FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Xu, F Lyu, YF Tong, CF Wu, WM Zhu, XL Yin, DN Yan, Q Zhang, J Pang, XM Tobias, CM Wu, RL AF Xu, Fang Lyu, Yafei Tong, Chunfa Wu, Weimiao Zhu, Xuli Yin, Danni Yan, Qin Zhang, Jian Pang, Xiaoming Tobias, Christian M. Wu, Rongling TI A statistical model for QTL mapping in polysomic autotetraploids underlying double reduction SO BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE quantitative trait loci; polysomic autotetraploid; EM algorithm; quantitative genetic model ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BIVALENT POLYPLOID MODEL; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAPS; OUTCROSSING TETRAPLOIDS; ALFALFA; MARKERS; AUTOPOLYPLOIDS; MICROSATELLITE; CONSTRUCTION; ASSOCIATION AB As a group of economically important species, linkage mapping of polysomic autotetraploids, including potato, sugarcane and rose, is difficult to conduct due to their unique meiotic property of double reduction that allows sister chromatids to enter into the same gamete. We describe and assess a statistical model for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in polysomic autotetraploids. The model incorporates double reduction, built in the mixture model-based framework and implemented with the expectation-maximization algorithm. It allows the simultaneous estimation of QTL positions, QTL effects and the degree of double reduction as well as the assessment of the estimation precision of these parameters. We performed computer simulation to examine the statistical properties of the method and validate its use through analyzing real data in tetraploid switchgrass. C1 [Xu, Fang; Zhu, Xuli; Yin, Danni; Yan, Qin; Zhang, Jian; Wu, Rongling] Beijing Forestry Univ, Ctr Computat Biol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Lyu, Yafei] Penn State Univ, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Tong, Chunfa] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Wu, Weimiao; Pang, Xiaoming; Wu, Rongling] Beijing Forestry Univ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Tobias, Christian M.] USDA, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Wu, RL (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Ctr Computat Biol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM rwu@bjfu.edu.cn RI Tobias, Christian/B-6602-2009 OI Tobias, Christian/0000-0002-7881-750X FU Changjiang Scholars Award; 'Thousand-person Plan' Award FX This work is supported by Changjiang Scholars Award and 'Thousand-person Plan' Award. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1467-5463 EI 1477-4054 J9 BRIEF BIOINFORM JI Brief. Bioinform. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1044 EP 1056 DI 10.1093/bib/bbt073 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AU1MZ UT WOS:000345386100014 PM 24177379 ER PT J AU Saah, D Patterson, T Buchholz, T Ganz, D Albert, D Rush, K AF Saah, David Patterson, Trista Buchholz, Thomas Ganz, David Albert, David Rush, Keith TI Modeling economic and carbon consequences of a shift to wood-based energy in a rural 'cluster'; a network analysis in southeast Alaska SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Carbon accounting; Forest residue based biomass heating; Carbon lifecycle analysis; Carbon markets; Economic cluster analysis; Bioenergy ID SITKA SPRUCE STANDS; WESTERN HEMLOCK; UNDERSTORY VEGETATION; WILDLIFE HABITAT; FOREST; MANAGEMENT; BIOMASS; FOOTPRINT; GROWTH; CONSERVATION AB Integrated ecological and economic solutions are increasingly sought after by communities to provide basic energy needs such as home heating, transport, and electricity, while reducing drivers of and vulnerability to climate change. Small rural communities may require a coordinated approach to overcome the limitations of economies of scale. Low-carbon development strategies present potential for large payoffs at a household and community scale. Southeast Alaskan forests previously harvested for timber are currently re-growing and require thinning to maintain ecosystem service benefits such as wildlife habitat and hunting. Thinned material presents a potential biofuel source. However, without verification among decision alternatives, communities may not have the momentum, vision, or conviction to stimulate a shift to a new energy source. We present a network approach to evaluating multiple energy delivery pathways, and a calculation of carbon, energy, and dollar savings presented by each pathway. We quantify chain of production impacts; from the point of energy extraction and transport (upstream), through consumption and emission accounting (downstream). Our findings suggest substantial greenhouse gas emission savings of over 70% as well as heating cost savings for all bioenergy scenarios compared to fossil fuel scenarios. Outputs can facilitate dialog between land managers, planners, community members and decision-makers. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Saah, David; Buchholz, Thomas] Spatial Informat Grp LLC, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA. [Patterson, Trista] US Forest Serv, USDA, Sitka, AK USA. [Buchholz, Thomas] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Ganz, David] Winrock Int Livestock Res & Training Ctr, Bangkok 10500, Thailand. [Albert, David; Rush, Keith] Nat Conservancy Alaska, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Buchholz, T (reprint author), Spatial Informat Grp LLC, 3248 Northampton Ct, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA. EM thomas.buchholz@uvm.edu FU Nature Conservancy Alaska FX We acknowledge the financial support for this study by The Nature Conservancy Alaska. Maureen Puettmann, Allen Brackley, Dave Nicholls, and Robert Deal as well as two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments to earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 107 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.08.011 PG 12 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA AU2WG UT WOS:000345474800029 ER PT J AU Armatas, CA Venn, TJ Watson, AE AF Armatas, Christopher A. Venn, Tyron J. Watson, Alan E. TI Applying Q-methodology to select and define attributes for non-market valuation: A case study from Northwest Wyoming, United States SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Stated preference methods; Ecosystem services; Environmental goods; Environmental valuation; Factor analysis; Survey methods; Qualitative methods ID VALUING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ENVIRONMENTAL VALUATION; CHOICE EXPERIMENTS; PROTEST RESPONSES; HEALTH; VALUES; STAKEHOLDERS; PREFERENCES; GOVERNANCE; LANDSCAPE AB The underlying validity of stated preference non-market valuation methods relies on the analyst's ability to identify, select, define, and articulate the goods being valued in a way that is relevant and understandable to the respondent, which requires detailed understanding of the respondents' experiences and points of view. Poor articulation of the good being valued will result in biased to useless information for decision-makers. It should therefore be of concern to economists and policymakers that the question of how best to perform pre-design qualitative work with local stakeholders is a neglected area of inquiry. This paper assesses Q-methodology as an objective, transparent, easily replicable, and statistically-rigorous approach to qualitative research to support the selection and definition of attributes for non-market valuation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Armatas, Christopher A.; Venn, Tyron J.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Watson, Alan E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Armatas, CA (reprint author), Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM Christopher.armatas@umontana.edu; Tyron.venn@umontana.edu; awatson@fs.fed.us FU Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute [09-JV-11221639-205]; Forest Service in Cody, Wyoming FX This research was funded by the Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute (09-JV-11221639-205), which is administered by the Rocky Mountain Research Station of the U.S. Forest Service. We would like to thank all participants who contributed their valuable time to this research, with a special thanks to the Crow, Eastern Shoshone, and Northern Arapaho Tribes for their cooperation. The information and support provided by the Forest Service in Cody, Wyoming, was greatly appreciated. We would also like to thank Dan McCollum (economist with the Rocky Mountain Research Station) for commenting on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 71 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 107 BP 447 EP 456 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.09.010 PG 10 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA AU2WG UT WOS:000345474800043 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. TI Synthesis and assessment of date palm genetic diversity studies SO EMIRATES JOURNAL OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cultivar characterization; Genetic diversity; Germplasm; Molecular markers; Phenotype; Population differentiation ID PHOENIX-DACTYLIFERA L.; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; AFLP MARKERS; CULTIVARS; SUBPOPULATIONS; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS; BIODIVERSITY; VARIABILITY AB A thorough assessment of genetic diversity and population differentiation of Phoenix dactylifera are critical for its dynamic conservation and sustainable utilization of its genetic diversity. Estimates of genetic diversity based on phenotypic, biochemical and molecular markers; and fruit quality traits were utilized in assessing the population differentiation of date palm populations throughout its center of diversity. Some phenotypic traits may not exhibit variation in response to environmental or management factors and can be used as stable descriptors of date palm cultivars and for cultivar identification. The majority of analyzed studies based on isozyme and microsatellite markers, reported larger within-population than among-population genetic diversity levels. Most variation estimated for fruit quality traits was found among populations; however, substantial differences in genetic diversity components were found among and within populations. The overall partitioning of genetic diversity, based on phenotypic, biochemical, molecular, and fruit quality traits suggested that date palm cultivars represent a complex gene pool within which historical movement of germplasm, recent introductions and human selection are shaping their genetic structure. The empirical evidence derived from this assessment suggested that the genetic structure of date palm populations is controlled by the environment, isolation by distance, and the biological characteristics of the tree. C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM abdullah.jaradat@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIV PI AL AIN PA P. O. BOX 17551, AL AIN, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 2079-052X EI 2079-0538 J9 EMIR J FOOD AGR JI Emir. J. Food Agric. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 26 IS 11 BP 934 EP 952 DI 10.9755/ejfa.v26i11.18977 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AU4BU UT WOS:000345554800003 ER PT J AU Mullen, CA Boateng, AA Dadson, RB Hashem, FM AF Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. Dadson, Robert B. Hashem, Fawzy M. TI Biological Mineral Range Effects on Biomass Conversion to Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis over HZSM-5 SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; OXYGENATE COMPONENTS; FLUIDIZED-BED; OIL; TRANSFORMATION; ZEOLITE; PRODUCTS; LIGNIN AB A set of 20 biomass samples, comprising 10 genotypes of switchgrass, sorghum, and miscanthus grown in two different soils with high and low poultry manure input conditions and having a wide biological range of mineral content, were subjected to catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) over HZMS-5 using pyrolysisgas chromatography/mass spectrometry (PyGC/MS). The resulting products, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), naphthalenes, and gases, including carbon oxides, methane, and olefins, were quantified in terms of product carbon yield and chemical selectivity. The effects of the total ash content as well as the individual mineral components were compared to evaluate the effect of the natural range of these components on the product distribution. While there was considerable variation in the data because of the biological influence, a positive correlation was found between ash content and carbon conversion to aromatic hydrocarbons, which was particularly strong when considering only the switchgrass samples. This large degree of variation may be characteristic only of this sample set. Among individual mineral elements in the biomass, potassium, an essential mineral for plant growth, was found to have a strong negative influence on the carbon conversion to aromatic hydrocarbons, but iron was found to have a positive influence on the conversion to aromatics. Correlations between mineral content, the chemical intermediates from the incipient pyrolysis process, and the final CFP products suggest that the main influence of potassium is on the initial pyrolysis reactions, while iron may affect the catalytic reactions over HZSM-5. C1 [Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Dadson, Robert B.; Hashem, Fawzy M.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Agr, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. RP Mullen, CA (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.mullen@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [2010-38821-21580]; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)-Biomass Research and Development Initiative (BRDI) [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors thank Dr. Michelle Serapiglia and Jonathan Martin of the Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC) for assistance with the statistical analysis. Funding to the University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) under Award 2010-38821-21580 and funding to the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), USDA, from USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)-Biomass Research and Development Initiative (BRDI) Grant 2012-10008-20271 are hereby acknowledged. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD NOV PY 2014 VL 28 IS 11 BP 7014 EP 7024 DI 10.1021/ef502010t PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AU2TB UT WOS:000345469300038 ER PT J AU Amos, KH Gustafson, L Warg, J Whaley, J Purcell, M Rolland, J Winton, J Snekvik, K Meyers, T Stewart, B Kerwin, J Blair, M Bader, J Evered, J AF Amos, Kevin H. Gustafson, Lori Warg, Janet Whaley, Janet Purcell, Maureen Rolland, Jill Winton, James Snekvik, Kevin Meyers, Theodore Stewart, Bruce Kerwin, John Blair, Marilyn Bader, Joel Evered, Joy TI US Response to a Report of Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus in Western North America SO FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID ISAV AB Federal, state, and tribal fishery managers, as well as the general public and their elected representatives in the United States, were concerned when infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) was suspected for the first time in free-ranging Pacific Salmon collected from the coastal areas of British Columbia, Canada. This article documents how national and regional fishery managers and fish health specialists of the U.S. worked together and planned and implemented actions in response to the reported finding of ISAV in British Columbia. To date, the reports by Simon Fraser University remain unconfirmed and preliminary results from collaborative U.S. surveillance indicate that there is no evidence of ISAV in U.S. populations of free-ranging or marine-farmed salmonids on the west coast of North America. RESUMENLos manejadores de pesquerias a nivel federal, estatal y tribal asi como tambien el publico en general y sus representantes electos en los Estados Unidos de Norteamerica (EE.UU.) manifestaron su preocupacion ante la sospecha de la presencia del virus de anemia infecciosa (VAIS) cuando por primera vez se detecto en salmones del Pacifico colectados en su rango natural de distribucion en areas de la Columbia Britanica (CB) en Canada. En este articulo se documenta como administradores de pesquerias a nivel nacional y regional y especialistas en salud acuicola de los EE.UU. trabajaron, planearon e implementaron juntos acciones en respuesta a los hallazgos de VAIS en la CB. Hasta ahora, los reportes de la Universidad Simon Fraser permanecen sin confirmacion y los resultados preliminares por parte de agencias de inspeccion y vigilancia en los EE.UU. indican que no existe evidencia del VAIS en poblaciones de salmon marino cultivado en sus rangos naturales de distribucion dentro la costa noroeste de los EE.UU. C1 [Amos, Kevin H.] NOAA, Off Aquaculture, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Gustafson, Lori; Warg, Janet; Whaley, Janet] Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Gustafson, Lori; Warg, Janet; Whaley, Janet] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gustafson, Lori; Warg, Janet; Whaley, Janet] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Surveillance Preparedness & Response Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. [Purcell, Maureen; Rolland, Jill; Winton, James] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Dept Interior, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Snekvik, Kevin] Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Meyers, Theodore] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Commercial Fisheries Div, Juneau, AK 99811 USA. [Stewart, Bruce] Northwest Indian Fisheries Commiss, Olympia, WA 98516 USA. [Kerwin, John] Washington State Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Blair, Marilyn] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Interior, Dworshak Fish Hlth Ctr, Orofino, ID 83544 USA. [Bader, Joel] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Interior, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Evered, Joy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Interior, Olympia Fish Hlth Ctr, Olympia, WA USA. RP Amos, KH (reprint author), NOAA, Off Aquaculture, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM kevin.amos@noaa.gov FU USDA/APHIS; FWS FX The coauthors would like to recognize our respective agencies for their financial support to conduct the surveillance, research, and outreach/communication for this important topic. USDA/APHIS should be particularly recognized for their funding of laboratory testing of samples from Washington State, Alaska, and the NWIFC. The FWS should be commended for its support of these activities with both funding and regional staff involvement. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-2415 EI 1548-8446 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD NOV PY 2014 VL 39 IS 11 BP 501 EP 506 DI 10.1080/03632415.2014.967348 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AU2MI UT WOS:000345452000005 ER PT J AU Olson, DH Burton, JI AF Olson, Deanna H. Burton, Julia I. TI Near-Term Effects of Repeated-Thinning with Riparian Buffers on Headwater Stream Vertebrates and Habitats in Oregon, USA SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE amphibians; salamanders; timber harvest; Pacific Northwest; Dicamptodon; Rhyacotriton; Plethodon ID WESTERN OREGON; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FOREST MANAGEMENT; CONIFEROUS STANDS; TIMBER HARVEST; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; DENSITY MANAGEMENT; CHANNEL NETWORKS; COASTAL OREGON; DEBRIS FLOWS AB We examined the effects of a second-thinning harvest with alternative riparian buffer management approaches on headwater stream habitats and associated vertebrates in western Oregon, USA. Our analyses showed that stream reaches were generally distinguished primarily by average width and depth, along with the percentage of the dry reach length, and secondarily, by the volume of down wood. In the first year post-harvest, we observed no effects of buffer treatment on stream habitat attributes after moderate levels of thinning. One of two "thin-through" riparian treatments showed stronger trends for enlarged stream channels, likely due to harvest disturbances. The effects of buffer treatments on salamanders varied among species and with habitat structure. Densities of Plethodon dunni and Rhyacotriton species increased post-harvest in the moderate-density thinning with no-entry buffers in wider streams with more pools and narrower streams with more down wood, respectively. However, Rhyacotriton densities decreased along streams with the narrowest buffer, 6 m, and P. dunni and Dicamptodon tenebrosus densities decreased in thin-through buffers. Our study supports the use of a 15-m or wider buffer to retain sensitive headwater stream amphibians. C1 [Olson, Deanna H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Burton, Julia I.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Olson, DH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dedeolson@fs.fed.us; julia.burton@oregonstate.edu RI Burton, Julia/C-8395-2009 OI Burton, Julia/0000-0002-3205-8819 FU Oregon State Office of the USA Bureau of Land Management; Pacific Northwest Research Station of the USA Forest Service; Oregon State University FX We thank the Oregon State Office of the USA Bureau of Land Management, the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the USA Forest Service and Oregon State University for funding support. We are especially grateful to Klaus Puettmann for his support of our study, Loretta Ellenburg for leading our field surveys, Kelly Christiansen for GIS expertise, Kathryn Ronnenberg for editorial and graphical assistance, Ariel Muldoon for statistical consultation and BLM site coordinators for logistical support, including Charley Thompson, Hugh Snook, Craig Kintop, Peter O'Toole, Frank Price, Rick Schultz, Sharmila Premdas and Trixie Moser. NR 81 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD NOV PY 2014 VL 5 IS 11 BP 2703 EP 2729 DI 10.3390/f5112703 PG 27 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AU3RJ UT WOS:000345531000007 ER PT J AU Dodds, KJ Cooke, RR Hanavan, RP AF Dodds, Kevin J. Cooke, Robert R. Hanavan, Ryan P. TI The Effects of Silvicultural Treatment on Sirex noctilio Attacks and Tree Health in Northeastern United States SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE tree health; stand thinning; spectral analysis; vegetation indices ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MANAGEMENT; RESISTANCE; WOODWASP; STANDS AB The invasive woodwasp Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) is established in east-central North America. A replicated case study testing the effectiveness of silvicultural treatments for reducing the number of S. noctilio attacked trees in a stand was conducted in New York, USA. Silvicultural treatments reduced S. noctilio attacked trees by approximately 75% over the course of the study. There was no tree growth response to silvicultural treatments in the four years after thinning, but targeted removal of weakened trees removed potential S. noctilio habitat from treated stands. Two spectral vegetation indices were used to determine tree health in each treatment and potentially provide guidance for detection efforts. Silvicultural treatment significantly influenced the Red Edge Inflection Point, a strong indicator of chlorophyll content, and the Moisture Stress Index, a reflectance measurement sensitive to changes in foliar leaf water content, with the greatest differences occurring between control and treated blocks. Vegetation indices showed promise as a tool for aiding in stand prioritization for S. noctilio surveys or management activities. C1 [Dodds, Kevin J.; Cooke, Robert R.; Hanavan, Ryan P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Dodds, KJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM kdodds@fs.fed.us; rcooke@fs.fed.us; rhanavan02@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry; U.S. Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team FX The authors thank the Forestry group at Ft. Drum Military Base, including Jason Wagner, Rodger Voss, and Travis Ganter whose partnership was critical to the success of the stand thinning project. We also thank U.S. Forest Service personnel including Garret Dubois, Molly Heuss, Jonathan Janelle, Tom Luther, Bob Rabaglia, Richard Reardon, Noel Schneeberger, Nate Siegert, Michael Simmons, and Maria Vasta. Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry and the U.S. Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD NOV PY 2014 VL 5 IS 11 BP 2810 EP 2824 DI 10.3390/f5112810 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AU3RJ UT WOS:000345531000012 ER PT J AU Sattler, SE Saballos, A Xin, ZG Funnell-Harris, DL Vermerris, W Pedersen, JF AF Sattler, Scott E. Saballos, Ana Xin, Zhanguo Funnell-Harris, Deanna L. Vermerris, Wilfred Pedersen, Jeffrey F. TI Characterization of Novel Sorghum brown midrib Mutants from an EMS-Mutagenized Population SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE acid detergent lignin (ADL); ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS); bioenergy; forage composition; allelism ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE GENE; ACID O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; PLANT-CELL WALLS; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; PEARL-MILLET; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; GRAIN-SORGHUM; BMR-12 GENES; FORAGE AB Reducing lignin concentration in lignocellulosic biomass can increase forage digestibility for ruminant livestock and saccharification yields of biomass for bioenergy. In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and several other C4 grasses, brown midrib (bmr) mutants have been shown to reduce lignin concentration. Putative bmr mutants isolated from an EMS-mutagenized population were characterized and classified based on their leaf midrib phenotype and allelism tests with the previously described sorghum bmr mutants bmr2, bmr6, and bmr12. These tests resulted in the identification of additional alleles of bmr2, bmr6, and bmr12, and, in addition, six bmr mutants were identified that were not allelic to these previously described loci. Further allelism testing among these six bmr mutants showed that they represented four novel bmr loci. Based on this study, the number of bmr loci uncovered in sorghum has doubled. The impact of these lines on agronomic traits and lignocellulosic composition was assessed in a 2-yr field study. Overall, most of the identified bmr lines showed reduced lignin concentration of their biomass relative to wild-type (WT). Effects of the six new bmr mutants on enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic materials were determined, but the amount of glucose released from the stover was similar to WT in all cases. Like bmr2, bmr6, and bmr12, these mutants may affect monolignol biosynthesis and may be useful for bioenergy and forage improvement when stacked together or in combination with the three previously described bmr alleles. C1 [Sattler, Scott E.; Funnell-Harris, Deanna L.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sattler, Scott E.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Saballos, Ana] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Saballos, Ana] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Xin, Zhanguo] ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Funnell-Harris, Deanna L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Vermerris, Wilfred] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Vermerris, Wilfred] Univ Florida, Cell Sci & Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Sattler, SE (reprint author), ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA, 137 Keim Hall,East Campus UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Scott.Sattler@ars.usda.gov FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER64458]; USDA-ARS; CRIS [5440-21220-032-00D]; USDA AFRI [2011-67009-30026]; USDA Biomass Research and Development Initiative [2011-10006-30358] FX We thank Tammy Gries, Steve Masterson, Pat O'Neill, and John Toy for their technical assistance with experimental data presented in this manuscript, and Dr. Heather Van Buskirk for critically reviewing the manuscript. This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-07ER64458 (Wilfred Vermerris, Scott E. Sattler, Jeffrey F. Pedersen), and additional funding from USDA-ARS, CRIS project 5440-21220-032-00D (S. E. S, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris.), USDA AFRI grant number 2011-67009-30026 (S. E. S, D. L. F. H., J.F.P), and USDA Biomass Research and Development Initiative grant number 2011-10006-30358 (W.V.). NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 14 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2115 EP 2124 DI 10.1534/g3.114.014001 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AU0BR UT WOS:000345288700007 PM 25187038 ER PT J AU Reddy, UK Nimmakayala, P Levi, A Abburi, VL Saminathan, T Tomason, YR Vajja, G Reddy, R Abburi, L Wehner, TC Ronin, Y Karol, A AF Reddy, Umesh K. Nimmakayala, Padma Levi, Amnon Abburi, Venkata Lakshmi Saminathan, Thangasamy Tomason, Yan. R. Vajja, Gopinath Reddy, Rishi Abburi, Lavanya Wehner, Todd C. Ronin, Yefim Karol, Abraham TI High-Resolution Genetic Map for Understanding the Effect of Genome-Wide Recombination Rate on Nucleotide Diversity in Watermelon SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE high-density genetic map; genotyping by sequencing; genome-wide recombination rate; linkage disequilibrium; selective sweep; watermelon ID CITRULLUS-LANATUS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATIONS; ACCESSIONS; SOFTWARE; MAIZE; EVOLUTION; SELECTION; MARKERS; SCANS AB We used genotyping by sequencing to identify a set of 10,480 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for constructing a high-resolution genetic map of 1096 cM for watermelon. We assessed the genome-wide variation in recombination rate (GWRR) across the map and found an association between GWRR and genome-wide nucleotide diversity. Collinearity between the map and the genome-wide reference sequence for watermelon was studied to identify inconsistency and chromosome rearrangements. We assessed genome-wide nucleotide diversity, linkage disequilibrium (LD), and selective sweep for wild, semi-wild, and domesticated accessions of Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus to track signals of domestication. Principal component analysis combined with chromosome-wide phylogenetic study based on 1563 SNPs obtained after LD pruning with minor allele frequency of 0.05 resolved the differences between semi-wild and wild accessions as well as relationships among worldwide sweet watermelon. Population structure analysis revealed predominant ancestries for wild, semi-wild, and domesticated watermelons as well as admixture of various ancestries that were important for domestication. Sliding window analysis of Tajima's D across various chromosomes was used to resolve selective sweep. LD decay was estimated for various chromosomes. We identified a strong selective sweep on chromosome 3 consisting of important genes that might have had a role in sweet watermelon domestication. C1 [Reddy, Umesh K.; Nimmakayala, Padma; Abburi, Venkata Lakshmi; Saminathan, Thangasamy; Tomason, Yan. R.; Vajja, Gopinath; Reddy, Rishi; Abburi, Lavanya] West Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Wehner, Todd C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ronin, Yefim; Karol, Abraham] Univ Haifa, Inst Evolut, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. RP Reddy, UK (reprint author), West Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dept Biol, 25 Barron Dr, Institute, WV 25112 USA. EM ureddy@wvstateu.edu FU USDA-NIFA [2013-38821-21453]; NSF-EPSCOR [1003907]; Gus R. Douglass Institute; NIH [P20RR016477] FX This project was supported by the USDA-NIFA (no. 2013-38821-21453), NSF-EPSCOR (no. 1003907), Gus R. Douglass Institute, and NIH (no. P20RR016477). The authors are grateful to R. Jarret, PGRCU, and USDA-ARS (Griffin, GA) for providing the seeds for the germplasm accessions. The authors are thankful to S. Malkaram for population structure analysis on High Performance Computer. NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 29 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2219 EP 2230 DI 10.1534/g3.114.012815 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AU0BR UT WOS:000345288700017 PM 25227227 ER PT J AU Vaughn, JN Nelson, RL Song, QJ Cregan, PB Li, ZL AF Vaughn, Justin N. Nelson, Randall L. Song, Qijian Cregan, Perry B. Li, Zenglu TI The Genetic Architecture of Seed Composition in Soybean Is Refined by Genome-Wide Association Scans Across Multiple Populations SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE genome-wide association; QTL; protein; oil; amino acid; soybean population structure ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LINKAGE GROUP-I; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; STORAGE PROTEIN; MODEL APPROACH; OIL CONTENT; METHIONINE; QUALITY; OLIGOSACCHARIDE; SELECTION AB Soybean oil and meal are major contributors to world-wide food production. Consequently, the genetic basis for soybean seed composition has been intensely studied using family-based mapping. Population-based mapping approaches, in the form of genome-wide association (GWA) scans, have been able to resolve loci controlling moderately complex quantitative traits (QTL) in numerous crop species. Yet, it is still unclear how soybean's unique population history will affect GWA scans. Using one of the populations in this study, we simulated phenotypes resulting from a range of genetic architectures. We found that with a heritability of 0.5, similar to 100% and similar to 33% of the 4 and 20 simulated QTL can be recovered, respectively, with a false-positive rate of less than similar to 6 x10(-5) per marker tested. Additionally, we demonstrated that combining information from multi-locus mixed models and compressed linear-mixed models improves QTL identification and interpretation. We applied these insights to exploring seed composition in soybean, refining the linkage group I (chromosome 20) protein QTL and identifying additional oil QTL that may allow some decoupling of highly correlated oil and protein phenotypes. Because the value of protein meal is closely related to its essential amino acid profile, we attempted to identify QTL underlying methionine, threonine, cysteine, and lysine content. Multiple QTL were found that have not been observed in family-based mapping studies, and each trait exhibited associations across multiple populations. Chromosomes 1 and 8 contain strong candidate alleles for essential amino acid increases. Overall, we present these and additional data that will be useful in determining breeding strategies for the continued improvement of soybean's nutrient portfolio. C1 [Vaughn, Justin N.; Li, Zenglu] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Vaughn, Justin N.; Li, Zenglu] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] Univ Illinois, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Song, Qijian; Cregan, Perry B.] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Li, ZL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, 111 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM zli@uga.edu FU United Soybean Board FX We thank Roger Boerma and two anonymous reviewers for their comments regarding the manuscript. The funding for this research was supplied by the United Soybean Board. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 26 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 4 IS 11 BP 2283 EP 2294 DI 10.1534/g3.114.013433 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AU0BR UT WOS:000345288700024 PM 25246241 ER PT J AU Spackman, E Swayne, DE Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Wan, XF Torchetti, MK Hassan, M Suarez, DL Silva, MSE AF Spackman, Erica Swayne, David E. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Wan, Xiu-Feng Torchetti, Mia K. Hassan, Mohammad Suarez, David L. Sa e Silva, Mariana TI Variation in protection of four divergent avian influenza virus vaccine seed strains against eight clade 2.2.1 and 2.2.1.1. Egyptian H5N1 high pathogenicity variants in poultry SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE H5N1; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; poultry vaccination ID GENETIC EVOLUTION; CHICKENS; HEMAGGLUTININ; ANTIBODIES; EFFICACY; CHINA; PCR AB BackgroundHighly pathogenic (HP) H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) was introduced to Egyptian poultry in 2006 and has since become enzootic. Vaccination has been utilized as a control tool combined with other control methods, but for a variety of reasons, the disease has not been eradicated. In 2007, an antigenically divergent hemagglutinin subclade, 2.2.1.1, emerged from the original clade 2.2.1 viruses. ObjectivesThe objective was to evaluate four diverse AIV isolates for use as vaccines in chickens, including two commercial vaccines and two additional contemporary isolates, against challenge with numerous clade 2.2.1 and clade 2.2.1.1 H5N1 HPAIV Egyptian isolates to assess the variation in protection among different vaccine and challenge virus combinations. MethodsVaccination-challenge studies with four vaccines and up to eight challenge strains with each vaccine for a total of 25 vaccination-challenge groups were conducted with chickens. An additional eight groups served as sham-vaccinated controls. Mortality, mean death time, morbidity, virus, and pre-challenge antibodies were evaluated as metrics of protection. Hemagglutination inhibition data were used to visualize the antigenic relatedness of the isolates. Results and conclusionsAlthough all but one vaccine-challenge virus combination significantly reduced shed and mortality as compared to sham vaccinates, there were differences in protection among the vaccines relative to one another based on challenge virus. This emphasizes the difficulty in vaccinating against diverse, evolving virus populations, and the importance of selecting optimal vaccine seed strains for successful HPAIV control. C1 [Spackman, Erica; Swayne, David E.; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Suarez, David L.; Sa e Silva, Mariana] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Wan, Xiu-Feng] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Basic Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Torchetti, Mia K.] World Org Anim Hlth, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis, Food & Agr Org United Nations, Paris, France. [Torchetti, Mia K.] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Global Network Expertise Anim Influenza OFFLU, Paris, France. [Torchetti, Mia K.] World Org Anim Hlth, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis, Food & Agr Org United Nations, Rome, Italy. [Torchetti, Mia K.] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Global Network Expertise Anim Influenza OFFLU, Rome, Italy. [Torchetti, Mia K.] OFFLU, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. [Hassan, Mohammad] Anim Hlth Res Inst, Natl Lab Vet Qual Control Poultry Prod, Giza, Egypt. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Erica.spackman@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6612-32000-063-00D]; FAO OSRO/EGY/801/USA; USDA-ARS [58-6612-8-084F] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Joan Beck, Scott Lee, Jialiang Yang, Kira Moresco, Diane Smith, Eric Shepherd, James Doster, Samir Nassif for technical assistance with this work. Funding was partly provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service project 6612-32000-063-00D and by the FAO grant OSRO/EGY/801/USA USDA-ARS agreement number 58-6612-8-084F. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD NOV PY 2014 VL 8 IS 6 BP 654 EP 662 DI 10.1111/irv.12290 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AU6HE UT WOS:000345703600008 PM 25277652 ER PT J AU Ravva, SV Sarreal, CZ AF Ravva, Subbarao V. Sarreal, Chester Z. TI Survival of Salmonella enterica in Aerated and Nonaerated Wastewaters from Dairy Lagoons SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Integrated Science and Knowledge Co-Production for Ecosystems and Human Well-Being CY MAY 25-31, 2014 CL Villa Vigoni, ITALY DE Salmonella; aeration; dairy wastewater; aerators; manure; survival; decimal reduction times; Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Montevideo; Salmonella Thompson ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ZOONOTIC AGENTS; MANURE SLURRY; WASTE-WATER; COW MANURE; TYPHIMURIUM; PATHOGENS; ENTERITIDIS; AMMONIA; STORAGE AB Salmonella is the most commonly identified foodborne pathogen in produce, meat and poultry. Cattle are known reservoirs of Salmonella and the pathogen excreted in feces ends up in manure flush lagoons. Salmonella enterica survival was monitored in wastewater from on-site holding lagoons equipped or not with circulating aerators at two dairies. All strains had poor survival rates and none proliferated in waters from aerated or settling lagoons. Populations of all three Salmonella serovars declined rapidly with decimal reduction times (D) of <2 days in aerated microcosms prepared from lagoon equipped with circulators. Populations of Salmonella decreased significantly in aerated microcosms (D = 4.2 d) compared to nonaerated waters (D = 7.4 d) and in summer (D = 3.4 d) compared to winter (D = 9.0 d). We propose holding the wastewater for sufficient decimal reduction cycles in lagoons to yield pathogen-free nutrient-rich water for crop irrigations and fertilization. C1 [Ravva, Subbarao V.; Sarreal, Chester Z.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Ravva, SV (reprint author), ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM subbarao.ravva@ars.usda.gov; chester.sarreal@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [5325-42000-046] FX We thank Anna Korn for technical assistance. The work was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-046. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD NOV PY 2014 VL 11 IS 11 BP 11249 EP 11260 DI 10.3390/ijerph111111249 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AU3RT UT WOS:000345532000014 PM 25358096 ER PT J AU Jahns, L McDonald, LR Wadsworth, A Morin, C Liu, Y AF Jahns, Lisa McDonald, Leander R. Wadsworth, Ann Morin, Charles Liu, Yan TI Barriers and Facilitators to Being Physically Active on a Rural US Northern Plains American Indian Reservation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE American Indians; physical activity; rural; reservation; barriers; facilitators ID NOMINAL GROUP TECHNIQUE; RISK-FACTORS; OBESITY PREVENTION; METABOLIC SYNDROME; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; HEALTH BEHAVIORS; ALASKA NATIVES; UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; WOMEN AB The objective of the present study was to identify barriers to and facilitators of physical activity among American Indian adults living on a rural, U.S. Northern Plains reservation using the nominal group technique (NGT). NGT is a method of data generation and interpretation that combines aspects of qualitative (free generation of responses) and quantitative (systematic ranking of responses) methodologies. Adults participated in one of two NGT sessions asking about either barriers to (n = 6), or facilitators of (n = 5), being physically active. Participants nominated and ranked 21 barriers and 18 facilitators. Barriers indicated lack of knowledge of how to fit physical activity into a daily schedule, work, caring for family members, and prioritizing sedentary pursuits. Other responses included environmental barriers such as lack of access and transportation to a gym, unsafe walking conditions, and inclement weather. Facilitators to following recommendations included knowledge of health benefits of physical activity and the perception of physical activity as enjoyable, including feeling good when working out. Environmental facilitators included being outdoors walking and biking as well as parks and exercise facilities. Responses provided direction for locally designed community-based programs to promote facilitators and decrease barriers to individual's engagement in physical activity. C1 [Jahns, Lisa] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [McDonald, Leander R.] Spirit Lake Dakota Nation, Ft Totten, ND 58335 USA. [Wadsworth, Ann] Spirit Lake Dakota Nation, Cankdeska Cikana Community Coll, Ft Totten, ND 58370 USA. [Morin, Charles] Spirit Lake Dakota Nation, Tate Topa Tribal Sch, St Michael, ND 58370 USA. [Liu, Yan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Jahns, L (reprint author), ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 2420 2nd Ave North, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM lisa.jahns@ars.usda.gov; lrmcdonald@spiritlakenation.com; ann.wadsworth@littlehoop.edu; cmorin@gondtc.com; yliu3@bcm.edu RI Dey, Kamalesh/E-6568-2017 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service [USDA 5450-51000-049-00D] FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, USDA 5450-51000-049-00D. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or the Agricultural Research Service, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. The funding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of the data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the tribal council for approving this research and the community members who gave of their time and expertise to participate in the study. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 18 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD NOV PY 2014 VL 11 IS 11 BP 12053 EP 12063 DI 10.3390/ijerph111112053 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AU3RT UT WOS:000345532000063 PM 25421064 ER PT J AU Lulai, EC Neubauer, JD Suttle, JC AF Lulai, Edward C. Neubauer, Jonathan D. Suttle, Jeffrey C. TI Kinetics and localization of wound-induced DNA biosynthesis in potato tuber SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phellogen; Potato; S-phase; Suberization; Wound-heal; Wound- periderm ID CELL-CYCLE; CLOSING LAYER; TISSUE; GENES; ACID AB Tuber wounding induces a cascade of biological responses that are involved in processes required to heal and protect surviving plant tissues. Little is known about the coordination of these processes, including essential wound-induced DNA synthesis, yet they play critical roles in maintaining marketability of the harvested crop and tubers cut for seed. A sensitive "Click-iT EdU Assay" employing incorporation of the thymidine analog, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), in conjunction with 4',6-diamindino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) counter labeling, was employed to objectively identify and determine the time course and spatial distribution of tuber nuclei that were wound-induced to enter S-phase of the cell cycle. Both labeling procedures are rapid and sensitive in situ. Following wounding, EdU incorporation (indicating DNA synthesis) was not detectable until after 12 h, rapidly reached a maximum at about 18 h and then declined to near zero at 48 h. About 28% of the nuclei were EdU labeled at 18 h reflecting the proportion of cells in S-phase of the cell cycle. During the similar to 30 h in which induced cells were progressing through S-phase, de novo DNA synthesis extended 7-8 cell layers below the wound surface. Cessation of nuclear DNA synthesis occurred about 4 d prior to completion of wound closing layer formation. Initiation of wound periderm development followed at 7 d, i.e. about 5 d after cessation of nuclear DNA biosynthesis; at this time the phellogen developed and meristematic activity was detected via the production of new phellem cells. Collectively, these results provide new insight into the coordination of wound-induced nucleic acid synthesis with associated tuber wound-healing processes. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Lulai, Edward C.; Neubauer, Jonathan D.; Suttle, Jeffrey C.] USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Potato Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Lulai, EC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Potato Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Ed.Lulai@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 EI 1618-1328 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 171 IS 17 BP 1571 EP 1575 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.07.013 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AU5FL UT WOS:000345632500003 PM 25151125 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Chan, KL AF Kim, Jong H. Chan, Kathleen L. TI Augmenting the Antifungal Activity of an Oxidizing Agent with Kojic Acid: Control of Penicillium Strains Infecting Crops SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE antifungal; chemosensitization; heat treatment; hydrogen peroxide; kojic acid; mycotoxin; Penicillium ID ACTIVATION; RESISTANT; EXPANSUM; FLUCONAZOLE; DIGITATUM; SYNERGY; FUNGI; FRUIT AB Oxidative treatment is one of the strategies for preventing Penicillium contamination in crops/foods. The antifungal efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; oxidant) was investigated in Penicillium strains by using kojic acid (KA) as a chemosensitizing agent, which can enhance the susceptibility of pathogens to antifungal agents. Co-application of KA with H2O2 (chemosensitization) resulted in the enhancement of antifungal activity of either compound, when compared to the independent application of each agent alone. Of note, heat enhanced the activity of H2O2 to a greater extent during chemosensitization, whereby the minimum inhibitory or minimum fungicidal concentrations of H2O2 was decreased up to 4 or 13 fold, respectively, at 35-45 degrees C (heat), when compared to that at 28 degrees C (normal growth temperature). However, heat didn't increase the antifungal activity of KA, indicating specificity exists between heat and types of antifungals applied. The effect of chemosensitization was also strain-specific, where P. expansum (both parental and fludioxonil-resistant mutants) or P. italicum 983 exhibited relatively higher susceptibility to the chemosensitization, comparing to other Penicillium strains tested. Collectively, chemosensitization can serve as a potent antifungal strategy to lower effective dosages of toxic antifungal substances, such as H2O2. This can lead to coincidental lowering of environmental and health risks. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Chan, Kathleen L.] USDA ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jongheon.kim@ars.usda.gov; kathy.chan@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-42000-037-00D] FX We thank Chang-Lin Xiao, Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA, for providing us the wild type and fludioxonil-resistant P. expansum strains. This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-037-00D. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD NOV PY 2014 VL 19 IS 11 BP 18448 EP 18464 DI 10.3390/molecules191118448 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AU4FC UT WOS:000345564300079 PM 25397736 ER PT J AU Kustova, T Karpenyuk, T Jacob, M Cantrell, C Ross, S AF Kustova, T. Karpenyuk, T. Jacob, M. Cantrell, C. Ross, S. TI Antibacterial effect of crude dichloromethane extract and fractions obtained from Vexibia alopecuroides L. Jakovl SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 62nd International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Medicinal-Plant-and-Natural-Product-Research CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 2014 CL Guimaraes, PORTUGAL SP Soc Med Plant & Nat Prod Res DE Vexibia alopecuroides L.; crude extract; fractions; antibacterial activity C1 [Kustova, T.; Karpenyuk, T.] Al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Fac Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Jacob, M.; Ross, S.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, NCNPR, University, MS USA. [Cantrell, C.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. RI Karpenyuk, Tatyana/P-7980-2014 OI Karpenyuk, Tatyana/0000-0002-6985-7112 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 EI 1439-0221 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 80 IS 16 MA P2B12 BP 1486 EP 1486 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA AU4AB UT WOS:000345550400415 ER PT J AU Allison, AB Kohler, DJ Ortega, A Hoover, EA Grove, DM Holmes, EC Parrish, CR AF Allison, Andrew B. Kohler, Dennis J. Ortega, Alicia Hoover, Elizabeth A. Grove, Daniel M. Holmes, Edward C. Parrish, Colin R. TI Host-Specific Parvovirus Evolution in Nature Is Recapitulated by In Vitro Adaptation to Different Carnivore Species SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS; CANINE TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; CAPSID STRUCTURE; RANGE; BINDING; EMERGENCE; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; PATHOGENS; SEQUENCE AB Canine parvovirus (CPV) emerged as a new pandemic pathogen of dogs in the 1970s and is closely related to feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), a parvovirus of cats and related carnivores. Although both viruses have wide host ranges, analysis of viral sequences recovered from different wild carnivore species, as shown here, demonstrated that >95% were derived from CPV-like viruses, suggesting that CPV is dominant in sylvatic cycles. Many viral sequences showed host-specific mutations in their capsid proteins, which were often close to sites known to control binding to the transferrin receptor (TfR), the host receptor for these carnivore parvoviruses, and which exhibited frequent parallel evolution. To further examine the process of host adaptation, we passaged parvoviruses with alternative backgrounds in cells from different carnivore hosts. Specific mutations were selected in several viruses and these differed depending on both the background of the virus and the host cells in which they were passaged. Strikingly, these in vitro mutations recapitulated many specific changes seen in viruses from natural populations, strongly suggesting they are host adaptive, and which were shown to result in fitness advantages over their parental virus. Comparison of the sequences of the transferrin receptors of the different carnivore species demonstrated that many mutations occurred in and around the apical domain where the virus binds, indicating that viral variants were likely selected through their fit to receptor structures. Some of the viruses accumulated high levels of variation upon passage in alternative hosts, while others could infect multiple different hosts with no or only a few additional mutations. Overall, these studies demonstrate that the evolutionary history of a virus, including how long it has been circulating and in which hosts, as well as its phylogenetic background, has a profound effect on determining viral host range. C1 [Allison, Andrew B.; Ortega, Alicia; Hoover, Elizabeth A.; Parrish, Colin R.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kohler, Dennis J.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Grove, Daniel M.] North Dakota State Govt, North Dakota Game & Fish Dept, Bismarck, ND USA. [Holmes, Edward C.] Univ Sydney, Marie Bashir Inst Infect Dis & Biosecur, Charles Perkins Ctr, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Holmes, Edward C.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Allison, AB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM aba75@cornell.edu OI Allison, Andrew B./0000-0003-0971-1215; Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RO1GM8496821, R01AI092571]; National Research Service Award Fellowship from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH [F32AI100545]; National Health and Medical Research Council Australia; United States Fish and Wildlife Service [W-67-R-50, W-67-R-51, W-67-R-52, W-67-R-53] FX Research was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant RO1GM8496821 to CRP and ECH, by NIH grant R01AI092571 to CRP, and by a National Research Service Award Fellowship (F32AI100545) to ABA from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH (http://www.nih.gov/). ECH is additionally supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Australia Fellowship (https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/). Funding for sampling of wild carnivores was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture-Animal Plant Health Inspection Service-Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Disease Surveillance and Emergency Response Program (http://www.aphis.usda.gov/wps/portal/aphis/ourfocus/wildlifedamage) and by the North Dakota Game and Fish Department (NDGFD) (http://gf.nd.gov/). All NDGFD carnivore tissue samples were collected under studies funded in part and approved by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Grant Agreements for 2010-2014 Project W-67-R-50, W-67-R-51, W-67-R-52, W-67-R-53; Studies E-II, E-III, E-XI. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 26 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 10 IS 11 AR e1004475 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004475 PG 17 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA AU3LX UT WOS:000345515800014 PM 25375184 ER PT J AU Reif, KE Palmer, GH Crowder, DW Ueti, MW Noh, SM AF Reif, Kathryn E. Palmer, Guy H. Crowder, David W. Ueti, Massaro W. Noh, Susan M. TI Restriction of Francisella novicida Genetic Diversity during Infection of the Vector Midgut SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; MULTIPLE-STRAIN INFECTIONS; MIXED-GENOTYPE INFECTIONS; WITHIN-HOST COMPETITION; TICK-BORNE TRANSMISSION; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ANAPLASMA-MARGINALE; MALARIA INFECTIONS; DYNAMIC TRANSMISSION AB The genetic diversity of pathogens, and interactions between genotypes, can strongly influence pathogen phenotypes such as transmissibility and virulence. For vector-borne pathogens, both mammalian hosts and arthropod vectors may limit pathogen genotypic diversity (number of unique genotypes circulating in an area) by preventing infection or transmission of particular genotypes. Mammalian hosts often act as "ecological filters'' for pathogen diversity, where novel variants are frequently eliminated because of stochastic events or fitness costs. However, whether vectors can serve a similar role in limiting pathogen diversity is less clear. Here we show using Francisella novicida and a natural tick vector of Francisella spp. (Dermacentor andersoni), that the tick vector acted as a stronger ecological filter for pathogen diversity compared to the mammalian host. When both mice and ticks were exposed to mixtures of F. novicida genotypes, significantly fewer genotypes co-colonized ticks compared to mice. In both ticks and mice, increased genotypic diversity negatively affected the recovery of available genotypes. Competition among genotypes contributed to the reduction of diversity during infection of the tick midgut, as genotypes not recovered from tick midguts during mixed genotype infections were recovered from tick midguts during individual genotype infection. Mediated by stochastic and selective forces, pathogen genotype diversity was markedly reduced in the tick. We incorporated our experimental results into a model to demonstrate how vector population dynamics, especially vector-to-host ratio, strongly affected pathogen genotypic diversity in a population over time. Understanding pathogen genotypic population dynamics will aid in identification of the variables that most strongly affect pathogen transmission and disease ecology. C1 [Reif, Kathryn E.; Palmer, Guy H.; Noh, Susan M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Reif, Kathryn E.; Palmer, Guy H.; Noh, Susan M.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Reif, Kathryn E.; Ueti, Massaro W.; Noh, Susan M.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Crowder, David W.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Reif, KE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kreif@vetmed.wsu.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI093524, AI044005, T32AI007025]; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-32000-033-00D] FX This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (AI093524 to SMN; AI044005 to GHP; and T32AI007025 to GHP which was used to support KER) and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (5348-32000-033-00D to SNM and MWU). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 10 IS 11 AR e1004499 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004499 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA AU3LX UT WOS:000345515800024 PM 25392914 ER PT J AU Crawford, MA Broadhurst, CL Guest, M Nagar, A Wang, YQ Ghebremeskel, K Schmidt, WF AF Crawford, Michael A. Broadhurst, C. Leigh Guest, Martin Nagar, Atulya Wang, Yiqun Ghebremeskel, Kebreab Schmidt, Walter F. TI A quantum theory for the irreplaceable role of docosahexaenoic acid in neural cell signalling throughout evolution (vol 88, pg 5, 2013) SO PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS LA English DT Correction C1 [Crawford, Michael A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Canc & Surg, Div Reprod Physiol Obstet & Gynaecol, London SW10 9NH, England. [Broadhurst, C. Leigh; Schmidt, Walter F.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Guest, Martin; Nagar, Atulya] Liverpool Hope Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Wang, Yiqun; Ghebremeskel, Kebreab] London Metropolitan Univ, London, England. RP Crawford, MA (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Canc & Surg, Div Reprod Physiol Obstet & Gynaecol, Room 334,Chelsea & Westminster Hosp Campus,369 Fu, London SW10 9NH, England. EM michael.crawford@imperial.ac.uk RI Nagar, Atulya/A-6387-2012 OI Nagar, Atulya/0000-0001-5549-6435 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0952-3278 EI 1532-2823 J9 PROSTAG LEUKOTR ESS JI Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids PD NOV PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 233 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.07.001 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AU2XJ UT WOS:000345477600008 ER PT J AU Svejcar, T James, J Hardegree, S Sheley, R AF Svejcar, Tony James, Jeremy Hardegree, Stuart Sheley, Roger TI Incorporating Plant Mortality and Recruitment Into Rangeland Management and Assessment SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE disturbance; plant succession; recruitment; state-and-transition models; thresholds ID TUSSOCK PERENNIAL GRASSES; SEEDLING RECRUITMENT; JUNIPER ENCROACHMENT; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; BOUTELOUA-GRACILIS; ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS; TRANSITION MODELS; BIG SAGEBRUSH; DEATH MODEL; RESTORATION AB Rangeland management is largely focused on managing vegetation change. Objectives may include managing against change if the desired vegetation is in place, or attempting to create a shift in vegetation if the desired plant community is not present. There is a rich body of research documenting influences of disturbance and management on rangeland vegetation. However, in many cases the information is largely observational and does not identify mechanisms driving change. We propose using the regeneration niche concept to more effectively predict when vegetation change is possible and to suggest successional direction. Simply stated, as plants die and leave gaps in the community, recruitment of new individuals will dictate successional direction. Recruitment requires that propagules are present, that the propagules find safe sites in which to establish, and that the seedlings and young plants are able to compete with existing vegetation and survive. In many rangeland communities, perennial bunchgrasses are a key to stability and invasion resistance. Existing literature shows that most rangeland bunchgrasses have average life spans of 10 yr or less, so periodic recruitment is necessary to maintain communities in which they are a major component. Disturbance can influence plant population dynamics, and we suggest classifying disturbances based on how they influence mortality and recruitment. We also suggest that more emphasis be placed on the concept of critical transitions and less on the degree of disturbance per se. In other words, a small disturbance at the wrong point in community composition (low plant density and high gap size for example) can cause a transition, whereas major disturbance in a high condition community may yield little risk of transition. We suggest that a focus on mortality and recruitment will provide a mechanistic approach for predicting vegetation change and making management decisions. We refer to this approach as recruitment-based management. C1 [Svejcar, Tony; Sheley, Roger] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [James, Jeremy] UC Sierra Foothill Res & Extens Ctr, Browns Valley, CA 95918 USA. [Hardegree, Stuart] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. RP Svejcar, T (reprint author), USDA ARS, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM Tony.Svejcar@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 29 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 67 IS 6 BP 603 EP 613 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00102.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PK UT WOS:000345325600001 ER PT J AU Ladwig, LM Collins, SL Ford, PL White, LB AF Ladwig, Laura M. Collins, Scott L. Ford, Paulette L. White, Laura B. TI Chihuahuan Desert Grassland Responds Similarly to Fall, Spring, and Summer Fires During Prolonged Drought SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE black grama; Bouteloua eriopoda; fire seasonality; semiarid grassland ID NEW-MEXICO; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; SEMIARID GRASSLANDS; ARIDLAND ECOSYSTEM; LAND DEGRADATION; PLANT COMMUNITY; SEASONAL FIRES; DYNAMICS; WILDFIRE; EROSION AB Land managers frequently use prescribed burning to help maintain grassland communities. Semiarid grassland dynamics following fire are linked to precipitation, with increasing soil moisture accelerating the rate of recovery. Prescribed fires are typically scheduled to follow natural fire regimes, but burning outside the natural fire season could be equally effective and more convenient for managers, depending on their management objectives. We conducted a field experiment in desert grassland to determine if fire seasonality influenced plant community recovery. Experimental burn treatments occurred in fall, spring, and summer in replicate 0.24-ha plots to determine if fire seasonality affected the rate of recovery of an ungrazed Chihuahuan Desert grassland in central New Mexico. Plant communities were surveyed seasonally for 5 yr after the burns. Grassland community structure responded to fire but not fire seasonality. Grass cover in all burned treatments remained lower than unburned controls for 3 yr after the burns. Community change through time was largely influenced by low rainfall, as grass cover in burned and unburned communities converged during a year with severe drought. In conclusion, fire seasonality did not influence rate of community recovery, but extended drought was possibly more influential than fire on grassland dynamics. C1 [Ladwig, Laura M.; Collins, Scott L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ford, Paulette L.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. [White, Laura B.] Albuquerque Publ Sch Syst, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. RP White, LB (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM LLadwig@sevilleta.unm.edu RI Collins, Scott/P-7742-2014 OI Collins, Scott/0000-0002-0193-2892 FU NSF; USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan FX Research was funded in part by an NSF grant to the University of New Mexico for Long-Term Ecological Research and by a grant from the USDA Forest Service National Fire Plan. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 23 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 67 IS 6 BP 621 EP 628 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00133.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PK UT WOS:000345325600003 ER PT J AU Davies, KW Madsen, MD Nafus, AM Boyd, CS Johnson, DD AF Davies, K. W. Madsen, M. D. Nafus, A. M. Boyd, C. S. Johnson, D. D. TI Can Imazapic and Seeding Be Applied Simultaneously to Rehabilitate Medusahead-Invaded Rangeland? Single vs. Multiple Entry SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE annual grass control; invasive plants; preemergent herbicide; revegetation; sagebrush; Taeniatherum caputmedusae ID EXOTIC ANNUAL GRASS; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; INFESTED RANGELAND; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; ACTIVATED CARBON; REVEGETATION; RESTORATION; MANAGEMENT; HERBICIDES; DYNAMICS AB It has recently been proposed that the cost of rehabilitating medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae [L.] Nevski)-invaded rangelands may be reduced by concurrently seeding desired vegetation and applying the preemergent herbicide imazapic. However, the efficacy of this "single-entry'' approach has been inconsistent, and it has not been compared to the multiple-entry approach where seeding is delayed 1 yr to decrease herbicide damage to nontarget seeded species. We evaluated single-and multiple-entry approaches in medusahead-invaded rangelands in southeastern Oregon with seeding for both approaches occurring in October 2011. Before seeding and applying herbicide, all plots were burned to improve medusahead control with imazapic and prepare the seedbed for drill seeding-introduced perennial bunchgrasses. Both approaches effectively controlled medusahead during the 2 yr postseeding. However, almost no seeded bunchgrasses established with the single-entry treatment (< 0.5 individals.m(-2)), probably as a result of nontarget herbicide mortality. Perennial grass cover and density in the single-entry treatment did not differ from the untreated control. In contrast, the multiple-entry treatment had on average 6.5 seeded bunchgrasses.m(-2) in the second year postseeding. Perennial grass (seeded and nonseed species) cover was eight times greater in the multiple-entry compared to the single-entry treatment by the second year postseeding. These results suggest that the multiple-entry approach has altered the community from annual-dominated to perennial grass-dominated, but the single-entry approach will likely be reinvaded and dominated medusahead without additional treatments because of a lack of perennial vegetation. C1 [Davies, K. W.; Madsen, M. D.; Boyd, C. S.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Nafus, A. M.; Johnson, D. D.] Oregon State Univ, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM kirk.davies@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon Beef Council; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; Oregon State University; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX Research was funded in part by the Oregon Beef Council, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Oregon State University, and USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 22 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 67 IS 6 BP 650 EP 656 DI 10.2111/REM-D-14-00019.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PK UT WOS:000345325600007 ER PT J AU Leffler, AJ Leonard, ED James, JJ Monaco, TA AF Leffler, A. Joshua Leonard, Eamonn D. James, Jeremy J. Monaco, Thomas A. TI Invasion is Contingent on Species Assemblage and Invasive Species Identity in Experimental Rehabilitation Plots SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cheatgrass; dyer's woad; growth form; invasion resistance; species assemblage ID CALIFORNIA SERPENTINE GRASSLAND; BASIN SAGEBRUSH ECOSYSTEMS; NATIVE PLANT DIVERSITY; GREAT-BASIN; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; PERENNIAL GRASS; BROMUS-TECTORUM; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; UNITED-STATES AB Ecological studies often suggest that diverse communities are most resistant to invasion by exotic plants, but relatively few local species may be available to a rehabilitation practitioner. We examine the ability of monocultures and diverse assemblages to resist invasion by an exotic annual grass (cheatgrass) and an exotic biennial forb (dyer's woad) in experimental rehabilitation plots. We constructed seven assemblages that included three monocultures of grass, forb, or shrub; three four-species mixtures of grasses, forbs, or shrubs; and a three-species mixture of one species from each growth form in an experimental field setting to test resistance to invasion. Assemblages were seeded with cheatgrass and dyer's woad for two consecutive years and quantified as biomass and density of individuals from each exotic species. Soil NO3- and leaf-area index were examined as predictors of invasive plant abundance. Cheatgrass invasion was greatest in forb and shrub assemblages, and least in mixed grass or grass monoculture; dyer's woad invasion was greatest into mixed grass or grass monoculture, but least into monoculture or mixedspecies assemblages composed of forbs or shrubs. The community composed of grasses, forbs, and shrubs suppressed invasion by both species. Consequently, assemblages were most resistant to invasion by species of the same growth form. Moreover, these monocultures and mixtures were generally similar in conferring resistance to invasion, but a monoculture of big sagebrush was more resistant than a mixture of shrubs. Soil NO3- was correlated with invasion by cheatgrass, whereas LAI was correlated with invasion by dyer's woad, suggesting these species were more limited by belowground and aboveground resources, respectively. Overall, increasing diversity with limited species did not necessarily enhance resistance to invasion. C1 [Leffler, A. Joshua] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Leonard, Eamonn D.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Nat Resources Biol Nongame Conservat Sect, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA. [James, Jeremy J.] Univ Calif, Div Agr & Nat Resources, Sierra Foothills Res & Extens Ctr, Browns Valley, CA 95918 USA. [Monaco, Thomas A.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Leffler, AJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ajleffler@uaa.alaska.edu FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project; US Dept of Agriculture area-wide Ecologically Based Invasive Plant Management program (EBIPM) FX Funding for this research came from the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project, and the US Dept of Agriculture area-wide Ecologically Based Invasive Plant Management program (EBIPM). NR 73 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 31 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 67 IS 6 BP 657 EP 666 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00140.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PK UT WOS:000345325600008 ER PT J AU Kerns, BK Day, MA AF Kerns, B. K. Day, M. A. TI Fuel Reduction, Seeding, and Vegetation in a Juniper Woodland SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE big sagebrush; biotic resistance; exotic invasive plants; juniper encroachment; Juniperus occidentalis; thinning ID WESTERN JUNIPER; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; BROMUS-TECTORUM; FIRE HISTORY; GREAT-BASIN; DYNAMICS; INVASION; PINYON; SLASH AB Western juniper has increased in density and distribution in the interior Pacific Northwest since the late 1800s. Management goals for many juniper woodlands are now focused on reducing tree densities and promoting biodiversity, prompting the use of fuel reduction treatments. Fuel reduction often involves mechanical cutting and disturbances such as slash pile burning and skid trail formation. While these activities may reduce tree densities, the extent to which they will restore native biodiversity and community composition, particularly in woodlands invaded by exotic annual grasses, is unclear. We evaluated the effects of juniper cutting in two experiments of disturbance type (slash piles and skid trails) followed by three native seeding treatments (cultivar, locally sourced, and no seed) on vegetation in central Oregon. Prior to cutting, native perennial grass cover and richness were positively associated and exotic grass cover was negatively associated with juniper basal area. After cutting and 2 yr after seeding, species composition was altered for both disturbance types. Some seeded areas had higher total species richness, higher native species richness, higher cover of seeded species, and higher overall cover compared to areas that were not seeded. But seeding effectiveness in mitigating exotic species spread varied based on exotic species functional group, pretreatment propagule pressure, and experiment disturbance type. Neither seed mix lowered exotic grass cover. There was limited evidence that the cultivar mix outperformed the locally sourced native seed mix. In the short term, fuel reduction activities may have facilitated further conversion of this woodland to an exotic grassland, but longer-term evaluation is needed. In juniper woodlands that have been invaded by exotic species, fuel reduction activities may facilitate further invasion, and exotic species control may be needed to limit invasion and promote native vegetation. C1 [Kerns, B. K.] USDA ARS, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Day, M. A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Coll Forestry, Fac Res Assistant, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kerns, BK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM bkerns@fs.fed.us FU Ochoco National Forest (ONF); Crooked River National Grassland; Joint Fire Science Program (Kerns) [05-2-1-05]; US Dept of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station FX Research was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (Kerns), project ID 05-2-1-05, and the US Dept of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 25 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 67 IS 6 BP 667 EP 679 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00149.1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PK UT WOS:000345325600009 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Derner, JD Detling, JK AF Augustine, David J. Derner, Justin D. Detling, James K. TI Testing for Thresholds in a Semiarid Grassland: The Influence of Prairie Dogs and Plague SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ecological sites; grazing intensity; resilience; shortgrass steppe; state-and-transition models; western Great Plains ID CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; TRANSITION MODELS; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; ALTERNATIVE STATES; GREAT-PLAINS; RESTORATION; RESILIENCE; COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS; RANGELANDS AB State-and-transition models for semiarid grasslands in the North American Great Plains suggest that the presence of herbivorous black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) on a site 1) creates a vegetation state characterized by increased dominance of annual forbs and unpalatable bunchgrasses and increased bare soil exposure and 2) requires long-term (>40 yr) prairie dog removal to transition back to a vegetation state dominated by palatable perennial grasses. Here, we examine 1) how the recent history of prairie dog occupancy on a site (1-10 yr) influences the magnitude of prairie dog effects on vegetation composition and 2) how occupancy history affects vegetation dynamics following extirpation of prairie dogs. We used a natural experiment in the shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado, USA, where prairie dogs were extirpated from multiple sites during an outbreak of epizootic plague. On sites occupied by prairie dogs for 1-4 yr prior to extirpation, plant cover and composition recovered to conditions similar to unoccupied sites within a single growing season. Larger reductions in perennial C-4 grasses occurred on sites occupied for the prior 7-10 yr compared to sites with shorter occupancy histories (<6 yr). On sites occupied for the prior 7-10 yr, C-4 perennial grasses recovered after 5 yr following prairie dog extirpation; in addition, C-3 perennial graminoids and forbs remained more abundant (compared to sites with no history of prairie dogs) throughout the 5-yr period. Our findings showcase that prior site occupancy (up to 10 yr) by prairie dogs did not induce irreversible shifts in vegetation state in this semiarid grassland. Rather, vegetation changes induced by prairie dogs represent primarily a phase shift in landscapes where prairie dog populations are regulated by epizootic plague. C1 [Augustine, David J.; Derner, Justin D.