.1111/nyas.12778 PG 28 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BD2HT UT WOS:000358763200001 PM 26037603 ER PT J AU Shiels, AB Drake, DR AF Shiels, Aaron B. Drake, Donald R. TI SPECIAL ISSUE: Island Plant Biology-Celebrating Carlquist's Legacy Barriers to seed and seedling survival of once-common Hawaiian palms: the role of invasive rats and ungulates SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article DE Island biology; Rattus exulans; Rattus rattus; seed dispersal; seed predation; seedling herbivory; Sus scrofa; tropical palm forest ID RATTUS-RATTUS; RAIN-FOREST; FERAL PIGS; INTRODUCED RODENTS; SUS-SCROFA; DRY FOREST; RECRUITMENT; DISPERSAL; IMPACT; PREDATION AB Mammalian herbivores can limit plant recruitment and affect forest composition. Loulu palms (Pritchardia spp.) once dominated many lowland ecosystems in Hawai'i, and non-native rats (Rattus spp.), ungulates (e.g. pigs Sus scrofa, goats Capra hircus) and humans have been proposed as major causes of their decline. In lowland wet forest, we experimentally determined the vulnerability of seeds and seedlings of two species of Pritchardia, P. maideniana and P. hillebrandii, by measuring their removal by introduced vertebrates; we also used motion-sensing cameras to identify the animals responsible for Pritchardia removal. We assessed potential seed dispersal of P. maideniana by spool-and-line tracking, and conducted captive-feeding trials with R. rattus and seeds and seedlings of both Pritchardia species. Seed removal from the forest floor occurred rapidly for both species: >50 % of Pritchardia seeds were removed from the vertebrate-accessible stations within 6 days and >80 % were removed within 22 days. Although rats and pigs were both common to the study area, motion-sensing cameras detected only rats (probably R. rattus) removing Pritchardia seeds from the forest floor. Captive-feeding trials and spool-and-line tracking revealed that vertebrate seed dispersal is rare; rats moved seeds up to 8 m upon collection and subsequently destroyed them (100 % mortality in 24-48 h in captivity). Surprisingly, seedlings did not suffer vertebrate damage in field trials, and although rats damaged seedlings in captivity, they rarely consumed them. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis generated from palaeoecological studies, indicating that introduced rats may have assisted in the demise of native insular palm forests. These findings also imply that the seed stage of species in this Pacific genus is particularly vulnerable to rats; therefore, future conservation efforts involving Pritchardia should prioritize the reduction of rat predation on the plant recruitment stages preceding seedling establishment. C1 [Shiels, Aaron B.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. [Drake, Donald R.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Shiels, AB (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96721 USA. EM ashiels@hawaii.edu FU Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS); Maybelle Roth Award for Conservation Biology; Sarah Martin Award in Botany FX This research was supported by two Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) scholarships to A.B.S., the Maybelle Roth Award for Conservation Biology and the Sarah Martin Award in Botany. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 26 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2015 VL 7 SI SI AR plv057 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plv057 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CO0IQ UT WOS:000358834000001 ER PT J AU Prager, KC Alt, DP Buhnerkempe, MG Greig, DJ Galloway, RL Wu, QZ Gulland, FMD Lloyd-Smith, JO AF Prager, K. C. Alt, David P. Buhnerkempe, Michael G. Greig, Denise J. Galloway, Renee L. Wu, Qingzhong Gulland, Frances M. D. Lloyd-Smith, James O. TI Antibiotic Efficacy in Eliminating Leptospiruria in California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) Stranding with Leptospirosis SO AQUATIC MAMMALS LA English DT Article DE antibiotic; California sea lion; Zalophus californianus; Leptospira interrogans; leptospiruria; renal disease; chronic shedding ID INTERROGANS SEROVAR POMONA; ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; DIAGNOSIS; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; COAST; PCR; SEROPREVALENCE; DOXYCYCLINE; PINNIPEDS; THERAPY AB Stranded California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) along the California coast have been diagnosed with leptospirosis every year since at least the 1980s. Between September 2010 and November 2011, we followed 14 stranded California sea lions that survived to release and evaluated antibiotic efficacy in eliminating leptospiruria (urinary shedding of leptospires). Leptospiruria was assessed by real-time PCR of urine and urine culture, with persistence assessed using longitudinally collected samples. Serum chemistry was used to assess recovery of normal renal function. Microscopic agglutination testing (MAT) was performed to assess serum anti-Leptospira antibody titers, and the MAT reactivity patterns were consistent with L. interrogans serovar Pomona infection frequently observed in this population. Animals were initially treated for 6 to 16 d (median = 10.5; mean = 10.8) with antibiotics from the penicillin family, with some receiving additional antibiotics to treat other medical conditions. All urine cultures were negative; therefore, the presence of leptospiruria was assessed using PCR. Leptospiruria continued beyond the initial course of penicillin family antibiotics in 13 of the 14 sea lions, beyond the last antibiotic dose in 11 of the 14 sea lions, beyond recovery of renal function in 13 of the 14 sea lions, and persisted for at least 8 to 86 d (median = 45; mean = 46.8). Five animals were released with no negative urine PCR results detected; thus, their total shedding duration may have been longer. Cessation of leptospiruria was more likely in animals that received antibiotics for a greater duration, especially if coverage was uninterrupted. Real-time PCR results indicate that an antibiotic protocol commonly used to treat leptospirosis in rehabilitating California sea lions does not eliminate leptospiruria. It is possible that antibiotic protocols given for a longer duration and/or including other antibiotics may be effective in eliminating leptospiruria. These results may have important human and animal health implications, especially in rehabilitation facilities, as Leptospira transmission may occur through contact with animals with persistent leptospiruria. C1 [Prager, K. C.; Buhnerkempe, Michael G.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Prager, K. C.; Buhnerkempe, Michael G.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Alt, David P.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Greig, Denise J.; Gulland, Frances M. D.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. [Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wu, Qingzhong] Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. RP Prager, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM kcprager@ucla.edu RI Lloyd-Smith, James/K-4080-2012 OI Lloyd-Smith, James/0000-0001-7941-502X FU John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program; National Science Foundation [OCE-1335657]; De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences; RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by the John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program; the National Science Foundation (OCE-1335657); the De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences; and the RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. The authors thank the staff and volunteers at The Marine Mammal Center in Sausalito, California, as they were integral to sample collection, sample management, and treatment choice, particularly Jen Soper, Carlos Rios, and William Van Bonn. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS PI MOLINE PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA SN 0167-5427 J9 AQUAT MAMM JI Aquat. Mamm. PY 2015 VL 41 IS 2 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1578/AM.41.2.2015.203 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA CN3AZ UT WOS:000358296900008 ER PT J AU Wang, XW Shi, WB Rinehart, T AF Wang, Xinwang Shi, Weibing Rinehart, Timothy TI Transcriptomes That Confer to Plant Defense against Powdery Mildew Disease in Lagerstroemia indica SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; RNA-SEQ; MARKERS; CRAPEMYRTLE; RESISTANCE; DISCOVERY; SURFACE; PCR AB Transcriptome analysis was conducted in two popular Lagerstroemia cultivars: "Natchez" (NAT), a white flower and powdery mildew resistant interspecific hybrid and "Carolina Beauty" (CAB), a red flower and powdery mildew susceptible L. indica cultivar. RNA-seq reads were generated from Erysiphe australiana infected leaves and de novo assembled. A total of 37,035 unigenes from 224,443 assembled contigs in both genotypes were identified. Approximately 85% of these unigenes have known function. Of them, 475 KEGG genes were found significantly different between the two genotypes. Five of the top ten differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (plant defense) and four in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway (antioxidant activities or flower coloration). Furthermore, 5 of the 12 assembled unigenes in benzoxazinoid biosynthesis and 7 of 11 in flavonoid biosynthesis showed higher transcript abundance in NAT. The relative abundance of transcripts for 16 candidate DEGs (9 from CAB and 7 from NAT) detected by qRT-PCR showed general agreement with the abundances of the assembled transcripts in NAT. This study provided the first transcriptome analyses in L. indica. The differential transcript abundance between two genotypes indicates that it is possible to identify candidate genes that are associated with the plant defenses or flower coloration. C1 [Wang, Xinwang] ARS, USDA, Crop Germplasm Res, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Wang, Xinwang] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. [Shi, Weibing] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Wang, XW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Germplasm Res, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM wlywing@yahoo.com NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 2314-436X EI 2314-4378 J9 INT J GENOMICS JI Int. J. Genomics PY 2015 AR 528395 DI 10.1155/2015/528395 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CN5ZQ UT WOS:000358513400001 ER PT J AU Bolander, P AF Bolander, Peter TI Design and Construction of Welded Wire Retaining Walls in the Siuslaw and Willamette National Forests SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Major winter storms occasionally remove portions of the steep mountainous roads within the Sins law and Willamette National Forests of western Oregon. On average, at least one flexible welded wire reinforced wall is built a year in these forests to reestablish the failed roadway. This paper summarizes the procedures used for foundation investigation, analysis and design, and construction administration of welded wire reinforced retaining walls in these forests. Since 2005, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service has designed the walls according to the current AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. The two forests follow AASHTO procedures with some modifications. These modifications include a narrower bench width at the toe of the wall, less conservative global stability resistance factors, no performance of settlement analysis, and stricter fill requirements for reinforced walls. C1 US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Willamette Natl Forest, Springfield, OR 97477 USA. RP Bolander, P (reprint author), US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Willamette Natl Forest, 3106 Pierce Pkwy,Suite D, Springfield, OR 97477 USA. EM pbolander@fs.fed.us NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2015 IS 2473 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.3141/2473-13 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA CN7RS UT WOS:000358632300014 ER PT J AU Bolander, P AF Bolander, Peter TI Evaluation of Aggregate-Surfaced Roads for Timber Haul SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB The Sins law and Willamette National Forests in western Oregon have approximately 8,000 mi (12,900 km) of aggregate- and native-surfaced roads. These forest roads provide access for the general public (mainly recreation) and allow timber to be hauled to local lumber mills. The forests have developed a procedure for assessing whether an existing aggregate-surfaced road has the capacity to support this traffic. The procedure notes any existing surface distress, determines aggregate depths and material quality, ascertains the subgrade characteristics along the road segment, and then segments the road into like sections according to these observations. Next, the surfacing thickness program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service is used to determine aggregate requirements for supporting traffic without excessive surface deterioration. Options for mitigating typical surface distress are addressed. The Siuslaw and Willamette National Forests have found that this procedure provides a reasonable and cost-effective means with which to determine where to apply aggregate on forest roads and how much, conserving the limited rock resources in national forest lands. C1 US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Willamette Natl Forest, Springfield, OR 97477 USA. RP Bolander, P (reprint author), US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Willamette Natl Forest, 3106 Pierce Pkwy,Suite D, Springfield, OR 97477 USA. EM pbolander@fs.fed.us NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2015 IS 2473 BP 116 EP 125 DI 10.3141/2473-14 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA CN7RS UT WOS:000358632300015 ER PT J AU Miller, HJ Cabral, C Orr, DP Kestler, MA Berg, R Eaton, R AF Miller, Heather J. Cabral, Christopher Orr, David P. Kestler, Maureen A. Berg, Richard Eaton, Robert TI Modification of the US Army Corps of Engineers Model 158 for Prediction of Frost-Thaw Profiles in Northern New England SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID LOAD RESTRICTIONS AB Knowledge concerning frost thaw profiles is important in the design of pavements for low-volume roads located in seasonal frost areas. In addition, because these roads are highly susceptible to damage during the spring thaw weakened period, this knowledge is helpful in making decisions about seasonal load restriction (SLR) policies. Direct measurement of frost depth is expensive and usually limited in scope. Therefore, several highway agencies have expressed the need for a prediction model to help them in estimating frost thaw profiles beneath roadways. A report from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers New England Division examined frost prediction models. One of the equations in that report was Model 158, which was similar to the modified Berggren equation. Model 158 uses air temperature indexes as well as pavement material properties to integrate heat flow into the calculation of maximum seasonal frost depth. That model has been modified slightly and programmed in an Excel spreadsheet to predict frost and thaw depths on a daily basis. This paper presents an overview of the modified Model 158 and compares predictions obtained from that model with measured frost thaw profiles obtained at several test sites located in northern New England during a period of five freeze thaw seasons. Results suggest that the model shows much promise although it generally tended to slightly underpredict maximum frost depths. In tracking the thaw process for SLR posting, the model tended to be conservative in estimating end-of-thaw dates (especially during rapid thawing events); in many instances, estimated end-of-thaw dates fell after measured dates. C1 [Miller, Heather J.; Cabral, Christopher] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [Orr, David P.] Cornell Univ, Local Rd Program, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kestler, Maureen A.] ARS, San Dimas Technol & Dev Ctr, USDA, San Dimas, CA 91773 USA. [Berg, Richard; Eaton, Robert] FROST Associates, Trinity, FL 34655 USA. RP Miller, HJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. EM hmiller@umassd.edu FU New Hampshire DOT research project; USDA Forest Service; U.S. Department of Transportation FX This research was supported, in part, by a New Hampshire DOT research project in conjunction with the USDA Forest Service and by U.S. Department of Transportation cooperative agreements. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2015 IS 2474 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.3141/2474-16 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA CN6NX UT WOS:000358552600017 ER PT J AU Russell, ML AF Russell, Mark L. TI Stabilizing Sand Roads with Wood Products and Byproducts SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID CHIPS AB Significant regions of the United States are covered with unstable sands that present traction and maintenance problems on unsurfaced, low-volume roads. Gravel for road surfacing is often unavailable or expensive because of the lack of local gravel deposits. The majority of these sandy areas occur in forested lands with thriving timber and paper industries. The objectives of this study were to review the various wood products and byproducts that are available and carry out a qualitative evaluation of their potential for stabilizing low-volume roads in unstable sands. Wood-related materials may provide cost-effective and environmentally beneficial alternatives for road stabilization materials in areas where gravel is not available or economical for use. The results of a literature search and market survey of wood products, byproducts, and paper mill byproducts are presented along with grain-size distribution test results for unstable sands and some materials. The performance of U.S. Forest Service roads previously stabilized with wood chips, chunkwood, and paper mill sludge was evaluated by site observation. Most of the materials were found to be at least marginally effective in some environments. Paper mill boiler ash shows particular promise as a recycled material for road stabilization and is recommended for further study. C1 US Dept Agr Forest Serv, San Dimas Technol & Dev Ctr, San Dimas, CA 91773 USA. RP Russell, ML (reprint author), US Dept Agr Forest Serv, San Dimas Technol & Dev Ctr, 444 East Bonita Ave, San Dimas, CA 91773 USA. EM mlrussell@fs.fed.us NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2015 IS 2473 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.3141/2473-19 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA CN7RS UT WOS:000358632300020 ER PT J AU Keller, G Berry, J AF Keller, Gordon Berry, Jonathan TI The Long History of Geosynthetics Use on Forest Roads SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Geosynthetics have been used in a wide range of applications on forest roads over the past 40 years. Some of the earliest uses involved reinforcement in simple walls, drainage or filtration in geocomposite underdrains, and subgrade stabilization. These early efforts were typically experimental. Geosynthetic application over time became better defined by function, and use was specified for drainage, filtration, separation, or reinforcement. Road uses were typically in underdrains to keep a granular filter material clean, for separation over soft subgrade soils to keep aggregate from becoming contaminated, as reinforcement layers within a mechanically stabilized earth retaining wall or reinforced fill, and as interlayers within a pavement. Today geosynthetic use is more sophisticated and better defined: materials for each function have specific strength and durability properties appropriate for their use. New combinations of materials have resulted in drainage geocomposites, multilayer filters, geogrids with geotextiles, geofoam, and geocells. Many applications in erosion control, as well as other creative uses, have also been developed. Today, more attention is given to quality control and properties testing to better characterize the materials. Although use of geosynthetics has gained wide acceptance in many sectors of civil engineering and highway construction, it is still limited on forest roads. This paper documents the evolution of geosynthetics' use on forest roads, highlights current creative and cost-effective applications of geosynthetics, and promotes geosynthetics in the construction of low-volume roads. C1 [Keller, Gordon] Genesee Geotech, Taylorsville, CA 95983 USA. [Berry, Jonathan] US Forest Serv, Plumas Natl Forest, USDA, Quincy, CA 95971 USA. RP Keller, G (reprint author), Genesee Geotech, 5506 Genesee Rd, Taylorsville, CA 95983 USA. EM gordon.r.keller@gmail.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2015 IS 2473 BP 242 EP 249 DI 10.3141/2473-28 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA CN7RS UT WOS:000358632300029 ER PT S AU Roose, ML Gmitter, FG Lee, R Hummer, K Machado, M Ashmore, S Deng, XX Ancillo, G Vives, MC Volk, GM Kahn, TL Luro, F AF Roose, Mikeal L. Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr. Lee, Richard Hummer, Kim Machado, Marcos Ashmore, Sarah Deng, Xiuxin Ancillo, Gema Vives, Mari C. Volk, Gayle M. Kahn, Tracy L. Luro, Francois BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Development of a Global Conservation Strategy for Citrus Genetic Resources SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE germplasm; oranges; lemons; grapefruit; crop wild relatives ID SHOOT TIPS; IN-VITRO; ENCAPSULATION-DEHYDRATION; CRYOPRESERVATION; RECOVERY AB Citrus is an economically important world tree fruit crop with production in more than 146 countries. The center of origin for citrus is considered to be Southeastern Asia including southern China, northeastern India, and Malaysia, with secondary centers in surrounding areas. Novel and commercially significant scion and rootstock cultivars originating by natural mutation or directed hybridization were introduced during the past century. Significant genetic resource collections exist in many countries. A global citrus germplasm network was developed in 1997. Now that the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGR) has recognized Citrus as an Annex 1 crop, a global conservation strategy needs to be established. The objective of this workshop was to plan the development of this strategy. More than 60 delegates attended with representation from Argentina, Australia, Bhutan, Brazil, China, Columbia, France, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UAE, US, and Vietnam. Nine oral presentations were given describing multiple aspects of genebank operations, technologies and gaps in Brazil, China, France, Australia, Spain, and the US. A draft genebank survey questionnaire was presented to the group and comments and suggested changes for improvement were received. Citrus curators and genebank managers throughout the world will be surveyed for the status and health of their collections. The surveys will be received and compiled by collaborators at the University of California, Riverside, and at the USDA ARS Riverside. This information will be compiled and reported. The strategy will include background and history of the development of Citrus as a cultivated crop, conservation protocols, vulnerabilities, and recommendations for safeguarding Citrus germplasm. This strategy will be implemented through the Global Crop Diversity Trust with collaboration from the International Society for Horticultural Science and the international Citrus research community. C1 [Roose, Mikeal L.; Kahn, Tracy L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Lee, Richard] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA USA. [Hummer, Kim] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Machado, Marcos] Ctr APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira IAC, Lab Biotecnol, Cordeiropolis, Brazil. [Ashmore, Sarah] Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Ctr, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Ashmore, Sarah] Griffith Univ, Sch Biomol & Phys Sci, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Deng, Xiuxin] Huazhong Agr Univ HZAU, Coll Hort & Forestry, Minist Educ, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Ancillo, Gema; Vives, Mari C.] Inst Valenciano Invest Agr IVIA, Ctr Protecc Vegetal & Biotecnol, Valencia, Spain. [Volk, Gayle M.] ARS, USDA, NCGRP, Plant Germplasm Preservat Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Luro, Francois] Inst Natl Rech Agron INRA, Genet & Ecophysiol Agrumes, Montfavet, France. RP Hummer, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 75 EP 83 PG 9 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600007 ER PT S AU Krueger, RR Bender, GS AF Krueger, Robert R. Bender, Gary S. BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Screening a Core Collection of Citrus Genetic Resources for Resistance to Fusarium solani SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE germplasm; dry root rot AB A causal agent for Dry root rot (DRR) of citrus has not been definitively identified, but the organism most consistently associated with DRR is Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. To efficiently screen a citrus germplasm collection for resistance to F. solani, a core subset of the collection was evaluated. Seedlings of forty-five accessions were wounded by girdling. Treatment consisted of inoculation with F. solani, with uninoculated controls. Three parameters were evaluated: recovery from girdling (0-3); amount of DRR (0-4); and percentage of healthy feeder roots. Twenty-four accessions showed no significant difference in DRR between inoculated and uninoculated seedlings, and 12 of these accessions showed low development of DRR (<1). Thirty-three accessions showed no significant difference in recovery from girdling between inoculated and uninoculated seedlings and 10 of these accessions showed good recovery from girdling (>2.7). Twenty-four accessions showed no significant difference in % healthy feeder roots between inoculated and uninoculated seedlings and eight of these showed a high percentage (>80%) of healthy feeder roots. Five accessions were superior in all three parameters: 'Fremont' mandarin (PI 539507), 'Lamas' lemon (PI 539226), 'Mato buntan' pummelo (PI 529398), 'Olivelands' sour orange (PI 539164) and 'South Coast Field Station' citron (PI 539435). These accessions would probably represent the best candidates for further study of F. solani resistance. C1 [Krueger, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Bender, Gary S.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, San Diego, CA USA. RP Krueger, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Robert.Krueger@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 155 EP 163 PG 9 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600015 ER PT S AU Siebert, TJ Kahn, TL Krueger, RR AF Siebert, Toni J. Kahn, Tracy L. Krueger, Robert R. BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Observations of Graft Compatibility between Citrus spp. and Related Aurantioideae Taxa SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE relatives; rootstocks; Aegle; Atalantia; Citropsis; Clausena; Clymenia; Eremocitrus; Feroniella; Glycosmis; Naringi; Pleiospermium; Severinia; Swinglea AB Although Citrus has long been known to be graft compatible with the genus Poncirus, compatibility between other Citrus and other genera of the Aurantioideae is less well characterized. Graft compatibility between Aurantioideae genera has historically been associated with the use of the related taxa as rootstocks for Citrus spp. However, the use of Citrus spp. as rootstocks for related taxa can be useful in maintaining germplasm accessions, in propagating specimen trees or specific commercial taxa, and biological indexing in a sanitation program. One of the largest collections of taxa related to Citrus is maintained by the University of California and the United States Department of Agriculture in Riverside, California. This paper reviews historical observations made in Riverside of graft compatibility between Aurantioideae genera and updates them with current observations. Specific combinations have been observed to be incompatible whereas others have shown either short-or long-term compatibility and survival. C1 [Siebert, Toni J.; Kahn, Tracy L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Deptartment Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Krueger, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Krueger, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Robert.Krueger@ars.usa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 173 EP 179 PG 7 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600017 ER PT S AU Volk, GM Bonnart, R Shepherd, A Krueger, RR Lee, R AF Volk, Gayle M. Bonnart, Remi Shepherd, Ashley Krueger, Robert R. Lee, Richard BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Cryopreservation of Citrus for Long-Term Conservation SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE cryopreservation; citrus; genetic resources; genebank ID DROPLET-VITRIFICATION; SHOOT TIPS; ENCAPSULATION-DEHYDRATION; IN-VITRO; RECOVERY; CULTURES; CELLS AB More than 850 varieties of Citrus, Fortunella, and Citrus-related species are maintained within the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System and the University of California Citrus Variety Collection. These genetic resources are held within duplicated field, screenhouse, and greenhouse collections and are at risk of disease infestations, abiotic stresses, and natural disasters. We have developed a cryopreservation method by which we can back up citrus genetic resources for the long term at liquid nitrogen temperatures. We excise shoot tips directly from greenhouse or screenhouse source plants, surface sterilize, and then treat with cryoprotectants. These solutions dehydrate and allow the shoot tips to survive liquid nitrogen exposure. Plants are recovered by micrografting thawed shoot tips onto ` Carrizo' seedling rootstocks. Experiments that compared survival after freezing in cryovials vs. on aluminum foil strips reveal higher levels and more uniform survival when foil strips were utilized. High viability was maintained for at least 1 year. These data further support the use of shoot tips to conserve diverse citrus cultivars in genebank collections. C1 [Volk, Gayle M.; Bonnart, Remi; Shepherd, Ashley] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Krueger, Robert R.; Lee, Richard] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 187 EP 191 PG 5 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600019 ER PT S AU Chen, CX Gmitter, FG Cancalon, P Greenblatt, D AF Chen, Chunxian Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr. Cancalon, Paul Greenblatt, David BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Integrated Profiling of Furanocoumarins (FC) in Grapefruit Hybrids toward Selection of Low FC Cultivars SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE marker-assisted selection; grapefruit juice effect ID JUICE; INHIBITION; CYTOCHROME-P450; DERIVATIVES; MECHANISM AB Furanocoumarins (FC) are a class of organic chemical components in grapefruits and other diet plants. Some of them in grapefruit juice can induce potentially adverse interactions with human drugs and in that patients may be advised to avoid the fruit and juice. To develop low FC grapefruit cultivars, integrated approaches were used to facilitate achieving the goal, including quantification of different FC, inference of the trait inheritance, comparison of their inhibitory potency on cytochrome P450, an enzyme responsible for drug metabolism. 6,7-DHB, bergamottin, and paradisin C concentrations were found to share strong correlations (R-2 up to 0.91) and co-segregate approximately in a 1: 1 manner among hybrids with low and high FC content at the preset cutoff total FC concentration. The inhibitory potency on cytochrome P450 appeared to correlate with the FC content (R-2 up to 0.96) in different juice samples. The phytochemical, genetic, and pharmaceutical profiles of the FC are leading to an ultimate solution to the grapefruit juice drug interaction issue by selection of some FC-eliminated grapefruit cultivars. C1 [Chen, Chunxian; Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Chen, Chunxian] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Cancalon, Paul] Florida Dept Citrus, Div Sci, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Greenblatt, David] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chen, CX (reprint author), Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM Chunxian.Chen@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 427 EP 431 PG 5 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600052 ER PT S AU Barry, GH Gmitter, FG Chen, CX Roose, ML Federici, CT McCollum, GT AF Barry, Graham H. Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr. Chen, Chunxian Roose, Mikeal L. Federici, Claire T. McCollum, Gregory T. BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Investigating the Parentage of 'Orri' and 'Fortune' Mandarin Hybrids SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Citrus reticulata; Alternaria brown spot; heritability; molecular markers; SSR ID TRIPLOID HYBRID; CITRUS; RESISTANCE; LINKAGE; MARKERS; GENE AB Germplasm characterization is now possible and more reliable using improved molecular markers and genomic tools. Previously citrus cultivars were primarily described according to their morphological or horticultural traits, but trueness-to-type can now be confirmed using molecular markers, thereby limiting inadvertent cultivar misidentification. Following routine testing the reported parentage of two mandarin hybrids is now questioned. 'Orri' mandarin is derived from 'Orah' mandarin by induced mutation, and was reportedly bred by crossing 'Temple' tangor and 'Dancy' mandarin. 'Orri' has excellent organoleptic qualities, and other favorable traits. With 'Dancy' as the pollen parent, at least some degree of susceptibility of 'Orri' to Alternaria brown spot (ABS) might be expected, but it is more likely to have inherited a high degree of susceptibility; yet 'Orri' appears to be immune to ABS. SSR analysis provided evidence that excludes 'Dancy' as the pollen parent of 'Orah'. Further testing revealed the likely pollen parent candidate as 'Kinnow' mandarin. 'Fortune' mandarin was a popular late-maturing mandarin cultivar until the high incidence of ABS rendered the cultivar uneconomical to produce in certain citrus production regions. This exceptionally late, high quality, attractive cultivar is reported to have originated from a 'Clementine' mandarin x 'Dancy' cross. However, two independent molecular marker studies revealed that the pollen parent of 'Fortune' is possibly 'Orlando' tangelo and not 'Dancy'. In both cases, the pollen parent of 'Orri' and 'Fortune' mandarin hybrids appears not to be 'Dancy' as published. This information will assist geneticists and breeders to reinterpret heritability studies on ABS susceptibility of mandarins and their hybrids. C1 [Barry, Graham H.] XLnT Citrus Co, Cape Town, South Africa. [Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr.; Chen, Chunxian] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Roose, Mikeal L.; Federici, Claire T.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [McCollum, Gregory T.] USDA ARS, United States Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Barry, GH (reprint author), XLnT Citrus Co, Cape Town, South Africa. EM ghbarry@gmail.com NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 449 EP 456 PG 8 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600055 ER PT S AU Loconsole, G Giampetruzzi, A Saldarelli, P Onelge, N Yokomi, RK Saponari, M AF Loconsole, Giuliana Giampetruzzi, Annalisa Saldarelli, Pasquale Onelge, Nuket Yokomi, Raymond K. Saponari, Maria BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Deep Sequencing of Small RNAs from Citrus Affected by Graft-Transmissible Diseases of Unknown Aetiology Leads to Discovery of Two Novel Viruses SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE citrus chlorotic dwarf; yellow vein clearing; geminivirus; Mandarivirus; Parabemisia myricae; Aphis craccivora; Aphis spiraecola ID IDENTIFICATION; MEMBER AB Diseases of unknown aetiology remain difficult or impossible to diagnose. Illumina next generation sequencing (NGS) technology was used to generate sequence datasets from citrus affected by two such diseases: citrus chlorotic dwarf (CCDD) (whitefly-transmitted) and yellow vein clearing disease (YVCD) (aphid-transmitted). Contigs from small RNAs were assembled and used to screen sequence homologies against the virus database in GenBank. DNA fragments from CCDD-affected plants were used to re-construct a circular single-stranded DNA viral genome with homologies to geminiviruses. The genome size and organization of the provisionally named Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CCDaV) was shown to be a highly divergent member of the family Geminiviridae. Similarly, the whole genome sequence of a putative filamentous virus associated with CYVCD-affected lemon plants was reconstructed. The genome structure was found to be typical of flexiviruses and sequence data suggested that CYVCV is a new species in the genus Mandarivirus. PCR-based assays for CCDaV and CYVCV were developed that will be an important diagnostic tool for citrus disease management programs in Turkey and other citrus-producing regions. C1 [Loconsole, Giuliana] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento Sci Suolo Pianta & Alimenti, Bari, Italy. [Giampetruzzi, Annalisa; Saldarelli, Pasquale; Saponari, Maria] UOS Bari, CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, Bari, Italy. [Onelge, Nuket] Cukurova Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, Adana, Turkey. [Yokomi, Raymond K.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. RP Saponari, M (reprint author), UOS Bari, CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, Bari, Italy. EM m.saponari@ba.ivv.cnr.it NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 817 EP 824 PG 8 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600102 ER PT S AU Stover, E McCollum, GT Driggers, R Lee, R Shatters, R Duan, YP Ritenour, M Chaparro, JX Hall, DG AF Stover, Ed McCollum, Gregory T. Driggers, Randall Lee, Richard Shatters, Robert, Jr. Duan, YongPing Ritenour, Mark Chaparro, Jose X. Hall, David G. BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Resistance and Tolerance to Huanglongbing in Citrus SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus; grapefruit; 'Triumph'; 'Jackson'; 'Temple'; plant disease; citrus greening ID GREENING-DISEASE; THAILAND AB Huanglongbing (HLB) is severely impacting Florida citrus. Productivity declines in many HLB-affected genotypes are often accompanied with thinned canopies, and reduced fruit size and quality. Development of citrus cultivars resistant or tolerant to HLB is the best long-term control solution for this endemic disease in Florida. HLB was assessed in diverse cultivars in commercial groves with high HLB incidence. 'Temple' had the least HLB symptoms and lowest Liberibacter (Las) titer, while 'Murcott' and 'Minneola' had the most symptoms and highest titers. The USDA Ft. Pierce, FL farm is managed to reveal genotype responses to HLB. Some current cultivars and hybrid seedlings demonstrate HLB resistance/tolerance, at least to the strain(s) of Las present in this location. Citrus trifoliata is the best documented citrus resistance source, having low Las titer even when grafted onto severely-infected rootstocks. Some cultivars and hybrids have abundant foliage symptoms, but full canopies and seemingly normal fruit set and size. In three years of a replicated trial of 'Triumph'(T), 'Jackson'(J), 'Flame'(F), and 'Marsh'(M) grapefruits or hybrids, HLB symptoms were severe in all trees and Las titers were similar. F and M were almost completely defoliated in some years while T and J had full canopies. Cumulative fruit per tree was greater for T and J (255, 220) than for F and M (29, 66). T and J fruit met commercial standards and was normal size but the fruit of F and M was unacceptable. Evidence is mounting that useful resistance/tolerance to HLB is present in cultivated citrus and sexually compatible hybrids. C1 [Stover, Ed; McCollum, Gregory T.; Driggers, Randall; Shatters, Robert, Jr.; Duan, YongPing; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Lee, Richard] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA USA. [Ritenour, Mark] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Chaparro, Jose X.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Stover, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM ed.stover@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 899 EP 903 PG 5 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600111 ER PT S AU Liquido, NJ Griffin, RL AF Liquido, Nicanor J. Griffin, Robert L. BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Quarantine Mitigation for Fruit Flies in Citrus SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE commodity treatment; Rutaceae; Anastrepha; Bactrocera; Ceratitis; Tephritidae ID FLY DIPTERA; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; TEPHRITIDAE; DISINFESTATION; IRRADIATION; SURVIVAL; VALENCIA; LEMON; AIR; HOT AB Many species of citrus are suitable host plants of quarantine-significant tephritids belonging to genera Anastrepha, Bactrocera, and Ceratitis. Rigorous quarantine procedures and risk mitigation safeguards are required and enforced to prevent the spread of these fruit flies by regulating international and domestic movement of citrus. Ranking among fruit crops with the highest global commercial value, citrus commodities have the distinction of encompassing extensive basic research and validation studies on developing acceptable and efficacious probit 9 quarantine mitigations, including fumigation, hot-water immersion, high-temperature forced-air, vapor heat, cold, and irradiation treatments. The conventional probit 9 treatments and "non-host no-treatment" mitigation approaches in achieving quarantine security for fruit flies in citrus are discussed. C1 [Liquido, Nicanor J.] APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST,PERAL, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. [Griffin, Robert L.] APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST,PERAL, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Liquido, NJ (reprint author), APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST,PERAL, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. EM Nicanor.J.Liquido@aphis.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 1063 EP 1070 PG 8 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600133 ER PT S AU Liquido, NJ AF Liquido, Nicanor J. BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Workshop: Quarantine Security for Tephritid Fruit Flies Pest in Citrus: Probit 9 and Alternative Levels of Treatment Efficacy SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE commodity treatment; Rutaceae; Tephritidae AB Tephritid fruit flies are serious pests of citrus. They cause direct fruit damage through oviposition and larval feeding, and warrant regulatory restriction on the movement of citrus fruits across national and international boundaries. Current quarantine mitigations for fruit flies in citrus include fumigation, high-temperature forced-air, vapor heat, cold, and irradiation treatments. Cold treatment has a multitude of schedules with various combinations of low temperature and treatment duration, depending on species of citrus and the guild of associated fruit fly pests. Current probit 9-based mitigation for fruit flies in citrus includes fumigation, high-temperature forced-air, vapor heat, cold, and irradiation treatments. The probit 9 treatment efficacy (99.9968% desired response, e.g., mortality) is the unofficial obligatory level of treatment efficacy for high risk pests in highly susceptible hosts. For naturally poor hosts, the probit 9 standard may be too rigid and impractical, and treatment efficacy lower than probit 9 may be sufficient to achieve the desired quarantine security. In the alternative treatment efficacy approach, risk may be defined either as the number of survivors or as the probability of a mating pair being present in a shipment, rather than as the effective mortality of the treated infesting individuals. The objective of this workshop is to discuss current and explore alternative methods of achieving commodity quarantine security, with particular emphasis on attaining acceptable efficacy levels other than probit 9 and the possibilities of integrating less than probit 9 treatments in developing systems approaches to mitigate risk of fruit fly pests. C1 APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST,Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. RP Liquido, NJ (reprint author), APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST,Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. EM Nicanor.J.Liquido@aphis.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 1071 EP 1073 PG 3 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600134 ER PT S AU Lovatt, CJ Krueger, RR AF Lovatt, Carol J. Krueger, Robert R. BE SabaterMunoz, B Moreno, P Pena, L Navarro, L TI Morphological and Yield Characteristics of 'Washington' Navel Orange and 'Tahiti' Lime Trees Produced with Buds from "Floral" versus "Vegetative" Mother Shoots SO XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF CITRICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Citrus Congress - International-Society-of-Citriculture CY NOV 18-23, 2012 CL Valencia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Citriculture, Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Citrus latifolia (Yu Tanaka) Tanaka; Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck; epigenetics; inflorescence; thorns; topophysis AB Citrus cultivars bear "floral" shoots that produce more inflorescences than vegetative shoots (411 inflorescences, 11 vegetative shoots). Each cultivar also bears "vegetative" shoots that produce fewer inflorescences (208) and more vegetative shoots (202) than floral shoots on a similar number of nodes. Canopy sections in which floral shoots develop contribute a greater percent of tree total yield than those dominated by vegetative shoots. We hypothesized that trees propagated from buds taken from floral shoots would retain the internal physiological status of a floral mother shoot to produce more floral daughter shoots than trees propagated from buds taken from vegetative mother shoots and thus be more productive. Buds from the two types of mother shoots collected from 'Tahiti' lime and 'Washington' navel orange were budded on 'Carrizo' citrange rootstocks. Forty trees were established in a field at UC-Riverside. At age 3 years, 'Tahiti' lime trees propagated from buds from floral mother shoots produced 28% more fruit than trees propagated from vegetative mother shoot buds. Similarly, 3-yr-old 'Washington' navel orange trees produced with buds from floral mother shoots yielded 26% more fruit than trees produced with buds from vegetative mother shoots. For 'Washington' navel orange trees propagated with buds from floral mother shoot, 4-year cumulative and 4-year average yield as number of fruit per tree was significantly greater than trees propagated with buds from vegetative mother shoots; the same relationship was true for 'Tahiti' lime, but the results were not significant at the 5% confidence level. C1 [Lovatt, Carol J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Krueger, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Riverside, CA USA. RP Lovatt, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM carol.lovatt@ucr.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-53-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1065 BP 1831 EP 1837 PG 7 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1IA UT WOS:000358038600234 ER PT J AU Liu, HP Hershler, R Rossel, CS AF Liu, Hsiu-Ping Hershler, Robert Rossel, Christopher S. TI Taxonomic status of the Columbia duskysnail (Truncatelloidea, Amnicolidae, Colligyrus) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Gastropoda; aquatic; western United States; systematics; phylogeny; conservation ID NORTH-AMERICA; RIVER-BASIN; FLUMINICOLA; SNAILS AB Undescribed freshwater snails (Amnicolidae: Colligyrus) from the Mount Hood region (northwestern United States) identified as a new species (commonly known as the Columbia duskysnail) in grey literature have been provided federal protection under the "survey and manage" provisions of the Northwest Forest Plan and have been placed on conservation watch lists. However, there are no published studies of the identity of these snails aside from a molecular phylogenetic analysis which delineated a close relationship between the single sampled population and C. greggi, which is distributed more than 750 km to the east of the Mount Hood area. Here we examine the taxonomic status of the Columbia duskysnail based on additional molecular sampling of mitochondrial DNA sequences (COI) and morphological evidence. We found that the Columbia duskysnail is not a monophyletic group and forms a strongly supported clade with C. greggi. The COI divergence between these broadly disjunct groups (2.1%) was somewhat larger than that within C. greggi (1.0%) but considerably less than that among the three currently recognized species of Colligyrus (8.7-12.1%). Additionally we found that the Columbia duskysnail and C. greggi cannot be consistently differentiated by previously reported diagnostic characters (size and shape of shell spire, pigmentation of body and penis) and are closely similar in other aspects of morphology. Based on these results we conclude that the Columbia duskysnail is conspecific with C. greggi. C1 [Liu, Hsiu-Ping] Metropolitan State Univ Denver, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Hershler, Robert] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rossel, Christopher S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mt Hood Natl Forest, Dufur, OR 97021 USA. RP Hershler, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hershlerr@si.edu FU Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office [L11AC20325] FX This project was supported by an award from the Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office (L11AC20325, modification no. 1). We thank Kelli van Norman for facilitating this funding and for her constant encouragement and support throughout the project. We also thank Freya Goetz for inking the anatomical drawings; and Yolanda Villacampa for measuring shells, counting radula cusps, and preparing scanning electron micrographs. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 514 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.3897/zookeys.514.9919 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CN7CS UT WOS:000358592000001 PM 26261429 ER PT J AU Mao, YH Li, QB Henze, DK Jiang, Z Jones, DBA Kopacz, M He, C Qi, L Gao, M Hao, WM Liou, KN AF Mao, Y. H. Li, Q. B. Henze, D. K. Jiang, Z. Jones, D. B. A. Kopacz, M. He, C. Qi, L. Gao, M. Hao, W. -M. Liou, K. -N. TI Estimates of black carbon emissions in the western United States using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; TERM CLIMATE-CHANGE; AIR-QUALITY; HIGH-RESOLUTION; NORTH-AMERICA; CO EMISSIONS; BURNED-AREA; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; AMMONIA EMISSIONS; DATA ASSIMILATION AB We estimate black carbon (BC) emissions in the western United States for July-September 2006 by inverting surface BC concentrations from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network using a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and its adjoint. Our best estimate of the BC emissions is 49.9 Gg at 2 degrees x 2.5 degrees (a factor of 2.1 increase) and 47.3 Gg at 0.5 degrees x 0.667 degrees (1.9 times increase). Model results now capture the observed major fire episodes with substantial bias reductions (similar to 35% at 2 degrees x 2.5 degrees and similar to 15% at 0.5 degrees x 0.667 degrees). The emissions are similar to 20-50% larger than those from our earlier analytical inversions (Mao et al., 2014). The discrepancy is especially drastic in the partitioning of anthropogenic versus biomass burning emissions. The August biomass burning BC emissions are 4.6-6.5 Gg and anthropogenic BC emissions 8.6-12.8 Gg, varying with the model resolution, error specifications, and subsets of observations used. On average both anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions in the adjoint inversions increase 2-fold relative to the respective a priori emissions, in distinct contrast to the halving of the anthropogenic and tripling of the biomass burning emissions in the analytical inversions. We attribute these discrepancies to the inability of the adjoint inversion system, with limited spatiotemporal coverage of the IMPROVE observations, to effectively distinguish collocated anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on model grid scales. This calls for concurrent measurements of other tracers of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion (e.g., carbon monoxide and carbon isotopes). We find that the adjoint inversion system as is has sufficient information content to constrain the total emissions of BC on the model grid scales. C1 [Mao, Y. H.; Li, Q. B.; He, C.; Qi, L.; Gao, M.; Liou, K. -N.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mao, Y. H.; Li, Q. B.; Jones, D. B. A.; He, C.; Qi, L.; Gao, M.; Liou, K. -N.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mao, Y. H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Henze, D. K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jiang, Z.; Jones, D. B. A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Kopacz, M.] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Hao, W. -M.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Li, QB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM qli@atmos.ucla.edu RI Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 FU NASA [NNX09AF07G]; EPA-STAR [83503701] FX This research was supported by NASA grant NNX09AF07G from the Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP). The GEOS-Chem model is managed by the Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling group at Harvard University; support for the adjoint comes the Henze group at CU Boulder, which additionally recognizes support from EPA-STAR grant 83503701 (this manuscript does not reflect official EPA agency views or policies). We thank Feng Deng and Ray Nassar for helpful discussions. NR 101 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2015 VL 15 IS 13 BP 7685 EP 7702 DI 10.5194/acp-15-7685-2015 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CM8UT UT WOS:000357978300033 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Triana, JL Whitfield, JB Smith, MA Kula, RR Hallwachs, W Janzen, DH AF Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. Whitfield, James B. Smith, M. Alex Kula, Robert R. Hallwachs, Winnie Janzen, Daniel H. TI Revision of the genera Microplitis and Snellenius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Costa Rica, with a key to all species previously described from Mesoamerica SO DEUTSCHE ENTOMOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT LA English DT Article DE Microplitis; Snellenius; Microgastrinae; New World; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; taxonomic review; parasitoid wasps; caterpillars; DNA barcoding; host species ID PARASITOID FLIES DIPTERA; DNA BARCODES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; TACHINIDAE; INTEGRATION; MORPHOLOGY AB The genera Microplitis and Snellenius (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG), Costa Rica, are revised. A total of 28 new species are described: 23 of Snellenius (the first record for Mesoamerica) and five of Microplitis. A key is provided to all new species and five species of Microplitis previously described from Mesoamerica. In ACG, all Microplitis were reared exclusively from Sphingidae, while all Snellenius were reared from Noctuoidea (Noctuidae and Erebidae). All of the wasp species with known host records are unambiguously specialists, parasitizing one or a few related hosts. Biological information (wasp cocoon and caterpillar hosts) in the Neotropical region seems to differ from similar data reported in previous works for the Oriental region -but more studies on the world fauna are needed. Although the distinction between these two genera has been controversial, we consider that the available evidence, although not conclusive, suggests that these two genera are best kept as separate (based on the presence of at least a partial epicnemial carina in Snellenius, which is absent in Microplitis). The following 28 species, all authored by Fernandez-Triana & Whitfield, are described as species nova: Microplitis adrianguadamuzi, M. alexanderrojasi, M. francopupulini, M. hebertbakeri, M. jorgehernandezi, Snellenius billburgeri, S. bobdressleri, S. donstonei, S. felipechavarriai, S. gerardoherrerai, S. irenebakerae, S. isidrochaconi, S. johnkressi, S. jorgecampabadali, S. jorgegomezlauritoi, S. josesarukhani, S. kerrydresslerae, S. lucindamcdadeae, S. luisdiegogomezi, S. mariakuzminae, S. mariamartachavarriae, S. phildevriesi, S. quiricojimenezi, S. robertoespinozai, S. sandyknappae, S. velvaruddae, S. vickifunkae, S. warrenwagneri. C1 [Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.] Canadian Natl Collect Insects, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Whitfield, James B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Smith, M. Alex] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Kula, Robert R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hallwachs, Winnie; Janzen, Daniel H.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Fernandez-Triana, JL (reprint author), Canadian Natl Collect Insects, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. EM jftriana@uoguelph.ca FU Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; Wege Foundation; International Conservation Fund of Canada; JRS Biodiversity Foundation; Permian Global; University of Pennsylvania; NSF [DEB 0515699]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute [2008-0GI-ICI-03]; USDA NRI program FX We emphatically and gratefully acknowledge the support of the ACG parataxonomist team (Janzen et al. 2009, Janzen and Hallwachs 2011) in finding and rearing these caterpillars, their parasites and their hyperparasites, and Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) for preserving the forests in which they live, and the Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, the Wege Foundation, the International Conservation Fund of Canada, the JRS Biodiversity Foundation, Jessie Hill, Steve Stroud, Permian Global, and the University of Pennsylvania for funding portions of the research. This study was also supported by NSF DEB 0515699 to DHJ and by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant to MAS. Laboratory analyses of these sequences were funded by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute (2008-0GI-ICI-03). JBW would like to acknowledge the USDA NRI program for support from two grants, awarded in 2000 and 2003, which supported earlier work on some of the species in this study. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1435-1951 EI 1522-2403 J9 DEUT ENTOMOL Z JI Dtsch. Entomol. Z. PY 2015 VL 62 IS 2 BP 137 EP 201 DI 10.3897/dez.62.5276 PG 65 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CN3CN UT WOS:000358301500001 ER PT S AU Bushakra, JM Bassil, N Finn, CE Hummer, KE AF Bushakra, J. M. Bassil, N. Finn, C. E. Hummer, K. E. BE Thomas, AL TI Sambucus Genetic Resources at the US National Clonal Germplasm Repository SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELDERBERRY SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Elderberry CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Columbia, MO SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE elderberry; genebank; genotype ID CANADENSIS; ANTHOCYANINS; NIGRA; AMERICAN; CAPRIFOLIACEAE; STABILITY; FRUITS AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR-Corvallis) preserves the genetic diversity of elderberry (Sambucus spp.). This genebank preserves representatives of seven of the nine major world Sambucus species and 50 cultivars, including genotypes selected for fruit, as well as ornamental gold, purple, and cut-leaf forms. The priority emphasis of the collection is to maintain diverse species and edible cultivars. Recent USDA plant collecting trips in the Russian Far East, Republic of Georgia, Armenia, and Japan have obtained seed accessions of Sambucus. The genebank collection includes plant material from 31 different countries, with most accessions stemming from the U.S., Russia, China, Japan, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The primary clonal collection is preserved as plants in a field genebank, and seedlots of wild-collected material that are stored at -20 degrees C, thus preserving species diversity. Recent evaluation projects have documented horticultural morphological descriptors and phytochemical fruit components for selected American elderberry (Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis) individuals. Origin and evaluation information are maintained on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), which is a publicly accessible database. Orders for limited propagules for research purposes can be placed through GRIN. Import permits may be required for non-US requestors. C1 [Bushakra, J. M.; Bassil, N.; Hummer, K. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Finn, C. E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bushakra, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-54-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1061 BP 135 EP 145 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HX UT WOS:000358035200013 ER PT S AU Keller, KE Mosier, NJ Thomas, AL Quito-Avila, DF Martin, RR AF Keller, K. E. Mosier, N. J. Thomas, A. L. Quito-Avila, D. F. Martin, R. R. BE Thomas, AL TI Identification of Two New Carlaviruses in Elderberry SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELDERBERRY SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Elderberry CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Columbia, MO SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE next generation sequencing (NGS); Illumina; Sambucus; American hop latent virus; Helleborous mosaic virus; Poplar mosaic virus ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; LATENT-VIRUS; SAMBUCUS AB Cuttings of nine elderberry (Sambucus spp.) cultivars were sent from Missouri (USA) to the USDA-ARS laboratory in Corvallis, Oregon (USA) to be tested for the presence of viruses. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was extracted from the nine cultivars and all showed a similar electrophoretic banding pattern, with bands of about 8000 base pairs (bp) in addition to several smaller bands. The dsRNA from 'Bob Gordon' was used as template for next generation sequencing (NGS) and further analysis. DsRNA was converted to cDNA using reverse transcription with degenerate oligonucleotide primers. The cDNA was further amplified by PCR, prepared for NGS using the Illumina format. Sequencing yielded approximately 75 million 80 bp, paired end reads. Reads were assembled into contigs using SCRAPE.pl and two large contigs of 8521 and 8425 nucleotides were obtained. Each contig displayed significant levels of identity to several carlaviruses and about 50% nucleotide sequence identity between each other. From nucleotide sequence and translated amino acid sequence data, it is clear that there are two distinct carlaviruses infecting elderberry. Elderberry carlavirus 145 (EBCV145) showed less homology to known carlaviruses both at the nucleotide and amino acid level. Elderberry carlavirus 153 (EBCV153) had numerous coding regions that were homologous to American hop latent virus. Specific primers were developed for each of the two carlaviruses. All nine cultivars tested were positive for both viruses with the exception of 'Marge', which only had EBCV145. Meristem tips were collected from 'Wyldewood' and used to regenerate plants in tissue culture. Plants were obtained that tested negative for one or both carlaviruses, demonstrating the ability to produce elderberries free of these viruses. C1 [Keller, K. E.; Mosier, N. J.; Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Thomas, A. L.] Univ Missouri, Southwest Res Ctr, Mt Vernon, MO USA. [Quito-Avila, D. F.] Ctr Invest Biotecnol Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador. RP Keller, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-54-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1061 BP 161 EP 164 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HX UT WOS:000358035200016 ER PT J AU Huiet, L Lenz, M Nelson, JK Pryer, KM Smith, AR AF Huiet, Layne Lenz, Martin Nelson, Julie K. Pryer, Kathleen M. Smith, Alan R. TI Adiantum shastense, a new species of maidenhair fern from California SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Shasta Lake; maidenhair; Shasta snow wreath; new species AB A new species of Adiantum is described from California. This species is endemic to northern California and is currently known only from Shasta County. We describe its discovery after first being collected over a century ago and distinguish it from A. jordanii and A. capillus-veneris. It is evergreen and is sometimes, but not always, associated with limestone. The range of Adiantum shastense Huiet & A. R. Sm., sp. nov., is similar to several other Shasta County endemics that occur in the mesic forests of the Eastern Klamath Range, close to Shasta Lake, on limestone and metasedimentary substrates. C1 [Huiet, Layne; Pryer, Kathleen M.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27707 USA. [Lenz, Martin; Nelson, Julie K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Shasta Trinity Natl Forest, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Smith, Alan R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ Herbarium, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huiet, L (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27707 USA. EM rlh22@duke.edu FU NSF [DEB-1145614] FX We thank the following herbaria and their staff for the processing and use of specimens and loans: UC, JEPS, DUKE and OSC. Thanks to D. Taylor and E. Alverson for additional collection data. We are profoundly indebted to J. Smith and E. Dean for their untiring support and assistance during fieldwork. Also thanks to E. Dean for the use of photographs and preparation of field notes. L.H. would like to thank C.J. Rothfels for technical help with figures and manuscript preparation. This work was supported by NSF grant DEB-1145614 to K.M.P. and L.H. We also thank the Shasta-Trinity National Forest for permit 038584. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 53 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.53.5151 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CN2OL UT WOS:000358261400004 ER PT J AU Chen, J Liu, ZS Jiang, JC Nie, XA Zhou, YH Murray, RE AF Chen, Jie Liu, Zengshe Jiang, Jianchun Nie, Xiaoan Zhou, Yonghong Murray, Rex E. TI A novel biobased plasticizer of epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether: synthesis and application in soft poly(vinyl chloride) films SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-DEGRADATION KINETICS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RENEWABLE RESOURCE; NATURAL-RUBBER; EPOXY-RESIN; ESTER RESIN; PVC; OIL; DEHYDROCHLORINATION; POLYVINYL-CHLORIDE) AB A novel plasticizer derived from cardanol, and epoxied cardanol glycidyl ether (ECGE), was synthesized and characterized by H-1-NMR and C-13-NMR. The effects of ECGE combined with the commercial plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP), in soft poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films, were studied. The mechanical properties of PVC films showed both tensile strength and percent elongation increases with increasing ECGE content. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to characterize the thermal stabilities of the plasticized samples and showed the stability of films increased on increasing the content of ECGE. The properties of volatility, extraction, and exudation resistance of plasticizers were tested and analysis by means of solubility parameters as reported in the literature suggests the ECGE has similar or higher stability for these properties than DOP. FTIR analysis of the films also revealed that ECGE interacted with PVC. Due to its inherent chemical backbone and the modified epoxy groups, ECGE properly balanced the properties and improved the performance of PVC films compared with the neat DOP plasticizer. C1 [Chen, Jie; Jiang, Jianchun; Nie, Xiaoan; Zhou, Yonghong] Chinese Acad Forestry, Natl Engn Lab Biomass Chem Utilizat, Key Lab Biomass Energy & Mat, Inst Chem Ind Forestry Prod, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jie; Jiang, Jianchun; Nie, Xiaoan; Zhou, Yonghong] CAF, Inst New Technol Forestry, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Liu, Zengshe; Murray, Rex E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Biooils Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Natl Engn Lab Biomass Chem Utilizat, Key Lab Biomass Energy & Mat, Inst Chem Ind Forestry Prod, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM bio-enegry@163.com; kevin.liu@ars.usda.gov FU National Commonwealth Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry [CAFINT2014C12]; National "Twelfth Five-Year" Plan for Science and Technology Support [2014BAD02B02]; National Commonwealth Research Institute FX The authors are grateful for the financial support from basic research funding earmarked for the National Commonwealth Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry (Grant number: CAFINT2014C12), and the National "Twelfth Five-Year" Plan for Science and Technology Support (Grant number: 2014BAD02B02). The authors also gratefully acknowledge Mr Daniel Knetzer for help in DMA and TGA analysis and Mrs Kathy Hornback for help in preparing PVC test specimens. NR 52 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 25 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2015 VL 5 IS 69 BP 56171 EP 56180 DI 10.1039/c5ra07096a PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CM6MQ UT WOS:000357803200067 ER PT S AU Woltering, EJ Boerrigter, HAM Mensink, MGJ Harkema, H Macnish, AJ Reid, MS Jiang, CZ AF Woltering, E. J. Boerrigter, H. A. M. Mensink, M. G. J. Harkema, H. Macnish, A. J. Reid, M. S. Jiang, C. -Z. BE Debener, T Linde, M TI Validation of the Effects of a Single One Second Hypochlorite Floral Dip on Botrytis cinerea Incidence Following Long-Term Shipment of Cut Roses SO VI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ROSE RESEARCH AND CULTIVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Rose Research and Cultivation CY AUG 25-30, 2013 CL Hannover, GERMANY SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE chlorine; cut flowers; flower quality; long-term transport; reefer; rose AB The effect of a pre-shipment hypochlorite treatment on botrytis incidence was evaluated in a large number of rose cultivars and under different long-term storage conditions. Application parameters, stability and sources of hypochlorite were investigated. Irrespective of the type of packaging and shipment conditions, roses that received a pre-shipment treatment with 100 to 150 mg/L hypochlorite showed a significantly decreased botrytis incidence compared to non-hypochlorite treated roses. The hypochlorite treatment generally was more effective than a comparable treatment with commercial fungicides. Dipping the flower heads for approximately one second in a hypochlorite solution was more effective than spraying the heads. In few cases minor hypochlorite-induced damage on the petal tips was observed at higher concentrations (>200 mg/L). Apart from the effect on botrytis incidence, the treatment resulted in reduced water loss that may have an additional beneficial effect on the eventual flower quality. It is concluded that, apart from other obvious measures to reduce botrytis incidence (prevention of high humidity at the flower heads) a pre-shipment floral dip in 100 to 150 mg/L hypochlorite from commercial household bleach is an easy and cost effective way to reduce botrytis incidence following long term storage/transportation of roses. C1 [Woltering, E. J.; Boerrigter, H. A. M.; Mensink, M. G. J.; Harkema, H.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Food & Biobased Res, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Woltering, E. J.] Wageningen Univ, Hort Supply Chains Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Macnish, A. J.] Maroochy Res Facil, Dept Agr Fisheries & Forestry, Hort & Forestry Sci, Nambour, Qld 4560, Australia. [Reid, M. S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jiang, C. -Z.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Woltering, EJ (reprint author), Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Food & Biobased Res, POB 17, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-55-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1064 BP 211 EP 219 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HZ UT WOS:000358038300024 ER PT J AU Kluever, BM Gese, EM Dempsey, SJ AF Kluever, Bryan M. Gese, Eric M. Dempsey, Steven J. TI The influence of road characteristics and species on detection probabilities of carnivore faeces SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Canis latrans; coyote; kit fox; population estimate; scat deposition; survey; Vulpes macrotis ID JOAQUIN KIT FOXES; POPULATION-SIZE; SCAT; ABUNDANCE; CAPTURE; LANDSCAPE; COYOTES; WOLVES; INFORMATION; EFFICIENT AB Context. Determining reliable estimates of carnivore population size and distributions are paramount for developing informed conservation and management plans. Traditionally, invasive sampling has been employed to monitor carnivores, but non-invasive sampling has the advantage of not needing to capture the animal and is generally less expensive. Faeces sampling is a common non-invasive sampling technique and future use is forecasted to increase due to the low costs and logistical ease of sampling, and more advanced techniques in landscape and conservation genetics. For many species, faeces sampling often occurs on or alongside roads. Despite the commonality of road-based faeces sampling, detectability issues are often not addressed. Aim. We sought to test whether faeces detection probabilities varied by species - coyote (Canis latrans) versus kit fox (Vulpes macrotis) - and to test whether road characteristics influenced faeces detection probabilities. Methods. We placed coyote and kit fox faeces along roads, quantified road characteristics, and then subsequently conducted 'blind' road-based faeces detection surveys in Utah during 2012 and 2013. Technicians that surveyed the faeces deposition transects had no knowledge of the locations of the placed faeces. Key results. Faeces detection probabilities for kit foxes and coyotes were 45% and 74%, respectively; larger faeces originated from coyotes and were more readily detected. Misidentification of placed faeces was rare and did not differ by species. The width of survey roads and the composition of a road's surface influenced detection probabilities. Conclusion. We identified factors that can influence faeces detection probabilities. Not accounting for variable detection probabilities of different species or not accounting for or reducing road-based variables influencing faeces detection probabilities could hamper reliable counts of mammalian faeces, and could potentially reduce precision of population estimates derived from road-based faeces deposition surveys. Implications. We recommend that wildlife researchers acknowledge and account for imperfect faeces detection probabilities during faecal sampling. Steps can be taken during study design to improve detection probabilities, and during the analysis phase to account for variable detection probabilities. C1 [Kluever, Bryan M.; Gese, Eric M.; Dempsey, Steven J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv,Wildlife Serv,Natl, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Kluever, BM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM klueverb@gmail.com FU Department of Defense, USA Army Dugway Proving Ground, Environmental Programs, Dugway, Utah; USA Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; Endangered Species Mitigation Fund of the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah FX Funding and logistical support was provided by the Department of Defense, USA Army Dugway Proving Ground, Environmental Programs, Dugway, Utah, and the USA Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. Additional funding was provided by the Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, and the Endangered Species Mitigation Fund of the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah. We thank R. Knight for providing continual support for the project, J. Fasig, W. Knowlton, W. Wright, C. Perkins, S. McEachin, J. DeCotis, and M. Richmond for field assistance, and R. Knight for review of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 19 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 EI 1448-5494 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2015 VL 42 IS 1 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1071/WR14244 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CN4XV UT WOS:000358434700009 ER PT B AU Suryawan, A Davis, TA AF Suryawan, Agus Davis, Teresa A. BE Rajendram, R Preedy, VR Patel, VB TI Enteral Leucine and Protein Synthesis in Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle SO BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACIDS IN CLINICAL NUTRITION, VOL 1 SE Nutrition and Health Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Skeletal muscle; Cardiac muscle; Protein synthesis; Leucine signaling; Amino acid transporters; Insulin signaling; mTORC1; Translation initiation factors; Neonate; Sarcopenia ID CHAIN AMINO-ACIDS; NEONATAL PIGS; TRANSLATION INITIATION; MTORC1 ACTIVATION; S6 KINASE; SUPPLEMENTATION; METABOLISM; RATS; STIMULATION; TURNOVER C1 [Suryawan, Agus; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM suryawan@bcm.edu; tdavis@bcm.edu NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-4939-1923-9; 978-1-4939-1922-2 J9 NUTR HEALTH SER JI Nutr. Health Ser. PY 2015 BP 197 EP 210 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1923-9_16 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-1923-9 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BD1EW UT WOS:000357985700017 ER PT J AU Ravva, SV Sarreal, CZ Cooley, MB AF Ravva, Subbarao V. Sarreal, Chester Z. Cooley, Michael B. TI Male-specific coliphages for source tracking fecal contamination in surface waters and prevalence of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in a major produce production region of the Central Coast of California SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; RNA COLIPHAGES; WASTE-WATER; RIVER WATER; F+-RNA; RT-PCR; BACTERIOPHAGES; MARKERS; ORIGIN; BACTEROIDALES AB To provide data for traditional trace-back studies from fork to farm, it is necessary to determine the environmental sources for Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli. We developed SYBR green based reverse-transcriptase PCR methods to determine the prevalence of F+ RNA coliphages (FRNA) as indicators of fecal contamination. Male-specific coliphages, determined using a single-agar overlay method, were prevalent in all surface waters sampled for 8 months. F+ DNA coliphages (FDNA) were predominant compared to FRNA in water samples from majority of sampling locations. Most (90%) of the FRNA were sourced to humans and originated from human-impacted sites. Members of genogroup III represented 77% of FRNA originated from human sources. Furthermore, 93% of FRNA sourced to animals were also detected in water samples from human-impacted sites. Eighty percent of all FRNA were isolated during the winter months indicating seasonality in prevalence. In contrast, FDNA were more prevalent during summer months. E. coli O157:H7 and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli were detected in water samples from locations predominantly influenced by agriculture. Owing to their scarcity, their numbers could not be correlated with the prevalence of FRNA or FDNA in water samples. Both coliform bacteria and generic E. coli from agricultural or human-impacted sites were similar in numbers and thus could not be used to determine the sources of fecal contamination. Data on the prevalence of male-specific coliphages may be invaluable for predicting the sources of fecal contamination and aid in developing methods to prevent enteric pathogen contamination from likely sources during produce production. C1 [Ravva, Subbarao V.; Sarreal, Chester Z.; Cooley, Michael B.] ARS, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Ravva, SV (reprint author), ARS, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. EM subbarao.ravva@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [5325-42000-046]; National Research Initiative Competitive Grant [2006-55212-16927]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2007-35212-18239] FX We thank Diana Carychao and Kimberley Nguyen for technical assistance. The work was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-046 and partly by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant nos 2006-55212-16927 and 2007-35212-18239 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PY 2015 VL 17 IS 7 BP 1249 EP 1256 DI 10.1039/c4em00537f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CM6JA UT WOS:000357793300005 PM 26018296 ER PT J AU Plundrich, NJ White, BL Dean, LL Davis, JP Foegeding, EA Lila, MA AF Plundrich, Nathalie J. White, Brittany L. Dean, Lisa L. Davis, Jack P. Foegeding, E. Allen Lila, Mary Ann TI Stability and immunogenicity of hypoallergenic peanut protein-polyphenol complexes during in vitro pepsin digestion SO FOOD & FUNCTION LA English DT Article ID IGE-BINDING EPITOPES; ARA H 1; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ORAL IMMUNOTHERAPY; GASTRIC DIGESTION; BLACK TEA; ALLERGENS; PROANTHOCYANIDINS; DEGRADATION AB Allergenic peanut proteins are relatively resistant to digestion, and if digested, metabolized peptides tend to remain large and immunoreactive, triggering allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. In this study, the stability of hypoallergenic peanut protein-polyphenol complexes was evaluated during simulated in vitro gastric digestion. When digested with pepsin, the basic subunit of the peanut allergen Ara h 3 was more rapidly hydrolyzed in peanut protein-cranberry or green tea polyphenol complexes compared to uncomplexed peanut flour. Ara h 2 was also hydrolyzed more quickly in the peanut protein-cranberry polyphenol complex than in uncomplexed peanut flour. Peptides from peanut protein-cranberry polyphenol complexes and peanut protein-green tea polyphenol complexes were substantially less immunoreactive (based on their capacity to bind to peanut-specific IgE from patient plasma) compared to peptides from uncomplexed peanut flour. These results suggest that peanut protein-polyphenol complexes may be less immunoreactive passing through the digestive tract in vivo, contributing to their attenuated allergenicity. C1 [Plundrich, Nathalie J.; Lila, Mary Ann] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. [White, Brittany L.; Dean, Lisa L.; Davis, Jack P.] ARS, USDA, Mkt Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Foegeding, E. Allen] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Plundrich, NJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Plants Human Hlth Inst, North Carolina Res Campus,600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. EM mlila@ncsu.edu FU Everett W. Byrd Endowment; NC State appropriations for North Carolina State University at Kannapolis FX We thank Ocean Spray (Lakeville-Middleboro, MA, USA), and QTrade Teas & Herbs (Cerritos, CA, USA) for providing plant material. We also thank the Golden Peanut Co. LLC (Alpharetta, GA, USA) for providing the light roasted 12% fat PN flour. This study was funded through the Everett W. Byrd Endowment and NC State appropriations for North Carolina State University at Kannapolis. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-6496 EI 2042-650X J9 FOOD FUNCT JI Food Funct. PY 2015 VL 6 IS 7 BP 2145 EP 2154 DI 10.1039/c5fo00162e PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA CM7TT UT WOS:000357900100004 PM 26007692 ER PT J AU Cendrero-Mateo, MP Carmo-Silva, AE Porcar-Castell, A Hamerlynck, EP Papuga, SA Moran, MS AF Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar Carmo-Silva, A. Elizabete Porcar-Castell, Albert Hamerlynck, Erik P. Papuga, Shirley A. Moran, M. Susan TI Dynamic response of plant chlorophyll fluorescence to light, water and nutrient availability SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; non-photochemical quenching; photosynthesis; water deficit ID THERMAL-ENERGY DISSIPATION; XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE; ELECTRON FLOW; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; REFLECTANCE; PHOTOPROTECTION; STRESS; LEAVES; CHLOROPLASTS; VARIABILITY AB Chlorophyll molecules absorb photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). The resulting excitation energy is dissipated by three competing pathways at the level of photosystem: (i) photochemistry (and, by extension, photosynthesis); (ii) regulated and constitutive thermal energy dissipation; and (iii) chlorophyll-a fluorescence (ChlF). Because the dynamics of photosynthesis modulate the regulated component of thermal energy dissipation (widely addressed as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)), the relationship between photosynthesis, NPQ and ChlF changes with water, nutrient and light availability. In this study we characterised the relationship between photosynthesis, NPQ and ChlF when conducting light-response curves of photosynthesis in plants growing under different water, nutrient and ambient light conditions. Our goals were to test whether ChlF and photosynthesis correlate in response to water and nutrient deficiency, and determine the optimum PAR level at which the correlation is maximal. Concurrent gas exchange and ChlF light-response curves were measured for Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz and Triticum durum (L.) Desf plants grown under (i) intermediate light growth chamber conditions, and (ii) high light environment field conditions respectively. Plant stress was induced by withdrawing water in the chamber experiment, and applying different nitrogen levels in the field experiment. Our study demonstrated that ChlF was able to track the variations in photosynthetic capacity in both experiments, and that the light level at which plants were grown was optimum for detecting both water and nutrient deficiency with ChlF. The decrease in photosynthesis was found to modulate ChlF via different mechanisms depending on the treatment: through the action of NPQ in response to water stress, or through the action of changes in leaf chlorophyll concentration in response to nitrogen deficiency. This study provides support for the use of remotely sensed ChlF as a proxy to monitor plant stress dynamics from space. C1 [Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar; Papuga, Shirley A.] Univ Arizona, Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Cendrero-Mateo, M. Pilar; Hamerlynck, Erik P.; Moran, M. Susan] USDA Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Carmo-Silva, A. Elizabete] USDA Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Porcar-Castell, Albert] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Papuga, Shirley A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Cendrero-Mateo, MP (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Bio & Geosci, Leo Brandt Str, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM p.cendrero@fz-juelich.de FU NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Science Definition Team [08-SMAPSDT08-0042]; USDA OECD; Academy of Finland [138884, 272041] FX The authors are in debt to Dr Michael E Salvucci (USDA-ARS, Maricopa, USA) for expert advice and help that allowed the experimental work conducted. We thank two anonymous reviewers for valuable and constructive comments. This research was supported in part by the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Science Definition Team (08-SMAPSDT08-0042) and is a result of a fellowship funded by the USDA OECD Co-operative Research Program. A P-C was funded by the Academy of Finland (Projects # 138884 and 272041). NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 16 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2015 VL 42 IS 8 BP 746 EP 757 DI 10.1071/FP15002 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CM7GN UT WOS:000357858900005 ER PT S AU Gomez, LE Lysandrou, M Vargas, R Dripps, JE Huang, XP Yadav, MR Venkata, NKB AF Gomez, L. E. Lysandrou, M. Vargas, R. Dripps, J. E. Huang, Xinpei Yadav, M. R. Venkata, N. Kumar Bobba BE Ravishankar, H Garg, N Mishra, M TI SPLAT-MAT (TM) Spinosad ME: a New Control Strategy for Bactrocera Species Attacking Mango SO GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON AUGMENTING PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION OF MANGO: BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESSES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Global Conference on Augmenting Production and Utilization of Mango - Biotic and Abiotic Stresses CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Lucknow, INDIA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE male annihilation technique (MAT); fruit fly pest management; oriental fruit fly; peach fruit fly ID FRUIT-FLIES DIPTERA; TEPHRITIDAE; PAKISTAN AB Bactrocera dorsalis, the Oriental fruit fly, and Bactrocera zonata, the peach fruit fly, are major insect pests of mango in many countries. Current control tactics include insecticide cover sprays, baits containing insecticides, and male annihilation techniques (MATs) that utilize pyrethroid and organophosphorus (OP) insecticides. Dow AgroSciences and ISCA Technologies have developed SPLAT-MAT Spinosad ME (now known as STATIC (TM) Spinosad ME); a novel, sprayable MAT technology that matches and exceeds the performance of existing pyrethroid and OP-based options. Spinosad, a green chemistry insecticide, is the toxicant and methyl eugenol (ME) is the attractant. SPLAT, an amorphous polymer mixture that acts as a passive dispenser, is the basis of the formulation. It protects the components from environmental degradation and meters release of the attractant and toxicant, making these effective for a longer period of time. SPLAT-MAT (TM) Spinosad ME attracts male fruit flies from long distances, making it suitable for off-crop applications and eliminating insecticide and attractant residues on fruit. SPLAT-MAT (TM) Spinosad ME was evaluated in Hawaii, USA, to assess residual control and rainfastness. SPLAT-MAT (TM) Spinosad ME and Min-U-Gel+naled+methyl eugenol were aged for up to 12 weeks, with average monthly rainfall of >150 mm during the trial period. Samples were exposed weekly to endemic B. dorsalis populations. SPLAT-MAT (TM) Spinosad ME had similar performance to Min-U-Gel+naled+methyl eugenol during the first 6 weeks and outperformed Min-U-Gel+naled+methyl eugenol from weeks 7 through 12. In field trials conducted in Pakistan, a single application of SPLAT-MAT (TM) Spinosad ME provided better control of B. zonata than 4 to 5 weekly cover sprays of Dipterex. SPLAT-MAT (TM) Spinosad ME is currently registered in the USA, and is being tested in other countries. The benefits of this novel, green chemistry-based MAT technology include reduced application costs, elimination of insecticide residues on fruit, increased marketable fruit, and reduction of infested fruit being transported to market. C1 [Gomez, L. E.; Dripps, J. E.] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Lysandrou, M.] Dow AgroSci, Lavrion, Greece. [Vargas, R.] USDA ARS, Hilo, HI USA. [Huang, Xinpei] Dow AgroSci, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Yadav, M. R.; Venkata, N. Kumar Bobba] Dow AgroSci, New Delhi, India. RP Gomez, LE (reprint author), Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-57-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1066 BP 161 EP 167 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1HJ UT WOS:000358017200019 ER PT S AU Wood, BW AF Wood, B. W. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Regulation of Vivipary in Pecan SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Carya illinoinensis; nutrient disorder; nitrate; fluridone; ABA; phytohormones; water; stress; nut; seed; germination; pre-germination ID SEED DEVELOPMENT; ABSCISIC-ACID; PREMATURE GERMINATION; MAIZE AB Crop loss to vivipary (i.e., germination of nuts on the tree) is potentially a major profit-limiting problem affecting yield and quality of nutmeats from certain pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] cultivars at certain locations. Improved orchard management tools and strategies are needed to avert major economic loss. Field research on 'Cheyenne' pecan assessed the possibility of controlling vivipary via supplemental irrigation and nitrogen (N) management. The incidence of vivipary on irrigated trees was 25-fold greater than that on non-irrigated trees, and incidence on trees receiving excessive N fertilization was 21-fold greater than that of trees not receiving N. There was a strong 'Irrigation x N' interaction, with trees receiving 'Irrigation + N' exhibiting 41-fold more vivipary than did 'Non-irrigated - N' trees. The incidence of vivipary in orchards therefore appears amenable to management via an appropriate irrigation and N fertilization strategy. Treatment of developing 'Oconee' fruit with (+/-)ABA [(2-cis, 4-trans)-5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienoic acid) or fluridone [1-methyl-3-phenyl)-5-3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl-4(1H)-pyridinone)], an inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis, reduced and increased the incidence of vivipary, respectively. Additionally, treatment of developing 'Sumner' fruit with fluridone reduces the germination time of harvested pecan nuts. This indicates that the influence of supplemental irrigation and N on incidence of vivipary is likely via alteration in ABA metabolism within developing fruit. C1 USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Wood, BW (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 33 EP 42 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300003 ER PT S AU Jenkins, J Wilson, B Grimwood, J Schmutz, J Grauke, LJ AF Jenkins, J. Wilson, B. Grimwood, J. Schmutz, J. Grauke, L. J. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Towards a Reference Pecan Genome Sequence SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE pecan; genome sequencing; polymorphism; SNPs ID FRAMEWORK AB The cost of generating DNA sequence data has declined dramatically over the previous 15 years as a result of the Human Genome Project and the potential applications of genome sequencing for human medicine. This cost reduction has generated renewed interest among crop breeding scientists in applying sequencing and new genomic tools to accelerate traditional breeding programs by both increasing the specificity of offspring selection and by better understanding the genetic material within a program to reduce breeding cycle times. Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is an important native tree nut crop with production that averaged over 130 metric tons (t)/y from 2010 to 2012, with farm gate value of over $ 600 million/y (NASS, 2013). Pecan trees have extended periods of juvenility before they begin to bear and the time from initial cross to release has averaged almost 30 years for the 29 pecan cultivars released by the USDA ARS Pecan Breeding Program. In order to assess the feasibility of applying genomic technologies to pecan improvement, we generated low-cost, short-read sequences for two pecan cultivars, the commonly planted cultivar 'Pawnee' and a Mexican derived accession named 87MX3-2.11. We assembled these sequences, and assessed genomic repeat content and polymorphism rate between the two haplotypes for each tree. We also identified SNPs and short indels within each of the two cultivars and between the two cultivars based on comparing this short read data to the reference assembly for 87MX3-2.11. Finally, we suggest a path forward for generating a reference pecan genome sequence as a platform for accelerating crop improvement, taking advantage of current genomic technologies. C1 [Jenkins, J.; Wilson, B.; Grimwood, J.; Schmutz, J.] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Grauke, L. J.] USDA ARS, Pecan Breeding & Genet, Somerville, TX USA. RP Jenkins, J (reprint author), HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 101 EP 108 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300011 ER PT S AU Grauke, LJ Klein, R Grusak, MA Klein, P AF Grauke, L. J. Klein, R. Grusak, M. A. Klein, P. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI The Forest and the Trees: Applications for Molecular Markers in the Repository and Pecan Breeding Program SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Carya illinoinensis; genetic diversity; cultivar identity; microsatellites; plastid markers ID CARYA; CULTIVARS; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE AB Inventory specific verification of accession identity is crucial to the function of the National Collection of Genetic Resources (NCGR) for Pecans and Hickories, and is an increasingly important component of the USDA ARS Pecan Breeding Program. The foundation of the NCGR is the living trees maintained in our orchards. Those trees are linked to historical records, physical vouchers, molecular profiles, and performance evaluations that provide a dynamic reference for domestic and international germplasm users, including future breeders. The mandate of the NCGR is to collect from "worldwide sources of wild species and domestic cultivars to provide for maximum genetic diversity in each genus". As molecular marker technology advances, it provides a window to the forest as well as to the trees, if appropriate samples are selected from the ex situ collection. Interspecific hybridization has been documented between sympatric populations of Carya species using simple molecular markers, providing evidence to identify introgression of genes that may have value in breeding while raising questions of regional patterns of adaptive diversity. Within the cultivar collection, those markers provide verification of identity and parentage that at times requires a reanalysis of historical records and impacts the potential use of accessions. The careful interpretation of molecular data may impact strategies for both the composition of germplasm collections and the direction of breeding programs. Case studies are presented highlighting recent work related to 'Major', 'Schley', 'Byrd' and USDA 1963-16-0182. Strategies of test design as well as marker development are addressed. Implications for domestic and international cooperation in both germplasm exchange and database utilization are noted. C1 [Grauke, L. J.; Klein, R.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Grusak, M. A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Klein, P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Grauke, LJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 109 EP 126 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300012 ER PT S AU Chaney, W Han, YH Rohla, C Monteros, MJ Grauke, LJ AF Chaney, W. Han, Yuanhong Rohla, C. Monteros, M. J. Grauke, L. J. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Developing Molecular Marker Resources for Pecan SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Carya illinoinensis; pecan; molecular markers; germplasm characterization; sequencing ID RESOLUTION MELTING ANALYSIS AB Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] is a long-lived diploid (2n=2x=32) tree species native to the Mississippi River Valley. Pecan has a complex inheritance pattern and high levels of heterozygosity. Thus, efforts aimed at characterizing the available germplasm resources to understand the existing genetic variation and opportunities for trait improvement in pecan could be accelerated with the availability of genomic tools. Although genomic resources in pecan lag behind other major species, progress is being made. We report here the results of initial collaborative efforts to develop molecular marker resources for pecan. The pecan cultivars evaluated in this study differ in nut characteristics, disease resistance and maturity. DNA from the cultivars 'Mahan', 'Wichita', 'Kanza' and 'Pawnee' (the most widely planted pecan cultivar) was extracted using a modified CTAB method. PCR was used to amplify genomic regions targeting EST sequences, conserved gene sequences in multiple plant species and simple sequence repeats. Our initial results demonstrate the feasibility of developing genomic resources for Carya spp. and provide the foundation for their utilization in germplasm characterization and identification of molecular markers linked to traits with practical value. Ultimately, the genomic resources generated could facilitate selection and implementation of molecular breeding approaches in pecan improvement programs. C1 [Chaney, W.; Han, Yuanhong; Rohla, C.; Monteros, M. J.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Grauke, L. J.] ARS, Pecan Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, Somerville, TX 77879 USA. RP Chaney, W (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 127 EP 132 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300013 ER PT S AU Thomas, AL Reid, WR Sauer, TJ AF Thomas, A. L. Reid, W. R. Sauer, T. J. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Establishment and Early Development of 'Kanza', 'Peruque', and Other Pecan Cultivars in Northern US Growing Regions SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Carya; grafted; nuts; Missouri; Arkansas ID FREEZE AB Most pecan (Carya illinoinensis) nut production in the northern range of the species (e.g., Missouri, Kansas) is from managed wild trees. Orchards of trees grafted to improved cultivars are slowly being established in the region as economic opportunities improve. Pecan cultivars that are potentially adapted to northern climates have not been thoroughly evaluated in the region. Two young grafted orchards in southwest Missouri and northwest Arkansas were evaluated for early growth and development. The Missouri site experienced severe freeze damage in October 2000, which significantly delayed nut production. 'Posey' and 'Kanza' have produced the largest trees at the Missouri site, whereas no differences in growth were observed between 'Kanza' and 'Peruque' in Arkansas. 'Kanza' initiated nut production earliest at both sites, and produced the highest yields in Missouri in 2012. While grafted pecan trees in northern regions may experience somewhat slower growth compared with trees in more southern climates, and may be susceptible to temperature anomalies, the trees in this study have performed well and are now entering full nut production. C1 [Thomas, A. L.] Univ Missouri, Southwest Res Ctr, Mt Vernon, MO 65712 USA. [Reid, W. R.] Kansas State Univ, Pecan Expt Field, Chetopa, KS USA. [Sauer, T. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. RP Thomas, AL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Southwest Res Ctr, Mt Vernon, MO 65712 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 143 EP 147 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300016 ER PT S AU Cottrell, TE Wood, BW Paulsen, CM Ni, X Ruberson, JR AF Cottrell, T. E. Wood, B. W. Paulsen, C. M. Ni, X. Ruberson, J. R. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Distribution of the Black Pecan Aphid on Pecan Leaf Surfaces: an Overview SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Monellia caryella; Monelliopsis pecanis; Melanocallis caryaefolia; Carya illinoinensis; enemy-free space ID MELANOCALLIS-CARYAEFOLIAE HOMOPTERA; ENEMY-FREE SPACE; MONELLIA-CARYELLA; HOST-PLANT; BLACKMARGINED APHID; HEMIPTERA; FOLIAGE; RESPONSES; COMPETITION; ABUNDANCE AB Three species of aphids regularly attack pecan, Carya illinoinensis, foliage. Two of them, i.e., the blackmargined aphid and the yellow pecan aphid, are predominantly distributed on the lower leaf surface, as are adults and nymphs of most tree-feeding aphid species. This surface provides aphids protection from rain, solar radiation, honeydew dropped by aphids on leaves above and the protruding leaf veins of the lower leaf surface protect from dislodgement by the movement and abrasion of other leaves. However, nymphs of the third species, i.e., black pecan aphid (BPA), do not follow this distribution pattern. Although adult BPA are mostly found on the lower surface, nymphs are distributed about equally between both leaf surfaces. BPA nymphs need to remain stationary to elicit chlorotic feeding lesions and this may explain their movement to the upper leaf surface. Natural enemies spending more time searching the lower surface coupled with BPA nymphs staying in one location to feed provides the best explanation for the observed distribution of BPA nymphs and adults. BPA nymphs that do not remain stationary to elicit chlorotic lesions face higher mortality (in the absence of predators), take longer to develop and result in smaller adults. Thus, BPA nymphs likely move to the upper leaf surface as a predator avoidance strategy. C1 [Cottrell, T. E.; Wood, B. W.] ARS, USDA, Southeastern Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Paulsen, C. M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ni, X.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res, Tifton, GA USA. [Ruberson, J. R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Cottrell, TE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southeastern Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. OI Ruberson, John/0000-0002-4475-8177 NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 159 EP 165 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300018 ER PT S AU Bock, CH Hotchkiss, MW Cottrell, TE Wood, BW AF Bock, C. H. Hotchkiss, M. W. Cottrell, T. E. Wood, B. W. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Disease Distribution and Fungicide Coverage in Pecan Trees SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE air-blast sprayer; Carya illinoinensis; pecan scab; integrated pest management ID FUSICLADIUM-EFFUSUM; SCAB AB Pecan scab (Fusicladium effusum G. Winter) is the major disease of pecan (Carya ilinoinensis) in the southeastern US, and severe epidemics on susceptible cultivars can result in complete yield loss. Anecdotal evidence indicates adequate scab control in the tops of tall trees in mature orchards is difficult, but no data exist demonstrating the levels of disease control achieved at different heights in the canopy when using conventional, ground-based air-blast sprayers. Experiments on 16-m-tall trees of cultivars 'Desirable' (2010, 2011) and 'Wichita' (2011) compared severity of scab at 5 heights (<5.0, 5.0-7.5, 7.5-10.0, 10.0-12.5 and >12.5 m above ground) on fungicide-treated and non-treated trees. There was a consistent, significant (P<0.0001) difference in severity of scab on fruit of treated and non-treated trees to a height of 10 m in early-August, which was also true in October (P<0.0001-0.04), six weeks after the last fungicide application. In additional experiments, spray coverage was studied using water-sensitive cards placed in the inner and outer canopy of mature pecan trees at 0.0, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.0 and 15.0 m above ground. Spray coverage was measured, using digital image analysis, as the percentage card area covered. There were spray coverage differences between the inner and outer canopy (P=0.05). Spray coverage was uniform up to 10 m, but at heights >10 m significantly less (P=0.0001) surface area was covered by spray. Thus, in trees receiving fungicide from an air-blast sprayer, disease is reduced in the lower canopy but there is little effect in the upper canopy. In fact the vertical distribution of spray reflected the height to which the severity of pecan scab was reduced. Trees in pecan orchards are often >10-15 m tall and older trees can reach >30 m, so to achieve adequate scab control additional aerial application of fungicide may be required. C1 [Bock, C. H.; Hotchkiss, M. W.; Cottrell, T. E.; Wood, B. W.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 171 EP 181 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300020 ER PT S AU Hummer, KE Postman, JD Preece, JE AF Hummer, K. E. Postman, J. D. Preece, J. E. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Managing Nut Genetic Resources under Disease Threat SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indigenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE butternut; butternut canker; Corylus; eastern filbert blight; filbert; germplasm; hazelnut; Juglans cinerea; thousand cankers disease ID EASTERN FILBERT BLIGHT; HAZELNUT AB The USDA ARS, National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) Corvallis, Oregon, is assigned to preserve genetic resources of hazelnuts (Corylus L.) and butternuts (Juglans cinerea L.). Both crops are threatened by fungal diseases. Hazelnuts are challenged by eastern filbert blight (EFB) (caused by Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Muller). Butternuts are challenged by butternut canker caused by (Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum Nair, Kostichka & Kuntz) and thousand cankers disease caused by (Geosmithia morbida). EFB is native in North America east of the Rocky Mountains, and spread to the Pacific Northwestern US, initially arriving in southern Washington State in the 1960s. By 2006, the disease had spread throughout Oregon's hazelnut production area, and by 2010, the disease was established within about 2.5 km of the NCGR genebank. The disease has not yet been observed in the NCGR field collection. Fungicide applications are made annually during the spring infection period. A backup planting of hazelnut core accessions was established in Parlier, California, far away from commercial production and EFB. About 10% of the hazelnut collection is preserved as in vitro cultures stored at 4 degrees C and dormant bud cryogenic storage is under research. The NCGR-Corvallis has shipped >2000 hazelnut samples during the past 18 years. Because the range of EFB is limited to North America, its presence in Oregon does not impact distribution within the United States. Import requirements vary from one country to another. The European Union has banned importation of Corylus from North America, even in vitro cultures of resistant cultivars. Oregon State University and NCGR developed microsatellite markers and used them to fingerprint cultivars and assess genetic diversity in the collection. The NCGR genebank continues to preserve world diversity of hazelnut genotypes and species. The butternut collection at the NCGR-Corvallis is outside of the range for butternut canker, which is found east of the Rocky Mountains. Thousand cankers disease is in Oregon but it has not been observed in the NCGR butternut collection. Secondary butternut collections are at the US Forest Service in West Lafayette, Indiana, or St. Paul, Minnesota. C1 [Hummer, K. E.; Postman, J. D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Preece, J. E.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, NCGR Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 193 EP 200 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300022 ER PT S AU Bock, CH Wood, BW Gottwald, TR AF Bock, C. H. Wood, B. W. Gottwald, T. R. BE Grauke, LJ Heerema, R TI Methods to Assess Pecan Scab SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PECANS AND OTHER CARYA IN INDIGENOUS AND MANAGED SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pecans and Other Carya in Indingenous and Managed Systems CY JUL 17-20, 2013 CL College Station, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE disease severity; Carya illinoinensis; pecan scab; integrated pest management ID HORSFALL-BARRATT SCALE; VISUAL ESTIMATION; CITRUS CANKER; RELIABILITY; SEVERITY; ACCURACY; SYMPTOMS; BLIGHT AB Pecan scab (Fusicladium effusum [G. Winter]) is the most important disease of pecan (Carya illinoinensis Koch.) in the US. Measuring the severity of scab accurately and reliably and providing data amenable to analysis using parametric statistics is important where treatments are being compared to minimize the risk of Type II errors (failure to reject the null hypothesis, H-0, when H-0 is false). The Horsfall-Barratt (H-B) category scale and its derivatives are commonly used to assess disease. Estimates using the H-B scale were compared to nearest percent estimate (NPEs) for rating scab severity on fruit valves. The true severity was measured using image analysis. Both inexperienced and experienced raters were included in the experiment. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (rho(c)) showed that agreement was variable among raters using NPEs (rho(c)=0.57-0.96), and when estimates were made using the H-B scale (rho(c)=0.59-0.98). Neither experienced nor inexperienced raters were consistently better using either method. However, a bootstrap analysis indicated that among experienced raters, precision (r) and agreement (rho(c)) were more often reduced when using the H-B scale compared to NPEs. Inter-rater reliability using the H-B scale was never better than NPEs. Regression analysis suggested that raters who were inherently fast in assessing disease with NPEs were often slower when using the H-B scale, but raters who were slow assessing with NPEs were faster using the H-B scale. Thus, there is no advantage in accuracy or reliability, nor a reduction in time when raters use a category rating scale compared to a continuous ratio-type scale to assess pecan scab, and in some cases category-scale estimates are inferior. C1 [Bock, C. H.; Wood, B. W.] USDA ARS SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS SEFTNRL, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-60-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1070 BP 211 EP 222 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1EX UT WOS:000357986300024 ER PT S AU Pethybridge, SJ Groom, T Groom, K Chung, B Van Essen, A Tait, R Hay, F Birch, C Frost, P Kohler, D Gent, DH Spurr, C Taylor, P Nicolas, M AF Pethybridge, S. J. Groom, T. Groom, K. Chung, B. Van Essen, A. Tait, R. Hay, F. Birch, C. Frost, P. Kohler, D. Gent, D. H. Spurr, C. Taylor, P. Nicolas, M. BE Chung, B TI Realizing Productivity Gains in the Australian Pyrethrum Industry through an Encapsulated Agricultural Research, Development and Extension Model SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PYRETHRUM, THE NATURAL INSECTICIDE: SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE RENEWAL OF A TRADITIONAL INDUSTRY SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Pyrethrum, The Natural Insecticide - Scientific and Industrial Developments in the Renewal of a Traditional Industry CY NOV 02-04, 2011 CL Launceston, AUSTRALIA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE diffusion theory; rural sociology; pyrethrum; agricultural extension ID FUNGICIDE-BASED MANAGEMENT; RAY BLIGHT DISEASE; ECONOMIC VARIABLES; EMPIRICAL-MODELS; TASMANIA; FIELDS AB Pyrethrum production in Australia owes much of its maturity to high quality investment in research and development, which was supported by Botanical Resources Australia Pty. Ltd. (BRA), the research and development levy paid by growers and BRA, and federal and state government funding agencies. Of equal importance to a history of well prioritized research and development is that the program has been underpinned by effective rural sociological principles and extension activities. The Agricultural Research, Development and Extension program of the industry currently involves the collaborative efforts of multiple research institutions with complementary expertise. The primary objective of the program is to increase productivity and persistence of crops with consequences of reduced variable costs and higher returns for growers. The program has an exceptional record of conducting and implementing outcomes from various applied research studies, ranging from rapid adoption of disease and weed management strategies to the development of superior varieties. This is, in part, due to the adoption of diffusion of innovations theory as the basis for the extension framework, utilizing a participatory educational approach. In this study we illustrate this approach with the adoption of management strategies for the fungal disease, ray blight. However, these methods are equally applicable to many other innovations that are being developed from this program, such as plant growth regulators. C1 [Pethybridge, S. J.; Groom, T.; Groom, K.; Chung, B.; Van Essen, A.; Tait, R.] Bot Resources Australia Pty Ltd, Ulverstone, Tas 7315, Australia. [Hay, F.; Birch, C.] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr Res, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. [Frost, P.; Kohler, D.] Peracto Pty Ltd, Devonport, Tas 7310, Australia. [Gent, D. H.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Spurr, C.] seedPurity Pty Ltd, Margate, Tas 7054, Australia. [Taylor, P.; Nicolas, M.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Land & Environm, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Pethybridge, SJ (reprint author), Bot Resources Australia Pty Ltd, POB 3251, Ulverstone, Tas 7315, Australia. OI Taylor, Paul/0000-0003-3076-2084 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-63-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1073 BP 57 EP 61 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1FG UT WOS:000357989500007 ER PT S AU Ravelonandro, M Briard, P Hily, JM Scorza, R Lomberk, D AF Ravelonandro, M. Briard, P. Hily, J. M. Scorza, R. Lomberk, D. BE Safarova, D TI Evaluation of Plum Pox Virus (PPV) CP and P1 Constructs on Sharka Resistance in Plum (Prunus domestica) SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLUM POX VIRUS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plum Pox Virus CY SEP 03-06, 2013 CL Olomouc, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE sharka; resistance; virus genes; transgenics ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; EXPRESSION; DISEASE; SIRNA; L. AB Genetically engineered Plum pox virus (PPV) (sharka) resistance was studied in the woody perennial Prunus domestica plum using transgenic plants harbouring a combination PPV-P1+PPV-coat protein (CP) gene construct. Resistance was studied in genetically engineered (GE) and control scions grafted onto GF 8.1 Prunus mariana rootstocks that were graft-inoculated with PPV. Early responses of the GE scions to PPV infection were similar and ranged from symptomless, to very mild symptoms, to the appearance of a few necrotic spots on leaves closest to the graft areas. While susceptible GE and non-GE control plants with time displayed systemic sharka symptoms, some clones displayed a high level of resistance similar to that seen in 'HoneySweet' plum. Molecular studies demonstrated that small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) produced by these plants play an important role in host defence in response to PPV. Regardless of the PPV-derived transgene insert, our results indicate that expression of PPV resistance in these transgenic plums is correlated with the accumulation of PPV-specific siRNAs derived from the transgene transcripts engineered into the plum genome. C1 [Ravelonandro, M.; Briard, P.; Hily, J. M.] INRA Bordeaux, UMR 1332, BFP, Virol, F-33882 Villenave Dornon, France. [Scorza, R.; Lomberk, D.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Ravelonandro, M (reprint author), INRA Bordeaux, UMR 1332, BFP, Virol, BP 81,CS20032, F-33882 Villenave Dornon, France. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-52-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1063 BP 63 EP 69 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HY UT WOS:000358036400007 ER PT S AU Barnes, J Whipker, B McCall, I Frantz, J AF Barnes, J. Whipker, B. McCall, I. Frantz, J. BE Carlile, WR TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Abutilon x hybridum 'Bella Yellow' SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON SOILLESS CULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference and Exhibition on Soilless Culture CY MAR 08-13, 2010 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE flowering maple; calcium; micronutrients; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; sulfur AB Abutilon x hybridum 'Bella Yellow' plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus mu M concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10x higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders is presented. C1 [Barnes, J.; Whipker, B.; McCall, I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Barnes, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-42-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1062 BP 29 EP 37 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1HW UT WOS:000358034200003 ER PT S AU Barnes, J Whipker, B McCall, I Frantz, J AF Barnes, J. Whipker, B. McCall, I. Frantz, J. BE Carlile, WR TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Dahlia x hybrida 'Maxi Morelia' SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON SOILLESS CULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference and Exhibition on Soilless Culture CY MAR 08-13, 2010 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE calcium; magnesium; micronutrients; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; sulfur AB Dahlia x hybrida 'Maxi Morelia' plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus mu M concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10x higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented. C1 [Barnes, J.; Whipker, B.; McCall, I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Barnes, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-42-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1062 BP 39 EP 47 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1HW UT WOS:000358034200004 ER PT S AU Barnes, J Whipker, B McCall, I Frantz, J AF Barnes, J. Whipker, B. McCall, I. Frantz, J. BE Carlile, WR TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Fuchsia x hybrida 'Gartenmeister Bonstedt' SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON SOILLESS CULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference and Exhibition on Soilless Culture CY MAR 08-13, 2010 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE calcium; magnesium; micronutrients; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; sulfur AB Fuchsia x hybrida 'Gartenmeister Bonstedt' plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph nutritional disorder symptoms. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus mu M concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10x higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders is presented. C1 [Barnes, J.; Whipker, B.; McCall, I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Barnes, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-42-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1062 BP 49 EP 57 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1HW UT WOS:000358034200005 ER PT S AU Barnes, J Whipker, B McCall, I Frantz, J AF Barnes, J. Whipker, B. McCall, I. Frantz, J. BE Carlile, WR TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Senecio cineraria 'Silver Mist' SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION ON SOILLESS CULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference and Exhibition on Soilless Culture CY MAR 08-13, 2010 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE dusty miller; calcium; magnesium; micronutrients; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; sulfur AB Senecio cineraria 'Silver Mist' plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph nutritional disorder symptoms. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus mu M concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10x higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented. C1 [Barnes, J.; Whipker, B.; McCall, I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Barnes, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-42-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1062 BP 59 EP 66 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1HW UT WOS:000358034200006 ER PT S AU Timilsina, S Jones, JB Potnis, N Goss, E Minsavage, GV Hong, JC Vallad, GE Kebede, M AF Timilsina, S. Jones, J. B. Potnis, N. Goss, E. Minsavage, G. V. Hong, J. C. Vallad, G. E. Kebede, M. BE Paret, ML Vallad, GE Zhang, S Jones, JB TI Multilocus Sequence Analysis of a Worldwide Collection of Xanthomonas Strains, Causing Bacterial Leaf Spot SO IV INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE MLSA; Xanthomonas spp. ID PHYLOGENETIC NETWORKS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MIXED MODELS; EVOLUTIONARY; TOMATO; PEPPER AB Four distinct Xanthomonas species are responsible for bacterial leaf spot of tomato. Eighteen Xanthomonas strains collected from different geographical locations around the world were characterized to determine their phylogenetic relationships to other xanthomonads based on multilocus sequence analysis of the lepA, lacF, fusA, gapA, gltA and gyrB house-keeping genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods provided congruent placement of the strains within their respective species. Strains of X. euvesicatoria originating from the United States, Barbados, Mexico and Australia showed the most variation between the amylolytic and non-amylolytic strains. Strains of X. vesicatoria originating from South America and New Zealand showed slight sequence variation, while X. perforans strains from Mexico, Thailand and the United States were highly conserved except for a recently isolated strain from pepper. Strains of X. gardneri isolated from Costa Rica and former Yugoslavia exhibited no sequence variation among the six characterized housekeeping genes. C1 [Timilsina, S.; Jones, J. B.; Potnis, N.; Goss, E.; Minsavage, G. V.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hong, J. C.] USDA, Agr Res Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Vallad, G. E.] Univ Florida, Gulf Coast Res & Educ Ctr, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. [Kebede, M.] Haramaya Univ, Sch Plant Sci, Dept Plant Pathol, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. RP Timilsina, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM gvallad@ufl.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-59-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1069 BP 27 EP 31 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HB UT WOS:000358011100002 ER PT S AU Adkins, S Webster, CG Mellinger, HC Frantz, G Turechek, WW McAvoy, E Reitz, SR Funderburk, JE AF Adkins, S. Webster, C. G. Mellinger, H. C. Frantz, G. Turechek, W. W. McAvoy, E. Reitz, S. R. Funderburk, J. E. BE Paret, ML Vallad, GE Zhang, S Jones, JB TI Detection and Characterization of Tomato Viruses: a Case Study of Emerging Tospoviruses in Florida SO IV INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Tospovirus; Groundnut ringspot virus; Tomato chlorotic stunt virus; Tomato spotted wilt virus AB A unique strain of Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV), which has undergone genome reassortment with, and contains the medium RNA segment of, Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) emerged in solanaceous vegetables in south Florida in late 2009. A typical (non-reassorted) strain of TCSV was reported from tomato in this same area in 2012. Identification of GRSV and TCSV in Florida extends the known distributions of these viruses beyond South America and South Africa. GRSV and TCSV are relatives of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), the original member of the Tospovirus genus of plant viruses. TSWV remains a serious economic limitation to the production of tomatoes, peppers and peanuts in the southeastern US more than 20 years after its appearance. Although TSWV is well-known to Florida tomato producers, scouts, extension personnel and scientists, GRSV and TCSV were relatively unknown until their recent detection in the US. C1 [Adkins, S.; Webster, C. G.; Turechek, W. W.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Mellinger, H. C.; Frantz, G.] Glades Crop Care Inc, Jupiter, FL 33458 USA. [McAvoy, E.] UF IFAS Hendry Cty Extens, Labelle, FL 33935 USA. [Reitz, S. R.] Oregon State Univ, Ontario, OR 97914 USA. [Funderburk, J. E.] Univ Florida, NFREC, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. RP Adkins, S (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM Scott.Adkins@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-59-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1069 BP 83 EP 85 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HB UT WOS:000358011100011 ER PT S AU Ling, KS Li, R Fei, Z Gao, S AF Ling, K. -S. Li, R. Fei, Z. Gao, S. BE Paret, ML Vallad, GE Zhang, S Jones, JB TI Understanding the Global Distribution of Tomato Viruses and Viroids Using Next-Generation Sequencing Technology SO IV INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE tomato; Solanum lycopersicum; virus; gene silencing; small RNA; next generation sequencing ID SMALL RNAS; DEEP; DISCOVERY AB Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), originated in South America, is one of the most widely grown vegetables in the world. The modern transportation system, the increasing global seed trade, and the off-shore hybrid seed production have created greater opportunities for potential broader geographic distribution of viruses and other pathogens in tomato and other crops. Although general virus detection tools (such as ELISA or PCR) for a number of tomato viruses are very useful, for the new or emerging viruses and viroids, such detection methods may not be available. Since there are more than 100 viruses infecting tomato plants, choosing which viruses to be tested is a challenging task. For new or emerging viruses without a prior knowledge, an effective management relies on timely identification and characterization of the causal agent(s) for the disease. In recent years, next-generation sequencing technologies have been applied for plant virus identification. One of the promising technologies is the deep sequencing and assembly of virus-derived small RNAs (sRNAs). In collaboration with seed companies, a new research project was initiated in 2012 to conduct a global survey of tomato viruses and viroids using deep sequencing of sRNAs. Several hundreds of samples have been collected in several major tomato seed producing countries around the world and nearly 100 sRNA libraries were generated and sequenced with the Illumina HiSeq system. We developed a bioinformatics pipeline for efficient identification of known and novel viruses and viroids, based on alignment and assembly of sRNA sequences. It is anticipated that a comprehensive tomato virus and viroid inventory will be developed and a general global virus distribution map will be generated. The success of this project will lead us to determine reasonable phytosanitary requirements, to conduct proper risk assessment, and to recommend suitable disease management strategies. C1 [Ling, K. -S.; Li, R.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Fei, Z.; Gao, S.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Z.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Ling, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Kai.Ling@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-59-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1069 BP 107 EP 112 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HB UT WOS:000358011100015 ER PT S AU Li, R Miller, SA Baysal-Gurel, F Ling, KS Kurowski, CJ AF Li, R. Miller, S. A. Baysal-Gurel, F. Ling, K. -S. Kurowski, C. J. BE Paret, ML Vallad, GE Zhang, S Jones, JB TI Evaluation of Disinfectants to Control Mechanical Transmission of Tomato Viruses and Viroids in Greenhouse Tomatoes SO IV INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE disinfectant; greenhouse tomatoes; PepMV; ToMV; PSTVd AB Greenhouse tomato production has increased significantly in recent years. The cultural practices and intensive hands-on activities implemented in protected culture tomato have created ideal conditions for a number of plant pathogens to be mechanically transmitted. In some situations disease outbreaks have occurred resulting in serious epidemics as well as growers taking on huge financial losses. Planting tomato seed which has been properly tested for the key seed-borne/seed transmitted pathogens is a very important prevention measure. However, mechanical transmission of pathogens during crop production is a critical point in disease management. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of disinfectants to prevent viral disease spread, using Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) as experiment targets. Evaluation was conducted through mechanical inoculation on tomato seedlings using 16 chemicals/commercial disinfectants. The exposure time between inocula and disinfectants was designed for 0-10 s (immediately after treatment), 30 s, and 60 s before inoculation. Infection rate was determined 3-6 weeks post inoculation through symptom observation and appropriate lab tests. Experiments were repeated 3-4 times for each pathogen. Preliminary results showed that (1) Clorox regular bleach, Virkon S, non-fat dry milk, Lysol cleaner, and Octave eliminated PepMV infection; (2) Clorox regular bleach, Virkon S, non-fat dry milk, Lysol cleaner and Menno-Ter Forte eliminated ToMV transmission; and (3) Clorox regular bleach, Virkon S, and non-fat dry milk degraded the PSTVd infectivity. Among those effective disinfectants for each pathogen, Virkon S, Clorox regular bleach, and nonfat dry milk eliminated both virus and viroid transmission. Additional trials are underway to evaluate the efficacy of disinfectants on treating cutting tools to prevent virus spread. C1 [Li, R.; Ling, K. -S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Miller, S. A.; Baysal-Gurel, F.] Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Kurowski, C. J.] Monsanto Co, Woodland, CA 95695 USA. RP Li, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Kai.Ling@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-59-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1069 BP 221 EP 227 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HB UT WOS:000358011100031 ER PT S AU Tyler-Julian, KA Funderburk, JE Olson, SM Paret, ML Webster, CG Adkins, S AF Tyler-Julian, K. A. Funderburk, J. E. Olson, S. M. Paret, M. L. Webster, C. G. Adkins, S. BE Paret, ML Vallad, GE Zhang, S Jones, JB TI A Stimulo-Deterrent Method of Thrips and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Management in Tomatoes SO IV INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE thrips; kaolin clay; reflective mulch; companion plants; Orius; push pull ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS THYSANOPTERA; POPULATION ABUNDANCE; DISEASES; TACTICS; KAOLIN; CROPS AB The western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) is an invasive thrips pest of tomatoes in the southeastern United States. This species causes crop loss to farmers by injuring fruits and vectoring Tomato spotted wilt virus. Previous attempts to control this species using calendar applications of broad-spectrum insecticides were ineffective. A new method of managing various pest insects in various crop systems has been developed: the push-pull or stimulo-deterrent method. The current study tested various combinations of ultraviolet-reflective and black mulches, applications of kaolin clay, and companion plantings of Spanish needle (Bidens alba) for thrips management in tomatoes in North Florida for two growing seasons. Kaolin clay, ultraviolet reflective mulch and companion plantings all reduced the numbers of thrips on the tomato plants. The companion plants attracted higher numbers of a thrips predator (minute pirate bug, Orius insidiosus) to the field than the tomato crop alone. Additionally, ultraviolet-reflective mulch and companion plantings reduced the incidence of Tomato spotted wilt virus in the field. The results of the study show that these combinations can be successfully used in a push-pull method of thrips and thrips-vectored disease management in tomatoes. C1 [Tyler-Julian, K. A.; Funderburk, J. E.; Olson, S. M.; Paret, M. L.] Univ Florida, North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [Webster, C. G.; Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Tyler-Julian, KA (reprint author), Univ Florida, North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. EM jef@ufl.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-59-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1069 BP 251 EP 258 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HB UT WOS:000358011100035 ER PT S AU Baysal-Gurel, F Kurowski, CJ Li, R Ling, KS Miller, SA AF Baysal-Gurel, F. Kurowski, C. J. Li, R. Ling, K. -S. Miller, S. A. BE Paret, ML Vallad, GE Zhang, S Jones, JB TI Developing Hygiene Protocols against Mechanically Transmitted Pathogens in Greenhouse Tomato Production Systems SO IV INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Solanum lycopersicum; disinfectant; Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis; Botrytis cinerea AB Greenhouse tomato propagation and production require intensive crop work that promotes the spread of mechanically transmitted pathogens (e.g., fungi, bacteria, viruses and viroids). Therefore, a clean seed program is very important to prevent any un-intentional introduction of seed-borne pathogens to a greenhouse. If an initial infection is established, these pathogens can spread quickly to other plants through numerous hands-on activities in crop handling, grafting, de-leafing, or fruit harvesting. To curb further spread of these devastating diseases, a number of common disinfectants are being used by tomato growers to disinfect cutting tools or in foot baths. However, the efficacy of these disinfectants against pathogens of tomato and other greenhouse-produced vegetables is not well documented. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of available disinfectants against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and Botrytis cinerea, the most problematic mechanically transmitted bacterial and fungal pathogens, respectively, in greenhouse-produced tomato. We determined the contact time required to kill Cmm and B. cinerea by commercial disinfectants in different chemical classes. Replicated in vitro experiments were conducted in which pure cultures of Cmm and B. cinerea were exposed to disinfectants for 1, 30 and 60 s, then 100 mu l aliquots were withdrawn, plated on appropriate media, and incubated at room temperature for 4-7 days. KleenGrow, Green-Shield, BioSide, Des-O-Germ, Menno Florades, Menno-Terforte and dilute Clorox killed Cmm and B. cinerea cultures at all exposure times. Additional trials are underway to determine effectiveness of these disinfectants in preventing plant-to-plant spread of Cmm and B. cinerea via cutting tools. C1 [Baysal-Gurel, F.; Miller, S. A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Kurowski, C. J.] Monsanto Vegetables, Woodland, CA 95695 USA. [Li, R.; Ling, K. -S.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Baysal-Gurel, F (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM gurel.2@osu.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-59-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1069 BP 275 EP 280 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BD1HB UT WOS:000358011100039 ER PT J AU Wong, DWS Takeoka, G Chan, VJ Liao, H Murakami, MT AF Wong, Dominic W. S. Takeoka, Gary Chan, Victor J. Liao, Hans Murakami, Mario T. TI Cloning of a Novel Feruloyl Esterase from Rumen Microbial Metagenome for Substantial Yield of Mono- and Diferulic Acids from Natural Substrates SO PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Arabinoxylan; ferulic acid; ferulic acid esterase; feruloyl esterase; metagenomics ID CELL WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; RELEASE; ENZYME; CLASSIFICATION; ENDOXYLANASES; ARABINOXYLAN; DEGRADATION; XYLANASE; BIOMASS AB A feruloyl esterase (FAE) gene was isolated from a rumen microbial metagenome, cloned into E. coli, and expressed in active form. The enzyme (RuFae4) was classified as a Type D feruloyl esterase based on its action on synthetic substrates and ability to release diferulates. The RuFae4 alone released ferulic acid (FA) and diferulic acid (diFA) from wheat insoluble arabinoxylan (WIA) and other natural substrates. The diFA released was confirmed by mass spectrometry. A maximum of 205 +/- 5.7 mu g FA and 0.84 +/- 0.1 mu g diFA were released (37 degrees C, pH 6.5, 2 hr) when a saturating amount of RuFae4 (23 nmole for 100 mg WIA) was used. These yields represent 48.3% of FA, and 6.6% of diFAs present in the WIA substrate. Addition of GH10 endoxylanase (EX) to RuFae4 both at 1 nmole concentrations increased the release of FA and diFAs by 17 and 10 fold, respectively. Addition of GH11 EX resulted in smaller increase in the amount of both FA and diFAs. Applying additive amount of the two enzymes did not lead to additive increase in the product yields, suggesting that it was primarily the GH10 enzyme contributing synergism to FA/diFA release in mixed reactions. C1 [Wong, Dominic W. S.; Takeoka, Gary; Chan, Victor J.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Liao, Hans] OPX Biotechnol, Boulder, CO USA. [Murakami, Mario T.] Natl Ctr Res Energy & Mat, Biosci Natl Lab, Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Wong, DWS (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Dominic.Wong@ars.usda.gov OI Murakami, Mario/0000-0002-0405-8010 NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 0929-8665 EI 1875-5305 J9 PROTEIN PEPTIDE LETT JI Protein Pept. Lett. PY 2015 VL 22 IS 8 BP 681 EP 688 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA CM8GU UT WOS:000357937700003 PM 25925773 ER PT J AU Shoop, SA Kestler, MA AF Shoop, Sally A. Kestler, Maureen A. TI Updating Side Friction Factors for Design of Unpaved Roads SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Traction coefficients are used in the calculations required for safe geometric road design, including stopping sight distance and horizontal curve alignment. Friction factors are based on traction coefficients for low-volume roads provided in the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (FS) Road Preconstruction Handbook and are also referenced by the AASHTO Guidelines for Geometric Design of Very Low-Volume Local Roads (ADT <= 400). These traction values are based on measurements from the 1950s to the 1970s. However, tire design, construction, and even test methods have changed considerably since then. To evaluate the validity of the design coefficients, and to determine replacement values or ranges, a literature search, data mining, and a limited test program were conducted by the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory and FS. This paper presents existing FS handbook values and design guidelines, updated values collected from the literature, and new measurements taken on gravel and snow-covered roads. For longitudinal friction traction, updated values are similar to the FS handbook values, except for asphalt and gravel, which has presented friction values up to 30% and 100% higher, respectively. Lateral traction shows even higher values for gravel and snow, being 2 to 2.5 times as high as the handbook's median values. Fortunately, these differences err on the side of safety. Future evaluations should consider the impact of the higher values on road design, operations, and economics to see whether a change is warranted. Testing of additional surfaces is recommended, as are measurements that use a wider range of tires and vehicles. C1 [Shoop, Sally A.] US Army Corps Engnineers, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Kestler, Maureen A.] US Forest Serv, San Dimas Technol & Dev Ctr, San Dimas, CA 91773 USA. RP Shoop, SA (reprint author), US Army Corps Engnineers, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Sally.a.shoop@usace.army.mil FU USDA Forest Service San Dimas Technology and Development Center; FHWA Federal Lands Highway Office Coordinated Technology Implementation Program FX This project was proposed by Marie Messing of the USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service San Dimas Technology and Development Center and the FHWA Federal Lands Highway Office Coordinated Technology Implementation Program. Field assistance was provided by Jesse Stanley, Andrew Franco, Kelley MacDonald, Charles Smith, and Bill Burch of CRREL. Insight into the nature of the problem and design methods was provided by Jeff Halbrook and Ervin Brooks of the USDA Forest Service. Discussions on similar testing in Canada were provided by Al Bradley of FPInnovations. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2015 IS 2472 BP 19 EP 28 DI 10.3141/2472-03 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA CM5WQ UT WOS:000357760100004 ER PT S AU Watkins, CB Gapper, NE Nock, JF Giovannoni, JJ Rudell, DA Leisso, R Lee, J Buchanan, D Mattheis, J Hertog, MLATM Nicolai, BM Johnston, J Schaffer, R AF Watkins, C. B. Gapper, N. E. Nock, J. F. Giovannoni, J. J. Rudell, D. A. Leisso, R. Lee, J. Buchanan, D. Mattheis, J. Hertog, M. L. A. T. M. Nicolai, B. M. Johnston, J. Schaffer, R. BE Amodio, ML Colelli, G TI Interactions between 1-MCP and Controlled Atmospheres on Quality and Storage Disorders of Fruits and Vegetables SO XI INTERNATIONAL CONTROLLED AND MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH CONFERENCE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Controlled and Modified Atmosphere Research Conference (CaMa) CY JUN 03-07, 2013 CL Trani, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE ethylene; 1-methylcyclopropene; 1-MCP; controlled atmosphere storage; modified atmosphere storage; quality; physiological disorders ID CHILLING INJURY SYMPTOMS; CARBON-DIOXIDE INJURY; 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE 1-MCP; SUPERFICIAL SCALD; EMPIRE APPLES; COLD-STORAGE; BANANA FRUIT; CO2 INJURY; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; SOFT SCALD AB The use of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to maintain quality attributes of horticultural products has been investigated extensively. Commercial applications of 1-MCP (SmartFresh (TM)), are made to a range of horticultural crops, including avocados, bananas, melons, persimmons and tomatoes, but the majority of 1-MCP use is for apples. Apples are commonly kept in controlled atmosphere (CA) storage, and while 1-MCP can maintain the quality of fruit in air, the most consistent responses to 1-MCP are obtained when 1-MCP treated fruit are maintained in CA. An interesting feature of 1-MCP is the extent to which its use has revealed the interactions between ethylene production and the development of physiological storage disorders in a variety of fruits and vegetables. This has been especially true for apples because of their susceptibility to a wide range of disorders arising at least in part because of the extended storage periods routinely used. Here we review the effects of 1-MCP on quality and physiological disorders of fruits and vegetables, including studies on the interactions of 1-MCP with CA and modified atmosphere (MA) storage. We also present an overview of an international project on genomics and metabolomics concerning interactions between external carbon dioxide injury and flesh browning in CA stored apple fruit. C1 [Watkins, C. B.; Gapper, N. E.; Nock, J. F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, J. J.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rudell, D. A.; Leisso, R.; Lee, J.; Buchanan, D.; Mattheis, J.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Hertog, M. L. A. T. M.; Nicolai, B. M.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, BIOSYST MeBioS, Flanders Ctr Postharvest Technol, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Johnston, J.; Schaffer, R.] Plant & Food Res, Auckland, New Zealand. RP Watkins, CB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI nicolai, bart/L-6129-2013; Johnston, Jason/D-5947-2016; OI nicolai, bart/0000-0001-5267-1920; Johnston, Jason/0000-0002-6326-4885; Hertog, Maarten/0000-0002-3840-5746 NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-62-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1071 BP 45 EP 58 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1FC UT WOS:000357988300003 ER PT S AU Deltsidis, AI Pliakoni, ED Baldwin, EA Bai, J Plotto, A Brecht, JK AF Deltsidis, A. I. Pliakoni, E. D. Baldwin, E. A. Bai, J. Plotto, A. Brecht, J. K. BE Amodio, ML Colelli, G TI Tomato Flavor Changes at Chilling and Non-Chilling Temperatures as Influenced by Controlled Atmospheres SO XI INTERNATIONAL CONTROLLED AND MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH CONFERENCE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Controlled and Modified Atmosphere Research Conference (CaMa) CY JUN 03-07, 2013 CL Trani, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Solanum lycopersicum; low oxygen storage; high carbon dioxide storage; aroma profile; chilling injury ID LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; STORAGE-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRONIC NOSE; AROMA VOLATILES; FRESH; QUALITY; INJURY; PERCEPTION; MATURITY; FRUIT AB Postharvest temperatures recommended as safe to avoid chilling injury (CI) based on lack of visible symptoms suppress tomato aroma development. We investigated how temperatures at or above the putative CI threshold of 12.5 degrees C affected aroma of pink 'Tasti Lee' tomatoes and if controlled atmosphere (CA) could overcome loss of shelf life at the higher temperatures without compromising aroma. Fruit were held for 10 days in air or CA. Aroma volatiles and other quality features were measured on days 0, 5, and 10 as well as after shelf life (2 days in air at 20 degrees C). Fruit at 15 and 18 degrees C ripened more uniformly during shelf life. 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one (MHO), a CI marker, increased at 18 degrees C and was lowest at 12.5 degrees C, and was also lower in CA than in air, even though its percentage of the total volatiles was higher in CA. Beta ionone, a volatile with very high log odor units, was also higher in air than in CA at all temperatures after D10. Geranyl acetone, which has a fruity aroma, and citral were higher at 18 degrees C followed by 15 and 12.5 degrees C on D10. Hexanal, a basic tomato aroma, increased over time at all temperatures. However, in CA its contribution as a percent of the total volatiles was higher than in air, indicating suppression of the other volatiles in CA. While CA reduced CI and extended shelf life, aroma was reduced, especially in more extreme CA, likely due to inhibition of ripening. C1 [Deltsidis, A. I.; Brecht, J. K.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pliakoni, E. D.] Kansas State Univ, Olathe, KS USA. [Baldwin, E. A.; Bai, J.; Plotto, A.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Deltsidis, AI (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM adeltsidis@ufl.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-62-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2015 VL 1071 BP 703 EP 709 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD1FC UT WOS:000357988300093 ER PT J AU Runyon, JB Hurley, RL AF Runyon, Justin B. Hurley, Richard L. TI A revision of the Nearctic species of Liancalus Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Nearctic; long-legged flies; Dolichopodidae; Hydrophorinae; wings; new species; courtship display ID LEGGED FLIES DIPTERA; GENUS; EMPIDOIDEA; CATALOG AB The genus Liancalus Loew is revised for the Nearctic Region. Seven species are documented from this region including two new species: Liancalus genualis Loew, L. hydrophilus Aldrich, L. limbatus Van Duzee, L. pterodactyl sp. n., L. querulus Osten Sacken, L. similis Aldrich, and L. sonorus sp. n. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: L. genualis, L. hydrophilus, L. querulus, and L. similis. The species are illustrated, a key to males and females is provided, and their distributions mapped. Adults of Liancalus are some of the largest species of Dolichopodidae and commonly occur on waterfalls and vertical seeps. C1 [Runyon, Justin B.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Runyon, Justin B.; Hurley, Richard L.] Montana State Univ, Montana Entomol Collect, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Runyon, JB (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1648 S 7th Ave, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM jrunyon@montana.edu NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 483 BP 97 EP 147 DI 10.3897/zookeys.483.9222 PG 51 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CM8HP UT WOS:000357940200004 PM 25755626 ER PT J AU Fay, PA Newingham, BA Polley, HW Morgan, JA LeCain, DR Nowak, RS Smith, SD AF Fay, Philip A. Newingham, Beth A. Polley, H. Wayne Morgan, Jack A. LeCain, Daniel R. Nowak, Robert S. Smith, Stanley D. TI Dominant plant taxa predict plant productivity responses to CO2 enrichment across precipitation and soil gradients SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article DE Central Plains grasslands; climate change; community change; Mojave Desert; primary productivity; rangelands; threshold responses ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ALTERS SPECIES COMPOSITION; MOJAVE DESERT SHRUBS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; WATER RELATIONS; GRASSLAND PRODUCTIVITY; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; NEVADA DESERT AB The Earth's atmosphere will continue to be enriched with carbon dioxide (CO2) over the coming century. Carbon dioxide enrichment often reduces leaf transpiration, which in water-limited ecosystems may increase soil water content, change species abundances and increase the productivity of plant communities. The effect of increased soil water on community productivity and community change may be greater in ecosystems with lower precipitation, or on coarser-textured soils, but responses are likely absent in deserts. We tested correlations among yearly increases in soil water content, community change and community plant productivity responses to CO2 enrichment in experiments in a mesic grassland with fine- to coarse-textured soils, a semi-arid grassland and a xeric shrubland. We found no correlation between CO2-caused changes in soil water content and changes in biomass of dominant plant taxa or total community aboveground biomass in either grassland type or on any soil in the mesic grassland (P > 0.60). Instead, increases in dominant taxa biomass explained up to 85 % of the increases in total community biomass under CO2 enrichment. The effect of community change on community productivity was stronger in the semi-arid grassland than in the mesic grassland, where community biomass change on one soil was not correlated with the change in either the soil water content or the dominant taxa. No sustained increases in soil water content or community productivity and no change in dominant plant taxa occurred in the xeric shrubland. Thus, community change was a crucial driver of community productivity responses to CO2 enrichment in the grasslands, but effects of soil water change on productivity were not evident in yearly responses to CO2 enrichment. Future research is necessary to isolate and clarify the mechanisms controlling the temporal and spatial variations in the linkages among soil water, community change and plant productivity responses to CO2 enrichment. C1 [Fay, Philip A.; Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Newingham, Beth A.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Morgan, Jack A.; LeCain, Daniel R.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Nowak, Robert S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci MS 186, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Smith, Stanley D.] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Fay, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM philip.fay@ars.usda.gov FU NSF-TECO [IBN-9524068]; NSF [DEB-9708596, 1021559, DEB-0212812]; NSF LTER [DEB-9350273]; USDA-ARS Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program, USDA-CSREES [2008-35107-18655]; US DOE NICCR [DE-SC0006973]; US DOE [DE-FG02-03ER63651]; Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station FX Mesic grassland experiments: USDA-ARS Climate Change, Soils & Emissions and Pasture, Forage and Rangeland Systems Programs. Semi-arid grassland experiments: NSF-TECO IBN-9524068), NSF (DEB-9708596, 1021559), the NSF LTER (DEB-9350273), USDA-ARS Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program, USDA-CSREES (2008-35107-18655), the US DOE NICCR (DE-SC0006973). Xeric shrubland experiments: US DOE (DE-FG02-03ER63651), NSF (DEB-0212812) and the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station. Opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. USDA is an Equal Opportunity Employer. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2015 VL 7 SI SI AR plv027 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plv027 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CM1CQ UT WOS:000357418000001 ER PT J AU Alvarado, MJ Lonsdale, CR Yokelson, RJ Akagi, SK Coe, H Craven, JS Fischer, EV McMeeking, GR Seinfeld, JH Soni, T Taylor, JW Weise, DR Wold, CE AF Alvarado, M. J. Lonsdale, C. R. Yokelson, R. J. Akagi, S. K. Coe, H. Craven, J. S. Fischer, E. V. McMeeking, G. R. Seinfeld, J. H. Soni, T. Taylor, J. W. Weise, D. R. Wold, C. E. TI Investigating the links between ozone and organic aerosol chemistry in a biomass burning plume from a prescribed fire in California chaparral SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; THERMODYNAMIC-EQUILIBRIUM MODEL; MASTER CHEMICAL MECHANISM; TROPICAL SOUTH-ATLANTIC; MASS-SPECTROMETER DATA; MCM V3 PART; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; TRACE GASES; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION AB Within minutes after emission, complex photochemistry in biomass burning smoke plumes can cause large changes in the concentrations of ozone (O-3) and organic aerosol (OA). Being able to understand and simulate this rapid chemical evolution under a wide variety of conditions is a critical part of forecasting the impact of these fires on air quality, atmospheric composition, and climate. Here we use version 2.1 of the Aerosol Simulation Program (ASP) to simulate the evolution of O-3 and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) within a young biomass burning smoke plume from the Williams prescribed fire in chaparral, which was sampled over California in November 2009. We demonstrate the use of a method for simultaneously accounting for the impact of the unidentified intermediate volatility, semi-volatile, and extremely low volatility organic compounds (here collectively called 'SVOCs') on the formation of OA (using the Volatility Basis Set - VBS) and O-3 (using the concept of mechanistic reactivity). We show that this method can successfully simulate the observations of O-3, OA, NOx, ethylene (C2H4), and OH to within measurement uncertainty using reasonable assumptions about the average chemistry of the unidentified SVOCs. These assumptions were (1) a reaction rate constant with OH of 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1); (2) a significant fraction (up to 50 %) of the RO2 + NO reaction resulted in fragmentation, rather than functionalization, of the parent SVOC; (3) 1.1 molecules of O-3 were formed for every molecule of SVOC that reacted; (4) 60 % of the OH that reacted with the unidentified non-methane organic compounds (NMOC) was regenerated as HO2; and (5) that 50 % of the NO that reacted with the SVOC peroxy radicals was lost, presumably to organic nitrate formation. Additional evidence for the fragmentation pathway is provided by the observed rate of formation of acetic acid (CH3COOH), which is consistent with our assumed fragmentation rate. However, the model overestimates peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation downwind by about 50 %, suggesting the need for further refinements to the chemistry. This method could provide a way for classifying different smoke plume observations in terms of the average chemistry of their SVOCs, and could be used to study how the chemistry of these compounds (and the O-3 and OA they form) varies between plumes. C1 [Alvarado, M. J.; Lonsdale, C. R.; Soni, T.] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Yokelson, R. J.; Akagi, S. K.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Coe, H.; Taylor, J. W.] Univ Manchester, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Craven, J. S.; Seinfeld, J. H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Fischer, E. V.; McMeeking, G. R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Weise, D. R.] US Forest Serv, PSW Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. [Wold, C. E.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, USDA, Missoula, MT USA. RP Alvarado, MJ (reprint author), Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. EM malvarad@aer.com RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; Fischer, Emily/K-7330-2015; OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; Fischer, Emily/0000-0001-8298-3669; Coe, Hugh/0000-0002-3264-1713; Taylor, Jonathan/0000-0002-2120-186X FU NSF [AGS-1144165, ATM-0513055, ATM-0936321]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [SI-1648, SI-1649]; California Institute of Technology [EP-11-117] FX The authors thank the anonymous reviewers and Manish Kumar Shrivastava of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for their helpful comments. This modeling work was funded by NSF grant number AGS-1144165 to M. J. Alvarado and C. R. Lonsdale of Atmospheric and Environmental Research (AER) and R. J. Yokelson of the University of Montana. Original sampling of the Williams fire was funded primarily by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) projects SI-1648 and SI-1649 and partially by NSF grants ATM-0513055 and ATM-0936321. The California Institute of Technology contributions were partially funded through Dreyfus Award EP-11-117 to J. S. Craven. NR 109 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 50 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2015 VL 15 IS 12 BP 6667 EP 6688 DI 10.5194/acp-15-6667-2015 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CL6ZC UT WOS:000357117500008 ER PT S AU Hughes, SR Riedmuller, SB AF Hughes, Stephen R. Riedmuller, Steven B. BE VanDenBerg, MA Maruthachalam, K TI Integrated Automation for Continuous High-Throughput Synthetic Chromosome Assembly and Transformation to Identify Improved Yeast Strains for Industrial Production of Biofuels and Bio-based Chemicals SO GENETIC TRANSFORMATION SYSTEMS IN FUNGI, VOL 2 SE Fungal Biology-US LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UV-C MUTAGENESIS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; KLUYVEROMYCES-MARXIANUS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; FERMENTATION; DNA; CONSTRUCTION; TEMPERATURE; BIOLOGY; DESIGN C1 [Hughes, Stephen R.] ARS, Renewable Product Technol, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Riedmuller, Steven B.] Hudson Robotics Inc, Springfield, NJ USA. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Product Technol, USDA, NCAUR, Room 1057,1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM stephen.hughes@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2198-7777 BN 978-3-319-10503-1; 978-3-319-10502-4 J9 FUNG BIOL-US PY 2015 BP 183 EP 199 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-10503-1_16 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-10503-1 PG 17 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA BD0NH UT WOS:000357407700017 ER PT J AU Teske, ME Thistle, HW Gross, GM Lawton, TCR Petersen, RL Funseth, TG AF Teske, M. E. Thistle, H. W. Gross, G. M. Lawton, T. C. R. Petersen, R. L. Funseth, T. G. TI EVALUATION OF THE WAKE OF AN AGRICULTURAL GROUND SPRAYER SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE AGDISP; Ground sprayer; Subscale model; Tractor wake; Wind tunnel ID DRIFT MODEL AB A subscale tractor and spray boom model was placed in a wind tunnel to determine the dominant air motions around and downwind of a "typical" ground sprayer. Velocity and turbulence levels (in three directions), generated by the presence of the subscale model, were measured and are presented and interpreted herein. The goal of this effort is to combine these measurements into a database that describes the full-scale wake of a tractor and spray boom combination, and then use the wake model to augment local atmospheric and surface effects to better predict the behavior of material released from nozzles on a spray boom during actual ground sprayer operation. C1 [Teske, M. E.] Continuum Dynam Inc, Ewing, NJ 08616 USA. [Thistle, H. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. [Gross, G. M.; Lawton, T. C. R.; Petersen, R. L.] CPP Inc, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Funseth, T. G.] John Deere Des Moines Works, Des Moines, IA USA. RP Teske, ME (reprint author), Continuum Dynam Inc, 34 Lexington Ave, Ewing, NJ 08616 USA. EM milt@continuum-dynamics.com NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 621 EP 628 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100010 ER PT J AU Zhang, Z Lan, Y Wu, P Han, W AF Zhang, Z. Lan, Y. Wu, P. Han, W. TI OPTIMUM MONITORING TIME FOR THE NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX OF CROPS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Atmospheric radiation; Monitoring time; NDVI; Temperature ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; YIELD ESTIMATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SATELLITE; REFLECTANCE; MODIS; NDVI; EFFICIENCY; CHINA AB Influenced by such factors as air temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and soil moisture, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for remote sensing of vegetation always changes dynamically within a day. Therefore, choosing the proper time to monitor the index is very important so as to minimize the effects of these factors. In this study, the NDVIs of soybean, cotton, pasture, regular grass, and weeds were measured with a GreenSeeker handheld NDVI sensor for six consecutive days. Furthermore, SPSS statistical software was used to test the differences in the NDVI values between different times for the five types of vegetation. The optimum monitoring time was determined as the period with minimum NDVI change by investigating the NDVI changes within a day and during the days after rainfall. The results showed that the most suitable time within a day for monitoring the NDVI was from 10:00 to 12:00 in the morning, and the best time was from 10:00 to 11:00. The most suitable time for monitoring the NDVI after saturating rainfall was from the 2nd day to the 4th day, and the best time was from the 3rd day to the 4th day. C1 [Zhang, Z.; Wu, P.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Water Resources & Architectural Engn, Yangling, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Z.; Wu, P.; Han, W.] Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Water Saving Agr Arid Area China, Yangling, Peoples R China. [Lan, Y.] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Lan, Y (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM ylan@tamu.edu FU Governmental Public Industry Research Special Funds for Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology [201301016]; National Key Technology R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology [2012BAH29B04]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund, Northwest AF University [QN2011132]; Open Research Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science [2012B095]; Chinese Jiangsu Province Cooperation and Innovation Center of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology [NZXT01201403] FX This research was supported by Governmental Public Industry Research Special Funds for Projects (201301016), and the National Key Technology R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2012BAH29B04-02), Chinese Universities Scientific Fund, Northwest A&F University (QN2011132), and funded by the Open Research Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science (2012B095) and by the Project (NZXT01201403) from Chinese Jiangsu Province Cooperation and Innovation Center of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 641 EP 647 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100012 ER PT J AU Modala, NR Ale, S Rajan, N Munster, CL DeLaune, PB Thorp, KR Nair, SS Barnes, EM AF Modala, N. R. Ale, S. Rajan, N. Munster, C. L. DeLaune, P. B. Thorp, K. R. Nair, S. S. Barnes, E. M. TI EVALUATION OF THE CSM-CROPGRO-COTTON MODEL FOR THE TEXAS ROLLING PLAINS REGION AND SIMULATION OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION STRATEGIES FOR INCREASING WATER USE EFFICIENCY SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Canopy height; Cotton; Crop growth model; Drought; Dry weather; Irrigation water savings; Leaf area index; Normal weather ID SYSTEM; MANAGEMENT; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; PARAMETERS; LEVEL; YIELD AB Cotton is one of the major crops cultivated in the Texas Rolling Plains region, and it is a major contributor to the regional economy. Cotton cultivation in this region is facing severe challenges due to an increase in the frequency of droughts and a projected decrease in rainfall in the future. Development and evaluation of deficit irrigation strategies for this region could potentially conserve water while maintaining cotton yields. In this study, the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) Cropping System Model (CSM) CROPGRO-Cotton was extensively tested and then used for evaluating various deficit irrigation strategies for this region. The model inputs were obtained from field experiments conducted at Chillicothe, Texas, during four growing seasons: 2008-2010 and 2012. The model was first calibrated using the data from a 100% evapotranspiration (ET) replacement irrigation scheduling experiment conducted in 2012 and then validated on three other irrigation scheduling treatments (75% ET replacement, soil moisture based, and tensiometer based) conducted in the same year. The model was further evaluated using the data from cotton tillage and irrigation experiments conducted in an adjacent field during 2008-2010. The model calibration, validation, and evaluation results were satisfactory except under dry conditions (0% ET replacement and 33% ET replacement). Simulated maximum seed cotton yields under normal and dry weather conditions were achieved at 100% and 110% ET replacement, respectively. Percentage decrease in seed cotton yield was marginal (3.5% to 8.8%) when the amount of irrigation water applied was decreased from 100% to 66% ET replacement under normal rainfall conditions. However, under less than normal rainfall (drier) conditions, the percentage decrease in seed cotton yield was substantial (about 17.5%) when the irrigation strategy was switched from 100% to 70% ET replacement. The simulations demonstrate that adopting deficit irrigation practices under normal weather conditions can conserve water without adversely affecting seed cotton yields. However, under dry conditions, there is a risk of increased yield loss, and therefore producers should consider that risk when adopting deficit irrigation strategies. C1 [Modala, N. R.; Munster, C. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Ale, S.; DeLaune, P. B.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. [Rajan, N.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Thorp, K. R.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Nair, S. S.] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Agr Sci & Engn Technol, Huntsville, TX 77340 USA. [Barnes, E. M.] Cotton Inc, Agr & Environm Res, Cary, NC USA. RP Ale, S (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res, POB 1658,11708 Highway 70 S, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. EM sriniale@ag.tamu.edu RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X FU Texas A&M AgriLife Research through the Cropping Systems Initiative; Cotton Incorporated FX We thank the Texas A&M AgriLife Research for funding this study through the Cropping Systems Initiative. We would also like to thank Cotton Incorporated for partially funding this research. We appreciate the valuable feedback provided by Karen Davis, Florence Davis, and Nancy Vazquez of the Texas A&M University Writing Center on an earlier version of the manuscript. We also thank three anonymous reviewers and the ASABE Associate Editor for their valuable comments. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 685 EP 696 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100015 ER PT J AU Ayadi, FY Cortus, EL Spiehs, MJ Miller, DN Djira, GD AF Ayadi, F. Y. Cortus, E. L. Spiehs, M. J. Miller, D. N. Djira, G. D. TI AMMONIA AND GREENHOUSE GAS CONCENTRATIONS AT SURFACES OF SIMULATED BEEF CATTLE BEDDED MANURE PACKS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Ammonia; Bedpack; Beef cattle manure; Deep-bedded system; Confined system; Emission; Greenhouse gases; Manure nutrient management ID WOOD-BASED MATERIALS; NITROUS-OXIDE; DAIRY-CATTLE; ODOROUS COMPOUNDS; METHANE PRODUCTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LIVESTOCK WASTE; FEEDLOT MANURE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; LIQUID MANURE AB Bedding is used in livestock operations to facilitate manure management and provide comfort for the animal. Our research objective was to determine differences in ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) concentrations from simulated beef cattle bedded manure packs (BP) related to storage length (0 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 9 weeks), bedding material (corn stover (CS) or soybean stubble (SB)), and temperature (10 degrees C or 40 degrees C). Bedding, fecal material, and urine were added weekly to 24 laboratory-scale BP (n = 2 per treatment combination). Static flux chamber samples from BP headspace were analyzed for CO2, N2O, and CH4 at 0, 24, 46, and 144 h and for NH3 at 0, 5, 9, 23, 34, 46, and 144 h after weekly manure and bedding addition for three consecutive weeks using a doubly repeated measures design. Ammonia concentrations were three times higher above BP in the Hot chamber (1190 ppm, SE = 47) compared to the Cold chamber (400 ppm, SE = 9). Average concentrations for CO2 (6033 ppm, SE = 211), CH4 (42 ppm, SE = 4), and N2O (0.61 ppm, SE = 0.05) were approximately twice as high at 40 degrees C as for CO2 (3902 ppm, SE = 161), CH4 (21 ppm, SE = 2), and N2O (0.39 ppm, SE = 0.03) at 10 degrees C. At 40 degrees C, NH3 concentrations above CS treatments (1388 ppm, SE = 75) were higher than above SB treatments (992 ppm, SE = 51). Overall, a higher storage temperature increased all gas concentrations. Increases in concentrations with length of storage were detected for CH4 and CO2, while bedding affected NH3 at 40 degrees C and impacted changes in increase for CH4 concentrations. These data suggest that seasonal management decisions can impact gas production and release in barns using BP. During hot months, NH3, CO2, CH4, and N2O concentrations are expected to increase and when applying CS as the bedding, NH3 concentrations will likely be higher with CS bedding compared with SB bedding. At temperatures around 10 degrees C, CO2 and CH4 concentrations are anticipated to increase with longer storage lengths. C1 [Ayadi, F. Y.; Cortus, E. L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Spiehs, M. J.] ARS, USDA, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Miller, D. N.] ARS, USDA, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA. [Djira, G. D.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Cortus, EL (reprint author), 1400 North Campus Dr,Box 2120, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM erin.cortus@sdstate.edu OI Miller, Daniel/0000-0003-3476-487X FU USDA-NCR-SARE Graduate Student Grant [GNC12-148] FX The authors would like to thank Alan Kruger, Carrie Mesiar, Sue Wise, Dale Janssen, and Jeff Waechter for their assistance in conducting the experiments and laboratory analysis. The assistance of Liz Edwards for the graphical presentation of the data is greatly appreciated. This research was supported by USDA-NCR-SARE Graduate Student Grant GNC12-148. NR 75 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 783 EP 795 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100022 ER PT J AU Ayadi, FY Spiehs, MJ Cortus, EL Miller, DN Djira, GD AF Ayadi, F. Y. Spiehs, M. J. Cortus, E. L. Miller, D. N. Djira, G. D. TI PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SIMULATED BEEF CATTLE BEDDED MANURE PACKS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Bedpack; Confined beef systems; Fertilizer; Manure; Manure nutrient management; NPK; Nutrient losses; Nutrient movement ID GREENHOUSE-GAS CONCENTRATIONS; WOOD-BASED MATERIALS; DENITRIFICATION RATES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LIVESTOCK WASTE; FEEDLOT MANURE; DAIRY-CATTLE; NITROGEN; SOIL; AMMONIA AB Manure including bedding material can be a valuable fertilizer, yet numerous, poorly characterized, environmental factors control its quality. The objective was to determine whether moisture content (MC), nutrient value (ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK)), short-term nitrification activity potential (NAP), and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) of simulated beef bedded manure packs (BP) were affected by temperature (10 degrees C or 40 degrees C), bedding type (corn stover or soybean stubble), storage time (age 0-3, 3-6, and 6-9 week), or sample depth. Thirty-six lab-scale BP were constructed (n = 3 per treatment) and then monitored over a threeweek period with fresh feces, urine, and bedding additions weekly. The 0-3, 3-6, and 6-9 week old BP were on average 8, 17, and 23 cm deep. All ages were sampled approximately 2 cm below the surface (top zones), 3-6 and 6-9 week old BP were sampled approximately 2 cm above the bottom (bottom zones), and 6-9 week old BP were sampled from the approximate middle. At 40 degrees C, TN (17.7 g kg(-1)) and DEA (0.95 mmol g(bedpack)(-1) h(-1)) were lower compared to TN (18.6 g kg(-1)) and DEA (3.01 mmol g(bedpack)(-1) h(-1)) at 10 degrees C. In contrast, NAP was higher at 40 degrees C (1.67 vs. 0.76 nmol g(bedpack)(-1) h(-1) at 10 degrees C). At 40 degrees C, TP and TK concentrations increased toward the bottom of the BP and were higher in these bottom zones (9.9 and 27.8 g kg(-1), respectively) than at 10 degrees C (7.2 and 23.0 g kg(-1), respectively). At 10 degrees C, NH4-N and TK concentrations increased with lower depth by 27% and 14%, respectively. At 40 degrees C, upper zones of 3-9 week old BP had lower MC (30% to 50%) than at 10 degrees C (48% to 70%); however, for both storage temperatures, bottom zones had similar MC (73%) and increased toward the bottom of BP. Additional interactions among factors were measured. Overall, temperature affected all properties, while most variables differed with age and sample depth. The findings suggest that management decisions on removal frequencies become more decisive in summer months with respect to the fertilizer value and the volume needed for bedded manure storage, while decisions on bedding material seem to be important year round. Nutrient sampling from top to the bottom of the bedded manure is important to ensure the accuracy of nutrient estimates. C1 [Ayadi, F. Y.; Cortus, E. L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Spiehs, M. J.] ARS, USDA, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Miller, D. N.] ARS, USDA, Agroecosyst Management Res, Lincoln, NE USA. [Djira, G. D.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Spiehs, MJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,Spur 18 D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mindy.spiehs@ars.usda.gov OI Miller, Daniel/0000-0003-3476-487X FU USDA-NCR-SARE Graduate Student Grant [GNC12-148] FX The authors would like to thank Alan Kruger, Carrie Mesiar, Sue Wise, Dale Janssen, and Jeff Waechter for assistance in conducting the experiments and laboratory analysis. The assistance of Liz Edwards in the graphical presentation of the data is greatly appreciated. We also would like to express our gratitude to the anonymous reviewer for valuable input, particularly on the statistical analyses. This research was supported by USDA-NCR-SARE Graduate Student Grant No. GNC12-148. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 797 EP 811 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100023 ER PT J AU Purswell, JL Branton, SL AF Purswell, J. L. Branton, S. L. TI EFFECT OF AIR VELOCITY ON LAYING HEN PERFORMANCE AND EGG QUALITY SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Heat stress; Poultry housing design; Ventilation ID HEAT-STRESS; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; HAUGH UNITS; SUPPLEMENTATION; DIETS; FEED AB Increasing convective cooling can improve the performance and thermal comfort of commercial poultry when weather or system design limit cooling through other means such as evaporative cooling. Previous work in young hens showed increased egg production rate as feed intake was maintained under heat stress conditions. However, the effects of increased convective cooling on live performance or egg quality in older hens have not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different air velocities on live performance of laying hens from 39 to 48 weeks of age and resultant egg quality. Air velocity treatments included still air, constant 0.76 m s(-1), and constant 1.52 m s(-1). The temperature and relative humidity in the experimental room were maintained at 27.8 degrees C and 82%, respectively. Two 10-week trials were conducted, with two replicate treatment units per trial, for a total of four replicate treatment units. Hens were obtained from a commercial farm, placed in wind tunnels, and provided feed and water ad libitum. Lighting was provided per primary breeder guidelines. Eggs were collected daily, and feed intake was assessed weekly; egg quality attributes including egg weight, albumen quality (Haugh unit score), incidence of meat and blood spots, and egg shell strength were measured twice weekly. Hen-day egg production increased 6.3% and 6.7% over still air for 0.76 and 1.52 m s(-1), respectively (p < 0.0001). Feed intake was significantly depressed for still air when compared to air velocity treatments (p < 0.0001). Mean egg weight increased with increasing air velocity and was significantly different for all treatments (p < 0.0001). Albumen height and quality (Haugh unit) decreased with increasing air velocity and were significantly different between the still air and 1.52 m s(-1) treatments (p < 0.0038). Shell breaking strength significantly decreased for the still air treatment (p < 0.0001) when compared to the air velocity treatments; shell breaking strength was not different between the 0.76 and 1.52 m s(-1) treatments. C1 [Purswell, J. L.; Branton, S. L.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Purswell, JL (reprint author), POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM joseph.purswell@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 813 EP 817 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100024 ER PT J AU Bonifacio, HF Rotz, CA Leytem, AB Waldrip, HM Todd, RW AF Bonifacio, H. F. Rotz, C. A. Leytem, A. B. Waldrip, H. M. Todd, R. W. TI PROCESS-BASED MODELING OF AMMONIA AND NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM OPEN-LOT BEEF AND DAIRY FACILITIES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Ammonia emission; Feedyard; IFSM; Nitrous oxide emission; Open lot; Process-based modeling ID GAS REDUCTION STRATEGIES; INVERSE-DISPERSION TECHNIQUE; CATTLE FEEDLOT; GREENHOUSE-GAS; PEDOTRANSFER FUNCTIONS; SPATIAL VARIATIONS; GENERALIZED-MODEL; SOUTHERN IDAHO; FARM SYSTEMS; ROW-CROP AB Airborne emissions, such as ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O), vary considerably among open-lot beef and dairy operations as influenced by climate and manure pack conditions. Because of the challenges with direct measurement, process-based modeling is a recommended approach for estimating airborne emissions from animal feeding operations, such as open lots. The Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM), a whole-farm simulation model for crop, dairy, and beef operations, was previously used (ver. 4.0) to simulate NH3 emissions from open lots and performed well in representing emissions for two beef cattle feedyards in Texas. However, the previous model was found to perform poorly in predicting NH3 emissions measured at two open-lot dairies in Idaho, so further work was done to better represent the effects of climate on lot and manure pack conditions and to integrate better models for nitrification and denitrification processes. The revised model (ver. 4.1) appropriately predicted NH3 emissions for the two Texas beef cattle feedyards, with model predictions having 59% and 81% agreement with measured daily emissions at each lot. Compared to the previous version, the revised model performed better in simulating NH3 emissions for the Idaho open-lot dairies, with 56% to 74% agreement between predicted and measured daily NH3 emissions. For an Idaho dairy with a freestall barn and open lot, the revised model simulated NH3 emissions with 92% agreement between predicted and measured values. Based on measurements obtained at two of the Idaho dairies, IFSM also predicted daily N2O emissions with good agreement (64% to 80%) to measured values. Hence, IFSM can be used to estimate open-lot emissions of NH3 and N2O along with other aspects of performance, environmental impact, and economics of cattle feeding operations in different climatic regions. The model provides a tool for evaluating management strategies to mitigate emissions and improve the sustainability of beef and dairy production systems. C1 [Bonifacio, H. F.; Rotz, C. A.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Leytem, A. B.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID USA. [Waldrip, H. M.; Todd, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX USA. RP Bonifacio, HF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PS&WMR, Curtin Rd,Bldg 3702, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM henry.bonifacio@ars.usda.gov FU United Dairymen of Idaho; U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation FX This research was funded in part by the United Dairymen of Idaho. Some of the meteorological data used in the simulation were obtained from the AgriMet program sponsored by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation. Cooperation of the dairy and beef producers is also acknowledged and appreciated. NR 85 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 827 EP 846 PG 20 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100026 ER PT J AU Bhadra, R Turner, AP Casada, ME Montross, MD Thompson, SA Boac, JM McNeill, SG Maghirang, RG AF Bhadra, R. Turner, A. P. Casada, M. E. Montross, M. D. Thompson, S. A. Boac, J. M. McNeill, S. G. Maghirang, R. G. TI PACK FACTOR MEASUREMENTS FOR CORN IN GRAIN STORAGE BINS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Commercial bin measurement; Corn; FSA; Laser distance meter; RMA; Steel and concrete bins; Stored grain pack factor; WPACKING ID BULK PROPERTIES; SPREADERS; FORCES AB Shelled yellow corn is commonly stored in concrete or corrugated steel bins. Granular materials compact under their own weight, primarily due to particle rearrangement, leading to an increase in bulk density and a change in volume when stored. Reliable grain pack factors are needed to estimate storage capacities and to accurately monitor grain inventories. A science-based model (WPACKING) of pack factors is available that uses the differential form of Janssen's equation and takes into account the variation in density caused by pressure variation with height and moisture content of the grain and accounts for the effects of grain type, test weight, bin geometry, and bin material. However, this model needs to be compared to field data over a wide range of conditions to ensure robust prediction accuracy. The objective of this research was to determine the field pack factors and bin capacities for on-farm and commercial bins used to store corn in the U.S. and compare them to predictions of the WPACKING program. Bin inventory measurements were conducted in concrete bins with depths up to 31.4 m (114.8 ft) and corrugated steel bins with diameters up to 32.8 m (156 ft). These values were also compared to the techniques used by the USDA Risk Management Agency (RMA) and the USDA Farm Service Agency, Warehouse Branch (FSA-W). The differences between predicted and reported mass were 4.54% (maximum underprediction) to + 4.53% (maximum overprediction) for WPACKING, -2.69% to 4.97% for the RMA method, and -3.33% to + 5.67% for the FSA-W method. The absolute average difference was lowest for the WPACKING model (0.90%) compared to the RMA and FSA-W methods (1.61% and 1.86%, respectively). WPACKING had less than half as many prediction differences above 1% (13 out of 51 bins) as did the RMA and FSA-W methods, which had 29 out of 51 and 33 out of 51, respectively. The RMA and FSA-W methods do not take into account the variations in pack factor due to bin type and moisture content of the stored grain. C1 [Bhadra, R.; Boac, J. M.; Maghirang, R. G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Turner, A. P.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [Casada, M. E.] ARS, USDA, CGAHR, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Montross, M. D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Lexington, KY USA. [Thompson, S. A.] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McNeill, S. G.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Princeton, KY USA. RP Casada, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CGAHR, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM mark.casada@ars.usda.gov FU USDA (CRIS) [5430-43440-007-00D]; Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station [15-404-J] FX The research was supported by the USDA (CRIS No. 5430-43440-007-00D) and by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station (Contribution No. 15-404-J). NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 879 EP 890 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CM1HE UT WOS:000357431100030 ER PT J AU Ducrocq, V Wiggans, G AF Ducrocq, Vincent Wiggans, George BE Garrick, DJ Ruvinsky, A TI Genetic Improvement of Dairy Cattle SO GENETICS OF CATTLE, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS; BODY CONDITION SCORE; GENOMIC PREDICTIONS; MILK-YIELD; BREEDING VALUES; GRANDDAUGHTER DESIGNS; REFERENCE POPULATION; SHORT-COMMUNICATION; MISSENSE MUTATION; SELECTION INDEXES C1 [Ducrocq, Vincent] INRA, UMR Genet Anim & Biol Integrat GABI 1313, Jouy En Josas, France. [Wiggans, George] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ducrocq, V (reprint author), INRA, UMR Genet Anim & Biol Integrat GABI 1313, Jouy En Josas, France. NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-221-5 PY 2015 BP 371 EP 396 D2 10.1079/9781780642215.0000 PG 26 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BC7WG UT WOS:000355231700016 ER PT J AU Oliveira, PTS Wendland, E Nearing, MA Scott, RL Rosolem, R da Rocha, HR AF Oliveira, P. T. S. Wendland, E. Nearing, M. A. Scott, R. L. Rosolem, R. da Rocha, H. R. TI The water balance components of undisturbed tropical woodlands in the Brazilian cerrado SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MODIS VEGETATION INDEXES; LAND-COVER CHANGE; EDDY COVARIANCE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ALGORITHM; RIPARIAN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; SOUTHERN AMAZON; FLUX TOWERS; RAINFALL; DYNAMICS AB Deforestation of the Brazilian cerrado region has caused major changes in hydrological processes. These changes in water balance components are still poorly understood but are important for making land management decisions in this region. To better understand pre-deforestation conditions, we determined the main components of the water balance for an undisturbed tropical woodland classified as 'cerrado sensu stricto denso'. We developed an empirical model to estimate actual evapotranspiration (ET) by using flux tower measurements and vegetation conditions inferred from the enhanced vegetation index and reference evapotranspiration. Canopy interception, throughfall, stemflow, surface runoff, and water table level were assessed from ground measurements. We used data from two cerrado sites, P, de Gigante (PDG) and Instituto Arruda Botelho (IAB). Flux tower data from the PDG site collected from 2001 to 2003 were used to develop the empirical model to estimate ET. The other hydrological processes were measured at the field scale between 2011 and 2014 at the IAB site. The empirical model showed significant agreement (R-2 = 0.73) with observed ET at the daily timescale. The average values of estimated ET at the IAB site ranged from 1.91 to 2.60 mm day(-1) for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Canopy interception ranged from 4 to 20 % and stemflow values were approximately 1 % of the gross precipitation. The average runoff coefficient was less than 1 %, while cerrado deforestation has the potential to increase that amount up to 20-fold. As relatively little excess water runs off (either by surface water or groundwater), the water storage may be estimated by the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration. Our results provide benchmark values of water balance dynamics in the undisturbed cerrado that will be useful to evaluate past and future land-cover and land-use changes for this region. C1 [Oliveira, P. T. S.; Wendland, E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Hydraul & Sanit Engn, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Oliveira, P. T. S.; Nearing, M. A.; Scott, R. L.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Rosolem, R.] Univ Bristol, Queens Sch Engn, Bristol, Avon, England. [da Rocha, H. R.] Univ Sao Paulo, IAG, Dept Ciencias Atmosfer, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Oliveira, PTS (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Hydraul & Sanit Engn, CxP 359, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. EM paulotarsoms@gmail.com RI Oliveira, Paulo Tarso/A-4187-2011; OI Oliveira, Paulo Tarso/0000-0003-2806-0083; Rosolem, Rafael/0000-0002-4914-692X; Wendland, Edson/0000-0003-3374-608X FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo - FAPESP [10/18788-5, 11/14273-3, 12/03764-9]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq [470846/2011-9] FX This study was supported by grants from the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo - FAPESP (10/18788-5, 11/14273-3 and 12/03764-9) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq (470846/2011-9). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We would like to thank the Arruda Botelho Institute (IAB) and Sao Jose farm, which allowed us to carry out this study in the native cerrado vegetation. Finally, we appreciate valuable comments and careful reviews from editors, and the anonymous reviewers who helped significantly to improve this manuscript. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2015 VL 19 IS 6 BP 2899 EP 2910 DI 10.5194/hess-19-2899-2015 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA CL7BQ UT WOS:000357125300025 ER PT J AU Apps, PJ Weldon, PJ Kramer, M AF Apps, Peter J. Weldon, Paul J. Kramer, Matthew TI Chemical signals in terrestrial vertebrates: search for design features SO NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS LA English DT Review ID THAMNOPHIS-SIRTALIS-PARIETALIS; MAJOR URINARY PROTEINS; BLACK-TAILED DEER; GERBIL MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; VOMERONASAL SENSORY NEURONS; HIGH OLFACTORY SENSITIVITY; HAMSTER VAGINAL DISCHARGE; RECEPTOR GENE REPERTOIRE; FEMALE ASIAN ELEPHANTS AB Covering: 1950 to 2015 We compiled a data set of the compounds that terrestrial vertebrates (amniotes) use to send chemical signals, and searched for relationships between signal compound properties and signal function. Overall, relationships were scarce and formed only small-scale patterns. Terrestrial vertebrate signalling compounds are invariably components of complex mixtures of compounds with diverse molecular weights and functionalities. Signal compounds with high molecular weights (MWs) and low vapour pressures, or that are bound to carrier proteins, are detected during direct contact with the source of the signal. Stable compounds with aromatic rings in their structures are more common in signals of social dominance, including territoriality. Aldehydes are emitted from the sender's body rather than from scent marks. Lipocalin pheromones and carriers have a limited range of MWs, possibly to reduce the metabolic costs of their biosynthesis. Design constraints that might channel signal chemistry into patterns have been relaxed by amniote behavior and biochemistry. Amniote olfaction has such a high sensitivity, wide range and narrow resolution that signal detection imposes no practical constraints on the structures of signalling molecules. Diverse metabolic pathways in amniotes and their microbial commensals produce a wide variety of compounds as chemical signals and as matrix compounds that free signal components from the constraints of stability, vapor pressure, species-specificity etc. that would otherwise constrain what types of compound operate optimally under different conditions. C1 [Apps, Peter J.] Botswana Predator Conservat Trust, Paul G Allen Family Fdn Lab Wildlife Chem, Maun, Botswana. [Weldon, Paul J.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, USDA, Stat Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Apps, PJ (reprint author), Botswana Predator Conservat Trust, Paul G Allen Family Fdn Lab Wildlife Chem, Private Bag X13, Maun, Botswana. EM peterjapps@gmail.com; weldonp@si.edu OI Apps, Peter/0000-0002-0129-9468 FU Paul G. Allen Family Foundation FX P. J. Apps was funded by the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, and by various private donors through Wild Entrust International and Tusk Trust. A. C. Alberts and G. M. Burghardt commented on an earlier draft of the manuscript. A. Sherman prepared the chemical structures. S. F. Cummings, C. Dentler, S. Schulz and N. Triggs provided valuable references. NR 264 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 12 U2 37 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0265-0568 EI 1460-4752 J9 NAT PROD REP JI Nat. Prod. Rep. PY 2015 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1131 EP 1153 DI 10.1039/c5np00029g PG 23 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA CL4YM UT WOS:000356964400013 PM 26100000 ER PT J AU Govarthanan, M Park, SH Park, YJ Myung, H Krishnamurthy, RR Lee, SH Lovanh, N Kamala-Kannan, S Oh, BT AF Govarthanan, Muthusamy Park, Sung-Hee Park, Yool-Jin Myung, Hyun Krishnamurthy, R. R. Lee, Sang-Hyun Lovanh, Nanh Kamala-Kannan, Seralathan Oh, Byung-Taek TI Lead biotransformation potential of allochthonous Bacillus sp SKK11 with sesame oil cake extract in mine soil SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED SOIL; HEAVY-METALS; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITIES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; BIOAUGMENTATION; BIOREMEDIATION; BACTERIA; PB; CD; BIOSTIMULATION AB The potential of allochthonous Bacillus sp. SKK11 and sesame oil cake extract for the immobilization of Pb in mine soil was investigated in this study. The isolate SKK11, isolated from a brackish environment and identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial 16S rDNA sequencing, exhibited maximum resistance to Pb (750 mg L-1). Growth kinetic studies revealed that the presence of oil cake extract (2%) increased the biomass of the isolate SKK11. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies showed that isolate SKK11 transformed Pb either intracellularly or extracellularly. Selective sequential extraction studies showed that the bioremediation decreased 24.9% of the exchangeable fraction in the mine soil in 3 days. However, 75.1% of the exchangeable fraction was not immobilized in the soil. An X-ray diffractogram of the bioremediated soil showed a major decrease (79.0%) in the intensity of the plagioclase mineral peak. Urease, dehydrogenase, amylase, invertase, cellulase, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities were increased in the bioremediated mine soil. These results suggest that the isolate Bacillus sp. SKK11 in combination with sesame oil cake extract could be employed for the immobilization of bioavailable Pb in contaminated soil. C1 [Govarthanan, Muthusamy; Kamala-Kannan, Seralathan; Oh, Byung-Taek] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Coll Environm & Bioresource Sci, Div Biotechnol, Adv Inst Environm & Biosci, Iksan 570752, South Korea. [Park, Sung-Hee] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, Jeonju 561756, Jeonbuk, South Korea. [Park, Yool-Jin; Myung, Hyun] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Coll Environm & Bioresource Sci, Dept Ecol Landscape Architecture Design, Iksan 570752, South Korea. [Krishnamurthy, R. R.] Univ Madras, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Dept Appl Geol, Madras 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. [Lee, Sang-Hyun] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Forest Environm Sci, Jeonju 561756, South Korea. [Lovanh, Nanh] USDA ARS, AWMRU, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Kamala-Kannan, S (reprint author), Chonbuk Natl Univ, Coll Environm & Bioresource Sci, Div Biotechnol, Adv Inst Environm & Biosci, Iksan 570752, South Korea. EM kannan@jbnu.ac.kr; btoh@jbnu.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant - government (MEST) [2011-0020202] FX This research work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the government (MEST; no. 2011-0020202). NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2015 VL 5 IS 67 BP 54564 EP 54570 DI 10.1039/c5ra06945a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CL3QN UT WOS:000356865500074 ER PT S AU Chao, K Dhakal, S Qin, JW Kim, MS Peng, YK Schmidt, WF AF Chao, Kuanglin Dhakal, Sagar Qin, Jianwei Kim, Moon S. Peng, Yankun Schmidt, Walter F. BE Kim, MS Chao, K Chin, BA TI Depth of Penetration of a 785nm Wavelength Laser in Food Powders SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VII CY APR 21-22, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Raman spectroscopy; chemical contaminants; depth of laser penetration; quantitative analysis ID HYPERSPECTRAL SCATTERING; FRUIT FIRMNESS AB Raman spectroscopy is a useful, rapid, and non-destructive method for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation of chemical composition. However it is important to measure the depth of penetration of the laser light to ensure that chemical particles at the very bottom of a sample volume is detected by Raman system. The aim of this study was to investigate the penetration depth of a 785nm laser (maximum power output 400mw) into three different food powders, namely dry milk powder, corn starch, and wheat flour. The food powders were layered in 5 depths between 1 and 5 mm overtop a Petri dish packed with melamine. Melamine was used as the subsurface reference material for measurement because melamine exhibits known and identifiable Raman spectral peaks. Analysis of the sample spectra for characteristics of melamine and characteristics of milk, starch and flour allowed determination of the effective penetration depth of the laser light in the samples. Three laser intensities (100, 200 and 300mw) were used to study the effect of laser intensity to depth of penetration. It was observed that 785nm laser source was able to easily penetrate through every point in all three food samples types at 1mm depth. However, the number of points that the laser could penetrate decreased with increasing depth of the food powder. ANOVA test was carried out to study the significant effect of laser intensity to depth of penetration. It was observed that laser intensity significantly influences the depth of penetration. The outcome of this study will be used in our next phase of study to detect different chemical contaminants in food powders and develop quantitative analysis models for detection of chemical contaminants. C1 [Chao, Kuanglin; Dhakal, Sagar; Qin, Jianwei; Kim, Moon S.; Schmidt, Walter F.] ARS, USDA, EMFSL, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Peng, Yankun] China Agr Univ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Chao, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EMFSL, BARC East, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-604-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9488 AR 94880U DI 10.1117/12.2177000 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics GA BD0EA UT WOS:000357093100019 ER PT S AU Dhakal, S Chao, KL Qin, JW Kim, MS AF Dhakal, Sagar Chao, Kuanglin Qin, Jianwei Kim, Moon S. BE Kim, MS Chao, K Chin, BA TI Raman-Spectroscopy-Based Chemical Contaminant Detection in Milk Powder SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VII CY APR 21-22, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Quantitative analysis; Raman; melamine-milk mixture; food powder; spatial resolution; sample depth AB Addition of edible and inedible chemical contaminants in food powders for purposes of economic benefit has become a recurring trend. In recent years, severe health issues have been reported due to consumption of food powders contaminated with chemical substances. This study examines the effect of spatial resolution used during spectral collection to select the optimal spatial resolution for detecting melamine in milk powder. Sample depth of 2mm, laser intensity of 200mw, and exposure time of 0.1s were previously determined as optimal experimental parameters for Raman imaging. Spatial resolution of 0.25mm was determined as the optimal resolution for acquiring spectral signal of melamine particles from a milk-melamine mixture sample. Using the optimal resolution of 0.25mm, sample depth of 2mm and laser intensity of 200mw obtained from previous study, spectral signal from 5 different concentration of milk-melamine mixture (1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, and 0.025%) were acquired to study the relationship between number of detected melamine pixels and corresponding sample concentration. The result shows that melamine concentration has a linear relation with detected number of melamine pixels with correlation coefficient of 0.99. It can be concluded that the quantitative analysis of powder mixture is dependent on many factors including physical characteristics of mixture, experimental parameters, and sample depth. The results obtained in this study are promising. We plan to apply the result obtained from this study to develop quantitative detection model for rapid screening of melamine in milk powder. This methodology can also be used for detection of other chemical contaminants in milk powders. C1 [Dhakal, Sagar; Chao, Kuanglin; Qin, Jianwei; Kim, Moon S.] ARS, USDA, EMFSL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chao, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EMFSL, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-604-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9488 AR 94880E DI 10.1117/12.2176989 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics GA BD0EA UT WOS:000357093100008 ER PT S AU Qin, JW Chao, KL Kim, MS AF Qin, Jianwei Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. BE Kim, MS Chao, K Chin, BA TI Screening of Adulterants in Powdered Foods and Ingredients using Line-Scan Raman Chemical Imaging SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VII CY APR 21-22, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Raman spectroscopy; Chemical imaging; Milk; Flour; Starch; Adulteration; Food safety ID QUALITY; SAFETY AB A newly developed line-scan Raman imaging system using a 785 nm line laser was used to authenticate powdered foods and ingredients. The system was used to collect hyperspectral Raman images in a wavenumber range of 102-2865 cm(-1) from three representative food powders mixed with selected adulterants with a concentration of 0.5%, including milk and melamine, flour and benzoyl peroxide, and starch and maleic anhydride. An acoustic mixer was used to create food-adulterant mixtures. All the mixed samples were placed in sample holders with a surface area of 50 mmx50 mm. Spectral and image processing algorithms were developed based on single-band images at unique Raman peaks of the individual adulterants. Chemical images were created to show identification, spatial distribution, and morphological features of the adulterant particles mixed in the food powders. The potential of estimating mass concentrations of the adulterants using the percentages of the adulterant pixels in the chemical images was also demonstrated. C1 [Qin, Jianwei; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Qin, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jianwei.qin@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-604-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9488 AR 94880F DI 10.1117/12.2176562 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics GA BD0EA UT WOS:000357093100009 ER PT S AU Yang, CC Garrido-Novell, C Perez-Marin, D Guerrero-Ginel, JE Garrido-Varo, A Kim, MS AF Yang, Chun-Chieh Garrido-Novell, Cristobal Perez-Marin, Dolores Guerrero-Ginel, Jose E. Garrido-Varo, Ana Kim, Moon S. BE Kim, MS Chao, K Chin, BA TI Chemometric Analysis for Near-Infrared Spectral Detection of Beef In Fish Meal SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VII CY APR 21-22, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE chemometrics; near-infrared; hyperspectral image; line-scan; beef; fish AB This paper reports the chemometric analysis of near-infrared spectra drawn from hyperspectral images to develop, evaluate, and compare statistical models for the detection of beef in fish meal. There were 40 pure-fish meal samples, 15 pure-beef meal samples, and 127 fish/beef mixture meal samples prepared for hyperspectral line-scan imaging by a machine vision system. Spectral data for 3600 pixels per sample, in which individual spectra was obtain, were retrieved from the region of interest (ROI) in every sample image. The spectral data spanning 969 nm to 1551 nm (across 176 spectral bands) were analyzed. Statistical models were built using the principal component analysis (PCA) and the partial least squares regression (PLSR) methods. The models were created and developed using the spectral data from the pure-fish meal and pure-beef meal samples, and were tested and evaluated using the data from the ROI in the mixture meal samples. The results showed that, with a ROI as large as 3600 pixels to cover sufficient area of a mixture meal sample, the success detection rate of beef in fish meal could be satisfactory 99.2% by PCA and 98.4% by PLSR. C1 [Yang, Chun-Chieh; Kim, Moon S.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Garrido-Novell, Cristobal; Perez-Marin, Dolores; Guerrero-Ginel, Jose E.; Garrido-Varo, Ana] Univ Cordoba, Nondestruct Spectral Sensors Unit, Fac Agr & Forestry Engn, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. RP Yang, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-604-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9488 AR 94880I DI 10.1117/12.2178331 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics GA BD0EA UT WOS:000357093100011 ER PT S AU Zhai, C Li, YY Peng, YK Xu, TF Dhakal, S Chao, KL Qin, JW AF Zhai, Chen Li, Yongyu Peng, Yankun Xu, Tianfeng Dhakal, Sagar Chao, Kuanglin Qin, Jianwei BE Kim, MS Chao, K Chin, BA TI Research on identification and determination of mixed pesticides in apples using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VII CY APR 21-22, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Surface enhancement Raman spectroscopy; mixed pesticide; identification; silver colloid ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SCATTERING; RESIDUES AB Residual pesticides in fruits and vegetables have become one of the major food safety concerns around the world. At present, routine analytical methods used for the determination of pesticide residue on the surface of fruits and vegetables are destructive, complex, time-consuming, high cost and not environmentally friendly. In this study, a novel Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) method with silver colloid was developed for fast and sensitive nondestructive detection of residual pesticides in fruits and vegetables by using a self-developed Raman system. SERS technology is a combination of Raman spectroscopy and nanotechnology. SERS can greatly enhance the Raman signal intensity, achieve single-molecule detection, and has a simple sample pre-treatment characteristic of high sensitivity and no damage; in recent years it has begun to be used in food safety testing research. In this study a rapid and sensitive method was developed to identify and analyze mixed pesticides of chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin and acetamiprid in apple samples by SERS. Silver colloid was used for SERS measurement by hydroxylamine hydrochloride reduced. The advantages of this method are seen in its fast preparation at room temperature, good reproducibility and immediate applicability. Raman spectrum is highly interfered by noise signals and fluorescence background, which make it too complex to get good result. In this study the noise signals and fluorescence background were removed by Savitzky-Golay filter and min-max signal adaptive zooming method. Under optimal conditions, pesticide residues in apple samples can be detected by SERS at 0.005 mu g/cm(2) and 0.002 mu g/cm(2) for individual acetamiprid and thiram, respectively. When mixing the two pesticides at low concentrations, their characteristic peaks can still be identified from the SERS spectrum of the mixture. Based on the synthesized material and its application in SERS operation, the method represents an ultrasensitive SERS performance in apple samples detection without sample pre-treatment, which indicates that it could be served as a useful means in monitoring pesticide residues. C1 [Zhai, Chen; Li, Yongyu; Peng, Yankun; Xu, Tianfeng; Dhakal, Sagar] China Agr Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Agroproc Equipment, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Chao, Kuanglin; Qin, Jianwei] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhai, C (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Agroproc Equipment, 17 Qinghua E Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM ypeng@cau.edu.cn NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 32 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-604-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9488 AR 94880R DI 10.1117/12.2176829 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics GA BD0EA UT WOS:000357093100016 ER PT S AU Zhao, J Peng, YK Chao, KL Qin, JW Dhakal, S Xu, TF AF Zhao, Juan Peng, Yankun Chao, Kuanglin Qin, Jianwei Dhakal, Sagar Xu, Tianfeng BE Kim, MS Chao, K Chin, BA TI Rapid detection of benzoyl peroxide in wheat flour by using Raman scattering spectroscopy SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VII CY APR 21-22, 2015 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Wheat flour; Benzoyl peroxide; Raman system; Scattering spectra ID HPLC; ACID AB Benzoyl peroxide is a common flour additive that improves the whiteness of flour and the storage properties of flour products. However, benzoyl peroxide adversely affects the nutritional content of flour, and excess consumption causes nausea, dizziness, other poisoning, and serious liver damage. This study was focus on detection of the benzoyl peroxide added in wheat flour. A Raman scattering spectroscopy system was used to acquire spectral signal from sample data and identify benzoyl peroxide based on Raman spectral peak position. The optical devices consisted of Raman spectrometer and CCD camera, 785 nm laser module, optical fiber, prober, and a translation stage to develop a real-time, nondestructive detection system. Pure flour, pure benzoyl peroxide and different concentrations of benzoyl peroxide mixed with flour were prepared as three sets samples to measure the Raman spectrum. These samples were placed in the same type of petri dish to maintain a fixed distance between the Raman CCD and petri dish during spectral collection. The mixed samples were worked by pretreatment of homogenization and collected multiple sets of data of each mixture. The exposure time of this experiment was set at 0.5s. The Savitzky Golay (S-G) algorithm and polynomial curve-fitting method was applied to remove the fluorescence background from the Raman spectrum. The Raman spectral peaks at 619 cm(-1), 848 cm(-1), 890 cm(-1), 1001 cm(-1), 1234 cm(-1), 1603cm(-1), 1777cm(-1) were identified as the Raman fingerprint of benzoyl peroxide. Based on the relationship between the Raman intensity of the most prominent peak at around 1001 cm-1 and log values of benzoyl peroxide concentrations, the chemical concentration prediction model was developed. This research demonstrated that Raman detection system could effectively and rapidly identify benzoyl peroxide adulteration in wheat flour. The experimental result is promising and the system with further modification can be applicable for more products in near future. C1 [Zhao, Juan; Peng, Yankun; Dhakal, Sagar; Xu, Tianfeng] China Agr Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Agroproc Equipment, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Chao, Kuanglin; Qin, Jianwei] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhao, J (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Agroproc Equipment, 17 Qinghua E Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM ypeng@cau.edu.cn NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 17 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-604-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9488 AR 94880S DI 10.1117/12.2176830 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Optics GA BD0EA UT WOS:000357093100017 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Endreny, TA Nowak, DJ AF Yang, Yang Endreny, Theodore A. Nowak, David J. TI Simulating the effect of flow path roughness to examine how green infrastructure restores urban runoff timing and magnitude SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING LA English DT Article DE Advection-diffusion equation; Flood; Low impact development; Urbanization; Urban planning ID LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT; LAND-USE CHANGE; STORM-RUNOFF; SYSTEMS; MODEL; CATCHMENT; DIFFUSION; DESIGN; COVER; SCALE AB Impervious land cover was the choice for many urban development projects in order to accelerate runoff and reduce the depth and duration of local flooding, however this led to increases in downstream runoff characterized by large, flashy peak flows. Urban ecosystem restoration now involves slowing down urban runoff to restore local hydrology with green infrastructure, which can be installed as single parcels along runoff flow paths; green infrastructure essentially increases the surface roughness, delaying the speed of runoff compared with relatively smooth impervious surfaces. In this study, we present a runoff routing model that inter-compares runoff from different land parcel surfaces with different roughness to help communities quantify how land parcel restoration impacts runoff timing and peak magnitude. Our modeling experiments contrast the timing and magnitude of floods for discrete runoff pathways composed of parcels with different cover types, converting rough rural land cover to smooth impervious cover as well as the restorative impact of relocating impervious area further from the water body or installing green infrastructure along the flow path. We demonstrate how the model is calibrated to match observed runoff for an entire watershed, and how the model can then be used to estimate how land cover changes will affect runoff timing and magnitude. This study introduces how a simple model to represent land parcel surface roughness and stormwater runoff timing and magnitude, allowing for informed watershed restoration planning, urban planning and placement of green infrastructure. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Nowak, David J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Yang, Yang] Davey Inst, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Endreny, Theodore A.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Environm Resource Engn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Baker Labs 321, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM yyang31@syr.edu FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station iTree Spatial Simulation [PL-5937]; National Urban and Community Forest Advisory Council iTree Tool [11-DG-11132544-340] FX This research was supported by funding from the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station iTree Spatial Simulation grant PL-5937 and the National Urban and Community Forest Advisory Council iTree Tool grant 11-DG-11132544-340. The SUNY ESF Department of Environmental Resources Engineering provided computing facilities and logistical support. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1618-8667 J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE JI Urban For. Urban Green. PY 2015 VL 14 IS 2 BP 361 EP 367 DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2015.03.004 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies GA CL7IT UT WOS:000357146400021 ER PT J AU Koontz, AF Kim, DH McLeoda, KR Klotz, JL Harmon, DL AF Koontz, A. F. Kim, D. H. McLeoda, K. R. Klotz, J. L. Harmon, D. L. TI Effect of fescue toxicosis on whole body energy and nitrogen balance, in situ degradation and ruminal passage rates in Holstein steers SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bovine; energy; fescue; passage rate ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; ACREMONIUM-COENOPHIALUM; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; THERMAL REGULATION; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; BEEF HEIFERS; BLOOD-FLOW; CATTLE; SEED; RUMEN AB This study was designed to examine alteration of ruminal kinetics, as well as N and energy balance during fescue toxicosis. Six ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (bodyweight (BW) = 217 +/- 7 kg) were weight matched into pairs and pair fed throughout a crossover design experiment with a 2 x 2 factorial treatment structure. Factors were endophyte (infected, E+ vs. uninfected, E-) and feeding level (1100 (L) or 1800 (H) kJ/kG BW.75). During each period, after 8 days of feeding level adaptation, animals were ruminally dosed twice daily with ground fescue seed for the remainder of the period. One steer per pair was dosed with ground endophyte infected fescue seed (E+), the other with ground endophyte free fescue seed. In situ degradation of ground alfalfa was determined on Days 13-16. Total faecal and urinary collections were performed on Days 17-21, with animals placed into indirect calorimetry head-boxes during Days 20 and 21. Heat production (HP) was calculated using the Brower equation. Retained energy (RE) was calculated as intakeE -(faecalE + urinaryE + gaseousE + HP). Liquid and particulate passage rates were evaluated using Cr: EDTA and iADF respectively on Days 22 and 23. There was no difference (P > 0.9) in dry matter intake (DMI)/kg(.75) between endophyte treatments, and DMI/kg(.75) was different (P < 0.01) betweenHand L intake by design. Animals on H feeding had higher (P < 0.01) water, N and energy intakes. Energy and N excretion, as well as retained DE, ME, RE, and HP were higher (P < 0.03) for H versus L. There was no difference in retained N, DE, ME, or HP (P > 0.15) between endophyte treatments. Neither rate nor extent of in situ degradation was altered by intake level or endophyte treatment (P > 0.3). DM percentage and DM weight of rumen contents were increased (P < 0.01) by E+ dosing. Particulate passage increased (P = 0.0002) during H intake and decreased (P = 0.02) with E+ dosing. Ruminal liquid passage decreased (P < 0.03) with H feeding, while liquid flow rate tended to be reduced (P < 0.14) with E+ dosing. Total VFA concentration increased with both H feeding (P < 0.01) and E+ dosing (P < 0.0001). Despite these differences, the N and energy balance data indicate that the reductions in weight gain and productivity seen during fescue toxicosis are primarily due to reduced intake. C1 [Koontz, A. F.; Kim, D. H.; McLeoda, K. R.; Harmon, D. L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Klotz, J. L.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Harmon, DL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dharmon@uky.edu NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0939 EI 1836-5787 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2015 VL 55 IS 8 BP 988 EP 998 DI 10.1071/AN14037 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA CL2WS UT WOS:000356808700004 ER PT J AU Becker, SC Swift, S Korobova, O Schischkova, N Kopylov, P Donovan, DM Abaev, I AF Becker, Stephen C. Swift, Steven Korobova, Olga Schischkova, Nina Kopylov, Pavel Donovan, David M. Abaev, Igor TI Lytic activity of the staphylolytic Twort phage endolysin CHAP domain is enhanced by the SH3b cell wall binding domain SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE peptidoglycan hydrolase; bacteriophage endolysin; autolysin; Staphylococcus aureus ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS-AGALACTIAE; LYSIS; LYSOSTAPHIN; PHI-11 AB Increases in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus have elicited efforts to develop novel antimicrobials to treat these drug-resistant pathogens. One potential treatment repurposes the lytic enzymes produced by bacteriophages as antimicrobials. The phage Twort endolysin (PlyTW) harbors three domains, a cysteine, histidine-dependent amidohydrolases/peptidase domain (CHAP), an amidase-2 domain and a SH3b-5 cell wall binding domain (CBD). Our results indicate that the CHAP domain alone is necessary and sufficient for lysis of live S. aureus, while the amidase-2 domain is insufficient for cell lysis when provided alone. Loss of the CBD results in similar to 10X reduction of enzymatic activity in both turbidity reduction and plate lysis assays compared to the full length protein. Deletion of the amidase-2 domain resulted in a protein (PlyTW Delta 172-373) with lytic activity that exceeded the activity of the full length construct in both the turbidity reduction and plate lysis assays. Addition of Ca2+ enhanced the turbidity reduction activity of both the full length protein and truncation constructs harboring the CHAP domain. Chelation by addition of EDTA or the addition of zinc inhibited the activity of all PlyTW constructs. C1 [Becker, Stephen C.; Swift, Steven; Donovan, David M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, NEA, BARC,USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Korobova, Olga; Schischkova, Nina; Kopylov, Pavel; Abaev, Igor] State Res Ctr Appl Microbiol & Biotechnol, Fed Budget Inst Sci, Serpukhov Dist 142279, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Donovan, DM (reprint author), ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC,USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.donovan@ars.usda.gov OI Swift, Steven/0000-0002-3840-4401 FU CREES award [2007-35204-18395]; NIH [1RO1AI075077-01A1]; US State Department funds; ARS headquarters FX This work was supported in part by funding to DMD from CREES award # 2007-35204-18395, NIH grant 1RO1AI075077-01A1 and US State Department funds supporting US-Pakistani and US-Russian collaborations, as well ARS headquarters via a postdoctoral fellowship. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0378-1097 EI 1574-6968 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 362 IS 1 DI 10.1093/femsle/fnu019 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CL3WV UT WOS:000356883500014 ER PT B AU White, GB Moore, SJ AF White, Graham B. Moore, Sarah J. BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Terminology of Insect Repellents SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PIPER-NIGRUM L; AEDES-AEGYPTI; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; ODORANT RECEPTOR; SPATIAL REPELLENCY; MOSQUITO-REPELLENT; N,N-DIETHYL-3-METHYLBENZAMIDE DEET; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PERSONAL PROTECTION; MAXILLARY PALPS C1 [White, Graham B.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr Veteriinary Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32667 USA. [Moore, Sarah J.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Bagatnoyo, Tanzania. [Moore, Sarah J.] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland. RP White, GB (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr Veteriinary Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32667 USA. NR 151 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 3 EP 30 PG 28 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300002 ER PT B AU Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA AF Debboun, Mustapha Frances, Stephen P. Strickman, Daniel A. BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Insect Repellents Handbook Preface SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Debboun, Mustapha] US Army Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Frances, Stephen P.] Australian Army Malaria Inst, Gallipoli Barracks Enogg, Qld, Australia. [Strickman, Daniel A.] ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Debboun, M (reprint author), US Army Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP XI EP XI PG 1 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300001 ER PT B AU Dickens, JC Bohbot, JD AF Dickens, Joseph C. Bohbot, Jonathan D. BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Neuromolecular Basis of Repellent Action SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOSQUITO ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; INSECT ODORANT RECEPTOR; YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; AEDES-AEGYPTI; OLFACTORY RECEPTORS; DROSOPHILA-ANTENNA; CAPSAICIN RECEPTOR; MOLECULAR-BASIS; CELLULAR BASIS; SEX-PHEROMONE C1 [Dickens, Joseph C.; Bohbot, Jonathan D.] ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dickens, JC (reprint author), ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 31 EP 42 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300003 ER PT B AU Chauhan, KR Bernier, UR AF Chauhan, Kamlesh R. Bernier, Ulrich R. BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI In Silico Models for Development of Insect Repellents SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE DEET ANALOGS; MOLECULAR ELECTROSTATIC-FIELD; MOSQUITO REPELLENTS; JUVENILE-HORMONE; QSAR; DESIGN; VECTOR; AMIDES C1 [Chauhan, Kamlesh R.] ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bernier, Ulrich R.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Veteriinary Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Chauhan, KR (reprint author), ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 53 EP 74 PG 22 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300005 ER PT B AU Strickman, D AF Strickman, Daniel BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Topical Repellent Active Ingredients in Common Use SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INSECT REPELLENT; N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE DEET; MOSQUITO REPELLENTS; SAFETY; DIETHYLTOLUAMIDE; EFFICACY; PICARIDIN; TOXICITY; VECTORS; MALARIA C1 ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Strickman, D (reprint author), ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 231 EP 237 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300012 ER PT B AU Kline, DL Strickman, D AF Kline, Daniel L. Strickman, Daniel BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Spatial or Area Repellents SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; AEDES-AEGYPTI; PERSONAL PROTECTION; FIELD-EVALUATION; MALARIA CONTROL; PLASTIC STRIPS; HOST-SEEKING; CULICIDAE; CHEMICALS; TANZANIA C1 [Kline, Daniel L.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Veteriinary Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32667 USA. [Strickman, Daniel] ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Kline, DL (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Veteriinary Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32667 USA. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 239 EP 251 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300013 ER PT B AU Klun, JA Kramer, M AF Klun, Jerome A. Kramer, Matt BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Klun & Debboun Modules: Uses and Data Analysis SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOSQUITO-DETERRENT ACTIVITY; AEDES-AEGYPTI; CALLICARPA-AMERICANA; ANOPHELES-STEPHENSI; REPELLENT EFFICACY; FATTY-ACIDS; DIPTERA; IDENTIFICATION; TOXICITY; TICKS C1 [Klun, Jerome A.] Klun Entomol, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. [Kramer, Matt] ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Klun, JA (reprint author), Klun Entomol, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 267 EP 281 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300015 ER PT B AU Mafra-Neto, A Fettig, CJ Munson, AS Stelinski, LL AF Mafra-Neto, Agenor Fettig, Christopher J. Munson, A. Steven Stelinski, Lukasz L. BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Use of Repellents Formulated in Specialized Pheromone and Lure Application Technology for Effective Insect Pest Management SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; DIAPHORINA-CITRI KUWAYAMA; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; GUAVA LEAF VOLATILES; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLES; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; BREVICOMIS COLEOPTERA; COLONIZATION BEHAVIOR C1 [Mafra-Neto, Agenor] ISCA Technol Inc, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Fettig, Christopher J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Munson, A. Steven] US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, USDA, Ogden, UT USA. [Stelinski, Lukasz L.] Univ Florida Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Lake Alfred, FL USA. RP Mafra-Neto, A (reprint author), ISCA Technol Inc, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. NR 119 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 291 EP 313 PG 23 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300017 ER PT B AU Strickman, D AF Strickman, Daniel BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Best Practices for Use of Personal Protection Products SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID REPELLENT; MALARIA; DIPTERA C1 ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Strickman, D (reprint author), ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 331 EP 337 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300019 ER PT B AU Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, D AF Debboun, Mustapha Frances, Stephen P. Strickman, Daniel BE Debboun, M Frances, SP Strickman, DA TI Future of Insect Repellents SO INSECT REPELLENTS HANDBOOK, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Debboun, Mustapha] US Army Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Frances, Stephen P.] Australian Army Malaria Inst, Gallipoli Barracks Enogg, Qld, Australia. [Strickman, Daniel] ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Debboun, M (reprint author), US Army Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5358-3; 978-1-4665-5355-2 PY 2015 BP 367 EP 369 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BC7MS UT WOS:000355003300023 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Eiseman, CS Charney, ND Record, S AF Smith, David R. Eiseman, Charles S. Charney, Noah D. Record, Sydne TI A new Nearctic Scolioneura (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) mining leaves of Vaccinium (Ericaceae) SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sawfly; Symphyta; leaf miner; red huckleberry; parasitoid; Braconidae ID SAWFLIES AB Scolioneura vaccinii Smith & Eiseman, sp. n., is described. It was reared from blotch mines in Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. (Ericaceae) collected in Washington State, USA. This is the first known native species of Scolioneura in the Nearctic Region and the first known sawfly leaf miner of Vaccinium as well as the order Ericales. Characters are given to separate it from other species of Scolioneura, and the life history is presented. One parasitoid, Shawiana sp. (Braconidae) was reared from the leaf mines. C1 [Smith, David R.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Charney, Noah D.; Record, Sydne] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.4546 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900001 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Johnson, NF Buffington, M AF Talamas, Elijah J. Johnson, Norman F. Buffington, Matthew TI Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trissolcus japonicus; Trissolcus cultratus; Trissolcus flavipes; Halyommpha halys; Trissolcus; Scelionidae; biological control; identification key; egg parasitoid ID NEW-WORLD TRISSOLCUS; FLAVIPES GROUP; BASALIS; PLATYGASTROIDEA; PROCTOTRUPOIDEA; HETEROPTERA; TELENOMINAE; SYSTEMATICS; REVISION; GENUS AB Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) and T. cultratus (Mayr), comb. rev. are under study as classical biological agents to control the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stal) in North America. Here we present diagnoses for all Nearctic species of Trissolcus, including T. japonicus and T. cultratus comb. rev., and identification keys to enable separation of these species from the existing fauna. Trissolcus cultratus comb. rev, is removed from synonymy with T. flavipes. Two new species are described, Trissolcus valkyria sp. n. and T. zakotos sp. n. A neotype is designated for T. brochymenae and a lectotype is designated for T. basalis. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Johnson, Norman F.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM elijah.talamas@ars.usda.gov FU Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS; Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory FX We are grateful to: Luciana Musetti (OSUC), Sara Hemly (OSUC), Manuela Vizek (NHMW), Hege Vardal (NHRS), Lubomir Masner (CNCI), Andy Bennett (CNCI), Tim Haye (CAB I), Kim Hoelmer (BIIRU) and Christine Dieckhoff (BIIRU) for loans and specimens deposited in USNM; David Notton (BMNH) for specimen loans and commentary on nomenclature, Joe Cora (OSUC) for critical database support and making taxonomic literature available; Istvan Miko for commentary on morphological characters; and to Ian Realo and Samantha Fitzsimmons-Schoenberger for photography and transcribing label data. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS, and the Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 85 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 17 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 45 EP 110 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.8560 PG 66 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900004 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Buffington, M AF Talamas, Elijah J. Buffington, Matthew TI Synonymy of Kozlotelenomus Mineo, O'Connor & Ashe SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trissolcus mopsus; Trissolcus; Kozlotelenomus; synonymy; Platygastroidea; Telenominae AB Kozlotelenomus Mineo, O'Connor & Ashe, syn. n. is treated as junior synonym of Trissolcus Ashmead; Trissolcus mopsus (Nixon), comb. rev. is transferred from Kozlotelenomus. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM talamas.1@osu.edu FU Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS; Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory FX We are grateful to David Notton (BMNH) for the loan of the holotype of T mopsus, to Luciana Musetti (OSUC) for the loan of T gonopsidis, to Dylan Johnston-Jordan for SEM imaging, and to Norman Johnson and Joe Cora (OSUC) for database support and making taxonomic literature available. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS, and the Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.8561 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900005 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Herlihy, MV Dieckhoff, C Hoelmer, KA Buffington, ML Bon, MC Weber, DC AF Talamas, Elijah J. Herlihy, Megan V. Dieckhoff, Christine Hoelmer, Kim A. Buffington, Matthew L. Bon, Marie-Claude Weber, Donald C. TI Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) emerges in North America SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trissolcus japonicus; Halyomorpha halys; Trissolcus; Scelionidae; biological control; egg parasitoid ID HOST-RANGE; PENTATOMIDAE; HETEROPTERA; BIOLOGY; CHINA AB Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) is an Asian egg parasitoid of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal). It has been under study in U.S. quarantine facilities since 2007 to evaluate its efficacy as a candidate classical biological control agent and its host specificity with regard to the pentatomid fauna native to the United States. A survey of resident egg parasitoids conducted in 2014 with sentinel egg masses of H. halys revealed that T. japonicus was already present in the wild in Beltsville, MD. Seven parasitized egg masses were recovered, of which six yielded live T japonicus adults. All of these were in a wooded habitat, whereas egg masses placed in nearby soybean fields and an abandoned apple orchard showed no T japonicus parasitism. How T japonicus came to that site is unknown and presumed accidental. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew L.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Herlihy, Megan V.; Weber, Donald C.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD USA. [Dieckhoff, Christine] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE USA. [Dieckhoff, Christine; Hoelmer, Kim A.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE USA. [Bon, Marie-Claude] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Montpellier, France. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM elijah.talamas@ars.usda.gov FU Systematic Entomology Laboratory; Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory; Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory FX We are grateful to Norman Johnson and Joe Cora (OSUC) for database support and making taxonomic literature available. We thank also Abby Rosenberg, Emma Thrift, and Nate Erwin, who assisted with rearing and field work in Maryland; Mary Cornelius and Matthew Greenstone (USDA/ARS/IIBBL) for generously sharing their field results from related sentinel egg studies in Maryland and the District of Columbia; and Sonja Scheffer (USDA/ARS/SEL) for DNA extraction and sequencing. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, the Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory, and the Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 37 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 119 EP 128 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.4661 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900006 ER PT J AU Alamri, MS Al-Ruquie, IM Hussain, S Mohamed, AA Xu, J AF Alamri, M. S. Al-Ruquie, I. M. Hussain, S. Mohamed, A. A. Xu, J. TI Gelatinisation kinetics of corn and chickpea starches using DSC, RVA and dynamic rheometry SO QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS LA English DT Article DE starch; corn; chickpea; kinetics; RVA; DSC ID RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; MILLED RICE; COOKING; WATER; TRANSITION; PARAMETERS AB The gelatinisation kinetics (non-isothermal) of corn and chickpea starches at different heating rates were calculated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rapid visco analyser (RVA), and oscillatory dynamic rheometry. The data obtained from the DSC thermogram and the RVA profiles were fitted to Kissinger's and Ozawa's methods. Starch gelatinisation was characterised by two phases, where the first corresponded to the unfolding of amorphous region of the starch granule and the other represented the melting crystalline part. The temperature that separates the unfolding and melting of the granule parts, the breaking temperature, was recorded. Higher activation energy (Ea) was calculated for the DSC data versus the RVA. The Ea values calculated by Kissinger's method indicated that one can use either DSC or RVA to get a comparable Ea for both starches, whereas Ozawa's method showed comparable results for chickpea starch and less comparable for corn starch. The Ea of corn starch as calculated by dynamic rheometry (549 kJ/mol) was comparable. C1 [Alamri, M. S.; Hussain, S.; Mohamed, A. A.] King Saud Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Al-Ruquie, I. M.] King Abdelaziz Sci & Technol, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia. [Xu, J.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Alamri, MS (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, POB 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. EM msalamri@ksu.edu.sa RI Mohamed, Abdellatif/O-5801-2015; Hussain, Shahzad/M-6489-2013 OI Hussain, Shahzad/0000-0001-8564-9113 FU King Saud University, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, Research Center [RGP-VPP-114i] FX This project was supported by King Saud University, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, Research Center (project no. RGP-VPP-114i). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 18 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1757-8361 EI 1757-837X J9 QUAL ASSUR SAF CROP JI Qual. Assur. Saf. Crop. Foods PY 2015 VL 7 IS 4 BP 459 EP 468 DI 10.3920/QAS2013.0374 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CL3WO UT WOS:000356882600006 ER PT J AU May, AA Lee, T McMeeking, GR Akagi, S Sullivan, AP Urbanski, S Yokelson, RJ Kreidenweis, SM AF May, A. A. Lee, T. McMeeking, G. R. Akagi, S. Sullivan, A. P. Urbanski, S. Yokelson, R. J. Kreidenweis, S. M. TI Observations and analysis of organic aerosol evolution in some prescribed fire smoke plumes SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS; TRACE GASES; MASS-SPECTROMETER; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; UNITED-STATES; VOLATILITY MEASUREMENTS; BROWN CARBON; PARTICLES; AIRBORNE AB Open biomass burning is a significant source of primary air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) and non-methane organic gases (NMOG). However, the physical and chemical atmospheric processing of these emissions during transport is poorly understood. Atmospheric transformations of biomass burning emissions have been investigated in environmental chambers, but there have been limited opportunities to investigate these transformations in the atmosphere. In this study, we deployed a suite of real-time instrumentation on a Twin Otter aircraft to sample smoke from prescribed fires in South Carolina, conducting measurements at both the source and downwind to characterize smoke evolution with atmospheric aging. Organic aerosol (OA) within the smoke plumes was quantified using an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS); refractory black carbon (rBC) was quantified using a single-particle soot photometer, and carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were measured using a cavity ring-down spectrometer. During the two fires for which we were able to obtain aerosol aging data, normalized excess mixing ratios and " export factors" of conserved species (rBC, CO, CO2) suggested that changes in emissions at the source did not account for most of the differences observed in samples of increasing age. An investigation of AMS mass fragments indicated that the in-plume fractional contribution (f(m/z) /to OA of the primary fragment (m/z 60) decreased downwind, while the fractional contribution of the secondary fragment (m/z 44) increased. Increases in f(44) are typically interpreted as indicating chemical aging of OA. Likewise, we observed an increase in the O:C elemental ratio downwind, which is usually associated with aerosol aging. However, the rapid mixing of these plumes into the background air suggests that these chemical transformations may be attributable to the different volatilities of the compounds that fragment to these m/z in the AMS. The gas-particle partitioning behavior of the bulk OA observed during the study was consistent with the predictions from a parameterization developed for open biomass burning emissions in the laboratory. Furthermore, we observed no statistically significant increase in total organic mass with atmospheric transport. Hence, our results suggest that dilution-driven evaporation likely dominated over the chemical production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) within our smoke plumes, presumably due to the fast dilution and limited aging times (1385 m) forests. Using environmental parameters diagnostic of squirrel habitat, we created 35 a priori occupancy models in the program PRESENCE for boxes surveyed in western North Carolina, 1996-2011. Our best approximating model showed CNFS denning associated with sheltered landforms and montane conifers, primarily red spruce Picea rubens. As sheltering decreased, decreasing distance to conifers was important. Area with a high probability (>0.5) of occupancy was distributed over 18 662 ha of habitat, mostly across 10 mountain ranges. Because nest-box surveys underrepresented areas >1750 m and CNFS forage in conifers, we combined areas of high occupancy with conifer GIS coverages to create an additional distribution model of likely habitat. Regionally, above 1385 m, we determined that 31 795 ha could be occupied by CNFS. Known occupied patches ranged from <50 ha in the Long Hope Valley in North Carolina to approximately 20 000 ha in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park along the North Carolina-Tennessee boundary. These findings should allow managers to better define, protect and enhance existing CNFS habitat and provide a basis for future surveys. Owing to model biases, we view this as only a first approximation. Further research combining den selection with foraging habitat use across the full range of elevations, landforms and forest types is needed to increase predictive accuracy of CNFS distribution and sub-population viability. C1 [Ford, W. Mark] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Evans, Andrew M.] Texas Agr & Mech Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Odom, Richard H.] Virginia Tech, Geospatial & Environm Anal, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Rodrigue, Jane L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Kelly, Christine A.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Asheville, NC 28803 USA. [Abaid, Nicole] Virginia Tech, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Diggins, Corinne A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Newcomb, Douglas] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, North Carolina Field Off, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Ford, WM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM wmford@vt.edu FU US Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4, Asheville; North Carolina Field Office, US Geological Survey Cooperative Research Units program; North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries FX The funding of our study was provided by the US Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4, Asheville, North Carolina Field Office, US Geological Survey Cooperative Research Units program, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission and Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries. The use of any trade, product, or firm name does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 24 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2015 VL 27 IS 2 BP 131 EP 140 DI 10.3354/esr00662 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CH3GG UT WOS:000353916400004 ER PT J AU Vinje, MA Duke, SH Henson, CA AF Vinje, Marcus A. Duke, Stanley H. Henson, Cynthia A. TI Comparison of Factors Involved in Starch Degradation in Barley Germination Under Laboratory and Malting Conditions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS LA English DT Article DE alpha-Amylase; beta-Amylase; Germination; Malting; Maltose; Osmolyte ID AMYLOLYTIC ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; BETA-AMYLASE ACTIVITY; INTRON III ALLELES; ALPHA-AMYLASE; SEED DEVELOPMENT; DIASTATIC POWER; 2-DIMENSIONAL IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS; OSMOLYTE CONCENTRATIONS; SUGAR CONCENTRATIONS; QUALITY MEASUREMENTS AB Barley has long been the model plant for the physiological studies of starch degradation and germination. The majority of barley germination research was and is conducted using various laboratory germination methods. The extrapolation of knowledge obtained in laboratory barley germination studies to malting is commonplace but could prove problematic because of the differences between the two techniques. Grains were laboratory-germinated (LG) or micromalted (MM) and sampled daily from 0 to 5 days after imbibition/steeping. alpha-Amylase and beta-amylase activities and protein levels along with starch, osmolyte concentration (OC), and sugar (glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, and maltoheptaose) concentrations were determined. Two alpha-amylase isoforms were detected in LG and MM grains. In LG grains, an approximately 50-kDa isoform was the predominant isoform early in germination and, as germination proceeded, was degraded to an approximately 40-kDa isoform. In MM grains, the 40-kDa isoform was the predominant form, and levels increased as germination proceeded. beta-Amylase activity remained constant throughout both LG and MM treatments. However, LG grain alpha-amylase underwent more proteolytic processing than MM grain beta-amylase. Maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, total sugars, and OC all accumulated one day later in LG grains. The imbibition/steeping time was the critical step in determining the accumulation patterns, and the shorter imbibition/steeping time commonly used in laboratory germination experiments appears to have caused the one-day delay in sugar and OC accumulation. However, it did not explain the protein processing differences. Thus, intrinsic differences between the LG and MM procedures that cause differences in sugar accumulation and protein processing must be accounted for when trying to extrapolate data obtained using laboratory germination procedures to malting. C1 [Vinje, Marcus A.; Henson, Cynthia A.] USDA ARS, CCRU, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Duke, Stanley H.; Henson, Cynthia A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Vinje, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, CCRU, 502 Walnut St, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM marcus.vinje@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; American Malting Barley Association, Inc. FX We thank Charles Karpelenia, Joe Dietrich, Laura Oesterle, and Erin Dietrich for their technical assistance. We thank Chris Martens for his assistance in malting and malting quality analysis. Research was supported by USDA-ARS and the American Malting Barley Association, Inc. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC BREWING CHEMISTS INC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0361-0470 EI 1943-7854 J9 J AM SOC BREW CHEM JI J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. PY 2015 VL 73 IS 2 BP 195 EP 205 DI 10.1094/ASBCJ-2015-0318-01 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA CH6JV UT WOS:000354143800013 ER PT J AU Marcinkowski, K Peterson, DL AF Marcinkowski, Kailey Peterson, David L. TI A 350-year Reconstruction of the Response of South Cascade Glacier to Interannual and Interdecadal Climatic Variability SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dendrochronology; climate; glacier mass balance; North Cascades; South Cascade Glacier ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; GARIBALDI PROVINCIAL-PARK; COLUMBIA COAST MOUNTAINS; TREE-RING CHRONOLOGIES; MASS-BALANCE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ICE-AGE; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; WADDINGTON AREA; PEYTO GLACIER AB Mountain hemlock growth chronologies were used to reconstruct the mass balance of South Cascade Glacier, an alpine glacier in the North Cascade Range of Washington State. The net balance reconstruction spans 350 years, from 1659 to 2009. Summer and winter balances were reconstructed for 1346-2009 and 1615-2009, respectively. Relationships between mass balance and winter precipitation, temperature, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index, and the El Nino Southern Oscillation index indicate that these influence glacier balance at various temporal scales. Above-average net, summer, and winter mass balance occurred mainly in 1690-1710, 1810-1820, 1845-1860, 1865-1890, and 1975-1990, and below-average balance periods include 1680-1690, 1790-1810, 1820-1840, and 1930-1960. Above-and below-average reconstructed mass balances at South Cascade Glacier were concurrent with similar periods from other glacier balance reconstructions in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Agreement among these records suggests that changes in South Cascade Glacier mass balance are good indicators of regional balance fluctuations, and glaciers in the Pacific Northwest are responding similarly to regional external forcings. The current rate of decline, from 2000 to 2009, in the reconstructed balance record has been faster than any decline in a century. This decreasing trend is projected to continue with increasing temperatures, and will likely affect glacier-influenced water resources in the Pacific Northwest. C1 [Marcinkowski, Kailey] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Fire & Mt Ecol Lab3, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Lacey, WA 98103 USA. RP Marcinkowski, K (reprint author), Northern Inst Appl Climate Sci, Forest Sci Lab, 410 Macinnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM kfmarcin@mtu.edu FU USGS Global Change Research Program; University of Washington, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences FX We thank Don McKenzie and Andrew Fountain for providing assistance and advice throughout the research process. Joe Restaino, Jon Dvorak, Jon McDuffy, Jim Cronan, Brandon Helmstetter, and Robert Norheim assisted with field work. Maureen Kennedy provided valuable statistical advice. Robert Norheim produced Figure 1. Bill Bidlake (USGS Water Science Center, Tacoma, Washington) organized a site visit to South Cascade Glacier and shared his expertise on glaciology. Two anonymous reviewers provided comments and suggestions which strengthened our paper, and we are grateful for their contributions. Research was funded by the USGS Global Change Research Program and a fellowship from the University of Washington, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences. This paper is a contribution of the Western Mountain Initiative. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X EI 2161-9859 J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 IS 1 BP 14 EP 33 PG 20 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH9BQ UT WOS:000354331400002 ER PT J AU Sims, L Goheen, E Kanaskie, A Hansen, E AF Sims, Laura Goheen, Ellen Kanaskie, Alan Hansen, Everett TI Alder Canopy Dieback and Damage in Western Oregon Riparian Ecosystems SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alder tree damage; Phytophthora species; symptoms; riparian ecosystems ID PHYTOPHTHORA-ALNI; PATHOGENS; NUCLEAR; RIVER; DNA AB We gathered baseline data to assess alder tree damage in western Oregon riparian ecosystems. We sought to determine if Phytophthora-type cankers found in Europe or the pathogen Phytophthora alni subsp. alni, which represent a major threat to alder forests in the Pacific Northwest, were present in the study area. Damage was evaluated in 88 transects; information was recorded on damage type (pathogen, insect or wound) and damage location. We evaluated 1445 red alder (Alnus rubra), 682 white alder (Alnus rhombifolia) and 181 thinleaf alder (Alnus incana spp. tenuifolia) trees. We tested the correlation between canopy dieback and canker symptoms because canopy dieback is an important symptom of Phytophthora disease of alder in Europe. We calculated the odds that alder canopy dieback was associated with Phytophthora-type cankers or other biotic cankers. P. alni subsp. alni (the causal agent of alder disease in Europe) was not identified in western Oregon; however, Phytophthora siskiyouensis was isolated from Phytophthora-type cankers which were present on 2% of red alder trees and 3% of white alder trees. The odds of canopy dieback were 5.4 and 4.8 times greater for red and white alder (respectively) with Phytophthora-type canker symptoms than in trees without such cankers. The percentage of trees with canopy dieback was 51%, 32%, and 10% for red, white, and thinleaf alder respectively. Other common damage included wounding, foliar pathogens and insects on red alder. This is the first report of Phytophthora canker of alder in United States forests and first report of P. siskiyouensis isolation from alder in forests anywhere. C1 [Sims, Laura] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Goheen, Ellen] USDA, Forest Serv, J Herbert Stone Nursery, Central Point, OR 97502 USA. [Kanaskie, Alan] Oregon Dept Forestry, Salem, OR 97310 USA. [Hansen, Everett] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Sims, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 301 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM simslaura@berkeley.edu OI Sims, Laura/0000-0002-4785-9352 FU Forest Health Protection Program, Rogue Siskiyou National Forest; Oregon Department of Forestry FX We thank Wendy Sutton and Paul Reeser for laboratory support. We thank Michael Thompson, Jon Laine, Aaron Wichman, and Jenny Oberst for field support. Special thanks to Sarah Navarro for her help with the alders. Thank you to Jeff Stone for his comments on an early version of the manuscript. Thanks to the Oregon State Arthropod Collection group for assistance with arthropod related information. Thanks to the Oregon State University Herbarium group for assistance with vascular plants and fungal specimens. The Forest Health Protection Program, Rogue Siskiyou National Forest and the Oregon Department of Forestry provided funding support. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved the manuscript. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X EI 2161-9859 J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 IS 1 BP 34 EP 46 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH9BQ UT WOS:000354331400003 ER PT J AU Wilk, RJ Harrington, TB Gitzen, RA Maguire, CC AF Wilk, Randall J. Harrington, Timothy B. Gitzen, Robert A. Maguire, Chris C. TI Forest-floor Disturbance Reduces Chipmunk (Tamias spp.) Abundance Two Years after Variable-retention Harvest of Pacific Northwestern Forests SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii); ecosystem management; log-yarding methods; soil disturbance; Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) ID GREEN-TREE RETENTION; OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; VARYING LEVELS; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; SPOROCARP PRODUCTION; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; WESTERN OREGON; SMALL MAMMALS; WOODY DEBRIS; DOWNED WOOD AB We evaluated the two-year effects of variable-retention harvest on chipmunk (Tamias spp.) abundance ((N) over cap) and habitat in mature coniferous forests in western Oregon and Washington because wildlife responses to density/pattern of retained trees remain largely unknown. In a randomized complete-block design, six treatments were applied to 13-ha units at three sites (blocks): four retention levels of original basal area (BA) in an aggregated tree pattern (100, 75, 40, and 15%) and two retention levels in a dispersed tree pattern (15 and 40%). Log-yarding method differed at each site (suspension cable, shovel-loader, or helicopter). We used an information-theoretic approach to compare six candidate regression models for their ability to predict treatment responses of chipmunk (N) over cap and associated habitat variables. Chipmunk (N) over cap had a positive linear relationship with retention level that predicted a 50% reduction in abundance as % BA retention decreased from 100 to 15% (R-2 = 0.36). Disturbed soil cover was strongly related to the interaction of retention level and block (i.e., yarding method and other site-level differences) (R-2 = 0.82), and the model predicted disproportionately greater disturbed area for cable yarding (16%) than for shovel (10%) or helicopter (6%) methods as retention decreased from 100 to 15%. Chipmunk (N) over cap had a negative linear relationship with disturbed soil cover that predicted a 70% reduction in the species' abundance as disturbed area increased from 0 to 16% (R-2 = 0.53). Retention level and yarding method are important considerations when planning harvesting operations because of their potential impacts to small mammal populations. C1 [Wilk, Randall J.; Harrington, Timothy B.] USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forest Serv, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Gitzen, Robert A.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Maguire, Chris C.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Wilk, RJ (reprint author), USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forest Serv, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM rwilk@fs.fed.us NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X EI 2161-9859 J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 IS 1 BP 75 EP 92 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH9BQ UT WOS:000354331400006 ER PT J AU Ferreira, LL Soares, SF de Oliveira, JG Oliveira, TT de Leon, AAP Borges, LMF AF Ferreira, Lorena Lopes Soares, Sara Fernandes de Oliveira Filho, Jaires Gomes Oliveira, Thaynara Tatielly de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez Ferreira Borges, Ligia Miranda TI Role of Rhipicephalus microplus cheliceral receptors in gustation and host differentiation SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rhipicephalus microplus; Cheliceral sensilla; Electrophysiology; Blood-feeding; Gustation; Host selection ID TICK BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; CATTLE-TICK; BOS-TAURUS; BOMBYX-MORI; INFESTATION; RESISTANCE; INDICUS; LARVAE; TASTE; PHYTOECDYSTEROIDS AB Rhipicephalus microplus is considered the most economically important ectoparasite of cattle worldwide. It is known that zebuine breeds of cattle are less susceptible to tick infestation than taurine breeds. Contact chemoreceptors in the cheliceral pit sensilla of ticks respond selectively to phagostimulant compounds, however their role in blood feeding relative to host susceptibility to infestation remains to be fully understood. We addressed this topic by conducting taste electrophysiology experiments with cheliceral pit sensilla preparations of R. microplus females. Solutions of five known ixodid tick phagostimulants were tested at different concentrations: sodium (NaCl), and potassium chloride (KCl) (10(-3)-10(-1) M); glucose (10(-4)-10(-1) M); adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (10(-6)-10(-2) M); and reduced L-glutathione (GSH) (10(-6)-10(-2) M). Serum samples from six susceptible animals of the Girolando breed (5/8 Bos indicus x 3/8 B. taurus) and six resistant Nelore bovines (pure B. indicus) were also tested. A dose-dependent response of gustatory neurons associated with the chelicerae sensillum to NaCl, glucose, GSH, and ATP were observed. Responses by the cheliceral inner digit pit sensilla of R. microplus to KCI and glucose were also observed and they are reported here for the first time. In addition to an electrophysiological response to known phagostimulants, chemoreceptors in the chelicera of R. microplus responded differently to serum from cattle susceptible and resistant to infestation. The cheliceral pit neurons were more responsive to serum of R. microplus resistant bovines with a higher mean spike frequency (53.5 +/- 2 spikes s(-1)) than to serum samples from susceptible cattle (40.3 +/- 2 spikes s(-1)). The implications of chemosensation during tick blood feeding are discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Ferreira, Lorena Lopes; Soares, Sara Fernandes; de Oliveira Filho, Jaires Gomes; Oliveira, Thaynara Tatielly] Univ Fed Goias, Escola Vet & Zootecnia, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Ferreira Borges, Ligia Miranda] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, BR-74605050 Goiania, Go, Brazil. RP Ferreira, LL (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Escola Vet & Zootecnia, Campus 2,Cx Postal 131, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM loren4_lopes@hotmail.com; sfsoares@gmail.com; jaires_filho@hotmail.com; thaynaratatielly@hotmail.com; beto.perezdeleon@ars.usda.gov; borges.ligia@gmail.com FU National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), Brazil [559603/2009-6] FX We thank the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) (Grant no. #559603/2009-6), Brazil, for its financial support of this project. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2015 VL 6 IS 3 BP 228 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.12.008 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA CH6PI UT WOS:000354158100004 PM 25616714 ER PT J AU Alvarez-Garreton, C Ryu, D Western, AW Su, CH Crow, WT Robertson, DE Leahy, C AF Alvarez-Garreton, C. Ryu, D. Western, A. W. Su, C. -H. Crow, W. T. Robertson, D. E. Leahy, C. TI Improving operational flood ensemble prediction by the assimilation of satellite soil moisture: comparison between lumped and semi-distributed schemes SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL; ERS SCATTEROMETER; NEAR-SURFACE; SEQUENTIAL ASSIMILATION; ERROR CHARACTERIZATION; SOUTHWESTERN FRANCE; SEMIARID CATCHMENT; PRODUCTS; ASCAT AB Assimilation of remotely sensed soil moisture data (SM-DA) to correct soil water stores of rainfall-runoff models has shown skill in improving streamflow prediction. In the case of large and sparsely monitored catchments, SM-DA is a particularly attractive tool. Within this context, we assimilate satellite soil moisture (SM) retrievals from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E), the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) and the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) instrument, using an Ensemble Kalman filter to improve operational flood prediction within a large (> 40 000 km(2)) semi-arid catchment in Australia. We assess the importance of accounting for channel routing and the spatial distribution of forcing data by applying SM-DA to a lumped and a semi-distributed scheme of the probability distributed model (PDM). Our scheme also accounts for model error representation by explicitly correcting bias in soil moisture and streamflow in the ensemble generation process, and for seasonal biases and errors in the satellite data. Before assimilation, the semi-distributed model provided a more accurate streamflow prediction (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, NSE = 0.77) than the lumped model (NSE = 0.67) at the catchment outlet. However, this did not ensure good performance at the "ungauged" inner catchments (two of them with NSE below 0.3). After SM-DA, the streamflow ensemble prediction at the outlet was improved in both the lumped and the semi-distributed schemes: the root mean square error of the ensemble was reduced by 22 and 24%, respectively; the false alarm ratio was reduced by 9% in both cases; the peak volume error was reduced by 58 and 1%, respectively; the ensemble skill was improved (evidenced by 12 and 13% reductions in the continuous ranked probability scores, respectively); and the ensemble reliability was increased in both cases (expressed by flatter rank histograms). SM-DA did not improve NSE. Our findings imply that even when rainfall is the main driver of flooding in semi-arid catchments, adequately processed satellite SM can be used to reduce errors in the model soil moisture, which in turn provides better streamflow ensemble prediction. We demonstrate that SM-DA efficacy is enhanced when the spatial distribution in forcing data and routing processes are accounted for. At ungauged locations, SM-DA is effective at improving some characteristics of the streamflow ensemble prediction; however, the updated prediction is still poor since SM-DA does not address the systematic errors found in the model prior to assimilation. C1 [Alvarez-Garreton, C.; Ryu, D.; Western, A. W.; Su, C. -H.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Crow, W. T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Robertson, D. E.] CSIRO Land & Water, Highett, Vic 3190, Australia. [Leahy, C.] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Alvarez-Garreton, C (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. EM calvarez@student.unimelb.edu.au RI Ryu, Dongryeol/C-5903-2008; Western, Andrew/G-1730-2011; Robertson, David/C-3643-2011; Alvarez-Garreton, Camila/M-1232-2016 OI Ryu, Dongryeol/0000-0002-5335-6209; Western, Andrew/0000-0003-4982-146X; Robertson, David/0000-0003-4230-8006; Alvarez-Garreton, Camila/0000-0002-5381-4863 FU Australian Research Council (ARC Linkage Project) [LP110200520]; Australian Bureau of Meteorology; Becas Chile scholarship FX The authors wish to thank one anonymous reviewer, Uwe Ehret and the Chief-Executive Editor Erwin Zehe for their constructive comments and suggestions on the earlier draft of the paper. This research was conducted with financial support from the Australian Research Council (ARC Linkage Project No. LP110200520) and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. C. Alvarez-Garreton was supported by Becas Chile scholarship. NR 63 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 19 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2015 VL 19 IS 4 BP 1659 EP 1676 DI 10.5194/hess-19-1659-2015 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA CH2TH UT WOS:000353877000005 ER PT J AU Savin, MC Tomlinson, PJ Moore, PA AF Savin, Mary C. Tomlinson, Peter J. Moore, Philip A., Jr. TI Microbial Biomass and Soil Carbon After 8 and 9 Years of Field Applications of Alum-Treated and Untreated Poultry Litter and Inorganic Nitrogen SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alum; poultry litter; microbial biomass; soil C; dehydrogenase; pH ID REDUCING PHOSPHORUS RUNOFF; CATTLE MANURE APPLICATION; CHEMICAL AMENDMENTS; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; AMMONIUM-NITRATE; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITIES; EXTRACTION METHOD; COMMUNITY; FERTILIZER; SULFATE AB Amendment with aluminum sulfate (alum) is considered a best management practice for benefits in poultry production and increased nutrient retention in the litter. However, little is known about how long-term applications of alum-treated litter will affect soil organisms and C. Soil from grass plots amended annually for 8 and 9 years with alum-treated or untreated poultry litter applied at 2.24 (low rate) and 8.96 (high rate) Mg litter ha(-1), ammonium nitrate (65 or 260 kg N ha-1), and an unamended control were sampled before, 10 days, 1 month, and 6 months after applications. There was no fertilizer x rate x sampling time interaction for dissolved organic C (DOC), total soil C, microbial biomass C, or dehydrogenase activity. Total C was 22 to 23 mg C g(-1) in soil receiving the high rate of alum-treated and untreated poultry litter compared with 15 to 18 mg C g(-1) in other treatments, but DOC was higher at 60.2 mu g C g(-1) in soil receiving the high rate of alum-treated litter compared with DOC at 47.9 mu g C g(-1) in soil receiving untreated poultry litter. The high rate of alum-treated litter increased microbial biomass C (338.2 mu g C g(-1)) compared with the low rate of alum-treated litter, the control, and the high rate of ammonium nitrate, whereas the high rate of ammonium nitrate (188.5 mu g C g(-1)) decreased microbial biomass C compared with the high rate of either poultry litter or the low rates of untreated litter and ammonium nitrate. The high rate of ammonium nitrate also decreased dehydrogenase activities and pH compared with all other treatments but had the highest DOC at 82.0 mu g C g(-1). The high rate of both poultry litters increased soil C, but DOC concentrations, microbial biomass, and pH indicate that the soil microbial community differs after 8 and 9 years of alum-treated compared with untreated poultry litter applications. C1 [Savin, Mary C.; Tomlinson, Peter J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Moore, Philip A., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Savin, MC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 115 Plant Sci Bldg, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM msavin@uark.edu FU Southern Region-Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program Graduate Student Grant [GS03-030]; Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Research Incentive Program; Water Resources Research Institute program through the US Geological Survey [2003AR47B] FX This research was supported in part by a Southern Region-Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program Graduate Student Grant (project no. GS03-030); the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Research Incentive Program; and the Water Resources Research Institute program through the US Geological Survey (project no. 2003AR47B). NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 180 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000106 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CH1OZ UT WOS:000353792500004 ER PT J AU Triapitsyn, SV Petrice, TR Gates, MW Bauer, LS AF Triapitsyn, Serguei V. Petrice, Toby R. Gates, Michael W. Bauer, Leah S. TI Two new species of Oobius Trjapitzin (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) egg parasitoids of Agrilus spp. (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) from the USA, including a key and taxonomic notes on other congeneric Nearctic taxa SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Emerald ash borer; new species; congener identification key; Oobius agrili; Nearctic; egg parasitoid; biological control ID EMERALD ASH BORER; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; AVETIANELLA-LONGOI; NATURAL ENEMIES; JEWEL BEETLES; CERAMBYCIDAE; PLANIPENNIS; BIOLOGY; CHINA AB Oobius Trjapitzin (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) species are egg parasitoids that are important for the biological control of some Buprestidae and Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). Two species, O. agrili Zhang & Huang and O. longoi (Siscaro), were introduced into North America for classical biocontrol and have successfully established. Two new native North American species that parasitize eggs of Agrilus spp. (Buprestidae) are described and illustrated from the USA: O. minusculus Triapitsyn & Petrice, sp. n. (Michigan), an egg parasitoid of both A. subcinctus Gory on ash (Fraxinus spp.) and A. egenus Gory on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) trees, and O. whiteorum Triapitsyn, sp. n. (Pennsylvania), an egg parasitoid of A. anxius Gory on European white birch (Betula pendula Roth). A taxonomic key and notes on the Nearctic native and introduced Oobius species are also included. C1 [Triapitsyn, Serguei V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Entomol Res Museum, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Petrice, Toby R.; Bauer, Leah S.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Gates, Michael W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Triapitsyn, SV (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Entomol Res Museum, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM serguei@ucr.edu NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 498 BP 29 EP 50 DI 10.3897/zookeys.498.9357 PG 22 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CG9NH UT WOS:000353642100004 PM 25931963 ER PT J AU Butler, BW Wagenbrenner, NS Forthofer, JM Lamb, BK Shannon, KS Finn, D Eckman, RM Clawson, K Bradshaw, L Sopko, P Beard, S Jimenez, D Wold, C Vosburgh, M AF Butler, B. W. Wagenbrenner, N. S. Forthofer, J. M. Lamb, B. K. Shannon, K. S. Finn, D. Eckman, R. M. Clawson, K. Bradshaw, L. Sopko, P. Beard, S. Jimenez, D. Wold, C. Vosburgh, M. TI High-resolution observations of the near-surface wind field over an isolated mountain and in a steep river canyon SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX TERRAIN; MODEL; CAMPAIGN; VALLEY; FLOW AB A number of numerical wind flow models have been developed for simulating wind flow at relatively fine spatial resolutions (e.g., similar to 100 m); however, there are very limited observational data available for evaluating these high-resolution models. This study presents high-resolution surface wind data sets collected from an isolated mountain and a steep river canyon. The wind data are presented in terms of four flow regimes: upslope, afternoon, downslope, and a synoptically driven regime. There were notable differences in the data collected from the two terrain types. For example, wind speeds on the isolated mountain increased with distance upslope during upslope flow, but generally decreased with distance upslope at the river canyon site during upslope flow. In a downslope flow, wind speed did not have a consistent trend with position on the isolated mountain, but generally increased with distance upslope at the river canyon site. The highest measured speeds occurred during the passage of frontal systems on the isolated mountain. Mountain-top winds were often twice as high as wind speeds measured on the surrounding plain. The highest speeds measured in the river canyon occurred during late morning hours and were from easterly down-canyon flows, presumably associated with surface pressure gradients induced by formation of a regional thermal trough to the west and high pressure to the east. Under periods of weak synoptic forcing, surface winds tended to be decoupled from large-scale flows, and under periods of strong synoptic forcing, variability in surface winds was sufficiently large due to terrain-induced mechanical effects (speed-up over ridges and decreased speeds on leeward sides of terrain obstacles) that a large-scale mean flow would not be representative of surface winds at most locations on or within the terrain feature. These findings suggest that traditional operational weather model (i.e., with numerical grid resolutions of around 4 km or larger) wind predictions are not likely to be good predictors of local nearsurface winds on sub-grid scales in complex terrain. Measurement data can be found at http://www.firemodels.org/index.php/windninja-introduction/windninja-publications. C1 [Butler, B. W.; Wagenbrenner, N. S.; Forthofer, J. M.; Shannon, K. S.; Bradshaw, L.; Sopko, P.; Jimenez, D.; Wold, C.; Vosburgh, M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Wagenbrenner, N. S.; Lamb, B. K.] Washington State Univ, Lab Atmospher Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Finn, D.; Eckman, R. M.; Clawson, K.; Beard, S.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Field Res Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Butler, BW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Hwy 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM bwbutler@fs.fed.us RI Clawson, Kirk/C-5910-2016; Eckman, Richard/D-1476-2016; Finn, Dennis/C-3204-2016 OI Clawson, Kirk/0000-0002-8789-9607; FU Joint Fire Science Program; US Forest Service; Washington State University; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Field Research Division FX The Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management Idaho Falls, ID field office, facilitated the field campaign, and Barry Sorenson provided critical advice on local conditions, access roads, and weather as well as permission to store equipment on site during the deployment at Big Southern Butte. Thanks to Nicole Van Dyk, Olga Martyusheva, Jack Kautz, Peter Robichaud, and Ben Kopyscianski of the Rocky Mountain Research Station for help with the field installation and maintenance at the Salmon River site. Funding was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program, the US Forest Service, Washington State University, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Field Research Division. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2015 VL 15 IS 7 BP 3785 EP 3801 DI 10.5194/acp-15-3785-2015 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CG0LF UT WOS:000352957400010 ER PT J AU Steen-Adams, MM Langston, N Adams, MDO Mladenoff, DJ AF Steen-Adams, Michelle M. Langston, Nancy Adams, Mark D. O. Mladenoff, David J. TI Historical framework to explain long-term coupled human and natural system feedbacks: application to a multiple-ownership forest landscape in the northern Great Lakes region, USA SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE CHANS; environmental history; feedback; forest landscape; Great Lakes; historical ecology; lagged interaction; legacy; ownership; tribal; unanticipated consequence ID PRE-EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT; WISCONSIN PINE-BARRENS; LAND-COVER CHANGE; OLD-GROWTH; ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; WORLD-HISTORY; NEW-ENGLAND; RESTORATION; MANAGEMENT; SCALE AB Current and future human and forest landscape conditions are influenced by the cumulative, unfolding history of social-ecological interactions. Examining past system responses, especially unintended consequences, can reveal valuable insights that promote learning and adaptation in forest policy and management. Temporal couplings are complex, however; they can be difficult to trace, characterize, and explain. We develop a framework that integrates environmental history into analysis of coupled human and natural systems (CHANS). Our study demonstrates how historical data and methods can help to explain temporal complexity of long-term CHANS feedbacks. We focus on two sources of temporal complexity: legacy effects and lagged interactions. We apply our framework to a multiple-ownership forest landscape comprising tribal and nonindustrial private forest ownerships in Wisconsin. Our framework features four elements that help investigators better understand complex systems through time: (1) a temporal axis parsed into historical periods (periodization), (2) representation of links between historical periods and system feedbacks, (3) representation of land ownership history, and (4) nested geographical scales of historical analysis. The framework can help to reveal legacy effects and lagged interactions, illuminate turning points and periods in system dynamics, and distil insights from unintended consequences that inform institutional and policy adaptation. We also assess the validity of using land ownership to represent the social component of CHANS models. When treated as a categorical variable and interpreted in historical context, land ownership can validly represent decision-making structure, culture, and knowledge system in spatially explicit social-ecological models. C1 [Steen-Adams, Michelle M.; Adams, Mark D. O.] Univ New England, Dept Environm Studies, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Steen-Adams, Michelle M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Langston, Nancy] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Social Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Mladenoff, David J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Steen-Adams, MM (reprint author), Univ New England, Dept Environm Studies, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. FU USDA Forest Service; National Science Foundation [CNH-1013296, 9870703]; University of New England; USDA; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Forestry and Science Services FX We are grateful for the suggestions of three anonymous reviewers whose input significantly improved the manuscript. Our research was supported by the USDA Forest Service, the National Science Foundation Coupled Human and Natural Systems Program (NSF Grant CNH-1013296), the University of New England, the National Science Foundation IGERT Grant 9870703 (Human Dimensions of Social and Aquatic Systems Interactions), a USDA McIntire-Stennis research grant to N. Langston, and a grant from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Forestry and Science Services to D. Mladenoff. We thank the Bad River Band of Ojibwe, especially the Bad River Natural Resources Department; the Nature Conservancy Chequamegon Bay office; the oral history interview participants; T. Sickley and P. Weum for assistance to develop the land ownership-land cover GIS; S. Schultz, D. Templar, and C. Yang; and the University of Wisconsin-Madison Forest Landscape Ecology Lab. NR 100 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 15 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2015 VL 20 IS 1 AR 28 DI 10.5751/ES-06930-200128 PG 21 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG4XW UT WOS:000353293900010 ER PT J AU Hunt, AJ Matharu, AS King, AH Clark, JH AF Hunt, Andrew J. Matharu, Avtar S. King, Alexander H. Clark, James H. TI The importance of elemental sustainability and critical element recovery SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hunt, Andrew J.; Matharu, Avtar S.; Clark, James H.] Univ York, Green Chem Ctr Excellence, Dept Chem, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [King, Alexander H.] USDA, Ames Lab, Crit Mat Inst, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hunt, AJ (reprint author), Univ York, Green Chem Ctr Excellence, Dept Chem, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM andrew.hunt@york.ac.uk RI King, Alexander/P-6497-2015; OI King, Alexander/0000-0001-7101-6585; Hunt, Andrew/0000-0003-3983-8313 NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 26 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 EI 1463-9270 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 1949 EP 1950 DI 10.1039/c5gc90019k PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF7GL UT WOS:000352724200001 ER PT S AU Yoon, SC Shin, TS Heitschmidt, GW Lawrence, KC Park, B Gamble, G AF Yoon, Seung-Chul Shin, Tae-Sung Heitschmidt, Gerald W. Lawrence, Kurt C. Park, Bosoon Gamble, Gary BE Lam, EY Niel, KS TI Hyperspectral imaging using a color camera and its application for pathogen detection SO IMAGE PROCESSING: MACHINE VISION APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Processing - Machine Vision Applications VIII CY FEB 10-11, 2015 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE DE Hyperspectral imaging; Hyperspectral image reconstruction; Color; RGB camera; Regression; non-O157 STEC; Foodborne pathogen; Pathogen detection ID REFLECTANCE; SEROGROUPS AB This paper reports the results of a feasibility study for the development of a hyperspectral image recovery (reconstruction) technique using a RGB color camera and regression analysis in order to detect and classify colonies of foodborne pathogens. The target bacterial pathogens were the six representative non-O157 Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) grown in Petri dishes of Rainbow agar. The purpose of the feasibility study was to evaluate whether a DSLR camera (Nikon D700) could be used to predict hyperspectral images in the wavelength range from 400 to 1,000 nm and even to predict the types of pathogens using a hyperspectral STEC classification algorithm that was previously developed. Unlike many other studies using color charts with known and noise-free spectra for training reconstruction models, this work used hyperspectral and color images, separately measured by a hyperspectral imaging spectrometer and the DSLR color camera. The color images were calibrated (i.e. normalized) to relative reflectance, subsampled and spatially registered to match with counterpart pixels in hyperspectral images that were also calibrated to relative reflectance. Polynomial multivariate least-squares regression (PMLR) was previously developed with simulated color images. In this study, partial least squares regression (PLSR) was also evaluated as a spectral recovery technique to minimize multicollinearity and overfitting. The two spectral recovery models (PMLR and PLSR) and their parameters were evaluated by cross-validation. The QR decomposition was used to find a numerically more stable solution of the regression equation. The preliminary results showed that PLSR was more effective especially with higher order polynomial regressions than PMLR. The best classification accuracy measured with an independent test set was about 90%. The results suggest the potential of cost-effective color imaging using hyperspectral image classification algorithms for rapidly differentiating pathogens in agar plates. C1 [Yoon, Seung-Chul; Shin, Tae-Sung; Heitschmidt, Gerald W.; Lawrence, Kurt C.; Park, Bosoon; Gamble, Gary] USDA ARS, Richard Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Yoon, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM seungchul.yoon@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-495-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9405 AR 940506 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BC5JO UT WOS:000353328200004 ER PT J AU Wallace, JM Pavek, PLS Prather, TS AF Wallace, John M. Pavek, Pamela L. S. Prather, Timothy S. TI Ecological Characteristics of Ventenata dubia in the Intermountain Pacific Northwest SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Exotic winter annual; germination; life history traits; phenology; seedling emergence ID BROME BROMUS-TECTORUM; TAENIATHERUM-CAPUT-MEDUSAE; PERENNIAL GRASSES; SEED-GERMINATION; PLANT LITTER; TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT; EMERGENCE; DYNAMICS; BIOLOGY AB Ventenata dubia is an exotic winter annual grass that has invaded Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) lands, improved pastures, intensively managed hay fields, and rangelands within the Intermountain Pacific Northwest (PNW). Currently, producers are attempting to develop V. dubia management strategies with little knowledge of its life history traits. We conducted several studies to characterize V. dubia life history patterns. Preliminary germination trials were completed to describe primary and secondary dormancy characteristics. Field studies were conducted to evaluate (1) seed bank persistence patterns, (2) seedling emergence patterns under V. dubia litter, and (3) seedling emergence and phenological development patterns within timothy hay, CRP, and rangeland habitats. Preliminary germination trials suggest that the after-ripening period required for loss of dormancy does not exceed 30 d and that dormancy breakdown peaks at approximately 90 d, after which germination occurs over a wide range of temperatures (9 to 29 C). A small fraction (< 1%) of the seed bank remained germinable up to 3 yr after burial at 2 cm depth in a grassland habitat. Seedling emergence and survival was significantly greater under high V. dubia litter layers (100% cover) compared with bare surface during the drier study year because of higher soil moisture levels maintained under litter. Across habitat types, mean seedling emergence (50% of total) occurred between 33 and 94 growing degree days (GDD) after soil moisture rose above the permanent wilting point in the fall. Seedling emergence periodicity varied among habitat types in relation to spring seedling emergence, ranging from 0 to 13% of total emergence per year. Phenological development differed across sites and years by up to several hundred GDDs but was closely aligned to Julian days. This collection of studies improves our understanding of V. dubia life history traits and will aid integrated weed management strategies in the Intermountain PNW. C1 [Wallace, John M.; Prather, Timothy S.] Univ Idaho, Plant Soil & Entomol Dept, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Pavek, Pamela L. S.] USDA, NRCS, Pullman Plant Mat Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wallace, JM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jmw309@psu.edu OI Prather, Timothy/0000-0003-3464-7577 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Western Sustainable Agricultural Research and Education [SW10-103] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Taylor Ortiz, Andrew Mackey, Hannah Tomlinson, Dallas Spellman, Dr. Gustavo Sbatella, Sasha Twelker, and Mark Stannard for their assistance with laboratory and field studies. This research was partially funded by a U.S. Department of Agriculture Western Sustainable Agricultural Research and Education grant [SW10-103]. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 28 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 EI 1939-747X J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN-MAR PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 57 EP 71 DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-14-00034.1 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CG3FE UT WOS:000353162800005 ER PT J AU Bailey, SW Hoy, J Cogbill, CV AF Bailey, Scott W. Hoy, Joann Cogbill, Charles V. TI VASCULAR FLORA AND GEOECOLOGY OF MONT DE LA TABLE, GASPESIE, QUEBEC SO RHODORA LA English DT Article DE alpine tundra; boreal forest; calcicole; Chic-Choc Mountains; climate change; floristic change; Gaspesie; geobotany; groundwater seeps; Quebec; vegetation change ID ALPINE; PENINSULA; CALCIUM; FOREST AB The influence of substrate lithology on the distribution of many vascular and nonvascular plants has long been recognized, especially in alpine, subalpine, and other rocky habitats. In particular, plants have been classified as dependent on high-calciumsubstrates (i.e., calcicoles) based on common restriction to habitats developed in calcareous rocks, such as limestone and marble. In a classic 1907 paper on the influence of substrate on plants, M. L. Fernald singled out a particular meadow on Mont de la Table in the Chic-Choc Mountains of Quebec for its unusual co-occurrence of strict calcicole and calcifuge (i.e., acidophile) plant taxa. We re-located this site, investigated substrate factors responsible for its unusual plant diversity, and documented current plant distributions. No calcareous rocks were found on site. However, inclusions of calcareous rocks were found farther up the mountain. The highest pH and dissolved calcium concentrations in surface waters were found in a series of springs that deliver groundwater, presumably influenced by calcareous rocks up the slope. Within the habitat delineated by common occurrences of calcicole species, available soil calcium varied by a factor of five and soil pH varied by almost 1.5 units, depending on microtopography and relative connection with groundwater. Variation in hydrologic delivery of weathering products leads to large variation in chemical composition of soils and waters within calcareous-influenced habitats. Here, the fine-scale variability of habitat, rather than plasticity in the plants' tolerances, appeared to be responsible for co-occurrence of taxa considered to be strict calcicoles or calcifuges. The flora in 2005-2008 was very similar to what it was in 1906, although in-filling of woody vegetation and strong chemical gradients driven by climatically controlled hydrologic processes suggest the possibility of future vegetation changes with continued climate change. C1 [Bailey, Scott W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA. RP Bailey, SW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 234 Mirror Lake Rd, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA. EM swbailey@fs.fed.us OI Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU NEW ENGLAND BOTANICAL CLUB INC PI LAWRENCE PA P.O. BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0035-4902 EI 1938-3401 J9 RHODORA JI Rhodora PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 969 BP 1 EP 40 DI 10.3119/14-07 PG 40 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CG1KQ UT WOS:000353031900001 ER PT J AU Kim, JY Glenn, DM AF Kim, J. Y. Glenn, D. M. TI MEASUREMENT OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSE TO PLANT WATER STRESS USING A MULTI-MODAL SENSING SYSTEM SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Apple trees; Leaves; Measurement; Sensors; Spectral analysis; Temperature; Water stress ID CANOPY TEMPERATURE; REFLECTANCE; LEAF; VEGETATION; IMAGERY; INDEX; TREES AB Plant yield and productivity are significantly affected by abiotic stresses such as water or nutrient deficiency. Automated timely detection of plant stress can mitigate stress development, thereby maximizing productivity and fruit quality. A multi-modal sensing system was developed and evaluated to identify the onset and severity of plant stress in young apple trees (cultivar 'Gale Gala') under five different water treatments in a greenhouse. The multi-modal sensors include a multispectral camera, an NDVI sensor, a digital camera, an ultrasonic range finder, and a thermal imager. Photosynthesis measurements for each water treatment group were recorded to determine photosynthesis reduction due to water stress and compared with multi-modal sensor responses. Data analysis determined that spectral signature (NDVI) and canopy temperature are highly correlated to plant water stress. The highest correlation to photosynthesis reduction was found for canopy temperature (r(2) = 0.83), followed by GreenSeeker NDVI (r(2) = 0.76) and multispectral camera (r(2) = 0.64). C1 [Kim, J. Y.] Monsanto Res Ctr, Chesterfield, MO 63017 USA. [Glenn, D. M.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Kim, JY (reprint author), Monsanto Res Ctr, 700 Chesterfield Pkwy, Chesterfield, MO 63017 USA. EM james.y.kim@monsanto.com FU USDA under Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2008-51180-04876] FX This work was supported by the USDA under the Specialty Crop Research Initiative (Award No. 2008-51180-04876). The authors gratefully acknowledge use of the facility and services of the Fruit Research and Extension Center at Pennsylvania State University and the Robot Vision Lab at Purdue University. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 233 EP 240 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900006 ER PT J AU Fritz, BK Hoffmann, WC AF Fritz, B. K. Hoffmann, W. C. TI UPDATE TO THE USDA-ARS FIXED-WING SPRAY NOZZLE MODELS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Aerial application; Droplet size; Spray droplet size; Spray model; Spray nozzles ID DROPLET SIZE; ATOMIZATION; PERFORMANCE; PREDICTION; DRIFT AB The current USDA-ARS aerial spray nozzle models were updated to reflect both new standardized measurement methods and systems as well as to increase operational spray pressure, aircraft airspeed, and nozzle orientation angle limits. The new models were developed using both central composite design and custom design response surface methodologies, which provide excellent fits to independently measured data (R-2 values ranging from 0.81 to 0.99) for all droplet size parameters. The new models also updated the droplet size classification ratings by adopting a previously recommended set of nozzles and operational pressures that provide similar data to ASABE Standard Reference nozzles but are evaluated under aerial application conditions (primarily airspeed). Generally, for flat fan and deflection type nozzles, the new models result in increases to predicted D-V0.1 data (droplet diameter at which 10% of the total spray volume is contained in droplets of equal or lesser diameter), decreases in D-V0.5 and D-V0.9 data (similar to D-V0.1 but 50% and 90% of total spray volume), and increases in the percent of spray contained in droplets of 200 mu m diameter or smaller. With straight stream nozzles, the D-V0.1, D-V0.5, and D-V0.9 trends tend to be reversed. Droplet size classifications with the new models for flat fan and deflector type nozzles tend to shift ratings downward, as compared to the current models, with classes centered around fine and medium sprays. However, with straight stream nozzles, droplet size classifications tend to shift ratings upward as compared to the current models. The updated models will be used to populate spreadsheet and mobile device software-based user interfaces to provide aerial applicators with droplet size information for an increased range of nozzles and operational settings, allowing for better nozzle selection and operational guidance. C1 [Fritz, B. K.; Hoffmann, W. C.] USDA ARS, Aerial Applicat Technol Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Fritz, BK (reprint author), 3103 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM brad.fritz@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 281 EP 295 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900011 ER PT J AU Bonta, JV AF Bonta, J. V. TI CURVE NUMBER METHOD RESPONSE TO HISTORICAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND TRENDS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Curve number; Initial abstraction; Precipitation; Runoff; Watershed scaling ID SOIL-EROSION; RUNOFF; PRECIPITATION; SENSITIVITY AB The 2007 IPCC report documents increasing air temperature and precipitation, particularly over the last 30 to 50 years. The question arises as to whether changes in historical climate may affect the performance of the curve number (CN) algorithm, which is widely used to estimate runoff by the engineering community. A study was conducted to determine the effects of climate period (period of similar precipitation accumulation) on CN algorithm components using historical data available at the USDA-ARS North Appalachian Experimental Watershed near Coshocton, Ohio. The data came from a small experimental watershed (WS130, 0.66 ha) that has been in the same land management practice (hay production) for similar to 74 years beginning in 1937 (monitored similar to 89% of time), the watershed size from which the original CN methodology was developed. Changes in precipitation mass curve slopes were used to identify seven climate periods of precipitation. Trends were evaluated in event-based CN component variables including Q (event runoff), P (event causal precipitation), Q/P, I-a (initial abstraction due to infiltration, interception, etc., in the CN method), P-e (effective precipitation, P-I-a), I-a/P, CNe (event-based CN), and m (m = I-a/S, where S = retention parameter). Due to wide variability of the data, trends in median CN components were used to identify possible trends in the data. There was a weak but notable increase in precipitation since 1937, primarily due to increasing monthly precipitation trends in each month from August through December and increases in extreme precipitation. There was no trend of CN across climate periods using the assumption of I-a = 0.2S. Medians of Q, P, Q/P, I-a P-e, and I-a/P did not show statistically significant trends with climate period using the event-based approach, but nearly all showed positive correlation. The historical climate trend increased parameter m (0.0045 m year(-1) for P-e > 25 mm) and event CNe (0.29 CN year(-1) for P > 25 mm). Significant trends were detected even if the data were not separated into periods of similar precipitation accumulation. Larger CNe may be due to increasing m and I-a (I-a not increasing significantly). P-e consistently showed nonsignificant negative correlation, suggesting that I-a tended to increase more than P, resulting in smaller P-e and thus supporting the observed increasing trend in m and CNe. Precipitation likely has less impact on the CN methodology than air temperature through the evapotranspiration process. However, it is difficult to separate their individual effects (the present study focused on precipitation). The results suggest that if current climate trends for precipitation and temperature continue, an occasional re-evaluation of the effects of these trends on CN model components may be necessary. The current literature recommendation is to change the CN domain by changing m from 0.2 to 0.05; however, m appears to be trending upward toward 0.2 in the recent runoff record. If climate trends increase or decrease, then m may be similarly trending, leading to uncertainty in the proper domain for the CN methodology over time. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Bonta, JV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, 598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM jim.bonta@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 319 EP 334 PG 16 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900014 ER PT J AU Page-Dumroese, DS Robichaud, PR Brown, RE Tirocke, JM AF Page-Dumroese, D. S. Robichaud, P. R. Brown, R. E. Tirocke, J. M. TI WATER REPELLENCY OF TWO FOREST SOILS AFTER BIOCHAR ADDITION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Black carbon; Carbon sequestration; Hydrophobicity; Infiltration rate ID SANDY SOIL; FIRE; CHARCOAL; ATTRIBUTES; SEVERITY; BENEFITS; BIOMASS; IMPACT; ENERGY; CARBON AB Practical application of black carbon (biochar) to improve forest soil may be limited because biochar is hydrophobic. In a laboratory, we tested the water repellency of biochar application (mixed or surface applied) to two forest soils of varying texture (a granitic coarse-textured Inceptisol and an ash cap fine-textured Andisol) at four different application rates (0, 1, 5, and 10 Mg ha(-1)) and five soil moisture contents (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of saturation). To address the impact of biochar on water infiltration into the soil, we measured soil water repellency using three methods (tension infiltrometer, water drop penetration, and molarity of ethanol). Generally, all three infiltration methods gave similar results. Compared to the unamended coarse-textured Inceptisol at 0% saturation (oven dry), biochar mixed into the soil at the rate of 5 Mg ha(-1) did not result in a significant change (p <= 0.05) in infiltration rate. The fine-textured Andisol soil at 0% saturation did not show a significant change in infiltration at the application rate of 1 Mg ha(-1) when biochar was mixed into the soil. Surface applications of biochar on both soil textures resulted in less water infiltration than the mixing treatments. Our results suggest that biochar decreases infiltration rates less on coarse-textured forest soils as compared to finer-textured soils, and 1 to 5 Mg ha(-1) will likely not detrimentally alter water infiltration rates. C1 [Page-Dumroese, D. S.; Robichaud, P. R.; Brown, R. E.; Tirocke, J. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. RP Page-Dumroese, DS (reprint author), 1221 S Main, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM ddumroese@fs.fed.us FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; Biomass Research and Development Initiative from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-05325] FX The authors thank Ethan Ellsworth for his assistance in data collection and analysis. We also thank the three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for their valuable comments on the manuscript. Partial funding was provided by The Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, Biomass Research and Development Initiative (Competitive Grant No. 2010-05325) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 335 EP 342 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900015 ER PT J AU Logsdon, SD AF Logsdon, S. D. TI RELATION OF DEPRESSIONAL FLOODING TO SOIL WATER AND UPSTREAM ACCUMULATED FLOW SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Depression; Pond; Tile inlet; Water balance ID CENTRAL IOWA; WETLAND; YIELD; HYDROLOGY; QUALITY; CORN; ATTENUATION; MORPHOLOGY; NITRATE; GROWTH AB Depressions may pond with water even when tiles, inlets, and ditches are present. Untiled wetlands lose more water to infiltration and evaporation since water is not lost through tiles. Water use by wetland vegetation around the wetland creates a gradient that induces lateral flow of the infiltrated water; however, field crops are often killed by flooding in the depression. The purpose of this study was to (1) use a water balance approach for calculating distribution of water to and from the depression, including modification for risers attached to inlets, and (2) relate ponding to upslope soil water deficit and crop growth around the depressions. Two depressions were monitored with "surface" wells. The north depression was larger and had two slotted risers for the two inlets, so the calculation procedure had to be modified to allow for risers. The south depression had only one inlet with no riser. For each rain event, the maximum inflow was calculated for the upslope flow accumulation. Smaller rain events saw lateral additions of only a fraction of maximum inflow because water infiltrated before reaching the depression. Calculated lateral inflow and tile outflow were too high for some events due to plugged and backed-up tiles under high flow rates. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) was killed by the extended ponding in 2010, and corn (Zea mays L.) growth was stunted in 2011, reducing evapotranspiration around the depressions. Overall, the water balance approach was useful to understand water storage and loss from depressions within a field in relation to soil water before the rain. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Logsdon, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Room 222,2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sally.logsdon@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 343 EP 352 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900016 ER PT J AU Endale, DM Schomberg, HH Fisher, DS Jenkins, MB AF Endale, D. M. Schomberg, H. H. Fisher, D. S. Jenkins, M. B. TI CURVE NUMBERS FROM CONVENTIONAL AND NO-TILL CROPPING: A 39-YEAR DATASET FROM A SMALL GEORGIA PIEDMONT WATERSHED SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Conservation tillage; Drought; Hydrologic modeling; Long term; Runoff; Water quality ID SOIL AB The curve number (CN) method for estimating direct runoff from a rainfall event is commonly used in hydrologic investigations, but currently accepted CNs for no-till cropping might need revising. We derived CNs from ranked rainfall-runoff data gathered from 1972 to 2010 from a 2.7 ha, zero-order watershed (P1) near Athens, Georgia. The watershed was initially managed under conventional tillage for 2.5 years, followed by double-cropped continuous no-till rotations. During conventional tillage, on average 19% of the rainfall was partitioned into runoff (median 13%). The mean and median CN was 82 and 85, respectively. Least square fitting of CN versus rainfall produced an asymptotic CN of 81 (R-2 = 0.61). In contrast, the mean and median runoff during no-till was 7% and 0.6% of the rainfall, respectively. The mean CN equaled the median CN of 62. The asymptotic CN was 58 (R-2 = 0.78), compared with 72 from standard tables. When estimated using CN of 72, the mean runoff during no-till was 142% greater than the measured mean runoff. These results support the hypothesis that CNs for no-till cropping systems should be smaller than currently accepted values for comparable watersheds in the region. This has implications for hydrologic modeling for water quantity and quality where the use of the CN method is ubiquitous. C1 [Endale, D. M.] USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Schomberg, H. H.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fisher, D. S.] Syngenta Corp, Raleigh, NC USA. [Jenkins, M. B.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Endale, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, 2316 Rainwater Rd,POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Dinku.Endale@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 379 EP 391 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900019 ER PT J AU Yen, H Jeong, J Wang, X Lu, S Kim, MK Su, YW AF Yen, H. Jeong, J. Wang, X. Lu, S. Kim, M-K. Su, Y-W. TI ASSESSMENT OF MODEL CONFIGURATION EFFECT BY ALTERNATIVE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, RUNOFF, AND WATER ROUTING FUNCTIONS ON WATERSHED MODELING USING SWAT SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE IPEAT; Model calibration; Optimization; SWAT; Uncertainty analysis ID CURVE NUMBER METHOD; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; UNCERTAINTY; SIMULATION; CALIBRATION; METHODOLOGY; IMPACTS; AREA AB The choice of different model structures and the subsequent parameter identification are relevant and usually have a strong subjective component. The impacts of various decisions associated with the internal configuration of a given watershed model need greater exploration to ensure confidence in hydrologic and water quality modeling results, yet they are often overlooked. In this study, a non-subjective approach to selecting alternative methods is developed. The goal is to assess the impact of different configurations of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model on consequential hydrologic and water quality behavior. A total of 12 SWAT configurations, each containing a unique combination of alternative algorithms in estimating surface runoff, potential evapotranspiration, and water routing, were calibrated against flow and nutrient data using the Dynamically Dimensioned Search (DDS) optimization algorithm within the Integrated Parameter Estimation and Uncertainty Analysis Tool (IPEAT). The assessment ensures that non-subjective decisions are formed by fully exploring different model configurations and consequences in the optimization process. The accuracy of calibrated outputs was sensitive to the choice of alternative methods, especially for ammonia-N predictions: NSE values varied from 0.23 to 0.67 for streamflow, from 0.59 to 0.82 for sediment, and from -0.15 to 0.66 for ammonia-N. Similarly, uncertainty in the calibrated outputs varied among alternative methods: inclusion rate varied from 31% to 58% for streamflow, from 46% to 71% sediment, and from 25% to 87% for ammonia-N. The results highlight the significance of non-subjectivity in selecting alternative methods in the calibration of complex watershed models. The potential impact of selecting alternative methods should be fully explored in advance before further applications of complex watershed simulation models. C1 [Yen, H.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Yen, H.; Jeong, J.; Wang, X.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX USA. [Lu, S.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Silkeborg, Denmark. [Kim, M-K.] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Suwon, South Korea. [Su, Y-W.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Hydraul & Ocean Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. RP Yen, H (reprint author), 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM hyen@brc.tamus.edu FU USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP); Research Program for Agricultural Science and Technology Development [PJ010890]; National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration of South Korea FX This study was supported in part by the USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP)-Wildlife and Cropland components, Research Program for Agricultural Science and Technology Development (Project No. PJ010890), National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration of South Korea. Constructive comments by the associate editor and reviewers greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 393 EP 404 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900020 ER PT J AU Nelson, RG Tatarko, J Ascough, JC AF Nelson, R. G. Tatarko, J. Ascough, J. C., II TI SOIL EROSION AND ORGANIC MATTER VARIATIONS FOR CENTRAL GREAT PLAINS CROPPING SYSTEMS UNDER RESIDUE REMOVAL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy; Modeling; Residue removal; RUSLE2; Soil conditioning index; Soil erosion; WEPS ID PREDICTION SYSTEM; CORN STOVER; CHANGE SCENARIOS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; WIND; IMPACTS; RUNOFF; METHODOLOGY; BIOENERGY AB Removal of crop residues for bioenergy, feedstock, or other purposes should be done with caution to avoid excessive soil erosion or loss of soil organic matter (SOM). This study examined average annual changes in soil erosion from rainfall and wind forces and trends in soil organic matter as a function of commodity and/or bioenergy-based crop rotations, yield variations, and different field management practices, including residue removal across all land capability class (LCC) I to VIII soils in selected areas of the U.S. Central Great Plains (CGP). Specifically, comparisons were made between various rotations including corn, winter wheat, sorghum, cotton, fallow, and canola, subject to reduced tillage and no-till management practices. The purpose was to assess cropping options, field management, and soil sustainability to provide a geospatial assessment for use in soil conservation planning and possible bioenergy resource assessments in the CGP. Soil erosion and SOM (proxied by a soil conditioning index, SCI) were analyzed on individual soil map unit components using the RUSLE2 and WEPS models. Results were grouped by LCC and organized with respect to three different spatial resolutions: field scale (individual soil type), field scale aggregated to county level, and field scale aggregated to regional level. Analyses indicate variation in soil erosion and SCI trends as a function of crop type, rotation, and field management practices across different soil types within a single county and at the regional level. Considerable variation in removable residue amounts also occurred across different rotations, especially with respect to crop type, rotation, soil type, and tillage. Results obtained in this study should help advance the overall knowledge base of both public and private-focused commodity and bioenergy crop production agriculture and soil sustainability by providing small informational resolution (i.e., soil type) data on soil erosion and health trends that could have a pronounced effect on producer economics and long-term land sustainability. C1 [Nelson, R. G.] Enersol Resources Inc, Manhattan, KS USA. [Tatarko, J.; Ascough, J. C., II] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Ascough, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM jim.ascough@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX The authors wish to thank the USDA for financial support. We would also like to acknowledge Dr. David Muth and Dr. Josh Koch, both formally of Idaho National Laboratory, for their assistance in providing the RUSLE2 and WEPS runs. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 415 EP 427 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900022 ER PT J AU Lansing, SA Klavon, KH Mulbry, WW Moss, AR AF Lansing, S. A. Klavon, K. H. Mulbry, W. W. Moss, A. R. TI DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF FIELD-SCALE ANAEROBIC DIGESTERS TREATING DAIRY MANURE FOR SMALL FARMS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Anaerobic digestion; Biogas; Dairy manure; Design; Methane; Small farm ID LOW-COST; AGRICULTURAL DIGESTERS; UNITED-STATES; WASTE; TRANSFORMATIONS; MITIGATION; SURVIVAL; BACTERIA; SLURRY AB Six field-scale (FS) digesters designed using a plug-flow design used by millions of farmers in developing countries and reconfigured for a temperate climate were tested over an 18-week period. Digester efficiency was analyzed based on methane (CH4) production, volatile solids (VS) reduction, cost-benefit analysis, and energy production efficiency. Results were compared to the literature and a full-scale on-site anaerobic digestion system (BARC) that uses the same manure source. The average CH4 yield of the replicate FS digesters was 0.31 m(3) CH4 kg(-1) VS added, resulting in 0.34 m(3) CH4 m(-3) digester(-1) d(-1), with 67.2% CH4 and 4310 ppm H2S in the biogas. The digesters reduced VS in the solid-separated dairy manure by 43.3%. Weekly CH4 production values between the six replicate digesters varied < 18%. The results were comparable to the on-site BARC digestion system (0.31 m(3) CH4 kg(-1) VS). Both systems used separated liquid manure and operated in the lower mesophilic range (25 degrees C to 30 degrees C), yet functioned at the higher range of literature values. The total energy produced by the FS digesters was three times the energy needed to counteract heat loss from the digesters, but the heating kettle system was inefficient. The material cost of the system ($16,800) was much higher than in developing countries ($150 to $400) but lower than traditional U.S. digestion systems, illustrating the impact of the heating and insulation infrastructure on sustainability at the small-scale. The FS design presents an alternative for smaller-scale farmers in temperate climates without anaerobic digestion systems. However, while the design and insulation appeared to be sufficient, the heating efficiency should be improved and/or use of waste heat from an engine generator set should be explored. C1 [Lansing, S. A.; Klavon, K. H.; Moss, A. R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mulbry, W. W.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Lansing, SA (reprint author), 1449 Anim Sci Ag Engn Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM slansing@umd.edu FU Maryland Water Resources Research Center [06HQGR0090]; UMD Agriculture Experiment Stations; Hatch Act Formula funds [MD-ENST-8752]; USDA FX The work was funded from the Maryland Water Resources Research Center (Grant No. 06HQGR0090), UMD Agriculture Experiment Stations, Hatch Act Formula funds (MD-ENST-8752), and the USDA. We would like to thank Scott Tjaden, Shannon Ingram, and Dr. Osman Arikan for their invaluable input on this project; Jon Leith, Mike Kemp, and Brad Green at the USDA for their support and assistance; Gary Seibel at the ENST Project Development Center; and UMD students Faaiz Ajaz, Scott Allen, Grant Hughes-Baldwin, Ashley Belle, Anisha Gupta, Kayoko Iwata, Caiti Jackson, PJ Klavon, Maria Sol Lisboa, Akua Nkrumah, Ryan Novak, Owen Williams, Freddy Witarsa, and Veronika Zhiteneva. Special thanks to Angela Perantoni for assistance with the design drawings. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 441 EP 449 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900024 ER PT J AU Dangol, N Shrestha, DS Duffield, JA AF Dangol, N. Shrestha, D. S. Duffield, J. A. TI LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS AND PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF CAMELINA BIODIESEL IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel GHG; Biofuel energy balance; Camelina biodiesel; Lifecycle analysis ID SATIVA; SEED; BIOFUELS; QUALITY; OIL AB Camelina sativa could be a potential feedstock to help meet the U.S. biodiesel production goal of 36 billion gallons by 2022, as set forth by Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. This research is focused on assessing the energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of camelina biodiesel production in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) region of the U.S. Field data were collected from a camelina farm in the region, and crushing and transesterification data were measured using facilities at the University of Idaho. It was estimated that use of camelina biodiesel reduces GHG emissions by 69% compared to 2005 baseline diesel. However, camelina biodiesel does not meet the ASTM D6751 specification for oxidative stability without an additive. Camelina has a smaller seed size compared to canola and required 23% more energy for crushing. The net energy ratio for camelina biodiesel was found to be 3.6, and the fossil energy ratio was found to be 4.2. From an agronomic standpoint, camelina can be incorporated into low rainfall areas of the PNW as a rotational crop. Wheat areas of the PNW with annual rainfall of 19 to 38 cm that currently incorporate fallow into their rotations were considered as potential areas for camelina production. There were 846,500 ha (2.1 million acres) of land meeting the criteria in the region that could potentially produce 443.0 million L of biodiesel (117.1 million gal) and 1.2 billion kg of meal per year. This is 12.1% of the approved amount of camelina meal that could be used in livestock feed within the PNW. It was concluded that camelina biodiesel qualifies as an advanced biofuel, and camelina meal has potential to be consumed locally as a feed mix for livestock. C1 [Dangol, N.; Shrestha, D. S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Duffield, J. A.] USDA, Off Energy Policy & New Uses, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Shrestha, DS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, POB 442060, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM devs@uidaho.edu FU USDA Office of Energy Policy and New Uses FX The authors would like to thank the USDA Office of Energy Policy and New Uses for partial funding for this study. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 465 EP 475 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900026 ER PT J AU Kronn, TG Lawrence, KC Zhuang, H Hiett, KL Rothrock, MJ Huang, YW Keener, KM Abdo, Z AF Kronn, T. G. Lawrence, K. C. Zhuang, H. Hiett, K. L. Rothrock, M. J. Huang, Y. W. Keener, K. M. Abdo, Z. TI NONTHERMAL PLASMA SYSTEM FOR EXTENDING SHELF LIFE OF RAW BROILER BREAST FILLETS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial treatment; Broiler fillets; Modified atmosphere; Nonthermal plasma; Ozone; Packaging ID ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; POULTRY CARCASSES; SALMONELLA; DECONTAMINATION; DISCHARGE; CHICKEN; MEAT; CAMPYLOBACTER; REDUCTION; BACTERIA AB A nonthermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma system was modified and enhanced to treat broiler breast fillets (BBF) in order to improve the microbial quality of the meat. The system consisted of a high-voltage source and two parallel, round aluminum electrodes separated by three semi-rigid polypropylene barriers extending well beyond the electrodes. The broiler samples were packaged in sealed polyolefin plastic bags to allow for adequate gas volume in the package. A modified atmosphere (MA) blend of gas (65% O-2, 30% CO2, 5% N-2) was used to enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species during treatment. This research investigates the ability of this plasma system to extend the shelf life of BBF by reducing the number of spoilage bacteria. The system was tested on BBF and compared to triplicate untreated controls. Samples were treated outside the plasma generation field at ambient air temperature and pressure for 3 min at 75 kV and then stored at 4 degrees C. Surviving microbes were recovered on days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 via standard rinsing and plating on nutrient agar. There was a mean log reduction of 1.53 log(10) cfu mL(-1) after 24 h. After 14 days of storage, the treated samples had a mean population of 5.53 log(10) cfu mL(-1), which was 2.39 cfu mL(-1) lower than the control packaged in air and 1.52 log(10) cfu mL(-1) lower than the control packaged in MA. A level of 5.56 log(10) cfu mL(-1) falls below the generally accepted spoilage limit of 107 cfu mL(-1). Results demonstrate the ability of the nonthermal plasma system to reduce natural microflora on the surface of BBF and its applications in food safety and shelf life extension. C1 [Kronn, T. G.; Huang, Y. W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lawrence, K. C.; Zhuang, H.; Hiett, K. L.; Rothrock, M. J.; Abdo, Z.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Keener, K. M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Kronn, TG (reprint author), Qual & Safety Assessment Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM taylor.kronn@gmail.com NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 2 BP 493 EP 500 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CG3AX UT WOS:000353149900029 ER PT J AU Huang, XD Hse, CY Shupe, TF AF Huang, Xiao-Dong Hse, Chung-Yun Shupe, Todd F. TI Evaluation of the Performance of the Composite Bamboo/Epoxy Laminated Material for Wind Turbine Blades Technology SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Review DE Moso bamboo; Wind turbine blades composite materials; Elastic modulus; Prediction model; Wood/epoxy laminate materials; Mechanical properties AB Global energy sources such as coal and oil are limited, and the burning of such fossil resources creates pollution problems. Wind energy offers one of several promising clean alternatives to carbon-based fuels. However, the composite materials currently available for producing wind turbine blades cannot accommodate the scale-up of wind energy due to their high price and disposal challenges (e.g., carbon fiber/epoxy laminated, fiber-reinforced plastics) or environmental costs (e.g., wood/epoxy laminate materials derived from large-diameter natural forest wood). The purpose of this study was to explore the advantages of the composite bamboo/epoxy laminated material as a more cost-effective, sustainable alternative. Applying the classical theory of composite laminated plates, this study tested a prediction model of the composite bamboo/epoxy laminated material's elastic modulus values. The model accurately predicted the end product's elastic modulus values according to the single bamboo board's elastic modulus values and its manner of assembly, without destroying the material's basic structure and integrity. The composite bamboo/epoxy laminated material was judged to be less expensive than carbon fiber/epoxy laminated, fiber-reinforced plastics and to have advantageous mechanical properties relative to conventional wood/epoxy laminate materials. C1 [Huang, Xiao-Dong] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Mat Engn, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Hse, Chung-Yun] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Forest Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Shupe, Todd F.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Nat Renewable Resource, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Huang, XD (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Mat Engn, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM xiaodong_h@163.com FU Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; Fujian Provincial Department of Science & Technology, China [2014 K53NI904A] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service. The authors are grateful for the financial support of Fujian Provincial Department of Science & Technology, China (2014 K53NI904A). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2015 VL 10 IS 1 BP 660 EP 671 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA CE6IV UT WOS:000351941000055 ER PT J AU Andersch, A Montague, I Buehlmann, U Wiedenbeck, JK AF Andersch, Adrienn Montague, Iris Buehlmann, Urs Wiedenbeck, Janice K. TI US Hardwood Sawmill Log Procurement Practices SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Review DE Forest products supply chain; Hardwood sawmills; Log procurement; Log broker ID UNITED-STATES; WOOD PROCUREMENT; SUPPLY CHAIN; INDUSTRY; PENNSYLVANIA; PRODUCTS; MARKETS; TRENDS AB U.S. hardwood sawmill log procurement practices are evolving because of the recent economic recession, market and supply chain shifts, and changing landowner objectives, among other factors. The objective of this study was to characterize the log procurement practices of hardwood sawmills and to characterize the role that log brokers play in supplying the sawmill industry with raw material. To meet this objective, a mail survey on hardwood log procurement practices in the U.S. hardwood sawmill industry was conducted. Survey respondents highlighted several factors that had major effects on their businesses, including "Increasing fuel and trucking cost," "High logging cost," "Unpredictable log supply," "Log shortages," "Logger shortages," and "Low log quality," among others. Results showed that large sawmills tend to rely more on gatewood from loggers and stumpage harvested by company contract loggers than do small- and medium-sized sawmills. This study failed to find an increase in the role of log brokers as an intermediary between landowners and hardwood sawmills during the last decade. Moreover, sawmills indicated only a limited demand for log broker services, with log delivery and the procurement of specialty logs identified as being the most highly demanded broker services. C1 [Andersch, Adrienn; Buehlmann, Urs] Virginia Tech, Dept Sustainable Biomat, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Montague, Iris; Wiedenbeck, Janice K.] USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Serv, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Andersch, A (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Sustainable Biomat, 1650 Res Ctr Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM andersch@vt.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Princeton, West Virginia (USDA Forest Service Agreement) [07-JV-11242300-149]; U.S. Forest Service's Northern Research Station, Princeton, WV Forestry Sciences Laboratory FX The work on which this publication is based was funded in part through a grant awarded by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Princeton, West Virginia (USDA Forest Service Agreement: 07-JV-11242300-149). The participation and support of various State Utilization and Marketing specialists in conducting this study is also acknowledged. Special thanks go to Dr. Curt Hassler for his valuable contributions to this research. Also, the extensive support provided by several personnel of the U.S. Forest Service's Northern Research Station, Princeton, WV Forestry Sciences Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2015 VL 10 IS 1 BP 1224 EP 1244 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA CE6IV UT WOS:000351941000099 ER PT J AU Gaunt, PS Chatakondi, N Gao, DN Endris, R AF Gaunt, Patricia S. Chatakondi, Nagaraj Gao, Dana Endris, Richard TI Efficacy of Florfenicol for Control of Mortality Associated with Edwardsiella ictaluri in Three Species of Catfish SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CHANNEL CATFISH; PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; BLUE CATFISH; ENTERIC SEPTICEMIA; ETIOLOGIC AGENT; HYBRIDS; FEED; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTION; QUALITY AB The efficacy of florfenicol for control of mortality associated with Edwardsiella icatluri was studied in fingerlings of Channel Catfish Ictalurus puntatus (Delta strain), Blue Catfish I. furcatus (D&B strain), and a hybrid catfish (Delta strain Channel Catfish x D&B strain Blue Catfish). On day 0, fish were immersion challenged in 65-L aquaria. For each of the three species of catfish, 10 aquaria were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, either treated with florfenicol at 0 mg/kg of body weight (unmedicated feed) or at 10 mg/ kg (medicated feed). Fish were treated for 10 consecutive days, monitored for mortality during this treatment period, and observed for 14 d afterwards. Post observation, all survivors were humanely euthanized in tricaine methanesulfonate, cultured for E. ictaluri, and examined for gross pathology. The mean cumulative percent mortality from enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) challenge among the three genotypes of catfish did not differ between Blue Catfish, hybrid, and Channel Catfish in treated or control groups. However, the florfenicol-treated fish had a significantly lower mean cumulative mortality (6%) than the controls (78%). All genotypes of catfish tested were responsive to treatment with florfenicol-medicated feed for control of mortality associated with ESC. There were no significant differences in mortality associated with hybrid catfish, blue catfish, and Channel Catfish (Delta strain). C1 [Gaunt, Patricia S.; Gao, Dana] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Chatakondi, Nagaraj] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Endris, Richard] Merck Anim Hlth, Summit, NJ 07901 USA. RP Gaunt, PS (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, 127 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM gaunt@cvm.msstate.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-7659 EI 1548-8667 J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health PY 2015 VL 27 IS 1 BP 45 EP 49 DI 10.1080/08997659.2014.976672 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA CG2NK UT WOS:000353111200007 PM 25706107 ER PT J AU Murphy, KM Ullrich, SE Wood, MB Matanguihan, JB Guy, SO Jitkov, VA Chen, XM AF Murphy, Kevin M. Ullrich, Steven E. Wood, Max B. Matanguihan, Janet B. Guy, Stephen O. Jitkov, Vadim A. Chen, Xianming TI Registration of 'Lyon', a Two-Row, Spring Feed Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Lyon' (Reg. No. CV-356, PI 673045), a spring, two-row, hulled feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar developed and tested as 05WA-316.K, was released in 2013 by Washington State University (WSU). Lyon was derived from the cross 'Baronesse'/'Spaulding' and selected through single-seed descent from F-2 to F-4 and pedigree breeding methods from F-5 to F-6. Lyon was tested in field trials in Pullman, WA, and in multi-environment trials at 8 to 10 locations per year by the WSU Variety Testing Program from 2009 to 2013. In these testing sites, Lyon had a mean grain yield (5699 kg ha(-1)) that was higher than those of check cultivars 'Bob' and Baronesse. Across 37 station years in the Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery, Lyon had an average grain yield of 5284 kg ha(-1), which was higher than check cultivars 'Steptoe', 'Harrington', 'AC Metcalfe', and 'CDC Kindersley'. Lyon showed head emergence significantly earlier than Baronesse, Bob, and 'Lenetah' and was 3.3 cm shorter than Bob and 6.1 cm shorter than 'Champion'. Similar to Champion and Baronesse, Lyon is moderately susceptible to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei Eriks.). Lyon is intended as a high-yielding replacement to barley feed cultivars Bob, Baronesse, and Lenetah in the dryland cropping regions of eastern Washington that receive an average precipitation of 400 mm yr(-1) or higher. C1 [Murphy, Kevin M.; Ullrich, Steven E.; Wood, Max B.; Matanguihan, Janet B.; Guy, Stephen O.; Jitkov, Vadim A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Murphy, KM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kmurphy2@wsu.edu FU Washington State Grain Commission; Washington State Agriculture Research Center FX We are grateful to the many dedicated support personnel who assisted with field, greenhouse, and laboratory research during the development of this cultivar: in particular, Kent Evans (USDA-ARS) for disease screening, and the many Washington State University undergraduate students who participated in various aspects of the research. We appreciate the generous support from the Washington State Grain Commission and the Washington State Agriculture Research Center for providing funding for this research. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 6 EP 9 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.05.0031crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000002 ER PT J AU Kelly, JD Varner, GV Cichy, KA Wright, EM AF Kelly, James D. Varner, Gregory V. Cichy, Karen A. Wright, Evan M. TI Registration of 'Alpena' Navy Bean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Alpena' navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Reg. No. CV-306, PI 673046), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, was released in 2014 as an upright, midseason cultivar with uniform dry down and excellent canning quality. Alpena was developed using pedigree breeding method to the F-3 generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. In 3 yr of field trials, Alpena yielded 2886 kg ha(-1), flowered in 45 d, and matured in 99 d on average. Plants averaged 55 cm in height, with lodging resistance score of 1.6 and seed weight of 19.2 g 100 seed (1). Alpena combines high yield potential with erect architecture, midseason maturity, and excellent dry down at harvest. Earlier maturity would allow for production in northern region of Michigan where the production season is shorter. Alpena has resistance to lodging and high pod placement within plant structure, making it suitable for direct harvest under narrow-row production systems. The upright architecture also contributes to avoidance of white mold [caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary], a disease that is intensified by narrow row production systems. Alpena is susceptible to rust race 22:2 [caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.:Pers.) Unger] and is sensitive to strain NL 3 of Bean common mosaic necrosis virus. Alpena produces seed that meets industry standards for packaging and possesses excellent canning quality in the navy bean seed class. C1 [Kelly, James D.; Wright, Evan M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Varner, Gregory V.] Michigan Dry Bean Prod Res Advisory Board, Breckenridge, MI 48615 USA. [Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kelly, JD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, 1066 Bogue St, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kellyj@msu.edu FU Michigan State University AgBioResearch; Michigan Crop Improvement Association; Michigan Bean Commission FX The authors wish to acknowledge the field testing of Alpena by J. Beaver in Puerto Rico through W2150 multistate project and S. Willis in Ontario; with financial support from the Michigan State University AgBioResearch, Michigan Crop Improvement Association and the Michigan Bean Commission. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 10 EP 14 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.04.0025crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000003 ER PT J AU Kelly, JD Varner, GV Cichy, KA Wright, EM AF Kelly, James. D. Varner, Gregory V. Cichy, Karen A. Wright, Evan M. TI Registration of 'Zenith' Black Bean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; CULTIVARS; QUALITY AB 'Zenith' black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Reg. No. CV-307, PI 673047), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, was released in 2014 as an upright, full-season cultivar with anthracnose [caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. et Magnus) Lams.-Scrib] resistance and excellent canning quality. Zenith was developed using pedigree breeding method to the F-4 generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. In 4 yr of field trials, Zenith yielded 3078 kg ha(-1), flowered in 45 d, and matured in 100 d on average. Plants averaged 53 cm in height, with lodging resistance score of 1.4 and seed weight of 21.7 g 100 seed(-1). Zenith combines high yield potential with erect architecture and full-season maturity in a black seed type. Zenith has resistance to lodging and high pod placement within plant structure, making it suitable for direct harvest under narrow-row production systems. The upright architecture also contributes to avoidance of white mold [caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary], a disease that is intensified by narrow-row production systems. Zenith is resistant to race 73 of anthracnose, susceptible to rust race 22: 2 [caused by Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.:Pers.) Unger], and sensitive to strain NL 3 of Bean common mosaic necrosis virus. Zenith produces seed that meets industry standards for export and packaging and was rated highest in canned bean color in the black bean seed class. C1 [Kelly, James. D.; Wright, Evan M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Varner, Gregory V.] Michigan Dry Bean Prod Res Advisory Board, Breckenridge, MI 48615 USA. [Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kelly, JD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, 1066 Bogue St, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kellyj@msu.edu FU Michigan State University AgBioResearch; Michigan Crop Improvement Association; Michigan Bean Commission FX The authors wish to acknowledge the field testing of Zenith by C. Sprague in Michigan, P. Miklas in Washington, E. Sandsted in New York, J. Beaver in Puerto Rico through W2150 multistate project, and S. Willis in Ontario; with financial support from the Michigan State University AgBioResearch, Michigan Crop Improvement Association and the Michigan Bean Commission. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.05.0035crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000004 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP Mitchell, RB Waldron, BL Haferkamp, MR Berdahl, JD Baltensperger, DD Erickson, G Klopfenstein, TJ AF Vogel, K. P. Mitchell, R. B. Waldron, B. L. Haferkamp, M. R. Berdahl, J. D. Baltensperger, D. D. Erickson, Galen Klopfenstein, T. J. TI Registration of 'Newell' Smooth Bromegrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SWITCHGRASS; POPULATIONS AB 'Newell' (Reg. No. CV-275, PI 671851) smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) is a steppe or southern type cultivar that is primarily adapted in the United States to areas north of 40 degrees N and east of 100 degrees W that have 500 mm or more annual precipitation or in areas that have similar climatic conditions because of elevation or latitude. It was developed to replace 'Lincoln', which is the most widely used smooth bromegrass cultivar in the region, by improving its forage digestibility. Newell bromegrass was developed by four generations of population improvement breeding for in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and forage yield using Lincoln as the base population. In regional small plot trials, Newell produced forage with greater IVDMD than Lincoln and equivalent or greater forage yields. In a replicated grazing trial in eastern Nebraska, beef yearlings grazing Newell for a 3-yr period produced significantly greater average daily gains and beef production per hectare than yearlings grazing Lincoln bromegrass. C1 [Vogel, K. P.; Mitchell, R. B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Waldron, B. L.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Haferkamp, M. R.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Berdahl, J. D.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Baltensperger, D. D.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Erickson, Galen; Klopfenstein, T. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM vogelkp61@neb.rr.com FU USDA-ARS; University of Nebraska-Lincoln funds FX Individuals contributing to the development of the cultivar include K.P. Vogel (breeding and evaluation trials), R.B. Mitchell (sward and pasture evaluation trials), B. Waldron, M. Haferkamp, J. Berdahl, and D.D. Baltensperger (regional sward evaluation trials), and G. Erickson and T. Klopfenstein (pasture trials). The breeding research and sward evaluation research was funded by the USDA-ARS. USDA-ARS and University of Nebraska-Lincoln funds were used for the grazing trial. Facilities and land for the breeding work and grazing trials were provided by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.08.0055crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000007 ER PT J AU Santra, DK Heyduck, RF Baltensperger, DD Graybosch, RA Nelson, LA Frickel, G Nielsen, E AF Santra, D. K. Heyduck, R. F. Baltensperger, D. D. Graybosch, R. A. Nelson, L. A. Frickel, G. Nielsen, E. TI Registration of 'Plateau' Waxy (Amylose-Free) Proso Millet SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PANICUM-MILIACEUM AB 'Plateau' (Reg. No. CV-272, PI 672536), a waxy (amylose-free starch) proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) cultivar, was developed by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station. In addition, faculty and staff from University of Wyoming, Colorado State University, and USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, and Akron, CO, assisted in trials and laboratory evaluations. Plateau, tested as 172-2-9, was selected from F-4 progeny of a cross, made in 1999, between 'Huntsman' (NE79012/NE7 9017/3/'Cope'//'Dawn'/'Common') and PI 436626, a Chinese waxy accession. Waxy starch was the most important selection criteria during early generations, and yield was the predominant factor in selection during variety trials. Variety testing data were analyzed using PROC GLM. Mean grain yield of Plateau (1953 kg ha(-1)) was consistently similar to the female parent, Huntsman, the locally adapted high-yielding cultivar, and higher (30-90% higher yield) than PI 436626 (1020 kg ha(-1)), the donor parent of the waxy trait. This line was primarily released for its waxy starch grain and its adequate yield, which was similar to the high-yielding locally adapted proso millet cultivars. C1 [Santra, D. K.; Frickel, G.; Nielsen, E.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Heyduck, R. F.] Univ New Mexico, Agr Res Ctr, Farmington, NM 87499 USA. [Baltensperger, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Nelson, L. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Santra, DK (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, 4502 Ave I, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. EM dsantra2@unl.edu FU Nebraska State Department of Agriculture Specialty Crops Grant [26-6343-0230-001]; Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station; Nebraska Wheat Board [26-6243-0305-003]; Cross Road Coop and Friends of Proso Millet Research Fund [26-6243-0362-001]; multi-state Hatch grant [25-6243-0374-213]; Hatch project [NEB-43-105] FX The Nebraska Crop Improvement Association provided technical assistance in describing the cultivar characteristics and accomplishing technology transfer. 'Plateau' was developed with partial financial support from the Nebraska State Department of Agriculture Specialty Crops Grant (26-6343-0230-001), Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station, the Nebraska Wheat Board (26-6243-0305-003), Cross Road Coop and Friends of Proso Millet Research Fund (26-6243-0362-001), and multi-state Hatch grant (25-6243-0374-213). Partial funding for D.K. Santra is from Hatch project NEB-43-105. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 41 EP 43 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.11.0067crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000008 ER PT J AU Isleib, TG Milla-Lewis, SR Pattee, HE Copeland, SC Zuleta, MC Shew, BB Hollowell, JE Sanders, TH Dean, LO Hendrix, KW Balota, M Chapin, JW Monfort, WS AF Isleib, Thomas G. Milla-Lewis, Susana R. Pattee, Harold E. Copeland, Susan C. Zuleta, M. Carolina Shew, Barbara B. Hollowell, Joyce E. Sanders, Timothy H. Dean, Lisa O. Hendrix, Keith W. Balota, Maria Chapin, Jay W. Monfort, W. Scott TI Registration of 'Sugg' Peanut SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GERMPLASM AB 'Sugg' (Reg. No. CV-125, PI 666112) is a large-seeded virginia-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar with partial resistance to four diseases that occur commonly in the Virginia-Carolina production area: early leafspot caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori, Cylindrocladium black rot caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, Wingfield & Alfenas, Sclerotinia blight caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger, and tomato spotted wilt caused by the Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus. Sugg was developed as part of a program of selection for multiple disease resistance funded by growers, seed dealers, shellers, and processors. Sugg was tested under the experimental designation N03091T and released by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service (NCARS) in 2009. Sugg was tested by the NCARS, the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, and five other state agricultural experiment stations and the USDA-ARS units participating in the Uniform Peanut Performance Tests. Sugg has alternate branching pattern, intermediate runner growth habit, medium green foliage, and high contents of fancy pods and medium virginia-type seeds. It has seeds with pink testa averaging 957 mg seed(-1), approximately 40% jumbo and 46% fancy pods, and extra-large kernel content of similar to 47%. Sugg is named in honor of Norfleet "Fleet" Sugg and the late Joseph "Joe" Sugg, cousins who served consecutively as executive directors of the North Carolina Peanut Growers Association from 1966 through 1993. C1 [Isleib, Thomas G.; Milla-Lewis, Susana R.; Copeland, Susan C.; Zuleta, M. Carolina] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Pattee, Harold E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Shew, Barbara B.; Hollowell, Joyce E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sanders, Timothy H.; Dean, Lisa O.; Hendrix, Keith W.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Balota, Maria] Tidewater Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Suffolk, VA 23437 USA. [Chapin, Jay W.; Monfort, W. Scott] Edisto Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. RP Isleib, TG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Box 7629, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tom_isleib@ncsu.edu OI Milla-Lewis, Susana/0000-0001-8524-5039 FU Natl. Peanut Board; N.C. Peanut Growers Assoc.; N.C. Crop Improvement Assoc.; N.C. Foundation Seed Producers, Inc.; Peanut Foundation FX Development of this cultivar was supported by grants from the Natl. Peanut Board, the N.C. Peanut Growers Assoc., the N.C. Crop Improvement Assoc., the N.C. Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., and the Peanut Foundation. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 44 EP 52 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.09.0059crc PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000009 ER PT J AU Zhao, D Comstock, JC Sandhu, HS Glaz, B Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Sood, S Gilbert, RA McCorkle, K Glynn, NC AF Zhao, Duli Comstock, Jack C. Sandhu, Hardev S. Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Sood, Sushma Gilbert, Robert A. McCorkle, Katherine Glynn, Neil C. TI Registration of 'CP 06-2400' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RUST RESISTANCE AB 'CP 06-2400' (Reg. No. CV-159, PI 670018) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and released to growers for organic (muck) soils in Florida in October 2013. CP 06-2400 was selected from a polycross made at Canal Point, FL, on 16 Jan. 2004 with cultivar CP 94-1100 as the female parent. The male parent could be any one of the clones used in the polycross. CP 06-2400 was released because of its high cane and sucrose yields and acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose on muck soils and its acceptable levels of resistance to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler), leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtsuhenko et al.), and smut [caused by Sporisorium scitamineum (Syd.) Piepenbring et al.] in Florida. Based on results of 17 harvests of three crops (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon) in the final-stage replicated yield trials conducted at six locations on muck soils and compared with a reference cultivar CP 89-2143, CP 06-2400 had 38.2% higher cane yield and 26.4% higher sucrose yield (P < 0.01). CP 06-2400 ranked second to third best for freeze tolerance among 21 genotypes field tested for temporal sucrose deterioration. C1 [Zhao, Duli; Comstock, Jack C.; Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Sood, Sushma; McCorkle, Katherine] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Sandhu, Hardev S.; Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Glynn, Neil C.] Syngenta Seeds Inc, Longmont, CO 80501 USA. RP Zhao, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM duli.zhao@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.01.0002crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000013 ER PT J AU Glover, KD Hall, RG Jin, Y Osborne, LE Ingemansen, JA Turnipseed, EB Hareland, GA AF Glover, K. D. Hall, R. G. Jin, Y. Osborne, L. E. Ingemansen, J. A. Turnipseed, E. B. Hareland, G. A. TI Registration of 'Advance' Hard Red Spring Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE AB Grower and end-user acceptance of new hard red spring wheat (HRSW; Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars is largely contingent on satisfactory agronomic performance, end-use quality potential, and disease resistance levels. Additional characteristics, such as desirable plant height, can also help to maximize grower acceptance. The objective of this research was to release a short-statured HRSW cultivar with competitive grain yield, grain volume weight (GVW), and end-use quality characteristics and acceptable levels of Fusarium head blight (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) resistance. 'Advance' (Reg. No. CV-1104, PI 664482) HRSW was developed at South Dakota State University (SDSU) and released by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (SDAES) in early 2012. The cross 'Granger' (PI 636134)/N98-0230 was completed during fall 2001. Granger was released by SDAES in 2004, and N98-0230 is an unreleased experimental breeding line developed by the AgriPro (Syngenta) Wheat Hard Red Spring breeding program. The population was advanced via an early-generation bulk-testing program where F-4:7 seed was included in the 2006 preliminary yield trial and the line was designated SD4023. SD4023 also was tested in the advanced yield trial from 2007 through 2011. Advance was released for its combination of high yield potential, GVW, and bread loaf volume. Additionally, its plant height is significantly shorter than most other HRSW cultivars developed by the SDSU-HRSW breeding program. C1 [Glover, K. D.; Hall, R. G.; Ingemansen, J. A.; Turnipseed, E. B.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Osborne, L. E.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Volga, SD 57071 USA. [Hareland, G. A.] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Glover, KD (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Karl.Glover@sdstate.edu FU South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; South Dakota Wheat Commission; South Dakota Crop Improvement Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0206-9-052] FX K.D. Glover, R.G. Hall, J.A. Ingemansen, and E.B. Turnipseed, Plant Science Dep., South Dakota State Univ., Brookings, SD 57007; Y. Jin, USDA-ARS and Dep. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108; L.E. Osborne, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Volga, SD 57071; G.A. Hareland 9retired), USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND 58105;. Advance was developed with partial financial support from the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota Wheat Commission, South Dakota Crop Improvement Association, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0206-9-052. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.06.0044crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000015 ER PT J AU Bell, AA Robinson, AF Quintana, J Duke, SE Starr, JL Stelly, DM Zheng, XT Prom, S Saladino, V Gutierrez, OA Stetina, SR Nichols, RL AF Bell, Alois A. Robinson, A. Forest Quintana, Jose Duke, Sara E. Starr, James L. Stelly, David M. Zheng, Xiuting Prom, Sandria Saladino, Vince Gutierrez, Osman A. Stetina, Salliana R. Nichols, Robert L. TI Registration of BARBREN-713 Germplasm Line of Upland Cotton Resistant to Reniform and Root-Knot Nematodes SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; INTROGRESSION; CHROMOSOMES; LONGICALYX; GENES AB Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm line BARBREN-713 (Reg. No. GP-987, PI 671965) was developed and released by the USDA-ARS, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, and Cotton Incorporated in 2012. The objective of the release was to provide public and private breeders with an agronomically desirable germplasm that is resistant to both the reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) and the root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood]. The line also has excellent seedling vigor in fields infested with nematodes and fungal root rot pathogens, such as Thielaviopsis basicola, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium spp. Resistance to reniform nematode was transferred from G. barbadense GB713 (PI 608139) and is associated primarily with the Ren(2)(GB713) gene on chromosome 21. Resistance to root-knot nematode was transferred from the germplasm line M-315 RNR (PI 592514), 'LA 887', or 'Acala Nem-X' and is associated primarily with the Mi-1 gene on chromosome 11. The codominant simple sequence repeat markers, BNL 3279_105 and CIR 316_202, respectively, were closely linked to the resistance genes. A single nucleotide polymorphism marker, GI-187401, also was developed to detect the Ren 2 GB713 gene. In controlled environment assays, BARBREN-713 suppressed reproduction of both nematodes by 90% or more. It also reduced reniform nematode populations in the field at eight locations in four states. The line has fiber quality similar to M-315 RNR but yielded more than M-315 RNR in reniform nematode-infested fields. C1 [Bell, Alois A.; Robinson, A. Forest; Quintana, Jose; Duke, Sara E.] Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Insect Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Starr, James L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Stelly, David M.; Zheng, Xiuting; Prom, Sandria; Saladino, Vince] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Gutierrez, Osman A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Stetina, Salliana R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bell, AA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Insect Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, 2765 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM al.bell@ars.usda.gov OI Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 89 EP 93 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.04.0021crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000016 ER PT J AU Campbell, BT Jones, MA Greene, JK Jones, DC AF Campbell, B. T. Jones, M. A. Greene, J. K. Jones, D. C. TI Registration of PD 05035 and PD 05041 Germplasm Lines of Cotton SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB PD 05035 (Reg. No. GP-985, PI 672483) and PD 05041 (Reg. No. GP-986, PI 672484) are noncommercial breeding lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) jointly released by the USDA-ARS, the Clemson University Experiment Station, and Cotton Incorporated in 2014. PD 05035 was selected from a cross of PD 93007 and cultivar Sure-Grow 747, and PD 05041 from a cross of PD 93046 and Sure-Grow 747. PD 05035 and PD 05041 possess broad adaptation from California east to Virginia and display outstanding fiber quality properties significantly better than several commercial cultivars. Specifically, PD 05035 and PD 05041 possess outstanding fiber strength and length potential, while also maintaining micronaire values lower than commercial cultivars. PD 05035 and PD 05041 also display fiber spinning characteristics superior to commercial cultivars. Both germplasm lines possess an okra leaf shape, display mid-season maturity, and produce lint yields similar to or better than commercial cultivars. PD 05035 and PD 05041 are broadly adapted across the entire U.S. upland cotton production region. The combination of longer fiber length, stronger fiber strength, lower micronaire, improved fiber spinning characteristics, okra leaf shape, and broad adaptation make PD 05035 and PD 05041 valuable genetic resources to cotton breeding programs. C1 [Campbell, B. T.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Jones, M. A.] Clemson Univ, Florence, SC 29506 USA. [Jones, D. C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Campbell, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM todd.campbell@ars.usda.gov FU CRIS of the U.S. Department of Agriculture [6657-21000-007-00D]; Cotton Incorporated FX PD 05035 and PD 05041 were developed with financial support from CRIS No. 6657-21000-007-00D of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Cotton Incorporated. Special thanks to Bobby Fisher and Dan Robinson for technical assistance. Thanks to Chris Delhom for providing AFIS and mini-spinning data. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 99 EP 102 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.06.0045crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000018 ER PT J AU Chamberlin, KD Damicone, JP Baring, MR Burow, MD Godsey, CB Bennett, RS Melouk, HA Simpson, CE AF Chamberlin, K. D. Damicone, J. P. Baring, M. R. Burow, M. D. Godsey, C. B. Bennett, R. S. Melouk, H. A. Simpson, C. E. TI Registration of High-Oleic Peanut Germplasm Line ARSOK-S1 (TX996784) with Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia Blight and Pod Rot SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB The high-oleic spanish peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata var. vulgaris) germplasm line ARSOK-S1 (Reg. No. GP-237, PI 670132) was developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, and Oklahoma State University and was released in 2013. ARSOK-S1 (tested early as TX996784) is the product of a fourth backcross between the recurrent parent 'Tamspan 90' and F435-1-1, the donor of the high-oleic trait. Field performance testing in Oklahoma and Texas indicates that ARSOK-S1 has significantly enhanced resistance to Sclerotinia blight (caused by Sclerotinia minor Jagger) and pod rot (caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, Pythium myriotylum Dresch.), two diseases prominent in the southwestern United States but also prevalent across many U.S. peanut-growing regions. The purpose for releasing ARSOK-S1 is to provide breeding programs with a source of a high-oleic spanish-type peanut that has acceptable yield and grade along with enhanced disease resistance. C1 [Chamberlin, K. D.; Bennett, R. S.] USDA ARS, Wheat Peanut & Other Field Crops Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Damicone, J. P.; Melouk, H. A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Baring, M. R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Burow, M. D.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX USA. [Godsey, C. B.] Oklahoma State Univ, Plant & Soil Sci Dept, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Simpson, C. E.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Stephenville, TX USA. RP Chamberlin, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Wheat Peanut & Other Field Crops Res Unit, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM kelly.chamberlin@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; Oklahoma Peanut Commission; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Texas Peanut Producers Board; Texas AgriLife Research FX ARSOK-S1 was developed with financial support from the USDA-ARS, the Oklahoma Peanut Commission, Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas Peanut Producers Board, and Texas AgriLife Research. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 103 EP 107 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.08.0044crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000019 ER PT J AU Arelli, PR Pantalone, VR Allen, FL Mengistu, A Fritz, LA AF Arelli, Prakash R. Pantalone, Vincent R. Allen, Fred L. Mengistu, Alemu Fritz, Lisa A. TI Registration of JTN-5203 Soybean Germplasm with Resistance to Multiple Cyst Nematode Populations SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID HETERODERA-GLYCINES; MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; HARTWIG; RACES AB JTN-5203 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. No. GP-393, PI 664903) was developed and released by the USDA-ARS in collaboration with the University of Tennessee in 2012 for its broad resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), as well as reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) and fungal diseases, combined with its high yield potential. JTN-5203 is an F-6-derived line from the cross 'Caviness' x 'Anand'. The F-1 plants were advanced to the F-5 generation using single pod descent method in Costa Rica from 1997 to 1999. Selected plants were evaluated in greenhouse bioassays for SCN resistance and were confirmed in marker-assisted selection. JTN-5203 was entered in the USDA Uniform Soybean Tests, Southern States Preliminary V and Uniform V Tests for multiple years from 2005 to present. Further evaluations were conducted for frogeye leaf spot (caused by Cercospora sojina), reniform nematode, sudden death syndrome (SDS; caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. glycines), and stem canker (caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis). JTN-5203 was found to be resistant to these multiple pathogens. JTN-5203 will serve as an excellent parent material in breeding programs for providing durable resistance to multiple nematode populations and several fungal pathogens while maintaining very high yield potential. This germplasm line could also serve as an excellent conventional soybean cultivar for producers in the Mid-South and Southeast regions of the United States. C1 [Arelli, Prakash R.; Mengistu, Alemu; Fritz, Lisa A.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Pantalone, Vincent R.; Allen, Fred L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Arelli, PR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, 605 Airways Blvd, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. EM Prakash.Arelli@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board; Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board FX Funding for this research was supplemented by the United Soybean Board and the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this paper is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement of approval by the USDA-ARS, NAL, or BIC of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 108 EP 114 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.04.0026crg PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000020 ER PT J AU Panella, L Hanson, LE McGrath, JM Fenwick, AL Stevanato, P Frese, L Lewellen, RT AF Panella, Lee Hanson, Linda E. McGrath, J. Mitch Fenwick, Ann L. Stevanato, Piergiorgio Frese, Lothar Lewellen, Robert T. TI Registration of FC305 Multigerm Sugarbeet Germplasm Selected from a Cross to a Crop Wild Relative SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID CERCOSPORA-BETICOLA; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENICITY; RHIZOMANIA; VIRULENCE; FIELD; GENE AB FC305 (Reg. No. GP-286, PI 671963) sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) germplasm was developed and released by the USDA-ARS, at Fort Collins, CO, Salinas, CA, and East Lansing, MI, in cooperation with the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, Denver, CO. This germplasm is a diploid, sugarbeet population in normal cytoplasm, segregating for self-sterility (Sf:SsSs), multigermity (M:mm), and hypocotyl color (R:rr). FC305 has moderate resistance to cercospora leaf spot (CLS) (caused by Cercospora beticola Sacc.), aphanomyces root rot (caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides Drechsl.), and beet curly top (Beet curly top virus), as well as resistance to Fusarium yellows [caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. betae (Stewart) Snyd. & Hans.]. This germplasm is segregating for resistance to rhizomania (Beet necrotic yellow vein virus) and contains both Rz1 and Rz2 genes for resistance. There was no resistance to root-rotting strains (AG-2-2) of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. FC305 could provide an alternate source of resistance to CLS and Fusarium yellows in a diverse genetic background to enrich the cultivated sugarbeet germplasm base. FC305 provides a source from which to select disease-resistant, multigerm pollinator parents. Because monogerm and O-type is within its parentage, it should be possible to select monogerm, O-type, CMS-maintainer lines from FC305 as well. C1 [Panella, Lee] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hanson, Linda E.; McGrath, J. Mitch] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fenwick, Ann L.] BSDF, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Stevanato, Piergiorgio] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Agron Anim Alimenti Risorse Nat & Am, DAFNAE, I-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy. [Frese, Lothar] Fed Res Ctr Cultivated Plants JKI, Julius Kuhn Inst, Inst Breeding Res Agr Crops, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany. [Lewellen, Robert T.] USDA ARS, PWA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Panella, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Lee.Panella@Colostate.edu FU Beet Sugar Development Foundation; Western Sugar Cooperative FX We thank the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, and the Western Sugar Cooperative for their support of the USDA-ARS breeding programs at Fort Collins, CO, East Lansing, MI, and Salinas, CA. Tests at Shakopee and Rosemount, MN, were conducted by M. Rekoske and J. Miller, Betaseed, Inc., and reaction to BCT was tested in the BSDF beet curly top nursery at Kimberly, ID, and evaluated by USDA-ARS scientists C. Strausbaugh and I. Eujayl. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.08.0052crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000021 ER PT J AU Feng, JH Liu, Z Seiler, GJ Jan, CC AF Feng, Jiuhuan Liu, Zhao Seiler, Gerald J. Jan, C. C. TI Registration of Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Oilseed Sunflower Genetic Stocks, CMS GIG2 and CMS GIG2-RV, and Fertility Restoration Lines, RF GIG2-MAX 1631 and RF GIG2-MAX 1631-RV SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L.; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; LINKAGE MAP; GERMPLASM; MARKERS; RUST AB Two cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic stocks, CMS GIG2 (Reg. No. GS-54, PI 671967) and CMS GIG2-RV (Reg. No. GS-55, PI 671968), and corresponding fertility restoration lines, RF GIG2-MAX 1631 (Reg. No. GS-56, PI 671969) and RF GIG2-MAX 1631-RV (Reg. No. GS-57, PI 671970), developed by the USDA-ARS Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit in collaboration with the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station were released in December 2013. CMS GIG2 was derived from an interspecific cross between H. giganteus accession 1934 and H. annuus 'HA 89'. The line possessing the corresponding fertility restoration gene Rf(4) was derived from an amphiploid obtained after hybridization of NMS HA 89 (a nuclear male sterility mutant of HA 89) and H. maximiliani Schrad. 1631 (PI 468750) followed by colchicine treatment. CMS GIG2 and its restoration line were developed in an HA 89 background through recurrent backcross and single plant selection techniques. CMS GIG2-RV and RF GIG2-MAX 1631-RV lines produce plants with reduced vigor (RV) due to the loss of vigor restoration genes through backcrossing with HA 89; therefore, both lines share the genetic background of the cultivated line HA 89. Fertility restoration is controlled by a single dominant gene, Rf(4). Tightly linked codominant simple sequence repeat markers, ORS 13 and ORS 1114, mapped about 0.9 cM from the Rf(4) locus, and a dominant STS 10B1 mapped at 3.1 cM away will facilitate marker-assisted selection in sunflower breeding. The CMS and RF lines will provide an alternative source for parental line development for hybrid sunflower production. C1 [Feng, Jiuhuan; Liu, Zhao] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Seiler, Gerald J.; Jan, C. C.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Jan, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM chaochien.jan@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS National Sclerotinia Initiative Grants Program [FAR0017307]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5442 21000-039-00D] FX We thank Lisa Brown for assistance in greenhouse and field work, and Jinguo Hu, Bing Yue, Chenggen Chu, Caifeng Li, and Ana Capatana for technical assistance and valuable discussions. We also thank Larry G. Campbell and Steven S. Xu for critical review of this manuscript. This work was supported by funding from the USDA-ARS National Sclerotinia Initiative Grants Program FAR0017307 awarded to CCJ, and the USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5442 21000-039-00D. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 125 EP 127 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.05.0029crgs PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000023 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Liu, G Jia, MH McClung, AM AF Jia, Y. Liu, G. Jia, Melissa H. McClung, Anna M. TI Registration of a Rice Gene Mapping Population of Lemont x Jasmine 85 Recombinant Inbred Lines SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SHEATH BLIGHT RESISTANCE; GERMPLASM LINES; BLAST; QTLS AB A mapping population developed from a cross of rice (Oryza sativa L.) tropical japonica cultivar Lemont and indica cultivar Jasmine 85 was developed to facilitate genetic studies for important agronomic traits. The indica-and tropical japonica-based rice recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population has been used to identify genomic regions associated with resistance to sheath blight (caused by Rhizoctonia solani) and rice blast (caused by Magnaporthe oryzae). The Lemont x Jasmine 85 mapping population, also referred to as SB5 (Reg. No. MP-7, NSL 506950), was developed under the Rice Coordinated Agricultural Project (RiceCAP) and released on 31 Aug. 2009 by the USDA-ARS and University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture. The mapping population has 572 F2:8 RILs, 256 of which were used to construct a linkage map using simple sequence repeat markers to identify quantitative trait loci for sheath blight and blast resistance. This mapping population and related datasets represent a valuable resource for basic rice genomic research and applied marker-assisted breeding efforts in disease resistance and other agronomic traits. C1 [Jia, Y.; Jia, Melissa H.; McClung, Anna M.] USDA ARS, DB NRRC, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Liu, G.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Jia, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, DB NRRC, 2890 Hwy 130E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM Yulin.Jia@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service-National Research Initiative- Applied Plant Genomics Program (USDA/CSREES) [2004-35317-14867] FX The authors thank Justin Owens, Howard Black, LaDuska Simpson, Tony Beaty, Jestin Thomas, Sarah Hendrix, Alan Sites, Michael Lin, and Ellen McWhirter at DB NRRC for excellent technical assistance. This work was supported in part by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service-National Research Initiative- Applied Plant Genomics Program titled "RiceCAP: A coordinated research, education, and extension project for the application of genomic discoveries to improve rice in the United States" (USDA/CSREES grant 2004-35317-14867). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 128 EP 132 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.03.0014crmp PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CF3ZO UT WOS:000352488000024 ER PT J AU Kanno, Y Letcher, BH Rosner, AL O'Neil, KP Nislow, KH AF Kanno, Yoichiro Letcher, Benjamin H. Rosner, Ana L. O'Neil, Kyle P. Nislow, Keith H. TI Environmental Factors Affecting Brook Trout Occurrence in Headwater Stream Segments SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; SPECIES RICHNESS; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; BROWN TROUT; LAND-USE; ELECTROFISHING EFFORT; NETWORK STRUCTURE; CHANNEL NETWORKS; THERMAL HABITAT AB We analyzed the associations of catchment-scale and riparian-scale environmental factors with occurrence of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis in Connecticut headwater stream segments with catchment areas of <15 km(2). A hierarchical Bayesian approach was applied to a statewide stream survey data set, in which Brook Trout detection probability was incorporated and statistical significance of environmental covariates was based on 95% credible intervals of estimated coefficients that did not overlap a value of zero. Forested land at the catchment scale was the most important covariate affecting Brook Trout occurrence; i.e., heavily forested catchments with corresponding low levels of developed and impervious land area were more likely to be occupied by Brook Trout. Coarse surficial geology (an indicator of groundwater potential) and stream slope had significantly positive effects on occurrence, whereas herbaceous plant cover and wetland and open water area had significantly negative effects. Catchmentscale and riparian-scale covariates were highly correlated in many instances, and no riparian-scale covariate was retained in the final model. Detection probability of Brook Trout at the stream-segment scale was high (mean, 0.85). Our model had a high predictive ability, and the mean value of receiver operating characteristic area under the curve was 0.80 across 100 leave-some-out iterations. The fine spatial grain of this study identified patches of suitable stream habitat for Brook Trout in Connecticut, particularly in the northwestern part. Our analysis revealed a more optimistic status of Brook Trout in Connecticut than did a coarser-grained analysis across the USA. C1 [Kanno, Yoichiro] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Letcher, Benjamin H.; Rosner, Ana L.; O'Neil, Kyle P.] US Geol Survey, Silvio O Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Kanno, Y (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM ykanno@clemson.edu RI Rosner, Ana/M-8281-2015 OI Rosner, Ana/0000-0002-9799-3883 FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative FX This research was financially supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative. We thank Mike Beauchene for sharing stream-fish survey data collected over years by many fisheries biologists at the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. An earlier version of this manuscript was greatly improved by constructive comments by Daniel Hocking, Tyler Wagner, and an anonymous reviewer. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2015 VL 144 IS 2 BP 373 EP 382 DI 10.1080/00028487.2014.991446 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA CF7HE UT WOS:000352726200014 ER PT J AU van Noort, S Buffington, ML Forshage, M AF van Noort, Simon Buffington, Matthew L. Forshage, Mattias TI Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Africa; Afrotropical; Cynipidae; Cynipoidea; Figitidae; Ibaliidae; identification key; Liopteridae; Madagascar ID CABBAGE ROOT FLY; ANACHARIS-MELANONEURA HYMENOPTERA; LEPTOPILINA SPECIES HYMENOPTERA; RADICUM DIPTERA ANTHOMYIIDAE; DILYTA FORSTER HYMENOPTERA; GALL WASPS HYMENOPTERA; TRYBLIOGRAPHA-RAPAE; DELIA-RADICUM; CYNIPIDAE CYNIPINI; 1ST RECORD AB The Afrotropical Cynipoidea are represented by 306 described species and 54 genera in four families: Cynipidae, Figitidae, Liopteridae and Ibaliidae, the latter represented by a single introduced species. Seven of these genera are only represented by undescribed species in the region. Seven new genus-level synonymies, one genus resurrected from synonymy, 54 new combinations, one combination reinstated, and one new replacement name are presented. We provide identification keys to the families, subfamilies and genera of cynipoid wasps occurring in the Afrotropical region (Africa south of the Sahara, including Madagascar and southern Arabian Peninsula). Online interactive Lucid Phoenix and Lucid matrix keys are available at: http://www.waspweb.org/Cynipoidea/Keys/index.htm. An overview of the biology and checklists of species for each genus are provided. This paper constitutes the first contributory chapter to the book on Afrotropical Hymenoptera. C1 [van Noort, Simon] Iziko South African Museum, Nat Hist Dept, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. [van Noort, Simon] Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Forshage, Mattias] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. RP van Noort, S (reprint author), Iziko South African Museum, Nat Hist Dept, POB 61, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. EM svannoort@iziko.org.za RI van Noort, Simon/C-4006-2017 OI van Noort, Simon/0000-0001-6930-9741 FU World Wildlife Fund (US); South African National Research Foundation grants [GUN 2068865, GUN 61497, GUN 79004, GUN 79211, GUN 81139]; National Science Foundation under PlatyPBI [DEB-0614764]; Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA/ARS; Florida State University, School of Computational Science, Tallahassee, FL USA [32306-4026] FX Various conservation bodies granted permits to collect specimens including: Cape Nature, Eastern Cape Department of Environmental Affairs; Northern Cape Department of Nature and Environmental Conservation, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, and SANparks (South Africa); Directeur de la Faune et de la Chasse, Libreville (Gabon); Ugandan Wildlife Authority and UNCST (Uganda); Directorate of Research, Kenya Wildlife Service (Kenya). The expedition to the Central African Republic was supported by funds from the World Wildlife Fund (US). SvN was funded by South African National Research Foundation grants: GUN 2068865; GUN 61497; GUN 79004; GUN 79211; GUN 81139. Part of the South African field work conducted by SvN and associated sample processing was funded by the National Science Foundation under PlatyPBI grant No. DEB-0614764 to N.F. Johnson and A.D. Austin. MLB was funded by the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA/ARS. We also acknowledge MorphBank (http://www.morphbank.net), Florida State University, School of Computational Science, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4026 USA. The massive collections in SAMC have been made available through considerable curatorial efforts by Dawn Larsen and Aisha Mayekiso. Other vast collections have been available for study channelled by Bob Zuparko (CASC) and Bob Copeland (ICIPE). David Notton hosted MF repeatedly and MB and SVN on several occasions in London, where also John Noyes, Gavin Broad and Andy Polaszek have been helpful. Other curators or assistants which have hosted shorter visits and/or handled loan requests are Claire Villemant and Agniele Touret-Alby (MNHN), Frank Koch (ZMBH), Eliane de Coninck (RMCA), Bob Zuparko (CASC), Andreas Taeger and Stephan Blank (DEI), Sandor Czosz (HNHM), Fritz Gusenleitner and Martin Schwarz (OLML), Ottilie Neser and Ros Urban (SANC), Christer Hansson, Christoffer Fagerstrom and Roy Danielsson (MZLU). Others, like William Foster (CUMZ) and Ralph Peters and Kai Schutte (ZMUH) responded helpfully to enquiries. Gary Gibson carried specimens from CNCI. Others who have contributed specimens include Lucian Fusu, Mathias Jaschof, George Melika, etc. Unpublished data and insightful ideas were provided by Goran Nordlander. Thanks to Jose Luis Nieves-Aldrey for carefully reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. NR 266 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 493 BP 1 EP 176 DI 10.3897/zookeys.493.6353 PG 176 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF2GL UT WOS:000352365500001 PM 25878545 ER PT J AU Watkins, C Westphal, LM Gobster, PH Vining, J Wali, A Tudor, M AF Watkins, Cristy Westphal, Lynne M. Gobster, Paul H. Vining, Joanne Wali, Alaka Tudor, Madeleine TI Shared Principles of Restoration Practice in the Chicago Wilderness Region SO HUMAN ECOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Article DE ADICO; Chicago Wilderness; ecological restoration; institutional statements ID ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS; DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK; LOCAL ENFORCEMENT; FOREST MANAGEMENT; GRAMMAR; RULES; KNOWLEDGE; GOALS; KEY AB We describe the rules, norms, and strategies (institutional statements) that characterize ecological restoration across 10 organizations in the Chicago Wilderness region. Our use of Ostrom's IAD ADICO grammar tool is novel in both context (non-extractive resource management) and data type (qualitative interviews). Results suggest that, in contrast to a focus on rules in the literature, restoration is overwhelmingly guided by strategies (institutional statements void of tangible or emotional sanctions). Moreover, a small, but critical set of norms exist. From over 1,700 institutional statements extracted, we found a suite of rich principles that guide behavior in all of the organizations: (1) qualify, don't quantify; (2) listen to the land; (3) practice follow-up; (4) do no harm; (5) respond to sanctions from the land; (6) balance diverse internal stakeholders; and (7) balance diverse external factors. These principles suggest that Chicago Wilderness restorationists have a strong shared understanding upon which collective action and adaptive management occurs. C1 [Watkins, Cristy] Univ Michigan, Int Forestry Resources & Inst Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Westphal, Lynne M.; Gobster, Paul H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Vining, Joanne] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci NRES, Environm Psychol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wali, Alaka] Field Museum, North Amer Anthropol, Chicago, IL USA. [Tudor, Madeleine] Field Museum, Sci Act Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. RP Westphal, LM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM lwestphal@fs.fed.us NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU SOC HUMAN ECOLOGY PI BAR HARBOR PA 105 EDEN ST, BAR HARBOR, ME 04609 USA SN 1074-4827 J9 HUM ECOL REV JI Hum. Ecol. Rev. PY 2015 VL 21 IS 1 BP 155 EP 177 PG 23 WC Environmental Studies; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Sociology GA CE9QV UT WOS:000352179400007 ER PT J AU Arismendi, I Johnson, SL Dunham, JB AF Arismendi, I. Johnson, S. L. Dunham, J. B. TI Technical Note: Higher-order statistical moments and a procedure that detects potentially anomalous years as two alternative methods describing alterations in continuous environmental data SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE EXPERIMENTS; STREAM TEMPERATURE; THERMAL REGIMES; EXTREMES; OREGON AB Statistics of central tendency and dispersion may not capture relevant or desired characteristics of the distribution of continuous phenomena and, thus, they may not adequately describe temporal patterns of change. Here, we present two methodological approaches that can help to identify temporal changes in environmental regimes. First, we use higher-order statistical moments (skewness and kurtosis) to examine potential changes of empirical distributions at decadal extents. Second, we adapt a statistical procedure combining a non-metric multidimensional scaling technique and higher density region plots to detect potentially anomalous years. We illustrate the use of these approaches by examining long-term stream temperature data from minimally and highly human-influenced streams. In particular, we contrast predictions about thermal regime responses to changing climates and human-related water uses. Using these methods, we effectively diagnose years with unusual thermal variability and patterns in variability through time, as well as spatial variability linked to regional and local factors that influence stream temperature. Our findings highlight the complexity of responses of thermal regimes of streams and reveal their differential vulnerability to climate warming and human-related water uses. The two approaches presented here can be applied with a variety of other continuous phenomena to address historical changes, extreme events, and their associated ecological responses. C1 [Arismendi, I.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, S. L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dunham, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Arismendi, I (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ivan.arismendi@oregonstate.edu RI Arismendi, Ivan/B-3144-2010 OI Arismendi, Ivan/0000-0002-8774-9350 FU National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program [DEB 08-23380]; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University; US Geological Survey; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University through joint venture [10-JV-11261991-055] FX Brooke Penaluna and two anonymous reviewers provided comments that improved the manuscript. Vicente Monleon revised statistical concepts. Part of the data was provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 08-23380), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. Financial support for I. Arismendi was provided by US Geological Survey, the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University through joint venture agreement 10-JV-11261991-055. Use of firm or trade names is for reader information only and does not imply endorsement of any product or service by the US Government. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2015 VL 19 IS 3 BP 1169 EP 1180 DI 10.5194/hess-19-1169-2015 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA CE9JQ UT WOS:000352160600004 ER PT J AU Baroch, JA Gagnon, CA Lacouture, S Gottschalk, M AF Baroch, John A. Gagnon, Carl A. Lacouture, Sonia Gottschalk, Marcelo TI Exposure of feral swine (Sus scrofa) in the United States to selected pathogens SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED-PIGS; PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE-2; ACTINOBACILLUS-PLEUROPNEUMONIAE; STREPTOCOCCUS-SUIS; WILD BOARS; LAWSONIA-INTRACELLULARIS; NORTH-CAROLINA; SEROPREVALENCE; PREVALENCE; ASSAY AB Feral swine (Sus scrofa) are widely distributed in the United States. In 2011 and 2012, serum samples and tonsils were recovered from 162 and 37 feral swine, respectively, in the US to evaluate exposure to important swine endemic pathogens. Antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) were found in 2.5% and 25.3% of tested sera, respectively. Positive serological reactions against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae have been detected in 19.7% and 69.7% of animals. More than 15% of animals presented antibodies against these 2 pathogens simultaneously. Most animals were also seropositive for Lawsonia intracellularis. Feral swine can also be involved in transmission of zoonotic agents. Almost 50% of animals possessed antibodies against Salmonella. In addition, 94.4% of animals were carriers of Streptococcus suis in their tonsils. In conclusion, feral swine may be considered as a potential reservoir for different endemic diseases in domestic pigs, as well as for important zoonotic agents. C1 [Baroch, John A.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv APHIS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gagnon, Carl A.; Lacouture, Sonia; Gottschalk, Marcelo] Univ Montreal, Fac Med Vet, Grp Rech Malad Infect Porc, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 2M2, Canada. RP Gottschalk, M (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Fac Med Vet, Grp Rech Malad Infect Porc, 3200 Sicotte, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 2M2, Canada. EM marcelo.gottschalk@umontreal.ca RI Gottschalk, Marcelo/I-8116-2012 FU USDA/APHIS National Wildlife Disease Program; Diagnostic Service of the University of Montreal FX The authors thank Dr. R. Desrosiers for helpful discussions. Financial support for this study was provided by the USDA/APHIS National Wildlife Disease Program and the Diagnostic Service of the University of Montreal. Thanks to the following biologists who collected tonsils in the field: W. Gaston, C. Turnage, M. Milleson, D. Kavanaugh, S. Goldstein, and S. Woodruff and to the many biologists with the Wildlife Disease Program who collected serum samples. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 74 EP 78 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CE6NB UT WOS:000351952900012 PM 25673913 ER PT J AU Heslot, N Jannink, JL Sorrells, ME AF Heslot, Nicolas Jannink, Jean-Luc Sorrells, Mark E. TI Perspectives for Genomic Selection Applications and Research in Plants SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; HEAD BLIGHT RESISTANCE; GENOMEWIDE SELECTION; MOLECULAR MARKERS; PREDICTION ACCURACY; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; DAIRY-CATTLE; GENETIC EVALUATION; BREEDING PROGRAMS; DROUGHT TOLERANCE AB Genomic selection (GS) has created a lot of excitement and expectations in the animal-and plant-breeding research communities. In this review, we briefly describe how genomic prediction can be integrated into breeding efforts and point out achievements and areas where more research is needed. Genomic selection provides many opportunities to increase genetic gain in plant breeding per unit time and cost. Early empirical and simulation results are promising, but for GS to deliver genetic gains, careful consideration of the problem of optimal resource allocation is needed. Consideration of the cost-benefit balance of using markers for each trait and stage of the breeding cycle is needed, moving beyond only focusing on recurrent selection with GS on a few complex traits, using prediction on unphenotyped individuals. With decreasing marker cost, phenotype data is quickly becoming the most valuable asset and marker-assisted selection strategies should focus on making the most of scarce and expensive phenotypes. It is important to realize that markers can also improve accuracy of selection for phenotyped individuals. Use of markers as an aid to phenotype analysis suggests a number of new strategies in terms of experimental design and multi-trait models. GS also provides new ways to analyze and deal with genotype by environment interactions. Lastly, we point to some recent results showing that new models are needed to improve predictions particularly with respect to the use of distantly related individuals in the training population. C1 [Heslot, Nicolas; Jannink, Jean-Luc; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Heslot, Nicolas] Limagrain Europe, F-63720 Chappes, France. RP Sorrells, ME (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, 240 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mes12@cornell.edu FU USDA-NIFA-AFRI [2009-65300-05661, 2011-68002-30029, 2005-05130]; Hatch project [149-449]; Limagrain Europe FX This research was supported in part by USDA-NIFA-AFRI grants, award numbers 2009-65300-05661, 2011-68002-30029, and 2005-05130, and by Hatch project 149-449. Limagrain Europe provided financial support for N. Heslot. NR 87 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 17 U2 79 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.03.0249 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300001 ER PT J AU Goodwin, SB Cavaletto, JR Hale, IL Thompson, I Xu, SS Adhikari, TB Dubcovsky, J AF Goodwin, Stephen B. Cavaletto, Jessica R. Hale, Iago L. Thompson, Ian Xu, Steven S. Adhikari, Tika B. Dubcovsky, Jorge TI A New Map Location of Gene Stb3 for Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch in Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CARRYING LEAF RUST; MYCOSPHAERELLA-GRAMINICOLA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; MONOCOCCUM; LINES; CHROMOSOMES; MARKERS; DURUM AB Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (synonym: Zymoseptoria tritici; asexual stage: Septoria tritici), is an important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Management of the disease usually is by host resistance or fungicides. However, M. graminicola has developed insensitivity to most commonly applied fungicides, so there is a continuing need for well-characterized sources of host resistance to accelerate the development of improved wheat cultivars. Gene Stb3 has been a useful source of major resistance, but its mapping location has not been well characterized. On the basis of linkage to a single marker, a previous study assigned Stb3 to a location on the short arm of chromosome 6D. However, the results from the present study show that this reported location is incorrect. Instead, linkage analysis revealed that Stb3 is located on the short arm of wheat chromosome 7A, completely linked to microsatellite (simple-sequence repeat) locus Xwmc83 and flanked by loci Xcfa2028 (12.4 cM distal) and Xbarc222 (2.1 cM proximal). Linkage between Stb3 and Xwmc83 was validated in BC1F3 progeny of other crosses, and analyses of the flanking markers with deletion stocks showed that the gene is located on 7AS between fraction lengths 0.73 and 0.83. This revised location of Stb3 is different from those for other STB resistance genes previously mapped in hexaploid wheat but is approximately 20 cM proximal to an STB resistance gene mapped on the short arm of chromosome 7A(m) in Triticum monococcum. The markers described in this study are useful for accelerating the deployment of Stb3 in wheat breeding programs. C1 [Goodwin, Stephen B.; Cavaletto, Jessica R.; Thompson, Ian] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hale, Iago L.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Xu, Steven S.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Adhikari, Tika B.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. RP Goodwin, SB (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, 915 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM steve.goodwin@ars.usda.gov RI Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008 OI Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345 FU USDA CRIS project [3602-22000-015-00D]; National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NH Agricultural Experiment Station FX This work was supported by USDA CRIS project 3602-22000-015-00D. J. Dubcovsky acknowledges support from the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP) from the USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. I. L. Hale acknowledges support from the NH Agricultural Experiment Station. We thank Marla Hall at the USDA Small Grain Genotyping Center (Manhattan, KS) for testing 12 microsatellite loci on the short arm of chromosome 6DS for polymorphism on the parents of the mapping population, and Bemnet Mengesha for adding locus Xswm6 to the map while working as a rotation student at Purdue University. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.11.0766 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300004 PM 27959972 ER PT J AU Worthington, M Reberg-Horton, SC Brown-Guedira, G Jordan, D Weisz, R Murphy, JP AF Worthington, Margaret Reberg-Horton, S. Chris Brown-Guedira, Gina Jordan, David Weisz, Randy Murphy, J. Paul TI Morphological Traits Associated with Weed-Suppressive Ability of Winter Wheat against Italian Ryegrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMPETITIVE ABILITY; SPRING WHEAT; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; ALLELOPATHY; CULTIVARS; CEREALS; YIELD; VARIETIES; RICE AB Weed-suppressive wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars have been suggested as a complement to chemical and cultural methods of weed control. The objectives of this study were to assess the range of weed-suppressive ability against Italian ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot] existing in winter wheat lines adapted to North Carolina and to identify wheat morphological traits that could facilitate indirect selection for weed suppression in the southeastern United States. Fifty-three commercially available cultivars and advanced experimental lines were overseeded with a uniform, high rate of Italian ryegrass, evaluated for various morphological traits throughout the growing season, and investigated for weed-suppressive ability at a total of four field sites. Genotypic differences in Italian ryegrass seed head density (P <= 0.05) were detected among the wheat lines. Reduced Italian ryegrass seed head density was correlated (P <= 0.05) with high vigor during tillering and heading (Zadoks growth stage [GS] 25, 29, 55), erect growth habit (GS 29), low normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (GS 29), high leaf area index (LAI) at stem extension (GS 31), early heading date, and tall height throughout the growing season (GS 29, 31, 55, 70 to 80) in three of four sites. Multiple regression models show that 71% of variation in weed-suppressive ability was accounted for by final height (GS 70 to 80) and either height or plant vigor at late tillering (GS 29). Thus, breeders could improve weed-suppressive ability using weighted index selection for genotypes that are tall or vigorous during tillering with tall final height. C1 [Worthington, Margaret; Reberg-Horton, S. Chris; Jordan, David; Weisz, Randy; Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Worthington, M (reprint author), Ctr Int Agr Trop, Recta Cali Palmira Km 17, Cali, Colombia. EM m.worthington@cgiar.org FU USDA Organic Research and Extension Initiative Award [2009-51300-05527]; Southern SARE Graduate Student Research Grant [GS12-115] FX Thanks to Carrie Brinton, Rene Navarro, Matthew Granberry, and Stine Petersen for assistance with data collection and to Jim Holland and Tom Islieb for statistical advice. This project was supported in part by the USDA Organic Research and Extension Initiative Award No. 2009-51300-05527 and the Southern SARE Graduate Student Research Grant No. GS12-115. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 50 EP 56 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.02.0149 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300006 ER PT J AU Worthington, M Reberg-Horton, SC Brown-Guedira, G Jordan, D Weisz, R Murphy, JP AF Worthington, Margaret Reberg-Horton, S. Chris Brown-Guedira, Gina Jordan, David Weisz, Randy Murphy, J. Paul TI Relative Contributions of Allelopathy and Competitive Traits to the Weed Suppressive Ability of Winter Wheat Lines Against Italian Ryegrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM ACCESSIONS; SPRING WHEAT; LOLIUM-RIGIDUM; RICE CULTIVARS; MANAGEMENT; CEREALS; GENES; YIELD; LOCI AB Allelopathy and competitive ability have been identified as independent factors contributing to the weed suppressive ability of crop cultivars; however, it is not clear whether these factors have equal influence on weed suppression outcomes of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines in the field. Fifty-eight winter wheat lines adapted to the southeastern United States were screened for allelopathic activity against Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum [Lam.] Husnot) in an agar-based seedling bioassay. Eight strongly and weakly allelopathic lines were identified and evaluated for weed suppressive ability and grain yield tolerance in a replicated field experiment conducted in North Carolina. Significant genotypic differences in weed suppressive ability were found in three of four study environments, while genotypic differences in yield tolerance were identified in all environments. Although the allelopathic activity of genotypes varied in the seedling bioassay, no correlations between allelopathy and weed suppressive ability or grain yield tolerance were observed. Weed suppressive ability was correlated with competitive traits, including vigor and erect growth habit during tillering (Zadoks GS 29), high leaf area index (LAI) at stem extension (GS 31), plant height at tillering and stem extension (GS 29, 31), grain yield in weedy conditions, and grain yield tolerance. Therefore, breeders in the southeastern United States should focus their efforts on improving competitive traits within adapted germplasm rather than selecting for cultivars with high allelopathic activity to achieve maximum gains in weed suppressive ability against Italian ryegrass. C1 [Worthington, Margaret; Reberg-Horton, S. Chris; Jordan, David; Weisz, Randy; Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, USDA ARS Plant Sci Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Worthington, M (reprint author), CIAT, Recta Cali Palmira Km 17, Cali, Colombia. EM m.worthington@cgiar.org OI Worthington, Margaret/0000-0001-8019-165X FU USDA Organic Research and Extension Initiative Award [2009-51300-05527]; Southern SARE Graduate Student Research Grant [GS12-115] FX Thanks to Carrie Brinton, Rene Navarro, Matthew Granberry, and Stine Petersen for assistance with data collection. This project was supported in part by the USDA Organic Research and Extension Initiative Award No. 2009-51300-05527 and the Southern SARE Graduate Student Research Grant No. GS12-115. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.02.0150 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300007 ER PT J AU Bunphan, D Jaisil, P Sanitchon, J Knoll, JE Anderson, WF AF Bunphan, Darika Jaisil, Prasit Sanitchon, Jirawat Knoll, Joseph E. Anderson, William F. TI Heterosis and Combining Ability of F-1 Hybrid Sweet Sorghum in Thailand SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUGAR-RELATED TRAITS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; STALK; REGISTRATION; YIELD; QTL AB Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a sugar-based biofuel crop that is well-suited to tropical environments. Most sweet sorghum cultivars are open-pollinated, but hybrids could offer yield and seed production advantages. Fifteen hybrids were generated among five female and three male parents. The hybrids, parents, and three inbred checks were evaluated for sugar yield and related traits under two environments in Thailand in 2013: Field Crop Research Station at Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, and National Corn and Sorghum Research Center, Nakhon Ratchasima. Theoretical sugar yield was positively correlated with juice dissolved solids (Brix), plant height, stalk diameter, biomass yield, stripped stalk yield, and theoretical juice yield. Grain yield was negatively correlated with juice dissolved solids and theoretical sugar yield. Positive heterosis for juice dissolved solids was not observed, though five hybrids had negative mid-parent heterosis for this trait. Positive heterosis for biomass yield, theoretical juice yield, and grain yield was observed in some hybrids. General combining ability was observed for most traits, but specific combining ability (SCA) effects were of greater importance. Overall, the hybrids KKA-11 x BJ248, KKA-11 x KKU40, KKA-139 x BJ248, KKA-14 x KKU40, and KKA-53 x Theis had the greatest SCA for theoretical sugar yield. In producing ethanol from both sugar and grain fractions, two of the hybrids in this study (KKA-11 x BJ248 and KKA-139 x BJ248) could produce approximately 4600 L ha(-1) ethanol in Thailand. C1 [Bunphan, Darika; Jaisil, Prasit; Sanitchon, Jirawat] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Plant Breeding Res Ctr Sustainable Agr, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Bunphan, Darika; Jaisil, Prasit; Sanitchon, Jirawat] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Knoll, Joseph E.; Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Knoll, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Joe.Knoll@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 178 EP 187 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.05.0363 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300018 ER PT J AU Kumssa, TT Baenziger, PS Rouse, MN Guttieri, M Dweikat, I Brown-Guedira, G Williamson, S Graybosch, RA Wegulo, SN Lorenz, AJ Poland, J AF Kumssa, Tadele T. Baenziger, P. S. Rouse, M. N. Guttieri, M. Dweikat, I. Brown-Guedira, G. Williamson, S. Graybosch, R. A. Wegulo, S. N. Lorenz, A. J. Poland, J. TI Characterization of Stem Rust Resistance in Wheat Cultivar Gage SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID F-SP-TRITICI; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; GENE CONFERRING RESISTANCE; AESTIVUM L.; RACE UG99; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SOUTH-AFRICA; US WHEAT; SR2; IDENTIFICATION AB Wheat (Triticum spp.) stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn. (Pgt), re-emerged as a devastating disease of wheat because of virulent race Ug99 (TTKSK). Many bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) cultivars grown in North America are susceptible to Ug99 or its derivative races that carry additional virulence. 'Gage' was released in 1963 mainly for its excellent field resistance to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks) and stem rust. However, Gage's resistance has not been genetically characterized, which would facilitate its use in breeding programs. To better define the nature of the resistance in Gage, we created an F-2 population and the corresponding F-2:3 and F-4:5 families from crosses between Gage and stem rust susceptible cultivar 'Bill Brown'. Inheritance of resistance to Pgt race QFCSC and molecular marker analysis indicated that Sr2 and additional genes explain the stem rust resistance of Gage. Using seedling plant infection types from the F-2, F-2:3, and F-4:5 families, we found that at least one dominant and, most likely, one recessive gene are involved in Gage's resistance. Seedling resistance genes acted independently of Sr2 since Sr2 is effective only at the adult plant stage. C1 [Kumssa, Tadele T.; Baenziger, P. S.; Guttieri, M.; Dweikat, I.; Lorenz, A. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wegulo, S. N.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Rouse, M. N.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, M. N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Brown-Guedira, G.; Williamson, S.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Poland, J.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Baenziger, PS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM pbaenziger1@unl.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship; Hatch project [NEB-22-328]; USDA; CSREES NRICAP [2006-55606-16629]; USDA OREI [2007-51300-03785]; USDA-NIFA Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project [2011-68002-30029]; USDA [59-0790-4-092]; U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board; BASF Corporation FX T. Kumssa was funded by a Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship. Partial funding for P.S. Baenziger is from Hatch project NEB-22-328, USDA, CSREES NRICAP grant number 2006-55606-16629, USDA OREI 2007-51300-03785, USDA-NIFA Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project, 2011-68002-30029, USDA under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-092 which is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative, Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board, and BASF Corporation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. Mention of trade names does not constituted endorsement by the USDA. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 229 EP 239 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.05.0348 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300024 ER PT J AU Robins, JG Bushman, BS Jensen, KB Escribano, S Blaser, G AF Robins, Joseph G. Bushman, B. Shaun Jensen, Kevin B. Escribano, Sandra Blaser, Greg TI Genetic Variation for Dry Matter Yield, Forage Quality, and Seed Traits Among the Half-Sib Progeny of Nine Orchardgrass Germplasm Populations SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COCKSFOOT DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA; NORTH-AMERICA; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; TALL FESCUE; GRASSES; SELECTION; PROGRESS; L.; DIGESTIBILITY; INHERITANCE AB A potential strategy to address the lack of success of North American orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) breeding programs to increase forage yield and other agronomic traits is the incorporation of novel sources of germplasm. In an attempt to identify novel orchardgrass germplasm sources with agronomic potential, the study described herein characterized 162 half-sib families (HSFs) from six orchardgrass germplasm populations and three orchardgrass cultivars. Study conditions were Millville, UT, and Rexburg, ID, field sites with data collection from 2008 to 2010. The genotype x location interaction variance differed from zero for dry matter yield, crude protein, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fiber, and seed weight. Within location broad-sense heritability differed for all traits at both locations (0.36 +/- 0.10 to 0.77 +/- 0.03) except IVTD at Rexburg. For each trait there were HSFs that possessed values similar to or better than the included check cultivars (CCs). Additionally, in several instances the mean phenotype of the HSFs from a specific family was better than the phenotype of the corresponding parental population and/or the mean phenotype of the CCs. Overall, for each trait there existed sufficient genetic variation to develop an elite orchardgrass breeding program for irrigated conditions. C1 [Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun; Jensen, Kevin B.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun; Jensen, Kevin B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Escribano, Sandra] Utah State Univ, Dept Anim Dairy & Vet Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Blaser, Greg] Brigham Young Univ Idaho, Dept Appl Plant Sci, Rexburg, ID 83460 USA. RP Robins, JG (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Joseph.Robins@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 275 EP 283 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.04.0307 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300028 ER PT J AU Pinson, SRM Tarpley, L Yan, WG Yeater, K Lahner, B Yakubova, E Huang, XY Zhang, M Guerinot, ML Salt, DE AF Pinson, Shannon R. M. Tarpley, Lee Yan, Wengui Yeater, Kathleen Lahner, Brett Yakubova, Elena Huang, Xin-Yuan Zhang, Min Guerinot, Mary Lou Salt, David E. TI Worldwide Genetic Diversity for Mineral Element Concentrations in Rice Grain SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; IRON PLAQUE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ARSENIC ACCUMULATION; LEAF SENESCENCE; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; PHOSPHORUS; ZINC; PLANTS; ROOTS AB With the aim of identifying rice (Oryza spp.) germ-plasm having enhanced grain nutritional value, the mineral nutrient and trace element concentrations (or ionome) of whole (unmilled) grains from a set of 1763 rice accessions of diverse geographic and genetic origin were evaluated. Seed for analysis of P, Mg, K, S, Ca, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Sr, and Zn concentrations by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was produced over 2 yr in Beaumont, TX, under both flooded and unflooded watering regimes. The distributions of all element concentrations analyzed were skewed toward higher concentration. A significant portion of this ionomic variation has a genetic basis (broad sense heritabilities 0.14-0.75), indicating an ability to breed for improved grain concentration of all elements except possibly Ni. Variation in grain elemental concentrations was not strongly associated with plant height, heading time, or grain shape, suggesting these physiological factors are not of primary importance in controlling ionomic variation in rice grain. Accessions high in specific elements were sometimes found to have similar genetic or geographic origins, suggesting they share a heritable mechanism underlying their enhanced ionomes. For example, accessions with high Ca, Mg, or K were more common in the indica than in the japonica subgroup; low As was most common among temperate japonica accessions; and several lines high in Mo originated in Malaysia or adjacent Brunei. C1 [Pinson, Shannon R. M.] USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [Tarpley, Lee] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [Pinson, Shannon R. M.; Yan, Wengui] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Yeater, Kathleen] USDA ARS SPA, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. [Lahner, Brett; Yakubova, Elena] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Huang, Xin-Yuan; Salt, David E.] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [Zhang, Min] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guerinot, Mary Lou] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Pinson, SRM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM shannon.pinson@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program [IOS 0701119] FX This research was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (grant #IOS 0701119) awarded to D.E.S, M.L.G., and S.R.M.P. We acknowledge the technical assistance of Faye Seaberg, Erin Franks, Richard Chase, Jerri Daniels, Yao Zhou, and Tiffanee Simar, without whom the planting, maintenance, and harvesting of such a large number of field plots would not have been possible. NR 96 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 47 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 294 EP 311 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.10.0656 PG 18 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300030 ER PT J AU Liu, XF Glahn, RP Arganosa, GC Warkentin, TD AF Liu, Xiaofei Glahn, Raymond P. Arganosa, Gene C. Warkentin, Thomas D. TI Iron Bioavailability in Low Phytate Pea SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; PISUM-SATIVUM L.; CELL-CULTURE MODEL; PHYTIC ACID MUTANT; LENS-CULINARIS L.; FIELD PEA; SEED COAT; INOSITOL PHOSPHATES; RICE GRAINS; TANNIC-ACID AB Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds have high nutritional value but also contain potential antinutritional factors, such as phytate and polyphenols. Phytate can store up to 80% of the phosphorus in seeds. In the seed and during digestion it can complex minerals such as iron and zinc and make them unavailable for absorption. Also, it is not well digested by monogastrics. Polyphenols are known to reduce bioavailability of some nutrients. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of phytate and seed coat polyphenols on bioavailability of iron from field pea seeds. To increase the nutritional value of field pea seeds, two low-phytate lines (1-150-81 and 1-2347-144) containing higher inorganic phosphorus concentration (IN-P) and lower phytate-phosphorus concentration (PA-P) than the normal phytate varieties were developed from the cultivar CDC Bronco in previous research. Total iron concentration (FECON) did not differ significantly between normal and low phytate varieties. However, iron bioavailability (FEBIO) of the two low-phytate lines was 1.4 to 1.9 times higher than that of the three normal phytate varieties as assessed using a cell culture bioassay. Environment also had a significant effect on FEBIO. Peas with pigmented seed coats had seven times lower FEBIO than peas with nonpigmented seed coats. Removal of the seed coat increased FEBIO in peas with pigmented seed coat five to six times. C1 [Liu, Xiaofei; Arganosa, Gene C.; Warkentin, Thomas D.] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. [Glahn, Raymond P.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Warkentin, TD (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. EM tom.warkentin@usask.ca FU Saskatchewan Pulse Growers; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This research was financially supported by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We appreciate the technical expertise of the staff of the Glahn lab (USDA) for the in vitro digestion Caco-2 cell culture bioassays, Mr. Barry Goetz for assistance with AAS assays, and the staff of the pulse crop breeding field lab and the Grain Innovation Laboratory at the University of Saskatchewan. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 320 EP 330 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.06.0412 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300032 ER PT J AU Bunce, JA AF Bunce, James A. TI Elevated Carbon Dioxide Effects on Reproductive Phenology and Seed Yield among Soybean Cultivars SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ENRICHMENT FACE; GLYCINE-MAX; CO2; TIME AB Seed yield increases in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] caused by increased growth at elevated carbon dioxide concentrations primarily result from increased numbers of pods. Reasons for differences among cultivars in the increases in pod number are not clear. In experiments in controlled environment chambers, cultivars varied in how much elevated carbon dioxide delayed the transition of the apical node of the main stem from vegetative to reproductive growth. The longer the delay in the transition, the more main stem and total nodes and pods were produced, increasing the relative stimulation of seed yield. In free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) systems in the field, the timing of the first open flower, and the rate of progression through reproductive stages was faster, slower, or unchanged by elevated carbon dioxide in three indeterminate cultivars. However, independently from these effects on the rate of progression through the flowering stages, elevated carbon dioxide concentration also differentially affected the overall duration of vegetative growth, and the number of main stem and total nodes and pods produced. The extension of the duration of vegetative growth caused by elevated carbon dioxide was highly correlated with the relative seed yield increase in the field, as well as in the controlled environment chamber experiments. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bunce, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM James.Bunce@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 339 EP 343 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.04.0273 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300034 ER PT J AU Burke, JJ Payton, P Chen, JP Xin, ZG Burow, G Hayes, C AF Burke, John J. Payton, Paxton Chen, Junping Xin, Zhanguo Burow, Gloria Hayes, Chad TI Metabolic Responses of Two Contrasting Sorghums to Water-Deficit Stress SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; GRAIN-SORGHUM; STAY-GREEN; OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; STOMATAL SENSITIVITY; GENOTYPIC RESPONSES; FREE PROLINE; LINES; ACCUMULATION AB Water-deficit stress responses in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] have been described in the literature as preflowering drought tolerant (postflowering senescent) or postflowering drought tolerant (preflowering drought sensitive). The underlying physiological mechanisms associated with these drought traits remain unclear. It was hypothesized that the preflowering drought sensitivity of stay-green lines could be related to reported differences in osmotic potential among stay-green and senescent lines resulting in an inability of the cultivars to either sense or respond the soil drying until the rate of drying is too great for the stay-green lines to compensate. The objective of this study was to measure stress-induced changes in relative water content, abscisic acid (ABA), proline, dhurrin, sucrose, and carbon assimilation during the onset of water-deficit stress in the preflowering drought-tolerant line SC1211-11E and the postflowering drought-tolerant line BTx642 to determine if there were differential responses to the onset of soil drying. In both greenhouse and field studies, it was found that SC1211-11E had lower relative water contents and accumulated higher levels of ABA and proline than the BTx642. The SC1211-11E also showed increases in carbon assimilation shortly after the cessation of irrigation that declined with prolonged stress. These results provide new insights into the differential responses of pre and postflowering drought-tolerant sorghum lines. C1 [Burke, John J.; Payton, Paxton; Chen, Junping; Xin, Zhanguo; Burow, Gloria; Hayes, Chad] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Burke, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM john.burke@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 344 EP 353 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.04.0322 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300035 ER PT J AU Cornacchione, MV Suarez, DL AF Cornacchione, Monica V. Suarez, Donald L. TI Emergence, Forage Production, and Ion Relations of Alfalfa in Response to Saline Waters SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAGO-SATIVA L.; SALT-TOLERANT FORAGES; REUSE SYSTEMS; GROWTH; GERMINATION; YIELD; SELECTION; PLANTS; NA+; ACCUMULATION AB Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important crop utilized in irrigated regions that are commonly impacted by salinity. We evaluated the effect of salinity continually from emergence to mature plant growth in successive harvests. We studied emergence, biomass production, salt tolerance, and shoot ion composition as potential physiological mechanisms in four nondormant salt-tolerant cultivars: Salado, SW 8421S, SW 9720, and SW 9215. Irrigation water salinity dominated by sodium sulfate ranging from 3.1 to 30 dS m(-1) of electrical conductivity (ECiw) was imposed at planting date. Plants were grown in outdoor sand tanks in Riverside, CA for 300 d. Relative emergence (%) decreased above ECiw 12.7 dS m(-1) and was reduced to 53 and 13.4% at 18.4 and 24 dS m(-1), respectively. At ECiw 30 dS m(-1) there were no survivor plants. Absolute and relative accumulated biomass from 6 harvests significantly decreased for ECiw above 12.7 dS m(-1) (6.0 dS m(-1) in the saturation extract [ECe]). Plants grown at 18.4 and 24 dS m(-1) produced 68% and 30% respectively of the biomass produced at 3.1 dS m(-1). Salado showed the least reduction in biomass at elevated salinity and, as with all the cultivars, exhibited yield increases in successive harvests from first through seventh. Increasing salinity increased shoot Na+, total-S, Cl-, Mg2+, and P and decreased K+ and Ca2+. The ability of Salado to maintain low shoot Na was the mechanism most associated with salt tolerance. Saline waters with resultant ECe values of up to 6 dS m(-1) did not significantly reduce total forage production of the second through the seventh harvests. This suggests that irrigation with saline waters resulting in ECe values less than 6 dS m(-1) can be used throughout the production cycle (planting to multiple harvests) without significant yield loss for the cultivars examined. C1 [Cornacchione, Monica V.] INTA Estn Expt Agr Santiago del Estero, RA-4200 Santiago Del Estero, Argentina. [Suarez, Donald L.] USDA ARS, Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Cornacchione, MV (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM cornacchione.monica@inta.gob.ar NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 444 EP 457 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.01.0062 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA CE7DK UT WOS:000351997300046 ER PT J AU Laszlo, JA Smith, LJ Evans, KO Compton, DL AF Laszlo, Joseph A. Smith, Leslie J. Evans, Kervin O. Compton, David L. TI Phenol Esterase Activity of Porcine Skin SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE Tyrosol; Hydroxytyrosol; Lipoic acid; Ferulic acid; Antioxidant; Skin penetration ID ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID; STRATUM-CORNEUM; IN-VITRO; EAR MODEL; HYDROLYSIS; DELIVERY; ANTIOXIDANTS; METABOLISM; MINIPIG; ENZYMES AB The alkyl esters of plant-derived phenols may serve as slow-release sources for cutaneous delivery of antioxidants. The ability of skin esterases to hydrolyze phenolic esters was examined. Esters of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol were prepared from decanoic and lipoic acids. Ferulic acid was esterified with octadecanol, glycerol, and dioleoylglycerol. These phenolic derivatives were treated in taurodeoxycholate microemulsion and unilamellar liposomes with ex vivo porcine skin and an aqueous extract of the skin. Extracted esterases hydrolyzed the microemulsions at rates in the order: tyrosyl lipoate > tyrosyl decanoate > hydroxytyrosyl lipoate > hydroxytyrosyl decanoate. The tyrosyl decanoate was subject to comparatively little hydrolysis (10-30% after 24 h) when incorporated into liposomes, while hydroxytyrosyl decanoate in liposomes was not hydrolyzed at all by the skin extract. Ferulate esters were not hydrolyzed by the extract in aqueous buffer, microemulsion, nor liposomes. Tyrosyl decanoate applied topically to skin explants in microemulsion were readily hydrolyzed within 4 h, while hydrolysis was minimal when applied in liposomes. These findings indicate that porcine skin displays a general esterase activity toward medium-chain esters of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, which can be moderated by the physiochemical properties of the lipid vehicle, but no feruloyl esterase activity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Laszlo, Joseph A.; Smith, Leslie J.; Evans, Kervin O.; Compton, David L.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Prod Technol, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Laszlo, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Joe.laszlo@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0939-6411 EI 1873-3441 J9 EUR J PHARM BIOPHARM JI Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.12.004 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CE1FO UT WOS:000351557700019 PM 25497179 ER PT J AU Scandiani, MM Luque, AG Razori, MV Casalini, LC Aoki, T O'Donnell, K Cervigni, GDL Spampinato, CP AF Scandiani, Maria M. Luque, Alicia G. Razori, Maria V. Ciancio Casalini, Lucila Aoki, Takayuki O'Donnell, Kerry Cervigni, Gerardo D. L. Spampinato, Claudia P. TI Metabolic profiles of soybean roots during early stages of Fusarium tucumaniae infection SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE GC-MS; Glycine max; metabolomics; pathogen infection; plant susceptibility; sudden death syndrome ID SUDDEN-DEATH SYNDROME; F SP. GLYCINES; PARTIALLY RESISTANT; SYNDROME PATHOGEN; LOTUS-JAPONICUS; CAUSAL AGENT; SOLANI; ACCUMULATION; LEAVES; DIFFERENTIATION AB Soybean germplasm exhibits various levels of resistance to Fusarium tucumaniae, the main causal agent of sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean in Argentina. In this study, two soybean genotypes, one susceptible (NA 4613) and one partially resistant (DM 4670) to SDS infection, were inoculated with F. tucumaniae. Disease symptoms were scored at 7, 10, 14, and 25 days post-inoculation (dpi). The greatest difference in the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values among genotypes was observed at 25 dpi. In order to detect early metabolic markers that could potentially discriminate between susceptible and resistant genotypes, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of root samples were performed. These analyses show higher levels of several amino acids and the polyamine cadaverine in the inoculated than in the uninoculated susceptible cultivar at 7 dpi. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the metabolic profile of roots harvested at the earliest time points from the inoculated susceptible genotype was clearly differentiated from the rest of the samples. Furthermore, variables associated with the first principal component were mainly amino acids. Taken together, the results indicate that the pathogen induced the susceptible plant to accumulate amino acids in roots at early time points after infection, suggesting that GC-MS-based metabolomics could be used for the rapid characterization of cultivar response to SDS. C1 [Scandiani, Maria M.; Luque, Alicia G.] Univ Nacl Rosario, Ctr Referencia Micol CEREMIC, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Razori, Maria V.; Ciancio Casalini, Lucila; Cervigni, Gerardo D. L.; Spampinato, Claudia P.] Univ Nacl Rosario, Ctr Estudios Fotosintet & Bioquim CEFOBI, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Aoki, Takayuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Genet Resources Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [O'Donnell, Kerry] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Scandiani, MM (reprint author), Univ Nacl Rosario, Ctr Referencia Micol CEREMIC, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, Suipacha 531, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. EM mechu.scandiani@gmail.com; spampinato@cefobi-conicet.gov.ar FU Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica [PICT 2010-0458]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) [PIP 0018] FX We wish to thank Monica Hourcade for GC-MS technical support. This work was supported by grants from the Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (PICT 2010-0458) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET; PIP 0018) to CPS. GDLC and CPS are members of the Researcher Career of CONICET. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the US Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 66 IS 1 BP 391 EP 402 DI 10.1093/jxb/eru432 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CE2QR UT WOS:000351660900032 PM 25336687 ER PT J AU Jaramillo, A Briones, L Andrews, M Arredondo, M Olivares, M Brito, A Pizarro, F AF Jaramillo, Angela Briones, Lautaro Andrews, Monica Arredondo, Miguel Olivares, Manuel Brito, Alex Pizarro, Fernando TI Effect of phytic acid, tannic acid and pectin on fasting iron bioavailability both in the presence and absence of calcium SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Iron bioavailability; Calcium; Phytic acid; Tannic acid; Pectin ID HEME-IRON; DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; PHYTASE ACTIVITY; DIETARY PECTIN; GROWING RATS; NONHEME-IRON; ABSORPTION; INHIBITION; HUMANS; BLOOD AB Objective: To determine the effect of phytic acid, tannic acid and pectin on fasting non-heme iron bioavailability in both the presence and absence of calcium. Research methods: Twenty-eight apparently healthy adult females participated in two iron absorption studies using radioactive iron isotopes (Fe-59 and Fe-55). One group received 5 mg of iron (as FeSO4) alone (control), together with 10 mg of phytic acid, 100 mg of tannic acid and 250 mg of pectin (study A), on different days. The second group received the same iron doses and compounds as the other group, plus 800 mg of calcium (CaCl2) (study B). The compounds were administered after an overnight fast, and no food or beverages were consumed for the following 3 h. Iron status and circulating radioactivity were measured in venous blood samples. Results: The geometric means of iron bioavailability (range 1SD) for iron alone, iron with phytic acid, iron with tannic acid, and iron with citrus pectin were 25.0% (11.9-52.0); 18.9%(9.9-35.8); 16.8%(8.7-32.3); and 21.1% (10.2-43.9), respectively (repeated-measures ANOVA, p<0.02 (Dunnett's post hoc: control vs tannic acid p<0.05). When Boo mg of calcium was added (study B), iron bioavailability was 16.7% (10.1-27.5); 13.2% (7.1-24.6); 14.8% (8.8-25.1); and 12.6% (5.5-28.8), respectively (repeated-measures ANOVA, NS). Conclusions: Tannic acid decreases the fasting bioavailability of non-heme iron, however this effect did not exist in the presence of calcium. No effect was observed by phytic acid or citrus pectin on fasting non-heme iron bioavailability in both the presence and absence of calcium. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Jaramillo, Angela; Briones, Lautaro; Andrews, Monica; Arredondo, Miguel; Olivares, Manuel; Brito, Alex; Pizarro, Fernando] Univ Chile, Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Micronutr Lab, Santiago, Chile. [Brito, Alex] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Pizarro, F (reprint author), Av El Libano 5524, Santiago, Chile. EM fpizarro@inta.uchile.cl RI Brito, Alex/I-2858-2013 OI Brito, Alex/0000-0002-6212-8814 FU Chilean National Research Council [FONDECYT 1030090] FX We would like to thank Sotiris Chaniotakis for his diligent work editing this manuscript. The study was supported by grants FONDECYT 1030090 by the Chilean National Research Council. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2015 VL 30 BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.11.005 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CE4LL UT WOS:000351802000019 PM 25544113 ER PT J AU Mujica-Coopman, MF Brito, A de Romana, DL Pizarro, F Olivares, M AF Fernanda Mujica-Coopman, Maria Brito, Alex Lopez de Romana, Daniel Pizarro, Fernando Olivares, Manuel TI Body mass index, iron absorption and iron status in childbearing age women SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Body mass index; Iron absorption; Hemoglobin; Women ID NUTRITION TRANSITION; SERUM IRON; OBESITY; DEFICIENCY; BIOAVAILABILITY; INFLAMMATION; ZINC; HYPOFERREMIA; CHILDREN; HEPCIDIN AB Background: The prevalence of obesity has-increased at an alarming rate worldwide. Some studies have observed an association between iron (Fe) deficiency (ID) and obesity, however more research is needed. Objective: To assess whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with both Fe absorption and Fe status. Methods: A cross sectional sample of 318 Chilean childbearing age women was studied. The women received either a single dose of 0.5 mg of Fe (n =137, group 1) or 3 mg of Fe plus ascorbic acid (1:2 molar ratio) (n =181, group 2), both as FeSO4 with labeled radioisotopes. Fe absorption was assessed through radio Fe erythrocyte incorporation. Fe status was determined by hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume, serum Fe, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, erythrocyte Zn protoporphyrin and serum ferritin (SF). Results: 29%, 47% and 24% of the women were classified as normal, overweight or obese, respectively. Fe absorption was significantly lower in obese women (p < 0.05). In group 1, the geometric mean and range +/- 1 SD of the percentage of Fe absorption for normal-weight women was 32.9% vs. 19.7% in obese. For group 2, this percentage was 36% vs. 30%, respectively (2-way ANOVA: BMI classification and Fe dose p < 0.05; interaction p = 034). Although Fe absorption was lower in obese women, they had higher SF (p < 0.01) and Hb (p < 0.05) concentrations. Conclusion: Although we did not observe a relationship between BMI and Fe status, obese women displayed lower Fe absorption compared with overweight and normal weight women, possibly due to subclinical inflammation associated with obesity. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernanda Mujica-Coopman, Maria; Brito, Alex; Lopez de Romana, Daniel; Pizarro, Fernando; Olivares, Manuel] Univ Chile, Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Micronutrients Lab, Santiago, Chile. [Brito, Alex] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lopez de Romana, Daniel] Micronutrient Initiat, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Olivares, M (reprint author), Av El Libano 5524, Santiago 7830490, Chile. EM molivare@inta.uchile.cl RI Olivares, Manuel/I-1876-2013; Brito, Alex/I-2858-2013 OI Olivares, Manuel/0000-0002-1716-7697; Brito, Alex/0000-0002-6212-8814 FU Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico (FONDECYT) Chile [1950242, 1040879, 1070665] FX The study was partially supported by grants from Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico (FONDECYT) Chile #. 1950242, 1040879, 1070665. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2015 VL 30 BP 215 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.03.008 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CE4LL UT WOS:000351802000034 PM 24813452 ER PT J AU Brauer, D Baumhardt, RL Gitz, D Gowda, P Mahan, J AF Brauer, David Baumhardt, R. Louis Gitz, Dennis Gowda, Prasanna Mahan, James TI Characterization of trends in reservoir storage, streamflow, and precipitation in the Canadian River watershed in New Mexico and Texas SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE land cover; rainfall volume; runoff; water modeling ID UNITED-STATES AB Dams and reservoirs were created on the Canadian River in New Mexico and Texas between 1918 and 1984 to supply water for irrigation and industrial and municipal uses; however, there are indications that the storage in the 4 major reservoirs is insufficient for current demand. This study was conducted to document changes in reservoir storage and streamflow throughout the watershed and to investigate the hypothesis that decreases in reservoir storage since 1990 were associated with changes in rainfall. Time-series analyses indicated that the reservoir storage values for all 4 major impoundments (Eagle Nest Lake, Conchas Lake, Ute Lake, and Lake Meredith) on the Canadian River in New Mexico and Texas during the decade of 2000-2009 were less than the historical means. Streamflows at all 4 USGS gauges on the Canadian River in New Mexico and Texas from 2000 to 2009 were less than the long-term mean flows. Mean annual precipitation from 36 weather stations either in or adjoining the watershed tended to be lower from 2001 to 2010 than the period from 1971 to 2000. The frequency of rainfall events in excess of 50 mm from a weighing rain gauge at Bushland, Texas, from 2000 to 2009 was different from that reported from 1960 to 1979. ArcSWAT, a hydrological model, was able to simulate the observed declines in storage in Lake Meredith from 1990 to 2009 using historical rainfall data. These results support the hypothesis that the decreases in storage in Lake Meredith were associated with changes in rainfall. C1 [Brauer, David; Baumhardt, R. Louis; Gowda, Prasanna] ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Gitz, Dennis; Mahan, James] ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. RP Brauer, D (reprint author), ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, PO Drawer 10,2300 Expt Stn Dr, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM david.brauer@ars.usda.gov FU Ogallala Aquifer Program; ARS-USDA; Kansas State University; Texas AgriLife/TAMU; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX This research was supported by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a research and education consortium consisting of ARS-USDA, Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife/TAMU, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2381 EI 2151-5530 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 64 EP 79 DI 10.1080/10402381.2015.1006348 PG 16 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA CE7HR UT WOS:000352010300008 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Derner, JD AF Augustine, David J. Derner, Justin D. TI Patch Burn Grazing Management in a Semiarid Grassland: Consequences for Pronghorn, Plains Pricklypear, and Wind Erosion SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Antilocapra americana; conservation grazing; Opuntia polyacantha; prescribed fire; pyric herbivory; shortgrass steppe ID FIRE-GRAZER INTERACTIONS; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; PYRIC-HERBIVORY; PRESCRIBED FIRE; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SOIL; CACTUS; PLANT; RANGELAND AB Management strategies that allow for spatiotemporal interactions between fire and herbivores can potentially achieve multiple management goals related to livestock production and wildlife conservation, but little is known about such interactions in semiarid grasslands where fire has traditionally been viewed as having few management applications. We studied patch burn grazing management in the shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado, comparing unburned pastures to pastures where 25% of the area was burned in October or November each year over 4 years. Our objective was to examine the interactive effects of patch burns and the subsequent response by pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) on plains pricklypear (Opuntia polyacantha) and wind erosion rates. We monitored abundance of plains pricklypear and wind erosion rates throughout the experiment and quantified seasonal pronghorn densities and postburn damage to plains pricklypear cladodes during the latter 2 years of the study. Pronghorn density was 26 times greater in winter and 7 times greater in spring on patch burns compared with unburned pastures. By late winter, densities of bitten or uprooted plains pricklypear cladodes were five times greater on patch burns compared with unburned pastures. Patch burns, as well as the subsequent response of pronghorn, reduced plains pricklypear density by 54-71% during the first year after the burns, and density remained suppressed for up to 6 years after burns. Wind erosion rates on patch burns were greater compared with unburned pastures but were two orders of magnitude lower than rates measured on fallow croplands in the region. Autumn patch burns can be a valuable means to suppress plains pricklypear and thereby increase grass available for livestock consumption in the shortgrass steppe. These outcomes can be achieved without increasing wind erosion in a manner that threatens long-term soil sustainability and without negative consequences for livestock weight gains. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Range Management. C1 [Augustine, David J.; Derner, Justin D.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM David.Augustine@ars.usda.gov FU USA Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) FX Funding for this study was provided by the USA Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer, and all agency services are available without discrimination. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the USA government. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 34 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 68 IS 1 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2014.12.010 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE6MA UT WOS:000351949300004 ER PT J AU Russell, ML Vermeire, LT AF Russell, M. L. Vermeire, L. T. TI Fire and Nitrogen Alter Axillary Bud Number and Activity in Purple Threeawn SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bud bank; grassland; meristem; prescribed burning; tiller; vegetative reproduction ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; SEMIARID ARGENTINA; BANK DEMOGRAPHY; TILLER; DYNAMICS; DEFOLIATION; VIABILITY AB Belowground accumulation of vegetative buds provides a reservoir of meristems that can be utilized following disturbance. Perennial grass bud banks are the primary source of nearly all tiller growth, yet understanding of fire and nitrogen effects on bud banks is limited. We tested effects of fire and nitrogen addition on bud banks of purple threeawn (Aristida purpurea Nutt.), a perennial C-4 bunchgrass. Fire (no fire, summer fire, fall fire) and nitrogen addition (0, 46, 80 kg . ha(-1)) treatments were assigned in a completely randomized, fully factorial design and axillary buds were evaluated on two similar sites in southeastern Montana 1 and 2 years after fire. Permanently marked plants were assessed for live tiller production, and randomly selected tillers were sampled to determine active and dormant buds per tiller. Fire and nitrogen had opposite effects on axillary buds. Summer and fall fire reduced active buds by 42% relative to nonburned plots. Adding nitrogen at 46 or 80 kg . ha(-1) increased active buds per tiller 60% compared with plots with no nitrogen addition. The number of dormant buds per tiller was similar across fire treatments and levels of nitrogen. Fire and nitrogen had interacting effects on total buds at the tiller level. Without nitrogen addition, fall and summer fire reduced total buds per tiller about 70%. Nitrogen had no effect on total buds per tiller for nonburned plants. However, total number of buds per tiller was greater with nitrogen addition following fall fire and increased with each increase in nitrogen following summer fire. Results indicate fire effectively controls purple threeawn through bud bank reduction and that nitrogen can stimulate bud production. Interacting effects of fire and nitrogen on buds reveal a potential source of inconsistency in nitrogen effects and a possible method of facilitating recovery of fire-sensitive bunchgrasses after fire. C1 [Russell, M. L.] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv Ecosyst Sci & Mana, San Angelo, TX 76904 USA. [Vermeire, L. T.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Vermeire, LT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM lance.vermeire@ars.usda.gov FU Bureau of Land Management FX Research was partially funded by the Bureau of Land Management. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 68 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2014.12.009 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE6MA UT WOS:000351949300007 ER PT J AU Misar, CG Xu, L Gates, RN Boe, A Johnson, PS AF Misar, Christopher G. Xu, Lan Gates, Roger N. Boe, Arvid Johnson, Patricia S. TI Stand Persistence and Forage Yield of 11 Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Populations in Semiarid Rangeland SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE falcata; grazing tolerance; lucerne; perennial legumes ID CULTIVARS; SURVIVAL; FALCATA AB Livestock producers in the Northern Great Plains value alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) for increasing forage production and quality in grazing lands. However, alfalfa persistence can be poor, especially under grazing. Demand exists for alfalfa that can establish and persist in semiarid grazing lands. A naturalized population of predominantly yellow-flowered alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata [L.] Arcang.) was found growing and reseeding on private and public rangeland in northwestern South Dakota. This naturalized alfalfa population demonstrates persistence in this semiarid environment. A study, initiated in May 2006 at the Antelope Range and Livestock Research Station near Buffalo, South Dakota, evaluated stand persistence and forage yield of 11 alfalfa populations transplanted into mixed-grass prairie. Populations were pure falcata, predominantly falcata, hay-type sativa, or pasture-type sativa populations. Transplantswere space planted on 1-m centers within three exclosures (35 x 35 m) divided into two sections, which were either mob grazed by cattle or protected from mob grazing. Mob grazing began in August 2007 and continued periodically through 2008 and 2009. Survival, plant height, plant canopy diameters, and biomass data were collected. Grazing, dry spells, and ice sheets subjected alfalfa plants to substantial stress. High mortality of grazed plants occurred during the 2008-2009 winter. Hay-type sativa and pasture-type sativa populations exposed to mob grazing had poor final survival (<19%) and forage yield in July 2010. However, pure falcata and most predominantly falcata populations had higher survival (>38%) and forage yield. Low mortality and high yield of protected plants indicated that accumulated stress from mob grazing weakened grazed plants, increasing environment-related mortality (e.g., winterkilling). Falcata-based populations persistent under mob grazing and adapted to the regional environment have potential for use in the Northern Great Plains. (C) 2015 Society for Range Management. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Misar, Christopher G.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Xu, Lan] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Gates, Roger N.; Johnson, Patricia S.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, West River Ag Ctr, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. [Boe, Arvid] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Xu, L (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM lan.xu@sdstate.edu FU South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; National Institute of Food and Agriculture through the Five States Ruminant Consortium FX Research was funded in part by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture through the Five States Ruminant Consortium. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 68 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.rama.2014.12.012 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE6MA UT WOS:000351949300009 ER PT J AU Xue, YP Jin, MJ Orjuela, A Slininger, PJ Dien, BS Dale, BE Balan, V AF Xue, Ya-Ping Jin, Mingjie Orjuela, Andrea Slininger, Patricia J. Dien, Bruce S. Dale, Bruce E. Balan, Venkatesh TI Microbial lipid production from AFEX (TM) pretreated corn stover SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; AMMONIA FIBER EXPANSION; CELL OIL PRODUCTION; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; OLEAGINOUS MICROORGANISMS; BIODIESEL; FERMENTATION; BIOCHEMISTRY; CHALLENGES AB Lipids having high carbon to heteroatom ratios can be upgraded to bio-diesel and jet fuels which are more advanced drop-in fuels compared to ethanol. The present study investigated microbial lipid production from Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) pretreated and hydrolyzed corn stover (CS) using an oleaginous yeast strain Lipomyces tetrasporus NRRL Y-11562. Process conditions were optimized for carbon to nitrogen ratio of fermentation medium, fermentation temperature and pH, and solid loading of AFEX-CS. The inhibitory effect of AFEX degradation products on lipid fermentation was also investigated. Both separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and Rapid Bioconversion with Integrated recycle Technology (RaBIT) processes were used for lipid production. From 1 kg AFEX-CS, 36.7 g lipids were produced via SHF at a titer of 8.4 g L-1 with a yield of 0.08 g g(-1) consumed sugar. A yeast meal stream (97.9 g) was also generated. L. tetrasporus NRRL Y-11562 grew better in AFEX-CS hydrolysate, but produced fewer lipids compared to synthetic medium. Minimal washing of AFEX-CS improved the lipid yield and titer to 0.10 g g(-1) consumed sugar and 10.7 g L-1, respectively. RaBIT on washed AFEX-CS generated a similar amount of lipids compared to SHF with 35% lower enzyme loading. Economic analysis does not favor lignocellulosic lipid production with current lipid yields. C1 [Xue, Ya-Ping; Jin, Mingjie; Orjuela, Andrea; Dale, Bruce E.; Balan, Venkatesh] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Biomass Convers Res Lab BCRL, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Xue, Ya-Ping] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Inst Bioengn, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Jin, Mingjie; Orjuela, Andrea; Dale, Bruce E.; Balan, Venkatesh] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr GLBRC, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Slininger, Patricia J.; Dien, Bruce S.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jin, MJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Biomass Convers Res Lab BCRL, MBI Bldg,3815 Technol Blvd, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM jinmingj@egr.msu.edu FU China Scholarship Council FX This work is supported by the China Scholarship Council. We would like to thank Novozymes for supplying us commercial enzymes for this work, Charles Donald Jr for preparing AFEX-pretreated corn stover and Christa Gunawan for analyzing HPLC samples. We would also like to thank the members of the Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL) at Michigan State University for their valuable suggestions. We also thank Dr Cletus P. Kurtzman for supplying the culture for this research. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 26 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2015 VL 5 IS 36 BP 28725 EP 28734 DI 10.1039/c5ra01134e PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CE5JY UT WOS:000351870500087 ER PT J AU Zhang, XCJ AF Zhang, X. C. John TI New Insights on using Fallout Radionuclides to Estimate Soil Redistribution Rates SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EROSION RATES; CESIUM-137 MEASUREMENTS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; LANDFORM CLASSIFICATION; UNSUPPORTED PB-210; AGRICULTURAL LAND; CS-137; TILLAGE; CANADA; SASKATCHEWAN AB The fallout radionuclides such as Cs-137 have been widely accepted and used in the past 40 yr to provide quantitative soil redistribution estimates at a point scale. Recently their usefulness has been questioned by a few researchers challenging the validity of the key assumption that the spatial distribution of fallout radionuclides in soil is initially uniform. The objective of this work is to reconcile the opposing views by examining the assumption and by developing a new concept for correctly interpreting soil redistribution rates estimated with the tracing technique. This review shows that the spatial uniformity assumption is invalid due to Cs-137 redistribution caused by spatial variations in rainfall interception, vegetation type and cover, surface residue cover, water infiltration rates, and micro-topography. Thus, the commonly used method of comparing a point Cs-137 inventory with the reference mean inventory for estimating soil redistribution rate for that point is flawed. Soil redistribution rate estimated for a sampling point is not the true erosion rate because random spatial variation of the radionuclide inventory at the point is erroneously attributed to an effect of soil redistribution. Fortunately, such spatial variations at points are typically random in nature, and therefore can be resolved statistically by increasing independent sample number and by interpreting soil redistribution rate in terms of mean value for a uniform area or slope position, as the random spatial errors of the radionuclide inventories tend to be averaged out. C1 USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Zhang, XCJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM John.Zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.06.0261 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JB UT WOS:000351640800001 ER PT J AU Kane, DA Snapp, SS Davis, AS AF Kane, Daniel A. Snapp, Sieglinde S. Davis, Adam S. TI Ridge Tillage Concentrates Potentially Mineralizable Soil Nitrogen, Facilitating Maize Nitrogen Uptake SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NODAL ROOT RESPONSE; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; ORGANIC-CARBON; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PLOWED LUVISOL; CLAY LOAM; SYSTEMS; WATER; NITRATE; TEMPERATURE AB Ridge tillage (RT) can promote increases in soil C and aggregation at greater rates than conventional tillage, but few studies have investigated how RT may affect soil N distributions across the row/inter-row space. Using a spatially intensive sampling design, we monitored soil potentially mineralizable N (PMN), inorganic N, and plant tissue N in a field study comparing RT and chisel plow (CP) systems. Experiments were fully replicated at two sites in Urbana, IL and Mason, MI during the 2012 growing season. At both sites, a strong interaction effect of tillage x row position was observed for PMN (Illinois, p = 0.005; Michigan, p = 0.02) with higher levels of PMN in the in-row (IR) position than off-row (OR) and between-row (BR) positions of RT treatments following re-ridging. Plant tissue analyses indicated a significant RT advantage at both sites (Illinois, p = 0.04; Michigan, p = 0.02), and a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis indicated that PMN at the 0- to 5-cm depth in the IR position following re-ridging had a significant effect on inorganic N at the same position and, in turn, a strong influence on plant tissue N (comparative fit index = 0.86, standardized root mean square residual = 0.11, Akaike wt. = 1). Overall, our results suggest that RT can establish soil functional zones (SFZ) with distinct N profiles and that the relocation of PMN in-row may increase the spatial efficiency of N provisioning relative to conventional tillage. C1 [Kane, Daniel A.; Snapp, Sieglinde S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Davis, Adam S.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Kane, DA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kanedan1@msu.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Agriculture Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67003-30343] FX We thank Rich Price for his assistance in field work and managing the MSU field sites. We would also like to thank Mark Freeman, Steve Culman, and Ariane Peralta for their work on developing a method for determining NO3-N and NH4-N concentrations from extracts, as well as Sowmya Surapur, Ben Jordan, Josh Armagost, Danielle Zoellner, and Chiwimbo Gwenambira for their assistance in field and lab work. This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Agriculture Grant 2011-67003-30343 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 81 EP 88 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JB UT WOS:000351640800009 ER PT J AU Zobeck, TM Steiner, JL Stott, DE Duke, SE Starks, PJ Moriasi, DN Karlen, DL AF Zobeck, Ted M. Steiner, Jean L. Stott, Diane E. Duke, Sara E. Starks, Patrick J. Moriasi, Daniel N. Karlen, Douglas L. TI Soil Quality Index Comparisons Using Fort Cobb, Oklahoma, Watershed-Scale Land Management Data SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONDITIONING INDEX; ORGANIC-CARBON; CHLOROFORM FUMIGATION; FRAMEWORK; CONSERVATION; PROJECT; SYSTEMS; PLAINS; VALUES; BELT AB The Soil Conditioning Index (SCI) and Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) are two different but complementary methods for evaluating soil quality. Both tools have been widely used, but little is known regarding how they compare and if they provide similar results when the same agricultural management practices are compared. This SCI and SMAF soil quality index (SQI) comparison was conducted on the Fort Cobb Reservoir Experimental Watershed (FCREW) in Oklahoma. Forty-one loamy and sandy surface soil sites were sampled on the FCREW under (i) annual cropping with conventional tillage (conventional), (ii) annual cropping with either conservation tillage or no-till (conservation), (iii) cropland that had been converted to perennial grass (managed grass), and (iv) native grass. The SCI and SMAF SQI gave similar assessments, indicating that soil quality within conventional and conservation systems was similar but lower than in either managed or native grassland systems. Simple comparisons of soil properties by textural class showed no significant effects on most soil quality indicator values, and although texture by management subgroups was examined, no clear relationships were detected because of the limited number of sampling sites. The SMAF and SCI indicators and scores were correlated in tilled systems with limited vegetative cover but not for no-till or forage-based pasture or grassland systems that were in place for at least 10 yr. The SMAF provided more resolution when evaluating agroecosystem management effects on soil quality, including soil organic C enrichment, especially within forage-based systems. Recognizing that the SMAF currently does not account for soil loss, we conclude with recommendations for improving the tool, particularly for tilled systems. C1 [Zobeck, Ted M.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Steiner, Jean L.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Stott, Diane E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Duke, Sara E.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Area, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Starks, Patrick J.; Moriasi, Daniel N.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Karlen, Douglas L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Zobeck, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM ted.zobeck@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS under the ARS Cropland CEAP Project FX We acknowledge the technical support of Larry Pellack, Ames, IA; Alan Verser, El Reno, OK; Dean Holder, Lubbock, TX; and Rhonda Graef, West Lafayette, IN; and the farmers and ranchers who provided access and land management information. This publication is based on work supported by the USDA-ARS under the ARS Cropland CEAP Project. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 224 EP 238 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.06.0257 PG 15 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JB UT WOS:000351640800023 ER PT J AU Iqbal, J Parkin, TB Helmers, MJ Zhou, XB Castellano, MJ AF Iqbal, Javed Parkin, Timothy B. Helmers, Matthew J. Zhou, Xiaobo Castellano, Michael J. TI Denitrification and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Annual Croplands, Perennial Grass Buffers, and Restored Perennial Grasslands SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACETYLENE-INHIBITION; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; NITRATE REMOVAL; RIPARIAN FOREST; ORGANIC-MATTER; FILTER STRIPS; SOIL; LANDSCAPE; SEDIMENT; DYNAMICS AB Inclusion of perennial vegetation filter strips (PFSs) in the toeslope of annual cropland watersheds can decrease NO3--N losses to ground and surface waters. Although PFSs are similar to riparian buffers, the processes responsible for NO3--N removal from PFSs are not well understood. Our objectives were to (i) determine the importance of denitrification as a sink for NO3--N loss from PFSs and (ii) evaluate how PFSs alter the biophysical processes that affect the relative importance of N2O and N-2 emissions. To address our objectives, we used a coupled field laboratory approach with experimental watersheds that included the following treatments: (i) PFSs covering the bottom 10% of the watershed and an annual corn-soybean crop rotation covering the remaining upslope 90% (PFS); (ii) 100% corn-soybean rotation (CORN); and (iii) 19-yr-old 100% restored native grassland (RNG). In situ N2O flux rates and laboratory N2O/(N-2 + N2O) ratios were highest in CORN watersheds followed by PFS and RNG watersheds. In contrast, potentially mineralizable C and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) were highest in PFS and RNG watersheds and lowest in CORN watersheds. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between N2O/(N-2 + N2O) ratio and DEA. In the laboratory, N-2 fluxes were highest in PFS followed by RNG and CORN. These results indicate that PFS watersheds support greater total denitrification while emitting less N2O than croplands. Greater potentially mineralizable C in PFS and RNG suggest C availability is an important factor affecting more complete denitrification. These results suggest PFSs function similar to riparian buffers and have potential to reduce NO3--N losses from annual croplands by denitrification to N-2. C1 [Iqbal, Javed; Castellano, Michael J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50014 USA. [Parkin, Timothy B.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50014 USA. [Helmers, Matthew J.] Iowa State Univ, Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50014 USA. [Zhou, Xiaobo] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. RP Iqbal, J (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50014 USA. EM jiqbal.soil@yahoo.com OI Castellano, Michael/0000-0003-1411-7931 FU Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Iowa State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship; USDA-AFRI Managed Ecosystems program [2011-00512]; USDA-NIFA Award [2011-68002-30190]; Cropping Systems Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP): Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Cornbased Cropping Systems FX We thank Christopher Witte, Carolina Cordova, and Omar de Kok-Mercado for their assistance in field sampling. Funding for the research site was provided by the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Iowa State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship, and the USDA-AFRI Managed Ecosystems program under proposal no. 2011-00512. This research is part of a regional collaborative project supported by USDA-NIFA Award no. 2011-68002-30190, "Cropping Systems Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP): Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Cornbased Cropping Systems." Project web site: sustainablecorn.org. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 38 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 239 EP 250 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.05.0221 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JB UT WOS:000351640800024 ER PT J AU Sindelar, AJ Lamb, JA Coulter, JA AF Sindelar, Aaron J. Lamb, John A. Coulter, Jeffrey A. TI Short-Term Stover, Tillage, and Nitrogen Management Affect Near-Surface Soil Organic Matter SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CORN RESIDUE REMOVAL; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CROP RESIDUE; BULK-DENSITY; CEREAL PRODUCTION; N-FERTILIZER; SYSTEMS; COMPACTION; MINNESOTA; SEQUENCE AB Corn (Zea mays L.) stover removal for biofuel or forage has implications on soil organic C (SOC). The objective of this study was to evaluate short-term (3-yr) stover management (retained or removed [79% removed, across treatments and years]), tillage system (chisel tillage, strip-tillage, and no-till [CT, ST, and NT, respectively]), and fertilizer N (0 and 224 kg N ha-1) effects on particulate and total soil C and N in continuous corn (CC) cropping systems on fine-textured soils in the Upper Midwest. Soil samples were collected at study initiation in 2008 and at its conclusion in 2011. Stover removal decreased SOC in the surface depth (D1) by 15% compared to when it was retained and 11% when compared with the baseline level. In the same depth, SOC with CT was 10 and 9% less than with ST and NT, respectively, and 10% less than the baseline. Particulate organic matter C (POM-C) decreased in D1 between sampling times with stover removal in all tillage systems. When stover was retained, POM-C in D1 increased 36 and 40% over the baseline with ST and NT, respectively, but decreased 18% with CT. Chisel tillage decreased POM-C in the sampled soil profile by 13 and 17% compared with ST and NT, respectively, and by 21% when compared with the baseline. These results demonstrate that annually harvesting the maximum quantities of stover in CC allowable by field-scale machinery can reduce near-surface particulate and total soil organic matter in the Upper Midwest after 3 yr, but losses can be reduced by tillage systems that reduce soil disturbance. C1 [Sindelar, Aaron J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Lamb, John A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Coulter, Jeffrey A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Sindelar, AJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Rm 118 Keim Hall East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM aaron.sindelar@ars.usda.gov FU Minnesota Corn Growers Research and Promotion Council FX Funding for this study was provided by the Minnesota Corn Growers Research and Promotion Council. The use of trade or commercial product names in this publication is solely for informational purposes and does not imply recommendation, endorsement, or approval by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 75 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 21 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 251 EP 260 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.08.0337 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JB UT WOS:000351640800025 ER PT J AU Follett, RF Stewart, CE Pruessner, EG Kimble, JM AF Follett, Ronald F. Stewart, Catherine E. Pruessner, Elizabeth G. Kimble, John M. TI Great Plains Climate and Land-Use Effects on Soil Organic Carbon SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT CLAY MINERALOGY; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; MATTER DYNAMICS; NO-TILLAGE; AGGREGATE FORMATION; SOUTHERN PIEDMONT; COASTAL-PLAIN; SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT; FRACTIONS AB Soil organic C (SOC) is essential to agricultural productivity and sustainability in response to climate and land-use change. Here, we examine 14 sites across the U. S. Great Plains to determine the sensitivity of important SOC fractions to climatic gradients (temperature and precipitation) and land-use change (native, conservation reserve program [CRP], and cropped). We measured particulate organic matter C (POM-C), soil mineral associated C (Cmin-C), soil microbial biomass C (SMB-C), and soil aggregate stability (% AggStab). All fractions (POM-C, SMB-C, and % AggStab) except Cmin-C were affected by land-use and decreased from native > CRP > cropped sites. Total SOC and all the fractions decreased with increasing temperature and increased with greater clay content. Surprisingly, only the Cmin-C as well as the % AggStab increased with increasing mean annual precipitation (MAP)/ evapotranspiration (ET) ratio; the more labile fractions POM-C and SMB-C did not. Despite greater % AggStab, there was not POM-C protection, suggesting that aggregate turnover and subsequent C loss was greater in sites with more moisture. The Cmin-C fraction comprised the majority of total SOC (70%) and also comprised most of the whole soil response to temperature and moisture gradients. The POM-C fraction could be used as an easily measured indicator of land-use impacts in soil, since POM-C and SMB-C were highly correlated. Conservation practices that promote soil aggregation and reduce disturbance and erosion will be critical in maintaining mineral soil C and ameliorating soil C loss though increased temperatures. These practices have additional benefit of building the POM-C fraction and SMB-C. C1 [Follett, Ronald F.; Stewart, Catherine E.; Pruessner, Elizabeth G.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kimble, John M.] USDA NRCS, Natl Soils Lab, Addison, NY 14801 USA. RP Follett, RF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ronald.follett@ars.usda.gov OI Stewart, Catherine/0000-0003-1216-0450 FU ARS GRACEnet program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance that was provided by local and/or state personnel of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), often in collaboration with Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists and technicians within the states where sampling occurred, for their assistance in the selection of sites sampled and often as active participants in sampling and describing the profiles selected. Also acknowledged is support of this project as part of the ARS GRACEnet program. The authors express special appreciation to Ms. Susan Samson-Liebig and Ms. Julie Roth. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 261 EP 271 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.07.0282 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JB UT WOS:000351640800026 ER PT J AU Kendall, JRA Long, DS Collins, HP Pierce, FJ Chatterjee, A Smith, JL Young, SL AF Kendall, Joshua R. A. Long, Dan S. Collins, Harold P. Pierce, Francis J. Chatterjee, Amitava Smith, Jeffrey L. Young, Stephen L. TI Soil Carbon Dynamics of Transition to Pacific Northwest Cellulosic Ethanol Feedstock Production SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SWITCHGRASS PANICUM-VIRGATUM; ORGANIC-MATTER; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; BIOFUEL CROPS; UNITED-STATES; WHEAT-FALLOW; YIELD AB Cellulosic ethanol commercialization promises to produce energy from agricultural biomass. Available biomass depends on plant net primary productivity (NPP) and crop type, which maintain total soil organic carbon (TOC). Effect of crop-type, residue removal, and NPP on ethanol yield and TOC levels were assessed by means of a three-pool C model derived from long-term soil incubation, acid hydrolysis, and curve fitting of a nonlinear regression model. A 2-yr field study consisting of three input regimes (Low, Medium, or High NPP), three crops [corn (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.), and switchgrass (SG, Panicum virgatum L., cv. Blackwell)], and two harvest levels [residue removed (R) or residue not removed (NR)] was conducted near Prosser, WA, USA. After 2 yr, ethanol yield of all crops were similar under Low NPP while ethanol yield of SG under Medium and High NPP was significantly greater than that of corn or wheat under the same NPP. Switchgrass significantly contributed to active [mean residence time (MRT) < 7 d] and resistant (MRT > 500 yr) soil C pools. Other crops had net zero or significantly reduced C pools. During a transition to cellulosic energy production, SG will contribute to soil C maintenance across a range of potential net productivity. C1 [Kendall, Joshua R. A.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Long, Dan S.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Collins, Harold P.] Plains Area Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Pierce, Francis J.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Crop & Soil Sci & Biol Syst Engn, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Chatterjee, Amitava] N Dakota State Univ, AES Sch Nat Res Sci, Dept 7680, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Smith, Jeffrey L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Young, Stephen L.] Cornell Univ, Northeastern IPM Ctr, Insectary Blauvelt Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kendall, JRA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Hayden Hall 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM kendall.129@osu.edu FU USDA CSREES NRI Competitive [2007-35107-18279]; [2007-03159] FX This research was supported in part by a grant from the USDA CSREES NRI Competitive Grants Program 2007-35107-18279. Project Proposal: 2007-03159. Field management was skillfully done by Patrick Scharf. Thank you to Becky Cochran for exemplary lab support and technicians Joshua Babcock and Noah Ziggler for their careful attention to detail. Finally, the authors of this paper thank the editors and unnamed reviewers of Soil Science Society of America Journal for their efforts in making this publication better through their very appropriate comments. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 79 IS 1 BP 272 EP 281 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.04.0174 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2JB UT WOS:000351640800027 ER PT J AU Johnson, WC Davis, JW AF Johnson, W. Carroll, III Davis, Jerry W. TI Perpendicular Cultivation for Improved In-Row Weed Control in Organic Peanut Production SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cross-cultivation; mechanical weed control; organic weed control; physical weed control; tine weeder ID MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS; CORN AB Intensive cultivation in organic peanut is partially effective, but in-row weed control remains problematic. In an attempt to improve in-row weed control, irrigated trials were conducted from 2011 to 2013 near Ty Ty, GA to determine the feasibility of early-season cultivation perpendicular to row direction using a tine weeder when integrated with other weed-control practices. Combinations of perpendicular cultivation (cultivation perpendicular to row direction), parallel cultivation (cultivation in the same direction of the rows), and banded applications of herbicides derived from natural sources were compared. Perpendicular cultivation improved overall weed control and peanut yield (two years of three), but this benefit was independent of weed control from any form of parallel cultivation. Additionally, tractor tire tracks from perpendicular cultivation across the rows repeatedly crushed peanut seedlings. Parallel cultivation with the tine weeder was generally more effective than parallel cultivation with sweeps, particularly for southern crabgrass and Texas millet. Herbicides derived from natural products were inconsistent in controlling dicot weeds, ineffective in controlling annual grasses, and did not protect peanut yield from weed interference. C1 [Johnson, W. Carroll, III] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Univ Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Johnson, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tifton Campus,POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Carroll.Johnson@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2015 VL 29 IS 1 BP 128 EP 134 DI 10.1614/WT-D-14-00083.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CE3WB UT WOS:000351759400016 ER PT J AU Sui, R Fisher, DK AF Sui, R. Fisher, D. K. TI FIELD TEST OF A CENTER PIVOT IRRIGATION SYSTEM SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Center pivot irrigation system; Irrigation; Uniformity; Variable rate irrigation ID UNIFORMITY AB Uniformity of water distribution of a commercial variable rate center pivot irrigation system was evaluated. This four-span center pivot system was configured with 10 equal area sized water application zones along its 233 m long lateral. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate water application uniformity. In one test, a constant water application rate (100%) was applied in each zone, and in the other, variable application rates (0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%) were assigned to different zones. To measure water applied, multiple water collectors were placed in two straight lines perpendicular to the pivot travel direction. Three control collectors with known amounts of water were placed at the test site to account for evaporative losses during the tests. Water caught in the collectors was measured, and the center pivot's coefficient of uniformity (CUH) was calculated. Results showed a CUH of 86.5% for the constant application rate test. In the variable rate test, average CUH over the application rates of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% was 84.3% with the highest CUH of 89.2% in the 100% application rate. Effect of application rate on CUH was significant, with higher application rates providing higher CUH values. The uniformity of a control zone could be influenced by the overlap of sprinkler coverage between the adjacent control Zones. C1 [Sui, R.; Fisher, D. K.