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Augustine, David J.; Derner, Justin D.] US Dept Agriculture, Agr Res Serv, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Detling, James K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Detling, James K.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM David.Augustine@ars.usda.gov FU US Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research Program (NSF) [DEB-0217631] FX Research was funded by the US Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research Program (NSF DEB-0217631). The USDA-ARS, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer, and all agency services are available without discrimination. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 58 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 67 IS 6 BP 701 EP 709 DI 10.2111/REM-D-14-00032.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PK UT WOS:000345325600012 ER PT J AU Tepedino, VJ Mull, J Griswold, TL Bryant, G AF Tepedino, Vincent J. Mull, John Griswold, Terry L. Bryant, Gerald TI REPRODUCTION AND POLLINATION OF THE ENDANGERED DWARF BEAR-POPPY ARCTOMECON HUMILIS (PAPAVERACEAE) ACROSS A QUARTER CENTURY: UNRAVELING OF A POLLINATION WEB? SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; GENETIC RESCUE; ARGEMONE PAPAVERACEAE; PLANT; EVOLUTION; HYMENOPTERA; POPULATIONS; ANDRENIDAE; ECOLOGY; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Arctomecon humilis, a rare gypsophile of the extreme northeastern Mojave Desert, is restricted to a few isolated populations in Washington County, Utah, USA. At several times in the past quarter century we have studied the breeding system and reproductive success of this endangered species, recorded its pollinators, and tested the feasibility of human-assisted gene flow by performing reciprocal crosses between 2 isolated "populations" approximately 4 km apart. Arctomecon humilis possessed a mixed breeding system in the population studied (Beehive Dome in 1988); some plants exhibited self-compatibility but produced significantly fewer fruit/flowers and seeds/fruit for geitonogamous self-pollinations than for cross-pollinations. Few fruits and seeds were produced in the absence of pollinators. The results of cross-pollination treatments did not differ from unassisted open-pollinations (controls), suggesting that pollinators were not limiting reproductive success. Our more recent results (2012) suggest that some populations may be more at risk than others. Although all 7 populations surveyed produced >= 70% fruits/flower, they differed significantly in fruit set and in average seed number/fruit and seed weight. Possible reasons for these differences (i.e., inbreeding, genetic load, insufficient mating types, pollinator scarcity, etc.), are all potentially important for conservation management and should be investigated. Over the past 2 decades, the pollinator community appears to have changed dramatically from one composed of specialist and generalist bees to one where pollination is presently being accomplished by generalist foragers alone. The health of one of these generalists, the honey bee Apis mellifera, is a current global concern, and its future presence as a pollinator of A. humilis is unclear Our reciprocal crosses between the White Dome and Webb Hill populations provide support for our proposal that human-mediated gene flow through interpopulation cross-pollinations be undertaken every 5 years to increase the genetic variability of populations. We make several other recommendations for research that would improve the ability of land managers to conserve this species. C1 [Tepedino, Vincent J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mull, John] Weber State Univ, Dept Zool, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. [Griswold, Terry L.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bryant, Gerald] Dixie State Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, St George, UT 84770 USA. RP Tepedino, VJ (reprint author), Weber State Univ, Dept Zool, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. EM jmull@weber.edu FU Elaine York (The Nature Conservancy) FX In 1988/1989, Bill Bowlin, Susan Geer, Etta Secrest, and especially Bonnie Snow made this project succeed by their hard work and long hours. In 2012, Jordan Hyde and Tyler Shaw assisted in both field and lab, and Annie and Grace Mull helped in the field. Ron Bolander and Bob Douglas (USDI-BLM) offered both guidance and funding throughout. Bob Douglas also graciously shared the results of his ongoing monitoring efforts at several sites and supplied the original map for Fig. 1; Dennis Collins and Lessie Swenson (Weber State University) helped to prepare the map for publication. Elaine York (The Nature Conservancy) helped with funding and provided encouragement and access to the White Dome site. The Weber State University Office of Undergraduate Research also provided funding. H. "Ich" Ikerd queried the specimen collection at the USDA-ARS Bee Lab in Logan, Utah, with his usual equanimity. We thank 2 anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 18 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD NOV PY 2014 VL 74 IS 3 BP 311 EP 324 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU3EW UT WOS:000345496300005 ER PT J AU Castillo, A Johnson, MT Badenes-Perez, FR AF Castillo, Alexander Johnson, M. Tracy Badenes-Perez, Francisco R. TI Biology, Behavior, and Larval Morphology of Salbia lotanalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a Potential Biological Control Agent of Miconia calvescens (Myrtales: Melastomataceae) From Costa Rica SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE leaf roller; instar; host plant preference; host specificity; oviposition ID DC MELASTOMATACEAE; COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE; HOST-SPECIFICITY; LIFE-HISTORY; ECOLOGY; IMPACT; PLANT; AGGREGATION; BRAZIL; TREE AB The leaf roller Salbia lotanalis Druce (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a potential biological control agent of Miconia calvescens de Candolle (Melastomataceae), was studied in Costa Rica. Larvae were collected from a field site near San Jose and the insect was reared in the laboratory to study its biology and behavior. Chaetotaxy and morphology of final-instar larvae were described. Using head capsule width measurements, we determined five larval instars in S. lotanalis. The insect was easily reared in the laboratory on M. calvescens seedlings and the life cycle of the insect was completed in 71.3 and 66.4 d for females and males, respectively. Dissection of ovarioles indicated that females could lay >400 eggs. Larvae are initially gregarious, but become solitary as third instars. First-to fourth-instar larvae prefer to use leaf rolls already formed by other larvae, but fifth-instar larvae prefer to make a new leaf roll rather than using leaf rolls already made and occupied by other larvae. Pupation occurs in leaves, where prepupae build a pupation chamber. Host-specificity tests, including larval feeding tests and two-choice and no-choice oviposition experiments in the laboratory, indicate that S. lotanalis has a narrow host range restricted to Miconia spp. and other Melastomaceae. Levels of parasitism in the native habitat of S. lotanalis in Costa Rica were low. In locations like Hawaii, where there are no native Melastomataceae, S. lotanalis has the potential of being an effective biological control agent against M. calvescens, but interference from resident natural enemies of Lepidoptera could be high. C1 [Castillo, Alexander] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Johnson, M. Tracy] USDA Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Volcano, HI 96785 USA. [Badenes-Perez, Francisco R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Badenes-Perez, FR (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Ciencias Agr, Plaza Murillo 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. EM frbadenes@ica.csic.es RI Badenes-Perez, Francisco/K-9722-2014 OI Badenes-Perez, Francisco/0000-0002-8954-7920 FU Hawaii Invasive Species Council; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service FX We thank Paul E. Hanson and Edgar Rojas for their help managing the Miconia project in Costa Rica; Eugenie Phillips for help identifying S. lotanalis and advice on how to describe the larvae; and Oscar Venegas for making the drawing in Fig. 3F. William Eberhard contributed comments on the manuscript and Laura Barrios and Eduardo Chacon helped with statistics. Thanks to Manuel Alfaro and Luis Madrigal for their comradeship during this research. The University of Costa Rica provided logistical support, and this study was funded by the Hawaii Invasive Species Council and U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 107 IS 6 BP 1094 EP 1101 DI 10.1603/AN14020 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AT5XU UT WOS:000345014000008 ER PT J AU Whitney, K Ohm, JB Simsek, S AF Whitney, Kristin Ohm, Jae-Bom Simsek, Senay TI Addition of Glucose Oxidase for the Improvement of Refrigerated Dough Quality SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WHEAT-FLOUR PROTEINS; BREAD-MAKING QUALITY; SIZE-EXCLUSION HPLC; RED SPRING WHEAT; GLUTEN; ENVIRONMENT; STORAGE AB Refrigerated dough encompasses a wide range of products and is a popular choice for consumers. Two of the largest problems that occur during refrigerated dough storage are dough syruping and loss of dough strength. The goal of this study was to evaluate glucose oxidase as an additive to refrigerated dough with the purpose of maintaining dough strength and retarding dough syruping. Refrigerated dough was evaluated for the degree of dough syruping (DDS), dough strength, rheological characteristics, baking quality, and protein quality. The addition of glucose oxidase at 10 mg/kg was able to significantly (P < 0.05) reduce dough syruping and maintain the strength of the dough. Addition of glucose oxidase at 5 and 25 mg/kg was not able to reduce the level of dough syruping at a satisfactory level. Degradation of protein was found to occur during storage of refrigerated dough. DDS had a negative correlation (r = -0.60 to -0.94) to the level of polymeric proteins and a positive correlation (r = 0.60 to 0.98) to the low-molecular-weight proteins. Overall, glucose oxidase at 10 mg/kg can improve refrigerated dough quality by reducing dough syruping and maintaining dough strength. C1 [Whitney, Kristin; Simsek, Senay] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Simsek, S (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 6050,Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM senay.simsek@ndsu.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 29 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 91 IS 6 BP 548 EP 553 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-03-14-0052-R PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AT9ZE UT WOS:000345281900003 ER PT J AU Peak, RG Thompson, FR AF Peak, Rebecca G. Thompson, Frank R., III TI Seasonal productivity and nest survival of Golden-cheeked Warblers vary with forest type and edge density SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE breeding demography; breeding phenology; forest edge density; forest type; nest survival; seasonal productivity; temporal factors; Setophaga chrysoparia ID BLACK RAT SNAKES; BREEDING-SEASON; DENDROICA-CHRYSOPARIA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; RURAL LANDSCAPES; HABITAT QUALITY; FORT HOOD; BIRDS; PREDATION; TEXAS AB Knowledge of the demography and habitat requirements of the endangered Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia) is needed for its recovery, including measures of productivity instead of reproductive indices. We report on breeding phenology and demography, calculate model-based estimates of nest survival and seasonal productivity and evaluate support for relationships with forest type, forest edge density, day of year, and year, and determine correspondence in these 2 measures of reproductive success. Males arrived in early March. Females laid the first egg of the first clutch in early April, made up to 5 nesting attempts, and completed nesting by mid-June. The most-supported nest survival model included day of year, proportion of juniper and juniper-oak forest within a 100-m radius of each nest, and the interactive effect of year and forest edge density. The most-supported seasonal productivity model included proportion of each forest type and the interactive effect of year and forest edge density. Seasonal productivity increased from 1.38 to 3.96 fledglings per territory and from 1.38 to 2.40 fledglings per territory across 0.00 to 0.87 and 0.00 to 1.00 proportion of juniper and proportion of juniper-oak forest, respectively. Seasonal productivity ranged from 1.86 to 3.12 fledglings per territory in 2010 and 2004, respectively (mean +/- SD = 2.36 +/- 0.37). Correlations between nest survival and seasonal productivity were strong when we controlled for the effect of year indicating demographic parameters other than nest survival, particularly renesting, double brooding, and polygyny, made an important contribution to actual seasonal productivity. The similarity in relationships of both measures of reproductive success with forest type and edge density and parallel findings for density with these habitat metrics reported in other studies provide strong rationale for protecting sites with high proportions of juniper and juniper-oak forest and less forest edge to further recovery efforts for the Golden-cheeked Warbler. C1 [Peak, Rebecca G.] US Army Garrison Ft Hood, Directorate Publ Works, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Serv, Columbia, MO USA. RP Peak, RG (reprint author), US Army Garrison Ft Hood, Directorate Publ Works, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. EM rpeak1969@gmail.com FU Department of the Army; Nature Conservancy through Cooperative Agreement [DPW-ENV 97-A-0001, DPW-ENV 02-A-0001] FX We thank C. D. True and D. D. Diamond with the Missouri Resource Assessment Partnership for calculating habitat and landscape metrics; W. D. Dijak with the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station for statistical and geographic information systems assistance; editors and reviewers for constructive comments; and numerous seasonal field biologists for field assistance. This project was sponsored by the Department of the Army with The Nature Conservancy through Cooperative Agreement Nos. DPW-ENV 97-A-0001 and DPW-ENV 02-A-0001. NR 78 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 46 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 EI 1938-5129 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD NOV PY 2014 VL 116 IS 4 BP 546 EP 559 DI 10.1650/CONDOR-14-51.1 PG 14 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AT8XE UT WOS:000345211600005 ER PT J AU Matsuoka, SM Mahon, CL Handel, CM Solymos, P Bayne, EM Fontaine, PC Ralph, CJ AF Matsuoka, Steven M. Mahon, C. Lisa Handel, Colleen M. Solymos, Peter Bayne, Erin M. Fontaine, Patricia C. Ralph, C. John TI Reviving common standards in point-count surveys for broad inference across studies SO CONDOR LA English DT Editorial Material DE avian point count; breeding bird abundance; detection probability; landbirds; landscape-scale; meta-analysis; monitoring; survey techniques ID ESTIMATING DETECTION PROBABILITIES; MEASUREMENT ERROR; FIELD-EVALUATION; POPULATION-SIZE; BIRD SURVEYS; DISTANCE; ABUNDANCE; DENSITY; INDEXES; HETEROGENEITY AB We revisit the common standards recommended by Ralph et al. (1993, 1995a) for conducting point-count surveys to assess the relative abundance of landbirds breeding in North America. The standards originated from discussions among ornithologists in 1991 and were developed so that point-count survey data could be broadly compared and jointly analyzed by national data centers with the goals of monitoring populations and managing habitat. Twenty years later, we revisit these standards because (1) they have not been universally followed and (2) new methods allow estimation of absolute abundance from point counts, but these methods generally require data beyond the original standards to account for imperfect detection. Lack of standardization and the complications it introduces for analysis become apparent from aggregated data. For example, only 3% of 196,000 point counts conducted during the period 1992-2011 across Alaska and Canada followed the standards recommended for the count period and count radius. Ten-minute, unlimited-count-radius surveys increased the number of birds detected by >300% over 3-minute, 50-m-radius surveys. This effect size, which could be eliminated by standardized sampling, was >= 10 times the published effect sizes of observers, time of day, and date of the surveys. We suggest that the recommendations by Ralph et al. (1995a) continue to form the common standards when conducting point counts. This protocol is inexpensive and easy to follow but still allows the surveys to be adjusted for detection probabilities. Investigators might optionally collect additional information so that they can analyze their data with more flexible forms of removal and time-of-detection models, distance sampling, multiple-observer methods, repeated counts, or combinations of these methods. Maintaining the common standards as a base protocol, even as these study-specific modifications are added, will maximize the value of point-count data, allowing compilation and analysis by regional and national data centers. C1 [Matsuoka, Steven M.; Fontaine, Patricia C.] Univ Alberta, Boreal Avian Modelling Project, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Mahon, C. Lisa] Environm Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Handel, Colleen M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Solymos, Peter; Bayne, Erin M.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Ralph, C. John] USDA Forest Serv, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA USA. RP Matsuoka, SM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. EM steve_matsuoka@fws.gov RI Solymos, Peter/B-2775-2008; OI Solymos, Peter/0000-0001-7337-1740; Handel, Colleen/0000-0002-0267-7408 NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 46 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 EI 1938-5129 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD NOV PY 2014 VL 116 IS 4 BP 599 EP 608 DI 10.1650/CONDOR-14-108.1 PG 10 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AT8XE UT WOS:000345211600009 ER PT J AU Snyder, CS Davidson, EA Smith, P Venterea, RT AF Snyder, C. S. Davidson, E. A. Smith, P. Venterea, R. T. TI Agriculture: sustainable crop and animal production to help mitigate nitrous oxide emissions SO CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article ID GREENHOUSE-GAS MITIGATION; N2O EMISSIONS; USE EFFICIENCY; SUBSURFACE APPLICATION; FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT; POULTRY LITTER; FOOD SECURITY; SOIL TYPES; NO-TILL; SYSTEMS AB Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agriculture can be tackled by reducing demand for, and consumption of, nitrogen (N) inputs via diet modification and waste reduction, and/or through technologies applied at the field level. Here we focus on the latter options. Opportunities for mitigating N2O emissions at the field level can be advanced by a clearer scientific understanding of the system complexities leading to emissions, while maintaining agricultural system sustainability and productivity. A range of technologies are available to reduce emissions, but rather than focus specifically on emissions, the broader management and policy focus should be on improved N use efficiency and effectiveness; for lower N2O emissions per unit of crop and animal product, or per unit of land area. C1 [Snyder, C. S.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Conway, AR 72034 USA. [Davidson, E. A.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Smith, P.] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [Venterea, R. T.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Snyder, CS (reprint author), Int Plant Nutr Inst, POB 10509, Conway, AR 72034 USA. EM csnyder@ipni.net RI Davidson, Eric/K-4984-2013; Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009; Smith, Pete/G-1041-2010 OI Davidson, Eric/0000-0002-8525-8697; Smith, Pete/0000-0002-3784-1124 NR 81 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-3435 EI 1877-3443 J9 CURR OPIN ENV SUST JI Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 9-10 SI SI BP 46 EP 54 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT9EJ UT WOS:000345230500006 ER PT J AU Faber-Langendoen, D Keeler-Wolf, T Meidinger, D Tart, D Hoagland, B Josse, C Navarro, G Ponomarenko, S Saucier, JP Weakley, A Comer, P AF Faber-Langendoen, Don Keeler-Wolf, Todd Meidinger, Del Tart, Dave Hoagland, Bruce Josse, Carmen Navarro, Gonzalo Ponomarenko, Serguei Saucier, Jean-Pierre Weakley, Alan Comer, Patrick TI EcoVeg: a new approach to vegetation description and classification SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS LA English DT Review DE biogeography; Canadian National Vegetation Classification; cultural vegetation; ecosystem; floristics; growth form; International Vegetation Classification; natural vegetation; novel ecosystem; ruderal vegetation; US National Vegetation Classification; vegetation type ID COVER CHARACTERISTICS DATABASE; POTENTIAL NATURAL VEGETATION; UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; EUROPEAN VEGETATION; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; NORTH-AMERICA; PLOT SIZE; COMMUNITIES AB A vegetation classification approach is needed that can describe the diversity of terrestrial ecosystems and their transformations over large time frames, span the full range of spatial and geographic scales across the globe, and provide knowledge of reference conditions and current states of ecosystems required to make decisions about conservation and resource management. We summarize the scientific basis for EcoVeg, a physiognomic-floristic-ecological classification approach that applies to existing vegetation, both cultural (planted and dominated by human processes) and natural (spontaneously formed and dominated by nonhuman ecological processes). The classification is based on a set of vegetation criteria, including physiognomy (growth forms, structure) and floristics (compositional similarity and characteristic species combinations), in conjunction with ecological characteristics, including site factors, disturbance, bioclimate, and biogeography. For natural vegetation, the rationale for the upper levels (formation types) is based on the relation between global-scale vegetation patterns and macroclimate, hydrology, and substrate. The rationale for the middle levels is based on scaling from regional formations (divisions) to regional floristic-physiognomic types (macrogroup and group) that respond to meso-scale biogeographic, climatic, disturbance, and site factors. Finally, the lower levels (alliance and association) are defined by detailed floristic composition that responds to local to regional topo-edaphic and disturbance gradients. For cultural vegetation, the rationale is similar, but types are based on distinctive vegetation physiognomy and floristics that reflect human activities. The hierarchy provides a structure that organizes regional/continental vegetation patterns in the context of global patterns. A formal nomenclature is provided, along with a descriptive template that provides the differentiating criteria for each type at all levels of the hierarchy. Formation types have been described for the globe; divisions and macrogroups for North America, Latin America and Africa; groups, alliances and associations for the United States, parts of Canada, Latin America and, in partnership with other classifications that share these levels, many other parts of the globe. C1 [Faber-Langendoen, Don; Josse, Carmen] NatureServe, Conservat Sci Div, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Keeler-Wolf, Todd] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Biogeog Data Branch, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Meidinger, Del] British Columbia Minist Forests & Range, Res Branch, Victoria, BC V8W 9C2, Canada. [Tart, Dave] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Hoagland, Bruce] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Hoagland, Bruce] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Navarro, Gonzalo] Univ Catolica Boliviana San Pablo, Unidad Acad Reg Cochabamba, Dept Ciencias Exactas & Ingn, Cochabamba, Bolivia. [Ponomarenko, Serguei] Pk Canada, Ecol Integr Branch, Gatineau, PQ K1A 0M5, Canada. [Saucier, Jean-Pierre] Minist Ressources Nat, Quebec City, PQ G1P 3W8, Canada. [Weakley, Alan] Univ N Carolina, North Carolina Bot Garden, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Comer, Patrick] NatureServe, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Faber-Langendoen, D (reprint author), NatureServe, Conservat Sci Div, 4600 North Fairfax Dr, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM don_faber-langendoen@natureserve.org FU Ecological Society of America Vegetation Classification Panel; NatureServe FX Our international team contributed to and strongly benefitted from the revised U. S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC) standard (FGDC 2008), which is supported by a partnership between U.S. federal agencies, the Ecological Society of America Vegetation Classification Panel, and NatureServe, working through the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Vegetation Subcommittee. They agreed to sponsor the Hierarchy Revisions Working Group (HRWG), with both national and international expertise. In particular, we thank Ralph Crawford, chair of the FGDC vegetation subcommittee for his many years of support and Alexa McKerrow for her coordination of the many activities required to implement the revised USNVC standard. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the U. S. federal agencies that helped fund the work of the Hierarchy Revisions Working Group from 2003 to 2012, particularly the U. S. Forest Service, the interagency LANDFIRE team, U. S. Geological Survey, and National Park Service, as well as the Bureau of Land Management, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Environmental Protection Agency. We thank Sherm Karl, Otto Huber, and Andy Gray, former members of the HRWG, for their input at critical stages early on in the development of the formations. We thank colleagues from the Canadian National Vegetation Classification Technical Committee, led by Ken Baldwin, for their ongoing feedback at various stages of development of this approach. NR 178 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 46 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9615 EI 1557-7015 J9 ECOL MONOGR JI Ecol. Monogr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 84 IS 4 BP 533 EP 561 DI 10.1890/13-2334.1 PG 29 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT4PU UT WOS:000344923500001 ER PT J AU Davis, AJ Hooten, MB Phillips, ML Doherty, PF AF Davis, Amy J. Hooten, Mevin B. Phillips, Michael L. Doherty, Paul F., Jr. TI An integrated modeling approach to estimating Gunnison sage-grouse population dynamics: combining index and demographic data SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; Centrocercus minimus; growth rate; integrated population model; lek counts; Leslie transition matrix; population projection ID GROWTH; INFORMATION; ABUNDANCE; WILDLIFE; RARE; MARK AB Evaluation of population dynamics for rare and declining species is often limited to data that are sparse and/or of poor quality. Frequently, the best data available for rare bird species are based on large-scale, population count data. These data are commonly based on sampling methods that lack consistent sampling effort, do not account for detectability, and are complicated by observer bias. For some species, short-term studies of demographic rates have been conducted as well, but the data from such studies are typically analyzed separately. To utilize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of these two data types, we developed a novel Bayesian integrated model that links population count data and population demographic data through population growth rate () for Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus). The long-term population index data available for Gunnison sage-grouse are annual (years 1953-2012) male lek counts. An intensive demographic study was also conducted from years 2005 to 2010. We were able to reduce the variability in expected population growth rates across time, while correcting for potential small sample size bias in the demographic data. We found the population of Gunnison sage-grouse to be variable and slightly declining over the past 16years. C1 [Davis, Amy J.; Hooten, Mevin B.; Doherty, Paul F., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Phillips, Michael L.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Davis, AJ (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Amy.J.Davis@aphis.usda.gov FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife FX We gratefully acknowledge Colorado Parks and Wildlife for funding this project. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 4 IS 22 BP 4247 EP 4257 DI 10.1002/ece3.1290 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AU0MD UT WOS:000345316200005 PM 25540687 ER PT J AU Oakley, BB Lillehoj, HS Kogut, MH Kim, WK Maurer, JJ Pedroso, A Lee, MD Collett, SR Johnson, TJ Cox, NA AF Oakley, Brian B. Lillehoj, Hyun S. Kogut, Michael H. Kim, Woo K. Maurer, John J. Pedroso, Adriana Lee, Margie D. Collett, Stephen R. Johnson, Timothy J. Cox, Nelson A. TI The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE microbiome; 16S rRNA; metagenomics; poultry; food safety ID INTESTINAL BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI STRAINS; VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; BROILER-CHICKENS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; GUT MICROBIOTA; NECROTIC ENTERITIS; CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; LACTOBACILLUS CULTURES; POULTRY LITTER AB The domestic chicken is a common model organism for human biological research and of course also forms the basis of a global protein industry. Recent methodological advances have spurred the recognition of microbiomes as complex communities with important influences on the health and disease status of the host. In this minireview, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of the chicken gastrointestinal microbiome focusing on spatial and temporal variability, the presence and importance of human pathogens, the influence of the microbiota on the immune system, and the importance of the microbiome for poultry nutrition. Review and meta-analysis of public data showed cecal communities dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroides at the phylum level, while at finer levels of taxonomic resolution, a phylogenetically diverse assemblage of microorganisms appears to have similar metabolic functions that provide important benefits to the host as inferred from metagenomic data. This observation of functional redundancy may have important implications for management of the microbiome. We foresee advances in strategies to improve gut health in commercial operations through management of the intestinal microbiota as an alternative to in-feed subtherapeutic antibiotics, improvements in pre- and probiotics, improved management of polymicrobial poultry diseases, and better control of human pathogens via colonization reduction or competitive exclusion strategies. C1 [Oakley, Brian B.; Cox, Nelson A.] USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Oakley, Brian B.] Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Vet Med, Pomona, CA 91766 USA. [Lillehoj, Hyun S.] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, So Pl Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Kim, Woo K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Maurer, John J.; Pedroso, Adriana; Lee, Margie D.; Collett, Stephen R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Poultry Diagnost Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Johnson, Timothy J.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Oakley, BB (reprint author), Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Vet Med, 309 E 2nd St, Pomona, CA 91766 USA. EM boakley@westernu.edu NR 135 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 20 U2 150 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0378-1097 EI 1574-6968 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 360 IS 2 BP 100 EP 112 DI 10.1111/1574-6968.12608 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AU2OG UT WOS:000345457200003 PM 25263745 ER PT J AU Roelvink, J Trabelsi, S Nelson, SO AF Roelvink, J. Trabelsi, S. Nelson, S. O. TI Measuring the Complex Permittivity Tensor of Uniaxial Biological Materials With Coplanar Waveguide Transmission Line SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Measurement techniques; permittivity tensor ID MEAT AB A simple and accurate technique is described for measuring the uniaxial permittivity tensor of biological materials with a coplanar waveguide transmission-line configuration. Permittivity tensor results are presented for several chicken and beef fresh meat samples at 2.45 GHz. C1 [Roelvink, J.; Trabelsi, S.; Nelson, S. O.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Roelvink, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM j.roelvink@ieee.org NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1531-1309 EI 1558-1764 J9 IEEE MICROW WIREL CO JI IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 24 IS 11 BP 811 EP 813 DI 10.1109/LMWC.2014.2352461 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AT5PH UT WOS:000344994100029 ER PT J AU Joos, CJ Thompson, FR Faaborg, J AF Joos, Cara J. Thompson, Frank R., III Faaborg, John TI The role of territory settlement, individual quality, and nesting initiation on productivity of Bell's vireos Vireo bellii bellii SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REDSTARTS SETOPHAGA-RUTICILLA; ARRIVAL DATE; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; MELOSPIZA-MELODIA; BREEDING GROUNDS; MIGRATORY BIRD; MATE CHOICE; SUCCESS; PREDATION; PATTERNS AB Variation in habitat quality among territories within a heterogeneous patch should influence reproductive success of territory owners. Further, territory settlement order following an ideal despotic distribution (IDD) should predict the fitness of occupants if territory selection is adaptive. We recorded settlement order and monitored nests in territories occupied by individually marked Bell's vireos Vireo bellii bellii across a range of shrubland habitats in central Missouri, USA. We used an information theoretic approach to evaluate multiple hypotheses regarding the relationship between territory settlement order and seasonal territory productivity (productivity), which we define as the number of young fledged from all nest attempts in a territory. Territory settlement order and arrival date were not analogous and later arriving males displaced early settlers in 13 of 49 territories. Settlement order and lay date together were the best predictors of a territory's productivity; productivity decreased 2.08 young from earliest to latest settlement rank and lay date. Males that defended the same territory in successive years occupied territories with earlier settlement dates, but we found little evidence that age or prior ownership influenced productivity. Territory selection by male Bell's vireos was adaptive because males preferred to settle in territories that had high seasonal offspring production, but even though settlement rank was linked to territory quality, high productivity was only realized on high quality territory when also linked to early nest initiation date. While settlement rank was related to territory quality, obtaining a high quality territory had to be combined with early nest initiation to maximize productivity. We found support for the IDD hypothesis because the highest quality territories, (i.e. most productive), were settled earlier. Research that identifies high quality habitat by linking individual fitness with habitat characteristics may elucidate the importance of habitat quality, individual experience and temporal factors to productivity of Bell's vireos. C1 [Joos, Cara J.; Faaborg, John] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Joos, CJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, 105 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM carajoos@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Missouri Audubon; Webster Grove Nature Society; Trans World Airlines; MU Conservation Biology Program; GAANN Fellowship; Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences; Prairie Biotic Research Inc.; Missouri Dept of Conservation; Division of Biological Sciences FX A. Cox and L. Eggert provided helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. We thank all the technicians who helped collect field data, including K. Malone, E. Sinnot, N. Stanton, H. Whitman, D. Westrich, and B. Christ. We thank the Missouri Dept of Conservation, and J. Demand and L. Jones in particular, for providing study site access, logistical support, and field housing. The Columbia Audubon Society also provided access to a study site. K. Malone, the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Missouri Audubon, Webster Grove Nature Society, Trans World Airlines, MU Conservation Biology Program, GAANN Fellowship, the Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences, Prairie Biotic Research Inc., Missouri Dept of Conservation, and the Division of Biological Sciences provided funding or material support for this study. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0908-8857 EI 1600-048X J9 J AVIAN BIOL JI J. Avian Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 45 IS 6 BP 584 EP 590 DI 10.1111/jav.00400 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AT8UO UT WOS:000345207500008 ER PT J AU Santhi, C Arnold, JG White, M Di Luzio, M Kannan, N Norfleet, L Atwood, J Kellogg, R Wang, X Williams, JR Gerik, T AF Santhi, C. Arnold, J. G. White, M. Di Luzio, M. Kannan, N. Norfleet, L. Atwood, J. Kellogg, R. Wang, X. Williams, J. R. Gerik, T. TI Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on N Loads in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; NITRATE FLUX; APEX MODEL; NUTRIENT; SWAT; NITROGEN; SCALE; SOIL AB A modeling framework consisting of a farm-scale model, Agricultural Policy Environmental Extender (APEX); a watershed-scale model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT); and databases was used in the Conservation Effects Assessment Project to quantify the environmental benefits of conservation practices on cropland. APEX is used to simulate conservation practices on cultivated cropland and Conservation Reserve Program land to assess the edge-of-field water-quality benefits. Flow and pollutant loadings from APEX are input to SWAT. SWAT simulates the remaining noncultivated land and routes flow and loads generated from noncultivated land, point sources, and cropland to the basin outlet. SWAT is used for assessing the effects of practices on local and in-stream water-quality benefits. Each river basin is calibrated and validated for streamflow and loads at multiple gauging stations. The objectives of the current study are to estimate the effects of currently existing and additional conservation practices on total N (TN) loads in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) and draw insights on TN load reductions necessary for reducing the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico. The effects of conservation practice scenarios on local and in-stream (riverine) water quality are evaluated. Model results indicate that conservation practices currently on cropland have reduced the TN losses to local waters between 20 and 59% in the six river basins within MARB and the TN load discharged to the Gulf by 17%. Further water-quality improvement can be obtained in the MARB with additional conservation treatment. C1 [Santhi, C.; Di Luzio, M.; Wang, X.; Williams, J. R.; Gerik, T.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Arnold, J. G.; White, M.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Norfleet, L.; Atwood, J.; Kellogg, R.] NRCS, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Kannan, N.] Tarleton State Univ, Stephenville, TX 76402 USA. RP Santhi, C (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, 720 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM csanthi@brc.tamus.edu FU USDA FX The authors sincerely acknowledge the USDA for providing funding for this research as part of Conservation Effects Assessment Project and Mr..Daryl Lund and other administrators of the USDA NRCS for technical guidance and support. The authors acknowledge the USGS and other agencies and universides for providing access to some of the data required for this study. The authors thank Dr. Don SCavia of University of Michigan and Dr. R. Srinivasan, Bill Komar, Melina Ball, and Liz Haney of Texas A&M University for their assistance on data, maps, and review. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1903 EP 1915 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.10.0403 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DD UT WOS:000345096000009 PM 25602207 ER PT J AU Woodward, EE Andrews, DM Williams, CF Watson, JE AF Woodward, Emily E. Andrews, Danielle M. Williams, Clinton F. Watson, John E. TI Vadose Zone Transport of Natural and Synthetic Estrogen Hormones at Penn State's "Living Filter" Wastewater Irrigation Site SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; LAND APPLICATION; SOILS; SORPTION; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; TESTOSTERONE; CONTAMINANTS; SYSTEMS; RIVER AB The increase in endocrine-disrupting compounds in the environment has generated research focused on the behavior of these compounds in natural soil and water ecosystems. To understand how estrogens behave in the soil environment as a result of 25+ yr of wastewater irrigation, soils from Penn State's "Living Filter" wastewater irrigation site were extracted and analyzed for two natural estrogens (17 beta-estradiol and estrone) and one synthetic estrogen (17 alpha-ethynylestradiol). Soil estrogen concentrations were compared for two independent variables: type of land cover and sampling time. Soils were sampled from cropped and forested land areas, and soils were sampled 2 d and 3 wk after a single 12-h effluent irrigation event. A nonirrigated control site was sampled to provide natural background data. For 17 beta-estradiol, the nonirrigated mean concentration was 0.68 +/- 0.11 ng cm(-3), and the irrigated values, including samples from both land areas and time frames, ranged from 0.99 +/- 0.11 to 1.82 +/- 0.69 ng cm(-3). For estrone, the nonirrigated mean concentration was 2.36 +/- 0.22 ng cm(-3), and the irrigated values, including samples from both land areas collected and time frames, ranged from 2.18 +/- 0.20 to 6.24 +/- 3.14 ng cm(-3). The 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol nonirrigated mean concentration was 0.47 +/- 0.40 ng cm(-3). The irrigated values, including samples from both land areas and time frames, ranged from 0.25 +/- 0.06 to 1.37 +/- 0.39 ng cm(-3). This study found that time of sampling, land cover, and irrigation can affect estrogen concentrations in soils, resulting in levels that exceed natural background and require improvements in management practices. C1 [Woodward, Emily E.; Andrews, Danielle M.; Watson, John E.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Williams, Clinton F.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Woodward, EE (reprint author), Penn State Univ, 116 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM eewoodward7@gmail.com FU Pennsylvania State University's Office of Physical Plant and Regional Research Projects [W-2082, W2170] FX This study was partially funded by The Pennsylvania State University's Office of Physical Plant and Regional Research Projects W-2082 and W2170. The present work was partially developed within the framework of the Panta Rhei Research Initiative of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (TAHS). The authors thank Allan Knopf and Ephraim Govere for assistance with the use of laboratory facilities. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1933 EP 1941 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.04.0153 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DD UT WOS:000345096000012 PM 25602210 ER PT J AU Mobley, ML McCulley, RL Burke, IC Peterson, G Schimel, DS Cole, CV Elliott, ET Westfall, DG AF Mobley, Megan L. McCulley, Rebecca L. Burke, Ingrid C. Peterson, Gary Schimel, David S. Cole, C. Vernon Elliott, Edward T. Westfall, Dwayne G. TI Grazing and No-Till Cropping Impacts on Nitrogen Retention in Dryland Agroecosystems SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; RIVER-BASIN; GRASSLAND; CARBON; N-15; MINERALIZATION; CULTIVATION; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT AB As the world's population increases, marginal lands such as drylands are likely to become more important for food production. One proven strategy for improving crop production in drylands involves shifting from conventional tillage to no-till to increase water use efficiency, especially when this shift is coupled with more intensive crop rotations. Practices such as no-till that reduce soil disturbance and increase crop residues may promote C and N storage in soil organic matter, thus promoting N retention and reducing N losses. By sampling soils 15 yr after a N-15 tracer addition, this study compared long-term soil N retention across several agricultural management strategies in current and converted shortgrass steppe ecosystems: grazed and ungrazed native grassland, occasionally mowed planted perennial grassland, and three cropping intensities of no-till dryland cropping. We also examined effects of the environmental variables site location and topography on N retention. Overall, the long-term soil N retention of > 18% in these managed semiarid ecosystems was high compared with published values for other cropped or grassland ecosystems. Cropping practices strongly influenced long-term N retention, with planted perennial grass systems retaining > 90% of N-15 in soil compared with 30% for croplands. Grazing management, topography, and site location had smaller effects on long-term N retention. Estimated 15-yr N losses were low for intact and cropped systems. This work suggests that semiarid perennial grass ecosystems are highly N retentive and that increased intensity of semiarid land management can increase the amount of protein harvested without increasing N losses. C1 [Mobley, Megan L.; Burke, Ingrid C.] Univ Wyoming, Haub Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Dept Bot, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Mobley, Megan L.; Burke, Ingrid C.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [McCulley, Rebecca L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Peterson, Gary; Westfall, Dwayne G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Schimel, David S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Cole, C. Vernon; Elliott, Edward T.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Cole, C. Vernon] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Mobley, ML (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Haub Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Dept Bot, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM meg.mobley@alumni.duke.edu RI Burke, Ingrid/A-1420-2009 OI Burke, Ingrid/0000-0003-4717-6399 FU National Science Foundation [BSR-8605190]; Colorado State University Experiment Station; National Science Foundation Shortgrass Steppe LongTerm Ecological Research Project [BSR-8612105, DEB-0217631]; California Institute of Technology, Government FX This paper is based on two long-term research projects supported by many grants and institutions. 'the initial experiments on no till cropping systems and 15N labeling were funded by the National Science Foundation (BSR-8605190 and the Colorado State University Experiment Station. The long-term 15N study on the shortgrass steppe was funded by the National Science Foundation Shortgrass Steppe LongTerm Ecological Research Project (BSR-8612105, DEB-0217631). Part of the research was carried out at the jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Copyright 2013 California Institute of Technology, Government sponsorship acknowledged. All projects represented close collaborations with the USDA Agricultural Research Service. A multitude of field technicians from Colorado State University assisted with field and lab work. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1963 EP 1971 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.12.0530 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DD UT WOS:000345096000015 PM 25602213 ER PT J AU Stonesifer, CS Calkin, DE Thompson, MP Kaiden, JD AF Stonesifer, Crystal S. Calkin, David E. Thompson, Matthew P. Kaiden, Jeffrey D. TI Developing an Aviation Exposure Index to Inform Risk-Based Fire Management Decisions SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE aviation; decision support; firefighter exposure; wildfire safety ID WILDFIRE SUPPRESSION; WILDLAND FIRES; UNITED-STATES; PREFERENCES; CHALLENGES AB Midland firefighting is an inherently dangerous activity, and aviation-related accidents in particular comprise a large share of firefighter fatalities. Due to limited understanding of operational factors that lead to aviation accidents, it is unclear how local decisionmakers, responsible for requesting aviation support, can mitigate the risk of an aviation accident once resources are requested. This research expands the knowledge base regarding the quantification and analysis of aerial firefighting exposure by developing methods to evaluate expected aviation accident rates at the incident level using a metric called the aviation exposure index (AEI). Our analysis is based on coupling historical aviation accident rates (10-year average) with observed aviation resource use. As an example of the applicability of the approach, we present results according to aircraft type, unique incident, and incident jurisdiction for large wildfires that occurred during the 2012 US fire season. Ideally, the AEI could be automatically calculated and incorporated into incident decision support systems to help guide fire managers as they balance the complicated tradeoffs between attaining wildfire management objectives and reducing the exposure of individuals engaged in aerial firefighting activities. C1 [Stonesifer, Crystal S.; Calkin, David E.; Thompson, Matthew P.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Kaiden, Jeffrey D.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Stonesifer, CS (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. EM csstonesifer@fs.fed.us; decalkin@fs.fed.us; mpthompson02@fs.fed.us; jkaiden@fs.fed.us NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 112 IS 6 BP 581 EP 590 DI 10.5849/jof.13-096 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AT5KJ UT WOS:000344981800005 ER PT J AU Miner, RA Abt, RC Bowyer, JL Buford, MA Malmsheimer, RW O'Laughlin, J Oneil, EE Sedjo, RA Skog, KE AF Miner, Reid A. Abt, Robert C. Bowyer, Jim L. Buford, Marilyn A. Malmsheimer, Robert W. O'Laughlin, Jay Oneil, Elaine E. Sedjo, Roger A. Skog, Kenneth E. TI Forest Carbon Accounting Considerations in US Bioenergy Policy SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Review DE biogenic emissions; biomass energy; carbon debt; carbon dioxide; forestry investment; forest landowner; greenhouse gas; wood markets; wood products; wood fuel ID WOOD ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; GREENHOUSE-GAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOIL CARBON; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FUEL TREATMENTS; ECONOMIC COSTS; FOSSIL-FUEL AB Four research-based insights are essential to understanding forest bioenergy and "carbon debts." (1) As long as wood-producing land remains in forest, long-lived wood products and forest bioenergy reduce fossil fuel use and long-term carbon emission impacts. (2) Increased demand for wood can trigger investments that increase forest area and forest productivity and reduce carbon impacts associated with increased harvesting. (3) The carbon debt concept emphasizes short-term concerns about biogenic CO2 emissions, although it is long-term cumulative CO2 emissions that are correlated with projected peak global temperature, and these cumulative emissions are reduced by substituting forest bioenergy for fossil fuels. (4) Considering forest growth, investment responses, and the radiative forcing of biogenic CO2 over a 100-year time horizon (as used for other greenhouse gases), the increased use of forest-derived materials most likely to be used for bioenergy in the United States results in low net greenhouse gas emissions, especially compared with those for fossil fuels. C1 [Miner, Reid A.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Abt, Robert C.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bowyer, Jim L.] Dovetail Partners, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Buford, Marilyn A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Res & Dev, Washington, DC USA. [Malmsheimer, Robert W.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, New York, NY USA. [O'Laughlin, Jay] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Oneil, Elaine E.] Univ Washington, Consortium Res Renewable Ind Mat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sedjo, Roger A.] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Skog, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Miner, RA (reprint author), Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rminer@ncasi.org; bob_abt@ncsu.edu; jimbowyer@comcast.net; mbuford@fs.fed.us; rwmalmsh@esf.edu; jayo@uidaho.edu; eoneil@u.washington.edu; sedjo@rff.org; kskog@fs.fed.us OI Malmsheimer, Robert/0000-0001-9446-6589 NR 136 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 31 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 112 IS 6 BP 591 EP 606 DI 10.5849/jof.14-009 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AT5KJ UT WOS:000344981800006 ER PT J AU Guldin, JM AF Guldin, James M. TI RESPONSE History of Silviculture on Public Lands SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 72104 USA. RP Guldin, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 72104 USA. EM jguldin@fs.fed.us NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 112 IS 6 BP 616 EP 618 DI 10.5849/jof.14-097 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AT5KJ UT WOS:000344981800009 ER PT J AU Grebner, DL Jacobson, MG Fajvan, MA AF Grebner, Donald L. Jacobson, Michael G. Fajvan, Mary Ann TI Forest Ecosystem Services and the Scourge of Invasive Species SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID EASTERN HEMLOCK; WATER-USE; DYNAMICS; FUTURE; IMPACT C1 [Grebner, Donald L.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jacobson, Michael G.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fajvan, Mary Ann] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Grebner, DL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dgrebner@cfr.msstate.edu; mgj2@psu.edu; mfajvan@fifed.us NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 17 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 112 IS 6 BP 620 EP 622 DI 10.5849/jof.14-040 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AT5KJ UT WOS:000344981800011 ER PT J AU Mertins, JW Bochkov, AV AF Mertins, James W. Bochkov, Andre V. TI Key to Species of the Genus Neocheyletiella (Acariformes: Cheyletidae), With Description of a New Species SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ectoparasite; Neocheyletiella; passerine bird; systematics; zebra finch ID BAKERICHEYLA-CHANAYI; ACARI; PROSTIGMATA; BIRDS; PARASITE; MITES AB A new species of the genus Neocheyletiella Baker, 1949 (Acariformes: Cheyletidae) is described from the zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata (Viellot, 1817) (Passeriformes: Estrildidae), from a laboratory colony at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA. The setal additions in the ontogeny of the new species, Neocheyletiella parvisetosa Mertins & Bochkov, and the main differential characters of all 17 known species of the genus Neocheyletiella are provided in tabular format. Keys to females and males of Neocheyletiella spp. also are given. C1 [Mertins, James W.] USDA, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv,Sci Technol & Anal, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bochkov, Andre V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Bochkov, Andre V.] Univ Michigan, Museum Zool, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Mertins, JW (reprint author), USDA, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv,Sci Technol & Anal, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM James.W.Mertins@aphis.usda.gov FU Polish National Science Centre [UMO-2011/01/B/NZ8/01749] FX This research was supported by the Polish National Science Centre (UMO-2011/01/B/NZ8/01749). We thank Mary M. Patterson for collection and submission of the newly described mite specimens. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1116 EP 1121 DI 10.1603/ME14002 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AT7NF UT WOS:000345123800003 PM 26309296 ER PT J AU Machtinger, ET Geden, CJ Hogsette, JA Leppla, NC AF Machtinger, E. T. Geden, C. J. Hogsette, J. A. Leppla, N. C. TI Development and Oviposition Preference of House Flies and Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in Six Substrates From Florida Equine Facilities SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Musca domestica; Stomoxys calcitrans; oviposition; larval development ID STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS L; MUSCA-DOMESTICA DIPTERA; OUTDOOR CALF HUTCHES; CATTLE FEEDLOT PENS; FLY DIPTERA; SODIUM BISULFATE; EASTERN NEBRASKA; IMMATURE STAGES; POULTRY MANURE; FEEDING SITES AB House flies, Musca domestica L., and stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), (Diptera: Muscidae), common pests on equine facilities, were studied in the laboratory to determine the success and duration of larval development and oviposition preferences on six substrates commonly found on equine facilities. Substrates tested were hay soiled with urine and manure, fresh horse manure, pine shaving bedding soiled with urine and manure (<12 h old), pine shaving bedding soiled with urine and manure (aged >72 h in a manure pile), builders sand bedding soiled with urine and manure aged 3 d, and soil from an overgrazed pasture mixed with urine and manure of variable age. House fly larvae failed to develop into adults in hay, soil, and sand substrates. Stable flies preferred to oviposit on substrates with plant material and not on fresh manure. However, when eggs were added to the substrates, pupariation was maximal in fresh manure and the fresh pine shaving substrate. Stable flies developed in all six equine substrates, but development was less successful on the substrates with soil. In choice tests, fresh manure and the fresh pine shaving substrates were the most attractive for house fly oviposition. These substrates also yielded the greatest number of house fly puparia from artificially added eggs. An understanding of oviposition preferences and differential larval development of house flies and stable flies on these substrates may help develop options for reducing pest populations by effectively managing equine waste and selecting appropriate bedding materials. C1 [Machtinger, E. T.; Leppla, N. C.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Geden, C. J.; Hogsette, J. A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Machtinger, ET (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, POB 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM irishtangerine@ufl.edu FU USDA, National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Extension Integrated Pest Management Coordination and Support Program (EIPM-CS) FX We thank Phil Kaufman and Lois Wood for providing the stable fly colony and Rachel Dillard and Dana Bell for help with fly rearing. This work was partially supported by funding from the USDA, National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Extension Integrated Pest Management Coordination and Support Program (EIPM-CS). NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 28 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1144 EP 1150 DI 10.1603/ME14040 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AT7NF UT WOS:000345123800007 PM 26309300 ER PT J AU Renthal, R Li, AY Gao, XL De Leon, AAP AF Renthal, Robert Li, Andrew Y. Gao, Xiaoli De Leon, Adalberto A. Perez TI Surface Polar Lipids Differ in Male and Female Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high resolution mass spectrometry; blood feeding; courtship pheromone ID OVIPOSITION PHEROMONE; SEX-PHEROMONE; SAND FLIES; LONGIPALPIS AB The polar lipids on the surface of the Old World sand fly, Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli), were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Blood-fed females and nonblood-fed females and males were separately analyzed and compared. The major polar lipids were found to be long-chain diols and fatty acids. Relatively high levels of diacylglycerols were found in blood-fed females and in males. A wide variety of lipids were found at low levels, including esters, sterols, monoacylglycerols, and hydroxy fatty acids. Blood-fed females had several lyso lipids and N-acyl amino acids that were not found on unfed females or males. These substances may be surfactants used in blood feeding. Heneicosenoic acid was found on females at more than twice the level of males, suggesting it could be a component of a female pheromone. Four substances were identified on males at twofold higher levels than on females: tetradienoic acid, methoxyhexadecasphinganine, butyl octadecanoate, and diacylglycerol(14:1/12:0/0:0). These could be short-range pheromones involved in courtship, and they will be further analyzed in future behavioral bioassays. C1 [Renthal, Robert] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Renthal, Robert; Gao, Xiaoli] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Li, Andrew Y.; De Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78029 USA. RP Renthal, R (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM robert.renthal@utsa.edu FU Deployed Warfighter Protection Research Program of the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board [6205-32000-033-20]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [G12MD007591] FX This research was supported by grants from the Deployed Warfighter Protection Research Program of the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (6205-32000-033-20) (to A. A. P. D. L.) and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007591). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1237 EP 1241 DI 10.1603/ME14117 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AT7NF UT WOS:000345123800019 PM 26309312 ER PT J AU Diep, CS Chen, TA Davies, VF Baranowski, JC Baranowski, T AF Diep, Cassandra S. Chen, Tzu-An Davies, Vanessa F. Baranowski, Janice C. Baranowski, Tom TI Influence of Behavioral Theory on Fruit and Vegetable Intervention Effectiveness Among Children: A Meta-Analysis SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE meta-analysis; theory; dietary change; children ID OBESITY PREVENTION PROGRAM; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SCHOOL-BASED INTERVENTION; SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NUTRITION EDUCATION; MULTICOMPONENT PROGRAM; AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; HEALTH-PROMOTION AB Objective: To test the hypotheses that interventions clearly based on theory, multiple theories, or a formal intervention planning process will be more effective in changing fruit and vegetable consumption among children than interventions with no behavioral theoretical foundation. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: Identification of articles in PubMed, PsycInfo, Medline, Cochrane Collaborative database, and existing literature reviews and meta-analyses. Participants: Children aged 2-18 years. Interventions: Change in fruit and/or vegetable consumption in dietary change interventions. Methods: Meta-analysis, meta-regression analysis, and summary reporting for articles. Conclusions and Implications: Predicating an intervention on behavioral theory had a small to moderate enhancement (P < .001) of outcome effectiveness. Differences in mean Hedges' g effect sizes between theory and non-theory interventions were 0.232 for fruit, 0.043 for vegetables, and 0.333 for fruit and vegetables combined. There was mixed support, however, for enhanced dietary change with multiple theories or a formal planning process. After controlling for study quality, theory use was related only to vegetable consumption (beta = 0.373; P < .001). More research is needed on theory's influences on dietary behaviors to guide future interventions among children. More research is also needed to identify what may be effective practical-or experience-based procedures that complement theory, to incorporate into interventions. C1 [Diep, Cassandra S.; Chen, Tzu-An; Davies, Vanessa F.; Baranowski, Janice C.; Baranowski, Tom] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Diep, Cassandra S.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Davies, Vanessa F.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Publ Hlth, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. RP Diep, CS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM cdiep@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU Primary Care Research Training Grant from National Research Service Award [T32 HP10031]; CAPES-Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education; US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001]; Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine FX Cassandra Diep was supported by Primary Care Research Training Grant from National Research Service Award T32 HP10031. Tzu-An Chen was supported by several sources of grant funding, none specifically related to this systematic review and meta-analysis. Vanessa Davies was supported by the CAPES-Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education. Janice and Tom Baranowski were supported in part by federal funds from the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement 58-6250-6001 with the Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. NR 106 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 EI 1878-2620 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 46 IS 6 BP 506 EP 546 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.05.012 PG 41 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AT5RW UT WOS:000345000500011 PM 25457730 ER PT J AU Au, LE Harris, SS Dwyer, JT Jacques, PF Sacheck, JM AF Au, Lauren E. Harris, Susan S. Dwyer, Johanna T. Jacques, Paul F. Sacheck, Jennifer M. TI Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with race/ethnicity and constitutive skin color in urban schoolchildren SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE children; race; serum-25-hydroxyvitamin D; skin color; vitamin D ID VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; UV-INDUCED ERYTHEMA; NEW-ZEALANDERS; SUN EXPOSURE; WHITE WOMEN; AMERICAN; CHILDREN; QUESTIONNAIRE; PIGMENTATION; DETERMINANTS AB The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which constitutive skin color explains racial/ethnic differences in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in urban schoolchildren. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine associations of 25OHD with parent-reported race/ethnicity and constitutive skin color as measured by reflectance colorimeter [individual typology angle (ITA degrees; higher value corresponds to lighter skin)] in 307 Greater Boston schoolchildren aged 9-15 during October-December 2011. Nearly 60% of all children were inadequate in 25OHD (<20 ng/mL). Prevalence of inadequate 25OHD differed by race/ethnicity (p<0.001): white (46.6%), black (74.5%), Hispanic (64.7%), Asian (88.9%), and multi-racial/other (52.7%). Serum 25OHD increased 0.6 ng/mL per 10 degrees increase in ITA degrees value (p<0.001). The prediction of 25OHD by race/ethnicity was slightly stronger than the prediction by skin color in separate models (R-2=0.19, R-2=0.16, respectively). Most of the variability in 25OHD in race/ethnicity was due to constitutive skin color in this group of racially diverse US children. C1 [Au, Lauren E.; Harris, Susan S.; Dwyer, Johanna T.; Jacques, Paul F.; Sacheck, Jennifer M.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Harris, Susan S.; Dwyer, Johanna T.; Jacques, Paul F.] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA USA. RP Au, LE (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Lauren.au@alumni.tufts.edu OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R01HL106160]; United States Department of Agricultural Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity [DAG700] FX This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01HL106160. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The corresponding author also received a United States Department of Agricultural Doctoral Fellowship in Obesity #DAG700. The authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. NHLBI/NIH/USDA had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this article. We thank the administrators, staff, teachers, and nurses at the Everett, Malden, and Somerville Public Schools for letting us conduct this research within their schools. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the support of Peter Bakun at Tufts University for his assistance on data management, Dr. Jennifer Rockell from the Colorado School of Public Health and Dr. Misha Eliasziw at Tufts University for their assistance with skin color analyses, and the Tufts University Daily D Health Study staff and the graduate students of the Freidman School of Nutrition Science and Policy who helped with data collection. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0334-018X EI 2191-0251 J9 J PEDIATR ENDOCR MET JI J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 27 IS 11-12 BP 1095 EP 1100 DI 10.1515/jpem-2014-0068 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA AT6BE UT WOS:000345022900011 PM 24945426 ER PT J AU Bowers, M Cavallaro, N Ramaswamy, S AF Bowers, Michael Cavallaro, Nancy Ramaswamy, Sonny TI The National Institute of Food and Agriculture: Addressing the agricultural impacts of and vulnerabilities to climate change SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article C1 [Bowers, Michael; Cavallaro, Nancy; Ramaswamy, Sonny] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bowers, M (reprint author), USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 167A EP 169A DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.167A PG 3 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000001 ER PT J AU Morton, LW AF Morton, Lois Wright TI The science of variable climate and agroecosystem management SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID ORGANIC-CARBON SEQUESTRATION C1 [Morton, Lois Wright] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr Climate, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Morton, Lois Wright] Iowa State Univ, Corn Based Cropping Syst Coordinated Agr Project, Ames, IA USA. RP Morton, LW (reprint author), USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr Climate, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 207A EP 212A DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.207A PG 6 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000010 ER PT J AU Basche, AD Miguez, FE Kaspar, TC Castellano, MJ AF Basche, A. D. Miguez, F. E. Kaspar, T. C. Castellano, M. J. TI Do cover crops increase or decrease nitrous oxide emissions? A meta-analysis SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE cover crops; global warming potential; meta-analysis; nitrous oxide ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; N2O EMISSIONS; LONG-TERM; ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT; CONVENTIONAL-TILLAGE; MANURE RESIDUES; ORGANIC-MATTER; PLANT RESIDUES; SOIL AB There are many environmental benefits to incorporating cover crops into crop rotations, such as their potential to decrease soil erosion, reduce nitrate (NO3) leaching, and increase soil organic matter. Some of these benefits impact other agroecosystem processes, such as greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, there is not a consensus in the literature regarding the effect of cover crops on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Compared to site-specific studies, meta-analysis can provide a more general investigation into these effects. Twenty-six peer-reviewed articles including 106 observations of cover crop effects on N2O emissions from the soil surface were analyzed according to their response ratio, the natural log of the N2O flux with a cover crop divided by the N2O flux without a cover crop (LRR). Forty percent of the observations had negative LRRs, indicating a cover crop treatment which decreased N2O, while 60% had positive LRRs indicating a cover crop treatment which increased N2O. There was a significant interaction between N rate and the type of cover crop where legumes had higher LRRs at lower N rates than nonlegume species. When cover crop residues were incorporated into the soil, LRRs were significantly higher than those where residue was not incorporated. Geographies with higher total precipitation and variability in precipitation tended to produce higher LRRs. Finally, data points measured during cover crop decomposition had large positive LRRs and were larger than those measured when the cover crop was alive. In contrast, those data points measuring for a full year had LRRs close to zero, indicating that there was a balance between periods when cover crops increased N2O and periods when cover crops decreased emissions. Therefore, N2O measurements over the entire year may be needed to determine the net effect of cover crops on N2O. The data included in this meta-analysis indicate some overarching crop management practices that reduce direct N2O emissions from the soil surface, such as no soil incorporation of residues and use of nonlegume cover crop species. However, our results demonstrate that cover crops do not always reduce direct N2O emissions from the soil surface in the short term and that more work is needed to understand the full global warming potential of cover crop management. C1 [Basche, A. D.; Miguez, F. E.; Castellano, M. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kaspar, T. C.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. RP Basche, AD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. OI Castellano, Michael/0000-0003-1411-7931 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-68002-30190] FX This research is part of a regional collaborative project supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Award No. 2011-68002-30190, Cropping Systems Coordinated Agricultural Project: Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Corn-based Cropping Systems. Project website: sustainablecorn.org. The authors appreciate personnel of the Miguez Agroecosystem Modeling Lab for their inputs on drafts of this project as well as Stacie Shuler for her work in data organization. We are also grateful for the additional information and responses provided by the following authors: M. Aulakh, M. Cavigelli, F. Barrios Masias, R. Dietzel, C. Kallenbach, M. Liebig, C. McSwiney, N. Millar, K. Thelen, S. Smukler, and S. Snapp. NR 72 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 23 U2 121 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 471 EP 482 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.471 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000011 ER PT J AU Panagopoulos, Y Gassman, PW Arritt, RW Herzmann, DE Campbell, TD Jha, MK Kling, CL Srinivasan, R White, M Arnold, JG AF Panagopoulos, Y. Gassman, P. W. Arritt, R. W. Herzmann, D. E. Campbell, T. D. Jha, M. K. Kling, C. L. Srinivasan, R. White, M. Arnold, J. G. TI Surface water quality and cropping systems sustainability under a changing climate in the Upper Mississippi River Basin SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE agricultural management scenarios; climate change; corn based systems; nonpoint pollution; Soil and Water Assessment Tool; Upper Mississippi River Basin ID ASSESSMENT-TOOL; MODEL DEVELOPMENT; UNITED-STATES; EL-NINO; SWAT; SOIL; MULTIMODEL; HYDROLOGY AB Agricultural nonpoint source pollution is the main source of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the intensely row-cropped Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB) stream system and is considered the primary cause of the northern Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone according to the US Environmental Protection Agency. A point of crucial importance in this region is therefore how intensive corn (Zea mays L.)-based cropping systems for food and fuel production can be sustainable and coexist with a healthy water environment, not only under existing climate conditions but also under a changed climate in the future. To address this issue, a UMRB integrated modeling system has been built with a greatly refined 12-digit subbasin structure based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) water quality model, which is capable of estimating landscape and in-stream water and pollutant yields in response to a wide array of alternative cropping and/or management strategies and climatic conditions. The effects of the following four agricultural management scenarios on crop production and pollutant loads exported from the cropland of the UMRB to streams and rivers were evaluated: (1) expansion of continuous corn across the entire basin, (2) adoption of no-till on all corn and soybean (Glycine max L.) fields in the region, (3) substitution of the traditional continuous corn and corn-soybean rotations with an extended five-year rotation consisting of corn, soybean, and three years of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and (4) implementation of a winter cover crop within the baseline rotations. The effects of each management scenario were evaluated both for current climate and a projected midcentury (2046 to 2065) climate from a General Circulation Model (GCM). All four scenarios behaved similarly under the historical and future climate, generally resulting in reduced erosion and nutrient loadings to surface water bodies compared to the baseline agricultural management. Continuous corn was the only scenario which resulted in increased N pollution while no-till was the most environmentally effective and able to sustain production at almost the same levels. Rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop within the fallow period was also effective in reducing erosion and both sediment-bound and soluble forms of nutrients. The results indicated that alternative management practices could reduce sediment, N, and P exports from UMRB cropland by up to 50% without significantly affecting yields. Results for the climate change scenario showed that the effectiveness of the management scenarios was strongly linked to the reduced water availability predicted under the future climate, which assisted in mitigating pollutant transport, although with a small loss of production. C1 [Panagopoulos, Y.; Gassman, P. W.; Campbell, T. D.] Iowa State Univ, CARD, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Arritt, R. W.; Herzmann, D. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Jha, M. K.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Kling, C. L.] CARDs Resource & Environm Policy Div, Ames, IA USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [White, M.; Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX USA. RP Panagopoulos, Y (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, CARD, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 FU National Science Foundation [DEB1010259]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [20116800230190] FX This research was partially funded by the National Science Foundation, Award No. DEB1010259, Understanding Land Use Decisions and Watershed Scale Interactions: Water Quality in the Mississippi River Basin and Hypoxic Conditions in the Gulf of Mexico, and by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Award No. 20116800230190, Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Corn-Based Cropping Systems. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 44 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 483 EP 494 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.483 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000012 ER PT J AU Williams, JD Wuest, SB Long, DS AF Williams, J. D. Wuest, S. B. Long, D. S. TI Soil and water conservation in the Pacific Northwest through no-tillage and intensified crop rotations SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE cropping systems; erosion; no-tillage; Pacific Northwest; runoff; small watersheds ID NORTHEASTERN OREGON; REDUCED TILLAGE; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; EROSION; RUNOFF; WHEAT; INFILTRATION; SYSTEMS; AGROECOSYSTEM; ECONOMICS AB The winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/summer fallow rotation typically practiced in the intermediate precipitation zone (300 to 450 mm [12 to 18 in]) of the inland Pacific Northwest has proven to be economically stable for producers in this region. However, multiple tillage operations are used to control weeds and retain seed-zone soil moisture, which disturbs the soil and makes it prone to substantial erosion. Alternatives to this conventional disturbance tillage (DT) system include either no-tillage (NT) or minimum tillage (MT) in combination with increasing cropping intensity. The objective of this study was to compare runoff, soil erosion, crop residue, and yield productivity resulting from NT, and DT, or MT. Small collectors and flumes were used to quantify runoff and soil erosion from small drainages and slopes in three different experiments near Pendleton, Oregon. The first experiment included two neighboring drainages:one farmed using DT with a two-year crop rotation over eight years (2001 to 2008) and the other NT with a four-year crop rotation (2001 to 2008). The second experiment comprised a hillslope planted to different crops using NT over eight years (1998 to 2005) and MT over three years (2006 to 2008). The third experiment was situated in a shallow draw in which NT and MT with a four-year (2004 to 2008) crop rotation was compared. Runoff measured in flumes was substantially influenced by tillage method in the order of DT > NT in a ratio of 10:1 at the first site. At the second site, NT produced no runoff compared to 1.6 mm y(-1) (0.06 in yr(-1)) from MT. Soil erosion was found to be DT > NT in a ratio of 5:1 at the first site and 2:1 for the second site. For small collectors the differences were significant:runoff was DT > NT in a ratio of 47:1 for the first site, and MT > NT in a ratio of 2:1 for the third site. Winter wheat yields did not differ significantly among NT, DT, and MT. Broader acceptance of NT cropping systems in the intermediate precipitation zone of this region would substantially decrease soil losses from farm fields and improve downstream water quality. C1 [Williams, J. D.; Wuest, S. B.; Long, D. S.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. RP Williams, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. FU USDA Agricultural Research Service national program Agricultural System Competitiveness and Sustainability (NP) [216]; USDA Agricultural Research Service national program Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions (NP) [212] FX The authors thank cooperating landowners John Adams, Jim Duff, Clinton Reeder, and Bob Roselle for the use of their property, and Oregon State University faculty Dan Ball, professor; Richard Smiley, professor; and Don Wysocki, associate professor, for advice concerning weed, disease, and crop management. Field work, instrumentation, laboratory analysis, and data collection were conducted by Dave Robertson, Daryl Haasch, Bob Correa, Tami Johlke, Scott Oviatt, Chris Roager, and numerous high school and college students. This research was conducted under USDA Agricultural Research Service national programs Agricultural System Competitiveness and Sustainability (NP#216) and Climate Change, Soils, and Emissions (NP#212). NR 51 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 21 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 495 EP 504 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.495 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000013 ER PT J AU Necpalova, M Anex, RP Kravchenko, AN Abendroth, LJ Del Grosso, SJ Dick, WA Helmers, MJ Herzmann, D Lauer, JG Nafziger, ED Sawyer, JE Scharf, PC Strock, JS Villamil, MB AF Necpalova, M. Anex, R. P., Jr. Kravchenko, A. N. Abendroth, L. J. Del Grosso, S. J. Dick, W. A. Helmers, M. J. Herzmann, D. Lauer, J. G. Nafziger, E. D. Sawyer, J. E. Scharf, P. C. Strock, J. S. Villamil, M. B. TI What does it take to detect a change in soil carbon stock? A regional comparison of minimum detectable difference and experiment duration in the north central United States SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE experiment duration; minimum detectable difference; no-till; soil organic carbon; statistical power; tillage ID ORGANIC-CARBON; LONG-TERM; NO-TILLAGE; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS; MODEL SIMULATIONS; GRANTSBURG SOILS; SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT; DAYCENT AB Variability in soil organic carbon (SOC) results from natural and human processes interacting across time and space, and leads to large variation in the minimum difference in SOC that can be detected with a particular experimental design. Here we report a unique comparison of minimum detectable differences (MDDs) in SOC, and the estimated times required to observe those MDDs across the north central United States, calculated for the two most common SOC experiments: (1) a comparison between two treatments, e.g., moldboard plow (MP) and no-tillage (NT), using a randomized complete block design experiment; and (2) a comparison of changes in SOC over time for a particular treatment, e.g., NT, using a randomized complete block design experiment with time as an additional factor. We estimated the duration of the two experiment types required to achieve MDD through simulation of SOC dynamics. Data for the study came from 13 experimental sites located in Iowa, Illinois, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Missouri, and Minnesota. Soil organic carbon, bulk density, and texture were measured at four soil depths. Minimum detectable differences were calculated with probability of Type I error of 0.05 and probability of Type II error of 0.15. The MDDs in SOC were highly variable across the region and increased with soil depth. At 0 to 10 cm (0 to 3.9 in) soil depth, MDDs with five replications ranged from 1.04 g C kg(-1) (0.017 oz C lb(-1); 6%) to 7.15 g C kg(-1) (0.114 oz C lb(-1); 31%) for comparison of two treatments; and from 0.46 g C kg(-1) (0.007 oz C lb(-1); 3%) to 3.12 g C kg(-1) (0.050 oz C lb(-1); 13%) for SOC change over time. Large differences were also predicted in the experiment duration required to detect a difference in SOC between MP and NT (from 8 to > 100 years with five replications), or a change in SOC over time under NT management (from 11 to 71 years with five replications). At most locations, the time required to detect a change in SOC under NT was shorter than the time required to detect a difference between MP and NT. Minimum detectable difference and experiment duration decreased with the number of replications and were correlated with SOC variability and soil texture of the experimental sites, i.e., they tended to be lower in fine textured soils. Experiment duration was also reduced by increased crop productivity and the amount of residue left on the soil. The relationships and methods described here enable the design of experiments with high power of detecting differences and changes in SOC and enhance our understanding of how management practices influence SOC storage. C1 [Necpalova, M.; Anex, R. P., Jr.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Madison, WI 53718 USA. [Kravchenko, A. N.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Abendroth, L. J.] Iowa State Univ, Climate & Corn Based Cropping Syst Coordinated Ag, Ames, IA USA. [Del Grosso, S. J.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Dick, W. A.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Wooster, OH USA. [Helmers, M. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Herzmann, D.; Sawyer, J. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Lauer, J. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Nafziger, E. D.; Villamil, M. B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Scharf, P. C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Plant Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Strock, J. S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, Lamberton, MN USA. RP Necpalova, M (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Madison, WI 53718 USA. FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-68002-30190]; Iowa State University; Lincoln University; Michigan State University; Ohio State University; Purdue University; South Dakota State University; University of Illinois; University of Minnesota; University of Missouri; University of Wisconsin; USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) in Columbus, Ohio FX This research is part of a regional collaborative project supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Award No. 2011-68002-30190, Cropping Systems Coordinated Agricultural Project: Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Corn-based Cropping Systems. The dataset used in this paper was derived from field research experiments conducted by Warren A. Dick, a professor at The Ohio State University in Wooster, Ohio; Matthew J. Helmers an associate professor at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa; Eileen J. Kladivko, a professor at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana; Alexandra Kravchenko, an associate professor at Michigan University in East Lansing, Michigan; Joseph G. Lauer, a professor at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin; Emerson D. Nafziger, a professor at the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois; John E. Sawyer, a professor at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa; Peter Scharf, a professor at the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri; Jeffrey S. Strock, a professor at the University of Minnesota in Lamberton, Minnesota; and Maria B. Villamil, a professor at the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois, as part of the Cropping Systems CAP. Project website: sustainablecorn.org. The 11 institutions comprising the project team include the following land grant universities: Iowa State University, Lincoln University, Michigan State University, The Ohio State University, Purdue University, South Dakota State University, University of Illinois, University of Minnesota, University of Missouri, University of Wisconsin, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) in Columbus, Ohio. NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 26 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 517 EP 531 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.517 PG 15 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000015 ER PT J AU Kladivko, EJ Helmers, MJ Abendroth, LJ Herzmann, D Lal, R Castellano, MJ Mueller, DS Sawyer, JE Anex, RP Arritt, RW Basso, B Bonta, JV Bowling, LC Cruse, RM Fausey, NR Frankenberger, JR Gassman, PW Gassmann, AJ Kling, CL Kravchenko, A Lauer, JG Miguez, FE Nafziger, ED Nkongolo, N O'Neal, M Owens, LB Owens, PR Scharf, P Shipitalo, MJ Strock, JS Villamil, MB AF Kladivko, E. J. Helmers, M. J. Abendroth, L. J. Herzmann, D. Lal, R. Castellano, M. J. Mueller, D. S. Sawyer, J. E. Anex, R. P. Arritt, R. W. Basso, B. Bonta, J. V. Bowling, L. C. Cruse, R. M. Fausey, N. R. Frankenberger, J. R. Gassman, P. W. Gassmann, A. J. Kling, C. L. Kravchenko, A. Lauer, J. G. Miguez, F. E. Nafziger, E. D. Nkongolo, N. O'Neal, M. Owens, L. B. Owens, P. R. Scharf, P. Shipitalo, M. J. Strock, J. S. Villamil, M. B. TI Standardized research protocols enable transdisciplinary research of climate variation impacts in corn production systems SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE corn systems; climate; database; research methods; soil measurements ID SOIL CARBON AB The important questions about agriculture, climate, and sustainability have become increasingly complex and require a coordinated, multifaceted approach for developing new knowledge and understanding. A multistate, transdisciplinary project was begun in 2011 to study the potential for both mitigation and adaptation of corn-based cropping systems to climate variations. The team is measuring the baseline as well as change of the system's carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and water footprints, crop productivity, and pest pressure in response to existing and novel production practices. Nine states and 11 institutions are participating in the project, necessitating a well thought out approach to coordinating field data collection procedures at 35 research sites. In addition, the collected data must be brought together in a way that can be stored and used by persons not originally involved in the data collection, necessitating robust procedures for linking metadata with the data and clearly delineated rules for use and publication of data from the overall project. In order to improve the ability to compare data across sites and begin to make inferences about soil and cropping system responses to climate across the region, detailed research protocols were developed to standardize the types of measurements taken and the specific details such as depth, time, method, numbers of samples, and minimum data set required from each site. This process required significant time, debate, and commitment of all the investigators involved with field data collection and was also informed by the data needed to run the simulation models and life cycle analyses. Although individual research teams are collecting additional measurements beyond those stated in the standardized protocols, the written protocols are used by the team for the base measurements to be compared across the region. A centralized database was constructed to meet the needs of current researchers on this project as well as for future use for data synthesis and modeling for agricultural, ecosystem, and climate sciences. C1 [Kladivko, E. J.; Bowling, L. C.; Owens, P. R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Helmers, M. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Abendroth, L. J.] Iowa State Univ, Climate & Corn Based Cropping Syst Coordinated Ag, Ames, IA USA. [Herzmann, D.; Castellano, M. J.; Sawyer, J. E.; Arritt, R. W.; Miguez, F. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Lal, R.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Mueller, D. S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA USA. [Anex, R. P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Basso, B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Basso, B.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bonta, J. V.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Cruse, R. M.] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Water Ctr, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Fausey, N. R.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. [Frankenberger, J. R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gassman, P. W.; Kling, C. L.] Iowa State Univ, CARD, Ames, IA USA. [Gassmann, A. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. [Kling, C. L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA USA. [Kravchenko, A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lauer, J. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Nafziger, E. D.; Villamil, M. B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nkongolo, N.] Lincoln Univ, Dept Agr & Environm, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA. [O'Neal, M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. [Owens, L. B.] USDA ARS, North Appalachian Expt Watershed Lab, Coshocton, OH USA. [Scharf, P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Plant Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Shipitalo, M. J.] USDA ARS, Soil Water & Air Resources Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Strock, J. S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, Lamberton, MN USA. RP Kladivko, EJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Bowling, Laura/B-6963-2013; OI Bowling, Laura/0000-0002-1439-3154; Nkongolo, Nsalambi/0000-0003-2485-4759; Shipitalo, Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345; Castellano, Michael/0000-0003-1411-7931 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-68002-30190]; Iowa State University; Lincoln University; Michigan State University; Ohio State University; Purdue University; South Dakota State University; University of Illinois; University of Minnesota; University of Missouri; University of Wisconsin; USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) in Columbus, Ohio FX This research is part of a regional collaborative project supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Award No. 2011-68002-30190, Cropping Systems Coordinated Agricultural Project: Climate Change, Mitigation, and Adaptation in Corn-based Cropping Systems. The project website is sustainablecorn.org. The 11 institutions comprising the project team include the following land-grant universities: Iowa State University, Lincoln University, Michigan State University, The Ohio State University, Purdue University, South Dakota State University, University of Illinois, University of Minnesota, University of Missouri, University of Wisconsin, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) in Columbus, Ohio. Research data and supporting metadata are stored in the team's centralized Climate and Cropping Systems database. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 24 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 532 EP 542 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.532 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000016 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Nakajima, T Kadono, A Lal, R Fausey, N AF Kumar, S. Nakajima, T. Kadono, A. Lal, R. Fausey, N. TI Long-term tillage and drainage influences on greenhouse gas fluxes from a poorly drained soil of central Ohio SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE chisel tillage; corn; greenhouse gas; no-tillage; soil organic carbon; subsurface drainage ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE; POTENTIAL MITIGATION; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; ORGANIC-CARBON; NO-TILLAGE; CO2; MANAGEMENT; N2O AB Intensive tillage practices and poorly drained soils of the Midwestern United States are one of the prime reasons for increased greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from agriculture. The naturally poorly drained soils prevalent in this region require subsurface drainage for improving aeration and reducing GHG fluxes from soils. However, very little research has been conducted on the combination of tillage and drainage impacts on GHG fluxes from poorly drained soils. Thus, the present study was conducted in central Ohio with specific objective to assess the influences of long-term (18-year) no-tillage (NT) and chisel-till (CT) impacts on carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) fluxes from the soils in plots managed under drained (D) or nondrained (ND) conditions. The experimental site was established on a poorly drained Crosby silt loam soil in 1994 under corn (Zea mays L.)-corn rotation. Measurements of soil CO2, N2O, and CH4 fluxes were conducted biweekly during 2011 and 2012 using the static chamber technique. In 2011, the annual CO2-C and N2O-N from NT were 18% and 83%, respectively, lower compared to CT. Similar trends were observed for 2012. Methane fluxes were highly variable in both years. Tillage and drainage influenced seasonal soil GHG emissions; however, differences were not always significant. In general, plots under NT with subsurface drainage produced lower emissions compared to those under CT. Subsurface drainage lowered the emissions compared to those under ND. Results from this study concluded that subsurface drainage in poorly drained soils with long-term NT practice can be beneficial for the environment by emitting lower GHG fluxes compared to tilled soils with no drainage. However, long-term monitoring of these fluxes under diverse cropping systems under poorly drained soils is needed. C1 [Kumar, S.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Nakajima, T.; Lal, R.] Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kadono, A.] Tottori Univ Environm Studies, Tottori, Japan. [Fausey, N.] USDA ARS, Columbus, OH USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Univ S Dakota, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 22 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 553 EP 563 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.6.553 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AT6BY UT WOS:000345025000018 ER PT J AU Frazier-Wood, AC Carnell, S Pena, O Hughes, SO O'Connor, TM Asherson, P Kuntsi, J AF Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. Carnell, Susan Pena, Oscar Hughes, Sheryl O. O'Connor, Teresia M. Asherson, Philip Kuntsi, Jonna TI Cognitive Performance and BMI in Childhood: Shared Genetic Influences Between Reaction Time But Not Response Inhibition SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID TWINS EARLY DEVELOPMENT; EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS; WORKING-MEMORY; SCHOLASTIC ACHIEVEMENT; BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS; CONTROL CAPACITY; OBESE CHILDREN; ADHD; ADOLESCENTS; OVERWEIGHT AB ObjectiveThe aim of this work is to understand whether shared genetic influences can explain the association between obesity and cognitive performance, including slower and more variable reaction times (RTs) and worse response inhibition. MethodsRT on a four-choice RT task and the go/no-go task, and commission errors on the go/no-go task for 1,312 twins ages 7-10 years were measured. BMI was measured at 9-12 years. Biometric twin models were run to give an estimate of the genetic correlation (r(G)) between body mass index (BMI) and three cognitive measures: mean RT (MRT), RT variability (RTV; the standard deviation of RTs), and commission errors (a measure of response inhibition). ResultsGenetic correlations indicated that 20%-30% of the genes underlying BMI were shared with both RT measures. However, only small phenotypic correlations between MRT and RTV with later BMI (r(Ph)=approximate to 0.1) were observed. Commission errors were unassociated with later BMI (r(Ph)=-0.03, ns). ConclusionsOur results are the first to demonstrate significant shared genetic effects between RT performance and BMI. Our findings add biological support to the notion that obesity is associated with slower and more variable RTs. However, our results also emphasize the small nature of the association, which may explain previous negative findings. C1 [Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Hughes, Sheryl O.; O'Connor, Teresia M.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Carnell, Susan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Pena, Oscar] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Asherson, Philip; Kuntsi, Jonna] Kings Coll London, MRC Social Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, Inst Psychiat, London WC2R 2LS, England. RP Frazier-Wood, AC (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM lekki.wood@gmail.com RI Kuntsi, Jonna/G-9750-2011; Wood, Lekki/B-8053-2010 OI Wood, Lekki/0000-0001-7616-2119 FU Wellcome Trust [GR070345MF]; UK Medical Research Council [G0901245] FX The Study of Activity and Impulsivity Levels in children (SAIL) was funded by a project grant from the Wellcome Trust (GR070345MF) to J. Kuntsi. TEDS is funded by a program grant from the UK Medical Research Council (G0901245 and previously G0500079). NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD NOV PY 2014 VL 22 IS 11 BP 2312 EP 2318 DI 10.1002/oby.20862 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AT3QR UT WOS:000344849400005 PM 25376398 ER PT J AU Meinzer, FC Woodruff, DR Marias, DE McCulloh, KA Sevanto, S AF Meinzer, Frederick C. Woodruff, David R. Marias, Danielle E. McCulloh, Katherine A. Sevanto, Sanna TI Dynamics of leaf water relations components in co-occurring iso- and anisohydric conifer species SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE anisohydry; drought; isohydry; osmotic potential; turgor ID PRESSURE-VOLUME RELATIONSHIPS; TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS ANGIOSPERMS; NEGATIVE TURGOR PRESSURE; SHRUB LARREA-TRIDENTATA; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLAND; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; SAP ABSCISIC-ACID; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; PROTOPLAST VOLUME; SONORAN DESERT AB Because iso- and anisohydric species differ in stomatal regulation of the rate and magnitude of fluctuations in shoot water potential, they may be expected to show differences in the plasticity of their shoot water relations components, but explicit comparisons of this nature have rarely been made. We subjected excised shoots of co-occurring anisohydric Juniperus monosperma and isohydric Pinus edulis to pressure-volume analysis with and without prior artificial rehydration. In J. monosperma, the shoot water potential at turgor loss (Psi(TLP)) ranged from -3.4 MPa in artificially rehydrated shoots to -6.6 MPa in shoots with an initial. of -5.5 MPa, whereas in P. edulis mean Psi(TLP) remained at similar to -3.0 MPa over a range of initial Psi from -0.1 to -2.3 MPa. The shoot osmotic potential at full turgor and the bulk modulus of elasticity also declined sharply with shoot. in J. monosperma, but not in P. edulis. The contrasting behaviour of J. monosperma and P. edulis reflects differences in their capacity for homeostatic regulation of turgor that may be representative of aniso- and isohydric species in general, and may also be associated with the greater capacity of J. monosperma to withstand severe drought. C1 [Meinzer, Frederick C.; Woodruff, David R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Marias, Danielle E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McCulloh, Katherine A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sevanto, Sanna] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Meinzer, FC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rick.meinzer@oregonstate.edu FU Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-NA0001302]; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station [DE-NA0001302]; NSF [IBN 09-19871] FX This work was supported in part by interagency agreement DE-NA0001302 between Los Alamos National Laboratory and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and by NSF grant IBN 09-19871. We are grateful to Lily Cohen, Adam Collins, Turin Dickman, Emily Kluk, Jacob Naranjo and several student interns for assistance with sample collection and field water potential measurements. NR 64 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 6 U2 58 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 37 IS 11 BP 2577 EP 2586 DI 10.1111/pce.12327 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT8UK UT WOS:000345207100012 PM 24661116 ER PT J AU Robert, CAM Ferrieri, RA Schirmer, S Babst, BA Schueller, MJ Machado, RAR Arce, CCM Hibbard, BE Gershenzon, J Turlings, TCJ Erb, M AF Robert, Christelle A. M. Ferrieri, Richard A. Schirmer, Stefanie Babst, Benjamin A. Schueller, Michael J. Machado, Ricardo A. R. Arce, Carla C. M. Hibbard, Bruce E. Gershenzon, Jonathan Turlings, Ted C. J. Erb, Matthias TI Induced carbon reallocation and compensatory growth as root herbivore tolerance mechanisms SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Diabrotica virgifera; (CO2)-C-11; compensatory root growth; plant herbivore interactions ID BELOW-GROUND HERBIVORY; INSECT HERBIVORES; CORN-ROOTWORM; RAPID CHANGES; TEMPORAL-CHANGES; GAS-EXCHANGE; PLANT; RESISTANCE; MAIZE; ACID AB Upon attack by leaf herbivores, many plants reallocate photoassimilates below ground. However, little is known about how plants respond when the roots themselves come under attack. We investigated induced resource allocation in maize plants that are infested by the larvae Western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. Using radioactive (CO2)-C-11, we demonstrate that root-attacked maize plants allocate more new C-11 carbon from source leaves to stems, but not to roots. Reduced meristematic activity and reduced invertase activity in attacked maize root systems are identified as possible drivers of this shoot reallocation response. The increased allocation of photoassimilates to stems is shown to be associated with a marked thickening of these tissues and increased growth of stem-borne crown roots. A strong quantitative correlation between stem thickness and root regrowth across different watering levels suggests that retaining photoassimilates in the shoots may help root-attacked plants to compensate for the loss of belowground tissues. Taken together, our results indicate that induced tolerance may be an important strategy of plants to withstand belowground attack. Furthermore, root herbivore-induced carbon reallocation needs to be taken into account when studying plant-mediated interactions between herbivores. C1 [Robert, Christelle A. M.; Schirmer, Stefanie; Machado, Ricardo A. R.; Arce, Carla C. M.; Erb, Matthias] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Root Herbivore Interact Grp, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Robert, Christelle A. M.; Schirmer, Stefanie; Gershenzon, Jonathan] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Dept Biochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Machado, Ricardo A. R.; Arce, Carla C. M.] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Dept Mol Ecol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Ferrieri, Richard A.; Babst, Benjamin A.; Schueller, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biosci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Arce, Carla C. M.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Entomol, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Turlings, Ted C. J.] Univ Neuchatel, Lab Fundamental & Appl Res Chem Ecol FARCE, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Erb, Matthias] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, CH-2013 Bern, Switzerland. RP Erb, M (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. EM matthias.erb@ips.unibe.ch RI Turlings, Ted/E-8671-2012; Gershenzon, Jonathan/K-1331-2013; Arce, Carla/P-2295-2015; OI Turlings, Ted/0000-0002-8315-785X; Gershenzon, Jonathan/0000-0002-1812-1551; Babst, Benjamin/0000-0001-5657-0633; Erb, Matthias/0000-0002-4446-9834 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [FN 31000AO-107974, 140196]; Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship [273107]; Organismal Biology Doctoral Program of the University of Neuchatel; Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Max Planck Society; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) 'Plant Survival', a research programme of the Swiss National Science Foundation FX We are grateful to Wade French and Chad Nielson (USDA-ARS-NCARL, Brookings, SD, USA), and Julie Barry (USDA-ARS, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA) who kindly supplied D. virgifera eggs. We thank Lena Kurz for her help with the tolerance measurements. Research activities by C. A. M. R., T.C.J.T. and M. E. were supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (FN 31000AO-107974; 140196) and a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship (grant no. 273107). C. A. M. R. was supported by a travel grant of the Organismal Biology Doctoral Program of the University of Neuchatel to conduct experiments at BNL. This article has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, which supported R. A. F., B. A. B. and M.J.S. This project was partially funded by the Max Planck Society and the National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) 'Plant Survival', a research programme of the Swiss National Science Foundation. NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 11 U2 72 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 37 IS 11 BP 2613 EP 2622 DI 10.1111/pce.12359 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT8UK UT WOS:000345207100015 PM 24762051 ER PT J AU Rutkoski, JE Poland, JA Singh, RP Huerta-Espino, J Bhavani, S Barbier, H Rouse, MN Jannink, JL Sorrells, ME AF Rutkoski, Jessica E. Poland, Jesse A. Singh, Ravi P. Huerta-Espino, Julio Bhavani, Sridhar Barbier, Hugues Rouse, Matthew N. Jannink, Jean-Luc Sorrells, Mark E. TI Genomic Selection for Quantitative Adult Plant Stem Rust Resistance in Wheat SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE FUNGAL PATHOGENS; RIDGE-REGRESSION; PREDICTION; ASSOCIATION; MARKERS; MODEL; PACKAGE; VALUES; MAIZE; SR2 AB Quantitative adult plant resistance (APR) to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) is an important breeding target in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and a potential target for genomic selection (GS). To evaluate the relative importance of known APR loci in applying GS, we characterized a set of CIMMYT germplasm at important APR loci and on a genome-wide profile using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Using this germplasm, we describe the genetic architecture and evaluate prediction models for APR using data from the international Ug99 stem rust screening nurseries. Prediction models incorporating markers linked to important APR loci and seedling phenotype scores as fixed effects were evaluated along with the classic prediction models: Multiple linear regression (MLR), Genomic best linear unbiased prediction (G-BLUP), Bayesian Lasso (BL), and Bayes Cp (BCp). We found the Sr2 region to play an important role in APR in this germplasm. A model using Sr2 linked markers as fixed effects in G-BLUP was more accurate than MLR with Sr2 linked markers (p-value = 0.12), and ordinary G-BLUP (p-value = 0.15). Incorporating seedling phenotype information as fixed effects in G-BLUP did not consistently increase accuracy. Overall, levels of prediction accuracy found in this study indicate that GS can be effectively applied to improve stem rust APR in this germplasm, and if genotypes at Sr2 linked markers are available, modeling these genotypes as fixed effects could lead to better predictions. C1 [Rutkoski, Jessica E.; Barbier, Hugues; Sorrells, Mark E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Singh, Ravi P.] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, El Batan 06600, Mexico. [Huerta-Espino, Julio] Campo Expt Valle de Mexico INIFAP, Chapingo 56230, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. [Bhavani, Sridhar] CIMMYT, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. [Rouse, Matthew N.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sorrells, ME (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mes12@cornell.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011; OI bhavani, sridhar/0000-0002-4091-2608; Rutkoski, Jessica/0000-0001-8435-4049; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [5430-21000-006-00D]; USDA National Needs Fellowship Grant [2008- 38420-04755]; American Society of Plant Biology (ASPB)-Pioneer Hi-Bred Graduate Student Fellowship FX This research was funded by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat) and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) (Appropriation No. 5430-21000-006-00D). Partial support for J. Rutkoski was provided by a USDA National Needs Fellowship Grant #2008- 38420-04755 and an American Society of Plant Biology (ASPB)-Pioneer Hi-Bred Graduate Student Fellowship. Loci targeted genotyping was provided by the Eastern Regional Small Grains Genotyping Laboratory, Raleigh, North Carolina. Statistical advice was provided by the Cornell Statistical Consulting Unit. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 34 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD NOV PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2014.02.0006 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AT8AY UT WOS:000345157300001 ER PT J AU Swarts, K Li, HH Navarro, JAR An, D Romay, MC Hearne, S Acharya, C Glaubitz, JC Mitchell, S Elshire, RJ Buckler, ES Bradbury, PJ AF Swarts, Kelly Li, Huihui Navarro, J. Alberto Romero An, Dong Romay, Maria Cinta Hearne, Sarah Acharya, Charlotte Glaubitz, Jeffrey C. Mitchell, Sharon Elshire, Robert J. Buckler, Edward S. Bradbury, Peter J. TI Novel Methods to Optimize Genotypic Imputation for Low-Coverage, Next-Generation Sequence Data in Crop Plants SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; MISSING GENOTYPES; FLOWERING TIME; COMPLEX TRAITS; POPULATION; ASSOCIATION; GENOME; ACCURACY; MARKERS; DISSECTION AB Next-generation sequencing technology such as genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) made low-cost, but often low-coverage, whole-genome sequencing widely available. Extensive inbreeding in crop plants provides an untapped, high quality source of phased haplotypes for imputing missing genotypes. We introduce Full-Sib Family Haplotype Imputation (FSFHap), optimized for full-sib populations, and a generalized method, Fast Inbred Line Library ImputatioN (FILLIN), to rapidly and accurately impute missing genotypes in GBS-type data with ordered markers. FSFHap and FILLIN impute missing genotypes with high accuracy in GBS-genotyped maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines and breeding populations, while Beagle v. 4 is still preferable for diverse heterozygous populations. FILLIN and FSFHap are implemented in TASSEL 5.0. C1 [Swarts, Kelly; Navarro, J. Alberto Romero] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Li, Huihui] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Li, Huihui] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, CIMMYT China Off, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Navarro, J. Alberto Romero] Cornell Univ, CIMMYT, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [An, Dong] China Agr Univ, Coll Informat & Elect Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Romay, Maria Cinta; Acharya, Charlotte; Glaubitz, Jeffrey C.; Mitchell, Sharon] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hearne, Sarah] CIMMYT, Texcoco 56237, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. [Elshire, Robert J.] AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Res Ctr, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bradbury, Peter J.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Bradbury, PJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, 409 Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM pjb39@cornell.edu RI Romay, Maria/B-8831-2015; OI Romay, Maria/0000-0001-9309-1586; Elshire, Robert/0000-0003-1753-6920 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0820619, DBI-0922493, NSF IOS-1238014, IOS-0965342]; USDA-ARS; National 973 Program of China [2011CB100106]; SAGARPA (La Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion), Mexico under the MasAgro (Sustainable Modernization of Traditional Agriculture) initiative FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (DBI-0820619, DBI-0922493, NSF IOS-1238014, IOS-0965342), the USDA-ARS, and The National 973 Program of China (Project No. 2011CB100106). The authors also wish to acknowledge SAGARPA (La Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion), Mexico for funding under the MasAgro (Sustainable Modernization of Traditional Agriculture) initiative. The Spanish landrace accessions are maintained by Mision Biologica de Galicia and were provided by Dr. Amando Ordas. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 7 U2 37 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD NOV PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2014.05.0023 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AT8AY UT WOS:000345157300009 ER PT J AU Tinker, NA Chao, SM Lazo, GR Oliver, RE Huang, YF Poland, JA Jellen, EN Maughan, PJ Kilian, A Jackson, EW AF Tinker, Nicholas A. Chao, Shiaoman Lazo, Gerard R. Oliver, Rebekah E. Huang, Yung-Fen Poland, Jesse A. Jellen, Eric N. Maughan, Peter J. Kilian, Andrzej Jackson, Eric W. TI A SNP Genotyping Array for Hexaploid Oat SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID ANNOTATION; GENOME AB Recognizing a need in cultivated hexaploid oat (Avena sativa L.) for a reliable set of reference single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we have developed a 6000 (6K) BeadChip design containing 257 Infinium I and 5486 Infinium II designs corresponding to 5743 SNPs. Of those, 4975 SNPs yielded successful assays after array manufacturing. These SNPs were discovered based on a variety of bioinformatics pipelines in complementary DNA (cDNA) and genomic DNA originating from 20 or more diverse oat cultivars. The array was validated in 1100 samples from six recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping populations and sets of diverse oat cultivars and breeding lines, and provided approximately 3500 discernible Mendelian polymorphisms. Here, we present an annotation of these SNPs, including methods of discovery, gene identification and orthology, population-genetic characteristics, and tentative positions on an oat consensus map. We also evaluate a new cluster-based method of calling SNPs. The SNP design sequences are made publicly available, and the full SNP genotyping platform is available for commercial purchase from an independent third party. C1 [Tinker, Nicholas A.; Huang, Yung-Fen] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND USA. [Lazo, Gerard R.] USDA ARS, Albany, CA USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Oliver, Rebekah E.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Jackson, Eric W.] Gen Mills Inc, Manhattan, KS USA. [Jellen, Eric N.; Maughan, Peter J.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Kilian, Andrzej] Divers Arrays Pty Ltd, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Tinker, NA (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM nick.tinker@agr.gc.ca RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009; OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052; HUANG, YUNG-FEN/0000-0001-7854-2764; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU General Mills Inc.; North American Millers Association; Prairie Oat Growers Association; USDA-ARS; USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-22000-037-00D]; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; NIFA [2009-65300-05707] FX We are grateful to numerous collaborators who provided useful discussion and contributed germplasm for use in developing this assay. These include: Joe Anderson, Aaron Beattie, Asmund Bjornstad, Mike Bonman, Martin Carson, Alf Ceplitis, Steve Harrison, Catherine Howarth, Gongshe Hu, Amir Ibrahim, Jean-Luc Jannink, Kathy Klos, Frederic Kolb, Michael McMullen, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Paul Murphy, Herbert Ohm, Howard Rines, Brian Rossnagel, Mark Sorrells, Stine Tuvesson, Weikai Yan, Pamela Zwer, and many others. Funding for this work was provided by General Mills Inc., North American Millers Association, the Prairie Oat Growers Association, USDA-ARS, NIFA grant no. 2009-65300-05707, USDA-ARS CRIS Project no. 5442-22000-037-00D, and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD NOV PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2014.03.0010 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AT8AY UT WOS:000345157300005 ER PT J AU Dayan, FE Duke, SO AF Dayan, Franck E. Duke, Stephen O. TI Natural Compounds as Next-Generation Herbicides SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID P-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE; GLUTAMATE 1-SEMIALDEHYDE AMINOTRANSFERASE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; TABTOXININE-BETA-LACTAM; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; ADENYLOSUCCINATE SYNTHETASE; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PLASMA-MEMBRANE AB Herbicides with new modes of action (MOAs) are badly needed due to the rapidly evolving resistance to commercial herbicides, but a new MOA has not been introduced in over 20 years. The greatest pest management challenge for organic agriculture is the lack of effective natural product herbicides. The structural diversity and evolved biological activity of natural phytotoxins offer opportunities for the development of both directly used natural compounds and synthetic herbicides with new target sites based on the structures of natural phytotoxins. Natural phytotoxins are also a source for the discovery of new herbicide target sites that can serve as the focus of traditional herbicide discovery efforts. There are many examples of strong natural phytotoxins with MOAs other than those used by commercial herbicides, which indicates that there are molecular targets of herbicides that can be added to the current repertoire of commercial herbicide MOAs. C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Duke, Stephen O.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM stephen.duke@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 208 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 6 U2 64 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 166 IS 3 BP 1090 EP 1105 DI 10.1104/pp.114.239061 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT6TP UT WOS:000345072400002 PM 24784133 ER PT J AU Burgos, NR Singh, V Tseng, TM Black, H Young, ND Huang, ZY Hyma, KE Gealy, DR Caicedo, AL AF Burgos, Nilda Roma Singh, Vijay Tseng, Te Ming Black, Howard Young, Nelson D. Huang, Zhongyun Hyma, Katie E. Gealy, David R. Caicedo, Ana L. TI The Impact of Herbicide-Resistant Rice Technology on Phenotypic Diversity and Population Structure of United States Weedy Rice SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; RED RICE; GENE FLOW; CLEARFIELD(TM) RICE; CULTIVATED RICE; NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; OUTCROSSING RATE; ARKANSAS; USA; MANAGEMENT AB The use of herbicide-resistant (HR) Clearfield rice (Oryza sativa) to control weedy rice has increased in the past 12 years to constitute about 60% of rice acreage in Arkansas, where most U.S. rice is grown. To assess the impact of HR cultivated rice on the herbicide resistance and population structure of weedy rice, weedy samples were collected from commercial fields with a history of Clearfield rice. Panicles from each weedy type were harvested and tested for resistance to imazethapyr. The majority of plants sampled had at least 20% resistant offspring. These resistant weeds were 97 to 199 cm tall and initiated flowering from 78 to 128 d, generally later than recorded for accessions collected prior to the widespread use of Clearfield rice (i.e. historical accessions). Whereas the majority (70%) of historical accessions had straw-colored hulls, only 30% of contemporary HR weedy rice had straw-colored hulls. Analysis of genotyping-by-sequencing data showed that HR weeds were not genetically structured according to hull color, whereas historical weedy rice was separated into straw-hull and black-hull populations. A significant portion of the local rice crop genome was introgressed into HR weedy rice, which was rare in historical weedy accessions. Admixture analyses showed that HR weeds tend to possess crop haplotypes in the portion of chromosome 2 containing the ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE gene, which confers herbicide resistance to Clearfield rice. Thus, U. S. HR weedy rice is a distinct population relative to historical weedy rice and shows modifications in morphology and phenology that are relevant to weed management. C1 [Burgos, Nilda Roma; Singh, Vijay; Tseng, Te Ming] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Black, Howard; Gealy, David R.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Young, Nelson D.; Huang, Zhongyun; Hyma, Katie E.; Caicedo, Ana L.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Caicedo, AL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM caicedo@bio.umass.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1032023] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. IOS-1032023). NR 73 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 166 IS 3 BP 1208 EP 1220 DI 10.1104/pp.114.242719 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT6TP UT WOS:000345072400011 PM 25122473 ER PT J AU Glover-Cutter, KM Alderman, S Dombrowski, JE Martin, RC AF Glover-Cutter, Kira M. Alderman, Stephen Dombrowski, James E. Martin, Ruth C. TI Enhanced Oxidative Stress Resistance through Activation of a Zinc Deficiency Transcription Factor in Brachypodium distachyon SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ABIOTIC STRESS; ER-STRESS; FLUORESCEIN DIACETATE; PROMOTE LONGEVITY; LOLIUM-TEMULENTUM; GENE-REGULATION AB Identification of viable strategies to increase stress resistance of crops will become increasingly important for the goal of global food security as our population increases and our climate changes. Considering that resistance to oxidative stress is oftentimes an indicator of health and longevity in animal systems, characterizing conserved pathways known to increase oxidative stress resistance could prove fruitful for crop improvement strategies. This report argues for the usefulness and practicality of the model organism Brachypodium distachyon for identifying and validating stress resistance factors. Specifically, we focus on a zinc deficiency B. distachyon basic leucine zipper transcription factor, BdbZIP10, and its role in oxidative stress in the model organism B. distachyon. When overexpressed, BdbZIP10 protects plants and callus tissue from oxidative stress insults, most likely through distinct and direct activation of protective oxidative stress genes. Increased oxidative stress resistance and cell viability through the overexpression of BdbZIP10 highlight the utility of investigating conserved stress responses between plant and animal systems. C1 [Glover-Cutter, Kira M.; Alderman, Stephen; Dombrowski, James E.; Martin, Ruth C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Martin, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ruth.martin@ars.usda.gov OI Glover-Cutter, Kira/0000-0002-7321-8604 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Administrator's Postdoctoral Research Associate Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Administrator's Postdoctoral Research Associate Program (to R.C.M. to fund K.M.G.-C.). NR 104 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 166 IS 3 BP 1492 EP + DI 10.1104/pp.114.240457 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT6TP UT WOS:000345072400033 PM 25228396 ER PT J AU El-Gohary, FA Huff, WE Huff, GR Rath, NC Zhou, ZY Donoghue, AM AF El-Gohary, F. A. Huff, W. E. Huff, G. R. Rath, N. C. Zhou, Z. Y. Donoghue, A. M. TI Environmental augmentation with bacteriophage prevents colibacillosis in broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bacteriophage; therapy; colibacillosis; Escherichia coli; broiler ID COLI RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; AEROSOL SPRAY; EFFICACY; POULTRY; TREAT AB Bacteriophages are viruses that kill bacteria. They are plentiful in nature; are safe, having no known activity to human or animal cells; and are an attractive alternative to antibiotics. The objectives of this research were to establish an experimental model of colibacillosis induced by indirect exposure to Escherichia coli and to determine if bacteriophage could protect the birds from developing colibacillosis. In study 1 there were 6 treatments with 2 replicate pens of 25 birds. The treatments were control warm brooded; control cold stressed; litter inoculated with E. coli, warm brooded; litter inoculated with E. coli, cold stressed; seeder birds (5 per pen) challenged with E. coli, warm brooded; and seeder birds (5 per pen), cold stressed. The study concluded when the birds were 3 wk of age. Body weights at 1, 2, and 3 wk of age were significantly decreased (P <= 0.05) by cold stress, decreased at 1 and 2 wk of age by both the litter and seeder bird treatments compared with the control treatment and by the seeder bird treatment at 3 wk of age. Study 2 consisted of 8 treatments with 2 replicate pens of 20 birds per treatment. The treatments were control, warm brooded; control, cold stressed; litter inoculated with E. coli, cold stressed; and seeder birds (5/pen) challenged with E. coli, cold stressed with and without bacteriophage treatment. In the bacteriophage treatments the bacteriophages were sprayed on the litter. The study was concluded at 3 wk of age. Body weights at 1 wk of age were significantly (P <= 0.05) decreased from the control treatment by the seeder bird treatment and were significantly (P <= 0.05) higher in all the bacteriophage treatments compared with their matched untreated treatments, except in the control cold stressed treatment. Mortality was significantly (P <= 0.05) decreased by bacteriophage in the litter challenged treatment. These data suggest that augmentation of the environment with bacteriophage is a practical and efficacious way to prevent colibacillosis in broiler chickens. C1 [El-Gohary, F. A.] Mansoura Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Hyg & Zoonoses, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. [Huff, W. E.; Huff, G. R.; Rath, N. C.; Donoghue, A. M.] Univ Arkansas, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Agr Res Serv,Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Zhou, Z. Y.] Southwest Univ, Dept Vet Med, Chongqing 402460, Peoples R China. RP Huff, WE (reprint author), Mansoura Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Hyg & Zoonoses, Elgomhouria St, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. EM huff@uark.edu FU Ministry of Higher Education of the Egyptian Government FX The authors are grateful for the financial support of the Ministry of Higher Education of the Egyptian Government for the F. A. El-Gohary sabbatical to conduct cooperative research in our laboratory. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 93 IS 11 BP 2788 EP 2792 DI 10.3382/ps.2014-04282 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AT4AF UT WOS:000344878000012 PM 25214555 ER PT J AU Bartenfeld, LN Fletcher, DL Northcutt, JK Bourassa, DV Cox, NA Buhr, RJ AF Bartenfeld, L. N. Fletcher, D. L. Northcutt, J. K. Bourassa, D. V. Cox, N. A. Buhr, R. J. TI The effect of high-level chlorine carcass drench on the recovery of Salmonella and enumeration of bacteria from broiler carcasses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; chlorine; carcass microbiology; Salmonella ID POULTRY CHILLER WATER; CHICKEN CARCASSES; FECAL CONTAMINATION; SAMPLING METHODS; PH; CAMPYLOBACTER; MUTAGENS; SURVIVAL; DISINFECTANTS; TEMPERATURES AB A study was conducted to determine the bacteriological effect of exposing processed broiler carcasses to a high (10-fold increase) concentration chlorinated drench. During each of 6 replicate trials, eviscerated prechill carcasses were obtained from a commercial processing plant and chlorine-treated carcasses were subjected to a 1-min drench in 500 mL of a 500 mg/kg chlorine solution (sodium hypochlorite). Water-drenched carcasses were treated the same way except water was used in place of chlorinated water drench. Control carcasses were not drenched. All carcasses were then subjected to a whole carcass rinse (WCR) in 450 mL of buffered peptone water, from which 50 mL of the rinsate was removed for enumeration of total aerobic bacteria (APC), Escherichia coli, and total coliforms (TC). The entire carcass was then incubated 24 h at 37 degrees C (whole carcass enrichment, WCE) for recovery of Salmonella. Levels of bacteria recovered from WCR were lower by 0.6 log(10) cfu/mL for APC, 0.8 for E. coli, and 0.9 for TC when carcasses were drenched with water compared with undrenched control levels. Similarly, the levels of bacteria recovered from WCR were further lower by 1.0 log(10) cfu/mL for APC, 0.5 for E. coli, and 0.5 for TC, when carcasses were drenched with 500 mg/kg of chlorine compared with water. However, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in prevalence of Salmonella among the treatments (29% positive for control, 26% positive for water, 38% positive for chlorinated). These results indicate that drenching eviscerated carcasses with water or chlorinated water at 500 mg/kg significantly, but minimally, reduces the numbers of APC, E. coli, and TC bacteria recovered compared with undrenched carcasses. However, neither drenching carcasses with water or high chlorine had an effect on the prevalence of Salmonella that remain with the carcass as determined by WCE. The results of this study confirms the importance of maintaining and replenishing free chlorine for optimal antimicrobial activity, because chlorine at 500 mg/kg was rapidly used within 1 min of exposure to the carcass to < 10 mg/kg. C1 [Bartenfeld, L. N.; Fletcher, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Northcutt, J. K.] USDA ARS, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Bourassa, D. V.; Cox, N. A.; Buhr, R. J.] USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Jeff.Buhr@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 93 IS 11 BP 2893 EP 2899 DI 10.3382/ps.2014-04051 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AT4AF UT WOS:000344878000025 PM 25172928 ER PT J AU Schroeder, TA Healey, SP Moisen, GG Frescino, TS Cohen, WB Huang, CQ Kennedy, RE Yang, ZQ AF Schroeder, Todd A. Healey, Sean P. Moisen, Gretchen G. Frescino, Tracey S. Cohen, Warren B. Huang, Chengquan Kennedy, Robert E. Yang, Zhiqiang TI Improving estimates of forest disturbance by combining observations from Landsat time series with US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest disturbance; Design-based estimation; Disturbance mapping; Post-stratification; Landsat time series; Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STRATIFIED ESTIMATION; DETECTING TRENDS; TREE MORTALITY; COVER CHANGE; RESOLUTION; IMPACTS; AREA; INCREASE AB With earth's surface temperature and human population both on the rise a new emphasis has been placed on monitoring changes to forested ecosystems the world over. In the United States the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program monitors the forested land base with field data collected over a permanent network of sample plots. Although these plots are visited repeatedly through time there are large temporal gaps (e.g. 5-10 years) between remeasurements such that many forest canopy disturbances go undetected. In this paper we demonstrate how Landsat time series (LTS) can help improve FIA's capacity to estimate disturbance by 1.) incorporating a new, downward looking response variable which is more sensitive to picking up change and 2.) providing historical disturbance maps which can reduce the variance of design-based estimates via post-stratification. To develop the LTS response variable a trained analyst was used to manually interpret 449 forested HA plots located in the Uinta Mountains of northern Utah, USA. This involved recording cause and timing of disturbances based on evidence gathered from a 26-year annual stack of Landsat images and an 18-year, periodically spaced set of high resolution (similar to 1 m) aerial photographs (e.g. National Aerial Image Program, NAIP and Google Earth). In general, the Landsat data captured major disturbances (e.g. harvests, fires) while the air photos allowed more detailed estimates of the number of trees impacted by recent insect outbreaks. Comparing the LTS and FIA field observations, we found that overall agreement was 73%, although when only disturbed plots were considered agreement dropped to 40%. Using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test, we compared distributions of live and disturbed tree size (height and DBH) and found that when LTS and FIA both found non-stand clearing disturbance the median disturbed tree size was significantly larger than undisturbed trees, whereas no significant difference was found on plots where only FIA detected disturbance. This suggests that LTS interpretation and FIA field crews both detect upper canopy disturbances while RA crews alone add disturbances occurring at or below canopy level. The analysis also showed that plots with only LTS disturbance had a significantly greater median number of years since last FIA measurement (6 years) than plots with both FIA and LTS disturbances (2.5 years), indicating that LTS improved detection on plots which had not been field sampled for several years. Next, to gauge the impact of incorporating LTS disturbances into the FIA estimation process we calculated design-based estimates of disturbance (for the period 1995-2011) using three response populations 1.) LTS observations, 2.) FIA field observations, and 3.) Combination of FIA and LTS observations. The results showed that combining the FIA and LTS observations led to the largest and most precise (i.e. smallest percent standard error) estimates of disturbance. In fact, the estimate based on the combined observations (486,458 ha, +/-47,101) was approximately 65% more than the estimate derived solely with FIA data (294,295 ha, +/-44,242). Lastly, a Landsat forest disturbance map was developed and tested for its ability to post-stratify the design-based estimates. Based on relative efficiency (RE), we found that stratification mostly improved the estimates derived with the LTS response data. Aside from insects (RE = 1. 26), the estimates of area affected by individual agents saw minimal gain, whereas the LTS and combined FIA + LTS estimates of total disturbance saw modest improvement, with REs of 1.43 and 1.50 respectively. Overall, our results successfully demonstrate two ways LTS can improve the completeness and precision of disturbance estimates derived from FIA inventory data. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Schroeder, Todd A.; Healey, Sean P.; Moisen, Gretchen G.; Frescino, Tracey S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kennedy, Robert E.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Yang, Zhiqiang] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Schroeder, TA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM tschroeder@fs.fed.us OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Terrestrial Ecology Program through the North American Forest Dynamics (Phase 3) project; Interior West Region of the US Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (HA) program; FIA's Techniques Research Band (TRB); NASA's Applied Science Program FX This research was funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Terrestrial Ecology Program through the North American Forest Dynamics (Phase 3) project. Additional support was provided by the Interior West Region of the US Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (HA) program, FIA's Techniques Research Band (TRB), and NASA's Applied Science Program. Additional technical assistance was provided by the US Forest Service's Remote Sensing Application Center (RSAC) and the Laboratory for Applications of Remote Sensing in Ecology (LARSE) part of the U.S. Forest Service's PNW Research Station and Oregon State University. NR 61 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 154 SI SI BP 61 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.08.005 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AT8SI UT WOS:000345201900006 ER PT J AU Miernecki, M Wigneron, JP Lopez-Baeza, E Kerr, Y De Jeu, R De Lannoy, GJM Jackson, TJ O'Neill, PE Schwank, M Moran, RF Bircher, S Lawrence, H Mialon, A Al Bitar, A Richaume, P AF Miernecki, Maciej Wigneron, Jean-Pierre Lopez-Baeza, Ernesto Kerr, Yann De Jeu, Richard De Lannoy, Gabrielle J. M. Jackson, Thomas J. O'Neill, Peggy E. Schwank, Mike Fernandez Moran, Roberto Bircher, Simone Lawrence, Heather Mialon, Arnaud Al Bitar, Ahmad Richaume, Philippe TI Comparison of SMOS and SMAP soil moisture retrieval approaches using tower-based radiometer data over a vineyard field SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE SMOS; SMAP; Soil moisture retrieval; ELBARA; Valencia Anchor Station ID VEGETATION OPTICAL DEPTH; L-MEB MODEL; PASSIVE MICROWAVE OBSERVATIONS; POLARIZATION DIFFERENCE INDEX; DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; CROP FIELDS; AMSR-E; EMISSION; CALIBRATION; BIOMASS AB The objective of this study was to compare several approaches to soil moisture (SM) retrieval using L-band microwave radiometry. The comparison was based on a brightness temperature (T-B) data set acquired since 2010 by the L-band radiometer ELBARA-II over a vineyard field at the Valencia Anchor Station (VAS) site. ELBARA-II, provided by the European Space Agency (ESA) within the scientific program of the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) mission, measures multiangular T-B data at horizontal and vertical polarization for a range of incidence angles (30 degrees-60 degrees). Based on a three year data set (2010-2012), several SM retrieval approaches developed for spaceborne missions including AMSR-E (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS), SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) and SMOS were compared. The approaches include: the Single Channel Algorithm (SCA) for horizontal (SCA-H) and vertical (SCA-V) polarizations, the Dual Channel Algorithm (DCA), the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM) and two simplified approaches based on statistical regressions (referred to as 'Mattar' and 'Saleh'). Time series of vegetation indices required for three of the algorithms (SCA-H, SCA-V and 'Mattar') were obtained from MODIS observations. The SM retrievals were evaluated against reference SM values estimated from a multiangular 2-Parameter inversion approach. As no in situ SM data was used, the evaluation made here is relative to the use of this specific reference data set. The results obtained with the current base line algorithms developed for SMAP (SCA-H and -V) are in very good agreement with the 'reference' SM data set derived from the multi-angular observations (R-2 approximate to 0.90, RMSE varying between 0.035 and 0.056 m(3)/m(3) for several retrieval configurations). This result showed that provided the relationship between vegetation optical depth and a remotely-sensed vegetation index can be calibrated, the SCA algorithms can provide results very close to those obtained from multi-angular observations in this study area. The approaches based on statistical regressions provided similar results and the best accuracy was obtained with the 'Saleh' methods based on either bi-angular or bipolarization observations (R-2 approximate to 0.93, RMSE 0.035 m(3)/m(3)). The LPRM and DCA algorithms were found to be slightly less successful in retrieving the 'reference' SM time series (R-2 approximate to 0.75, RMSE 0.055 m(3)/m(3)). However, the two above approaches have the great advantage of not requiring any model calibrations previous to the SM retrievals. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Miernecki, Maciej] Univ Hamburg, Ctr Marine & Atmospher Sci ZMAW, Hamburg, Germany. [Wigneron, Jean-Pierre] INRA, Bordeaux Sci Agro, UMR ISPA 1391, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Lopez-Baeza, Ernesto; Fernandez Moran, Roberto] Univ Valencia, Fac Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. [Kerr, Yann; Bircher, Simone; Mialon, Arnaud; Al Bitar, Ahmad; Richaume, Philippe] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, Ctr Etud Spatiales BIOsphere,CESBIO CNES, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [De Jeu, Richard] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [De Lannoy, Gabrielle J. M.; O'Neill, Peggy E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Jackson, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Schwank, Mike] Gamma Remote Sensing, CH-3073 Gumlingen, Switzerland. [Schwank, Mike] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Lawrence, Heather] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts ECMWF, Reading, Berks, England. RP Wigneron, JP (reprint author), INRA, Bordeaux Sci Agro, UMR ISPA 1391, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. EM wigneron@bordeaux.inra.fr FU TOSCA program of CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, France); Spanish National Program on Space Research [MIDAS-5, ESP2007-65667-C04-03, MIDAS-6, AYA2010-22062-C05-03]; ESA (European Space Agency) FX This study received financial support from the TOSCA program of CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, France), the Spanish National Program on Space Research (MIDAS-5, ESP2007-65667-C04-03, and MIDAS-6, AYA2010-22062-C05-03, Projects) and ESA (European Space Agency) in the framework of the cal/val activities of the SMOS mission. The MODIS MOD13Q1 data were obtained through the online Data Pool at the NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC), USGS/Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota (http://lpdaac.usgs.gov/get_data). The CATDS data were obtained from the "Centre Aval de Traitement des Donnees SMOS" (CATDS), operated for the "Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales" (CNES, France) by IFREMER (Brest, France). NR 62 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 154 SI SI BP 89 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.08.002 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AT8SI UT WOS:000345201900008 ER PT J AU Su, CH Ryu, D Crow, WT Western, AW AF Su, Chun-Hsu Ryu, Dongryeol Crow, Wade T. Western, Andrew W. TI Stand-alone error characterisation of microwave satellite soil moisture using a Fourier method SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil moisture; Error estimation; Remote sensing; Spectral analysis; Triple collocation; AMSR-E; ASCAT; Principal component analysis ID TRIPLE COLLOCATION; AMSR-E; SURFACE HETEROGENEITY; PRODUCTS; SCALE; PRECIPITATION; VALIDATION; RETRIEVAL; MODEL; ASCAT AB Error characterisation of satellite-retrieved soil moisture (SM) is crucial for maximizing their utility in research and applications in hydro-meteorology and climatology. It can provide insights for retrieval development and validation, and inform suitable strategies for data fusion and assimilation. Su et al. (2013a) proposed a potential Fourier method for quantifying the errors based on the difference between the empirical power spectra of these SM data and a water balance model via spectral fitting (SF), circumventing the need for any ancillary data This work first evaluates its utility by estimating the errors in two passive and active microwave satellite SM over Australia, and comparing the results against the triple collocation (TC) estimator. The SF estimator shows very good agreement with TC in terms of error standard deviation and signal-to-noise ratio, with strong linear correlations of 0.80-0.92 but with lower error estimates. As the two estimators are not strictly comparable, their strong agreement suggests a strong complementarity between time-domain and frequency-domain analyses of errors. A better understanding of the spectral characteristics of the error is still needed to understand their differences. Next, spatial analyses of the derived (SF and TC) error maps, in terms of error standard deviation and noise-to-signal ratio, for the two satellite data are performed with principal component analysis to identify influence of vegetation/leaf-area index (LAI), rainfall, soil wetness, and spatial heterogeneity in topography and soil type on retrieval errors. Lastly, seasonal analysis of the errors discovers systematic temporal variability in errors due to variability in rainfall amount, and less so with changing LAI. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Chun-Hsu; Ryu, Dongryeol; Western, Andrew W.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Crow, Wade T.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Su, CH (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM csu@unimelb.edu.au RI Su, Chun-Hsu/C-2076-2014; Ryu, Dongryeol/C-5903-2008; Western, Andrew/G-1730-2011 OI Su, Chun-Hsu/0000-0003-2504-0466; Ryu, Dongryeol/0000-0002-5335-6209; Western, Andrew/0000-0003-4982-146X FU Australian Research Council; Bureau of Meteorology, Australia, under ARC Linkage Project [LP110200520] FX We thank Wolfgang Wagner, Kaighin McColl and Luigi Renzullo for valuable discussions, and Camila Alvarez-Garreton, Shelly Chua, and Venkata Radha for their helpful comments on the early drafts of the manuscript. We also thank our editor, Dr. Marvin Bauer, and his two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions and the opportunity to improve upon the submitted manuscript. We are grateful to all who contributed to the data sets used in this study. Yanco in situ data were produced by Jeff Walker and colleagues at Monash University and the University of Melbourne who have been involved in the OzNet programme. AMSR-E data were produced by Richard de Jeu and colleagues at Vrije University Amsterdam and NASA. ASCAT level 3 data were produced by the Vienna University of Technology within the framework of EUMETSAT's Satellite Application Facility on Support of Operational Hydrology and Water Management from MetOp-A observations. The MERRA-Land and TRMM/TMPA data sets were provided by the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). GMTED2010 elevation data is made available by the U.S. Geological Survey. The MODIS LAI data set is made available by CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) via http://www.auscover.org.au. National soil data were provided by the Australian Collaborative Land Evaluation Program ACLEP, endorsed through the National Committee on Soil and Terrain NCST (www.clw.csiro.au/aclep). This research was conducted with financial support from the Australian Research Council and the Bureau of Meteorology, Australia, under ARC Linkage Project No. LP110200520. NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 154 SI SI BP 115 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.08.014 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AT8SI UT WOS:000345201900010 ER PT J AU McRoberts, RE Naesset, E Gobakken, T AF McRoberts, Ronald E. Naesset, Erik Gobakken, Terje TI Estimation for inaccessible and non-sampled forest areas using model-based inference and remotely sensed auxiliary information SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat; Udar; Precision ID HEDMARK COUNTY; ASSISTED ESTIMATION; FINITE POPULATIONS; BIOMASS ESTIMATION; REGRESSION MODELS; AIRBORNE LIDAR; NORWAY; STRATIFICATION; INTENSITY; INVENTORY AB For remote and inaccessible forest regions, lack of sufficient or possibly any sample data inhibits estimation and construction of confidence intervals for population parameters using familiar probability- or design-based inferential methods. Although maps based on remotely sensed data may provide information on the distribution of resources, map-based estimates are subject to classification and prediction error, and map accuracy measures do not directly inform the uncertainty of the estimates. Model-based inference does not require probability samples and when used with synthetic estimation can circumvent small or no-sample difficulties associated with probability-based inference. The study focused on estimating proportion forest area using Landsat data for a study area in Minnesota, USA, and aboveground biomass using airborne laser scanning data for a study area in Hedmark County, Norway. For both study areas, model-based inference was used to estimate the components necessary for constructing confidence intervals for population means for non-sampled areas. The estimates were compared to simple random sampling, model-assisted, and model-based estimates that would have been obtained if the areas had been sampled. All estimates were within two simple random sampling standard errors of each other, thereby illustrating the utility of model-based inference for non-sampled areas. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Naesset, Erik; Gobakken, Terje] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, As, Norway. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 154 SI SI BP 226 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.08.028 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AT8SI UT WOS:000345201900019 ER PT J AU Smith, AMS Kolden, CA Tinkham, WT Talhelm, AF Marshall, JD Hudak, AT Boschetti, L Falkowski, MJ Greenberg, JA Anderson, JW Kliskey, A Alessa, L Keefe, RF Gosz, JR AF Smith, Alistair M. S. Kolden, Crystal A. Tinkham, Wade T. Talhelm, Alan F. Marshall, John D. Hudak, Andrew T. Boschetti, Luigi Falkowski, Michael J. Greenberg, Jonathan A. Anderson, John W. Kliskey, Andrew Alessa, Lilian Keefe, Robert F. Gosz, James R. TI Remote sensing the vulnerability of vegetation in natural terrestrial ecosystems SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Adaptation; Resilience; Ecological early warning systems; Climate change; Mitigation ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PHOTOCHEMICAL REFLECTANCE INDEX; MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; EARLY-WARNING SYSTEM; LAND-COVER CHANGE; GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; CANADIAN BOREAL FOREST; TUNDRA-TAIGA BOUNDARY; MULTI-DECADAL CHANGES; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Climate change is altering the species composition, structure, and function of vegetation in natural terrestrial ecosystems. These changes can also impact the essential ecosystem goods and services derived from these ecosystems. Following disturbances, remote-sensing datasets have been used to monitor the disturbance and describe antecedent conditions as a means of understanding vulnerability to change. To a lesser extent, they have also been used to predict when desired ecosystems are vulnerable to degradation or loss. In this paper, we review studies that have applied remote sensing imagery to characterize vegetation vulnerability in both retrospective and prospective modes. We first review vulnerability research in natural terrestrial ecosystems including temperate forests, tropical forests, boreal forests, semi-arid lands, coastal areas, and the arctic. We then evaluate whether remote sensing can evaluate vulnerability sufficiently in advance of future events in order to allow the implementation of mitigation strategies, or whether it can only describe antecedent conditions a posteriori. The majority of existing research has evaluated vulnerability retrospectively, but key studies highlight the considerable potential for the development of early warnings of future vulnerability. We conclude that future research needs to focus on the development of a greater number of remotely sensed metrics to be used in a prospective mode in assessing vulnerability of terrestrial vegetation under change. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Smith, Alistair M. S.; Tinkham, Wade T.; Talhelm, Alan F.; Marshall, John D.; Boschetti, Luigi; Kliskey, Andrew; Keefe, Robert F.; Gosz, James R.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kolden, Crystal A.] Univ Idaho, Coll Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Falkowski, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Greenberg, Jonathan A.] Univ Illinois, Sch Earth Soc & Environm, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Anderson, John W.; Alessa, Lilian] Univ Idaho, Coll Art & Architecture, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Smith, AMS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM alistair@uidaho.edu RI Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014; Boschetti, Luigi/C-6198-2008; OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958; Boschetti, Luigi/0000-0001-6525-4413; Greenberg, Jonathan/0000-0001-8435-9077 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX11AO24G]; National Science Foundation Idaho EPSCoR [EPS-0814387, EPS-0701898]; National Science Foundation [ARC-0327296, ARC-0328686, ARC-0755966] FX Smith was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under award NNX11AO24G. Partial support for Tinkham was received from the National Science Foundation Idaho EPSCoR Grants: EPS-0814387 and EPS-0701898. Partial support for Alessa and Kliskey was obtained from the National Science Foundation for OPP Grants ARC-0327296, ARC-0328686, and ARC-0755966. The authors wish to thank Dr. Richard Waring, and two anonymous reviewers whose honesty and candor considerably improved this manuscript. NR 284 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 15 U2 87 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 154 SI SI BP 322 EP 337 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.03.038 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AT8SI UT WOS:000345201900027 ER PT J AU Hall, MB AF Hall, Mary Beth TI Feed Analyses and Their Interpretation SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Feed analysis; Carbohydrates; Proteins; Fats; Minerals; Digestion; Composition ID NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; ENZYMATIC METHOD; DIGESTIBILITY; AVAILABILITY; RUMINANTS; DIGESTION; CATTLE; GRAIN; CORN AB Compositional analysis is central to determining the nutritional value of feedstuffs for use in ration formulation. The utility of the values and how they should be used depends on how representative the feed sub-sample is, the nutritional, relevance and analytical variability of the assays, and whether an analysis is suitable to be applied to a particular feedstuff. Commercial analyses presently available for carbohydrates, protein, and fats have improved nutritionally pertinent description of feed fractions. Factors affecting interpretation of feed analyses and the nutritional relevance and application of currently available analyses are discussed. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM MaryBeth.Hall@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-0720 EI 1558-4240 J9 VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Food Anim. Pract. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 30 IS 3 BP 487 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cvfa.2014.07.001 PG 20 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT3EX UT WOS:000344819900002 PM 25441538 ER PT J AU Lean, IJ Golder, HM Hall, MB AF Lean, Ian J. Golder, Helen M. Hall, Mary Beth TI Feeding, Evaluating, and Controlling Rumen Function SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Rumen function; Carbohydrates; Proteins; Acidosis; Evaluating nutrition ID LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; SUBACUTE RUMINAL ACIDOSIS; DIRECT-FED MICROBIALS; DIETARY-SODIUM BICARBONATE; FERMENTATION IN-VITRO; DRY-MATTER INTAKE; REAL-TIME PCR; MILK-PRODUCTION; SUPPLEMENTAL NIACIN; FATTY-ACIDS AB Achieving optimal rumen function requires an understanding of feeds and systems of nutritional evaluation. Key influences on optimal function include achieving good dry matter intake. The function of feeds in the rumen depends on other factors including chemical composition, rate of passage, degradation rate of the feed, availability of other substrates and cofactors, and individual animal variation. This article discusses carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism in the rumen, and provides practical means of evaluation of rations in the field. Conditions under which rumen function is suboptimal (ie, acidosis and bloat) are discussed, and methods for control examined. C1 [Lean, Ian J.; Golder, Helen M.] SBScibus, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia. [Lean, Ian J.; Golder, Helen M.] Univ Sydney, Fac Vet Sci, Dairy Sci Grp, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia. [Hall, Mary Beth] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Lean, IJ (reprint author), POB 660, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia. EM ianl@sbscibus.com.au RI Golder, Helen/B-6653-2016 OI Golder, Helen/0000-0003-1298-3107 NR 119 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 45 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-0720 EI 1558-4240 J9 VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Food Anim. Pract. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 30 IS 3 BP 539 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cvfa.2014.07.003 PG 38 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT3EX UT WOS:000344819900004 PM 25249402 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP Robnett, CJ AF Kurtzman, Cletus P. Robnett, Christie J. TI Description of Kuraishia piskuri f.a., sp. nov., a new methanol assimilating yeast and transfer of phylogenetically related Candida species to the genera Kuraishia and Nakazawaea as new combinations SO FEMS YEAST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Kuraishia; Nakazawaea; Candida; new insect-associated yeast; methanol growth ID ASCOMYCETOUS YEASTS AB The new anamorphic yeast Kuraishia piskuri, f.a., sp. nov. is described for three strains that were isolated from insect frass from trees growing in Florida, USA (type strain, NRRL YB-2544, CBS 13714). Species placement was based on phylogenetic analysis of nuclear gene sequences for the D1/D2 domains of large subunit rRNA, small subunit rRNA, translation elongation factor-1, and subunits B1 and B2 of RNA polymerase II B. From this analysis, the anamorphic species Candida borneana, Candida cidri, Candida floccosa, Candida hungarica, and Candida ogatae were transferred to the genus Kuraishia as new combinations and Candida anatomiae, Candida ernobii, Candida ishiwadae, Candida laoshanensis, Candida molendini-olei, Candida peltata, Candida pomicola, Candida populi, Candida wickerhamii, and Candida wyomingensis were transferred to the genus Nakazawaea. C1 [Kurtzman, Cletus P.; Robnett, Christie J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM cletus.kurtzman@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1567-1356 EI 1567-1364 J9 FEMS YEAST RES JI FEMS Yeast Res. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1028 EP 1036 DI 10.1111/1567-1364.12192 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology GA AT4OF UT WOS:000344918500004 PM 25132542 ER PT J AU St John, FJ Dietrich, D Crooks, C Pozharski, E Gonzalez, JM Bales, E Smith, K Hurlbert, JC AF St John, Franz J. Dietrich, Diane Crooks, Casey Pozharski, Edwin Gonzalez, Javier M. Bales, Elizabeth Smith, Kennon Hurlbert, Jason C. TI A novel member of glycoside hydrolase family 30 subfamily 8 with altered substrate specificity SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ERWINIA-CHRYSANTHEMI; GLUCURONOXYLAN XYLANOHYDROLASE; XYLANASE; PROTEINS; SEQUENCE; SUGARS AB Endoxylanases classified into glycoside hydrolase family 30 subfamily 8 (GH30-8) are known to hydrolyze the hemicellulosic polysaccharide glucuronoxylan (GX) but not arabinoxylan or neutral xylooligosaccharides. This is owing to the specificity of these enzymes for the alpha-1,2-linked glucuronate (GA) appendage of GX. Limit hydrolysis of this substrate produces a series of aldouronates each containing a single GA substituted on the xylose penultimate to the reducing terminus. In this work, the structural and biochemical characterization of xylanase 30A from Clostridium papyrosolvens (CpXyn30A) is presented. This xylanase possesses a high degree of amino-acid identity to the canonical GH30-8 enzymes, but lacks the hallmark beta 8-alpha 8 loop region which in part defines the function of this GH30 subfamily and its role in GA recognition. CpXyn30A is shown to have a similarly low activity on all xylan substrates, while hydrolysis of xylohexaose revealed a competing transglycosylation reaction. These findings are directly compared with the model GH30-8 enzyme from Bacillus subtilis, XynC. Despite its high sequence identity to the GH30-8 enzymes, CpXyn30A does not have any apparent specificity for the GA appendage. These findings confirm that the typically conserved beta 8-alpha 8 loop region of these enzymes influences xylan substrate specificity but not necessarily alpha-1,4-xylanase function. C1 [St John, Franz J.; Dietrich, Diane; Crooks, Casey] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Pozharski, Edwin] Univ Maryland, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gonzalez, Javier M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Bales, Elizabeth; Smith, Kennon; Hurlbert, Jason C.] Winthrop Univ, Dept Chem Phys & Geol, Rock Hill, SC 29733 USA. RP St John, FJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM fjstjohn@gmail.com RI St John, Franz/J-8970-2016; OI St John, Franz/0000-0003-3458-5628; Pozharski, Edwin/0000-0001-7012-5376; Gonzalez, Javier M./0000-0002-3298-2235 FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; National Center for Research Resources [5 P20 RR016461] FX This work was primarily supported through the Wood, Fiber and Composites Research area of the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. JCH is supported by a grant from the National Center for Research Resources (5 P20 RR016461). JCH would like to acknowledge Dr Chris Davies of the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA for access to X-ray equipment and assistance in data collection. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1399-0047 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 70 BP 2950 EP 2958 DI 10.1107/S1399004714019531 PN 11 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA AT2UM UT WOS:000344792000016 PM 25372685 ER PT J AU Engelhorn, J Moreau, F Fletcher, JC Carles, CC AF Engelhorn, Julia Moreau, Fanny Fletcher, Jennifer C. Carles, Cristel C. TI ULTRAPETALA1 and LEAFY pathways function independently in specifying identity and determinacy at the Arabidopsis floral meristem SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Organogenesis; flower meristem identity; flower morphogenesis; flower determinacy; flower development; Arabidopsis thaliana; activation of transcription; ULTRAPETALA1; ULT1; LEAFY; LFY; MADS domain-containing proteins; AGAMOUS; trithorax group; trxG; chromatin ID STEM-CELL MAINTENANCE; FLOWER DEVELOPMENT; HOMEOTIC GENE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CONTROLS SHOOT; WUSCHEL; THALIANA; TERMINATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION AB The morphological variability of the flower in angiosperms, combined with its relatively simple structure, makes it an excellent model to study cell specification and the establishment of morphogenetic patterns. Flowers are the products of floral meristems, which are determinate structures that generate four different types of floral organs before terminating. The precise organization of the flower in whorls, each defined by the identity and number of organs it contains, is controlled by a multi-layered network involving numerous transcriptional regulators. In particular, the AGAMOUS (AG) MADS domain-containing transcription factor plays a major role in controlling floral determinacy in Arabidopsis thaliana in addition to specifying reproductive organ identity. This study aims to characterize the genetic interactions between the ULTRAPETALA1 (ULT1) and LEAFY (LFY) transcriptional regulators during flower morphogenesis, with a focus on AG regulation. Genetic and molecular approaches were used to address the question of redundancy and reciprocal interdependency for the establishment of flower meristem initiation, identity and termination. In particular, the effects of loss of both ULT1 and LFY function were determined by analysing flower developmental phenotypes of double-mutant plants. The dependency of each factor on the other for activating developmental genes was also investigated in gain-of-function experiments. The ULT1 and LFY pathways, while both activating AG expression in the centre of the flower meristem, functioned independently in floral meristem determinacy. Ectopic transcriptional activation by ULT1 of AG and AP3, another gene encoding a MADS domain-containing flower architect, did not depend on LFY function. Similarly, LFY did not require ULT1 function to ectopically determine floral fate. The results indicate that the ULT1 and LFY pathways act separately in regulating identity and determinacy at the floral meristem. In particular, they independently induce AG expression in the centre of the flower to terminate meristem activity. A model is proposed whereby these independent contributions bring about a switch at the AG locus from an inactive to an active transcriptional state at the correct time and place during flower development. C1 [Engelhorn, Julia; Moreau, Fanny; Carles, Cristel C.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, UMR5168, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Engelhorn, Julia; Moreau, Fanny; Carles, Cristel C.] CNRS, UMR5168, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Engelhorn, Julia; Moreau, Fanny; Carles, Cristel C.] CEA, iRTSV, Lab Physiol Cellulaire & Vegetale, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Engelhorn, Julia; Moreau, Fanny; Carles, Cristel C.] INRA, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Fletcher, Jennifer C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Carles, CC (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, UMR5168, F-38041 Grenoble, France. EM Cristel.carles@ujf-grenoble.fr FU French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (French Embassy stipend); Rhone-Alpes county [12-01293101]; University of Grenoble-Alpes (UGA-UJF); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS-Higher Education Chair) [0428-64]; US National Science Foundation [IBN0110667] FX This work was supported by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (French Embassy stipend to J.E.), the Rhone-Alpes county (Allocation Doctorale de Recherche, Cluster 7, 12-01293101 to F. M.), the University of Grenoble-Alpes (UGA-UJF), the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS-Higher Education Chair, position 0428-64 to C. C. C.) and the US National Science Foundation (IBN0110667 to J.C.F). NR 38 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 30 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 EI 1095-8290 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 114 IS 7 BP 1497 EP 1505 DI 10.1093/aob/mcu185 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT0ND UT WOS:000344631800008 PM 25288633 ER PT J AU Diaz, JA Ye, ZJ Wu, XW Moore, AL Moon, RJ Martini, A Boday, DJ Youngblood, JP AF Diaz, Jairo A. Ye, Zhijiang Wu, Xiawa Moore, Arden L. Moon, Robert J. Martini, Ashlie Boday, Dylan J. Youngblood, Jeffrey P. TI Thermal Conductivity in Nanostructured Films: From Single Cellulose Nanocrystals to Bulk Films SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS; POLYMERS; NANOCOMPOSITES; SUSPENSIONS; COMPOSITES; RESISTANCE; NANOSCALE; CHEMISTRY; BACTERIA; SYSTEMS AB We achieved a multiscale description of the thermal conductivity of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from single CNCs (similar to 0.725.7 W m(1) K-1) to their organized nanostructured films (similar to 0.220.53 W m(1) K-1) using experimental evidence and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The ratio of the approximate phonon mean free path (similar to 1.75.3 nm) to the lateral dimension of a single CNC (similar to 520 nm) suggested a contribution of crystalcrystal interfaces to polydisperse CNC films heat transport. Based on this, we modeled the thermal conductivity of CNC films using MD-predicted single crystal and interface properties along with the degree of CNC alignment in the bulk films using Hermans order parameter. Film thermal conductivities were strongly correlated to the degree of CNC alignment and the direction of heat flow relative to the CNC chain axis. The low interfacial barrier to heat transport found for CNCs (similar to 9.4 to 12.6 m2 K GW(1)), and their versatile alignment capabilities offer unique opportunities in thermal conductivity control. C1 [Diaz, Jairo A.; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ye, Zhijiang; Martini, Ashlie] Univ Calif, Sch Mech Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Wu, Xiawa] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moore, Arden L.; Boday, Dylan J.] IBM Mat Engn, Tucson, AZ 85744 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Moon, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM robertmoon@fs.fed.us; amartini@ucmerced.edu; dboday@us.ibm.com; jpyoungb@purdue.edu RI Moore, Arden/G-9227-2014 OI Moore, Arden/0000-0002-9217-7510 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant [FA9550-11-1-0162] FX The authors would like to thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant #FA9550-11-1-0162 for supporting this project. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 EI 1526-4602 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD NOV PY 2014 VL 15 IS 11 BP 4096 EP 4101 DI 10.1021/bm501131a PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AT1WI UT WOS:000344721400023 PM 25286405 ER PT J AU Lee, H Everard, CD Kang, S Cho, BK Chao, K Chan, DE Kim, MS AF Lee, Hoyoung Everard, Colm D. Kang, Sukwon Cho, Byoung-Kwan Chao, Kuanglin Chan, Diane E. Kim, Moon S. TI Multispectral fluorescence imaging for detection of bovine faeces on Romaine lettuce and baby spinach leaves SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Hyperspectral imaging; Multispectral; Fluorescence; Faecal contamination; Food safety ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; FECAL CONTAMINATION; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; UNITED-STATES; APPLES; QUALITY; SYSTEM AB Hyperspectral fluorescence imaging with ultraviolet-A excitation was used to evaluate the feasibility of two-waveband fluorescence algorithms for the detection of bovine faecal contaminants on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of Romaine lettuce and baby spinach leaves. Correlation analysis was used to select the most significant waveband pairs for two-band ratio and difference methods in distinguishing contaminated and uncontaminated leaf areas. For this investigation, two-band ratios using bands at 665.6 nm and 680.0 nm (F665.6/F680.0) for lettuce and at 660.8 nm and 680.0 nm (F660.8/F680.0) for spinach effectively differentiated all contamination spots applied to the lettuce and spinach leaves, respectively. The fluorescence emission peaks for the faecal matter of animals that consume green plant materials and for chlorophyll a occur in close proximity in the red spectral region. Consequently, a high spectral resolution would be required for multispectral imaging with these two-band ratios for online implementation to detect bovine faecal contamination on leafy greens such as Romaine lettuce and baby spinach. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IAgrE. C1 [Lee, Hoyoung; Chao, Kuanglin; Chan, Diane E.; Kim, Moon S.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Everard, Colm D.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biosyst Engn, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Kang, Sukwon] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Suwon 441100, South Korea. [Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EMFSL, Bldg 303 BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM moon.kim@ars.usda.gov FU High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea; Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ009399] FX This work was partially supported by High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea, and Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ009399), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1537-5110 EI 1537-5129 J9 BIOSYST ENG JI Biosyst. Eng. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 127 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014.08.019 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AS7IY UT WOS:000344431200011 ER PT J AU Whiteley, AR Coombs, JA Letcher, BH Nislow, KH AF Whiteley, Andrew R. Coombs, Jason A. Letcher, Benjamin H. Nislow, Keith H. TI Simulation and empirical analysis of novel sibship-based genetic determination of fish passage SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; BROOK TROUT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PEDIGREE RECONSTRUCTION; MARKER DATA; STREAM; CONNECTIVITY; SOFTWARE; CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL AB We develop and test a new analytic approach, termed "sib-split", to detect fish passage through road crossings. This new approach is based on the genetic analysis of full-siblings on opposite sides of potential barriers. We used simulations and data from two empirical case studies involving brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) movement with respect to barriers that varied in strength of effect on fish passage. Simulations revealed that both sib-split and the population assignment-based method (STRUCTURE) were highly accurate (mean accuracy > 99%) under easy-to-detect conditions (moderate to strong genetic differentiation and no movement). However, under difficult-to-detect simulated conditions (no genetic differentiation, 10% movement each generation), sib-split had higher accuracy (mean accuracy = 98%) than STRUCTURE (mean accuracy = 84%). Sib-split also outperformed STRUCTURE (mean accuracy 98% versus 89%) under a more difficult-to-detect simulated management scenario (simulated construction of a new complete barrier to movement). Sib-split provided more reliable and easily interpretable movement detection in both easy-and difficult-to-detect empirical case studies. With the empirical case studies, sensitivity to the prior on migration rate precluded use of STRUCTURE by itself, but a two-step approach where sib-split results were used to provide an informed migration prior for STRUCTURE provided additional information for both case studies. C1 [Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.; Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Leetown Sci Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. RP Whiteley, AR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM awhiteley@eco.umass.edu FU USDA Forest Service San Dimas Technology and Development Center [USFS 10-JV-11242307-098]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture; Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station; Environmental Conservation Department of the University of Massachusetts Amherst [14] FX We thank C. Riley for sample collection from the Michigan study site. We thank M. O'Donnell and T. Dubreuil for help with sample collection from the Massachusetts study site. Genotypic data were collected by M. Page, S. Jane, and M. Burak. H. Neville, E. Taylor, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on a draft of this manuscript. This work was funded through a grant from the USDA Forest Service San Dimas Technology and Development Center (USFS 10-JV-11242307-098). A.W. received additional support from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Environmental Conservation Department of the University of Massachusetts Amherst, under project number MAS#14. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 23 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 71 IS 11 BP 1667 EP 1679 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0137 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AT0CN UT WOS:000344604800007 ER PT J AU Mahabir, S Baer, DJ Pfeiffer, RM Li, Y Watkins, BA Taylor, PR AF Mahabir, S. Baer, D. J. Pfeiffer, R. M. Li, Y. Watkins, B. A. Taylor, P. R. TI Low to moderate alcohol consumption on serum vitamin D and other indicators of bone health in postmenopausal women in a controlled feeding study SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID OBESITY AB The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of no alcohol, low (1 drink or 15 g/day) and moderate (2 drinks or 30 g/day) alcohol consumption on markers of bone health: fasting serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and helical peptide (HP) in postmenopausal women (n=51). Compared with no alcohol, 1 or 2 drinks/day for 8 weeks had no significant impact on any of the bone markers. Within each alcohol group, obese women had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D and higher DPD concentrations than normal weight women. Season significantly affected the concentrations of serum 25(OH)D, but there was oo significant interaction between alcohol and season on serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Low or moderate alcohol consumption for 8 weeks had no significant impact on markers of bone health in postmenopausal women. C1 [Mahabir, S.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Modifiable Risk Factors Branch, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mahabir, S.; Taylor, P. R.] NCI, DCEG, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Baer, D. J.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pfeiffer, R. M.] NCI, DCEG, Biostat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Li, Y.; Watkins, B. A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nutr Sci, Storrs, CT USA. RP Mahabir, S (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Modifiable Risk Factors Branch, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, 9609 Med Ctr Dr,Room 4E548, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM mahabir@mail.nih.gov FU NIH; National Cancer Institute Interagency [Y1-5C-8012]; Intramural Research Program FX This study was supported by NIH and the National Cancer Institute Interagency agreement Y1-5C-8012 and the Intramural Research Program. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 EI 1476-5640 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 68 IS 11 BP 1267 EP 1270 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2014.191 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AT1UQ UT WOS:000344719700020 PM 25226824 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL McMunn, KA Cheng, HW Marchant-Forde, JN Lay, DC AF Dennis, R. L. McMunn, K. A. Cheng, H. W. Marchant-Forde, J. N. Lay, D. C., Jr. TI Serotonin's role in piglet mortality and thriftiness SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE behavior; mortality; neonatal; pig; piglet; serotonin; tryptophan ID INFANT-DEATH-SYNDROME; RAT-BRAIN; SEROTONERGIC NEURONS; GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT; 5-HT2 RECEPTORS; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR; FETAL; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE; GLYCOGENOLYSIS AB Improving piglet survivability rates is of high priority for swine production as well as for piglet well-being. Dysfunction in the serotonin (5-HT) system has been associated with growth deficiencies, infant mortalities, or failure to thrive in human infants. The aim of this research was to determine if a relationship exists between infant mortality and failure to thrive (or unthriftiness), and umbilical 5-HT concentration in piglets. Umbilical blood was collected from a total of 60 piglets from 15 litters for analysis of 5-HT and tryptophan (Trp; the AA precursor to 5-HT) concentrations. Behavior was scan sampled for the first 2 days after birth. Brain samples were also taken at 8 h after birth from healthy and unthrifty piglets (n = 4/group). The raphe nucleus was dissected out and analyzed for 5-HT and dopamine concentrations as well as their major metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA), respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Piglets that died within 48 h of birth (n = 14) had significantly lower umbilical blood 5-HT concentrations at the time of their birth compared to their healthy counterparts (n = 46, P = 0.003). However, no difference in Trp was detected (P 0.38). Time spent under the heat lamp and sleeping were positively correlated with umbilical 5-HT levels (P = 0.004 and P = 0.02, respectively), while inactivity had a negative correlation with 5-HT levels (P = 0.04). In the raphe nucleus, the center for brain 5-HT biosynthesis, unthrifty piglets had a greater concentration of 5-HIAA (P = 0.02) and a trend for higher concentrations of 5-HT (P = 0.07) compared with healthy piglets. Dopamine levels did not differ between thrifty and unthrifty piglets (P = 0.45); however, its metabolite HVA tended to be greater in unthrifty piglets (P = 0.05). Our results show evidence of serotonergic dysfunction, at both the central and peripheral levels, accompanying early piglet mortalities. These data suggest a possible route for intervention, via the 5-HT system, to improve piglet survivability. However, further research is required to validate this hypothesis. C1 [Dennis, R. L.; McMunn, K. A.; Cheng, H. W.; Marchant-Forde, J. N.; Lay, D. C., Jr.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Dennis, RL (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM rldennis@umd.edu OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 92 IS 11 BP 4888 EP 4896 DI 10.2527/jas2014-7835 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AT0JM UT WOS:000344622600009 PM 25349339 ER PT J AU Oliver, WT Wells, JE Maxwell, CV AF Oliver, W. T. Wells, J. E. Maxwell, C. V. TI Lysozyme as an alternative to antibiotics improves performance in nursery pigs during an indirect immune challenge SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antibiotics; immune; lysozyme; nursery; swine ID SMALL-INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM ACTIVATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; 10-DAY-OLD PIGS; LYSINE NEEDS; PROTEIN; DIRTY; SWINE; ACID AB Lysozyme is a 1,4-beta-N-acetylmuramidase that has antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of lysozyme and antibiotics on growth performance and immune response during an indirect immune challenge. Two replicates of 600 pigs each were weaned from the sow at 26 d of age, blocked by litter and sex, and then randomly assigned to 1 of 24 pens in either a nursery room that had been fully disinfected or a nursery room left unclean since the previous group of pigs. Within a room, pigs were randomly assigned to either control diets (2 phase nursery regime), control diets + antibiotics (chlortetracycline/tiamulin hydrogen fumarate), or control diets + lysozyme (100 mg/kg diet). Pig weights and feed disappearance were measured and blood was collected on d 0, 14, and 28 of treatment. A group of 20 pigs were killed at 24 d of age for initial body composition analysis and 10 pigs of median weight were killed per diet room combination for body composition analysis after 28 d of treatment. Control + antibiotics and control + lysozyme-fed pigs grew at a faster rate for the 28-d study compared to control pigs (318 +/- 14,320 +/- 15 vs. 288 +/- 15 g/d, respectively; P < 0.05), regardless of nursery environment (P > 0.05). The indirect immune challenge did not alter growth performance from d 0 to 14 of treatment but decreased ADG from d 14 to 28 of the study (415 +/- 15 vs. 445 +/- 13 g/d; P < 0.05). Feed intake was not altered by the nursery environment (P > 0.61) or dietary treatments (P > 0.10), but feed efficiency was worsened by the indirect immune challenge (P < 0.05) and improved by both control + antibiotics and control + lysozyme diets (P < 0.01). The immune challenge did not alter nutrient accretion (P > 0.25), but both control + antibiotics and control + lysozyme pigs had decreased accretion of whole-body lipid (P < 0.01) and increased accretion of protein (P < 0.09). Blood levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; P < 0.01), haptoglobin (P < 0.09), and C-reactive protein (CRP; P < 0.01) were higher due to the indirect immune challenge compared to pigs reared in the clean nursery (P < 0.05). In addition, pigs consuming antibiotics or lysozyme had lower TNF-alpha, haptoglobin, and CRP compared to control pigs, regardless of nursery environment (P < 0.04). Thus, lysozyme is a suitable alternative to antibiotics in swine nursery diets, and lysozyme ameliorates the effects of a chronic indirect immune challenge. C1 [Oliver, W. T.; Wells, J. E.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Maxwell, C. V.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Oliver, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM William.Oliver@ars.usda.gov FU National Pork Board FX Funding was provided by The National Pork Board. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 32 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 92 IS 11 BP 4927 EP 4934 DI 10.2527/jas2014-8033 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AT0JM UT WOS:000344622600013 PM 25253813 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP AF Dubey, J. P. TI Life Cycle of Cystoisospora felis (Coccidia: Apicomplexa) in Cats and Mice SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Definitive host; oocyst; tissue cyst; transport host ID EXTRA-INTESTINAL STAGES; ISOSPORA-FELIS; TOXOPLASMA; OOCYSTS; RIVOLTA; INFECTION; WENYON AB Cystoisospora felis is a ubiquitous apicomplexan protozoon of cats. The endogenous development of C. felis was studied in cats after feeding them infected mice. For this, five newborn cats were killed at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120h after having been fed mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens of mice that were inoculated with C. felis sporulated sporocysts. Asexual and sexual development occurred in enterocytes throughout the villi of the small intestine. The number of asexual generations was not determined with certainty, but there were different sized merozoites. At 24h, merogony was seen only in the duodenum and the jejunum. Beginning at 48h, the entire small intestine was parasitized. At 24h, meronts contained 1-4 zoites, and at 48h up to 12 zoites. Beginning with 72h, the ileum was more heavily parasitized than the jejunum. At 96 and 120h, meronts contained many zoites in various stages of development; some divided by endodyogeny. The multiplication was asynchronous, thus both immature multinucleated meronts and mature merozoites were seen in the same parasitophorous vacuole. Gametogony occurred between 96 and 120h, and oocysts were present at 120h. For the study of the development of C. felis in murine tissues, mice were killed from day 1 to 720 d after having been fed 10(5) sporocysts, and their tissues were examined for the parasites microscopically, and by bioassay in cats. The following conclusions were drawn. (1) Cystoisospora felis most frequently invaded the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice and remained there for at least 23mo. (2) It also invaded the spleen, liver, brain, lung, and skeletal muscle of mice, but division was not seen based on microscopical examination. (3) This species could not be passed from mouse to mouse. C1 [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, BARC, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5234 EI 1550-7408 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 61 IS 6 BP 637 EP 643 DI 10.1111/jeu.12145 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AT0SQ UT WOS:000344645600009 PM 25041145 ER PT J AU Prodduk, V Annous, BA Liu, LS Yam, KL AF Prodduk, Vara Annous, Bassam A. Liu, Linshu Yam, Kit L. TI Evaluation of Chlorine Dioxide Gas Treatment To Inactivate Salmonella enterica on Mungbean Sprouts SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ALFALFA SEEDS; BEAN SPROUTS; EFFICACY; SAFETY; DISINFECTION; BROCCOLI; PRODUCE AB Although freshly sprouted beans and grains are considered to be a source of nutrients, they have been associated with foodbome outbreaks. Sprouts provide good matrices for microbial localization and growth due to optimal conditions of temperature and humidity while sprouting. Also, the lack of a kill step postsprouting is a major safety concern. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide gas treatment to reduce Salmonella on artificially inoculated mungbean sprouts. The effectiveness of gaseous chlorine dioxide (0.5 mg/liter of air) with or without tumbling (mechanical mixing) was compared with an aqueous chlorine (200 ppm) wash treatment. Tumbling the inoculated sprouts during the chlorine dioxide gas application for 15, 30, and 60 min reduced Salmonella populations by 3.0, 4.0, and 5.5 log CFU/g, respectively, as compared with 3.0, 3.0, and 4.0 log CFU/g reductions obtained without tumbling, respectively. A 2.0 log CFU/g reduction in Salmonella was achieved with an aqueous chlorine wash. The difference in microbial reduction between chlorine dioxide gas versus aqueous chlorine wash points to the important role of surface topography, pore structure, bacterial attachment, and/or biofilm formation on sprouts. These data suggested that chlorine dioxide gas was capable of penetrating and inactivating cells that are attached to inaccessible sites and/or are within biofilms on the sprout surface as compared with an aqueous chlorine wash. Consequently, scanning electron microscopy imaging indicated that chlorine dioxide gas treatment was capable of penetrating and inactivating cells attached to inaccessible sites and within biofilms on the sprout surfaces. C1 [Prodduk, Vara; Yam, Kit L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Annous, Bassam A.] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Liu, Linshu] ARS, Dahy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Annous, BA (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 24 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 77 IS 11 BP 1876 EP 1881 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-407 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AT1TS UT WOS:000344717400005 PM 25364920 ER PT J AU Simmons, C Stasiewicz, MJ Wright, E Warchocki, S Roof, S Kause, JR Bauer, N Ibrahim, S Wiedmann, M Oliver, HF AF Simmons, Courtenay Stasiewicz, Matthew J. Wright, Emily Warchocki, Steven Roof, Sherry Kause, Janell R. Bauer, Nathan Ibrahim, Salam Wiedmann, Martin Oliver, Haley F. TI Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. Contamination Patterns in Retail Delicatessen Establishments in Three US States SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; URBAN; FOODS; PERSISTENCE; PREVALENCE; STRAINS AB Postprocessing contamination in processing plants has historically been a significant source of Listeria monocyto genes in ready-to-eat delicatessen meats, and therefore a major cause of human listeriosis cases and outbreaks. Recent risk assessments suggest that a majority of human listeriosis cases linked to consumption of contaminated deli meats may be due to L. monocyto genes contamination that occurs at the retail level. To better understand the ecology and transmission of Listeria spp. in retail delicatessens, food and nonfood contact surfaces were tested for L. monocyto genes and other Listeria spp. in a longitudinal study conducted in 30 retail delis in three U.S. states. In phase I of the study, seven sponge samples were collected monthly for 3 months in 15 delis (5 delis per state) prior to start of daily operation; in phase II, 28 food contact and nonfood contact sites were sampled in each of 30 delis during daily operation for 6 months. Among the 314 samples collected during phase I, 6.8% were positive for L. monocytogenes. Among 4,503 samples collected during phase II, 9.5% were positive for L. monocytogenes; 9 of 30 delis showed low L. monocytogenes prevalence (<1%) for all surfaces. A total of 245 Listeria spp. isolates, including 184 Listeria innocua, 48 Listeria seeligeri, and 13 Listeria welshimeri were characterized. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to characterize 446 L. monocytogenes isolates. PFGE showed that for 12 of 30 delis, one or more PFGE types were isolated on at least three separate occasions, providing evidence for persistence of a given L. monocyto genes subtype in the delis. For some delis, PFGE patterns for isolates from nonfood contact surfaces were distinct from patterns for occasional food contact surface isolates, suggesting limited cross-contamination between these sites in some delis. This study provides longitudinal data on L. monocytogenes contamination patterns in retail delis, which should facilitate further development of control strategies in retail delis. C1 [Simmons, Courtenay; Stasiewicz, Matthew J.; Wright, Emily; Warchocki, Steven; Roof, Sherry; Wiedmann, Martin] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Kause, Janell R.; Bauer, Nathan] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Ibrahim, Salam] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Human Environm & Family Sci, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Oliver, Haley F.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Oliver, HF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, 745 Agr Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM hfoliver@purdue.edu RI Wiedmann, Martin/A-9683-2008 OI Wiedmann, Martin/0000-0002-4168-5662 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service [289918] FX This work was funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, contract 289918, awarded to M. Wiedmann. We thank the retail food companies and their food safety experts that participated in this study. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 19 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 77 IS 11 BP 1929 EP 1939 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-183 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AT1TS UT WOS:000344717400012 PM 25364927 ER PT J AU Anderson, RC Harvey, RB Wickersham, TA MacDonald, JC Ponce, CH Brown, M Pinchak, WE Osterstock, JB Krueger, NA Nisbet, DJ AF Anderson, Robin C. Harvey, Roger B. Wickersham, Tryon A. MacDonald, Jim C. Ponce, Christian H. Brown, Mike Pinchak, William E. Osterstock, Jason B. Krueger, Nathan A. Nisbet, David J. TI Effect of Distillers Feedstuffs and Lasalocid on Campylobacter Carriage in Feedlot Cattle SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID JEJUNI; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; CALVES; COLI AB Campylobacter bacteria are foodborne pathogens that can colonize the gut of food animals. Limited in their ability to ferment sugars, Campylobacter can derive energy for growth via amino acid catabolism. The objectives of the present studies were to test whether supplemental distillers grains containing, high amounts of rumen-undegradable intake protein or supplemental lasalocid may, by promoting amino acid flow to the lower bovine gut, increase intestinal carriage of Campylobacter. In study one, 10 steers (5 per treatment) were adapted to diets formulated to achieve 0 or 30% dried distillers grains After an initial 14-day adaptation to the basal diet, control and treated steers were fed their respective diets for 23 days, after which time they were fed supplemental lasalocid for an additional 8 days, followed by a 5-day withdrawal. In study two, 24 steers preacclimated to a basal diet were adapted via 3-day periodic increases to dietary treatments formulated to achieve 0, 30, or 60% wet corn distillers grains with solubles. Analysis of Campylobacter bacteria cultured from duodenal and fecal samples in study one and from fecal samples in study two revealed no effect of dried distillers grains or wet corn distillers grains with solubles on the prevalence or concentrations of duodenal or fecal Campylobacter. The results from study one indicated that colonized steers, regardless of treatment, harbored higher Campylobacter concentrations when transitioned to the basal diet than when coming off pasture. Campylobacter carriage was unaffected by lasalocid. These results provide no evidence that feeding distillers grains high in rumen-undegradable intake protein or supplemental lasalocid contributes to increased intestinal carriage of Campylobacter in fed cattle. C1 [Anderson, Robin C.; Harvey, Roger B.; Krueger, Nathan A.; Nisbet, David J.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Wickersham, Tryon A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [MacDonald, Jim C.; Ponce, Christian H.; Brown, Mike] West Texas A&M Univ, Feedlot Res Grp, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [MacDonald, Jim C.; Brown, Mike; Osterstock, Jason B.] Texas AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Pinchak, William E.; Osterstock, Jason B.] Texas AgriLife Res, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. RP Anderson, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM robin.anderson@ars.usda.gov FU Beef Checkoff FX Funded in part by the Beef Checkoff. The expert technical assistance of Jackie Kotzur is greatly appreciated. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 77 IS 11 BP 1968 EP 1975 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-169 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AT1TS UT WOS:000344717400017 PM 25364932 ER PT J AU Wang, R Kalchayanand, N King, DA Luedtke, BE Bosilevac, JM Arthur, TM AF Wang, Rong Kalchayanand, Norasak King, David A. Luedtke, Brandon E. Bosilevac, Joseph M. Arthur, Terrance M. TI Biofilm Formation and Sanitizer Resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Isolated from "High Event Period" Meat Contamination SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID BEEF-PROCESSING PLANT; QUATERNARY AMMONIUM-COMPOUNDS; AEROBIC-BACTERIA; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; PREVALENCE; O157-H7; CARCASSES; CATTLE; HIDES; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE AB In the meat industry, a "high event period" (HEP) is defined as a time period during which commercial meat plants experience a higher than usual rate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination. Genetic analysis indicated that within a REP, most of the E. coli O157:117 strains belong to a singular dominant strain type. This was in disagreement with the current beef contamination model stating that contamination occurs when incoming pathogen load on animal hides, which consists of diverse strain types of E. coli O157:117, exceeds the intervention capacity. Thus, we hypothesize that the IMP contamination may be due to certain in-plant colonized E. coli O157:H7 strains that are better able to survive sanitization through biofilm formation. To test our hypothesis, a collection of 45 E. coli O157:H7 strains isolated from HEP beef contamination incidents and a panel of 47 E. coli O157:H7 strains of diverse genetic backgrounds were compared for biofilm formation and sanitizer resistance. Biofilm formation was tested on 96-well polystyrene plates for 1 to 6 days. Biofilm cell survival and recovery growth after sanitization were compared between the two strain collections using common sanitizers, including quaternary ammonium chloride, chlorine, and sodium chlorite. No difference in "early stage" biofilms was observed between the two strain collections after incubation at 22 to 25 degrees C for 1 or 2 days. However, the REP strains demonstrated significantly higher potency of "mature" biofilm formation after incubation for 4 to 6 days. Biofilms of the REP strains also exhibited significantly stronger resistance to sanitization. These data suggest that biofilm formation and sanitization resistance could have a role in REP beef contamination by E. coli O157:H7, which highlights the importance of proper and complete sanitization of food contact surfaces and food processing equipment in commercial meat plants. C1 [Wang, Rong; Kalchayanand, Norasak; King, David A.; Luedtke, Brandon E.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Arthur, Terrance M.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wang, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM rong.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 77 IS 11 BP 1982 EP 1987 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-253 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AT1TS UT WOS:000344717400019 PM 25364934 ER PT J AU Arsi, K Donoghue, AM Venkitanarayanan, K Kollanoor-Johny, A Fanatico, AC Blore, PJ Donoghue, DJ AF Arsi, K. Donoghue, A. M. Venkitanarayanan, K. Kollanoor-Johny, A. Fanatico, A. C. Blore, P. J. Donoghue, D. J. TI THE EFFICACY OF THE NATURAL PLANT EXTRACTS, THYMOL AND CARVACROL AGAINST CAMPYLOBACTER COLONIZATION IN BROILER CHICKENS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY LA English DT Article ID OREGANO ESSENTIAL OIL; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; IN-VITRO; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; JEJUNI COLONIZATION; FEED; PERFORMANCE; INFECTION; WATER AB Campylobacter is a leading worldwide cause of foodborne illness associated with consumption of poultry products. Unfortunately, most preharvest treatments fail to reduce this enteric foodborne pathogen in poultry. The efficacy of natural plant extracts, such as thymol and carvacrol, has efficacy against other enteric pathogens but has not been evaluated against Campylobacter. To accomplish this, day old broiler chicks (n=10 chicks/dose) were fed 0% (controls) or thymol or carvacrol or combinations of these compounds in feed in four different trials. Birds were orally challenged with Campylobacter jejuni at day 3 and at day 10, cecal samples were collected for Campylobacter enumeration. Campylobacter counts were reduced for 0.25% thymol (trial 1), 1% carvacrol or 2% thymol (trial 2) treatments, or a combination of both thymol and carvacrol at 0.5% (trial 3) in this study (P<0.05). These results support supplementation of these compounds in feed to reduce Campylobacter colonization in chickens. Practical ApplicationsCampylobacter is one of the major causes of foodborne enteritis worldwide, and the majority of human campylobacteriosis cases were reported to be associated with improper handling and/or consumption of undercooked poultry . Because poultry are the major contributors for human infections, eliminating or reducing Campylobacter in poultry would greatly reduce the risk of campylobacteriosis in humans. Many strategies have been tried to eliminate Campylobacter with limited success. Considering the increasing consumer demand for natural, safer food products, free from synthetic residues, use of natural compounds with proven antimicrobial efficacy appears to be a promising strategy to control Campylobacter in poultry. In the present study we evaluated the in vivo efficacy of different concentrations and combinations of two natural compounds, thymol and carvacrol, against Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens. C1 [Arsi, K.; Blore, P. J.; Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Venkitanarayanan, K.; Kollanoor-Johny, A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT USA. [Fanatico, A. C.] Appalachian State Univ, Boone, NC 28608 USA. RP Donoghue, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM ddonogh@uark.edu RI Kollanoor Johny, Anup/J-3771-2015; arsi, komala/G-8871-2016 OI arsi, komala/0000-0002-4282-4273 FU CSREES National Integrated Food Safety Program [2006-02429]; USDA-NIFAOREI [2011-01955] FX This research was funded in part by CSREES National Integrated Food Safety Program 2006-02429 and USDA-NIFAOREI 2011-01955 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0149-6085 EI 1745-4565 J9 J FOOD SAFETY JI J. Food Saf. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 34 IS 4 BP 321 EP 325 DI 10.1111/jfs.12129 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AT3YD UT WOS:000344870600007 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Winkler-Moser, JK Vermillion, K Liu, SX AF Hwang, Hong-Sik Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Vermillion, Karl Liu, Sean X. TI Enhancing Antioxidant Activity of Sesamol at Frying Temperature by Addition of Additives through Reducing Volatility SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antioxidant; frying; oxidation; sesamol; soybean oil ID FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGERS; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; ACID ESTERS; OIL; LIGNANS; CELLS AB Additives were evaluated to investigate their effects on volatility of sesamol at frying temperature with the hypothesis that the interaction between an additive and sesamol would reduce sesamol volatility. Twenty-two additive : sesamol combinations were examined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under nitrogen in neat form and in soybean oil. The results indicate that these additives could bind to or interact with sesamol and consequently reduced its volatility. H-1 NMR study provided evidence for hydrogen bonding between sesamol and a hydroxyl group, an amino group, and ether groups. Subsequent heating tests were conducted to investigate the effect of the reduced volatility of sesamol on antioxidant activity in soybean oil at 180 degrees C. Oxidation of soybean oil was monitored with gel permeation chromatography for formation of polymerized triacylglycerols and with H-1 NMR for loss of olefinic and bisallylic protons. Sesamol retained in soybean oil during the heating process was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. A strong correlation between the retained sesamol and the antioxidant activity was observed. The mixture of 830 ppm sesamol and mono-/diglycerides, polysorbate 20 or l-carnosine showed much improved antioxidant activity compared to sesamol itself and slightly better antioxidant activity than 200 ppm tert-butylhydroquinone. It is believed that this method can also be used for many other antioxidants for which volatility is a problem. Practical Application Several food additives tested in this study could reduce the volatility of sesamol and consequently improve its antioxidant activity at frying temperature. The mixture of sesamol and an additive may replace synthetic antioxidants for frying. The improved antioxidant activity would also facilitate utilization of vegetable oils with a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as soybean oil as frying oil. This new method can also be applied to other antioxidant systems to alleviate the volatility problem. C1 [Hwang, Hong-Sik; Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Vermillion, Karl; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hwang, HS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Hongsik.hwang@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 79 IS 11 BP C2164 EP C2173 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12653 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AT2XB UT WOS:000344796500005 PM 25316004 ER PT J AU Wu, GY Morris, CF Murphy, KM AF Wu, Geyang Morris, Craig F. Murphy, Kevin M. TI Evaluation of Texture Differences among Varieties of Cooked Quinoa SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cooked quinoa; DSC; RVA; texture profile analysis (TPA); variety ID WHITE SALTED NOODLES; WAXY RICE STARCH; CHENOPODIUM-QUINOA; PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; COOKING PROPERTIES; PASTING PROPERTIES; MILLING FRACTIONS; AMYLOSE CONTENT; FINE-STRUCTURE AB Texture differences of cooked quinoa were studied among 13 different varieties. Correlations between the texture parameters and seed composition, seed characteristics, cooking quality, flour pasting properties, and flour thermal properties were determined. The results showed that texture of cooked quinoa was significantly differed among varieties. Black,' Cahuil,' and Red Commercial' yielded harder texture, while 49ALC,' 1ESP,' and Col.#6197' showed softer texture. 49ALC,' 1ESP,' Col.#6197,' and QQ63' were more adhesive, while other varieties were not sticky. The texture profile correlated to physical--chemical properties in different ways. Protein content was positively correlated with all the texture profile analysis (TPA) parameters. Seed hardness was positively correlated with TPA hardness, gumminess, and chewiness at P 0.09. Seed density was negatively correlated with TPA hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness, whereas seed coat proportion was positively correlated with these TPA parameters. Increased cooking time of quinoa was correlated with increased hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness. The water uptake ratio was inversely related to TPA hardness, gumminess, and chewiness. Rapid Visco Analyzer peak viscosity was negatively correlated with the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness (P < 0.07); breakdown was also negatively correlated with those TPA parameters (P < 0.09); final viscosity and setback were negatively correlated with the hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness (P < 0.05); setback was correlated with the adhesiveness as well (r = -0.63, P = 0.02). Onset gelatinization temperature (T-o) was significantly positively correlated with all the texture profile parameters, and peak temperature (T-p) was moderately correlated with cohesiveness, whereas neither conclusion temperature (T-c) nor enthalpy correlated with the texture of cooked quinoa. Practical Application The research described in this paper indicates that the texture of different quinoa varieties varies significantly. The results can be used by quinoa breeders and food processors. C1 [Wu, Geyang] Washington State Univ, Sch Food Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Murphy, Kevin M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, E-202 Food Qual Bldg, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu FU USDA Organic Research and Extension Initiative [NIFA: GRANT11083982] FX This project was supported by funding from the USDA Organic Research and Extension Initiative, project number NIFA: GRANT11083982. The authors acknowledge Stacey Sykes and Alecia Kiszonas for editing support. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 79 IS 11 BP S2337 EP S2345 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12672 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AT2XB UT WOS:000344796500026 PM 25308337 ER PT J AU Blaker, EA Strange, JP James, RR Monroy, FP Cobb, NS AF Blaker, Elizabeth A. Strange, James P. James, Rosalind R. Monroy, Fernando P. Cobb, Neil S. TI PCR reveals high prevalence of non/low sporulating Nosema bombi (microsporidia) infections in bumble bees (Bombus) in Northern Arizona SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nosema; Bombus; PCR; Arizona ID APIS-MELLIFERA; PARASITE PREVALENCE; WILD BUMBLEBEES; SPECIAL FOCUS; TERRESTRIS; TRANSMISSION; HYMENOPTERA; COLONIES; DECLINE; APIDAE AB About 20% of bumble bee species are in decline in North America, and the microsporidian pathogen, Nosema bombi, has been correlated with these declines. We conducted a comprehensive survey of N. bombi infections in the bumble bee communities throughout the flight season along an elevation gradient in Northern Arizona. Focusing on two species, Bombus (Pyrobombus) huntii and Bombus (Pyrobombus) centralis, we used a combination of PCR and microscopy to distinguish between sporulating and non/low, sporulating N. bombi infections. Surprisingly high levels of PCR-positive infections with no detectable spore loads were found in B. huntii (31-63%) and B. centralis (56.5-66.5%), while the prevalence of sporulating infections was low (3.0-11.8% and 0-12.9% respectively). We determined the prevalence of sporulating N. bombi infection in six other co-occurring, but rarer, bumble bee species (0-62.5%,), but did not test them using PCR. The prevalence of sporulating N. bombi infections in B. (Bombias) nevadensis was significantly higher than in either B. huntii or B. centralis (29%). The declining bumble bee, Bombus sensu strico occidentalis, had the highest prevalence of sporulating N. bombi infections (62.5%), but we purposely captured very few B. occidentalis because of its declining status. PCR was a more sensitive measure of N. bombi prevalence and revealed that wild bumble bees have a much higher prevalence of N. bombi than has previously been recognized. Microscopy and PCR together provide complementary, not redundant, information that deepens our understanding of the dynamic interactions between N. bombi and their bumble bee hosts. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Blaker, Elizabeth A.; Monroy, Fernando P.; Cobb, Neil S.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Strange, James P.; James, Rosalind R.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Biol, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84333 USA. RP Blaker, EA (reprint author), 6755 North Bader Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM Elizabeth.Blaker@nau.edu; James.Strange@ARS.USDA.GOV; Rosalindjames@ARS.USDA.GOV; Fernando.Monroy@nau.edu; Neil.Cobb@nau.edu FU Colorado Plateau Biodiversity Center at Northern Arizona University FX We thank the following individuals for their assistance in the field or the lab: Emma Benenati, Sherry Davis, Jacob Higgins, Andy Krohn, Dyer Lytle and Santana Yazzie. This research was partially funded by the Colorado Plateau Biodiversity Center at Northern Arizona University. We are grateful to Robert Paxton and Leellen Solter for their helpful comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 123 BP 25 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.09.001 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AT1XP UT WOS:000344724600005 PM 25219370 ER PT J AU Vishwanathan, R Kuchan, MJ Sen, S Johnson, EI AF Vishwanathan, Rohini Kuchan, Matthew J. Sen, Sarbattaina Johnson, Elizabeth I. TI Lutein and Preterm Infants With Decreased Concentrations of Brain Carotenoids SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE brain; carotenoids; cognition; lutein; neural development; preterm infants ID PIGMENT OPTICAL-DENSITY; MACULAR PIGMENT; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; BREAST-MILK; ZEAXANTHIN; PLASMA; DIETARY; OLDER; AGE AB Objectives: Lutein and zeaxanthin are dietary carotenoids that may influence visual and cognitive development. The objective of this study was to Provide the first data on distribution of carotenoids in the infant brain and compare concentrations in preterm and term infants. Methods: Voluntarily donated brain tissues from 30 infants who died during the first 1.5 years of life were obtained from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Brain and Tissue Bank. Tissues (hippocampus and prefrontal, frontal, auditory, and occipital cortices) were extracted using standard lipid extraction procedures and analyzed using reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Results: Lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, and beta-carotene were the major carotenoids found in the infant brain tissues. Lutein was the predominant carotenoid accounting for 59% of total carotenoids. Preterm infants (n = 8) had significantly lower concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, and cryptoxanthin in their brain compared with term infants (n = 22) despite similarity in postmenstrual age. Among formula-fed infants, preterm infants (n = 3) had lower concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin compared with term infants (n = 5). Brain lutein concentrations were not different between breast milk fed (n = 3) and formula-fed (n = 5) term decedents. In contrast, term decedents with measurable brain cryptoxanthin, a carotenoid that is inherently low in formula, had higher brain lutein, suggesting that the type of feeding is an important determinant of brain lutein concentrations. Conclusions: These data reveal preferential accumulation and maintenance of lutein in the infant brain despite underrepresentation in the typical infant diet. Further investigation on the impact of lutein on neural development in preterm infants is warranted. C1 [Vishwanathan, Rohini; Johnson, Elizabeth I.] Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kuchan, Matthew J.] Abbott Nutr, Columbus, OH USA. [Sen, Sarbattaina] Tufts Univ, Div Newborn Med, Dept Pediat, Mother Infant Res Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Vishwanathan, R (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM rohini.vishwanathan@tufts.edu FU Abbott Nutrition [USDA 58-1950-0-014] FX This study was funded by Abbott Nutrition (Grant No. USDA 58-1950-0-014). Human tissue was obtained from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Brain and Tissue Bank for Developmental Disorders at the University of Maryland, Baltimore. NR 36 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 EI 1536-4801 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 59 IS 5 BP 659 EP 665 DI 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000389 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA AS8PX UT WOS:000344511800022 PM 24691400 ER PT J AU Wang, RRC Lu, BR AF Wang, Richard R. C. Lu, Baorong TI Biosystematics and evolutionary relationships of perennial Triticeae species revealed by genomic analyses SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE diploid; forage; genome; genus; grass; polyploid; progenitor; speciation; Triticeae; wheat ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; TRNL-F SEQUENCES; ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE; NORTH-AMERICAN ELYMUS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; THINOPYRUM-INTERMEDIUM; TRIBE TRITICEAE; LEYMUS POACEAE; NUCLEAR RDNA AB Understanding the classification and biosystematics of species in Triticeae Dumort., an economically important tribe in the grass family (Poaceae), is not an easy task, particularly for some perennial species. Does genomic analysis facilitate the understanding of evolutionary relationships of these Triticeae species? We reviewed literature published after 1984 to address questions concerning: (1) genome relationships among the monogenomic diploid species; (2) progenitors of the unknown Y genome in Elymus polyploids, X genome in Thinopyrum intermedium, and Xm genome in Leymus; and (3) genome constitutions of some perennial Triticeae species that were unknown or misidentified. Amajority of publications have substantiated the close affinity of the E-b and E-e genomes in Th. bessarabicum and Th. elongatum, supporting the use of a common basic genome symbol. The E genome is close to the St genome of Pseudoroegneria and ABD genomes of Triticum/Aegilops complex, providing an explanation for transferring genes from the E to ABD genomes with relative ease. Although the solid proof is still lacking, theW, P, and especially Xp genomes are possible origins for the Y genome of polyploid Elymus. The absence of the E genome and the allopolyploidy nature of tetraploid Leymus species have been unequivocally confirmed by both cytogenetic and molecular studies. However, the donor of the Xm genomes of Leymus was only speculated to be related to the P genome of Agropyron and F genome of Eremopyrum. Intermediate wheatgrass (Th. intermedium) has been extensively studied. The presence of the St (as the previously designated X) genome in Th. intermedium is now unequivocal. Its two more closely related E-1 and E-2 genomes are shown to be older versions of the E genome rather than the current E-b and E-e genomes. Speciation of Th. intermedium was similar to that of Triticum aestivum, in which the J(s)/E-s (like B) genomes had the greatest differentiation from the current J (E-b) genome owning to repetitive sequences of the V genome, whereas its St (like D) had the least differentiation from the current St genome. Species with unknown or misidentified genomes have been correctly designated, including those with the ESt, StP, StPY, StWY, EStP, HW, StYHW, and NsXm genomes. Some of those species have been transferred to and renamed in appropriate genera. C1 [Wang, Richard R. C.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Lu, Baorong] Fudan Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Wang, RRC (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM richard.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 81 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 52 IS 6 SI SI BP 697 EP 705 DI 10.1111/jse.12084 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT2RO UT WOS:000344782700004 ER PT J AU Herrup, M Samuels, A Ferruggiaro, E White, A Biala, K AF Herrup, Mary Samuels, Amanda Ferruggiaro, Eileen White, Akua Biala, Karen TI Do You Know What's Cooking? Check Out the USDA Mixing Bowl SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Herrup, Mary; Samuels, Amanda] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Ferruggiaro, Eileen] Child Nutr Div, Food & Nutr Serv, Alexandria, VA USA. [White, Akua] USDA, Food & Nutr Serv, Food Distribut Div, Alexandria, VA USA. [Biala, Karen] USDA, Food & Nutr Serv, Supplemental Nutr Assistance Program, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Herrup, M (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 114 IS 11 BP 1710 EP 1711 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.008 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AS8CE UT WOS:000344477100002 PM 25439079 ER PT J AU Ness, SL Schares, G Peters-Kennedy, J Mittel, LD Dubey, JP Bowman, DD Mohammed, HO Divers, TJ AF Ness, SallyAnne L. Schares, Gereon Peters-Kennedy, Jeanine Mittel, Linda D. Dubey, Jitender P. Bowman, Dwight D. Mohammed, Hussni O. Divers, Thomas J. TI Serological diagnosis of Besnoitia bennetti infection in donkeys (Equus asinus) SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Besnoitia bennetti; besnoitiosis; bradyzoite; donkeys; fluorescent antibody test; immunoblot; serology; tachyzoites ID BOVINE BESNOITIOSIS; OUTBREAK; PROTOZOA; REDESCRIPTION; APICOMPLEXA; REINDEER; TARANDI; CATTLE AB Besnoitiosis is an emerging infectious disease of donkeys (Equus asinus) in the United States for which there are currently no serologic methods of diagnosis. A study was performed to evaluate physical examination findings and 3 serologic assays for the detection of Besnoitia bennetti infection in donkeys. A prospective study of 416 donkeys from 6 privately owned herds across 5 U.S. states (New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Oregon, and Washington) was performed. Donkeys were examined for clinical lesions suggestive of besnoitiosis and evaluated for antibodies against B. bennetti using a fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and 2 immunoblot assays specific for bradyzoite and tachyzoite antigens, respectively. Donkeys were confirmed to be infected with B. bennetti by histology (cases; n = 32) and were compared to those with no clinical signs of besnoitiosis (controls; n = 384). Identifying clinical lesions in 2 or more locations correctly identified infected donkeys 83% of the time. Donkeys with besnoitiosis had significantly higher FAT titers (P < 0.001) and numbers of bradyzoite (P < 0.001) and tachyzoite (P < 0.001) immunoblot bands than control donkeys. The sensitivity and specificity of the serologic assays for detecting besnoitiosis was 88% and 96% for FAT, 81% and 91% for bradyzoite immunoblot, and 91% and 92% for tachyzoite immunoblot, respectively. Fluorescent antibody and immunoblot assays are effective at identifying donkeys with besnoitiosis and provide a more efficient and less invasive diagnostic alternative to histology. C1 [Ness, SallyAnne L.; Divers, Thomas J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Peters-Kennedy, Jeanine] Cornell Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mittel, Linda D.; Mohammed, Hussni O.] Cornell Univ, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bowman, Dwight D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schares, Gereon] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, Greifswald, Isle Of Riems, Germany. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Ness, SL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, Box 52, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sally.ness@cornell.edu OI Schares, Gereon/0000-0002-3217-289X FU National Miniature Donkey Association FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported by a grant from National Miniature Donkey Association. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 26 IS 6 BP 778 EP 782 DI 10.1177/1040638714550180 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT0ZD UT WOS:000344661800008 PM 25227418 ER PT J AU Blume, GR Reis, JL Gardiner, CH Hoberg, EP Pilitt, PA Monteiro, RV de Sant'Ana, FJF AF Blume, Guilherme R. Reis Junior, Janildo L. Gardiner, Chris H. Hoberg, Eric P. Pilitt, Patricia A. Monteiro, Rafael Verissimo de Sant'Ana, Fabiano J. F. TI Spirocerca lupi granulomatous pneumonia in two free-ranging maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) from central Brazil SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Central-west Brazil; Chrysocyon brachyurus; pulmonary pathology; Spirocerca lupi; Spiruroidea; wolves ID DOG; INFECTION; PERFORATION; MIGRATION; PARASITES; SARCOMA AB The current report describes granulomatous pneumonia due to Spirocerca lupi in 2 free-ranging maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus). Both wolves had multiple, white, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, soft, encapsulated granulomas in the caudal lung lobes, which contained centrally placed parasites on cut sections. Microscopically, there was granulomatous inflammation with numerous intralesional sections of spirurid nematodes. Representative complete adult specimens of nematodes derived from these lesions were submitted for parasitological exam and identified as the spirurid S. lupi. To the authors' knowledge, there have been no published reports of S. lupi in maned wolves. C1 [Blume, Guilherme R.; Reis Junior, Janildo L.; de Sant'Ana, Fabiano J. F.] Univ Brasilia, Lab Vet Pathol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Monteiro, Rafael Verissimo] Univ Brasilia, Lab Res Wildlife Anim, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Gardiner, Chris H.] Joint Pathol Ctr, Vet Pathol Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.; Pilitt, Patricia A.