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Agr Engn, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Sui, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd,POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM ruixiu.sui@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.13031/aea.31.10539 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CD1OK UT WOS:000350844000009 ER PT J AU Feyereisen, GW Christianson, LE AF Feyereisen, G. W. Christianson, L. E. TI HYDRAULIC FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES FOR DENITRIFYING BIOREACTOR MEDIA SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Denitrifring bioreactor; Hydraulic conductivity; Permeameter ID DRAINAGE; DENITRIFICATION; REMEDIATION; PERFORMANCE; WATER AB Denitring bioreactors are a promising technology to mitigate agricultural subsurface drainage nitrate-nitrogen losses, a critical water quality goal for the Upper Mississippi River Basin. This study was conducted to evaluate the hydraulic properties of agricultural residues that are potential bioreactor media alternatives to the conventionally used wood chips, and to compare them with previously published results using log-log data transformation. Such residues' higher inherent nitrogen removal rates may improve performance, especially under cool early-season drainage water temperatures critical in the upper Midwest. Hydraulic conductivities, k, of candidate media - corn stover, barley straw, corn cobs, and wood chip corn cob mixture and wood chips were obtained with a 30-cm diameter x 2.5-m long permeameter. Statistically significant differences were observed between media types with the woodchips exhibiting the highest k followed by corn stover. However, when corrected for viscosity, significant differences between media types were eliminated (mean k' = 2.81 to 4.47 cm/s across media), although the more-labile agricultural residues consistently had lower conductivities than the woodchips. The log-log transformation proved to be critical for most accurately representing the data. When previously published data were corrected using this transform, there were no statistically significant differences between the older work and this study for both woodchips and woodchip-corn cob mixtures (p=0.82 and 0.22, respectively). Despite focus on use of woody media for bioreactors, this work showed some agricultural residues would provide similar initial hydraulic conductivities to woodchips, further refining design criteria for solid carbon-source denitrinling bioreactors. C1 [Feyereisen, G. W.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN USA. [Christianson, L. E.] Conservat Fund Freshwater Inst, Shepherdstown, WV USA. RP Feyereisen, GW (reprint author), 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM gary.feyereisen@ars.usda.gov FU Minnesota Agricultural Utilization Research Institute; Minnesota Corn Research & Promotion Council; University of Minnesota's Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program FX We acknowledge Dr. Bruce Wilson and his insightful comments into the method of data analysis. We acknowledge the contributions of Todd Schumacher, USDA-ARS-SWMRU biological science technician, in the design and development of the permeameter apparatus. We thank the undergraduate students who ran the various tests: Taylor Hoffman, Elizabeth Petesch, and Madison Rogers, whose Undergraduate Research Opportunities Project included determining the hydraulic conductivity of the wood chip-corn cob mixture. We received exceptional cooperation from the University of Minnesota's Horticulture Department for use of space at their Turfgrass Research and Outreach Center; Craig Krueger oversaw field operations. The unique and safely built operational platform was erected by Richard Tussing and Jimmy Carelis, University of Minnesota Senior Research Plot Technicians. We gratefully acknowledge partial funding for this work from the Minnesota Agricultural Utilization Research Institute, Minnesota Corn Research & Promotion Council, and the University of Minnesota's Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 89 EP 96 DI 10.13031/aea.31.10552 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CD1OK UT WOS:000350844000010 ER PT J AU Bauer, PJ Stone, KC Andrae, JG Busscher, WJ Millen, JA Strickland, EE Evans, DE AF Bauer, P. J. Stone, K. C. Andrae, J. G. Busscher, W. J. Millen, J. A. Strickland, E. E. Evans, D. E. TI WATER DEFICIT AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER EFFECTS ON NDVI OF 'TIFTON 85' BERMUDAGRASS DURING REGROWTH SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Bermudagrass; Irrigation; Irrigation management; Nitrogen; Normalized difference vegetative index ID CANOPY REFLECTANCE; PASTURE BIOMASS; YIELD; INDEX; WHEAT; IRRIGATION; DYNAMICS; STRESS; VALUES AB A better understanding of how bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) regrowth is influenced by production inputs will aid in advancing precision management. The objectives were to evaluate the effect of irrigation and nitrogen (N) on normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) during regrowth and evaluate the relationship between NDVI during regrowth to forage yield. Normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) data were collected in an experiment evaluating two harvest schedules (four or eight week), four rates of irrigation (0, 4.2, 8.4, or 12.5 mm of water each irrigation event), and three rates of N (season total of 168, 336, and 504 kg N ha(-1)). Both irrigation and N influenced NDVI of bermudagrass during the regrowth periods of both the four- and eight-week harvest schedules, but there were no irrigation by N interactions. As was expected, regrowth (as measured by NDVI) in response to irrigation was dependent on the timing and duration of rain-free periods within the regrowth periods. Generally, NDVI increased with increasing N rate at most sampling dates. Regression slopes of yield versus NDVI measured near the end of the regrowth period were higher for the eight-week harvest schedule than for the four-week schedule. Within each harvest schedule, however; slopes were similar. The high correlation coefficients between NDVI late in the regrowth period and yield suggest NDVI is a useful tool for managing bermudagrass harvests. C1 [Bauer, P. J.; Stone, K. C.; Busscher, W. J.; Millen, J. A.; Strickland, E. E.; Evans, D. E.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Andrae, J. G.] Clemson Univ, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Clemson, SC USA. RP Bauer, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2611 West Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM phil.bauer@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.13031/aea.31.10731 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CD1OK UT WOS:000350844000011 ER PT J AU Garcia, RA Piazza, GJ AF Garcia, R. A. Piazza, G. J. TI APPLICATION OF THE ELUSIEVE PROCESS TO THE CLASSIFICATION OF MEAT AND BONE MEAL PARTICLES SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Airstream classification; Ash shift; Meat and bone meal; Processing; Separation; Size classification ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; AIR CLASSIFICATION; SOLUBLES DDGS; FIBER; FRACTIONATION; SEPARATION; PROTEIN AB Meat and bone meal (MBM), a product of the rendering industry, comprises a mixture of two particle types. The utility and value of MBM would increase if the two particle types could be separated economically. Past efforts at classification of MBM particles have achieved limited success. In the present research, a classification method originally developed for distiller's dried grains is applied with modifications to MBM In this process, known in the literature as elusieving, a mixture of particles is screened into multiple fractions, and each fraction is processed separately using airstream classification units. In the present research, the MBM was treated with an anti-caking agent prior to processing. The screen opening sizes were chosen to isolate the smallest particles, which are very high in ash, and divide the remaining material into thirds. Each fraction was run through an air classification unit at multiple airspeeds, and the proximate compositions of the materials collected from the units were determined These results were used to determine the optimal separation of particle types that would be achieved if each fraction were classified at the ideal airspeed. Unprocessed MBM with an ash content of 26.1%, dry basis, was fractionated into one stream with ash content reduced to 19.8% (42.0% of total mass) and another with ash content increased to 34.4% (58.0% of original mass). A concept named ash shift is defined and used to compare the separations produced by different methods. The ash shift results from elusieve processing (25.7%) are shown to be superior to the ash shift achievable through screening (7.4%) or airstream classification (17.7%) alone. The appropriateness and limitations of the elusieve process for classifying MBM particles are discussed. C1 [Garcia, R. A.; Piazza, G. J.] ARS, Biobased & Other Anim Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Garcia, RA (reprint author), ARS, Biobased & Other Anim Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM rafael.garcia@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 165 EP 170 DI 10.13031/aea.31.10410 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CD1OK UT WOS:000350844000017 ER PT J AU Berner, D Eskandari, F Cavin, C Dubin, HJ AF Berner, Dana Eskandari, Farivar Cavin, Craig Dubin, H. J. TI Fulfilment of Koch's postulates and preliminary host range results for Septoria lepidii, a fungal pathogen for potential biological control of hoary cress (Lepidium spp.) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Brassicaceae; Cardaria; whitetop ID CANADIAN WEEDS; DRABA AB Koch's postulates were fulfilled on five geographical accessions of Lepidium draba and preliminary host range tests were conducted with Septoria lepidii Desm. on 42 Brassicaceae species. Host range results showed the fungus specific to Lepidium spp. This fungus is potentially an important biological control agent for weedy species of Lepidium. C1 [Berner, Dana; Eskandari, Farivar; Cavin, Craig; Dubin, H. J.] ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 48216 USA. RP Berner, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 48216 USA. EM dkber584@gmail.com NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2015 VL 25 IS 6 BP 732 EP 737 DI 10.1080/09583157.2015.1004522 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CD3PF UT WOS:000350990100009 ER PT J AU Schull, MA Anderson, MC Houborg, R Gitelson, A Kustas, WP AF Schull, M. A. Anderson, M. C. Houborg, R. Gitelson, A. Kustas, W. P. TI Thermal-based modeling of coupled carbon, water, and energy fluxes using nominal light use efficiencies constrained by leaf chlorophyll observations SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; REMOTE ESTIMATION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; AREA INDEX; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; GAS-EXCHANGE; HEAT-FLUX; MAIZE AB Recent studies have shown that estimates of leaf chlorophyll content (Chl), defined as the combined mass of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b per unit leaf area, can be useful for constraining estimates of canopy light use efficiency (LUE). Canopy LUE describes the amount of carbon assimilated by a vegetative canopy for a given amount of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) and is a key parameter for modeling land-surface carbon fluxes. A carbonenabled version of the remote-sensing-based two-source energy balance (TSEB) model simulates coupled canopy transpiration and carbon assimilation using an analytical submodel of canopy resistance constrained by inputs of nominal LUE (beta(n)), which is modulated within the model in response to varying conditions in light, humidity, ambient CO2 concentration, and temperature. Soil moisture constraints on water and carbon exchange are conveyed to the TSEB-LUE indirectly through thermal infrared measurements of land-surface temperature. We investigate the capability of using Chl estimates for capturing seasonal trends in the canopy beta(n) from in situ measurements of Chl acquired in irrigated and rain-fed fields of soybean and maize near Mead, Nebraska. The results show that field-measured Chl is nonlinearly related to beta(n), with variability primarily related to phenological changes during early growth and senescence. Utilizing seasonally varying beta(n) inputs based on an empirical relationship with in situ measured Chl resulted in improvements in carbon flux estimates from the TSEB model, while adjusting the partitioning of total water loss between plant transpiration and soil evaporation. The observed Chl-beta(n) relationship provides a functional mechanism for integrating remotely sensed Chl into the TSEB model, with the potential for improved mapping of coupled carbon, water, and energy fluxes across vegetated landscapes. C1 [Schull, M. A.; Anderson, M. C.; Kustas, W. P.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Houborg, R.] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Water Desalinat & Reuse Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Gitelson, A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, CALMIT, Lincoln, NE USA. [Gitelson, A.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Haifa, Israel. RP Schull, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mitchell.schull@ars.usda.gov RI Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 FU NASA Headquarters under the Terrestrial Ecology Program [NNH09ZDA001N] FX The research presented here was funded by NASA Headquarters under the Terrestrial Ecology Program (grant NNH09ZDA001N). We appreciate the data provided by the Center for Advanced Land Management Information Technologies (CALMIT) and the Carbon Sequestration Program, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2015 VL 12 IS 5 BP 1511 EP 1523 DI 10.5194/bg-12-1511-2015 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA CD3OK UT WOS:000350987900014 ER PT J AU Ravindran, H Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, S Adhikari, S Fasina, O Tu, M Via, B Carter, E Taylor, S AF Ravindran, H. Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, S. Adhikari, S. Fasina, O. Tu, M. Via, B. Carter, E. Taylor, S. TI Production of Bio-oil from Underutilized Forest Biomass Using an Auger Reactor SO ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS LA English DT Article DE auger reactor; bio-char; bio-oil; fast pyrolysis; underutilized forest biomass ID PYROLYSIS; WOOD AB Conversion of underutilized forest biomass to bio-oil could be a niche market for energy production. In this work, bio-oil was produced from underutilized forest biomass at selected temperatures between 425-500 degrees C using an auger reactor. Physical properties of bio-oil, such as pH, density, heating value, ash, and water, were analyzed and compared with an ASTM standard to document the effect of pyrolysis temperature. All of the properties analyzed in this study, except for the ash content of the bio-oil, met the ASTM standard. Chemical composition of bio-oil was also analyzed, and the concentration of each species was compared at different temperatures. C1 [Ravindran, H.; Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, S.; Adhikari, S.; Fasina, O.; Taylor, S.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biosyst Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Ravindran, H.] Auburn Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, S.] Auburn Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Tu, M.; Via, B.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Carter, E.] Auburn Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Adhikari, S (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biosyst Engn, 215 Tom Corley Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM sza0016@auburn.edu OI Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, Suchithra/0000-0002-2604-0620; Via, Brian/0000-0003-2676-7376 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Forest Service FX The authors would like to thank the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Forest Service for funding this study. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-7036 EI 1556-7230 J9 ENERG SOURCE PART A JI Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Util. Environ. Eff. PY 2015 VL 37 IS 7 BP 750 EP 757 DI 10.1080/15567036.2011.613894 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD3OV UT WOS:000350989000010 ER PT J AU Salis, M Ager, AA Alcasena, FJ Arca, B Finney, MA Pellizzaro, G Spano, D AF Salis, Michele Ager, Alan A. Alcasena, Fermin J. Arca, Bachisio Finney, Mark A. Pellizzaro, Grazia Spano, Donatella TI Analyzing seasonal patterns of wildfire exposure factors in Sardinia, Italy SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Burn probability; Fire exposure; Fire risk; Mediterranean areas; MTT algorithm; Seasonal patterns; Fire modeling ID LARGE WILDLAND FIRES; MEDITERRANEAN BASIN; INITIAL ATTACK; UNITED-STATES; FUEL TREATMENTS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; IGNITION RISK; MANAGEMENT; LANDSCAPE; SPAIN AB In this paper, we applied landscape scale wildfire simulation modeling to explore the spatiotemporal patterns of wildfire likelihood and intensity in the island of Sardinia (Italy). We also performed wildfire exposure analysis for selected highly valued resources on the island to identify areas characterized by high risk. We observed substantial variation in burn probability, fire size, and flame length among time periods within the fire season, which starts in early June and ends in late September. Peak burn probability and flame length were observed in late July. We found that patterns of wildfire likelihood and intensity were mainly related to spatiotemporal variation in ignition locations, fuelmoisture, and wind vectors. Our modeling approach allowed consideration of historical patterns of winds, ignition locations, and live and dead fuel moisture on fire exposure factors. The methodology proposed can be useful for analyzing potential wildfire risk and effects at landscape scale, evaluating historical changes and future trends in wildfire exposure, as well as for addressing and informing fuel management and risk mitigation issues. C1 [Salis, Michele; Spano, Donatella] Univ Sassari, Dept Sci Nat & Environm Resources DIPNET, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Salis, Michele; Alcasena, Fermin J.; Spano, Donatella] Euromediterranean Ctr Climate Change CMCC, IAFENT Div, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Ager, Alan A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. [Arca, Bachisio; Pellizzaro, Grazia] Natl Res Council CNR, Inst Biometeorol IBIMET, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Finney, Mark A.] Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Salis, M (reprint author), Univ Sassari, Dept Sci Nat & Environm Resources DIPNET, Via De Nicola 9, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. EM miksalis@uniss.it RI Pellizzaro, Grazia/C-5172-2015; OI Pellizzaro, Grazia/0000-0003-0860-897X; Alcasena Urdiroz, Fermin Jesus/0000-0002-2007-9487 FU GEMINA Project MIUR/MATTM [232/2011]; EXTREME Project [CRP-25405]; Modeling approach to evaluate fire risk and mitigation planning actions FX The authors would like to thank the Forest Service of Sardinia and the Sardinia Civil Protection for collaborating in this study. This work was partially funded by the GEMINA Project MIUR/MATTM n. 232/2011, by the EXTREME Project (Legge Regione Sardegna 7/2007, CRP-25405), and by the Project "Modeling approach to evaluate fire risk and mitigation planning actions" (P.O.R. SARDEGNA F.S.E. 2007-2013, Asse IV Capitale umano, Linea di Attivita 1. 3.1). NR 75 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 187 IS 1 AR 4175 DI 10.1007/s10661-014-4175-x PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE0XW UT WOS:000351535200003 PM 25471625 ER PT J AU Frihart, CR AF Frihart, Charles R. TI Introduction to Special Issue Wood Adhesives: Past, Present, and Future SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA Forest Serv, Wood Adhes, Performance Enhanced Biopolymers, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Frihart, CR (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Wood Adhes, Performance Enhanced Biopolymers, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM cfrihart@fs.fed.us NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PY 2015 VL 65 IS 1-2 BP 4 EP 8 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA CD6HQ UT WOS:000351190600001 ER PT J AU Hunt, C O'Dell, J Jakes, J Grigsby, WJ Frihart, CR AF Hunt, Christopher O'Dell, Jane Jakes, Joseph Grigsby, Warren J. Frihart, Charles R. TI Wood as Polar Size Exclusion Chromatography Media: Implications to Adhesive Performance SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE; ORGANIC LIQUIDS; YOUNGS MODULUS; BOND LINES; CELL-WALLS; NANOINDENTATION; INDENTATION; INTERPHASE; HARDNESS; PENETRATION AB Although it is well known that wood can absorb liquids, the full impact of this phenomenon on resulting adhesive cure and performance is not well understood. In a related soy adhesive study, aspects of this phenomenon were not fully anticipated and resulted in a significant impact on adhesive bond quality. In essence, the wood being bonded acted like chromatography media, filtering relatively smaller molecules from the surrounding adhesive matrix and altering the local composition of the adhesive material. Through the use of soy adhesives containing glycerin, the infiltration of glycerin analogs into wood cell walls has been determined and related with the impact on bondline and wood properties. The impacts of infiltration and chromatographic separation on the cured adhesive are also discussed. C1 [Hunt, Christopher; O'Dell, Jane; Jakes, Joseph] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Grigsby, Warren J.] SCION, Rotorua, New Zealand. [Frihart, Charles R.] USDA Forest Serv, Wood Adhes, Performance Enhanced Biopolymers, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Hunt, C (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM cghunt@fs.fed.us; janeodell@fs.fed.us; jjakes@fs.fed.us; Warren.Grigsby@scionresearch.com; cfrihart@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PY 2015 VL 65 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 14 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA CD6HQ UT WOS:000351190600002 ER PT J AU Lorenz, L Birkeland, M Daurio, C Frihart, CR AF Lorenz, Linda Birkeland, Michael Daurio, Chera Frihart, Charles R. TI Soy Flour Adhesive Strength Compared with That of Purified Soy Proteins SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID BONDED WOOD AB Although proteins are naturally good adhesives, often the most economical source has a significant carbohydrate component. Our prior studies have shown that commercial soy protein isolates (CSPI) give very good dry and wet bond strength for wood bonding, but the strengths are much lower for soy flour, especially under wet conditions. One large difference between these soy products is the percentages of carbohydrates, which generally provide poor bond strength under wet conditions. A variety of commercial isolates, concentrates, and flours were examined for their adhesive properties using a small-scale bond test that emphasizes cohesive bond strength. In studying how much the carbohydrates weaken the bond strength, we learned that the carbohydrate interference is only part of the difference between commercial soy flour and purified soy proteins (isolate and concentrate). An even larger factor is the denaturation of the isolate in the CSPI. Thus, it is important to realize that the CSPI performance may not be a good predictor of properties that can be expected from soy flours. C1 [Lorenz, Linda; Frihart, Charles R.] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Birkeland, Michael; Daurio, Chera] AgriChem Technol Inc, Madison, WI USA. RP Frihart, CR (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM llorenz@fs.fed.us; mike@agchemtech.com; chera@agchemtech.com; cfrihart@fs.fed.us FU United Soybean Board [0458, 1458]; Ashland Water Technologies FX We thank the United Soybean Board for grants 0458 and 1458, and Ashland Water Technologies for support of this work. We also thank Joshua Hambali and Ryan Alt for some of the experimental data. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 15 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PY 2015 VL 65 IS 1-2 BP 26 EP 30 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA CD6HQ UT WOS:000351190600005 ER PT J AU Alexandre, PM Mockrin, MH Stewart, SI Hammer, RB Radeloff, VC AF Alexandre, Patricia M. Mockrin, Miranda H. Stewart, Susan I. Hammer, Roger B. Radeloff, Volker C. TI Rebuilding and new housing development after wildfire SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE building digitalisation; fire perimeters; fire-adapted communities; post-wildfire community response; rebuilding patterns; wildland-urban interface ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; COMMUNITY RESILIENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FIRE REGIMES; DISASTER; RISK; FOREST; DISTURBANCES; ECOSYSTEMS AB The number of wildland-urban interface communities affected by wildfire is increasing, and both wildfire suppression and losses are costly. However, little is known about post-wildfire response by homeowners and communities after buildings are lost. Our goal was to characterise rebuilding and new development after wildfires across the conterminous United States. We analysed all wildfires in the conterminous USA from 2000 to 2005. We mapped 42 724 buildings, of which 34 836 were present before the fire and survived, 3604 were burned, 2403 were post-fire new development, and 1881 were burned and rebuilt. Before the fires, 38 440 buildings were present within fire perimeters (surviving plus burned). Within 5 years post-fire, there were 39 120 buildings (surviving, rebuilt and new development). Nationally, only 25% of burned homes were rebuilt within 5 years, though rates were higher in the west, the south and Kansas. New development rates inside versus outside fire perimeters were similar. That the number of buildings inside fire perimeters within 5 years post-fire was greater than pre-fire indicated that homeowners are either willing to face wildfire risks or are unaware of them; or that economic incentives to rebuild in the same place outweigh perceived risks. C1 [Alexandre, Patricia M.; Stewart, Susan I.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, SILVIS Lab, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mockrin, Miranda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Publ Policy, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Alexandre, PM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, SILVIS Lab, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM alexandre@wisc.edu RI Alexandre, Patricia/I-6354-2015; Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016 OI Alexandre, Patricia/0000-0003-1242-1710; Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X FU Rocky Mountain Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; Northern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; Fulbright Exchange program fellowship FX This work was supported by the Rocky Mountain Research Station and Northern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service and a Fulbright Exchange program fellowship to Patricia Alexandre. Special thanks to editor S. Conard, four anonymous reviewers, M. Beighley, A. Bar Massada, D. Helmers and A. Syphard for their insightful advice and suggestions; T. J. Hawbaker for his help and constructive comments throughout the project; and N. Keuler for statistical advice. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2015 VL 24 IS 1 BP 138 EP 149 DI 10.1071/WF13197 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CD9TV UT WOS:000351442300014 ER PT J AU McCaffrey, S Rhodes, A Stidham, M AF McCaffrey, Sarah Rhodes, Alan Stidham, Melanie TI Wildfire evacuation and its alternatives: perspectives from four United States' communities SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; SHELTER-IN-PLACE; DEFEND; LEAVE; STAY; FIRE; BUSHFIRE AB Recent years have seen growing interest within the United States fire management community in exploring alternatives to the standard approach of evacuating entire populations that are threatened by a wildfire. There has been particular interest in what can be learned from the Australian approach, whereby residents choose whether or not to evacuate under the 'prepare, stay and defend or leave early' approach, also called Stay or Go. Given these developments, it is useful to understand what elements are taken into consideration by those who would be most affected by a new approach when they think through the pros and cons of mass evacuation v. an alternative strategy should a wildfire occur. This paper reports on findings from interviews in four communities in the United States where some alternative to mass evacuation during a wildfire was being considered. In each community, emergency responders and community members were asked for their perspective on the pros and cons of evacuation and the alternative being considered. The results show that opinions were mixed on whether evacuation or an alternative approach was more appropriate. Individuals who were primarily thinking of improving safety and reducing uncertainty for emergency responders tended to think mass evacuation was the best approach, whereas those who were primarily thinking of increasing safety and reducing uncertainty for homeowners were more likely to think that alternative responses were a valid option. These findings demonstrate the complicated nature of developing evacuation strategies that are beneficial to all parties involved. C1 [McCaffrey, Sarah] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Rhodes, Alan] Off Fire Serv Commissioner, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. [Stidham, Melanie] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. RP McCaffrey, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1033 Univ Pl,360, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM smccaffrey@fs.fed.us NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 170 EP 178 DI 10.1071/WF13050 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CD9TX UT WOS:000351442500004 ER PT J AU Potter, BE Anaya, MA AF Potter, Brian E. Anaya, Matthew A. TI A Wildfire-relevant climatology of the convective environment of the United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire behaviour; instability; plume ID AMERICAN REGIONAL REANALYSIS; WILDLAND FIRES; DYNAMICS AB Convective instability can influence the behaviour of large wildfires. Because wildfires modify the temperature and moisture of air in their plumes, instability calculations using ambient conditions may not accurately represent convective potential for some fire plumes. This study used the North American Regional Reanalysis to develop a climatology of the convective environment specifically tied to large fire events. The climatology is based on the period 1979-2009 and includes ambient convective available potential energy (CAPE) as well as values when surface air is warmed by 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 K or moistened by 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g kg(-1). Results for the 2.0 K and 2.0 g kg(-1) modifications are presented. The results reveal spatial and seasonal patterns of convective sensitivity to added heat or moisture. The patterns suggest that use of ambient CAPE to estimate the potential plume growth of a large wildfire may underestimate that potential in heat-or moisture-sensitive regions. C1 [Potter, Brian E.; Anaya, Matthew A.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Fire Sci Lab, USDA, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Potter, BE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Fire Sci Lab, USDA, 400 N 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM bpotter@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan; American Recovery and Re-investment Act FX This work was funded by the USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan and the American Recovery and Re-investment Act. Mr. Anaya was an intern with the USDA Forest Service, through the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities' National Intern Program. We appreciate the thorough review by the anonymous reviewers and associate editor. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 267 EP 275 DI 10.1071/WF13211 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CD9TX UT WOS:000351442500013 ER PT J AU Davis, AY Ottmar, R Liu, YQ Goodrick, S Achtemeier, G Gullett, B Aurell, J Stevens, W Greenwald, R Hu, YT Russell, A Hiers, JK Odman, MT AF Davis, Aika Y. Ottmar, Roger Liu, Yongqiang Goodrick, Scott Achtemeier, Gary Gullett, Brian Aurell, Johanna Stevens, William Greenwald, Roby Hu, Yongtao Russell, Armistead Hiers, J. Kevin Odman, M. Talat TI Fire emission uncertainties and their effect on smoke dispersion predictions: a case study at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; UNITED-STATES; PRESCRIBED BURNS; PLUME-RISE; CARBON; URBAN; MODEL; SIMULATION; ATMOSPHERE; PARTICLES AB Prescribed burning is practiced to benefit ecosystems but the resulting emissions can adversely affect air quality. A better understanding of the uncertainties in emission estimates and how these uncertainties affect smoke predictions is critical for model-based decision making. This study examined uncertainties associated with estimating fire emissions and how they affected smoke concentrations downwind from a prescribed burn that was conducted at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida, US. Estimated variables used in the modelled emission calculation were compared with field measurements. Fuel loadings, fuel consumption and emission factors were simulated using Photo Series, Consume, and previously published values. A plume dispersion model was used to study the effect of uncertainty in emissions on ground concentration prediction. The fire emission models predicted fuel loading, fuel consumption and emission factor within 15% of measurements. Approximately 18% uncertainty in field measurements of PM2.5 emissions and 36% uncertainty attributed to variability in emission estimating models resulted respectively in 20% and 42% ground level PM2.5 concentration uncertainties in dispersion modelling using Daysmoke. Uncertainty in input emissions influences the concentrations predicted by the smoke dispersion model to the same degree as does the model's inherent uncertainty due to turbulence. C1 [Davis, Aika Y.; Hu, Yongtao; Russell, Armistead; Odman, M. Talat] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ottmar, Roger] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Liu, Yongqiang; Goodrick, Scott; Achtemeier, Gary] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gullett, Brian; Aurell, Johanna] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stevens, William] Kentucky Christian Univ, Grayson, KY 41143 USA. [Greenwald, Roby] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin] Univ South, Environm Stewardship & Sustainabil, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA. RP Odman, MT (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, 790 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM talat.odman@ce.gatech.edu RI Hu, Yongtao/H-7543-2016 OI Hu, Yongtao/0000-0002-5161-0592 FU Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 081604, JFSP 081606]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [SERDP RC-1647]; NASA Air Quality Applied Science Team [NNX11AI55G]; US EPA Science to Achieve Results Program [RD83521701] FX This study was made possible with support from the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP 081604 and JFSP 081606), the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP RC-1647) and NASA Air Quality Applied Science Team (NNX11AI55G). This publication was made possible also by the US EPA Science to Achieve Results Program (RD83521701). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US EPA. Further, US EPA does not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. Special thanks are due to those who participated in Rx-CADRE at Eglin AFB and helped gathering burn information and data, especially Brett Williams from Jackson Guard, Eglin AFB Fire Management, and Boris Galvis and Fernando Garcia-Menendez from Georgia Institute of Technology. We also acknowledge David Combs and Ken Forbus from USDA Forest Service for conduction ceilometer measurements, as well as Chris Pressley, Bill Mitchell and Bill Squier of EPA and Rob Gribble of ISSI Inc. for conducting aerostat measurements. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 20 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 276 EP 285 DI 10.1071/WF13071 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CD9TX UT WOS:000351442500014 ER PT J AU Safford, HD Miller, JD Collins, BM AF Safford, Hugh D. Miller, Jay D. Collins, Brandon M. TI Differences in land ownership, fire management objectives and source data matter: a reply to Hanson and Odion (2014) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID SIERRA-NEVADA; CALIFORNIA; SEVERITY; USA; VEGETATION; MOUNTAINS; FORESTS; TRENDS AB We respond to Hanson and Odion (2014), who claim in this journal (vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 1-8) that their reanalysis of fire severity patterns in and around the Sierra Nevada refutes earlier work showing increases in fire severity in certain forest types over the last 3 decades. Hanson and Odion base their reanalysis on a highly inaccurate, very coarse-scale, and geographically misregistered vegetation map. Also, in contrast to the previous work, which was restricted to wildfires on Forest Service lands in forest types differentiated by their fire regimes, Hanson and Odion combine all types of fires on lands of all jurisdictions and stratify by very broad, unorthodox vegetation types that conjoin very different fire regimes. As such, their work does not constitute a test of the previous work. We present analyses that demonstrate sources of error associated with Hanson and Odion's data and the analyses they perform, and explore how that error might confound their results. Fundamental and compounded problems in Hanson and Odion (2014) cast strong doubt on their conclusions. C1 [Safford, Hugh D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Miller, Jay D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Reg, Fire & Aviat Management, Mcclellan, CA 95652 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Fire Res & Outreach, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Safford, HD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. EM hughsafford@fs.fed.us NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 286 EP 293 DI 10.1071/WF14013 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CD9TX UT WOS:000351442500015 ER PT J AU Ben-Mahmoud, S Ramos, JE Shatters, RG Rouge, P Powell, CA Smagghe, G Borovsky, D AF Ben-Mahmoud, Sulley Ramos, John E. Shatters, Robert G., Jr. Rouge, Pierre Powell, Charles A. Smagghe, Guy Borovsky, Dov TI Cloning and characterization of a basic cysteine-like protease (cathepsin L1) expressed in the gut of larval Diaprepes abbreviatus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diaprepes abbreviatus; Basic cathepsin L1; Bacterial expression; 3D modeling; Enzyme characterization ID ROOTWORM DIABROTICA-VIRGIFERA; L-LIKE PROTEINASES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROCATHEPSIN-L; IN-VITRO; MIDGUT; INHIBITORS; SPECIFICITY; WEEVIL; LOCALIZATION AB Diaprepes abbreviatus is an important pest that causes extensive damage to citrus in the USA. Analysis of an expressed sequence tag (EST) library from the digestive tract of larvae and adult D. abbreviatus identified cathepsins as major putative digestive enzymes. One class, sharing amino acid sequence identity with cathepsin L's, was the most abundant in the EST dataset representing 14.4% and 3.6% of the total sequences in feeding larvae and adults, respectively. The predominant cathepsin (Da-CTSL1) among this class was further studied. Three dimensional modeling of the protein sequence showed that the mature Da-CTSL1 protein folds into an expected cathepsin L structure producing a substrate binding pocket with appropriate positioning of conserved amino acid residues. A full-length cDNA was obtained and the proCTSL1 encoding sequence was expressed in Rosetta (TM) Escherichia coli cells engineered to express tRNAs specific for eukaryotic codon usage. The Da-CTSL1 was expressed as a fusion protein with GST and His(6) tags and purified in the presence of 1% Triton X-100 by Ni-NTA affinity and size exclusion chromatography. Recombinant mature Da-CTSL1 (23 KDa) exhibits optimal activity at pH 8, rather than at acidic pH that was shown of all previously characterized cathepsins L. Substrate specificity supports the hypothesis that Da-CTSL1 is a unique basic cathepsin L and protease inhibitor studies also suggest unique activity, unlike other characterized acidic cathepsin Ls. This paper describes for the first time a prokaryotic expression system for the production of a functional eukaryotic cathepsin L1 from larval gut of D. abbreviatus. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ben-Mahmoud, Sulley; Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Ramos, John E.; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.; Borovsky, Dov] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Rouge, Pierre] Univ Toulouse 3, UPS, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, IRD,UMR Pharma Dev 152, F-31062 Toulouse 09, France. [Smagghe, Guy] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Borovsky, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM dovborovsky@gmail.com FU TSTAR USDA; Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); ORAU under DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100] FX This work has been supported by TSTAR USDA and Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program Grants to D.B., C.P and R.S. One of us (D.B.) is an established scientist fellow at the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). ORISE is managed by ORAU under DOE contract number DE-AC05-06OR23100. All opinions expressed in this paper are the author's and do not necessarily reflect the policies and views of USDA, ARS, DOE, or ORAU/ORISE. We thank Dr. Lapointe at the USDA Ft. Pierce FL, for providing us with a photograph of the digestive tract of larval D. abbreviatus. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 72 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.11.001 PG 13 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA CD8CP UT WOS:000351323100001 PM 25445662 ER PT J AU Khongphinitbunjong, K de Guzman, LI Tarver, MR Rinderer, TE Chen, YP Chantawannakul, P AF Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong de Guzman, Lilia I. Tarver, Matthew R. Rinderer, Thomas E. Chen, Yanping Chantawannakul, Panuwan TI Differential viral levels and immune gene expression in three stocks of Apis mellifera induced by different numbers of Varroa destructor SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor; Antimicrobial peptide; Deformed wing virus ID DEFORMED-WING VIRUS; HONEY-BEE HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE COLONIES; MESOSTIGMATA VARROIDAE; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; SENSITIVE HYGIENE; GAMMA-RADIATION; KILLED BROOD; PCR ANALYSIS; MITES AB The viral levels and immune responses of Italian honey bees (IHB), Russian honey bees (RHB) and an outcross of Varroa Sensitive Hygienic bees (POL) deliberately infested with one or two foundress Varroa were compared. We found that the Deformed wing virus (DWV) level in IHB inoculated with one or two foundress Varroa increased to about 10(3) or 10(5) fold the levels of their uninfested brood. In contrast, POL (10(2) or 10(4) fold) and RHB (10(2) or 10(4) fold) supported a lower increase in DWV levels. The feeding of different stages of Varroa nymphs did not increase DWV levels of their pupal hosts. Analyses of their corresponding Varroa mites showed the same trends: two foundress Varroa yielded higher DWV levels than one foundress, and the addition of nymphs did not increase viral levels. Using the same pupae examined for the presence of viruses, 16 out of 24 genes evaluated showed significant differential mRNA expression levels among the three honey bee stocks. However, only four genes (Defensin, Dscam, PPOact and spaetzle), which were expressed at similar levels in uninfested pupae, were altered by the number of feeding foundress Varroa and levels of DWV regardless of stocks. This research provides the first evidence that immune response profiles of different honey bee stocks are induced by Varroa parasitism. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong; Chantawannakul, Panuwan] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Bee Protect Lab, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [de Guzman, Lilia I.; Tarver, Matthew R.; Rinderer, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Chen, Yanping] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chantawannakul, P (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM panuwan@gmail.com FU Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program; Thailand Research Fund [BRG 5580013] FX We acknowledge the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program for the financial support to Kitiphong Khongphinitbunjong and the Thailand Research Fund (BRG 5580013). We thank Robert Danka for providing access to his VSH outcross colonies, Amanda Frake for statistical advice, Beth Holloway for helpful suggestions regarding molecular analysis, and Tony Stelzer, Joshua Wales and Sharon O'Brien for their technical assistance. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 72 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.11.005 PG 7 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA CD8CP UT WOS:000351323100004 PM 25456452 ER PT J AU Zhao, CY Gonzales, MAA Poland, TM Mittapalli, O AF Zhao, Chaoyang Gonzales, Miguel A. Alvarez Poland, Therese M. Mittapalli, Omprakash TI Core RNAi machinery and gene knockdown in the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; RNA interference; Dicer-2; Argonaute-2; R2D2; ScrB ID SMALL INTERFERING RNA; GENOME-WIDE SURVEY; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; ARGONAUTE PROTEINS; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; DISTINCT ROLES; DROSOPHILA; EXPRESSION; COLEOPTERA; PATHWAY AB The RNA interference (RNAi) technology has been widely used in insect functional genomics research and provides an alternative approach for insect pest management. To understand whether the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), an invasive and destructive coleopteran insect pest of ash tree (Fraxinus spp.), possesses a strong RNAi machinery that is capable of degrading target mRNA as a response to exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induction, we identified three RNAi pathway core component genes, Dicer-2, Argonaute-2 and R2D2, from the A. planipennis genome sequence. Characterization of these core components revealed that they contain conserved domains essential for the proteins to function in the RNAi pathway. Phylogenetic analyses showed that they are closely related to homologs derived from other coleopteran species. We also delivered the dsRNA fragment of AplaScrB-2, a B-fructofuranosidase-encoding gene horizontally acquired by A. planipennis as we reported previously, into A. planipennis adults through microinjection. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis on the dsRNA-treated beetles demonstrated a significantly decreased gene expression level of AplaScrB-2 appearing on day 2 and lasting until at least day 6. This study is the first record of RNAi applied in A. planipennis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Chaoyang; Gonzales, Miguel A. Alvarez; Mittapalli, Omprakash] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Poland, Therese M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Mittapalli, O (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mittapalli1@osu.edu OI Zhao, Chaoyang/0000-0003-3378-3163 FU USDA APHIS Accelerated Emerald Ash Borer Research Program; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center; Ohio State University FX We thank Tina Ciaramitaro and Debbie Miller for assistance with cutting ash logs and rearing emerald ash borer adults and Toby Petrice for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. This research was funded by the USDA APHIS Accelerated Emerald Ash Borer Research Program, by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and The Ohio State University. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 72 BP 70 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.12.002 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA CD8CP UT WOS:000351323100010 PM 25541004 ER PT J AU Harris-Shultz, K Harrison, M Wadl, PA Trigiano, RN Rinehart, T AF Harris-Shultz, Karen Harrison, Melanie Wadl, Phillip A. Trigiano, Robert N. Rinehart, Timothy TI Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers for a Little Bluestem Collection SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANDROPOGON-SCOPARIUS; DNA; RETROTRANSPOSONS; GENOME; WHEAT; POPULATIONS; MORPHOLOGY; FERTILITY; SEQUENCES; POACEAE AB Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) is a perennial bunchgrass that is native to North American prairies and woodlands from southern Canada to northern Mexico. Originally used as a forage grass, little bluestem is now listed as a major U.S. native, ornamental grass. With the widespread planting of only a few cultivars, we aimed to assess the ploidy level and genetic diversity among some popular cultivars and accessions in the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Plant Germplasm System collection. Ten microsatellite markers, with successful amplification, were developed by using sequences available in Genbank and additional simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were generated by using ion torrent sequencing of a genomic library created from the cultivar The Blues. A total of 2812 primer sets was designed from high-throughput sequencing, 100 primer pairs were selected, and 82 of these primers successfully amplified DNA from the Schizachyrium accessions. Only 35 primer pairs, generating 102 scored fragments, were polymorphic among S. scoparium accessions. Twenty-two primer pairs generated more than four fragments per accession. The use of a repetitive sequence identifier found that of 117 examined sequences, only nine sequences did not have similarity to DNA transposons, retrotransposons, viruses, or satellite sequences. The most frequently identified fragments were the long terminal repeat retrotransposons Gypsy (177 fragments) and Copia (98 fragments) and the DNA transposon EnSpm (60 fragments). Using the software program Structure, cluster analysis of the SSR data for S. scoparium revealed four groups. The lowest genetic similarity between little bluestem samples was 86%, which was surprising as a high degree of morphological variation is seen in this species. Furthermore, no variation in ploidy level was seen among little bluestem samples. These microsatellite markers are the first sequence-specific markers designed for little bluestem and can serve as a resource for future genetic studies. C1 [Harris-Shultz, Karen] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Harrison, Melanie] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources & Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Wadl, Phillip A.; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy] ARS, USDA, Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Harris-Shultz, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Karen.Harris@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 140 IS 1 BP 78 EP 87 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CD6HT UT WOS:000351190900010 ER PT J AU Blazejewski, T Nursimulu, N Pszenny, V Dangoudoubiyam, S Namasivayam, S Chiasson, MA Chessman, K Tonkin, M Swapna, LS Hung, SS Bridgers, J Ricklefs, SM Boulanger, MJ Dubey, JP Porcella, SF Kissinger, JC Howe, DK Grigg, ME Parkinson, J AF Blazejewski, Tomasz Nursimulu, Nirvana Pszenny, Viviana Dangoudoubiyam, Sriveny Namasivayam, Sivaranjani Chiasson, Melissa A. Chessman, Kyle Tonkin, Michelle Swapna, Lakshmipuram S. Hung, Stacy S. Bridgers, Joshua Ricklefs, Stacy M. Boulanger, Martin J. Dubey, Jitender P. Porcella, Stephen F. Kissinger, Jessica C. Howe, Daniel K. Grigg, Michael E. Parkinson, John TI Systems-Based Analysis of the Sarcocystis neurona Genome Identifies Pathways That Contribute to a Heteroxenous Life Cycle SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID PARASITE PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; HOST-CELL INVASION; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; APICOMPLEXAN PARASITES; SURFACE-ANTIGENS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INFECTION; VIRULENCE AB Sarcocystis neurona is a member of the coccidia, a clade of single-celled parasites of medical and veterinary importance including Eimeria, Sarcocystis, Neospora, and Toxoplasma. Unlike Eimeria, a single-host enteric pathogen, Sarcocystis, Neospora, and Toxoplasma are two-host parasites that infect and produce infectious tissue cysts in a wide range of intermediate hosts. As a genus, Sarcocystis is one of the most successful protozoan parasites; all vertebrates, including birds, reptiles, fish, and mammals are hosts to at least one Sarcocystis species. Here we sequenced Sarcocystis neurona, the causal agent of fatal equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. The S. neurona genome is 127 Mbp, more than twice the size of other sequenced coccidian genomes. Comparative analyses identified conservation of the invasion machinery among the coccidia. However, many dense-granule and rhoptry kinase genes, responsible for altering host effector pathways in Toxoplasma and Neospora, are absent from S. neurona. Further, S. neurona has a divergent repertoire of SRS proteins, previously implicated in tissue cyst formation in Toxoplasma. Systems-based analyses identified a series of metabolic innovations, including the ability to exploit alternative sources of energy. Finally, we present an S. neurona model detailing conserved molecular innovations that promote the transition from a purely enteric lifestyle (Eimeria) to a heteroxenous parasite capable of infecting a wide range of intermediate hosts. IMPORTANCE Sarcocystis neurona is a member of the coccidia, a clade of single-celled apicomplexan parasites responsible for major economic and health care burdens worldwide. A cousin of Plasmodium, Cryptosporidium, Theileria, and Eimeria, Sarcocystis is one of the most successful parasite genera; it is capable of infecting all vertebrates (fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals-including humans). The past decade has witnessed an increasing number of human outbreaks of clinical significance associated with acute sarcocystosis. Among Sarcocystis species, S. neurona has a wide host range and causes fatal encephalitis in horses, marine mammals, and several other mammals. To provide insights into the transition from a purely enteric parasite (e.g., Eimeria) to one that forms tissue cysts (Toxoplasma), we present the first genome sequence of S. neurona. Comparisons with other coccidian genomes highlight the molecular innovations that drive its distinct life cycle strategies. C1 [Blazejewski, Tomasz; Nursimulu, Nirvana; Chessman, Kyle; Swapna, Lakshmipuram S.; Hung, Stacy S.; Parkinson, John] Hosp Sick Children, Program Mol Struct & Funct, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Nursimulu, Nirvana; Chessman, Kyle] Univ Toronto, Dept Comp Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Pszenny, Viviana; Chiasson, Melissa A.; Grigg, Michael E.] NIAID, Mol Parasitol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dangoudoubiyam, Sriveny; Howe, Daniel K.] Univ Kentucky, Gluck Equine Res Ctr, Dept Vet Sci, Lexington, KY USA. [Namasivayam, Sivaranjani; Bridgers, Joshua; Kissinger, Jessica C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Tonkin, Michelle; Boulanger, Martin J.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Hung, Stacy S.; Parkinson, John] Univ Toronto, Dept Mol Genet, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Ricklefs, Stacy M.; Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Porcella, Stephen F.] NIAID, Genom Unit, Res Technol Sect, Rocky Mt Labs, Hamilton, MT USA. [Kissinger, Jessica C.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kissinger, Jessica C.] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Parkinson, John] Univ Toronto, Dept Biochem, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Parkinson, J (reprint author), Hosp Sick Children, Program Mol Struct & Funct, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. EM griggm@niaid.nih.gov; john.parkinson@utoronto.ca FU Canadian Institute for Health Research [CIHR-MOP 84556]; NIH; NIAID; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); USDA NIFA [2009-65109-05918]; Amerman Family Equine Research Fund FX This study was financially supported by the Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR-MOP 84556 to J.P. and M.E.G.) and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIAID (M.E.G.). M.J.B. was supported by a discovery grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). M.E.G. is a scholar of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Integrated Microbial Biodiversity Program. D.K.H. and J.C.K. were supported by a grant from the USDA NIFA (2009-65109-05918). D.K.H. was additionally supported by the Amerman Family Equine Research Fund. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 6 IS 1 AR e02445-14 DI 10.1128/mBio.02445-14 PG 16 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CC8PZ UT WOS:000350631900012 ER PT J AU Still, SM Richardson, BA AF Still, Shannon M. Richardson, Bryce A. TI Projections of Contemporary and Future Climate Niche for Wyoming Big Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata subsp wyomingensis): A Guide for Restoration SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE bioclimatic model; climate change; ecological restoration; Random Forests; sagebrush ID SUBGENUS TRIDENTATAE; SUITABLE HABITAT; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; ASTERACEAE; ECOSYSTEMS; MODELS; HYBRIDIZATION; SCENARIOS; RESPONSES AB Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) is one of the most widespread and abundant plant species in the intermountain regions of western North America. This species occupies an extremely wide ecological niche ranging from the semi-arid basins to the subalpine. Within this large niche, three widespread subspecies are recognized. Montane ecoregions are occupied by subspecies vaseyana, while subspecies wyomingensis and tridentata occupy basin ecoregions. In cases of wide-ranging species with multiple subspecies, it can be more practical from the scientific and management perspective to assess the climate profiles at the subspecies level. We focus bioclimatic model efforts on subspecies wyomingensis, which is the most widespread and abundant of the subspecies and critical habitat to wildlife including sage-grouse and pygmy rabbits. Using absence points from species with allopatric ranges to Wyoming big sagebrush (i.e.. targeted groups absences) and randomly sampled points from specific ecoregions, we modeled the climatic envelope for subspecies wyomingensis using Random Forests multiple-regression tree for contemporary and future climates (decade 2050). Overall model error was low, at 4.5%, with the vast majority accounted for by errors in commission (>99.9%). Comparison of the contemporary and decade 2050 models shows a predicted 39% loss of suitable climate. Much of this loss will occur in the Great Basin where impacts from increasing tire frequency and encroaching weeds have been eroding the A. tridentata landscape dominance and ecological functions. Our goal of the A. tridentata subsp. wyomingensis bioclimatic model is to provide a management tool to promote successful restoration by predicting the geographic areas where climate is suitable for this subspecies. This model can also be used as a restoration-planning tool to assess vulnerability of climatic extirpation over the next few decades. C1 [Still, Shannon M.] Chicago Bot Garden, Glencoe, IL 60022 USA. [Richardson, Bryce A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Richardson, BA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, 735 North 500 East, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM brichardson02@fs.fed.us FU Great Basin Landscape Conservation Cooperative; USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan [NFP-13-15-GSD-35]; USDI Bureau of Land Management: Great Basin Native Plant Program; Plant Conservation Program FX We thank Drs. Todd Esque and Durant McArthur for providing point data, and the technical advice of Dr. Nicholas Crookston. Funding was provided by the USDI Bureau of Land Management: Great Basin Native Plant Program, Plant Conservation Program and the Great Basin Landscape Conservation Cooperative, and the USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan (NFP-13-15-GSD-35). NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 28 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 BP 30 EP 43 PG 14 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA CD9NM UT WOS:000351425000006 ER PT J AU Shock, CC Feibert, EBG Shaw, NL Shock, MP Saunders, LD AF Shock, Clinton C. Feibert, Erik B. G. Shaw, Nancy L. Shock, Myrtle P. Saunders, Lamont D. TI Irrigation to Enhance Native Seed Production for Great Basin Restoration SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Eriogonum umbellatum; fernleaf biscuitroot; gooseberryleaf globemallow; Lomatium dissectum; Penstemon speciosus; royal penstemon; sagebrush penstemon; sagebrush steppe; Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia; subsurface drip irrigation; sulphur-flower buckwheat ID DESERT; FERTILIZATION; CALIFORNIA; GRASSES; GROWTH AB Native shrublands and their associated grasses and forbs have been disappearing from the Great Basin as a result of grazing practices, exotic weed invasions, altered fire regimes, climate change and other human impacts. Native forb seed is needed to restore these areas. The irrigation requirements for maximum seed production of four key native forb species (Eriogonum umbellutum, Lomatium dissectutn, Penstemon speciosus. and Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia) were studied at the Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station beginning in 2005. Species plots were supplied with 0, 100, or 200 mm of subsurface drip irrigation per year using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Irrigation in each plot was divided into four equal increments applied between bud and seed set with timing dependent upon the flowering and seed set phenology of each species. Seed was harvested in each year of production through 2011. and the optimal irrigation rate was determined by regression. The four native forb species differed in their responses to irrigation. Lomatium dissectum seed yields were optimized with 140 mm of irrigation. Eriogonum umbellatum seed yields were optimized with 173 to 200 mm of irrigation in dry years and progressively less to no irrigation in the wettest year. Penstemon speciosus seed yields were optimized with 107 mm of irrigation in dry years and were reduced by irrigation in wet years. Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia seed yields did not respond to irrigation. Water requirements of these species are low, and these results can be used by seed growers to produce native forb seed more economically. C1 [Shock, Clinton C.; Feibert, Erik B. G.; Saunders, Lamont D.] Oregon State Univ, Malheur Expt Stn, Ontario, OR 97914 USA. [Shaw, Nancy L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Shock, Myrtle P.] Univ Fed Oeste Para, Anthropol & Archaeol Program, BR-68040470 Santarem, Para, Brazil. RP Shock, CC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Malheur Expt Stn, 595 Onion Ave, Ontario, OR 97914 USA. EM clinton.shock@oregonstate.edu FU US Forest Service through the Great Basin Native Plant Project; Oregon State University; Malheur County extension service district; Hatch funds FX The authors are thankful for support of several grants from the BLM and US Forest Service through the Great Basin Native Plant Project and support of Oregon State University, the Malheur County extension service district, and Hatch funds. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 BP 74 EP 82 PG 9 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA CD9NM UT WOS:000351425000010 ER PT J AU Walters, C AF Walters, Christina TI Genebanking Seeds from Natural Populations SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata; conventional storage; longevity; orthodox seed storage; temperature; wild seed storage ID DEVELOPMENTAL HEAT SUM; DESICCATION SENSITIVITY; RECALCITRANT SEEDS; LONGEVITY; STORAGE; PHYSIOLOGY; MATURITY; TRAITS; BANKS; L. AB Conventional storage protocols have been developed to preserve genetic diversity of seeds of crops in genebanks. These same principles have been applied to preserve seeds from wild populations. While most principles for conventional storage protocols are applicable to a broad range of wild species. seeds from wild populations are not amenable to some practices that assume high uniformity within the seed lot. Small sample sizes and high heterogeneity of seeds from wild populations demand greater a priori knowledge of characteristic longevity as well as new tools to monitor viability without germinating seeds. Some of the challenges handling seeds from undomesticated plants are exemplified from an experiment with sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) seeds. Sagebrush seeds deteriorate very quickly at high humidity and moderately fast at room temperature. Rapid drying of seeds and immediate placement in the freezer might boost longevity. As with seeds from most wild species. there is insufficient knowledge of sagebrush seed storage traits to guide viability monitoring in the genebank. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Walters, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Christina.walters@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 18 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 BP 98 EP 105 PG 8 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA CD9NM UT WOS:000351425000013 ER PT J AU Kilkenny, FF AF Kilkenny, Francis F. TI Genecological Approaches to Predicting the Effects of Climate Change on Plant Populations SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE assisted migration; common garden studies; natural selection; restoration; seed transfer guidelines ID SEED TRANSFER; GENETIC-VARIATION; TREE POPULATIONS; UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; ASSISTED COLONIZATION; TRANSFER GUIDELINES; RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; CONCEPTUAL ISSUES; LOCAL ADAPTATION AB Climate change threatens native plant populations and plant communities globally. It is critical that land managers have a clear understanding of climate change impacts on plant species and populations so that restoration efforts can be adjusted accordingly. This paper reviews the development and use of seed transfer guidelines for restoration in the face of global climate change, with an emphasis on the role of common garden studies in predicting climate change impacts. A method is presented for using genecological common garden data to assess population vulnerability to changing environmental conditions that includes delineation of geographical regions where habitats are likely to become marginal, assessment of shifting climatic selection pressures on plant traits, and identification of source material that is likely to be adapted to changing conditions. This method is illustrated using a genecological dataset for bluebunch wheategrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata). The demonstration indicates that bluebunch populations will be vulnerable to extirpation in areas of their current range, that selection pressures will increase on a trait important to climatic adaptation, and that promising seed sources exist that may be able to persist under novel conditions. Additional avenues for expansion of the presented methods are discussed, and the use of common garden data for management in the context of evolution and changing climates is considered. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Kilkenny, FF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM ffkilkenny@fs.fed.us NR 88 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 21 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 BP 152 EP 164 PG 13 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA CD9NM UT WOS:000351425000017 ER PT J AU Schmitz, OJ Lawler, JJ Beier, P Groves, C Knight, G Boyce, DA Bulluck, J Johnston, KM Klein, ML Muller, K Pierce, DJ Singleton, WR Strittholt, JR Theobald, DM Trombulak, SC Trainor, A AF Schmitz, Oswald J. Lawler, Joshua J. Beier, Paul Groves, Craig Knight, Gary Boyce, Douglas A., Jr. Bulluck, Jason Johnston, Kevin M. Klein, Mary L. Muller, Kit Pierce, D. John Singleton, William R. Strittholt, James R. Theobald, David M. Trombulak, Stephen C. Trainor, Anne TI Conserving Biodiversity: Practical Guidance about Climate Change Adaptation Approaches in Support of Land-use Planning SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; climate adaptation; conservation planning; land use planning ID SPECIES RICHNESS; RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; CHANGE EXAMPLES; CONSERVATION; MODEL; LANDSCAPES; STRATEGIES; CORRIDORS; WILDLIFE; FACETS AB As species' geographic ranges and ecosystem functions are altered in response to climate change, there is a need to integrate biodiversity conservation approaches that promote natural adaptation into land use planning. Successful conservation will need to embrace multiple climate adaptation approaches. but to date they have not been conveyed in an integrated way to help support immediate conservation planning and action in the face of inherent spatial uncertainty about future conditions. Instead, these multiple approaches are often conveyed as competing or contradictory alternatives, when in fact, they are complementary. We present a framework that synthesizes six promising spatially explicit adaptation approaches for conserving biodiversity. We provide guidance on implementing these adaptation approaches and include case studies that highlight how biodiversity conservation can be used in planning. We conclude with general guidance on choosing appropriate climate adaptation approaches to amend for conservation planning. C1 [Schmitz, Oswald J.; Trainor, Anne] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Lawler, Joshua J.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Beier, Paul] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Groves, Craig] Nature Conservancy, Conservat Sci Grp, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Knight, Gary] Florida Nat Areas Inventory, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA. [Boyce, Douglas A., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Bulluck, Jason] Virginia Dept Conservat & Recreat, Nat Heritage Program, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. [Johnston, Kevin M.] Environm Syst Res Inst, Redlands, CA 92373 USA. [Klein, Mary L.] NatureServe, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Muller, Kit] US Dept Interior, Bur Land Management, Washington, DC USA. [Pierce, D. John] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Singleton, William R.] Singleton Strategies LLC, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Strittholt, James R.] Conservat Biol Inst, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Theobald, David M.] Natl Pk Serv, Inventory & Monitoring Div, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Trombulak, Stephen C.] Middlebury Coll, Environm Studies Program, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. [Trombulak, Stephen C.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Biol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. RP Schmitz, OJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM oswald.schmitz@yale.edu FU Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Kresge Foundation; Wilburforce Foundation FX We thank the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, the Kresge Foundation, and the Wilburforce Foundation for providing financial support of this work. NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 35 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 BP 190 EP 203 PG 14 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA CD9NM UT WOS:000351425000020 ER PT J AU Baldoni, DB Ortiz-Santana, B Coelho, G Antoniolli, ZI Jacques, RJS AF Baldoni, Daiana Bortoluzzi Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz Coelho, Gilberto Antoniolli, Zaida Ines Seminoti Jacques, Rodrigo Josemar TI Sarcoporia polyspora (Basidiomycota, Polyporales): a rare wood-decay fungus newly recorded from South America SO NOVA HEDWIGIA LA English DT Article DE macrofungus; Pinus spp.; wood; soil humus; brown rot; polypores ID NORTH-AMERICA; PHYLOGENY AB Brown-rot fungi degrade almost exclusively wood cellulosic materials participating in the carbon cycle and soil formation of many forest regions, these are especially important on boreal and cultivated coniferous forests. These fungi and forests may have a common co-evolutionary history. Studying wood-inhabiting fungi in cultivated pine forests in Southern Brazil, we have analyzed morphologically and molecularly specimens of Sarcoporia polyspora, which has shown to be a rare and aggressive decomposer previously unreported from South America. Nuclear ribosomal ITS region sequences from North and South American specimens were compared. C1 [Baldoni, Daiana Bortoluzzi; Antoniolli, Zaida Ines; Seminoti Jacques, Rodrigo Josemar] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Solos, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI USA. [Coelho, Gilberto] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Fundamentos Educ, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. RP Baldoni, DB (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Solos, Ave Roraima 1000 Campus Bairro Camobi, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. EM daianabio@hotmail.com FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - Brazil); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES - Brazil); FAPERGS FX The authors wish to acknowledge the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - Brazil) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES - Brazil) and FAPERGS for their financial support. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEBRUDER BORNTRAEGER PI STUTTGART PA JOHANNESSTR 3A, D-70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0029-5035 J9 NOVA HEDWIGIA JI Nova Hedwigia PY 2015 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 177 EP 187 DI 10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2014/0218 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CD7EA UT WOS:000351252400005 ER PT J AU McKamey, SH Wallace, MS AF McKamey, Stuart H. Wallace, Matthew S. TI THE IDENTITY OF THREE SOUTH AMERICAN "TELAMONINE" TREEHOPPERS (HEMIPTERA: MEMBRACIDAE) AND RELATED TAXONOMIC CHANGES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE New combination; new status; Smiliinae; Telamonini; Hoplophorionini AB Four treehopper species described as members of the tribe Telamonini from South America are here assigned as follows: the Colombian species Alchisme ruficarinata (Fowler), n. comb., with n. syn. A. insolita Creao-Duarte & Sakakibara (Membracidae: Membracinae: Hoplpophorionini); Telamona celsa Goding, apparently mislabeled, is placed as a reinstated syn. under T. monticola (Fabricius). The current placement of Heliria praealta Fowler and Telamona turritella Buckton as its junior synonym is confirmed; both were described from specimens originating from Quebec, not Brazil. C1 [McKamey, Stuart H.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wallace, Matthew S.] East Stroudsburg Univ Penn, Dept Biol Sci, Stroudsburg, PA 18301 USA. RP McKamey, SH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, 10th St & Constitut Ave,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM stuart.mckamey@ars.usda.gov; mwallace@esu.edu NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 BP 22 EP 26 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.1.22 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE1DJ UT WOS:000351552000004 ER PT J AU Stys, P Henry, TJ AF Stys, Pavel Henry, Thomas J. TI A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF COLOBATHRISTIDAE (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA) FROM PERU, A REPLACEMENT NAME FOR THE PREOCCUPIED GENUS LABRADORIA KORMILEV, AND A KEY TO THE NEOTROPICAL GENERA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Lygaeoidea; new genus and species; new name; revised key AB The new colobathristid genus Neolabradoria and new species N. inexpectata are described based on a specimen from Pachitea Province, Peru, and the new name Bradaloria is proposed for the preoccupied genus Labradoria Kormilev, 1951. A revised key to the 14 Neotropical colobathristid genera is provided. C1 [Stys, Pavel] Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Henry, Thomas J.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Stys, P (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, Vincna 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. EM pavelstys@gmail.com; thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.1.27 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE1DJ UT WOS:000351552000005 ER PT J AU Wheeler, AG Henry, TJ AF Wheeler, A. G., Jr. Henry, Thomas J. TI FIRST NORTH AMERICAN RECORD OF THE PALEARCTIC MICROPLAX ALBOFASCIATA (COSTA) (HEMIPTERA: LYGAEOIDEA: OXYCARENIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Heteroptera; nonindigenous species; new records; California; Mediterranean; invasion pathways ID METOPOPLAX-DITOMOIDES COSTA; UNITED-STATES; HETEROPTERA; INTERCEPTIONS; INVASIONS AB Microplax albofasciata (Costa), a Palearctic (mainly Mediterranean) species of the small family Oxycarenidae, is reported from California as the first record for the New World. Adults of this little-known lygaeoid bug were found in 2012 and 2013 at the Hastings Natural History Reservation in northern Monterey County. It is suggested that this immigrant heteropteran arrived from the Mediterranean Basin in shipments of ceramic tiles (or quarry products) and that California's similar Mediterranean climate aided its establishment. A diagnosis, description, and illustrations are provided to facilitate the recognition of M. albofasciata in the Nearctic Region. C1 [Wheeler, A. G., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Henry, Thomas J.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wheeler, AG (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM awhlr@clemson.edu; thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.1.55 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE1DJ UT WOS:000351552000008 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ AF Henry, Thomas J. TI Revision of the Ceratocapsine Renodaeus group: Marinonicoris, Pilophoropsis, Renodaeus, and Zanchisme, with descriptions of four new genera (Heteroptera, Miridae, Orthotylinae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Hemiptera; Heteroptera; Orthotylinae; Ceratocapsini; Renodaeus complex; new genera; new species; keys ID INSECT ORDER HETEROPTERA; UNITED-STATES HEMIPTERA; JANUARY 1985; PLANT BUGS; DEPOSITORIES; RECORDS AB The Renodaeus group, a monophyletic assemblage of genera within the New World orthotyline tribe Ceratocapsini, comprising eight genera, including four new ones, is defined; and 48 species are treated, including 26 described as new and 12 transferred from Ceratocapsus Reuter as new combinations. Ceratocapsidea gen. n. is described to accommodate the new species C. bahamaensis sp. n., from the Bahamas; C. baranowskii sp. n., from Jamaica; C. dominicanensis sp. n., from the Dominican Republic; C. rileyi sp. n., from Texas; C. taeniola sp. n., from Jamaica; C. texensis sp. n., from Texas; C. transversa sp. n., from Mexico (Neuvo Leon); and C. variabilis sp. n., from Jamaica; and Ceratocapsus balli Knight, comb. n., C. complicatus Knight, comb. n., C. consimilis Reuter, comb. n., C. fusiformis Van Duzee, comb. n. (as the type species of the genus), C. nigropiceus Reuter, comb. n., and C. rufistigmus Blatchley, comb. n. [and a neotype designated], Ceratocapsus clavicornis Knight, syn. n. and C. divaricatus Knight, syn. n. are treated as junior synonyms of Ceratocapsus fusiformis Van Duzee. The genus Marininocoris Carvalho and the only included species M. myrmecoides Carvalho are redescribed. The genus Pilophoropsis Poppius is redescribed and revised, Renodaeus texanus Knight, comb. n. is transferred into it and the three new species P. bejeanae sp. n., from Sonora, Mexico; P. cunealis sp. n., from Oaxaca, Mexico; P. quercicola sp. n., from Arizona, USA, are described. Pilophoropsidea gen. n. is described to accommodate the 12 new species P. brailovskyi sp. n., from Federal District, Mexico; P. cuneata sp. n., from Chiapas, Mexico; P. dimidiata sp. n., from Durango, Mexico; P. fuscata sp. n., from Durango, Mexico and Arizona and New Mexico, USA;P. keltoni sp. n., from Durango, Mexico; P. maxima sp. n., from Durango, Mexico; P. pueblaensis sp. n., from Puebla, Mexico; P. schaffneri sp. n., from Neuvo Leon and San Luis Potosi, Mexico; P. serrata sp. n., from Michoacan, Mexico; P. touchetae sp. n., from Mexico (Puebla); P. truncata sp. n., from Mexico (Guerrero); P. tuberculata sp. n., from Mexico (Guerrero); and Ceratocapsus barberi Knight, comb. n., Ceratocapsus camelus Knight, comb. n. (as the type species of the genus), and Ceratocapsus fascipennis Knight, comb. n. Pilophoropsita gen. n. is described to accommodate P. schaffneri sp. n. from Costa Rica and Mexico (Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca). The genus Renodaeus Distant is redescribed and the new species R. mimeticus sp. n. from Ecuador is described. The genus Zanchisme Kirkaldy is reviewed and the four known species are redescribed. Zanchismeopsidea gen. n. is described to accommodate Z. diegoi sp. n. from Argentina (Santiago del Estero). Provided are habitus illustrations for certain adults (Pilophoropsidea camelus, Pilophoropsis brachyptera Poppius, Renodaeus mimeticus, and Zanchisme mexicanus Carvalho & Schaffner), male and female (when available) color digital images and figures of male genitalia of all species, electron photomicrographs of diagnostic characters for selected species, and keys to the genera and their included species. The taxa treated in this paper are arranged alphabetically by genus and species. C1 ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Plant Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Plant Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov FU NSF [DEB-0316495] FX I am grateful to the following people for lending specimens or for furnishing information used in the study: Norman Penny, Keve Ribardo, and the late Paul Arnaud (CAS); Harry Brailovsky (UNAM); Diego Carpintero (MACN); Steve Chordas (Ohio State University, Columbus); L. A. A. Costa (MNHN); Susan Halbert (FSCA); the late Wilford J. Hansen (USU); Alan Hardy and Rosser Garrison (CDFA); E. Richard Hoebeke (CU); Larry Hulden and the late Antti Jansson (ZMUH); Robert G. Foottit, Michael D. Schwartz, and the late Leonard A. Kelton (CNC); the late J. T. Polhemus (JTP); Arwin Provonsha (PU); Joseph C. Schaffner (TAMU); Randall T. Schuh (AMNH); Bert Viklund and Gunvi Lindberg (SMNH); and Mick Webb (BNHM), and Gary M. Stonedahl (previously at BNHM). I am indebted to Alfred G. Wheeler, Jr. (Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina) for donating to the USNM many host-associated specimens he has collected from across the United States and Richard M. Baranowski (University of Florida, Homestead, retired) for considerable material from the West Indies, especially from Jamaica. I express sincere gratitude to Harry Brailovsky (UNAM), Diego Carpintero (MACN), Pablo Dellape (Museu de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina), Noel McFarland (Sierra Vista, Arizona) and Joseph Schaffner (TAMU) for local hospitality while conducting fieldwork. I am also grateful to David R. Smith (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, USDA [SEL], c/o USNM) for kindly identifying the ants associated with Pilophoropsidea camelus; Linda Lawrence (SEL) for illustrating the adult of P. camelus, and Kathleen Schmidt for the adults of Ceratocapsidea balli, C. fusiformis, Pilophoropsis brachyptera, and Zanchisme mexicanus; Michele Touchet (SEL) for the 95 photos and 12 color plates; Karolyn Darrow (Washington, D.C. [48 species]) and Marie Metz (SEL [10 species]) for digitally rendering the genitalic drawings; and Scott Whitaker (Smithsonian SEM Laboratory, Washington, D.C.) for coating specimens and expert SEM support during my capture of the photomicrographs. Randall T. Schuh (AMNH), Michael D. Schwartz (CNC) A. G. Wheeler, Jr. (Clemson University) kindly reviewed the manuscript and offered numerous suggestions for its improvement. This paper was initiated as a contribution to the NSF Planetary Biodiversity Inventory (PBI) award DEB-0316495 (2004-2008) to R. T. Schuh and Gerasimos Cassis, principal investigators (http://research.amnh.org/pbi/). The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 490 SI SI BP 1 EP 156 DI 10.3897/zookeys.490.8880 PG 156 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CE3QQ UT WOS:000351743700001 PM 25878535 ER PT J AU DeBoer, SP Garner, JP McCain, RR Lay Jr, DC Eicher, SD Marchant-Forde, JN AF DeBoer, S. P. Garner, J. P. McCain, R. R. Lay, D. C., Jr. Eicher, S. D. Marchant-Forde, J. N. TI An initial investigation into the effects of isolation and enrichment on the welfare of laboratory pigs housed in the PigTurn (R) system, assessed using tear staining, behaviour, physiology and haematology SO ANIMAL WELFARE LA English DT Article DE animal welfare; cortisol; enrichment; isolation; pigs; tear staining ID ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; SOCIAL-ISOLATION; ENDOTOXIN CHALLENGE; STRESS RESPONSES; HARDERIAN-GLAND; RATS; CORTICOSTERONE; VARIABLES; PIGLETS; HEALTH AB In some parts of the world, the laboratory pig (Sus scrofa) is often housed in individual, sterile housing which may impose stress. Our objectives were to determine the effects of isolation and enrichment on pigs housed within the PigTurn (R) - a novel penning system with automated blood sampling and to investigate tear staining as a novel welfare indicator. Twenty Yorkshire x Landrace weaner pigs were randomly assigned to one of four treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial combination of enrichment (non-enriched [NE] or enriched [E]) and isolation (visually isolated [I] or able to see another pig [NI]). Pigs were catheterised and placed into the PigTurns (R) 48 h post recovery. Blood was collected automatically twice daily to determine white blood cell (WBC) differential counts and assayed for cortisol. Photographs of the eyes were taken daily and tear staining was quantified using a 0-5 scoring scale and Image-J software to measure stain area and perimeter. Behaviour was video recorded and scan sampled to determine time budgets. Data were analysed as an REML using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Enrichment tended to increase proportion of time standing and lying laterally and decrease plasma cortisol, tear-stain area and perimeter. There was a significant isolation by enrichment interaction. Enrichment given to pigs housed in isolation had no effect on plasma cortisol, but greatly reduced it in non-isolated pigs. Tear-staining area and perimeter were highest in the NE-I treatment compared to the other three treatments. Eosinophil count was highest in the E-NI treatment and lowest in the NE-I treatment. The results suggest that in the absence of enrichment, being able to see another animal but not interact may be frustrating. The combination of no enrichment and isolation maximally impacted tear staining and eosinophil numbers. However, appropriate enrichment coupled with proximity of another pig would appear to improve welfare. C1 [DeBoer, S. P.; Garner, J. P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [DeBoer, S. P.; Lay, D. C., Jr.; Eicher, S. D.; Marchant-Forde, J. N.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McCain, R. R.] Purdue Translat Pharmacol CTSI Core Fac, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Garner, J. P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Comparat Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Marchant-Forde, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Jeremy.marchant-forde@ars.usda.gov RI Garner, Joseph/C-8422-2009 FU National Center for Research Resources of the NIH [R44RR022489] FX This work was supported by Grant Number R44RR022489 from the National Center for Research Resources of the NIH. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources or the National Institutes of Health. We thank Mark Einstein for his statistical help. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 54 PU UNIV FEDERATION ANIMAL WELFARE PI WHEATHAMPSTEAD PA OLD SCHOOL, BREWHOUSE HILL, WHEATHAMPSTEAD AL4 8AN, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 0962-7286 J9 ANIM WELFARE JI Anim. Welf. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 1 BP 15 EP 27 DI 10.7120/096277286.24.1.015 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA CC7KG UT WOS:000350545600002 ER PT J AU Rogosic, J Saric, T Zupan, I Welch, K AF Rogosic, Jozo Saric, Tomislav Zupan, Ivan Welch, Kevin TI EFFECT OF ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L. AND MATRICARIA CHAMOMILLA L. ON CONSUMPTION OF JUNIPERUS OXYCEDRUS L. AND J. PHOENICEA L. BY GOATS SO ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chamomile; medical plants; small ruminants; sustainable livestock production; yarrow ID REDBERRY JUNIPER; SHEEP; PREFERENCE; OIL; ENVIRONMENTS; SHRUBS; LAMBS; RUMEN; DEER AB Reduction in herbage production and plant diversity on rangelands on the coastal part of Croatia, due to invasion of terpene-rich shrubs has been recorded during the recent period. Therefore, there is a strong need to understand ecological relationships between plant and animal components of these shrubby ecosystems. Through four consecutive experiments, we investigated the potential of two well-known medicinal herbs, Achillea millefolium L. (yarrow) and Matricaria chamomilla L. (chamomile), as a feed supplement to increase intake of two terpenoid shrubs, Juniperus oxycedrus and J. phoenicea, by goats. Preliminary research indicated that both yarrow and chamomile had a positive influence on the intake of J. phoenicea by goats, but not on the consumption of J. oxycedrus. Our model could be implemented in the field as an approach to reduce the abundance of J. phoenicea in the environment and to improve the quality of herbage (grasses and forbs) on Mediterranean pastures. C1 [Rogosic, Jozo; Saric, Tomislav; Zupan, Ivan] Univ Zadar, Dept Ecol Agron & Aquaculture, Zadar 23000, Croatia. [Welch, Kevin] USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Zupan, I (reprint author), Univ Zadar, Dept Ecol Agron & Aquaculture, Trg Kneza Viseslava 9, Zadar 23000, Croatia. EM zupan@unizd.hr FU Ministry of Science, Education and Sport, Republic of Croatia [269-0000000-3597] FX This research has been conducted as a part of the project 269-0000000-3597 "Potential mechanisms for better use of forage potential of the Mediterranean maquis" funded by Ministry of Science, Education and Sport, Republic of Croatia. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU DE GRUYTER OPEN LTD PI WARSAW PA SOLIPSKA 14A-1, 02-482 WARSAW, POLAND SN 2300-8733 J9 ANN ANIM SCI JI Ann. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 15 IS 1 BP 119 EP 127 DI 10.2478/aoas-2014-0060 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CC8TV UT WOS:000350642100009 ER PT J AU Bianchini, A Horsley, R Jack, MM Kobielush, B Ryu, D Tittlemier, S Wilson, WW Abbas, HK Abel, S Harrison, G Miller, JD Shier, WT Weaver, G AF Bianchini, Andreia Horsley, Richard Jack, Maia M. Kobielush, Brent Ryu, Dojin Tittlemier, Sheryl Wilson, William W. Abbas, Hamed K. Abel, Susan Harrison, Gordon Miller, J. David Shier, W. Thomas Weaver, Glen TI DON Occurrence in Grains: A North American Perspective SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; RED WINTER-WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT; DEOXYNIVALENOL VOMITOXIN; NATURAL OCCURRENCE; DURUM-WHEAT; MYCOTOXIN OCCURRENCE; CONTAMINATED WHEAT; MILLED FRACTIONS; CANADIAN WHEATS AB In agricultural commodities, the occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) has been reported all over the world, with levels varying among grain types and years of production. The grain supply chain, including growers, buyers, and end users, have effectively managed DON with strategies to control this issue systematically. The safety of consumers is ensured through use of these management strategies. This is observed in this review of the North American systems. This article describes the occurrence and management of DON in North America, which is accomplished by 1) a review of the toxicological effects of DON; 2) a review of publically available data and introduction of new information regarding the occurrence of DON in wheat, maize, and barley in North America, including variability due to growing regions, grain varieties, and year of production; 3) an overview of industry practices to reduce DON contamination from field through milling when necessary; 4) a review of how all in the value chain, including growers, buyers, and end users, have effectively managed DON for more than 20 years; 5) a description of current maximum limits associated with DON; and 6) the economic impact of any potential changes in international regulations. This article focuses on wheat, maize, and barley grown in Canada and the USA, as these two countries are the major exporters of these grains in North America (1). C1 [Bianchini, Andreia] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Food Proc Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Horsley, Richard] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND USA. [Jack, Maia M.] CPGglobal LLC, New York, NY USA. [Kobielush, Brent] Gen Mills, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Ryu, Dojin] Univ Idaho, Washington State Univ, Bistate Sch Food Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Tittlemier, Sheryl] Canadian Grain Commiss, Grain Res Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Wilson, William W.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agribusiness & Appl Econ, Fargo, ND USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] ARS, USDA, NBCL, Stoneville, MS USA. [Abel, Susan] Food & Consumer Prod Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Harrison, Gordon] Canadian Natl Millers Assoc, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Miller, J. David] Carleton Univ, Dept Chem, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Shier, W. Thomas] Univ Minnesota, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Weaver, Glen] Ardent Mills, Omaha, NE USA. RP Bianchini, A (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Food Proc Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. OI Maier, Dirk E/0000-0003-2583-0011 NR 182 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 25 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 60 IS 1 BP 32 EP 56 DI 10.1094/CFW-60-1-0032 PG 25 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CC9SL UT WOS:000350711400006 ER PT J AU Pammi, M Abrams, SA AF Pammi, Mohan Abrams, Steven A. TI Oral lactoferrin for the prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants SO COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Administration, Oral; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing [prevention & control]; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases [prevention & control]; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; Lactoferrin [administration & dosage]; Sepsis [prevention & control]; Humans; Infant, Newborn ID NEONATAL RESEARCH NETWORK; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; LATE-ONSET SEPSIS; BOVINE LACTOFERRIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VIRUS VIREMIA; DOUBLE-BLIND; INFECTIONS AB Background Lactoferrin, a normal component of human colostrum and milk, can enhance host defense and may be effective in the prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm neonates. Objectives Primary objective To assess the safety and effectiveness of oral lactoferrin in the prevention of sepsis and NEC in preterm neonates. Secondary objectives 1. To determine the effects of oral lactoferrin used to prevent neonatal sepsis and/or NEC on duration of positive-pressure ventilation, development of chronic lung disease (CLD) or periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), length of hospital stay to discharge among survivors, and adverse neurological outcomes at two years of age or later. 2. To determine the adverse effects of oral lactoferrin in the prophylaxis of neonatal sepsis and/or NEC. When data were available, we analyzed the following subgroups. 1. Gestational age < 32 weeks and 32 to 36 weeks. 2. Birth weight < 1000 g (extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants) and birth weight < 1500 g (very low birth weight (VLBW) infants). 3. Type of feeding: breast milk versus formula milk. Search methods We used the search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group (CNRG) and updated our search in July 2014. We searched the databases Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PREMEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), as well as trials registries and conference proceedings. Selection criteria Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating oral lactoferrin at any dose or duration to prevent sepsis or NEC in preterm neonates. Data collection and analysis Review authors used standard methods of the CNRG. Main results Four RCTs are included in this review. Oral lactoferrin supplementation decreased late-onset sepsis (typical risk ratio (RR) 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32 to 0.73; typical risk difference (RD) -0.09, 95% CI -0.14 to -0.04; number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) 11, 95% CI 7 to 25; four trials, 678 participants, moderate-quality evidence), NEC stage II or greater (typical RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.76; typical RD -0.05, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.01; NNTB 20, 95% CI 12.5 to 100; two studies, 505 participants, low-quality evidence), and " all-cause mortality" (typical RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.75; typical RD -0.05, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.01; NNTB 20, 95% CI 12.5 to 100; two studies, 505 participants, low-quality evidence). Oral lactoferrin supplementation with a probiotic decreased late-onset sepsis (RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.60; RD -0.13, 95% CI -0.19 to -0.06; NNTB 8, 95% CI 5 to 17; one study, 321 participants, low-quality evidence) and NEC stage II or greater (RR 0.04, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.62; RD -0.05, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.03; NNTB 20, 95% CI 12.5 to 33.3; one study, 496 participants, low-quality evidence), but not "all-cause mortality." Oral lactoferrin with or without probiotics decreased fungal sepsis but not chronic lung disease or length of hospital stay (from one study, low-quality evidence). No adverse effects were reported. Long-term neurological outcomes or periventricular leukomalacia was not evaluated. Authors' conclusions Evidence of moderate to low quality suggests that oral lactoferrin prophylaxis with or without probiotics decreases late-onset sepsis and NEC stage II or greater in preterm infants without adverse effects. Completion of ongoing trials will provide evidence from more than 6000 preterm neonates and may enhance the quality of the evidence. Clarifications regarding optimum dosing regimens, type of lactoferrin (human or bovine), and long-term outcomes are still needed. C1 [Pammi, Mohan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Univ, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Neonatol,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Univ, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Pammi, M (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Neonatol, 6621 Fannin,MC WT 6-104, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mohanv@bcm.tmc.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, USA [HHSN275201100016C] FX External sources; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, USA.; Editorial support of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group has been funded with federal funds from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, USA, under Contract No. HHSN275201100016C NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-493X EI 1361-6137 J9 COCHRANE DB SYST REV JI Cochrane Database Syst Rev. PY 2015 IS 2 AR CD007137 DI 10.1002/14651858.CD007137.pub4 PG 53 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CC6PB UT WOS:000350486800023 PM 25699678 ER PT J AU Hedrick, A Marshall, HP Winstral, A Elder, K Yueh, S Cline, D AF Hedrick, A. Marshall, H. -P. Winstral, A. Elder, K. Yueh, S. Cline, D. TI Independent evaluation of the SNODAS snow depth product using regional-scale lidar-derived measurements SO CRYOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID WATER EQUIVALENT; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; AIRBORNE LIDAR; UPPER TREELINE; ARCTIC ALASKA; MODEL; COVER; WIND; USA; REDISTRIBUTION AB Repeated light detection and ranging (lidar) surveys are quickly becoming the de facto method for measuring spatial variability of montane snowpacks at high resolution. This study examines the potential of a 750 km(2) lidar-derived data set of snow depths, collected during the 2007 northern Colorado Cold Lands Processes Experiment (CLPX-2), as a validation source for an operational hydrologic snow model. The SNOw Data Assimilation System (SNODAS) model framework, operated by the US National Weather Service, combines a physically based energy-and-mass-balance snow model with satellite, airborne and automated ground-based observations to provide daily estimates of snowpack properties at nominally 1 km resolution over the conterminous United States. Independent validation data are scarce due to the assimilating nature of SNODAS, compelling the need for an independent validation data set with substantial geographic coverage. Within 12 distinctive 500 x 500m study areas located throughout the survey swath, ground crews performed approximately 600 manual snow depth measurements during each of the CLPX-2 lidar acquisitions. This supplied a data set for constraining the uncertainty of upscaled lidar estimates of snow depth at the 1 km SNODAS resolution, resulting in a root-mean-square difference of 13 cm. Upscaled lidar snow depths were then compared to the SNODAS estimates over the entire study area for the dates of the lidar flights. The remotely sensed snow depths provided a more spatially continuous comparison data set and agreed more closely to the model estimates than that of the in situ measurements alone. Finally, the results revealed three distinct areas where the differences between lidar observations and SNODAS estimates were most drastic, providing insight into the causal influences of natural processes on model uncertainty. C1 [Hedrick, A.; Marshall, H. -P.] Boise State Univ, Ctr Geophys Invest Shallow Subsurface, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Hedrick, A.; Winstral, A.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Elder, K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Yueh, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Cline, D.] NWS, NOAA, Hydrol Lab, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hedrick, A (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Ctr Geophys Invest Shallow Subsurface, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM hedrick.ars@gmail.com OI Hedrick, Andrew/0000-0001-9511-1341 FU NASA [NNX10AO02G, NNX10AN30A]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5362-13610-008-00D] FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to all the researchers involved in the intensive ground-based measurement campaign during CLPX-2. The CLPX-2 lidar data sets were archived and maintained by Fugro Horizons, Inc. Daily SNODAS model runs from 2003 to the present day are archived at the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, Colorado. This research was funded in part by NASA grant #NNX10AO02G (NASA New Investigator Program), NASA grant #NNX10AN30A (NASA EPSCoR Program), and the USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5362-13610-008-00D: "Understanding Snow and Hydrologic Processes in Mountainous Terrain with a Changing Climate". NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 16 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1994-0416 EI 1994-0424 J9 CRYOSPHERE JI Cryosphere PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.5194/tc-9-13-2015 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CC7NR UT WOS:000350555400002 ER PT J AU Birch, DS Morgan, P Kolden, CA Abatzoglou, JT Dillon, GK Hudak, AT Smith, AMS AF Birch, Donovan S. Morgan, Penelope Kolden, Crystal A. Abatzoglou, John T. Dillon, Gregory K. Hudak, Andrew T. Smith, Alistair M. S. TI Vegetation, topography and daily weather influenced burn severity in central Idaho and western Montana forests SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE area burned; burn severity; dNBR; infrared perimeter mapping; northern US Rockies; Random Forest; wildland fire ID CHARACTERISTIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; FIRE SEVERITY; SIERRA-NEVADA; SOUTHERN CASCADES; NORTHERN ROCKIES; WILDLAND FIRE; UNITED-STATES; CROWN FIRE; CLIMATE; WILDFIRE AB Burn severity as inferred from satellite-derived differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) is useful for evaluating fire impacts on ecosystems but the environmental controls on burn severity across large forest fires are both poorly understood and likely to be different than those influencing fire extent. We related dNBR to environmental variables including vegetation, topography, fire danger indices, and daily weather for daily areas burned on 42 large forest fires in central Idaho and western Montana. The 353 fire days we analyzed burned 111,200 ha as part of large fires in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2011. We expected that local "bottom-up'' variables like topography and vegetation would influence burn severity, but that our use of daily dNBR and weather data would uncover stronger relationships between the two than previous studies have shown. We found that percent existing vegetation cover had the largest influence on burn severity, while weather variables like fine fuel moisture, relative humidity, and wind speed were also influential but somewhat less important. Our results could reflect contrasting scales of predictor variables, as many topography and vegetation variables (30-m spatial resolution) accounted for more of the variability in burn severity (also 30-m spatial resolution) than did fire danger indices and many daily weather variables (4-km spatial resolution). However, we posit that, in contrast to the strong influence of climate and weather on fire extent, "bottom-up'' factors such as topography and vegetation have the most influence on burn severity. While climate and weather certainly interact with the landscape to affect burn severity, pre-fire vegetation conditions due to prior disturbance and management strongly affect vegetation response even when large areas burn quickly. C1 [Birch, Donovan S.; Morgan, Penelope; Smith, Alistair M. S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kolden, Crystal A.; Abatzoglou, John T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Dillon, Gregory K.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Birch, DS (reprint author), Bur Land Management, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM pmorgan@uidaho.edu RI Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014; OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958; Abatzoglou, John/0000-0001-7599-9750 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) award [NNX11AO24G]; University of Idaho FX This research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) award NNX11AO24G, and by the University of Idaho. We thank the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity project and National Infrared Operations (NIROPS, www.nirops.fs.fed.us) personnel for data and technical assistance. Birch completed analysis and writing, with contributions from all other authors. NR 100 TC 11 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 19 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JAN PY 2015 VL 6 IS 1 AR 17 DI 10.1890/ES14-00213.1 PG 23 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC5YG UT WOS:000350440400017 ER PT J AU Steel, ZL Safford, HD Viers, JH AF Steel, Zachary L. Safford, Hugh D. Viers, Joshua H. TI The fire frequency-severity relationship and the legacy of fire suppression in California forests SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE California; USA; fire frequency; fire regime; fire return interval; fire severity; Sierra Nevada; wildfire ID MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; SOUTHERN CASCADES; BURN SEVERITY; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; FUEL-REDUCTION; WILDLAND FIRES; UNITED-STATES; DRY FORESTS AB Fire is one of the most important natural disturbance processes in the western United States and ecosystems differ markedly with respect to their ecological and evolutionary relationships with fire. Reference fire regimes in forested ecosystems can be categorized along a gradient ranging from "fuel-limited" to "climate-limited" where the former types are often characterized by frequent, lower-severity wildfires and the latter by infrequent, more severe wildfires. Using spatial data on fire severity from 19842011 and metrics related to fire frequency, we tested how divergence from historic (pre-Euroamerican settlement) fire frequencies due to a century of fire suppression influences rates of high-severity fire in five forest types in California. With some variation among bioregions, our results suggest that fires in forest types characterized by fuel-limited fire regimes (e.g., yellow pine and mixed conifer forest) tend to burn with greater proportions of high-severity fire as either time since last fire or the mean modern fire return interval (FRI) increases. Two intermediate fire regime types (mixed evergreen and bigcone Douglas-fir) showed a similar relationship between fire frequency and fire severity. However, red fir and redwood forests, which are characterized by more climate-limited fire regimes, did not show significant positive relationships between FRI and fire severity. This analysis provides strong evidence that for fuel-limited fire regimes, lack of fire leads to increasing rates of high-severity burning. Our study also substantiates the general validity of "fuel-limited" vs. "climate-limited" explanations of differing patterns of fire effects and response in forest types of the western US. C1 [Steel, Zachary L.; Safford, Hugh D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Viers, Joshua H.] Univ Calif, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. RP Steel, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM hughsafford@fs.fed.us NR 80 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 19 U2 77 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JAN PY 2015 VL 6 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.1890/ES14-00224.1 PG 23 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC5YG UT WOS:000350440400008 ER PT J AU Xie, SX Qin, X Cheng, YB Laskar, D Qiao, WC Sun, S Reyes, LH Wang, X Dai, SY Sattler, SE Kao, K Yang, B Zhang, XY Yuan, JS AF Xie, Shangxian Qin, Xing Cheng, Yanbing Laskar, Dhrubojyoti Qiao, Weichuan Sun, Su Reyes, Luis H. Wang, Xin Dai, Susie Y. Sattler, Scott E. Kao, Katy Yang, Bin Zhang, Xiaoyu Yuan, Joshua S. TI Simultaneous conversion of all cell wall components by an oleaginous fungus without chemi-physical pretreatment SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BROWN-MIDRIB MUTANTS; BICOLOR L. MOENCH; WOOD DECAY; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; ENZYMATIC DIGESTIBILITY; LIGNIN MODIFICATION; SECRETOME ANALYSIS; POSTIA-PLACENTA; SORGHUM; BIOMASS AB Lignin utilization during biomass conversion has been a major challenge for lignocellulosic biofuel. In particular, the conversion of lignin along with carbohydrate for fungible fuels and chemicals will both improve the overall carbon efficiency and reduce the need for chemical pretreatments. However, few biomass-converting microorganisms have the capacity to degrade all cell wall components including lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. We hereby evaluated a unique oleaginous fungus strain, Cunninghamella echinulata FR3, for its capacity to degrade lignin during biomass conversion to lipid, and the potential to carry out consolidated fermentation without chemical pretreatment, especially when combined with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) bmr mutants with reduced lignin content. The study clearly showed that lignin was consumed together with carbohydrate during biomass conversion for all sorghum samples, which indicates that this organism has the potential for biomass conversion without chemical pretreatment. Even though dilute acid pretreatment of biomass resulted in more weight loss during fungal fermentation than untreated biomass, the lipid yields were comparable for untreated bmr6/bmr12 double mutant and dilute acid-pretreated wild-type biomass samples. The mechanisms for lignin degradation in oleaginous fungi were further elucidated through transcriptomics and chemical analysis. The studies showed that in C. echinulata FR3, the Fenton reaction may play an important role in lignin degradation. This discovery is among the first to show that a mechanism for lignin degradation similar to those found in white and brown rot basidiomycetous fungi exists in an oleaginous fungus. This study suggests that oleaginous fungi such as C. echinulata FR3 can be employed for complete biomass utilization in a consolidated platform without chemical pretreatment or can be used to convert lignin waste into lipids. C1 [Xie, Shangxian; Zhang, Xiaoyu; Yuan, Joshua S.] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Xie, Shangxian; Qin, Xing; Cheng, Yanbing; Qiao, Weichuan; Sun, Su; Wang, Xin; Yuan, Joshua S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, Synthet & Syst Biol Innovat Hub, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Laskar, Dhrubojyoti; Yang, Bin] Washington State Univ, Bioprod Sci & Engn Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Reyes, Luis H.; Kao, Katy] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Dai, Susie Y.] Texas AgriLife Res, Off Texas State Chemist, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sattler, Scott E.] USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Xie, SX (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. EM zhangxiaoyu@mail.hust.edu.cn; syuan@tamu.edu RI Wang, Xin/B-6258-2015; Xie, Shangxian/P-7175-2016; OI Reyes, Luis/0000-0001-7251-5298 FU National High-tech Research and Development Program of China [2011AA100904]; U.S. DOE (Department of Energy) EERE (Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy) BETO (Bioenergy Technology Office) [DE-EE0006112]; Texas A&M Agrilife Research's biofuel initiative FX The work in China was supported by a grant from the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China (grant no. 2011AA100904). The work in the United States was supported by the U.S. DOE (Department of Energy) EERE (Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy) BETO (Bioenergy Technology Office) (grant no. DE-EE0006112) to JSY and BY. The research was also supported by Texas A&M Agrilife Research's biofuel initiative to JSY. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 29 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 EI 1463-9270 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2015 VL 17 IS 3 BP 1657 EP 1667 DI 10.1039/c4gc01529k PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD4YC UT WOS:000351091300038 ER PT J AU Harris-Shultz, KR Ni, XZ Anderson, WF Knoll, JE AF Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Ni, Xinzhi Anderson, William F. Knoll, Joseph E. TI Evaluation of Whorl Damage by Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Field- and Greenhouse-Grown Sweet Sorghum Plants SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sorghum bicolor; Spodoptera frugiperda; maize; infestation ID SOUTHWESTERN CORN-BORER; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA; RESISTANCE; MAIZE; LINES; LARVAE AB The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an economically important pest of sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. However, resistance to fall armyworm in sweet sorghum has not been extensively studied. A collection of primarily sweet sorghum accessions were evaluated in the field for natural fall armyworm infestation. Fall armyworm damage ratings ranged from 1.88 +/- 0.35 to 4.75 +/- 0.37, suggesting that a range of response to fall armyworm feeding exists in this collection. Based on the results of field data from two planting dates, accessions with the highest and lowest fall armyworm damage ratings were selected for greenhouse evaluations. At 7 d after infestation, the sorghum accessions, excluding BTx623 and Plant Introduction (PI) 147573, had significantly higher fall armyworm damage than resistant control MP708. Furthermore, at 7 d after the infestation, genotype P1147573 was the most resistant; whereas, genotypes 13, 22, 'GT-1R8', and 'GT-1R6' were the most susceptible to fall armyworm feeding. For the damage ratings at 14 d after the infestation, sorghum Entry 13 had significantly higher fall armyworm damage than GT-1R7 and P117548. At 14 d after infestation, all nine sorghum accessions were as resistant as the MP708 resistant control and had significantly less damage than the susceptible control AB24E. These data suggest that the sorghum lines at 14 d have induced resistance in the growing whorl. C1 [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.; Ni, Xinzhi; Anderson, William F.; Knoll, Joseph E.] USDA ARS, Crop Breeding & Genet Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Harris-Shultz, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Breeding & Genet Res Unit, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Karen.Harris@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 14 EP 27 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CD0PE UT WOS:000350775600003 ER PT J AU Cooper, WR Horton, DR AF Cooper, W. R. Horton, D. R. TI Gender- and Species-Specific Characteristics of Bacteriomes From Three Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) Species (vol 49, pg 190, 2014) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 [Cooper, W. R.; Horton, D. R.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Cooper, WR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM rodney.cooper@ars.usda.gov RI Cooper, William/D-3205-2017 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CD0PE UT WOS:000350775600011 ER PT J AU Pauli, D Brown-Guedira, G Blake, TK AF Pauli, Duke Brown-Guedira, Gina Blake, Thomas K. TI Identification of Malting Quality QTLs in Advanced Generation Breeding Germplasm SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS LA English DT Article DE Barley; Crop genetics; Genome-wide association studies; Malting; QTL ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HORDEUM-VULGARE L; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CONTROLLING FLOWERING TIME; BETA-GLUCAN CONCENTRATION; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; DOUBLED-HAPLOID PROGENY; SPRING BARLEY CULTIVARS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE AB Malting quality has been one of the primary foci in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding programs but has been difficult for breeders to manipulate due to the quantitative nature of the traits involved and the cost of trait measurement. To assist in breeding for malt quality traits, identifying the genomic regions that affect these traits is essential. Two populations were used to conduct genome-wide association studies in order to elucidate the alleles responsible for variation in malting traits. The first population, composed of 367 lines genotyped with 3,072 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, was a representative sample of the entire germplasm of the Montana State University barley breeding program, including feed, food, and malt lines. The second population, with 650 lines genotyped with 384 SNPs, consisted of 11 biparental families whose parents were cultivars and elite experimental lines developed strictly for malting purposes. Lines were phenotyped at the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Cereal Crops Research Unit in Madison, WI. Mixed linear models were applied to the data using a Q+K approach in order to identify single marker trait associations accounting for population structure and relatedness among lines. Fifty-four significant marker trait associations were found. The results of this work give a comprehensive overview of the salient regions of the barley genome affecting malting traits that vary within a modern malting barley breeding program. C1 [Pauli, Duke] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Pauli, Duke] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Blake, Thomas K.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Blake, TK (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM blake@montana.edu FU USDA-CSREES-NRI [2006-55606-16722]; USDA-NIFA [2009-85606-05701, 2011-68002-30029] FX This research was supported by USDA-CSREES-NRI Grant No. 2006-55606-16722 and USDA-NIFA Grant No. 2009-85606-05701, "Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery and Barley Improvement. Funding was also provided by USDA-NIFA Grant No. 2011-68002-30029, "Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project." Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. A most sincere thanks to Chris Martens of the USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit, who was instrumental in phenotyping the malting lines in this study. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 19 PU AMER SOC BREWING CHEMISTS INC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0361-0470 EI 1943-7854 J9 J AM SOC BREW CHEM JI J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. PY 2015 VL 73 IS 1 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.1094/ASBCJ-2015-0129-01 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA CD1KM UT WOS:000350833800003 ER PT J AU Mock, NM Baker, CJ Aver'yanov, AA AF Mock, Norton M. Baker, C. Jacyn Aver'yanov, Andrey A. TI Induction of a viable but not culturable (VBNC) state in some Pseudomonas syringae pathovars upon exposure to oxidation of an apoplastic phenolic, acetosyringone SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Viable-but-not-culturable (VBNC); Oxidation; Plant pathogen; Bacterial cell death; Tobacco; Bioactivity ID BACTERICIDAL ANTIBIOTICS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CELL-SUSPENSIONS; NEUTROPHILS KILL; MARINE-BACTERIA; SURVIVAL; DEATH; RESPONSES; RECOGNITION; METABOLISM AB Acetosyringone is a phenolic metabolite often found in plant apoplasts. Its oxidation by hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase results in a prolonged increase in the redox potential of the reaction mixture, similar to redox increases observed in tobacco suspension cells upon treatment with incompatible bacteria. Since high redox potentials, being oxidative, are generally detrimental to bacteria, the effect of acetosyringone oxidation on bacterial viability was examined. Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae was added to reaction mixtures containing acetosyringone, hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase and samples were removed to determine viability by dilution plating. Initial studies were done with low bacterial concentrations, 10(5) CFU ml(-1), to ensure that scavenging of H2O2 was negligible and did not interfere with the reaction mixture. No colonies were formed by bacteria that had been added to reaction mixtures with acetosyringone ranging from 25 to 100 mu M. Examination of the bacteria by microscopy and flow cytometry, using fluorescent stains that indicate bacterial membrane integrity, suggested that these bacteria had maintained their membrane integrity. In addition they were able to respire based on oxygen uptake. When bacteria were added to on-going reaction mixtures at a time point after the prolonged redox response, the CFU ml(-1) increased indicating that a stable reaction product was not responsible for the non-culturability bioactive effect. Other bacterial isolates, P. s. pv. tabaci and Pseudomonas fluorescens, were less susceptible to the bioactive effect of the acetosyringone oxidation. Other phenolics were tested and had lesser degrees of bioactivity and in some cases reduced the bioactivity of acetosyringone oxidation. The 'viable but non-culturable' (VBNC) state of the bacteria in this study is compared to that described for other medical and plant pathogens. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mock, Norton M.; Baker, C. Jacyn] USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Aver'yanov, Andrey A.] Res Inst Phytopathol, Moscow 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Baker, CJ (reprint author), USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Bldg 004 Rm 119, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jacyn.baker@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2014.11.006 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CD0FS UT WOS:000350746700004 ER PT J AU Price, NPJ Momany, FA Schnupf, U Naumann, TA AF Price, Neil P. J. Momany, Frank A. Schnupf, Udo Naumann, Todd A. TI Structure and disulfide bonding pattern of the hevein-like peptide domains from plant class IV chitinases SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plant class IV chitinases; GH19; Fungalysin; Disulfide bonds; Hevein; Anti-microbial peptides ID HYDROLASE FAMILY 19; AMARANTHUS-CAUDATUS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; 10-CYSTEINE MOTIF; 5-DISULFIDE MOTIF; EUCOMMIA-ULMOIDES; ATOMIC-RESOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BINDING PROTEINS; DISTINCT AB Corn (Zea mays) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) produce GH family 19 plant class IV chitinases. These chitinases contain two domains: a small N-terminal hevein region, and a C-terminal chitinase. Numerous structures of GH19 chitinase domains have been reported, including the chitinase domain of corn ChitA. Structural information on the N-terminal domains, however, is lacking. Fusarium pathogens secrete fungalysin proteases that cleave some class IV chitinases at a well-defined Gly-Cys site between the two domains. To study the structure of the peptide domain we used the fungalysin protease Fv-cmp as a tool to release the hevein domain from plant class IV chitinases, allowing their direct study. MALDI-TOF MS analysis of fungalysin-released peptides from plant class IV chitinases from corn and Arabidopsis allowed visualization of multiple isotopomers, resulting in accurate mass determination. When treated with DTT, peptide ions increased in mass by six mass units, suggesting breakage of three disulfide bonds. When reduced peptides were S-alkylated, peptides were converted to a series of evenly spaced ions with various states of alkylation, confirming the presence of six reduced cysteines. This chemical data was complemented by use of molecular modeling to determine the fold of the peptide and location of disulfide bonds. The chemical data and molecular model combine to create a structural model of a hevein domain from a GH19 chitinase. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Price, Neil P. J.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Momany, Frank A.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Naumann, Todd A.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Schnupf, Udo] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Price, NPJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCAUR, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM neil.price@ars.usda.gov RI Schnupf, Udo/H-4703-2016 OI Schnupf, Udo/0000-0002-1457-1985 NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 BP 25 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2014.11.004 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CD0FS UT WOS:000350746700005 ER PT J AU Fountain, JC Raruang, YJ Luo, M Brown, RL Guo, BZ Chen, ZY AF Fountain, Jake C. Raruang, Yenjit Luo, Meng Brown, Robert L. Guo, Baozhu Chen, Zhi-Yuan TI Potential roles of WRKY transcription factors in regulating host defense responses during Aspergillus flavus infection of immature maize kernels SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Real-time PCR; WRKY transcription factors; Maize ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; STRESS TOLERANCE; CORN KERNELS; EAR ROT; RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEINS; EXPRESSION; PLANTS AB The mechanisms regulating the expression of maize resistance genes against Aspergillus flavus are poorly understood. This study examined the potential roles of six WRKY transcription factors and the expression of three pathway indicator genes in response to A. flavus inoculation in B73 (susceptible) and TZAR101 (resistant). The genes ZmWRKY19, ZmWRKY53, and ZmWRKY67 were found to possess elevated expression in TZAR101. ZmNPR1 expression was induced by inoculation in TZAR101 without concurrent induction of ZmPR-1, possibly due to the induction of ZmERF1. These findings indicate that WRKY transcription factors are involved in resistance and that salicylic acid and ethylene signaling may coordinate defense responses. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fountain, Jake C.; Raruang, Yenjit; Chen, Zhi-Yuan] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Fountain, Jake C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Luo, Meng] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Brown, Robert L.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Guo, Baozhu] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Chen, ZY (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, 302 Life Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jfount1@uga.edu; yraruang@agcenter.lsu.edu; mluo2@lsuhsc.edu; robert.brown@ars.usda.gov; baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov; zchen@agcenter.lsu.edu FU Louisiana Soybean and Grain Research and Promotion Board; Louisiana State Board of Regents [LEQSF (2008-11)-RD-A-01] FX The authors would like to thanks Drs. Christopher Clark and Kenneth Damann for critical review of the manuscript. We also thank Dr. David Blouin and Mr. Chengfei Lu from the Department of Experimental Statistics at Louisiana State University for their assistance with the statistical analysis of the data. This work was financially supported by the Louisiana Soybean and Grain Research and Promotion Board and the Louisiana State Board of Regents [LEQSF (2008-11)-RD-A-01]. Published with the approval of the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript number 2014-1068-15298. NR 65 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2014.11.005 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CD0FS UT WOS:000350746700006 ER PT J AU Finotti, E Gezzi, R Nobili, F Garaguso, I Friedman, M AF Finotti, Enrico Gezzi, Riccardo Nobili, Fabio Garaguso, Ivana Friedman, Mendel TI Effect of apple, baobab, red-chicory, and pear extracts on cellular energy expenditure and morphology of a Caco-2 cells using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID SULFOTRANSFERASE ISOFORMS SULT1A1; DRUG-INTERACTIONS; OCHRATOXIN-A; LINE CACO-2; IN-VITRO; INHIBITION; CULTURE; MODEL; FOOD; DIFFERENTIATION AB The present study investigated the effects of four food extracts on the Caco-2 intestinal cell line using a new transepithelial electrical resistance method (TEER) concurrent with electron microscopy (SEM). Caco-2 cells are widely used in transepithelial studies because they can be cultured to create a selective permeable interface similar to that between the intestinal lumen and the basolateral tissue. These cells absorb, secrete, and function as a barrier that limits the passive transepithelial diffusion of hydrophilic solutes from the digestive tract into the circulation. The intercellular tight junctions provide a limiting barrier to the movement of the solutes through the paracellular route. The integrity of this tissue must be maintained when studying cellular physiology. TEER provides useful information on cellular function when a tissue in chemical equilibrium is perturbed by an external compound (such as nutrient, drug, pathogenic microorganism or toxins). In order to restore this equilibrium, the cells need to expend energy that can be calculated through a mathematical TEER value. The change in energy from the equilibrium value depends on the time elapsed and the nature and concentration of the test substance. The results show that extracts of four commercial foods (with the total phenolic content shown in mg g(-1) gallic acid equivalents) - apples (3.39), baobab (130), red chicory (13.31), and pears (1.15) induced concentration-dependent changes in both the energy and histology (morphology) of the cells as well as the formation of mucopolysaccharide. These changes, reported graphically and mathematically, were altered in the presence of the free radical (oxidant) 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinepropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). At highest concentration, measured, the food extract with the highest phenolic content (baobab) completely damage the cells. The new simple in vitro TEER assay offers a novel approach to investigate the influence of nutrients, antinutrients, food toxicants, and drugs on the physiology and morphology of the Caco-2 cells that may predict their behavior in the digestive tract. C1 [Finotti, Enrico; Nobili, Fabio; Garaguso, Ivana] CRA NUT Natl Council Agr Res, Res Ctr Food & Nutr, I-00178 Rome, Italy. [Gezzi, Riccardo] Univ Gottingen, Dept Orthodont, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. [Friedman, Mendel] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Finotti, E (reprint author), CRA NUT Natl Council Agr Res, Res Ctr Food & Nutr, Via Ardeatina 546, I-00178 Rome, Italy. EM enrico.finotti@entecra.it OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2015 VL 5 IS 29 BP 22490 EP 22498 DI 10.1039/c4ra15129a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CC8UK UT WOS:000350643700026 ER PT J AU Ipek, M Sahin, N Ipek, A Cansev, A Simon, PW AF Ipek, Meryem Sahin, Nihan Ipek, Ahmet Cansev, Asuman Simon, Philipp W. TI Development and validation of new SSR markers from expressed regions in the garlic genome SO SCIENTIA AGRICOLA LA English DT Article DE expressed sequence tags (EST); simple sequence repeat markers; genetic relationship ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; AFLP MARKERS; NUCLEAR DNA; ALLIUM; CULTIVARS; EVOLUTION; DATABASE; MAP; L. AB Only a limited number of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers is available for the genome of garlic (Allium sativum L.) despite the fact that SSR markers have become one of the most preferred DNA marker systems. To develop new SSR markers for the garlic genome, garlic expressed sequence tags (ESTs) at the publicly available GarlicEST database were screened for SSR motifs and a total of 132 SSR motifs were identified. Primer pairs were designed for 50 SSR motifs and 24 of these primer pairs were selected as SSR markers based on their consistent amplification patterns and polymorphisms. In addition, two SSR markers were developed from the sequences of garlic cDNA-AFLP fragments. The use of 26 EST-SSR markers for the assessment of genetic relationship was tested using 31 garlic genotypes. Twenty six EST-SSR markers amplified 130 polymorphic DNA fragments and the number of polymorphic alleles per SSR marker ranged from 2 to 13 with an average of 5 alleles. Observed heterozygosity and polymorphism information content (PIC) of the SSR markers were between 0.23 and 0.88, and 0.20 and 0.87, respectively. Twenty one out of the 31 garlic genotypes were analyzed in a previous study using AFLP markers and the garlic genotypes clustered together with AFLP markers were also grouped together with EST-SSR markers demonstrating high concordance between AFLP and EST-SSR marker systems and possible immediate application of EST-SSR markers for fingerprinting of garlic clones. EST-SSR markers could be used in genetic studies such as genetic mapping, association mapping, genetic diversity and comparison of the genomes of Allium species. C1 [Ipek, Meryem; Ipek, Ahmet; Cansev, Asuman] Uludag Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-16059 Bursa, Turkey. [Sahin, Nihan] Namik Kemel Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-59030 Tekirdag, Turkey. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ipek, M (reprint author), Uludag Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-16059 Bursa, Turkey. EM msipek@uludag.edu.tr FU Commission of Scientific Research Projects of Uludag University [UAP (Z)-2010/50] FX To The Commission of Scientific Research Projects of Uludag University, project number: UAP (Z)-2010/50. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU UNIV SAO PAOLO PI CERQUERA CESAR PA AV DR ENEAS DE CARVALHO AGUIAR, 419, CERQUERA CESAR, SP 05403-000, BRAZIL SN 0103-9016 J9 SCI AGR JI Sci. Agric. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 72 IS 1 BP 41 EP 46 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA CC8JC UT WOS:000350613500006 ER PT J AU Moore, GG AF Moore, G. G. TI Heritability study of eGFP-transformed Aspergillus flavus strains SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biocontrol agent; fungal out-crossing; eGFP inheritance; mycotoxin inheritance ID AFLATOXIN GENE-CLUSTER; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; RECOMBINATION; CONTAMINATION; PARASITICUS; BIOCONTROL; COTTONSEED; CORN AB Field inoculation with non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus is a preferred method for pre-harvest biocontrol of aflatoxin contamination of maize, cottonseed, and groundnut. Rationale for using these A. flavus strains is that they (1) maintain persistent control of aflatoxigenic fungi in the field, and (2) are incapable of out-crossing. Trackable field-released biocontrol strains will be beneficial to study the movement and longevity of non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains. Incorporating a naturally-occurring compound such as enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) into a biocontrol strain might allow observation of its behaviour in field settings. The success of long-term field testing of eGFP-expressing A. flavus strains depends on their ability to maintain fluorescence throughout growth. Additionally, to ensure accurate tracking of the fluorescent atoxigenic strain, the likelihood of their out-crossing with individuals from the native population must be determined. In vitro mating experiments paired each of six different eGFP-transformed atoxigenic strains with a highly fertile toxigenic A. flavus isolate. Findings indicate that the eGFP gene, and possibly the aflatoxin cluster, is heritable by the F1 progeny. Not all cultured ascospores were fluorescent, but subsequent growth arising from a single fluorescent ascospore exhibited fluorescence similar to the eGFP parent. Observed mixed-fluorescence among conidia in a single chain suggests heterokaryosis at the moment of conidiogenesis. Mycotoxin assays showed that some fluorescent F1 individuals produce aflatoxin and/or cyclopiazonic acid which would indicate they are recombinant offspring. The findings in this laboratory study lend support to concern that atoxigenic strains are not impervious to genetic recombination and for which, if possible in a natural environment, repeated use could pose a risk of increasing the occurrence of aflatoxigenic individuals in treated fields. C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Moore, GG (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM geromy.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.3920/WMJ2014.1724 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CD0RZ UT WOS:000350782900005 ER PT J AU Zhang, H Scharfenstein, LL Carter-Wientjes, C Chang, PK Zhang, D Meng, X Yu, J AF Zhang, H. Scharfenstein, L. L. Carter-Wientjes, C. Chang, P. -K. Zhang, D. Meng, X. Yu, J. TI Lack of aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus is associated with reduced fungal growth and delayed expression of aflatoxin pathway genes SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxin biosynthesis; peanut resistance; food safety ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; CONTAMINATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; PEANUT; IDENTIFICATION; RESISTANCE; PROTEIN; AFLR AB Aflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, are the most toxic fungal secondary metabolites that contaminate agricultural commodities such as peanuts, cotton and maize. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of crop resistance to fungal infection is an important step for plant breeders to develop better and improved crop varieties for safe production of human food and animal feed. Infection studies have identified a resistant (R) peanut line, GT-C20, which is able to decrease aflatoxin contamination. The mycelial growth of A. flavus NRRL3357 on the R peanut line was much lower than that on the susceptible (S) peanut line, Tifrunner. Besides reducing fungal growth, the R line compared to the S line inhibited aflatoxin production completely. Real-time RT-PCR assays of both the R and S lines infected by A. flavus showed that expression of five aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway genes, the aflR regulatory gene and the aflD, aflM, aflP and aflQ structural genes, was not reduced but was significantly delayed on the R line. The results suggested that resistance factors of the R line acted negatively on A. flavus growth and also altered fungal development. The dysfunction in development changed the timing and the pattern of aflatoxin gene expression, which in part rendered A. flavus unable to produce aflatoxins. C1 [Zhang, H.] Liaoning Univ, Light Ind Coll, Shenyang 110032, Peoples R China. [Zhang, H.; Meng, X.] Shenyang Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci, Shenyang 110161, Peoples R China. [Scharfenstein, L. L.; Carter-Wientjes, C.; Chang, P. -K.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Zhang, D.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Yu, J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yu, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jiujiang.yu@ars.usda.gov FU Science and Technology Department of Liaoning Province [201401186] FX We thank Ms. Beverly Montalbano, USDA/ARS/SRRC, for technical assistance. This work is related to the project: Science and Technology Department of Liaoning Province, No.201401186. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 15 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 3 BP 335 EP 340 DI 10.3920/WMJ2014.1758 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CD0RZ UT WOS:000350782900008 ER PT B AU Matuana, LM Stark, NM AF Matuana, L. M. Stark, N. M. BE Faruk, O Sain, M TI The use of wood fibers as reinforcements in composites SO BIOFIBER REINFORCEMENT IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE wood plastic composites; wood flour; mechanical properties; durability; foaming ID PVC/WOOD-FLOUR COMPOSITES; DENSITY-POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PLASTIC COMPOSITES; POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; FTIR SPECTROSCOPY; WOODFIBER/THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES; THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES; POLYMER COMPOSITES; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY AB The chapter begins by discussing the major characteristics of wood in terms of structure, major chemical constituents and wood fiber production methods, which is followed by the description of major manufacturing processes for wood plastic composites (WPCs). It then reviews the effects of different variables such as the nature of wood flour (particle size, wood species, and wood flour content), filler-matrix adhesion, characteristics of polymer matrix, processing conditions, performance-enhancing additives, and foaming agents on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and durability properties of WPCs. Finally, the chapter discusses future trends in WPCs including new materials, novel manufacturing techniques, and emerging applications. C1 [Matuana, L. M.] Michigan State Univ, Sch Packaging, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Stark, N. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Matuana, LM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Sch Packaging, 448 Wilson Rd,Packaging Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM matuana@msu.edu; nstark@fs.fed.us NR 112 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78242-127-6; 978-1-78242-122-1 J9 WOODH PUB S COMPOS S PY 2015 IS 51 BP 648 EP 688 DI 10.1533/9781782421276.5.648 PG 41 WC Materials Science, Composites; Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA BC0JA UT WOS:000349074200021 ER PT J AU El-Behadli, AF Sharp, C Hughes, SO Obasi, EM Nicklas, TA AF El-Behadli, Ana F. Sharp, Carla Hughes, Sheryl O. Obasi, Ezemenari M. Nicklas, Theresa A. TI Maternal depression, stress and feeding styles: towards a framework for theory and research in child obesity SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Childhood obesity; Maternal depression; Life stress; Feeding styles; Eating behaviours; Dietary intakes ID BODY-MASS INDEX; SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES; EAT CEREAL CONSUMPTION; LOW-INCOME MOTHERS; SNACK FOOD-INTAKE; NEW-YORK-STATE; 4 AGE-GROUPS; NUTRIENT-INTAKE; PARENTING STYLES; WEIGHT STATUS AB Against the background of rising rates of obesity in children and adults in the USA, and modest effect sizes for obesity interventions, the aim of the present narrative review paper is to extend the UNICEF care model to focus on childhood obesity and its associated risks with an emphasis on the emotional climate of the parent-child relationship within the family. Specifically, we extended the UNICEF model by applying the systems approach to childhood obesity and by combining previously unintegrated sets of literature across multiple disciplines including developmental psychology, clinical psychology and nutrition. Specifically, we modified the extended care model by explicitly integrating new linkages (i.e. parental feeding styles, stress, depression and mother's own eating behaviour) that have been found to be associated with the development of children's eating behaviours and risk of childhood obesity. These new linkages are based on studies that were not incorporated into the original UNICEF model, but suggest important implications for childhood obesity. In all, this narrative review offers important advancements to the scientific understanding of familial influences on children's eating behaviours and childhood obesity. British Journal of Nutrition C1 [El-Behadli, Ana F.] Tufts Univ, Eliot Pearson Dept Child Study & Human Dev, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Sharp, Carla] Univ Houston, Dept Psychol, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Hughes, Sheryl O.; Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Obasi, Ezemenari M.] Univ Houston, EPSY Counseling Psychol, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates Ave, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.edu FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-003] FX This research project was supported in part by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service through specific cooperative agreement 58-6250-6-003. NR 204 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 38 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 113 SU 1 BP S55 EP S71 DI 10.1017/S000711451400333X PG 17 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CC3FI UT WOS:000350231300007 PM 25588385 ER PT J AU Yashwanth, BL Shotorban, B Mahalingam, S Weise, DR AF Yashwanth, B. L. Shotorban, B. Mahalingam, S. Weise, D. R. TI AN INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF HEATING MODES ON IGNITION AND PYROLYSIS OF WOODY WILDLAND FUEL SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Charring rate; Ignition time; Mass loss rate; Wildland fire; Wood combustion ID FIRE SPREAD; PILOTED IGNITION; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; BEDS; PREDICTION; PARTICLES; FLUXES; TIME AB The ignition of woody wildland fuel modeled as a one-dimensional slab subject to various modes of heating was investigated using a general pyrolysis code, Gpyro. The heating mode was varied by applying different convective and/or radiative, time-dependent heat flux boundary conditions on one end of the slab while keeping the other end insulated. Dry wood properties were used for the slab. Initially, wood was treated as chemically inactive and following this it is presumed to decompose via a single-stage kinetic model involving two solid phase species coupled with one gas phase species. This single-step model approximation for wood degradation was validated with experimental results. Critical time was defined as the time when the temperature of the heated side reached a critical value at which the ignition was assumed to take place. The chemically inactive assumption led to a significant underprediction of the critical time for a broad range of convective heat source temperatures at a fixed Biot number. When thermal decomposition was included, the critical time was quite sensitive to radiative and convective source temperatures and the Biot number during combined mode of heating. Time evolution of the mass loss and charring rates was weakly influenced by convective heating during the combined mode of heating. The variation of Biot number had little influence on this evolution when a combined mode of heating was applied. C1 [Yashwanth, B. L.; Shotorban, B.; Mahalingam, S.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Weise, D. R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. RP Shotorban, B (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM babak.shotorban@uah.edu OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 FU Joint Fire Science Program; USDA Forest Service PSW Research Station [11-JV-11272167-103]; University of Alabama in Huntsville FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Joint Fire Science Program and the USDA Forest Service PSW Research Station through cooperative agreement 11-JV-11272167-103 with The University of Alabama in Huntsville. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 EI 1563-521X J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 2015 VL 187 IS 5 BP 780 EP 796 DI 10.1080/00102202.2014.973948 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA CC0AD UT WOS:000349996000007 ER PT S AU Purdy, PH Graham, JK AF Purdy, Phillip H. Graham, James K. BE Wolkers, WF Oldenhof, H TI Membrane Modification Strategies for Cryopreservation SO CRYOPRESERVATION AND FREEZE- DRYING PROTOCOLS, 3RD EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Cyclodextrin; Liposome; Lipid; Cryopreservation ID CHOLESTEROL-LOADED CYCLODEXTRINS; BULL SPERM; IMPROVES CRYOSURVIVAL; CHILLING SENSITIVITY; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; ACROSOME REACTION; RAM SPERMATOZOA; EGG-YOLK; LIPOSOMES; STALLION AB Cell membranes can be modified using cyclodextrins loaded with lipids or unilamellar liposomes. Lipid choice can greatly influence the organization of the targeted membrane and result in a cell that is more capable of surviving cryopreservation due to altered membrane-phase transition properties or membrane reorganization that may alter the normal physiologic processes of the treated cell. The protocols described here explain the preparation of the cyclodextrins and liposomes, impact of the amount and type of lipids, and general principles for treating cells using either of these technologies. C1 [Purdy, Phillip H.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Graham, James K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Purdy, PH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-2193-5; 978-1-4939-2192-8 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2015 VL 1257 BP 337 EP 342 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-2193-5_15 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-2193-5 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BC1TG UT WOS:000350416300016 PM 25428015 ER PT J AU Hanberry, BB Kabrick, JM He, HS AF Hanberry, Brice B. Kabrick, John M. He, Hong S. TI Potential tree and soil carbon storage in a major historical floodplain forest with disrupted ecological function SO PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Climate change; Ecosystem services; Flooding; Reforestation; Restoration ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; RIVER-BASIN; NEW-ENGLAND; STOCKS; AFFORESTATION; TRENDS; AGE; USA AB Floodplain forests are extremely productive for agriculture and historical floodplain forests have been converted to prime agricultural land throughout the world, resulting in disruption of ecosystem functioning. Given that flooding may increase with climate change and reforestation will increase resiliency to climate change, we tested whether reforested floodplains also have great potential to store carbon and the effects of even modest increases in forested acreage on carbon storage. To calculate potential above-ground biomass in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley (LMAV) of the United States, we determined current and historical tree biomass used density estimates and diameter distributions from tree surveys and relationships between diameter and biomass from current forests. To calculate potential soil organic carbon if the landscape was forested, we used soil organic matter from soil surveys of the agricultural landscape, and multiplied the carbon by a factors of 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75 based on published reports of soil carbon increases due to afforestation. Our results showed that area-weighted mean biomass density (trees >= 12.7 cm in diameter) for historical forests was 300 Mg/ha, ranging from 228 Mg/ha to 332 Mg/ha by ecological subsection, based on the most conservative diameter distribution. Mean biomass density for current forests was 97 Mg/ha, ranging from 92 Mg/ha to 111 Mg/ha. Mean carbon density for agricultural soils was 96 Mg/ha, whereas combined tree and soil carbon densities varied from 169 Mg/ha to 317 Mg/ha; soil carbon accounted for 0.5-0.7 of total carbon density. Historical forested carbon storage in the Missouri LMAV was about 234 TgC, with the most conservative diameter distribution and assuming 80% forest coverage. Current forested carbon storage in the Missouri LMAV is about 2% of historical storage, at 5 TgC in 30,000 ha of forests, but may reach 23 TgC if forested extent almost triples, with the addition of 50,000 ha of marginal agricultural land, and carbon storage increases in trees and soil. The entire LMAV currently stores 97 TgC in forests and reasonable carbon storage for the entire LMAV may be about 335 TgC, based on increased carbon storage and reforestation of 600,000 ha of marginal agricultural land, which would double the current forested extent. Although 335 TgC storage for the LMAV is only about 1.5 times greater than historical carbon storage of the Missouri LMAV, doubling the forested extent will increase other ecosystem functions, including carbon storage, flood abatement, and reduction of fertilizer pollution in the Gulf of Mexico. (C) 2014 Geobotanisches Institut ETH, Stiftung Ruebel. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Hanberry, Brice B.; He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kabrick, John M.] Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Hanberry, BB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203 Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM hanberryb@missouri.edu FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station and Eastern Region; Department of Interior USGS Northeast Climate Science Center FX We thank anonymous reviewers for their suggestions that improved the manuscript. This project was funded by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station and Eastern Region. Additional funds were provided by the Department of Interior USGS Northeast Climate Science Center. The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the United States Government. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1433-8319 J9 PERSPECT PLANT ECOL JI Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.ppees.2014.12.002 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC1ES UT WOS:000350084600002 ER PT J AU Lv, JY Rao, JP Johnson, F Shin, SB Zhu, YM AF Lv, Jingyi Rao, Jingping Johnson, Franklin Shin, Sungbong Zhu, Yanmin TI Genome-wide identification of jasmonate biosynthetic genes and characterization of their expression profiles during apple (Malus x domestica) fruit maturation SO PLANT GROWTH REGULATION LA English DT Article DE Plant hormones; Crosstalk; Lipoxygenase; Allene oxide synthase; Methyl jasmonate; qRT-PCR ID 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE ACC SYNTHASE; ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE; PLANT STRESS-RESPONSE; METHYL JASMONATE; PEACH FRUIT; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ACID; TOMATO AB The plant hormones regulate most physiological processes including apple fruit ripening by integrating diverse developmental cues and environmental signals. In addition to the well-characterized role of ethylene, jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives have also been suggested to play an important role during apple fruit maturation and ripening. Till now, the role JA on apple fruit ripening was only observed through exogenous application of JA or its derivatives. The de novo JA biosynthesis and signal transduction in apple fruit tissues have not been studied. In this study, the members of major gene families implicated in JA biosynthesis were identified from apple genome sequences; and their expression profiles were characterized in 'Golden Delicious' using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions. Our data indicated that the expression patterns of MdLOX23, MdAOS2 and MdJMT2 in JA biosynthesis pathway are coordinated with those of MdACS3, MdERF1 and MdERF2 genes during 12 consecutive weeks of apple fruit maturation toward commercial harvest. Both MdLOX23 and MdAOS2 showed comparable expression patterns in both core and cortex suggesting localized synthesis of JA in different fruit tissues. Most of JA biosynthesis genes were transiently up-regulated in response to exogenous application of methyl jasmonate to on-tree maturing apple fruit, though in a maturity dependent manner. Our results suggested regulating roles of JA biosynthesis and its signaling on apple fruit maturation and ripening. C1 [Lv, Jingyi; Rao, Jingping] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Johnson, Franklin; Shin, Sungbong; Zhu, Yanmin] ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Rao, JP (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM jingping.rao@hotmail.com; yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6903 EI 1573-5087 J9 PLANT GROWTH REGUL JI Plant Growth Regul. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 75 IS 1 BP 355 EP 364 DI 10.1007/s10725-014-9958-0 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CB9TA UT WOS:000349974200033 ER PT J AU Zhang, YQ Zheng, B Sun, G Fan, PL AF Zhang, Yaoqi Zheng, Bin Sun, Ge Fan, Peilei TI The American Lawn Revisited: Awareness Education and Culture as Public Policies Toward Sustainable Lawn SO PROBLEMY EKOROZWOJU LA English DT Article DE grass; American culture; conspicuous consumption; industrialization; urbanization; pollution; aesthetics; landscaping ID MANAGEMENT; HORTICULTURE; PERCEPTIONS; REVOLUTION; TURFGRASS; REGION; IMPACT; CITY AB Lawn has been used for landscaping, gardening, and beautification of homes and cities for a long time. The evolution of the lawn reflects important cultural and biophysical interactions between humans and nature. The American lawn, which was from Europe and has been a part of the American dream for home ownership and culture, has become an area going against nature for its extensively using chemicals and generated pollutions. Tracing how the lawn is becoming an important part of culture, this article focuses on more recent pollution and other environmental problems resulted from the lawn culture. It is argued, that awareness, education and changing culture of taste and preference can serve additional measures together with law and technological advancement toward sustainable lawn in the United States and the world. C1 [Zhang, Yaoqi] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm IceMe, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yaoqi] Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zheng, Bin] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Econ & Management, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Sun, Ge] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Fan, Peilei] Michigan State Univ, Sch Planning Design & Construct, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fan, Peilei] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Global Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Zhang, YQ (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm IceMe, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM zhangy3@auburn.edu; Zhengbin512@gmail.com; gesun@fs.fed.us; fanpeile@msu.edu NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU POLITECHNIKA LUBELSKA PI LUBLIN PA WYDZIAL INZYNIERII SRODOWSKA, UL NADBYSTRZYCKA 40 B, LUBLIN, 20-618, POLAND SN 1895-6912 J9 PROBL EKOROZW JI Probl. Ekorozw. PY 2015 VL 10 IS 1 BP 107 EP 115 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC5IQ UT WOS:000350392700013 ER PT J AU Green, BW AF Green, Bartholomew W. TI Performance of a temperate-zone channel catfish biofloc technology production system during winter SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biofloc technology; Channel catfish; Low temperature; Ammonia; Biotransformation ID COMMON OFF-FLAVORS; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES; AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS; WATER-QUALITY; NITROGEN; REMOVAL; NITRIFICATION; EXCHANGE; CULTURE AB Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) have been grown successfully in an outdoor biofloc technology production system. Outdoor biofloc production systems in the tropics are operated year-round, whereas the channel catfish studies were conducted only during the growing season and biofloc production tanks were harvested and idled for the winter. If an outdoor biofloc production system is to be adopted by farmers at temperate latitudes, then data gaps related to system and fish performance over the winter must be addressed. The present study was conducted to address these data gaps for channel catfish culture. Waters from a recently completed biofloc production experiment that contained low (153.3 mg/L) and high (790.0 mg/L) total suspended solids were retained for this study. Three 15.7-m(3) tanks per water type each were stocked (8 kg/m(3)) with market size channel catfish from that same study for a 152-day study from November to April. Mean chlorophyll a concentrations were similar in both treatments during the first 55 days, after which treatments diverged and chlorophyll a concentration increased linearly (P< 0.001, R-2 = 0.721) to a mean final concentration of 2251.7 mg/m(3) in the low solids treatment. Ammonia from ammonium chloride spikes (1.25-1.5 mg TAN) added on three occasions during the experiment was biotransformed completely, putatively by algal uptake and nitrification. Ammonia biotransformation rate was linearly related to mean water temperature in the high solids (P< 0.001, R-2 = 0.920) and low solids (P= 0.002, R-2 = 0.761) treatments. Catfish survival through the winter was high (99.75%) in biofloc tanks and did not differ significantly between treatments. Net fish yield did not differ significantly between treatments. However, net fish yields were 1-4% less than initial fish biomasses. Water in the biofloc production tanks appeared to retain through the winter the ability to biotransform ammonia regardless of whether phytoplankton or suspended solids predominate and despite sustained input of ammonianitrogen. Having an active biofloc in the spring obviates the start-up time required to establish a new, fully functional biofloc and the associated TAN and nitrite spikes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Green, BW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM bart.green@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS [6225-31630-006-00D] FX The technical assistance of Greg O'Neal and Paxton Harper is greatly appreciated. The assistance of Robert Dallas II, Dallas Group of America, in procuring the ammonium chloride is greatly appreciated. This study was funded by the USDA/ARS under project number 6225-31630-006-00D. No source of funding external to the author institution was used for this study. The author does not have any conflict of interest. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8609 EI 1873-5614 J9 AQUACULT ENG JI Aquac. Eng. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 64 BP 60 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2014.11.001 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries SC Agriculture; Fisheries GA CC1IH UT WOS:000350093900009 ER PT J AU Kauppi, PE Birdsey, RA Pan, Y Ihalainen, A Nojd, P Lehtonen, A AF Kauppi, P. E. Birdsey, R. A. Pan, Y. Ihalainen, A. Nojd, P. Lehtonen, A. TI Effects of land management on large trees and carbon stocks SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS EXPANSION FACTORS; FOREST CARBON; OLD TREES; WORLDS FORESTS; BOREAL FORESTS; NORWAY SPRUCE; SCOTS PINE; FINLAND; AGE; EQUATIONS AB Large trees are important and unique organisms in forests, providing ecosystem services including carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere and long-term storage. Some reports have raised concerns about the global decline of large trees. Based on observations from two regions in Finland and three regions in the United States we report that trends of large trees during recent decades have been surprisingly variable among regions. In southern Finland, the growing stock volume of trees larger than 30 cm at breast height increased nearly five-fold during the second half of the 20th century, yet more recently ceased to expand. In the United States, large hardwood trees have become increasingly common in the Northeast since the 1950s, while large softwood trees declined until the mid 1990s as a consequence of harvests in the Pacific region, and then rebounded when harvesting there was reduced. We conclude that in the regions studied, the history of land use and forest management governs changes of the diameter-class distributions of tree populations. Large trees have significant benefits; for example, they can constitute a large proportion of the carbon stock and affect greatly the carbon density of forests. Large trees usually have deeper roots and long lifetimes. They affect forest structure and function and provide habitats for other species. An accumulating stock of large trees in existing forests may have negligible direct biophysical effects on climate through transpiration or forest albedo. Understanding changes in the demography of tree populations makes a contribution to estimating the past impact and future potential of forests in the global carbon budget and to assessing other ecosystem services of forests. C1 [Kauppi, P. E.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Environm Sci, Helsinki 0014, Finland. [Birdsey, R. A.; Pan, Y.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Ihalainen, A.; Nojd, P.; Lehtonen, A.] Nat Resources Inst Finland Luke, Vantaa 01301, Finland. RP Kauppi, PE (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Environm Sci, POB 65, Helsinki 0014, Finland. EM pekka.kauppi@helsinki.fi RI Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; OI Lehtonen, Aleksi/0000-0003-1388-0388 FU Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation; Finnish Society for Sciences and Letters FX The authors thank the Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation and the Finnish Society for Sciences and Letters for financial support; the national forest inventories of Finland and the US for collecting, compiling, and publishing the original data; and Sari Elomaa for finalizing the illustrations. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2015 VL 12 IS 3 BP 855 EP 862 DI 10.5194/bg-12-855-2015 PG 8 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA CB7FU UT WOS:000349793100016 ER PT J AU Serapiglia, MJ Mullen, CA Smart, LB Boateng, AA AF Serapiglia, Michelle J. Mullen, Charles A. Smart, Lawrence B. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Variability in pyrolysis product yield from novel shrub willow genotypes SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy; Composition; Fast pyrolysis; Genotype; Salix; S:G ratio ID CATALYTIC FAST PYROLYSIS; PY-GC/MS; GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT; LIGNIN CONTENT; BIO-OILS; BIOMASS; HYBRIDS; FEEDSTOCKS; COMPONENTS; RATIO AB Fast pyrolysis is becoming a more attractive conversion option for the production of biofuels, due to the potential for directly producing hydrocarbon fuels seamlessly compatible with petroleum products (drop-in fuels). Dedicated bioenergy crops, like perennial grasses and short-rotation woody crops, will be among the major sources of biomass for fast pyrolysis. To aid in the advancement of fast pyrolysis conversion and to identify appropriate feedstock crops, novel genotypes of shrub willow recently bred for high yield were evaluated for pyrolysis product yield using pyrolysis-gas chromatographymass spectroscopy (py-GC/MS). The goal of this study was to understand how variations in biomass composition impact pyrolysis conversion efficiency and pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) quality by analyzing the composition of the pyrolysis vapors by py-GC/MS. The results of the py-GC/MS analysis showed significant differences in products from both non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis carried out over zeolite catalyst (HZSM-5), which were correlated with differences in biomass composition. For non-catalytic conversion, the most significant relationships were between the syringyl:guaiacyl (S:G) ratio in the biomass and phenolic monomers, in addition to levoglucosan yields and cellulose content. Production of phenols, guaiacols, and syringols were largely independent of total lignin content, but were strongly related to the S:G ratio. Willow genotypes with low ash content and high cellulose content produced more liquid products and higher levels of deoxygenated aromatics following catalytic pyrolysis. These results demonstrate that it is possible to breed for improvements in biomass compositional traits that can ultimately lead to improvements in bio-oil yield and quality. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Serapiglia, Michelle J.; Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Smart, Lawrence B.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Hort Sect, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA National Institutes of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP) grant NEWBio (Northeast Woody/Warm-season Biomass Consortium) [2012-68005-19703]; Northeast Sun Grant Initiative from the US Department of Transportation; USDA FX This work was funded in part by the USDA National Institutes of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP) grant NEWBio (Northeast Woody/Warm-season Biomass Consortium; Grant # 2012-68005-19703) and by grants from the Northeast Sun Grant Initiative from the US Department of Transportation and the USDA to LBS. We are grateful for excellent technical assistance provided by Steve Gordner, Matt Christiansen, Rebecca Chase, Kayleigh Hogan, Michael Rosato, and Jeffrey Springmeier. The authors would also like to express their gratitude to Bruce Dien and John Phillips for providing welcomed advice for improvements to the manuscript. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 72 BP 74 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.11.015 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA CB6FY UT WOS:000349724100009 ER PT J AU DeJonge, KC Ahmadi, M Ascough, JC Kinzli, KD AF DeJonge, Kendall C. Ahmadi, Mehdi Ascough, James C., II Kinzli, Kristoph-Dietrich TI Sensitivity analysis of reference evapotranspiration to sensor accuracy SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Evapotranspiration; Sensitivity analysis; Instrumentation; Sensor accuracy; Irrigation water ID ALFALFA-REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; DISTRIBUTED WATERSHED MODELS; GLOBAL SENSITIVITY; PENMAN-MONTEITH; RIVER-BASIN; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; CLIMATIC VARIABLES; ECOSYSTEM MODEL; ERRORS; PARAMETERS AB Meteorological sensor networks are often used across agricultural regions to calculate the ASCE Standardized Reference Evapotranspiration (ET) Equation, and inaccuracies in individual sensors can lead to inaccuracies in ET estimates. Multiyear datasets from the semi-arid Colorado Agricultural Meteorological (CoAgMet) and humid Florida Automated Weather Network (FAWN) networks were evaluated using a local sensitivity analysis (LSA) method which calculated the total error range of each individual sensor, as well as Morris and eFAST global sensitivity analysis (GSA) methods which simultaneously evaluated the full accuracy range of each sensor. Sensitivity of inputs (i.e., temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation) generally had values within the same range for the FAWN network with solar radiation being the most influential input in the Summer, while sensitivity to wind speed for the CoAgMet network was much higher than the other inputs. Due to its simplicity and ease of application, LSA is suggested as a minimal screening method for evaluating input sensor sensitivity. GSA results were highly correlated with each other, but local sensitivity was poorly correlated to GSA methods regarding wind input in Colorado. Uncertainty analysis showed the current configuration of sensors in the CoAgMet network to have a higher range of ET values between 5% and 95% confidence intervals, as compared to the FAWN network. The eFAST GSA method was applied using a hypothetical set of "best case" sensors in both stations (i.e., sensors with the best accuracy between both sites), showing solar radiation to be the most influential input in the high ET months of summer, and the sensitivity in Colorado to wind to be vastly decreased, suggesting that the CoAgMet network could benefit from an upgrade to more accurate anemometers. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [DeJonge, Kendall C.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ahmadi, Mehdi] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Ascough, James C., II] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kinzli, Kristoph-Dietrich] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Dept Environm & Civil Engn, Ft Myers, FL 33965 USA. RP DeJonge, KC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 320, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Kendall.DeJonge@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 EI 1872-7107 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 110 BP 176 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2014.11.013 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA CB8LL UT WOS:000349881000019 ER PT J AU Grilli, E Bari, R Piva, A Edrington, TS Pitta, DW Pinchak, WE Nisbet, DJ Callaway, TR AF Grilli, Ester Bari, Riccardo Piva, Andrea Edrington, Tom S. Pitta, Dipti W. Pinchak, William E. Nisbet, David J. Callaway, Todd R. TI Organic Acid Blend with Pure Botanical Product Treatment Reduces Escherichia coli and Salmonella Populations in Pure Culture and in In Vitro Mixed Ruminal Microorganism Fermentations SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; BUTYRIC-ACID; COLONIZATION; ENTERITIDIS; CHICKENS; INFECTION; TYPHIMURIUM; GROWTH; CAMPYLOBACTER; EXPRESSION AB Foodborne pathogenic bacteria can live in the intestinal tract of food animals and can be transmitted to humans via food or indirectly through animal or fecal contact. Organic acid blend products have been used as nonantibiotic modifiers of the gastrointestinal fermentation of food animals to improve growth performance efficiency. However, the impact of these organic acid products on the microbial population, including foodborne pathogens, remains unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the effects of a commercial organic acid and botanical blend product (OABP) on populations of the foodborne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium. Pure cultures (2x10(6) colony-forming units [CFU]/mL) of each pathogen were added to tubes that contained water-solubilized OABP added at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10% (vol/vol; n=3). Water-solubilized OABP reduced (p<0.05) the growth rate and final populations of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium in pure culture at concentrations >2%. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium were added (2x10(5) and 3x10(6) CFU/mL, respectively) to in vitro mixed ruminal microorganism fermentations that contained water-solubilized OABP at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 5, and 10% (vol/vol; n=3) that were incubated for 24 h. OABP addition reduced (p<0.05) final populations of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium in the ruminal fluid at concentrations >= 5%. The acetate-to-propionate ratios from the in vitro fermentations were reduced (p<0.05) by OABP treatment >= 5%. Treatments to reduce foodborne pathogens must be economically feasible to implement, and results indicate that organic acid products, such as OABP, can enhance animal growth efficiency and can be used to reduce populations of pathogenic bacteria. C1 [Grilli, Ester; Bari, Riccardo; Piva, Andrea] Univ Bologna, DIMEVET, Ozzano Dell Emilia, Italy. [Edrington, Tom S.; Nisbet, David J.; Callaway, Todd R.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Pitta, Dipti W.; Pinchak, William E.] Texas AgriLife Res, Vernon, TX USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM todd.callaway@ars.usda.gov FU company Vetagro SpA FX A grant was provided to support the research by the company Vetagro SpA. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 12 IS 1 BP 56 EP 61 DI 10.1089/fpd.2014.1826 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CC9DX UT WOS:000350669200008 PM 25456238 ER PT S AU Bhunia, AK Taitt, CR Kim, MS AF Bhunia, A. K. Taitt, C. R. Kim, M. S. BE Bhunia, AK Kim, MS Taitt, CR TI High throughput screening strategies and technology platforms for detection of pathogens: an introduction SO HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING FOR FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT: BIOSENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; UNITED-STATES; ENRICHMENT CULTIVATION; VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS; FOODBORNE ILLNESS; OUTBREAK; FOOD; SALMONELLA; INFECTIONS C1 [Bhunia, A. K.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Taitt, C. R.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Kim, M. S.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Bhunia, AK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-0-85709-807-8; 978-0-85709-801-6 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2015 IS 262 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/B978-0-85709-801-6.00001-0 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC0DI UT WOS:000348925600001 ER PT S AU Gehring, AG AF Gehring, A. G. BE Bhunia, AK Kim, MS Taitt, CR TI Immunologic biosensing of foodborne pathogenic bacteria using electrochemical or light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) detection platforms SO HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING FOR FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT: BIOSENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS; IN-GROUND BEEF; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; AMPEROMETRIC DETECTION; FILTRATION CAPTURE; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; YERSINIA-PESTIS; RAPID DETECTION; ASSAY C1 ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Gehring, AG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-0-85709-807-8; 978-0-85709-801-6 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2015 IS 262 BP 301 EP 314 DI 10.1016/B978-0-85709-801-6.00013-7 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC0DI UT WOS:000348925600013 ER PT S AU Kim, MS AF Kim, M. S. BE Bhunia, AK Kim, MS Taitt, CR TI Online screening of fruits and vegetables using hyperspectral line-scan imaging techniques SO HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING FOR FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT: BIOSENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FECAL CONTAMINATION; MACHINE VISION; MULTISPECTRAL DETECTION; FLUORESCENCE IMAGERY; POULTRY CARCASSES; AUTOMATED DETECTION; FEATURE-EXTRACTION; BRUISE DETECTION; FOOD QUALITY; APPLE STEM C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-0-85709-807-8; 978-0-85709-801-6 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2015 IS 262 BP 467 EP 490 DI 10.1016/B978-0-85709-801-6.00019-8 PG 24 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC0DI UT WOS:000348925600019 ER PT J AU Hudson, KA Hudson, ME AF Hudson, Karen A. Hudson, Matthew E. TI A Classification of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors of Soybean SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR; SHADE-AVOIDANCE-RESPONSE; BHLH PROTEIN; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FACTOR FAMILY; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GENOME-WIDE; CHLOROPHYLL BIOSYNTHESIS; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; FREEZING TOLERANCE AB The complete genome sequence of soybean allows an unprecedented opportunity for the discovery of the genes controlling important traits. In particular, the potential functions of regulatory genes are a priority for analysis. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors is known to be involved in controlling a wide range of systems critical for crop adaptation and quality, including photosynthesis, light signalling, pigment biosynthesis, and seed pod development. Using a hidden Markov model search algorithm, 319 genes with basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor domains were identified within the soybean genome sequence. These were classified with respect to their predicted DNA binding potential, intron/exon structure, and the phylogeny of the bHLH domain. Evidence is presented that the vast majority (281) of these 319 soybean bHLH genes are expressed at the mRNA level. Of these soybean bHLH genes, 67% were found to exist in two or more homeologous copies. This dataset provides a framework for future studies on bHLH gene function in soybean. The challenge for future research remains to define functions for the bHLH factors encoded in the soybean genome, which may allow greater flexibility for genetic selection of growth and environmental adaptation in this widely grown crop. C1 [Hudson, Karen A.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hudson, Matthew E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hudson, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, 915 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM karen.hudson@ars.usda.gov RI Hudson, Matthew/A-4438-2008 OI Hudson, Matthew/0000-0002-4737-0936 FU USDA-ARS Current Research Information System [3602-21000-006-00D]; United Soybean Board Grant [1279] FX Funding for this work was provided through the USDA-ARS Current Research Information System 3602-21000-006-00D to Karen A. Hudson and by the United Soybean Board Grant no. 1279 to Matthew E. Hudson. The authors would like to thank Dr. J. Schlueter for data on soybean duplicated genes and Christina Fliege for help in converting alignment images to text for HMM generation. NR 63 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 2314-436X EI 2314-4378 J9 INT J GENOMICS JI Int. J. Genomics PY 2015 AR 603182 DI 10.1155/2015/603182 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CC1TA UT WOS:000350125400001 ER PT J AU Zhang, R Qu, JJ Liu, YQ Hao, XJ Huang, CQ Zhan, XW AF Zhang, Rui Qu, John J. Liu, Yongqiang Hao, Xianjun Huang, Chengquan Zhan, Xiwu TI Detection of burned areas from mega-fires using daily and historical MODIS surface reflectance SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; TIME-SERIES; ALGORITHM; TRANSPORT; INDEXES; IMAGERY; TRENDS AB The detection and mapping of burned areas from wildland fires is one of the most important approaches for evaluating the impacts of fire events. In this study, a novel burned area detection algorithm for rapid response applications using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 500 m surface reflectance data was developed. Spectra from bands 5 and 6, the composite indices of the Normalized Burn Ratio, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index were employed as indicators to discover burned pixels. Historical statistical data were used to provide pre-fire baseline information. Differences in the current (post-fire) and historical (pre-fire) data were input into a support vector machine classifier, and the fire-affected pixels were detected and mapped by the support vector machine classification process. Compared with the existing MODIS level 3 monthly burned area product MCD45, the new algorithm is able to generate burned area maps on a daily basis when new data become available, which is more applicable to rapid response scenarios when major fire incidents occur. The algorithm was tested in three mega-fire cases that occurred in the continental USA. The experimental results were validated against the fire perimeter database generated by the Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination Group and were compared with the MCD45 product. The validation results indicated that the algorithm was effective in detecting burned areas caused by mega-fires. C1 [Zhang, Rui; Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Qu, John J.; Hao, Xianjun] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Global Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Liu, Yongqiang] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zhan, Xiwu] NESDIS NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Zhang, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM zhangrui@umd.edu RI Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010; Hao, Xianjun/F-7253-2016; Hao, Xianjun/C-9543-2011 OI Hao, Xianjun/0000-0002-8186-6839; Hao, Xianjun/0000-0002-8186-6839 FU USA Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 11172] FX This study was supported by the USA Joint Fire Science Program [Agreement No. JFSP 11172]. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2015 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1167 EP 1187 DI 10.1080/01431161.2015.1007256 PG 21 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CB9XN UT WOS:000349987700012 ER PT J AU Ali, A Tabanca, N Ozek, G Ozek, T Aytac, Z Bernier, UR Agramonte, NM Baser, KHC Khan, IA AF Ali, Abbas Tabanca, Nurhayat Ozek, Gulmira Ozek, Temel Aytac, Zeki Bernier, Ulrich R. Agramonte, Natasha M. Baser, K. Husnu Can Khan, Ikhlas A. TI Essential Oils of Echinophora lamondiana (Apiales: Umbelliferae): A Relationship Between Chemical Profile and Biting Deterrence and Larvicidal Activity Against Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Echinophora lamondiana; biting deterrent; repellent; larvicide; mosquito ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; REPELLENTS; CONSTITUENTS AB The essential oils from the flower, leaf, and stem of Echinophora lamondiana B. Yildiz et Z. Bahcecioglu were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In total, 41, 37, and 44 compounds were identified, which accounted for 98.0, 99.1, and 97.0% of flower, leaf, and stem essential oils, respectively. The monoterpenic hydrocarbons were found to be high in all samples of the essential oils. The major components of essential oils from flower, leaf, and stem of Echinophora lamondiana were delta-3-carene (61.9, 75.0, and 65.9%, respectively), alpha-phellandrene (20.3, 14.1, and 12.8%, respectively), and terpinolene (2.7, 3.3, and 2.9%, respectively). Flower and leaf essential oils and terpinolene produced biting deterrence similar to 25 nmol/cm(2) N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET; 97%) against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say. Compounds (+)-delta-3-carene, (R)-(-)-alpha-phellandrene, and water-distilled essential oils were significantly less repellent than DEET. Among essential oils, leaf oil was the least toxic of the oils, with an LC50 value of 138.3 ppm, whereas flower essential oil killed only 32% larvae, and no mortality of stem oil at highest tested dosages against Ae aegypti was observed. Terpinolene and alpha-phellandrene showed higher toxicity than delta-3-carene in both the species. In contrast to Ae. aegypti, all the essential oils showed toxicity in An. quadrimaculatus, and toxicity was higher in leaf oil than the other two oils. These results could be useful in finding new, safe, and more effective natural biopesticides and biting deterrent or repellents against Ae. aegypti. C1 [Ali, Abbas; Tabanca, Nurhayat; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Ozek, Gulmira; Ozek, Temel; Baser, K. Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Aytac, Zeki] Gazi Univ, Fac Sci & Letters, Dept Biol, TR-06500 Ankara, Turkey. [Bernier, Ulrich R.; Agramonte, Natasha M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Agramonte, Natasha M.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Baser, K. Husnu Can] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] King Saud Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. RP Ali, A (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. EM aali@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008 FU USDA-ARS [56-6402-1-612]; Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant - U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX This study was supported, in part, by USDA-ARS grant 56-6402-1-612 and Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. We thank Dr. James J. Becnel, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL, for supplying mosquito eggs. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 52 IS 1 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1093/jme/tju014 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA CC0KF UT WOS:000350023600013 PM 26336285 ER PT J AU Pechal, JL Benbow, ME Tomberlin, JK Crippen, TL Tarone, AM Singh, B Lenhart, PA AF Pechal, Jennifer L. Benbow, M. Eric Tomberlin, Jeffery K. Crippen, Tawni L. Tarone, Aaron M. Singh, Baneshwar Lenhart, Paul A. TI Field Documentation of Unusual Post-Mortem Arthropod Activity on Human Remains SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arthropod; unusual post-mortem feeding; human remains; forensic science; wound misinterpretation ID SUCCESSION PATTERNS; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; FIRE ANT; CARRION; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE AB During a forensic investigation, the presence of physical marks on human remains can influence the interpretation of events related to the death of an individual. Some tissue injury on human remains can be misinterpreted as ante- or peri-mortem wounds by an investigator when in reality the markings resulted from post-mortem arthropod activity. Unusual entomological data were collected during a study examining the decomposition of a set of human remains in San Marcos, Texas. An adult female Pediodectes haldemani (Girard) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) and an Armadillidium cf. vulgare (Isopoda: Armadilidiidae) were documented feeding on the remains. Both arthropods produced physical marks or artifacts on the remains that could be misinterpreted as attack, abuse, neglect, or torture. Additionally, red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), were observed constructing structures in the mark produced by the Pediodectes haldemani feeding. These observations provide insight into the potential of post-mortem arthropod damage to human remains, which previously had not been described for these taxa, and therefore, physical artifacts on any remains found in similar circumstances may result from arthropod activity and not ante-or peri-mortem wounds. C1 [Pechal, Jennifer L.; Benbow, M. Eric] Univ Dayton, Dept Biol, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Tomberlin, Jeffery K.; Tarone, Aaron M.; Singh, Baneshwar; Lenhart, Paul A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Crippen, Tawni L.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Pechal, JL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, 243 Nat Sci Bld, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM pechalje@msu.edu OI Tarone, Aaron/0000-0003-0965-7634 FU Department of Entomology at Texas A&M University and Texas A&M University AgriLife Research; National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice [2010-DN- BX-K243] FX We would like to thank the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State (FACTS) in San Marcos, TX for use of their facilities and support by their staff. We would like to thank the donors to the FACTS facility without whose generous gifts we could not perform this type of research. A posthumous acknowledgment and thanks to P. Flanagan for space and hospitality during the writing of this manuscript. JKT and AMT are funded by the Department of Entomology at Texas A&M University and Texas A&M University AgriLife Research. This project was also funded (TLC, AMT, MEB, JKT), in part, by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice through Grant 2010-DN- BX-K243. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 52 IS 1 BP 105 EP 108 DI 10.1093/jme/tju012 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA CC0KF UT WOS:000350023600015 PM 26336287 ER PT J AU Codling, EE Chaney, RL Green, CE AF Codling, E. E. Chaney, R. L. Green, C. E. TI ACCUMULATION OF LEAD AND ARSENIC BY CARROTS GROWN ON LEAD-ARSENATE CONTAMINATED ORCHARD SOILS SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE orchard; lead-arsenate; carrots; lead; arsenic ID DRINKING-WATER; NORTHERN CHILE; VEGETABLES; RESIDUES; BIOAVAILABILITY; PHOSPHORUS; BANGLADESH; CADMIUM; HUMANS; COPPER AB Concerns have been raised of possible human food chain transfer of lead and arsenic from crops grown on orchard soils with histories of lead arsenate use. The objective of this study was to determine arsenic and lead uptake by three cultivars of carrots grown on four orchard soils with histories of lead arsenate use. Total concentrations of arsenic and lead in these soils ranged from 93 to 291 and from 350 to 961 mg kg(-1) for arsenic and lead, respectively. Arsenic in peeled carrot ranged from 0.38 to 1.64 mg kg(-1), while lead ranged from 2.67 to 7.3 mg kg(-1) dry weight. This study demonstrated that carrots will accumulate arsenic and lead in the root, which may become a human health risk when consumed. However, further studies are needed to determine what fraction of arsenic and lead in these carrots are bioavailable to humans when consumed. C1 [Codling, E. E.; Chaney, R. L.; Green, C. E.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Codling, EE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eton.codling@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 EI 1532-4087 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2015 VL 38 IS 4 BP 509 EP 525 DI 10.1080/01904167.2014.934477 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CC0AT UT WOS:000349997900003 ER PT J AU Cannon, SB McKain, MR Harkess, A Nelson, MN Dash, S Deyholos, MK Peng, YH Joyce, B Stewart, CN Rolf, M Kutchan, T Tan, XM Chen, C Zhang, Y Carpenter, E Wong, GKS Doyle, JJ Leebens-Mack, J AF Cannon, Steven B. McKain, Michael R. Harkess, Alex Nelson, Matthew N. Dash, Sudhansu Deyholos, Michael K. Peng, Yanhui Joyce, Blake Stewart, Charles N., Jr. Rolf, Megan Kutchan, Toni Tan, Xuemei Chen, Cui Zhang, Yong Carpenter, Eric Wong, Gane Ka-Shu Doyle, Jeff J. Leebens-Mack, Jim TI Multiple Polyploidy Events in the Early Radiation of Nodulating and Nonnodulating Legumes SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE nodulation; polyploidy; legume; symbiotic nitrogen fixation; Papilionoideae; Mimosoideae ID PEANUT ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; ANCESTRAL POLYPLOIDY; GENOME DUPLICATIONS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; LOTUS-JAPONICUS; EVOLUTION; DIVERSIFICATION; ANGIOSPERMS; SEQUENCE; GENE AB Unresolved questions about evolution of the large and diverse legume family include the timing of polyploidy (wholegenome duplication; WGDs) relative to the origin of themajor lineages within the Fabaceae and to the origin of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Previous work has established that a WGD affects most lineages in the Papilionoideae and occurred sometime after the divergence of the papilionoid and mimosoid clades, but the exact timing has been unknown. The history of WGD has also not been established for legume lineages outside the Papilionoideae. We investigated the presence and timing of WGDs in the legumes by querying thousands of phylogenetic trees constructed from transcriptome and genome data from 20 diverse legumes and 17 outgroup species. The timing of duplications in the gene trees indicates that the papilionoid WGD occurred in the common ancestor of all papilionoids. The earliest diverging lineages of the Papilionoideae include both nodulating taxa, such as the genistoids (e.g., lupin), dalbergioids (e.g., peanut), phaseoloids (e.g., beans), and galegoids (= Hologalegina, e.g., clovers), and clades with nonnodulating taxa including Xanthocercis and Cladrastis (evaluated in this study). We also found evidence for several independent WGDs near the base of other major legume lineages, including the Mimosoideae-Cassiinae-Caesalpinieae (MCC), Detarieae, and Cercideae clades. Nodulation is found in the MCC and papilionoid clades, both of which experienced ancestral WGDs. However, there are numerous nonnodulating lineages in both clades, making it unclear whether the phylogenetic distribution of nodulation is due to independent gains or a single origin followed by multiple losses. C1 [Cannon, Steven B.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McKain, Michael R.; Harkess, Alex; Leebens-Mack, Jim] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McKain, Michael R.; Rolf, Megan; Kutchan, Toni] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Nelson, Matthew N.] Univ Western Australia, UWA Inst Agr, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Nelson, Matthew N.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Dash, Sudhansu] Iowa State Univ, Virtual Real Applicat Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Deyholos, Michael K.; Carpenter, Eric; Wong, Gane Ka-Shu] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Peng, Yanhui; Joyce, Blake; Stewart, Charles N., Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Tan, Xuemei; Chen, Cui; Zhang, Yong; Wong, Gane Ka-Shu] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Wong, Gane Ka-Shu] Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Doyle, Jeff J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, LH Bailey Hortorium, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Cannon, SB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM steven.cannon@ars.usda.gov RI Nelson, Matthew/A-1421-2008; Wong, Gane Ka-Shu/G-5784-2013; Kutchan, Toni/L-4625-2013 OI Nelson, Matthew/0000-0001-6766-4117; Wong, Gane Ka-Shu/0000-0001-6108-5560; FU 1000 Plants (1KP) initiative; Alberta Ministry of Innovation and Advanced Education; Alberta Innovates Technology Futures (AITF) Innovates Centres of Research Excellence (iCORE); Musea Ventures; BGI-Shenzhen; National Science Foundation [DEB 0830009, IOS 0922742, IOS 0822258, DEB 1257522]; NIH [1R01DA025197-02] FX This work was funded in part by The 1000 Plants (1KP) initiative, led by G.K.S.W. The 1KP initiative is funded by the Alberta Ministry of Innovation and Advanced Education, Alberta Innovates Technology Futures (AITF) Innovates Centres of Research Excellence (iCORE), Musea Ventures, and BGI-Shenzhen. This work was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation grants DEB 0830009 and IOS 0922742 to J.L.-M., IOS 0822258 to J.J.D. and S.B.C., DEB 1257522 to J.J.D., and NIH 1R01DA025197-02 to T.K. The authors thank Pam and Doug Soltis and Nicholas Miles for help in coordinating species selection and for manuscript comments, Mark Chase for contribution of the Quillaja sequence, Haibo Liu, David Hufnagel, and Wei Huang for assistance in evaluating phylogenetic tree patterns, and Nathan Weeks for IT support. They also thank Naim Matasci and the iPlant Collaborative for hosting their data. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Author contributions are as follows: Analysis, writing, and conceptualization: S.B.C., M.R.M., A.H., J.L.-M., J.J.D.; computing support and analysis: S.D.; contribution of data sets: S.B.C., M.K.D., M.N.N., M.R., T.K., Y.P., B.J., C.N.S.; project support: G.K.S.W., E.C.; and sequencing and transcriptome assembly: Y.Z., X.T., C.C. NR 61 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 9 U2 31 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0737-4038 EI 1537-1719 J9 MOL BIOL EVOL JI Mol. Biol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 32 IS 1 BP 193 EP 210 DI 10.1093/molbev/msu296 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CC0TR UT WOS:000350050200018 PM 25349287 ER PT B AU Na, HR Manno, JP Sonnenfeld, DA Heisler, GM AF Na, Hang Ryeol Manno, Jack P. Sonnenfeld, David A. Heisler, Gordon M. BE Harris, PG Lang, G TI Governance of forests Regional institutions in East Asia SO ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY IN ASIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOUTHEAST-ASIA; PARTNERSHIPS; TRADE; APEC C1 [Na, Hang Ryeol] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Manno, Jack P.; Sonnenfeld, David A.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY USA. [Sonnenfeld, David A.] Wageningen Univ, Environm Policy Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Heisler, Gordon M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Na, HR (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-77486-2; 978-0-415-65985-7 PY 2015 BP 303 EP 320 PG 18 WC Area Studies; Environmental Studies SC Area Studies; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BB9RC UT WOS:000348575900018 ER PT J AU Riley, RT Miller, JD AF Riley, Ronald T. Miller, J. David TI The Statement That Some Ochratoxins Are "... classified as human carcinogens" Is Not Accurate SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Letter C1 [Riley, Ronald T.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Miller, J. David] Carleton Univ, Dept Chem, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. RP Riley, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM ron.riley@ars.usda.gov; David.Miller@carleton.ca NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 143 IS 1 BP 2 EP 2 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfu214 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA CC1LH UT WOS:000350101700001 PM 25538266 ER PT J AU Park, B Seo, Y Yoon, SC Hinton, A Windham, WR Lawrence, KC AF Park, B. Seo, Y. Yoon, S. C. Hinton, A., Jr. Windham, W. R. Lawrence, K. C. TI HYPERSPECTRAL MICROSCOPE IMAGING METHODS TO CLASSIFY GRAM-POSITIVE AND GRAM-NEGATIVE FOODBORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Acousto-optic tunable filter; Bacteria detection; Foodborne pathogen; Hyperspectral; Microscopy; Salmonella; Serotype; Staphylococcus ID LINEAR DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; SALMONELLA; SEROGROUPS; DISTANCE; FOODS AB An acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF)-based hyperspectral microscope imaging (HMI) method has potential for rapid identification of foodborne pathogenic bacteria from micro-colonies with a cell level. In this study, we successfully developed a method to acquire quality hyperspectral microscopic images from various gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria live cells. Among the contiguous spectral images from the visible/NIR region between 450 and 800 nm, the scattering intensity of spectral images was distinct at mostly visible wavelengths. Specifically, the scattering peak intensity was distinct at 458, 498, 522, 546, 574, 590, 646, 670, and 690 nm for Staphylococcus. Similarly, distinct peak spectra were observed at 462, 498, 522, 546, 574, 598, 642, 670, and 690 nm for Salmonella. For both cases, the scattering intensity of outer cell membranes was brighter than that of inner membranes except at 546 nm, which was possibly caused by excitation of the metal-halide lighting source. The scattering intensity from a single cell varied with the wavelength as well as the type of bacteria. The overall variability of intensity was 31.2% for gram-negative (Salmonella) and 42.7% for gram-positive (Staphylococcus) bacteria. With scattering intensity data from five serotypes of Salmonella (Kentucky, Enteritidis, Typhimurium, Infantis, and Heidelberg) and five species of Staphylococcus (aureus, haemolyticus, hyicus, simulans, and sciuri) bacterial cells, a classification accuracy of 99.9% with a kappa coefficient of 0.9998 was obtained from the support vector machine (SVM) classification algorithm. C1 [Park, B.; Seo, Y.; Yoon, S. C.; Hinton, A., Jr.; Windham, W. R.; Lawrence, K. C.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. RP Park, B (reprint author), Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677,950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM bosoon.park@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute for Hometown Security (KCU) [01-09-UK] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Sun Choi, Dr. Nasreen Bano, Jerrie Barnett, and Matthew Eady of the USDA-ARS Quality and Safety Assessment Research Unit in Athens, Georgia, for their assistant for this research. This project is partially supported by the National Institute for Hometown Security (KCU No. 01-09-UK). NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 27 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1 BP 5 EP 16 DI 10.13031/trans.58.10832 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CC2AG UT WOS:000350146200001 ER PT J AU Shen, Y Zhu, H AF Shen, Y. Zhu, H. TI EMBEDDED COMPUTER-CONTROLLED PREMIXING INLINE INJECTION SYSTEM FOR AIR-ASSISTED VARIABLE-RATE SPRAYERS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Automatic control; Inline injection; Metering pump; Pesticide; Precision agriculture ID PESTICIDE APPLICATION; FLOW AB Improvements to reduce chemical waste and environmental pollution for variable-rate sprayers used in orchards and ornamental nurseries require inline injection techniques. A microprocessor-controlled premixing inline injection system implementing a ceramic piston chemical metering pump and two small transition tanks was developed for air-assisted variable-rate sprayers. Unlike conventional direct inline injection systems that inject chemical concentrates into the delivery lines, this system first dispensed specific amounts of water and chemical concentrates into a mixing chamber and then agitated the mixture in a transition (or premixing) tank. The mixture was then transferred into a second transition (or buffer) tank for the spray pump to discharge. This process was repeated when the buffer tank neared empty. The mixture in the buffer tank was maintained at a constant concentration that allowed the sprayer to discharge a wide dynamic range of variable-rate outputs with a consistent concentration for every nozzle. An embedded computer with a touch screen monitor allowed operators to interface with the injection system. The metering pump accuracy was verified with three simulated pesticides (water, prime oil, and milk). Mixture uniformity consistency was tested with five different viscous simulated pesticides (sucrose solutions) at viscosities ranging from 0.9 to 31.3 mPa.s. Test results confirmed that the metering pump accurately dispensed the simulated pesticides at different pump speeds, and the premixing inline injection system provided consistent concentrations of spray mixtures at the spray pump outlet. The new system avoided lag time, inconsistent spray mixture concentrations, and inaccurate metering of chemical concentrates at low flow rates associated with conventional direct inline injection systems and can further improve spray application efficiency for variable-rate precision sprayers. C1 [Shen, Y.] Jiangsu Univ, Coll Elect & Informat Engn, Zhenjiang, Peoples R China. [Shen, Y.; Zhu, H.] ARS, USDA, ATRU, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ATRU, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2009-51181-06002]; J. Frank Schmidt Family Charitable Foundation FX The authors acknowledge invaluable technical assistance from Adam Clark, Barry Nudd, Keith Williams, Travis Arnold, and Hengyu Liu. We are also grateful to the funds provided by the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative (Grant No. 2009-51181-06002) and the J. Frank Schmidt Family Charitable Foundation. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.13031/trans.58.11037 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CC2AG UT WOS:000350146200004 ER PT J AU Meeks, JC Wagner, LE Maghirang, RG Tatarko, J Bloedow, N AF Meeks, J. C. Wagner, L. E. Maghirang, R. G. Tatarko, J. Bloedow, N. TI FUGITIVE DUST EMISSIONS FROM OFF-ROAD VEHICLE MANEUVERS ON MILITARY TRAINING LANDS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Particulate matter; Soil; Wind erosion ID SOIL; VEGETATION; EROSION AB Off-road vehicle training can contribute to air quality degradation because of increased wind erosion as a result of soil disruption during high wind events. However, limited information exists regarding the impacts of off-road vehicle maneuvering on wind erosion potential of soils. This study was conducted to determine the effects of soil texture and intensity of training with off-road vehicles on fugitive dust emission potential due to wind erosion at military training installations. Multi-pass military vehicle trafficking experiments involving wheeled and tracked vehicles were conducted at three military training facilities (Fort Riley, Kansas; Fort Benning, Georgia; and Yakima Training Center, Washington) with different vegetative conditions and soil textures. The top 6 cm of soil was collected with minimum disturbance into trays and tested in a laboratory wind tunnel for dust emission potential. In wind tunnel testing, the amount of emitted dust was measured using a Grimm aerosol spectrometer. The dust emission potential due to wind erosion was significantly influenced by soil texture, vehicle type, and number of passes. For the light wheeled vehicle, total dust emissions (<20 mu m) increased by 357% and 868% for 10 and 50 passes, respectively, from the undisturbed soil condition. For the tracked vehicle, an average increase in total dust emissions (<20 mu m) of 569% was observed between undisturbed soil and one pass, with no significant increase in emission potential beyond one pass. For the heavy wheeled vehicle, evaluated only at Yakima, emissions (<20 mu m) increased by 2,108% and 5,276% for 10 and 20 passes, respectively, from the undisturbed soil condition. Soil texture also played an important role in dust emission potential. For all treatment effects with the light wheeled vehicle, there was a 1,396% increase in emissions (<20 mu m) on loamy sand soil over silty clay loam soil. C1 [Meeks, J. C.; Maghirang, R. G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wagner, L. E.; Tatarko, J.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Bloedow, N.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Wagner, LE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM larry.wagner@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1 BP 49 EP 60 DI 10.13031/trans.58.10428 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CC2AG UT WOS:000350146200005 ER PT J AU Williams, MR King, KW Dayton, E LaBarge, GA AF Williams, M. R. King, K. W. Dayton, E. LaBarge, G. A. TI SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF THE OHIO PHOSPHORUS RISK INDEX SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE BMPs; Monte Carlo simulation; Nutrient management; Prediction; Water quality ID SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; MANAGEMENT; DRAINAGE; LOSSES; WATERS; TOOL; NUTRIENT; REMOVAL; RUNOFF; STATES AB The Phosphorus (P) Index is a widely used tool for assessing the vulnerability of agricultural fields to P loss. This study is focused on the Ohio P Index, which was developed in the mid-1990s and has yet to be evaluated or revised. The objective of the study was to complete a stochastic sensitivity analysis of the Ohio P Index in order to determine the input variables to which the P Index score is most sensitive and identify variables for which future research and development are needed. Input variable probability distributions were created using the best available data from five agricultural watersheds in Ohio. Monte Carlo simulation was then used to generate 10,000 iterations of the P Index score based on the input variable probability distributions for each watershed. Results showed that three variables (connectivity to water, runoff class, soil-test P) explained 78% to 81% of the variance in the P Index score. Phosphorus application rate, P application method, soil erosion, and filter strip variables each explained <10% of the variability. Findings suggest that the structure of the Ohio P Index may not accurately account for the interrelationship between source and transport variables, and current input variable weightings may not provide any incentive for producers to modify management practices. Differences in input variable sensitivities among watersheds also suggest that a watershed P Index, rather than a statewide P Index, may yield better predictions of a field's risk of P loss by placing an emphasis on variables and practices that are relevant in individual watersheds. To increase the predictive capability of the Ohio P Index, it is recommended that (1) the structure of the P Index be changed from additive to multiplicative, (2) input variable weights be re-evaluated to ensure that implementation of management practices is accurately reflected in the P Index score, and (3) additional input variables, including subsurface drainage, be considered for inclusion in the P Index. C1 [Williams, M. R.; King, K. W.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dayton, E.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [LaBarge, G. A.] Ohio State Univ, Marion, OH USA. RP Williams, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM mark.williams2@ars.usda.gov RI LaBarge, Greg/C-5921-2017 FU NRCS Conservation Innovation Grant [69-3A75-12-231] FX The authors are grateful to Bret Bacon of the Delaware (Ohio) Soil and Water Conservation District for his GIS support throughout this study. This research was conducted in association with NRCS Conservation Innovation Grant 69-3A75-12-231. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1 BP 93 EP 102 DI 10.13031/trans.58.10778 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CC2AG UT WOS:000350146200009 ER PT J AU Cortus, EL Al Mamun, MRH Spiehs, MJ Ayadi, FY Doran, BE Kohl, KD Pohl, S Cortus, SD Stowell, R Nicolai, R AF Cortus, E. L. Al Mamun, M. R. H. Spiehs, M. J. Ayadi, F. Y. Doran, B. E. Kohl, K. D. Pohl, S. Cortus, S. D. Stowell, R. Nicolai, R. TI SITE, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND AIRFLOW CHARACTERISTICS FOR MONO-SLOPE BEEF CATTLE FACILITIES IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Airflow; Cattle housing; Natural; Ventilation; Wind speed ID NATURALLY VENTILATED DAIRY; GASEOUS EMISSIONS; BUILDINGS; BARNS; AMMONIA; HOUSES; RATES AB In conjunction with an emission monitoring study, long-term airflow and environmental data were collected from select pens in each of four regional producer owned and operated mono-slope beef cattle facilities in the Northern Great Plains. The barns were oriented east-west, with approximate depths of 30 m in the north-south dimension, 82 to 333 m widths in the east-west dimension, and south and north wall eave heights of 8 and 5 m, respectively. The north wall curtain openings were adjusted by the producers seasonally or daily, and classified as open (>1.5 m, mean +/- SD = 2.1 m +/- 0.1 m) or closed (<1.5 m, mean +/- SD = 0.6 m +/- 0.2 m). The temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity through the north and south wall openings were monitored at a fixed height near the center of the openings. On-site weather towers provided corresponding ambient temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity and direction data. The airflow was calculated as the product of the air velocity and opening area. The hourly mean airflows for the north and south wall openings were modeled as functions of perpendicular (to the barn opening) ambient air velocity (10 m height) and curtain opening. Theoretical airflows using the wind pressure coefficient method were also calculated. Based on comparisons between monitoring locations within an opening, north and south wall opening airflows, and measured versus theoretical values, greater confidence was given to airflow measurements for southerly airflow and open conditions. Airflow measurements for northerly flow and closed conditions were low compared to theoretical values. The uncertainties associated with the monitoring method are discussed, and the north wall opening airflow was deemed a reasonable measurement of airflow through the barn (i.e., for emission calculation purposes) for open and closed conditions. With a 5 m s(-1) south wind, there were approximately 10 to 70 air changes per hour (ACH) for closed conditions in the four barns, and 160 ACH with open curtains. The average relationships between airflow through the pen volume and ambient wind velocity were 7 and 33 ACH (m s(-1))(-1) for closed and open conditions, respectively. These data assist producers in management decisions, and are required for aerial pollutant estimation for this type of beef cattle facility in the Northern Great Plains. C1 [Cortus, E. L.; Al Mamun, M. R. H.; Ayadi, F. Y.; Pohl, S.; Cortus, S. D.; Nicolai, R.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Spiehs, M. J.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Doran, B. E.] Iowa State Univ Extens & Outreach, Extens Beef Program, Orange City, IA USA. [Kohl, K. D.] Iowa State Univ Extens & Outreach, Storm Lake, IA USA. [Stowell, R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Cortus, EL (reprint author), Box 2120, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM erin.cortus@sdstate.edu FU USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2010-85112-20510] FX This project was funded by the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (Competitive Grant No. 2010-85112-20510). The authors would like to thank the following people involved with this research project: our mono-slope barn beef producers and grant advisory committee; Steve Hoff, Iowa State University; Al Kruger, John Holman, and Todd Boman, USDA-ARS U.S. Meat Animal Research Center; and Corey Lanoue and Seth Spronk, South Dakota State University. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1 BP 123 EP 135 DI 10.13031/trans.58.10800 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CC2AG UT WOS:000350146200011 ER PT J AU Waldrip, HM Todd, RW Cole, NA AF Waldrip, H. M. Todd, R. W. Cole, N. A. TI CAN SURFACE-APPLIED ZEOLITE REDUCE AMMONIA LOSSES FROM FEEDYARD MANURE? A LABORATORY STUDY SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Ammonia; Ammonium; Beef cattle; Feedyard; Manure; Sorption; Zeolite ID UREASE INHIBITOR APPLICATION; BEEF-CATTLE FEEDYARD; SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; NATURAL ZEOLITES; CRUDE PROTEIN; EMISSIONS; NITROGEN; AMENDMENTS; DESORPTION; KINETICS AB Ammonia (NH3) emission from beef cattle feedyard manure results in losses of nitrogen (N), which may negatively affect air, soil, and water quality. The magnitude and rate of NH3 volatilization from feedyards partially depends on the amount of urinary urea excreted and dissociation of ammonium (NH4+) into NH3 following urea hydrolysis. Zeolite clinoptilolite is a naturally occurring, porous aluminosilicate mineral that can sorb and sequester cations within its negatively charged framework structure. Zeolite has been used to mitigate NH3 losses and improve fertilizer value of compost, sewage sludge, and manure in livestock barns; however, few studies have evaluated its efficacy on open-lot beef cattle feedyards. Zeolite application to pen surfaces could be a practical and cost-effective means of reducing NH3 losses. Objectives of this study were to (1) characterize NH4+ sorption by zeolites with differing physicochemical properties and (2) evaluate zeolite effects on rates and cumulative losses of NH3 following application of artificial urine to feedyard manure. Batch incubation studies with four commercially available zeolites revealed that NH4+ sorption by zeolite was rapid (1 to 2 h) with large differences in sorption potential largely related to zeolite pH. Maximum sorption ranged from 28 to 97 cmol NH4+-N kg(-1) zeolite. Effects of zeolite application rate [0.5% to 10.0% of manure dry matter (DM)] on sorption and desorption characteristics in a manure/artificial urine matrix were highly variable but tended to be proportional to zeolite application rate: as little as 0.5% zeolite increased NH4+-N recovery by up to 19%. In flow-through chamber studies, higher rates of zeolite did not reduce cumulative NH3 emissions, as 1.0% zeolite reduced cumulative NH3 emission by 42% and 5.0% zeolite reduced N losses by only 18% compared to unamended manure. Surface application of zeolite has potential for mitigating feedyard NH3 losses, but specific zeolite properties influenced its effectiveness. Further studies are warranted to evaluate effects of repeated zeolite application, co-application of zeolite and urease inhibitors, and cost: benefit ratios of zeolite application at commercial feedyards. C1 [Waldrip, H. M.; Todd, R. W.; Cole, N. A.] ARS, USDA, CPRL, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Waldrip, HM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CPRL, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM heidi.waldrip@ars.usda.gov FU Texas Cattle Feeders Association [58-6209-2-072] FX This project was partially supported by funding from Texas Cattle Feeders Association for Grant Project 58-6209-2-072: Controlling feedyard ammonia emissions with surface-applied natural zeolite clinoptilolite. The authors thank Heather Robbe (USDA-ARS, Bushland, Texas) and Ricky Perry (formerly of West Texas A&M University, Canyon, Texas) for their technical assistance on this project. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.13031/trans.58.10965 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CC2AG UT WOS:000350146200012 ER PT J AU Mathias, SA Skaggs, TH Quinn, SA Egan, SNC Finch, LE Oldham, CD AF Mathias, Simon A. Skaggs, Todd H. Quinn, Simon A. Egan, Sorcha N. C. Finch, Lucy E. Oldham, Corinne D. TI A soil moisture accounting-procedure with a Richards' equation-based soil texture-dependent parameterization SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE soil texture; unsaturated flow; recharge; Richards' equation; zero-flux-plane; plant uptake ID CHALK UNSATURATED ZONE; RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; UNGAUGED CATCHMENTS; WATER; FLOW; SIMULATION; UNCERTAINTY; SENSITIVITY; COMPLEXITY AB Given a time series of potential evapotranspiration and rainfall data, there are at least two approaches for estimating vertical percolation rates. One approach involves solving Richards' equation (RE) with a plant uptake model. An alternative approach involves applying a simple soil moisture accounting procedure (SMAP) based on a set of conceptual stores and conditional statements. It is often desirable to parameterize distributed vertical percolation models using regional soil texture maps. This can be achieved using pedotransfer functions when applying RE. However, robust soil texture based parameterizations for more simple SMAPs have not previously been available. This article presents a new SMAP designed to emulate the response of a one-dimensional homogenous RE model. Model parameters for 231 different soil textures are obtained by calibrating the SMAP model to 20 year time series from equivalent RE model simulations. The results are then validated by comparing to an additional 13 years of simulated RE model data. The resulting work provides a new simple two parameter (% sand and % silt) SMAP, which provides consistent vertical percolation data as compared to RE based models. Results from the 231 numerical simulations are also found to be qualitatively consistent with intuitive ideas concerning soil texture and soil moisture dynamics. Vertical percolation rates are found to be highest in sandy soils. Sandy soils are found to provide less water for evapotranspiration. Surface runoff is found to be more important in soils with high clay content. C1 [Mathias, Simon A.; Egan, Sorcha N. C.; Finch, Lucy E.; Oldham, Corinne D.] Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Durham, England. [Skaggs, Todd H.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. [Quinn, Simon A.] AMEC Environm & Infrastruct, London, England. RP Mathias, SA (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Durham, England. EM s.a.mathias@durham.ac.uk NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 506 EP 523 DI 10.1002/2014WR016144 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA CB8OO UT WOS:000349889800028 ER PT J AU Webster, TM Grey, TL AF Webster, Theodore M. Grey, Timothy L. TI Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Morphology, Growth, and Seed Production in Georgia SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fecundity; herbicide resistance; pigweed; soil seedbank ID SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; EMERGENCE DATE; INTERFERENCE; FECUNDITY; MANAGEMENT; RUDIS; PREDATION; ARKANSAS; TILLAGE; COTTON AB Herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth has become the most economically detrimental weed of cotton in the southeast United States. With the continual marginalization of potential herbicide tools, research has expanded to include alternative means of affecting future Palmer amaranth populations by altering safe sites and reducing inputs to the seedbank population. The influence of delayed Palmer amaranth establishment on seed production potential has not been investigated in the southeast United States. Studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of time of Palmer amaranth establishment on morphology, growth, and seed production. The experiment was a factorial, with five levels of Palmer amaranth transplanting (0 to 12 wk after cotton planting) and two levels of crop type (cotton and noncrop). In the absence of crop competition, the first cohort of Palmer amaranth produced 446,000 seeds per plant. This potential seed production was reduced 50% when Palmer amaranth plants were established nearly 6 wk later. In contrast, the first Palmer amaranth cohort growing in competition with cotton produced 312,000 seeds, 30% less than was produced in the absence of competition. Interference from cotton shifted time to 50% seed production to nearly 4 wk earlier in the growing season, relative to plants without crop competition. Delayed establishment of Palmer amaranth simulates premature loss of herbicide efficacy and alters the competitive balance between cotton and Palmer amaranth. Although the planting time that resulted in 50% reduction in Palmer amaranth plant height at the end of the season was not affected by the presence of cotton, 50% reduction in plant width and biomass occurred within the first 3.8 wk of the growing season when growing with cotton, more than 4 wk earlier than Palmer amaranth growing without a crop. This suggests that early season weed control programs will have a large effect on Palmer amaranth potential growth and seed production, as well as crop yield. To implement soil seedbank reduction strategies effectively, information on mechanisms that regulate Palmer amaranth persistence in the soil seedbank is needed. Nomenclature: Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats. AMAPA; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. 'DP1050'. C1 [Webster, Theodore M.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Webster, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM ted.webster@ars.usda.gov RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 30 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2015 VL 63 IS 1 BP 264 EP 272 DI 10.1614/WS-D-14-00051.1 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CB7BW UT WOS:000349782100007 ER PT J AU Sheley, RL Sheley, JL Smith, BS AF Sheley, Roger L. Sheley, Jordan L. Smith, Brenda S. TI Economic Savings from Invasive Plant Prevention SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Economics; invasive plants; prevention ID UNITED-STATES; SPREAD; RANGELANDS; MANAGEMENT AB Prevention programs are often assumed to be the most cost-effective method for managing invasive plants. However, there is very little information available about economic and biological factors that determine the forage benefits resulting from prevention programs. We developed an easy to use economic model to assess potential savings in livestock forage that might result from implementing prevention programs. The model can be used to determine potential loss in forage production caused by invasive plants and to estimate potential income savings by preventing invasive plant infestations. The model compares a prediction of populations with and without a prevention program using a logistic growth function. Animal unit month (AUM) price and interest rates are the primary economic input variables. The primary biological input variables are amount of invasive plant utilization, size of the initial infestation, and the spread rate with and without prevention. Our model suggests that as the AUM price increases and/or the interest rate decreases, the total savings increases for each AUM that was protected through a prevention program. The model also shows savings per AUM increases as the size of the initial infestation decreases, suggesting that prevention should focus on eliminating seed sources and seed production early in the program. Using our model inputs, the savings per AUM was about $9.20 for each percent reduction in spread rate over 100 yr. C1 [Sheley, Roger L.; Sheley, Jordan L.; Smith, Brenda S.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Sheley, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM roger.sheley@oregonstate.edu NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2015 VL 63 IS 1 BP 296 EP 301 DI 10.1614/WS-D-14-00004.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CB7BW UT WOS:000349782100010 ER PT J AU Chas-Amil, ML Prestemon, JP McClean, CJ Touza, J AF Chas-Amil, M. L. Prestemon, J. P. McClean, C. J. Touza, J. TI Human-ignited wildfire patterns and responses to policy shifts SO APPLIED GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Wildfire risk; Spatial distribution; Urban development pressure; Deliberate-caused fires; Wildland-urban interface ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; FOREST-FIRES; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT; BIOPHYSICAL FACTORS; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; IBERIAN PENINSULA; SOUTHERN EUROPE; SPAIN AB Development of efficient forest wildfire policies requires an understanding of the underlying reasons behind forest fire occurrences. Globally, there is a close relationship between forest wildfires and human activities; most wildfires are human events due to negligence (e.g., agricultural burning escapes) and deliberate actions (e.g., vandalism, pyromania, revenge, land use change attempts). We model the risk of wildfire as a function of the spatial pattern of urban development and the abandonment/intensity of agricultural and forestry activities, while controlling for biophysical and climatic factors. We use a count data approach to model deliberately set fires in Galicia, N.W. Spain, where wildfire is a significant threat to forest ecosystems, with nearly 100,000 wildfires recorded during a thirteen-year period (1999-2011). The spatial units of analysis are more than 3600 parishes. Data for the human influences are derived from fine-resolution maps of wildland-urban interface (WUI), housing spatial arrangements, road density, forest ownership, and vegetation type. We found wildfire risk to be higher where there are human populations and development/urbanisation pressure, as well as in unattended forest areas due to both rural exodus and a fragmented forest ownership structure that complicates the profitability of forestry practices. To better help direct management efforts, parameter estimates from our model were used to predict wildfire counts under alternative scenarios that account for variation across space on future land-use conditions. Policies that incentivize cooperative forest management and that constrain urban development in wildlands at hotspot fire locations are shown to reduce wildfire risk. Our results highlight the need for spatially targeted fire management strategies. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chas-Amil, M. L.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Quantitat Econ, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. [Prestemon, J. P.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [McClean, C. J.; Touza, J.] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Chas-Amil, ML (reprint author), Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Quantitat Econ, Baixada Burgo Nac S-N, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. EM marisa.chas@usc.es; jprestemon@fs.ed.us; colin.mcclean@york.ac.uk; julia.touza@york.ac.uk OI Chas-Amil, Maria Luisa/0000-0001-7605-0424 NR 70 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-6228 EI 1873-7730 J9 APPL GEOGR JI Appl. Geogr. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 56 BP 164 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.11.025 PG 13 WC Geography SC Geography GA CB4DP UT WOS:000349578700018 ER PT J AU Perez, J Infante, F Poinar, G Castillo, A Vega, FE AF Perez, Jeanneth Infante, Francisco Poinar, George, Jr. Castillo, Alfredo Vega, Fernando E. TI Natural parasitism of Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi (Tylenchida: Allantonematidae) on the coffee berry borer in Chiapas, Mexico SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coffee berry borer; Hypothenemus; Metaparasitylenchus; Mexico ID HAMPEI FERRARI COLEOPTERA; CURCULIONIDAE; SCOLYTIDAE; NEMATODES AB We assessed the parasitism of Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi on its host, the coffee berry borer, in 20 coffee plantations of Mexico. A total of 23,568 adult borers were dissected, with 179 of these infected with nematodes (0.76% infection rate). Although the level of parasitism is not encouraging, the nematode is another natural enemy, which limits the population growth of this pest in Mexico. C1 [Perez, Jeanneth; Infante, Francisco; Castillo, Alfredo] El Colegio Frontera ECOSUR, Tapachula, Mexico. [Poinar, George, Jr.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvalis, OR USA. [Vega, Fernando E.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Perez, J (reprint author), El Colegio Frontera ECOSUR, Tapachula, Mexico. EM ejperez@ecosur.mx RI Alfredo, Castillo/B-5491-2016; OI Alfredo, Castillo/0000-0003-1452-0026; Infante, Francisco/0000-0002-7419-7606; Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2015 VL 25 IS 5 BP 608 EP 612 DI 10.1080/09583157.2014.991910 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA CB5AT UT WOS:000349640600010 ER PT J AU Challa, R Johnston, D Singh, V Tumbleson, M Rausch, K AF Challa, Ravi Johnston, David Singh, Vijay Tumbleson, Mike Rausch, Kent TI Fouling characteristics of model carbohydrate mixtures and their interaction effects SO FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Evaporation; Maize processing; Fouling; Thin stillage; Ethanol production; Biorefining ID THIN STILLAGE; HEAT-TRANSFER; STARCH; CORN; AMYLOSE; MAIZE AB Fouling resistances of carbohydrate mixtures were measured using an annular probe at bulk fluid temperature of 75 degrees C and initial probe surface temperature of 120 degrees C. Induction period, maximum fouling resistance and mean fouling rates were determined. Two experiments were performed with two varieties of starch (waxy and high amylose) and short chain carbohydrates, corn syrup solids and glucose. Interaction effects of glucose with starch varieties were studied. In the first experiment, short chain carbohydrates individual and interaction effects with starch were studied. Glucose and corn syrup solids showed no fouling, whereas starch, a long glucose polymer, showed marked fouling. Corn syrup solids and glucose mixed with pure starch decreased the mean fouling rates and maximum fouling resistances. Between corn syrup solids and glucose, starch fouling rates were reduced with addition of glucose. Induction periods of pure mixtures of either glucose or corn syrup solids were longer than the test period (5 h). Pure starch mixture had no induction period. Maximum fouling resistance was higher for mixtures with higher concentration of longer polymers. Waxy starch had a longer induction period than high amylose starch. Maximum fouling resistance was higher for waxy than high amylose starch. Addition of glucose to waxy or high amylose starch increased induction period of mixtures longer than 5 h test period. (C) 2014 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Challa, Ravi; Singh, Vijay; Tumbleson, Mike; Rausch, Kent] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Johnston, David] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Rausch, K (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 1304 West Penn Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM krausch@illinois.edu FU Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA [58-1935-0-094]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch project [ILLU-741-324] FX Work partially funded by a specific cooperative agreement (58-1935-0-094) with the Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA and by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch project number ILLU-741-324. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI RUGBY PA 165-189 RAILWAY TERRACE, DAVIS BLDG, RUGBY CV21 3HQ, ENGLAND SN 0960-3085 EI 1744-3571 J9 FOOD BIOPROD PROCESS JI Food Bioprod. Process. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 93 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.fbp.2014.09.008 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA CB2BN UT WOS:000349431800022 ER PT J AU Patil, VC Al-Gaadi, KA Madugundu, R Tola, EHM Marey, S Aldosari, A Biradar, CM Gowda, PH AF Patil, Virupakshagowda C. Al-Gaadi, Khalid A. Madugundu, Rangaswamy Tola, ElKamil H. M. Marey, Samy Aldosari, Ali Biradar, Chandrashekhar M. Gowda, Prasanna H. TI Assessing Agricultural Water Productivity in Desert Farming System of Saudi Arabia SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE ASTER image; center-pivot irrigation system; crop productivity; evapotranspiration; water use ID MONITORING IRRIGATION PERFORMANCE; NEURAL-NETWORK TECHNIQUES; SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; CROP YIELD; USE EFFICIENCY; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT; ALGORITHM; ALFALFA AB The primary objective of this study was to assess the water productivity (WP) of the annual (wheat, barley, and corn) and biennial (alfalfa and Rhodes grass) crops cultivated under center-pivot irrigation located over desert areas of the Al-Kharj region in Saudi Arabia. The Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) was applied to Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images to obtain evapotranspiration (ET) for assessing WP and irrigation performance (IP) of crops. Crop productivity (CP) was estimated using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) crop productivity models. The predicted CP (CPP) for corn varied from 12 690 to 14 060 kg/ha and from 6000 to 7370 kg/ha for wheat. The CPP for alfalfa and Rhodes grass was 42 450 and 58 210 (kg/ha/year), respectively. The highest predicted WP was observed in wheat (0.80-2.01 kg/m(3)) and the lowest was in alfalfa (0.38-0.46 kg/m(3)). The deviation between SEBAL predicted ET (ETP) and weather station recorded ET (ETW) was 10%. The performance of the prediction models was assessed against the measured data. The overall mean bias/error of the predictions of CP, ET, and WP was 9.4%,, and 9.65%, respectively; the root mean square error (RMSE) was 1996 (kg/ha), 2107 (m(3/)ha), and 0.09 (kg/m(3)) for CP, ET, and WP, respectively. When CP was converted into variations between the actual and predicted, the variations were 8% to 12% for wheat, 14% to 20% for corn, 17% to 35% for alfalfa, 3% to 38% for Rhodes grass, and 4% for barley. C1 [Patil, Virupakshagowda C.; Al-Gaadi, Khalid A.; Madugundu, Rangaswamy; Tola, ElKamil H. M.; Marey, Samy] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Agr Engn, Precis Agr Res Chair, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Aldosari, Ali] King Saud Univ, Coll Arts, Dept Geog, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Biradar, Chandrashekhar M.] Int Ctr Agr Res Dry Areas, Geoinformat Unit, Amman, Jordan. [Gowda, Prasanna H.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Patil, VC (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Agr Engn, Precis Agr Res Chair, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. EM vpatil@ksu.edu.sa; kgaadi@ksu.edu.sa; rmadugundu@ksu.edu.sa; etola@ksu.edu.sa; smarey@ksu.edu.sa; adosari@ksu.edu.sa; c.biradar@cgair.org; Prasanna.Gowda@ars.usda.gov RI Madugundu, Rangaswamy/N-9214-2013 OI Madugundu, Rangaswamy/0000-0002-5326-4785 FU NSTIP strategic technologies programs, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [11 SPA 1503-02] FX Manuscript received November 01, 2013; revised March 17, 2014; accepted April 17, 2014. Date of publication May 21, 2014; date of current version February 04, 2015. This work was supported by NSTIP strategic technologies programs, under Grant 11 SPA 1503-02 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 EI 2151-1535 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 284 EP 297 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2320592 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA CB3TB UT WOS:000349550400027 ER PT J AU Hengl, T Roudier, P Beaudette, D Pebesma, E AF Hengl, Tomislav Roudier, Pierre Beaudette, Dylan Pebesma, Edzer TI plotKML: Scientific Visualization of Spatio-Temporal Data SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE space-time objects; scientific visualization; R; KML; geostatistics ID GOOGLE-EARTH; PACKAGE AB plotKML is an R package that provides methods for writing the most common R spatial classes into KML files. It builds up on the existing XML parsing functionality (X M L package), and provides similar plotting functionality as the lattice package. Its main objective is to provide a simple interface to generate KML files with a small number of arguments, and allows users to visually explore spatio-temporal data available in R : points, polygons, gridded maps, trajectory-type data, vertical pro files, ground photographs, time series vector objects or raster images, along with the results of spatial analysis such as geostatistical mapping, spatial simulations of vector and gridded objects, optimized sampling designs, species distribution models and similar. A generic plotKML ( ) function automatically determines the parsing order and visualizes data directly from R; lower level functions can be combined to allow for new user-created visualization templates. In comparison to other packages writing KML, plotKML seems to be more object oriented, it links more closely to the existing R classes for spatio-temporal data (sp, spacetime and raster packages) than the alternatives, and provides users with the possibility to create their own templates. C1 [Hengl, Tomislav] ISRIC World Soil Informat, NL-6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands. [Beaudette, Dylan] USDA NRCS, Soil Sci Div, Washington, DC USA. [Pebesma, Edzer] Univ Munster, Munster, Germany. RP Hengl, T (reprint author), ISRIC World Soil Informat, POB 353, NL-6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands. EM tom.hengl@wur.nl OI Pebesma, Edzer/0000-0001-8049-7069; Hengl, Tomislav/0000-0002-9921-5129 NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 6 PU JOURNAL STATISTICAL SOFTWARE PI LOS ANGELES PA UCLA DEPT STATISTICS, 8130 MATH SCIENCES BLDG, BOX 951554, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1554 USA SN 1548-7660 J9 J STAT SOFTW JI J. Stat. Softw. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1 EP 25 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA CB7YQ UT WOS:000349845200001 ER PT J AU Roma-Burgos, N Duke, SO AF Roma-Burgos, Nilda Duke, Stephen O. TI Research Methods in Weed Science SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Roma-Burgos, Nilda] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Oxford, MS USA. RP Roma-Burgos, N (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PY 2015 VL 63 SI 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1614/wees-13-00-13.1 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CB7BQ UT WOS:000349781500001 ER PT J AU Dayan, FE Owens, DK Corniani, N Silva, FML Watson, SB Howell, J Shaner, DL AF Dayan, Franck E. Owens, Daniel K. Corniani, Natalia Lima Silva, Ferdinando Marcos Watson, Susan B. Howell, J'Lynn Shaner, Dale L. TI Biochemical Markers and Enzyme Assays for Herbicide Mode of Action and Resistance Studies SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Acetolactate synthase; acetyl-CoA carboxylase; cellulose biosynthesis; deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase; dihydropteroate synthase; herbicide resistance; mitosis; mode of action; molecular probe; photosystem I; photosystem II; p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase; phytoene desaturase; protoporphyrinogen oxidase; serine/threonine protein phosphatases; target site; very long chain fatty acid elongases ID COENZYME-A-CARBOXYLASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HIGHER-PLANTS; PROTOPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE; ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; 2-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; CHEMICAL MARKER; LEEK SEEDLINGS; COA ELONGATION; INHIBITION C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Owens, Daniel K.; Watson, Susan B.; Howell, J'Lynn] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Corniani, Natalia; Lima Silva, Ferdinando Marcos] Sao Paulo State Univ, Fac Agron Sci, BR-18610 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Shaner, Dale L.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Dayan, FE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM franck.dayan@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 85 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 11 U2 38 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PY 2015 VL 63 SI 1 BP 23 EP 63 DI 10.1614/WS-D-13-00063.1 PG 41 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CB7BQ UT WOS:000349781500004 ER PT J AU Duke, SO AF Duke, Stephen O. TI Proving Allelopathy in Crop-Weed Interactions SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COGONGRASS IMPERATA-CYLINDRICA; RICE ORYZA-SATIVA; ARTEMISIA-ANNUA; RESOURCE COMPETITION; PHYTOTOXINS; INTERFERENCE; SORGOLEONE; L.; CONSTITUENT; BIOASSAY C1 USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM Stephen.Duke@ars.usda.gov NR 66 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 51 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PY 2015 VL 63 SI 1 BP 121 EP 132 DI 10.1614/WS-D-13-00130.1 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CB7BQ UT WOS:000349781500008 ER PT J AU Nandula, VK Vencill, WK AF Nandula, Vijay K. Vencill, William K. TI Herbicide Absorption and Translocation in Plants using Radioisotopes SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HORSEWEED CONYZA-CANADENSIS; GLYPHOSATE RESISTANCE; LOLIUM-MULTIFLORUM; MISSISSIPPI; MECHANISM C1 [Nandula, Vijay K.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Nandula, VK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM vijay.nandula@ars.usda.gov RI Vencill, William/K-7748-2015 OI Vencill, William/0000-0001-7233-4534 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PY 2015 VL 63 SI 1 BP 140 EP 151 DI 10.1614/WS-D-13-00107.1 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CB7BQ UT WOS:000349781500010 ER PT J AU Oltjen, JW Gunter, SA AF Oltjen, J. W. Gunter, S. A. TI Managing the herbage utilisation and intake by cattle grazing rangelands SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ecological services; pasture; simulation models; vegetation indexes ID MIDGRASS PRAIRIE RANGELAND; FORAGE INTAKE; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; SAND SAGEBRUSH; STOCKING RATE; BEEF HEIFERS; SWARD HEIGHT; DIET QUALITY; SAGE GROUSE; DAIRY-COWS AB Rangelands throughout the world provide clean water, fix solar energy in plants, sequester carbon, and offer recreational opportunities, with other ecosystem goods and services, including food from wild and domestic herbivores. Grazing rangelands with cattle requires constant management to balance the economic sustainability of the farm with other ecological services that rangelands provide. The challenges in management arise from the diversity of the rangeland forage resources at extremely large spatial and temporal scales. To be able to predict the performance of cattle grazing in extensive rangeland environments, estimating herbage intake is paramount because it quantifies energy intake and performance. Nutrient demand is the major driver of herbage intake, and characteristics of the sward and terrain of the landscape dictate how this demand is met. System models that integrate changes in weather patterns and herbage over long periods of time will allow farmers and scientist to monitor changes in herbage mass and utilisation. Dynamic models that include herbage growth components sensitive to weather patterns and animal demands are needed to predict how long-term changes in beef herd management will affect performance and range condition. Vegetation indexes captured across biomes with satellites can accurately quantify the dynamics of aboveground net primary production and changes in nutritional value with confidence. The computer software, PCRANCH, is a program for simulating cow-calf herd dynamics over long periods of time. The models within the PCRANCH software can simulate herbage growth and animal utilisation at large spatial and temporal scales needed for rangeland management and allow ranchers to evaluate the impacts of management on other ecological services. Knowing the long-term impact of management changes on swards enable ranchers to anticipate the ecological and economic benefits of improvements or demonstrate a protection of current ecological services. C1 [Oltjen, J. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Anim Sci Dept, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gunter, S. A.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. RP Gunter, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, 2000 18th St, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM stacey.gunter@ars.usda.gov NR 115 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 35 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0939 EI 1836-5787 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2015 VL 55 IS 3 BP 397 EP 410 DI 10.1071/AN14602 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA CB3JQ UT WOS:000349524500015 ER PT J AU Bai, X Casey, FXM Hakk, H DeSutter, TM Oduor, PG Khan, E AF Bai, Xuelian Casey, Francis X. M. Hakk, Heldur DeSutter, Thomas M. Oduor, Peter G. Khan, Eakalak TI Sorption and degradation of 17 beta-estradiol-17-sulfate in sterilized soil-water systems SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE 17 beta-Estradiol-17-sulfate; Estrogen conjugate; Sorption; Hydroxylation; Deconjugation ID ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS; 17 BETA-ESTRADIOL; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; STEROID ESTROGENS; MANGANESE OXIDES; NEW-ZEALAND; METABOLITE FORMATION; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; OXIDATIVE REMOVAL; AROMATIC-AMINES AB To identify abiotic processes that govern the fate of a sulfate conjugated estrogen, 17 beta-estradiol-17-sulfate (E2-17S), soil batch experiments were conducted to investigate the dissipation, sorption, and degradation of radiolabeled E2-17S under sterilized conditions. The aqueous dissipation half-lives (DT50) for E2-17S ranged from 2.5 to 9.3 h for the topsoil of high organic carbon (OC) content (1.29%), but E2-17S remained at similar to 80% of applied dose in the low OC (0.26%) subsoil by 14 d. The non-linear sorption isotherms indicated limited sorption of E2-17S, and the concentration-dependent log Km values were 2.20 and 2.45 for the topsoil and subsoil, respectively. Additionally, two types of hydroxyl E2-17S (OH-E2-17S and diOH-E2-17S) were found as major metabolites in the aqueous phase, which represented 9-25% and 6-7% of applied dose for the topsoil and subsoil at 14 d, respectively. Free estrogens, 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1), were detected from the sorbed phase of the soil water systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bai, Xuelian; Casey, Francis X. M.; DeSutter, Thomas M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Hakk, Heldur] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Oduor, Peter G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Geosci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Khan, Eakalak] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Casey, FXM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Francis.Casey@ndsu.edu RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65102-20400] FX The authors sincerely thank Mrs. Colleen Pfaff (Biosciences Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND) and Mr. Nathan Derby (Department of Soil Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND) for their assistance on the research. We would like to acknowledge Dr. Jane Schuh (Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND) for her support on the sterilization procedure. This project is supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2010-65102-20400 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2015 VL 119 BP 1322 EP 1328 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.016 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY7KQ UT WOS:000347739600180 PM 24630461 ER PT J AU Lyttle, A Yoo, K Hale, C Aufdenkampe, A Sebestyen, SD Resner, K Blum, A AF Lyttle, Amy Yoo, Kyungsoo Hale, Cindy Aufdenkampe, Anthony Sebestyen, Stephen D. Resner, Kathryn Blum, Alex TI Impact of Exotic Earthworms on Organic Carbon Sorption on Mineral Surfaces and Soil Carbon Inventories in a Northern Hardwood Forest SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE biological invasion; earthworms; bioturbation; soil carbon; organic matter; minerals; exotic species; sorption; mineral surface area ID TEMPERATE FORESTS; IRON-OXIDES; INVASION; MATTER; AREA; MINNESOTA; NITROGEN; DENITRIFICATION; STABILIZATION; CONSEQUENCES AB Exotic earthworms are invading forests in North America where native earthworms have been absent since the last glaciation. These earthworms bioturbate soils and may enhance physical interactions between minerals and organic matter (OM), thus affecting mineral sorption of carbon (C) which may affect C cycling. We quantitatively show how OM-mineral sorption and soil C inventories respond to exotic earthworms along an earthworm invasion chronosequence in a sugar maple forest in northern Minnesota. We hypothesized that mineral surface area in A horizons would increase as burrowing earthworms incorporated clay minerals from the B horizons and that enhanced contacts between OM and minerals would increase the OM sorption on mineral surfaces and mineral-associated C inventories in A horizons. Contrary to our hypotheses, mineral surface areas within A horizons were lowered because earthworm burrows only extended into the silt-rich loess that separated the A and clay-rich B horizons. Furthermore, where endogeic earthworms were present, a smaller fraction of mineral surface area was covered with OM. OM sorption on minerals in the A horizons shifted from a limitation of mineral surface availability to a limitation of OM availability within a decade after the arrival of endogeic earthworms. C-mineral sorption depends on earthworm consumption of OM as well as the composition and vertical distribution of minerals. This finding may thus explain the contradictory results reported in earlier investigations. Our results highlight the rapid and drastic effects of exotic earthworms on key ecosystem processes in deciduous forests in post-glacial settings. C1 [Lyttle, Amy; Yoo, Kyungsoo; Resner, Kathryn] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hale, Cindy] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Aufdenkampe, Anthony] Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA 19311 USA. [Sebestyen, Stephen D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Blum, Alex] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Yoo, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kyoo@umn.edu RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013 OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108 FU USDA NRI; Agricultural Experiment Station FX This study was financially support by a USDA NRI Grant to K. Yoo, A. K. Aufdenkampe, and C.Hale. Yoo's effort was partly covered by Hatch funding from Agricultural Experiment Station. We thank Cristina Fernandez, Jim Barott and Becky Knowles for their help in the field. We also appreciate detailed and constructive comments by our colleagues: Lee Frelich at the University of Minnesota, Don Ross at the University of Vermont and Kurt Smemo at the Holden Arboretum. We thank constructive comments from two anonymous reviewers. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 BP 16 EP 29 DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9809-x PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB2CN UT WOS:000349434400002 ER PT J AU Martin, KL Hurteau, MD Hungate, BA Koch, GW North, MP AF Martin, Katherine L. Hurteau, Matthew D. Hungate, Bruce A. Koch, George W. North, Malcolm P. TI Carbon Tradeoffs of Restoration and Provision of Endangered Species Habitat in a Fire-Maintained Forest SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE carbon sequestration; climate change; ecosystem services; endangered species; fire; longleaf pine; Pinus palustris; prescribed burning; red-cockaded woodpecker ID LONGLEAF PINE FOREST; SOIL CO2 EFFLUX; UNITED-STATES; OLD-GROWTH; WIREGRASS SAVANNAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-USE; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; LOBLOLLY-PINE; US FORESTS AB Forests are a significant part of the global carbon cycle and are increasingly viewed as tools for mitigating climate change. Natural disturbances, such as fire, can reduce carbon storage. However, many forests and dependent species evolved with frequent fire as an integral ecosystem process. We used a landscape forest simulation model to evaluate the effects of endangered species habitat management on carbon sequestration. We compared unmanaged forests (control) to forests managed with prescribed burning and prescribed burning combined with thinning. Management treatments followed guidelines of the recovery plan for the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW), which requires low-density longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) forest. The unmanaged treatment provided the greatest carbon storage, but at the cost of lost RCW habitat. Thinning and burning treatments expanded RCW habitat by increasing the dominance of longleaf pine and reducing forest density, but stored 22% less total ecosystem carbon compared to the control. Our results demonstrate that continued carbon sequestration and the provision of RCW habitat are not incompatible goals, although there is a tradeoff between habitat extent and total ecosystem carbon across the landscape. Management for RCW habitat might also increase ecosystem resilience, as longleaf pine is tolerant of fire and drought, and resistant to pests. Restoring fire-adapted forests requires a reduction in carbon. However, the size of the reduction, the effects on sequestration rates, and the co-benefits from other ecosystem services should be evaluated in the context of the specific forest community targeted for restoration. C1 [Martin, Katherine L.; Hurteau, Matthew D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hungate, Bruce A.; Koch, George W.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Hungate, Bruce A.; Koch, George W.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [North, Malcolm P.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Martin, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Integrated Forest Sci, Southern Res Stn, USDA, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM katie_martin@ncsu.edu RI Hurteau, Matthew/D-2301-2009 OI Hurteau, Matthew/0000-0001-8457-8974 FU US Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research Development Program (SERDP) FX Funding for this research was provided by the US Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research Development Program (SERDP). We thank the Ft. Benning field crew for assistance with data collection and James Parker and Rob Addington for providing data and facilitating access to field locations. We are grateful for the constructive feedback from anonymous reviewers. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 BP 76 EP 88 DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9813-1 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB2CN UT WOS:000349434400006 ER PT J AU Resner, K Yoo, K Sebestyen, SD Aufdenkampe, A Hale, C Lyttle, A Blum, A AF Resner, Kit Yoo, Kyungsoo Sebestyen, Stephen D. Aufdenkampe, Anthony Hale, Cindy Lyttle, Amy Blum, Alex TI Invasive Earthworms Deplete Key Soil Inorganic Nutrients (Ca, Mg, K, and P) in a Northern Hardwood Forest SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE hardwood forest; inorganic nutrient cycling; biological invasion; earthworms; geochemical mass balance; calcium; phosphorous; potassium; magnesium ID PHYSICAL ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; TEMPERATE FORESTS; EXOTIC EARTHWORMS; ORGANIC-MATTER; MINNESOTA; LITTER; DISTRIBUTIONS; COMMUNITIES; DYNAMICS; MODULATE AB Hardwood forests of the Great Lakes Region have evolved without earthworms since the Last Glacial Maximum, but are now being invaded by exotic earthworms introduced through agriculture, fishing, and logging. These exotic earthworms are known to increase soil mixing, affect soil carbon storage, and dramatically alter soil morphology. Here we show, using an active earthworm invasion chronosequence in a hardwood forest in northern Minnesota, that such disturbances by exotic earthworms profoundly affect inorganic nutrient cycles in soils. Soil nutrient elemental concentrations (Ca, Mg, K, and P) were normalized to biogeochemically inert Zr to quantify their losses and gains. This geochemical normalization revealed that elements were highly enriched in the A horizon of pre-invasion soils, suggesting tight biological recycling of the nutrients. In the early stage of invasion, epi-endogeic earthworm species appeared to have been responsible for further enriching the elements in the A horizon possibly by incorporating leaf organic matter (OM). The arrival of geophagous soil mixing endogeic earthworms, however, was associated with near complete losses of these enrichments, which was related to the loss of OM in soils. Our study highlights that elemental concentrations may not be sufficient to quantify biogeochemical effects of earthworms. The geochemical normalization approach, which has been widely used to study soil formation, may help when determining how invasive soil organisms affect soil elemental cycles. More generally, this approach has potential for much wider use in studies of belowground nutrient dynamics. The results support the existing ecological literature demonstrating that invasive earthworms may ultimately reduce productivity in formerly glaciated forests under climate change. C1 [Resner, Kit; Yoo, Kyungsoo; Lyttle, Amy] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sebestyen, Stephen D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Aufdenkampe, Anthony] Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA 19311 USA. [Hale, Cindy] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Blum, Alex] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Yoo, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kyoo@umn.edu RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013 OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108 FU USDA NRI program; Hatch Fund from Agricultural Experimental Station FX The authors are thankful for the generous support from USDA NRI program to K. Yoo, A. K. Aufdenkmape, and C. Hale. Yoo's effort was also partly supported by Hatch Fund from Agricultural Experimental Station. We thank Cristina Fernandez, Tyler Nigon, Rebecca D. Knowles, and Andrew Haveles for field assistance, and Jennifer Wang and Justene Davis for lab assistance. NR 52 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 19 U2 71 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 BP 89 EP 102 DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9814-0 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB2CN UT WOS:000349434400007 ER PT J AU Svejcar, LN Bestelmeyer, BT Duniway, MC James, DK AF Svejcar, Lauren N. Bestelmeyer, Brandon T. Duniway, Michael C. James, Darren K. TI Scale-Dependent Feedbacks Between Patch Size and Plant Reproduction in Desert Grassland SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE critical threshold; desertification; dryland; state transition; Bouteloua eriopoda; Chihuahuan Desert; resilience; patch size; feedbacks ID SEMIARID GRAZING SYSTEMS; GLOBAL DESERTIFICATION; VEGETATION PATCHES; PATTERN-FORMATION; ARID ECOSYSTEMS; FACILITATION; COMPETITION; DEGRADATION; COMMUNITIES; RECRUITMENT AB Theoretical models suggest that scale-dependent feedbacks between plant reproductive success and plant patch size govern transitions from highly to sparsely vegetated states in drylands, yet there is scant empirical evidence for these mechanisms. Scale-dependent feedback models suggest that an optimal patch size exists for growth and reproduction of plants and that a threshold patch organization exists below which positive feedbacks between vegetation and resources can break down, leading to critical transitions. We examined the relationship between patch size and plant reproduction using an experiment in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland. We tested the hypothesis that reproductive effort and success of a dominant grass (Bouteloua eriopoda) would vary predictably with patch size. We found that focal plants in medium-sized patches featured higher rates of grass reproductive success than when plants occupied either large patch interiors or small patches. These patterns support the existence of scale-dependent feedbacks in Chihuahuan Desert grasslands and indicate an optimal patch size for reproductive effort and success in B. eriopoda. We discuss the implications of these results for detecting ecological thresholds in desert grasslands. C1 [Svejcar, Lauren N.; Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.; Duniway, Michael C.; James, Darren K.] USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin LTER, MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Svejcar, Lauren N.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA. RP Bestelmeyer, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin LTER, MSC 3JER, Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM bbestelm@nmsu.edu OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785 FU appropriated funds to the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range; NSF Long-Term Ecological Research program [DEB0080412]; USDA NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Program FX We are grateful to Michelle Mattocks for assisting with project design and data collection. This research was supported by appropriated funds to the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, NSF Long-Term Ecological Research program (DEB0080412), and by the USDA NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 BP 146 EP 153 DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9818-9 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB2CN UT WOS:000349434400011 ER PT J AU Jonsson, M Kardol, P Gundale, MJ Bansal, S Nilsson, MC Metcalfe, DB Wardle, DA AF Jonsson, Micael Kardol, Paul Gundale, Michael J. Bansal, Sheel Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte Metcalfe, Daniel B. Wardle, David A. TI Direct and Indirect Drivers of Moss Community Structure, Function, and Associated Microfauna Across a Successional Gradient SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE boreal forest; bryophytes; feather mosses; island ecosystems; nematodes; nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria ID BOREAL FOREST; ECOSYSTEM RETROGRESSION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; FEATHER MOSSES; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; ISLAND AREA; N-FIXATION; BRYOPHYTE; RESPONSES; ALASKA AB Relative to vascular plants, little is known about what factors control bryophyte communities or how they respond to successional and environmental changes. Bryophytes are abundant in boreal forests, thus changes in moss community composition and functional traits (for example, moisture and nutrient content; rates of photosynthesis and respiration) may have important consequences for ecosystem processes and microfaunal communities. Through synthesis of previous work and new analyses integrating new and published data from a long-term successional gradient in the boreal forest of northern Sweden, we provide a comprehensive view of the biotic factors (for example, vascular plant productivity, species composition, and diversity) and abiotic factors (for example, soil fertility and light transmission) that impact the moss community. Our results show that different aspects of the moss community (that is, composition, functional traits, moss-driven processes, and associated invertebrate fauna) respond to different sets of environmental variables, and that these are not always the same variables as those that influence the vascular plant community. Measures of moss community composition and functional traits were primarily influenced by vascular plant community composition and productivity. This suggests that successional shifts in abiotic variables, such as soil nutrient levels, indirectly affect the moss community via their influence on vascular plant community characteristics, whereas direct abiotic effects are less important. Among the moss-driven processes, moss litter decomposition and moss productivity were mainly influenced by biotic variables (notably the community characteristics of both vascular plants and mosses), whereas moss functional traits (primarily specific leaf area and tissue nutrient concentrations) also were important in explaining moss di-nitrogen-fixation rates. In contrast, both abiotic and biotic variables were important drivers of moss microfaunal community structure. Taken together, our results show which abiotic and biotic factors impact mosses and their associated organisms, and thus highlight that multiple interacting factors need to be considered to understand how moss communities, associated food webs, and the ecosystem processes they influence will respond to environmental change. C1 [Jonsson, Micael] Umea Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Kardol, Paul; Gundale, Michael J.; Bansal, Sheel; Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte; Metcalfe, Daniel B.; Wardle, David A.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Bansal, Sheel] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Metcalfe, Daniel B.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. RP Jonsson, M (reprint author), Umea Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. EM micael.jonsson@emg.umu.se RI Jonsson, Micael/E-6839-2012; Wardle, David/F-6031-2011; Kardol, Paul/N-8383-2015; Nilsson Hegethorn, Marie-Charlotte/B-1802-2017; Gundale, Michael /O-1265-2013; OI Wardle, David/0000-0002-0476-7335; Kardol, Paul/0000-0001-7065-3435; Nilsson Hegethorn, Marie-Charlotte/0000-0002-9254-2223; Gundale, Michael /0000-0003-2447-609X; Bansal, Sheel/0000-0003-1233-1707 FU Swedish Research Councils Formas; Vetenskapsradet; Wallenberg Scholars award FX We thank a great number of field assistants-too many to list here-that over the years have helped out on the islands. Financial support was provided by the Swedish Research Councils Formas (MJ, PK, MCN), Vetenskapsradet (DAW, MJ), and a Wallenberg Scholars award (DAW). NR 61 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 16 U2 78 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 BP 154 EP 169 DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9819-8 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CB2CN UT WOS:000349434400012 ER PT J AU Reynolds, K Paplanus, S Miller, B Murphy, P AF Reynolds, Keith Paplanus, Steven Miller, Bruce Murphy, Philip TI Design Features behind Success of the Ecosystem Management Decision Support System and Future Development SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem Management Decision Support system; tiered architecture; logic modeling; multi-criteria decision analysis; workflows; provenance tracking; parallel processing; environmental analysis; environmental planning AB The Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) system is an application framework for designing and implementing spatially enabled knowledge-based decision support systems for environmental analysis and planning at any geographic scale(s). The system integrates state-of-the-art geographic information system, as well as knowledge-based reasoning and decision modeling, technologies to provide decision support for the adaptive management process of ecosystem management. It integrates a logic engine to perform landscape evaluations, and a decision engine for developing management priorities. The logic component: (1) reasons about large, abstract, multi-faceted ecosystem management problems; (2) performs useful evaluations with incomplete information; (3) evaluates the influence of missing information, and (4) determines priorities for missing information. The planning component determines priorities for management activities, taking into account not only ecosystem condition, but also criteria that account for logistical concerns of potential management actions. Both components include intuitive diagnostic features that facilitate communicating modeling results to a broad audience. Features of the system design that have figured in its success over the past 20 years are highlighted, together with design features planned for the next several versions needed to provide spatial decision support for adaptive management under climate change. C1 [Reynolds, Keith] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Paplanus, Steven] Mt View Business Grp LLC, Upland, CA 91784 USA. [Miller, Bruce] Rules Thumb Inc, North East, PA 16428 USA. [Murphy, Philip] InfoHarvest Inc, Seattle, WA 98165 USA. RP Reynolds, K (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM kreynolds@fs.fed.us; steve@mountain-view.com; bjmiller@gmail.com; Philip_murphy@infoharvest.com OI Reynolds, Keith/0000-0002-5286-4754 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD JAN PY 2015 VL 6 IS 1 BP 27 EP 46 DI 10.3390/f6010027 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AZ7MT UT WOS:000348403700002 ER PT J AU Coots, C Lambdin, P Franklin, J Grant, J Rhea, R AF Coots, Carla Lambdin, Paris Franklin, Jennifer Grant, Jerome Rhea, Rusty TI Influence of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation Levels on Water Stress in Eastern Hemlocks within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Adelges tsugae; Tsuga canadensis; water stress; infestation levels; southern appalachians ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; TSUGA-CANADENSIS; FORESTS; IMPACTS; INSECT; XYLEM; HOST AB Extensive mortality of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere, resulting from infestation by hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), has occurred throughout the eastern United States. Although imidacloprid treatment can reduce tree mortality, its effectiveness can be influenced by several factors including tree water stress. The relationship between water stress and infestation rates is unknown, and an understanding of these could greatly increase the efficiency of management for this invasive insect. The primary objective of this study was to assess water stress at three levels of hemlock woolly adelgid infestations. Water stress was measured monthly for 13 months in eastern hemlocks classified as < 25%, 25%-75%, and > 75% infested. The highest level of water stress was found in those trees with hemlock woolly adelgid infestation levels greater than 75%. The lowest level of water stress was found in those trees with less than 25% hemlock woolly adelgid infestation levels. Knowledge of these effects can contribute to development of more effective chemical management strategies. C1 [Coots, Carla; Lambdin, Paris; Grant, Jerome] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Franklin, Jennifer] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rhea, Rusty] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Coots, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM cdillin1@utk.edu; plambdin@utk.edu; jafranklin@utk.edu; jgrant@utk.edu; rrhea@fs.fed.us OI Franklin, Jennifer/0000-0002-7158-5953 FU USDA Forest Service; Great Smoky Mountain Conservation Association FX We thank D. Paulsen (Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA) for assistance with field experiments, the USDA Forest Service and the Great Smoky Mountain Conservation Association for their financial support of this project. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD JAN PY 2015 VL 6 IS 1 BP 271 EP 279 DI 10.3390/f6010271 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AZ7MT UT WOS:000348403700015 ER PT J AU Travadon, R Lawrence, DP Rooney-Latham, S Gubler, WD Wilcox, WF Rolshausen, PE Baumgartner, K AF Travadon, Renaud Lawrence, Daniel P. Rooney-Latham, Suzanne Gubler, Walter D. Wilcox, Wayne F. Rolshausen, Philippe E. Baumgartner, Kendra TI Cadophora species associated with wood-decay of grapevine in North America SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fungi; Leotiomycetes; Phylogenetic species concept; Vitis; Wood pathogens ID TRUNK DISEASES; PRIMER SETS; BLACK-FOOT; FUNGI; PATHOGENICITY; ANTARCTICA; KIWIFRUIT; ESCA AB Cadophora species are reported from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in California, South Africa, Spain, Uruguay, and Canada. Frequent isolation from vines co-infected with the Esca pathogens (Togninia minima and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora), and confirmation of its ability to cause wood lesions/discoloration in pathogenicity tests, suggest that C. luteo-olivacea is part of the trunk pathogen complex. In North America, little is known regarding the diversity, geographic distribution, and roles of Cadophora species as trunk pathogens. Accordingly, we characterized 37 Cadophora isolates from ten US states and two Canadian provinces, based on molecular and morphological comparisons, and pathogenicity. Phylogenetic analysis of three loci (ITS, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-alpha) and beta-tubulin (BT)) distinguished two known species (C. luteo-olivacea and Cadophora melinii) and three newly-described species (Cadophora orientoamericana, Cadophora novi-eboraci, and Cadophora spadicis). C. orientoarnericana, C. novi-eboraci, and C. spadicis were restricted to the northeastern US, whereas C. luteo-olivacea was only recovered from California. C. melinii was present in California and Ontario, Canada. Morphological characterization was less informative, due to significant overlap in dimensions of conidia, hyphae, conidiophores, and conidiogenous cells. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the presence of wood lesions after 24 m, suggesting that Cadophora species may have a role as grapevine trunk pathogens. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Travadon, Renaud; Lawrence, Daniel P.; Gubler, Walter D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rooney-Latham, Suzanne] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Wilcox, Wayne F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14853 USA. [Rolshausen, Philippe E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Baumgartner, Kendra] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Baumgartner, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu FU USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Crops at Risk Program [2008-51100-19334] FX We thank Thomas C. Harrington and Douglas L. McNew (Iowa State University), and Antonio Prodi (University of Bologna, Italy) for supplying Cadophora cultures. The technical assistance of E. Galarneau and P. Fujiyoshi (USDA-ARS) was appreciated. We thank G. Luxardi (University of California, Davis) for his help with microscopy. Research was funded by grant number 2008-51100-19334 to K. Baumgartner, P. E. Rolshausen and W. D. Gubler from the USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Crops at Risk Program. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 EI 1878-6162 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 119 IS 1 BP 53 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.11.002 PG 14 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA CB3AX UT WOS:000349501300005 PM 25601149 ER PT J AU Guan, YH Zhang, XC Zheng, FL Wang, B AF Guan, Yinghui Zhang, Xunchang Zheng, Fenli Wang, Bin TI Trends and variability of daily temperature extremes during 1960-2012 in the Yangtze River Basin, China SO GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Yangtze River Basin; Temperature extremes; Trends; Climate variability; Climate indices ID DAILY CLIMATE EXTREMES; TIBETAN PLATEAU; PRECIPITATION EXTREMES; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; SOUTH-AMERICA; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; SOUTHWESTERN CHINA; RECENT DECADES; IMPACTS; INDEXES AB The variability of surface air temperature extremes has been the focus of attention during the past several decades, and may exert a great influence on the global hydrologic cycle and energy balance through thermal forcing. Based on daily minimum (TN) and maximum temperature (TX) observed by the China Meteorological Administration at 143 meteorological stations in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), a suite of temperature indices recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices, with a primary focus on extreme events, were computed and analyzed for the period of 1960-2012 for this area. The results show widespread significant changes in all temperature indices associated with warming in the YRB during 1960-2012. On the whole, cold-related indices, i.e., cold nights, cold days, frost days, icing days and cold spell duration index significantly decreased by -3.45, -1.03, -3.04, -0.42 and -1.6 days/decade, respectively. In contrast, warm-related indices such as warm nights, warm days, summer days, tropical nights and warm spell duration index significantly increased by 2.95, 1.71, 2.16, 1.05 and 0.73 days/decade. Minimum TN, maximum TN, minimum TX and maximum TX increased significantly by 0.42, 0.18, 0.19 and 0.14 degrees C/decade. Because of a faster increase in minimum temperature than maximum temperature, the diurnal temperature range (DTR) exhibited a significant decreasing trend of -0.09 degrees C/decade for the whole YRB during 1960-2012. However, the decreasing trends all occurred in 1960-1985, while increasing trends though insignificant were found in all sub-regions and the whole YRB during 1986-2012. Geographically, stations in the eastern Tibet Plateau and northeastern YRB showed stronger trends in almost all temperature indices. Time series analysis indicated that the YRB was dominated by a general cooling trend before the mid-1980s, but a warming trend afterwards. In general, the overall warming in the YRB was mainly due to the warming in 1986-2012. Strong relationships between temperature trends and elevation were detected in this study. The warming rates increased with elevation when elevation is above 350 m, but decreased with elevation when elevation is below 350 m. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Guan, Yinghui; Zheng, Fenli] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Coll Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Guan, Yinghui; Zheng, Fenli] CAS & MWR, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Xunchang] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Wang, Bin] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Soil & Water Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Zheng, FL (reprint author), 26 Xinong Rd, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM gyhdem@aliyun.com; flzh@ms.iswc.ac.cn OI Wang, Bin/0000-0002-0563-5668 FU 948 Project of Ministry of Agriculture of China [2010-S16]; Grazinglands Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS FX This study is founded by the 948 Project of Ministry of Agriculture of China (Grant No. 2010-S16). We greatly appreciate the Grazinglands Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS for hosting the first author's visit and for supporting this research, and the National Climatic Centre (NCC) of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) for providing the data. NR 104 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8181 EI 1872-6364 J9 GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE JI Glob. Planet. Change PD JAN PY 2015 VL 124 BP 79 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.11.008 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CB4DG UT WOS:000349577800007 ER PT J AU Wang, W Heitschmidt, GW Windham, WR Feldner, P Ni, XZ Chu, X AF Wang, Wei Heitschmidt, Gerald W. Windham, William R. Feldner, Peggy Ni, Xinzhi Chu, Xuan TI Feasibility of Detecting Aflatoxin B-1 on Inoculated Maize Kernels Surface using Vis/NIR Hyperspectral Imaging SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)); factorial discriminant analysis (FDA); hyperspectral imaging; maize; principal components analysis (PCA) ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; FACTORIAL DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; FUSARIUM-DAMAGED WHEAT; SINGLE CORN KERNELS; RED SPRING WHEAT; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; RAPID DETECTION; CLASSIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMITTANCE AB The feasibility of using a visible/near-infrared hyperspectral imaging system with a wavelength range between 400 and 1000 nm to detect and differentiate different levels of aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) artificially titrated on maize kernel surface was examined. To reduce the color effects of maize kernels, image analysis was limited to a subset of original spectra (600 to 1000 nm). Residual staining from the AFB(1) on the kernels surface was selected as regions of interest for analysis. Principal components analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce the dimensionality of hyperspectral image data, and then a stepwise factorial discriminant analysis (FDA) was performed on latent PCA variables. The results indicated that discriminant factors F-2 can be used to separate control samples from all of the other groups of kernels with AFB(1) inoculated, whereas the discriminant factors F-1 can be used to identify maize kernels with levels of AFB(1) as low as 10 ppb. An overall classification accuracy of 98% was achieved. Finally, the peaks of beta coefficients of the discrimination factors F-1 and F-2 were analyzed and several key wavelengths identified for differentiating maize kernels with and without AFB(1), as well as those with differing levels of AFB(1) inoculation. Results indicated that Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging technology combined with the PCA-FDA was a practical method to detect and differentiate different levels of AFB(1) artificially inoculated on the maize kernels surface. However, indicated the potential to detect and differentiate naturally occurring toxins in maize kernel. C1 [Wang, Wei; Chu, Xuan] China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Heitschmidt, Gerald W.; Windham, William R.; Feldner, Peggy] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Ni, Xinzhi] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Wang, W (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, 17 Tsinghua East Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM playerwxw@cau.edu.cn FU China Natl. Science and Technology Support Program [2012BAK08B04] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Kurt C. Lawrence, Research Leader of Quality and Safety Assessment Research Unit, USDA, ARS, and Dr. Charles W. Bacon, Research Leader of the Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, USDA, ARS, for their guidance with the experimental design and providing samples. Mr. Vernon Savage, Engineering Technician with the Quality & Safety Assessment Research Unit, USDA, ARS, for his assistance in fabricating the Teflon holder and sealed acrylic box. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Jia-Sheng Wang, Professor, Dept. of Environmental Health Science College of Public Health, Univ. of Georgia, for his guidance on how to handle toxins. This work was supported financially by the China Natl. Science and Technology Support Program (2012BAK08B04). NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 80 IS 1 BP M116 EP M122 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12728 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CB0HD UT WOS:000349305600016 PM 25495222 ER PT J AU Lee, J AF Lee, Jungmin TI Analysis of bokbunja products show they contain Rubus occidentalis L. fruit SO JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS LA English DT Article DE Chemotaxonomy; Pigment; Species authentication; Adulteration; Blackcap; Import issues ID BLACK-RASPBERRY; COREANUS MIQ.; QUALITY; PIGMENT; COLOR AB This is the first report of species adulteration in a collection of commercially available bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miguel) products (n = 17) sold in Korea and the US (all originated from Korea). Twelve samples contained R. occidentalis L. fruit; the two species are clearly distinguishable by their anthocyanin profiles. Seven of 17 products were labeled in English to contain R. coreanus fruit; five of these samples contained R. occidentalis and two contained black carrot anthocyanins. The ten other products described contents as "bokbunja." For two of the 17 products, species classification could not be made due to low anthocyanin present, while three of the 17 were adulterated with black carrot anthocyanins and contained no fruit anthocyanins. Anthocyanins ranged from 0.8 to 56.9 mg/100 mL, a 71-fold difference, for all samples. We are hopeful that this research will aid bokbunja growers, processors, and researchers in creating, reporting, and marketing accurately labeled improved foods. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Jungmin] ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit HCRU Worksite, USDA, Parma, ID 83660 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, HCRU Worksite,29603 U 1 Ln, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM jungmin.lee@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS [2072-21000-047-00D]; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), a Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) grant [2011-51181-30676] FX We want to thank an anonymous South Korean researcher for their efforts in bokbunja product collection and insight into this issue. We also need to thank Stacey Redhead for sample collection in WA, USA. This project was funded by USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS number 2072-21000-047-00D and USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) project number 2011-51181-30676, a Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) grant. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1756-4646 J9 J FUNCT FOODS JI J. Funct. Food. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 12 BP 144 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.jff.2014.11.005 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CB3CG UT WOS:000349505200014 ER PT J AU Kelley, DS Adkins, YC Zunino, SJ Woodhouse, LR Bonnel, EL Breksa, AP Manners, GD Mackey, BE AF Kelley, Darshan S. Adkins, Yuriko C. Zunino, Susan J. Woodhouse, Leslie R. Bonnel, Ellen L. Breksa, Andrew P., III Manners, Gary D. Mackey, Bruce E. TI Citrus limonin glucoside supplementation decreased biomarkers of liver disease and inflammation in overweight human adults SO JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS LA English DT Article DE Liver enzymes; Metabolic syndrome; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Cardiovascular disease; Obesity; Inflammation ID GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASE; HIGH-FAT DIET; SERUM ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; INDUCED OBESE MICE; ORANGE JUICE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; CANCER-CELLS AB Mixtures of limonoid glucosides demonstrated health benefits in human and animal studies; however, the specific metabolic effects of purified citrus limonin glucoside (LG) in humans are unknown. We determined effects of LG on circulating biomarkers of chronic inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes, CVD, and cancer in a cross-over, placebo controlled, double-blind study in overweight/obese individuals. LG had no specific adverse effects. It did not alter circulating concentrations of blood lipids, lipoproteins or their particle sizes, glucose, insulin, hematological parameters, and markers of inflammation except MMP-9 and TNF-alpha which were decreased by 38.7% and 10.7%, respectively. LG significantly decreased concentrations of liver proteins: gamma-glutamyl transferase (33.8%), alanine aminotransferase (13.1%), alkaline phosphatase (10.1%), and complement C3 (6.4%). Since liver enzymes are elevated in metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, diabetes, CVD, and chronic kidney disease and liver cancer, LG may be useful in the prevention and/or treatment of those diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kelley, Darshan S.; Adkins, Yuriko C.; Zunino, Susan J.; Woodhouse, Leslie R.; Bonnel, Ellen L.] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kelley, Darshan S.; Adkins, Yuriko C.; Zunino, Susan J.; Woodhouse, Leslie R.; Bonnel, Ellen L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Breksa, Andrew P., III; Manners, Gary D.; Mackey, Bruce E.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kelley, DS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM darshan.kelley@ars.usda.gov OI Adkins, Yuriko/0000-0002-5705-5964 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5306-51530-017-00D, 2030-41430-011-00D]; Coca-Cola Company, 1 Coca-Cola Plaza, Atlanta, USA FX Supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (CRIS # 5306-51530-017-00D and CRIS # 2030-41430-011-00D) and The Coca-Cola Company, 1 Coca-Cola Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1756-4646 J9 J FUNCT FOODS JI J. Funct. Food. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 12 BP 271 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.jff.2014.11.026 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA CB3CG UT WOS:000349505200028 ER PT J AU Duffy, AM Stensvold, MC Farrar, DR AF Duffy, Aaron M. Stensvold, Mary C. Farrar, Donald R. TI Independent Gametophytes of Hymenophyllum wrightii in North America: Not as Rare as We Thought SO AMERICAN FERN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE asexual; Hymenophyllum wrightii; independent gametophyte; Olympic Peninsula; southeastern Alaska; Vancouver Island ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; FERN GAMETOPHYTES; S.L. HYMENOPHYLLACEAE; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCES; DNA AB Hymenophyllum wrightii is a filmy fern known primarily from Japan and Korea. In North America, it is known as a sporophyte only in Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands), British Columbia, Canada. Rare independent, filmy fern gametophytes found from the late 1950s and onward at a handful of locations in British Columbia and southeastern Alaska were presumed to be H. wrightii. Our 2006 surveys in southeastern Alaska determined that these gametophytes are common within specific habitats, and our survey in 2008 found gametophyte populations on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington State-the first report of H. wrightii in the contiguous United States. Samples from gametophyte populations from southeastern Alaska, British Columbia and Washington show no variation in rbcL or rps4-trnS sequence and are similar to sequences from Asian H. wrightii sporophytes, providing corroborating evidence of the identity of these independent gametophyte populations. C1 [Duffy, Aaron M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Stensvold, Mary C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Sitka, AK 99835 USA. [Farrar, Donald R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Duffy, AM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM a.duffy@aggiemail.usu.edu; mstensvold@fs.fed.us; dfarrar@iastate.edu FU Ecology Center and Department of Biology at Utah State University, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology (EEOB) at Iowa State University; USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region FX We thank the Ecology Center and Department of Biology at Utah State University, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology (EEOB) at Iowa State University, and the USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region for generously supporting this project, and Judith A. Harpel at University of British Columbia Herbarium for assistance identifying herbarium specimens. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER FERN SOC INC PI ST LOUIS PA C/O DR GEORGE YATSKIEVYCH, MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY, MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-8444 EI 0002-7685 J9 AM FERN J JI Am. Fern J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 105 IS 1 BP 45 EP 55 DI 10.1640/0002-8444-105.1.45 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CB2FN UT WOS:000349442400005 ER PT J AU Hall, MB AF Hall, Mary Beth TI Comparisons of in vitro fermentation and high moisture forage processing methods for determination of neutral detergent fiber digestibility SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fiber digestibility; Forage; Fermentation; Analysis; Methods ID DIGESTION AB Neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD) determined in vitro with rumen inoculum is widely used to assess digestibility and potential energy contributions of feedstuffs. An in vitro fermentation system (IVFS) with potential to improve sample throughput and ease of handling for NDFD determination was investigated. Additionally, methods for preparing high moisture forages and their effect on in vitro NDFD were evaluated. In the IVFS study, a commonly used method that uses Erlenmeyer flasks under continuous CO2 pressure in water baths (GV) was compared to a system that uses sealed glass tubes in a shaking incubator (TU). Fibrous feeds (alfalfa hay, maize silage, soyhulls, and ryegrass hay) were incubated in duplicate for 24,30, and 48 h in three fermentation runs (run) in both IVFS. Overall, NDFD was greater for TU than GV at 24 h, and greater for GV than TU at 48 h. Maize silage had lower values with TU than GV, with the difference increasing with fermentation time, possibly due to low pH related to amount of fermentable substrate used. Within-run variability at 48 h was less with GV than TU. Variability of NDFD across runs was or tended to be less for TU at 24 and 30 h, and tended to be less for GV at 48 h. In the forage processing study, silages (alfalfa, maize) and pasture grasses (meadow fescue, orchardgrass, reed canarygrass, ryegrass) were ground with dry ice through a meat grinder to pass 4.5 mm openings. Subsamples were dried in a 55 degrees C forced-air oven (OD), freeze dried (FD), or retained as undried frozen (UF) material. Samples were fermented in duplicate in TU for 24, 30, and 48 h in two runs. NDFD response to processing varied by forage with FD for orchardgrass and UP for maize silage lower than other treatments for those forages. Overall, NDFD did not differ among processing methods at 24 h, was greatest for OD and UF at 30 h, and for OD at 48 h. Based on NDFD and analytical variability results, TU may be recommended at 24 and 30 h and GV at 48 h, however, substrate amount may need to be restricted in TU to avoid depressing NDFD. Methods of processing high moisture forage samples for NDFD analysis showed no clear advantage for using freeze dried or undried forage over oven dried materials. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM marybeth.hall@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 EI 1873-2216 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 199 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.11.012 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA CA5OV UT WOS:000348958600013 ER PT J AU Gautam, SG Opit, GP Margosan, D Hoffmann, D Tebbets, JS Walse, S AF Gautam, S. G. Opit, G. P. Margosan, D. Hoffmann, D. Tebbets, J. S. Walse, S. TI Comparative Egg Morphology and Chorionic Ultrastructure of Key Stored-Product Insect Pests SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE egg respiratory system; aeropyle; fumigant efficacy; diffusion; tolerance ID SULFURYL FLUORIDE; EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY; PSOCIDS PSOCOPTERA; MOTHS LEPIDOPTERA; LIFE STAGES; COLEOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; TOXICITY AB Eggs of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were imaged with scanning electron microscopy to explore how respiratory openings on the chorion surface may be related to the efficacy of fumigants. Each P. interpunctella egg had many aeropyles and several micropyles, whereas each T. castaneum egg had neither aeropyles nor micropyles. Transmission electron microscopy was used to obtain cross sectional images of chorions, with eggs of T. castaneum, P. interpunctella, Carpophilus hemipterus (L.) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), and Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) each having unique chorionic ultrastructure. The types of layers and relative thicknesses of different layers of the chorion varied across species. Exochorion of lepidopteran eggs was a lamellate structure and the thickest layer, whereas crystalline endochorion was the thickest layer in coleopterans. Although quantitative data on fumigant uptake by eggs of different insect species are needed, the findings of the current study suggest that species-specific tolerance of eggs to fumigants may partly be explained by differences in respiratory structures and chorion characteristics. C1 [Gautam, S. G.; Opit, G. P.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Noble Res Ctr 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Margosan, D.; Hoffmann, D.; Tebbets, J. S.; Walse, S.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Opit, GP (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Noble Res Ctr 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM george.opit@okstate.edu FU Walnut Board of California; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station [OKL02695] FX Thanks go to Gail Sergent for her technical support. We also thank Scott Armstrong and Richard Grantham for reviewing an earlier draft of this manuscript. In addition, appreciation is extended to USDA-ARS San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center (SJVASC) for providing the necessary infrastructures for conducting this study. This work was funded by the Walnut Board of California and the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station (Project No. OKL02695). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the Oklahoma State University or the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 108 IS 1 BP 43 EP 56 DI 10.1093/aesa/sau001 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CB2EO UT WOS:000349439700007 ER PT S AU Lavine, L Gotoh, H Brent, CS Dworkin, I Emlen, DJ AF Lavine, Laura Gotoh, Hiroki Brent, Colin S. Dworkin, Ian Emlen, Douglas J. BE Berenbaum, MR TI Exaggerated Trait Growth in Insects SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY, VOL 60 SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE extreme growth; extreme size; sexual selection; soldier castes; insulin signaling pathway; juvenile hormone; growth mechanisms ID STALK-EYED FLIES; BEETLE GNATOCERUS-CORNUTUS; INSULIN SIGNALING PATHWAY; MALE AGGRESSIVE-BEHAVIOR; SEX COMB DEVELOPMENT; JUVENILE-HORMONE; HONEY-BEE; MALE DIMORPHISM; FEMALE CHOICE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER AB Animal structures occasionally attain extreme proportions, eclipsing in size the surrounding body parts. We review insect examples of exaggerated traits, such as the mandibles of stag beetles (Lucanidae), the claspers of praying mantids (Mantidae), the elongated hindlimbs of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera), and the giant heads of soldier ants (Formicidae) and termites (Isoptera). Developmentally, disproportionate growth can arise through trait-specific modifications to the activity of at least four pathways: the sex determination pathway, the appendage patterning pathway, the insulin/IGF signaling pathway, and the juvenile hormone/ecdysteroid pathway. Although most exaggerated traits have not been studied mechanistically, it is already apparent that distinct developmental mechanisms underlie the evolution of the different types of exaggerated traits. We suggest this reflects the nature of selection in each instance, revealing an exciting link between mechanism, form, and function. We use this information to make explicit predictions for the types of regulatory pathways likely to underlie each type of exaggerated trait. C1 [Lavine, Laura; Gotoh, Hiroki] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Brent, Colin S.] USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Dworkin, Ian] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Emlen, Douglas J.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Emlen, DJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM lavine@wsu.edu; hiroki.goto@wsu.edu; colin.brent@ars.usda.gov; doug.emlen@mso.umt.edu RI Gotoh, Hiroki/B-7568-2017; OI Brent, Colin/0000-0003-2078-1417 NR 196 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 16 U2 69 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0160-6 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2015 VL 60 BP 453 EP 472 DI 10.1146/annurev-ento-010814-021045 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BB9PS UT WOS:000348560200025 PM 25341090 ER PT S AU Scoles, GA Ueti, MW AF Scoles, Glen A. Ueti, Massaro W. BE Berenbaum, MR TI Vector Ecology of Equine Piroplasmosis SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY, VOL 60 SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE vector ticks; Theileria equi; Babesia caballi; equine piroplasmosis ID AMBLYOMMA-CAJENNENSE FABRICIUS; CHRONICALLY INFECTED HORSES; TICK BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; GENUS HYALOMMA KOCH; BABESIA-EQUI; THEILERIA-EQUI; ACARI IXODIDAE; RHIPICEPHALUS-SANGUINEUS; SALIVARY-GLANDS; SOUTH-AFRICA AB Equine piroplasmosis is a disease of Equidae, including horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras, caused by either of two protozoan parasites, Theileria equi or Babesia caballi. These parasites are biologically transmitted between hosts via tick vectors, and although they have inherent differences they are categorized together because they cause similar pathology and have similar morphologies, life cycles, and vector relationships. To complete their life cycle, these parasites must undergo a complex series of developmental events, including sexual-stage development in their tick vectors. Consequently, ticks are the definitive hosts as well as vectors for these parasites, and the vector relationship is restricted to a few competent tick species. Because the vector relationship is critical to the epidemiology of these parasites, we highlight current knowledge of the vector ecology of these tick-borne equine pathogens, emphasizing tick transmissibility and potential control strategies to prevent their spread. C1 [Scoles, Glen A.; Ueti, Massaro W.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Scoles, GA (reprint author), ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM Scoles@vetmed.wsu.edu; Massaro@vetmed.wsu.edu NR 122 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 19 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0160-6 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2015 VL 60 BP 561 EP 580 DI 10.1146/annurev-ento-010814-021110 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BB9PS UT WOS:000348560200030 PM 25564746 ER PT S AU Naranjo, SE Ellsworth, PC Frisvold, GB AF Naranjo, Steven E. Ellsworth, Peter C. Frisvold, George B. BE Berenbaum, MR TI Economic Value of Biological Control in Integrated Pest Management of Managed Plant Systems SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY, VOL 60 SE Annual Review of Entomology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE conservation biological control; augmentative biological control; classical biological control; arthropod natural enemies; valuation; ecosystem services ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; NATURAL ENEMIES; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; DECISION-MAKING; CONTINGENT VALUATION; SOYBEAN APHID; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; DIAMONDBACK MOTH; ALFALFA WEEVIL; BEMISIA-TABACI AB Biological control is an underlying pillar of integrated pestmanagement, yet little focus has been placed on assigning economic value to this key ecosystem service. Setting biological control on a firm economic foundation would help to broaden its utility and adoption for sustainable crop protection. Here we discuss approaches and methods available for valuation of biological control of arthropod pests by arthropod natural enemies and summarize economic evaluations in classical, augmentative, and conservation biological control. Emphasis is placed on valuation of conservation biological control, which has received little attention. We identify some of the challenges of and opportunities for applying economics to biological control to advance integrated pest management. Interaction among diverse scientists and stakeholders will be required to measure the direct and indirect costs and benefits of biological control that will allow farmers and others to internalize the benefits that incentivize and accelerate adoption for private and public good. C1 [Naranjo, Steven E.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Ellsworth, Peter C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Maricopa Agr Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Frisvold, George B.] Univ Arizona, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Naranjo, SE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM steve.naranjo@ars.usda.gov; peterell@cals.arizona.edu; frisvold@cals.arizona.edu OI Ellsworth, Peter/0000-0002-2485-0830 NR 145 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 26 U2 154 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4170 BN 978-0-8243-0160-6 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 2015 VL 60 BP 621 EP + DI 10.1146/annurev-ento-010814-021005 PG 27 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BB9PS UT WOS:000348560200033 PM 25423598 ER PT J AU Singh, B Crippen, T Zheng, LY Fields, AT Yu, ZN Ma, Q Wood, TK Dowd, SE Flores, M Tomberlin, JK Tarone, AM AF Singh, Baneshwar Crippen, Tawni L. Zheng, Longyu Fields, Andrew T. Yu, Ziniu Ma, Qun Wood, Thomas K. Dowd, Scot E. Flores, Micah Tomberlin, Jeffery K. Tarone, Aaron M. TI A metagenomic assessment of the bacteria associated with Lucilia sericata and Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microbial community; Blow flies; Maggot debridement therapy; Salivary gland; 454 sequencing ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; MAGGOT THERAPY; FLIES DIPTERA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT; FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; BIOFILM FORMATION; DIGESTIVE-TRACT; MUSCA-DOMESTICA AB Lucilia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a blow fly genus of forensic, medical, veterinary, and agricultural importance. This genus is also famous because of its beneficial uses in maggot debridement therapy (MDT). Although the genus is of considerable economic importance, our knowledge about microbes associated with these flies and how these bacteria are horizontally and trans-generationally transmitted is limited. In this study, we characterized bacteria associated with different life stages of Lucilia sericata (Meigen) and Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) and in the salivary gland of L. sericata by using 16S rDNA 454 pyrosequencing. Bacteria associated with the salivary gland of L. sericata were also characterized using light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results from this study suggest that the majority of bacteria associated with these flies belong to phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, and most bacteria are maintained intragenerationally, with a considerable degree of turnover from generation to generation. In both species, second-generation eggs exhibited the highest bacterial phylum diversity (20 % genetic distance) than other life stages. The Lucilia sister species shared the majority of their classified genera. Of the shared bacterial genera, Providencia, Ignatzschineria, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Vagococcus, Morganella, and Myroides were present at relatively high abundances. Lactobacillus, Proteus, Diaphorobacter, and Morganella were the dominant bacterial genera associated with a survey of the salivary gland of L. sericata. TEM analysis showed a sparse distribution of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in the salivary gland of L. sericata. There was more evidence for horizontal transmission of bacteria than there was for trans-generational inheritance. Several pathogenic genera were either amplified or reduced by the larval feeding on decomposing liver as a resource. Overall, this study provides information on bacterial communities associated with different life stages of Lucilia and their horizontal and trans-generational transmission, which may help in the development of better vector-borne disease management and MDT methods. C1 [Singh, Baneshwar; Zheng, Longyu; Fields, Andrew T.; Flores, Micah; Tomberlin, Jeffery K.; Tarone, Aaron M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Singh, Baneshwar] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Forens Sci, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Crippen, Tawni L.; Zheng, Longyu] ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. [Zheng, Longyu; Yu, Ziniu] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Microbe Pesticide, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Fields, Andrew T.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ma, Qun] Chinese Acad Sci, Tianjin Inst Ind Biotechnol, Tianjin, Peoples R China. [Wood, Thomas K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] MR DNA Mol Res LP, Shallowater, TX USA. [Flores, Micah] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Singh, B (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Forens Sci, 1015 Floyd Ave, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM bsingh@vcu.edu OI Tarone, Aaron/0000-0003-0965-7634; Wood, Thomas/0000-0002-6258-529X FU Texas Agrilife Research; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX; National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice [2010-DN-BX-K243]; College of Humanities and Sciences of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Robert Droleskey for his assistance with transmission electron microscopy of the salivary gland. Funding for B.S., A.M.T., L.Z., A.T.F., M.F., and J.K.T. was provided partially by the Texas Agrilife Research and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX. Additional funding for B.S., A.M.T., T.L.C., and J.K.T. was provided by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice through Grant 2010-DN-BX-K243. B.S. was also supported by a start up fund from the College of Humanities and Sciences of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA. We also thank anonymous reviewers for their suggestions that improved this article substantially. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice, Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government. Mention of trade names, companies, or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement of the products by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 85 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 EI 1432-0614 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 99 IS 2 BP 869 EP 883 DI 10.1007/s00253-014-6115-7 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA CA2YB UT WOS:000348770900027 PM 25306907 ER PT B AU Panickar, KS AF Panickar, Kiran S. BE Watson, RR Preedy, VR TI Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Botanical Extracts Contribute to Their Protective Effects in Brain Edema in Cerebral Ischemia SO BIOACTIVE NUTRACEUTICALS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS IN NEUROLOGICAL AND BRAIN DISEASE: PREVENTION AND THERAPY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NF-KAPPA-B; PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; OXYGEN-GLUCOSE DEPRIVATION; INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL COLITIS; GREEN TEA POLYPHENOLS; ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY; ARTERY OCCLUSION; TNF-ALPHA; MOUSE MACROPHAGES; SIGNALING PATHWAY C1 [Panickar, Kiran S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Panickar, Kiran S.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Panickar, KS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 143 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-411529-3; 978-0-12-411462-3 PY 2015 BP 3 EP 15 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-411462-3.00001-1 PG 13 WC Neurosciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB9QB UT WOS:000348561000002 ER PT J AU King, AW Andres, RJ Davis, KJ Hafer, M Hayes, DJ Huntzinger, DN de Jong, B Kurz, WA McGuire, AD Vargas, R Wei, Y West, TO Woodall, CW AF King, A. W. Andres, R. J. Davis, K. J. Hafer, M. Hayes, D. J. Huntzinger, D. N. de Jong, B. Kurz, W. A. McGuire, A. D. Vargas, R. Wei, Y. West, T. O. Woodall, C. W. TI North America's net terrestrial CO2 exchange with the atmosphere 1990-2009 SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL CARBON-CYCLE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; UNITED-STATES; BUDGET; BALANCE; INVERSIONS; FORESTS; MODELS; SINKS; LAND AB Scientific understanding of the global carbon cycle is required for developing national and international policy to mitigate fossil fuel CO2 emissions by managing terrestrial carbon uptake. Toward that understanding and as a contribution to the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes (RECCAP) project, this paper provides a synthesis of net land-atmosphere CO2 exchange for North America (Canada, United States, and Mexico) over the period 1990-2009. Only CO2 is considered, not methane or other greenhouse gases. This synthesis is based on results from three different methods: atmospheric inversion, inventory-based methods and terrestrial biosphere modeling. All methods indicate that the North American land surface was a sink for atmospheric CO2, with a net transfer from atmosphere to land. Estimates ranged from -890 to -280 TgC yr(-1), where the mean of atmospheric inversion estimates forms the lower bound of that range (a larger land sink) and the inventory-based estimate using the production approach the upper (a smaller land sink). This relatively large range is due in part to differences in how the approaches represent trade, fire and other disturbances and which ecosystems they include. Integrating across estimates, "best" estimates (i.e., measures of central tendency) are -472 +/- 281 TgC yr(-1) based on the mean and standard deviation of the distribution and -360 TgC yr(-1) (with an interquartile range of -496 to -337) based on the median. Considering both the fossil fuel emissions source and the land sink, our analysis shows that North America was, however, a net contributor to the growth of CO2 in the atmosphere in the late 20th and early 21st century. With North America's mean annual fossil fuel CO2 emissions for the period 1990-2009 equal to 1720 Tg C yr(-1) and assuming the estimate of -472 TgC yr(-1) as an approximation of the true terrestrial CO2 sink, the continent's source : sink ratio for this time period was 1720 : 472, or nearly 4 : 1. C1 [King, A. W.; Andres, R. J.; Hayes, D. J.; Wei, Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [King, A. W.; Andres, R. J.; Hayes, D. J.; Wei, Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Davis, K. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hafer, M.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Huntzinger, D. N.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [de Jong, B.] Colegio Frontera Sur, Unidad Campeche, Campeche, Mexico. [McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Vargas, R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [West, T. O.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA. [Woodall, C. W.] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. RP King, AW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kingaw@ornl.gov RI Vargas, Rodrigo/C-4720-2008 OI Vargas, Rodrigo/0000-0001-6829-5333 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Climate & Environmental Sciences Division; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; US government [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; NASA [NNX13AQ06G]; NASA's Terrestrial Ecosystems and Carbon Cycle Program FX We thank Devin A. White of the Geographic Information Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, for the calculation of internally consistent North American, Northern Hemisphere, and global land areas. Research and preparation of this report was sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Climate & Environmental Sciences Division, and was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The manuscript has been co-authored by employees of a contractor of the US government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the US government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US government purposes. R. Vargas acknowledges support from NASA under the Carbon Monitoring System (NNX13AQ06G). K. J. Davis acknowledges support from NASA's Terrestrial Ecosystems and Carbon Cycle Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the USA Government. NR 72 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 40 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2015 VL 12 IS 2 BP 399 EP 414 DI 10.5194/bg-12-399-2015 PG 16 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA CA5XR UT WOS:000348982200009 ER PT J AU Snow, NP Porter, WF Williams, DM AF Snow, Nathan P. Porter, William F. Williams, David M. TI Underreporting of wildlife-vehicle collisions does not hinder predictive models for large ungulates SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Accident; Animal-vehicle collision; AVC; Carcass data; Moose; Reporting bias; Road; Road-kill; Survey error; White-tailed deer; WVC ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; LAND-COVER; LANDSCAPE; LOCATIONS; ABUNDANCE; ILLINOIS; SCALES; MAINE; FOXES AB Conflicts from wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) pose serious challenges for managing and conserving large ungulates throughout the world. However, underreporting of large proportions of WVCs (i.e., two-thirds of WVCs in some cases) creates concern for relying on governmental databases to inform management strategies of WVCs. Our objective was to test the sensitivity of WVC studies to underreporting using 2 species of large ungulates that experience substantial incidences of collisions but exist in different environmental settings: white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in agricultural-dominated central Illinois and moose (Mos alces) in forest-dominated western Maine, USA. We estimated baseline relationships between the landscape, traffic, and abundance of wildlife on the probabilities of WVCs using the total number of reported WVCs. Then, we simulated underreporting by randomly excluding reports of WVCs and evaluated for relative changes in precision, parameter estimates, and prediction. Point estimates of the relationships between environmental influences and WVCs for both species were reliable until high rates of underreporting occurred (>= 70%). When underreporting occurred with spatial bias, shifts in point estimates were detected only for variables that spatially-corresponded with the rate of reporting. Prediction estimates for both species were also reliable until high rates of underreporting occurred (>= 75%). These findings suggest that predictive models generate reliable estimates about WVCs with large ungulates unless underreporting is severe; possibly because they occur in non-random patterns (i.e., hotspots) and variability in their environment influences is low. We recommend that concern about underreporting not impede research with existing databases, such as those in this study, for analyzing predictive models and developing management strategies for reducing WVCs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Snow, Nathan P.; Porter, William F.; Williams, David M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Snow, NP (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM nsnow@msu.edu FU Boone and Crockett Club; Michigan Department of Natural Resources; Alces Journal; Michigan Involvement Committee of Safari Club International; Michigan State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife; Boone and Crockett Quantitative Wildlife Laboratory FX We thank the L. Midden from the Illinois Department of Transportation and D. Brunell from the Maine Department of Transportation for providing databases of deer- and moose-vehicle collisions. We thank anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on this manuscript. This research was funded in part by the Boone and Crockett Club, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, the Alces Journal, and the Michigan Involvement Committee of Safari Club International. We thank Michigan State University, the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, and the Boone and Crockett Quantitative Wildlife Laboratory for support. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 181 BP 44 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.10.030 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA2OK UT WOS:000348747300006 ER PT J AU Zhu, HP Thistle, HW Ranger, CM Zhou, HP Strom, BL AF Zhu, Heping Thistle, Harold W. Ranger, Christopher M. Zhou, Hongping Strom, Brian L. TI Measurement of semiochemical release rates with a dedicated environmental control system SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biological pesticide; Forest; Pest control; Environmental chamber; Pheromone ID INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT; PHEROMONE DISPENSERS; PINE-BEETLE; COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE; FORMULATIONS; TEMPERATURE; STRATEGIES; MODEL AB Insect semiochemical dispensers are commonly deployed under variable environmental conditions over a specified period. Predictions of their longevity are hampered by a lack of methods to accurately monitor and predict how primary variables affect semiochemical release rate. A system was constructed to precisely determine semiochemical release rates under environmentally-controlled conditions. Three dissimilar types of solid matrix, passive emission semiochemical dispensers (P339 Sirex, Beetleblock-MCH, W230 terpinolene) were selected to verify the system capabilities. The rate of mass loss for each semiochemical was measured inside a 0.11 m(3) air sealed reservoir. Each product was tested at five ambient temperatures and three values of relative humidity. Temperatures were maintained at their set points within +/- 1.0 degrees C and relative humidity within +0.4%. Mass losses for the relatively large P339 Sirex dispensers were linear over the test period; losses for the smaller Beetleblock-MCH and W230 terpinolene dispensers fell sharply over the first 10 h of exposure and then fell linearly with exposure time. Test results demonstrated that release rates of the three semiochemicals at the linear fall stage increased exponentially as ambient temperature increased, and those rates were not apparently affected by relative humidity. Compared to release rates measured under field conditions, determination of semiochemical release rates was more precise and consistent with this dedicated, controlled environmental system. Semiochemical release rates measured with this system should provide a baseline for predicting performance and useful lifetime of semiochemical devices deployed for pest management in agriculture and forestry. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IAgrE. C1 [Zhu, Heping; Ranger, Christopher M.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Thistle, Harold W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. [Zhou, Hongping] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Strom, Brian L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA USA. RP Zhu, HP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-FS-FHTET FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Keith Williams for his technical assistance and preparation of experiments for this project. We also thank the USDA-FS-FHTET for their financial support of this NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1537-5110 EI 1537-5129 J9 BIOSYST ENG JI Biosyst. Eng. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 129 BP 277 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014. 1.003 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA CA1QQ UT WOS:000348687200026 ER PT J AU Edgar, JA Molyneux, RJ Colegate, SM AF Edgar, John A. Molyneux, Russell J. Colegate, Steven M. TI Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids: Potential Role in the Etiology of Cancers, Pulmonary Hypertension, Congenital Anomalies, and Liver Disease SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATIC VENOOCCLUSIVE DISEASE; SINUSOIDAL OBSTRUCTION SYNDROME; INDIAN CHILDHOOD CIRRHOSIS; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; DNA ADDUCT FORMATION; FIBRODYSPLASIA OSSIFICANS PROGRESSIVA; BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; TYROLEAN INFANTILE CIRRHOSIS; CROTALARIA SPECTABILIS SEEDS; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA AB Large outbreaks of acute food-related poisoning, characterized by hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, hemorrhagic necrosis, and rapid liver failure, occur on a regular basis in some countries. They are caused by 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids contaminating locally grown grain. Similar acute poisoning can also result from deliberate or accidental consumption of 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing herbal medicines, teas, and spices. In recent years, it has been confirmed that there is also significant, low-level dietary exposure to 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids in many countries due to consumption of common foods such as honey, milk, eggs, salads, and meat. The level of 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids in these foods is generally too low and too intermittent to cause acute toxicity. However, these alkaloids are genotoxic and can cause slowly developing chronic diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension, cancers, cirrhosis, and congenital anomalies, conditions unlikely to be easily linked with dietary exposure to 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids, especially if clinicians are unaware that such dietary exposure is occurring. This Perspective provides a comprehensive review of the acute and chronic toxicity of 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids and their potential to initiate certain chronic diseases, and suggests some associative considerations or indicators to assist in recognizing specific cases of diseases that may have resulted from dietary exposure to these hazardous natural substances. If it can be established that low-level dietary exposure to 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids is a significant cause of some of these costly and debilitating diseases, then this should lead to initiatives to reduce the level of these alkaloids in the food chain. C1 [Edgar, John A.] CSIRO Food & Nutr, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. [Molyneux, Russell J.] Univ Hawaii, Daniel K Inouye Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Colegate, Steven M.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Edgar, JA (reprint author), CSIRO Food & Nutr, 11 Julius Ave, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. EM john.edgar@csiro.au NR 263 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 28 IS 1 BP 4 EP 20 DI 10.1021/tx500403t PG 17 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA AZ6LW UT WOS:000348332200002 PM 25483859 ER PT J AU Zanon-Moreno, V Zanon-Moreno, L Ortega-Azorin, C Asensio-Marquez, EM Garcia-Medina, JJ Sanz, P Pinazo-Duran, MD Ordovas, JM Corella, D AF Zanon-Moreno, Vicente Zanon-Moreno, Laura Ortega-Azorin, Carolina Asensio-Marquez, Eva M. Javier Garcia-Medina, Jose Sanz, Pedro Pinazo-Duran, Maria D. Ordovas, Jose M. Corella, Dolores TI Genetic polymorphism related to exfoliative glaucoma is also associated with primary open-angle glaucoma risk SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genetics; LOXL1 polymorphism; Mediterranean population; primary open-angle glaucoma ID NORMAL-TENSION GLAUCOMA; LOXL1 GENE; EYE DISEASES; PSEUDOEXFOLIATION SYNDROME; SEQUENCE VARIANTS; POPULATION; JAPANESE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CDKN2B-AS1; NUMBER AB BackgroundTo investigate the possible association of the rs2165241 polymorphism (C>T) in LOXL1 gene with the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma in a Mediterranean population. MethodsThe analysis of genetic polymorphisms was performed by standard TaqMan allelic discrimination technique, using a 7900HT Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems). ResultsIn a recessive genetic model, the T allele of the rs2165241 polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (TT vs. CC: odds ratios=2.19, 95% confidence interval=[1.33-3.62]). After multivariate logistic regression model adjusted by age and weight, the magnitude of the association decreased but remained statistically significant (TT vs. CC: odds ratios=2.07, 95% confidence interval=[1.20-3.57]). ConclusionThis polymorphism seems to be associated with high risk for primary open-angle glaucoma in a Mediterranean population. C1 [Zanon-Moreno, Vicente; Zanon-Moreno, Laura; Ortega-Azorin, Carolina; Asensio-Marquez, Eva M.; Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia 46010, Spain. [Zanon-Moreno, Vicente; Pinazo-Duran, Maria D.] Doctor Peset Univ Hosp, Ophthalmol Res Unit Santiago Grisolia, Valencia, Spain. [Sanz, Pedro] Doctor Peset Univ Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Valencia, Spain. [Zanon-Moreno, Vicente; Ortega-Azorin, Carolina; Asensio-Marquez, Eva M.; Corella, Dolores] Ctr Invest Biomed Red Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados IMDEA, Madrid, Spain. [Javier Garcia-Medina, Jose] Reina Sofia Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Murcia, Spain. [Javier Garcia-Medina, Jose] Univ Murcia, Dept Ophthalmol, Murcia, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Zanon-Moreno, V (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Avda Blasco Ibanez 15, Valencia 46010, Spain. EM vicente.zanon-moreno@uv.es OI Garcia Medina, Jose Javier/0000-0002-6245-7271 NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1442-6404 EI 1442-9071 J9 CLIN EXP OPHTHALMOL JI Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 43 IS 1 BP 26 EP 30 DI 10.1111/ceo.12367 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA CA4TR UT WOS:000348898800006 PM 24893574 ER PT J AU Toomey, M Friedl, MA Frolking, S Hufkens, K Klosterman, S Sonnentag, O Baldocchi, DD Bernacchi, CJ Biraud, SC Bohrer, G Brzostek, E Burns, SP Coursolle, C Hollinger, DY Margolis, HA McCaughey, H Monson, RK Munger, JW Pallardy, S Phillips, RP Torn, MS Wharton, S Zeri, M Richardson, AD AF Toomey, Michael Friedl, Mark A. Frolking, Steve Hufkens, Koen Klosterman, Stephen Sonnentag, Oliver Baldocchi, Dennis D. Bernacchi, Carl J. Biraud, Sebastien C. Bohrer, Gil Brzostek, Edward Burns, Sean P. Coursolle, Carole Hollinger, David Y. Margolis, Hank A. McCaughey, Harry Monson, Russell K. Munger, J. William Pallardy, Stephen Phillips, Richard P. Torn, Margaret S. Wharton, Sonia Zeri, Marcelo Richardson, Andrew D. TI Greenness indices from digital cameras predict the timing and seasonal dynamics of canopy-scale photosynthesis SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE deciduous broadleaf forest; digital repeat photography; evergreen needleleaf forest; grassland; gross primary productivity; PhenoCam; phenology; photosynthesis; seasonality ID DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST; NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUX; REPEAT PHOTOGRAPHY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ENERGY FLUXES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE; PLANT PHENOLOGY; NEAR-SURFACE AB The proliferation of digital cameras co-located with eddy covariance instrumentation provides new opportunities to better understand the relationship between canopy phenology and the seasonality of canopy photosynthesis. In this paper we analyze the abilities and limitations of canopy color metrics measured by digital repeat photography to track seasonal canopy development and photosynthesis, determine phenological transition dates, and estimate intra-annual and interannual variability in canopy photosynthesis. We used 59 site-years of camera imagery and net ecosystem exchange measurements from 17 towers spanning three plant functional types (deciduous broadleaf forest, evergreen needleleaf forest, and grassland/crops) to derive color indices and estimate gross primary productivity (GPP). GPP was strongly correlated with greenness derived from camera imagery in all three plant functional types. Specifically, the beginning of the photosynthetic period in deciduous broadleaf forest and grassland/crops and the end of the photosynthetic period in grassland/crops were both correlated with changes in greenness; changes in redness were correlated with the end of the photosynthetic period in deciduous broadleaf forest. However, it was not possible to accurately identify the beginning or ending of the photosynthetic period using camera greenness in evergreen needleleaf forest. At deciduous broadleaf sites, anomalies in integrated greenness and total GPP were significantly correlated up to 60 days after the mean onset date for the start of spring. More generally, results from this work demonstrate that digital repeat photography can be used to quantify both the duration of the photosynthetically active period as well as total GPP in deciduous broadleaf forest and grassland/crops, but that new and different approaches are required before comparable results can be achieved in evergreen needleleaf forest. C1 [Toomey, Michael; Klosterman, Stephen; Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, HUH, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Friedl, Mark A.] Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Frolking, Steve] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Hufkens, Koen] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Sonnentag, Oliver] Univ Montreal, Dept Geog, Montreal, PQ H2V 2B8, Canada. [Baldocchi, Dennis D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Biraud, Sebastien C.; Torn, Margaret S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Climate Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bohrer, Gil] Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Geodet Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brzostek, Edward] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Burns, Sean P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Coursolle, Carole; Margolis, Hank A.] Univ Laval, CEF, Fac Foresteries Geog & Geomat, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Hollinger, David Y.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [McCaughey, Harry] Queens Univ, Dept Geog, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Monson, Russell K.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pallardy, Stephen] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Phillips, Richard P.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Wharton, Sonia] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Zeri, Marcelo] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Ctr Ciencia Sistema Terrestre, BR-12630000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Toomey, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, HUH, 22 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM michaelptoomey@gmail.com RI Munger, J/H-4502-2013; Baldocchi, Dennis/A-1625-2009; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Burns, Sean/A-9352-2008; Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015; Biraud, Sebastien/M-5267-2013 OI Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452; Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919; Hufkens, Koen/0000-0002-5070-8109; Bohrer, Gil/0000-0002-9209-9540; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Burns, Sean/0000-0002-6258-1838; Biraud, Sebastien/0000-0001-7697-933X FU USDA Forest Service's Northeastern States Research Cooperative; National Science Foundation's Macro-system Biology Program [EF-1065029]; U.S. National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program; USA National Phenology Network from the United States Geological Survey [USGS] [G10AP00129]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1114804]; USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station; Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research (BER), U.S. Department of Energy; BER as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program and Atmospheric System Research program [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; BER [DE-SC0006708]; NSF [DEB-0911461]; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS); NSERC; Natural Resources Canada; Environment Canada FX Development of the PhenoCam network has been supported by the USDA Forest Service's Northeastern States Research Cooperative and the National Science Foundation's Macro-system Biology Program (award EF-1065029). M. Toomey was partially supported by the U.S. National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program and the USA National Phenology Network (grant number G10AP00129 from the United States Geological Survey [USGS]). Research at the Bartlett Experimental Forest tower was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant DEB-1114804), and the USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station. Research at Howland and Harvard Forest was supported by the Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research (BER), U.S. Department of Energy. Research at ARM Oklahoma was also supported by BER under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program and Atmospheric System Research program. Research at the UMBS was supported by BER (project DE-SC0006708) and NSF (grant DEB-0911461). The Groundhog and Chibougamau sites, as parts of the Canadian Carbon Program, received funding from the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS), NSERC, Natural Resources Canada, and Environment Canada. The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NSF or USGS. NR 74 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 60 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 1 BP 99 EP 115 DI 10.1890/14-0005.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA1JC UT WOS:000348667900009 PM 26255360 ER PT J AU Yospin, GI Bridgham, SD Neilson, RP Bolte, JP Bachelet, DM Gould, PJ Harrington, CA Kertis, JA Evers, C Johnson, BR AF Yospin, Gabriel I. Bridgham, Scott D. Neilson, Ronald P. Bolte, John P. Bachelet, Dominique M. Gould, Peter J. Harrington, Constance A. Kertis, Jane A. Evers, Cody Johnson, Bart R. TI A new model to simulate climate-change impacts on forest succession for local land management SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE agent-based model; disturbance; dynamic global vegetation model; Envision; fire; MC1; Oregon; state-and-transition simulation model; Willamette Valley ID GLOBAL VEGETATION MODEL; OAK QUERCUS-GARRYANA; WILLAMETTE VALLEY; FIRE; OREGON; CO2; ECOSYSTEMS; WASHINGTON; RESOLUTION; SCENARIOS AB We developed a new climate-sensitive vegetation state-and-transition simulation model (CV-STSM) to simulate future vegetation at a fine spatial grain commensurate with the scales of human land-use decisions, and under the joint influences of changing climate, site productivity, and disturbance. CV-STSM integrates outputs from four different modeling systems. Successional changes in tree species composition and stand structure were represented as transition probabilities and organized into a state-and-transition simulation model. States were characterized based on assessments of both current vegetation and of projected future vegetation from a dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM). State definitions included sufficient detail to support the integration of CV-STSM with an agent-based model of land-use decisions and a mechanistic model of fire behavior and spread. Transition probabilities were parameterized using output from a stand biometric model run across a wide range of site productivities. Biogeographic and biogeochemical projections from the DGVM were used to adjust the transition probabilities to account for the impacts of climate change on site productivity and potential vegetation type. We conducted experimental simulations in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA. Our simulation landscape incorporated detailed new assessments of critically imperiled Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) savanna and prairie habitats among the suite of existing and future vegetation types. The experimental design fully crossed four future climate scenarios with three disturbance scenarios. CV-STSM showed strong interactions between climate and disturbance scenarios. All disturbance scenarios increased the abundance of oak savanna habitat, but an interaction between the most intense disturbance and climate-change scenarios also increased the abundance of subtropical tree species. Even so, subtropical tree species were far less abundant at the end of simulations in CV-STSM than in the dynamic global vegetation model simulations. Our results indicate that dynamic global vegetation models may overestimate future rates of vegetation change, especially in the absence of stand-replacing disturbances. Modeling tools such as CV-STSM that simulate rates and direction of vegetation change affected by interactions and feedbacks between climate and land-use change can help policy makers, land managers, and society as a whole develop effective plans to adapt to rapidly changing climate. C1 [Yospin, Gabriel I.] Montana State Univ, Inst Ecosyst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Bridgham, Scott D.] Univ Oregon, Inst Environm Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Bridgham, Scott D.] Univ Oregon, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Neilson, Ronald P.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Bolte, John P.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bachelet, Dominique M.] Conservat Biol Inst, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Gould, Peter J.] Washington State Dept Nat Resources, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Harrington, Constance A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Kertis, Jane A.] USDA Forest Serv, Siuslaw Natl Forest, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Evers, Cody; Johnson, Bart R.] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Yospin, GI (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Inst Ecosyst, 106 AJM Johnson Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM Gabriel.Yospin@montana.edu FU National Science Foundation [0816475] FX The authors thank David Conklin and Timothy Sheehan for help with the development of code for MC1 and CV-STSM. The authors also thank two anonymous reviewers for extremely productive comments on the original manuscript. Funding for this work came from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. 0816475). NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 34 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 1 BP 226 EP 242 DI 10.1890/13-0906.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA1JC UT WOS:000348667900019 PM 26255370 ER PT J AU Yackulic, CB Nichols, JD Reid, J Der, R AF Yackulic, Charles B. Nichols, James D. Reid, Janice Der, Ricky TI To predict the niche, model colonization and extinction SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dynamic occupancy; environmental associations; geographic range dynamics; habitat selection; invasions; metapopulation; process models; species distribution models ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DYNAMICS; HABITAT; OCCUPANCY; NEIGHBORHOOD; UNCERTAINTY; COMPETITION; HYPOTHESIS; CORE AB Ecologists frequently try to predict the future geographic distributions of species. Most studies assume that the current distribution of a species reflects its environmental requirements (i.e., the species' niche). However, the current distributions of many species are unlikely to be at equilibrium with the current distribution of environmental conditions, both because of ongoing invasions and because the distribution of suitable environmental conditions is always changing. This mismatch between the equilibrium assumptions inherent in many analyses and the disequilibrium conditions in the real world leads to inaccurate predictions of species' geographic distributions and suggests the need for theory and analytical tools that avoid equilibrium assumptions. Here, we develop a general theory of environmental associations during periods of transient dynamics. We show that time-invariant relationships between environmental conditions and rates of local colonization and extinction can produce substantial temporal variation in occupancy environment relationships. We then estimate occupancy environment relationships during three avian invasions. Changes in occupancy environment relationships over time differ among species but are predicted by dynamic occupancy models. Since estimates of the occupancy environment relationships themselves are frequently poor predictors of future occupancy patterns, research should increasingly focus on characterizing how rates of local colonization and extinction vary with environmental conditions. C1 [Yackulic, Charles B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Yackulic, Charles B.; Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Yackulic, Charles B.; Der, Ricky] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Reid, Janice] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Yackulic, CB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM cyackulic@usgs.gov FU National Science Foundation [DBI-1003221] FX We thank M. Yard, T. Kennedy, S. Vanderkooi, C. Drost, J. Sauer, H. Possingham, and one anonymous reviewer for suggestions based on earlier drafts. This material was based partially upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Award Number DBI-1003221. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 43 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2015 VL 96 IS 1 BP 16 EP 23 DI 10.1890/14-1361.1 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA8VL UT WOS:000349198900003 PM 26236885 ER PT J AU Frost, CM Didham, RK Rand, TA Peralta, G Tylianakis, JM AF Frost, Carol M. Didham, Raphael K. Rand, Tatyana A. Peralta, Guadalupe Tylianakis, Jason M. TI Community-level net spillover of natural enemies from managed to natural forest SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE edge effect; generalist predator; Hymenoptera; land-sharing; land-sparing; New Zealand; parasitoid; productivity; specialist predator; spillover; Vespula germanica; Vespula vulgaris ID HETEROGENEOUS HABITAT COMPLEXES; WASPS VESPULA-VULGARIS; ZEALAND BEECH FOREST; FOOD-WEB STABILITY; APPARENT COMPETITION; EDGE STRUCTURE; EXPLOITATION ECOSYSTEMS; GENERALIST PREDATORS; BUDWORM LEPIDOPTERA; ARTHROPOD PESTS AB Edge effects in fragmented natural habitats may be exacerbated by intensive land use in the surrounding landscape. Given that most managed systems have higher primary productivity than adjacent natural systems, theory suggests that bottom-up subsidized consumers are likely to spill over from managed to natural habitats. Furthermore, the magnitude of spillover is likely to differ between generalist and specialist consumers, because of differences in their ability to use the full spectrum of resources. However, it is unknown whether there is indeed asymmetrical spillover of consumers between managed and natural habitats, and whether this is related to resource abundance or the trophic specialization of the consumer. We used flight intercept traps to measure spillover of generalist predators (Vespula wasps, Vespidae) and more specialist predators (106 species of parasitoids, Ichneumonidae and Braconidae) across habitat edges between native New Zealand forest and exotic plantation forest over a summer season. We found net spillover of both generalist and specialist predators from plantation to native forest, and that this was greater for generalists. To test whether natural enemy spillover from managed habitats was related to prey.(caterpillar) abundance (i.e., whether it was bottom-up productivity driven, due to increased primary productivity), we conducted a large-scale herbivore reduction experiment at half of our plantation sites, by helicopter spraying caterpillar-specific insecticide over 2.5 ha per site. We monitored bidirectional natural enemy spillover and found that herbivore reduction reduced generalist but not specialist predator spillover. Trophic generalists may benefit disproportionately from high resource productivity in a habitat, and their cross-habitat spillover effects on natural food webs may be an important source of consumer pressure in mosaic landscapes. C1 [Frost, Carol M.; Peralta, Guadalupe; Tylianakis, Jason M.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Didham, Raphael K.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Didham, Raphael K.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Ctr Environm & Life Sci, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia. [Rand, Tatyana A.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Tylianakis, Jason M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Life Sci, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. RP Frost, CM (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. EM carol7frost@gmail.com RI Didham, Raphael/B-5953-2011 FU Marsden Fund [UOC-0802]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Education New Zealand; University of Canterbury; Australian Research Council [FT100100040]; Rutherford Discovery Fellowship FX We thank Nelson Forests Ltd., Merrill & Ring, Hancock Timber Resource Group, M. Turbitt, D. Bryant, N. Buchanan, L. and P. Douglas, and the Department of Conservation for forest access. J. Dugdale, J. Berry, and R. Schnitzler provided taxonomic assistance. J. Ladley, and N. Etheridge assisted with trap construction. Y. Brindle, C. Hohe, S. Litchwark, S. Hunt, A. McLeod, L. O'Brien, A. Knight, L. Williamson, T. Lambert, H. McFarland, E. Allen, C. Thomas, R. McGee, K. Trotter, T. Watson, V. Nguyen, A. Young, D. Davies, and M. Bartlett assisted with caterpillar collection and rearing. B., D., D., and S. Ladley, M. Hat ley, and D. Payton provided field accommodation. The Tylianakis/Stouffer lab groups, J. Beggs, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This research and G. Peralta were supported by the Marsden Fund (UOC-0802). C. M. Frost was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Education New Zealand, and the University of Canterbury. R. K. Didham is funded by an Australian Research Council future fellowship FT100100040. J. M. Tylianakis is funded by a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship, administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand. NR 77 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 51 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2015 VL 96 IS 1 BP 193 EP 202 DI 10.1890/14-0696.1 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA8VL UT WOS:000349198900022 PM 26236904 ER PT J AU Beniston, JW Shipitalo, MJ Lal, R Dayton, EA Hopkins, DW Jones, F Joynes, A Dungait, JAJ AF Beniston, J. W. Shipitalo, M. J. Lal, R. Dayton, E. A. Hopkins, D. W. Jones, F. Joynes, A. Dungait, J. A. J. TI Carbon and macronutrient losses during accelerated erosion under different tillage and residue management SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; STOVER REMOVAL; CROP RESIDUES; LAND-USE; PHOSPHORUS; AGRICULTURE; MITIGATION; DYNAMICS; BIOFUELS AB There have been many studies on the effects of tillage on erosional losses from soil, but rarely have soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses been quantified simultaneously during a single erosion event. We applied a simulated rainfall event (70 mm hour(-1)) to plots within a gently sloping field (6%) in Ohio, USA, on which maize (C4) cultivation had replaced C3 vegetation several decades earlier. The plots were under different tillage management: (i) no till (NT100) for 42 years; (ii) NT100 plots from which 50% (NT50) or (iii) 100% (NT0) of crop residues were removed annually for 8 years; (iv) NT100 plots tilled 24 hours previously (TNT); and (v) conventional tillage (CT) for 28 years. Relationships between SOC, N and P concentrations and natural abundance C-13 : N-15 stable isotope values in the topsoils and sediments suggested that eroded SOC and TN were associated with the erosion of soil organic matter, whilst P losses were driven by the transport of the mineral fraction. Stable C-13 isotope analyses revealed that tillage and residue removal both increased the proportion of older (C3), rather than new (C4, maize-derived), SOC in eroded sediments. This study therefore demonstrated that a single tillage event after 42 years of continuous no-till caused larger erosional fluxes than 8 years of continuous removal of all maize residues, and that long-term conventional tillage resulted in the loss of a greater amount of older (> 28 years) SOC in eroded sediments, compared with continuous NT management. C1 [Beniston, J. W.; Lal, R.; Dayton, E. A.; Jones, F.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Shipitalo, M. J.] ARS, North Appalachian Expt Watershed, USDA, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. [Hopkins, D. W.] Royal Agr Univ, Sch Agr Food & Environm, Cirencester GL7 6JS, Glos, England. [Joynes, A.; Dungait, J. A. J.] Rothamsted Res, Sustainable Soils & Grassland Syst Dept, Okehampton EX20 2SB, Devon, England. RP Dungait, JAJ (reprint author), Rothamsted Res, Sustainable Soils & Grassland Syst Dept, Okehampton EX20 2SB, Devon, England. EM jennifer.dungait@rothamsted.ac.uk OI Shipitalo, Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345; Dungait, Jennifer/0000-0001-9074-4174 FU Stapledon Trust; BBSRC FX The authors wish to thank the NAEW staff for their help with access to and sampling of the experiment, especially Jim Buxton and Jim Bonta, and Shane Whitacre at OSU for help with P analysis. JAJD also thanks the Stapledon Trust for financial support for travel to the USA. This work represents part of the BBSRC-funded programmes at Rothamsted Research on 'Sustainable Soil Function' and 'Bioenergy and Climate Change'. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-0754 EI 1365-2389 J9 EUR J SOIL SCI JI Eur. J. Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 66 IS 1 SI SI BP 218 EP 225 DI 10.1111/ejss.12205 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AZ9GC UT WOS:000348520600023 ER PT J AU Gregory, CA Deb, P AF Gregory, Christian A. Deb, Partha TI Does SNAP improve your health? SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE Food assistance; Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; Health status; Self-assessed health; Health utilization; Latent factor approach AB In this study, we examine the effect of SNAP on health quite generally, examining self-assessed health (SAH), healthy time, and basic health utilization measures as outcomes. Our approach is to model outcomes and participation simultaneously, using exogenous variation in state eligibility to identify SNAP participation. We use this approach for both ordered choices (health) and count outcomes (sickdays, office-based visits, outpatient visits), where the former uses maximum likelihood and the latter maximum simulated likelihood. In addition, we control for state-level unobservables that are correlated with both participation and health, which previous studies of this question have neglected. Our results indicate that SNAP has an consistently positive effect on SAH; it significantly increases the probability of reporting excellent or very good health. We also find that SNAP participants spend about 3 fewer days in bed due to illness each year, and report between 1 and 2 fewer office-based doctor visits and a fraction fewer outpatient visits. Supplementary specifications indicate that, although SNAP participants consume fewer office visits overall, they have more checkups than comparable non-participants. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gregory, Christian A.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Food Econ Div, Diet Safety & Hlth Econ Branch, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Deb, Partha] CUNY, Hunter Coll, Dept Econ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Deb, Partha] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Dept Econ, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Gregory, CA (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Food Econ Div, Diet Safety & Hlth Econ Branch, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM cgregory@ers.usda.gov; partha.deb@hunter.cuny.edu FU AHRQ FX The research in this paper was conducted at the CFACT Data Center, and the support of AHRQ is acknowledged. The results and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not indicate concurrence by AHRQ or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 EI 1873-5657 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.09.010 PG 9 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CA2OY UT WOS:000348748600002 ER PT J AU Bal, TL Storer, AJ Jurgensen, MF Doskey, PV Amacher, MC AF Bal, Tara L. Storer, Andrew J. Jurgensen, Martin F. Doskey, Paul V. Amacher, Michael C. TI Nutrient stress predisposes and contributes to sugar maple dieback across its northern range: a review SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID ACER-SACCHARUM MARSH; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; BASE CATION FERTILIZATION; NITROGEN DEPOSITION GRADIENT; MEMBRANE-ASSOCIATED CALCIUM; EXOTIC EARTHWORM INVASION; BROOK-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; LEAF PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; AIR-POLLUTION GRADIENT; COMMELINA-COMMUNIS L AB Over the last 60 years, multiple studies have attributed sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) dieback and decline to nutrient status, interaction and tree stress. Site differences in deficient, toxic or antagonistic levels of soil calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, manganese and aluminium are correlated with mortality and dieback in many studies. In general, a single nutrient is rarely determined to be responsible for poor sugar maple health. Other factors such as defoliation, management, climate fluctuations and soil biota can play key roles in dieback. Nutrient stresses can greatly increase the risk of injury and mortality from other biotic or abiotic stresses. Anthropogenic inputs and climate change may also cause perturbation of nutrient or pH thresholds for sugar maple. Therefore, historical sugar maple sites may no longer be suitable to support a healthy sugar maple forest under current management regimes. The following is a review of locations, symptoms and studies of the relationship of mineral stress to sugar maple health, which will be useful information for forest resource managers to consider when faced with maple health issues. Conclusions developed from this review are as follows: (1) land managers should consider soil nutrition in decision-making concerning sugar maple, (2) standardization of evaluation methods for tree nutrition is somewhat lacking and (3) additional multidisciplinary research is needed to clarify the interacting factors affecting sugar maple health and nutrition. C1 [Bal, Tara L.; Storer, Andrew J.; Jurgensen, Martin F.; Doskey, Paul V.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Amacher, Michael C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan Forestry Sci Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Bal, TL (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM tlbal@mtu.edu NR 244 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 55 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X EI 1464-3626 J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JAN PY 2015 VL 88 IS 1 BP 64 EP 83 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpu051 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AZ6PB UT WOS:000348340200007 ER PT J AU Ducey, MJ Gove, JH AF Ducey, Mark J. Gove, Jeffrey H. TI Size-biased distributions in the generalized beta distribution family, with applications to forestry SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID DIAMETER DISTRIBUTIONS; WEIGHTED DISTRIBUTIONS; GAMMA-DISTRIBUTION; STANDS; MODELS; INCOME AB Size-biased distributions arise in many forestry applications, as well as other environmental, econometric, and biomedical sampling problems. We examine the size-biased versions of the generalized beta of the first kind, generalized beta of the second kind and generalized gamma distributions. These distributions include, as special cases, the Dagum (Burr Type III), Singh-Maddala (Burr Type XII) and Fisk distributions as well as better-studied distributions such as the Weibull, lognormal, beta (of the first and second kind), gamma and exponential. Our results indicate that specification and estimation of the size-biased forms of these distributions can be viewed within a unified framework. This should facilitate broader application of size-biased distributions in forestry sampling, modeling and analysis. C1 [Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Gove, Jeffrey H.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Ducey, MJ (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, 114 James Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM mark.ducey@unh.edu RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 FU New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture McIntire Project NH-00067-M [226391] FX Partial funding was provided by the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. This is Scientific Contribution Number 2576. This work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture McIntire Project NH-00067-M, #226391. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X EI 1464-3626 J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JAN PY 2015 VL 88 IS 1 BP 143 EP 151 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpu038 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AZ6PB UT WOS:000348340200013 ER PT J AU Anderson, RG Wang, D Tirado-Corbala, R Zhang, H Ayars, JE AF Anderson, R. G. Wang, D. Tirado-Corbala, R. Zhang, H. Ayars, J. E. TI Divergence of actual and reference evapotranspiration observations for irrigated sugarcane with windy tropical conditions SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PENMAN-MONTEITH EQUATION; PRIESTLEY-TAYLOR MODEL; ENERGY-BALANCE; WATER-USE; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; DEFICIT IRRIGATION; SURFACE-RESISTANCE; CANOPY RESISTANCE; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE AB Standardized reference evapotranspiration (ET) and ecosystem-specific vegetation coefficients are frequently used to estimate actual ET. However, equations for calculating reference ET have not been well validated in tropical environments. We measured ET (ETEC) using eddy covariance (EC) towers at two irrigated sugarcane fields on the leeward (dry) side of Maui, Hawaii, USA in contrasting climates. We calculated reference ET at the fields using the short (ET0) and tall (ETr) vegetation versions of the American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE) equation. The ASCE equations were compared to the Priestley-Taylor ET (ETPT) and ETEC. Reference ET from the ASCE approaches exceeded ETEC during the mid-period (when vegetation coefficients suggest ETEC should exceed reference ET). At the windier tower site, cumulative ETr exceeded ETEC by 854mm over the course of the mid-period (267 days). At the less windy site, mid-period ETr still exceeded ETEC, but the difference was smaller (443 mm). At both sites, ETPT approximated midperiod ETEC more closely than the ASCE equations ((ETPTETEC) < 170 mm). Analysis of applied water and precipitation, soil moisture, leaf stomatal resistance, and canopy cover suggest that the lower observed ETEC was not the result of water stress or reduced vegetation cover. Use of a customcalibrated bulk canopy resistance improved the reference ET estimate and reduced seasonal ET discrepancy relative to ETPT and ETEC in the less windy field and had mixed performance in the windier field. These divergences suggest that modifications to reference ET equations may be warranted in some tropical regions. C1 [Anderson, R. G.; Wang, D.; Tirado-Corbala, R.; Zhang, H.; Ayars, J. E.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. [Anderson, R. G.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Contaminant Fate & Transport Unit, Riverside, CA USA. [Tirado-Corbala, R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Crops & Agroenvironm Sci Dept, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Zhang, H.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Anderson, RG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. EM ray.anderson@ars.usda.gov OI Anderson, Ray/0000-0002-6202-5890 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service, national program: Water Availability and Watershed Management [211]; US Navy, Office of Naval Research FX We thank Ilja van Meerveld, Lixin Wang, Maarten Waterloo, and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback on this manuscript. Don Schukraft discussed previous meteorological investigations and observations at the farm. Jim Gartung, ARS-Parlier, assisted with the establishment of the EC tower and TetraCam measurements. David Grantz provided insight into the historical evaluation of ET data for Hawaiian sugarcane. Adel Youkhana, Neil Abranyi, Jason Drogowski, and the farm crew assisted with data collection and field logistical support. This research was supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service, national program 211: Water Availability and Watershed Management and by the US Navy, Office of Naval Research. Note: the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program (not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 103 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2015 VL 19 IS 1 BP 583 EP 599 DI 10.5194/hess-19-583-2015 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA CA5EA UT WOS:000348929800033 ER PT J AU Santin, M Fayer, R AF Santin, Monica Fayer, Ronald TI Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium Infecting White-tailed Deer SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Molecular epidemiology; PCR ID CARIBOU RANGIFER-TARANDUS; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; CAPREOLUS-CAPREOLUS L; BOARS SUS-SCROFA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DAIRY-CATTLE; WILD MAMMALS; 1ST REPORT; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; CYCLOSPORA-CAYETANENSIS AB Despite a white-tailed deer (WTD) population in the United States of approximately 32 million animals extremely little is known of the prevalence and species of the protists that infect these animals. This study was undertaken to determine the presence of potential human protist pathogens in culled WTD in central Maryland. Feces from fawns to adults were examined by molecular methods. The prevalence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia was determined by PCR. All PCR-positive specimens were sequenced to determine the species and genotype(s). Of specimens from 80 WTD, 26 (32.5%) contained 17 genotypes of E. bieneusi. Four genotypes were previously reported (I, J, WL4, LW1) and 13 novel genotypes were identified and named DeerEb1-DeerEb13. Genotypes I, J, and LW1 are known to infect humans. Ten (12.5%) specimens contained the Cryptosporidium deer genotype, and one (1.25%) contained Giardia duodenalis Assemblage A. The identification zoonotic G. duodenalis Assemblage A as well as four E. bieneusi genotypes previously identified in humans suggest that WTD could play a role in the transmission of those parasites to humans. C1 [Santin, Monica; Fayer, Ronald] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Santin, M (reprint author), ARS, EMFSL, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM monica.santin-duran@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5234 EI 1550-7408 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 62 IS 1 BP 34 EP 43 DI 10.1111/jeu.12155 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CA2DB UT WOS:000348718000006 PM 25066778 ER PT J AU Verma, SK Su, CL Dubey, JP AF Verma, Shiv K. Su, Chunlei Dubey, Jitender P. TI Toxoplasma gondii Isolates from Mouflon Sheep (Ovis ammon) from Hawaii, USA SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bioassay; genotype; mouflon sheep; PCR-RFLP ID WILD RUMINANTS; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES; OOCYSTS AB Little is known of Toxoplasma gondii isolates circulating in wildlife. The mouflon (Ovis ammon) is very popular game animal, hunted for its trophy horns. Here, we report the isolation and genetic characterization of T. gondii from two mouflons from Hawaii, USA. Both sheep had antibodies titers of 1:800 or higher. Viable T. gondii were isolated and nested PCR-RFLP genotyping revealed two genotypes, a clonal Type III (designated TgMouflonUS1), and a new genotype (designated TgMouflonUS2, and ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotypes #249). This is the first report of T. gondii infection, isolation and genetic characterization in mouflons from the USA. C1 [Verma, Shiv K.; Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Su, Chunlei] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5234 EI 1550-7408 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 62 IS 1 BP 141 EP 143 DI 10.1111/jeu.12151 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CA2DB UT WOS:000348718000015 PM 25066494 ER PT J AU Levy, RC Kozak, GM Wadsworth, CB Coates, BS Dopman, EB AF Levy, R. C. Kozak, G. M. Wadsworth, C. B. Coates, B. S. Dopman, E. B. TI Explaining the sawtooth: latitudinal periodicity in a circadian gene correlates with shifts in generation number SO JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE circadian rhythms; developmental timing; diapause; latitudinal cline; phenology; seasonality; voltinism ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; PHOTOPERIODIC DIAPAUSE INDUCTION; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS LEPIDOPTERA; DISTINCT VOLTINE ECOTYPES; LIFE-HISTORY ADAPTATION; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HOST-PLANT; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION; REPRODUCTIVE DIAPAUSE AB Many temperate insects take advantage of longer growing seasons at lower latitudes by increasing their generation number or voltinism. In some insects, development time abruptly decreases when additional generations are fit into the season. Consequently, latitudinal sawtooth' clines associated with shifts in voltinism are seen for phenotypes correlated with development time, like body size. However, latitudinal variation in voltinism has not been linked to genetic variation at specific loci. Here, we show a pattern in allele frequency among voltinism ecotypes of the European corn borer moth (Ostrinia nubilalis) that is reminiscent of a sawtooth cline. We characterized 145 autosomal and sex-linked SNPs and found that period, a circadian gene that is genetically linked to a major QTL determining variation in post-diapause development time, shows cyclical variation between voltinism ecotypes. Allele frequencies at an unlinked circadian clock gene cryptochrome1 were correlated with period. These results suggest that selection on development time to fit' complete life cycles into a latitudinally varying growing season produces oscillations in alleles associated with voltinism, primarily through changes at loci underlying the duration of transitions between diapause and other life history phases. Correlations among clock loci suggest possible coupling between the circadian clock and the circannual rhythms for synchronizing seasonal life history. We anticipate that latitudinal oscillations in allele frequency will represent signatures of adaptation to seasonal environments in other insects and may be critical to understanding the ecological and evolutionary consequences of variable environments, including response to global climate change. C1 [Levy, R. C.; Kozak, G. M.; Wadsworth, C. B.; Dopman, E. B.] Tufts Univ, Dept Biol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Coates, B. S.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit,Genet Lab, Ames, IA USA. RP Dopman, EB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Biol, 200 Boston Ave,Ste 4700, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM erik.dopman@tufts.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1257251]; United States Department of Agriculture [2010-65106-20610]; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (CRIS Project) [3625-22000-017-00]; Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA [3543] FX We thank Mitzi Wilkening and the other staff at the Iowa State University Genomic Technologies Facility for performing the Sequenom Assay. Roxana Khozein and Xinnan Li assisted with primer design and Sequenom assay marker development; Charles Linn provided insect stocks; Thomas Sappington and Kyung Seok Kim provided field collected samples; Shoshanna Kahne assisted with figures and pedigree family genotyping; and Gabriel Golczer provided help with R scripts. Thomas Flatt, Mark Scriber and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful feedback on the manuscript. This study was funded by National Science Foundation (EBD: DEB-1257251) and United States Department of Agriculture (EBD: 2010-65106-20610). A portion of this research was also supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (BSC: CRIS Project 3625-22000-017-00) and the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA (BSC: Project 3543). NR 97 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1010-061X EI 1420-9101 J9 J EVOLUTION BIOL JI J. Evol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 28 IS 1 BP 40 EP 53 DI 10.1111/jeb.12562 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CA6BH UT WOS:000348992900004 PM 25430782 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC AF Bragg, Don C. TI Plant a Tree, Save the Planet? SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID FOREST; CLIMATE C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Monticello, AR USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Monticello, AR USA. EM braggd@safinet.org NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 113 IS 1 BP 5 EP 6 DI 10.5849/jof.13-690 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CA1WA UT WOS:000348698300001 ER PT J AU Kilgore, MA Snyder, SA Eryilmaz, D Markowski-Lindsay, MA Butler, BJ Kittredge, DB Catanzaro, PF Hewes, JH Andrejczyk, K AF Kilgore, Michael A. Snyder, Stephanie A. Eryilmaz, Derya Markowski-Lindsay, Marla A. Butler, Brett J. Kittredge, David B. Catanzaro, Paul F. Hewes, Jaketon H. Andrejczyk, Kyle TI Assessing the Relationship between Different Forms of Landowner Assistance and Family Forest Owner Behaviors and Intentions SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE management plan; cost-share program; advice; landowner assistance; family forest landowner; National Woodland Owner Survey ID UNITED-STATES; PROGRAM AB In this study, we examine how family forest owners who receive various types of assistance differ from unassisted landowners with respect to their forestland management practices, attitudes and concerns, and future management, use, and ownership intentions. We do so by utilizing a national database containing information on private forest owners and the forestland they own. By defining an assisted landowner according to several attributes contained in this database (e.g., has a forest management plan, received cost-share assistance, or received advice), important similarities and differences between recipients and nonrecipients of various types of assistance are identified. The study shows that assisted and unassisted landowners are different with respect to several characteristics of the owners and the forestland they own, land management practices undertaken, and reasons for forest landownership. For example, assisted landowners are more likely to harvest timber and improve wildlife habitat than the unassisted owners. Yet no distinctions are found between assisted and unassisted landowners with respect to their plans to either subdivide or sell their land. In many cases, the differences between assisted and unassisted landowners are not related to the type of assistance the landowner received. C1 [Kilgore, Michael A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Snyder, Stephanie A.; Butler, Brett J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mentone, CA USA. [Eryilmaz, Derya] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Markowski-Lindsay, Marla A.] Family Forest Res Center, Bear Lake, CA USA. [Kittredge, David B.; Catanzaro, Paul F.; Hewes, Jaketon H.; Andrejczyk, Kyle] Univ Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA USA. RP Kilgore, MA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mkilgore@umn.edu; stephaniesnyder@fs.fed.us; eryil001@umn.edu; marla@eco.umass.edu; bbutler01@fs.fed.us; dbk@eco.umass.edu; cat@umext.umass.edu; jhewes@eco.umass.edu; kandrejc@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Cooperative Forestry program [12-CS-11242305-061, 12-CS-11242305-062]; Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station [MN 42-054] FX This project was funded, in part, by the USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Cooperative Forestry program (Grants 12-CS-11242305-061 and 12-CS-11242305-062) and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station under Project MN 42-054. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 113 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.5849/jof.13-059 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CA1WA UT WOS:000348698300003 ER PT J AU Germain, RH Yanai, RD Mishler, AK Yang, Y Park, BB AF Germain, Rene H. Yanai, Ruth D. Mishler, Andrew K. Yang, Yang Park, Byung Bae TI Landscape and Individual Tree Predictors of Dark Heart Size in Sugar Maple SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE heartwood; wood procurement; wood discoloration; logging damage; forest management ID NONINDUSTRIAL PRIVATE FORESTLAND; RED HEARTWOOD; ALLEGHENY PLATEAU; YELLOW BIRCH; NEW-YORK; PROPORTION; HARDWOODS; DECLINE; HEALTH; GROWTH AB The high value of sugar maple logs and lumber depends on the wood being light-colored and clear of defects. Predicting the size of dark hearts in trees before they are harvested is very important to foresters, forest landowners, and sawmills. We investigated many possible predictors of the heart size of sugar maple in 10 sites in New York State. Heart size ratios by site ranged from 12 to 42%, averaging 23%. At the site level, trees with large hearts were more common on more acid soils (P = 0.04). Flaky bark, poor crown ratios, and lower grade stems were correlated with large hearts across the sample of 265 trees. Visible tree injury, competition, and tree diameter were not consistently related to heart size ratios of trees. Steep slopes were associated with large hearts. Other physiographic factors (slope and landform) differed in their effect by site, possibly due to local histories of storm damage. In conclusion, predicting dark heart in sugar maple is likely to remain challenging. C1 [Germain, Rene H.; Yanai, Ruth D.; Yang, Yang] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Mishler, Andrew K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mentone, CA USA. [Park, Byung Bae] Chungnam Natl Univ, Chungnam, South Korea. RP Germain, RH (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM rhgermai@esf.edu; rdyanai@syr.edu FU Wood Education and Resource Center of the USDA Forest Service [05-DG-357] FX Peter Collin, Scott Graham, Bob Davis, Rick Denial, Brent Oblinger, Eric Ross, Ben Snyder, Scott Graham, and Andy Hayes identified maple sales for us to study. T. Adam Coates, Frank Cetera, Dustin Wood, Nick Pitel, and Bill O'Neill helped measure trees and stumps in the field. Chuck Schirmer, Bill O'Neill, and Pilar Lyons contributed to the laboratory analyses. Nate Anderson and Cassie Pinkoski helped with the map, and Bill O'Neill designed the other figures. Kevin Smith provided valuable insight on dark heart formation, and Eddie Bevilacqua provided statistical advice. This project was funded by the Wood Education and Resource Center of the USDA Forest Service (Grant 05-DG-357). NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 113 IS 1 BP 20 EP 29 DI 10.5849/jof.14-004 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CA1WA UT WOS:000348698300004 ER PT J AU Hummel, S Lake, FK AF Hummel, S. Lake, F. K. TI Forest Site Classification for Cultural Plant Harvest by Tribal Weavers Can Inform Management SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE forest structure; cultural plants; silviculture; basketry; traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) ID TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SCIENCE; EDUCATION AB Do qualitative classifications of ecological conditions for harvesting culturally important forest plants correspond to quantitative differences among sites? To address this question, we blended scientific methods (SEK) and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) to identify conditions on sites considered good, marginal, or poor for harvesting the leaves of a plant (beargrass; Xerophyllum tenox) used in tribal basket weaving. We relied on voluntary participation of six expert weavers, a stratified, randomized field sample, discriminant analysis (DA), a standardized color system, and paired t-tests. We accepted each weaver's classification (good, marginal, or poor) of forested sites for beargrass harvest and then measured forest and plant attributes on two plots at each harvest area in each class (n = 72). The DA yielded descriptive but not predictive results. Coarse woody debris (CWD) levels and the number of trees (trees per acre [TPA]) differed significantly between good and poor sites across California, Oregon, and Washington, whereas basal area did not. Good sites had less CWD (P = 0.0360) and fewer TPA (P = 0.001) than poor sites. Variations in leaf color decreased as the site class for plant harvest improved. Results reveal a crosswalk between ecological knowledge derived via SEK and TEK for culturally important plants. C1 [Hummel, S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Lake, F. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland, OR USA. RP Hummel, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. EM shummel@fs.fed.us; franklake@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station through the CRAG program FX We express our appreciation to each tribal weaver who participated in the study. We thank Breanna Gervais for assistance with fieldwork and for contributions to Figure 3, Pat Cunningham for assistance with multivariate data analysis, Beth Bambrick for contributions to Figure 4, and Julie Johnson for contributions to Figure 2 and Table 1. The USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station provided financial support for this research through the CRAG program. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 113 IS 1 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.5849/jof.13-082 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CA1WA UT WOS:000348698300005 ER PT J AU North, M Brough, A Long, J Collins, B Bowden, P Yasuda, D Miller, J Sugihara, N AF North, Malcolm Brough, April Long, Jonathan Collins, Brandon Bowden, Phil Yasuda, Don Miller, Jay Sugihara, Neil TI Constraints on Mechanized Treatment Significantly Limit Mechanical Fuels Reduction Extent in the Sierra Nevada SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE forest planning; fuels management; mixed conifer; prescribed burning; wildfire ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; FIRE BEHAVIOR; CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE; FORESTS; USA; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH AB With air quality, liability, and safety concerns, prescribed burning and managed wildfire are often considered impractical treatments for extensive fuels reduction in western US forests. For California's Sierra Nevada forests, we evaluated the alternative and analyzed the amount and distribution of constraints on mechanical fuels treatments on USDA Forest Service land. With the use of current standards and guides, feedback from practicing silviculturists, and GIS databases, we developed a hierarchy of biological (i.e., nonproductive forest), legal (i.e., wilderness), operational (i.e., equipment access), and administrative (i.e., sensitive species and riparian areas) constraints. Of the Sierra Nevada Bioregion's 10.7 million acres in USDA Forest Service ownership, 58% contains productive forest and 25% is available to mechanical treatment. National forests in the southern Sierra Nevada have higher levels of constraint due to more wilderness and steeper, more remote terrain. We evaluated different levels of operational constraints and found that increasing road building and operating on steeper slopes had less effect on increasing mechanical access than removing economic considerations (i.e., accessing sites regardless of timber volume). Constraints due to sensitive species habitat and riparian areas only reduced productive forest access by 8%. We divided the Sierra Nevada Bioregion into 710 subwatersheds (mean size of 22,800 acres) with >25% Forest Service ownership as an approximation of a relevant management planning unit for fire or "fireshed." Only 20% of these subwatersheds had enough unconstrained acreage to effectively contain or suppress wildfire with mechanical treatment alone. Analysis suggests mechanical treatment in most subwatersheds could be more effective if it established a fuel-reduced "anchor" from which prescribed and managed fire could be strategically expanded. With potential future increases in wildfire size and severity, fire policy and forest restoration might benefit if mechanical thinning is more widely used to leverage and complement managed fire. C1 [North, Malcolm; Long, Jonathan; Collins, Brandon] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Brough, April; Collins, Brandon; Bowden, Phil; Yasuda, Don; Miller, Jay; Sugihara, Neil] US Forest Serv, USDA, Davis, CA USA. RP North, M (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. EM mnorth@ucdavis.edu; ambrough@fs.fed.us; jwlong@fs.fed.us; bmcollins@fs.fed.us; pbowden@fs.fed.us; dyasuda@fs.fed.us; jaymiller@fs.fed.us; nsugihara@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Regional Planning Team FX We thank Joann Fites and Sonja Lin, USDA Forest Service Regional Planning Team, for feedback and support during this project. We are also grateful for the discussions and review of our operational and administrative constraints by Forest Service silviculturists Ryan Tompkins, Dana Walsh, Don Errington, Ramiro Rojas, Dave Fournier, Maria Benech, Scott Conway, and Joe Sherlock. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 18 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 113 IS 1 BP 40 EP 48 DI 10.5849/jof.14-058 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CA1WA UT WOS:000348698300006 ER PT J AU Meyer, MD AF Meyer, Marc D. TI Forest Fire Severity Patterns of Resource Objective Wildfires in the Southern Sierra Nevada SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE resource objective wildfire; natural range of variation; fire severity; fire benefits; Sierra Nevada ID YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; WILDERNESS AREAS; BURN SEVERITY; RESTORATION FRAMEWORK; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FEDERAL FORESTS; WILDLAND FIRE; CALIFORNIA; USA AB Distinguishing favorable versus undesirable outcomes of wildland fires in coniferous forest ecosystems is challenging and requires a clear and objective approach. I applied the natural range of variation (NRV) concept and used fire severity indicators to evaluate the possible effects of wildfires managed for resource benefits (hereafter "resource objective wildfires") in four national forests of the southern Sierra Nevada, California. Results indicated that resource objective wildfires in coniferous forests were overwhelmingly within the NRV with respect to fire severity proportions and mean and maximum high-severity patch size. These results suggest that the continued and expanded use of resource objective wildfires, including the establishment of "demonstration firesheds" within and across administrative boundaries, has the potential to vastly increase the scale of regional forest, restoration efforts in the western United States. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Sierra Natl Forest, Clovis, CA USA. RP Meyer, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Sierra Natl Forest, Clovis, CA USA. EM mdmeyer@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region FX I thank Stephanie Eyes for her technical assistance and Susan Roberts, Malcolm North, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier version of this article. Brad Quayle and Tony Guay at the USDA Forest Service, Remote Sensing Applications Center, Rapid Disturbance Assessment and Services Program, kindly provided fire severity data for the 2011 Lion Fire, and Jay Miller with USDA Forest Service, Region 5 Fire and Aviation Management provided helpful feedback on analysis approaches for these data. I also thank Heidi Hosler with the Sequoia National Forest for providing prefire vegetation data. Funding for this project was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region. NR 73 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 15 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 113 IS 1 BP 49 EP 56 DI 10.5849/jof.14-084 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CA1WA UT WOS:000348698300007 ER PT J AU Prom, LK Perumal, R Montes-Garcia, N Isakeit, T Odvody, GN Rooney, WL Little, CR Magill, C AF Prom, Louis K. Perumal, Ramasamy Montes-Garcia, Noe Isakeit, Thomas Odvody, Gary N. Rooney, William L. Little, Christopher R. Magill, Clint TI Evaluation of Gambian and Malian sorghum germplasm against downy mildew pathogen, Peronosclerospora sorghi, in Mexico and the USA SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sorghum; Germplasm; Peronosclerospora sorghi; SDM; Pathotype ID RESISTANCE; AFRICA; TEXAS AB The recent outbreak of sorghum downy mildew (SDM) in Texas, USA caused by pathotype P3 of Peronosclerospora sorghi, which is resistant to standard fungicide seed treatment, and the subsequent development of a new pathotype, P6, that overcame resistance in some hybrids, has emphasized the importance of continuing to develop new sources with genetic resistance. Eighty-two exotic Gambian and Malian germplasms and 10 sorghum lines commonly used as SDM pathotype differentials were field-evaluated in a randomized complete block design replicated three times at one Mexican location (Ocotlan, Jalisco) in 2004 and 2005, and two USA locations (Louise and New Taiton, TX, USA) in 2005 to identify new sources of SDM resistance. Accessions PI609151 and PI609442 from Mali had high levels of SDM resistance at all locations. Malian accession PI612815 also had a moderate to resistant reaction to SDM in two of the three locations. Accession PI522108 from Gambia was resistant in Mexico but susceptible in Louise, TX, USA. The reaction of the 10 lines used as differentials suggested the presence of a pathotype in Mexico that differed from those in the USA. C1 [Prom, Louis K.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Perumal, Ramasamy] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Montes-Garcia, Noe] Ctr Invest Reg Noreste, Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Rio Bravo 88900, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [Isakeit, Thomas; Magill, Clint] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Odvody, Gary N.] Texas AgriLife Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Corpus Christi, TX 78406 USA. [Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Little, Christopher R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Prom, LK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM louis.prom@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1345-2630 EI 1610-739X J9 J GEN PLANT PATHOL JI J. Gen. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 81 IS 1 BP 24 EP 31 DI 10.1007/s10327-014-0557-8 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CA5XV UT WOS:000348982600004 ER PT J AU Kharel, K Arthur, FH Zhu, KY Campbell, JF Subramanyam, B AF Kharel, Kabita Arthur, Frank H. Zhu, Kun Yan Campbell, James F. Subramanyam, Bhadriraju TI Influence of temperature and artificially-created physical barriers on the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin aerosol SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pyrethrin aerosols; Tribolium confusum; Flour mills; Barriers; Seasonal temperatures ID TRIBOLIUM-CONFUSUM COLEOPTERA; STORED-PRODUCT; CASTANEUM; TENEBRIONIDAE AB The dispersal of aerosol insecticides within a flour mill may be hampered by barriers created from machinery and other equipment that block dispersion. Additionally, seasonal temperature variations may influence aerosol dispersion and subsequent effectiveness against stored product insects. The influence of barriers and temperatures on the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin aerosol against adults and pupae of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum (Jacquelin du Val), was evaluated in experimental sheds. Insects were exposed to the aerosol at target temperatures of 22, 27, and 32 degrees C. Wooden boxes 1 m in length, 20 cm in width, and 5, 10, or 20 cm in height were used for creating different open and concealed areas for exposing insects. Results showed that exposing adults of T confusum in open areas produced more moribund adults (those knocked down and unable to move except for reflex twitching or unable to respond when touched with a probe) at all temperatures, while survival increased with increasing distance from the front to the back of the boxes. Given the decreased survival, it would appear that more aerosol dispersed under the box height of 20 cm compared to 5 and 10 cm box heights because survival was generally less under the 20 cm box compared to the other two. Less than 2% of the pupae exposed in the open emerged as adults, but as the distance increased from the front to the back of the box adult emergence from these exposed pupae increased. Synergized pyrethrin aerosol can provide good control of T. confusum pupae and adults and may not be affected by seasonal temperature variations, but aerosol dispersion into obstructed or concealed areas may affect control. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kharel, Kabita; Zhu, Kun Yan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Arthur, Frank H.; Campbell, James F.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Subramanyam, Bhadriraju] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kharel, Kabita] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions program [2010-51102-21660] FX We would like to express our sincere thanks to B. Barnett, R. Hammel, and K. Hartzer for technical assistance. We thank Entech Corporation for providing the insecticide used in this study. This research was partially funded by the Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions program (grant number 2010-51102-21660). Insect voucher specimens were deposited at the Kansas State University Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research under the voucher number 226. This paper is contribution number 14-029-J of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture or by Kansas State University, The USDA and Kansas State University are equal opportunity providers and employers. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 60 BP 36 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.10.004 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CA4SZ UT WOS:000348895900007 ER PT J AU Garcia-Chevesich, P Valdes-Pineda, R Neary, D Pizarro, R AF Garcia-Chevesich, P. Valdes-Pineda, R. Neary, D. Pizarro, R. TI USING RAINWATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES FOR FIREFIGHTING IN FOREST PLANTATIONS SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Garcia-Chevesich, P.; Valdes-Pineda, R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Neary, D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Pizarro, R.] Univ Talca, Fac Forest Engn, Talca, Chile. RP Garcia-Chevesich, P (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, 1133 E James E Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM rpizarro@utalca.cl NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST RESEARCH INST MALAYSIA PI KUALA LUMPUR PA PUBLICATION UNIT, KEPONG, KUALA LUMPUR 52109, MALAYSIA SN 0128-1283 J9 J TROP FOR SCI JI J. Trop. For. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 27 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CB2BH UT WOS:000349431200001 ER PT J AU Guerrero-Chavez, R Glover, KD Rouse, MN Gonzalez-Hernandez, JL AF Guerrero-Chavez, Rosa Glover, Karl D. Rouse, Matthew N. Gonzalez-Hernandez, Jose L. TI Mapping of two loci conferring resistance to wheat stem rust pathogen races TTKSK (Ug99) and TRTTF in the elite hard red spring wheat line SD4279 SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Puccinia graminis. f. sp tritici; Ug99; TRTTF; Resistance; Molecular markers ID F-SP TRITICI; AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII; SOUTH-AFRICA; BREAD WHEAT; AESTIVUM L.; GENE; VIRULENCE; INTROGRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; CHROMOSOME AB Since its identification in the late 1990s, the stem rust pathogen (Puccinia graminis. f. sp. tritici (Pgt)) strain Ug99 (race TTKSK) has represented a worldwide wheat production threat due to its ability to overcome most of the resistance genes present in commercial cultivars. In order to address this challenge, resistance genes in wheat cultivars as well as in wild relatives have been identified. However, stem rust resistance breeding is facing a new challenge with the recent discovery in Ethiopia of a new race of Pgt (TRTTF) capable of defeating Sr13, SrTmp, and Sr1R(Amigo) genes that conferred resistance to the Ug99 race group. As part of an ongoing screening process at USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory, SD4279, an elite line from the hard red spring wheat breeding program at South Dakota State University, was found to be resistant to both races TTKSK and TRTTF. The objectives posed in this research were (1) to characterize the genetics of resistance to stem rust in SD4279 and (2) to identify molecular markers linked to race TTKSK (Ug99) and TRTTF resistance in SD4279. A mapping population composed of 92 F-2:3 families was evaluated for resistance to TTKSK and TRTTF. A single-gene conferring resistance to TTKSK, likely Sr9h, was mapped on chromosome arm 2BL. Also, a single gene was located on chromosome arm 6AS conferring resistance to TRTTF. Based on the type of reaction and map location, we postulate that the 6AS resistance gene is Sr8a which has not been mapped previously using DNA markers. C1 [Guerrero-Chavez, Rosa; Glover, Karl D.; Gonzalez-Hernandez, Jose L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Gonzalez-Hernandez, JL (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM jose.gonzalez@sdstate.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU Minnesota Wheat Commission and Promotion Council; South Dakota State University Agricultural Experimental Station; USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System; Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; UK Department for International Development FX This project was possible with funding from the Minnesota Wheat Commission and Promotion Council, the South Dakota State University Agricultural Experimental Station, the USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System, and the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project administrated by Cornell University and funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the UK Department for International Development. The authors thank Dr. S. Chao (USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND) for kindly running the 9K i Select SNP Beadchip Array on the mapping population. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.1007/s11032-015-0198-4 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AZ7SS UT WOS:000348418700008 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Qi, XS Young, ND Olsen, KM Caicedo, AL Jia, YL AF Liu, Yan Qi, Xinshuai Young, Nelson D. Olsen, Kenneth M. Caicedo, Ana L. Jia, Yulin TI Characterization of resistance genes to rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in a "Green Revolution" rice variety SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE DGWG; Rice blast resistance; R gene; GBS; Green Revolution; Pi66(t) ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PI-TA AB The indica rice variety Dee Geo Woo Gen (DGWG) was the source of the semidwarf gene (SD1) which played an important role in the Green Revolution. In the present study, resistance (R) genes to the US race (isolate) IB54 of Magnaporthe oryzae, causal agent of rice blast disease, was investigated. Two recombinant inbred line mapping populations, consisting of 175 and 224 individuals derived from crosses of DGWG with the straw hull weedy rice type PI653435 (AR-2001-1135; S population) and the black hull type PI653419 (MS-1996-9; B population), respectively, were used for mapping blast R genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Two high-resolution linkage maps with 6,513 (S population) and 14,382 (B population) single nucleotide polymorphic markers derived from genotypingby-sequencing data were used to map R genes. Two partial resistance QTLs, qBR1.1 and qBR6.1, and one major resistance QTL, qBR11.1, were identified in the B population. One partial resistance QTL, qBR6.1, and one major resistance QTL, qBR11.1, were confirmed with the S population. The total phenotypic variation of three resistance QTLs was 51 %, ranging from 1.12 to 47.62 %, in the B population. All three resistance QTLs were localized to relatively small genomic regions. The major resistance QTL, qBR11.1, was mapped to a 129-kb region on chromosome 11 near nine known blast R genes. Within this 129-kb region, three genes encoding putative nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) disease resistance proteins and three genes encoding WRKY transcription factors WRKY61, WRKY63, and WRKY41 were identified as candidate genes of qBR11.1 and tentatively designated as Pi66(t). Identification of blast R genes in DGWG should help continued deployment of useful genes for improving crop productivity and resistance to rice blast disease. C1 [Liu, Yan] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Liu, Yan; Jia, Yulin] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Qi, Xinshuai; Olsen, Kenneth M.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Young, Nelson D.; Caicedo, Ana L.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Jia, YL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM yulin.jia@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (NSF) [IOS-1032023] FX We thank Marcos Andre Nohatto, Michael Lin, and Tracy Bianco for their excellent technical support. This project was funded in part by the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (NSF award IOS-1032023). The US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 AR 52 DI 10.1007/s11032-015-0256-y PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AZ7SS UT WOS:000348418700052 ER PT J AU Xu, XY Bai, GH AF Xu, Xiangyang Bai, Guihua TI Whole-genome resequencing: changing the paradigms of SNP detection, molecular mapping and gene discovery SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Review DE Whole-genome resequencing; Reduced representation sequencing; Genome-wide association; Bulked segregant analysis; Next-generation sequencing; Third-generation sequencing ID REDUCED REPRESENTATION LIBRARIES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; WIDE ASSOCIATION; SINGLE-MOLECULE; INDUCED MUTATIONS; RICE GENOME; QUANTITATIVE RESISTANCE; POLYMORPHISM DISCOVERY; VARIATION REVEALS; DRAFT SEQUENCE AB Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies open up a wealth of opportunities for plant breeding and genomic research and change the paradigms of DNA marker detection, genotyping, and gene discovery. Abundant genomic resources have been generated using a whole-genome resequencing (WGR) strategy and utilized in genome-wide association, genome diversity, and evolution studies in many crops with a reference genome such as rice and maize. The WGR-based quantitative trait loci mapping approach developed in soybean combines single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery, validation and genotyping and has the potential to identify candidate genes and causal SNPs without a time-consuming fine-mapping process. Given that this approach solves issues caused by genome duplications and repetitive sequences, it can be widely utilized in crops with a reference genome. The combination of WGR with bulked segregant analysis provides a rapid way to identify genes or causal mutations. Currently, DNA sequencing technologies are being improved rapidly. Third-generation sequencing platforms can overcome some inherent disadvantages of NGS and are expected to promote the application of WGR-based approaches and revolutionize plant breeding, genomic and genetic research. C1 [Xu, Xiangyang] ARS, Wheat Peanut & Other Field Crop Res Unit, USDA, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Bai, Guihua] ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Xu, XY (reprint author), ARS, Wheat Peanut & Other Field Crop Res Unit, USDA, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM xiangyang.xu@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 17 U2 126 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 AR 33 DI 10.1007/s11032-015-0240-6 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AZ7SS UT WOS:000348418700033 ER PT J AU Hubka, V Novakova, A Kolarik, M Jurjevic, Z Peterson, SW AF Hubka, Vit Novakova, Alena Kolarik, Miroslav Jurjevic, Zeljko Peterson, Stephen W. TI Revision of Aspergillus section Flavipedes: seven new species and proposal of section Jani sect. nov. SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Asp ergillus flavipes; cave mycobiota; Fennellia; multilocus phylogeny; PCR fingerprinting; soil fungi ID TERREUS ACCESSORY CONIDIA; ALEURIOSPORE FORMATION; SECONDARY METABOLITES; INHIBITORY-ACTIVITY; FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; SOIL MICROFUNGI; AMPHOTERICIN-B; DNA-SEQUENCES; MYCOTOXINS; INFECTION AB Aspergillus section Flavipedes contains species found worldwide in soils and rhizospheres, indoor and cave environments, as endophytes, food contaminants and occasionally as human pathogens. They produce many extensively studied bioactive secondary metabolites and biotechnologically relevant enzymes. The taxa were revised based on phylogenetic analysis of sequences from four loci (P-tubulin, calmodulin, RPB2, ITS rDNA), two PCR fingerprinting methods, micro- and macromorphology and physiology. Section Flavipedes includes three known and seven new species: A. ardalensis, A. frequens, A. luppii, A. mangaliensis, A. movilensis, A. polyporicola and A. spelaeus. The name A. neoflavipes was proposed for Fennellia flavipes a distinct species from its supposed asexual state A. flavipes. Aspergillus iizukae, A. frequens and A. mangaliensis are the most common and widely distributed species, whereas A. flavipes s. str. is rare. A dichotomous key based on the combination of morphology and physiology is provided for all recognized species. Aspergillus section Jani is established to contain A. Janus and A. brevijanus, species previously classified as members of sect. Versicolores, Terrei or Flavipedes. This new section is strongly supported by phylogenetic data and morphology. Section Jani species produce three types of conidiophores and conidia, and colonies have green and white sectors making them distinctive. Accessory conidia found in pathogenic A. terreus were found in all members of sects. Flavipedes and Jani. Our data indicated that A. frequens is a clinically relevant and produces accessory conidia during infection. C1 [Hubka, Vit; Kolarik, Miroslav] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Prague 12801 2, Czech Republic. [Hubka, Vit; Novakova, Alena; Kolarik, Miroslav] ASCR Vvi, Inst Microbiol, Prague 14220 4, Czech Republic. [Novakova, Alena] ASCR Vvi, Ctr Biol, Inst Soil Biol, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Jurjevic, Zeljko] EMSL Analyt Inc, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hubka, V (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Benatska 2, Prague 12801 2, Czech Republic. EM hubka@biomed.cas.cz RI Kolarik, Miroslav/A-1680-2008; Hubka, Vit/L-4124-2014 OI Kolarik, Miroslav/0000-0003-4016-0335; Hubka, Vit/0000-0003-4583-6496 FU GAR projects ("Complex study of the endemic earthworm Allolobophora hrabei and its effects on soil and soil organisms in steppe ecosystems" and "Bat adaptations to the fungal disease geomycosis"); Junta de Andalucia, Spain [RNM-5137]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0055, CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0003]; GAUK [607812] FX This study was supported by the GAR projects ("Complex study of the endemic earthworm Allolobophora hrabei and its effects on soil and soil organisms in steppe ecosystems" and "Bat adaptations to the fungal disease geomycosis") and the project RNM-5137 of the Junta de Andalucia, Spain. This study was also partially supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0055, CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0003 and SW project). Molecular genetics analyses were supported by the projects GAUK 607812. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the US Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. Prof Karol Marhold's consultation on nomenclatural issues is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr MJ Vaughan for providing several isolates from American caves, D Kozakova for the lyophilisation of the cultures, Dr A Kubatova for deposition of cultures into the CCF collection, Dr M Chudfekova and A Gabrielov for their invaluable assistance in laboratory. NR 147 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 14 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 169 EP 208 DI 10.3852/14-059 PG 40 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA CA0WG UT WOS:000348633700017 PM 25344259 ER PT J AU Stappen, I Wanner, J Tabanca, N Wedge, DE Ali, A Kaul, VK Lal, B Jaitak, V Gochev, VK Schmidt, E Jirovetz, L AF Stappen, Iris Wanner, Juergen Tabanca, Nurhayat Wedge, David E. Ali, Abbas Kaul, Vijay K. Lal, Brij Jaitak, Vikas Gochev, Velizar K. Schmidt, Erich Jirovetz, Leopold TI Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Essential Oils of Dracocephalum heterophyllum and Hyssopus officinalis from Western Himalaya SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Dracocephalum heterophyllum; Hyssopus officinalis; GC-MS-FLD; Essential oil; Antifungal activity; Antibacterial activity; Biting deterrent activity; Larvicidal activity ID ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; CONSTITUENTS; BENTH; L.; LAMIACEAE; PAKISTAN; BIOASSAY; STRAINS AB The essential oils of two representatives of the Lamiaceae, Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth. and Hyssopus officinalis L., are described for their antifungal, antibacterial, larvicidal and inect biting deterrent activities. Additionally, the chemical compositions of the essential oils, analyzed by simultaneous GC-MS and GC-FID, and odor descriptions are given. The main components of H. officinalis oil were pinocarvone, cis-pinocamphone, and beta-pinene. Citronellol was found as the main compound of D. heterophyllum essential oil. Antibacterial testing by agar dilution assay revealed greater activity of D. heterophyllum against Staphylococcus aureus compared with H. officinalis. D. heterophyllum essential oil also showed promising antifungal activity against Colletotrichum species and was more toxic to Aedes aegypti larvae in a larvicial bioassay. Both essential oils showed high activity in the biting deterrent bioassay. C1 [Stappen, Iris; Schmidt, Erich; Jirovetz, Leopold] Univ Vienna, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Vienna, Austria. [Wanner, Juergen] Kurt Kitzing Co, Wallerstein, Germany. [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Ali, Abbas] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA, ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kaul, Vijay K.] CSIR Inst Himalayan Bioresource Technol, Palampur 176061, Himachal Prades, India. [Lal, Brij; Jaitak, Vikas] CSIR Inst Himalayan Bioresource Technol, Biodivers Div, Palampur 176061, Himachal Prades, India. [Jaitak, Vikas] Cent Univ Punjab, Ctr Chem & Pharmaceut Sci, Bathinda, India. [Gochev, Velizar K.] Paisii Hilendarski Univ Plovdiv, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. RP Stappen, I (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Vienna, Austria. EM iris.stappen@univie.ac.at FU USDA/ARS [56-6402-1-612]; Deployed War-Fighter Protection research program grant - U.S. Depattment of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board; Food and Drug Administration [300 212 193G] FX This study was supported in part by USDA/ARS grant No. 56-6402-1-612, Deployed War-Fighter Protection research program grant funded by the U.S. Depattment of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board and the Food and Drug Administration, grant number 300 212 193G. We thank Ms J.L. Robertson, Ms R. Pace for antifungal bioassays and Dr James J. Becnel, Mosquito and Fly Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, for supplying Ae. aegypti eggs. Vijay K. Kaul, Brij Lal and Vikas Jaitak are thankful to the Director CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, for providing the necessary facilities to carry out plant survey, chemical analysis and hydro-distillation work. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 14 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X EI 1555-9475 J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 10 IS 1 BP 133 EP 138 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA CA3SF UT WOS:000348825700029 PM 25920235 ER PT J AU Krist, S Banovac, D Tabanca, N Wedge, DE Gochev, VK Wanner, J Schmidt, E Jirovetz, L AF Krist, Sabine Banovac, Daniel Tabanca, Nurhayat Wedge, David E. Gochev, Velizar K. Wanner, Juergen Schmidt, Erich Jirovetz, Leopold TI Antimicrobial Activity of Nerolidol and its Derivatives against Airborne Microbes and Further Biological Activities SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Nerolidol; Cabreuva essential oil; (-)-alpha-Bisabolol; trans; trans-Farnesol; Antimicrobial; Airborne microbes; Antifungal ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ESSENTIAL OILS; (R)-(-)-LINALOOL; SESQUITERPENOIDS; ENHANCEMENT; 1,8-CINEOLE; TERPINEOL; BISABOLOL; BACTERIA AB Nerolidol and its derivatives, namely cis-nerolidol, O-methyl-nerolidol, O-ethyl-nerolidol, (-)-alpha-bisabolol, trans,trans-farnesol and its main natural source cabreuva essential oil, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against airborne microbes and antifungal properties against plant pathogens. Among the tested compounds, alpha-bisabolol was the most effective antimicrobial agent and trans,trans-farnesol showed the best antifungal activity. C1 [Krist, Sabine; Banovac, Daniel; Schmidt, Erich; Jirovetz, Leopold] Univ Vienna, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Vienna, Austria. [Tabanca, Nurhayat] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wedge, David E.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Gochev, Velizar K.] Paisiy Hilendarski Univ Plovdiv, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. [Wanner, Juergen] Kurt Kitzing Co, Wallerstein, Germany. RP Krist, S (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Vienna, Austria. EM sabine.krist@univie.ac.at FU USDA/ARS [56-6402-1-612] FX This study was supported in part by USDA/ARS grant No. 56-6402-1-612 and we thank Ms J.L. Robertson and Ms R. Pace for their help in antifungal bioassays. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X EI 1555-9475 J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 10 IS 1 BP 143 EP 148 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA CA3SF UT WOS:000348825700031 ER PT J AU Zhao, T Rui, L Li, J Nishimura, MT Vogel, JP Liu, N Liu, SM Zhao, YF Dangl, JL Tang, DZ AF Zhao, Ting Rui, Lu Li, Juan Nishimura, Marc T. Vogel, John P. Liu, Na Liu, Simu Zhao, Yaofei Dangl, Jeffery L. Tang, Dingzhong TI A Truncated NLR Protein, TIR-NBS2, Is Required for Activated Defense Responses in the exo70B1 Mutant SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS EXOCYST COMPLEX; ETHYLENE-INDUCED SENESCENCE; HYPERSENSITIVE CELL-DEATH; DISEASE RESISTANCE; SALICYLIC-ACID; INNATE IMMUNITY; PLANT DEFENSE; NEGATIVE REGULATION AB During exocytosis, the evolutionarily conserved exocyst complex tethers Golgi-derived vesicles to the target plasma membrane, a critical function for secretory pathways. Here we show that exo70B1 loss-of-function mutants express activated defense responses upon infection and express enhanced resistance to fungal, oomycete and bacterial pathogens. In a screen for mutants that suppress exo70B1 resistance, we identified nine alleles of TIR-NBS2 (TN2), suggesting that loss-of-function of EXO70B1 leads to activation of this nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR)-like disease resistance protein. This NLR-like protein is atypical because it lacks the LRR domain common in typical NLR receptors. In addition, we show that TN2 interacts with EXO70B1 in yeast and in planta. Our study thus provides a link between the exocyst complex and the function of a 'TIR-NBS only' immune receptor like protein. Our data are consistent with a speculative model wherein pathogen effectors could evolve to target EXO70B1 to manipulate plant secretion machinery. TN2 could monitor EXO70B1 integrity as part of an immune receptor complex. C1 [Zhao, Ting; Rui, Lu; Li, Juan; Liu, Na; Liu, Simu; Zhao, Yaofei; Tang, Dingzhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, State Key Lab Plant Cell & Chromosome Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Rui, Lu; Liu, Na; Liu, Simu; Zhao, Yaofei] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Nishimura, Marc T.; Dangl, Jeffery L.] Univ N Carolina, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Nishimura, Marc T.; Dangl, Jeffery L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Vogel, John P.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Zhao, T (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, State Key Lab Plant Cell & Chromosome Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM dztang@genetics.ac.cn OI Nishimura, Marc/0000-0003-4666-6900; Vogel, John/0000-0003-1786-2689 FU Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB11020100]; National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB910200]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31071067]; National Science Foundation [IOS-1257373]; HHMI; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF3030] FX The work was supported by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB11020100), National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB910200) to DT and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31071067) to TZ. This work was also funded by grants to JLD from the National Science Foundation IOS-1257373 and by the HHMI and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF3030). JLD is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 85 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7390 EI 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 11 IS 1 AR e1004945 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004945 PG 28 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CB0KL UT WOS:000349314600052 PM 25617755 ER PT J AU Gilbert, A Greenberg, L Moran, D Alvarez, D Alvarado, M Garcia, DL Peruski, L AF Gilbert, Amy Greenberg, Lauren Moran, David Alvarez, Danilo Alvarado, Marlon Garcia, Daniel L. Peruski, Leonard TI Antibody response of cattle to vaccination with commercial modified live rabies vaccines in Guatemala SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Cattle; Modified live vaccine; Vampire bats; Rabies virus neutralizing antibody ID GLYCOPROTEIN; DISEASE AB Vampire bat rabies is a public and animal health concern throughout Latin America. As part of an ecological study of vampire bat depredation on cattle in southern Guatemala, we conducted a vaccine seroconversion study among three dairy farms. The main objectives of this cross sectional and cohort study were to understand factors associated with bat bites among cattle, to determine whether unvaccinated cattle had evidence of rabies virus exposure and evaluate whether exposure was related to bat bite prevalence, and to assess whether cattle demonstrate adequate seroconversion to two commercial vaccines used in Guatemala. In 2012, baseline blood samples were collected immediately prior to intramuscular inoculation of cattle with one of two modified live rabies vaccines. Post vaccination blood samples were collected 13 and 393 days later. Sera were tested for rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (rVNA) by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (REFIT). Across two years of study, 36% (254/702) of inspected cattle presented gross evidence of vampire bat bites. Individual cattle with a bat bite in 2012 were more likely have a bat bite in 2013. Prior to vaccination, 12% (42/350) of cattle sera demonstrated rVNA, but bite status in 2012 was not associated with presence of rVNA. Vaccine brand was the only factor associated with adequate rVNA response of cattle by day 13. However, vaccine brand and rVNA status at day 13 were associated with an adequate rVNA titer on day 393, with animals demonstrating an adequate titer at day 13 more likely to have an adequate titer at day 393. Our findings support stable levels of vampire bat depredation and evidence of rVNA in unvaccinated cattle. Brand of vaccine may be an important consideration impacting adequate rVNA response and long-term maintenance of rVNA in cattle. Further, the results demonstrate that initial response to vaccination is associated with rVNA status over one year following vaccination. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gilbert, Amy] USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Greenberg, Lauren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moran, David; Alvarez, Danilo] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Estudios Salud, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Alvarado, Marlon] Minist Agr Ganaderia & Alimentac, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Garcia, Daniel L.; Peruski, Leonard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Gilbert, A (reprint author), USDA, APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 La Porte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Amy.T.Gilbert@aphis.usda.gov; foe2@cdc.gov; dmoran@CES.UVG.EDU.GT; dalvarez@CES.UVG.EDU.GT; int7@cdc.gov; cznl@cdc.gov FU Global Disease Detection Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study would not have been possible without cooperation from the landowners, and the authors express thanks to the Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zoontecnica of the Universidad de San Carlos (FMVZ-USAC), Milton Nelson, and Moises Nelson. The authors appreciate invaluable technical assistance from technicians and veterinarians at the Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion (MAGA); Ramon Medrano, Esteban Fuentes, Ana Barrios, Jose Adan Real, and Maria Renee Lopez of the Centro de Estudios en Salud at the Universidad del Valle (UVG-CES); Jennifer Riley of Tufts University; and Fredy Gonzalez and veterinary students from the Universidad de San Carlos. Jose Galvez, Brenda Martinez, and Marco Quan at the Centers for Disease Control - Central American Region (CDC-CAR) provided excellent logistic assistance. This study was supported by Technical Support Corps funds from the Global Disease Detection Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of their institutions, respectively. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 118 IS 1 BP 36 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.10.011 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CA5OS UT WOS:000348958300005 PM 25466762 ER PT J AU Bebak, J Wagner, B Burnes, B Hanson, T AF Bebak, Julie Wagner, Bruce Burnes, Brian Hanson, Terry TI Farm size, seining practices, and salt use: Risk factors for Aeromonas hydrophila outbreaks in farm-raised catfish, Alabama, USA SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Biosecurity; Case-control; Seine; Septicemia; Sodium chloride; Stocking density ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; RAINBOW-TROUT FRY; CHANNEL CATFISH; INFECTION; DENSITY; DISEASE; FISH AB In freshwater aquaculture systems, Aeromonas hydrophila is usually considered to be an opportunistic pathogen most often associated with secondary bacterial infections. Since 2009, the U.S. catfish industry, especially in West Alabama, has been affected by mortality from a strain of A. hydrophila that has been acting as a primary pathogen. Tens of millions of pounds of catfish production have been lost as a consequence of this disease. This study used data from two whole-population farmer surveys to examine farm-level risk factors for two A. hydrophila outbreaks in foodsize Alabama catfish, one in 2009 (surveyed in 2010), and one in 2011 (surveyed in 2012). The response to the 2010 survey was 85% and the response to the 2012 survey was 82%. Univariate analyses were used to examine biologically plausible variables (farm size, pond stocking density, seine exposure, use of salt (NaCl) in ponds), and used categorical disease outcome and dependent variables. Farm size was included in bivariate analyses with the other variables, because it was a potential confounding variable. For both study years, the odds of an A. hydrophila outbreak were significantly greater for farms larger than the mean size (2009: mean = 132 acres (53.4 hectares), odds ratio (OR) = 8.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.3-20.6, p < 0.001; 2011: mean = 116 acres (46.9 hectares), OR = 5.3, CI = 1.7-17.0,p = 0.009). Compared with 42% of control farms, every case farm was seined by a commercial or processing plant seining crew in 2009. The bivariate analysis of the 2011 variable "average number of times each pond was seined per year" indicated that regardless of farm size, farms with ponds that were seined more than twice per year had a significantly greater odds of an A. hydrophila outbreak (OR = 4.1, CI = 1.2-14.4, p = 0.02). For 2009, the results of the bivariate analyses of chloride concentrations indicated that farms that had chloride concentrations >135 ppm had a significantly lower odds of experiencing A. hydrophila outbreaks (OR = 0.2, CI = 0.05-0.6, p-value = 0.004). To achieve economies of scale, catfish farmers raise fish on large farms at higher stocking densities, but this practice may result in increased susceptibility to disease outbreaks. Producers should prioritize implementing biosecurity measures such as improved seining practices and other management practices to protect fish grown at high population densities. Further work will determine what the detailed seining protocols should include, and whether the use of salt, and at what concentrations, reduces the risk of A. hydrophila outbreaks. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bebak, Julie] Aquaculture Biosecur LLC, Auburn, AL 36831 USA. [Wagner, Bruce] USDA APHIS VS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Burnes, Brian] Univ West Alabama, Livingston, AL 35470 USA. [Hanson, Terry] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Bebak, J (reprint author), Aquaculture Biosecur LLC, POB 24, Auburn, AL 36831 USA. EM jbebakwilliams@gmail.com FU USDA:APHIS:VS project; West Alabama Catfish Producers' Association; Alabama Catfish Producers' Association, through Auburn University's Aquaculture and Fisheries Business Institute, Auburn, AL, USA FX We thank the catfish producers who contributed farm information for this work. We thank Bill Hemstreet, Lisa Bott, and Corey Courtwright (Auburn University), and Terry Taylor and Tyler Newburn (University of West Alabama) for assistance with this project. The NAHMS survey conducted in 2010 was a federally-funded USDA:APHIS:VS project. This study sponsor was involved in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and in manuscript writing and the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The survey conducted in 2012 was funded by the West Alabama Catfish Producers' Association and the Alabama Catfish Producers' Association, through Auburn University's Aquaculture and Fisheries Business Institute, Auburn, AL, USA. The members of these associations contributed data from their own farms, and some board members' farms were included in the pre-test phase. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 118 IS 1 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.11.001 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CA5OS UT WOS:000348958300017 PM 25466218 ER PT J AU Mayonde, SG Cron, GV Gaskin, JF Byrne, MJ AF Mayonde, S. G. Cron, G. V. Gaskin, J. F. Byrne, M. J. TI Evidence of Tamarix hybrids in South Africa, as inferred by nuclear ITS and plastid trnS-trnG DNA sequences SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Congruency; Dioeicy; Hybridization; Invasive species; Phylogenetic analysis; Polymorphisms; Tamaricaceae ID RIBOSOMAL DNA; UNITED-STATES; POPULATIONS; PHYLOGENIES; AFLP AB Tamarix usneoides (Tamaricaceae) is a species native to southern Africa where it is currently being used in the mines for phytoremediation. Tamarix aphylla, Tamarix ramosissima, Tamarix chinensis, and Tamarix patviflora have been reported as exotic species in South Africa, with T. ramosissima declared invasive. The alien invasive T. ramosissima is hypothesized to be hybridizing with the indigenous T. usneoides. Accurate identification of Tamarix is of great importance in southern Africa because of the invasive potential of T. ramosissima and also the potential usefulness of T. usneoides. In this study, nuclear DNA sequence markers (ITS1 and ITS2 regions), together with the plastid marker trnS-trnG, are used to identify the genetic distinctiveness of Tamarix species and their putative hybrids. Phylogenies based on the ITS and trnS-trnG regions revealed that the indigenous T. usneoides is genetically distinct from the exotic species, which, however, could not dearly be separated from their closely related hybrids. The lack of congruence (p > 0.0001) between the ITS and trnS-trnG phylogenies suggests that there is high incidence of hybridization in Tamarix populations in South Africa. Importantly, molecular diagnosis of Tamarix was able to identify hybrids using polymorphisms and phylogenetic signals. Close to 45% of Tamarix genotypes were hybrids with more than 50% of them occurring on the mines. Spread of Tamarix hybrids in South Africa through phytoremediation could enhance invasiveness. Therefore, the outcome of this study will ensure that only pure indigenous T. usneoides is propagated for planting on the mines in South Africa and that a proper control measure for the alien invasive Tamarix is used. Interestingly, the molecular diagnosis of Tamarix species supported the preliminary morphological identification of the species using eight key characters. However, the molecular markers used were not informative enough to separate hybrids from their closely related parent species. Hybrids were more reliably identified using polymorphisms than morphological features. (C) 2014 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mayonde, S. G.; Cron, G. V.; Byrne, M. J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Gaskin, J. F.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Mayonde, SG (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, APES, P Bag X3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM mayondesam84@gmail.com OI Byrne, Marcus/0000-0002-5155-2599 FU THRIP Funding (National Research Foundation and Department of Trade and Industry); AngloGold Ashanti Environmental Management Depaitments, South Africa; AngloGold Ashanti Environmental Management Departments, Namibia FX I would like to acknowledge the financial support of THRIP Funding (National Research Foundation and Department of Trade and Industry) and the AngloGold Ashanti Environmental Management Departments, South Africa and Namibia to Ms. Isabel Weiersbye for the Ecological Engineering and Phytoremediation Programme at the School of Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. I would like to extend special thanks to Dr. Jenny Botha, Hayden Wilson, and Miranda Muller for their field assistance and to Dr. Rene Reddy, Mr. Donald McCallum, Ms. Else Uys, and Ms. Kimberley Mann for their assistance in the herbarium and/or laboratory. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0254-6299 EI 1727-9321 J9 S AFR J BOT JI S. Afr. J. Bot. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 96 BP 122 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.sajb.2014.10.011 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CA5PH UT WOS:000348959800019 ER PT J AU Yang, WH Wikle, CK Holan, SH Myers, DB Sudduth, KA AF Yang, Wen-Hsi Wikle, Christopher K. Holan, Scott H. Myers, D. Brenton Sudduth, Kenneth A. TI BAYESIAN ANALYSIS OF SPATIALLY-DEPENDENT FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES WITH SPATIALLY-DEPENDENT MULTI-DIMENSIONAL FUNCTIONAL PREDICTORS SO STATISTICA SINICA LA English DT Article DE Basis functions; diffuse reflectance spectroscopy; Karhunen-Loeve; matrix normal; penetrometer; principal components; soil electrical conductivity ID GENERALIZED LINEAR-MODELS; HILBERTIAN PROCESSES; INDEXED CURVES; MIXED MODELS AB Modeling high-dimensional functional responses utilizing multi-dimensional functional covariates is complicated by spatial and/or temporal dependence in the observations in addition to high-dimensional predictors. To utilize such rich sources of information we develop multi-dimensional spatial functional models that employ low-rank basis function expansions to facilitate model implementation. These models are developed within a hierarchical Bayesian framework that accounts for several sources of uncertainty, including the error that arises from truncating the infinite-dimensional basis function expansions, error in the observations, and uncertainty in the parameters. We illustrate the predictive ability of such a model through a simulation study and an application that considers spatial models of soil electrical conductivity depth profiles using spatially dependent near-infrared spectral images of electrical conductivity covariates. C1 [Yang, Wen-Hsi] CSIRO Computat Informat, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia. [Wikle, Christopher K.; Holan, Scott H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Stat, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Myers, D. Brenton] Univ Missouri, Dept Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Sudduth, Kenneth A.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Yang, WH (reprint author), CSIRO Computat Informat, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia. EM Wen-Hsi.Yang@csiro.au; wiklec@missouri.edu; holans@missouri.edu; MyersDB@missouri.edu; SudduthK@missouri.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1049093]; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); U.S. Census Bureau under NSF - NSF-Census Research Network (NCRN) program [SES-1132031] FX We would like to acknowledge the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry for providing access to their Novelty, MO research watershed location for the measurement activities described in this study. We would also like to thank the two anonymous reviewers and the editors for their helpful comments on an early draft. Funding for the methodological research was partially provided through National Science Foundation grant DMS-1049093 and by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and the U.S. Census Bureau under NSF grant SES-1132031, funded through the NSF-Census Research Network (NCRN) program. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU STATISTICA SINICA PI TAIPEI PA C/O DR H C HO, INST STATISTICAL SCIENCE, ACADEMIA SINICA, TAIPEI 115, TAIWAN SN 1017-0405 EI 1996-8507 J9 STAT SINICA JI Stat. Sin. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 1 BP 205 EP 223 DI 10.5705/ss.2013.245w PG 19 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA CA5TC UT WOS:000348969700013 ER PT J AU Chendev, YG Sauer, TJ Ramirez, GH Burras, CL AF Chendev, Yury G. Sauer, Thomas J. Ramirez, Guillermo Hernandez Burras, Charles Lee TI History of East European Chernozem Soil Degradation; Protection and Restoration by Tree Windbreaks in the Russian Steppe SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE Russian Chernozems; soil organic carbon; degradation of soils; restoration of soils; afforestation ID DYNAMICS; CARBON AB The physiographic region of the Central Russian Upland, situated in the Central part of Eastern Europe, is characterized by very fertile grassland soils-Chernozems (Mollisols in the USDA taxonomy). However, over the last several centuries this region has experienced intense land-use conversion. The most widespread and significant land-use change is the extensive cultivation of these soils. As a result, Chernozems of the region that were some of the most naturally fertile soils in the world with thick A horizons had become, by the second half of the 19th century, weakly productive, with decreased stocks of organic matter. When not protected by plant cover, water and wind erosion degraded the open fields. The investigation of methods for rehabilitation and restoration of Chernozems resulted in the practice of afforestation of agricultural lands (mainly by windbreak planting). Preferences of agroforestry practices were initially connected with protection of cropland from wind and water erosion, improvement of microclimate for crop growth, and providing new refugia for wild animal and plant habitats. During the last several decades, tree windbreaks have begun to be viewed as ecosystems with great potential for atmospheric carbon sequestration, which plays a positive role in climate change mitigation. For the evaluation of windbreak influence on Chernozem soils, a study was developed with three field study areas across a climatic gradient from cool and wet in the north of the region to warm and dry in the south. Windbreak age ranged from 55-57 years. At each site, soil pits were prepared within the windbreak, the adjacent crop fields of 150 years of cultivation, and nearby undisturbed grassland. Profile descriptions were completed to a depth of 1.5 m. A linear relationship was detected between the difference in organic-rich surface layer (A + AB horizon) thickness of soils beneath windbreaks and undisturbed grasslands and a climate index, the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). These results indicate that windbreaks under relatively cooler and wetter climate conditions are more favorable for organic matter accumulation in the surface soil. For the 0-100 cm layer of the Chernozems beneath windbreaks, an increase in organic C stocks comparable with undisturbed grassland soils (15-63 Mg.ha(-1)) was detected. Significant growth of soil organic matter stocks was identified not only for the upper 30 cm, but also for the deeper layer (30-100 cm) of afforested Chernozems. These findings illustrate that, in the central part of Eastern Europe, tree windbreaks improve soil quality by enhancing soil organic matter while providing a sink for atmospheric carbon in tree biomass and soil organic matter. C1 [Chendev, Yury G.] Belgorod State Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management & Land Cadastre, Belgorod 308015, Russia. [Sauer, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ramirez, Guillermo Hernandez] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. [Burras, Charles Lee] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sauer, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM chendev@bsu.edu.ru; tom.sauer@ars.usda.gov; ghernand@ualberta.ca; lburras@iastate.edu RI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/I-5429-2013 OI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/0000-0001-8225-5813 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 21 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 705 EP 724 DI 10.3390/su7010705 PG 20 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ7LA UT WOS:000348399300033 ER PT J AU Lehman, RM Cambardella, CA Stott, DE Acosta-Martinez, V Manter, DK Buyer, JS Maul, JE Smith, JL Collins, HP Halvorson, JJ Kremer, RJ Lundgren, JG Ducey, TF Jin, VL Karlen, DL AF Lehman, R. Michael Cambardella, Cynthia A. Stott, Diane E. Acosta-Martinez, Veronica Manter, Daniel K. Buyer, Jeffrey S. Maul, Jude E. Smith, Jeffrey L. Collins, Harold P. Halvorson, Jonathan J. Kremer, Robert J. Lundgren, Jonathan G. Ducey, Tom F. Jin, Virginia L. Karlen, Douglas L. TI Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE soil biology; sustainable agriculture; soil health; soil management; soil organic matter (SOM) ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEMS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK; WEED SEED PREDATORS; RYE COVER CROP; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; PLANT-GROWTH; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AB Our objective is to provide an optimistic strategy for reversing soil degradation by increasing public and private research efforts to understand the role of soil biology, particularly microbiology, on the health of our world's soils. We begin by defining soil quality/soil health (which we consider to be interchangeable terms), characterizing healthy soil resources, and relating the significance of soil health to agroecosystems and their functions. We examine how soil biology influences soil health and how biological properties and processes contribute to sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services. We continue by examining what can be done to manipulate soil biology to: (i) increase nutrient availability for production of high yielding, high quality crops; (ii) protect crops from pests, pathogens, weeds; and (iii) manage other factors limiting production, provision of ecosystem services, and resilience to stresses like droughts. Next we look to the future by asking what needs to be known about soil biology that is not currently recognized or fully understood and how these needs could be addressed using emerging research tools. We conclude, based on our perceptions of how new knowledge regarding soil biology will help make agriculture more sustainable and productive, by recommending research emphases that should receive first priority through enhanced public and private research in order to reverse the trajectory toward global soil degradation. C1 [Lehman, R. Michael; Lundgren, Jonathan G.] ARS, USDA, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Cambardella, Cynthia A.; Karlen, Douglas L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. [Stott, Diane E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79417 USA. [Manter, Daniel K.] ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Nat Resources Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Buyer, Jeffrey S.; Maul, Jude E.] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Smith, Jeffrey L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS Land Management & Water Conservat Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Collins, Harold P.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Halvorson, Jonathan J.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ducey, Tom F.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Soil Water & Plant Conservat Res Ct, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Jin, Virginia L.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Lehman, RM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, North Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM michael.lehman@ars.usda.gov; cindy.cambardella@ars.usda.gov; diane.stott@ars.usda.gov; veronica.acosta-martinez@ars.usda.gov; daniel.manter@ars.usda.gov; jeffrey.buyer@ars.usda.gov; jude.maul@ars.usda.gov; jeffrey.smith@ars.usda.gov; hal.collins@ars.usda.gov; jonathan.halvorson@ars.usda.gov; kremerr@missouri.edu; jonathan.lundgren@ars.usda.gov; thomas.ducey@ars.usda.gov; virginia.jin@ars.usda.gov; doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov OI Buyer, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2098-0547; Ducey, Thomas/0000-0001-8199-0584; Lehman, Michael/0000-0002-3391-3178 NR 222 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 12 U2 128 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 988 EP 1027 DI 10.3390/su7010988 PG 40 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ7LA UT WOS:000348399300049 ER PT J AU Bumgardner, M Buehlmann, U AF Bumgardner, Matthew Buehlmann, Urs TI TO WHAT DO FIRMS ATTRIBUTE SUCCESS? AN APPLICATION OF ATTRIBUTION THEORY TO THE SECONDARY WOODWORKING INDUSTRY SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Attribution; business success; firm performance; small firms; outreach to industry AB Small firms are a critical component of the secondary woodworking industry and are important to hardwood lumber demand in the US. Understanding managers' perceptions of competitiveness in these firms is important to those working with the industry to help maintain a viable wood manufacturing base. One area of interest relative to the overall business environment involves attribution: to what do managers attribute their firms' success? In this study, attribution theory was applied to a sample of secondary woodworking manufacturers to test for a "self-serving" attribution effect (ie success is caused by internal factors, whereas a lack of success is caused by external factors), which has been shown in some other industries. Also of interest was determining if the effect was amplified for small firms. The presence of an overall attribution effect among secondary woodworking manufacturers was generally supported, but little evidence was found of an effect related specifically to small firms. The presence of an overall attribution effect is discussed in terms of the implications for research and outreach directed toward the secondary woodworking industry. C1 [Bumgardner, Matthew] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Buehlmann, Urs] VA Tech, Dept Sustainable Biomat, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Bumgardner, M (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM mbumgardner@fs.fed.us; buehlmann@gmail.com FU Wood Education and Resource Center, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, USDA Forest Service FX The work on which this publication is based was funded in part through a grant awarded by the Wood Education and Resource Center, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, USDA Forest Service. We thank M. Sperber as well as S. Bowe, S. Grushecky, D. Saloni, and A. Taylor for their assistance with the project. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 47 IS 1 BP 44 EP 49 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA CA1SD UT WOS:000348690900004 ER PT J AU Berthiller, F Brera, C Crews, C Iha, MH Krska, R Lattanzio, VMT MacDonald, S Malone, RJ Maragos, C Solfrizzo, M Stroka, J Whitaker, TB AF Berthiller, F. Brera, C. Crews, C. Iha, M. H. Krska, R. Lattanzio, V. M. T. MacDonald, S. Malone, R. J. Maragos, C. Solfrizzo, M. Stroka, J. Whitaker, T. B. TI Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2013-2014 SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE aflatoxin; Alternaria toxins; ergot alkaloids; fumonisin; ochratoxin A; patulin; trichothecene; zearalenone; sampling; multi-mycotoxin; botanicals; method development ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMN CLEANUP; STABLE-ISOTOPE DILUTION; TIME-OF-FLIGHT; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES CULTURE; LATERAL FLOW IMMUNOASSAY; RESORCYLIC ACID LACTONES AB This review highlights developments in the determination of mycotoxins over a period between mid-2013 and mid-2014. It continues in the format of the previous articles of this series, emphasising on analytical methods to determine aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone. The importance of proper sampling and sample preparation is briefly addressed in a dedicated section, while another chapter summarises new methods used to analyse botanicals and spices. As LC-MS/MS instruments are becoming more and more widespread in the determination of multiple classes of mycotoxins, another section is focusing on such newly developed multi-mycotoxin methods. While the wealth of published methods during the 12 month time span makes it impossible to cover every single one, this exhaustive review nevertheless aims to address and briefly discuss the most important developments and trends. C1 [Berthiller, F.; Krska, R.] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Vienna, Austria. [Berthiller, F.; Krska, R.] IFA Tulln, Dept Agrobiotechnol, Christian Doppler Lab Mycotoxin Metab, A-3430 Tulln, Austria. [Berthiller, F.; Krska, R.] Ctr Analyt Chem, A-3430 Tulln, Austria. [Brera, C.] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, GMO & Mycotoxins Unit, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Crews, C.; MacDonald, S.] Food & Environm Res Agcy, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England. [Iha, M. H.] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Lab Ribeiro Preto 1, BR-14085410 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. [Lattanzio, V. M. T.; Solfrizzo, M.] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Malone, R. J.] Trilol Analyt Lab, Washington, MO 63090 USA. [Maragos, C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Stroka, J.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. [Whitaker, T. B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Berthiller, F (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Vienna, Austria. EM franz.berthiller@boku.ac.at NR 210 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 16 U2 131 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 5 EP 35 DI 10.3920/WMJ2014.1840 PG 31 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CA7YH UT WOS:000349133200002 ER PT J AU Brown, RL Bhatnagar, D AF Brown, Robert L. Bhatnagar, Deepak TI Foreword: aflatoxins in maize and other crops SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brown, Robert L.; Bhatnagar, Deepak] USDA ARS, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Brown, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, New Orleans, LA USA. EM robert.brown@ars.usda.gov; deepak.bhadnagar@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 SI SI BP 135 EP 136 DI 10.3920/WMJ2015.x002 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CA7YI UT WOS:000349133300001 ER PT J AU Torres, O Matute, J Gelineau-van Waes, J Maddox, JR Gregory, SG Ashley-Koch, AE Showker, JL Voss, KA Riley, RT AF Torres, O. Matute, J. Gelineau-van Waes, J. Maddox, J. R. Gregory, S. G. Ashley-Koch, A. E. Showker, J. L. Voss, K. A. Riley, R. T. TI Human health implications from co-exposure to aflatoxins and fumonisins in maize-based foods in Latin America: Guatemala as a case study SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE aflatoxin; fumonisin; maize; corn; nixtamalization; hepatocellular toxicity ID VERTICILLIOIDES CULTURE MATERIAL; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; CONTAMINATED MAIZE; DIETARY EXPOSURE; LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TORTILLA CHIPS; IN-VIVO AB Co-occurrence of fumonisin B-1 (FB1) and aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) in maize has been demonstrated in many surveys. Combined-exposure to FB1 and AFB(1) was of concern to the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives because of the known genotoxicity of AFB(1) and the ability of FBI to induce regenerative proliferation in target tissues. Humans living where maize is a dietary staple are at high risk for exposure to both mycotoxins. Our work has focused on Guatemala, a country in Central America where maize is consumed in large amounts every day and where intake of FBI has been shown to be potentially quite high using biomarker-based studies. In 2012 a survey was conducted which analysed maize samples for FB1 and AFB(1) from all 22 departments of Guatemala. The results show that the levels of APB(1) exposure are also potentially quite high in Guatemala, and likely throughout Central America and Mexico. The implications of co-exposure for human health are numerous, but one area of particular concern is the potential of FB1 to modulate APB(1) hepatoxicity and1or hepatocarcinogenicity. Both the mechanism of action of FB1 and its ability to promote liver carcinogenicity in rats and rainbow trout is consistent with this concern. In farm and laboratory animals FBI inhibits ceramide synthases, key enzymes in de novo ceramide biosynthesis. The inhibition of sphingolipid signalling pathways mediating programmed cell death and activation of pathways stimulating cell proliferation in livers of individuals exposed to APB(1) could contribute to the tumorigenicity of AFB(1). Studies investigating the health effects of either toxin should consider the potential for co-exposure to both toxins. Also, in countries where maize-based food are prepared by alkaline treatment of the maize kernels, the effect of traditional processing on AFB(1) levels and toxicity needs to be determined, especially for maize highly contaminated with AFB(1). C1 [Torres, O.] Lab Diagnost Mol SA, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. [Matute, J.] Ctr Invest Nutr & Salud, Guatemala City 01011, Guatemala. [Gelineau-van Waes, J.; Maddox, J. R.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Gregory, S. G.; Ashley-Koch, A. E.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Showker, J. L.; Voss, K. A.; Riley, R. T.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, RB Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Torres, O (reprint author), Lab Diagnost Mol SA, Edificio Multimedica Oficina 1009, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. EM ron.riley@ars.usda.gov OI Ashley-Koch, Allison/0000-0001-5409-9155 FU USDA-ARS [NP108, 6612-42000-012-00D]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development [RC4HD067971-01] FX The authors thank Adela Ruiz, Rosa Chovix and Waldemar Gonzalez for the field work and sample collection in Guatemala, Marta Maria Mendez, Cecilia de Mayorga, Luis Rodriguez and Flor Diaz for the maize extraction in Guatemala and Ana Ruth de Burckhard for support of logistics in Guatemala. This work was supported by USDA-ARS NP108 in house project 6612-42000-012-00D and Award Number RC4HD067971-01 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development or the National Institutes of Health. NR 84 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 21 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 SI SI BP 143 EP 159 DI 10.3920/WMJ2014.1736 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CA7YI UT WOS:000349133300003 ER PT J AU Williams, WP Krakowsky, MD Scully, BT Brown, RL Menkir, A Warburton, ML Windham, GL AF Williams, W. P. Krakowsky, M. D. Scully, B. T. Brown, R. L. Menkir, A. Warburton, M. L. Windham, G. L. TI Identifying and developing maize germplasm with resistance to accumulation of aflatoxins SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxin; maize; plant resistance ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ASPERGILLUS EAR ROT; CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; INBRED LINES; DISEASE RESISTANCE; INOCULATION TECHNIQUES; KERNEL INFECTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; INSECT DAMAGE AB Efforts to identify maize germplasm with resistance to Aspergillus flavus infection and subsequent accumulation of aflatoxins were initiated by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service at several locations in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Research units at four locations in the south-eastern USA are currently engaged in identification and development of maize germplasm with resistance to A. flavus infection and accumulation of aflatoxins. The Corn Host Plant Resistance Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS, developed procedures for screening germplasm for resistance to A. flavus infection and accumulation of aflatoxins. Mp313E, released in 1990, was the first line released as a source of resistance to A. flavus infection. Subsequently, germplasm lines Mp420, Mp715, Mp717, Mp718, and Mp719 were released as additional sources of resistance. Quantitative trait loci associated with resistance have also been identified in four bi-parental populations. The Crop Protection and Management Research Unit and Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, created a breeding population GT-MAS:gk. GT601, GT602, and GT603 were developed from GT-MAS:gk. The Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, New Orleans, LA, in collaboration with the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture used a kernel screening assay to screen germplasm and develop six germplasm lines with resistance to aflatoxins. The Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC, through the Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) Project provides to co-operators diverse germplasm that is a valuable source of resistance to Allavus infection and accumulation of aflatoxins in maize. C1 [Williams, W. P.; Warburton, M. L.; Windham, G. L.] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Krakowsky, M. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Plant Sci Res Unit, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Scully, B. T.] USDA ARS, Corn Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Brown, R. L.] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Menkir, A.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. RP Williams, WP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM paul.williams@ars.usda.gov NR 160 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 SI SI BP 193 EP 209 DI 10.3920/WMJ2014.1751 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CA7YI UT WOS:000349133300007 ER PT J AU Chen, ZY Rajasekaran, K Brown, RL Sayler, RJ Bhatnagar, D AF Chen, Z. -Y. Rajasekaran, K. Brown, R. L. Sayler, R. J. Bhatnagar, D. TI Discovery and confirmation of genes/proteins associated with maize aflatoxin resistance SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Aspergillus flavus; genomics; proteomics; transgenic; RNAi silencing; host induced gene silencing ID ATOXIGENIC ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEIN; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CORN TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; MYCOTOXIN CONTAMINATION; KERNEL INFECTION; GERMPLASM LINE; ALPHA-AMYLASE; EAR ROT; NON-BT AB Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the major crops susceptible to Aspergillus flavus infection and subsequent aflatoxin contamination. Many earlier studies indicated the roles of kernel proteins, especially constitutively expressed proteins, in maize resistance to A. flavus infection and aflatoxin production. In this review, we examined the past and current efforts in identifying maize genes and proteins from kernel, rachis, and silk tissues that may play an important role in resistance to A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination, as well as the efforts in determining the importance or involvement of them in maize resistance through biochemical, molecular and genetics studies. Through these studies, we gained a better understanding of host resistance mechanism: resistant lines appear to either express some stress-related and antifungal proteins at higher levels in endosperm, embryo, rachis and silk tissues before A. flavus infection or induce the expression of these proteins much faster compared to susceptible maize lines. In addition, we summarised several recent efforts in enhancing maize resistance to aflatoxin contamination using native genes from maize or heterologous and synthetic genes from other sources as well as from A. flavus. These efforts to either suppress A. flavus growth or aflatoxin production, have all shown some promising preliminary success. For example, maize plants transformed with an a-amylase inhibitor protein from Lablab purpurea showed reduced aflatoxin levels by 56% in kernel screening assays. The antifungal potentials of transgenic maize plants expressing synthetic lytic peptides, such as cecropin-based D4E1 or tachyplesin-based AGM peptides with demonstrated antiflavus activity (IC50 = 2.5 to 10 mu M), are yet to be assayed. Further investigation in these areas may provide a more cost-effective alternative to biocontrol in managing aflatoxin contamination in maize and other susceptible crops. C1 [Chen, Z. -Y.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Rajasekaran, K.; Brown, R. L.; Bhatnagar, D.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Sayler, R. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Chen, ZY (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, 302 Life Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM zchen@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 144 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 22 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 SI SI BP 211 EP 224 DI 10.3920/WMJ2014.1732 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CA7YI UT WOS:000349133300008 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, KC Moore, GG Mellon, JE Bhatnagar, D AF Ehrlich, K. C. Moore, G. G. Mellon, J. E. Bhatnagar, D. TI Challenges facing the biological control strategy for eliminating aflatoxin contamination SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Aspergillus flavus S and L strains; non-aflatoxigenic; sexual recombination; maize; cottonseed ID ASPERGILLUS-SECTION FLAVI; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; UNITED-STATES; BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; AGROECOLOGICAL-ZONES; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; ATOXIGENIC STRAIN; BIOCONTROL AGENT AB Competition with Aspergillus flavus isolates incapable of aflatoxin production is currently the most widely used biocontrol method for reducing aflatoxin contamination in maize and cottonseed where aflatoxin contamination is a persistent problem for human and animal health. The method involves spreading non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus spores onto the field prior to harvest. How competition works is not fully understood. Current theories suggest that atoxigenic A.flavus either simply displaces aflatoxin-producing isolates or that competition is an active inhibition process that occurs when the fungi occupy the same locus on the plant. In this paper we describe several challenges that the biocontrol strategy should address before this practice is introduced worldwide. These include the need to better understand the diversity of A. flavus populations in the agricultural soil, the effects of climate change on both this diversity and on plant susceptibility, the ability of the introduced biocontrol strain to outcross with existing aflatoxin-producing A. flavus, the adaptation of certain A. flavus isolates for predominant growth on the plant rather than in the soil, the difficulty in timing the application or controlling the stability of the inoculum, the effect of the introduction of the biocontrol strain on the soil microenvironment, the potential damage to the plant from the introduced strain, and the overall need to better understand the entire A. flavus toxin burden, beyond that of aflatoxin, that may result from A. flavus contamination. In addition, the cost/benefit ratio for the biocontrol method should be considered in comparing this method to other methods for reducing food and feed contamination with aflatoxins. C1 [Ehrlich, K. C.; Moore, G. G.; Mellon, J. E.; Bhatnagar, D.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Ehrlich, KC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 RE Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM ehrlich8@gmail.com NR 81 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 18 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 SI SI BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.3920/WMJ2014.1696 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA CA7YI UT WOS:000349133300009 ER PT J AU Van Beusekom, AE Gonzalez, G Rivera, MM AF Van Beusekom, Ashley E. Gonzalez, Grizelle Rivera, Maria M. TI Short-Term Precipitation and Temperature Trends along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico SO EARTH INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Tropics; Statistical techniques; Statistics; Seasonal variability; Trends ID SUBTROPICAL WET FOREST; MONTANE CLOUD FORESTS; GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; TIME-SERIES MODELS; MANN-KENDALL TEST; LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTION; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; HYDROLOGICAL SERIES AB As is true of many tropical regions, northeastern Puerto Rico is an ecologically sensitive area with biological life that is highly elevation dependent on precipitation and temperature. Climate change has the potential to increase the risk of losing endemic species and habitats. Consequently, it is important to explore the pattern of trends in precipitation and temperature along an elevation gradient. Statistical derivatives of a frequently sampled dataset of precipitation and temperature at 20 sites along an elevation gradient of 1000m in northeastern Puerto Rico were examined for trends from 2001 to 2013 with nonparametric methods accounting for annual periodic variations such as yearly weather cycles. Overall daily precipitation had an increasing trend of around 0.1 mm day(-1) yr(-1). The driest months of the annual dry, early, and late rainfall seasons showed a small increasing trend in the precipitation (around 0.1 mm day(-1) yr(-1)). There was strong evidence that precipitation in the driest months of each rainfall season increased faster at higher elevations (0.02 mm day(-1) more increase for 100-m elevation gain) and some evidence for the same pattern in precipitation in all months of the year but at half the rate. Temperature had a positive trend in the daily minimum (around 0.028 degrees C yr(-1)) and a negative trend in the daily maximum whose size is likely an order of magnitude larger than the size of the daily minimum trend. Physical mechanisms behind the trends may be related to climate change; longer-term studies will need to be undertaken in order to assess the future climatic trajectory of tropical forests. C1 [Van Beusekom, Ashley E.; Gonzalez, Grizelle; Rivera, Maria M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. RP Van Beusekom, AE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. EM ashley.vanbeusekom@gmail.com OI Van Beusekom, Ashley/0000-0002-6996-978X; Gonzalez, Grizelle /0000-0003-3007-5540 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB 0080538, DEB 0218039, DEB 0620910]; U.S. Forest Service (Department of Agriculture) Research Unit; Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory [EAR-1331841]; University of Puerto Rico FX This research was supported by Grants DEB 0080538, DEB 0218039, and DEB 0620910 from U.S. National Science Foundation to the Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies, University of Puerto Rico, and to the International Institute of Tropical Forestry (IITF) USDA Forest Service, as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. The U. S. Forest Service (Department of Agriculture) Research Unit, the Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory (EAR-1331841), and the University of Puerto Rico gave additional support. We thank Maya Quinones at the USDA Forest Service International Institute for Tropical Forestry for help with Figure 1. Field assistance was provided by Humberto Robles, Samuel Moya, Carlos Estrada, and Carlos Torrens. William A. Gould, D. Jean Lodge, and Ariel E. Lugo graciously provided comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We also would like to thank our anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firms names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 111 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1087-3562 J9 EARTH INTERACT JI Earth Interact. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 19 AR UNSP 3 DI 10.1175/EI-D-14-0023.1 PG 33 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AZ8JZ UT WOS:000348463000001 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Ariss, JJ Hassell, RL Buckner, S Levi, A AF Thies, Judy A. Ariss, Jennifer J. Hassell, Richard L. Buckner, Sharon Levi, Amnon TI Accessions of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides Are Valuable Rootstocks for Grafted Watermelon in Fields Infested with Root-knot Nematodes SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grafting; root-knot nematode; watermelon; rootstocks; Meloidogyne incognita; host resistance ID MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; FUSARIUM-WILT; RESISTANCE; GERMPLASM AB Root-knot nematode-resistant rootstock lines (designated RKVL for Root-Knot Vegetable Laboratory) derived from wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) were compared with wild tinda (Praecitrullus fistulosus) lines and commercial cucurbit rootstock cultivars for grafting of seedless triploid watermelon `Tri-X 313' (C. lanatus var. lanatus) in a field infested with the southern root-knot nematode (RICN) (Meloidogyne incognita) in Charleston, SC, during 2009 and 2010. In both years, RICN infection was severe in 'Emphasis' bottle gourd, 'Strong Tosa' hybrid squash, and wild tinda rootstocks with galling of the root system ranging from 86% to 100%. In 2009, the RKVL wild watermelon rootstocks exhibited lower (P < 0.05) percentages of root galling (range 9% to 16%) than non-grafted `Tri-X 313' (41%), 'Emphasis', 'Strong Tosa', and the wild tinda rootstocks. The grafted wild watermelon rootstock RKVL 318 produced more (PS 0.05) fruit (12 per plot) than all other entries (mean = five per plot), and it produced a heavier (PS 0.05) fruit yield (29.5 kg per plot) than all entries except self-grafted `Tri-X 313' (21.5 kg per plot). In 2010, soil in half of the plots was treated with methyl bromide (50%):chloropicrin (50%) (392 kg.ha(-1)) before planting. The RKVL wild watermelon rootstocks exhibited resistance to RKN with percentages of root system galled ranging from 11% for RKVL 316 to 56% for RKVL 301 in the untreated control plots. Fruit yields in the untreated plots were 21.9, 25.6, and 19.9 kg/plot for RICVL 301, RKVL 316, and RICVL 318, respectively. Yields were greater (P <= 0.05) for the three RICVL rootstocks than for 'Strong Tosa' (3:0 kg) and `Ojakkyo' wild watermelon rootstock (2.8 kg) in the untreated plots. Yields of watermelon grafted on 'Strong Tosa' were nearly seven times greater (P <= 0.05) in the methyl bromide-treated plots than in the untreated plots. In contrast, yields of RICVL 316 and RKVL 318 were similar in both treatments and the yield of RICVL 301 was less (P <= 0.05) in the methyl bromide-treated plots than in the untreated plots. The three RKVL wild watermelon rootstock lines exhibited resistance to RKN. RKVL 316 had low root galling and produced the heaviest fruit yield and greatest numbers of fruit of any rootstock evaluated in 2010. The RKVL lines should be useful sources of RKN resistance for rootstocks for grafted watermelon. C1 [Thies, Judy A.; Ariss, Jennifer J.; Buckner, Sharon; Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Hassell, Richard L.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Thies, JA (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM judy.thies@comcast.net NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 4 EP 8 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA0SF UT WOS:000348626100001 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Buckner, S Horry, M Hassell, R Levi, A AF Thies, Judy A. Buckner, Sharon Horry, Matthew Hassell, Richard Levi, Amnon TI Influence of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides Rootstocks and Their F1 Hybrids on Yield and Response to Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in Grafted Watermelon SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hybrid watermelon rootstocks; root-knot nematode resistance; grafting ID RESISTANCE; GERMPLASM AB Southern root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) are an important re-emerging pest of watermelon in the United States and worldwide. The re-emergence of root-knot nematodes (RKNs) in watermelon and other cucurbits is largely the result of the intensive cultivation of vegetable crops on limited agricultural lands coupled with the loss of methyl bromide for pre-plant soil fumigation, which has been the primary method for control of RKNs and many soilborne diseases of cucurbits and other vegetable crops for several decades. One alternative for managing RKN in watermelon is the use of resistant rootstocks for grafted watermelon. We have developed several RKN-resistant Citrullus lanatus var. citroides lines (designated RKVL for Root-Knot Vegetable Laboratory), which have shown promise as rootstocks for grafted watermelon. In 2011 and 2012, we demonstrated that F1 hybrids derived from our selected RKVL lines exhibited resistance to RKN that was equal to or greater than that of the parental RKVL lines when grown in fields highly infested with M. incognita. In 2011, although significant differences were not observed among rootstocks, the F1 hybrids produced slightly higher yields compared with the selected parental lines. Among the selected parental lines, RKVL 318 produced high yields in both years. In 2011, three of four RKVL parental lines and all four of their F1 hybrids produced greater (P < 0.05) fruit yields than self-grafted `Tri-X 313', 'Emphasis' bottle gourd, and 'Strong Tosa' squash hybrid. In 2012, three RKVL F1 hybrid lines produced higher yields than the selected parents. Overall, these F1 hybrids were vigorous and should provide useful genetic material for selection and development of robust RKN-resistant C. lanatus var. citroides rootstock lines. C1 [Thies, Judy A.; Buckner, Sharon; Horry, Matthew; Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Hassell, Richard] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Thies, JA (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Judy.Thies@comcast.net NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 9 EP 12 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA0SF UT WOS:000348626100002 ER PT J AU Coffey, JL Simmons, AM Shepard, BM Tadmor, Y Levi, A AF Coffey, John L. Simmons, Alvin M. Shepard, B. Merle Tadmor, Yaakov Levi, Amnon TI Potential Sources of Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Resistance in Desert Watermelon (Citrullus colocynthis) Germplasm SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci; Citrullus lanatus; breeding; germplasm; genetics; pest resistance ID BEMISIA-TABACI HOMOPTERA; LANATUS VAR. LANATUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BIORATIONAL INSECTICIDES; CULTIVATED WATERMELON; VEGETABLE CROPS; BIOTYPE B; POPULATIONS; ACCESSIONS; FLORIDA AB Selection for and incorporation of host plant resistance into cultivars is a fundamental strategy to control insects and diseases and may help reduce reliance on synthetic pesticides. The sweetpotato whitefly, Beinisia tabaci (Gennadius), is an important pest of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsum. and Nakai var. lanatus] and is among the most damaging pests in many agricultural systems worldwide. Citrullus colocynthis L., a perennial melon species indigenous to arid regions of northern Africa, the Mediterranean region, and southwestern Asia, is a valuable source of resistance to insect pests and diseases of watermelon. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate selected C. colocynthis genotypes for sources of resistance to B. tabaci. Thirty genotypes of C. colocynthis, collected in different geographic regions, were evaluated against the heirloom cultivar Calhoun Gray using first a horizontal Y-tube olfactometer in the laboratory. A selected subset of the genotypes was evaluated in a second experiment in the laboratory using a vertical monitoring assay. In this assay, whiteflies could freely move upward to feed and oviposit on leaves placed in the upper portion of a Y-tube. In a third experiment, a choice assay was conducted on selected genotypes in cages in the greenhouse. Of the 30 C. colocynthis genotypes evaluated, PI 346082 (collected in Afghanistan) exhibited the highest level of resistance against B. tabaci based on all three experiments. PI 537277 (collected in Pakistan) exhibited a significantly high level of whitefly resistance based on low survival of adult whiteflies and a low ratio of nymphs to eggs. P1346082 and PI 537277 should be a useful source for breeding projects aiming to improve whitefly resistance in watermelon cultivars. C1 [Coffey, John L.] Coll Charleston Master Sci Environm Studies Progr, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Coffey, John L.; Simmons, Alvin M.; Levi, Amnon] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Shepard, B. Merle] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Tadmor, Yaakov] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Simmons, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM alvin.aimmons@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 13 EP 17 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA0SF UT WOS:000348626100003 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Levi, A Ariss, JJ Hassell, RL AF Thies, Judy A. Levi, Amnon Ariss, Jennifer J. Hassell, Richard L. TI RKVL-318, a Root-knot Nematode-resistant Watermelon Line as Rootstock for Grafted Watermelon SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Citrullus lanatus var. citroides; Meloidogyne incognita; watermelon breeding ID GERMPLASM C1 [Thies, Judy A.; Levi, Amnon; Ariss, Jennifer J.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Hassell, Richard L.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Thies, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM judy.thies@comcast.net NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 141 EP 142 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA0SF UT WOS:000348626100022 ER PT J AU Mou, BQ AF Mou, Beiquan TI Red Leaf Lettuce Breeding Line with Resistance to Corky Root, 06-810 SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Rhizomonas suberifaciens; Sphingomonas suberifaciens; disease resistance; Lactuca sativa; germplasm ID ICEBERG LETTUCE C1 ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Mou, BQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM beiquan.mou@ars.usda.gov FU California Leafy Greens Research Program FX This research was supported in part by grants from the California Leafy Greens Research Program. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 143 EP 144 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA0SF UT WOS:000348626100023 ER PT J AU Pounders, CT Sakhanokho, HF Nyochembeng, LM AF Pounders, Cecil T. Sakhanokho, Hamidou F. Nyochembeng, Leopold M. TI Begonia xsemperflorens FB08-59 and FB08-163 Clonal Germplasm SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE wax begonia; fibrous-rooted begonia; stress tolerance C1 [Pounders, Cecil T.; Sakhanokho, Hamidou F.] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Nyochembeng, Leopold M.] E Alabama A&M Univ, Plant Pathol Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP Pounders, CT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, 810 Highway 26 West, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM Cecil.Pounders@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 145 EP 146 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA0SF UT WOS:000348626100024 ER PT J AU Griffith, MP Calonje, M Meerow, AW Tut, F Kramer, AT Hird, A Magellan, TM Husby, CE AF Griffith, M. Patrick Calonje, Michael Meerow, Alan W. Tut, Freddy Kramer, Andrea T. Hird, Abby Magellan, Tracy M. Husby, Chad E. TI CAN A BOTANIC GARDEN CYCAD COLLECTION CAPTURE THE GENETIC DIVERSITY IN A WILD POPULATION? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE conservation genetics; ex situ conservation; living collections; microsatellite; Zamia decumbens ID SITU PLANT CONSERVATION; RAIN-FOREST CYCAD; ENDANGERED PLANTS; ZAMIA ZAMIACEAE; PUERTO-RICO; RARE; PATTERNS; PALM; REPRODUCTION; HORTICULTURE AB Premise of research. Conservation of plant species often requires ex situ (off-site) cultivation of living collections. Cycads constitute the most imperiled major group of plants, and ex situ collections are an important part of conservation planning for this group, given seed recalcitrance, difficulties with tissue culture, and ongoing in situ threats. Very little is known about the genetics of ex situ conservation collections of cycads. Thus, this study seeks to illuminate how well an ex situ collection of a cycad can capture the diversity in a wild population. Methodology. A model species, Zarnia decumbens, was chosen on the basis of geographic isolation and detailed census knowledge, which allowed near-total sampling of in situ plants. Overall, 375 in situ plants were compared to 205 ex situ plants via 10 microsatellite markers. Pivotal results. Genetic-distance analysis shows high fidelity of the ex situ collections to their in situ source populations as well as clustering of ex situ progeny by accession and strong identity with their respective mother plants. Structured resampling of allele capture from the in situ populations by the ex situ collections shows that allele capture increases as number of ex situ plants maintained increases, but with a diminishing rate of increase. Conclusions. These data demonstrate that botanic garden collections can better conserve the genetic diversity of in situ cycad populations if four recommendations are followed: (1) use the species biology to inform the collecting strategy; (2) manage each population separately; (3) collect and maintain multiple accessions; and (4) collect over multiple years. C1 [Griffith, M. Patrick; Calonje, Michael; Magellan, Tracy M.; Husby, Chad E.] Montgomery Bot Ctr, Coral Gables, FL 33156 USA. [Calonje, Michael] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Meerow, Alan W.] ARS, USDA, Miami, FL USA. [Tut, Freddy] Belize Bot Gardens, San Ignacio, Cayo, Belize. [Kramer, Andrea T.; Hird, Abby] Bot Gardens Conservat Int, Claremont, CA USA. [Kramer, Andrea T.] Chicago Bot Garden, Chicago, IL USA. RP Griffith, MP (reprint author), Montgomery Bot Ctr, Coral Gables, FL 33156 USA. EM patrick@montgomerybotanical.org OI Calonje, Michael/0000-0001-9650-3136 FU Institute of Museum and Library Services [MA-05-12-0336-12]; National Science Foundation [DEB 1050340]; Association of Zoological Horticulture, SOS [2012A-035]; Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund [12254271] FX We are grateful to the Belize Forest Department, the Belize Agricultural Health Authority, the USDA, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service for permission to collect, transport, and study plant material, Research and analysis were generously funded by an Institute of Museum and Library Services grant (MA-05-12-0336-12: Mission Based Collections Planning), and marker development was funded by a National Science Foundation award (DEB 1050340). Fieldwork to study, collect, and conserve material was supported by the Association of Zoological Horticulture, SOS (Save Our Species; grant 2012A-035), and the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund (project 12254271). Staff time, funding, and in-kind contributions from the coauthors' organizations also supported the project. The authors are also grateful to the following persons and organizations: Rudy Aguilar, the Belize Defense Force, Claudia Calonje, Helen Campbell, Judy duPlooy, duPlooy's Jungle Lodge Resort, Javier Francisco-Ortega, Green Hills Botanical Collections, William Mesh, Jan Meerman, Vickie Murphy, Kyoko Nakamura, Kevin Wells, Dayana Salas-Leiva, San Jose Hawaii Village, Gail Stott, Valentino Tzub, the Ya'axche Conservation Trust, and two anonymous reviewers. This is contribution number 288 from the Tropical Biology Program of Florida international University. NR 63 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 30 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 EI 1537-5315 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 176 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1086/678466 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AZ6UU UT WOS:000348356800001 ER PT J AU Djamai, N Magagi, R Goita, K Hosseini, M Cosh, MH Berg, A Toth, B AF Djamai, Najib Magagi, Ramata Goita, Kalifa Hosseini, Mehdi Cosh, Michael H. Berg, Aaron Toth, Brenda TI Evaluation of SMOS soil moisture products over the CanEx-SM10 area SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE SMOS; AMSR-E/NSIDC; AMSR-ENUA; ASCAT; Soil moisture; CanEx-SM10 field campaign ID AMERICAN REGIONAL REANALYSIS; AMSR-E; ERS SCATTEROMETER; IN-SITU; VALIDATION; RETRIEVAL; MODEL; INDEX; ASCAT; NETWORK AB The Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Earth observation satellite was launched in November 2009 to provide global soil moisture and ocean salinity measurements based on L-band passive microwave measurements. Since its launch, different versions of SMOS soil moisture products processors have been developed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the processor versions 309, 400, 501 and 551 by comparing them to (a) soil moisture measurements from the Canadian Experiment for Soil Moisture in 2010 (CanEx-SM10) and from networks of permanent and temporary stations, and (b) other existing satellite-based soil moisture products (AMSR-E/NSIDC, AMSR-E/VUA, and ASCAT). Rainfall data were used during the analysis in order to understand the episodic variability of soil moisture. The analysis included both agricultural site (Canadian Prairies) and forested site (Boreal Ecosystem Research and Monitoring Sites; BERMS), and considered separately the SMOS ascending and descending modes. An improvement in SMOS soil moisture estimation was observed from the processor versions 309 to 551. We observed a little difference between the processor versions 400, 501, and particularly between the processor versions 501 and 551. These later versions were more correlated to ground measurements than the previous processor versions. For the agricultural site, all the four SMOS processor versions underestimated the soil moisture, but to varying degrees depending on the overpasses mode. For the ascending overpass, the four processor versions have a high bias with respect to the measured ground data (from -0.10 m(3)/m(3) to -0.12 m(3)/m(3)). For the descending overpass, however, a good improvement in the algorithms was observed. Thus the maximum bias for the measured ground data went from 0.12 m(3)/m(3) for processor version 309 to -0.02 m(3)/m(3) for processor version 551, and the soil moisture error seems to be less dependent on the absolute soil moisture for the two last versions. Highest correlation coefficients with ground measurements were obtained with SMOS processor version 551 (R >= 0.58), ASCAT (R >= 0.55), and AMSR-E/NSIDC (R >= 0.54) products for ascending overpasses. For descending overpasses AMSR-E/NSIDC (R >= 0.82) is better correlated to ground measurements followed by SMOS (R >= 0.58) and ASCAT (R >= 0.32). However, AMSR-E/VUA appears weakly correlated with ground truth for both overpasses. Despite the good correlation found with ground data, the temporal evolution of AMSR-E/NSIDC data became stable with the vegetation growth and presented a weak sensitivity to rainfall. Over the forested site, SMOS soil moisture estimates were generally overestimated, especially before the active vegetation period where the bias obtained with prototype 551 was greater than 0.10 m(3)/m(3). Moreover, due to the denser and more complex vegetation cover, SMOS data were less correlated with the in situ data than for the Kenaston agricultural site. Soil moisture values from the ascending overpass were closer to the ground measurements (bias similar to 0.01m(3)/m(3)) than the estimates from the descending overpasses (0.09 <= bias <= 0.11 m(3)/m(3)). ASCAT presented correlation coefficients to ground data comparable to those obtained by SMOS (version 551), whereas lower correlation coefficients were obtained with AMSR-E-NSIDC and mainly with AMSR-E/VUA data. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Djamai, Najib; Magagi, Ramata; Goita, Kalifa; Hosseini, Mehdi] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Geomat Appl, CARTEL, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Cosh, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Berg, Aaron] Univ Guelph, Dept Geog, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Toth, Brenda] Environm Canada, MSC Hydrometeorol & Arct Lab, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada. RP Djamai, N (reprint author), Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Geomat Appl, CARTEL, 2500 Boul Univ, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. EM Najib.Djamai@usherbrooke.ca; Ramata.Magagi@USherbrooke.ca; Kalifa.Goita@USherbrooke.ca; Mehdi.Hosseini@USherbrooke.ca; Michael.Cosh@ars.usda.gov; aberg@uoguelph.ca; Brenda.Toth@ec.gc.ca OI Cosh, Michael/0000-0003-4776-1918 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX This study was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) as a contribution to the SMOS calibration/validation activities. The authors would like to thank all of the participants in the Canadian Experiment for Soil Moisture in 2010 (CanEx-SM10) and the CanEx-SM10 funding agencies in Canada and US (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Environment Canada, Canadian Space Agency, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and United States Department of Agriculture). We also thank the European Space Agency (ESA) for providing the SMOS and ASCAT data, the NSIDC and VUA-NASA for providing the AMSR-E data, and the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the paper. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 520 BP 254 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.11.026 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AZ5IW UT WOS:000348255900022 ER PT J AU Farmer, BD Straus, DL Beck, BH Kelly, AM AF Farmer, Bradley D. Straus, David L. Beck, Benjamin H. Kelly, Anita M. TI The Effectiveness of Flow-Through or Static Copper Sulfate Treatments on the Survival of Golden Shiners and Fathead Minnows Infected with Flavobacterium columnare SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; ADHESION AB Four studies were conducted to compare the effects of copper sulfate (CuSO4), when delivered in either a flow-through or a static system, on the survival of Golden Shiners Notemigonus crysoleucas and Fathead Minnows Pimephales promelas infected with Flavobacterium columnare. The treatment regimens were administered to fish in well water and were based on the recommended treatment rate (1% of alkalinity). Golden Shiners (experiments 1 and 3) and Fathead Minnows (experiments 2 and 4) were treated separately. In experiments 1 and 2, the treatment rate was 2.0 mg/L CuSO4 applied to a flow-through system daily for five consecutive days; control fish were untreated. Study durations were 7 d with the majority of the mortalities occurring in the first 5 d. Survival rates in the flow-through system were 77% and 69% for CuSO4-treated Golden Shiners and Fathead Minnows, respectively. Survival in both species was significantly different from that in their untreated control fish, which was 33% for Golden Shiners and 41% for Fathead Minnows. Static applications of CuSO4 were investigated in experiments 3 and 4. Treatment doses were 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L (approximately 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 times the recommended rate). Survival of Fathead Minnows in this experiment was 10, 28, 52, 47, and 35% in the 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L CuSO4 treatments, respectively. The corresponding survival of Golden Shiners was 49, 50, 65, 75, and 60% in the 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L CuSO4 treatments, respectively. C1 [Farmer, Bradley D.; Straus, David L.; Beck, Benjamin H.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Kelly, Anita M.] Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff, Lonoke Agr Ctr, East Lonoke, AR 72086 USA. RP Farmer, BD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM bradley.farmer@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2015 VL 77 IS 1 BP 90 EP 95 DI 10.1080/15222055.2014.953280 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AZ8KY UT WOS:000348465700014 ER PT J AU O'Neil, CE Nicklas, TA Fulgoni, VL AF O'Neil, Carol E. Nicklas, Theresa A. Fulgoni, Victor L., III TI Tree Nut Consumption Is Associated with Better Nutrient Adequacy and Diet Quality in Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE tree nuts; NHANES; adults; nutrient adequacy; diet quality ID VITAMIN-E; EATING INDEX-2005; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; UNITED-STATES; US ADULTS; PREVENTION; DEFICIENCY; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; ENERGY AB Nutrient adequacy of tree nut consumers has not been examined. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 data were used to assess the association of tree nut consumption by adults 19+ years (n = 14,386) with nutrient adequacy and diet quality. Covariate adjusted usual intake was determined using two 24-h dietary recalls and the National Cancer Institute method. Percentages of the consumption groups below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or above the Adequate Intake (AI) were determined. Diet quality was determined using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI) score. Usual intake data showed consumers of tree nuts had a lower percentage (p < 0.0001) of the population below the EAR for vitamins A (22 +/- 5 vs. 49 +/- 1), E (38 +/- 4 vs. 94 +/- 0.4) and C (17 +/- 4 vs. 44 +/- 1); folate (2.5 +/- 1.5 vs. 12 +/- 0.6); calcium (26 +/- 3 vs. 44 +/- 1); iron (3 +/- 0.6 vs. 9 +/- 0.4); magnesium (8 +/- 1 vs. 60 +/- 1); and zinc (1.5 +/- 1 vs. 13 +/- 1). Tree nut consumers had a higher percentage (p < 0.0001) of the population above the AI for fiber (33 +/- 3 vs. 4 +/- 0.3) and potassium (12 +/- 3 mg vs. 2 +/- 0.2 mg). HEI-2005 total score was higher (p < 0.0001) in tree nut consumers (61 +/- 0.7 vs. 52 +/- 0.3) than non-consumers. Health professionals should encourage the use of tree nuts as part of a dietary approach to healthy eating. C1 [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ Agr Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI 49014 USA. RP O'Neil, CE (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ Agr Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM coneil1@lsu.edu; tnicklas@bcm.edu; VIC3RD@aol.com FU International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research & Education Foundation; USDA-Agricultural Research Service [58-3092-5-001]; USDA Hatch Project [LAB94209] FX This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. Support was obtained from the International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research & Education Foundation and USDA-Agricultural Research Service through a specific cooperative agreement 58-3092-5-001. Partial support was received from the USDA Hatch Project LAB94209. The funding sources had no input into the study design or the interpretation of the results. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 595 EP 607 DI 10.3390/nu7010595 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AZ7ML UT WOS:000348402900032 PM 25599274 ER PT J AU Bonnaillie, LM Tomasula, PM AF Bonnaillie, Laetitia M. Tomasula, Peggy M. TI Application of Humidity-Controlled Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA-RH) to Moisture-Sensitive Edible Casein Films for Use in Food Packaging SO POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Hydrophilic thin films; dynamic mechanical analysis; environmental conditions; temperature; humidity; edible packaging; casein; tensile properties ID WHEY-PROTEIN ISOLATE; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; CO2-PRECIPITATED CASEIN; BARRIER; WATER; PERMEABILITY; GLYCEROL; OIL AB Protein-based and other hydrophilic thin films are promising materials for the manufacture of edible food packaging and other food and non-food applications. Calcium caseinate (CaCas) films are highly hygroscopic and physical characterization under broad environmental conditions is critical to application development and film optimization. A new technology, humidity-controlled dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA-RH) was explored to characterize CaCas/glycerol films (3: 1 ratio) during isohume temperature (T) ramps and steps, and isothermal RH ramps and steps, to determine their mechanical and moisture-sorption properties during extensive T and RH variations. When RH and/or T increased, CaCas/Gly films became strongly plasticized and underwent several primary and secondary humidity-dependent transition temperatures (or transition humidities); the CaCas/Gly network hypothetically rearranged itself to adapt to the increased water-content and heat-induced molecular mobility. Between 5-40 degrees C and 20%-61% RH, moisture-sorption was rapid and proportional to humidity between transition points and accelerated greatly during transitions. CaCas/Gly films seemed unsuitable for storage or utilization in warm/humid conditions as they lost their mechanical integrity around T-m similar to 40 degrees C at 50% RH and T-m decreased greatly with increased RH. However, below T-m, both moisture-and heat-induced structural changes in the films were fully reversible and casein films may withstand a variety of moderate abuse conditions. C1 [Bonnaillie, Laetitia M.; Tomasula, Peggy M.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Bonnaillie, LM (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM laetitia.bonnaillie@ars.usda.gov; peggy.tomasula@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 33 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4360 J9 POLYMERS-BASEL JI Polymers PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 91 EP 114 DI 10.3390/polym7010091 PG 24 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA AZ7MM UT WOS:000348403000004 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RD Popescu, SC Gatziolis, D Morgan, CLS Ku, NW AF Sheridan, Ryan D. Popescu, Sorin C. Gatziolis, Demetrios Morgan, Cristine L. S. Ku, Nian-Wei TI Modeling Forest Aboveground Biomass and Volume Using Airborne LiDAR Metrics and Forest Inventory and Analysis Data in the Pacific Northwest SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE LiDAR; forestry; modeling; Monitoring; inventory ID LASER SCANNER DATA; MULTISPECTRAL DATA FUSION; ESTIMATING TREE HEIGHT; VARIABLE WINDOW SIZE; CANOPY STRUCTURE; CROWN DIAMETER; FIRE BEHAVIOR; PINE FORESTS; STAND VOLUME; STEM VOLUME AB The United States Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program provides a diverse selection of data used to assess the status of the nation's forests using sample locations dispersed throughout the country. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) systems are capable of producing accurate measurements of individual tree dimensions and also possess the ability to characterize forest structure in three dimensions. This study investigates the potential of discrete return ALS data for modeling forest aboveground biomass (AGBM) and gross volume (gV) at FIA plot locations in the Malheur National Forest, eastern Oregon utilizing three analysis levels: (1) individual subplot (r = 7.32 m); (2) plot, comprising four clustered subplots; and (3) hectare plot (r = 56.42 m). A methodology for the creation of three point cloud-based airborne LiDAR metric sets is presented. Models for estimating AGBM and gV based on LiDAR-derived height metrics were built and validated utilizing FIA estimates of AGBM and gV derived using regional allometric equations. Simple linear regression models based on the plot-level analysis out performed subplot-level and hectare-level models, producing R-2 values of 0.83 and 0.81 for AGBM and gV, utilizing mean height and the 90th height percentile as predictors, respectively. Similar results were found for multiple regression models, where plot-level analysis produced models with R-2 values of 0.87 and 0.88 for AGBM and gV, utilizing multiple height percentile metrics as predictor variables. Results suggest that the current FIA plot design can be used with dense airborne LiDAR data to produce area-based estimates of AGBM and gV, and that the increased spatial scale of hectare plots may be inappropriate for modeling AGBM of gV unless exhaustive tree tallies are available. Overall, this study demonstrates that ALS data can be used to create models that describe the AGBM and gV of Pacific Northwest FIA plots and highlights the potential of estimates derived from ALS data to augment current FIA data collection procedures by providing a temporary intermediate estimation of AGBM and gV for plots with outdated field measurements. C1 [Sheridan, Ryan D.; Popescu, Sorin C.; Ku, Nian-Wei] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, LiDAR Applicat Study Ecosyst Remote Sensing LASER, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Gatziolis, Demetrios] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Morgan, Cristine L. S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Sheridan, RD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, LiDAR Applicat Study Ecosyst Remote Sensing LASER, 1500 Res Pkwy Suite B 217, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM ryan.sheridan@tamu.edu; s-popescu@tamu.edu; dgatziolis@fs.fed.us; cmorgan@ag.tamu.edu; goofno17@tamu.edu RI Popescu, Sorin/D-5981-2015; Morgan, Cristine`/A-1555-2013 OI Popescu, Sorin/0000-0002-8155-8801; Morgan, Cristine`/0000-0001-9836-0669 FU United States Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research station FX We would like to thank the United States Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research station for their support through the LiDAR Assisted Forest Inventory and Analysis Measurements Grant, the NASA New Investigator Program Grant (A Multi-scale Approach using LiDAR and MODIS Products for Assessing Forest Carbon), and Edward Uebler, Forest Analyst with the Malheur National Forest, for help with logistics and his diligence with plot geolocation. NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 37 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 229 EP 255 DI 10.3390/rs70100229 PG 27 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA AZ7MB UT WOS:000348401900012 ER PT J AU Reuter, DC Richardson, CM Pellerano, FA Irons, JR Allen, RG Anderson, M Jhabvala, MD Lunsford, AW Montanaro, M Smith, RL Tesfaye, Z Thome, KJ AF Reuter, Dennis C. Richardson, Cathleen M. Pellerano, Fernando A. Irons, James R. Allen, Richard G. Anderson, Martha Jhabvala, Murzy D. Lunsford, Allen W. Montanaro, Matthew Smith, Ramsey L. Tesfaye, Zelalem Thome, Kurtis J. TI The Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) on Landsat 8: Design Overview and Pre-Launch Characterization SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Landsat; LDCM; TIRS; thermal sensors; evapotranspiration; QWIP ID RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION AB The Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) on Landsat 8 is the latest thermal sensor in that series of missions. Unlike the previous single-channel sensors, TIRS uses two channels to cover the 10-12.5 micron band. It is also a pushbroom imager; a departure from the previous whiskbroom approach. Nevertheless, the instrument requirements are defined such that data continuity is maintained. This paper describes the design of the TIRS instrument, the results of pre-launch calibration measurements and shows an example of initial on-orbit science performance compared to Landsat 7. C1 [Reuter, Dennis C.; Richardson, Cathleen M.; Pellerano, Fernando A.; Irons, James R.; Jhabvala, Murzy D.; Montanaro, Matthew; Smith, Ramsey L.; Thome, Kurtis J.] NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Allen, Richard G.] Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Anderson, Martha] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lunsford, Allen W.] NASA GSFC CUA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Tesfaye, Zelalem] Millenium Engn & Integrat Co, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Reuter, DC (reprint author), NASA GSFC, Code 693, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM dennis.c.reuter@nasa.gov; cathleen.m.richardson@nasa.gov; fernando.a.pellerano@nasa.gov; james.r.irons@nasa.gov; rallen@kimberly.uidaho.edu; martha.anderson@ars.usda.gov; murzy.d.jhabvala@nasa.gov; allen.w.lunsford@nasa.gov; matthew.montanaro@nasa.gov; Ramsey.L.Smith@nasa.gov; zelalem.tesfaye@nasa.gov; kurtis.thome@nasa.gov RI Thome, Kurtis/D-7251-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1135 EP 1153 DI 10.3390/rs70101135 PG 19 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA AZ7MB UT WOS:000348401900054 ER PT J AU Welch, KD Panter, KE Lee, ST Gardner, DR AF Welch, K. D. Panter, K. E. Lee, S. T. Gardner, D. R. TI The effect of intermittent dosing of Nicotiana glauca on teratogenesis in goats SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Nicotiana glauca; Anabasine; Teratogen; Goats; Intermittent treatment ID CLEFT-PALATE; POISONOUS PLANTS; FETAL MOVEMENT; ANABASINE; PIPERIDINE; INGESTION; RECEPTOR; MODEL AB Sustained inhibition of fetal movement in livestock species, induced by several poisonous plants, can result in numerous skeletal-contracture malformations. Lupines are responsible for a condition in cattle referred to as "crooked calf syndrome" that occurs when pregnant cattle graze teratogenic lupines. Similar malformations are also seen in animals poisoned by Conium maculatum (coniine) and Nicotiana glauca (anabasine). A proposed management strategy to limit these types of birth defects includes utilizing an intermittent grazing schedule to allow short durations of grazing lupine-infested areas interrupted by movement to a lupine-free pasture. The objective of this study was to use a goat model to determine if an intermittent schedule of five continuous days on treatment followed by two days off treatment would be sufficient to decrease, or prevent, the incidence of anabasine-induced malformations. The data from this study suggest that, for N. glauca in goats, the intermittent grazing program of five days exposure with two days of non-exposure is insufficient to prevent significant skeletal malformations from occurring. However, this study did demonstrate an inverse relationship between the amount of serum anabasine in the dam and the extent of fetal movement. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Welch, K. D.; Panter, K. E.; Lee, S. T.; Gardner, D. R.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Panter, KE (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Kip.Panter@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JAN PY 2015 VL 93 BP 119 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.11.232 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA AZ6OH UT WOS:000348338300017 PM 25451537 ER PT J AU Kroemer, JA Bonning, BC Harrison, RL AF Kroemer, Jeremy A. Bonning, Bryony C. Harrison, Robert L. TI Expression, Delivery and Function of Insecticidal Proteins Expressed by Recombinant Baculoviruses SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Review DE baculovirus; genetic modification; crop protection; pest management; neurotoxins; enzymes ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; JUVENILE-HORMONE ESTERASE; SINGLE-NUCLEOCAPSID NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; CALIFORNICA M-NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; MEMBRANE-DEGRADING PROTEASE; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUSES; BOMBYX-MORI NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; THURINGIENSIS SUBSP KURSTAKI; FIBROBLAST-GROWTH-FACTOR; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI LARVAE AB Since the development of methods for inserting and expressing genes in baculoviruses, a line of research has focused on developing recombinant baculoviruses that express insecticidal peptides and proteins. These recombinant viruses have been engineered with the goal of improving their pesticidal potential by shortening the time required for infection to kill or incapacitate insect pests and reducing the quantity of crop damage as a consequence. A wide variety of neurotoxic peptides, proteins that regulate insect physiology, degradative enzymes, and other potentially insecticidal proteins have been evaluated for their capacity to reduce the survival time of baculovirus-infected lepidopteran host larvae. Researchers have investigated the factors involved in the efficient expression and delivery of baculovirus-encoded insecticidal peptides and proteins, with much effort dedicated to identifying ideal promoters for driving transcription and signal peptides that mediate secretion of the expressed target protein. Other factors, particularly translational efficiency of transcripts derived from recombinant insecticidal genes and post-translational folding and processing of insecticidal proteins, remain relatively unexplored. The discovery of RNA interference as a gene-specific regulation mechanism offers a new approach for improvement of baculovirus biopesticidal efficacy through genetic modification. C1 [Kroemer, Jeremy A.; Bonning, Bryony C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Harrison, Robert L.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Harrison, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jeremy.alan.kroemer@monsanto.com; bbonning@iastate.edu; Robert.L.Harrison@ars.usda.gov OI Harrison, Robert/0000-0002-8348-3874 FU Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute Virus-Insect Interactions Initiative; Hatch Act; State of Iowa FX This material is based on work supported by the Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute Virus-Insect Interactions Initiative, as well as Hatch Act and State of Iowa funds. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 146 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 23 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 422 EP 455 DI 10.3390/v7010422 PG 34 WC Virology SC Virology GA AZ7LY UT WOS:000348401600021 PM 25609310 ER PT J AU Rezende, JM Lofego, AC Ochoa, R Bauchan, G AF Rezende, Jose Marcos Lofego, Antonio Carlos Ochoa, Ronald Bauchan, Gary TI New species of Daidalotarsonemus and Excelsotarsonemus (Acari, Tarsonemidae) from the Brazilian rainforest SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Forest; canopy; faunistics; LT-SEM; systematics; Tarsonemoidea; Trombidiformes ID MITES ACARI; GENUS AB Three new species of Tarsonemidae, Daidalotarsonemus oliveirai Rezende, Lofego & Ochoa, sp. n., Excelsotarsonemus caravelis Rezende, Lofego & Ochoa, sp. n. and Excelsotarsonemus tupi Rezende, Lofego & Ochoa, sp. n. are described and illustrated. Measurements for these species are provided, as well as drawings, phase contrast (PC), differential interference contrast (DIC) and low temperature scanning electron microscopy (LT-SEM) micrographs. Some characters, which have not been used or clearly understood, are described herein. Biological, ecological and agricultural aspects about the role of these species in the rainforest and its surrounding environment are briefly discussed. C1 [Rezende, Jose Marcos] Sao Paulo State Univ, Programa Posgrad Biol Anim, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. [Lofego, Antonio Carlos] Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. [Ochoa, Ronald] ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bauchan, Gary] ARS, USDA, Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rezende, JM (reprint author), Sao Paulo State Univ, Programa Posgrad Biol Anim, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. EM jmrezende@live.com RI Rezende, Jose Marcos/K-6694-2015; Lofego, Antonio /H-6266-2012; OI Lofego, Antonio Carlos/0000-0002-3495-6858 FU FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo) [Procs. 2011/19890-0, 2013/08402-0] FX To FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo) (Procs. 2011/19890-0 and 2013/08402-0) for its financial support. To Prof. Dr. Anibal R. Oliveira (UESC) for his support during the samplings in Bahia State. To Nit Malikul, Debra Creel (SEL-USDA) for their technical support and to Chris Pooley (ECMU-USDA) for their help with the LT-SEM images. To Dr. Gregory Evans (APHIS-USDA), for helpful suggestions and careful review of the manuscript. To Dr. Cal Welbourn (DPI-FDACS) and Dr. Evert Lindquist (BRCAC) for their comments and suggestions. To the Smithsonian Natural History Museum and National Agricultural Library (NAL-USDA), SEL-USDA for support and assistance with references for this study. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 475 BP 1 EP 36 DI 10.3897/zookeys.475.8827 PG 36 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ6UY UT WOS:000348357200001 PM 25684996 ER PT J AU Skinner, RH Dell, CJ AF Skinner, R. Howard Dell, Curtis J. TI Comparing pasture C sequestration estimates from eddy covariance and soil cores SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Pastures; Eddy covariance; Soil organic carbon ID CARBON SEQUESTRATION; ORGANIC-CARBON; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; NET ECOSYSTEM; CO2 EXCHANGE; GRASSLAND; BUDGET; MANAGEMENT; FLUX; NITROGEN AB Temperate pastures in the Northeast USA are highly productive and could act as significant sinks for soil organic carbon (SOC). However, soils under mature pastures are often considered to have reached equilibrium such that no further sequestration of SOC is expected. This study quantified changes in pasture SOC over nine years using micrometeorological (eddy covariance) measurements of net changes in ecosystem C and direct measurements of changes in SOC (soil cores). Eddy covariance estimates of C flux were made both with and without corrections for sensor self-heating. Change in SOC as measured by the soil core method was non-significant for the Low-N pasture (19 +/- 105 g C m(-2) yr(-1),P= 0.89). However, a significant loss of -504 +/- 91 g C m(-2) yr(-1) (P = 0.01) occurred for the High-N pasture with the amount lost increasing with depth in the soil profile. Eddy covariance measurements without the self-heating correction differed only slightly between pastures with a net flux of -9 and -20 g C m(-2) yr(-1) for the Low- and High-N pastures, respectively. Applying the sensor self-heating correction to the eddy covariance data increased the estimated loss of ecosystem C by 94 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the Low-N and 102 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the High-N pasture. Both soil cores and eddy covariance suggest that the Low-N pasture was C neutral over the nine years of the study. A large amount of C was lost from deep in the soil profile from the High-N pasture which could not be explained by fluxes measured with the eddy covariance system. Comparison of eddy covariance and soil core data was not useful for determining the appropriateness of using the sensor self-heating correction at this location. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Skinner, R. Howard; Dell, Curtis J.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Skinner, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM howard.skinner@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 199 BP 52 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.020 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ1RK UT WOS:000348015400006 ER PT J AU Vadas, PA Busch, DL Powell, JM Brink, GE AF Vadas, Peter A. Busch, Dennis L. Powell, J. Mark Brink, Geoff E. TI Monitoring runoff from cattle-grazed pastures for a phosphorus loss quantification tool SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Phosphorus; Runoff; Grazing; Model ID WATER-QUALITY; OVERLAND-FLOW; SURFACE RUNOFF; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; CHEMICAL-QUALITY; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; GRAZING LAND; DAIRY-CATTLE; NEW-ZEALAND; PART 1 AB Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss from agriculture persists as a water quality impairment issue. For dairy farms, nutrients can be lost from cropland, pastures, barnyards, and outdoor cattle lots. We monitored N and P loss in runoff from dairy and beef grazed pastures for two years in southwest Wisconsin, USA and tested the accuracy of the Annual P Loss Estimator (APLE) model to predict runoff P from pastures using study and literature data. About 3-10% of annual precipitation became runoff from the pastures, and sediment loss was very low due to well-established vegetation. Measured annual nutrient loss in runoff was also low, averaging 1.0 kg ha(-1) for total P and 2.9 kg ha(-1) for total N. Runoff sediment and particulate N and P concentrations were well related to each other and tended to be greater in rainfall-induced runoff than snowmelt runoff. Conversely, dissolved N and P runoff concentrations were greater in snowmelt runoff. APLE was able to reliably predict annual P loss in runoff, estimating that the average relative contribution to total pasture P loss was about 10% from fertilizer, 15% from soil dissolved P, 30% from dung, and 45% from soil erosion. Our study has increased the ability to develop reliable models for estimating the impact of cattle grazing pastures on nutrient runoff, which will be valuable in estimating whole-farm P loss from dairy production systems and identifying areas on dairy farms where P loss remediation should be targeted. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vadas, Peter A.; Powell, J. Mark; Brink, Geoff E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Busch, Dennis L.] Univ WI, Platteville Sch Agr, Madison, WI USA. RP Vadas, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM peter.vadas@ars.usda.gov FU Wisconsin Department of Agriculture's Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative Grant program FX Funding for this project was provided in part by the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture's Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative Grant program. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 9 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 199 BP 124 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.026 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ1RK UT WOS:000348015400014 ER PT J AU Anderson, RG Tirado-Corbala, R Wang, D Ayars, JE AF Anderson, Ray G. Tirado-Corbala, Rebecca Wang, Dong Ayars, James E. TI Long-rotation sugarcane in Hawaii sustains high carbon accumulation and radiation use efficiency in 2nd year of growth SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Saccharum officinarum L.; Hawaii; Eddy covariance; Net ecosystem productivity; Radiation use efficiency; 2nd generation biofuel production ID GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; BIOMASS ACCUMULATION; SUCROSE ACCUMULATION; IRRIGATED SUGARCANE; YIELD ACCUMULATION; CANOPY DEVELOPMENT; INTERCEPTION; LIGHT; RESPIRATION; TEMPERATURE AB Sugarcane has been a major agronomic crop in Hawaii with an unique, high-yield, two-year production system. However, parameters relevant to advanced, cellulosic biofuel production, such as net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and radiation use efficiency (RUE), have not been evaluated in Hawaii under commercial production. Recent demand potential has rekindled interest in Hawaiian grown biofuels; as such, there is a need to understand productivity under changing climate and agronomic practices. To this end, we established two eddy covariance towers in commercial sugarcane fields in Maui, Hawaii to evaluate the carbon balance and RUE of sugarcane under contrasting elevations and soil types. We combined the tower observations with biometric and satellite data to assess RUE in terms of net biomass accumulation and daily gross primary production. High, sustained net NEP was found in both fields (cumulative NEP 4.23-5.37 x 10(3) g C m(-2) over the course of the measurement period). Biomass RUE was statistically similar for both fields (1.15-1.24g above ground biomass per MJ intercepted solar irradiance). Carbon accumulated in both fields at nearly the same rate with differences in cumulative biomass due to differing crop cycle lengths; cumulative gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration were higher in the lower elevation field. Contrary to previous studies in Hawaiian sugarcane, we did not see a large decrease in NEP or increase in ecosystem respiration in the 2nd year, which we attributed to suppressed decomposition of dead cane stalks and leaves due to drip irrigation and drought. Biomass RUE also showed little decline in the 2nd year. The results show that Hawaiian sugarcane has a higher productivity than sugarcane grown in other regions of the world and also suggests that a longer (>12 months) growing cycle may be optimal for biomass production. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Anderson, Ray G.; Tirado-Corbala, Rebecca; Wang, Dong; Ayars, James E.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Anderson, Ray G.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Contaminant Fate & Transport Unit, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Anderson, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM ray.anderson@ars.usda.gov OI Anderson, Ray/0000-0002-6202-5890 FU USDA - Agricultural Research Service, National Program 211: Water Availability and Watershed Management [5302-13000-011-00]; U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research FX Jim Gartung, Huihui Zhang, Adel Youkhana, Neil Abranyi, and Jason Drogowski assisted with the on-site EC tower installation and maintenance and with collecting plant and soil samples. We thank the farm's agronomic crew (Ronald Cadiz and Justin Lau) and electrical crew for logistical assistance. Matthew Gonzales, Don Tucker, Julianne Anaya, and Phyllis Ukatu provided laboratory assistance and analysis at USDA-ARS, Parlier. This research was supported by USDA - Agricultural Research Service, National Program 211: Water Availability and Watershed Management (project number 5302-13000-011-00) and by the U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 199 BP 216 EP 224 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.09.012 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ1RK UT WOS:000348015400023 ER PT J AU Bruns, HA AF Bruns, H. Arnold TI Irrigation, Seeding Rates, and Row Type Effects on Grain Sorghum in the Midsouth SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is considered more drought tolerant than most other crops and may help reduce depletion of aquifers used by agriculture for irrigation. A study at Stoneville, MS, in 2012 and 2013 examined the effects of seeding rates (98,000, 148,000, 197,600, and 248,000 kernels ha(-1)), row type (single- vs. twin-row) and furrow irrigation vs. no irrigation on yield and yield components of grain sorghum grown on a clay soil. Irrigation did not affect any of the yield components or grain yield in this experiment. Increased seeding rates did increase heads ha(-1) (154,274, 181,682, 196,580, and 225,625) but resulted in less grain per head (46.5, 40.0, 37.2, and 33.3 g) and no difference in 1000 kernel weight, thus resulting in no difference in yields. Twin-row seedings produced more heads per ha (199,340) than single-row plantings (179,740) but smaller 1000 kernel weights (26.3 vs.27.4 g) and less grain per head (37.1 vs. 41.7 g) resulting in no difference in yield between row type. Furrow irrigation, twin-row planting, and seeding rates above 98,000 kernels ha(-1) did not increase grain sorghum yields in this experiment. C1 ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, MSA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bruns, HA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, MSA, Box 350,141 Res Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM arnold.bruns@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 9 EP 12 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0297 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900002 ER PT J AU Hayden, ZD Ngouajio, M Brainard, DC AF Hayden, Zachary D. Ngouajio, Mathieu Brainard, Daniel C. TI Planting Date and Staggered Seeding of Rye-Vetch Mixtures: Biomass, Nitrogen, and Legume Winter Survival SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NATURAL N-15 ABUNDANCE; SYMBIOTIC N-2 FIXATION; COVER CROP MIXTURES; WEED SUPPRESSION; BIENNIAL LEGUMES; CEREAL RYE; KILL DATE; GRASS; SOIL; SYSTEMS AB Mixtures of cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) and the legume hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) are used to provide fixed N in balance with other important cover crop services, but late planting and interference from rye can limit vetch productivity. This 2-yr study in :Michigan investigated how fall planting dates influence rye-vetch cover crop biomass quantity and quality in the spring, and evaluated whether staggering (delaying) rye seeding could improve vetch performance (biomass production, N fixation, and winter survival) in mixtures. Treatments consisted of a two-way factorial of three vetch planting dates (late August, mid-September, and late September) and three lengths of rye seeding stagger (co-seeded, short stagger, and long stagger). Later planting of co-seeded mixtures generally led to reduced total shoot biomass and lower proportions of vetch, resulting in cover crop residues with less vetch N and a higher total C/N. For earlier planting dates, delaying rye seeding until vetch emergence (short stagger) increased vetch shoot biomass by 760 to 1060 kg ha(-1) (30-36 kg vetch N ha(-1)) relative to co-seeding. Staggered seeding provided no benefit to vetch biomass at later planting dates, and delaying rye seeding until the vetch three to four leaf stage (long stagger) reduced vetch winter survival by 12 to 42% compared with co-seeding. Additional research is needed to determine whether potential on-farm benefits of rye-vetch staggered seeding justify the additional management complexity involved and possible tradeoffs with other cover crop services. C1 [Hayden, Zachary D.; Brainard, Daniel C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ngouajio, Mathieu] Natl Inst Food & Agr, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Ngouajio, Mathieu] MSU Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Hayden, ZD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, Plant & Soil Sci Bldg,1066 Bogue St, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM haydenza@msu.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Competitive Grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA) [2012-67011-19716]; USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program [GNC09-108]; MSU AgBioResearch Project GREEEN [GR09-068]; Ceres Trust Organic Research Initiative; C. S. Mott Group for Sustainable Food Systems and the Graduate School at Michigan State University FX The authors would like to thank Drey Clark, Dr. Ajay Nair, Damen Kurzer, Rebekah Struck, and Ben Henshaw for their assistance in the field; and Drs. Alexandra Kravchenko and John Biembaum for their comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Funding to support this study came from the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Competitive Grant No. 2012-67011-19716 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA), from the USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program (project no. GNC09-108), from MSU AgBioResearch Project GREEEN (project no. GR09-068), from The Ceres Trust Organic Research Initiative, and from the C. S. Mott Group for Sustainable Food Systems and the Graduate School at Michigan State University. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 47 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0237 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900006 ER PT J AU Miller, ZJ Menalled, FD Sainju, UM Lenssen, AW Hatfield, PG AF Miller, Zach J. Menalled, Fabian D. Sainju, Upendra M. Lenssen, Andrew W. Hatfield, Patrick G. TI Integrating Sheep Grazing into Cereal-Based Crop Rotations: Spring Wheat Yields and Weed Communities SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DANDELION TARAXACUM-OFFICINALE; GRAIN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; SOIL COMPACTION; LIVESTOCK SYSTEM; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; CORN YIELD; MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE; DYNAMICS; BARLEY AB Crop diversification and integration of livestock into cropping systems may improve the economic and environmental sustainability of agricultural systems. However, few studies have examined the integration of these practices in the semiarid areas of the Northern Great Plains (NGP). A 3-yr experiment was conducted near Bozeman, MT, to compare the effects of crop rotation diversity and weed management practices imposed during fallow periods [sheep (Ovis aries) grazing, reduced tillage, and conventional tillage] on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields and weed pressure. Management treatments were applied to replicated whole plots, within which the split-plots received crop rotation treatments [continuous spring wheat (CSW) and a 3-yr rotation of annual forage, fallow, and spring wheat, where each phase was present in each year]. In the initial 2 yr, the realized rotational treatments were wheat fallow and CSW. In the final year, wheat was grown following all phases of the diversified rotation. Yields were similar among management treatments within the wheat fallow and CSW rotations. Weed pressure was generally low but perennial weeds were more abundant in grazing-managed, wheat fallow systems. The integration of livestock into the annual hay crop fallow spring wheat rotation was associated with a nearly 30-fold increase in weed pressure and a yield reduction of 51.2% compared to conventional management. The results suggest that although targeted sheep grazing is a viable alternative to conventional fallow management in CSW and wheat fallow rotations, successful integration of livestock in diversified cropping systems requires more effective weed management practices. C1 [Miller, Zach J.; Menalled, Fabian D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Sainju, Upendra M.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Lenssen, Andrew W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hatfield, Patrick G.] Montana State Univ, Dept Anim Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Miller, ZJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM zachariah.miller@montana.edu FU USDA-CSREES Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program [2009-03162] FX This research was supported by Grant no. 2009-03162 from USDA-CSREES Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program. The authors acknowledge the assistance provided by graduate and undergraduate students in data collection and Dr. H. Goosey for management of the field site and students. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0086 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900013 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA White, JW Ottman, MJ Wall, GW Bernacchi, CJ Morgan, J Smith, DP AF Kimball, B. A. White, J. W. Ottman, M. J. Wall, G. W. Bernacchi, C. J. Morgan, J. Smith, D. P. TI Predicting Canopy Temperatures and Infrared Heater Energy Requirements for Warming Field Plots SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SPRING WHEAT; THERMAL-RADIATION; SOWING DATES; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; BALANCE; MODEL; EVAPORATION AB Warming open-field plots using arrays of infrared heaters has proven feasible for conducting experiments to determine the likely effects of global warming on various ecosystems. To date, however, such experiments have been done for only a few degrees (<= 3.5 degrees C) of warming, yet climate projections, especially for high latitudes, indicate that future warming may be 10 degrees C or more, Therefore, there is a need to conduct such experiments with more heating, which increases expense. To estimate energy requirements and costs for such temperature free-air controlled enhancement (T-FACE) experiments, improved theory was developed whereby: (i) the canopy temperature of an unheated plot is computed using the well-accepted Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, with some constraints to calculate aerodynamic resistance; (ii) the desired amount of warming is added; and (iii) the energy balance is re-solved to obtain the additional infrared radiation needed from the heaters to attain the desired temperature of the heated plots. Performance data are presented from T-FACE experiments with 3-m-diameter plots conducted over six wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops and for 1-wk periods over soybean I Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and northern mixed-grass prairie. The T-FACE system over wheat provided warming temperatures for day and night that were within 0.1 degrees C of the desired setpoint differences. The measured or predicted energy requirements of the T-FACE system for raising the wheat canopy temperatures averaged about 7.0 kWh m(-2) d(-1). Predictions of canopy temperatures and infrared heating requirements agreed with measurements most of the time for wheat, soybean, and prairie. C1 [Kimball, B. A.; White, J. W.; Wall, G. W.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Ottman, M. J.] Univ Arizona, Plant Sci Dept, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Bernacchi, C. J.] ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Morgan, J.; Smith, D. P.] ARS, Crops Res Lab, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM Bruce.Kimball@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; University of Arizona FX This research was supported by the USDA-ARS and the University of Arizona. We acknowledge the helpful cooperation of Dr. Robert Roth and his staff at the University, of Arizona, Maricopa Agricultural Center, Maricopa, AZ. Technical assistance by Charles Blackshear, Matthew Conley, Steven Farnsworth, Justin Laughridge, Laura Olivieri, and Zahra Troeh is appreciated. Trade names and company names are included for the benefit of the reader and do not imply any endorsement or preferential treatment of the product by the authors, the USDA, or the University of Arizona. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 27 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 129 EP 141 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0109 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900016 ER PT J AU Kimura, E Collins, HP Fransen, S AF Kimura, E. Collins, H. P. Fransen, S. TI Biomass Production and Nutrient Removal by Switchgrass under Irrigation SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; YIELD; HARVEST; SYSTEMS; PHOSPHORUS; MANAGEMENT; BIOFUEL AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) was identified to supply a major portion of U.S. energy needs when used as a fuel. Assessments of the export of essential plant nutrients are needed to determine impacts on soil fertility that will influence fertilizer recommendations since the nutrients contained in the aboveground biomass will be removed from the field when processed as a bioenergy feedstock. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of N fertilization rates (112 and 224 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) on the biomass production, nutrient removal, and nutrient concentration of switchgrass grown under irrigation in the lower Columbia Basin of the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Aboveground biomass yields averaged over 5 yr of 23.0, 19.9, and 17.7 Mg dry matter (DIM) ha(-1) yr(-1) for Kanlow, Shawnee, and Cave in Rock, respectively. Kanlow cultivar increased biomass yield at the 224 kg N ha(-1) rate compared to two upland cultivars. The annual removal of macronutrients from the field averaged 237 kg N ha(-1), 37 kg P ha(-1), 326 kg K ha(-1), 15 kg S ha(-1), 68 kg Ca ha(-1), and 43 kg Mg ha(-1) among cultivars. Switchgrass produced 93 kg of biomass per 1 kg of N. Micronutrients removed at harvest averaged <1 kg ha(-1), while re removal was 3.4 kg ha(-1). Increased yields and enhanced uptake of essential nutrients especially after reaching stand maturity in the third year resulted in high nutrient removal with the biomass harvest. C1 [Kimura, E.; Fransen, S.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Collins, H. P.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Collins, HP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM hal.collins@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service under the GRACEnet Project; BioAg Project; USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Carbon Sequestration and Sustainable Bioenergy Production program [2011-67009-300001] FX This publication is based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service under the GRACEnet Project and in part from grants from the BioAg Project managed by the Center of Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources at Washington State University, Puyallup, WA, and grant from the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Carbon Sequestration and Sustainable Bioenergy Production program (2011-67009-300001). The authors wish to thank M. Seymour (USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, Prosser, WA) and T. Cline (Washington State University, IAREC, Prosser, WA) or field assistance, R. Cochran and M. Silva (USDA-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, Prosser, WA) for sample processing and laboratory analyses. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0259 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900025 ER PT J AU Lehrsch, GA Brown, B Lentz, RD Johnson-Maynard, JL Leytem, AB AF Lehrsch, G. A. Brown, B. Lentz, R. D. Johnson-Maynard, J. L. Leytem, A. B. TI Sugarbeet Yield and Quality When Substituting Compost or Manure for Conventional Nitrogen Fertilizer SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CATTLE FEEDLOT MANURE; SOIL PROPERTIES; FURROW IRRIGATION; CORN PRODUCTION; ORGANIC-MATTER; WATER-QUALITY; DAIRY-CATTLE; PHOSPHORUS; NUTRIENT; RESISTANCE AB To grow sugarbeet (Beta twig-arts L.) profitably, producers must effectively manage added N, whether from inorganic or organic sources. Our objective was to determine if equivalent sugarbeet root and sucrose yields could be achieved when substituting dairy cattle (Bus spp.) manure, either composted or stockpiled, for conventional N (urea) fertilizer. First-year treatments at Site A (Parma, ID) included a control (no N), urea (202 kg N ha(-1)), compost (218 and 435 kg estimated available N ha(-1)), and manure (140 and 280 kg available N ha-1). Site 13 (Kimberly, ID) treatments were a control, urea (82 kg N ha(-1)), compost (81 and 183 kg available N ha(-1) and manure (173 and 340 kg available N ha(-1)). Compost and manure were incorporated into two silt loams, a Greenleaf (fine-silty, mixed super-active mesic Xeric Calciargid) at Parma in fall 2002 and 2003 and a Portneuf (coarse-silty, mixed superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid) at Kimberly in fall 2002. Sugarbeet was planted the following spring. Sucrose yield averaged across years and organic N rates at Site A was 12.24 Mg ha(-1) for urea, 11.88 Mg ha(-1) for compost, and 11.20 Mg ha(-1) for manure, all statistically equivalent. Doubling the organic N rates at Site A increased the yield of roots up to 26% and sucrose up to 21%. Applying organic amendments in place of urea affected neither root nor sucrose yields but, at one location, decreased sugarbeet quality, though without hindering sucrose recovery. Sugarbeet producers can use compost or manure to satisfy crop N needs without sacrificing sucrose yield. C1 [Lehrsch, G. A.; Lentz, R. D.; Leytem, A. B.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Brown, B.] Univ Idaho, Parma Res & Extens Ctr, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Johnson-Maynard, J. L.] Univ Idaho, PSES Agr Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Lehrsch, GA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM Gary.Lehrsch@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 221 EP 231 DI 10.2134/agronj13.0462 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900027 ER PT J AU Mourtzinis, S Arriaga, F Balkcom, KS Price, AJ AF Mourtzinis, Spyridon Arriaga, Francisco Balkcom, Kipling S. Price, Andrew J. TI Vertical Distribution of Corn Biomass as Influenced by Cover Crop and Stover Harvest SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL; MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN; TILLAGE; RESIDUE; RYE; MOISTURE; REMOVAL; MATTER; USA AB Corn (Zea mays L.) production for grain is important given its many uses for human food, animal feed, and other industrial products. Additionally, the abundance and potentially large biomass yield makes corn an attractive bioenergy feedstock. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of in-season weather conditions, rye (Secale cereale L.) as a winter cover crop, and corn residue harvest on grain yield and biomass distribution across two soil types. Grain, as well as, total and partial stover yields (below the ear, above the ear excluding cobs, cobs alone, and above the ear including top and cobs) were measured from 2009 to 2011 at two sites with different soil types: loamy sand and silt loam, in central and northern Alabama, respectively. Significant differences in grain and biomass yields were observed among individual years and locations. Grain yields were positively correlated with seasonal cumulative precipitation and negatively with seasonal average temperature at both locations. In central Alabama, the 3-yr use of a rye cover crop increased corn biomass yields compared to rye removal while there was no difference compared to plots without a rye cover crop. The 3-yr corn residue management effect was not significant at any location. Based on this study, harvesting the above-ear corn plant fraction could be an attractive option for partial biomass harvesting in southeastern United States. C1 [Mourtzinis, Spyridon] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Arriaga, Francisco] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Balkcom, Kipling S.; Price, Andrew J.] ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Res Lab, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Mourtzinis, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mourtzinis@wisc.edu NR 26 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 232 EP 240 DI 10.2131/agronj14.0166 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900028 ER PT J AU Sabatier, R Oates, LG Brink, GE Bleier, J Jackson, RD AF Sabatier, R. Oates, L. G. Brink, G. E. Bleier, J. Jackson, R. D. TI Grazing in an Uncertain Environment: Modeling the Trade-Off between Production and Robustness SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WISCONSIN-GRAZIERS; PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; GROWTH; SUSTAINABILITY; GRASSLANDS; RANGELANDS AB Concern with the environmental, economic, and social impacts of the post-WWII model of agricultural intensification has led to renewed interest in grazing as a feeding strategy for temperate livestock farming systems. Putting grass back at the core of livestock feeding not only requires technical knowledge but also reconsideration of the importance of uncertainty in management choices. We developed a simple stochastic model of grassland dynamics to quantify both robustness and production of alternative management strategies under continuous grazing and management-intensive rotational grazing. The model was calibrated on data from cool-season grasslands in south-central Wisconsin. We defined robustness as the probability that a given management strategy did not lead to overgrazing, while the production indicator was number of livestock unit days per hectare enabled by the grazing strategy. Robustness was strongly dependent on the timing and intensity of grazing, and the highest levels of production were incompatible with a high value of robustness. Beyond a certain threshold of production, we observed a trade-off between robustness and production, where robustness decreased regularly until the maximum possible production. This trade-off did not significantly differ between continuous grazing and rotational grazing. We identified key management practices that led to both high production and high robustness, but to attain these results will require not only acquisition of new technical knowledge but also a change in the way the system is managed: from controlling environmental variability with external inputs to understanding and managing stochastic systems in a way that reduces negative externalities while increasing production efficiencies, C1 [Sabatier, R.] AgroparisTech, INRA UMR SADAPT 1048, F-75005 Paris, France. [Oates, L. G.; Jackson, R. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Brink, G. E.; Bleier, J.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sabatier, R (reprint author), AgroparisTech, INRA UMR SADAPT 1048, 16 Rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France. EM rodolphe.sabatier@agroparistech.fr OI Oates, Lawrence/0000-0003-4829-7600 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 257 EP 264 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0357 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900031 ER PT J AU Huang, LH Liang, ZW Suarez, DL Wang, ZC Ma, HY Wang, MM Yang, HY Liu, M AF Huang, Lihua Liang, Zhengwei Suarez, Donald L. Wang, Zhichun Ma, Hongyuan Wang, Mingming Yang, Haoyu Liu, Miao TI Continuous Nitrogen Application Differentially Affects Growth, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Leymus chinensis in Two Saline-Sodic Soils of Northeastern China SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INNER-MONGOLIA GRASSLAND; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; NACL SALINITY; FERTILIZATION; STRESS; WHEAT; PLANTS; COTTON; PRODUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE AB Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. (Poaceae) is a dominant plant in the western Songnen Plain of northeastern China. Soil salinization, N deficiency, and current management practices have resulted in grassland degradation in the region. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of N application on L. chinensis. A 3-yr field experiment was conducted in two nearby fields at the Da'an Sodic Land Experiment Station (DASLES) from 2009 to 2011. Both fields were classified as moderate saline-sodic grassland (MSSL) and severe saline-sodic grassland (SSSL), respectively. Nitrogen application rates were 0 (no fertilizer as control), 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 kg N ha(-1). Nitrogen application improved herbage yield from 2.0 t ha(-1) without N to more than 107 t ha(-1) with 180 kg ha(-1) N in MSSL, and from 1.0 t ha(-1) without N to 4.9 t ha(-1) with 180 kg ha(-1) N in SSSL, herbage yields increased 5.4 and 4.9 times in MSSL and SSSL, respectively. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) was generally higher in NISSL than that in SSSL, the highest values of average NUL were the treatments with 120 kg N ha(-1) in MSSL and 150 kg N ha(-1) in SSSL based on the results of regression analysis. Our overall results support N applications of 90 to 120 kg N ha(-1) in MSSL and 120 to 150 kg N ha(-1) in SSSL. Nitrogen application can improve L. chinensis yield, and prevent grassland degradation in the region. C1 [Huang, Lihua; Liang, Zhengwei; Wang, Zhichun; Ma, Hongyuan; Wang, Mingming; Yang, Haoyu; Liu, Miao] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecl, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China. [Huang, Lihua; Liang, Zhengwei; Wang, Zhichun; Ma, Hongyuan; Wang, Mingming; Yang, Haoyu; Liu, Miao] Chinese Acad Sci, Sod Land Expt Stn, Daan 131317, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Suarez, Donald L.] ARS, USDA, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Liang, ZW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecl, 4888 Shengbei St, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China. EM liangzw@iga.ac.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-XB3-16-02]; National Key Basic Research Program of China [2015CB150803]; foundation of Innovation team International Partner Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-TZ-07-08] FX We thank Dr. Xuan Liu for revising this paper and giving many constructive suggestions. This work was supported by the Project of Western Action Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-XB3-16-02) and National Key Basic Research Program of China(No. 2015CB150803)and the foundation of Innovation team International Partner Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZZD-EW-TZ-07-08). NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0250 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900037 ER PT J AU Leon, RG Gilbert, RA Comstock, JC AF Leon, Ramon G. Gilbert, Robert A. Comstock, Jack C. TI Energycane (Saccharum spp. X Saccharum spontaneum L.) biomass Production, Reproduction, and Weed Risk Assessment Scoring in the Humid Tropics and Subtropics SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POLLEN VIABILITY; SUGARCANE; MISCANTHUS; BIOFUELS; CLIMATE; YIELD; MANAGEMENT; BIOENERGY; GRASSES AB There is growing interest in biofuel production, and energycane (Saccharum spp. x S. spontaneum L.) has been proposed as an important biofuel and biomass crop. However, little is known about the growth and ecology of this new crop, especially in the tropics. The present study evaluated the performance of 14 energycane clones, elephantgrass (Penniseium purpureum Schumach.), and two sugarcane (S. officinarum L.) varieties in the humid tropics of Costa Rica, and eight energycane clones in the subtropics of Florida. In the tropics, energycane's growth and biomass production were highly variable when comparing clones. However, the best performing clones US85-1006, US88-1006, and US78-1014 produced almost twice the dry biomass (>64 Mg ha(-1)) compared with sugarcane varieties Pindar and Q-132 (21-39 Mg ha(-1)). In the subtropics, energycane fresh (52-79 Mg ha(-1)) and dry (20-30 Mg ha(-1)) weights were less than half of those in the tropics. Fnergycane clones flowered in both environments, but pollen viability was three to four times higher (>40%) in the tropics than in the subtropics, although viable seeds were found only in the tropics. Weed risk assessment (WRA) scores were higher in the tropics than in the subtropics and varied among clones. The results confirmed that energycane is a promising feedstock for biomass production and could play an important role as a biocnergy crop when grown in the tropics and subtropics, but due to genotype x environment interactions, the tradeoff between biomass production and weedy and invasive risk must be assessed for each individual clone and environment. C1 [Leon, Ramon G.] Univ Florida, West Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Jay, FL 32565 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Comstock, Jack C.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. RP Leon, RG (reprint author), Univ Florida, West Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Jay, FL 32565 USA. EM rglg@ufl.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG36-08GO88044] FX We thank Roberto Duran and Marco Chaves from Direccion de Investigacion y Extension de la Cana de Azucar, LAICA, Costa Rica, and EARTH University students Yolanda Blandon, Marcela Gonzalez, Jorling Espinoza, Blanca Lugo, Neeta Soni, Pablo Tunon, and Timothy Ayankojo for technical support. This project was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-FG36-08GO88044. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 323 EP 329 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0388 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900038 ER PT J AU Venterea, RT Coulter, JA AF Venterea, Rodney T. Coulter, Jeffrey A. TI Split Application of Urea Does Not Decrease and May Increase Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Rainfed Corn SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; N2O EMISSIONS; FERTILIZER NITROGEN; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; NITRATE LOSS; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE; YIELD; METAANALYSIS AB Modification of N fertilizer application timing within the growing season has the potential to reduce soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions but limited data are available to assess its effects. We compared cumulative growing season nitrous oxide emissions (cN(2)O) following urea applied to corn (Zea mays L.) in a single application (SA) at planting or in three split applications (SpA) over the growing season. For both SA and SpA, granular urea was broadcast and incorporated at six fertilizer N rates in the corn phase of a corn-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation and in a continuous corn system over two growing seasons. Daily N2O flux was measured using chambers on 35 dates in 2012 and 40 dates in 2013 and soil nitrate-N concentration was measured weekly. Split application did not affect grain yield and did not reduce cN(2)O. Across N rates and rotations, cN(2)O was 55% greater with SpA compared with SA in 2012. Increased cN(2)O with SpA in 2012 likely resulted from a prolonged dry period before the second split application followed by large rainfall events following the third split application. Across years and rotations, SpA increased cN(2)O by 57% compared with SA when the maximum N rate was applied. Exponential relationships between cN(2)O and fertilizer N rate explained 62 to 74% of the variance in area-based cN(2)O and 54% of the variance in yield-based cN(2)O. Applying urea to coincide with periods of high crop N demand does not necessarily reduce and may increase N2O emissions. C1 [Venterea, Rodney T.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venterea, Rodney T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Coulter, Jeffrey A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Venterea, RT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM venterea@umn.edu RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009 FU Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council; Agricultural Research Service of the USDA FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of M. Dolan, N. Severson, D. Olson, G. Holz and J. Lamb. This work was supported by a grant from the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council and the Agricultural Research Service of the USDA. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 26 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 107 IS 1 BP 337 EP 348 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0411 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AZ2FL UT WOS:000348049900040 ER PT J AU Zhang, JX Guan, SH Sun, JH Liu, T Chen, P Feng, RH Chen, X Wu, WY Yang, M Guo, DA AF Zhang, Jingxian Guan, Shuhong Sun, Jianghao Liu, Tian Chen, Pei Feng, Ruihong Chen, Xin Wu, Wanying Yang, Min Guo, De-an TI Characterization and profiling of phenolic amides from Cortex Lycii by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Phenolic amide; Cortex Lycii; UHPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap; Structural characterization ID ACID-AMIDES; ROOT BARK; LIGNANAMIDES; CHINENSE; CONSTITUENTS; PLANTS; ALKALOIDS; PEPTIDES; TUBERS; STEMS AB Cortex Lycii, the root bark of Lycium chinense Mill. or Lycium barbarum L., is a frequently used traditional Chinese medicine. Phytochemical studies have shown that phenolic amides are not only characteristic compounds but also abundant ones in this plant. In the present study, an effective method was developed for structural characterization of phenolic amides from Cortex Lycii by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. The fragmentation of 14 compounds including six cinnamic acid amides, six neolignanamides, and two lignanamides were studied systematically for the first time. It was found that, in the positive ion mode, neutral loss of the tyramide moiety (137 Da) or N-(4-aminobutyl)acetamide moiety (130 Da) were characteristic for these compounds. At least 54 phenolic amides were detected in the extract and 48 of them were characterized, among which 14 known compounds were identified unambiguously by comparing the retention time and mass spectra with those of reference compounds, and 34 components were tentatively identified based on the fragmentation patterns, exact mass, UV spectra, as well as retention time. Fifteen compounds were characterized as potential new ones. Additionally, the developed method was applied to analyze eight batches of samples collected from the northwest of China, and it was found that cinnamic acid amides were the main type of phenolic amides in Cortex Lycii. In conclusion, the identification of these chemicals provided essential data for further phytochemical studies, metabolites identification, and the quality control of Cortex Lycii. C1 [Zhang, Jingxian; Guan, Shuhong; Feng, Ruihong; Chen, Xin; Wu, Wanying; Yang, Min; Guo, De-an] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Mat Med, Natl Engn Lab TCM Standardizat Technol, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. [Sun, Jianghao; Chen, Pei] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Tian] ThermoFisher Sci China Co Ltd, Shanghai 201206, Peoples R China. RP Yang, M (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Mat Med, Natl Engn Lab TCM Standardizat Technol, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. EM ymn77@163.com; daguo@simm.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [81373965]; Twelfth Five-Year National Science & Technology Support Program [2012BAI29B06]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-YWR-166]; National Science & Technology Major Project "Key New Drug Creation and Manufacturing program" of the People's Republic of China [2011ZX09307-002-03] FX This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81373965), Twelfth Five-Year National Science & Technology Support Program (Number 2012BAI29B06), Major Projects of Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Number KSCX2-YWR-166) and the National Science & Technology Major Project "Key New Drug Creation and Manufacturing program" (Number 2011ZX09307-002-03) of the People's Republic of China. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 46 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 407 IS 2 BP 581 EP 595 DI 10.1007/s00216-014-8296-4 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AZ4QK UT WOS:000348207200022 PM 25377778 ER PT J AU Schantz, MC Sheley, RL James, JJ AF Schantz, Merilynn C. Sheley, Roger L. James, Jeremy J. TI Role of propagule pressure and priority effects on seedlings during invasion and restoration of shrub-steppe SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Dispersal; Propagule pressure; Priority effects; Invasion; Assembly; Water ID ANNUAL PLANT COMMUNITY; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GERMINATION RESPONSE; SEED DISPERSAL; SAFE SITE; GRASSLAND; RECRUITMENT; POPULATIONS; CALIFORNIA; NITROGEN AB Plant invasion and restoration outcomes are largely driven by the timing and magnitude of seed dispersal, and by the performance of dispersed species in an environment. Because seed dispersal controls recruitment of newly arriving species and facilitates safe site occupation, assembly will differ depending on seed dispersal processes and variable environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to identify how annual and perennial grasses assembled when dispersal times, propagule pressure, and water availability were modified. To assess these effects, we conducted a field experiment in an annual grass invaded shrub-steppe ecosystem in eastern Oregon. We tested the effects of seeding annual and perennial grasses in autumn or delaying annual grass seeding until spring, adding water, and varying annual and perennial grass seeding rate by 150, 1,500, 2,500, or 3,500 seeds m(-2) on perennial and annual grass seedling emergence through time and final density and biomass. Providing perennial grasses a priority effect by delaying annual grass seeding until spring initially facilitated perennial grass establishment, but this effect did not persist into the second growing season. We found that if annual grass propagule pressure exceeded 150 seeds m(-2), perennial grass recruitment was limited. In addition, higher water availability increased perennial grass establishment, but was dependent upon annual grass propagule pressure. These findings suggest that seeding perennial grasses into annual grass dominated systems is more dependent upon the existing propagule pressure of annual grasses than the priority effects of perennial grasses, the propagule pressure of perennial grasses, or water availability. C1 [Schantz, Merilynn C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sheley, Roger L.] ARS, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [James, Jeremy J.] Univ Calif, Sierra Foothills Res & Extens Ctr, Div Agr & Nat Resources, Browns Valley, CA 95918 USA. RP Schantz, MC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM hirschm@onid.orst.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Ecologically Based Invasive Plant Management research project FX We thank Brett Bingham and Anna Masterson for their extensive field and laboratory assistance. We are grateful to Dr. Michael Borman, Dr. Paul Doescher, and any anonymous reviewers for their comments. We are also greatly appreciative for the advice and assistance from Lori, Lacey, Jessica, D. J., Jarod, and Katie. This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Ecologically Based Invasive Plant Management research project. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 BP 73 EP 85 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0705-2 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY4CW UT WOS:000347526800011 ER PT J AU Bateman, HL Merritt, DM Glenn, EP Nagler, PL AF Bateman, H. L. Merritt, D. M. Glenn, E. P. Nagler, P. L. TI Indirect effects of biocontrol of an invasive riparian plant (Tamarix) alters habitat and reduces herpetofauna abundance SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Lizard; Reptile; Remote-sensing; Riparian; Vegetation index; Weed biocontrol ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; BEETLES DIORHABDA-CARINULATA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SPP. BIOCONTROL; COLORADO RIVER; RESTORATION; LIZARDS; WATER; CHRYSOMELIDAE; COMMUNITIES AB The biological control agent (tamarisk leaf beetle, Diorhabda spp.) is actively being used to defoliate exotic saltcedar or tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) in riparian ecosystems in western USA. The Virgin River in Arizona and Nevada is a system where tamarisk leaf beetle populations are spreading. Saltcedar biocontrol, like other control methods, has the potential to affect non-target species. Because amphibians and reptiles respond to vegetation changes in habitat and forage in areas where beetles are active, herpetofauna are model taxa to investigate potential impacts of biocontrol defoliation. Our objectives related herpetofauna abundance to vegetation cover and indices (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI; enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and timing of biocontrol defoliation. We captured herpetofauna and ground-dwelling arthropods in trap arrays and measured vegetation using remotely sensed images and on-the-ground measurements at 16-21 sites 2 years before (2009-2010) and 2 years following (2011-2012) biocontrol defoliation. Following defoliation, riparian stands (including stands mixed with native and exotic trees and stands of monotypic exotic saltcedar) had significantly lower NDVI and EVI values and fewer captures of marked lizards. Total captures of herpetofauna (toads, lizards, and snakes) were related to higher vegetation cover and sites with a lower proportion of saltcedar. Our results suggest that effects of biocontrol defoliation are likely to be site-specific and depend upon the proportion of native riparian trees established prior to biocontrol introduction and defoliation. The mechanisms by which habitat structure, microclimate, and ultimately vertebrate species are affected by exotic plant biocontrol riparian areas should be a focus of natural-resource managers. C1 [Bateman, H. L.] Arizona State Univ, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA. [Merritt, D. M.] US Forest Serv, Watershed Fish Wildlife Air & Rare Plants Staff, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Glenn, E. P.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. [Nagler, P. L.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Bateman, HL (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Polytech Campus,7231 Sonoran Arroya Mall, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA. EM hbatema1@asu.edu FU Department of Applied Sciences and Mathematics at Arizona State University FX We thank the Bureau of Land Management in Nevada and Arizona for permitting access to study sites. We thank Aaron Switalski, Michael Bonacci, Rachel Olzer, Nick Vandehei, Rachael Cernetic, Danny Nielsen, Steven Anderson, Michael Cleaver, Paul Maier, Jean Galang, and William Bubnis for field assistance. We thank Tom Dudley and Michael Kuehn for logistical support. We thank Melanie Banville for help with R code. Permits were issued by the Arizona Game and Fish Department, Nevada Department of Wildlife, and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Funding for H.L.B. has come from the Department of Applied Sciences and Mathematics at Arizona State University. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 74 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0707-0 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY4CW UT WOS:000347526800012 ER PT J AU Berec, L Kean, JM Epanchin-Niell, R Liebhold, AM Haight, RG AF Berec, Ludek Kean, John M. Epanchin-Niell, Rebecca Liebhold, Andrew M. Haight, Robert G. TI Designing efficient surveys: spatial arrangement of sample points for detection of invasive species SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Biosecurity; Early pest detection; Eradication; Invasion; Spatial sampling; Spatial trap arrangement; Surveillance ID GYPSY-MOTH; MANAGEMENT; SURVEILLANCE; ERADICATION; STRATEGIES; ECOLOGY; PATTERN; SEARCH; GROWTH; PLANT AB Effective surveillance is critical to managing biological invasions via early detection and eradication. The efficiency of surveillance systems may be affected by the spatial arrangement of sample locations. We investigate how the spatial arrangement of sample points, ranging from random to fixed grid arrangements, affects the probability of detecting a target population (survey sensitivity) and the overall cost of detecting and eradicating populations invading over time. For single period surveys, regular sampling patterns outperform the equivalent number of random samples at intermediate sample densities, but only when sample sensitivity is high. Otherwise, sample point arrangement has little effect on survey sensitivity, which can be modelled reasonably accurately using a Poisson approximation. For multiple period surveys, we find little difference in the costs of sample point arrangements for most combinations of parameters tested. However, the costs of different arrangements vary when sampling methods have higher sensitivity and trap densities are low, a situation representative of many real surveillance programs. In particular, our results suggest that dynamic trapping arrangements increase the efficiency of detection when traps are sparse relative to the size of target populations. Also, for the scenarios we considered managers may exercise some freedom in allocating sample point locations. Placing individual traps or samples in perceived higher probability sites at the local scale is unlikely to diminish the probability of detection at the broader scale. C1 [Berec, Ludek] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Entomol, Dept Biosystemat & Ecol, Ctr Biol, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Kean, John M.] Ruakura Res Ctr, AgRes, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand. [Kean, John M.] Better Border Biosecur, B3, B3nz Org, Auckland, New Zealand. [Epanchin-Niell, Rebecca] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Haight, Robert G.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Berec, L (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Entomol, Dept Biosystemat & Ecol, Ctr Biol, Branisovska 31, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. EM berec@entu.cas.cz; john.kean@agresearch.co.nz; epanchin-niell@rff.org; aliebhold@fs.fed.us; rhaight@fs.fed.us RI Berec, Ludek/G-7253-2014 OI Berec, Ludek/0000-0002-2419-3324 FU NCEAS - National Science Foundation [DEB-0553768]; University of California-Santa Barbara; State of California; U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station; U.S. Forest Service Southern Threat Assessment Center FX We would like to thank J. Blackwood, A. Hastings, D. Herms, D. McCullough, M. Suckling, P. Tobin and T. Yamanaka for helpful discussions. This work is the product of a National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) Working Group supported by the U.S. Forest Service Southern Threat Assessment Center and NCEAS, which is funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant DEB-0553768), the University of California-Santa Barbara, and the State of California. LB and JMK are grateful for institutional support RVO: 60077344 and New Zealand's Better Border Biosecurity program (www.b3nz.org), respectively. RGH and AML acknowledge the support of the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 BP 445 EP 459 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0742-x PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY4CW UT WOS:000347526800039 ER PT J AU Brabec, DL Pearson, TC Maghirang, EB Flinn, PW AF Brabec, Daniel L. Pearson, Thomas C. Maghirang, Elizabeth B. Flinn, Paul W. TI Detection of Fragments from Internal Insects in Wheat Samples Using a Laboratory Entoleter SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS; INFESTATION; FLOUR; COLEOPTERA; KERNELS AB A simple, rapid method that uses a small mechanical rotary device (entoleter) was developed for estimating insect fragment counts in flour caused by hidden, internal-feeding insects in whole grains of hard red winter and soft red winter wheat. Known counts of preemergent adults, pupae, and larvae of lesser grain borers and rice weevils were blended with 500 g samples of uninfested wheat. The entoleter impeller speed was adjusted based on grain hardness and moisture content to obtain about approximate to 98% intact and approximate to 2-2.5% broken kernels in an uninfested sample. The entoleter flung the wheat kernels against a surrounding steel ring. Approximately 70-90% of the insect-infested kernels, being weaker, released internal insect pieces upon impact. The broken kernels were sieved with number 10 and number 20 sieves to obtain large-sieved and small-sieved fractions, respectively. Insect pieces in sieved fractions were counted. The insect piece counts were correlated with the estimated flour fragments (R-2 = 0.94). The entoleter method can distinguish samples of grain containing 0, 25, or 75 fragments in 50 g of flour, with greater than 95% confidence. The method can be performed in approximately 5 min per 500 g sample and could potentially be a cost-effective method that grain handlers can use to inspect wheat loads for detecting insect damage and estimating insect fragments in flour. C1 [Brabec, Daniel L.; Pearson, Thomas C.; Maghirang, Elizabeth B.; Flinn, Paul W.] USDA ARS Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Brabec, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM daniel.brabec@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 92 IS 1 BP 8 EP 13 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-08-13-0173-R PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AZ5DF UT WOS:000348239600002 ER PT J AU Logsdon, SD Malone, RW AF Logsdon, S. D. Malone, R. W. TI Surface Compost Effect on Hydrology: In-Situ and Soil Cores SO COMPOST SCIENCE & UTILIZATION LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; EROSION CONTROL; WASTE COMPOST; ESTABLISHMENT; RESTORATION; AMENDMENT; TURF AB Compost increases water-holding capacity and total porosity. Improved soil structure may increase volume of macropores, allowing better drainage, air-exchange, and root growth. The purpose of this study was to compare water retention curves and hydraulic conductivity for packed columns with and without additions of surface compost. Columns packed with subsoil (around 60 cm long) had either compost or topsoil added to the surface. Tensiometers and hydra probes monitored soil pressure head and water content during three wetting and evaporation cycles. The columns with compost had significantly smaller bulk density at the surface than columns with topsoil (0.87 versus 1.34 g cm(-3)). Surface compost amendment resulted in more water when satiated (0.617 versus 0.422 m(3) m(-3)) and at -100 cm head (0.377 versus 0.276 m(3) m(-3)) than for topsoil at the surface, indicating a greater fraction of larger pores for the compost amended. Whole column infiltration rate was significantly faster for columns with compost than without (1.46 versus 1.11 cm min(-1)); however, saturated hydraulic conductivity (rate water flows through soil) on soil cores was not significantly affected by compost. Subsoil water flow and drainage was not significantly affected by surface compost. For the subsoil, in-situ column drying was significantly drier than core drainage at the wet end. There were no significant differences in whole column or surface water retention or evaporation rate. Perhaps the trend towards better water-holding capacity in the compost treatment was offset by larger pores and faster drainage, resulting in no significant difference between compost and topsoil. C1 [Logsdon, S. D.; Malone, R. W.] USDA ARS, NLAE, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Logsdon, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, NLAE, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM sally.logsdon@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1065-657X EI 2326-2397 J9 COMPOST SCI UTIL JI Compost Sci. Util. PY 2015 VL 23 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1080/1065657X.2014.949909 PG 7 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA AY4IL UT WOS:000347541300004 ER PT J AU Fenn, ME Bytnerowicz, A Schilling, SL Ross, CS AF Fenn, M. E. Bytnerowicz, A. Schilling, S. L. Ross, C. S. TI Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen, sulfur and base cations in jack pine stands in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region, Alberta, Canada SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Boreal forests; Fossil fuel extraction; Fire emissions; Atmospheric deposition gradient; Ion exchange resin samplers ID PASSIVE SAMPLING SYSTEM; AMBIENT NITRIC-ACID; DRY DEPOSITION; EPIPHYTIC LICHENS; AIR-POLLUTION; NORTH-AMERICA; SOIL ACIDIFICATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; REACTIVE NITROGEN; CRITICAL LOADS AB Atmospheric deposition in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region decreased exponentially with distance from the industrial center. Throughfall deposition (kg ha(-1) yr(-1)) of NH4-N (.8-14.7) was double that of NO3-N (.3-6.7), while SO4-S ranged from 2.5 to 23.7. Gaseous pollutants (NO2, HNO3, NH3, SO2) are important drivers of atmospheric deposition but weak correlations between gaseous pollutants and deposition suggest that particulate deposition is also important. The deposition (eq ha(-1)) of base cations (Ca + Mg + Na) across the sampling network was highly similar to N + S deposition, suggesting that acidic deposition is neutralized by base cation deposition and that eutrophication impacts from excess N may be of greater concern than acidification. Emissions from a large forest fire in summer 2011 were most prominently reflected in increased concentrations of HNO3 and throughfall deposition of SO4-S at some sites. Deposition of NO3-N also increased as did NH4-N deposition to a lesser degree. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fenn, M. E.; Bytnerowicz, A.; Schilling, S. L.; Ross, C. S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Fenn, ME (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM mfenn@fs.fed.us FU Wood Buffalo Environmental Association, Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada FX This work was funded by the Wood Buffalo Environmental Association, Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada. The authors thank Kevin Percy, Veronica Chisholm, Ted Sutton, Ken Foster, Carna MacEachern, Dorothy Brown, Natalie Bonnell, Evan Magill, Sarah Eaton, Amanda Horning, Bonnie Bartlett,Yu-Mei Hsu, Justin Straker, and Jean-Guy Zakrevsky for guidance and help with field work and logistics in carrying out this work. NR 63 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 9 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 196 BP 497 EP 510 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.08.023 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY4ZR UT WOS:000347583900061 PM 25236261 ER PT J AU Wollheim, WM Green, MB Pellerin, BA Morse, NB Hopkinson, CS AF Wollheim, W. M. Green, M. B. Pellerin, B. A. Morse, N. B. Hopkinson, C. S. TI Causes and Consequences of Ecosystem Service Regionalization in a Coastal Suburban Watershed SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Regionalization; Watersheds; Water supply; Nitrogen regulation; Sources; Historical ID LAND-USE CHANGE; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; HISTORICAL CHANGES; NORTHEASTERN USA; UNITED-STATES; MASSACHUSETTS; LANDSCAPE; CLIMATE; RETENTION AB The demand for ecosystem services and the ability of natural ecosystems to provide those services evolve over time as population, land use, and management practices change. Regionalization of ecosystem service activity, or the expansion of the area providing ecosystem services to a population, is a common response in densely populated coastal regions, with important consequences for watershed water and nitrogen (N) fluxes to the coastal zone. We link biophysical and historical information to explore the causes and consequences of change in ecosystem service activity-focusing on water provisioning and N regulation-from 1850 to 2010 in a coastal suburban watershed, the Ipswich River watershed in northeastern Massachusetts, USA. Net interbasin water transfers started in the late 1800s due to regionalization of water supply for use by larger populations living outside the Ipswich watershed boundaries, reaching a peak in the mid-1980s. Over much of the twentieth century, about 20% of river runoff was diverted from reaching the estuary, with greater proportions during drought years. Ongoing regionalization of water supply has contributed to recent declines in diversions, influenced by socioecological feedbacks resulting from the river drying and fish kills. Similarly, the N budget has been greatly perturbed since the suburban era began in the 1950s due to food and lawn fertilizer imports and human waste release. However, natural ecosystems are able to remove most of this anthropogenic N, mitigating impacts on the coastal zone. We propose a conceptual model whereby the amount and type of ecosystem services provided by coastal watersheds in urban regions expand and contract over time as regional population expands and ecosystem services are regionalized. We hypothesize that suburban watersheds can be hotspots of ecosystem service sources because they retain sufficient ecosystem function to still produce services that meet increasing demand from the local population and nearby urban centers. Historical reconstruction of ecosystem service activity provides a perspective that may help to better understand coupled human-natural system processes and lead to more sustainable management of coastal ecosystems. C1 [Wollheim, W. M.; Morse, N. B.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Wollheim, W. M.; Morse, N. B.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Green, M. B.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH USA. [Green, M. B.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. [Pellerin, B. A.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA. [Hopkinson, C. S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Wollheim, WM (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM wil.wollheim@unh.edu OI Green, Mark/0000-0002-7415-7209 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF-OCE-1058747, OCE 1238212, NSF-CHN-0709685] FX This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grants NSF-OCE-1058747 and OCE 1238212 (Plum Island LTER) and NSF-CHN-0709685. We thank Kerry Mackin for compiling the recent water use data from MA-DEP. We thank Dan Bain for the helpful discussions and comments that improved this paper. We thank Colin Polsky, Gil Pontius, and Jon Duncan for the discussions that aided in the development of this manuscript, as well as the helpful comments by Laurel Larsen and two anonymous reviewers. NR 82 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD JAN PY 2015 VL 38 SU 1 BP S19 EP S34 DI 10.1007/s12237-013-9646-8 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AZ0TE UT WOS:000347956700003 ER PT J AU Antikainen, T Rohumaa, A Hunt, CG Levirinne, M Hughes, M AF Antikainen, Toni Rohumaa, Anti Hunt, Christopher G. Levirinne, Mari Hughes, Mark TI Estimating the spread rate of urea formaldehyde adhesive on birch (Betula pendula Roth) veneer using fluorescence SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID PENETRATION; WOOD AB In plywood production, human operators find it difficult to precisely monitor the spread rate of adhesive in real-time. In this study, macroscopic fluorescence was used to estimate spread rate (SR) of urea formaldehyde adhesive on birch (Betula pendula Roth) veneer. This method could be an option when developing automated real-time SR measurement for plywood or processes. Estimation of SR was shown where adhesive was spread uniformly and also where adhesive was spread as lines. For uniform spreading, average intensity of the fluorescence image predicted the SR of adhesive well, with an R-2 of 0.97 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 13 g m(-2). For line-spread adhesive, line average intensity and width were used to estimate SR, and all these features predicted SR well. Furthermore, adhesive penetration into veneer over time could be detected from fluorescence images taken over time. C1 [Antikainen, Toni; Rohumaa, Anti; Levirinne, Mari; Hughes, Mark] Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Technol, Dept Forest Prod Technol, Aalto 00076, Finland. [Hunt, Christopher G.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Antikainen, T (reprint author), Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Technol, Dept Forest Prod Technol, POB 16400, Aalto 00076, Finland. EM toni.antikainen@aalto.fi RI Hughes, Mark/G-2249-2013; Hunt, Christopher/D-6339-2011 OI Hunt, Christopher/0000-0002-4799-7085 FU Energy Efficient Wood Processing and Machining project FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial assistance provided by the Energy Efficient Wood Processing and Machining project. This project forms part of the Multidisciplinary Institute of Digitalisation and Energy (MIDE), a research program on digitalisation and energy technology at Aalto University, that carries out important long-term projects aimed at creating high-level expertise, strengthening teaching and increasing the competitiveness of Finnish business and industry. Special thanks are also extended to Koskisen Oy (Jarvela, Finland) for providing materials for this research. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0018-3768 EI 1436-736X J9 EUR J WOOD WOOD PROD JI Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 73 IS 1 BP 69 EP 75 DI 10.1007/s00107-014-0864-y PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AY6PM UT WOS:000347688100008 ER PT J AU Golan, E Buzby, JC AF Golan, Elise Buzby, Jean C. TI Innovating to Meet the Challenge of FOOD WASTE SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Golan, Elise] USDA, Off Chief Economist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Buzby, Jean C.] ERS, Diet Safety & Hlth Econ Branch, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Golan, E (reprint author), USDA, Off Chief Economist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM egolan@oce.usda.gov; jbuzby@ers.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 69 IS 1 BP 21 EP 25 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AZ1TX UT WOS:000348021600011 ER PT J AU McHugh, T AF McHugh, Tara TI USDA's Research Labs-Past, Present, and Future SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP McHugh, T (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM tara.mchugh@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 69 IS 1 BP 68 EP 69 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AZ1TX UT WOS:000348021600022 ER PT J AU Mayfield, AE Reynolds, BC Coots, CI Havill, NP Brownie, C Tait, AR Hanula, JL Joseph, SV Galloway, AB AF Mayfield, Albert E., III Reynolds, Barbara C. Coots, Carla I. Havill, Nathan P. Brownie, Cavell Tait, Andrew R. Hanula, James L. Joseph, Shimat V. Galloway, Ashley B. TI Establishment, hybridization and impact of Laricobius predators on insecticide-treated hemlocks: Exploring integrated management of the hemlock woolly adelgid SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Adelges tsugae; Biological control; Imidacloprid; Laricobius nigrinus; Olefin-imidacloprid; Tsuga canadensis ID TSUGAE HEMIPTERA ADELGIDAE; NIGRINUS FENDER COLEOPTERA; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; INTRODUCED PREDATOR; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ANNAND HOMOPTERA; PINALES PINACEAE; UNITED-STATES; LOW RATES; DERODONTIDAE AB An integrated management approach is needed to maintain eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L) Carriere) in eastern North America and to minimize tree damage and mortality caused by the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand). This study examined the hypothesis that chemical control with low rates of insecticide and biological control can be combined in the same stand to impact adelgid populations, prolong crown health, and allow predator proliferation. Sixty T. canadensis trees in northern Georgia were individually treated via soil injection with 0%, 10%, or 25% of the label rate of imidacloprid insecticide, and the biological control predator Laricobius nigrinus Fender was released in the stand, two and four years later. By year seven, hemlocks treated with the 25% imidacloprid rate lost their insecticide protection, had significantly better crown health and higher adelgid densities than untreated trees, and supported as many Laricobius predator larvae as untreated trees. In year seven, no residues of imidacloprid were detected in Laricobius larvae feeding on previously-treated hemlocks. Most (77%) of the predators collected on study trees were identified as L. nigrinus, 12% were the native congener Laricobius rubidus LeConte, and 11% were hybrids between the introduced and native species. The hybridization rate remained stable over time. The density of undisturbed A. tsugae ovisacs was twice as high on branches protected from predators as compared with branches exposed to predators. Results suggest that chemical and biological control of A. tsugae can be successfully integrated to help prolong hemlock health, although additional predators may be necessary to protect hemlock trees in the southern Appalachians. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mayfield, Albert E., III] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28803 USA. [Reynolds, Barbara C.; Tait, Andrew R.] Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Coots, Carla I.; Galloway, Ashley B.] Univ Tennessee, Entomol & Plant Pathol Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Havill, Nathan P.] USDA, Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Hanula, James L.] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Joseph, Shimat V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Mayfield, AE (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 200 WT Weaver BlvD, Asheville, NC 28803 USA. EM amayfield02@fs.fed.us; kreynold@unca.edu; cdillin1@utk.edu; nphavill@fs.fed.us; browniecavell@gmail.com; artait@fs.fed.us; jhanula@fs.fed.us; svjoseph@ucanr.edu; gallowayab@roanestate.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Research Work Unit 4552 [10-CA-122]; Forest Health Protection [09-CA-156] FX The following agencies and individuals are gratefully acknowledged for their assistance with this project: USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station (Scott Horn, Mike Cody, Bill Sweeney, William Elliott, and Yanzhuo Zhang); USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station (DeAdra Newman); USDA Forest Service, Chattahoochee National Forest (Patrick Hopton); University of North Carolina Asheville (Hunter Weaver, Ashley Hancock, Ashley Case, Dustin Neufeld, Julie Tierney, and Corrine Fretwell); The University of Tennessee (Paris Lambdin); The University of Georgia (Gretchen Pettis, Kris Braman); and Casey Tree Experts, Lilbum GA. Funding for this work came from USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Research Work Unit 4552, Agreement 10-CA-122, and Forest Health Protection, Agreement 09-CA-156. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 335 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.09.021 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7KT UT WOS:000347739900001 ER PT J AU Haugo, R Zanger, C Demeo, T Ringo, C Shlisky, A Blankenship, K Simpson, M Mellen-McLean, K Kertis, J Stern, M AF Haugo, Ryan Zanger, Chris DeMeo, Tom Ringo, Chris Shlisky, Ayn Blankenship, Kori Simpson, Mike Mellen-McLean, Kim Kertis, Jane Stern, Mark TI A new approach to evaluate forest structure restoration needs across Oregon and Washington, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Pacific Northwest; Ecological restoration; Landfire; Fire Regime Condition Class; Gradient nearest neighbor; Natural range of variation ID MIXED-SEVERITY FIRE; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; EASTERN CASCADES; HISTORICAL RANGE; FUEL REDUCTION; NATIONAL FIRE; WILDLAND FIRE; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION AB Widespread habitat degradation and uncharacteristic fire, insect, and disease outbreaks in forests across the western United States have led to highly publicized calls to increase the pace and scale of forest restoration. Despite these calls, we frequently lack a comprehensive understanding of forest restoration needs. In this study we demonstrate a new approach for evaluating where, how much, and what types of restoration are needed to move present day landscape scale forest structure towards a Natural Range of Variability (NRV) across eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, and southwestern Oregon. Our approach builds on the conceptual framework of the LANDFIRE and Fire Regime Condition Class programs. Washington-Oregon specific datasets are used to assess the need for changes to current forest structure resulting from disturbance and/or succession at watershed and regional scales. Across our analysis region we found that changes in current structure would be needed on an estimated 4.7 million+ ha (40% of all coniferous forests) in order to restore forest structure approximating NRV at the landscape scale. Both the overall level and the type of restoration need varied greatly between forested biophysical settings. Regional restoration needs were dominated by the estimated 3.8+ million ha in need of thinning and/or low severity fire in forests that were historically maintained by frequent low or mixed severity fire (historical Fire Regime Group I and III biophysical settings). However, disturbance alone cannot restore NRV forest structure. We found that time to transition into later development structural classes through successional processes was required on approximately 3.2 million ha (over 25% of all coniferous forests). On an estimated 2.3 million ha we identified that disturbance followed by succession was required to restore NRV forest structure. The results of this study are intended to facilitate the ability of local land managers to incorporate regional scale, multi-ownership context into local forest management and restoration. Meeting the region-wide restoration needs identified in this study will require a substantial increase in the pace and scale of restoration treatments and coordination amongst governments, agencies, and landowners. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Haugo, Ryan] Nature Conservancy, Yakima, WA 98901 USA. [Zanger, Chris; Blankenship, Kori] Nature Conservancy, Bend, OR 97702 USA. [DeMeo, Tom; Mellen-McLean, Kim] US Forest Serv, Portland, OR 97024 USA. [Ringo, Chris] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Shlisky, Ayn] US Forest Serv, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Simpson, Mike] US Forest Serv, Bend, OR 97701 USA. [Kertis, Jane] US Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stern, Mark] Nature Conservancy, Portland, OR 97214 USA. RP Haugo, R (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, 32 N 3rd St,Ste 412, Yakima, WA 98901 USA. EM rhaugo@tnc.org FU US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region; Nature Conservancy in Oregon; Nature Conservancy in Washington; Icicle Fund FX We thank Darren Borgias, Miles Hemstrom, Rick Brown, Kerry Metlen, Reese Lolley, Tom Sensenig, and Patricia Hochalter, and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful feedback during development of the potential vegetation type - biophysical setting crosswalk and on earlier versions of this manuscript. Funding was provided by the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, The Nature Conservancy in Oregon, The Nature Conservancy in Washington, and the Icicle Fund. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 335 BP 37 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.09.014 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7KT UT WOS:000347739900004 ER PT J AU Welsh, HH Waters, JR Hodgson, GR Weller, TJ Zabel, CJ AF Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr. Waters, Jeffrey R. Hodgson, Garth R. Weller, Theodore J. Zabel, Cynthia J. TI Responses of the woodland salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii to commercial thinning by helicopter in late-seral Douglas-fir forest in northwest California SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Helicopter thinning; Woodland salamander; Ensatina eschscholtzii; Old-growth Douglas-fir forest; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Northwest California ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN FORESTS; BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; PLETHODONTID SALAMANDERS; TIMBER HARVEST; BODY CONDITION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SIERRA-NEVADA; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; FOOD WEBS AB We examined responses of the woodland salamander Ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzii) to commercial thinning by helicopter in late-seral Douglas-fir forest in northwestern California, USA, using a before-after control-impact (BACI) design. We employed passive pitfall traps on eight (four each treatment and control) 100 trap grids over eight years (1996-2003), three years pre- and five years post-treatment. We conducted 3-11 weekly site visits within each of 10 trap periods depending upon weather over two spring and eight fall periods for a total of 50 visits to test for differences in surface counts and body condition. We standardized data to captures/1000 trap nights. Surface counts over the eight years were highly variable with less surface activity in spring compared to fall. Although the BACI design allows for initial differences among pre-treatment grids there were none. However, in the three years post-treatment (1999-2001) mean counts on treatment grids were significantly lower than on control grids. By 2002 and 2003, post-treatment counts on control and treatment grids both declined substantially, such that despite 47% more salamanders on control grids, variability was sufficient to preclude statistical significance. Recapture rates averaged 23.3% for three years pre-treatment, but increased to 51.4% for the five years post-treatment. Pre-treatment population estimates increased on control grids post-treatment, however, surface density estimates declined. On treatment grids both population and density estimates declined following treatment. Body condition analyses indicated no significant differences between controls and treatments for either sex prior to or post-treatment. The three years of significant differences in surface counts between controls and treatments post-treatment, followed by no differences in the last two years of the study, combined with no differences in BCIs, lead us to conclude that the surface activity of Ensatina on treatments grids was only temporarily impacted by the thinning. Declining population estimates on treatment grids also indicated at least a temporary reduction in those populations. We unexpectedly found declines in counts and density estimates on both sets of grids over the eight years, suggesting a wider effect may be causing reductions in the surface activity of these salamanders, and possibly in their populations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Welsh, Hartwell H., Jr.; Waters, Jeffrey R.; Hodgson, Garth R.; Weller, Theodore J.; Zabel, Cynthia J.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Welsh, HH (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM hwelsh@fs.fed.us NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 335 BP 156 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.040 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7KT UT WOS:000347739900015 ER PT J AU Wagenbrenner, JW MacDonald, LH Coats, RN Robichaud, PR Brown, RE AF Wagenbrenner, Joseph W. MacDonald, Lee H. Coats, Robert N. Robichaud, Peter R. Brown, Robert E. TI Effects of post-fire salvage logging and a skid trail treatment on ground cover, soils, and sediment production in the interior western United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Erosion; Wildfire; Water repellency; Soil compaction; Salvage logging; Mitigation ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; WATER REPELLENCY; HILLSLOPE EROSION; SURFACE RUNOFF; WILDLAND FIRE; WILDFIRE; FOREST; DELIVERY; HYDROPHOBICITY; PERSISTENCE AB Post-fire salvage logging adds another set of environmental effects to recently burned areas, and previous studies have reported varying impacts on vegetation, soil disturbance, and sediment production with limited data on the underlying processes. Our objectives were to determine how: (1) ground-based post-fire logging affects surface cover, soil water repellency, soil compaction, and vegetative regrowth; (2) different types of logging disturbance affect sediment production at the plot and small catchment ("swale") scales; and (3) applying logging slash to skid trails affects soil properties, vegetative regrowth, and sediment production. Four study areas were established in severely burned forests in the interior western USA. We installed plots at two study areas to compare burned but unlogged controls against skid trails, feller-buncher trails, and skid trails with added slash. Salvage logged and control swales were established at each study area, but only one study area had simultaneous measurements on replicated swales. Data were collected for 0-2 years prior to logging and from 2-8 years after logging. The skidder and feller-buncher plots generally had greater compaction, less soil water repellency, and slower vegetative regrowth than the controls. Sediment production from the skidder plots was 10-100 times the value from the controls. The slightly less compacted feller-buncher plots produced only 10 - 30% as much sediment as the skidder plots, but regrowth was similarly inhibited. The relative differences in sediment production between the disturbed plots and the controls tended to increase over time as the controls exhibited more rapid regrowth. Adding slash to skid trails increased total ground cover by 20-30% and reduced the sediment yields by 5-50 times compared to the untreated skidder plots. The replicated logged swales at one study area generally had higher sediment production rates than their controls but the absolute values per unit area were much lower than from the skidder and feller-buncher plots. Results from the swales at the other study areas indicated that logging did not increase runoff, peak flows, or sediment yields. Vegetative regrowth and sediment production rates varied widely among the four study areas. This variation was largely due to differences in rainfall and soil properties, with the more productive sites having more rapid regrowth and thereby a more rapid reduction in sediment production. The susceptibility to surface runoff and erosion after high severity fires suggests that areas disturbed by ground-based salvage logging need additional mitigation practices. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wagenbrenner, Joseph W.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [MacDonald, Lee H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Coats, Robert N.] Hydroikos Ltd, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. [Robichaud, Peter R.; Brown, Robert E.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Wagenbrenner, JW (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM jwwagenb@mtu.edu; lee.macdonald@colostate.edu; coats@hydroikos.com; probichaud@fs.fed.us; bbrown02@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Department of Interior; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Joint Fire Science Program [06-3-4-21]; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Pike-San Isabel Forest; Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest FX This study was funded in part by: the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Joint Fire Science Program (Project Number 06-3-4-21); the Rocky Mountain Research Station; and the Pike-San Isabel and Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forests. We thank the Blackfeet Indian Tribe, Glacier National Park, and the Custer, Pike-San Isabel, and Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forests for access and logistical support. We also thank Sergio Prats for an early version of Fig. 1, Sierra Larson for her work in Fig. 2, James Baldwin of the Pacific Southwest Research Station for statistical consultation, and the field assistants from the Rocky Mountain Research Station and Colorado State University, especially Abby Korte, Ryan Lockwood, Will Long, and Sierra Larson. We greatly appreciate the reviews by William Elliot, Peter Wohlgemuth, Drew Coe, Benjamin Bird, Bruce Sims, Mark Adams, and two anonymous referees that helped focus and improve this manuscript. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 335 BP 176 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.09.016 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7KT UT WOS:000347739900017 ER PT J AU Dwire, KA Hubbard, R Bazan, R AF Dwire, Kathleen A. Hubbard, Robert Bazan, Roberto TI Comparison of riparian and upland forest stand structure and fuel loads in beetle infested watersheds, southern Rocky Mountains SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Regeneration; Riparian fuelbeds; Fuel treatments; Mountain pine beetle; Spruce beetle ID SUB-ALPINE FOREST; LODGEPOLE PINE STANDS; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; CHARACTERISTIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; SPRUCE BEETLE; TREE MORTALITY; NATIONAL-PARK; NORTHWESTERN COLORADO; BRITISH-COLUMBIA AB Extensive outbreaks of mountain pine beetle (MPB), spruce beetle (SB), and other insects are altering forest stand structure throughout western North America, and thereby contributing to the heterogeneity of fuel distribution. In forested watersheds, conifer-dominated riparian forests frequently occur as narrow linear features in the landscape mosaic and contribute to the spatial complexity of forest stands and fuel complexes. These streamside forests are valued for providing aquatic and terrestrial habitat, serving as sources of instream and floodplain large wood, and maintenance of streamside microclimates and stream water quality. Despite the ecological importance of riparian forests, few data exist on riparian stand attributes and fuel complexes in watersheds affected by recent beetle outbreaks. To address this need, we measured stand characteristics and fuel loads in riparian areas and adjacent uplands. Within beetle-infested watersheds in northern Colorado and southeastern Wyoming, we sampled 30 pairs of riparian and upland plots (0.05 ha). Our goal was to identify bark beetle induced differences in forest structure and fuel profiles between riparian and upland stands. Specific objectives were: (1) to quantify and compare riparian and upland forest characteristics, specifically structure, extent of insect-caused canopy mortality and understory regeneration; (2) to characterize and compare riparian and upland fuel profiles. Basal area did not differ significantly for live, dead, or total (live + dead) overstory trees (>= 10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH)) between upland and riparian stands, although variability was high between plot types and among plots. Although riparian and upland plots were both dominated by lodgepole pine, Engelmann spruce, and subalpine fir, they differed in relative proportions of lodgepole pine (higher in uplands) and Engelmann spruce-(higher-in riparian areas). For these two species, bark beetles caused greater than 80% mortality in diameter classes larger than 20 cm DBH across all plots. For subalpine fir, which is not directly affected by MBP or SB, live overstory basal area and stem densities were roughly similar in riparian and upland plots. The combination of MPB-and-SB-caused canopy mortality has diminished differences in overstory basal area composition of riparian and upland stands, making them more structurally similar than prior to the beetle outbreaks. Total understory stem densities of poles, saplings and seedlings were largely comparable across plot types. However, understory live subalpine fir densities were significantly higher in both riparian and upland plots compared to lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce, suggesting that fir will play an increasingly important role in future forest development across the landscape. With the exception of 1-h fuels and herbaceous plant cover (higher in riparian plots), fuel complexes were also similar in riparian and upland plots, with total woody fuel loads of approximately 45 Mg ha(-1). Although current basal area, understory characteristics and surface fuel distribution are largely similar in riparian areas and uplands, fuel distribution and corresponding fire risk will likely change as the SB infestation progresses, stands respond to overstory mortality, and dead trees fall. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dwire, Kathleen A.; Hubbard, Robert] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Bazan, Roberto] Post Oak Savannah Groundwater Conservat Dist, Milano, TX 76556 USA. RP Dwire, KA (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM kadwire@fs.fed.us RI Hubbard, Robert/J-6059-2012 FU US Forest Service Region 2 Forest Health Monitoring; US Forest Service; Forest Health Monitoring; Evaluation Monitoring; Rocky Mountain Research Station FX Many thanks to Ulanda Baker, Mike Brumbaugh, Cindy Leikam, Nick Monzingo, Don Slusher, Brittany Smith, Erika Szonntag, and Mountain Studies Institute for assistance with 2012 field work and data collection; to Laurie Huckaby and Dan Tinker for sharing locations and information on existing upland plots; to Jeri Lyn Harris, US Forest Service Region 2 Forest Health Monitoring for support and sharing maps; and to Banning Starr at the Fraser Experimental Forest for logistical support. We are grateful to Scott Baggett for assistance with statistical analysis, and to Sharon Payne for creating the map (Fig. 1), and deriving select variables presented in Table 1. We appreciate the constructive reviews by Mike Battaglia, Dave Merritt, and two anonymous reviewers - their comments and suggestions greatly improved the manuscript. The study was funded by the US Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring, Evaluation Monitoring and the Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 86 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 335 BP 194 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.09.039 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7KT UT WOS:000347739900018 ER PT J AU Palmer, NA Donze-Reiner, T Horvath, D Heng-Moss, T Waters, B Tobias, C Sarath, G AF Palmer, Nathan A. Donze-Reiner, Teresa Horvath, David Heng-Moss, Tiffany Waters, Brian Tobias, Christian Sarath, Gautam TI Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L) flag leaf transcriptomes reveal molecular signatures of leaf development, senescence, and mineral dynamics SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Flag leaves; Ontogeny; Panicum virgatum; RNA-seq; Senescence; Switchgrass; Transcriptomes; Biosample accession number: SRX481052 ID POTATO IPOMOEA-BATATAS; HIGHER-PLANTS; CELL-DEATH; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; STRESS TOLERANCE; ISOCITRATE LYASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; NITROGEN; WHEAT; METABOLISM AB Switchgrass flag leaves can be expected to be a source of carbon to the plant, and its senescence is likely to impact the remobilization of nutrients from the shoots to the rhizomes. However, many genes have not been assigned a function in specific stages of leaf development. Here, we characterized gene expression in flag leaves over their development. By merging changes in leaf chlorophyll and the expression of genes for chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation, a four-phase molecular roadmap for switchgrass flag leaf ontogeny was developed. Genes associated with early leaf development were up-regulated in phase 1. Phase 2 leaves had increased expression of genes for chlorophyll biosynthesis and those needed for full leaf function. Phase 3 coincided with the most active phase for leaf C and N assimilation. Phase 4 was associated with the onset of senescence, as observed by declining leaf chlorophyll content, a significant up-regulation in transcripts coding for enzymes involved with chlorophyll degradation, and in a large number of senescence-associated genes. Of considerable interest were switchgrass NAC transcription factors with significantly higher expression in senescing flag leaves. Two of these transcription factors were closely related to a wheat NAC gene that impacts mineral remobilization. The third switchgrass NAC factor was orthologous to an Arabidopsis gene with a known role in leaf senescence. Other genes coding for nitrogen and mineral utilization, including ureide, ammonium, nitrate, and molybdenum transporters, shared expression profiles that were significantly co-regulated with the expression profiles of the three NAC transcription factors. These data provide a good starting point to link shoot senescence to the onset of dormancy in field-grown switchgrass. C1 [Palmer, Nathan A.; Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Waters, Brian; Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Donze-Reiner, Teresa; Heng-Moss, Tiffany] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Horvath, David] USDA ARS, Sunflower & Plant Biol Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Tobias, Christian] USDA ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Sarath, G (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Gautam.Sarath@ars.usda.gov RI Waters, Brian/H-4805-2015; Tobias, Christian/B-6602-2009 OI Waters, Brian/0000-0002-1422-238X; Tobias, Christian/0000-0002-7881-750X FU Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-AI02-09ER64829]; USDA-NIFA [2011-67009-30096]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5440-21000-030-00D]; NCRR [1S10RR027754-01, 5P20RR016469, RR018788-08]; National Institute for General Medical Science (NIGMS) [8P20GM103427, GM103471-09] FX We thank Drs. James D. Eudy and Alok Dhar for sample preparation and analysis on the Illumina Hi-Seq 2,000 instrument. We thank Dr. Aaron J. Saathoff for help with leaf collection. This work was supported in part by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy Grant Number DE-AI02-09ER64829, USDA-NIFA Grant Number 2011-67009-30096, and by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 5440-21000-030-00D. The US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of commercial products and organizations in this manuscript is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned.; The University of Nebraska DNA Sequencing Core receives partial support from the NCRR (1S10RR027754-01, 5P20RR016469, RR018788-08) and the National Institute for General Medical Science (NIGMS) (8P20GM103427, GM103471-09). This publication's contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or NIGMS. NR 87 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 38 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X EI 1438-7948 J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD JAN PY 2015 VL 15 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1007/s10142-014-0393-0 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AY6UW UT WOS:000347701900001 PM 25173486 ER PT J AU Araya-Anchetta, A Busch, JD Scoles, GA Wagner, DM AF Araya-Anchetta, Ana Busch, Joseph D. Scoles, Glen A. Wagner, David M. TI Thirty years of tick population genetics: A comprehensive review SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE Disease vectors; Host mobility; Molecular markers; Population genetic structure; Tick dispersal ID RHIPICEPHALUS BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS; POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITE LOCI; IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI ACARI; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; AUSTRALIAN REPTILE TICK; DNA-SEQUENCE VARIATION; SOUTHERN CATTLE TICK; SEX-BIASED DISPERSAL; NATURAL-POPULATIONS AB Population genetic studies provide insights into the basic biology of arthropod disease vectors by estimating dispersal patterns and their potential to spread pathogens. In wingless vectors, such as ticks, gene flow will be defined in large part by the mobility of their hosts. However, tick behaviors and life cycle strategies can limit their dispersal even on highly mobile hosts and lead to an increase in genetic structure. In this review we synthesize the published literature from three decades of tick population genetic studies. Based on studies from 22 tick species (including representatives from Amblyomma, Bothriocroton, Dermacentor, Ixodes, Ornithodoros, and Rhipicephalus), observed levels of population genetic structure in ticks varied from no structure to very high levels. In about half of the species (including representatives from Amblyomma, Bothriocroton, Dermacentor, and Ornithodoros), tick genetic structure appeared to be determined primarily by the movement capacity of hosts, with low gene flow observed in ticks that use smaller bodied less mobile hosts and high gene flow in ticks using highly mobile hosts. In a number of other species (primarily from Ixodes, Ornithodoros, and Rhipicephalus), behavioral limitations to gene flow appeared to result in greater genetic structure than expected based upon host movement capability alone. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of genetic markers and their applicability to ticks and suggest possible analyses when planning population genetic studies for ticks. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). C1 [Araya-Anchetta, Ana; Busch, Joseph D.; Wagner, David M.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Gen, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Scoles, Glen A.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wagner, DM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Gen, 1298 S Knoles,ARD Bldg, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM dave.wagner@nau.edu FU Cowden Endowment at Northern Arizona University; USDA-NIFA [2010-65104-20386] FX This work was supported by the Cowden Endowment at Northern Arizona University and by USDA-NIFA Grant 2010-65104-20386. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments on this manuscript. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 192 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 EI 1567-7257 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 29 BP 164 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.11.008 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AZ2UJ UT WOS:000348087400022 PM 25461844 ER PT J AU Miller, PJ Haddas, R Simanov, L Lublin, A Rehmani, SF Wajid, A Bibi, T Khan, TA Yaqub, T Setiyaningsih, S Afonso, CL AF Miller, Patti J. Haddas, Ruth Simanov, Luba Lublin, Avishay Rehmani, Shafqat Fatima Wajid, Abdul Bibi, Tasra Khan, Taseer Ahmad Yaqub, Tahir Setiyaningsih, Surachmi Afonso, Claudio L. TI Identification of new sub-genotypes of virulent Newcastle disease virus with potential panzootic features SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease; NDV; Epidemiology; Panzootic; Outbreak; Poultry ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; AVIAN INFLUENZA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; EVOLUTIONARY DISTANCE; COMPLETE GENOME; WESTERN-EUROPE; UNITED-STATES; SOUTH-AFRICA AB Virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates from new sub-genotypes within genotype VII are rapidly spreading through Asia and the Middle East causing outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) characterized by significant illness and mortality in poultry, suggesting the existence of a fifth panzootic. These viruses, which belong to the new sub-genotypes VIlh and VIIi, have epizootic characteristics and do not appear to have originated directly from other genotype VII NDV isolates that are currently circulating elsewhere, but are related to the present and past Indonesian NDV viruses isolated from wild birds since the 80s. Viruses from sub-genotype VIlh were isolated in Indonesia (2009-2010), Malaysia (2011), China (2011), and Cambodia (2011-2012) and are closely related to the Indonesian NDV isolated in 2007, APMV1/Chicken/Karangasem, Indonesia (Bali-01)/2007. Since 2011 and during 2012 highly related NDV isolates from sub-genotype VIIi have been isolated from poultry production facilities and occasionally from pet birds, throughout Indonesia, Pakistan and Israel. In Pakistan, the viruses of sub-genotype VIIi have replaced NDV isolates of genotype XIII, which were commonly isolated in 2009-2011, and they have become the predominant sub-genotype causing ND outbreaks since 2012. In a similar fashion, the numbers of viruses of sub-genotype VIIi isolated in Israel increased in 2012, and isolates from this subgenotype are now found more frequently than viruses from the previously predominant sub-genotypes VlId and VIlb, from 2009 to 2012. All NDV isolates of sub-genotype VIIi are approximately 99% identical to each other and are more closely related to Indonesian viruses isolated from 1983 through 1990 than to those of genotype VII, still circulating in the region. Similarly, in addition to the Pakistani NDV isolates of the original genotype XIII (now called sub-genotype XIIIa), there is an additional sub-genotype (XIIIb) that was initially detected in India and Iran. This sub-genotype also appears to have as an ancestor a NDV strain from an Indian cockatoo isolated in1982. These data suggest the existence of a new panzootic composed of viruses of subgenotype VIIi and support our previous findings of co-evolution of multiple virulent NDV genotypes in unknown reservoirs, e.g. as recorded with the virulent NDV identified in Dominican Republic in 2008. The co-evolution of at least three different sub-genotypes reported here and the apparent close relationship of some of those genotypes from ND viruses isolated from wild birds, suggests that identifying wild life reservoirs may help predict new panzootics. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Miller, Patti J.; Afonso, Claudio L.] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Haddas, Ruth; Simanov, Luba; Lublin, Avishay] Kimron Vet Inst, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Rehmani, Shafqat Fatima; Wajid, Abdul; Bibi, Tasra; Yaqub, Tahir] Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Qual Operat Lab, Lahore, Pakistan. [Khan, Taseer Ahmad] Univ Karachi, Dept Physiol, Poultry Res Lab, Karachi, Pakistan. [Setiyaningsih, Surachmi] Bogor Agr Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis & Vet Publ Hlth, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Claudio.Afonso@ars.usda.goy FU DA-ARS CRIS [6612-32000-064]; Department of State grants entitled Molecular Epidemiology of Newcastle Disease Viruses in Indonesia and Development of Assays for Identification Newly Evolved Virulent Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus from Pakistan FX We would like to acknowledge Tim Olivier, and Dawn Williams-Coplin for technical assistance with the animal experiment and sequencing. This research was supported by DA-ARS CRIS 6612-32000-064 and from Department of State grants entitled Molecular Epidemiology of Newcastle Disease Viruses in Indonesia and Development of Assays for Identification Newly Evolved Virulent Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus from Pakistan. NR 82 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 EI 1567-7257 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 29 BP 216 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.10.032 PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AZ2UJ UT WOS:000348087400027 PM 25445644 ER PT J AU Bustos-Griffin, E Hallman, GJ Griffin, RL AF Bustos-Griffin, Emilia Hallman, Guy J. Griffin, Robert L. TI Phytosanitary irradiation in ports of entry: a practical solution for developing countries SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cost; export; food; fruit; Irradiation; phytosanitary; profitability AB The advantages of using ionising irradiation as a phytosanitary treatment have been demonstrated commercially in the past two decades and several countries currently use the technology for commercial treatments to meet plant quarantine requirements. Although many countries have expressed interest in using phytosanitary irradiation (PI) and it provides a viable alternative for overcoming a wide range of phytosanitary restrictions for numerous fresh products, the use of PI for fresh fruits and vegetables faces economic obstacles due to the sizeable initial investment required to build an irradiation facility. Projecting the market demand for irradiated products to justify the investment in treatment facilities is a business challenge limited by the potential for all countries to invest in this technology, especially developing countries. A recent change in import regulations by the United States allows for treatment upon entry, thus removing the immediate need for treatment facilities in the exporting country. This change makes it possible for exporting countries to explore and develop new markets prior to investing in treatment facilities at the origin. This paper discusses the economic potential of products that could be shipped to the United States for irradiation from selected countries in the Americas, Asia and Africa. C1 [Hallman, Guy J.] Vienna Int Ctr, IAEA, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Griffin, Robert L.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Raleigh, NC 27612 USA. RP Bustos-Griffin, E (reprint author), 172 Roan Dr, Garner, NC 27529 USA. EM emiliagriffin@yahoo.com NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-5423 EI 1365-2621 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 249 EP 255 DI 10.1111/ijfs.12676 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AZ6TR UT WOS:000348353800032 ER PT J AU Wang, JJ Tang, H Zhang, CH Zhao, YF Derrien, M Rocher, E Vlieg, JETV Strissel, K Zhao, LP Obin, M Shen, J AF Wang, Jingjing Tang, Huang Zhang, Chenhong Zhao, Yufeng Derrien, Muriel Rocher, Emilie Vlieg, Johan E. T. Van-Hylckama Strissel, Katherine Zhao, Liping Obin, Martin Shen, Jian TI Modulation of gut microbiota during probiotic-mediated attenuation of metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-fed mice SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INDUCED OBESITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; LIPID-METABOLISM; ADIPOCYTE DEATH; GENE-EXPRESSION; INFLAMMATION; ACCUMULATION; SUPPLEMENTATION; ENDOTOXEMIA AB Structural disruption of gut microbiota and associated inflammation are considered important etiological factors in high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome (MS). Three candidate probiotic strains, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4270 (LC), L. rhamnosus I-3690 (LR) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis I-2494 (BA), were individually administered to HFD-fed mice (10(8) cells day(-1)) for 12 weeks. Each strain attenuated weight gain and macrophage infiltration into epididymal adipose tissue and markedly improved glucose-insulin homeostasis and hepatic steatosis. Weighted UniFrac principal coordinate analysis based on 454 pyrosequencing of fecal bacterial 16S rRNA genes showed that the probiotic strains shifted the overall structure of the HFD-disrupted gut microbiota toward that of lean mice fed a normal (chow) diet. Redundancy analysis revealed that abundances of 83 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were altered by probiotics. Forty-nine altered OTUs were significantly correlated with one or more host MS parameters and were designated 'functionally relevant phylotypes'. Thirteen of the 15 functionally relevant OTUs that were negatively correlated with MS phenotypes were promoted, and 26 of the 34 functionally relevant OTUs that were positively correlated with MS were reduced by at least one of the probiotics, but each strain changed a distinct set of functionally relevant OTUs. LC and LR increased cecal acetate but did not affect circulating lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; in contrast, BA did not increase acetate but significantly decreased adipose and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression. These results suggest that Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium differentially attenuate obesity comorbidities in part through strain-specific impacts on MS-associated phylotypes of gut microbiota in mice. C1 [Wang, Jingjing; Zhao, Yufeng; Zhao, Liping; Shen, Jian] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Ctr Syst Biomed, Minist Educ, Key Lab Syst Biomed, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jingjing; Tang, Huang; Zhang, Chenhong; Zhao, Liping] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Life Sci & Biotechnol, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Derrien, Muriel; Rocher, Emilie; Vlieg, Johan E. T. Van-Hylckama] Danone Res, Palaiseau, France. [Strissel, Katherine; Obin, Martin] Tufts Univ, JMUSDA HNRCA, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Strissel, Katherine; Obin, Martin] Tufts Univ, JMUSDA HNRCA, Funct Genom Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Shen, J (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Ctr Syst Biomed, Minist Educ, Key Lab Syst Biomed, Room 3-519,Biol Bldg,800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. EM shenjian@sjtu.edu.cn OI Derrien, Muriel/0000-0001-8841-9153 FU Danone Research, National Natural Science Foundation of China program [31121064, 81100632] FX We thank Chloe Beal for technical help on RT-qPCR of probiotic strains, M Zhang for statistics expertise and G Wang and J Wang for 454 pyrosequencing data extraction and submission. The Yakult Intestinal Flora-SCAN (YIF-SCAN) technology, developed by Yakult and operated under licence, was used in this study to quantify the live probiotics in feces with RNA-based retro-transcription quantitative PCR. This work was supported by a grant from Danone Research, National Natural Science Foundation of China program grants 31121064 and 81100632. NR 60 TC 62 Z9 71 U1 20 U2 114 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1038/ismej.2014.99 PG 15 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA AZ4SK UT WOS:000348212800001 PM 24936764 ER PT J AU Kiefer, MT Heilman, WE Zhong, SY Charney, JJ Bian, XD AF Kiefer, Michael T. Heilman, Warren E. Zhong, Shiyuan Charney, Joseph J. Bian, Xindi TI Mean and Turbulent Flow Downstream of a Low-Intensity Fire: Influence of Canopy and Background Atmospheric Conditions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; PREDICTION SYSTEM ARPS; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; SOLAR-RADIATION; KINETIC-ENERGY; GRASS FIRES; WIND-FLOWS; AIR-FLOW; PART I; MODEL AB This study examines the sensitivity of mean and turbulent flow in the planetary boundary layer and roughness sublayer to a low-intensity fire and evaluates whether the sensitivity is dependent on canopy and background atmospheric properties. The ARPS-CANOPY model, a modified version of the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) model with a canopy parameterization, is utilized for this purpose. A series of numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate whether the ability of the fire to alter downstream wind, temperature, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and vertical heat flux differs between forested and open areas, sparse and dense forests, weak and strong background flow, and neutral and convective background stability. Analysis of all experiments shows that, in general, mean and turbulent flow both prior to and during a low-intensity fire is damped in the presence of a canopy. Greater sensitivity to the fire is found in cases with strong ambient wind speed than in cases with quiescent or weak wind speed. Furthermore, sensitivity of downstream atmospheric conditions to the fire is shown to be strongest with a neutrally stratified background. An analysis of the TKE budget reveals that both buoyancy and wind shear contribute to TKE production during the period of time in which the fire conditions are applied to the model. On the basis of the results of the ARPS simulations, caution is advised when applying ARPS-simulation results to predictions of smoke transport and dispersion: smoke-model users should consider whether canopy impacts on the atmosphere are accounted for and whether neutral stratification is assumed. C1 [Kiefer, Michael T.; Zhong, Shiyuan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Heilman, Warren E.; Charney, Joseph J.; Bian, Xindi] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Lansing, MI USA. RP Kiefer, MT (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Geog Bldg,673 Auditorium Rd Rm 203, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM mtkiefer@msu.edu OI Kiefer, Michael/0000-0002-4824-0148 FU U.S. Joint Fire Science Program [09-1-04-1]; USDA Forest Service [09-JV-11242306-089] FX Support for this research was provided by the U.S. Joint Fire Science Program (Project 09-1-04-1) and the USDA Forest Service (Research Joint Venture Agreement 09-JV-11242306-089). We thank Jovanka Nikolic, Lisi Pei, and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing the manuscript and providing helpful comments. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 54 IS 1 BP 42 EP 57 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0058.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AZ0SB UT WOS:000347953700003 ER PT J AU Deng, L Jiang, CZ Mu, WL Wang, QG AF Deng, Lei Jiang, Cai-Zhong Mu, Wenliang Wang, Qingguo TI Influence of 1-MCP treatments on eating quality and consumer preferences of 'Qinmei' kiwifruit during shelf life SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE LA English DT Article DE Kiwifruit; Eating quality; 1-methylcyclopropene; Titratable acidity; Shelf life; Storage ID HAYWARD KIWIFRUIT; ACTINIDIA-DELICIOSA; COLD-STORAGE; 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE; ETHYLENE AB In recent years, some Chinese distributors said that 1-MCP treated kiwifruit were difficult to ripen and that the eating quality was reduced. This paper addresses whether these problems exists or not, determines the quality parameters affecting consumer preferences and reevaluates the necessity of 1-MCP application for storage of kiwifruit. 'Qinmei' kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson) harvested at three ripening stages were treated with 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 or 1.5 mu LL-1 1-MCP before cold storage. The results showed that for the fruit harvested at two higher ripening stages, 1-MCP treatment reduced decay incidence after 12 days shelf life following 90 days cold storage, and the percentage of decayed fruit for 1-MCP treatment was much lower than control after 150 days storage as well as on subsequent shelf life no matter what the ripening stage was. After decayed fruit was removed from all the treatments, fruit treated with 1-MCP displayed a lower consumer acceptance, especially at higher concentrations, compared with control during shelf life. This indicated 1-MCP treated fruit presented lower eating quality compared to control fruit during the shelf life. Excessive sourness, but not firmness or soluble solids was the main factor decreasing the taste of kiwifruit treated with 1-MCP. Fruit softening was delayed by all dosages of 1-MCP. However, the higher firmness showed no significant negative effect on eating quality. 1-MCP had no influence on soluble solids content after the cold storage or during shelf life. Our study demonstrated that utilization of lower concentration of 1-MCP up to 1 mu LL-1 for 'Qinmei' kiwifruit with intended storage of 150 days was necessary, but not for 90 days storage of fruit harvested at low ripening stage (harvested at 6.4 % SSC). C1 [Deng, Lei; Wang, Qingguo] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Mu, Wenliang] Shandong Prov Res Ctr Engn & Technol Food Safety, Jinan 251400, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Cai-Zhong] USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wang, QG (reprint author), Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Daizong St 61, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM wqgyyy@126.com NR 17 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 23 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0022-1155 EI 0975-8402 J9 J FOOD SCI TECH MYS JI J. Food Sci. Technol.-Mysore PD JAN PY 2015 VL 52 IS 1 BP 335 EP 342 DI 10.1007/s13197-013-0986-y PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AY4BS UT WOS:000347523800032 ER PT J AU Boucias, D Baniszewski, J Prompiboon, P Lietze, V Geden, C AF Boucias, D. Baniszewski, J. Prompiboon, P. Lietze, V. Geden, C. TI Enhancement of the Musca domestica hytrosavirus infection with orally delivered reducing agents SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hytrosavirudae; Musca domestica; Dithiothetriol; Tris (2-caboxyethyl)phosphine; hydrochloride; Peritrophic matrix; Midgut barrier ID SALIVARY-GLAND HYPERTROPHY; PERITROPHIC MEMBRANE; MOSQUITO LARVAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI; HOUSE-FLIES; VIRUS; MATRIX; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; BEHAVIOR AB House flies (Musca domestica L) throughout the world are infected with the salivary gland hypertrophy virus MdSGHV (Hytrosaviridae). Although the primary route of infection is thought to be via ingestion, flies that are old enough to feed normally are resistant to infection per os, suggesting that the peritrophic matrix (PM) is a barrier to virus transmission. Histological examination of the peritrophic matrix of healthy flies revealed a multilaminate structure produced by midgut cells located near the proventriculus. SEM revealed the PM to form a confluent sheet surrounding the food bolus with pores/openings less than 10 nm in diameter. TEM revealed the PM to be multilayered, varying in width from 350 to 900 nm, and generally thinner in male than in female flies. When flies were fed on the reducing agents dithiothetriol (DTT) or tris (2-caboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) for 48 h before per as exposure to the virus, infection rates increased 10- to 20-fold compared with flies that did not receive the reducing agent treatments. PM's from flies treated with DTT and TCEP displayed varying degrees of disruption, particularly in the outer layer, and lacked the electron-dense inner layer facing the ectoperitrophic space. Both drugs were somewhat toxic to the flies, resulting in >40% mortality at doses greater than 10 mM (DTF) or 5 mM (TCEP). DTT increased male fly susceptibility (55.1% infected) more than that of females (7.8%), whereas TCEP increased susceptibility of females (42.9%) more than that of males (26.2%). The cause for the sex differences in response to oral exposure the reducing agents is unclear. Exposing flies to food treated with virus and the reducing agents at the same time, rather than pretreating flies with the drugs, had no effect on susceptibility to the virus. Presumably, the reducing agent disrupted the enveloped virus and acted as a viricidal agent. In summary, it is proposed that the reducing agents influence integrity of the PM barrier and increase the susceptibility of flies to infection by MdSGHV. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Boucias, D.; Baniszewski, J.; Lietze, V.] Univ Florida, Entomol & Hematol Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Prompiboon, P.] BioNet Asia Co Ltd, Bang Pa In 13160, Ayutthaya, Thailand. [Geden, C.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Boucias, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Entomol & Hematol Dept, 970 Nat Area Dr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 124 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.10.004 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ5HK UT WOS:000348250600006 PM 25450739 ER PT J AU Huang, WF Solter, L Aronstein, K Huang, Z AF Huang, Wei-Fone Solter, Leellen Aronstein, Katherine Huang, Zachary TI Infectivity and virulence of Nosema ceranae and Nosema apis in commercially available North American honey bees SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nosema ceranae; Nosema apis; Infectivity; Virulence ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; MICROSPORIDIAN PARASITE; MELLIFERA; TEMPERATURE; TRANSMISSION; HYMENOPTERA; PATHOGEN; CLIMATE; EUROPE AB Nosema ceranae infection is ubiquitous in western honey bees, Apis mellifera, in the United States and the pathogen has apparently replaced Nosema apis in colonies nationwide. Displacement of N. apis suggests that N. ceranae has competitive advantages but N. ceranae was significantly less infective and less virulent than N. apis in commercially available lineages of honey bees in studies conducted in Illinois and Texas. At 5 days post eclosion, the most susceptible age of adult bees tested, the mean ID50 for N. apis was 359 spores compared to 3217 N. ceranae spores, a nearly 9-fold difference. Infectivity of N. ceranae was also lower than N. apis for 24-h and 14-day worker bees. N. ceranae was less infective than reported in studies using European strains of honey bees, while N. apis infectivity, tested in the same cohort of honey bees, corresponded to results reported globally from 1972 to 2010. Mortality of worker bees was similar for both pathogens at a dosage of 50 spores and was not different from the uninfected controls, but was significantly higher for N. apis than N. ceranae at dosages >= 500 spores. Our results provide comparisons for evaluating research using different ages of bees and pathogen dosages and clarify some controversies. In addition, comparisons among studies suggest that the mixed lineages of US honey bees may be less susceptible to N. ceranae infections than are European bees or that the US isolates of the pathogen are less infective and less virulent than European isolates. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Wei-Fone; Solter, Leellen] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Aronstein, Katherine] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Huang, Zachary] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Huang, WF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Prairie Res Inst, 1816 S Oak St, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM wfhuang@illinois.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Managed Pollinator Coordinated Agriculture Project (CAP) [2009-85118-05718, RC293-365/4692038]; USDA-CSREES [ILLU-875302-0250249 S-1024] FX The authors thank G. Robinson for use of the University of Illinois research bee colonies, C. Nye, E. Swenson, and A. Nelson for laboratory assistance, and Bob Cox of the USDA/ARS for laboratory and field assistance. We also thank anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This research was supported by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Managed Pollinator Coordinated Agriculture Project (CAP) no. 2009-85118-05718, subaward to KAA and subaward no. RC293-365/4692038 to LFS, and USDA-CSREES Project no. ILLU-875302-0250249 S-1024. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 35 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 124 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.10.006 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ5HK UT WOS:000348250600017 PM 25450737 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Mizell, RF AF Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Mizell, Russell F., III TI An insect pupal cell with antimicrobial properties that suppress an entomopathogenic fungus SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial; Beauveria bassiana; Fungus; Insect; Pupal cell AB Soil-dwelling insects have developed various mechanisms to defend against pathogen infection. The pecan weevil, Curculio caryae, spends two to three years in the soil inside an earthen cell. We hypothesized that the cell may possess antimicrobial properties. In a laboratory study, we tested the hypothesis using the fungus Beauveria bassiana as a model. B. bassiana is a common endemic pathogen of C caryae. We compared the number of colony-forming-units on selective media when B. bassiana was exposed to autoclaved soil, non-autoclaved soil, or soil from a C. caryae pupal cell. Soil from C caryae cells was suppressive to B. bassiana. To our knowledge this is the first report of antimicrobial properties associated with an insect soil cell. The findings expand our knowledge of host pathogen relationships. Additional research is needed to determine the basis for the suppressive effects observed. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Mizell, Russell F., III] Univ Florida, IFAS, North Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), USDA ARS, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov; rfmizell@ufl.