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP de Sant'Ana, FJF (reprint author), Univ Brasilia UnB, Lab Vet Pathol, L4 Norte, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM santanafjf@yahoo.com NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 26 IS 6 BP 815 EP 817 DI 10.1177/1040638714554442 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT0ZD UT WOS:000344661800015 PM 25319031 ER PT J AU Douglas, G Yauk, CL Van Benthem, J Aardema, MJ Bishop, JB Dearfield, KL DeMarini, DM Dubrova, Y Honma, M Lupski, JR Marchetti, F Meistrich, M Pacchierotti, F Stewart, J Waters, MD AF Douglas, George Yauk, Carole L. Van Benthem, Jan Aardema, Marilyn J. Bishop, Jack B. Dearfield, Kerry L. DeMarini, David M. Dubrova, Yuri Honma, Masamitsu Lupski, James R. Marchetti, Francesco Meistrich, Marvin Pacchierotti, Francesca Stewart, Jane Waters, Michael D. TI Approaches for Identifying Germ Cell Mutagens: Report of the 2013 IWGT Workshop on Germ Cell Assays SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Van Benthem, Jan] RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Aardema, Marilyn J.] BioReliance, Rockville, MD USA. [Dearfield, Kerry L.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [DeMarini, David M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Dubrova, Yuri] Univ Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Honma, Masamitsu] NIHS, Tokyo, Japan. [Lupski, James R.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marchetti, Francesco] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Pacchierotti, Francesca] ENEA, Rome, Italy. [Stewart, Jane] AstraZenica, London, England. [Waters, Michael D.] Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 EI 1464-3804 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD NOV PY 2014 VL 29 IS 6 BP 551 EP 551 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA AT0KI UT WOS:000344624700179 ER PT J AU Sheehan, JJ Adler, PR Del Grosso, SJ Easter, M Parton, W Paustian, K Williams, S AF Sheehan, John J. Adler, Paul R. Del Grosso, Stephen J. Easter, Mark Parton, William Paustian, Keith Williams, Stephen TI CO2 emissions from crop residue-derived biofuels SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Letter ID SOIL CARBON; BIOENERGY; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS C1 [Sheehan, John J.; Paustian, Keith] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Adler, Paul R.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Del Grosso, Stephen J.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Easter, Mark; Parton, William; Paustian, Keith; Williams, Stephen] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resources Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Sheehan, JJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM john.sheehan@colostate.edu RI Paustian, Keith/L-7593-2016 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 4 IS 11 BP 932 EP 933 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AT0AD UT WOS:000344598400003 ER PT J AU Liu, SQ AF Liu, Siqing TI Proteomic analyses of ethanol tolerance in Lactobacillus buchneri NRRL B-30929 SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE 2DE; Ethanol tolerance; Lactobacillus buchneri; Microbiology ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB The Lactobacillus buchneri NRRL B-30929 strain, isolated from a fuel ethanol (EtOH) production facility, exhibits high tolerance to environmental EtOH concentrations. This study aimed to identify proteins produced by B-30929 in response to environmental EtOH. Cellular proteins expressed by B-30929 growing inmedia with 10 versus 0% EtOH were compared by 2DE, followed by in-gel digestion and MALDI-MS analyses. Twenty EtOH responsive proteins were identified. These include a proline-specific peptidase (Lbuc_1852); a membrane protein (Lbuc_0921), two general stress-related proteins including a 10 kDa chaperonin (GroESL Lbuc_1359) and a 29 kDa member of the HK 97 family (Lbuc_1523); metabolic enzymes involving redox potential balances (Lbuc_2051 and Lbuc_0522) and carbohydrate fermentation (Lbuc_1319 and Lbuc_2157); nitrogen, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism proteins (Lbuc_1994, Lbuc_0446, Lbuc_0858, Lbuc_0707, and Lbuc_0787). These changes suggested B-30929 cells respond to EtOH by degradation of available proteins and fatty acids and increased production of specific enzymes and molecular chaperons. These results can be used to guide genetic modifications to increase EtOH tolerance in industrial biocatalysts. The data have been deposited to World-2DPAGE (http://world-2dpage.expasy.org/repository/0068/; username liu, password 1h8d6Mg1). C1 ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, SQ (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM siqing.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 EI 1615-9861 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD NOV PY 2014 VL 14 IS 21-22 BP 2540 EP 2544 DI 10.1002/pmic.201300538 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AT3AR UT WOS:000344807600018 PM 25143305 ER PT J AU Olsen, SC Palmer, MV AF Olsen, S. C. Palmer, M. V. TI Advancement of Knowledge of Brucella Over the Past 50 Years SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Brucella; pathogenesis; zoonosis; reservoir hosts; laboratory models ID PHOCA-VITULINA-RICHARDSI; MANDIBULAR LYMPH-NODES; INTRACELLULAR SURVIVAL; ERADICATION PROGRAMS; CANINE BRUCELLOSIS; RED FOXES; 2,3-DIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS AB Fifty years ago, bacteria in the genus Brucella were known to cause infertility and reproductive losses. At that time, the genus was considered to contain only 3 species: Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, and Brucella suis. Since the early 1960s, at least 7 new species have been identified as belonging to the Brucella genus (Brucella canis, Brucella ceti, Brucella inopinata, Brucella microti, Brucella neotomae, Brucella ovis, and Brucella pinnipedialis) with several additional new species under consideration for inclusion. Although molecular studies have found such high homology that some authors have proposed that all Brucella are actually 1 species, the epidemiologic and diagnostic benefits for separating the genus based on phenotypic characteristics are more compelling. Although pathogenic Brucellaspp have preferred reservoir hosts, their ability to infect numerous mammalian hosts has been increasingly documented. The maintenance of infection in new reservoir hosts, such as wildlife, has become an issue for both public health and animal health regulatory personnel. Since the 1960s, new information on how Brucella enters host cells and modifies their intracellular environment has been gained. Although the pathogenesis and histologic lesions of B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis in their preferred hosts have not changed, additional knowledge on the pathology of these brucellae in new hosts, or of new species of Brucella in their preferred hosts, has been obtained. To this day, brucellosis remains a significant human zoonosis that is emerging or reemerging in many parts of the world. C1 [Olsen, S. C.; Palmer, M. V.] ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Olsen, SC (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Steven.olsen@ars.usda.gov NR 127 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 46 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 EI 1544-2217 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1076 EP 1089 DI 10.1177/0300985814540545 PG 14 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA AT1GQ UT WOS:000344681800004 PM 24981716 ER PT J AU Ranger, CM Gorzlancyk, AM Addesso, KM Oliver, JB Reding, ME Schultz, PB Held, DW AF Ranger, Christopher M. Gorzlancyk, Austin M. Addesso, Karla M. Oliver, Jason B. Reding, Michael E. Schultz, Peter B. Held, David W. TI Conophthorin enhances the electroantennogram and field behavioural response of Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to ethanol SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ambrosia beetle; conophthorin; Xylosandrus ID PINE-CONE BEETLE; BARK BEETLES; AMBROSIA BEETLES; HOST-SELECTION; GNATHOTRICHUS-SULCATUS; TOMICUS-PINIPERDA; ALPHA-PINENE; BAITED TRAPS; HYLURGOPS-PALLIATUS; SPECIES COLEOPTERA AB Ethanol acts as an attractant that aids Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) in locating living but weakened hosts. Electroantennogram (EAG) and field trapping experiments were conducted with conophthorin and other selected semiochemicals that function as important olfactory cues for various ambrosia beetles to characterize their effect on the attraction of X. germanus to ethanol and to assess whether EAG responses provide an indication of behavioural activity. Thus, semiochemicals hypothesized to enhance (i.e. conophthorin), reduce (i.e. terpinolene, verbenone) or have a negligible (i.e. lineatin, sulcatol, retusol) effect on the attraction of X. germanus to ethanol were selected for comparative purposes. Ethanol plus conophthorin elicited larger EAG amplitudes than binary (1:1) mixtures of ethanol plus the remaining semiochemicals at dilutions of 0.001%, 0.01% and 1% per compound. Conophthorin also enhanced the attraction of X. germanus, Euwallacea validus (Eichhoff) and Cyclorhipidion pelliculosum (Eichhoff) to ethanol under field conditions. By contrast, terpinolene and verbenone reduced the attraction of X. germanus and other ambrosia beetles to ethanol. Semiochemicals that enhance (i.e. conophthorin) or reduce (i.e. terpinolene, verbenone) attraction by X. germanus may improve monitoring and/or management tactics. These results also suggest that EAG responses can indicate field behavioural activity and be useful for screening attractants for X. germanus. C1 [Ranger, Christopher M.; Reding, Michael E.] ARS, Hort Insects Res Lab, USDA, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Ranger, Christopher M.; Reding, Michael E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Gorzlancyk, Austin M.; Held, David W.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Addesso, Karla M.; Oliver, Jason B.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. [Schultz, Peter B.] Virginia Tech, Hampton Rd Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 USA. RP Ranger, CM (reprint author), ARS, Hort Insects Res Lab, USDA, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM christopher.ranger@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative; USDA-APHIS' [12-8130-0196-CA]; ARS (National Program 304-Crop Protection and Quarantine) [3607-22000-012-00D] FX We thank James Moyseenko, Jennifer Barnett and Betsy Anderson for technical assistance. This research was supported by funding from the USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative, USDA-APHIS' Request for Technology Development to Improve Detection and Survey for Exotic Wood Borers (agreement number 12-8130-0196-CA) and base funds associated with ARS Research Project 3607-22000-012-00D (National Program 304-Crop Protection and Quarantine). Mention of proprietary products or companies does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation by USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Auburn University, The Ohio State University, Tennessee State University, or Virginia Tech. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 BP 327 EP 334 DI 10.1111/afe.12062 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AS0PF UT WOS:000343979200001 ER PT J AU Duan, JJ Abell, KJ Bauer, LS Gould, J Van Driesche, R AF Duan, Jian J. Abell, Kristopher J. Bauer, Leah S. Gould, Juli Van Driesche, Roy TI Natural enemies implicated in the regulation of an invasive pest: a life table analysis of the population dynamics of the emerald ash borer SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological control; invasive; life table; net population growth rate; wood borers ID AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; NORTH-AMERICA; BIOTIC FACTORS; BUPRESTIDAE; DISPERSAL; TREES; CHINA; HYMENOPTERA; EULOPHIDAE; ABUNDANCE AB The emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennisFairmaire is a serious invasive forest pest of ash (Fraxinus) trees in North America. Life tables were constructed for both experimentally established cohorts and wild populations of A. planipennis on healthy host trees from 2008 to 2011 in six forests in central Michigan. Life table analysis showed that the net population growth rates (R-0) for the experimental cohorts (16.02.9) and associated wild A. planipennis (19.4 +/- 1.9) were the highest for the first study period (2008-2009) at three Ingham Co. sites but decreased to 4.7 +/- 0.9 and 4.6 +/- 0.4, respectively, for the second (2009-2010) study period at the same sites. By contrast, R-0 values of both experimental cohorts (5.7 +/- 2.2) and associated wild A. planipennis populations (11.3 +/- 2.5) were intermediate in the third (2010-2011) study period at different sites in the Gratiot and Shiawassee Cos. The sudden decrease in R-0 of both experimental and wild A. planipennis cohorts in the Ingham Co. sites corresponded with increases in parasitism by hymenopteran parasitoids Atanycolus spp. (native) and Tetrastichus planipennisiYang (introduced), as well as an increase in woodpecker predation, indicating the role of these natural enemies in regulation of the pest's population dynamics. C1 [Duan, Jian J.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Abell, Kristopher J.; Van Driesche, Roy] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Bauer, Leah S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Bauer, Leah S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gould, Juli] USDA APHIS, PPQ CPHST, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. RP Duan, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, 501 South Chapel St, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM jian.duan@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection FX We thank Deborah Miller (USDA Forest Service); Michael Ulyshen, Jason Hansen, Tim Watt and Ian Lane (Michigan State University, Department of Entomology); Tony Capizzo and Jane Slater (USDA Agricultural Research Service); and Song Yang (Visiting Scientist at USDA ARS from Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China) for assistance with the laboratory work and field surveys of emerald ash borer larvae and their parasitoids. We are also grateful to David Jennings (University of Maryland) and Doug Luster and Roger Fuester (USDA Agricultural Research Service) for helpful comments on an early version of this manuscript, as well as Richard Reardon and Steven Katovich (USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection) for providing financial support for this project. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 BP 406 EP 416 DI 10.1111/afe.12070 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AS0PF UT WOS:000343979200009 ER PT J AU Manjarin, R Bequette, BJ Wu, GY Trottier, NL AF Manjarin, Rodrigo Bequette, Brian J. Wu, Guoyao Trottier, Nathalie L. TI Linking our understanding of mammary gland metabolism to amino acid nutrition SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Review DE Amino acid; Lactation; Metabolism; Mammary gland; Utilization ID DIETARY ARGININE SUPPLEMENTATION; LYSINURIC PROTEIN INTOLERANCE; INITIATION-FACTOR ACTIVATION; MESSENGER-RNA TRANSLATION; HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; FED YOUNG-PIGS; MAC-T CELLS; TRANSPORT-SYSTEMS AB Amino acids (AA) are not only building blocks of protein but are also key regulators of metabolic pathways in animals. Understanding the fate of AA is crucial to optimize utilization of AA for milk protein synthesis and, therefore, to reduce inefficiencies of nutrient utilization during lactation. By understanding the functional role of AA metabolism in mammary tissue, we can uncover pathways and molecular targets to improve AA utilization by mothers and neonates during the lactation period. The major objective of this article is to highlight recent advances in mammary AA transport, metabolism and utilization. Such knowledge will aid in refining dietary requirements of AA for lactating mammals, including women, sows and cows. C1 [Manjarin, Rodrigo; Trottier, Nathalie L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Manjarin, Rodrigo] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bequette, Brian J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Trottier, NL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM manjarin@bcm.edu; trottier@msu.edu FU Texas A&M AgriLife Research [8200]; National Research Initiative Competitive Grants from the Animal Growth and Nutrient Utilization Program of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2014-67015-21770] FX This work was supported, in part, by funds from Texas A&M AgriLife Research (No. 8200) and National Research Initiative Competitive Grants from the Animal Growth and Nutrient Utilization Program (No. 2014-67015-21770) of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 189 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 49 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 EI 1438-2199 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD NOV PY 2014 VL 46 IS 11 BP 2447 EP 2462 DI 10.1007/s00726-014-1818-8 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AS0WC UT WOS:000343995600001 PM 25195161 ER PT J AU Cane, JH AF Cane, James H. TI The oligolectic bee Osmia brevis sonicates Penstemon flowers for pollen: a newly documented behavior for the Megachilidae SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Apiformes; Megachilidae; buzz pollination; Penstemon; floral sonication; pollen foraging; porose anthers ID POLLINATION ECOLOGY; BUZZ-POLLINATION; CRESSON HYMENOPTERA; BLUEBERRY; VACCINIUM; SCROPHULARIACEAE; PEDICULARIS; COLLECTION; ERICACEAE; VIBRATION AB Flowers with poricidally dehiscent anthers are typically nectarless but are avidly visited and often solely pollinated by bees that sonicate the flowers to harvest pollen. Sonication results from shivering the thoracic flight muscles. Honey bees (Apis) and the 4,000+ species of Megachilidae are enigmatic in their seeming inability to sonicate flowers. The oligolectic megachilid bee Osmia brevis was found audibly sonicating two of its beardtongue pollen hosts, Penstemon radicosus and P. cyananthus. The bees' high-pitched sonication sequences are readily distinguishable from flight sounds in audiospectrograms, as well as sounds that result from anther rasping. Instead, floral sonication by O. brevis resembles the familiar sounds of bumblebees buzzing, in this case while visiting P. strictus flowers. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Cane, JH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Jim.Cane@ars.usda.gov FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project through the USDI-BLM Great Basin Restoration Initiative; USDA-FS Rocky Mountain Research Station FX Research was funded by the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project funded through the USDI-BLM Great Basin Restoration Initiative and the USDA-FS Rocky Mountain Research Station. Dr. Noel Holmgren kindly identified the penstemons. Vincent Tepedino and Michael Mesler provided helpful reviews. I dedicate this study to the memory of Philip Torchio, an astute observer of solitary bees. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 EI 1297-9678 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD NOV PY 2014 VL 45 IS 6 BP 678 EP 684 DI 10.1007/s13592-014-0286-1 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AS0MG UT WOS:000343970500003 ER PT J AU Furlong, MJ Rowley, DL Murtiningsih, R Greenstone, MH AF Furlong, Michael J. Rowley, Daniel L. Murtiningsih, Rini Greenstone, Matthew H. TI Combining ecological methods and molecular gut-content analysis to investigate predation of a lepidopteran pest complex of Brassica crops SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Plutella xylostella; Crocidolomia pavonana; Pieris rapae; Araneae; Lycosidae; Theridiidae; natural enemies; PCR; Cambidae; Plutellidae; predator exclusion ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PLUTELLA-XYLOSTELLA LEP.; DETECTABILITY HALF-LIFE; COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; NATURAL ENEMIES; DIAMONDBACK MOTH; PIERIS-RAPAE; INVERTEBRATE PREDATORS; CROCIDOLOMIA-PAVONANA; PARASITOID COMPLEX AB In South East Queensland, Australia, Brassica crops are typically attacked by Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in late summer and autumn (February to May) and by Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from late autumn to the end of spring (May to November). Physical exclusion studies were used to assess the impact of predators on pest populations in two cabbage [Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata cv. Warrior (Brassicaceae)] crops grown sequentially between April and September 2006. The studies were complemented by molecular gut-content analysis of predators simultaneously hand-collected from the study crops by destructive sampling of cabbage plants. In May 2006, exclusion studies showed that 57% (95% CI=40-74%) of the C.pavonana study cohort was lost to predation. Spiders represented 81% of all predators collected and Lycosidae collected from the soil surface beneath sampled plants dominated (61% of predators); 23% of Lycosidae contained C.pavonana DNA, whereas 5% contained P.xylostella DNA. In August 2006, exclusion studies showed that 88% (95% CI=83-93%) of the P.xylostella cohort was lost to predation. Spiders represented 99% of all predators collected; soil surface dwelling Lycosidae (51% of predators) dominated, followed by Linyphiidae (20%) and foliar-dwelling spiders (16%; Theridiidae, Salticidae, Clubionidae/Miturgidae, and Oxyopidae combined); 12% of Lycosidae and 38% of foliar-dwelling spiders contained P.xylostella DNA. Life tables for P.xylostella that were constructed for cohorts exposed to predators and cohorts from which predators had been physically excluded showed that eggs and neonates suffered the highest rates of predation. In a concurrent study, P.xylostella that were naturally recruited to the field population suffered similar high levels of early-stage mortality. C1 [Furlong, Michael J.; Murtiningsih, Rini] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Rowley, Daniel L.; Greenstone, Matthew H.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Furlong, MJ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM m.furlong@uq.edu.au RI Furlong, Michael/A-3314-2013 OI Furlong, Michael/0000-0002-1465-8087 FU Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) [HORT/2003/062, PC/2004/063] FX This study was funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) projects HORT/2003/062 and PC/2004/063. Sandra Dennien and Brendan Nolan are thanked for their help with sampling and field collection of predators and Greg Daniels (University of Queensland) and Dr. Robert Raven (Queensland Museum) are thanked for their invaluable assistance in identifying spiders. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 153 IS 2 BP 128 EP 141 DI 10.1111/eea.12231 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AS6QD UT WOS:000344386700005 ER PT J AU Stripe, CM Santiago, LS Padgett, PE AF Stripe, Cara M. Santiago, Louis S. Padgett, Pamela E. TI Contrasting physiological responses of ozone-tolerant Phaseolus vulgaris and Nicotiana tobaccum varieties to ozone and nitric acid SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID NITRATE REDUCTASE-ACTIVITY; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; AIR-POLLUTANT; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DEPOSITION; VAPOR; HNO3; ECOSYSTEMS; EXPOSURE AB Ozone (O-3) and nitric acid (HNO3) are synthesized by the same atmospheric photochemical processes and are almost always co-pollutants. Effects of O-3 on plants have been well-elucidated, yet less is known about the effects of HNO3 on plants. We investigated the physiological effects of experimental O-3 and HNO3 fumigation on Phaseolus vulgaris (snap bean) and Nicotiana tobaccum (tobacco) varieties with known sensitivity to O-3, but unknown responses to HNO3. Responses were measured as leaf absorptance, aboveground plant biomass, and photosynthetic CO2-response curve parameters. Our results demonstrate that O-3 reduced absorptance, stomatal conductance and plant biomass in both species, and maximum photosynthetic rate in P. vulgaris, whereas the main effect of HNO3 was an increase in mesophyll conductance. Overall, the results suggest that HNO3 affects mesophyll conductance through increased nitrogen absorbed by leaves during HNO3 deposition which in turn increases photosynthetic demand for CO2, or that damage to epicuticular waxes on leaves increased diffusion of CO2 to sites of carboxylation. C1 [Stripe, Cara M.; Santiago, Louis S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Padgett, Pamela E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Riverside Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Santiago, LS (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM santiago@ucr.edu RI Santiago, Louis/E-3185-2016 OI Santiago, Louis/0000-0001-5994-6122 FU Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) fund; USDA Forest Service FX We thank Dr Kent Burkey for providing the two P. vulgaris variety seeds and Dr William Manning for providing us with the tolerant and sensitive N. tobaccum varieties. We gratefully acknowledge Dr Edith Allen for guidance, Sarah Pasquini and Lee Buckingham for laboratory assistance, Jeffery Ambriz for help in the greenhouse and Rob Lennox for constant technical support. Financial support for this project came from a grant from the Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) fund and the USDA Forest Service. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 19 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PD NOV PY 2014 VL 16 IS 11 BP 2488 EP 2495 DI 10.1039/c4em00143e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AS2TB UT WOS:000344131200003 PM 25280087 ER PT J AU Kersten, P Cullen, D AF Kersten, Phil Cullen, Dan TI Copper radical oxidases and related extracellular oxidoreductases of wood-decay Agaricomycetes SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glyoxal oxidase; Lignin; White rot; Brown rot; Lignin peroxidase ID BASIDIOMYCETE PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; LIGNIN-DEGRADING BASIDIOMYCETE; FUNGUS CERIPORIOPSIS-SUBVERMISPORA; MANGANESE-DEPENDENT PEROXIDASE; BROWN-ROT BASIDIOMYCETE; GLYOXAL OXIDASE; GALACTOSE-OXIDASE; CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE; PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION AB Extracellular peroxide generation, a key component of oxidative lignocellulose degradation, has been attributed to various enzymes including the copper radical oxidases. Encoded by a family of structurally related sequences, the genes are widely distributed among wood decay fungi including three recently completed polypore genomes. In all cases, core catalytic residues are conserved, but five subfamilies are recognized. Glyoxal oxidase, the most intensively studied representative, has been shown physiologically connected to lignin peroxidase. Relatively little is known about structure-function relationships among more recently discovered copper radical oxidases. Nevertheless, differences in substrate preferences have been observed in one case and the proteins have been detected in filtrates of various wood-grown cultures. Such diversity may reflect adaptations to host cell wall composition and changing environmental conditions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kersten, Phil; Cullen, Dan] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Kersten, P (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM pkersten@wisc.edu; dcullen@wisc.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67009-20056]; US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State, Research, Education, and Extension Service [2007-35504-18257] FX This research was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant No. 2011-67009-20056 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to P.K. and by US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State, Research, Education, and Extension Service Grant 2007-35504-18257 to D.C. NR 100 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 EI 1096-0937 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 72 SI SI BP 124 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.05.011 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA AS3WU UT WOS:000344206800014 PM 24915038 ER PT J AU Bolon, YT Stec, AO Michno, JM Roessler, J Bhaskar, PB Ries, L Dobbels, AA Campbell, BW Young, NP Anderson, JE Grant, DM Orf, JH Naeve, SL Muehlbauer, GJ Vance, CP Stupar, RM AF Bolon, Yung-Tsi Stec, Adrian O. Michno, Jean-Michel Roessler, Jeffrey Bhaskar, Pudota B. Ries, Landon Dobbels, Austin A. Campbell, Benjamin W. Young, Nathan P. Anderson, Justin E. Grant, David M. Orf, James H. Naeve, Seth L. Muehlbauer, Gary J. Vance, Carroll P. Stupar, Robert M. TI Genome Resilience and Prevalence of Segmental Duplications Following Fast Neutron Irradiation of Soybean SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; COPY-NUMBER; STRUCTURAL VARIATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; REVERSE GENETICS; WIDE ANALYSIS; GLYCINE-MAX; REGIONS; IDENTIFICATION AB Fast neutron radiation has been used as a mutagen to develop extensive mutant collections. However, the genome-wide structural consequences of fast neutron radiation are not well understood. Here, we examine the genome-wide structural variants observed among 264 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plants sampled from a large fast neutron-mutagenized population. While deletion rates were similar to previous reports, surprisingly high rates of segmental duplication were also found throughout the genome. Duplication coverage extended across entire chromosomes and often prevailed at chromosome ends. High-throughput resequencing analysis of selected mutants resolved specific chromosomal events, including the rearrangement junctions for a large deletion, a tandem duplication, and a translocation. Genetic mapping associated a large deletion on chromosome 10 with a quantitative change in seed composition for one mutant. A tandem duplication event, located on chromosome 17 in a second mutant, was found to cosegregate with a short petiole mutant phenotype, and thus may serve as an example of a morphological change attributable to a DNA copy number gain. Overall, this study provides insight into the resilience of the soybean genome, the patterns of structural variation resulting from fast neutron mutagenesis, and the utility of fast neutron-irradiated mutants as a source of novel genetic losses and gains. C1 [Bolon, Yung-Tsi; Stec, Adrian O.; Michno, Jean-Michel; Roessler, Jeffrey; Bhaskar, Pudota B.; Ries, Landon; Dobbels, Austin A.; Campbell, Benjamin W.; Young, Nathan P.; Anderson, Justin E.; Orf, James H.; Naeve, Seth L.; Muehlbauer, Gary J.; Vance, Carroll P.; Stupar, Robert M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Muehlbauer, Gary J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Grant, David M.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Vance, Carroll P.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Stupar, RM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,411 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rstupar@umn.edu RI Anderson, Justin/R-3007-2016; OI Anderson, Justin/0000-0001-7642-4641; Stupar, Robert/0000-0002-8836-2924 FU Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council [18-12C, 21-13C]; United Soybean Board [1320-532-5688]; National Science Foundation [IOS-1127083]; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX We are grateful to Dimitri Von Ruckert, William Haun, Dinesha Walek, Jill Miller-Garvin, and Aaron Becker for project support. We thank Ethalinda Cannon for prerelease CViT software updates. We also acknowledge use of resources at the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute at the University of Minnesota. We thank the Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council (no. 18-12C and no. 21-13C), the United Soybean Board (no. 1320-532-5688), the National Science Foundation (no. IOS-1127083), and the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service for funding and supporting this work. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 23 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 EI 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD NOV PY 2014 VL 198 IS 3 BP 967 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.114.170340 PG 24 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AS6KT UT WOS:000344373300013 PM 25213171 ER PT J AU Linderholm, AL Bratt, JM Schuster, GU Zeki, AA Kenyon, NJ AF Linderholm, Angela L. Bratt, Jennifer M. Schuster, Gertrud U. Zeki, Amir A. Kenyon, Nicholas J. TI Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Adult Obese Asthmatics SO IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Severe asthma; L-Arginine; Nitric oxide; Metformin; Statins; Obesity ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR; INCREASED ARGINASE ACTIVITY; NITRIC-OXIDE; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE; VITAMIN-D; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; DIETARY ANTIOXIDANTS; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS AB Asthma is a complex syndrome that affects an estimated 26 million people in the United States but gaps exist in the recognition and management of asthmatic subgroups. This article proposes alternative approaches for future treatments of adult obese asthmatics who do not respond to standard controller therapies, drawing parallels between seemingly disparate therapeutics through their common signaling pathways. How metformin and statins can potentially improve airway inflammation is described and supplements are suggested. A move toward more targeted therapies for asthma subgroups is needed. These therapies address asthma and the comorbidities that accompany obesity and metabolic syndrome to provide the greatest therapeutic potential. C1 [Linderholm, Angela L.; Bratt, Jennifer M.; Zeki, Amir A.; Kenyon, Nicholas J.] Univ Calif Davis, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schuster, Gertrud U.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schuster, Gertrud U.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Immun & Dis Prevent Unit, Davis, CA USA. RP Kenyon, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, GBSF, 451 Hlth Sci Dr,Suite 6510, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM njkenyon@ucdavis.edu FU National Institutes of Health [T32 HL07013, K08 HL076415, HL105573, AI097354] FX The authors appreciate ongoing support from the National Institutes of Health (T32 HL07013 [J.M. Brett], K08 HL076415 [A. Zeki], and HL105573, AI097354 [N.J. Kenyon]). The authors have no other disclosures. NR 88 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0889-8561 EI 1557-8607 J9 IMMUNOL ALLERGY CLIN JI Immunol. Allerg. Clin. North Am. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 34 IS 4 BP 809 EP + DI 10.1016/j.iac.2014.07.006 PG 16 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA AS0KN UT WOS:000343966200009 PM 25282293 ER PT J AU Mudenda, L Pierle, SA Turse, JE Scoles, GA Purvine, SO Nicora, CD Clauss, TRW Ueti, MW Brown, WC Brayton, KA AF Mudenda, Lwiindi Pierle, Sebastian Aguilar Turse, Joshua E. Scoles, Glen A. Purvine, Samuel O. Nicora, Carrie D. Clauss, Therese R. W. Ueti, Massaro W. Brown, Wendy C. Brayton, Kelly A. TI Proteomics informed by transcriptomics identifies novel secreted proteins in Dermacentor andersoni saliva SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tick; Gene expression; Transcriptomics; Proteomics; Salivary proteins; Saliva; Mass spectrometry ID RHIPICEPHALUS-APPENDICULATUS TICKS; REAL-TIME PCR; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; ANAPLASMA-MARGINALE; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; AMBLYOMMA-VARIEGATUM; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; EXPRESSION PROFILE; REFERENCE GENES; RNA-SEQ AB Dermacentor andersoni, known as the Rocky Mountain wood tick, is found in the western United States and transmits pathogens that cause diseases of veterinary and public health importance including Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tularemia, Colorado tick fever and bovine anaplasmosis. Tick saliva is known to modulate both innate and acquired immune responses, enabling ticks to feed for several days without detection. During feeding ticks subvert host defences such as hemostasis and inflammation, which would otherwise result in coagulation, wound repair and rejection of the tick. Molecular characterization of the proteins and pharmacological molecules secreted in tick saliva offers an opportunity to develop tick vaccines as an alternative to the use of acaricides, as well as new anti-inflammatory drugs. We performed proteomics informed by transcriptomics to identify D. andersoni saliva proteins that are secreted during feeding. The transcript data generated a database of 21,797 consensus sequences, which we used to identify 677 proteins secreted in the saliva of D. andersoni ticks fed for 2 and 5 days, following proteomic investigations of whole saliva using mass spectrometry. Salivary gland transcript levels of unfed ticks were compared with 2 and 5 day fed ticks to identify genes upregulated early during tick feeding. We cross-referenced the proteomic data with the transcriptomic data to identify 157 proteins of interest for immunomodulation and blood feeding. Proteins of unknown function as well as known immunomodulators were identified. (C) 2014 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mudenda, Lwiindi; Pierle, Sebastian Aguilar; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mudenda, Lwiindi; Pierle, Sebastian Aguilar; Turse, Joshua E.; Brown, Wendy C.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Scoles, Glen A.; Ueti, Massaro W.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Purvine, Samuel O.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Nicora, Carrie D.; Clauss, Therese R. W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Brown, WC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM wbrown@vetmed.wsu.edu; kbrayton@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Fulbright Program, USA; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, USA; Conacyt, Mexico; Poncin, USA; U.S. Department of Agriculture [ARS 5348-32000-033-00D] FX The global proteomic study was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Lwiindi Mudenda was supported by a grant from the Fulbright Program, USA and by the Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, USA, and Sebastian Aguilar Pierle was supported by Conacyt, Mexico and Poncin, USA. This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Agriculture grant ARS 5348-32000-033-00D. We appreciate the excellent technical support of Xiaoya Cheng, James Allison, Ralph Horn, Sara Davis and Kathy Mason. NR 61 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 EI 1879-0135 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 44 IS 13 BP 1029 EP 1037 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.07.003 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AS7GS UT WOS:000344425700007 PM 25110293 ER PT J AU Chen, H Chaudhury, MF Sagel, A Phillips, PL Skoda, SR AF Chen, H. Chaudhury, M. F. Sagel, A. Phillips, P. L. Skoda, S. R. TI Artificial diets used in mass production of the New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Review DE diet formulation; insect nutrition; solidifying agents; sterile insect technique; waste diet management ID CALLIPHORIDAE LARVAL DIET; DIPTERA-CALLIPHORIDAE; ERADICATION PROGRAM; REARING SCREWWORM; GELLING AGENT; GELLED MEDIA; BLOOD; PROTEIN; COMPONENTS; BOVINE AB The New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), has been eradicated from North and Central America using the sterile insect technique. This success has been based on mass production of high-quality screwworms using artificial diets since 1958. Many diet formulations for both larvae and adults have been developed, mainly driven by cost efficiency and material supply. However, only four larval and two adult diet formulations have been applied in the six sterile fly mass production plants in the USA, Mexico and Panama. Herein, we briefly review the history of screwworm diet research and development, introduce the diet formulations used in mass rearing and discuss their advantages and disadvantages in terms of plant application. Finally, we propose future research on screwworm nutrition, potential protein sources, feeding stimulants, further optimization of screwworm formulations and possible methods to reduce the negative qualities of waste generated during the mass production. C1 [Chen, H.; Chaudhury, M. F.; Sagel, A.; Phillips, P. L.; Skoda, S. R.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Skoda, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM steve.skoda@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 EI 1439-0418 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 138 IS 9 BP 708 EP 714 DI 10.1111/jen.12112 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AS6KG UT WOS:000344371900010 ER PT J AU Wright, NC Looker, AC Saag, KG Curtis, JR Delzell, ES Randall, S Dawson-Hughes, B AF Wright, Nicole C. Looker, Anne C. Saag, Kenneth G. Curtis, Jeffrey R. Delzell, Elizabeth S. Randall, Susan Dawson-Hughes, Bess TI The Recent Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Low Bone Mass in the United States Based on Bone Mineral Density at the Femoral Neck or Lumbar Spine SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE OSTEOPOROSIS; LOW BONE MASS; PREVALENCE; NHANES ID INCIDENT VERTEBRAL FRACTURES; NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; OLDER US ADULTS; HIP FRACTURE; NHANES-III; INCREASED MORTALITY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK; WOMEN; DEFORMITIES AB The goal of our study was to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck and the lumbar spine in adults 50 years and older in the United States (US). We applied prevalence estimates of osteoporosis or low bone mass at the femoral neck or lumbar spine (adjusted by age, sex, and race/ethnicity to the 2010 Census) for the noninstitutionalized population aged 50 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 to 2010 US Census population counts to determine the total number of older US residents with osteoporosis and low bone mass. There were more than 99 million adults aged 50 years and older in the US in 2010. Based on an overall 10.3% prevalence of osteoporosis, we estimated that in 2010, 10.2 million older adults had osteoporosis. The overall low bone mass prevalence was 43.9%, from which we estimated that 43.4 million older adults had low bone mass. We estimated that 7.7 million non-Hispanic white, 0.5 million non-Hispanic black, and 0.6 million Mexican American adults had osteoporosis, and another 33.8, 2.9, and 2.0 million had low bone mass, respectively. When combined, osteoporosis and low bone mass at the femoral neck or lumbar spine affected an estimated 53.6 million older US adults in 2010. Although most of the individuals with osteoporosis or low bone mass were non-Hispanic white women, a substantial number of men and women from other racial/ethnic groups also had osteoporotic BMD or low bone mass. (c) 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Wright, Nicole C.; Delzell, Elizabeth S.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Looker, Anne C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Saag, Kenneth G.; Curtis, Jeffrey R.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Randall, Susan] Natl Osteoporosis Fdn, Washington, DC USA. [Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wright, NC (reprint author), 1665 Univ Blvd,RPHB 230N, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM ncwright@uab.edu FU University of Alabama at Birmingham; National Osteoporosis Foundation FX This work was funded by a contract between University of Alabama at Birmingham and The National Osteoporosis Foundation. The findings and conclusions in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 43 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 29 IS 11 BP 2520 EP 2526 DI 10.1002/jbmr.2269 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AS4DF UT WOS:000344222800022 PM 24771492 ER PT J AU Bauermann, FV Falkenberg, SM Ley, BV Decaro, N Brodersen, BW Harmon, A Hessman, B Flores, EF Ridpath, JF AF Bauermann, F. V. Falkenberg, S. M. Ley, B. Vander Decaro, N. Brodersen, B. W. Harmon, A. Hessman, B. Flores, E. F. Ridpath, J. F. TI Generation of Calves Persistently Infected with HoBi-Like Pestivirus and Comparison of Methods for Detection of These Persistent Infections SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRAL-DIARRHEA-VIRUS; ATYPICAL PESTIVIRUS; CATTLE; ANTIBODIES; ERADICATION; EUROPE; SUBGENOTYPES; PERFORMANCE; DIAGNOSIS; SAMPLES AB The identification and elimination of persistently infected (PI) cattle are the most effective measures for controlling bovine pestiviruses, including bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and the emerging HoBi-like viruses. Here, colostrum-deprived calves persistently infected with HoBi-like pestivirus (HoBi-like PI calves) were generated and sampled (serum, buffy coat, and ear notches) on the day of birth (DOB) and weekly for 5 consecutive weeks. The samples were subjected to diagnostic tests for BVDV-two reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assays, two commercial real-time RT quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), two antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ACE), and immunohistochemistry (IHC)-and to HoBi-like virus-specific RT-PCR and RT-qPCR assays. The rate of false negatives varied among the calves. The HoBi-like virus-specific RT-PCR detected HoBi-like virus in 83%, 75%, and 87% of the serum, buffy coat, and ear notch samples, respectively, while the HoBi-like RT-qPCR detected the virus in 83%, 96%, and 62%, respectively. In comparison, the BVDV RT-PCR test had a higher rate of false negatives in all tissue types, especially for the ear notch samples (missing detection in at least 68% of the samples). The commercial BVDV RT-qPCRs and IHC detected 100% of the ear notch samples as positive. While ACE based on the BVDV glycoprotein E-rns detected infection in at least 87% of ear notches, no infections were detected using NS3-based ACE. The BVDV RT-qPCR, ACE, and IHC yielded higher levels of detection than the HoBi-like virus-specific assays, although the lack of differentiation between BVDV and HoBi-like viruses would make these tests of limited use for the control and/or surveillance of persistent HoBi-like virus infection. An improvement in HoBi-like virus tests is required before a reliable HoBi-like PI surveillance program can be designed. C1 [Bauermann, F. V.; Ridpath, J. F.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Falkenberg, S. M.] Elanco Anim Hlth, Greenfield, IN USA. [Ley, B. Vander] Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Columbia, MO USA. [Decaro, N.] Univ Bari, Dept Vet Med, Valenzano, Italy. [Brodersen, B. W.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE USA. [Harmon, A.] Novartis Anim Hlth US Inc, Larchwood, IA USA. [Hessman, B.] Haskell Cty Anim Hosp LLC, Cent States Testing LLC, Sublette, KS USA. [Flores, E. F.] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Vet Prevent Med, BR-97119900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. RP Bauermann, FV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM fernando.bauermann@ars.usda.gov RI flores, eduardo/H-5125-2016; OI Decaro, Nicola/0000-0001-6348-7969 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 52 IS 11 BP 3845 EP 3852 DI 10.1128/JCM.01563-14 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AS3EO UT WOS:000344159500004 PM 25122860 ER PT J AU Bai, XL Shrestha, SL Casey, FXM Hakk, H Fan, ZS AF Bai, Xuelian Shrestha, Suman L. Casey, Francis X. M. Hakk, Heldur Fan, Zhaosheng TI Modeling coupled sorption and transformation of 17 beta-estradiol-17-sulfate in soil-water systems SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hormone transport; Estrogen; Estrogen conjugates; 17 beta-Estradiol-17-sulfate ID AGRICULTURAL SOILS; STOCHASTIC RANKING; STEROID-HORMONES; ESTROGENS; TRANSPORT; FATE; TESTOSTERONE; ESTRADIOL; ESTRONE; MANURE AB Animal manure is the primary source of exogenous free estrogens in the environment, which are known endocrine-disrupting chemicals to disorder the reproduction system of organisms. Conjugated estrogens can act as precursors to free estrogens, which may increase the total estrogenicity in the environment. In this study, a comprehensive model was used to simultaneously simulate the coupled sorption and transformation of a sulfate estrogen conjugate, 17 beta-estradiol-17-sulfate (E2-17S), in various soil-water systems (non-sterile/sterile; topsoil/subsoil). The simulated processes included multiple transformation pathways (i.e. hydroxylation, hydrolysis, and oxidation) and mass transfer between the aqueous, reversibly sorbed, and irreversibly sorbed phases of all soils for E2-17S and its metabolites. The conceptual model was conceived based on a series of linear sorption and first-order transformation expressions. The model was inversely solved Using finite difference to estimate process parameters. A global optimization method was applied for the inverse analysis along with variable model restrictions to estimate 36 parameters. The model provided a satisfactory simultaneous fit (R-adj(2) = 0.93 and d = 0.87) of all the experimental data and reliable parameter estimates. This modeling study improved the understanding on fate and transport of estrogen conjugates under various soil-water conditions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bai, Xuelian; Casey, Francis X. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Shrestha, Suman L.] Bayer CropSci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hakk, Heldur] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Forgo, ND 58102 USA. [Fan, Zhaosheng] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Casey, FXM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Francis.Casey@ndsu.edu RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65102-20400] FX The authors sincerely thank Mrs. Colleen Pfaff (Biosciences Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND) and Mr. Nathan Derby (Department of Soil Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND) for their assistance on the research. We would like to acknowledge Dr. Jane Schuh (Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND) for her support on the sterilization procedure. This project is supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2010-65102-20400 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 EI 1873-6009 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 168 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014.09.001 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA AS7KT UT WOS:000344435800002 PM 25247675 ER PT J AU Zhu, CW Zhu, JG Cao, J Jiang, Q Liu, G Ziska, LH AF Zhu, Chunwu Zhu, Jianguo Cao, Jing Jiang, Qian Liu, Gang Ziska, Lewis H. TI Biochemical and molecular characteristics of leaf photosynthesis and relative seed yield of two contrasting rice cultivars in response to elevated [CO2] SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Elevated CO2; panicle; photosynthetic capacity; rice; sink; source ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ENRICHMENT FACE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GENOTYPIC VARIATION; SINK CAPACITY; ORYZA-SATIVA; GLYCINE-MAX; WHEAT; ACCLIMATION; GROWTH AB Understanding the basis for intraspecific yield variability may be important in elucidating biological mechanisms that are associated with superior yield performance in response to projected increases in carbon dioxide concentration, [CO2]. Using a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) facility, two rice lines, S63 and W14, which differed consistently in their enhancement of seed yield when grown at elevated [CO2] in multiple field trials, were examined. To determine if the different cultivar responses were linked to changes in photosynthetic characteristics at elevated [CO2], spatial and temporal changes in photosynthetic stimulation and the occurrence of down-regulation, or acclimation, in relation to panicle sink development were quantified for the uppermost canopy leaves. Changes in photosynthetic capacity were determined by quantifying changes in the sink: source ratio, leaf nitrogen (N) content, the concentration and mRNA expression of the large Rubisco subunit, and changes in V-c,V-max, the maximum ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)-saturated rate of carboxylation. For the W14 cultivar, significant reductions in photosynthesis at the elevated, relative to ambient [CO2], signalling photosynthetic acclimation, were observed following panicle initiation. The observance of photosynthetic acclimation was consistent with significant reductions in N, Rubisco content and expression, and V-c,V-max. In contrast, for the cultivar S63, elevated [CO2] resulted in increased spikelet number and grain weight, increased sink: source ratios, and continued stimulation of photosynthesis up to grain maturity. Overall, these data suggest that the greater response of the S63 line to elevated [CO2] may be associated with enhanced carbon sinks relative to sources, and the ability to maintain photosynthetic capacity during grain development. C1 [Zhu, Chunwu; Zhu, Jianguo; Jiang, Qian; Liu, Gang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cao, Jing] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Econ & Informat, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Ziska, Lewis H.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ziska, LH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM l.ziska@ars.usda.gov FU National Basic Research Program (973 Program) [2014CB954500]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31370457, 41301209, 31261140364, 31201126]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province in China [BK20131051, BK20140063] FX The work was supported by the National Basic Research Program (973 Program, 2014CB954500), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31370457, 41301209, 31261140364, 31201126) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province in China (Grant No. BK20131051 and BK20140063). The FACE system instruments and were supplied by the National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences and the Agricultural Research Center of Tohoku Region (Japan). NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 51 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 65 IS 20 BP 6049 EP 6056 DI 10.1093/jxb/eru344 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT0YB UT WOS:000344658800027 PM 25180108 ER PT J AU Albacete, A Cantero-Navarro, E Balibrea, ME Grosskinsky, DK Gonzalez, MD Martinez-Andujar, C Smigocki, AC Roitsch, T Perez-Alfocea, F AF Albacete, Alfonso Cantero-Navarro, Elena Balibrea, Maria E. Grosskinsky, Dominik K. de la Cruz Gonzalez, Maria Martinez-Andujar, Cristina Smigocki, Ann C. Roitsch, Thomas Perez-Alfocea, Francisco TI Hormonal and metabolic regulation of tomato fruit sink activity and yield under salinity SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Cell wall invertase; cytokinins; fruit; salinity; sink activity; tomato ID SOLANUM-LYCOPERSICON L.; EXTRACELLULAR INVERTASE; SUCROSE METABOLISM; LEAF SENESCENCE; CARBOHYDRATE-METABOLISM; SUCROLYTIC ACTIVITIES; CHENOPODIUM-RUBRUM; CROP PRODUCTIVITY; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; MESSENGER-RNAS AB Salinization of water and soil has a negative impact on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) productivity by reducing growth of sink organs and by inducing senescence in source leaves. It has been hypothesized that yield stability implies the maintenance or increase of sink activity in the reproductive structures, thus contributing to the transport of assimilates from the source leaves through changes in sucrolytic enzymes and their regulation by phytohormones. In this study, classical and functional physiological approaches have been integrated to study the influence of metabolic and hormonal factors on tomato fruit sink activity, growth, and yield: (i) exogenous hormones were applied to plants, and (ii) transgenic plants overexpressing the cell wall invertase (cwInv) gene CIN1 in the fruits and de novo cytokinin (CK) biosynthesis gene IPT in the roots were constructed. Although salinity reduces fruit growth, sink activity, and trans-zeatin (tZ) concentrations, it increases the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) during the actively growing period (25 days after anthesis). Indeed, exogenous application of the CK analogue kinetin to salinized actively growing fruits recovered sucrolytic activities (mainly cwInv and sucrose synthase), sink strength, and fruit weight, whereas the ethylene-releasing compound ethephon had a negative effect in equivalent non-stressed fruits. Fruit yield was increased by both the constitutive expression of CIN1 in the fruits (up to 4-fold) or IPT in the root (up to 30%), owing to an increase in the fruit number (lower flower abortion) and in fruit weight. This is possibly related to a recovery of sink activity in reproductive tissues due to both (i) increase in sucrolytic activities (cwInv, sucrose synthase, and vacuolar and cytoplasmic invertases) and tZ concentration, and (ii) a decrease in the ACC levels and the activity of the invertase inhibitor. This study provides new functional evidences about the role of metabolic and hormonal inter-regulation of local sink processes in controlling tomato fruit sink activity, growth, and yield under salinity. C1 [Albacete, Alfonso; Cantero-Navarro, Elena; Balibrea, Maria E.; Martinez-Andujar, Cristina; Perez-Alfocea, Francisco] CSIC, CEBAS, Dept Plant Nutr, Murcia 30100, Spain. [Albacete, Alfonso; Grosskinsky, Dominik K.; Roitsch, Thomas] Graz Univ, Inst Plant Sci, Dept Plant Physiol, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Grosskinsky, Dominik K.; Roitsch, Thomas] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Copenhagen Plant Sci Ctr, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark. [de la Cruz Gonzalez, Maria] Univ Seville, CSIC, Inst Bioquim Vegetal & Fotosintesis, Seville 41092, Spain. [Smigocki, Ann C.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Roitsch, Thomas] Czech Globe AS CR, Vvi, Global Change Res Ctr, CZ-66424 Drasov, Czech Republic. RP Perez-Alfocea, F (reprint author), CSIC, CEBAS, Dept Plant Nutr, Campus Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain. EM alfocea@cebas.csic.es RI Gonzalez, MariCruz/E-9614-2012; GroSSkinsky, Dominik/F-9011-2014; OI Gonzalez, MariCruz/0000-0001-8141-9679; GroSSkinsky, Dominik/0000-0001-8976-1057; Albacete, Alfonso/0000-0003-1332-8593 FU Fundacion Seneca de la Region de Murcia [08712/PI/08]; Spanish MICINN-FEDER [AT2009-0038, AGL2011-27996]; European Commission (ROOTOPOWER) [289365]; project MCINN-Austria [AT2009-0038]; Fundacion Seneca (Comunidad Autonoma de la Region de Murcia); FWF (Austrian Science Fund) FX We thank Maria Dolores Alcazar and Alejandro Torrecillas for technical support with radioactivity assays and hormonal analyses. FPA and co-workers are funded by the Fundacion Seneca de la Region de Murcia (project 08712/PI/08), the Spanish MICINN-FEDER (projects AT2009-0038 and AGL2011-27996) and European Commission (ROOTOPOWER Contract # 289365). TR and FPA were jointly funded by the project MCINN-Austria AT2009-0038. AA was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from the Fundacion Seneca (Comunidad Autonoma de la Region de Murcia) and the FWF (Austrian Science Fund). NR 75 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 69 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 65 IS 20 BP 6081 EP 6095 DI 10.1093/jxb/eru347 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT0YB UT WOS:000344658800030 PM 25170099 ER PT J AU Van Ekert, E Powell, CA Shatters, RG Borovsky, D AF Van Ekert, Evelien Powell, Charles A. Shatters, Robert G., Jr. Borovsky, Dov TI Control of larval and egg development in Aedes aegypti with RNA interference against juvenile hormone acid methyl transferase SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Corpora allata; Aedes aegypti; Ovary; Juvenile hormone acid methyl transferase; RNAi; Inhibition of larval growth and egg development ID YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; VITELLOGENIN SYNTHESIS; OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT; ADULT DEVELOPMENT; CORPORA ALLATA; IN-VIVO; DROSOPHILA; BIOSYNTHESIS; CULICIDAE AB RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful approach for elucidating gene functions in a variety of organisms, including mosquitoes and many other insects. Little has been done, however, to harness this approach in order to control adult and larval mosquitoes. Juvenile hormone (JH) plays a pivotal role in the control of reproduction in adults and metamorphism in larval mosquitoes. This report describes an approach to control Aedes aegypti using RNAi against JH acid methyl transferase (AeaJHAMT), the ultimate enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of JH III that converts JH acid III (JHA III) into JH III. In female A. aegypti that were injected or fed jmtA dsRNA targeting the AeajHAmT gene (jmtA) transcript, egg development was inhibited in 50% of the treated females. In mosquito larvae that were fed transgenic Pichia pastoris cells expressing long hair pin (LHP) RNA, adult eclosion was delayed by 3 weeks causing high mortality. Northern blot analyses and qPCR studies show that jmtA dsRNA causes inhibition of jmtA transcript in adults and larvae, which is consistent with the observed inhibition of egg maturation and larval development. Taken together, these results suggest that jmtA LHP RNA expressed in heat inactivated genetically modified P. pastoris cells could be used to control mosquito populations in the marsh. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Van Ekert, Evelien; Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Gainesville, FL 34945 USA. [Shatters, Robert G., Jr.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Borovsky, Dov] Borovsky Consulting, Vero Beach, FL 32968 USA. RP Borovsky, D (reprint author), Borovsky Consulting, 135 36th Court, Vero Beach, FL 32968 USA. EM dovborovsky@gmail.com FU DACS; USA-Israel BSF grants FX This work was supported by DACS and by USA-Israel BSF grants to D.B. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 44 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 70 BP 143 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.08.001 PG 8 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA AS7GJ UT WOS:000344424800018 PM 25111689 ER PT J AU Hair, AB Blanco, CL Moreira, AG Hawthorne, KM Lee, ML Rechtman, DJ Abrams, SA AF Hair, Amy B. Blanco, Cynthia L. Moreira, Alvaro G. Hawthorne, Keli M. Lee, Martin L. Rechtman, David J. Abrams, Steven A. TI Randomized Trial of Human Milk Cream as a Supplement to Standard Fortification of an Exclusive Human Milk-Based Diet in Infants 750-1250 g Birth Weight SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID EXTREMELY PREMATURE-INFANTS; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; GROWTH VELOCITY; OUTCOMES; PROTEIN AB Objective To evaluate whether premature infants who received an exclusive human milk (HM)-based diet and a HM-derived cream supplement (cream) would have weight gain (g/kg/d) at least as good as infants receiving a standard feeding regimen (control). Study design In a prospective noninferiority, randomized, unmasked study, infants with a birth weight 750-1250 g were randomly assigned to the control or cream group. The control group received mother's own milk or donor HM with donor HM-derived fortifier. The cream group received a HM-derived cream supplement if the energy density of the HM tested <20 kcal/oz using a near infrared HM analyzer. Infants were continued on the protocol until 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Primary outcomes included growth velocities and amount of donor HM-derived fortifier used. The hypothesis of noninferiority was established if the lower bound of the one-sided 95% CI for the difference in weight velocities exceeded -3 g/kg/day. Results There were no differences between groups in baseline demographics for the 78 infants studied except racial distribution (P = .02). The cream group (n = 39) had superior weight (14.0 +/- 2.5 vs 12.4 +/- 3.0 g/kg/d, P = .03) and length (1.03 +/- 0.33 vs 0.83 +/- 0.41 cm/wk, P = .02) velocity compared with the control group (n = 39). There were no significant differences in amount of fortifier used between study groups. The 1-sided 95% lower bound of the CI for the difference in mean velocity (cream-control) was 0.38 g/kg/d. Conclusions Premature infants who received HM-derived cream to fortified HM had improved weight and length velocity compared with the control group. HM-derived cream should be considered an adjunctive supplement to an exclusive HM-based diet to improve growth rates in premature infants. C1 [Hair, Amy B.; Hawthorne, Keli M.; Abrams, Steven A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Sect Neonatol,USDA ARS, Houston, TX USA. [Blanco, Cynthia L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Lee, Martin L.; Rechtman, David J.] Prolacta Biosci, City Of Industry, CA USA. RP Hair, AB (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, 6621 Fannin St,Ste W6104, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM abhair@texaschildrens.org OI Hair, Amy/0000-0001-7570-0667; Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) [58-6250-6-001]; National Center for Research Resources General Clinical Research for Children [RR00188] FX Funded by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) (58-6250-6-001) and National Center for Research Resources General Clinical Research for Children (RR00188). Prolacta Bioscience provided the product for the study and assisted in data analysis. Contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. A.H. and C.B. received financial support and receive speaker honoraria from Prolacta Bioscience. M. L. and D.R. are employees of Prolacta Bioscience. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 165 IS 5 BP 915 EP 920 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.07.005 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AS4HP UT WOS:000344235000010 PM 25130571 ER PT J AU Sovern, SG Forsman, ED Olson, GS Biswell, BL Taylor, M Anthony, RG AF Sovern, Stan G. Forsman, Eric D. Olson, Gail S. Biswell, Brian L. Taylor, Margaret Anthony, Robert G. TI Barred Owls and Landscape Attributes Influence Territory Occupancy of Northern Spotted Owls SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE barred owls; colonization; landscape pattern; local-extinction; northern spotted owls; Strix occidentalis caurina; Strix varia; territory occupancy modeling; Washington ID STRIX-OCCIDENTALIS-CAURINA; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; HOME-RANGE; HABITAT-USE; DEMOGRAPHIC PERFORMANCE; NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA; OLYMPIC PENINSULA; WASHINGTON; POPULATIONS; OREGON AB We used multi-season occupancy analyses to model 2 fates of northern spotted owl territories in relation to habitat amount, habitat fragmentation, and the presence of barred owls in Washington State, USA, 1989-2005. Local colonization is the probability a territory unoccupied by a spotted owl in year i would be occupied in year i+1, and local extinction is the probability a territory that was occupied by a spotted owl in year i would be unoccupied in year i+1. We found a negative relationship between local extinction probability and amount of late-seral forest edge. We found a negative relationship between colonization probability and the number of late-seral forest patches (higher fragmentation), and a negative relationship between colonization probability and the amount of non-habitat within 600m of a spotted owl territory center (Akaike weight=0.59). The presence of barred owls was positively related to extinction probability and negatively related to detection probability of spotted owls. The negative relationship between presence of barred owls and detectability of spotted owls indicated that spotted owls could be modifying their calling behavior in the presence of barred owls. The positive relationship between barred owl detections and local extinction probability suggests that because of competition with barred owls, spotted owls are being displaced. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Sovern, Stan G.; Taylor, Margaret] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Forsman, Eric D.; Biswell, Brian L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Olson, Gail S.; Anthony, Robert G.] Oregon State Univ, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Sovern, SG (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ssovern@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Regional Office; Pacific Northwest Research Station FX For help with locating owls, we thank the following organizations and individuals: USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station (C. Foster, L. Hunt, V. Illg, D. Manson, K. Maurice, P. Radley, D. Rolph, K. Siegal, M. Smith, and S. Smith); USDA Forest Service Cle Elum Ranger District (M. L. Abshire, P. Garvey-Darda, R. Klatt, D. Leversee, L. Neimi, J. E. Richards, S. Sagor, S. Stanger, and M. Teske); Plum Creek Timber Company (L. Hicks); Raedeke Associates (J. Bottelli, D. Herter, C. Holloway, M. MacDonald, D. Maulkin, L. Melampy, M. Rabanal, A. Renkert, H. Smith, W. Smith, and H. Stabins); Washington Department of Natural Resources (H. Graham and S. Grayson); Environmental Services Northwest (R. Gaines, C. Abbruzzese, S. Reffler, E. Sanders, and M. Schnarre); American Forest Resources (J. Jones). Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier draft. This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Regional Office and Pacific Northwest Research Station. In-kind support was also provided by the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at Oregon State University and by the Oregon Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 72 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 78 IS 8 BP 1436 EP 1443 DI 10.1002/jwmg.793 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AS6OP UT WOS:000344382900012 ER PT J AU Marvasi, M Noel, JT George, AS Farias, MA Jenkins, KT Hochmuth, G Xu, YM Giovanonni, JJ Teplitski, M AF Marvasi, Massimiliano Noel, Jason T. George, Andree S. Farias, Marcelo A. Jenkins, Keith T. Hochmuth, George Xu, Yimin Giovanonni, Jim J. Teplitski, Max TI Ethylene signalling affects susceptibility of tomatoes to Salmonella SO MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; DEVELOPING RESEARCH PROTOCOLS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; QUALITY ATTRIBUTES; MICROBIAL HAZARDS; RIPENING MUTANTS; CONSUMED RAW; ENTERICA; PLANTS AB Fresh fruits and vegetables are increasingly recognized as important reservoirs of human pathogens, and therefore, significant attention has been directed recently to understanding mechanisms of the interactions between plants and enterics, like Salmonella. A screen of tomato cultivars for their susceptibility to Salmonella revealed significant differences in the ability of this human pathogen to multiply within fruits; expression of the Salmonella genes (cysB, agfB, fadH) involved in the interactions with tomatoes depended on the tomato genotype and maturity stage. Proliferation of Salmonella was strongly reduced in the tomato mutants with defects in ethylene synthesis, perception and signal transduction. While mutation in the ripening-related ethylene receptor Nr resulted only in a modest reduction in Salmonella numbers within tomatoes, strong inhibition of the Salmonella proliferation was observed in rin and nor tomato mutants. RIN and NOR are regulators of ethylene synthesis and ripening. A commercial tomato variety heterozygous for rin was less susceptible to Salmonella under the greenhouse conditions but not when tested in the field over three production seasons. C1 [Marvasi, Massimiliano; Noel, Jason T.; George, Andree S.; Farias, Marcelo A.; Jenkins, Keith T.; Hochmuth, George; Teplitski, Max] Univ Florida IFAS, Genet Inst, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Xu, Yimin; Giovanonni, Jim J.] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Xu, Yimin; Giovanonni, Jim J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Teplitski, M (reprint author), Univ Florida IFAS, Genet Inst, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM maxtep@ufl.edu FU USDA-NRI AFRI [2011-67017-30127]; FDACS; UC-Davis Center for Produce Safety; McKnight Graduate Fellowship FX This research was supported by the USDA-NRI AFRI grant 2011-67017-30127, the screen of the tomato varieties for susceptibility to Salmonella was funded by FDACS and the UC-Davis Center for Produce Safety. ASG is supported by the McKnight Graduate Fellowship. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1751-7907 EI 1751-7915 J9 MICROB BIOTECHNOL JI Microb. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 7 IS 6 SI SI BP 545 EP 555 DI 10.1111/1751-7915.12130 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AS6TB UT WOS:000344394000005 PM 24888884 ER PT J AU Walker, DM Lawrence, BR Wooten, JA Rossman, AY Castlebury, LA AF Walker, Donald M. Lawrence, Brandy R. Wooten, Jessica A. Rossman, Amy Y. Castlebury, Lisa A. TI Five new species of the highly diverse genus Plagiostoma (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) from Japan SO MYCOLOGICAL PROGRESS LA English DT Article DE Ascomycetes; Phylogeny; Plant pathogens; Systematics ID HOST-ASSOCIATIONS; PHYLOGENY; CRYPTOSPORELLA; RECOGNITION; SYSTEMATICS; ALIGNMENTS; MORPHOLOGY; DIVERGENT; INFERENCE; MRBAYES AB Members of the genus Plagiostoma (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) are plant pathogenic and endophytic microfungi that inhabit woody and herbaceous plants in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. In this study, pure cultures were isolated from specimens of Plagiostoma collected in Japan. Regions of the beta-tubulin and tef-1 alpha genes and the complete ITS regions 1 and 2, including the 5.8S rDNA, were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. Genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition and genealogical non-discordance methods were used to define species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed five previously unknown species of Plagiostoma, which are described and illustrated. These species are associated with host plants in the genera Acer (Sapindaceae) and Salix (Salicaceae). C1 [Walker, Donald M.; Wooten, Jessica A.] Univ Findlay, Dept Nat Sci, Findlay, OH 45840 USA. [Lawrence, Brandy R.] Univ Findlay, Coll Pharm, Findlay, OH 45840 USA. [Rossman, Amy Y.; Castlebury, Lisa A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Castlebury, LA (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lisa.castlebury@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation Partnerships for Enhancing Expertise in Taxonomy [NSF 03-28364]; Sigma Xi Grants for Aid in Research; TriBeta Undergraduate Research Grants; Ohio Biological Survey; University of Findlay FX This project was funded in part by the National Science Foundation Partnerships for Enhancing Expertise in Taxonomy (NSF 03-28364) to A. Y.R. and L. A. C. Additional funding was awarded to B. R. L. or D. M. W. from the Sigma Xi Grants for Aid in Research, TriBeta Undergraduate Research Grants, Ohio Biological Survey, and The University of Findlay. D. M. W. would like to thank Adam Bazinet for assistance with data analyses; Kentaro Hosaka, Shinobu Inoue, Takao Kobayashi, Tsuyoshi Hosoya, Yousuke Degawa for hosting a collecting trip to Japan and Yuuri Hirooka for coordinating the visit; Christian Feuillet for help with nomenclature; Ryan Vo and Tunesha Phipps for technical assistance; and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-416X EI 1861-8952 J9 MYCOL PROG JI Mycol. Prog. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1057 EP 1067 DI 10.1007/s11557-014-0993-z PG 11 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AS5UP UT WOS:000344335200012 ER PT J AU Chen, CX Bock, CH Brannen, PM Adaskaveg, JE Hotchkiss, MW Brewer, MT Wood, BW AF Chen, Chunxian Bock, Clive H. Brannen, Phillip M. Adaskaveg, James E. Hotchkiss, Mike W. Brewer, Marin T. Wood, Bruce W. TI Genetic variability among populations of Fusicladium species from different host trees and geographic locations in the USA SO MYCOLOGICAL PROGRESS LA English DT Article DE Genetic diversity; Prunus; PCR; genetic polymorphisms; population genetics ID UP-PCR; VENTURIA-INAEQUALIS; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; DURABLE RESISTANCE; FREEWARE PROGRAM; RAPD MARKERS; SSR MARKERS; DIVERSITY; DNA; FUNGUS AB Peach and almond scab caused by Venturia carpophila and pecan scab caused by Fusicladium effusum result in yield loss, downgrading of fruit, defoliation and subsequent decline of an orchard. To understand the levels of genetic diversity and divergence of pathogens from different hosts and locations 51 isolates were genotyped and analyzed using 10 RAPD and 5 UP-PCR markers, including 18 isolates of V. carpophila from peach trees in the southeastern United States, 12 isolates of V. carpophila from almond trees in California, and 21 isolates of F. effusum (a related species) from pecan trees in the southeastern United States. The combined marker results showed a low incidence of polymorphisms among the peach isolates (4.2 % of markers), but a higher incidence of polymorphisms among the almond isolates (42.0 %) and the pecan isolates (61.0 %). The Dice coefficient of similarity ranged from 0.932 to 1.000 for the peach V. carpophila isolates, 0.214 to 0.976 for the almond V. carpophila isolates, and 0.528 to 0.920 for the pecan F. effusum isolates. UPGMA bootstrap values indicated that UP-PCR data were slightly more robust and, based on the combined data, the UPGMA bootstrap analysis (1,000 runs) gave a high node value (100 %) differentiating all the isolates of V. carpophila from F. effusum and a moderate node value differentiating the peach and almond isolates of V. carpophila (68 %). The results suggest some divergence between the V. carpophila populations of almond trees in California and peach tree populations in the southeastern United States, and different levels of genetic diversity within the two populations. C1 [Chen, Chunxian; Bock, Clive H.; Hotchkiss, Mike W.; Wood, Bruce W.