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 124 BP 114 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.12.003 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ5HK UT WOS:000348250600018 PM 25510575 ER PT J AU Huebener, S Tanaka, CK Uhde, M Zone, JJ Vensel, WH Kasarda, DD Beams, L Briani, C Green, PHR Altenbach, SB Alaedini, A AF Huebener, Sina Tanaka, Charlene K. Uhde, Melanie Zone, John J. Vensel, William H. Kasarda, Donald D. Beams, Leilani Briani, Chiara Green, Peter H. R. Altenbach, Susan B. Alaedini, Armin TI Specific Nongluten Proteins of Wheat Are Novel Target Antigens in Celiac Disease Humoral Response SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Celiac disease; immune response; antibody; serpin; purinin; alpha-amylase/protease; inhibitor; globulin; farinin ID ANTIGLIADIN ANTIBODIES; DERMATITIS-HERPETIFORMIS; GLIADIN; GLUTEN; FRACTIONS; ENDOSPERM; CHILDREN; ELECTROPHORESIS; AUTOIMMUNITY; PEPTIDES AB While the antigenic specificity and pathogenic relevance of immunologic reactivity to gluten in celiac disease have been extensively researched, the immune response to nongluten proteins of wheat has not been characterized. We aimed to investigate the level and molecular specificity of antibody response to wheat nongluten proteins in celiac disease. Serum samples from patients and controls were screened for IgG and IgA antibody reactivity to a nongluten protein extract from the wheat cultivar Triticum aestivum Butte 86. Antibodies were further analyzed for reactivity to specific nongluten proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Immunoreactive molecules were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Compared with healthy controls, patients exhibited significantly higher levels of antibody reactivity to nongluten proteins. The main immunoreactive nongluten antibody target proteins were identified as serpins, purinins, a-amylase/protease inhibitors, globulins, and farinins. Assessment of reactivity toward purified recombinant proteins further confirmed the presence of antibody response to specific antigens. The results demonstrate that, in addition to the well-recognized immune reaction to gluten, celiac disease is associated with a robust humoral response directed at a specific subset of the nongluten proteins of wheat. C1 [Huebener, Sina; Uhde, Melanie; Beams, Leilani; Green, Peter H. R.; Alaedini, Armin] Columbia Univ, Dept Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Huebener, Sina; Uhde, Melanie; Green, Peter H. R.; Alaedini, Armin] Columbia Univ, Celiac Dis Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Tanaka, Charlene K.; Vensel, William H.; Kasarda, Donald D.; Altenbach, Susan B.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Zone, John J.] Univ Utah, Dept Dermatol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Briani, Chiara] Univ Padua, Dept Neurosci, I-35128 Padova Pd, Italy. [Beams, Leilani; Alaedini, Armin] Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Altenbach, SB (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Susan.Altenbach@ars.usda.gov; aa819@columbia.edu FU National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH [UL1 TR000040] FX We would like to thank Dr. Carolina Arguelles-Grande and Ms. Maria Minaya of Columbia University for their involvement in specimen collection and organization. We are grateful to the research participants involved. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Funding was provided by National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, through Grant Number UL1 TR000040. Study sponsor had no role in study design or in collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 14 IS 1 BP 503 EP 511 DI 10.1021/pr500809b PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AY3UA UT WOS:000347506600043 PM 25329597 ER PT J AU Taicedai, F Krewer, G Barnes, R Branstratr, J Santos, B Glenn, DM AF Taicedai, Fumiomi Krewer, Gerard Barnes, Richard Branstratr, Jerry Santos, Bielinsk Glenn, D. Michael TI Winter Shading of Blueberry Plants in the Southeastern United States SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE chill hour; climate change; frost; global warming; hydrogen cyanamide; microclimate; Vaccinium ID RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY; BUD DEVELOPMENT; BUDBREAK; PERIOD AB In central Florida, southern highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum hybrids) are often treated with hydrogen cyanamide (HC) to replace lack of chilling and enhance flowering and fruiting. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of repeated applications of a processed-kaolin particle film product (PKPF) and a flat-top shade structure on blueberry plants during the fall and winter months as an alternative to spraying HC on bud viability, flowering, and fruit set. Both methods were effective in lowering the bud or air temperatures and increasing plant yield or fruit set compared with the control plants (e.g., not treated with HC) in some years. Results from this study suggest that weekly application of PKPF for eight weeks from October to December or shading the plants from November to onset of bloom in mid-January may reduce, eliminate, or enhance the use of HC in some southern highbush blueberry (SHB) cultivars. Shade structures were also useful in reducing damage to flowers and green fruit during radiation frost events in late winter and early spring. C1 [Taicedai, Fumiomi; Glenn, D. Michael] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Krewer, Gerard] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Barnes, Richard] Trellis Growing Syst, Ft Wayne, IN 46804 USA. [Branstratr, Jerry] Trellis Growing Syst, Ft Wayne, IN 46804 USA. [Santos, Bielinsk] Univ Florida, IFAS, Gulf Coast Res & Educ Ctr, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. RP Taicedai, F (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM Fumi.Takeda@ARS.USDA.GOV FU USDA NIFA SBIR program [2011-33610-30469] FX This research was supported by USDA NIFA SBIR program (Agreement No. 2011-33610-30469, "Modular shading structure for high value fruits and vegetables"). The authors thank the Clear Springs Farms, Homeland, FL 33847, Jack Green, Jr., and Bill Braswell for their assistance in the project. Ann Rose provided valuable technical assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 69 IS 1 BP 16 EP 25 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA1PW UT WOS:000348685200005 ER PT J AU Scorza, R Demuth, M AF Scorza, Ralph Demuth, Mark TI Black knot [Apiosporina morbosa (Schw.)] resistance in imported and domestic Prunus domestica L. germplasm and cultivars SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE plum; infection; ascospores; breeding; prune ID PLUM; INHERITANCE; STONELESS AB Black knot Apiosporina morbosa (Schw.) (BK) is an important fungal disease of Prunus domestica and other Prunus species in North America. BK causes economic losses in the plum growing regions of northern and eastern U.S., and eastern Canada. Relatively few P. domestica commercial cultivars are resistant to BK. Evaluation of resistance to BK in P domestica plums including an evaluation of infection of new shoot growth following pruning was carried out over four years. The 43 genotypes evaluated included 23 accessions from the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS)-Davis, California and cultivars and selections from the U.S., Canada, and Europe. Based on the evaluations, genotypes were classified as highly resistant, moderately resistant, susceptible or highly susceptible. Highly resistant genotypes, without visible symptoms made up 44% of the germplasm evaluated and of these, 68% were accessions from the U.S. NPGS collection. While the inheritance of resistance remains to be determined, these evaluations indicate that sources of high level resistance are available in P domestica that can be utilized in breeding highly resistant commercial cultivars. C1 [Scorza, Ralph; Demuth, Mark] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Scorza, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM Ralph.scorza@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 69 IS 1 BP 45 EP 50 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA1PW UT WOS:000348685200008 ER PT J AU Lorch, JM Minnis, AM Meteyer, CU Redell, JA White, JP Kaarakka, HM Muller, LK Lindner, DL Verant, ML Shearn-Bochsler, V Blehert, DS AF Lorch, Jeffrey M. Minnis, Andrew M. Meteyer, Carol U. Redell, Jennifer A. White, J. Paul Kaarakka, Heather M. Muller, Laura K. Lindner, Daniel L. Verant, Michelle L. Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie Blehert, David S. TI THE FUNGUS TRICHOPHYTON REDELLII SP NOV CAUSES SKIN INFECTIONS THAT RESEMBLE WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME OF HIBERNATING BATS SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bat; dermatophyte; fungal infection; hibernation; Trichophyton; white-nose syndrome ID GEOMYCES-DESTRUCTANS; GENETIC-VARIATION; DERMATOPHYTES; BOOTSTRAP; CAVES AB Before the discovery of white-nose syndrome (WNS), a fungal disease caused by Pseudo gymnoascus destructans, there were no reports of fungal skin infections in bats during hibernation. In 2011, bats with grossly visible fungal skin infections similar in appearance to WNS were reported from multiple sites in Wisconsin, US, a state outside the known range of P. destructans and WNS at that time. Tape impressions or swab samples were collected from affected areas of skin from bats with these fungal infections in 2012 and analyzed by microscopy, culture, or direct DNA amplification and sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). A psychrophilic species of Trichophyton was isolated in culture, detected by direct DNA amplification and sequencing, and observed on tape impressions. Deoxyribonucleic acid indicative of the same fungus was also detected on three of five bat carcasses collected in 2011 and 2012 from Wisconsin, Indiana, and Texas, US. Superficial fungal skin infections caused by Trichophyton sp. were observed in histopathology for all three bats. Sequencing of the ITS of Trichophyton sp., along with its inability to grow at 25 C, indicated that it represented a previously unknown species, described herein as Trichophyton redellii sp. nov. Genetic diversity present within T. redellii suggests it is native to North America but that it had been overlooked before enhanced efforts to study fungi associated with bats in response to the emergence of WNS. C1 [Lorch, Jeffrey M.; Verant, Michelle L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Minnis, Andrew M.; Lindner, Daniel L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Meteyer, Carol U.; Muller, Laura K.; Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie; Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Redell, Jennifer A.; White, J. Paul; Kaarakka, Heather M.] Bur Nat Heritage Conservat, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53707 USA. RP Blehert, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM dblehert@usgs.gov OI Lorch, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2239-1252 FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; US Forest Service FX This work was supported by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the US Geological Survey, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, and the US Forest Service. We thank Andrew Badje and Tyler Brandt for their help in collecting samples; D. Earl Green for contributing postmortem examination and histopathologic findings; Brenda Berlowski-Zier, Douglas Berndt, Elizabeth Bohuski, Kathryn Griffin, and Dottie Johnson for assistance with postmortem examinations or routine diagnostic work; and Anne Ballmann, Jennifer Buckner, and C. LeAnn White for coordinating sample submission. We thank Al Hicks for providing a photograph of a bat with white-nose syndrome (Fig. 1B). The use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government or by the State of Wisconsin. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 36 EP 47 DI 10.7589/2014-05-134 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AZ1LS UT WOS:000348001200005 PM 25375940 ER PT J AU White, CL Ip, HS Meteyer, CU Walsh, DP Hall, JS Carstensen, M Wolf, PC AF White, C. LeAnn Ip, Hon S. Meteyer, Carol U. Walsh, Daniel P. Hall, Jeffrey S. Carstensen, Michelle Wolf, Paul C. TI SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS-1 OUTBREAKS IN DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS (PHALACROCORAX AURITUS) IN THE USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Juvenile; management; Midwest; mortality; Newcastle Disease virus; wild birds ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE-VIRUS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; GREAT-LAKES; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; NOMENCLATURE; EPIDEMIC; FLORIDA; CANADA AB Morbidity and mortality events caused by avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1) in Double-crested Cormorant (DCCO; Phalacrocorax auritus) nesting colonies in the US and Canada have been sporadically documented in the literature. We describe APMV-1 associated outbreaks in DCCO in the US from the first reported occurrence in 1992 through 2012. The frequency of APMV-1 outbreaks has increased in the US over the last decade, but the majority of events have continued to occur in DCCO colonies in the Midwestern states. Although morbidity and mortality in conesting species has been frequently reported during DCCO APMV-1 outbreaks, our results suggest that isolation of APMV-1 is uncommon in species other than DCCO during APMV-1 outbreaks and that the cause of mortality in other species is associated with other pathogens. Populations of DCCO do not appear to have been significantly affected by this disease; however, because at least 65% of the APMV-1 outbreaks in DCCO in the US have involved APMV-1 strains classified as virulent to poultry (virulent Newcastle disease virus), its persistence and increased occurrence in DCCO warrants continued research and surveillance. C1 [White, C. LeAnn; Ip, Hon S.; Meteyer, Carol U.; Walsh, Daniel P.; Hall, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Carstensen, Michelle] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Hlth Program, Forest Lake, MN 55025 USA. [Wolf, Paul C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, St Paul, MN 55107 USA. RP White, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM clwhite@usgs.gov OI Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826; Walsh, Daniel/0000-0002-7772-2445 NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 8 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 101 EP 112 DI 10.7589/2014-05-132 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AZ1LS UT WOS:000348001200011 PM 25390762 ER PT J AU Stephenson, RJ Trible, BR Wang, Y Kerrigan, MA Goldstein, SM Rowland, RRR AF Stephenson, Rachel J. Trible, Benjamin R. Wang, Yu Kerrigan, Maureen A. Goldstein, Samuel M. Rowland, Raymond R. R. TI Multiplex Serology for Common Viral Infections in Feral Pigs (Sus scrofa) in Hawaii between 2007 and 2010 SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Feral pigs; fluorescence microsphere immunoassay; Hawaii; porcine circovirus; porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; swine influenza virus ID PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE-2; DISEASE; SWINE; VACCINATION; VIRUS AB Multiplex serology was performed for the detection of total immunoglobulin (Ig) and IgM antibodies against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and swine influenza virus (SW) antigens in feral swine (Sus scrofa). Serum samples were collected from the islands of Oahu (292 pigs) and Hawaii (52 pigs) between 2007 and 2010. The highest antibody prevalence was to PCV2 (63%), followed by SW (7.8%) and PRRSV (5.8%). Antigen-specific IgM was detected at a much lower prevalence. PCR amplification and sequence analysis of PCV2 in three IgM-positive samples identified PCV2b as the only genotype. While the prevalence of PCV2 and PRRSV remained similar between 2007 and 2010, the percentage of SIV-positive samples on Oahu increased from 2% to 19%. Our results demonstrate the utility of multiplex serology for pathogen surveillance in feral pig populations. C1 [Stephenson, Rachel J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Trible, Benjamin R.; Wang, Yu; Kerrigan, Maureen A.; Rowland, Raymond R. R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Goldstein, Samuel M.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Honolulu, HI 96819 USA. RP Rowland, RRR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM browland@vet.k-state.edu RI Stephenson, Rachel/C-4500-2016 OI Stephenson, Rachel/0000-0001-6424-7502 FU National Pork Board [10-33] FX We greatly appreciate the efforts of the specialists in the Wildlife Services Hawaii Program who collected the samples. The project was also supported by National Pork Board Project 10-33, Serological Approach for Diagnosis and Surveillance of Multiple Agents in Serum and Oral Fluid Samples. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.7589/2013-09-242 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AZ1LS UT WOS:000348001200027 PM 25380357 ER PT J AU Mortenson, JA Moriarty, KM AF Mortenson, Jack A. Moriarty, Katie M. TI Ketamine and Midazolam Anesthesia in Pacific Martens (Martes caurina) SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE American marten; anesthesia; ketamine; Martes americana; Martes caurina; midazolam; Pacific marten ID ZOLAZEPAM-XYLAZINE IMMOBILIZATION; PENNANTI; HYDROCHLORIDE; ISOFLURANE; AMERICANA AB The use of midazolam as a tranquilizer for anesthesia in mustelids in conjunction with the cyclohexamine ketamine is not well documented. Because midazolam is fast acting, inexpensive, and quickly metabolized, it may serve as a good alternative to other more commonly used tranquilizers. We trapped and anesthetized 27 Pacific martens (Manes caurina) in Lassen National Forest (northern California, US) August 2010 April 2013. We assessed anesthesia with ketamine at 18 and 25 mg/kg combined with 0.2 mg/kg of midazolam by comparing mean times of induction, return to consciousness, and recovery, plus physiologic parameters. No reversal was used for the midazolam portion of the anesthetic. Mean (+/- SD) induction for both ketamine dosages was 1.7 +/- 0.5 and 1.8 +/- 1.0 min, respectively. Return to consciousness mean times were 8.0 min longer (P<0.001) for martens receiving a 25 mg/kg ketamine dosage. Mean recoveries were 15.1 min longer (P<0.003) for the 25 mg/kg ketamine dosage. Physiologic parameter means were similar for both ketamine dosages with no statistically significant differences. Body temperatures and heart and respiratory rates were generally stable, but percentage of oxygen saturation and end tidal carbon dioxide values were below those seen in previous mustelid studies. The combination of ketamine, at both dosages, and midazolam provided reliable field anesthesia for Pacific martens, and supplemental oxygen is recommended as needed. C1 [Mortenson, Jack A.] USDA, Vet Serv, Salem, OR 97301 USA. [Mortenson, Jack A.; Moriarty, Katie M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Mortenson, JA (reprint author), USDA, Vet Serv, 530 Ctr St NE,Suite 335, Salem, OR 97301 USA. EM jack.a.mortenson@usda.gov FU US Forest Service, Lassen National Forest (LNF), California; LNF; Thomas G. Scott Publication Fund FX Funding and field support were provided by the US Forest Service, Lassen National Forest (LNF), California. Mark Williams, Tom Frolli, Cassie Kinnard, and Kaley Phillips (LNF) coordinated field support and funding. Clinton W. Epps, Aaron Moffett, and staff in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, and William J. Zielinski, US Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, contributed to our larger research effort. We thank our reviewers for advice and useful comments improving this manuscript. Lastly, our project could not have been conducted without our field technicians (Mark Linnell, Matt Delheimer, Lacey Kreiensieck, Patrick Tweedy, Ryan Adamczyk, Katie Mansfield, Brent Barry, Bryce Peterson, David Hamilton, Connor Wood, Minh Dao, Marinda Cokeley), and the many volunteers that helped during the project. Publication of this paper was supported, in part, by the Thomas G. Scott Publication Fund. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 250 EP 254 DI 10.7589/2014-02-031 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AZ1LS UT WOS:000348001200029 PM 25380359 ER PT J AU Poessel, SA Breck, SW Fox, KA Gese, EM AF Poessel, Sharon A. Breck, Stewart W. Fox, Karen A. Gese, Eric M. TI Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure and Toxicosis in Coyotes (Canis latrans) in the Denver Metropolitan Area SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Brodifacoum; bromadiolone; poison; second-generation; toxicant; urban ID NONTARGET WILDLIFE; NOTOEDRIC MANGE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; MOUNTAIN LIONS; NEW-ZEALAND; BOBCATS; BRODIFACOUM AB Anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used in urban areas to control rodent pests and are responsible for secondary poisoning in many nontarget wildlife species. We tested the livers of five coyotes (Canis latrans) in the Denver Metropolitan Area, Colorado, US, for anticoagulant rodenticides. All five livers were positive for brodifacoum, with values ranging from 95 ppb to 320 ppb, and one liver was positive for bromadiolone, with a value of 885 ppb. Both of these rodenticides are second-generation anticoagulants, which are more potent and more likely to cause secondary poisoning than first-generation anticoagulants due to their accumulation and persistence in the liver. We concluded that exposure to these rodenticides may have caused the death of at least two of the five coyotes, and urban coyotes in our study area are commonly exposed to rodenticides. C1 [Poessel, Sharon A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Breck, Stewart W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Fox, Karen A.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Wildlife Hlth Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv,USDA, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Poessel, SA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM sharpoes@gmail.com RI Poessel, Sharon/B-3651-2013; Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 OI Poessel, Sharon/0000-0002-0283-627X; FU US Department of Agriculture; Wildlife Services; National Wildlife Research Center; Colorado Parks and Wildlife FX We thank J. Brinker, J. Kougher, S. Koyle, D. Lewis, and F. Quarterone for assistance with trapping and handling coyotes. We also thank Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory for testing liver samples. Funding was provided by the US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, and Colorado Parks and Wildlife. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.7589/2014-04-116 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AZ1LS UT WOS:000348001200032 PM 25380355 ER PT J AU Cushman, SA AF Cushman, Samuel A. TI Pushing the envelope in genetic analysis of species invasion SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT News Item DE experimentation; landscape genetics; range expansion; secondary contact; simulation; vicariance ID POPULATION-GENETICS; LANDSCAPE GENETICS C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Cushman, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM scushman@fs.fed.us NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 259 EP 262 DI 10.1111/mec.13043 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AZ2KC UT WOS:000348061600001 PM 25594583 ER PT J AU James, PMA Cooke, B Brunet, BMT Lumley, LM Sperling, FAH Fortin, MJ Quinn, VS Sturtevant, BR AF James, Patrick M. A. Cooke, Barry Brunet, Bryan M. T. Lumley, Lisa M. Sperling, Felix A. H. Fortin, Marie-Josee Quinn, Vanessa S. Sturtevant, Brian R. TI Life-stage differences in spatial genetic structure in an irruptive forest insect: implications for dispersal and spatial synchrony SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyclic populations; insect outbreaks; microsatellites; multivariate analysis; population genetics; spruce budworm ID BUDWORM CHORISTONEURA-FUMIFERANA; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; SPRUCE BUDWORM; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; ONTARIO CANADA; NORTH-AMERICA; MINNESOTA USA; OUTBREAKS AB Dispersal determines the flux of individuals, energy and information and is therefore a key determinant of ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Yet, it remains difficult to quantify its importance relative to other factors. This is particularly true in cyclic populations in which demography, drift and dispersal contribute to spatio-temporal variability in genetic structure. Improved understanding of how dispersal influences spatial genetic structure is needed to disentangle the multiple processes that give rise to spatial synchrony in irruptive species. In this study, we examined spatial genetic structure in an economically important irruptive forest insect, the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) to better characterize how dispersal, demography and ecological context interact to influence spatial synchrony in a localized outbreak. We characterized spatial variation in microsatellite allele frequencies using 231 individuals and seven geographic locations. We show that (i) gene flow among populations is likely very high (F-st approximate to 0); (ii) despite an overall low level of genetic structure, important differences exist between adult (moth) and juvenile (larvae) life stages; and (iii) the localized outbreak is the likely source of moths captured elsewhere in our study area. This study demonstrates the potential of using molecular methods to distinguish residents from migrants and for understanding how dispersal contributes to spatial synchronization. In irruptive populations, the strength of genetic structure depends on the timing of data collection (e.g. trough vs. peak), location and dispersal. Taking into account this ecological context allows us to make more general characterizations of how dispersal can affect spatial synchrony in irruptive populations. C1 [James, Patrick M. A.] Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Cooke, Barry] Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada. [Brunet, Bryan M. T.; Lumley, Lisa M.; Sperling, Felix A. H.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Lumley, Lisa M.] Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, AB T5N 0M6, Canada. [Fortin, Marie-Josee] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. [Quinn, Vanessa S.] Purdue Univ North Cent, Westville, IN 46391 USA. [Sturtevant, Brian R.] US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, USDA, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP James, PMA (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, CP 6128 Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM patrick.ma.james@umontreal.ca; bsturtevant@fs.fed.us OI Brunet, Bryan/0000-0001-5083-9662 FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) Managed Ecosystems program [2005-35101-16342]; US National Fire Plan; National Science and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant (Canada) FX This research was supported by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) Managed Ecosystems program (2005-35101-16342) and the US National Fire Plan. FS, MJF, and PJ were each supported by a National Science and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant (Canada). We thank Dean Anderson for his role in the collection of field samples. Leah Berkman, Michel Cusson and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on prior versions of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 296 EP 309 DI 10.1111/mec.13025 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AZ2KC UT WOS:000348061600004 PM 25439007 ER PT J AU Gotzek, D Axen, HJ Suarez, AV Cahan, SH Shoemaker, D AF Gotzek, Dietrich Axen, Heather J. Suarez, Andrew V. Cahan, Sara Helms Shoemaker, Dewayne TI Global invasion history of the tropical fire ant: a stowaway on the first global trade routes SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biogeography; fire ant; global trade; invasion biology; Solenopsis geminata ID SOLENOPSIS-GEMINATA HYMENOPTERA; APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; WORLDWIDE SPREAD; DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPES; MICROSATELLITE LOCI AB Biological invasions are largely thought to be contemporary, having recently increased sharply in the wake of globalization. However, human commerce had already become global by the mid-16th century when the Spanish connected the New World with Europe and Asia via their Manila galleon and West Indies trade routes. We use genetic data to trace the global invasion of one of the world's most widespread and invasive pest ants, the tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata. Our results reveal a pattern of introduction of Old World populations that is highly consistent with historical trading routes suggesting that Spanish trade introduced the tropical fire ant to Asia in the 16th century. We identify southwestern Mexico as the most likely source for the invasive populations, which is consistent with the use of Acapulco as the major Spanish port on the Pacific Ocean. From there, the Spanish galleons brought silver to Manila, which served as a hub for trade with China. The genetic data document a corresponding spread of S.geminata from Mexico via Manila to Taiwan and from there, throughout the Old World. Our descriptions of the worldwide spread of S.geminata represent a rare documented case of a biological invasion of a highly invasive and globally distributed pest species due to the earliest stages of global commerce. C1 [Gotzek, Dietrich; Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gotzek, Dietrich; Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gotzek, Dietrich] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Axen, Heather J.; Cahan, Sara Helms] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Shoemaker, Dewayne] USDA ARS, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Gotzek, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM dgotzek@uga.edu FU NSF [DEB 1020979]; USDA APHIS [292 AG 11-8130-0068-CA] FX We thank the following scientists and institutions for generously contributing specimens: B. Hoffman, K.L. Heong and the International Rice Research Institute, S. Hasin, V. Framenau and the Western Australian Museum, W. Tschinkel, J. Longino, S. C-C. Yang, L. van Aesch, D. Cherix, L. Davis, J. Orivel, B. Fisher, E. LeBrun, H. Herrerra, R. Arauco, K. Ross, and the National Museum of Natural History for sharing samples. E. Caroll kindly provided assistance in the laboratory. M. Ciolek pointed out important literature. K. Ross, J. Wetterer and three anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript with helpful comments and discussions. A. V. S. and D.G. gratefully acknowledge financial support from NSF (DEB 1020979) and USDA APHIS (292 AG 11-8130-0068-CA). NR 129 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 84 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 374 EP 388 DI 10.1111/mec.13040 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AZ2KC UT WOS:000348061600009 PM 25496038 ER PT J AU Masler, EP AF Masler, Edward P. TI Protease inhibition by Heterodera glycines cyst content: evidence for effects on the Meloidogyne incognita proteasome SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE caspase-like; catechin; chymotrypsin-like; root-knot nematode; soybean cyst nematode; trypsin-like ID IN-VITRO; GLOBODERA-ROSTOCHIENSIS; 20S PROTEASOME; MECHANISMS; COMPONENTS; PERSPECTIVES; POLYPHENOLS; ACTIVATION; PARASITISM; NEMATODES AB Proteases from Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita juveniles were inhibited by heat-stable content from H. glycines cysts (hHglCE), and by a polyphenol (EGCG) similar to a compound previously identified in Globodera cysts. General protease activities detected using the nematode peptide KSAYMRFa were inhibited by EGCG (IC50 1.19 mM, H. glycines; 0.34 mM, M. incognita) but not by hHglCE. However, hHglCE and EGCG each inhibited proteasome-associated chymotrypsin-like (CT-L) activity. EGCG IC50 values were 0.47 mM (H. glycines) and 0.15 mM (M. incognita). hHglCE IC50 values were 0.16 and 0.005 mM hHglCEeq mu l(-1) for H. glycines and M. incognita, respectively. Across all substrate-inhibitor combinations, M. incognita proteases were inhibited more robustly than those from H. glycines, particularly by hHglCE. In addition to CT-L protease, post-glutamate peptide hydrolysing (PGPH) and trypsin-like (T-L) proteasome proteases were detected in M. incognita, and each of these was also strongly inhibited by hHglCE. hHglCE inhibited CT-L, PGPH and T-L proteases within catalytic subunits from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and human proteasomes. Proteasome inhibitors MG-132 and aclacinomycin A each inhibited M. incognita CT-L and PGPH activities by more than 80% at 20-100 mu M, and hHglCE inhibited the same proteases by 70-80% at 0.04 hHglCEeq mu l(-1). hHglCE completely inhibited M. incognita T-L activity, but CT-L activity in native content from H. glycines cysts was not inhibited. Evidence that H. glycines cysts contain inhibitors of all proteases associated with the proteasome establishes the cyst as an important new target to explore for potential nematode control compounds. In addition, characterisation of protease activities from a core cellular metabolic component using M. incognita is novel for plant-parasitic nematodes. C1 USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM edward.masler@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2015 VL 17 BP 91 EP 102 DI 10.1163/15685411-00002854 PN 1 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ1XW UT WOS:000348029500007 ER PT J AU Richards, GP Watson, MA Needleman, DS Church, KM Hase, CC AF Richards, Gary P. Watson, Michael A. Needleman, David S. Church, Karlee M. Haese, Claudia C. TI Mortalities of Eastern and Pacific Oyster Larvae Caused by the Pathogens Vibrio coralliilyticus and Vibrio tubiashii SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORAL POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; BIVALVE MOLLUSKS; SHELLFISH; MANAGEMENT AB Vibrio tubiashii is reported to be a bacterial pathogen of larval Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and has been associated with major hatchery crashes, causing shortages in seed oysters for commercial shellfish producers. Another bacterium, Vibrio coralliilyticus, a well-known coral pathogen, has recently been shown to elicit mortality in fish and shellfish. Several strains of V. coralliilyticus, such as ATCC 19105 and Pacific isolates RE22 and RE98, were misidentified as V. tubiashii until recently. We compared the mortalities caused by two V. tubiashii and four V. coralliilyticus strains in Eastern and Pacific oyster larvae. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of V. coralliilyticus in Eastern oysters (defined here as the dose required to kill 50% of the population in 6 days) ranged from 1.1 x 10(4) to 3.0 x 10(4) CFU/ml seawater; strains RE98 and RE22 were the most virulent. This study shows that V. coralliilyticus causes mortality in Eastern oyster larvae. Results for Pacific oysters were similar, with LD(50)s between 1.2 x 10(4) and 4.0 x 10(4) CFU/ml. Vibrio tubiashii ATCC 19106 and ATCC 19109 were highly infectious toward Eastern oyster larvae but were essentially nonpathogenic toward healthy Pacific oyster larvae at dosages of > 1.1 x 10(4) CFU/ml. These data, coupled with the fact that several isolates originally thought to be V. tubiashii are actually V. coralliilyticus, suggest that V. coralliilyticus has been a more significant pathogen for larval bivalve shellfish than V. tubiashii, particularly on the U. S. West Coast, contributing to substantial hatchery-associated morbidity and mortality in recent years. C1 [Richards, Gary P.; Watson, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Needleman, David S.] USDA ARS, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Church, Karlee M.] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Aquaculture Innovat Ctr, North Cape May, NJ USA. [Haese, Claudia C.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Richards, GP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM gary.richards@ars.usda.gov FU USDA ARS under CRIS project [1935-42000-065-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA ARS intramural funding under CRIS project 1935-42000-065-00D. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 81 IS 1 BP 292 EP 297 DI 10.1128/AEM.02930-14 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AY1TZ UT WOS:000347376200033 PM 25344234 ER PT J AU Zhao, W Bai, J McCollum, G Baldwin, E AF Zhao, Wei Bai, Jinhe McCollum, Greg Baldwin, Elizabeth TI High Incidence of Preharvest Colonization of Huanglongbing-Symptomatic Citrus sinensis Fruit by Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia natalensis) and Exacerbation of Postharvest Fruit Decay by That Fungus SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER-ASIATICUS; ELICITS ETHYLENE PRODUCTION; MANGO MANGIFERA-INDICA; REAL-TIME PCR; BOTRYODIPLODIA-THEOBROMAE; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES; SPHAEROPSIS-SAPINEA; VALENCIA ORANGE; WOODY-PLANTS AB Huanglongbing (HLB), presumably caused by the bacterium "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus," is a devastating citrus disease associated with excessive preharvest fruit drop. Lasiodiplodia theobromae (diplodia) is the causal organism of citrus stem end rot (SER). The pathogen infects citrus fruit under the calyx abscission zone (AZ-C) and is associated with cell wall hydrolytic enzymes similar to plant enzymes involved in abscission. By means of DNA sequencing, diplodia was found in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-positive juice from HLB-symptomatic fruit (S) but not in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-negative juice. Therefore, the incidence of diplodia in fruit tissues, the impact on HLB-related postharvest decay, and the implications for HLB-related preharvest fruit drop were investigated in Hamlin and Valencia oranges. Quantitative PCR results (qPCR) revealed a significantly (P < 0.001) greater incidence of diplodia in the AZ-C of HLB-symptomatic (S; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" threshold cycle [C-T] of < 30) than in the AZ-C of in asymptomatic (AS; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" C-T of >= 30) fruit. In agreement with the qPCR results, 2 weeks after exposure to ethylene, the incidences of SER in S fruit were 66.7% (Hamlin) and 58.7% (Valencia), whereas for AS fruit the decay rates were 6.7% (Hamlin) and 5.3% (Valencia). Diplodia colonization of S fruit AZ-C was observed by scanning electron microscopy and confirmed by PCR test and morphology of conidia in isolates from the AZ-C after surface sterilization. Diplodia C-T values were negatively correlated with ethylene production (R = -0.838 for Hamlin; R = -0.858 for Valencia) in S fruit, and positively correlated with fruit detachment force (R = 0.855 for Hamlin; R = 0.850 for Valencia), suggesting that diplodia colonization in AZ-C may exacerbate HLB-associated preharvest fruit drop. C1 [Zhao, Wei; Bai, Jinhe; McCollum, Greg; Baldwin, Elizabeth] USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 81 IS 1 BP 364 EP 372 DI 10.1128/AEM.02972-14 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AY1TZ UT WOS:000347376200040 PM 25344245 ER PT J AU Bonifacio, HF Maghirang, RG Trabue, SL McConnell, LL Prueger, JH Bonifacio, ER AF Bonifacio, Henry F. Maghirang, Ronaldo G. Trabue, Steven L. McConnell, Laura L. Prueger, John H. Bonifacio, Edna R. TI TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 emissions from a beef cattle feedlot using the flux-gradient technique SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Particulate matter emission fluxes; Flux-gradient technique; Total suspended particulates; PM10; PM2.5; Cattle feedlots ID PARTICLE-SIZE; AIR EMISSIONS; AMMONIA; KANSAS AB Emissions data on air pollutants from large open-lot beef cattle feedlots are limited. This research was conducted to determine emissions of total suspended particulates (TSP) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) from a commercial beef cattle feedlot in Kansas (USA). Vertical particulate concentration profiles at the feedlot were measured using gravimetric samplers, and micrometeorological parameters were monitored with eddy covariance instrumentation during the nine 4- to 5-day intensive sampling campaigns from May 2010 through September 2011. Emission fluxes were determined from the measured concentration gradients and meteorological parameters using the flux-gradient technique. PM ratios based on calculated emission fluxes were 0.28 for PM2.5/PM10, 0.12 for PM2.5/TSP, and 0.24 for PM10/TSP, indicating that a large fraction of the PM emitted at the studied feedlot was in the coarse range of aerodynamic diameter, >10 mu m. Median daily emission factors were 57, 21, and 11 kg 1000-head (hd)(-1) d(-1) for TSP (n = 20 days), PM10 (n = 19 days), and PM2.5 (n = 11 days), respectively. Cattle pen surface moisture contents of at least 20-30% significantly reduced both TSP and PM10 emissions, but moisture's effect on PM2.5 emissions was not established due to difficulty in measuring PM2.5 concentrations under low-PM conditions. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bonifacio, Henry F.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Maghirang, Ronaldo G.; Bonifacio, Edna R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Trabue, Steven L.; Prueger, John H.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McConnell, Laura L.] Bayer Crop Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Maghirang, RG (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Seaton Hall 159, Manhattan, KS 66056 USA. EM rmaghir@k-state.edu OI Trabue, Steven/0000-0002-4584-5790 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2009-35112-3544]; USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) FX This study was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) (Project No. 2009-35112-3544), and USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS). Technical assistance provided by Darrell Oard and Howell Gonzales of Kansas State University; Dr. Li Guo, Dr. Orlando Aguilar, and Curtis Leiker, formerly of Kansas State University; Dr. Kenwood Scoggin of USDA ARS, Ames, Iowa; and Dr. Bernardo Predicala of Prairie Swine Centre Inc., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada is acknowledged. Cooperation of feedlot operators and KLA Environmental Services, Inc. is also acknowledged. This is contribution number 14-380-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 101 BP 49 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.017 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AZ1SB UT WOS:000348017000006 ER PT J AU Clow, DW Roop, HA Nanus, L Fenn, ME Sexstone, GA AF Clow, David W. Roop, Heidi A. Nanus, Leora Fenn, Mark E. Sexstone, Graham A. TI Spatial patterns of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur using ion-exchange resin collectors in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen; Sulfur; Deposition; Isotopes; Ion-exchange; Park ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; CRITICAL LOADS; UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; WET-DEPOSITION; NITRATE; ECOSYSTEMS; SNOWPACK AB Lakes and streams in Class 1 wilderness areas in the western United States (U.S.) are at risk from atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), and protection of these resources is mandated under the Federal Clean Air Act and amendments. Assessment of critical loads, which are the maximum exposure to pollution an area can receive without adverse effects on sensitive ecosystems, requires accurate deposition estimates. However, deposition is difficult and expensive to measure in high-elevation wilderness, and spatial patterns in N and S deposition in these areas remain poorly quantified. In this study, ion-exchange resin (IER) collectors were used to measure dissolved inorganic N (DIN) and S deposition during June 2006 September 2007 at approximately 20 alpine/subalpine sites spanning the Continental Divide in Rocky Mountain National Park. Results indicated good agreement between deposition estimated from IER collectors and commonly used wet dry methods during summer, but poor agreement during winter. Snowpack sampling was found to be a more accurate way of quantifying DIN and S deposition during winter. Summer DIN deposition was significantly greater on the east side of the park than on the west side (25-50%; p <= 0.03), consistent with transport of pollutants to the park from urban and agricultural areas to the east. Sources of atmospheric nitrate (NO3-) were examined using N isotopes. The average delta N-15 of NO3- from IER collectors was 3.5 parts per thousand higher during winter than during summer (p < 0.001), indicating a seasonal shift in the relative importance of regional NOx sources, such as coal combustion and vehicular sources of atmospheric NO3-. There were no significant differences in delta N-15 of NO3- between east and west sides of the park during summer or winter (p = 0.83), indicating that the two areas may have similar sources of atmospheric NO3-. Results from this study indicate that a combination of IER collectors and snowpack sampling can be used to characterize spatial variability in DIN and S deposition in high-elevation wilderness areas. These data can improve our ability to model critical loads by filling gaps in geographic coverage of deposition monitoring/modeling programs and thus may enable policy makers to better protect sensitive natural resources in Class 1 Wilderness areas. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Clow, David W.; Roop, Heidi A.; Sexstone, Graham A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Roop, Heidi A.] GNS Sci, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand. [Nanus, Leora] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Clow, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 415, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. EM dwclow@usgs.gov RI Sexstone, Graham/L-2346-2016; OI Sexstone, Graham/0000-0001-8913-0546; Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824 FU National Park Service; U.S. Geological Survey's Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets program FX Funding for this work was provided by the National Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey's Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets program. Numerous individuals contributed help in the field and laboratory, and their assistance is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank Greg Wetherbee and two anonymous reviewers, who provided helpful suggestions on the manuscript. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 101 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.027 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AZ1SB UT WOS:000348017000016 ER PT J AU Melendez-Gonzalez, C Muria-Gonzalez, MJ Anaya, AL Hernandez-Bautista, BE Hernandez-Ortega, S Gonzalez, MC Glenn, AE Hanlin, RT Macias-Rubalcava, ML AF Melendez-Gonzalez, Claudio Jordi Muria-Gonzalez, M. Luisa Anaya, Ana Hernandez-Bautista, Blanca E. Hernandez-Ortega, Simon Gonzalez, Maria C. Glenn, Anthony E. Hanlin, Richard T. Macias-Rubalcava, Martha L. TI Acremoxanthone E, a Novel Member of Heterodimeric Polyketides with a Bicyclo[3.2.2]nonene Ring, Produced by Acremonium camptosporum W. GAMS (Clavicipitaceae) Endophytic Fungus SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article ID MUSCODOR-YUCATANENSIS; BURSERA-SIMARUBA; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; HUMICOLA SP; XANTHOQUINODINS; DIVERSITY AB Bioactivity-directed fractionation of the organic mycelium extract of the endophytic fungus Acremonium camptosporum W. GAMS (Clavicipitaceae), isolated from the leaves of Bursera simaruba (Burseraceae), led to the isolation of six major heterodimeric polyketides, including one not previously characterized acremoxanthone derivative. In addition, the already known acremoxanthone C, acremonidins A and B, and acremoxanthones A and B were obtained. The structure of the new compound was established by extensive NMR studies, including DEPT, COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC methods. The trivial name proposed for this compound is acremoxanthone E. In addition, the structure of acremoxanthone C was unequivocally established for the first time, through X-ray crystal-structure analysis. The anti-oomycete activities of the pure compounds were tested against four economically important phytopathogenic oomycetes. Inhibitory concentration for 50% diameter growth reduction, IC50, values for the four phytopathogens ranged from 6 to 38 mu M. Also, in parallel, the cytotoxic activities against six cancer cell lines were evaluated showing IC50 values similar to those of cisplatin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on three different groups of heterodimeric polyketides, linked by a bicyclo[3.2.2]nonene, such as xanthoquinodins, acremonidins, and acremoxanthones, which are isolated from an endophytic fungus. In addition, a common biosynthetic origin could be proposed. C1 [Melendez-Gonzalez, Claudio; Jordi Muria-Gonzalez, M.; Macias-Rubalcava, Martha L.] Inst Quim, Dept Prod Nat, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico. [Luisa Anaya, Ana; Hernandez-Bautista, Blanca E.] UNAM, Inst Ecol, Dept Ecol Func, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico. [Hernandez-Ortega, Simon] UNAM, Lab Rayos 10, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico. [Gonzalez, Maria C.] UNAM, Lab Micromicetos, Dept Bot, Inst Biol, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico. [Glenn, Anthony E.] ARS, USDA, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Hanlin, Richard T.] Univ Georgia, Museum Nat Hist Annex, Bogart, GA 30622 USA. RP Macias-Rubalcava, ML (reprint author), Inst Quim, Dept Prod Nat, Ciudad Univ, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico. EM mlmacias@unam.mx OI Muria-Gonzalez, Mariano Jordi/0000-0002-0598-9626; Hernandez-Ortega, Simon/0000-0002-1034-5673 FU DGAPA-UNAM [IN217603]; CONACyT; [CONACyT 81017]; [179194] FX This work was supported by grant CONACyT 81017 and 179194 and DGAPA-UNAM (IN217603). We wish to thank Dra. Bertha Tlapal Bolanos and Dra. Olga Gomez from Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Estado de Mexico, for the donation of plant-pathogenic microorganism used in the bioassays. We are also grateful to Hector Rios, Beatriz Quiroz, Isabel Chavez, Elizabeth Huerta, Ma. de los Angeles Pena, Luis Velasco-Ibarra, Javier Perez Flores, Rocio Patino, Erendira Garcia, and Ma. Teresa Ramirez Apan. Instituto de Qumica, UNAM, for recording NMR, IR, UV, and mass spectra and cytotoxicity determinations. Claudio Melendez and Jordi M. Muria acknowledge a fellowship from CONACyT to carry out graduate studies. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1612-1872 EI 1612-1880 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 12 IS 1 BP 133 EP 147 DI 10.1002/cbdv.201300370 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AY8YS UT WOS:000347837200006 PM 25641841 ER PT J AU Lee, K Gu, GH Mullen, CA Boateng, AA Vlachos, DG AF Lee, Kyungtae Gu, Geun Ho Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. Vlachos, Dionisios G. TI Guaiacol Hydrodeoxygenation Mechanism on Pt(111): Insights from Density Functional Theory and Linear Free Energy Relations SO CHEMSUSCHEM LA English DT Article DE biomass; DFT; guaiacol; hydrodeoxygenation; platinum ID REACTION NETWORK GENERATION; BRONSTED-EVANS-POLANYI; WAVE BASIS-SET; BIO-OIL; CATALYTIC CONVERSION; FAST PYROLYSIS; AQUEOUS-PHASE; CHEMICALS; BIOMASS; LIGNIN AB Density functional theory is used to study the adsorption of guaiacol and its initial hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reactions on Pt(111). Previous Bronsted-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) correlations for small open-chain molecules are inadequate in estimating the reaction barriers of phenolic compounds except for the side group (methoxy) carbon-dehydrogenation. New BEP relations are established using a select group of phenolic compounds. These relations are applied to construct a potential-energy surface of guaiacol-HDO to catechol. Analysis shows that catechol is mainly produced via dehydrogenation of the methoxy functional group followed by the CHx (x < 3) removal of the functional group and hydrogenation of the ring carbon, in contrast to a hypothesis of a direct demethylation path. Dehydroxylation and demethoxylation are slow, implying that phenol is likely produced from catechol but not through its direct dehydroxylation followed by aromatic carbon-ring hydrogenation. C1 [Lee, Kyungtae; Gu, Geun Ho; Vlachos, Dionisios G.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Catalysis Ctr Energy Innovat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Lee, K (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Catalysis Ctr Energy Innovat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM vlachos@udel.edu OI Vlachos, Dionisios/0000-0002-6795-8403 FU USDA-NIFA-BRDI [2012-10008-20271] FX K.L. performed most of the DFT calculations and wrote up the paper. G.H.G. assisted with computing some of the transition states and refining some of the calculations. D.G.V. conceptualized this research and advised the research direction and the paper writing. We would like to thank Vassili Vorotnikov for useful discussions. The DFT work of K. L. and G. H. G. was supported by the USDA-NIFA-BRDI grant 2012-10008-20271 and the BEP development of K. L. was supported by the US Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's Bioenergy Technologies Office with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PPNL is operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy. DFT calculations were carried out in part using the Tera-Grid resources provided by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) of the University of Texas at Austin and using the resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). NR 53 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 12 U2 68 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1864-5631 EI 1864-564X J9 CHEMSUSCHEM JI ChemSusChem PD JAN PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 BP 315 EP 322 DI 10.1002/cssc.201402940 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AY9BE UT WOS:000347843800014 PM 25470789 ER PT J AU Chendev, YG Sauer, TJ Gennadiev, AN Novykh, LL Petin, AN Petina, VI Zazdravnykh, EA Burras, CL AF Chendev, Yu G. Sauer, T. J. Gennadiev, A. N. Novykh, L. L. Petin, A. N. Petina, V. I. Zazdravnykh, E. A. Burras, C. L. TI Accumulation of organic carbon in chernozems (Mollisols) under shelterbelts in Russia and the United States SO EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE agroforest reclamation; climate change; northern continents; forest steppe; soil organic carbon ID WINDBREAKS; STEPPE; SOILS AB Shelterbelts that were created in place of meadow and meadow-steppe landscapes of the forest-steppe zone of northern continents serve as areas of carbon accumulation and participate in the formation of soil organic matter. In the Great Plains of the United States (in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska) and on the Central Russian Upland (Belgorod, Voronezh, and Kursk oblasts), a general tendency toward an increase in the C-org pool in the topsoil (0-30 cm) from the marginal parts of the shelterbelts toward their central parts by about 3.5-10.0 t per each 10 m has been identified. In 55 years of the existence of shelterbelts on chernozems in the European part of Russia, the mean annual rate of the organic carbon accumulation in the upper meter has been varying within 0.7-1.5 t/ha. In 19 years of the existence of a shelterbelt in the area of Huron (South Dakota), the mean annual rate of the organic carbon accumulation in the 1-m-thick layer of the Bonilla soil series (Haplustolls) has reached 1.9 t/ha. C1 [Chendev, Yu G.; Novykh, L. L.; Petin, A. N.; Petina, V. I.; Zazdravnykh, E. A.] Belgorod Natl Res Univ, Belgorod 308015, Russia. [Sauer, T. J.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gennadiev, A. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Geog, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Burras, C. L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Chendev, YG (reprint author), Belgorod Natl Res Univ, Ul Pobedy 85, Belgorod 308015, Russia. EM Chendev@bsu.edu.ru; Tom.sauer@ars.usda.gov; lburras@iastate.edu FU CRDF [RUG1-7024-BL-11]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-05-92500-AFGIR-E_a, 12-05-97512-p_center_a] FX This study was supported by the CRDF grant no. RUG1-7024-BL-11 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project nos. 11-05-92500-AFGIR-E_a and 12-05-97512-p_center_a). NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 16 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1064-2293 EI 1556-195X J9 EURASIAN SOIL SCI+ JI Eurasian Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 48 IS 1 BP 43 EP 53 DI 10.1134/S1064229315010032 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AY4DJ UT WOS:000347528100004 ER PT J AU Prestemon, JP AF Prestemon, Jeffrey P. TI The impacts of the Lacey Act Amendment of 2008 on US hardwood lumber and hardwood plywood imports SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Illegal logging; International trade; Wood products; Timber; Intervention model; Cointegration ID FOREST PRODUCT EXPORTS; UNITED-STATES; EXCHANGE-RATES; NATURAL CATASTROPHE; TIME-SERIES; PANEL-DATA; PRICE; COINTEGRATION; TRADE; DYNAMICS AB The Lacey Act of 1900 was amended on May 22, 2008, to prohibit the import of illegally sourced plant materials and products manufactured from them into the United States and its territories, and to similarly ban their interstate transport. Trade theory suggests that the effect of the new law would be to reduce the flow of illegally sourced fiber into the United States, increasing prices. Monthly U.S. import data on tropical lumber (January 1989-June 2013) and hardwood plywood (January 1996-June 2013) quantity and unit value were used to estimate alternative statistical models that quantify the impact of the 2008 Lacey Act Amendment on import prices and import quantities of products from potential source countries. Results show that the Amendment's quantity effects are generally negative and double in magnitude in percentage terms than the price effects, consistent with expectations of the effects of a backwards shift in foreign supply against an elastic import demand. Models indicate that there have been double-digit percentage increases in prices and decreases in quantities of tropical lumber imports from Bolivia, Brazil, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Peru. Similarly large changes in hardwood plywood import prices and quantities from Brazil, Indonesia, and Malaysia have occurred, while smaller, and in some cases statistically insignificant, changes have been observed for hardwood plywood imports from China, Ecuador, and Taiwan. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Prestemon, JP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, POB 12254, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jprestemon@fs.fed.us NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 EI 1872-7050 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 BP 31 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2014.10.002 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7UB UT WOS:000347763100004 ER PT J AU Pugliese, A McCann, L Artz, G AF Pugliese, Andrew McCann, Laura Artz, Georgeanne TI Impacts of national forests in the West on county population and employment SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Employment; Forestry; National forests; Regional development ID UNITED-STATES; GROWTH; LAND AB This study seeks to understand the manner and extent to which western national forests influence an area's overall population and employment growth by evaluating changes in management emphasis from single to multiple uses. The Carlino and Mills model was used to examine county level data from 12 western states over the period 1977-2010. Changes in timber sales and the amount of land owned by the Forest Service were not found to be significantly related to employment growth. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pugliese, Andrew] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [McCann, Laura] Univ Missouri, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Artz, Georgeanne] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP McCann, L (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, 212 Mumford Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM andrewppugliese@gmail.com; McCannL@missouri.edu; gartz@iastate.edu NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 EI 1872-7050 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 BP 62 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2014.08.002 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7UB UT WOS:000347763100007 ER PT J AU Thompson, MP Haas, JR Finney, MA Calkin, DE Hand, MS Browne, MJ Halek, M Short, KC Grenfell, IC AF Thompson, Matthew P. Haas, Jessica R. Finney, Mark A. Calkin, David E. Hand, Michael S. Browne, Mark J. Halek, Martin Short, Karen C. Grenfell, Isaac C. TI Development and application of a probabilistic method for wildfire suppression cost modeling SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Fire economics and policy; Financial risk; Actuarial science; Incentives; Performance measurement ID DECISION-MAKING; UNITED-STATES; WILDLAND; RISK; MANAGEMENT; FORECASTS; EXPENDITURES; CALIFORNIA; SUPPORT AB Wildfire activity and escalating suppression costs continue to threaten the financial health of federal land management agencies. In order to minimize and effectively manage the cost of financial risk, agencies need the ability to quantify that risk. A fundamental aim of this research effort, therefore, is to develop a process for generating risk-based metrics for annual suppression costs. Our modeling process borrows from actuarial science and the process of assigning insurance premiums based on distributions for the frequency and magnitude of claims, generating parameterized probability distributions for fire occurrence and fire cost. A compound model of annual suppression costs is built from the coupling of a wildfire simulation model and a suppression cost model. We present cost modeling results for a set of high cost National Forests, with results indicating variation in expected costs due to variation in factors driving financial risk. We describe how our probabilistic cost models can be used for a variety of applications, in the process furthering the Forest Service's movement towards increased adoption of risk management principles for wildfire management. We review potential strengths and limitations of the cost modeling process, and conclude by discussing policy implications and research needs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Thompson, Matthew P.; Haas, Jessica R.; Calkin, David E.; Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Finney, Mark A.; Short, Karen C.; Grenfell, Isaac C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Browne, Mark J.] St Johns Univ, Sch Risk Management Insurance & Actuarial Sci, New York, NY 10007 USA. [Halek, Martin] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Actuarial Sci Risk Management & Insurance, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Thompson, MP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 200 E Broadway, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM mpthompson02@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Decision Support Center; Rocky Mountain Research Station FX The National Fire Decision Support Center and the Rocky Mountain Research Station supported this effort. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 EI 1872-7050 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 BP 249 EP 258 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2014.10.001 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7UB UT WOS:000347763100027 ER PT J AU Salgado-Salazar, C Rossman, AY Samuels, GJ Hirooka, Y Sanchez, RM Chaverri, P AF Salgado-Salazar, Catalina Rossman, Amy Y. Samuels, Gary J. Hirooka, Yuuri Sanchez, Romina M. Chaverri, Priscila TI Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Thelonectria discophora (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) species complex SO FUNGAL DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE New species; Rubus canker; Species concept; Taxonomy ID ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; MIXED MODELS; FUNGI; CYLINDROCARPON; COSMOPOLITAN; NEONECTRIA; RECOGNITION; SPECIATION; DISPERSAL; INFERENCE AB Specimens regarded as Thelonectria discophora (Thelonectria, Nectriaceae, Hypocreales) constitute a conspicuous group of saprobic fungi on decaying plant material, characterized by red perithecia each with a broad mammiform (nipple-like) apex. The asexual state is characterized by a cylindrocarpon-like morphology, with 3-5 septate macroconidia, unicellular microconidia and chlamydospores that are rarely produced in culture. In the past, T. discophora was regarded as one species with a wide geographic distribution. However, a recent study rejected the monophyly and cosmopolitan distribution of this species, and showed the existence of at least 16 cryptic species distributed in three main groups. By combining the results of phylogenetic analyses of six nuclear loci and morphological studies, we revised the taxonomy of the T. discophora species complex, resulting in the description of 12 new species and four new combinations based on historic names. Even though molecular phylogenetic analyses strongly support the segregation of these species, and are in agreement with previous studies, individual diagnostic morphological characters for each species could not be identified. However, discrete morphological traits corresponding to each of the three main groups of species were discovered. Lineages could be differentiated based on the average values of morphological traits as well as the presence/absence of characteristic asexual propagules and colony growth at 30C. Descriptions, illustrations are provided for the recognized species. C1 [Salgado-Salazar, Catalina; Chaverri, Priscila] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rossman, Amy Y.; Samuels, Gary J.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hirooka, Yuuri] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Sanchez, Romina M.] Univ Nacl Sur, Ctr Recursos Renovables Zona Semiarida, Cerzos Conicet, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Chaverri, Priscila] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. RP Salgado-Salazar, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, 2112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM salgadoc@umd.edu OI Salgado Salazar, Catalina/0000-0002-4156-692X FU United States National Science Foundation (PEET program) [DEB-0925696] FX This study was funded by a grant from United States National Science Foundation (PEET program) DEB-0925696: "Monographic Studies in the Nectriaceae, Hypocreales: Nectria, Cosmospora, and Neonectria" to University of Maryland (P. Chaverri, G.J. Samuels & A.Y. Rossman). Special thanks to Christian Feuillet for helping with Latin names. We are indebted to the Genetic Resources Collection at CABI UK for providing various cultures, Dr. Carlos Mendez (University of Costa Rica) for providing transportation during collecting trips in Costa Rica, Dr. Andrea Romero for her invaluable help during fieldwork in Argentina, Dr. Teresa Iturriaga for collaborating and organizing the collecting trip in Venezuela, Dr. Margaret Dick for providing specimens from New Zealand, Andres de Errasti for providing the specimen and culture from Chile, and Dr. Guu for providing specimens and cultures from Taiwan. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1560-2745 EI 1878-9129 J9 FUNGAL DIVERS JI Fungal Divers. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 70 IS 1 BP 1 EP 29 DI 10.1007/s13225-014-0280-y PG 29 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AZ0TH UT WOS:000347957000001 ER PT J AU Campbell, BW Mani, D Curtin, SJ Slattery, RA Michno, JM Ort, DR Schaus, PJ Palmer, RG Orf, JH Stupar, RM AF Campbell, Benjamin W. Mani, Dhananjay Curtin, Shaun J. Slattery, Rebecca A. Michno, Jean-Michel Ort, Donald R. Schaus, Philip J. Palmer, Reid G. Orf, James H. Stupar, Robert M. TI Identical Substitutions in Magnesium Chelatase Paralogs Result in Chlorophyll-Deficient Soybean Mutants SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE soybean; photosynthesis; chlorophyll; paralog; duplication ID BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; MG-CHELATASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GOLDENGATE ASSAY; GLYCINE-MAX; GENE; SUBUNIT; PROTEIN; GENOME; RESISTANCE AB The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] chlorophyll-deficient line MinnGold is a spontaneous mutant characterized by yellow foliage. Map-based cloning and transgenic complementation revealed that the mutant phenotype is caused by a nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution in the third exon of a Mg-chelatase subunit gene (Chil1a) on chromosome 13. This gene was selected as a candidate for a different yellow foliage mutant, T219H (Y11y11), that had been previously mapped to chromosome 13. Although the phenotypes of MinnGold and T219H are clearly distinct, sequencing of Chil1a in T219H identified a different nonsynonymous mutation in the third exon, only six base pairs from the MinnGold mutation. This information, along with previously published allelic tests, were used to identify and clone a third yellow foliage mutation, CD-5, which was previously mapped to chromosome 15. This mutation was identified in the Chil1b gene, a paralog of Chil1a. Sequencing of the Chil1b allele in CD-5 identified a nonsynonymous substitution in the third exon that confers an identical amino acid change as the T219H substitution at Chil1a. Protein sequence alignments of the two Mg-chelatase subunits indicated that the sites of amino acid modification in MinnGold, T219H, and CD-5 are highly conserved among photosynthetic species. These results suggest that amino acid alterations in this critical domain may create competitive inhibitory interactions between the mutant and wild-type Chil1a and Chil1b proteins. C1 [Campbell, Benjamin W.; Mani, Dhananjay; Curtin, Shaun J.; Michno, Jean-Michel; Schaus, Philip J.; Orf, James H.; Stupar, Robert M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Slattery, Rebecca A.; Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ort, Donald R.] ARS, USDA, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Palmer, Reid G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Stupar, RM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,411 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rstupar@umn.edu FU Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council [22-13C]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [NSF 00039202] FX The authors are grateful to Adrian Stec for performing the Southern Blot analysis. This work was supported by the Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council (project #22-13C). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. (NSF 00039202) awarded to B.W.C. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 5 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1534/g3.114.015255 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AY8TP UT WOS:000347826600013 ER PT J AU Compton, DL Laszlo, JA Evans, KO AF Compton, David L. Laszlo, Joseph A. Evans, Kervin O. TI Phenylpropanoid esters of lesquerella and castor oil SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Castor oil; Esterification; Ferulic acid; Feruloyl acylglycerol; Lesquerella oil ID TRIGLYCERIDE ESTOLIDES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; VEGETABLE-OILS; ACID; SUNSCREEN; CHAIN AB Lesquerella (LO) and castor oil (CO) were esterified at the secondary hydroxyl groups of their 14-hydroxyeicos-cis-11-enoic fatty acids and 12-hydroxyoctadec-cis-9-enoic fatty acids, respectively, with 4-acetoxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (acetoxyferulic acid). The unconventional esterifications were conducted under inert nitrogen atmospheres without solvent at 175-200 degrees C in sealed ampules. H-1 NMR was used to measure the degree of acetoxyferuloyl esterification using a modified esterification number (EN). Reactions at 200 degrees C resulted in similar to 43% conversions to the acetoxyferuloylated LO and CO but promoted significant degradation/loss of the acetoxyferulic acid as evidenced by the low quantity of acetoxyferulic acid found in the reaction products as determined by HPLC. Reactions at 175 degrees C resulted in significantly lower conversions to the acetoxyferuloylated LO and CO, 9-17%, but did not result in as severe acetoxyferulic acid degradation. The addition of tin (II) 2-ethylhexanoate catalyst to the 175 degrees C reactions increased esterification conversion to similar to 45% without significant loss of acetoxyferulic acid to degradation. The aromatic acetate of the acetoxyferuloylated LO and CO was selectively deacylated using excess pyrrolidine without affecting the aliphatic esters to give feruloylated LO and CO. The feruloylated LO and CO absorbed ultraviolet (UV) radiation from 280 to 360 nm with a lambda(max) at 327 nm, bridging the absorbance gap of commercial UV absorbing ingredients. The feruloylated LO and CO are also presumably good antioxidants and are potential candidates for incorporation into lipid bilayers to protect liposomes and their contents from reactive oxygen species. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Compton, David L.; Laszlo, Joseph A.; Evans, Kervin O.] USDA ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Compton, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.compton@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 63 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.10.030 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AY3QZ UT WOS:000347499000002 ER PT J AU Sintim, HY Burkhardt, A Gawde, A Cantrell, CL Astatkie, T Obour, AE Zheljazkov, VD Schlegel, V AF Sintim, Henry Y. Burkhardt, Andrew Gawde, Archana Cantrell, Charles L. Astatkie, Tess Obour, Augustine E. Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Schlegel, Vicki TI Hydrodistillation time affects dill seed essential oil yield, composition, and bioactivity SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID ANETHUM-GRAVEOLENS L.; DISTILLATION TIME; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; D-LIMONENE; QUALITY; ANTIOXIDANTS; CAPACITY; CARVONE; CULTIVARS; CARAWAY AB Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) essential oil is widely used by the food and pharmaceutical industries. We hypothesized that the chemical constituents of dill seed essential oil are eluted at different times during the hydrodistillation process, resulting in oils with different composition and bioactivity. Dill oil was collected at different hydrodistillation times (HDT, 2, 7, 15, 30, 45, 75, 105, 135, 165, and 195 min). The control was a non-stop HDT of 195 min. Most of the D-limonene and p-cymenene were eluted during the initial time frames (0-2 and 2-7 min HDT). Most of the carvone and most of the apiole were eluted during the 45-75 min. Most of the trans-dihydrocarvone was eluted during 7-45 min, most of the cis-dihydrocarvone was eluted during 45-165 min HDT. The oil collected at 2 min had the highest antioxidant activity (21.8 mu mole Trolox equivalents/g). The regression models developed in this study can be used to predict the composition of dill seed oil eluted at different times and to compare literature reports. The results may assist the essential oil industry to optimize HDT of dill seed and to obtain dill oil with differential compositions and potentially diverse uses from the same batch of seed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sintim, Henry Y.; Burkhardt, Andrew; Gawde, Archana; Obour, Augustine E.; Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Plant Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Sintim, Henry Y.; Burkhardt, Andrew; Gawde, Archana; Obour, Augustine E.; Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Sheridan Res & Ext Ctr, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Gawde, Archana; Cantrell, Charles L.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. [Obour, Augustine E.] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Schlegel, Vicki] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Plant Sci, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM valtcho.pubs@gmail.com RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012; OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789; Obour, Augustine/0000-0002-0660-8020; Gawde, Archana/0000-0002-6495-3850 FU Department of Plant Science funds and the Outreach School of the University of Wyoming FX This research was supported in part by Department of Plant Science funds and the Outreach School of the University of Wyoming awarded to Dr. V.D. Zheljazkov (Jeliazkov). NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 63 BP 190 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.09.058 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AY3QZ UT WOS:000347499000028 ER PT J AU Bunphan, D Jaisil, P Sanitchon, J Knoll, JE Anderson, WF AF Bunphan, Darika Jaisil, Prasit Sanitchon, Jirawat Knoll, Joseph E. Anderson, William F. TI Estimation methods and parameter assessment for ethanol yields from total soluble solids of sweet sorghum SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Sugar content; Sucrose content; Brix value; Bio-ethanol; Fermentable sugar ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; SUGAR-RELATED TRAITS; IMMOBILIZED YEAST; GENETIC DIVERSITY; STALK JUICE; CLARIFICATION; FERMENTATION; ACCUMULATION; POPULATION; FEEDSTOCKS AB Estimation methods and evaluation of ethanol yield from sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) based on agronomic production traits and juice characteristics is important for developing parents and inbred lines of sweet sorghum that can be used by the bio-ethanol industry. The objectives of this study were to compare published indirect methods for the calculation of ethanol yields from sweet sorghum and test them against direct ethanol production in laboratory, as well as to determine the relationships among total soluble sugar and juice traits with ethanol concentrations over time. Four sorghum varieties (KKU40, Theis, BJ248 and SPV1411) were compared for juice characters and ethanol yield in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Agronomic and juice traits of sweet sorghum were recorded during flowering and at harvest. Juice of sweet sorghum was fermented by yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to obtain ethanol yields in the laboratory, which were then compared with ethanol yields calculated based upon five calculation methods from the literature. Ethanol yield estimates calculated from published methods were generally higher than laboratory values. However, estimates based upon Somani and Taylor (2003) and on Smith et al. (1987) when multiplying theoretical yields by 80% were not significantly different from laboratory results. Though ethanol yield are strongly correlated with sugar yields, juice traits influenced the rate of fermentation of sugars over time. For example, glucose, fructose and nitrogen content in the juice had a positive effect on ethanol concentration after 12 h of fermentation while multiple juice traits were significantly associated with ethanol concentrations after 24,36 and 48 h of fermentation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bunphan, Darika; Jaisil, Prasit; Sanitchon, Jirawat] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Plant Breeding Res Ctr Sustainable Agr, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Bunphan, Darika; Jaisil, Prasit; Sanitchon, Jirawat] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Knoll, Joseph E.; Anderson, William F.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Anderson, WF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM bill.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 63 BP 349 EP 356 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.10.007 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AY3QZ UT WOS:000347499000047 ER PT J AU Sadler, EJ Lerch, RN Kitchen, NR Anderson, SH Baffaut, C Sudduth, KA Prato, AA Kremer, RJ Vories, ED Myers, DB Broz, R Miles, RJ Young, FJ AF Sadler, E. John Lerch, Robert N. Kitchen, Newell R. Anderson, Stephen H. Baffaut, Claire Sudduth, Kenneth A. Prato, Anthony A. Kremer, Robert J. Vories, Earl D. Myers, D. Brent Broz, Robert Miles, Randall J. Young, Fred J. TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Introduction, Establishment, and Overview SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; WATER-QUALITY RESEARCH; AGRICULTURAL-RESEARCH; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEM; OKLAHOMA; TEXAS; USA AB Many challenges currently facing agriculture require long-term data on landscape-scale hydrologic responses to weather, such as from the Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW), located in northeastern Missouri, USA. This watershed is prone to surface runoff despite shallow slopes, as a result of a significant smectitic clay layer 30 to 50 cm deep that restricts downward flow of water and gives rise to a periodic perched water table. This paper is the first in a series that documents the database developed from GCEW. The objectives of this paper are to (i) establish the context of long-term data and the federal infrastructure that provides it, (ii) describe the GCEW/Central Mississippi River Basin (CMRB) establishment and the geophysical and anthropogenic context, (iii) summarize in brief the collected research results published using data from within GCEW, (iv) describe the series of papers this work introduces, and (v) identify knowledge gaps and research needs. The rationale for the collection derives from converging trends in data from long-term research, integration of multiple disciplines, and increasing public awareness of increasingly larger problems. The outcome of those trends includes being selected as the CMRB site in the USDA-ARS Long-Term Agro-Ecosystem Research (LTAR) network. Research needs include quantifying watershed scale fluxes of N, P, K, sediment, and energy, accounting for fluxes involving forest, livestock, and anthropogenic sources, scaling from near-term point-scale results to increasingly long and broad scales, and considering whole-system interactions. This special section informs the scientific community about this database and provides support for its future use in research to solve natural resource problems important to US agricultural, environmental, and science policy. C1 [Sadler, E. John; Lerch, Robert N.; Kitchen, Newell R.; Baffaut, Claire; Sudduth, Kenneth A.; Kremer, Robert J.; Vories, Earl D.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Anderson, Stephen H.; Miles, Randall J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Prato, Anthony A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Myers, D. Brent] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Broz, Robert] Univ Missouri, MU Extens, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Young, Fred J.] NRCS, USDA, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. RP Sadler, EJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM John.Sadler@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.11.0481 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100002 PM 25602315 ER PT J AU Sadler, EJ Sudduth, KA Drummond, ST Vories, ED Guinan, PE AF Sadler, E. John Sudduth, Kenneth A. Drummond, Scott T. Vories, Earl D. Guinan, Patrick E. TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed Weather Data SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID CLAYPAN SOILS; MODEL; MANAGEMENT; CALIBRATION; LANDSCAPES; EXTENDER; YIELD AB Knowledge of weather, particularly precipitation, is fundamental to interpreting watershed and hydrologic processes. The long-term weather record in the Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW) complements hydrologic and water quality data in the region. The GCEW also is the core of the Central Mississippi River Basin (CMRB) node of the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research network. Our objectives are to (i) describe the climatological context of the GCEW and CMRB settings, (ii) document instrumentation and the data collection, quality assurance, and reduction processes; (iii) provide examples of the data obtained and descriptive statistics; and (iv) document the availability of and access methods to obtain the data from the web-based data access portal at http://www.nrrig.mwa.ars. usda.gov/stewards/stewards.html. These objectives support an overall goal to make these long-term data available to the public for use in further analyses and modeling in support of research and public policy on watershed management. C1 [Sadler, E. John; Sudduth, Kenneth A.; Drummond, Scott T.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Vories, Earl D.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit,TE Jake Fishe, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Guinan, Patrick E.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Sadler, EJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM John.Sadler@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 13 EP 17 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.12.0515 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100003 PM 25602316 ER PT J AU Baffaut, C Sadler, EJ Ghidey, F AF Baffaut, Claire Sadler, E. John Ghidey, Fessehaie TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed Flow Data SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID DEEP-LOESS SOILS; HERBICIDE TRANSPORT; MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; QUALITY; MISSOURI; ATRAZINE; NITRATE; IMPACT; AREAS; PLOTS AB Flow monitoring in Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed started in 1971 at three nested watersheds ranging from 12 to 73 km(2). Since then, runoff or stream flow has been measured at 14 plots, three fields, and 12 additional stream sites ranging from 0.0034 to 6067 km(2) in the Central Mississippi River Basin. Longterm data sets are important to document the changes resulting from anthropogenic and natural drivers. The data set presented here documents discharge across a range of catchment sizes in an area known for its high runoff potential. It constitutes the flow database of the Central Mississippi River Basin site of the Long-Term Agricultural Research network. Like the other sites of this network, data are accessible through the STEWARDS web interface (www.nrrig.mwa.ars.usda.gov/stewards/stewards.html). Here we (i) describe the data collection methods, (ii) document the data available at plot, field, and watershed scales, and (iii) provide the main characteristics of discharge. General characteristics of discharge per unit area for different cropping system management systems show that in this claypan soil setting, management and tillage of row crop systems do not affect surface flow during the growing season (April-October). Data from fields and stream sites show the dampening of peak flow values and lengthening of storm hydrographs caused by mixed land uses and longer times of concentration. Overall, stream flow accounts for a third of the precipitation, of which 80% is from surface runoff and 20% is from groundwater. C1 [Baffaut, Claire; Sadler, E. John; Ghidey, Fessehaie] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Baffaut, C (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Claire.baffaut@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 18 EP 27 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.01.0008 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100004 PM 25602317 ER PT J AU Lerch, RN Baffaut, C Sadler, EJ Kremer, RJ AF Lerch, R. N. Baffaut, C. Sadler, E. J. Kremer, R. J. TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed and Regional Herbicide Water Quality Data SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID ATRAZINE DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; NORTH-CENTRAL MISSOURI; CLAYPAN SOIL; TRANSPORT; STREAMS; VULNERABILITY; RUNOFF AB Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW) has been the focus area of a long-term effort to document the extent of and to understand the factors controlling herbicide transport. We document the datasets generated in the 20-yr-long research effort to study the transport of herbicides to surface and groundwater in the GCEW. This long-term effort was augmented with a spatially broad effort within the Central Mississippi River Basin encompassing 12 related claypan watersheds in the Salt River Basin, two cave streams on the fringe of the Central Claypan Areas in the Bonne Femme watershed, and 95 streams in northern Missouri and southern Iowa. Details of the analytical methods, periods of record, number of samples, study locations, and means of accessing these data are provided. In addition, a brief overview of significant findings is presented. A key finding was that near-surface restrictive soil layers, such as argillic horizons of smectitic mineralogy, result in greater herbicide transport than soils with high percolation and low clay content. Because of this, streams in the claypan soil watersheds of northeastern Missouri have exceptionally high herbicide concentrations and relative loads compared with other areas of the Corn Belt. C1 [Lerch, R. N.; Baffaut, C.; Sadler, E. J.; Kremer, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Lerch, RN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 1406 Rollins St,Rm 269, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Bob.Lerch@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Special Water Quality Grants program FX We wish to acknowledge the financial support of the USDA Special Water Quality Grants program that provided partial funding for this research under the Management Systems Evaluation Areas and Agricultural Systems for Environmental Quality programs. We also wish to thank the ARS staff and the numerous graduate and undergraduate students with the University of Missouri who supported these studies through sample collection, analysis, and data management. Mention of specific companies, products, or trade names is made only to provide information to the reader and does not constitute endorsement by the USDA-ARS. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 28 EP 36 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.12.0516 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100005 PM 25602318 ER PT J AU Lerch, RN Kitchen, NR Baffaut, C Vories, ED AF Lerch, R. N. Kitchen, N. R. Baffaut, C. Vories, E. D. TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed and Regional Nutrient Water Quality Data SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PRECISION AGRICULTURE SYSTEM; CLAYPAN SOIL; HERBICIDE TRANSPORT; NORTHERN MISSOURI; NATURAL WATERS; NITRATE; NITROGEN; AMMONIA; RUNOFF AB We document the 20-yr-long research effort to study the transport of N and P to surface and groundwater in Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed. We also document related efforts in nearby claypan watersheds and watersheds with contrasting soil and hydrologic conditions across the northern Missouri-southern Iowa region. Details of the analytical methods, instrumentation, method detection limits, and quality assurance program used to generate the data are described along with a brief overview of significant findings. Nutrient concentrations in streams were in the range associated with nuisance algal growth and presumed loss of aquatic invertebrate diversity. Incorporation of fertilizers was shown to be the most effective practice for reducing nutrient transport in runoff. Despite the claypan soils, NO3- leaching was a major fate for fertilizer N, and significant contamination of the glacial till aquifer has occurred when long-term fertilizer and manure N inputs exceeded crop N requirements. A key finding of these studies was that field areas with the poorest crop growth were also the most vulnerable to nutrient as well as sediment and herbicide transport. C1 [Lerch, R. N.; Kitchen, N. R.; Baffaut, C.; Vories, E. D.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Lerch, RN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 1406 Rollins St,Rm 269, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Bob.Lerch@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Special Water Quality Grants program FX We wish to acknowledge the financial support of the USDA Special Water Quality Grants program that provided partial funding for this research under the Management Systems Evaluation Areas and Agricultural Systems for Environmental Quality programs. We also thank the ARS staff and the numerous graduate and undergraduate students with the University of Missouri who supported these studies through sample collection, analysis, and data management. Mention of specific companies, products, or trade names is made only to provide information to the reader and does not constitute endorsement by the USDA-ARS. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 37 EP 43 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.12.0518 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100006 PM 25602319 ER PT J AU Lerch, RN Baffaut, C Kitchen, NR Sadler, EJ AF Lerch, R. N. Baffaut, C. Kitchen, N. R. Sadler, E. J. TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Dissolved Nitrogen and Phosphorus Transport in a High-Runoff-Potential Watershed SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; NORTHEASTERN USA; STREAMS; NITRATE; INPUTS; QUALITY; LOSSES; EXPORT; FATE AB Long-term monitoring data from agricultural watersheds are needed to determine if efforts to reduce nutrient transport from crop and pasture land have been effective. Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW), located in northeastern Missouri, is a high-runoff-potential watershed dominated by claypan soils. The objectives of this study were to: (i) summarize dissolved NH4-N, NO3-N, and PO4-P flow-weighted concentrations (FWC), daily loads, and yields (unit area loads) in GCEW from 1992 to 2010; (ii) assess time trends and relationships between precipitation, land use, and fertilizer inputs and nutrient transport; and (iii) provide context to the GCEW data by comparisons with other Corn Belt watersheds. Significant declines in annual and quarterly FWCs and yields occurred for all three nutrient species during the study, and the decreases were most evident for NO3-N. Substantial decreases in first-and fourth-quarter NO3-N FWCs and daily loads and modest decreases in first-quarter PO4-P daily loads were observed. Declines in NO3-N and PO4-P transport were attributed to decreased winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and increased corn (Zea mays L.) production that shifted fertilizer application from fall to spring as well as to improved management, such as increased use of incorporation. Regression models and correlation analyses indicated that precipitation, land use, and fertilizer inputs were critical factors controlling transport. Within the Mississippi River Basin, NO3-N yields in GCEW were much lower than in tile-drained areas, but PO4-P yields were among the highest in the basin. Overall, results demonstrated that reductions in fall-applied fertilizer and improved fertilizer management reduced N and P transport in GCEW. C1 [Lerch, R. N.; Baffaut, C.; Kitchen, N. R.; Sadler, E. J.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Lerch, RN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 1406 Rollins St,Rm 269, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Bob.Lerch@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 34 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 44 EP 57 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0059 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100007 PM 25602320 ER PT J AU Kitchen, NR Blanchard, PE Lerch, RN AF Kitchen, Newell R. Blanchard, Paul E. Lerch, Robert N. TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Hydrogeologic Controls and Crop Management Influence on Nitrates in Loess and Fractured Glacial Till SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NORTH-CENTRAL MISSOURI; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; CLAYPAN SOILS; GROUND-WATER; CONTAMINATION; VULNERABILITY; FERTILIZER; MOVEMENT AB Nitrogen from agriculture is known to be a primary source of groundwater NO3-N. Research was conducted in a northeastern Missouri watershed to assess the impact of cropping systems on NO3-N for a loess and fractured glacial till aquifer underlying claypan soils. Three cropped fields with 10 yr of similar management were each instrumented with 20 to 25 monitoring wells, 3 to 15 m in depth, in 1991 to 1992. Wells were sampled and analyzed for NO3-N at least annually from 1991 to 2004. Initial NO3-N concentrations were variable, ranging from undetectable to >24 mg L-1 but averaged 7.0 mg L-1. Groundwater NO3-N was significantly higher in Field 3, probably the result of concurrent applications of manure and N fertilizer before 1980. Overall changes in NO3-N levels in Fields 1 and 2 were generally small; however, NO3-N levels for Field 3 have decreased an average of 0.28 mg L-1 yr(-1). Excessive loading of N into the matrix of the glacial till may have had a long-term impact on NO3-N for this field. Despite the presence of dissolved O-2 in the aquifer, evidence of denitrification in some upper-landscape groundwater wells was found. The greatest decreases in NO3-N concentration occurred as groundwater moved through an in-field tree line or through a riparian zone. While overall conclusions were complicated by the long-term impact of past management, the capacity of the till to buffer changes, hydrogeologic variability found among wells, and the activity of biological processes, we conclude that cropping practices during this study did not increase glacial till NO3-N. C1 [Kitchen, Newell R.; Lerch, Robert N.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Blanchard, Paul E.] Conservat Res Ctr, Missouri Dept Conservat, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Kitchen, NR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Newell.Kitchen@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 58 EP 70 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.09.0405 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100008 PM 25602321 ER PT J AU Sudduth, KA Jang, GS Lerch, RN Sadler, EJ AF Sudduth, Kenneth A. Jang, Gab-Sue Lerch, Robert N. Sadler, E. John TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Reservoir Water Quality SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID TURBID PRODUCTIVE WATERS; CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION; ALGAL-CHLOROPHYLL; SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS; SURFACE WATERS; REFLECTANCE; MODEL; NONDETECTS; DEPTH; LAKE AB In situ methods for estimating water quality parameters would facilitate efforts in spatial and temporal monitoring, and optical reflectance sensing has shown potential in this regard, particularly for chlorophyll, suspended sediment, and turbidity. The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate relationships between hyperspectral remote sensing and lake water quality parameters-chlorophyll, turbidity, and N and P species. Proximal hyperspectral water reflectance data were obtained on seven sampling dates for multiple arms of Mark Twain Lake, a large man-made reservoir in northeastern Missouri. Aerial hyperspectral data were also obtained on two dates. Water samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for chlorophyll, nutrients, and turbidity. Previously reported reflectance indices and full-spectrum (i.e., partial least squares regression) methods were used to develop relationships between spectral and water quality data. With the exception of dissolved NH3, all measured water quality parameters were strongly related (R-2 >= 0.7) to proximal reflectance across all measurement dates. Aerial hyperspectral sensing was somewhat less accurate than proximal sensing for the two measurement dates where both were obtained. Although full-spectrum calibrations were more accurate for chlorophyll and turbidity than results from previously reported models, those previous models performed better for an independent test set. Because extrapolation of estimation models to dates other than those used to calibrate the model greatly increased estimation error for some parameters, collection of calibration samples at each sensing date would be required for the most accurate remote sensing estimates of water quality. C1 [Sudduth, Kenneth A.; Lerch, Robert N.; Sadler, E. John] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Jang, Gab-Sue] Yeungnam Univ, Dept Life Sci, Gyongsan, South Korea. RP Sudduth, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Ken.Sudduth@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 71 EP 83 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0060 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100009 PM 25602322 ER PT J AU Baffaut, C Sadler, EJ Ghidey, F Anderson, SH AF Baffaut, Claire Sadler, E. John Ghidey, Fessehaie Anderson, Stephen H. TI Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: SWAT Simulation of Flow and Water Quality in the Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURAL POLICY/ENVIRONMENTAL EXTENDER; CLAYPAN SOIL; ASSESSMENT-TOOL; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; HERBICIDE TRANSPORT; MODELING APPROACH; NUTRIENT YIELDS; SURFACE RUNOFF; UNITED-STATES; FIELD-SCALE AB Starting in 1971, stream flow and climatologic data have been collected in the Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed, which is part of the Central Mississippi River Basin (CMRB) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) site. Since 1992, water quality and socio-economic data have complemented these data sets. Previous modeling efforts highlighted the challenges created by the presence of a claypan. Specific changes were introduced in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) (i) to better simulate percolation through and saturation above the claypan and (ii) to simulate the spatial and temporal distributions of the timing of field operations throughout the watershed. Our objectives were to document the changes introduced into the code, demonstrate that these changes improved simulation results, describe the model's parameterization, calibration, and validation, and assess atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] management practices in the hydrologic context of claypan soils. Model calibration was achieved for 1993 to 2010 at a daily time step for flow and at a monthly time step for water quality constituents. The new percolation routines ensured correct balance between surface runoff and groundwater. The temporal heterogeneity of atrazine application ensured the correct frequency of daily atrazine loads. Atrazine incorporation by field cultivation resulted in a 17% simulated reduction in atrazine load without a significant increase in sediment yields. Reduced atrazine rates produced proportional reductions in simulated atrazine transport. The model can be used to estimate the impact of other drivers, e.g., changing aspects of climate, land use, cropping systems, tillage, or management practices, in this context. C1 [Baffaut, Claire; Sadler, E. John; Ghidey, Fessehaie] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Anderson, Stephen H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Baffaut, C (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Claire.baffaut@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute for Food and Agriculture; National Integrated Water Quality-Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) [2005-51130-02380] FX We gratefully acknowledge that partial funding for this research was provided by the USDA-CSREES (now National Institute for Food and Agriculture) and the National Integrated Water Quality-Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) (Grant no. 2005-51130-02380). NR 78 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 84 EP 96 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0068 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100010 PM 25602323 ER PT J AU Mitchell, DC Zhou, XB Parkin, TB Helmers, MJ Castellano, MJ AF Mitchell, David C. Zhou, Xiaobo Parkin, Timothy B. Helmers, Matthew J. Castellano, Michael J. TI Comparing Nitrate Sink Strength in Perennial Filter Strips at Toeslopes of Cropland Watersheds SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; RIPARIAN BUFFER ZONES; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; STABILIZATION MECHANISMS; NITROGEN SATURATION; GROUNDWATER NITRATE; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; CARBON SATURATION; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; POLLUTION-CONTROL AB Integration of perennial filter strips (PFS) into the toeslopes of agricultural watersheds may decrease downstream nitrate (NO3) losses. However, long-term NO3 removal depends on the relative importance of several NO3 sinks in the PFS. Plant biomass and labile soil organic matter (SOM) are temporary NO3 sinks, while stable SOM is a long-term, but potentially finite, NO3 sink. In contrast, denitrification is a permanent NO3 sink. We investigated the relative importance of these NO3 sinks in PFS at the toeslope of row crop watersheds in Iowa. Using 25- x 30-cm in situ mesocosms, we added (NO3)-N-15 to PFS soils and quantified (NO3)-N-15-N recovery in plant biomass and SOM after one growing season. Further, we compared (NO3)-N-15 -N recovery in particulate (relatively labile) and mineral-associated (relatively stable) SOM in mesocosms with and without growing perennial vegetation. To determine the potential importance of denitrification, we compared denitrification enzyme activity in soils from paired watersheds with and without PFS. Transfer of (NO3)-N-15 -N into labile and stable SOM pools was rapid and initially independent of growing vegetation. However, SOM and plant biomass were both relatively minor NO3 sinks, accounting for <30% of (NO3)-N-15-N inputs. Denitrification enzyme activity data indicated that dissolved organic carbon derived from perennial vegetation increased potential denitrifier activity in PFS soils compared with row crop soils. Together, these results constrain SOM and plant biomass as NO3 sinks and indicate that denitrification was the most important NO3 sink in perennial filter strips over one growing season. C1 [Mitchell, David C.; Castellano, Michael J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhou, Xiaobo; Helmers, Matthew J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Parkin, Timothy B.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mitchell, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, 2104 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mitchell.david.christopher@gmail.com OI Castellano, Michael/0000-0003-1411-7931 FU Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture; Iowa State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship; USDA-AFRI Managed Ecosystems program [2011-00512]; USDA-NIFA [2011-68002-30190] FX The authors thank the following individuals for their assistance: Pauline Drobney, Carl Pedersen, Chris Witte, David Sundberg, Danielle Wilson, Teresita Chua, and Kirsten Hofmockel. Funding for the research site was provided by the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Iowa State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship, and the USDA-AFRI Managed Ecosystems program under proposal number 2011-00512. This research is part of a regional collaborative project supported by USDA-NIFA Award no. 2011-68002-30190, Cropping Systems Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP): Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Corn-based Cropping Systems. Project Web site: sustainablecorn.org. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 191 EP 199 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.05.0201 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100021 PM 25602334 ER PT J AU Ouyang, Y Zhang, JE Leininger, TD Frey, BR AF Ouyang, Ying Zhang, Jiaen Leininger, Theodor D. Frey, Brent R. TI A STELLA Model to Estimate Water and Nitrogen Dynamics in a Short-Rotation Woody Crop Plantation SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS; ENERGY; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; PRODUCTIVITY; ECOSYSTEM; GRADIENT; BALANCE; FUTURE; GROWTH AB Although short-rotation woody crop biomass production technology has demonstrated a promising potential to supply feedstocks for bioenergy production, the water and nutrient processes in the woody crop planation ecosystem are poorly understood. In this study, a computer model was developed to estimate the dynamics of water and nitrogen (N) species (e.g., NH4-N, NO3-N, particulate organic N, and soluble organic N [SON]) in a woody crop plantation using STELLA (Structural Thinking and Experiential Learning Laboratory with Animation) software. A scenario was performed to estimate diurnal and monthly water and N variations of a 1-ha mature cottonwood plantation over a 1-yr simulation period. A typical monthly variation pattern was found for soil water evaporation, leaf water transpiration, and root water uptake, with an increase from winter to summer and a decrease from summer to the following winter. Simulations further revealed that the rate of soil water evaporation was one order of magnitude lower than that of leaf water transpiration. In most cases, the relative monthly water loss rates could be expressed as evapotranspiration > root uptake > percolation > runoff. Leaching of NO3-N and SON depended not only on soil N content but also on rainfall rate and duration. Leaching of NO3-N from the cottonwood plantation was about two times higher than that of SON. The relative monthly rate of N leaching was NO3-N > SON > NH4 -N. This study suggests that the STELLA model developed is a useful tool for estimating water and N dynamics from a woody crop plantation. C1 [Ouyang, Ying] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Zhang, Jiaen] South China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Leininger, Theodor D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Frey, Brent R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Ouyang, Y (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, 100 Stone Blvd,Thompson Hall,Room 309, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM youyang@fs.fed.us NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 200 EP 209 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.01.0015 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100022 PM 25602335 ER PT J AU Barbarick, KA Ippolito, JA McDaniel, J AF Barbarick, Ken A. Ippolito, James A. McDaniel, Jacob TI Uptake Coefficients for Biosolids-Amended Dryland Winter Wheat SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID COPPER; ZINC; SOIL; AGROECOSYSTEM; CADMIUM; NICKEL AB The USEPA adapted a risk assessment approach in biosolids regulations that includes the use of an uptake coefficient (UC) (i.e., the ratio of plant concentration to quantity of element added) to determine limitations on selected elemental additions. The nature of the risk assessment requires UCs to be constants. Our hypothesis was that the UC for Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, P, and Zn for biosolids-amended dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) decreases with multiple biosolids applications at the same location. We applied up to 10 applications to two sites (designated North Bennett A and B) in eastern Colorado at rates from 2.24 to 11.2 Mg ha(-1) per application from 1993 to 2013. Results indicated that grain concentrations for all six elements followed no discernible trend as the number of biosolids applications increased. The UC values for these elements compared with the number of biosolids applications followed exponential decay models (R-2 ranged from 0.329 to 0.879). Consequently, UC values will likely not provide constants for risk assessment where multiple biosolids applications are made on the same site. We found that the slope between cumulative elemental removal by grain (kg ha(-1)) to the cumulative amount of element added with biosolids (kg ha(-1)) provides a constant over the number of biosolids additions (R-2 ranged from 0.471 to 0.990). As compared with the USEPA approach, our strategy of looking at cumulative changes may provide better estimations of wheat-grain concentrations for risk assessment of biosolids-borne elements. C1 [Barbarick, Ken A.; McDaniel, Jacob] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ippolito, James A.] ARS, USDA, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Barbarick, KA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, 200 W Lake St, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM ken.barbarick@colostate.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 44 IS 1 BP 286 EP 292 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.08.0350 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY8YH UT WOS:000347836100031 PM 25602344 ER PT J AU Palencia, ER Mitchell, TR Bacon, CW AF Palencia, Edwin R. Mitchell, Trevor R. Bacon, Charles W. TI "Analyses of Black Aspergillus Species of Peanut and Maize for Ochratoxins and Fumonisins," A Comment on: J. Food Prot. 77(5):805-813 (2014) Response SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Letter ID DRIED VINE FRUITS; SECTION NIGRI POPULATIONS; DIFFERENT ORIGIN; CONTAMINATION; ARGENTINA; CALIFORNIA; SEEDLINGS; KERNELS C1 [Palencia, Edwin R.; Mitchell, Trevor R.; Bacon, Charles W.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Palencia, ER (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 78 IS 1 BP 8 EP 12 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AZ1QB UT WOS:000348012000002 PM 25581172 ER PT J AU Bosilevac, JM Gassem, MA Al Sheddy, IA Almaiman, SA Al-Mohizea, IS Alowaimer, A Koohmaraie, M AF Bosilevac, Joseph M. Gassem, Mustafa A. Al Sheddy, Ibraheem A. Almaiman, Salah A. Al-Mohizea, Ibrahim S. Alowaimer, Abdullah Koohmaraie, Mohammad TI Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in Camels, Cattle, Goats, and Sheep Harvested for Meat in Riyadh SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID BEEF PROCESSING PLANTS; SAUDI-ARABIA; LAIRAGE ENVIRONMENT; LAMB CARCASSES; UNITED-STATES; GROUND-BEEF; O157-H7; PATHOGENS; DROMEDARIUS; SEROTYPES AB Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella are significant foodborne pathogens that can be found in the feces and on the hides of meat animals. When hides are removed during the harvest process, the carcass and subsequent meat products can become contaminated. Camels, cattle, sheep, and goats are harvested for meat in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella are unknown in these animals, and it is assumed that if the animals carry the pathogens in their feces or on their hides, meat products are likely to become contaminated. To this end, a minimum of 206 samples each from hides and feces of camels, cattle, goats, and sheep were collected over the course of 8 months and tested for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. It was found that E. coli O157:H7 was present in feces (10.7, 1.4, 2.4, and 2.4%) and on hides (17.9, 8.2, 2.9, and 9.2%) of cattle, goats, camels, and sheep, respectively. The prevalence of Salmonella was 11.2, 13.5, 23.2, and 18.8% in feces and 80.2, 51.2 67.6, and 60.2% on hides of cattle, goats, camels, and sheep, respectively. The prevalence of E coli 0157:147 was nearly zero in all samples collected in June and July, while Salmonella did not exhibit any seasonal variation. These results constitute the first comprehensive study of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella prevalence in Saudi Arabian meat animals at harvest. C1 [Bosilevac, Joseph M.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Gassem, Mustafa A.; Al Sheddy, Ibraheem A.; Almaiman, Salah A.; Al-Mohizea, Ibrahim S.] Saudi Food & Drug Author, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Gassem, Mustafa A.; Al Sheddy, Ibraheem A.; Almaiman, Salah A.] King Saud Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Coll Food & Agr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Alowaimer, Abdullah; Koohmaraie, Mohammad] King Saud Univ, Dept Anim Prod, Coll Food & Agr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Koohmaraie, Mohammad] IEH Labs & Consulting Grp, Lake Forest Pk, WA 98155 USA. RP Bosilevac, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mick.bosilevac@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 78 IS 1 BP 89 EP 96 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-176 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AZ1QB UT WOS:000348012000012 PM 25581182 ER PT J AU Liu, NT Nou, XW Bauchan, GR Murphy, C Lefcourt, AM Shelton, DR Lo, YM AF Liu, Nancy T. Nou, Xiangwu Bauchan, Gary R. Murphy, Charles Lefcourt, Alan M. Shelton, Daniel R. Lo, Y. Martin TI Effects of Environmental Parameters on the Dual-Species Biofilms Formed by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Ralstonia insidiosa, a Strong Biofilm Producer Isolated from a Fresh-Cut Produce Processing Plant SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ACINETOBACTER-CALCOACETICUS; BACTERIA; GROWTH; DISINFECTION; TEMPERATURE; SURVIVAL; INDUSTRY; STRAINS; O157-H7; JUICES AB Biofilm-forming bacteria resident to food processing facilities are a food safety concern due to the potential of biofilms to harbor foodborne bacterial pathogens. When cultured together, Ralstonia insidiosa, a strong biofilm former frequently isolated from produce processing environments, has been shown to promote the incorporation of Escherichia colt O157:H7 into dual-species biofilms. In this study, interactions between E. colt O157:H7 and R. insidiosa were examined under different incubating conditions. Under static culture conditions, the incorporation of E. coli O157:H7 into biofilms with R. insidiosa was not significantly affected by either low incubating temperature (10 degrees C) or by limited nutrient availability. Greater enhancement of E. coli O157:H7 incorporation in dual-species biofilms was observed by using a continuous culture system with limited nutrient availability. Under the continuous culture conditions used in this study, E colt O157:H7 cells showed a strong tendency of colocalizing with R. insidiosa on a glass surface at the early stage of biofilm formation. As the biofilms matured, E coli O157:H7 cells were mostly found at the bottom layer of the dual-species biofilms, suggesting an effective protection by R. insidiosa in the mature biofilms C1 [Liu, Nancy T.; Nou, Xiangwu; Lefcourt, Alan M.; Shelton, Daniel R.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bauchan, Gary R.; Murphy, Charles] ARS, Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Nancy T.; Lo, Y. Martin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Nou, XW (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM xiangwu.nou@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 16 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 78 IS 1 BP 121 EP 127 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-302 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AZ1QB UT WOS:000348012000016 PM 25581186 ER PT J AU Pouillot, R Gallagher, D Tang, J Hoelzer, K Kause, J Dennis, SB AF Pouillot, Regis Gallagher, Daniel Tang, Jia Hoelzer, Karin Kause, Janell Dennis, Sherri B. TI Listeria monocytogenes in Retail Delicatessens: An Interagency Risk Assessment-Model and Baseline Results SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID TURKEY BREAST; UNITED-STATES; CROSS-CONTAMINATION; GROWTH BOUNDARY; DELI MEATS; ILLNESS; SALAMI; ESTABLISHMENTS; ENVIRONMENTS; PREVALENCE AB The Interagency Risk Assessment Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in Retail Delicatessens provides a scientific assessment of the risk of listeriosis associated with the consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods commonly prepared and sold in the delicatessen (deli) of a retail food store. The quantitative risk assessment (QRA) model simulates the behavior of retail employees in a deli department and tracks the Lm potentially present in this environment and in the food. Bacterial growth, bacterial inactivation (following washing and sanitizing actions), and cross-contamination (from object to object, from food to object, or from object to food) are evaluated through a discrete event modeling approach. The QRA evaluates the risk per serving of deli-prepared RTE food for the susceptible and general population, using a dose-response model from the literature. This QRA considers six separate retail baseline conditions and provides information on the predicted risk of listeriosis for each. Among the baseline conditions considered, the model predicts that (i) retail delis without an environmental source of Lm (such as niches), retail delis without niches that do apply temperature control, and retail delis with niches that do apply temperature control lead to lower predicted risk of listeriosis relative to retail delis with niches and (ii) retail delis with incoming RTE foods that are contaminated with Lm lead to higher predicted risk of listeriosis, directly or through cross-contamination, whether the contaminated incoming product supports growth or not. The risk assessment predicts that listeriosis cases associated with retail delicatessens result from a sequence of key events: (i) the contaminated RTE food supports Lm growth; (ii) improper retail and/or consumer storage temperature or handling results in the growth of Lm on the RTE food; and (iii) the consumer of this RTE food is susceptible to listeriosis. The risk assessment model, therefore, predicts that cross-contamination with Lm at retail predominantly results in sporadic cases. C1 [Pouillot, Regis; Hoelzer, Karin; Dennis, Sherri B.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Gallagher, Daniel; Tang, Jia] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kause, Janell] USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC 20228 USA. RP Pouillot, R (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM Regis.Pouillot@fda.hhs.gov RI Pouillot, Regis/E-8103-2010 OI Pouillot, Regis/0000-0002-6107-5212 FU Virginia Tech; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) [AG-3A94-P-08-0166]; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition FX Support for this work was provided by Virginia Tech in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS contract AG-3A94-P-08-0166). This work was also supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 23 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 78 IS 1 BP 134 EP 145 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-235 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AZ1QB UT WOS:000348012000018 PM 25581188 ER PT J AU Arsi, K Donoghue, AM Woo-Ming, A Bloke, PJ Donoghue, DJ AF Arsi, K. Donoghue, A. M. Woo-Ming, A. Bloke, P. J. Donoghue, D. J. TI Intracloacal Inoculation, an Effective Screening Method for Determining the Efficacy of Probiotic Bacterial Isolates against Campylobacter Colonization in Broiler Chickens SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID DISTAL ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; JEJUNI; POULTRY; MICROENCAPSULATION; SALMONELLA; CONTAMINATION AB Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. It is common in poultry, and human infections are often associated with consumption of contaminated poultry products. One strategy to reduce Campylobacter colonization in poultry is the use of oral probiotics, but this produces variable results, possibly because the probiotics are destroyed in the stomach's acidic environment. Protection (e.g., encapsulation) of isolates may overcome this problem, but there is no assurance that these isolates will have efficacy in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, screening candidate isolates by directly placing them in the lower intestinal tract via cloacal inoculation may eliminate the time and expense of encapsulating ineffective isolates. Thus, the purpose of this study was to collect bacterial isolates with anti-Campylobacter activity in vitro and evaluate their efficacy in vivo upon either oral or intracloacal administration. Bacterial isolates were collected from healthy birds and were evaluated for efficacy against C. jejuni in vitro. Isolates having generally regarded as safe status and demonstrating in vitro anti-Campylobacter properties were evaluated after oral or intracloacal inoculation into chicks on day 1 (n = 10 birds per isolate per route of administration). On day 7, birds were dosed by oral gavage with a four-strain mixture of wild-type Campylobacter containing at least 1 x 10(7) CFU/ml organisms. On day 14, birds were euthanized and the ceca were collected aseptically for Campylobacter enumeration. When dosed orally, only one isolate had a 1-log reduction in cecal Campylobacter counts, whereas when administered intracloacally, six of these isolates produced a 1- to 3-log reduction in cecal Campylobacter counts in 14-day-old chickens. These results support the strategy of evaluating the efficacy of potential probiotic isolates via cloacal inoculation prior to undergoing the effort of encapsulating isolates for oral administration. C1 [Arsi, K.; Woo-Ming, A.; Bloke, P. J.; Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Poultry Sci Dept, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Donoghue, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Poultry Sci Dept, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM ddonogh@uark.edu RI arsi, komala/G-8871-2016 OI arsi, komala/0000-0002-4282-4273 FU USDA-NIFA-OREI [2011-01955] FX This research was funded in part by USDA-NIFA-OREI 2011-01955. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 20 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 78 IS 1 BP 209 EP 213 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-326 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AZ1QB UT WOS:000348012000028 PM 25581198 ER PT J AU Checkley, W White, AC Jaganath, D Arrowood, MJ Chalmers, RM Chen, XM Fayer, R Griffiths, JK Guerrant, RL Hedstrom, L Huston, CD Kotloff, KL Kang, G Mead, JR Miller, M Petri, WA Priest, JW Roos, DS Striepen, B Thompson, RCA Ward, HD Van Voorhis, WA Xiao, LH Zhu, G Houpt, ER AF Checkley, William White, A. Clinton, Jr. Jaganath, Devon Arrowood, Michael J. Chalmers, Rachel M. Chen, Xian-Ming Fayer, Ronald Griffiths, Jeffrey K. Guerrant, Richard L. Hedstrom, Lizbeth Huston, Christopher D. Kotloff, Karen L. Kang, Gagandeep Mead, Jan R. Miller, Mark Petri, William A., Jr. Priest, Jeffrey W. Roos, David S. Striepen, Boris Thompson, R. C. Andrew Ward, Honorine D. Van Voorhis, Wesley A. Xiao, Lihua Zhu, Guan Houpt, Eric R. TI A review of the global burden, novel diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccine targets for cryptosporidium SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID INOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; SYSTEMIC ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; EARLY-CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; TIME PCR DETECTION; PARVUM INFECTION AB Cryptosporidium spp are well recognised as causes of diarrhoeal disease during waterborne epidemics and in immunocompromised hosts. Studies have also drawn attention to an underestimated global burden and suggest major gaps in optimum diagnosis, treatment, and immunisation. Cryptosporidiosis is increasingly identified as an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Studies in low-resource settings and high-income countries have confirmed the importance of cryptosporidium as a cause of diarrhoea and childhood malnutrition. Diagnostic tests for cryptosporidium infection are suboptimum, necessitating specialised tests that are often insensitive. Antigen-detection and PCR improve sensitivity, and multiplexed antigen detection and molecular assays are underused. Therapy has some effect in healthy hosts and no proven efficacy in patients with AIDS. Use of cryptosporidium genomes has helped to identify promising therapeutic targets, and drugs are in development, but methods to assess the efficacy in vitro and in animals are not well standardised. Partial immunity after exposure suggests the potential for successful vaccines, and several are in development; however, surrogates of protection are not well defined. Improved methods for propagation and genetic manipulation of the organism would be significant advances. C1 [Checkley, William; Jaganath, Devon] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Program Global Dis Epidemiol & Control, Baltimore, MD USA. [Checkley, William; Miller, Mark] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [White, A. Clinton, Jr.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Div Infect Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Arrowood, Michael J.; Priest, Jeffrey W.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chalmers, Rachel M.] Publ Hlth Wales, Natl Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Chen, Xian-Ming] Creighton Univ, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Fayer, Ronald] USDA, Environm Microbial Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Griffiths, Jeffrey K.] Tufts Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Guerrant, Richard L.; Petri, William A., Jr.; Houpt, Eric R.] Univ Virginia, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Hedstrom, Lizbeth] Brandeis Univ, Dept Biol, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Hedstrom, Lizbeth] Brandeis Univ, Dept Chem, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Huston, Christopher D.] Univ Vermont, Div Infect Dis, Burlington, VT USA. [Kotloff, Karen L.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Trop Pediat, Dept Pediat,Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Div Gastrointestinal Sci, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Mead, Jan R.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mead, Jan R.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. [Roos, David S.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Striepen, Boris] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Thompson, R. C. Andrew] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, Perth, WA, Australia. [Ward, Honorine D.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Van Voorhis, Wesley A.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Allergy & Infect Dis Div, Seattle, WA USA. [Van Voorhis, Wesley A.] Univ Washington, Allergy & Infect Dis Div, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Van Voorhis, Wesley A.] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Allergy & Infect Dis Div, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Zhu, Guan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX USA. RP Checkley, W (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Suite 9121,1800 Orleans Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM wcheckl1@jhmi.edu RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; White, A Clinton/0000-0002-9668-4632; Striepen, Boris/0000-0002-7426-432X FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX We acknowledge all speakers who attended the meeting Cryptosporidium: Global Burden, Novel Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Vaccine Targets, held in Philadelphia, PA, USA, in December, 2011. We received financial support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; our funding source did not have a role in the development of this Review. The findings and conclusions in this Review are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 148 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 17 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 15 IS 1 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70772-8 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AY9GD UT WOS:000347857900031 PM 25278220 ER PT J AU Meyer, O Dawson-Hughes, B Sidelnikov, E Egli, A Grob, D Staehelin, HB Theiler, G Kressig, RW Simmen, HP Theiler, R Bischoff-Ferrari, HA AF Meyer, O. Dawson-Hughes, B. Sidelnikov, E. Egli, A. Grob, D. Staehelin, H. B. Theiler, G. Kressig, R. W. Simmen, H. P. Theiler, R. Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A. TI Calcifediol versus vitamin D-3 effects on gait speed and trunk sway in young postmenopausal women: a double-blind randomized controlled trial SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE 25(OH)D; Gait speed; Postmenopausal women; RCT; Trunk sway; Vitamin D ID LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; OLDER-ADULTS; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; D SUPPLEMENTATION; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; ASSOCIATION; STRENGTH; BALANCE; PEOPLE AB In this double-blind RCT, 4-month treatment with calcifediol compared with vitamin D-3 improved gait speed by 18 % among young postmenopausal women. Consistently, change in 25(OH)D blood levels over time were significantly correlated with improvement in gait speed in these women. No effect could be demonstrated for trunk sway. The aim of this study is to test the effect of calcifediol compared with vitamin D-3 on gait speed and trunk sway. Twenty healthy postmenopausal women with an average 25(OH)D level of 13.2 ng/ml (SD = +/- 3.9) and a mean age of 61.5 years (SD = +/- 7.2) were randomized to either 20 mu g of calcifediol or 20 mu g (800 IU) of vitamin D-3 per day in a double-blind manner. At baseline and at 4 months of follow-up, the same physiotherapist blinded to treatment allocation tested 8-m gait speed and a body sway test battery (Sway star pitch and roll angle plus velocity while walking 8 m, and standing on both legs on a hard and soft surface). All analyses adjusted for baseline measurement, age, and body mass index. Mean 25(OH)D levels increased to 69.3 ng/ml (SD = +/- 9.5) in the calcifediol group and to 30.5 ng/ml (SD = +/- 5.0) in the vitamin D-3 group (p < 0.0001). Women receiving calcifediol compared with vitamin D-3 had an 18 % greater improvement in gait speed at 4-month follow-up (p = 0.046) adjusting for baseline gait speed, age, and body mass index. Also, change in gait speed was significantly correlated with change in serum 25(OH)D concentrations (r = 0.5; p = 0.04). Across three tests of trunk sway, there were no consistent differences between groups and no significant correlation between change in 25(OH)D serum concentrations and change in trunk sway. Calcifediol improved gait speed in early postmenopausal women compared with vitamin D-3 and change in 25(OH)D level was moderately correlated with improvement in gait speed. A benefit on trunk sway could not be demonstrated. C1 [Meyer, O.; Sidelnikov, E.; Egli, A.; Theiler, G.; Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A.] Univ Zurich Hosp, Geriatr Clin, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. [Meyer, O.; Sidelnikov, E.; Egli, A.; Theiler, G.; Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A.] Univ Zurich Hosp, Ctr Aging & Mobil, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. [Meyer, O.; Sidelnikov, E.; Egli, A.; Theiler, G.; Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A.] City Hosp Waid, Zurich, Switzerland. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Grob, D.] City Hosp Waid, Acute Geriatr Care, Zurich, Switzerland. [Staehelin, H. B.; Kressig, R. W.] Univ Basel, Dept Geriatr, Basel, Switzerland. [Simmen, H. P.] Univ Zurich Hosp, Dept Emergency Med & Traumatol, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. [Theiler, R.] Triemli City Hosp Zurich, Dept Rheumatol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Bischoff-Ferrari, HA (reprint author), Univ Zurich Hosp, Ctr Aging & Mobil, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. EM Heike.Bischoff@usz.ch FU "Sarcopenia Centre Grant" of the Baugarten Foundation FX This analysis was funded by the "Sarcopenia Centre Grant" of the Baugarten Foundation to the Centre on Aging and Mobility at the University of Zurich. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 26 IS 1 BP 373 EP 381 DI 10.1007/s00198-014-2949-1 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AY6PZ UT WOS:000347689400038 PM 25369890 ER PT J AU Wiersema, JH AF Wiersema, J. H. TI Application of the name Lemna punctata G. Mey., the type of Landoltia Les & D. J. Crawford SO PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Duckweed; neotypification; neotype; plant nomenclature ID DUCKWEED AB A recent (2011) attempt to change the previously designated type of the name of a duckweed species is discussed. Lemna punctata was first applied by Meyer in 1818 to a plant collected from South America, but original specimens have not been located. A prior neotype designation associated this name with a species native to parts of Asia, Australia and the Pacific, and widely introduced elsewhere, including South America. The species is generally treated by taxonomists in the genus Spirodela (either as S.punctata or the synonym S.oligorrhiza) or, more recently, as the sole member of the new (1999) genus Landoltia (as L.punctata). If accepted, this 2011 attempt to re-neotypify L.punctata would disrupt the names of two duckweed species as well as that of Landoltia. Nomenclatural arguments against accepting this new typification are provided, thereby supporting the continued usage of Landoltia in the sense intended by its original authors. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wiersema, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 003, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.wiersema@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1435-8603 EI 1438-8677 J9 PLANT BIOLOGY JI Plant Biol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 17 SU 1 SI SI BP 5 EP 9 DI 10.1111/plb.12209 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AY8JE UT WOS:000347799100002 PM 24943240 ER PT J AU Swaggerty, CL Pevzner, IY Kogut, MH AF Swaggerty, C. L. Pevzner, I. Y. Kogut, M. H. TI Selection for pro-inflammatory mediators produces chickens more resistant to Eimeria tenella SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; coccidiosis; Eimeria tenella; pro-inflammatory; selection for resistance ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ANTICOCCIDIAL DRUGS; CECAL COCCIDIOSIS; MAXIMA INFECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; POULTRY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; LINES; CHALLENGE; CHEMOKINE AB We recently developed a novel selection method based on identification and selection of chickens with an inherently high and low phenotype of proinflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-6, CXCLi2, and CCLi2. The resultant high line of chickens is more resistant to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) compared to the low line. In the current study, we sought to determine if the high line birds were also more resistant to the protozoan parasite Eimeria tenella. In three separate experiments, 14-day-old chickens from the high and low lines were challenged orally with 10 x 10(3) to 45 x 10(3) E. tenella oocysts. Birds were sacrificed 6 d postchallenge and the caeca was removed and scored for lesions and body weight gain compared to mock-infected controls. The high line birds were more resistant to intestinal pathology as demonstrated by lower lesion scores (P <= 0.04) compared to the low line. There were no differences in body weight gain between the lines. The results from this study showed that in addition to enhanced resistance against Salmonella Enteritidis, high line chickens are also more resistant to the pathology associated with coccidial infections compared to the low line birds. Taken together with our initial study utilizing the high and low lines, selection based on increased pro-inflammatory mediator expression produces chickens that are more resistant to both foodborne and poultry pathogens, including cecal pathology associated with costly coccidial infections. C1 [Swaggerty, C. L.; Kogut, M. H.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Pevzner, I. Y.] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. RP Swaggerty, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SPARC, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM christi.swaggerty@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 94 IS 1 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.3382/ps/peu053 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AY5XS UT WOS:000347643100005 PM 25577794 ER PT J AU Zhao, F Li, YG Dai, X Verhoef, W Guo, YQ Shang, H Gu, XF Huang, YB Yu, T Huang, JX AF Zhao, Feng Li, Yuguang Dai, Xu Verhoef, Wout Guo, Yiqing Shang, Hong Gu, Xingfa Huang, Yanbo Yu, Tao Huang, Jianxi TI Simulated impact of sensor field of view and distance on field measurements of bidirectional reflectance factors for row crops SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Field measurements; Field of view; Bidirectional reflectance factor; Sensor footprint; Monte Carlo model; Weighted photon spread model (WPS); Row crops ID MONTE-CARLO METHOD; FACTOR DISTRIBUTIONS; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; GONIOMETER SYSTEM; TRANSPORT; MODEL; CALIBRATION; ALBEDO; WATER; BRDF AB It is well established that a natural surface exhibits anisotropic reflectance properties that depend on the characteristics of the surface. Spectral measurements of the bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) at ground level provide us a method to capture the directional characteristics of the observed surface. Various spectroradiometers with different field of views (FOVs) were used under different mounting conditions to measure crop reflectance. The impact and uncertainty of sensor FOV and distance from the target have rarely been considered. The issue can be compounded with the characteristic reflectance of heterogeneous row crops. Because of the difficulty of accurately obtaining field measurements of crop reflectance under natural environments, a method of computer simulation was proposed to study the impact of sensor FOV and distance on field measured BRFs. A Monte Carlo model was built to combine the photon spread method and the weight reduction concept to develop the weighted photon spread (WPS) model to simulate radiation transfer in architecturally realistic canopies. Comparisons of the Monte Carlo model with both field BRF measurements and the RAMI Online Model Checker (ROMC) showed good agreement. BRFs were then simulated for a range of sensor FOV and distance combinations and compared with the reference values (distance at infinity) for two typical row canopy scenes. Sensors with a finite FOV and distance from the target approximate the reflectance anisotropy and yield average values over FOV. Moreover, the perspective projection of the sensor causes a proportional distortion in the sensor FOV from the ideal directional observations. Though such factors inducing the measurement error exist, it was found that the BRF can be obtained with a tolerable bias on ground level with a proper combination of sensor FOV and distance, except for the hotspot direction and the directions around it Recommendations for the choice of sensor FOV and distance are also made to reduce the bias from the real angular signatures in field BRF measurement for row crops. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Feng; Li, Yuguang; Dai, Xu; Guo, Yiqing; Shang, Hong] Beijing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. [Li, Yuguang] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Verhoef, Wout] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Gu, Xingfa; Yu, Tao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Huang, Yanbo] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Huang, Jianxi] China Agr Univ, Coll Informat & Elect Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, F (reprint author), Beijing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. EM zhaofeng@buaa.edu.cn FU Chinese Natural Science Foundation [41371325, 40901156]; Project of Civil Space Technology pre-research of the 12th five-year plan [D040201] FX This work was supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation (Projects 41371325 and 40901156), and the Project of Civil Space Technology pre-research of the 12th five-year plan (D040201). We thank POV-Ray team for providing their software. Dr. Feng Zhao would like to thank Dr. Jean-Luc Widlowski for his helpful suggestions and comments on this work during the 35th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment (Beijing, 23th-26th April, 2013). We are thankful to the ROMC coordinators during the model evaluation. The authors are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers who provided constructive comments to improve this manuscript. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 156 BP 129 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.09.011 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AY4YC UT WOS:000347579900011 ER PT J AU Ackers, SH Davis, RJ Olsen, KA Dugger, KM AF Ackers, Steven H. Davis, Raymond J. Olsen, Keith A. Dugger, Katie M. TI The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat TM; Lidar; Northern spotted owl; Habitat suitability; Maxent; Species distribution modeling; GNN ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; BARRED OWLS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; NEST SITES; HOME-RANGE; FOREST; ATTRIBUTES; MODELS; OREGON; SELECTION AB Wildlife habitat mapping has evolved at a rapid pace over the last few decades. Beginning with simple, often subjective, hand-drawn maps, habitat mapping now involves complex species distribution models (SDMs) using mapped predictor variables derived from remotely sensed data For species that inhabit large geographic areas, remote sensing technology is often essential for producing range wide maps. Habitat monitoring for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina), whose geographic covers about 23 million ha, is based on SDMs that use Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery to create forest vegetation data layers using gradient nearest neighbor (GNN) methods. Vegetation data layers derived from GNN are modeled relationships between forest inventory plot data, climate and topographic data, and the spectral signatures acquired by the satellite. When used as predictor variables for SDMs, there is some transference of the GNN modeling error to the final habitat map. Recent increases in the use of light detection and ranging (lidar) data, coupled with the need to produce spatially accurate and detailed forest vegetation maps have spurred interest in its use for SDMs and habitat mapping. Instead of modeling predictor variables from remotely sensed spectral data, lidar provides direct measurements of vegetation height for use in SDMs. We expect a SDM habitat map produced from directly measured predictor variables to be more accurate than one produced from modeled predictors. We used maximum entropy (Maxent) SDM modeling software to compare predictive performance and estimates of habitat area between Landsat-based and lidar-based northern spotted owl SDMs and habitat maps. We explored the differences and similarities between these maps, and to a pre-existing aerial photo-interpreted habitat map produced by local wildlife biologists. The lidar-based map had the highest predictive performance based on 10 bootstrapped replicate models (AUC = 0.809 +/- 0.011), but the performance of the Landsat-based map was within acceptable limits (AUC = 0.717 +/- 0.021). As is common with photo-interpreted maps, there was no accuracy assessment available for comparison. The photo-interpreted map produced the highest and lowest estimates of habitat area, depending on which habitat classes were included (nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat = 9962 ha, nesting habitat only = 6036 ha). The Landsat-based map produced an estimate of habitat area that was within this range (95% CI: 6679-9592 ha), while the lidar-based map produced an area estimate similar to what was interpreted by local wildlife biologists as nesting (i.e., high quality) habitat using aerial imagery (95% CI: 5453-7216). Confidence intervals of habitat area estimates from the SDMs based on Landsat and lidar overlapped. We concluded that both Landsat- and lidar-based SDMs produced reasonable maps and area estimates for northern spotted owl habitat within the study area. The lidar-based map was more precise and spatially similar to what local wildlife biologists considered spotted owl nesting habitat. The Landsat-based map provided a less precise spatial representation of habitat within the relatively small geographic confines of the study area, but habitat area estimates were similar to both the photo-interpreted and lidar-based maps. Photo-interpreted maps are time consuming to produce, subjective in nature, and difficult to replicate. SDMs provide a framework for efficiently producing habitat maps that can be replicated as habitat conditions change over time, provided that comparable remotely sensed data are available. When the SDM uses predictor variables extracted from lidar data, it can produce a habitat map that is both accurate and useful at large and small spatial scales. In comparison, SDMs using Landsat-based data are more appropriate for large scale analyses of amounts and general spatial patterns of habitat at regional scales. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ackers, Steven H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Davis, Raymond J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Olsen, Keith A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dugger, Katie M.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Ackers, SH (reprint author), HJ Andrews Expt Forest, POB 300, Blue River, OR 97413 USA. EM ackerss@onid.orst.edu FU U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon State University [NFS 11-CR-11062756-019, DEB 08-23380]; National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program; U.S. Forest Service; Portland Field Office of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. FX We conducted this research at the HJ. Andrews Experimental Forest, which is funded by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station. Spotted owl locations were provided by the central Oregon Cascades northern spotted owl demography study funded by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University (NFS 11-CR-11062756-019). Lidar data was flown and processed by: Watershed Sciences, 257B SW Madison Street Corvallis, OR 97333, www.watershedsciences.com. The lidar data were provided by then Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program, U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University (DEB 08-23380). Dr. Thomas Spies served as principal investigator for the lidar project Jim Muckenhoupt produced the stem map used for this study. We greatly appreciate the helpful comments provided by Dr. Warren Cohen and an anonymous reviewer on an earlier version of this manuscript. Finally, we wish to acknowledge the hard work and dedication of the many field biologists that provided the nest and roost locations used in this study. Additional financial support was provided by the U.S. Forest Service and the Portland Field Office of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 77 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 156 BP 361 EP 373 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.09.025 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AY4YC UT WOS:000347579900029 ER PT J AU Hartono, K Reed, S Ankrah, NA Glahn, RP Tako, E AF Hartono, Karen Reed, Spenser Ankrah, Naa Ayikarkor Glahn, Raymond P. Tako, Elad TI Alterations in gut microflora populations and brush border functionality following intra-amniotic daidzein administration SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID DEFICIENT BROILER-CHICKENS; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; SOY ISOFLAVONES; PHYTO-ESTROGENS; GALLUS-GALLUS; HUMAN HEALTH; HUMAN URINE; IRON STATUS; C-RING; PHYTOESTROGENS AB Daidzein is an isoflavone found primarily in soybean and various soy-based products such as tofu. In the intestines, daidzein is reductively transformed to its constituent metabolites equol and O-desmethylangolensin. Although the ingestion of daidzein has been associated with marked physiological improvements in various pathological states, namely cancer, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease, further understanding into the tissue-level effects of daidzein ingestion is needed. In this study, broiler chickens (Gallus gallus, n = 50) were injected in ovo (day 17 of embryonic incubation) with varying concentrations of a 1.0 mL pure daidzein in saline solution. Three treatment groups (0.5, 2.5, 5.0 mg mL(-1)) and two controls (saline and non-injected) were utilized. Upon hatching, blood was taken for hemoglobin and total body iron hemoglobin determination, and chicks were then euthanized. Hepatic, duodenal, and caecal tissues were excised for ferritin analysis, mRNA gene expression of relevant brush border membrane and iron transporters/proteins, and PCR quantification of three bacterial genera (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium) and one bacterial species (E. coli). Results revealed no significant differences in hemoglobin, total body hemoglobin iron, or ferritin between the groups (p > 0.05). Aminopeptidase and Na+ K(+)ATPase were upregulated in daidzein-treated groups when compared to controls (p < 0.05). Additionally, daidzein administration increased the expression of Dcyt B, an iron-specific cytochrome reductase (p < 0.05). Further, daidzein injection resulted in the increased caecal abundance of E. coli in the 2.5 mg mL(-1) group (p < 0.05). Taken together, these results suggest a physiological role for daidzein administration in improving the functionality and development of the brush border membrane, as well as for influencing the abundance of certain bacterial communities in the colon. C1 [Hartono, Karen; Reed, Spenser; Ankrah, Naa Ayikarkor; Glahn, Raymond P.; Tako, Elad] ARS, USDA, Robert Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hartono, Karen; Reed, Spenser] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Tako, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Robert Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM et79@cornell.edu NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2015 VL 5 IS 9 BP 6407 EP 6412 DI 10.1039/c4ra10962g PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AY2HX UT WOS:000347410600024 ER PT J AU Jin, MJ Slininger, PJ Dien, BS Waghmode, S Moser, BR Orjuela, A Sousal, LD Balan, V AF Jin, Mingjie Slininger, Patricia J. Dien, Bruce S. Waghmode, Suresh Moser, Bryan R. Orjuela, Andrea Sousal, Leonardo da Costa Balan, Venkatesh TI Microbial lipid-based lignocellulosic biorefinery: feasibility and challenges SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE lignocellulosic lipids; single-cell oil; biorefinery; microbial lipids ID YEAST RHODOSPORIDIUM-TORULOIDES; CELL OIL PRODUCTION; CORN STOVER HYDROLYSATE; TRICHOSPORON-FERMENTANS; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES; OLEAGINOUS MICROORGANISMS; MORTIERELLA-ISABELLINA; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS AB Although single-cell oil (SCO) has been studied for decades, lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass has received substantial attention only in recent years as biofuel research moves toward producing drop-in fuels. This review gives an overview of the feasibility and challenges that exist in realizing microbial lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass in a biorefinery. The aspects covered here include biorefinery technologies, the microbial oil market, oleaginous microbes, lipid accumulation metabolism, strain development, process configurations, lignocellulosic lipid production, technical hurdles, lipid recovery, and technoeconomics. The lignocellulosic SCO-based biorefinery will be feasible only if a combination of low- and high-value lipids are coproduced, while lignin and protein are upgraded to high-value products. C1 [Jin, Mingjie; Waghmode, Suresh; Orjuela, Andrea; Sousal, Leonardo da Costa; Balan, Venkatesh] Michigan State Univ, BCRL, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Slininger, Patricia J.; Dien, Bruce S.; Moser, Bryan R.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jin, MJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, BCRL, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, MBI Bldg,3815 Technol Blvd, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM jinmingj@egr.msu.edu; balan@msu.edu RI da Costa Sousa, Leonardo/A-1536-2016; Astals-Garcia, Sergi/H-2591-2016; OI Astals-Garcia, Sergi/0000-0003-4749-0919; Jin, Mingjie/0000-0002-9493-305X; Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 86 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 12 U2 90 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 33 IS 1 BP 43 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.11.005 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AY9II UT WOS:000347863400007 PM 25483049 ER PT J AU Yu, DH Waterlandt, RA Shen, LL AF Yu, Da-Hai Waterlandt, Robert A. Shen, Lanlan TI On the meaning of the word 'epimutation': a comment SO TRENDS IN GENETICS LA English DT Letter DE epigenetic; DNA methylation; aging; tumorigenesis; p16 ID METHYLATION; MICE C1 [Yu, Da-Hai; Waterlandt, Robert A.; Shen, Lanlan] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterlandt, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Yu, DH (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Lanlan.Shen@bcm.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0168-9525 J9 TRENDS GENET JI Trends Genet. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.tig.2014.11.001 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AY9JW UT WOS:000347867200001 PM 25480537 ER PT J AU Sun, YY Gao, B Bradford, SA Wu, L Chen, H Shi, XQ Wu, JC AF Sun, Yuanyuan Gao, Bin Bradford, Scott A. Wu, Lei Chen, Hao Shi, Xiaoqing Wu, Jichun TI Transport, retention, and size perturbation of graphene oxide in saturated porous media: Effects of input concentration and grain size SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Graphene oxide; Porous media; Deposition mechanisms; Size perturbation; Modeling ID UNFAVORABLE CHEMICAL CONDITIONS; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; IONIC-STRENGTH; QUARTZ SANDS; DEPOSITION; NANOPARTICLES; AGGREGATION; MECHANISMS; KINETICS; COLLOIDS AB Accurately predicting the fate and transport of graphene oxide (GO) in porous media is critical to assess its environmental impact. In this work, sand column experiments were conducted to determine the effect of input concentration and grain size on transport, retention, and size perturbation of GO in saturated porous media. The mobility of GO in the sand columns reduced with decreasing grain size and almost all GO were retained in fine sand columns for all of the tested conditions. This result can be explained with colloid filtration and XDLVO theories. Input concentration also influenced the retention and transport of GO in the sand columns because of the 'blocking' mechanism that reduces the particle retention rate. After passing through the column, average GO sizes increased dramatically. In addition, the sizes of GO retained in the sand also increased with travel distance. These results suggested that transport through the porous media induced GO aggregation. A mathematical model based on the advection-dispersion equation coupled with the second-order kinetics to reflect the blocking effect simulated the experimental data well. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Yuanyuan; Shi, Xiaoqing; Wu, Jichun] Nanjing Univ, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Hydrosci Dept, Key Lab Surficial Geochem,Minist Educ,Sch Earth S, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Sun, Yuanyuan; Gao, Bin; Wu, Lei; Chen, Hao] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bradford, Scott A.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Gao, B (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM bg55@ufl.edu; jcwu@nju.edu.cn RI Wu, Lei/B-7129-2015; Shi, Xiaoqing/G-4439-2010; Gao, Bin/B-8027-2010 OI Shi, Xiaoqing/0000-0002-5074-8856; Gao, Bin/0000-0003-3769-0191 FU NSFC [41030746, 41372234]; NSF [CBET-1213333]; China Research Council Scholarship FX This work was partially supported the NSFC (41030746 and 41372234) and NSF (CBET-1213333). Y.S. acknowledges the support of the China Research Council Scholarship. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 28 U2 89 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 68 BP 24 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.025 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AY7RO UT WOS:000347756900003 PM 25462714 ER PT J AU Muller, GC Hogsette, JA Kline, DL Beier, JC Revay, EE Xue, RD AF Mueller, Guenter C. Hogsette, Jerome A. Kline, Daniel L. Beier, John C. Revay, Edita E. Xue, Rui-De TI Response of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi to visual, physical and chemical attraction features in the field SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Sand flies; CDC traps; UV light; CO2; Visual preference ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; SYNTHETIC HUMAN ODOR; LUTZOMYIA-LONGIPALPIS; LIGHT TRAPS; SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY; FLIES DIPTERA; HUMAN SKIN; PSYCHODIDAE; CULICIDAE; LEISHMANIASIS AB In this study, 27 CDC traps were modified with various attractive features and compared with a CDC trap with no light source or baits to evaluate the effects on attraction to Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli) north of the Dead Sea near Jericho. Attractive features included CO2, lights, colored trap bodies, heat, moisture, chemical lures and different combinations of the same. Traps were placed 20 m apart and rotated from one trap location to the next after 24 h trapping periods. The most significant attractive feature was CO2, which attracted more sand flies than any other feature evaluated. Ultraviolet light was the next most attractive feature, followed by incandescent light. When evaluated alone, black or white trap bodies, heat and moisture, all influenced trap catch but effects were greater when these attractive features were used together. The results of this study suggest that traps with CO2 and UV light could be used in batteries as control interventions if suitable CO2 sources become available. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mueller, Guenter C.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, IMRIC,Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. [Hogsette, Jerome A.; Kline, Daniel L.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Beier, John C.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Revay, Edita E.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Bruce Rappaport Fac Med, IL-31096 Haifa, Israel. [Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. RP Muller, GC (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, IMRIC,Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. EM guntercmuller@hotmail.com NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 141 BP 32 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.06.007 PN A PG 5 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AY4ZI UT WOS:000347583000005 PM 24976070 ER EF