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Brannen, Phillip M.; Brewer, Marin T.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Adaskaveg, James E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Chen, CX (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM Chunxian.Chen@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-416X EI 1861-8952 J9 MYCOL PROG JI Mycol. Prog. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1179 EP 1190 DI 10.1007/s11557-014-1006-y PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AS5UP UT WOS:000344335200024 ER PT J AU Lin, T Zhu, GT Zhang, JH Xu, XY Yu, QH Zheng, Z Zhang, ZH Lun, YY Li, S Wang, XX Huang, ZJ Li, JM Zhang, CZ Wang, TT Zhang, YY Wang, AX Zhang, YC Lin, K Li, CY Xiong, GS Xue, YB Mazzucato, A Causse, M Fei, ZJ Giovannoni, JJ Chetelat, RT Zamir, D Stadler, T Li, JF Ye, ZB Du, YC Huang, SW AF Lin, Tao Zhu, Guangtao Zhang, Junhong Xu, Xiangyang Yu, Qinghui Zheng, Zheng Zhang, Zhonghua Lun, Yaoyao Li, Shuai Wang, Xiaoxuan Huang, Zejun Li, Junming Zhang, Chunzhi Wang, Taotao Zhang, Yuyang Wang, Aoxue Zhang, Yancong Lin, Kui Li, Chuanyou Xiong, Guosheng Xue, Yongbiao Mazzucato, Andrea Causse, Mathilde Fei, Zhangjun Giovannoni, James J. Chetelat, Roger T. Zamir, Dani Staedler, Thomas Li, Jingfu Ye, Zhibiao Du, Yongchen Huang, Sanwen TI Genomic analyses provide insights into the history of tomato breeding SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; SOLANUM-PENNELLII; CULTIVATED TOMATO; FRUIT SIZE; GENE; WILD; DOMESTICATION; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; CERASIFORME AB The histories of crop domestication and breeding are recorded in genomes. Although tomato is a model species for plant biology and breeding, the nature of human selection that altered its genome remains largely unknown. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of tomato evolution based on the genome sequences of 360 accessions. We provide evidence that domestication and improvement focused on two independent sets of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), resulting in modern tomato fruit similar to 100 times larger than its ancestor. Furthermore, we discovered a major genomic signature for modern processing tomatoes, identified the causative variants that confer pink fruit color and precisely visualized the linkage drag associated with wild introgressions. This study outlines the accomplishments as well as the costs of historical selection and provides molecular insights toward further improvement. C1 [Lin, Tao; Zhu, Guangtao; Zheng, Zheng; Zhang, Zhonghua; Lun, Yaoyao; Li, Shuai; Wang, Xiaoxuan; Huang, Zejun; Li, Junming; Zhang, Chunzhi; Du, Yongchen; Huang, Sanwen] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops, Minist Agr, Sino Dutch Joint Lab Hort Genom,Inst Vegerables F, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Lin, Tao; Xiong, Guosheng; Huang, Sanwen] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genome Inst Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Junhong; Wang, Taotao; Zhang, Yuyang; Ye, Zhibiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Xu, Xiangyang; Wang, Aoxue; Li, Jingfu] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Yu, Qinghui] Xinjiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Hort, Urumqi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yancong; Lin, Kui] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Li, Chuanyou; Xiong, Guosheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, State Key Lab Plant Genom, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Xue, Yongbiao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, State Key Lab Mol Dev Biol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Xue, Yongbiao] Natl Plant Gene Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Xue, Yongbiao] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Genom, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Mazzucato, Andrea] Univ Tuscia, Dept Agr Forests Nat & Energy, Viterbo, Italy. [Causse, Mathilde] INRA, Unite Genet & Ameliorat Fruits & Legumes, F-84143 Montfavet, France. [Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Chetelat, Roger T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, CM Rick Tomato Genet Resource Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zamir, Dani] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Inst Plant Sci & Genet, Fac Agr, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Staedler, Thomas] ETH, Inst Integrat Biol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Huang, SW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops, Minist Agr, Sino Dutch Joint Lab Hort Genom,Inst Vegerables F, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM lijf_2005@126.com; zbye@mail.hzau.edu.cn; duyongchen@caas.cn; huangsanwen@caas.cn RI Stadler, Thomas/B-7286-2009; Lin, Kui/P-4492-2015; OI Stadler, Thomas/0000-0003-4513-8583; Lin, Kui/0000-0002-5993-1972; Fei, Zhangjun/0000-0001-9684-1450 FU National Program on Key Basic Research Projects in China (973 program) [2012CB113900, 2011CB100600]; National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [31225025]; National HighTech Research Development Program in China (863 Program) [2012AA100101, 2012AA100105]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272160, 31230064, 31272171, 31171962]; Chinese Ministry of Finance [1251610601001]; CAAS (an Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program grant); China Agriculture Research System [CARS-25-A-09, CARS-25-A-15]; Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China [201303115]; Major Special Science and Technology Project during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period of Xinjiang [201230116-3]; US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program [IOS-0923312]; Shenzhen municipal government; Dapeng district government FX We thank J. Maloof (University of California, Davis) for providing tomato RNA sequencing data and L.A. Mueller and N. Mends (Cornell University) for setting up a genome browser of SNPs. This work was supported by funding from the National Program on Key Basic Research Projects in China (973 program; 2012CB113900 and 2011CB100600), the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (31225025 to S.H.), the National HighTech Research Development Program in China (863 Program; 2012AA100101 and 2012AA100105), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31272160, 31230064, 31272171 and 31171962), the Chinese Ministry of Finance (1251610601001), CAAS (an Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program grant to S.H.), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-25-A-09 and CARS-25-A-15), the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201303115), the Major Special Science and Technology Project during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period of Xinjiang (201230116-3) and the US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program (IOS-0923312). This work was also supported by the Shenzhen municipal and Dapeng district governments. NR 38 TC 93 Z9 103 U1 42 U2 235 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 46 IS 11 BP 1220 EP 1226 DI 10.1038/ng.3117 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AS2TI UT WOS:000344131900013 PM 25305757 ER PT J AU Rizzoli, R Branco, J Brandi, ML Boonen, S Bruyere, O Cacoub, P Cooper, C Diez-Perez, A Duder, J Fielding, RA Harvey, NC Hiligsmann, M Kanis, JA Petermans, J Ringe, JD Tsouderos, Y Weinman, J Reginster, JY AF Rizzoli, R. Branco, J. Brandi, M-L. Boonen, S. Bruyere, O. Cacoub, P. Cooper, C. Diez-Perez, A. Duder, J. Fielding, R. A. Harvey, N. C. Hiligsmann, M. Kanis, J. A. Petermans, J. Ringe, J. D. Tsouderos, Y. Weinman, J. Reginster, J-Y. TI Management of osteoporosis of the oldest old SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE Ageing; Drug adherence; Fracture risk; Frailty; Malnutrition; Muscle weakness; Osteoporosis; Review ID FRACTURE-INTERVENTION-TRIAL; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; CLINICAL VERTEBRAL FRACTURES; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HIP FRACTURE; ZOLEDRONIC ACID; VITAMIN-D AB This consensus article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in geriatric populations. Specifically, it reviews the risk assessment and intervention thresholds, the impact of nutritional deficiencies, fall prevention strategies, pharmacological treatments and their safety considerations, the risks of sub-optimal treatment adherence and strategies for its improvement. This consensus article reviews the therapeutic strategies and management options for the treatment of osteoporosis of the oldest old. This vulnerable segment (persons over 80 years of age) stands to gain substantially from effective anti-osteoporosis treatment, but the under-prescription of these treatments is frequent. This report is the result of an ESCEO (European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis) expert working group, which explores some of the reasons for this and presents the arguments to counter these beliefs. The risk assessment of older individuals is briefly reviewed along with the differences between some intervention guidelines. The current evidence on the impact of nutritional deficiencies (i.e. calcium, protein and vitamin D) is presented, as are strategies to prevent falls. One possible reason for the under-prescription of pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis in the oldest old is the perception that anti-fracture efficacy requires long-term treatment. However, a review of the data shows convincing anti-fracture efficacy already by 12 months. The safety profiles of these pharmacological agents are generally satisfactory in this patient segment provided a few precautions are followed. These patients should be considered for particular consultation/follow-up procedures in the effort to convince on the benefits of treatment and to allay fears of adverse drug reactions, since poor adherence is a major problem for the success of a strategy for osteoporosis and limits cost-effectiveness. C1 [Rizzoli, R.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Serv Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Rizzoli, R.] Fac Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Branco, J.] Univ Nova Lisboa, CEDOC, Dept Rheumatol, Fac Ciencias Med,CHLO,EPE Hosp Egas Moniz, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. [Brandi, M-L.] Univ Florence, Dept Internal Med, Florence, Italy. [Boonen, S.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Liege, Belgium. [Bruyere, O.; Reginster, J-Y.] Univ Liege, Dept Publ Hlth Epidemiol & Hlth Econ, Liege, Belgium. [Cacoub, P.] Univ Paris 06, Dept Hosp Univ I2B, Paris, France. [Cacoub, P.] INSERM, UMR S 959, Paris, France. [Cacoub, P.] CNRS, UMR 7211, Paris, France. [Cacoub, P.] Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, AP HP, Dept Internal Med, F-75634 Paris, France. [Cooper, C.; Harvey, N. C.] Univ Southampton, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. [Cooper, C.] Univ Oxford, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomed Res Unit, Oxford, England. [Diez-Perez, A.] Hosp del Mar IMIM, Serv Med Interna & Enfermedades Infecciosas, Barcelona, Spain. [Diez-Perez, A.] RETICEF, Barcelona, Spain. [Duder, J.] Atlantis Healthcare, London, England. [Fielding, R. A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fielding, R. A.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fielding, R. A.] Claude D Pepper Older Amer Independence Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Hiligsmann, M.] Maastricht Univ, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care CAPHRI, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Kanis, J. A.] Univ Sheffield, WHO Collaborating Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Petermans, J.] CHU Liege, Serv Geriatr, Liege, Belgium. [Ringe, J. D.] Klinikum Leverkusen Univ Cologne, Dept Gen Internal Med, Cologne, Germany. [Tsouderos, Y.] Inst Rech Int Servier, Suresnes, France. [Weinman, J.] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Weinman, J.] Atlantis Healthcare, London, England. RP Rizzoli, R (reprint author), Univ Hosp Geneva, Serv Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. EM Rene.Rizzoli@unige.ch FU Medical Research Council of UK; Instituto Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation; EU FEDER; US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX Funding was provided by the Medical Research Council of UK (C. Cooper), by Instituto Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and EU FEDER (A. Diez-Perez), by the US Department of Agriculture under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014 (R.A. Fielding) (The U.S. Department of Agriculture wishes to note that the opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Department). NR 179 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2507 EP 2529 DI 10.1007/s00198-014-2755-9 PG 23 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AS3HE UT WOS:000344167500001 PM 25023900 ER PT J AU Rizzoli, R Branco, J Brandi, ML Boonen, S Bruyere, O Cacoub, P Cooper, C Diez-Perez, A Duder, J Fielding, RA Harvey, NC Hiligsmann, M Kanis, JA Petermans, J Ringe, JD Tsouderos, Y Weinman, J Reginster, JY AF Rizzoli, R. Branco, J. Brandi, M-L. Boonen, S. Bruyere, O. Cacoub, P. Cooper, C. Diez-Perez, A. Duder, J. Fielding, R. A. Harvey, N. C. Hiligsmann, M. Kanis, J. A. Petermans, J. Ringe, J. D. Tsouderos, Y. Weinman, J. Reginster, J-Y. TI Management of osteoporosis of the oldest old (vol 25, pg 2507, 2014) SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Rizzoli, R.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Serv Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Rizzoli, R.] Fac Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Branco, J.] Univ Nova Lisboa, CEDOC, Dept Rheumatol, Fac Ciencias Med,CHLO,EPE Hosp Egas Moniz, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. [Brandi, M-L.] Univ Florence, Dept Internal Med, Florence, Italy. [Boonen, S.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. [Bruyere, O.; Reginster, J-Y.] Univ Liege, Dept Publ Hlth Epidemiol & Hlth Econ, Liege, Belgium. [Cacoub, P.] Univ Paris 06, Dept Hosp Univ I2B, Paris, France. [Cacoub, P.] INSERM, UMR S 959, Paris, France. [Cacoub, P.] CNRS, UMR 7211, Paris, France. [Cacoub, P.] Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, AP HP, Dept Internal Med, F-75634 Paris, France. [Cooper, C.; Harvey, N. C.] Univ Southampton, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. [Cooper, C.] Univ Oxford, NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomed Res Unit, Oxford, England. [Diez-Perez, A.] Hosp del Mar IMIM, Serv Med Interna & Enfermedades Infecciosas, Barcelona, Spain. [Diez-Perez, A.] RETICEF, Barcelona, Spain. [Duder, J.] Atlantis Healthcare, London, England. [Fielding, R. A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fielding, R. A.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fielding, R. A.] Claude D Pepper Older Americans Independence Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Hiligsmann, M.] Maastricht Univ, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care CAPHRI, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Kanis, J. A.] Univ Sheffield, WHO Collaborating Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Petermans, J.] CHU Liege, Serv Geriatr, Liege, Belgium. [Ringe, J. D.] Klinikum Leverkusen Univ Cologne, Dept Gen Internal Med, Cologne, Germany. [Tsouderos, Y.] Inst Rech Int Servier, Suresnes, France. [Weinman, J.] Kings Coll London, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Inst Psychiat, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Weinman, J.] Atlantis Healthcare, London, England. RP Rizzoli, R (reprint author), Univ Hosp Geneva, Serv Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. EM Rene.Rizzoli@unige.ch NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2531 EP 2531 DI 10.1007/s00198-014-2830-2 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AS3HE UT WOS:000344167500002 ER PT J AU Hand, C Maki, S Reed, BM AF Hand, Charles Maki, Shinya Reed, Barbara M. TI Modeling optimal mineral nutrition for hazelnut micropropagation SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Corylus; Growth medium; Micropropagation; Mineral nutrition; Minor nutrients; Nitrogen nutrition ID IMPROVED SHOOT MULTIPLICATION; IN-VITRO PROPAGATION; CORYLUS-AVELLANA L; TISSUE-CULTURES; HYBRID HAZELNUT; HIGHER-PLANTS; GROWTH; INVITRO; L. AB Micropropagation of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is typically difficult because of the wide variation in response among cultivars. This study was designed to determine the required mineral nutrient concentrations for micropropagation of C. avellana cultivars using a response surface design analysis. Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) medium mineral nutrients were separated into five factors: NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)(2), mesos (MgSO4 and KH2PO4), K2SO4, and minor nutrients (boron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc) ranging from 0.5x to 2x the standard DKW medium concentrations with 33 treatments for use in modeling. Overall quality and shoot length for all cultivars were influenced by ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, mesos and minors. Reduced Ca(NO3)(2) improved multiplication while higher amounts increased shoot length for most cultivars. Uptake of nutrients varied among the cultivars. Calcium and magnesium concentrations were greater in the shoots that grew well compared to poorly-growing and control treatments. All five cultivars showed improved growth on some treatments and the models indicated that shoots grown on an optimized medium would be even better. This model indicates that NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)(2), mesos, and minors all had significant effects on hazelnut growth and multiplication and should be optimized in future experiments. C1 [Hand, Charles] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Maki, Shinya] Niihama Natl Coll Technol, Dept Appl Chem & Biotechnol, Niihama, Japan. [Reed, Barbara M.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Barbara.Reed@ars.usda.gov OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 FU Oregon Hazelnut Commission; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-044-00D] FX This study was part of a MS thesis by CH and was supported by the Oregon Hazelnut Commission and USDA-ARS CRIS 5358-21000-044-00D. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 EI 1573-5044 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 119 IS 2 BP 411 EP 425 DI 10.1007/s11240-014-0544-y PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AS3ML UT WOS:000344181700016 ER PT J AU Hand, C Reed, BM AF Hand, Charles Reed, Barbara M. TI Minor nutrients are critical for the improved growth of Corylus avellana shoot cultures SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Growth medium; Hazelnut; Micropropagation; Mineral nutrition; Minor nutrients; Nickel ID VITRO PLANT-REGENERATION; IN-VITRO; MINERAL-NUTRITION; SKOOG MEDIUM; MICROPROPAGATION; HAZELNUT; NICKEL; L.; INVITRO; BORON AB Many hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars fail to thrive in vitro on standard growth medium and the reasons for poor growth are not well understood. Our initial study of five C. avellana cultivars showed that changes in the mineral nutrients of Driver and Kuniyuki walnut (DKW) medium, including doubling the minor nutrients, produced improved growth and shoot quality. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the individual minor mineral nutrients from DKW medium and if added nickel was required for optimal growth. Five factors were tested at 0.5 x to 4x DKW medium concentrations, [H3BO3, CuSO4 center dot 5H(2)O, MnSO4 center dot H2O, Na2MoO4 center dot 2H(2)O and Zn(NO3)(2)center dot 6H(2)0], in a response surface design with 39 treatment combinations. Ni was not present in the DKW medium formulation so NiSO4 center dot 6H(2)O was varied from 0 to 6 A mu M. There were many significant interactions among the minor nutrients. Higher concentrations (4x) of B, Mo, and Zn increased overall shoot quality, length, and multiplication. Increased Mo improved some responses for each cultivar, and it interacted significantly with Cu and Zn. The addition of Ni greatly improved the shoot quality and length of 'Sacajawea.' Ni interactions were significant for the other cultivars as well, and altered the requirements for the other minor nutrients, but did not necessarily improve the overall shoot response. Improved growth and shoot quality for most cultivars required increased amounts of B, Mo, and Zn and less Mn and Cu. 'Sacajawea' required increased B, Cu, Zn, and Ni. All of the cultivars required minor nutrient formulations that differed greatly from DKW medium or other published minor nutrient formulations. C1 [Hand, Charles] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Reed, Barbara M.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Barbara.Reed@ars.usda.gov OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 FU Oregon Hazelnut Commission; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-044-00D] FX This study was part of a MS thesis project by CH and was supported by the Oregon Hazelnut Commission and USDA-ARS CRIS 5358-21000-044-00D. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 EI 1573-5044 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 119 IS 2 BP 427 EP 439 DI 10.1007/s11240-014-0545-x PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AS3ML UT WOS:000344181700017 ER PT J AU Desai, M Rangarajan, P Donahue, JL Williams, SP Land, ES Mandal, MK Phillippy, BQ Perera, IY Raboy, V Gillaspy, GE AF Desai, Mintu Rangarajan, Padma Donahue, Janet L. Williams, Sarah P. Land, Eric S. Mandal, Mihir K. Phillippy, Brian Q. Perera, Imara Y. Raboy, Victor Gillaspy, Glenda E. TI Two inositol hexakisphosphate kinases drive inositol pyrophosphate synthesis in plants SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis thaliana; At3g01310; At5g15070; inositol pyrophosphate; inositol kinase; InsP(6) ID PHYTIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DIPHOSPHOINOSITOL PENTAKISPHOSPHATE; POLYPHOSPHATE KINASES; PHOSPHATE; CELL; PHYTATE; SEEDS; YEAST; IDENTIFICATION AB Inositol pyrophosphates are unique cellular signaling molecules with recently discovered roles in energy sensing and metabolism. Studies in eukaryotes have revealed that these compounds have a rapid turnover, and thus only small amounts accumulate. Inositol pyrophosphates have not been the subject of investigation in plants even though seeds produce large amounts of their precursor, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP(6)). Here, we report that Arabidopsis and maize InsP(6) transporter mutants have elevated levels of inositol pyrophosphates in their seed, providing unequivocal identification of their presence in plant tissues. We also show that plant seeds store a little over 1% of their inositol phosphate pool as InsP(7) and InsP(8). Many tissues, including, seed, seedlings, roots and leaves accumulate InsP(7) and InsP(8), thus synthesis is not confined to tissues with high InsP(6). We have identified two highly similar Arabidopsis genes, AtVip1 and AtVip2, which are orthologous to the yeast and mammalian VIP kinases. Both AtVip1 and AtVip2 encode proteins capable of restoring InsP(7) synthesis in yeast mutants, thus AtVip1 and AtVip2 can function as bonafide InsP(6) kinases. AtVip1 and AtVip2 are differentially expressed in plant tissues, suggesting non-redundant or non-overlapping functions in plants. These results contribute to our knowledge of inositol phosphate metabolism and will lay a foundation for understanding the role of InsP(7) and InsP(8) in plants. C1 [Desai, Mintu; Land, Eric S.; Phillippy, Brian Q.; Perera, Imara Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Rangarajan, Padma; Donahue, Janet L.; Williams, Sarah P.; Mandal, Mihir K.; Gillaspy, Glenda E.] Virginia Polytech & State Univ, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Raboy, Victor] USDA, ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Gillaspy, GE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech & State Univ, Dept Biochem, 542 Latham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM gillaspy@vt.edu OI Gillaspy, Glenda/0000-0003-0932-8232 FU National Science Foundation Collaborative Grant [MCB 1051646]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2013-02277]; NSF-REU Supplement FX We thank John York and Ursula Fleig for providing yeast mutants. We also thank John York for inositol phosphate standards, and Adolfo Saiardi for helpful advice on protocols. We thank Peter Svizeny for assistance with the yeast assays. This research was supported by an National Science Foundation Collaborative Grant (to GG, IYP and VR; MCB 1051646), and a National Institute of Food and Agriculture award to GG, IYP and BP (2013-02277), as well as an NSF-REU Supplement (to PS). NR 62 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 80 IS 4 BP 642 EP 653 DI 10.1111/tpj.12669 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AS6KS UT WOS:000344373200007 PM 25231822 ER PT J AU Kovalskaya, N Hammond, RW AF Kovalskaya, Natalia Hammond, Rosemarie W. TI Molecular biology of viroid-host interactions and disease control strategies SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Viroids; Resistance; Ribonuclease; siRNA; Ribozyme; dsRNA ID SPINDLE TUBER VIRUS; CLEAVING HAMMERHEAD RIBOZYMES; RNA-SPECIFIC RIBONUCLEASE; MERISTEM-TIP CULTURE; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED INOCULATION; PROPOSED SECONDARY STRUCTURE; DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; INFECTED TOMATO PLANTS; HEPATITIS-DELTA VIRUS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION AB Viroids are single-stranded, covalently closed, circular, highly structured noncoding RNAs that cause disease in several economically important crop plants. They replicate autonomously and move systemically in host plants with the aid of the host machinery. In addition to symptomatic infections, viroids also cause latent infections where there is no visual evidence of infection in the host; however, transfer to a susceptible host can result in devastating disease. While there are non-hosts for viroids, no naturally occurring durable resistance has been observed in most host species. Current effective control methods for viroid diseases include detection and eradication, and cultural controls. In addition, heat or cold therapy combined with meristem tip culture has been shown to be effective for elimination of viroids for some viroid-host combinations. An understanding of viroid-host interactions, host susceptibility, and non-host resistance could provide guidance for the design of viroid-resistant plants. Efforts to engineer viroid resistance into host species have been-underway for several years, and include the use of antisense RNA, antisense RNA plus ribozymes, a dsRNase, and siRNAs, among others. The results of those efforts and the challenges associated with creating viroid resistant plants are summarized in this review. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Kovalskaya, Natalia; Hammond, Rosemarie W.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hammond, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rose.hammond@ars.usda.gov NR 229 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 228 SI SI BP 48 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.05.006 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AS7NI UT WOS:000344442200006 PM 25438785 ER PT J AU Okubara, PA Dickman, MB Blechl, AE AF Okubara, Patricia A. Dickman, Martin B. Blechl, Ann E. TI Molecular and genetic aspects of controlling the soilborne necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia and Pythium SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Genomics; Innate immunity; Potato; Pythium root rot; Rhizoctonia root rot; Engineered resistance; Rice; Sheath blight; Wheat ID HOMOEOLOGOUS GROUP-4 CHROMOSOME; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SHEATH BLIGHT; SOLANI AG-8; FUNGAL PATHOGENS; ROOT-ROT; BETA-1,3-GLUCANASE GENES; CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT; ANTIAPOPTOTIC GENES; ENHANCES RESISTANCE AB The soilborne necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia and Pythium infect a wide range of crops in the US and worldwide. These pathogens pose challenges to growers because the diseases they cause are not adequately controlled by fungicides, rotation or, for many hosts, natural genetic resistance. Although a combination of management practices are likely to be required for control of Rhizoctonia and Pythium, genetic resistance remains a key missing component. This review discusses the recent deployment of introduced genes and genome-based information for control of Rhizoctonia, with emphasis on three pathosystems: Rhizoctonia solani AG8 and wheat, R. solani AG1-IA and rice, and R. solani AG3 or AG4 and potato. Molecular mechanisms underlying disease suppression will be addressed, if appropriate. Although less is known about genes and factors suppressive to Pythium, pathogen genomics and biological control studies are providing useful leads to effectors and antifungal factors. Prospects for resistance to Rhizoctonia and Pythium spp. will continue to improve with growing knowledge of pathogenicity strategies, host defense gene action relative to the pathogen infection process, and the role of environmental factors on pathogen-host interactions. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Okubara, Patricia A.] USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dickman, Martin B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Blechl, Ann E.] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Okubara, PA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, 367A Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM patricia.okubara@ars.usda.gov FU Washington Wheat Commission [3019-3019-4564, 3019-3564]; USDA ARS [5248-22000-012-00D] FX The authors thank Marc Cubeta and Dilip Lakshman for insightful contributions, and Shelley Jansky for information on potato pre-breeding. This work was funded by grants 3019-3019-4564 and 3019-3564 (P.O.) from the Washington Wheat Commission and by USDA ARS Project Number 5248-22000-012-00D (P.O.). References to a company and/or product by the USDA are only for the purposes of information and do not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 94 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 10 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 228 SI SI BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.02.001 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AS7NI UT WOS:000344442200007 PM 25438786 ER PT J AU Ruhlman, TA Rajasekaran, K Cary, JW AF Ruhlman, Tracey A. Rajasekaran, Kanniah Cary, Jeffrey W. TI Expression of chloroperoxidase from Pseudomonas pyrrocinia in tobacco plastids for fungal resistance SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Chloroplast transformation; Peroxidase; Antimicrobial proteins; Disease resistance; Untranslated region; Transgene expression ID BACTERIAL NONHEME CHLOROPEROXIDASE; 5' UNTRANSLATED REGION; RNA BINDING-PROTEINS; CHLOROPLAST GENOME; TRANSLATION EFFICIENCY; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE; GENE-EXPRESSION; HIGHER-PLANTS; IN-VITRO; PSBA AB The chloroperoxidase (cpo) gene from Pseudomonas pyrrocinia was transformed into the plastid genome (plastome) of Nicotiana tabacum var. Petit Havana and transplastomic lines were compared with a nuclear transformant for the same gene. Southern analysis confirmed integration in the plastome and western blotting confirmed the presence of the chloroperoxidase protein (CPO) in higher abundance in transplastomic plants than in cpo nuclear transformants. Northern analysis of primary plastome transformants for cpo showed 15-fold higher transcript abundance than in the nuclear transformant, yet this extent of enhancement was not observed in western blot, enzyme or bioassay, indicating a bottleneck at the post-transcriptional level. Representative plants from the two transplastomic lines showed resistance to fungal pathogens in vitro (Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium verticillioides, and Verticillium dahliae) and in planta (Alternaria alternata). Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Ruhlman, Tracey A.; Rajasekaran, Kanniah; Cary, Jeffrey W.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Rajasekaran, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM truhlman@austin.utexas.edu; Rajah.Rajasekaran@ars.usda.gov; Jeff.Cary@ars.usda.gov FU Louisiana Governor's Biotechnology Initiative FX This work was partially funded by the Louisiana Governor's Biotechnology Initiative, administered by the Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans. We thank Dr. Henry Daniell (University of Central Florida) for providing the pLD vector, Dr. Alan Lax (USDA, ARS) for his advice on Alternaria alternata cultures and Greg Ford for technical assistance. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 228 SI SI BP 98 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.02.008 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AS7NI UT WOS:000344442200011 PM 25438790 ER PT J AU Goyal, RK Mattoo, AK AF Goyal, Ravinder K. Mattoo, Autar K. TI Multitasking antimicrobial peptides in plant development and host defense against biotic/abiotic stress SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Microbe interactions; Biotechnology; Hypersensitive response; Plant immunity; Reactive oxygen species; Transgenic plants ID LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN; CONFERS ENHANCED RESISTANCE; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; FUNGUS MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; CONTROL PHYTOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA; PATHOGEN-INDUCED EXPRESSION; GENE-MEDIATED RESISTANCE; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; CANOLA BRASSICA-NAPUS; SOFT-ROT RESISTANCE AB Crop losses due to pathogens are a major threat to global food security. Plants employ a multilayer defense against a pathogen including the use of physical barriers (cell wall), induction of hypersensitive defense response (HR), resistance (R) proteins, and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Unlike a complex R gene-mediated immunity, AMPs directly target diverse microbial pathogens. Many a times, R-mediated immunity breaks down and plant defense is compromised. Although R-gene dependent pathogen resistance has been well studied, comparatively little is known about the interactions of AMPs with host defense and physiology. AMPs are ubiquitous, low molecular weight peptides that display broad spectrum resistance against bacteria, fungi and viruses. In plants, AMPs are mainly classified into cyclotides, defensins, thionins, lipid transfer proteins, snakins, and hevein-like vicilin-like and knottins. Genetic distance lineages suggest their conservation with minimal effect of speciation events during evolution. AMPs provide durable resistance in plants through a combination of membrane lysis and cellular toxicity of the pathogen. Plant hormones - gibberellins, ethylene, jasmonates, and salicylic acid, are among the physiological regulators that regulate the expression of AMPs. Transgenically produced AMP-plants have become a means showing that AMPs are able to mitigate host defense responses while providing durable resistance against pathogens. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Goyal, Ravinder K.] AAFC, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. [Mattoo, Autar K.] USDA, ARSs Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), USDA, ARSs Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov RI Zhou, Man/S-4256-2016 NR 288 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 13 U2 77 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 228 SI SI BP 135 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.05.012 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AS7NI UT WOS:000344442200015 PM 25438794 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Pena, RA Jestrow, B Cinea, W Veloz, A Jimenez-Rodriguez, F Garcia, R Meerow, AW Griffith, MP Maunder, M Francisco-Ortega, J AF Rodriguez-Pena, Rosa A. Jestrow, Brett Cinea, William Veloz, Alberto Jimenez-Rodriguez, Francisco Garcia, Ricardo Meerow, Alan W. Griffith, M. Patrick Maunder, Michael Francisco-Ortega, Javier TI Conservation and genetics of two Critically Endangered Hispaniolan palms: genetic erosion of Pseudophoenix lediniana in contrast to P-ekmanii SO PLANT SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Palms; Biodiversity hotspots; Caribbean; West Indies; Threatened species; Genetic diversity ID ISLAND BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT; LORD HOWE ISLAND; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ENDEMIC PALMS; SOFTWARE; MADAGASCAR; ZAMIACEAE; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; DECLINE AB The palm species Pseudophoenix ekmanii (endemic to the Dominican Republic) and P. lediniana (endemic to Haiti) are the only Critically Endangered species (sensu IUCN) of the genus. Results are presented of recent field research and population genetic studies targeting P. lediniana. The field research confirmed that wild plants of P. lediniana are restricted to a single population found along almost inaccessible and unstable limestone cliffs along a ravine in southern Haiti, near Jacmel in the Province of Ouest. The population is composed of six fragments with approximately 71 adults and 2 juveniles. No seedlings were located, and the population is under severe extinction threat because of landslides during the raining season, massive forest clearance, and burns for charcoal extraction and cropping of subsistence staple crops. Seven DNA microsatellite (SSR) loci were used to generate estimates of genetic variation of this species. Approximately one-third of all wild plants (21 individuals) were sampled. Only four of these SSR loci were polymorphic and population genetic coefficients showed that the population is highly inbred. Population genetics results for P. lediniana were compared with those previously published for P. ekmanii. Levels of genetic variation were quantified by number of polymorphic loci and observed heterozygosity. These values were much lower in P. ledinana than in P. ekmanii. The latter species is officially protected in a national park and has several populations, some much larger than that of the P. lediniana population. Differences concerning in situ conservation protection and population size might explain differences for levels of genetic variation between these two Critically Endangered species. Ex situ and in situ strategies for conservation are proposed. C1 [Rodriguez-Pena, Rosa A.; Maunder, Michael; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Coll Arts & Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Rodriguez-Pena, Rosa A.; Jestrow, Brett; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Kushlan Trop Biol Inst, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Cinea, William] Jardin Bot Cayes, Cayes, Haiti. [Veloz, Alberto; Jimenez-Rodriguez, Francisco; Garcia, Ricardo] Jardin Bot Nacl, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Meerow, Alan W.] ARS, USDA, SHRS, Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Griffith, M. Patrick] Montgomery Bot Ctr, Miami, FL 33156 USA. RP Jestrow, B (reprint author), Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Kushlan Trop Biol Inst, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM bjestrow@fairchildgarden.org FU Mohamed Bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund [11252872]; Fairchild Tropical Botanical Garden; Fulbright Foreign Student Program (LASPAU fellowship); FIU FX This study was supported by the Mohamed Bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund (project number 11252872). Matching research funds were provided by Fairchild Tropical Botanical Garden. We thank Paul Sharp for their technical assistance. Rosa Rodriguez received support from the Fulbright Foreign Student Program (LASPAU fellowship) and a tuition waiver from FIU. Daniel Gann provided help with the preparation of maps. Our gratitude to Liz Harrison and Nora Oleas for their help with the population genetic analyses. This is contribution 274 of the Tropical Biology Program of FIU. William Cinea arranged all the required collecting, export, and phytosanitary permits to conduct this study. NR 72 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 25 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0378-2697 EI 1615-6110 J9 PLANT SYST EVOL JI Plant Syst. Evol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 300 IS 9 BP 2019 EP 2027 DI 10.1007/s00606-014-1028-6 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AS3KB UT WOS:000344175100007 ER PT J AU Zhang, MK Zhang, MP Mazourek, M Tadmor, Y Li, L AF Zhang, Ming Ke Zhang, Mei Ping Mazourek, Michael Tadmor, Yaakov Li, Li TI Regulatory control of carotenoid accumulation in winter squash during storage SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Carotenoids; Butternut; Cucurbita moschata; Plastids; Gene expression; Fruit storage ID GENE-EXPRESSION; CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE; POSTHARVEST STORAGE; FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; POTATO-TUBERS; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CHROMOPLAST FORMATION; TRANSGENIC POTATO; CUCURBITA-PEPO; CITRUS-FRUIT AB Main conclusion Storage promotes carotenoid accumulation and converts amylochromoplasts into chromoplasts in winter squash. Such carotenoid enhancement is likely due to continuous biosynthesis along with reduced turnover and/or enhanced sequestration. Postharvest storage of fruits and vegetables is often required and frequently results in nutritional quality change. In this study, we investigated carotenoid storage plastids, carotenoid content, and its regulation during 3-month storage of winter squash butternut fruits. We showed that storage improved visual appearance of fruit flesh color from light to dark orange, and promoted continuous accumulation of carotenoids during the first 2-month storage. Such an increased carotenoid accumulation was found to be concomitant with starch breakdown, resulting in the conversion of amylochromoplasts into chromoplasts. The butternut fruits contained predominantly beta-carotene, lutein, and violaxanthin. Increased ratios of beta-carotene and violaxanthin to total carotenoids were noticed during the storage. Analysis of carotenoid metabolic gene expression and PSY protein level revealed a decreased expression of carotenogenic genes and PSY protein following the storage, indicating that the increased carotenoid level might not be due to increased biosynthesis. Instead, the increase likely resulted from a continuous biosynthesis with a possibly reduced turnover and/or enhanced sequestration, suggesting a complex regulation of carotenoid accumulation during fruit storage. This study provides important information to our understanding of carotenogenesis and its regulation during postharvest storage of fruits. C1 [Zhang, Ming Ke] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Ming Ke; Zhang, Mei Ping; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhang, Ming Ke; Zhang, Mei Ping; Mazourek, Michael; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhang, Mei Ping] Shanxi Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Linfen 041004, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Tadmor, Yaakov] ARO, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ll37@cornell.edu FU China Scholarship Council [20120635008]; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [US-4423-11] FX We thank the members in the Li lab for their help and suggestions to this work. We acknowledge the support of China Scholarship Council (20120635008) to MKZ and MPZ and the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund to LL and YT (US-4423-11). NR 47 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 EI 1432-2048 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD NOV PY 2014 VL 240 IS 5 BP 1063 EP 1074 DI 10.1007/s00425-014-2147-6 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR9SC UT WOS:000343915200014 PM 25139277 ER PT J AU Smith, DM Finch, DM AF Smith, D. M. Finch, D. M. TI USE OF NATIVE AND NONNATIVE NEST PLANTS BY RIPARIAN-NESTING BIRDS ALONG TWO STREAMS IN NEW MEXICO SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE biological diversity; breeding birds; cottonwood; nonnative vegetation; Gila River; Middle Rio Grande; riparian forest; saltcedar ID MIDDLE RIO-GRANDE; UNITED-STATES; SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA; SPECIES RICHNESS; SITE SELECTION; ALIEN PLANTS; HABITAT; TAMARIX; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION AB Nonnative plant invasions are a management concern, particularly in riparian forests, but little is known about mechanisms through which they influence vertebrate communities. In the American Southwest, native trees such as cottonwood (Populus spp.) are thought to provide better habitat for breeding birds than nonnative plants, which are more tolerant of human-altered conditions. To evaluate effects of riparian forest composition on riparian-nesting birds, we examined nest plant use along two rivers in New Mexico that differed in abundance of nonnative vegetation. Of the nests we observed, 49% along the Middle Rio Grande were constructed in nonnative plants, compared with 4% along the Gila River. Birds in the canopy and cavity-nesting guilds constructed less than 5% of their nests in nonnative plants along either river. At the Middle Rio Grande, birds in the subcanopy/shrub guild constructed 67% of their nests in nonnative plants. Despite the relatively low availability of cottonwoods, they were used by greater numbers of species than any other woody plant at either river. Riparian obligates and species of conservation concern in the canopy and cavity guilds were especially dependent on cottonwood and Arizona sycamore (Platanus wrightii). Our results show that, although nonnative trees and shrubs support large numbers of nests for certain birds, cottonwoods and other large native trees are disproportionately important to riparian bird communities. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Smith, D. M.; Finch, D. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Smith, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 333 Broadway SE,Suite 115, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM oregonmax@gmail.com RI Finch, Deborah/H-2876-2015 OI Finch, Deborah/0000-0001-9118-7381 FU Gila National Forest; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Phelps Dodge Corporation; Nature Conservancy of New Mexico; Joint Fire Science Program; Ducks Unlimited; USFWS Bosque Improvement Initiative; University of New Mexico; Rocky Mountain Research Station Competitive Program; National Fire Plan FX We thank K. Brodhead, J. Galloway, D. Hawksworth, J. Kelly, M. Means, S. Stoleson and numerous field technicians for data collection. Land access at the Gila sites was granted by D. Olgilvie, T. Cooper, D. Hooker, J. and S. Runyan, J. Slavec and the Nature Conservancy. Cochiti Pueblo, City of Albuquerque Open Space, Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service Bosque Del Apache National Wildlife Refuge provided access to Middle Rio Grande sites. Funding was provided by the Gila National Forest, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Phelps Dodge Corporation, the Nature Conservancy of New Mexico, Joint Fire Science Program, Ducks Unlimited, USFWS Bosque Improvement Initiative, University of New Mexico, Rocky Mountain Research Station Competitive Program and National Fire Plan. NR 63 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1134 EP 1145 DI 10.1002/rra.2713 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AS0SO UT WOS:000343989000006 ER PT J AU Maltais-Landry, G Scow, K Brennan, E AF Maltais-Landry, G. Scow, K. Brennan, E. TI Soil phosphorus mobilization in the rhizosphere of cover crops has little effect on phosphorus cycling in California agricultural soils SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Rhizosphere; Organic acids; Phosphatase; Hedley fractions; Russell Ranch Sustainable Agricultural; Facility; Salinas Organic Cropping Systems ID P AVAILABILITY; SEEDING RATE; LEGUME; PLANT; WHEAT; FERTILIZATION; PHOSPHATASE; FRACTIONS; POOLS AB Phosphorus (P) is a key limiting factor in many terrestrial ecosystems because most soil P is bound to soil minerals or organic matter. Increasing P cycling rates can increase P availability, including in agricultural soils that receive external P inputs. For example, cover crops may increase P cycling rates via plant uptake and P release during microbial decomposition. Cover crops and associated microbes may also change rhizosphere properties and stimulate soil P mobilization. We studied the potential of legume - fava bean (Vicia faba), vetches (Vicia dasycarpa, Vicia sativa, Vicia benghalensis) pea (Pisum sativum) - and cereal - rye (Secale cereale), wheat (Triticum aestivum), oat (Avena sativa) - cover crops to stimulate P cycling across management practices in two long-term systems trials in California. We measured cover crop biomass and nutrient content, P-mobilizing capacity (pH, organic acids, phosphatase activity) and soil P fraction changes in the rhizosphere. Cereals generally produced more biomass with similar P content compared to legumes, but higher C:P in cereal residues could favor microbial immobilization, delay residue mineralization and reduce P cycling rates. Legumes, especially fava bean, had the largest effect on rhizosphere properties by reducing pH and increasing organic acids concentrations and phosphatase activity. However, these changes in rhizosphere properties had a modest impact on soil P and did not increase soil P availability. Furthermore, we found no strong effect of management practices or soil P concentrations on soil P mobilization. Our results suggest that P mobilization in the rhizosphere of legumes is unlikely to increase P cycling rates in these soils, whereas P uptake and release in cereal biomass could have stronger effects. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Maltais-Landry, G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Scow, K.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Water & Atmospher Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brennan, E.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. RP Maltais-Landry, G (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gmaltais@stanford.edu; kmscow@ucdavis.edu; eric.brennan@ars.usda.gov FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et technologies (FRQNT) FX We thank E. Torbert and I. Herrera for access to field sites at the Russell Ranch Sustainable Agricultural Facility; S. Kolarik, T. Canonico, A. Lindstrom, L. Reji and R. Bergman for lab assistance; T. Fukami and R. Vannette for technical assistance with UPLC; E. Frossard, Peter Vitousek and two reviewers for comments. This research was partially funded by a graduate fellowship to G. Maltais-Landry from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et technologies (FRQNT). NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 62 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 78 BP 255 EP 262 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.08.013 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AS0EH UT WOS:000343950600029 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, V Pacheco, JM Larocco, M Gladue, DP Pauszek, SJ Smoliga, G Krug, PW Baxt, B Borca, MV Rodriguez, L AF O'Donnell, V. Pacheco, J. M. Larocco, Michael Gladue, D. P. Pauszek, S. J. Smoliga, G. Krug, P. W. Baxt, B. Borca, M. V. Rodriguez, L. TI Virus-host interactions in persistently FMDV-infected cells derived from bovine pharynx SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE FMDV; Persistence; Picornavirus; Bovine pharynx ID MOUTH-DISEASE VIRUS; INTEGRIN ALPHA(V)BETA(3); CARRIER STATE; FHA DOMAIN; RAPID SELECTION; TISSUE-CULTURE; CATTLE; RECEPTOR; BINDING; SITE AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) produces a disease in cattle characterized by vesicular lesions and a persistent infection with asymptomatic low-level production of virus in pharyngeal tissues. Here we describe the establishment of a persistently infected primary cell culture derived from bovine pharynx tissue (PBPT) infected with FMDV serotype O1 Manisa, where surviving cells were serially passed until a persistently infected culture was generated. Characterization of the persistent virus demonstrated changes in its plaque size, ability to grow in different cell lines, and change in the use of integrins as receptors, when compared with the parental virus. These results demonstrate the establishment of persistently infected PBPT cell cultures where co-adaptation has taken place between the virus and host cells. This in vitro model for FMDV persistence may help further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the cattle carrier state. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Donnell, V.; Pacheco, J. M.; Larocco, Michael; Gladue, D. P.; Pauszek, S. J.; Smoliga, G.; Krug, P. W.; Baxt, B.; Borca, M. V.; Rodriguez, L.] ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [O'Donnell, V.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP O'Donnell, V (reprint author), ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201; Gladue, Douglas/0000-0002-7894-0233; Borca, Manuel/0000-0002-0888-1178 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, through Current Research Information System Project (CRIS) [1940-32000-052-00D]; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT [58-1940-2-245] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, through Current Research Information System Project (CRIS) No. 1940-32000-052-00D and Specific Cooperative Agreement no. 58-1940-2-245 with the Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. We want to thank E. Hartwig for technical support. We also wish to thank Melanie Prarat for editing the manuscript. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 468 BP 185 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.004 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA AS7KF UT WOS:000344434400022 PM 25216088 ER PT J AU Diaz-San Segundo, F Dias, CC Moraes, MP Weiss, M Perez-Martin, E Salazar, AM Grubman, MJ de los Santos, T AF Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna Dias, Camila C. Moraes, Mauro P. Weiss, Marcelo Perez-Martin, Eva Salazar, Andres M. Grubman, Marvin J. de los Santos, Teresa TI Poly ICLC increases the potency of a replication-defective human adenovirus vectored foot-and-mouth disease vaccine SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Foot-and-mouth disease; Foot-and-mouth disease virus; Replication-defective adenovirus; Vaccines; Adjuvants; Neutralizing antibodies; Cell-mediated immunity; Poly ICLC ID POLYRIBOINOSINIC-POLYRIBOCYTIDYLIC ACID; EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; PORCINE INTERFERON-ALPHA; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 2B; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY; POLYCYTIDYLIC ACID; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; SUBUNIT VACCINE AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. We have previously demonstrated that a replication-defective human adenovirus 5 vector carrying the FMDV capsid coding region of serotype A24 Cruzeiro (Ad5-CI-A24-2B) protects swine and cattle against FMDV challenge by 7 days post-vaccination. However, since relatively large amounts of Ad5-CI-A24-2B are required to induce protection this strategy could be costly for livestock production. Poly ICLC is a synthetic double stranded RNA that activates multiple innate and adaptive immune pathways. In this study, we have tested for the first time, the adjuvant effect of poly ICLC in combination with Ad5-CI-A24-2B in swine. We found that the combination resulted in a reduction of the vaccine protective dose by 80-fold. Interestingly, the lowest dose of Ad5-CI-A24-2B plus I mg of poly ICLC protected animals against challenge even in the absence of detectable FMDV-specific neutralizing antibodies at the time of challenge. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Dias, Camila C.; Moraes, Mauro P.; Weiss, Marcelo; Perez-Martin, Eva; Grubman, Marvin J.; de los Santos, Teresa] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Dias, Camila C.; Weiss, Marcelo; Perez-Martin, Eva] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Moraes, Mauro P.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Salazar, Andres M.] Oncovir Inc, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM marvin.grubman@ars.usda.gov; teresa.delossantos@ars.usda.gov RI Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012 OI Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210 FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; USDA CRIS [1940-32000-057-00D]; Agricultural Research Service, USDA; Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQPD-07-X-00003, HSHQDC-09-X-00373] FX This research was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) (appointments of Camila C.A. Dias, Marcelo Weiss, and Eva Perez-Martin), by USDA CRIS project 1940-32000-057-00D, (M.J. Grubman and T. de los Santos), and by an interagency agreement between Agricultural Research Service, USDA and the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under awards HSHQPD-07-X-00003 and HSHQDC-09-X-00373 (M.J. Grubman and T. de los Santos). The authors thank Fawzi Mohamed, FADDL, for performing a histopathological analysis on the animals that died in the various trials; and the animal care staff at PIADC for their professional support and assistance. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 468 BP 283 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.012 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA AS7KF UT WOS:000344434400033 PM 25216089 ER PT J AU Stavros, EN McKenzie, D Larkin, N AF Stavros, E. Natasha McKenzie, Donald Larkin, Narasimhan TI The climate-wildfire-air quality system: interactions and feedbacks across spatial and temporal scales SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Review ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WILDFIRES; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FOREST-FIRES; MEDITERRANEAN ECOSYSTEMS; WASHINGTON-STATE; CHANGING CLIMATE; PONDEROSA PINE; PROCESS MODELS; WILDLAND FIRE; VEGETATION AB Future climate change and its effects on social and ecological systems present challenges for preserving valued ecosystem services, including local and regional air quality. Wildfire is a major source of air-quality impact in some locations, and a substantial contributor to pollutants of concern, including nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, which are regulated to protect public and environmental health. Since climate change is expected to increase total area burned by wildfire and wildfires affect air quality, which is regulated, there is a need to define and study climate, wildfire, and air quality as one system. We review interactions and feedbacks acting across space and time within the climate-wildfire-air quality system, providing a foundation for integrated modeling and for assessing the ecological and social impacts of this system and its broader ecological, social, and scientific implications. (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Stavros, E. Natasha] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [McKenzie, Donald; Larkin, Narasimhan] Univ Washington, USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Stavros, EN (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM Natasha.Stavros@jpl.nasa.gov FU Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service; EPA-STAR program; Joint Fire Science Program [11-1-7-4, 12-S-01-2]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX Funding for this review has been provided by the Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service; the EPA-STAR program; and the Joint Fire Science Program, project # 11-1-7-4 and # 12-S-01-2. Many thanks for constructive reviews from Ernesto Alvarado, Christian Torgersen, Tim Essington, David L. Peterson, and Tara Strand. The final stages of this research were carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 107 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1757-7780 EI 1757-7799 J9 WIRES CLIM CHANGE JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Clim. Chang. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 5 IS 6 BP 719 EP 733 DI 10.1002/wcc.303 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AS6CZ UT WOS:000344353600003 ER PT J AU Seto, D Strand, TM Clements, CB Thistle, H Mickler, R AF Seto, Daisuke Strand, Tara M. Clements, Craig B. Thistle, Harold Mickler, Robert TI Wind and plume thermodynamic structures during low-intensity subcanopy fires SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Canopy flow; Fire-atmosphere interactions; Heat flux; Low-intensity fire; Plume rise; Prescribed fire ID FIREFLUX EXPERIMENT; DYNAMICS; SPREAD; FLUX; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR; IMAGERY; FOREST; CARBON; MODEL AB This paper presents observational results of wind and plume thermodynamic structures measured during low-intensity subcanopy fires. In-situ meteorological data were collected during the two experiments in the Calloway Forest in North Carolina during the early spring 2010 and winter 2011. Plume updraft velocities between 2 and 4m s(-1) were mostly observed during the subcanopy fires with fire intensity of 1200-2500 kW m(-1). A maximum updraft velocity of 5.8 m s(-1) and maximum temperature of 100 degrees C were recorded at the canopy top due to a head fire. Negative vertical velocities observed within the canopy were associated with cooler air temperatures relative to warm smoke plume temperatures during fire passage at the towers. Increased convection due to the head fire resulted in increased downward transport from above the canopy to the surface. Observed cumulative sensible heat fluxes were 52 kW m(-2) and 169 kW m(-2) near the surface, and larger values were found at mid canopy heights at both towers. The peak total heat flux of 50 kW m(-2) and peak radiative heat flux of 18 kW m(-2) observed in 2010 were associated with a head fire moving toward the sensors, whereas lower values of 19 kW m-2 and 9 kW m(-2) were measured at the tower in 2011 as a result of a backing fire moving away from the sensors. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Seto, Daisuke; Clements, Craig B.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, Fire Weather Res Lab, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Strand, Tara M.] Scion New Zealand Crown Res Inst, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand. [Thistle, Harold] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV USA. [Mickler, Robert] Alion Sci & Technol, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Seto, D (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, Fire Weather Res Lab, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. EM daisuke.seto@sjsu.edu FU Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 09-1-4-2] FX This project was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP 09-1-4-2). We thank The Nature Conservancy (TNC) North Carolina Chapter who put time and effort into assisting us with this project. In particular, we thank burn boss Mike Norris, TNC Fire Manger Margit Bucher, and the TNC fire crew and volunteers. Their support was essential to success of the project. We also give a special thanks to Andy Trent, Scott Gilmour, and Gary Kees from the USFS Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team for help with the installation and operation of our towers and instrumentations. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 198 BP 53 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.07.006 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AR8SZ UT WOS:000343845900007 ER PT J AU Gao, Y Zhu, XJ Yu, GR He, NP Wang, QF Tian, J AF Gao, Yang Zhu, Xianjin Yu, Guirui He, Nianpeng Wang, Qiufeng Tian, Jing TI Water use efficiency threshold for terrestrial ecosystem carbon sequestration in China under afforestation (vol 195, pg 32, 2014) SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Gao, Yang; Zhu, Xianjin; Yu, Guirui; He, Nianpeng; Wang, Qiufeng; Tian, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Yang] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Yu, GR (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 198 BP 81 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.08.004 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AR8SZ UT WOS:000343845900010 ER PT J AU Bailey, BN Overby, M Willemsen, P Pardyjak, ER Mahaffee, WF Stoll, R AF Bailey, B. N. Overby, M. Willemsen, P. Pardyjak, E. R. Mahaffee, W. F. Stoll, R. TI A scalable plant-resolving radiative transfer model based on optimized GPU ray tracing SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anisotropic radiation scattering; Graphics processing units; Participating media; Ray tracing; Tree radiative transfer ID PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION; VEGETATION CANOPIES; REFLECTANCE MODEL; SOLAR-RADIATION; ANISOTROPIC SCATTERING; SPECULAR REFLECTANCE; LIGHT INTERCEPTION; LEAF; VALIDATION; COMPONENTS AB A new model for radiative transfer in participating media and its application to complex plant canopies is presented. The goal was to be able to efficiently solve complex canopy-scale radiative transfer problems while also representing sub-plant heterogeneity. In the model, individual leaf surfaces are not resolved, but rather vegetation is aggregated into isothermal volumes. Using the leaf angle distribution and leaf area density functions, the volumes realistically augment the radiation field through absorption and anisotropic scattering and re-emission. The volumes are grouped to form individual plants, and individual plants are grouped to form entire canopies. The model increases efficiency by performing ray tracing calculations on graphics processing units (GPUs) using the NVIDIA(R) OptX(TM) and CUDA(TM) frameworks, and through efficient algorithms for radiation reflection, scattering, and emission. This efficiency allows for realistic representation of heterogeneity, while also allowing for the solution of problems with very large domains (similar to 10(5) trees) quickly on an inexpensive desktop workstation. Problem execution time scaled nearly linearly with the number of discrete elements in the domain. Model results are compared with experimental data collected from an array of radiation sensors within and above a grapevine canopy and an isolated tree. Agreement between simulated and measured values of shortwave and longwave radiation were very good, with model predictions generally within the expected measurement accuracy. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bailey, B. N.; Pardyjak, E. R.; Stoll, R.] Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Overby, M.; Willemsen, P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Mahaffee, W. F.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Stoll, R (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM rstoll@eng.utah.edu FU National Science Foundation [IDR CBET-PDM 1134580, 1133590, EPS 1208732, AGS 1255662]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [5358-22000-039-00D] FX The authors are indebted to J. Johnson and N. Miller, as well as numerous others for their support with the field experiments. This research was supported by National Science Foundation grants IDR CBET-PDM 1134580 and 1133590, EPS 1208732, and AGS 1255662 and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) project 5358-22000-039-00D. The use, trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication are for information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an endorsement or approval by the USDA or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 198 BP 192 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.08.012 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AR8SZ UT WOS:000343845900020 ER PT J AU Arbizu, C Reitsma, KR Simon, PW Spooner, DM AF Arbizu, Carlos Reitsma, Kathleen R. Simon, Philipp W. Spooner, David M. TI MORPHOMETRICS OF DAUCUS (APIACEAE): A COUNTERPART TO A PHYLOGENOMIC STUDY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Apiaceae; Daucus; germplasm; morphological phenetics; species boundaries; Umbelliferae ID CAROTA SUBSP SATIVUS; INTRON SEQUENCES; CAPILLIFOLIUS; REVEALS; CARROTS; FAMILY AB Premise of study: Molecular phylogenetics of genome-scale data sets (phylogenomics) often produces phylogenetic trees with unprecedented resolution. A companion phylogenomics analysis of Daucus using 94 conserved nuclear orthologs supported many of the traditional species but showed unexpected results that require morphological analyses to help interpret them in a practical taxonomic context. Methods: We evaluated character state distributions, stepwise discriminant analyses, canonical variate analyses, and hierarchical cluster analyses from 40 morphological characters from 81 accessions of 14 taxa of Daucus and eight species in related genera in an experimental plot. Key results: Most characters showed tremendous variation with character state overlap across many taxa. Multivariate analyses separated the outgroup taxa easily from the Daucus ingroup. Concordant with molecular analyses, most species form phenetic groups, except the same taxa that are problematical in the molecular results: (1) the subspecies of D. carota, (2) D. sahariensis and D. syrticus, and (3) D. broteri and D. guttatus. Conclusions: Phenetic analyses, in combination with molecular data, support many Daucus species, but mostly by overlapping ranges of size and meristic variation. The subspecies of D. carota are poorly separated morphologically, are paraphyletic, and all could be recognized at the subspecies rank under D. carota. Daucus sahariensis and D. syrticus are so similar morphologically that they could be placed in synonymy. Combined molecular and morphological data support three species in accessions previously identified as D. broteri and D. guttatus. Molecular and morphological results support the new combination Daucus carota subsp. capillifolius. C1 [Arbizu, Carlos; Simon, Philipp W.; Spooner, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Reitsma, Kathleen R.] Iowa State Univ, North Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System Horticultural Evaluation Grants FX This work was supported by the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System Horticultural Evaluation Grants to D.S., P.S., and K.R. The authors thank Ms. Lucinda Clark and other North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station (NCRPIS) staff for field assistance and John Freudenstein, Richard Jensen, and one unnamed reviewer for their reviews, and Fernando Martinez Flores for pointing out our misidentification of Rouya polygama in our prior papers as the morphologically very similar Margotia gummifera (now Thapsia gummifera). NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 15 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 101 IS 11 BP 2005 EP 2016 DI 10.3732/ajb.1400252 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AS1CC UT WOS:000344013400016 PM 25366864 ER PT J AU Petrujkic, BT Sefer, DS Jovanovic, IB Jovicin, M Jankovic, S Jakovljevic, G Beier, RC Anderson, RC AF Petrujkic, B. T. Sefer, D. S. Jovanovic, I. B. Jovicin, M. Jankovic, S. Jakovljevic, G. Beier, R. C. Anderson, R. C. TI Effects of commercial selenium products on glutathione peroxidase activity and semen quality in stud boars SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Selenium; Glutathione peroxidase; Stud boars; Semen ID SPONTANEOUS LIPID-PEROXIDATION; VITAMIN-E; DIETARY SELENIUM; ORGANIC SELENIUM; SPERM MATURATION; MALE-FERTILITY; SPERMATOZOA; SPERMATOGENESIS; PERFORMANCE; FEEDSTUFFS AB The aim of this study was to determine how dietary supplementation of inorganic and organic selenium affects the selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in blood and sperm of sexually mature stud boars. Twenty-four boars of the Large White, Landrace, Pietrain and Duroc breeds of optimal breeding age (on average 2.5 years old) were used. The study lasted 90 days. The boars were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatment groups: T1 = control; no added selenium (n = 8 boars), T2 = added 0.3 ppm inorganic selenium (sodium selenite, Microgran (R) Se 1% BMP) (n = 8 boars), and T3 = added 0.3 ppm organic selenium (Se-yeast, Sel-Plex 2000 (R)) (n = 8 boars). The concentration of selenium was determined in whole blood and semen, while the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was measured in blood plasma and semen. In order to measure GPx activity in semen, reactivation of the enzymatic GPx activity was performed. The determined selenium concentration in blood was lowest in the non-supplemented group of boars. Blood plasma GPx activity was higher in boars fed organic selenium than in boars fed a diet without supplemented selenium. While the supplementation of sodium selenite significantly increased GPx activity in boar semen. The highest-concentration of selenium in semen at the end of the trial was determined in the group of boars supplemented with organic selenium, somewhat lower in boars fed supplemented inorganic selenium, and the lowest in the non-supplemented group of boars. The only significant difference between the selenite and Se-yeast diet supplementation was observed in the Se concentration of the semen. The supplementation of selenium affected semen quality, and organic selenium improved the progressive motility of the spermatozoa and increased their resistance in hypo-osmotic and thermal tests. The storage ability of short term preserved semen was improved by organic selenium supplementation, as well as also increasing the fertility rate in gilts. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). C1 [Petrujkic, B. T.; Sefer, D. S.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Vet Med, Dept Nutr & Bot, Belgrade, Serbia. [Jovanovic, I. B.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Vet Med, Dept Physiol & Biochem, Belgrade, Serbia. [Jovicin, M.] Vet Sci Inst, Novi Sad, Serbia. [Jankovic, S.] Inst Meat Hyg & Technol, Belgrade, Serbia. [Beier, R. C.] Ctr Reprod & AI, Velika Plana, Serbia. [Beier, R. C.; Anderson, R. C.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Petrujkic, BT (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Fac Vet Med, Dept Nutr & Bot, Belgrade, Serbia. EM petrujkic@vet.bg.ac.rs FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technological development, Republic of Serbia FX This investigation was supported by Ministry of Education, Science and Technological development, Republic of Serbia. Mention of trade names, proprietary products, or specific equipment is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not constitute a guarantee, warranty or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 EI 1873-2216 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 197 BP 194 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.09.001 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AR7TL UT WOS:000343782600018 ER PT J AU Guo, QF AF Guo, Qinfeng TI Plant hybridization: the role of human disturbance and biological invasion SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; conservation; distribution; exotics; genetic novelty; richness ID NORTH-AMERICA; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; SPECIES INVASIONS; CALIFORNIA FLORA; GROWTH FORM; EVOLUTION; INVASIVENESS; INTROGRESSION; HYBRIDS AB AimAnderson & Stebbins (1954, Evolution, 8, 378-388) posited that human activities promote species hybridizations by creating opportunities for hybridization and new habitats for hybrids to persist through disturbances (i.e. the disturbance hypothesis'). While the first part of this hypothesis appears to be well supported, the second part has not been corroborated with empirical evidence, probably because of the lack of appropriate data. In this study, I (1) document the richness and distribution of hybrid plants in the United States; (2) examine the relationships between hybrids of different origins and between hybrid plants and native or exotic plants; and (3) examine possible mechanisms for these relationships and test the disturbance hypothesis. LocationThe United States. MethodsThe richness and distribution of plant hybrids was examined at the county level according to origin, that is, formed between native-native species (NxN), native-exotic species (NxE) and exotic-exotic species (ExE), using data from the Biota of North America Program. ResultsThe three hybrid types (NxN, NxE and ExE) were positively related to each other and showed stronger positive relationship with exotic richness than with native richness. They also exhibited similar spatial patterns, with richness hotspots concentrated in the north-east United States and Great Lakes region. However, the richness of hybrids of exotic origin (ExE and NxE) was not related to county area, as often observed for native species; instead, it showed strong positive relationships with human population density. Thus, the overall patterns of hybrid richness and distribution support the disturbance hypothesis'. Main conclusionsThe results are generally consistent with the disturbance hypothesis. The relationship between the number of hybrids of exotic origin and overall exotic richness provided stronger evidence for human-induced than for naturally caused hybridization, although other possible explanations may also exist. C1 USDA FS, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Guo, QF (reprint author), USDA FS, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, 200 WT Weaver Blvd, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. EM qguo@fs.fed.us NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 20 IS 11 BP 1345 EP 1354 DI 10.1111/ddi.12245 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR9BF UT WOS:000343865200011 ER PT J AU McRoberts, RE Liknes, GC Domke, GM AF McRoberts, Ronald E. Liknes, Greg C. Domke, Grant M. TI Using a remote sensing-based, percent tree cover map to enhance forest inventory estimation SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Stratified estimator; Model-assisted regression estimator; Precision; Forest inventory; Auxiliary information ID NEAREST NEIGHBORS TECHNIQUE; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; POST-STRATIFIED ESTIMATION; MODEL-ASSISTED ESTIMATION; GROWING STOCK VOLUME; IMAGE-BASED MAPS; SATELLITE IMAGERY; AIRBORNE LIDAR; HEDMARK COUNTY; SAMPLE-SURVEYS AB For most national forest inventories, the variables of primary interest to users are forest area and growing stock volume. The precision of estimates of parameters related to these variables can be increased using remotely sensed auxiliary variables, often in combination with stratified estimators. However, acquisition and processing of large amounts of remotely sensed data can be costly and laborious, and stratified estimation requires construction of strata and satisfaction of within-stratum sample size constraints. An alternative to both challenges is to use an existing remote sensing-based, spatial product with the model-assisted estimators. The latter estimators use continuous auxiliary information directly rather than their aggregation into strata and are not subject to such severe sample size constraints. The objective of the study was to compare estimates of mean proportion forest area and mean growing stock volume per unit area obtained using both stratified and model assisted estimators with a remote sensing-based percent tree canopy cover map as auxiliary information. For a study area in Minnesota, USA, the primary conclusion was that estimates obtained with both sets of estimators were acceptably precise, but that the model-assisted estimators were easier to implement and facilitated aggregation of estimates from smaller sub-areas to estimates for larger areas. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McRoberts, Ronald E.; Liknes, Greg C.; Domke, Grant M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rmcroberts@fs.fed.us OI Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 NR 40 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 331 BP 12 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.025 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AR8SH UT WOS:000343844200002 ER PT J AU Weber, TA Hart, JL Schweitzer, CJ Dey, DC AF Weber, Thomas A. Hart, Justin L. Schweitzer, Callie J. Dey, Daniel C. TI Influence of gap-scale disturbance on developmental and successional pathways in Quercus-Pinus stands SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canopy gap; Disturbance; Pinus (pine); Quercus (oak); Succession; Stand structure ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNEVEN-AGED STANDS; LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; HARDWOOD FOREST; CUMBERLAND PLATEAU; COASTAL-PLAIN; CANOPY GAPS; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; NATURAL DISTURBANCE AB Quercus-Pinus forests of the eastern USA cover millions of hectares and span a variety of ecoregions. Understanding the influence of natural disturbance on developmental and successional pathways is important for managers that wish to sustain Pious spp. in these mixtures. Quantifying developmental and successional patterns in this forest type can help assess the need to actively manage natural processes and inform silvicultural prescriptions to achieve management goals. Little research has been conducted on natural, gap-scale disturbance processes in Quercus stands with strong components of Pinus taeda, Pious virginiana, and Pinus echinata. We examined 60 canopy gaps in a Quercus-Pinus forest on the southern Cumberland Plateau in Alabama to document gap formation, closure, and other characteristics and to analyze the influence of localized disturbance on development and succession. The majority of gapmaker trees (56%) were Pinus individuals and 44% were hardwoods. Most gaps (58%) closed by height growth of subcanopy trees. The majority of these gap filler taxa were hardwoods: Quercus (39%), Carya (14%), Nyssa sylvatica (12%), and other hardwoods (15%), with Pinus representing 14%. The number of Pious gapmakers and the number of gaps projected to fill by subcanopy recruitment of hardwoods indicated the forest was in the latter stages of a composition shift from Pinus to a much stronger Quercus component. Significant positive relationships existed between gap size and sapling diversity (r(2) = 0.15, P = 0.002), tree diversity (r(2) = 0.21, P = 0.0002), and total stem diversity (r(2) = 0.29, P < 0.0001) indicating a positive relationship may exist between gap size and diversity on xeric ridge tops where shade-tolerant species are less competitive. We speculated the ridge top positions contributed to the relatively high gap formation rates noted in this study. Pious composition was found to be patchy, indicating a gap-based approach may be used to manage for Pinus recruitment in hardwood dominated systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weber, Thomas A.; Hart, Justin L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Schweitzer, Callie J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. [Dey, Daniel C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Hart, JL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM hart013@ua.edu RI Hart, Justin/B-2535-2010 OI Hart, Justin/0000-0001-6580-0189 FU Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; University of Alabama FX This research was funded as a Joint Venture Agreement between the Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service and the University of Alabama. We thank Merrit Cowden, Stephen White, Jared Myers, Amanda Keasberry, and Jennifer Davidson for assistance in the field, the Bankhead National Forest staff for logistical support, and Michael Steinberg and two anonymous reviewers for comments on a prior draft of the manuscript. NR 113 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 331 BP 60 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.006 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AR8SH UT WOS:000343844200008 ER PT J AU Zarnoch, SJ Blake, JI Parresol, BR AF Zarnoch, Stanley J. Blake, John I. Parresol, Bernard R. TI Are prescribed fire and thinning dominant processes affecting snag occurrence at a landscape scale? SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cavity-nesting species; Forest management; Silviculture; Southeastern; United States; Wildlife habitat ID CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; LONGLEAF PINE; SLASH PINE; STANDS; FORESTS; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; ABUNDANCE; CAROLINA; BEETLES AB Snags are standing dead trees that are an important component in the nesting habitat of birds and other species. Although snag availability is believed to limit populations in managed and non-managed forests, little data are available to evaluate the relative effect of stand conditions and management on snag occurrence. We analyzed point sample data from an intensive forest inventory within an 80,000 ha landscape for four major forest types to support the hypotheses that routine low-intensity prescribed fire would increase, and thinning would decrease, snag occurrence. We employed path analysis to define a priori causal relationships to determine the direct and indirect effects of site quality, age, relative stand density index and fire for all forest types and thinning effects for loblolly pine and longleaf pine. Stand age was an important direct effect for loblolly pine, mixed pine-hardwoods and hardwoods, but not for longleaf pine. Snag occurrence in loblolly pine was increased by prescribed fire and decreased by thinning which confirmed our initial hypotheses. Although fire was not important in mixed pine-hardwoods, it was for hardwoods but the relationship depended on site quality. For longleaf pine the relative stand density index was the dominant variable affecting snag occurrence, which increased as the density index decreased. Site quality, age and thinning had significant indirect effects on snag occurrence in longleaf pine through their effects on the density index. Although age is an important condition affecting snag occurrence for most forest types, path analysis revealed that fire and density management practices within certain forest types can also have major beneficial effects, particularly in stands less than 60 years old. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zarnoch, Stanley J.] Clemson Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Blake, John I.] USDA, Forest Serv, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. [Parresol, Bernard R.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97204 USA. RP Zarnoch, SJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Lehotsky Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM szarnoch@fs.fed.us; jblake@fs.fed.us FU Department of Energy under Interagency Agreement [DE-AI09-00SR22188]; USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station FX Support for this research was provided by the Department of Energy under Interagency Agreement DE-AI09-00SR22188 and by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station. We thank the staff of the US Forest Service Savannah River for their support to implement the inventory and Drs. Lars Brudvig and John Kilgo for manuscript suggestions. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 331 BP 144 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.007 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AR8SH UT WOS:000343844200017 ER PT J AU Stanturf, JA Palik, BJ Dumroese, RK AF Stanturf, John A. Palik, Brian J. Dumroese, R. Kasten TI Contemporary forest restoration: A review emphasizing function SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Reconstruction; Rehabilitation; Reclamation; Replacement; Ecological restoration; Forest landscape restoration ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; BOTTOMLAND HARDWOOD FORESTS; GREEN-TREE RETENTION; DEAD WOOD CREATION; POSTFIRE REHABILITATION TREATMENTS; SCALE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; NATIVE BROADLEAVED WOODLAND; RESTORING TROPICAL FORESTS; MIXED-SPECIES PLANTATIONS; CONTINUOUS COVER FORESTRY AB The forest restoration challenge (globally 2 billion ha) and the prospect of changing climate with increasing frequency of extreme events argues for approaching restoration from a functional and landscape perspective. Because the practice of restoration utilizes many techniques common to silviculture, no clear line separates ordinary forestry practices from restoration. The distinction may be that extra-ordinary activities are required in the face of degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems. Restoration is driven by the desire to increase sustainability of ecosystems and their services and restoration is likely to have multiple goals arising from the motivations of those involved. The process of setting restoration objectives translates vague goals into feasible, measurable targets and ultimately actions on the ground. Our objective for this review is to synthesize the science underpinning contemporary approaches to forest restoration practice. We focus on methods and present them within a coherent terminology of four restoration strategies: rehabilitation, reconstruction, reclamation, and replacement. While not a consensus terminology, these terms have a logical foundation. Rehabilitation restores desired species composition, structure, or processes to a degraded ecosystem. Reconstruction restores native plant communities on land recently in other resource uses, such as agriculture. Reclamation restores severely degraded land generally devoid of vegetation, often the result of resource extraction, such as mining. Replacement of species (or their locally-adapted genotypes) with new species (or new genotypes) is a response to climate change. Restoration methods are presented as available tools; because adding vegetation is an effective restoration technique, the discussion of methods begins with a description of available plant materials. We then discuss altering composition under different initial overstory conditions, including deployment methods depending upon whether or not an overstory is present, how much of the landscape will be restored, and the complexity of the planting design. We present some major approaches for altering structure in degraded forest stands, and describe approaches for restoration of two key ecosystem processes, fire and flooding. Although we consider stand-level designs, what we describe is mostly scalable to the landscape-level. No restoration project is undertaken in a social vacuum; even stand-level restoration occurs within a system of governance that regulates relationships among key agents. Gathering information and understanding the social dimensions of a restoration project is as necessary as understanding the biophysical dimensions. Social considerations can trump biophysical factors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stanturf, John A.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, Grand Rapids, MN USA. [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. RP Stanturf, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM drdirt48@gmail.com; bpalik@fs.fed.us; kdumroese@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service, Research and Development Deputy Area FX We thank the participants of Science Considerations in Functional Restoration: A Workshop for their insights into current restoration approaches and the US Forest Service, Research and Development Deputy Area for partial support. Marilyn Buford and Randy Johnson are thanked for their project support and for arranging, with Mary Beth Adams, the workshop, ably assisted by Joe McNeel and his staff from West Virginia University. We also thank Jim Mann for the figures. We express gratitude to two annonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions that improved this work. The views expressed are strictly those of the authors and do not represent the positions or policy of their respective institutions. NR 604 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 47 U2 255 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 331 BP 292 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.029 PG 32 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AR8SH UT WOS:000343844200032 ER PT J AU Duran, J Morse, JL Groffman, PM Campbell, JL Christenson, LM Driscoll, CT Fahey, TJ Fisk, MC Mitchell, MJ Templer, PH AF Duran, Jorge Morse, Jennifer L. Groffman, Peter M. Campbell, John L. Christenson, Lynn M. Driscoll, Charles T. Fahey, Timothy J. Fisk, Melany C. Mitchell, Myron J. Templer, Pamela H. TI Winter climate change affects growing-season soil microbial biomass and activity in northern hardwood forests SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon; global change; microbial respiration; mineralization; nitrification; nitrogen; soil frost ID FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; FUTURE CHANGES; SNOW DEPTH; CARBON; ROOT; LANDSCAPE; ECOSYSTEM; USA AB Understanding the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to global change remains a major challenge of ecological research. We exploited a natural elevation gradient in a northern hardwood forest to determine how reductions in snow accumulation, expected with climate change, directly affect dynamics of soil winter frost, and indirectly soil microbial biomass and activity during the growing season. Soils from lower elevation plots, which accumulated less snow and experienced more soil temperature variability during the winter (and likely more freeze/thaw events), had less extractable inorganic nitrogen (N), lower rates of microbial N production via potential net N mineralization and nitrification, and higher potential microbial respiration during the growing season. Potential nitrate production rates during the growing season were particularly sensitive to changes in winter snow pack accumulation and winter soil temperature variability, especially in spring. Effects of elevation and winter conditions on N transformation rates differed from those on potential microbial respiration, suggesting that N-related processes might respond differently to winter climate change in northern hardwood forests than C-related processes. C1 [Duran, Jorge; Groffman, Peter M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Duran, Jorge] Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, Ctr Funct Ecol, P-3001401 Coimbra, Portugal. [Morse, Jennifer L.] Portland State Univ, Sch Environm, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Christenson, Lynn M.] Vassar Coll, Dept Biol, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. [Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Fahey, Timothy J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Fisk, Melany C.] Miami Univ, Dept Zool, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Mitchell, Myron J.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Templer, Pamela H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Duran, J (reprint author), Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, Ctr Funct Ecol, P-3001401 Coimbra, Portugal. EM humia20@gmail.com OI Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696; Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890; Morse, Jennifer/0000-0001-8872-4940 FU US National Science Foundation [DEB 0949664, DEB 1114804]; Spanish Ministry of Education; FCT of the Portuguese Ministry of Education and Science [SFRH/BDP/87966/2012] FX We thank Don Buso, Tammy Wooster, Lisa Martel, Kate Shepard, Erica Morgan, Robin Schmidt, and James Burtis for excellent field, laboratory, and data analysis work. We also thank Alexandra Rodriguez and Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo for editing the manuscript and assisting with statistical analysis, respectively. This research was supported by the US National Science Foundation (Grants DEB 0949664 - Ecosystem Studies and DEB 1114804 - Long-Term Ecological Research). J. D. was supported by a Fulbright fellowship of the Spanish Ministry of Education and by a FCT Research Fellowship of the Portuguese Ministry of Education and Science (SFRH/BDP/87966/2012). NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 9 U2 91 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 20 IS 11 BP 3568 EP 3577 DI 10.1111/gcb.12624 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR7MC UT WOS:000343762800023 PM 24796872 ER PT J AU Mattson, E Xu, LY Li, L Liu, GE Xiao, ZG AF Mattson, Elliot Xu, Lingyang Li, Lei Liu, George E. Xiao, Zhengguo TI Transcriptome profiling of CTLs regulated by rapamycin using RNA-Seq SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE CTLs; Memory; mTOR; Rapamycin; RNA-Seq ID T-CELL MEMORY; INTERLEUKIN-7 RECEPTOR; EFFECTOR FUNCTION; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; I IFN; DIFFERENTIATION; APOPTOSIS; SIGNALS; EXPRESSION; IL-12 AB Memory programming of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) by inflammatory cytokines can be regulated by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We have shown that inhibition of mTOR during CTL activation leads to the enhancement of memory, but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using high-throughput RNA-Seq, we identified genes and functions in mouse CTLs affected by mTOR inhibition through rapamycin. Of the 43,221 identified transcripts, 184 transcripts were differentially expressed after rapamycin treatment, corresponding to 128 annotated genes. Of these genes, 114 were downregulated and only 14 were upregulated. Most importantly, 50 of them are directly related to cell death and survival. In addition, several genes such as CD62L are related to migration. Furthermore, we predicted downregulation of transcriptional regulators based on the total differentially expressed genes, as well as the subset of apoptosis-related genes. Quantitative PCR confirmed the differential expressions detected in RNA-Seq. We conclude that the regulatory function of rapamycin may work through inhibition of multiple genes related to apoptosis and migration, which enhance CTL survival into memory. C1 [Mattson, Elliot; Li, Lei; Xiao, Zhengguo] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Xu, Lingyang; Liu, George E.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Xiao, ZG (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM George.Liu@ars.usda.gov; xiao0028@umd.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R21AI095715A]; UMD; AFRI from USDA NIFA [2011-67015-30183] FX We thank Mr. Ken Class for technical assistance. This work was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health GrantsR21AI095715A (to X. Z.) and Startup from UMD (to X. Z.). This work was supported in part by AFRI grant No. 2011-67015-30183 from USDA NIFA (to GEL). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 EI 1432-1211 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD NOV PY 2014 VL 66 IS 11 BP 625 EP 633 DI 10.1007/s00251-014-0790-5 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA AR9FY UT WOS:000343879400003 PM 25113844 ER PT J AU Hughes, HD Carroll, JA Sanchez, NCB Richeson, JT AF Hughes, Heather D. Carroll, Jeffery A. Sanchez, Nicole C. Burdick Richeson, John T. TI Natural variations in the stress and acute phase responses of cattle SO INNATE IMMUNITY LA English DT Review DE Acute phase response; cattle; cytokines; cortisol; gender; breed; temperament ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TROPICAL BEEF-CATTLE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SEX-HORMONES; BOS-TAURUS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; CELL-DIFFERENTIATION; ENDOTOXIN CHALLENGE; FEEDLOT CATTLE AB Activation of the innate immune system and acute phase response (APR) results in several responses that include fever, metabolic adaptations and changes in behavior. The APR can be modulated by many factors, with stress being the most common. An elevation of stress hormones for a short duration of time can be beneficial. However, elevation of stress hormones repeatedly or for an extended duration of time can be detrimental to the overall health and well-being of animals. The stress and APR responses can also be modulated by naturally-occurring variations, such as breed, gender, and temperament. These three natural variations modulate both of these responses, and can therefore modulate the ability of an animal to recover from a stressor or infection. Understanding that cattle have different immunological responses, based on naturally occurring variations such as these, may be the foundation of new studies on how to effectively manage cattle so that health is optimized and production is benefited. C1 [Hughes, Heather D.; Richeson, John T.] West Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Canyon, TX USA. [Carroll, Jeffery A.; Sanchez, Nicole C. Burdick] ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, 1604 East FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM jeff.carroll@ars.usda.gov NR 103 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 19 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1753-4259 EI 1753-4267 J9 INNATE IMMUN-LONDON JI Innate Immun. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 888 EP 896 DI 10.1177/1753425913508993 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA AR8EB UT WOS:000343807400009 PM 24217218 ER PT J AU Simsek, S Doehlert, DC AF Simsek, Senay Doehlert, Douglas C. TI Oxygenated fatty acids isolated from wheat bran slurries SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE GC-MS; oxygenated fatty acids; oxylipins; wheat ID LIPID-COMPOSITION; LINOLEIC-ACID; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; REACTION-PRODUCTS; BAKING QUALITY; FLOUR; STORAGE; OAT; LIPOXYGENASE; SUSPENSIONS AB Oxygenated fatty acids are classified as secondary metabolites in wheat, produced by oxidation of free fatty acids (FFAs). Oxygenated fatty acids have significant impact on the organoleptic and sensory properties of food products and participate in regulation of defense and developmental processes in plants. The objective of this study was to identify oxygenated fatty acids from wheat flour slurries. Wheat bran/water slurries were incubated for 4 h and freeze dried. Total lipids were extracted in chloroform/methanol/water; and methylated and silylated FFAs were analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Seven oxygenated fatty acids were identified, (A) 12,13-dihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, (B) 9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (C) 13-hydroxy-9cis, 11trans-octadecadienoic acid, (D) 9,10,13-trihydroxy-11trans-octadecenoic acid, (E) 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10trans, 15cis-octadecadienoic acid, (F) 10-oxo-13-hydroxy- 11trans-octadecenoic acid and (G) 12-oxo-13-hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, in wheat bran slurries. Our results are important for whole wheat food applications since oxygenated fatty acids can result in bitter flavors in the final product. C1 [Simsek, Senay] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Doehlert, Douglas C.] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Simsek, S (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Dept 7670, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM senay.simsek@ndsu.edu NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 21 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0963-7486 EI 1465-3478 J9 INT J FOOD SCI NUTR JI Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 65 IS 7 BP 803 EP 808 DI 10.3109/09637486.2014.925427 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AS5WH UT WOS:000344336900004 PM 24934850 ER PT J AU Ekesi, S Mohamed, SA Chang, CL AF Ekesi, Sunday Mohamed, Samira A. Chang, Chiou Ling TI A liquid larval diet for rearing Bactrocera invadens and Ceratitis fasciventris (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TROPICAL INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera invadens; Ceratitis fasciventris; larval diet; quality control parameters ID INVASIVE FRUIT-FLY; WHEAT-GERM OIL; LIFE-HISTORY; CAPITATA DIPTERA; HOST; AFRICA; FLIES; PROPENSITY; PARAMETERS; SYSTEM AB Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta & White and Ceratitis fasciventris (Bezzi) are the major fruit fly pests of fruits and vegetables in Africa. The effects of two types of larval diet, liquid and solid (carrot based), on various quality control parameters (pupal recovery, pupal weight, adult emergence, flight ability, fecundity and fertility) of the two fruit fly species were investigated for five generations. The potential to replace two imported ingredients (yeast and wheat germ oil) with inexpensive and locally available alternatives was also explored. Most of the quality control parameters evaluated (pupal recovery, pupal weight, adult emergence and fecundity) for B. invadens reared on a liquid diet outperformed those reared on the carrot-based solid diet. In contrast, even though C. fasciventris was able to develop successfully on the liquid diet, three of the quality control parameters evaluated (pupal recovery, pupal weight and fecundity) were significantly lower over the generations when compared with those from insects reared on a solid diet. Except for flight ability, the parameters of B. invadens reared on the diets subsituted with the local yeast were of lower quality compared with those reared on the liquid diet containing the imported yeast. Corn (maize) and soybean oils were promising substitutes for wheat germ oil in the liquid larval diet of B. invadens without compromising any of the quality control parameters. C1 [Ekesi, Sunday; Mohamed, Samira A.] ICIPE, Nairobi, Kenya. [Chang, Chiou Ling] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Ekesi, S (reprint author), ICIPE, POB 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. EM sekesi@icipe.org FU International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria FX The authors thank John Kiilu, Martin Wanyonyi and Edith Wachira for assistance in the rearing procedures. We are grateful to the International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria, for partial grant support for this investigation. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-7584 EI 1742-7592 J9 INT J TROP INSECT SC JI Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 34 SU 1 BP S90 EP S98 DI 10.1017/S1742758414000113 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AR9DC UT WOS:000343870800012 ER PT J AU Resilva, SS Obra, GB Chang, CL AF Resilva, Sotero S. Obra, Glenda B. Chang, Chiou Ling TI Suitability of a liquid larval diet for rearing the Philippines fruit fly Bactrocera philippinensis (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TROPICAL INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera philippinensis; liquid diet; feeding substrate; sponge cloth; absorbent material ID LIFE-HISTORY; SYSTEM AB In this study, a liquid larval diet as an artificial rearing medium was successfully tested for the Philippines fruit fly Bactrocera philippinensis Drew & Hancock. The biological parameters studied were pupal weight, adult emergence and fliers, sex ratio, fecundity and fertility. The insects performed most satisfactorily if corn (maize) oil was added to the liquid medium. Compared with the standard sponge 'Kalle' cloth, three locally available absorbent materials showed promise as a support matrix for feeding larvae. C1 [Resilva, Sotero S.; Obra, Glenda B.] Philippine Nucl Res Inst, Quezon City, Philippines. [Chang, Chiou Ling] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Resilva, SS (reprint author), Philippine Nucl Res Inst, Commonwealth Ave, Quezon City, Philippines. EM ssresilva@yahoo.com FU International Atomic Energy Agency [13025/RBF] FX The authors are grateful to Ricky Garcia and Flora Isip for their help in the preparation of biological material and for their technical assistance. This project was partially funded by the International Atomic Energy Agency, Research Contract No. 13025/RBF. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-7584 EI 1742-7592 J9 INT J TROP INSECT SC JI Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 34 SU 1 BP S53 EP S58 DI 10.1017/S1742758414000083 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AR9DC UT WOS:000343870800007 ER PT J AU Vera, MT Oviedo, A Abraham, S Ruiz, MJ Mendoza, M Chang, CL Willink, E AF Teresa Vera, M. Oviedo, Andrea Abraham, Solana Josefina Ruiz, M. Mendoza, M. Chang, Chiou Ling Willink, Eduardo TI Development of a larval diet for the South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TROPICAL INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE mass-rearing; bulking agent; liquid diet; sterile insect technique; artificial diet; Anastrepha fraterculus ID CERATITIS-CAPITATA; MASS-PRODUCTION; PARAMETERS; ARGENTINA; BAGASSE; INSECT AB Mass-rearing protocols must be developed, in particular, a cost-effective larval diet, to implement the sterile insect technique against Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann). The key elements of this diet are the optimal nutrients and their concentrations, diet supports or bulking agents, and the pH of the diet. To improve the currently used formulation and develop a more cost-effective diet, in the present study, we evaluated various supports, sugar contents, nutrient proportions and pH levels. Egg-to-pupa recovery was found to increase when agar was replaced with sponge cloth in the diet. Although low, the recovery values obtained when using the sugarcane bagasse-based diet were similar to those obtained when using the agar-based diet, but the percentage of adult emergence was lower. Larval viability was found to increase when the amount of sugar in the diet was doubled. Yet, it is still necessary to evaluate this diet on a larger scale and determine the feasibility of reusing the sponge cloth to reduce the costs of larval diets. C1 [Teresa Vera, M.; Oviedo, Andrea; Abraham, Solana; Josefina Ruiz, M.; Mendoza, M.; Willink, Eduardo] Estac Expt Agroind Obispo Colombres, Secc Zool Agr, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Teresa Vera, M.; Abraham, Solana; Josefina Ruiz, M.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Chang, Chiou Ling] USDA ARS, DKI USPBARC, Hilo, HI USA. RP Vera, MT (reprint author), Estac Expt Agroind Obispo Colombres, Secc Zool Agr, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. EM teretina@hotmail.com FU International Atomic Energy Agency [RC-13015]; Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica [JI-1747, EEAOC-32932] FX The authors thank the International Atomic Energy Agency (RC-13015) for providing financial support to E. Willink and the Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica for providing financial support to M. T. Vera (PICT 2006 JI-1747) and to E. Willink (PICTO 2005 EEAOC-32932). They are grateful to Compania Argentina de Levaduras S. A. (CALSA) for donating brewer's yeast, ARCOR S. A. for donating corn protein (used in the adult diet), and Azucarera Concepcion S. A. Atanor and J. Minetti y Cia. S. A. C. I. for donating sugarcane bagasse. They also thank the reviewers and editors for giving suggestions and comments throughout the revision process, which helped improve the manuscript. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-7584 EI 1742-7592 J9 INT J TROP INSECT SC JI Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 34 SU 1 BP S73 EP S81 DI 10.1017/S1742758414000150 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AR9DC UT WOS:000343870800010 ER PT J AU Qin, WY Raatz, S Zhang, KK Rosenberger, TA Sauter, ER AF Qin, Wenyi Raatz, Susan Zhang, Ke K. Rosenberger, Thad A. Sauter, Edward R. TI Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content May Be Increased in the Milk of Women with Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION LA English DT Article DE breastfeeding; fatty acids; pregnancy-associated breast cancer ID POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; RISK; PROSTAGLANDIN; DIET AB Background: Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is aggressive and difficult to diagnose. High intake of most types of dietary fat is thought to increase breast cancer risk; however, results in humans supporting this premise remain equivocal. Fatty acid (FA) concentrations in the body comprise both dietary intake and endogenous FA production. Most assessments of FA levels have been performed on blood, with little information on the effect of FA levels in breast milk on PABC risk. Objective: This study aimed to determine if FA concentrations in the milk from women diagnosed with breast cancer while nursing were different in the cancer-containing breast and opposite breast. Methods: We quantified 16 long-chain FA and soluble FA synthase (sFAS) enzyme levels from 4 women diagnosed with PABC, comparing results from the cancer-containing breast to those from the normal breast. Results: Fatty acid concentrations consistently exceeded and trended higher (P < .10) in each cancer-containing breast for 20:4n-6 (arachidonic acid [AA]), 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]), and 22:5n-6 (docosapentaenoic acid [DPA]). Soluble FA synthase levels were similar in the cancer-containing and normal breasts. Conclusion: Breast milk concentrations of AA, EPA, and DPA increased in the cancer-containing breast of women with PABC. This increase was not associated with higher sFAS levels. C1 [Qin, Wenyi; Sauter, Edward R.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Tyler, TX 75708 USA. [Raatz, Susan] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Zhang, Ke K.] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Rosenberger, Thad A.] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Basic Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Sauter, ER (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708 USA. EM edward.sauter@uthct.edu FU Avon Foundation for Women FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Funded in part by Avon Foundation for Women. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-3344 EI 1552-5732 J9 J HUM LACT JI J. Hum. Lact. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 30 IS 4 BP 420 EP 424 DI 10.1177/0890334414539576 PG 5 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AS0MZ UT WOS:000343972700010 PM 24938528 ER PT J AU Veldman, JW Brudvig, LA Damschen, EI Orrock, JL Mattingly, WB Walker, JL AF Veldman, Joseph W. Brudvig, Lars A. Damschen, Ellen I. Orrock, John L. Mattingly, W. Brett Walker, Joan L. TI Fire frequency, agricultural history and the multivariate control of pine savanna understorey plant diversity SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fire suppression; Indirect effects; Land-use legacies; Longleaf pine; Pinus palustris; Prescribed fire; Structural equation modelling; Woodland ID SPECIES RICHNESS; PALUSTRIS ECOSYSTEMS; LAND-USE; BRAZILIAN CERRADO; TROPICAL FOREST; CONSERVATION; VEGETATION; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; LANDSCAPE AB QuestionHuman-altered disturbance regimes and agricultural land uses are broadly associated with reduced plant species diversity in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, we seek to understand how fire frequency and agricultural land-use history influence savanna understorey plant diversity through complex relationships (i.e. indirect effects) among multiple biophysical variables. LocationFort Bragg, NC, US, Savannah River Site, SC, US and Fort Stewart, GA, US. MethodsWe use structural equation modelling (SEM) to evaluate the relationships among six groups of predictor variables and their influence on local-scale species richness in pine savannas at 256 sites from three locations in the southeastern USA. In the model, fire frequency and agricultural history are hypothesized to control richness through a combination of direct effects, and indirect effects mediated by resource availability, tree abundance, understorey plant abundance and the O horizon (litter and duff depth). ResultsFrequent fires promote richness by limiting tree abundance, which increases understorey abundance and reduces the O horizon. Frequent fires also limit the O horizon independent of tree abundance. Of the total positive effect of fire on richness, 70% is attributable to reductions in the O horizon and 30% to reduced tree abundance. Agricultural history has a negative effect on richness through a positive correlation with tree abundance, which decreases understorey abundance and increases the O horizon. Agricultural history has a modest negative effect on richness by reducing resource availability as well as a strong direct negative effect (38% of the total effect) that is unrelated to other modelled variables. ConclusionsThrough a multivariate framework and large-scale data set, this study unites and tests our understanding of the factors that control plant species diversity in a fire-dependent ecosystem. We show that the effects of fire frequency and agricultural history on richness are largely mediated through other ecosystem attributes, including vegetation structure (i.e. tree and understorey abundance), resource availability and the O horizon. Persistent, negative effects of agricultural history demonstrate the slow rates of savanna plant community recovery on post-agricultural land and highlight the conservation value of frequently burned savanna remnants. C1 [Veldman, Joseph W.; Damschen, Ellen I.; Orrock, John L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mattingly, W. Brett] Eastern Connecticut State Univ, Dept Biol, Willimantic, CT 06226 USA. [Brudvig, Lars A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Walker, Joan L.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Veldman, JW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jveldman@wisc.edu; brudvig@msu.edu; damschen@wisc.edu; jorrock@wisc.edu; mattinglyw@easternct.edu; joanwalker@fs.fed.us FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [RC-1695]; Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Savannah River, Interagency Agreement [DE-AI09-00SR22188]; Department of Energy, Aiken, SC, USA FX For their help with vegetation sampling, we thank L. Bizzari, C. Christopher, C. Collins, A. Powell and R. Ranalli. Logistical support at the field locations was provided by: the Fish and Wildlife Branch and Forestry Branch of Fort Stewart; the USDA Forest Service-Savannah River; and the Endangered Species Branch, Forestry Branch, and the Cultural Resources Program of Fort Bragg. This project was funded by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (Project RC-1695) and the Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Savannah River, Interagency Agreement (DE-AI09-00SR22188) with the Department of Energy, Aiken, SC, USA. F. Gilliam and N. Welch improved this manuscript with their helpful suggestions. NR 74 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1100-9233 EI 1654-1103 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1438 EP 1449 DI 10.1111/jvs.12195 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AR9CA UT WOS:000343867500013 ER PT J AU Jeong, E Koo, JE Yeon, SH Kwak, MK Hwang, DH Lee, JY AF Jeong, Eunshil Koo, Jung Eun Yeon, Sang Hyeon Kwak, Mi-Kyoung Hwang, Daniel H. Lee, Joo Young TI PPAR delta Deficiency Disrupts Hypoxia-Mediated Tumorigenic Potential of Colon Cancer Cells SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE hypoxia; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; colon cancer; VEGF; IL-8 ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR; GENETIC DISRUPTION; COACTIVATOR P300; EXPRESSION LEVEL; ANGIOGENESIS; BINDING; TARGET; UBIQUITINATION; INTERLEUKIN-8; MACROPHAGES AB Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is highly expressed in colon epithelial cells and closely linked to colon carcinogenesis. However, the role of PPAR in colon cancer cells in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment is not fully understood. We found that expression of the tumor-promoting cytokines, IL-8 and VEGF, induced by hypoxia (<1% O-2) and deferoxamine (a hypoxia mimetic) was significantly attenuated in PPAR-deficient HCT116 colon cancer cells. Consequently, PPAR-knockout colon cancer cells exposed to hypoxia and deferoxamine failed to stimulate endothelial cell vascularization and macrophage migration/proliferation, whereas wild-type cells were able to induce angiogenesis and macrophage activation in response to hypoxic stress. Hypoxic stress induced transcriptional activation of PPAR, but not its protein expression, in HCT116 cells. Exogenous expression of p300 potentiated deferoxamine-induced PPAR transactivation, while siRNA knockdown of p300 abolished hypoxia- and deferoxamine-induced PPAR transactivation. PPAR associated with p300 upon hypoxic stress as demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation studies. PI3K inhibitors or siRNA knockdown of Akt suppressed the PPAR transactivation induced by hypoxia and deferoxamine in HCT116 cells, leading to decreased expression of IL-8 and VEGF. Collectively, these results reveal that PPAR is required for hypoxic stress-mediated cytokine expression in colon cancer cells, resulting in promotion of angiogenesis, macrophage recruitment, and macrophage proliferation in the tumor microenvironment. p300 and the PI3K/Akt pathway play a role in the regulation of PPAR transactivation induced by hypoxic stress. Our results demonstrate the positive crosstalk between PPAR in tumor cells and the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and provide potential therapeutic targets for colon cancer. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Jeong, Eunshil; Koo, Jung Eun; Yeon, Sang Hyeon; Kwak, Mi-Kyoung; Lee, Joo Young] Catholic Univ Korea, Coll Pharm, Integrated Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Puchon 420743, South Korea. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lee, JY (reprint author), Catholic Univ Korea, Coll Pharm, Puchon 420743, South Korea. FU National R&D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [1120120]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [2012R1A1A3004541]; Catholic University of Korea; Western Human Nutrition Research Center/ARS/USDA FX Grant sponsor: National R&D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea; Grant number: 1120120; Grant sponsor: National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Grant number: 2012R1A1A3004541; Grant sponsor: Catholic University of Korea; Grant sponsor: Western Human Nutrition Research Center/ARS/USDA NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-1987 EI 1098-2744 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 53 IS 11 BP 926 EP 937 DI 10.1002/mc.22144 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA AR7MR UT WOS:000343764400008 PM 24610641 ER PT J AU Zheng, XY Cai, DY Potter, D Postman, J Liu, J Teng, YW AF Zheng, Xiaoyan Cai, Danying Potter, Daniel Postman, Joseph Liu, Jing Teng, Yuanwen TI Phylogeny and evolutionary histories of Pyrus L. revealed by phylogenetic trees and networks based on data from multiple DNA sequences SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Pyrus; Phylogenetic network; Rapid radiation; Reticulation; DNA sequences ID CHLOROPLAST DNA; PEAR PYRUS; GENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; GENUS PYRUS; RAPD MARKERS; ROSACEAE; CULTIVARS; DIVERSITY; CLASSIFICATION; CONSTRUCTION AB Reconstructing the phylogeny of Pyrus has been difficult due to the wide distribution of the genus and lack of informative data. In this study, we collected 110 accessions representing 25 Pyrus species and constructed both phylogenetic trees and phylogenetic networks based on multiple DNA sequence datasets. Phylogenetic trees based on both cpDNA and nuclear LFY2int2-N (LN) data resulted in poor resolution, especially, only five primary species were monophyletic in the LN tree. A phylogenetic network of LN suggested that reticulation caused by hybridization is one of the major evolutionary processes for Pyrus species. Polytomies of the gene trees and star-like structure of cpDNA networks suggested rapid radiation is another major evolutionary process, especially for the occidental species. Pyrus calleryana and P. regelii were the earliest diverged Pyrus species. Two North African species, P. cordata, P. spinosa and P. betulaefolia were descendent of primitive stock Pyrus species and still share some common molecular characters. Southwestern China, where a large number of P. pashia populations are found, is probably the most important diversification center of Pyrus. More accessions and nuclear genes are needed for further understanding the evolutionary histories of Pyrus. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheng, Xiaoyan; Cai, Danying; Liu, Jing; Teng, Yuanwen] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Hort, State Agr Minist, Key Lab Hort Plant Growth Dev & Qual Improvement, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Xiaoyan] Lishui Univ, Inst Hort & Landscape, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Potter, Daniel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Postman, Joseph] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Teng, YW (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Dept Hort, State Agr Minist, Key Lab Hort Plant Growth Dev & Qual Improvement, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM ywteng@zju.edu.cn RI Teng, Yuanwen/A-3515-2015 FU National Natural Science Foundation [30871690, 31201592]; Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation from China [LQ13C020001]; Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20110101110091] FX Funding was provided by National Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 30871690, 31201592) Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation (LQ13C020001) from China and Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20110101110091). NR 55 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 80 BP 54 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.07.009 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AR7EJ UT WOS:000343742200006 PM 25083939 ER PT J AU Zhang, C Kellomaki, S Zhong, QC Wang, KY Gong, JN Qiao, YZ Zhou, X Gao, W AF Zhang, Chao Kellomaki, Seppo Zhong, Qicheng Wang, Kaiyun Gong, Jinnan Qiao, Yunzhou Zhou, Xiao Gao, Wei TI Seasonal biomass allocation in a boreal perennial grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) under elevated temperature and CO2 with varying water regimes SO PLANT GROWTH REGULATION LA English DT Article DE CO2; Temperature; Groundwater level; Biomass allocation; Phalaris arundinacea L.; Boreal zone ID REED CANARY GRASS; CARBON-ALLOCATION; BIOENERGY CROP; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; CUTOVER PEATLAND; ORGANIC SOIL; GROWTH; PLANTS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; DIOXIDE AB The aim of this study was to analyze and model how biomass is allocated to the leaves, stems, and roots of perennial grass (reed canary grass, Phalaris arundinacea L., hereafter RCG) under elevated temperature (ET) (+approx. 3 A degrees C) and CO2 (approx. 700 mu mol mol(-1)) and with variable groundwater levels (high to low water levels) in a boreal environment. For this purpose, RCG plants were grown in environmentally controlled chambers over two growing seasons (April-September of 2009 and 2010), and the plant organ biomass (leaves, stems, and roots) was measured seven times over the entire growing season. The results showed that biomass production was mainly allocated to the leaves (LMF) and stems (SMF) early in the growing season, to the stems in the middle of the growing season, and to the roots (RMF) later in the growing season. Compared to ambient conditions, ET treatments increased LMF and SMF, and decreased RMF over the growing season under well-water conditions. Under low groundwater level, ET treatments decreased LMF and increased RMF throughout the growing season, and increased SMF in early periods and then decreased later in the growing season. CO2 enrichment did not significantly affect the seasonal allocation pattern between plant organs. The effect of the groundwater level on biomass allocation was stronger than that of the climatic treatments. In conclusion, plant phenology controlled the seasonal course of biomass allocation in RCG and climatic treatments affected biomass allocation to each of the three plant organs, while the direction and extent of climate-related changes in biomass allocation depended on the availability of groundwater. The influence of groundwater level appeared to be crucial for the carbon gain regarding the production of RCG biomass for energy purpose and the concurrent sequestration of carbon in soils under changing climate in the mire sites used to cultivate RCG. C1 [Zhang, Chao; Kellomaki, Seppo; Gong, Jinnan; Qiao, Yunzhou; Zhou, Xiao] Univ Eastern Finland, Sch Forest Sci, Joensuu 80101, Finland. [Zhang, Chao; Gao, Wei] E China Normal Univ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Minist Educ, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Zhong, Qicheng; Wang, Kaiyun; Gong, Jinnan] E China Normal Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Urban Ecol Proc & Ecorestorat, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Zhang, C (reprint author), Univ Eastern Finland, Sch Forest Sci, Joensuu 80101, Finland. EM zhangchao@geo.ecnu.edu.cn RI Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016; OI Zhou, Xiao/0000-0002-3130-4176 FU Academy of Finland [127299-A5060-06]; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) by the State Provincial Office of Eastern Finland FX This work was funded by the Finnish Distinguished Professor Program (FiDiPro) (2008-2012) of the Academy of Finland (No.127299-A5060-06). The environmentally controlled chambers were funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) granted by the State Provincial Office of Eastern Finland. Matti Lemettinen, Alpo Hassinen, and Risto Ikonen, and the Mekrijarvi Research Station, University of Eastern Finland, are thanked for technical assistance and support regarding the experimental infrastructure. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6903 EI 1573-5087 J9 PLANT GROWTH REGUL JI Plant Growth Regul. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 74 IS 2 BP 153 EP 164 DI 10.1007/s10725-014-9907-y PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR9HH UT WOS:000343883500005 ER PT J AU Poinar, G Thomas, DB AF Poinar, George, Jr. Thomas, Donald B. TI Tripius gyraloura n. sp (Aphelenchoidea: Sphaerulariidae) parasitic in the gall midge Lasioptera donacis Coutin (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) SO SYSTEMATIC PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A new nematode, Tripius gyraloura n. sp., is described from the arundo gall midge, Lasioptera donacis Coutin (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). This gall midge is being considered as a biological control agent for use in North America against the introduced giant reed Arundo donax (L.) (Poaceae: Cyperales). Thus the present study was initiated to investigate a nematode parasite that was unknown at the time studies with L. donacis were initiated. The new species has a rapid development in the fly host and the mature parasitic female nematodes evert their uterine cells in the hosts' hemolymph. Because large numbers of nematodes sterilise the host, eradication of the parasite from laboratory colonies of the midge may be necessary before populations of the fly are released. C1 [Poinar, George, Jr.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Thomas, Donald B.] USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78596 USA. RP Poinar, G (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM poinarg@science.oregonstate.edu FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security FX The authors thank Ray Gagne for providing systematic information on the two gall midge species parasitised by Tripius nematodes. Financial support for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Specimens of Lasioptera donacis and Arundo donax were imported under permit from USDA-APHIS-PPQ which also provided access to the quarantine facility in Texas. Massimo Cristofaro, Javid Kashefi and Alan Kirk collected and shipped the material from Europe used in these studies. Crystal Salinas and Selina Ramirez provided assistance with colony maintenance and specimen collections. We are especially grateful to John Goolsby for logistical support. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA, an equal opportunity employer. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-5752 EI 1573-5192 J9 SYST PARASITOL JI Syst. Parasitol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1007/s11230-014-9524-1 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AR6UA UT WOS:000343717400005 PM 25301513 ER PT J AU Sawhney, P Condon, B Allen, C Reynolds, M Slopek, R AF Sawhney, Paul Condon, Brian Allen, Chuck Reynolds, Michael Slopek, Ryan TI Bleaching of hydroentangled greige cotton nonwoven fabrics without scouring SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydroentanglement of greige cotton fibers; nonwoven fabrics; scour-less bleaching; whiteness; absorbency; wax content; fabric properties ID ALKALINE; WAX AB Previous research had shown that processing greige cotton on a commercial-grade hydroentanglement (HE) system at a water pressure greater than 120 bar resulted in a low-weight hydrophilic nonwoven fabric. With that ability to make hydrophobic greige cotton easily wettable and hence absorbent without the conventional scouring phase, an investigation was conducted to determine whether a fabric made by hydroentangling greige cotton fibers at a high water pressure could be successfully bleached without the traditional scouring. The investigation involved production of greige cotton nonwoven fabrics at a low hydroentangling water pressure of 60 bar and at a high hydroentangling water pressure of 135 bar and their subsequent evaluations before and after scour only, one-stage bleach only, and two-stage scour and bleach. In the results, both the 60 bar and 135 bar fabrics bleached successfully in the two-stage bleaching process and yielded acceptable absorbency and whiteness values. However, when bleached in the single-stage bleaching process with no separate scour, the 135 bar fabric still produced the whiteness index almost equal to that obtained in the two-stage bleaching process and even equal to that of a fabric made with commercially scoured and bleached cotton fibers, but the 60 bar fabric yielded about 15% lower whiteness index value while its wettability-induced improved water absorbency still was comparable to that obtained via the two-stage bleaching. This shows that a hydroentangled greige cotton fabric produced at a high enough water pressure (hydro energy) could be bleached satisfactorily without the traditional scouring chemicals and that a fabric produced even at a lower water pressure and bleached without scouring could still be satisfactory for subsequent aqueous treatments for certain end-use applications where the whiteness may not be as critical as the absorbency. C1 [Sawhney, Paul; Condon, Brian; Allen, Chuck; Reynolds, Michael; Slopek, Ryan] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Sawhney, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM ap.singh@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service in-House Project [6435-41000-094-00D] FX The work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service in-House Project No. 6435-41000-094-00D. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 84 IS 18 BP 1931 EP 1938 DI 10.1177/0040517514532162 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AR7NX UT WOS:000343767600003 ER PT J AU Faris, JD Zhang, QJ Chao, SM Zhang, ZC Xu, SS AF Faris, Justin D. Zhang, Qijun Chao, Shiaoman Zhang, Zengcui Xu, Steven S. TI Analysis of agronomic and domestication traits in a durum x cultivated emmer wheat population using a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism-based linkage map SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; FREE-THRESHING HABIT; MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS; SPIKE-RELATED TRAITS; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; YIELD COMPONENTS; SPRING WHEAT; QTL-ANALYSIS AB Development of a high-density SNP map and evaluation of QTL shed light on domestication events in tetraploid wheat and the potential utility of cultivated emmer wheat for durum wheat improvement. Cultivated emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum) is tetraploid and considered as one of the eight founder crops that spawned the Agricultural Revolution about 10,000 years ago. Cultivated emmer has non-free-threshing seed and a somewhat fragile rachis, but mutations in genes governing these and other agronomic traits occurred that led to the formation of today's fully domesticated durum wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum). Here, we evaluated a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between a cultivated emmer accession and a durum wheat variety. A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genetic linkage map consisting of 2,593 markers was developed for the identification of quantitative trait loci. The major domestication gene Q had profound effects on spike length and compactness, rachis fragility, and threshability as expected. The cultivated emmer parent contributed increased spikelets per spike, and the durum parent contributed higher kernel weight, which led to the identification of some RILs that had significantly higher grain weight per spike than either parent. Threshability was governed not only by the Q locus, but other loci as well including Tg-B1 on chromosome 2B and a putative Tg-A1 locus on chromosome 2A indicating that mutations in the Tg loci occurred during the transition of cultivated emmer to the fully domesticated tetraploid. These results not only shed light on the events that shaped wheat domestication, but also demonstrate that cultivated emmer is a useful source of genetic variation for the enhancement of durum varieties. C1 [Faris, Justin D.; Chao, Shiaoman; Zhang, Zengcui; Xu, Steven S.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Red River Valley Agr Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Faris, Justin D.] USDA ARS, NCSL, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Zhang, Qijun] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Faris, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCSL, 1605 Albrecht BLVD, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM justin.faris@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [5442-22000-037-00D] FX The authors thank Ms. Breanna Oldenburg and Ms. Megan Stoley for technical assistance. This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5442-22000-037-00D. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 127 IS 11 BP 2333 EP 2348 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2380-1 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AS5YY UT WOS:000344343500004 PM 25186168 ER PT J AU Zhou, XL Han, DJ Chen, XM Gou, HL Guo, SJ Rong, L Wang, QL Huang, LL Kang, ZS AF Zhou, X. L. Han, D. J. Chen, X. M. Gou, H. L. Guo, S. J. Rong, L. Wang, Q. L. Huang, L. L. Kang, Z. S. TI Characterization and molecular mapping of stripe rust resistance gene Yr61 in winter wheat cultivar Pindong 34 SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; UNITED-STATES; AESTIVUM L.; EVOLUTION; BARLEY; CHINA; LEAF AB We report a new stripe rust resistance gene on chromosome 7AS in wheat and molecular markers useful for transferring it to other wheat genotypes. Several new races of the stripe rust pathogen have established throughout the wheat growing regions of China in recent years. These new races are virulent to most of the designated seedling resistance genes limiting the resistance sources. It is necessary to identify new genes for diversification and for pyramiding different resistance genes in order to achieve more durable resistance. We report here the identification of a new resistance gene, designated as Yr61, in Chinese wheat cultivar Pindong 34. A mapping population of 208 F-2 plants and 128 derived F-2:3 lines in a cross between Mingxian 169 and Pindong 34 was evaluated for seedling stripe rust response. A genetic map consisting of eight resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP), two sequence-tagged site (STS) and four simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed. Yr61 was located on the short arm of chromosome 7A and flanked by RGAP markers Xwgp5467 and Xwgp5765 about 1.9 and 3.9 cM in distance, which were successfully converted into STS markers STS5467 and STS5765b, respectively. The flanking STS markers could be used for marker-assisted selection of Yr61 in breeding programs. C1 [Zhou, X. L.; Han, D. J.; Gou, H. L.; Guo, S. J.; Rong, L.; Wang, Q. L.; Huang, L. L.; Kang, Z. S.] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhou, X. L.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Han, D. J.; Gou, H. L.; Guo, S. J.; Rong, L.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Agron, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wang, Q. L.; Huang, L. L.; Kang, Z. S.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127700]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31201497]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M512036]; 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This study was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127700), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201497), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2012M512036), and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (No. B07049). The authors are grateful for critical review of the manuscript by Prof. R. A. McIntosh. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 127 IS 11 BP 2349 EP 2358 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2381-0 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AS5YY UT WOS:000344343500005 PM 25163935 ER PT J AU Yang, YZ Labate, JA Liang, ZC Cousins, P Prins, B Preece, JE Aradhya, M Zhong, GY AF Yang, Yingzhen Labate, Joanne A. Liang, Zhenchang Cousins, Peter Prins, Bernard Preece, John E. Aradhya, Mallikarjuna Zhong, Gan-Yuan TI Multiple loss-of-function 5-O-glucosyltransferase alleles revealed in Vitis vinifera, but not in other Vitis species SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID COLOR STABILITY; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GRAPE CULTIVARS; RIPE BERRIES; RED WINE; ANTHOCYANINS; ROTUNDIFOLIA; 3,5-DIGLUCOSIDE; GENE AB Wild and loss-of-function alleles of the 5 - O - glucosyltransferase gene responsible for synthesis of diglucoside anthocyanins in Vitis were characterized. The information aids marker development for tracking this gene in grape breeding. Anthocyanins in red grapes are present in two glycosylation states: monoglucoside (3-O-glucoside) and diglucoside (3, 5-di-O-glucoside). While monoglucoside anthocyanins are present in all pigmented grapes, diglucoside anthocyanins are rarely found in the cultivated grape species Vitis vinifera. Biochemically 3-O-glucoside anthocyanins can be converted into 3,5-di-O-glucoside anthocyanins by a 5-O-glucosyltransferase. In this study, we surveyed allelic variation of the 5-O-glucosyltransferase gene (5GT) in 70 V. vinifera ssp. vinifera cultivars, 52 V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris accessions, 23 Vitis hybrid grapes, and 22 accessions of seven other Vitis species. Eighteen 5GT alleles with apparent loss-of-function mutations, including seven premature stop codon mutations and six frameshift indel mutations, were discovered in V. vinifera, but not in the other Vitis species. A total of 36 5GT alleles without apparent loss-of-function mutations (W-type) were identified. These W-type alleles were predominantly present in wild Vitis species, although a few of them were also found in some V. vinifera accessions. We further evaluated some of these 5GT alleles in producing diglucoside anthocyanins by analyzing the content of diglucoside anthocyanins in a set of representative V. vinifera cultivars. Through haplotype network analysis we revealed that V. vinifera ssp. vinifera and its wild progenitor V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris shared many loss-of-function 5GT alleles and extensive divergence of the 5GT alleles was evident within V. vinifera. This work advances our understanding of the genetic diversity of 5GT and provides a molecular basis for future marker-assisted selection for improving this important wine quality trait. C1 [Yang, Yingzhen; Cousins, Peter; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Labate, Joanne A.; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Liang, Zhenchang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Prins, Bernard; Preece, John E.; Aradhya, Mallikarjuna] UCD, USDA Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zhong, GY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM ganyuan.zhong@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, CRIS Project [1910-21000-020-00D] FX We wish to thank Andy Humiston of Department of Horticulture, Cornell University for providing his assistance in HPLC analysis of anthocyanins and Thomas Chao, Dawn Dellefave and Bill Srmack of USDA-ARS, Plant Genetic Resources Unit for their assistance in collecting tissue samples from the USDA-ARS Geneva Vitis Clonal Repository. USDA-ARS is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. This project was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, CRIS Project Number 1910-21000-020-00D. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 127 IS 11 BP 2433 EP 2451 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2388-6 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AS5YY UT WOS:000344343500011 PM 25208644 ER PT J AU Millner, P Ingram, D Mulbry, W Arikan, OA AF Millner, Patricia Ingram, David Mulbry, Walter Arikan, Osman A. TI Pathogen reduction in minimally managed composting of bovine manure SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Composting; Listeria; Manure; E. coli; Salmonella ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; COW MANURE; DESTRUCTION; BIOSOLIDS; SURVIVAL; STORAGE; FATE AB Spread of manure pathogens is of considerable concern due to use of manure for land application. In this study, the effects of four static pile treatment options for bovine manure on die-off of a generic Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 surrogate, Salmonella Senftenberg, Salm. Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes were evaluated. Bovine manure spiked with these bacteria were placed in cassettes at the top, middle, and bottom sections of four static pile treatments that reflect minimal changes in pile construction with and without straw. Temperatures were monitored continuously during the 28 day self-heating period. E. coli and salmonellae were reduced from 8 to 9 log(10) CFU g(-1) to undetectable levels (<1.77 log(10) MPN g(-1)) at 25-30 cm depths within 7 days in all pile sections except for the manure-only pile in which 3-4 logs of reduction were obtained. No L monocytogenes initially present at 6.62 log(10) CFU g(-1) were recovered from straw-amended piles after 14 days, in contrast with manure-only treatment in which this pathogen was recovered even at 28 days. Decline of target bacterial populations corresponded to exposure to temperatures above 45 degrees C for more than 3 days and amendments of manure with straw to increase thermophilic zones. Use of straw to increase aeration, self-heating capacity, and heat retention in manure piles provides producers a minimal management option for composting that enhances pathogen die-off and thereby reduces risk of environmental spread when manure is applied to land. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Millner, Patricia; Ingram, David] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mulbry, Walter; Arikan, Osman A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Arikan, Osman A.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Mulbry, W (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Bldg 308, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM walter.mulbry@ars.usda.gov RI ARIKAN, OSMAN/F-1193-2015 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 34 IS 11 BP 1992 EP 1999 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.07.021 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR8QY UT WOS:000343840800011 PM 25151442 ER PT J AU Johnson, JD Pettis, JS AF Johnson, J. D. Pettis, J. S. TI A Survey of Imidacloprid Levels in Water Sources Potentially Frequented by Honeybees (Apis mellifera) in the Eastern USA SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Pesticide; Surfacewater; Honeybees; Imidacloprid; Pollution ID NEONICOTINOID INSECTICIDES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY; BEES; METABOLITES; PERSISTENCE; HYMENOPTERA; CALIFORNIA; SORPTION; SOILS AB Imidacloprid, a water-soluble neonicotinoid pesticide used globally in many applications, has been the subject of numerous studies (1) to determine its sublethal effects (5-100 ppb, LD50 similar to 200 ppb) on honeybees. This study was undertaken to determine, by ELISA assay, the presence of imidacloprid in water sources potentially frequented by honeybees in urban, suburban, and rural environments across the state of Maryland. Eighteen sites (six samples/site) were chosen which spanned diverse habitats including golf courses, nursery, livestock and crop farms, residential neighborhoods, and cityscapes. Hives were present either at or within 0.5 miles of each site. Imidacloprid was quantifiable in 8 % of the samples at sublethal levels (7-131 ppb). They were not clustered at any one type of site. Results for 13 % of the samples were at the threshold of detection; all others were below the detection limit of the assay (<0.2 ppb). C1 [Johnson, J. D.; Pettis, J. S.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Johnson, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM johnsonjody05@gmail.com FU North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC); USDA Bee Research Lab, Beltsville, MD FX Research was conducted under the supervision of Katherine Squibb at the University of Maryland, Baltimore. Hearty thanks are extended to the beekeepers, businesses, and property owners who kindly allowed water sampling on their properties. Special thanks are due to Hanna Wingard at the Otis ANGB Lab and Amanda Canady at the Gastonia Lab for sample analysis. This work was graciously funded by North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC) and the USDA Bee Research Lab, Beltsville, MD, and was completed within 1 year of funding. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 225 IS 11 AR 2127 DI 10.1007/s11270-014-2127-2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA AR9RO UT WOS:000343913200005 PM 25477698 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Tost, BC AF Allred, Barry J. Tost, Brian C. TI Laboratory Comparison of Four Iron-Based Filter Materials for Water Treatment of Trace Element Contaminants SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE trace elements; iron-based filter materials; water treatment ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; EVAPORATION PONDS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; FLY-ASH; REMOVAL; ARSENATE; GROUNDWATER; MECHANISM; METALS; REMEDIATION AB A laboratory investigation provided preliminary comparison of trace element contaminant water treatment capabilities for four iron-based filter materials. The iron-based filter materials tested were zero-valent iron (ZVI), porous iron composite (PIC), sulfur modified iron (SMI), and iron oxide/hydroxide (IOH). Two types of trace element contaminant solutions were tested, one combined As, Cr, and Se (added as AsO43-, CrO42-, and SeO42-, respectively), while the second combined Cd2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+. The laboratory investigation included saturated falling-head hydraulic conductivity tests, contaminant removal-desorption/dissolution batch tests, and low-to-high flow rate saturated solute transport column tests. Hydraulic conductivity test results indicate that all four iron-based filter materials have sufficient water flow capacity as indicated by saturated hydraulic conductivity values greater than 1 x 10(-2) cm/s. Essentially, 100% of each trace element (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Se) was removed by SMI during the contaminant removal portion of the batch tests and during the column tests, while IOH exhibited good removal of each trace element except Se. Results from the contaminant removal portion of the batch tests and from the column tests showed ZVI and PIC were effective in treating Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb. With the exception of Se adsorption/precipitation onto IOH, the desorption/dissolution portion of the batch tests showed that once As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, or Se are adsorbed/precipitated onto ZVI, PIC, SMI, or IOH particle surfaces, these trace elements are then not readily desorbed or dissolved back into solution. C1 [Allred, Barry J.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Tost, Brian C.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,Room 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Barry.Allred@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 EI 1554-7531 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 86 IS 11 BP 2221 EP 2232 DI 10.2175/106143014X14062131178556 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AR9SA UT WOS:000343915000008 PM 25509527 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Ralph, SA Reiner, RS Moore, RK Baez, C AF Agarwal, Umesh P. Ralph, Sally A. Reiner, Richard S. Moore, Roderquita K. Baez, Carlos TI Impacts of fiber orientation and milling on observed crystallinity in jack pine SO WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FT-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; CELLULOSE CRYSTALLINITY; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; WOOD AB Influences of fiber orientation and milling on wood cellulose crystallinity were studied using jack pine wood. The fiber orientation effects were measured by sampling rectangular wood blocks in radial, tangential, and cross-sectional orientations. The influence of milling was studied by analyzing the unsieved and sieved milled wood fractions (all < 1,000 mu m). Fiber orientation effect was manifested in both X-ray and Raman measurements and was dependent upon the orientation of the sampled wood blocks. In Raman, the observed crystallinity was similar between the blocks sampled on the tangential and the radial faces. However, the estimated values were 5.5 % lower compared to that measured in a powdered sample pellet. Moreover, in these sampling modes, the orientation of the block with respect to the direction of the electric vector of the laser made a difference only for the tangential mode of sampling. When a wood block was sampled on the cross-sectional face, the observed Raman crystallinity was 3.9 % higher from that of the pellet. The observed crystallinity did not significantly differ with change in sample orientation with respect to the electric vector direction. In contrast, the Segal-WAXS study of the blocks indicated that compared to the pellet, the estimated crystallinities in the radial, tangential, and cross-sectional sampling modes were 5, 2, and 11 % lower, respectively. This suggested that the radial and the tangential faces of the blocks can be used to estimate the crystallinity of wood. With regard to the effect of milling on Raman and Segal-WAXS estimates, the wood crystallinity did not depend upon the particle sizes of the fractionated samples and was similar to that of the original unfractionated ground wood. C1 [Agarwal, Umesh P.; Ralph, Sally A.; Reiner, Richard S.; Moore, Roderquita K.; Baez, Carlos] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Agarwal, UP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM uagarwal@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0043-7719 EI 1432-5225 J9 WOOD SCI TECHNOL JI Wood Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1213 EP 1227 DI 10.1007/s00226-014-0667-7 PG 15 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AR8PM UT WOS:000343837200009 ER PT J AU Zhang, B Chang, L Nia, Z Callaham, MA Sun, X Wu, DH AF Zhang, Bing Chang, Liang Nia, Zhen Callaham, Mac A., Jr. Sun, Xin Wu, Donghui TI Effects of land use changes on winter-active Collembola in Sanjiang Plain of China SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Collembola; Winter-active; Snow cover; Land use; Wetland; Northeast China ID CONIFEROUS FOREST; NORTHEAST CHINA; SNOW SURFACE; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; CYCLOMORPHOSIS; BIODIVERSITY; TEMPERATURE; DISPERSAL AB Sanjiang Plain is the largest concentrated area of freshwater wetlands in China, however nearly 80% of these freshwater wetlands were drained or reclaimed in the past 50 years. It is important to know whether wetlands reclamation would affect soil invertebrates, especially the winter-active invertebrates. During November 2011 to April 2012, we used pitfall traps and in-field direct observation methods to study the activity of collembolans in wetland, and a reclaimed forest plantation and soybean field. In total, 3465 collembolans were captured and identified to 8 species from 6 families. Desoria sp. 1, Desoria sp. 2 and Desoria sp. 3 were the three dominant species. Collembolan abundance and assemblages were significantly affected by the land use changes. The results showed that (1) Collembola captured by pitfall traps showed a highest abundance in wetland, with similar to 50% decreased abundance in soybean field, and similar to 75% decreased in the forest plantation. (2) Collembola activity changed during the winter season, their activity significantly increased from early winter to late winter; with a peak in March in all three land use types. (3) Collembola assemblages were affected by land use changes with a significant decrease of frequency of Desoria sp. 3 and a significant increase of frequency of Desoria sp. 2 in soybean field and forest plantation. (4) Collembolan densities on the snow surface usually peaked between 1400 hand 1500 h, and decreased quickly when the temperature dropped below freezing. Mean abundance reached 119 individuals m(-2) on the snow surface in wetland, 152 individuals m(-2) in soybean field, and 64 individuals m(-2) in forest plantation. All collembolans moved up and down through the snow profile depending on temperature, no collembolans were found on the snow surface in the evening. Our study indicated that the reclamation of wetland resulted in a significant decrease of abundance and a different assemblage of winter active Collembola in Northeast China, but land use changes did not change their pattern of activity: Collembolans were rarely active in early and middle winter and mostly active in late winter. Their daily densities on the snow surface fluctuated according to both air temperatures and land use types. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Bing; Nia, Zhen; Wu, Donghui] Jilin Univ, Coll Earth Sci, Changchun 130061, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Bing; Chang, Liang; Nia, Zhen; Sun, Xin; Wu, Donghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China. [Callaham, Mac A., Jr.] USDA, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Wu, DH (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Coll Earth Sci, Changchun 130061, Peoples R China. EM zhangbing061989@126.com; springtail@neigae.ac.cn; nizhen09@gmail.com; mac.callaham@gmail.com; sunxin@neigae.ac.cn; wudonghui@neigae.ac.cn NR 61 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 83 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.03.008 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AR1CK UT WOS:000343318400008 ER PT J AU Lobe, JW Callaham, MA Hendrix, PF Hanula, JL AF Lobe, Joshua W. Callaham, Mac A., Jr. Hendrix, Paul F. Hanula, James L. TI Removal of an invasive shrub (Chinese privet: Ligustrum sinense Lour) reduces exotic earthworm abundance and promotes recovery of native North American earthworms SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Earthworms; Invasive plants; Native earthworms; Chinese privet; Exotic earthworms; Facilitation ID RIPARIAN FORESTS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; MYRICA-FAYA; HAWAII AB This study investigated the possibility of a facilitative relationship between Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense) and exotic earthworms, in the southeastern region of the USA. Earthworms and selected soil properties were sampled five years after experimental removal of privet from flood plain forests of the Georgia Piedmont region. The earthworm communities and soil properties were compared between sites with privet, privet removal sites, and reference sites where privet had never established. Results showed that introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa, Lumbricus rubellus, and Octolasion tyrtaeum) were more prevalent under privet cover, and privet removal reduced their relative abundance (from >90% to similar to 70%) in the community. Conversely, the relative abundance of native species (Diplocardia michaelsenii) increased fourfold with privet removal and was highest in reference sites. Soils under privet were characterized by significantly higher pH relative to reference plots and privet removal facilitated a significant reduction in pH. These results suggest that privet-mediated effects on soil pH may confer a competitive advantage to European lumbricid earthworms. Furthermore, removal of the invasive shrub appears to reverse the changes in soil pH, and may allow for recovery of native earthworm fauna. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lobe, Joshua W.; Hendrix, Paul F.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Callaham, Mac A., Jr.; Hanula, James L.] USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forest Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Callaham, MA (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Southern Res Stn, Forest Serv, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM mcallaham@fs.fed.us OI Lobe, Joshua/0000-0003-0428-8307 NR 40 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 16 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 83 BP 133 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.03.020 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AR1CK UT WOS:000343318400018 ER PT J AU Yen, H Ahmadi, M White, MJ Wang, XY Arnold, JG AF Yen, Haw Ahmadi, Mehdi White, Michael J. Wang, Xiuying Arnold, Jeffrey G. TI C-SWAT: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool with consolidated input files in alleviating computational burden of recursive simulations SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE SWAT; Auto-calibration; Consolidated inputs; Parallel processing; Shuffled complex evolution ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; HYDROLOGIC MODEL; CALIBRATION; UNCERTAINTY; VALIDATION; PARAMETERIZATION; PROJECT AB The temptation to include model parameters and high resolution input data together with the availability of powerful optimization and uncertainty analysis algorithms has significantly enhanced the complexity of hydrologic and water quality modeling. However, the ability to take advantage of sophisticated models is hindered in those models that need a large number of input files, such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The process of reading large amount of input files containing spatial and computational units used in SWAT is cumbersome and time-consuming. In this study, the Consolidated SWAT (C-SWAT) was developed to consolidate 13 groups of SWAT input files from subbasin and Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU) levels into a single file for each category. The utility of the consolidated inputs of model is exhibited for auto-calibration of the Little Washita River Basin (611 km(2)). The results of this study show that the runtime of the SWAT model could be reduced considerably with consolidating input files. The advantage of the proposed method was further promoted with application of the optimization method using a parallel computing technique. The concept is transferrable to other models that store input data in hundreds or thousands of files. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yen, Haw; Wang, Xiuying] Texas A&M Agrilife Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76504 USA. [Ahmadi, Mehdi] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Yen, Haw; White, Michael J.; Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Yen, H (reprint author), Texas A&M Agrilife Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, 720 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76504 USA. EM hyen@brc.tamus.edu RI Yen, Haw/K-6809-2014 FU USDA-NRCS through the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP); International S&T Cooperation Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012DFA91530]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41161140353, 91325302]; First Youth Excellent Talents Program of the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the CPC; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [TD-JC-2013-2] FX The development of C-SWAT started from an independent research work conducted at the Colorado State University by Dr. Haw Yen. By knowing the motivation of Dr. Yen's idea, Dr. Larry A Roesner, the founder of the SWMM model has supported the Compaq Visual FORTRAN 6.6 license with no hesitation. In addition, contributions were made by Dr. John W Labadie and Dr. Mazdak Arabi with accommodating suggestions. Without all the helping hands above, the manuscript will never be published. Later on, the development of C-SWAT was further supported by the funding from the USDA-NRCS through the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). This study was also jointly supported by the International S&T Cooperation Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2012DFA91530), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41161140353, 91325302), the First Youth Excellent Talents Program of the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the CPC, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (TD-JC-2013-2). The authors gratefully appreciate the constructive comments from the reviewers and associate editor that improved the presentation of the study. Thanks a lot! NR 43 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 EI 1873-7803 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 72 BP 221 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2014.07.017 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA AR5NQ UT WOS:000343631600020 ER PT J AU Li, GL Zhu, Y Liu, Y Wang, JX Liu, JJ Dumroese, RK AF Li, Guolei Zhu, Yan Liu, Yong Wang, Jiaxi Liu, Jiajia Dumroese, R. Kasten TI Combined effects of pre-hardening and fall fertilization on nitrogen translocation and storage in Quercus variabilis seedlings SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pre-hardening fertilization; Fall fertilization; Nitrogen translocation; Nitrogen storage; Deciduous oaks ID LATE-SEASON FERTILIZATION; PICEA-MARIANA SEEDLINGS; LARIX-OLGENSIS SEEDLINGS; SAMP. NURSERY SEEDLINGS; AUTUMN FERTILIZATION; FIELD PERFORMANCE; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; L. SEEDLINGS; ROOT-GROWTH; RETRANSLOCATION AB Maintaining proper seedling nitrogen status is important for outplanting success. Fall fertilization of evergreen conifer seedlings is a well-known technique for averting nitrogen (N) dilution caused by continued seedling growth during hardening. For deciduous seedlings, this technique is much less understood, and regardless of foliage type, the interaction of N status prior to fall fertilization and the rate of fall fertilization have yet to be fully explored. Therefore, we fertilized Quercus variabilis container seedlings with either 25, 100, or 150 mg total N seedling(-1), applied exponentially, during a 23-week pre-hardening regime, followed by either 0, 12, or 24 mg total N seedling(-1) applied during hardening (i.e., fall fertilization) in equal aliquots for 4 weeks. For seedlings without supplemental N during hardening, N concentration in stems and roots increased significantly despite substantial growth. The absence of N dilution was attributed to N translocation from foliage to these tissues, which was independent of pre-hardening N status. Overall, 32 % of foliar N was translocated and accounted for 75 % of the total N increase in stems and roots. Final stem N status was a function of pre-hardening fertilization, whereas root N concentration was affected by the interaction of pre-hardening and fall fertilization. Roots appear to be the main site of N storage, and root N content was significantly affected by pre-hardening and fall fertilization, but not their interaction. A combination of pre-hardening and fall fertilizer at a rate of 100 and 24 mg total N seedling(-1), respectively, yielded seedlings with the largest root systems. C1 [Li, Guolei; Zhu, Yan; Liu, Yong; Wang, Jiaxi; Liu, Jiajia] Beijing Forestry Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Silviculture & Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Li, GL (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Silviculture & Conservat, 35 East Qinghua Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM glli226@163.com FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [TD2011-8, JD2011-3, BLJD200905] FX The study was funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Contract No. TD2011-8, JD2011-3 & BLJD200905). We thank Mr. Richard R. Faltonson for editing early versions of this manuscript, as well as the executive editor and anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-4669 EI 1612-4677 J9 EUR J FOREST RES JI Eur. J. For. Res. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 133 IS 6 BP 983 EP 992 DI 10.1007/s10342-014-0816-4 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AR6WJ UT WOS:000343721100002 ER PT J AU Schillinger, WF Wuest, SB AF Schillinger, William F. Wuest, Stewart B. TI Wide row spacing for deep-furrow planting of winter wheat SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Winter wheat; Summer fallow; Wide row spacing; Conservation farming; Grain yield components; Weeds ID NO-TILL; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CROPPING SYSTEMS; SUMMER FALLOW; GRAIN-YIELD; SEED RATE; WATER-USE; MANAGEMENT; CULTIVARS; STUBBLE AB A tillage-based winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-summer fallow rotation is practiced on 1.56 million cropland hectares in the low-precipitation (<300 mm annual) region of the Inland Pacific Northwest of the United States (PNW). Farmers use deep-furrow drills with rows spaced 40-45-cm apart to plant winter wheat (WW) as deep as 20 cm below the soil surface to reach moisture in summer fallow (SF). Conservation tillage methods have been successfully developed that preserve ample residue during SF to control wind erosion, but existing drills cannot pass through heavy residue without plugging; thus farmers are reluctant to adopt conservation-tillage practices. We conducted field experiments over 3 years at three sites using the same number of seeds row(-1) (8 site years) and same number of seeds ha(-1) (3 site years) with row spacing of 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, and 80 cm and measured effects on grain yield, grain yield components, straw production, and weed dynamics. With same number of seeds row(-1) (seeding rate declined as row spacing widened) the highest average grain and straw yield was achieved with the 40 and 45-cm spacing with gradual decline as row spacing widened due to fewer spikes unit area(-1) (SPU) and despite increased kernels spike(-1) (KPS). Kernel weight (KW) was not a factor. With same number of seeds ha(-1) (more seeds row(-1) as row spacing widened) there were no overall differences in SPU, KPS, KW, and straw production among treatments and only a slight grain yield reduction at the two widest spacing treatments. Weeds were not an agronomic problem with any spacing treatment due to timely and effective in-crop herbicide application although weed dry biomass did increase slightly as row spacing widened. Our research suggests that row spacing for WW production in the dryland PNW can be widened to at least 50 cm and most likely 55 cm to facilitate conservation-tillage farming with equal grain and straw production compared to narrower row spacing currently used by farmers. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Schillinger, William F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Dryland Res Stn, Lind, WA 99341 USA. [Wuest, Stewart B.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Schillinger, WF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Dryland Res Stn, Lind, WA 99341 USA. EM william.schillinger@wsu.edu FU Washington State University through Hatch Project [0250]; USDA-ARS; Washington Grain Commission; Soil Conservation Districts in Franklin and Benton Counties in Washington FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical assistance by WSU agricultural research technician John Jacobsen, WSU technical assistant Steven Schofstoll, and USDA-ARS technicians Tami Johlke and Robert Correa. Appreciation is extended to wheat farmer Derek Schafer for providing land for the experiment at the Ritzville site and Brett Rohde for land at Echo. Funding for this study was provided by Washington State University through Hatch Project 0250, USDA-ARS, Washington Grain Commission, and the Soil Conservation Districts in Franklin and Benton Counties in Washington. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 168 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2014.08.006 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AR1NF UT WOS:000343351200007 ER PT J AU Liang, X Ni, HJ Beier, RC Dong, YN Li, JY Luo, XS Zhang, SX Shen, JZ Wang, ZH AF Liang, Xiao Ni, Hengjia Beier, Ross C. Dong, Yanni Li, Jingya Luo, Xiangshu Zhang, Suxia Shen, Jianzhong Wang, Zhanhui TI Highly Broad-Specific and Sensitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Screening Sulfonamides: Assay Optimization and Application to Milk Samples SO FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Broad-specificity; ELISA; Milk; Optimization; Sulfonamides ID FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION IMMUNOASSAY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES; RESIDUES; MUSCLE; ELISA; SULFAMETHAZINE; ANTIBIOTICS; EXTRACTION AB The optimum conditions of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in regard to different monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), assay format, immunoreagents, and several physicochemical factors (pH, salt, detergent, and solvent) were investigated to develop a broad-specific and sensitive immunoassay for detection of sulfonamides in milk samples. Two previously produced broad-specific MAbs, 4D11 and 4C7, and eight structurally different haptens conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were used as coating antigens in a competitive indirect ELISA (ciELISA). In addition, six hapten-HRP conjugates and the two MAbs were evaluated in a competitive direct ELISA. After optimization, a highly broad-specific and sensitive ciELISA for screening for sulfonamides was obtained based on MAb 4D11 and the BS-BSA heterologous-coating antigen, demonstrating a 50 % specific binding (IC50) for 22 sulfonamides at concentrations below 100 ng mL(-1). This is the first report of an immunoassay that is capable of detecting more than 20 sulfonamides based on MAbs. The optimized ciELISA was used to quantify the five sulfonamides, SMZ, SDM, SQX, SMM, and SMX in spiked milk samples. Recoveries of 89-104.6 % and coefficients of variation of 11.9-19.1 % demonstrated the potential of the ciELISA to simultaneously monitor multiple sulfonamides in diluted milk samples without further purification steps. C1 [Liang, Xiao; Ni, Hengjia; Dong, Yanni; Li, Jingya; Luo, Xiangshu; Zhang, Suxia; Shen, Jianzhong; Wang, Zhanhui] China Agr Univ, Beijing Key Lab Detect Technol Anim Derived Food, Coll Vet Med, Beijing Lab Food Qual & Safety, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Beijing Key Lab Detect Technol Anim Derived Food, Coll Vet Med, Beijing Lab Food Qual & Safety, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM wangzhanhui@cau.edu.cn OI Ni, Hengjia/0000-0003-0734-4407 FU National Natural Science Funds [31372475]; Trans-Century Training Programme Foundation for the Talents by the Ministry of Education [NCET-12 0529]; National Science & Technology Pillar Program [2012BAK17B16]; Sino-Russian International Scientific and Technological Cooperation [2011DFR30470] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Funds (31372475), Trans-Century Training Programme Foundation for the Talents by the Ministry of Education (NCET-12 0529), Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the twelfth Five-year Plan Period (2012BAK17B16), and the Sino-Russian International Scientific and Technological Cooperation (2011DFR30470). NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1936-9751 EI 1936-976X J9 FOOD ANAL METHOD JI Food Anal. Meth. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1992 EP 2002 DI 10.1007/s12161-014-9845-3 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AR6QD UT WOS:000343707100006 ER PT J AU Guo, MM Jin, TZ Yang, RJ AF Guo, Mingming Jin, Tony Z. Yang, Ruijin TI Antimicrobial Polylactic Acid Packaging Films against Listeria and Salmonella in Culture Medium and on Ready-to-Eat Meat SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Advanced Food Processing and Quality Management CY NOV 03-07, 2013 CL Guangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Antimicrobial packaging; Polylactic acid film; Lauric arginate; Listeria; Salmonella; RTE meat ID ENHANCING MICROBIAL SAFETY; HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; TOMATO STEM SCARS; SODIUM LACTATE; ESSENTIAL OILS; SHELF-LIFE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; PATHOGENIC BACTERIA; POLY(LACTIC ACID) AB The contamination of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. in ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products has been a concern for the meat industry. In this study, edible chitosan-acid solutions incorporating lauric arginate ester (LAE), sodium lactate (NaL), and sorbic acid (SA) alone or in combinations were developed and coated on polylactic acid (PLA) packaging films. Antimicrobial effects of coated PLA films on the growth of Listeria innocua, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium in a culture medium (tryptic soy broth, TSB) and on the surface of meat samples were investigated. Antimicrobial PLA films containing 1.94 mg/cm(2) of chitosan and 1.94 mu g/cm(2) of LAE were the most effective against both Listeria and Salmonella in TSB and reduced them to undetectable level (<0.69 log CFU/ml). The same PLA films with LAE significantly (p<0.05) reduced the growth of L. innocua, L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium on RTE meat during 3 and 5 weeks' storage at 10 degrees C, achieving 2-3 log reduction of Listeria and 1-1.5 log reduction of Salmonella as compared with controls. PLA films coated with 1.94 mg/cm(2) of chitosan, 0.78 mg/cm(2) of NaL, and 0.12 mg/cm(2) of SA significantly reduced the growth of L. innocua but were less effective against Salmonella. The combination of NaL (0.78 mg/cm(2)) and SA (0.12 mg/cm(2)) with LAE (1.94 mu g/cm(2)) did not generate additional or synergetic antimicrobial effect against Listeria or Salmonella on the meat surface. L. innocua had a similar sensitivity to the film treatments as L. monocytogenes, suggesting that L. innocua may be used as a surrogate of L. monocytogenes for further scaleup and validation studies. The film treatments were more effective against the microorganisms in TSB culture medium than in RTE meat, which suggests that in vivo studies are a necessary step to develop antimicrobial packaging for applications in foods. C1 [Guo, Mingming; Yang, Ruijin] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Guo, Mingming; Jin, Tony Z.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Yang, RJ (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, 1800 Lihu Ave, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM Tony.Jin@ars.usda.gov; rjyang2009@hotmail.com OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 FU USDA-ARS CRIS project through ARS National Program [1935-41420-092-00D, 108]; Chinese Scholarship Council FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Andy Hwang for the thoughtful review of this manuscript and Anita Parameswaran for her excellent technical assistance. This study was funded by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 1935-41420-092-00D through ARS National Program 108. Author Mingming Guo wishes to thank the Chinese Scholarship Council for financial support to work at ERRC-ARS-USDA. All work was done at ERRC-ARS-USDA. NR 78 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 71 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 EI 1935-5149 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 7 IS 11 BP 3293 EP 3307 DI 10.1007/s11947-014-1322-x PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AR5TJ UT WOS:000343646100024 ER PT J AU Magolski, JD Shappell, NW Vonnahme, KA Anderson, GM Newman, DJ Berg, EP AF Magolski, James D. Shappell, Nancy W. Vonnahme, Kimberly A. Anderson, Giovana M. Newman, David J. Berg, Eric P. TI Consumption of Ground Beef Obtained from Cattle That Had Received Steroidal Growth Promotants Does Not Trigger Early Onset of Estrus in Prepubertal Pigs SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID E-SCREEN; OVARIECTOMIZED EWES; ESTRADIOL-17-BETA; ESTROGENS; PHYTOESTROGENS; EXPRESSION; HORMONES; UTERUS; ASSAY; PONDS AB Background: The earlier onset of puberty seen in young American girls has led researchers to question if a causal relation exists between dietary sources of estrogenic compounds and precocious puberty. Objective: Using the prepubertal gilt (young female pig) as an animal model, our hypothesis is that feeding beef obtained from cattle receiving growth-promoting steroidal implants postweaning does not alter the onset of puberty or the peripubertal body composition of gilts compared with contemporaries fed nonimplanted "natural" beef or a common meat alternative, tofu. Method: The base diet was formulated using canola meal replacing soybean meal to reduce diet estrogenicity. Feed intake was monitored and controlled to ensure similar intake. Gilts were assigned to treatments based on dam and initial body weight (mean: 24.5 +/- 3.20 kg) at 61 d of age. The negative control base diet was supplemented with daily feedings of a cooked patty from nonimplanted steers (natural), from steers that had been treated with growth promotants [100 mg trenbolone acetate and 14 mg estradiol (E-2) benzoate; implanted], or cooked tofu patty. Results: E-2 equivalents (nanogram per kilogram, as fed as analyzed by E-Screen) of the tofu (a soy-based product) supplement were similar to 570 times the natural and similar to 170 times the implanted supplements. There were no observed differences across treatments in live weight gain (P = 0.90), longissimus muscle area developed at the 10th and 11th rib interface (P = 0.46), and subcutaneous fat deposition (P = 0.41) at the same location over time or in the number of days to reach estrus (P = 0.55). Conclusions: Consumption of beef from growth implanted or natural steers or tofu at levels similar to those typically consumed by humans did not impact growth or onset of estrus in these prepubertal gilts. C1 [Magolski, James D.; Vonnahme, Kimberly A.; Anderson, Giovana M.; Newman, David J.; Berg, Eric P.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Shappell, Nancy W.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND USA. RP Berg, EP (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM eric.p.berg@ndsu.edu FU North Dakota Beef Commission; North Dakota State Board of Agricultural, Research and Education; North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station FX Supported in part by North Dakota Beef Commission, the North Dakota State Board of Agricultural, Research and Education, and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 144 IS 11 BP 1718 EP 1724 DI 10.3945/jn.114.198127 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AR6GN UT WOS:000343681400008 PM 25332471 ER PT J AU Sun, J Wei, YW Rauf, A Zhang, Y Ma, YM Zhang, XD Shilo, K Yu, QZ Saif, YM Lu, XM Yu, L Li, JR AF Sun, Jing Wei, Yongwei Rauf, Abdul Zhang, Yu Ma, Yuanmei Zhang, Xiaodong Shilo, Konstantin Yu, Qingzhong Saif, Y. M. Lu, Xingmeng Yu, Lian Li, Jianrong TI Methyltransferase-Defective Avian Metapneumovirus Vaccines Provide Complete Protection against Challenge with the Homologous Colorado Strain and the Heterologous Minnesota Strain SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; RNA CAP METHYLATION; CELL-CELL FUSION; SUBGROUP-C; LIVE-VACCINE; SUBTYPE-C; POLYMERASE PROTEIN; GLYCOPROTEIN GENE; 2'-O METHYLATION; TURKEY POULTS AB Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), also known as avian pneumovirus or turkey rhinotracheitis virus, is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and is associated with swollen head syndrome in chickens. Since its discovery in the 1970s, aMPV has been recognized as an economically important pathogen in the poultry industry worldwide. The conserved region VI (CR VI) of the large (L) polymerase proteins of paramyxoviruses catalyzes methyltransferase (MTase) activities that typically methylate viral mRNAs at guanine N-7 (G-N-7) and ribose 2'-O positions. In this study, we generated a panel of recombinant aMPV (raMPV) Colorado strains carrying mutations in the S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) binding site in the CR VI of L protein. These recombinant viruses were specifically defective in ribose 2'-O, but not G-N-7 methylation and were genetically stable and highly attenuated in cell culture and viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) young turkeys. Importantly, turkeys vaccinated with these MTase-defective raMPVs triggered a high level of neutralizing antibody and were completely protected from challenge with homologous aMPV Colorado strain and heterologous aMPV Minnesota strain. Collectively, our results indicate (i) that aMPV lacking 2'-O methylation is highly attenuated in vitro and in vivo and (ii) that inhibition of mRNA cap MTase can serve as a novel target to rationally design live attenuated vaccines for aMPV and perhaps other paramyxoviruses. IMPORTANCE Paramyxoviruses include many economically and agriculturally important viruses such as avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), human pathogens such as human respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human parainfluenza virus type 3, and measles virus, and highly lethal emerging pathogens such as Nipah virus and Hendra virus. For many of them, there is no effective vaccine or antiviral drug. These viruses share common strategies for viral gene expression and replication. During transcription, paramyxoviruses produce capped, methylated, and polyadenylated mRNAs. Using aMPV as a model, we found that viral ribose 2'-O methyltransferase (MTase) is a novel approach to rationally attenuate the virus for vaccine purpose. Recombinant aMPV (raMPV) lacking 2'-O MTase were not only highly attenuated in turkeys but also provided complete protection against the challenge of homologous and heterologous aMPV strains. This novel approach can be applicable to other animal and human paramyxoviruses for rationally designing live attenuated vaccines. C1 [Sun, Jing; Wei, Yongwei; Zhang, Yu; Ma, Yuanmei; Zhang, Xiaodong; Li, Jianrong] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rauf, Abdul; Saif, Y. M.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Food Anim Hlth Res Program, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Shilo, Konstantin] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yu, Qingzhong] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Sun, Jing; Lu, Xingmeng; Yu, Lian] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Li, JR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM li.926@osu.edu RI Ma, Yuanmei/O-2720-2015; Li, Jianrong/E-3510-2011; Shilo, Konstantin/E-4084-2011; OI S, K/0000-0002-6702-3130 FU USDA NIFA Animal Health Program [2010-65119-20602]; NIH [R01AI090060] FX This study was supported by grants from the USDA NIFA Animal Health Program (2010-65119-20602) and the NIH (R01AI090060) to J.L. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 88 IS 21 BP 12348 EP 12363 DI 10.1128/JVI.01095-14 PG 16 WC Virology SC Virology GA AR1BN UT WOS:000343314900016 PM 25122790 ER PT J AU Kline, JD Thiers, P Ozawa, CP Yeakley, JA Gordon, SN AF Kline, Jeffrey D. Thiers, Paul Ozawa, Connie P. Yeakley, J. Alan Gordon, Sean N. TI How well has land-use planning worked under different governance regimes? A case study in the Portland, OR-Vancouver, WA metropolitan area, USA SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Sustainable development; Growth control; Urban sprawl; Oregon land use planning; Zoning ID GROWTH MANAGEMENT; URBAN-GROWTH; POLICY IMPLICATIONS; COMPARING STATES; UNITED-STATES; OPEN SPACE; OREGON; FARMLAND; PROTECTION; PROGRAM AB We examine land use planning outcomes over a 30-year period in the Portland, OR-Vancouver, WA (USA) metropolitan area. The four-county study region enables comparisons between three Oregon counties subject to Oregon's 1973 Land Use Act (Senate Bill 100) and Clark County, WA which implemented land use planning under Washington's 1990 Growth Management Act. We describe county-level historical land uses from the mid-1970s to the mid-2000s, including low-density residential and urban development, both outside and inside of current urban growth boundaries. We use difference-in-differences models to test whether differences in the proportions of developed land resulting from implementation of urban growth boundaries are statistically significant and whether they vary between Oregon and Washington. Our results suggest that land use planning and urban growth boundaries now mandated both in Oregon and Washington portions of the study area have had a measurable and statistically significant effect in containing development and conserving forest and agricultural lands in the Portland-Vancouver metropolitan area. Our results also suggest, however, that these effects differ across the four study-area counties, likely owing in part to differences in counties' initial levels of development, distinctly different land use planning histories, and how restrictive their urban growth boundaries were drawn. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kline, Jeffrey D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Thiers, Paul] Washington State Univ, Sch Polit Philosophy & Publ Affairs, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Ozawa, Connie P.] Portland State Univ, Toulan Sch Urban Studies & Planning, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Yeakley, J. Alan] Portland State Univ, Sch Environm, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Gordon, Sean N.] Portland State Univ, Inst Sustainable Solut, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Kline, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM JKline@fs.fed.us; PThiers@vancouver.wsu.edu; OzawaC@pdx.edu; Yeakley@pdx.edu; Sean.Gordon@pdx.edu FU National Science Foundation [0948983, 0948826, 0949042] FX Partial funding for this study was provided by the National Science Foundation to the Portland-Vancouver ULTRA-Ex project, with grant numbers 0948983, 0948826, and 0949042. We thank four anonymous reviewers for many helpful comments. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 131 BP 51 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.07.013 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA AR2BQ UT WOS:000343388900006 ER PT J AU Williams, DR AF Williams, Daniel R. TI Making sense of 'place': Reflections on pluralism and positionality in place research SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Place-making; Place meaning; Critical pluralism; Planning practice; Landscape governance; Cosmopolitan place ID MEANINGS; GEOGRAPHIES; ENVIRONMENT; PSYCHOLOGY; DIMENSIONS; COMMUNITY; IDENTITY; POLITICS; SPACE AB Drawing on critical pluralism and positionality, this essay offers a four-part framework for making sense of the manifold ways place has been studied and applied to landscape planning and management. The first element highlights how diverse intellectual origins behind place research have inhibited a transdisciplinary understanding of place as an object of study in environmental planning and management. The second focuses on ontological pluralism as found in attempts to make sense of place meanings by (a) fleshing out four layers of place meaning that vary in terms of tangibility, commonality, and emotionality and (b) critiquing four methodological approaches to identifying place meanings. The third looks at making sense of place-making as a way to highlight ontological and epistemic pluralism in studies of the material and social-discursive practices that create, govern, and transform places. In particular it draws attention to the way place meanings, knowledge, and practices are always situated or positioned. The fourth highlights axiological or normative pluralism as reflected in various prescriptive notions of place-making as the outcome of deliberate efforts of people to try to shape, contest, and/or otherwise govern the landscape. These include place as bios, ethnos, and demos as normative ideals for prescribing what constitutes a good place and underscores the challenge of adjudicating across different conceptions of sensible places. This paper concludes by reiterating the ways that place research and practice can benefit from both a critical pluralist perspective and a heightened awareness of the diverse positionalities occupied by observers of and actors in the landscape. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Williams, DR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM drwilliams@fs.fed.us RI Williams, Daniel/D-8114-2011 OI Williams, Daniel/0000-0003-2428-0345 NR 64 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 131 BP 74 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.08.002 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA AR2BQ UT WOS:000343388900008 ER PT J AU Li, C Waldbieser, G Bosworth, B Beck, BH Thongda, W Peatman, E AF Li, Chao Waldbieser, Geoff Bosworth, Brian Beck, Benjamin H. Thongda, Wilawan Peatman, Eric TI SNP discovery in wild and domesticated populations of blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus, using genotyping-by-sequencing and subsequent SNP validation SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE blue catfish; genotyping-by-sequencing; Sequenom; SNP ID CHANNEL CATFISH; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; AFLP MARKERS; GENOMIC DNA; PUNCTATUS; GROWTH; GENERATION; MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGY; WINDOWS AB Blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus, are valued in the United States as a trophy fishery for their capacity to reach large sizes, sometimes exceeding 45kg. Additionally, blue catfishxchannel catfish (I.punctatus) hybrid food fish production has recently increased the demand for blue catfish broodstock. However, there has been little study of the genetic impacts and interaction of farmed, introduced and stocked populations of blue catfish. We utilized genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to capture and genotype SNP markers on 190 individuals from five wild and domesticated populations (Mississippi River, Missouri, D&B, Rio Grande and Texas). Stringent filtering of SNP-calling parameters resulted in 4275 SNP loci represented across all five populations. Population genetics and structure analyses revealed potential shared ancestry and admixture between populations. We utilized the Sequenom MassARRAY to validate two multiplex panels of SNPs selected from the GBS data. Selection criteria included SNPs shared between populations, SNPs specific to populations, number of reads per individual and number of individuals genotyped by GBS. Putative SNPs were validated in the discovery population and in two additional populations not used in the GBS analysis. A total of 64 SNPs were genotyped successfully in 191 individuals from nine populations. Our results should guide the development of highly informative, flexible genotyping multiplexes for blue catfish from the larger GBS SNP set as well as provide an example of a rapid, low-cost approach to generate and genotype informative marker loci in aquatic species with minimal previous genetic information. C1 [Li, Chao; Thongda, Wilawan; Peatman, Eric] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Waldbieser, Geoff; Bosworth, Brian] USDA ARS, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Beck, Benjamin H.] ARS, USDA, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Peatman, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM peatmer@auburn.edu FU Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-ARS CRIS [6402-31000-009-00D] FX Authors wish to thank Sharon Mitchell and Katie Hyma at Cornell's Institute for Genomic Diversity for their work on GBS sequencing and initial data analysis. We are grateful to public and private collaborators for their assistance in sample collection. The study was conducted with funding from the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as well as USDA-ARS CRIS 6402-31000-009-00D. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1261 EP 1270 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12272 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AR8DJ UT WOS:000343805400015 PM 24797164 ER PT J AU Andrew, C Lilleskov, EA AF Andrew, Carrie Lilleskov, Erik A. TI Elevated CO2 and O-3 effects on ectomycorrhizal fungal root tip communities in consideration of a post-agricultural soil nutrient gradient legacy SO MYCORRHIZA LA English DT Article DE CO2; Carbon demand; Ectomycorrhizal fungi; O-3; Legacies; pH; Root tips ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; EXPLORATION TYPES; NORTHERN FORESTS; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; SCOTS PINE; RESPIRATION; RESPONSES; OZONE AB Despite the critical role of EMF in nutrient and carbon (C) dynamics, combined effects of global atmospheric pollutants on ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are unclear. Here, we present research on EMF root-level community responses to elevated CO2 and O-3. We discovered that belowground EMF community richness and similarity were both negatively affected by CO2 and O-3, but the effects of CO2 and O-3 on EMF communities were contingent on a site soil pH and cation availability gradient. These results contrast with our previous work showing a strong direct effect of CO2 and O-3 on sporocarp community dynamics and production. We discuss the possible role of carbon demand and allocation by EMF taxa in the discrepancy of these results. EMF communities were structured by a legacy of spatially defined soil properties, changing atmospheric chemistry and temporal dynamics. It is therefore necessary to understand global change impacts across multiple environmental gradients and spatiotemporal scales. C1 [Andrew, Carrie] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Andrew, Carrie] Univ Oslo, Sect Genet & Evolutionary Biol EVOGENE, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Andrew, C (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Sect Genet & Evolutionary Biol EVOGENE, Blindernveien 31, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. EM carrie.j.andrew@gmail.com FU Ecosystem Science Center (Michigan Technological University); Michigan Technological University Graduate School Finishing Fellowship Grant; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX The authors thank Peter Avis, Rosanne Healy, Leho Tedersoo, and Bryant Scharenbroch for their nomenclatural assistance, advice, and/or suggestions. We appreciated the molecular work aided by Jessica Bibbee and Andy Quinn, as well as field and lab help from Joy Andrew, Robert Andrew, and Lynette Potvin. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, two Graduate Research Grants awarded to C. Andrew from the Ecosystem Science Center (Michigan Technological University), and a Michigan Technological University Graduate School Finishing Fellowship Grant. We thank the US Department of Energy and the FACE Steering Committee for implementing and maintaining the Aspen FACE site for the duration of this study. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-6360 EI 1432-1890 J9 MYCORRHIZA JI Mycorrhiza PD NOV PY 2014 VL 24 IS 8 BP 581 EP 593 DI 10.1007/s00572-014-0577-4 PG 13 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AR6WI UT WOS:000343721000002 PM 24728759 ER PT J AU Doroghazi, JR Albright, JC Goering, AW Ju, KS Haines, RR Tchalukov, KA Labeda, DP Kelleher, NL Metcalf, WW AF Doroghazi, James R. Albright, Jessica C. Goering, Anthony W. Ju, Kou-San Haines, Robert R. Tchalukov, Konstantin A. Labeda, David P. Kelleher, Neil L. Metcalf, William W. TI A roadmap for natural product discovery based on large-scale genomics and metabolomics SO NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE-CLUSTER; DATABASE; POLYKETIDE; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; ANTIBIOTICS; FAMILIES; DOMAINS AB Actinobacteria encode a wealth of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters, whose systematic study is complicated by numerous repetitive motifs. By combining several metrics, we developed a method for the global classification of these gene clusters into families (GCFs) and analyzed the biosynthetic capacity of Actinobacteria in 830 genome sequences, including 344 obtained for this project. The GCF network, comprising 11,422 gene clusters grouped into 4,122 GCFs, was validated in hundreds of strains by correlating confident mass spectrometric detection of known small molecules with the presence or absence of their established biosynthetic gene clusters. The method also linked previously unassigned GCFs to known natural products, an approach that will enable de novo, bioassay-free discovery of new natural products using large data sets. Extrapolation from the 830-genome data set reveals that Actinobacteria encode hundreds of thousands of future drug leads, and the strong correlation between phylogeny and GCFs frames a roadmap to efficiently access them. C1 [Doroghazi, James R.; Ju, Kou-San; Metcalf, William W.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Albright, Jessica C.; Goering, Anthony W.; Kelleher, Neil L.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Albright, Jessica C.; Goering, Anthony W.; Kelleher, Neil L.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, Evanston, IL USA. [Albright, Jessica C.; Goering, Anthony W.; Kelleher, Neil L.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Evanston, IL USA. [Haines, Robert R.; Tchalukov, Konstantin A.; Metcalf, William W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol, Urbana, IL USA. [Labeda, David P.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kelleher, NL (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM n-kelleher@northwestern.edu; metcalf@illinois.edu OI Metcalf, William/0000-0002-0182-0671 FU Institute for Genomic Biology fellowship; US National Institutes of Health [GM PO1 GM077596, GM 067725]; Institute for Genomic Biology Proof of Concept grant; ARS National Program [301] FX J.R.D. was funded through an Institute for Genomic Biology fellowship. This work was supported in part by US National Institutes of Health grants GM PO1 GM077596 and GM 067725 (N.L.K.) and an Institute for Genomic Biology Proof of Concept grant. D.P.L. and the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Culture Collection Current Research Information System project is funded through ARS National Program 301. NR 24 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 10 U2 106 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1552-4450 EI 1552-4469 J9 NAT CHEM BIOL JI Nat. Chem. Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 10 IS 11 BP 963 EP 968 DI 10.1038/NCHEMBIO.1659 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AR5JP UT WOS:000343621500020 PM 25262415 ER PT J AU Nyamadzawo, G Wuta, M Nyamangara, J Smith, JL Rees, RM AF Nyamadzawo, G. Wuta, M. Nyamangara, J. Smith, J. L. Rees, R. M. TI Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from cultivated seasonal wetland (dambo) soils with inorganic, organic and integrated nutrient management SO NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Cultivated dambos; Greenhouse gas emission; Integrated nutrient management; Mitigation; Rape (Brassica napus) ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; TROPICAL PEATLANDS; VEGETABLE PRODUCTION; N2O; RICE; OXIDATION; ZIMBABWE; FERTILIZERS; SAVANNA; TILLAGE AB In many smallholder farming areas southern Africa, the cultivation of seasonal wetlands (dambos) represent an important adaptation to climate change. Frequent droughts and poor performance of rain-fed crops in upland fields have resulted in mounting pressure to cultivate dambos where both organic and inorganic amendments are used to sustain crop yields. Dambo cultivation potentially increases greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The objective of the study was to quantify the effects of applying different rates of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilisers (60, 120, 240 kg N ha(-1)) as NH4NO3, organic manures (5,000, 10,000 and 15,000 kg ha(-1)) and a combination of both sources (integrated management) on GHG emissions in cultivated dambos planted to rape (Brassica napus). Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in plots with organic manures ranged from 218 to 894 A mu g m(-2) h(-1), while for inorganic N and integrated nutrient management, emissions ranged from 555 to 5,186 A mu g m(-2) h(-1) and 356-2,702 A mu g m(-2) h(-1) respectively. Cropped and fertilised dambos were weak sources of methane (CH4), with emissions ranging from -0.02 to 0.9 mg m(-2) h(-1,) while manures and integrated management increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, crop yields were better under integrated nutrient management. The use of inorganic fertilisers resulted in higher N2O emission per kg yield obtained (6-14 g N2O kg(-1) yield), compared to 0.7-4.5 g N2O kg(-1) yield and 1.6-4.6 g N2O kg(-1) yield for organic manures and integrated nutrient management respectively. This suggests that the use of organic and integrated nutrient management has the potential to increase yield and reduce yield scaled N2O emissions. C1 [Nyamadzawo, G.; Wuta, M.] Univ Zimbabwe, Dept Soil Sci & Agr Engn, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Nyamadzawo, G.] Bindura Univ Sci Educ, Dept Environm Sci, Bindura, Zimbabwe. [Nyamangara, J.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Matopos Res Stn, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. [Smith, J. L.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. [Rees, R. M.] Scotlands Rural Coll, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Nyamadzawo, G (reprint author), Univ Zimbabwe, Dept Soil Sci & Agr Engn, POB MP167, Harare, Zimbabwe. EM gnyama@yahoo.com RI Rees, Robert/E-8333-2010; OI Rees, Robert/0000-0003-1348-8693 FU IFS [C/4569-1]; DAAD Fellowship [A/10/03022]; Climate Food and Farming (CLIFF) network under the CGIAR Research Programme on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) FX We would like to thank Noah and Nicolas Rusere, Ben Chafadza for their assistance with data collection. We are thankful to John Parker and Juliette Marie Scottish Agricultural College for sample analysis. This work was supported by IFS [grant C/4569-1]; DAAD Fellowship [grant number A/10/03022] and the Climate Food and Farming (CLIFF) network under the CGIAR Research Programme on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 61 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-1314 EI 1573-0867 J9 NUTR CYCL AGROECOSYS JI Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 100 IS 2 BP 161 EP 175 DI 10.1007/s10705-014-9634-9 PG 15 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AR6ZJ UT WOS:000343729300003 ER PT J AU Cheng, P Chen, XM AF Cheng, P. Chen, X. M. TI Virulence and Molecular Analyses Support Asexual Reproduction of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici in the US Pacific Northwest SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genetic recombination; mutation ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; UNITED-STATES; F.SP TRITICI; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; ALTERNATE HOST; YELLOW RUST; PATHOGEN; DNA; DIVERSITY AB Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, occurs every year and causes significant yield losses in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW). A large number of P. striiformis f. tritici races are identified every year and predominant races have changed rapidly. Barberry and mahonia plants, which have been identified under controlled conditions as alternate hosts for the fungus, are found in the region. However, whether sexual reproduction occurs in the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population under natural conditions is not clear. To determine the reproduction mode of the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population using virulence and molecular markers, a systematic collection of leaf samples with a single stripe of uredia was made in 26 fields in the PNW in 2010. In total, 270 isolates obtained from the PNW collection, together with 66 isolates from 20 other states collected in the same year, were characterized by virulence tests and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 21 races and 66 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were detected, of which 15 races and 32 MLGs were found in the PNW. Cluster analysis with the SSR marker data revealed two genetic groups, which were significantly correlated to the two virulence groups. The analyses of genotype/individual ratio, multilocus linkage disequilibrium, and heterozygosity strongly supported asexual reproduction for the pathogen population in the PNW, as well as other regions of the United States. C1 [Cheng, P.; Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-015-00D]; Washington State University [13C-3061-3925, 0616, Pullman 99164-6430]; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center [WNP00663] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (Project Number 5348-22000-015-00D) and Washington State University (Project Number 13C-3061-3925) PPNS Number 0616, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Project Number WNP00663, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6430. We thank M. Wang for technical support of the rust DNA extraction; A. Wan for increasing urediniospores and identifying races for some of the stripe rust isolates used in this study; D. See for technical support for using capillary electrophoresis on an ABI3730 Genotyper; and S. Hulbert, T. Peever, and K. Gill for critical review of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 104 IS 11 BP 1208 EP 1220 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-11-13-0314-R PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1ZK UT WOS:000343382900007 PM 24779354 ER PT J AU Moyle, RL Koia, JH Vrebalov, J Giovannoni, J Botella, JR AF Moyle, Richard L. Koia, Jonni H. Vrebalov, Julia Giovannoni, James Botella, Jose R. TI The pineapple AcMADS1 promoter confers high level expression in tomato and Arabidopsis flowering and fruiting tissues, but AcMADS1 does not complement the tomato LeMADS-RIN (rin) mutant SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ananas comosus; Fruit ripening; Promoter analysis; Beta-glucuronidase; MADS box transcription factor ID MADS-BOX GENE; LOADING-STEM-GENE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSGENE EXPRESSION; NONCLIMACTERIC FRUIT; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; SEPALLATA GENE; GUS FUSIONS; ETHYLENE; MATURATION AB A previous EST study identified a MADS box transcription factor coding sequence, AcMADS1, that is strongly induced during non-climacteric pineapple fruit ripening. Phylogenetic analyses place the AcMADS1 protein in the same superclade as LeMADS-RIN, a master regulator of fruit ripening upstream of ethylene in climacteric tomato. LeMADS-RIN has been proposed to be a global ripening regulator shared among climacteric and non-climacteric species, although few functional homologs of LeMADS-RIN have been identified in non-climacteric species. AcMADS1 shares 67 % protein sequence similarity and a similar expression pattern in ripening fruits as LeMADS-RIN. However, in this study AcMADS1 was not able to complement the tomato rin mutant phenotype, indicating AcMADS1 may not be a functionally conserved homolog of LeMADS-RIN or has sufficiently diverged to be unable to act in the context of the tomato network of interacting proteins. The AcMADS1 promoter directed strong expression of the GUS reporter gene to fruits and developing floral organs in tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana, suggesting AcMADS1 may play a role in flower development as well as fruitlet ripening. The AcMADS1 promoter provides a useful molecular tool for directing transgene expression, particularly where up-regulation in developing flowers and fruits is desirable. C1 [Moyle, Richard L.; Koia, Jonni H.; Botella, Jose R.] Univ Queensland, Plant Genet Engn Lab, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Vrebalov, Julia; Giovannoni, James] USDA, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Botella, JR (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Plant Genet Engn Lab, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM r.moyle1@uq.edu.au; j.botella@uq.edu.au RI Moyle, Richard/A-6512-2011; Botella, Jose (Jimmy)/D-9766-2011; OI Moyle, Richard/0000-0002-0388-9795; Botella, Jose (Jimmy)/0000-0002-4446-3432; melouk, abdel hameed/0000-0001-9098-8531 FU US-Israel BARD [IS-4223-09C, IS-4371-10C] FX US-Israel BARD projects IS-4223-09C and IS-4371-10C provided support for this project. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 EI 1573-5028 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 86 IS 4-5 BP 395 EP 407 DI 10.1007/s11103-014-0236-3 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AR6TK UT WOS:000343715800004 PM 25139231 ER PT J AU Dogramaci, M Horvath, DP Anderson, JV AF Dogramaci, Muenevver Horvath, David P. Anderson, James V. TI Dehydration-induced endodormancy in crown buds of leafy spurge highlights involvement of MAF3-and RVE1-like homologs, and hormone signaling cross-talk SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dormancy; Invasive weeds; Dehydrationstress; Transcriptomics; RVE1; MAF3 ID TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY NETWORKS; ABIOTIC STRESS RESPONSES; EUPHORBIA-ESULA L.; LOW-TEMPERATURE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; FLOWERING COMPETENCE; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; COLD-ACCLIMATION AB Vegetative shoot growth from underground adventitious buds of leafy spurge is critical for survival of this invasive perennial weed after episodes of severe abiotic stress. To determine the impact that dehydration-stress has on molecular mechanisms associated with vegetative reproduction of leafy spurge, greenhouse plants were exposed to mild- (3-day), intermediate- (7-day), severe- (14-day) and extended- (21-day) dehydration treatments. Aerial tissues of treated plants were then decapitated and soil was rehydrated to determine the growth potential of underground adventitious buds. Compared to well-watered plants, mild-dehydration accelerated new vegetative shoot growth, whereas intermediate- through extended-dehydration treatments both delayed and reduced shoot growth. Results of vegetative regrowth further confirmed that 14 days of dehydration induced a full-state of endodormancy in crown buds, which was correlated with a significant (P < 0.05) change in abundance of 2,124 transcripts. Sub-network enrichment analyses of transcriptome data obtained from the various levels of dehydration treatment also identified central hubs of over-represented genes involved in processes such as hormone signaling (i.e., ABA, auxin, ethylene, GA, and JA), response to abiotic stress (DREB1A/2A, RD22) and light (PIF3), phosphorylation (MPK4/6), circadian regulation (CRY2, PHYA), and flowering (AGL20, AP2, FLC). Further, results from this and previous studies highlight homologs most similar to Arabidopsis HY5, MAF3, RVE1 and RD22 as potential molecular markers for endodormancy in crown buds of leafy spurge. Early response to mild dehydration also highlighted involvement of upstream ethylene and JA-signaling, whereas severe dehydration impacted ABA-signaling. The identification of conserved ABRE- and MYC-consensus, cis-acting elements in the promoter of leafy spurge genomic clones similar to Arabidopsis RVE1 (AT5G17300) implicates a potential role for ABA-signaling in its dehydration-induced expression. Response of these molecular mechanisms to dehydration-stress provides insights on the ability of invasive perennial weeds to adapt and survive under harsh environments, which will be beneficial for addressing future management practices. C1 [Dogramaci, Muenevver; Horvath, David P.; Anderson, James V.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Anderson, JV (reprint author), ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM james.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 EI 1573-5028 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 86 IS 4-5 BP 409 EP 424 DI 10.1007/s11103-014-0237-2 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AR6TK UT WOS:000343715800005 PM 25150409 ER PT J AU Huang, YC Fan, R Grusak, MA Sherrier, JD Huang, CP AF Huang, Yu Chu Fan, Ruimei Grusak, Michael A. Sherrier, Janine D. Huang, C. P. TI Effects of nano-ZnO on the agronomically relevant Rhizobium-legume symbiosis SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Nano-ZnO; Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis; Pea; Rhizobium leguminosarum by. viciae 3841; Nanotoxicity ID OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SURFACE-CHARGE; PLANT DEFENSE; INFECTION; MUTANT; PHYTOTOXICITY; BACTERIA; NODULES; ALFALFA AB The impact of nano-ZnO (nZnO) on Rhizobium-legume symbiosis was studied with garden pea and its compatible bacterial partner Rhizobium leguminosarum by. viciae 3841. Exposure of peas to nZnO had no impact on germination, but significantly affected root length. Chronic exposure of plant to nZnO impacted its development by decreasing the number of the first- and the second-order lateral roots, stem length, leaf surface area, and transpiration. The effect of nZnO dissolution on phytotoxicity was also examined. Results showed that Zn2+ had negative impact on plant development. Exposure of R. leguminosarum by. viciae 3841 to nZnO brought about morphological changes by rendering the microbial cells toward round shape and damaging the bacterial surface. Furthermore, the presence of nZnO in the rhizosphere affected root nodulation, delayed the onset of nitrogen fixation, and caused early senescence of nodules. Attachment of nanoparticles on the root surface and dissolution of Zn2+ are important factors affecting the phytotocity of nZnO. Hence, the presence of nZnO in the environment is potentially hazardous to the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis system. (C) 2014 Elsevier RV All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Yu Chu; Sherrier, Janine D.] Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Huang, Yu Chu; Sherrier, Janine D.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Fan, Ruimei; Huang, C. P.] Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Huang, CP (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19711 USA. EM huang@udel.edu RI Sherrier, Darla/D-6624-2017 OI Sherrier, Darla/0000-0002-4699-6670 FU US EPA STAR [GR832371] FX This work was supported in part by US EPA STAR grant # GR832371. We wish to express our gratitude to the members of the Bio-imaging Center, University of Delaware, especially to Jefferey Caplan (confocal), Shannon Modla, Scott Jacobs (TEM), and Deboran Powell (SEM) for their assistance with electromicroscopic and confocal imaging services. We wish to thank Dr. Bobert Erhlich and Ms. Cherish Skeen for proofreading our manuscript. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 497 BP 78 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.100 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR5GM UT WOS:000343613100009 PM 25124056 ER PT J AU Chun, JA Szlavecz, K Bernard, M Ferrer, D Hom, J Saliendra, N AF Chun, J. A. Szlavecz, K. Bernard, M. Ferrer, D. Hom, J. Saliendra, N. TI Estimation of CO2 effluxes from suburban forest floor and grass using a process-based model SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE CO2 efflux; CO2 profiles; CO2 transport; SOILCO2; Pulse effect ID SOIL HETEROTROPHIC RESPIRATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE TRANSPORT; LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; RAINFALL EVENTS; SENSITIVITY; TEMPERATURE; WATER; CHINA; FLUX AB Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas, and its atmospheric concentration has been predicted to increase in the future. The objective of this study was to quantify the soil CO2 efflux in a suburban area including mixed deciduous forest and grass by numerically modeling the CO2 transport through the soil profile. Three stations per land-cover (forest and grass) were selected at the Cub Hill site (MD, USA), where the US Forest Service operates an urban flux tower. Six VAISALA CO2 sensors (Vaisala Inc., Finland) per monitoring station were horizontally installed at 6 different depths (soil surface, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 m from the soil surface) in the mid of May, 2011. Temperature and volumetric soil moisture measurements were taken using thermistors and EC-5 sensors (Decagon devices, Pullman, WA, USA) that were installed at the same depths as the CO2 sensors except for the soil surface. These data were recorded every 10 min. To evaluate the numerical model (SOILCO2), CO2 efflux using the standard chamber method was measured once a week. The CO2 effluxes from the standard chamber method ranged from 3.32 x 10(-9) to 7.28 x 10(-8) m(3) m(-2) s(-1) and 6.79 x 10(-9) to 1.45 x 10(-7) m(3) m(-2) S-1 for forest and grass, respectively. The CO2 effluxes from "bare" soil at the grass site varied with the range of 3.63 x 10(-8) to 9.37 x 10(-8) m(3) m(-2) s(-1). The "pulse effect" (a rapid increase of CO2 concentrations right after rainfall events) in grass, where changes in soil moisture were larger than in the forest, was more apparent than in the forest. Diurnal patterns similar to those of temperature were observed from CO2 profiles in soils. The SOILCO2 model estimated the soil CO2 effluxes with coefficients of correlation of 0.64 and 0.76 at forest and grass, respectively, and root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.58 x 10(-8) and 2.06 x 10(-8) m(3) m(-2) s(-1) for forest and grass, respectively. This study suggests that the SOILCO2 model can provide a better understanding of the contribution of the soil ecosystem to the carbon cycle in suburban environments including mixed deciduous forest and grass. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chun, J. A.] APEC Climate Ctr, Pusan 612020, South Korea. [Chun, J. A.; Szlavecz, K.; Bernard, M.; Ferrer, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hom, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Saliendra, N.] USDA ARS, NGPRL, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Chun, JA (reprint author), APEC Climate Ctr, 12 Centum 7 Ro, Pusan 612020, South Korea. EM jachun@apcc21.org OI Szlavecz, Katalin/0000-0003-2504-0298 NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 97 SI SI BP 346 EP 352 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.044 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AR1HQ UT WOS:000343336700037 ER PT J AU Frey, SD Ollinger, S Nadelhoffer, K Bowden, R Brzostek, E Burton, A Caldwell, BA Crow, S Goodale, CL Grandy, AS Finzi, AC Kramer, MG Lajtha, K LeMoine, J Martin, M McDowell, WH Minocha, R Sadowsky, JJ Templer, PH Wickings, K AF Frey, S. D. Ollinger, S. Nadelhoffer, K. Bowden, R. Brzostek, E. Burton, A. Caldwell, B. A. Crow, S. Goodale, C. L. Grandy, A. S. Finzi, A. C. Kramer, M. G. Lajtha, K. LeMoine, J. Martin, M. McDowell, W. H. Minocha, R. Sadowsky, J. J. Templer, P. H. Wickings, K. TI Chronic nitrogen additions suppress decomposition and sequester soil carbon in temperate forests SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen deposition; Soil carbon; Temperate forest; Terrestrial carbon sink ID ELEVATED N INPUTS; HARVARD FOREST; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; HARDWOOD FORESTS; BOREAL FOREST; UNITED-STATES; LITTER DECAY; C STORAGE; SEQUESTRATION AB The terrestrial biosphere sequesters up to a third of annual anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, offsetting a substantial portion of greenhouse gas forcing of the climate system. Although a number of factors are responsible for this terrestrial carbon sink, atmospheric nitrogen deposition contributes by enhancing tree productivity and promoting carbon storage in tree biomass. Forest soils also represent an important, but understudied carbon sink. Here, we examine the contribution of trees versus soil to total ecosystem carbon storage in a temperate forest and investigate the mechanisms by which soils accumulate carbon in response to two decades of elevated nitrogen inputs. We find that nitrogen-induced soil carbon accumulation is of equal or greater magnitude to carbon stored in trees, with the degree of response being dependent on stand type (hardwood versus pine) and level of N addition. Nitrogen enrichment resulted in a shift in organic matter chemistry and the microbial community such that unfertilized soils had a higher relative abundance of fungi and lipid, phenolic, and N-bearing compounds; whereas, N-amended plots were associated with reduced fungal biomass and activity and higher rates of lignin accumulation. We conclude that soil carbon accumulation in response to N enrichment was largely due to a suppression of organic matter decomposition rather than enhanced carbon inputs to soil via litter fall and root production. C1 [Frey, S. D.; Ollinger, S.; Grandy, A. S.; McDowell, W. H.; Sadowsky, J. J.; Wickings, K.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Ollinger, S.; Martin, M.] Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Nadelhoffer, K.; LeMoine, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bowden, R.] Allegheny Coll, Dept Environm Sci, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. [Brzostek, E.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Burton, A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Caldwell, B. A.; Lajtha, K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Crow, S.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Goodale, C. L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Finzi, A. C.; Templer, P. H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Kramer, M. G.] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Minocha, R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Frey, SD (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM serita.frey@unh.edu RI Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014; McDowell, William/E-9767-2010; Finzi, Adrien/A-7017-2016 OI Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047; Finzi, Adrien/0000-0003-2220-4533 FU National Science Foundation Longterm Ecological Research (LTER) Program FX We thank Michelle Day, Stephanie Juice, Melissa Knorr, Rich MacLean, April Melvin, and Marissa Weiss for assistance with sample collection and analysis. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Longterm Ecological Research (LTER) Program. NR 53 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 15 U2 162 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD NOV PY 2014 VL 121 IS 2 BP 305 EP 316 DI 10.1007/s10533-014-0004-0 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AQ9BL UT WOS:000343135800002 ER PT J AU Pradeep, S Josh, MKS Balachandran, S Devi, RS Sadasivam, R Thirugnanam, PE Doble, M Anderson, RC Benjamin, S AF Pradeep, S. Josh, M. K. Sarath Balachandran, S. Devi, R. Sudha Sadasivam, R. Thirugnanam, P. E. Doble, Mukesh Anderson, Robin C. Benjamin, Sailas TI Achromobacter denitrificans SP1 produces pharmaceutically active 25C prodigiosin upon utilizing hazardous di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Achromobacter denitrificans SP1; Prodigiosin; Blood storage bag; DEHP; Molecular docking ID SERRATIA-MARCESCENS; BIODEGRADATION; PLASTICIZER; INHIBITORS; KINASE-3; RECEPTOR; SUBTYPES; GROWTH AB This first report describes the purification and identification of an orange-red pigment produced by Achromobacter denitrificans strain SP1 (isolated from sewage sludge heavily contaminated with plastics) during its growth in a simple basal salt medium supplemented with the hazardous di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) blended in PVC blood bag (in situ) or free DEHP (ex situ) as carbon source. The cell-bound pigment was elucidated, characterized at molecular level, and described as an unusual 25C prodigiosin analog for the first time. At laboratory conditions (in flasks), the dry cell mass was 75.2 mg/g blood bag, which upon extraction yielded 7.1 mg prodigiosin; at this stage the pH of the medium was dropped from 7.2 to 3.5. Considering its pharmaceutical importance, taking 10 known prodigiosins as controls, this 25C prodigiosin was subjected to molecular docking studies, showed comparable and promising binding efficiencies with the crucial molecular human targets like cycloxygenase-2, ZAP-70 kinase and Jak-3 kinase. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pradeep, S.; Josh, M. K. Sarath; Benjamin, Sailas] Univ Calicut, Dept Bot, Div Biotechnol, Enzyme Technol Lab, Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India. [Balachandran, S.; Devi, R. Sudha] Mahatma Gandhi Coll, Dept Chem, Thiruvananthapuram 695004, Kerala, India. [Devi, R. Sudha] Toshvin Analyt P Ltd, Madras 600017, Tamil Nadu, India. [Thirugnanam, P. E.] Bioanalyt Quest Life Sci P Ltd, Madras 600004, Tamil Nadu, India. [Doble, Mukesh] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. [Anderson, Robin C.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Benjamin, S (reprint author), Univ Calicut, Dept Bot, Div Biotechnol, Enzyme Technol Lab, Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India. EM benjamin@uoc.ac.in RI MOOLAKKARIYIL, SARATH JOSH/C-5596-2015; S, Pradeep/C-5614-2015 OI MOOLAKKARIYIL, SARATH JOSH/0000-0002-9624-8558; FU Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), India [19/62/2005-RE, BT/PR7521/BCE/8/1026/2013]; Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, India FX The authors would like to thank Government of India for the Research Grants No. 19/62/2005-RE and No. BT/PR7521/BCE/8/1026/2013 from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), India; and Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, India respectively. It is also acknowledged that an Indian Patent Application (No. 3958/CHE/2012 dated September 24, 2012) entitled "A preparation of novel pharmaceutically active compound through bioremediation" with Sailas Benjamin, Pradeep S., Sarath Josh M.K., Balachandran S., Sudhadevi R., Sadasivam R. and Thirugnanam P.E. as inventors has been filed. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 171 BP 482 EP 486 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.077 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AQ8PX UT WOS:000343091700068 PM 25201292 ER PT J AU Moore, MT Kroger, R Locke, MA Lizotte, RE Testa, S Cooper, CM AF Moore, M. T. Kroeger, R. Locke, M. A. Lizotte, R. E., Jr. Testa, S., III Cooper, C. M. TI Diazinon and Permethrin Mitigation Across a Grass-Wetland Buffer SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pesticides; Runoff; Pyrethroid; Organophosphate; Insecticide ID FILTER STRIPS; IRRIGATION RUNOFF; CALIFORNIA; METAANALYSIS; DEGRADATION; PYRETHROIDS; ADSORPTION; POLLUTION; ATRAZINE; SYSTEMS AB Vegetated buffers of different designs are often used as edge-of-field treatment practices to remove pesticides that may be entrained in agricultural runoff. However, buffer system efficacy in pesticide runoff mitigation varies widely due to a multitude of factors including, but not limited to, pesticide chemistry, vegetation composition, and hydrology. Two experimental systems, a control (no vegetation) and a grass-wetland buffer system, were evaluated for their ability to retain diazinon and permethrin associated with a simulated storm runoff. The two systems were equally inefficient at retaining diazinon (mean 9.6 % retention for control and buffer). Grass-wetland buffers retained 83 % and 85 % of cis- and trans-permethrin masses, respectively, while the control only retained 39 % and 44 % of cis- and trans-permethrin masses, respectively. Half-distances (the distance required to decrease pesticide concentration by one-half) for both permethrin isomers were 26 %-30 % shorter in grass buffers (22-23 m) than in the control (32 m). The current study demonstrates treatment efficacy was a function of pesticide properties with the more strongly sorbing permethrin retained to a greater degree. The study also demonstrates challenges in remediating multiple pesticides with a single management practice. By using suites of management practices, especially those employing vegetation, better mitigation of pesticide impacts may be accomplished. C1 [Moore, M. T.; Locke, M. A.; Lizotte, R. E., Jr.; Testa, S., III; Cooper, C. M.] ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Kroeger, R.] Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 EI 1432-0800 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 93 IS 5 BP 574 EP 579 DI 10.1007/s00128-014-1357-8 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA AQ8AO UT WOS:000343043000012 PM 25145638 ER PT J AU Delhanty, PJD van der Velde, M van der Eerden, BCJ Sun, YX Geminn, JMM van der Lely, AJ Smith, RG van Leeuwen, JPTM AF Delhanty, Patric J. D. van der Velde, Martijn van der Eerden, Bram C. J. Sun, Yuxiang Geminn, Julia M. M. van der Lely, Aart-Jan Smith, Roy G. van Leeuwen, Johannes P. T. M. TI Genetic Manipulation of the Ghrelin Signaling System in Male Mice Reveals Bone Compartment Specificity of Acylated and Unacylated Ghrelin in the Regulation of Bone Remodeling SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE SECRETAGOGUE RECEPTOR; STIMULATES PROLIFERATION; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; GROWTH; CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; APPETITE; IDENTIFICATION; HETEROGENEITY; EXPRESSION AB Ghrelin receptor-deficient (Ghsr-/-) mice that lack acylated ghrelin (AG) signaling retain a metabolic response to unacylated ghrelin (UAG). Recently, we showed that Ghsr-deficiency affects bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to further establish the impact of AG and UAG on bone metabolism. We compared bone metabolism in Ghsr-/- (lacking only AG signaling) and ghrelin-deficient (Ghrl-/-; both AG and UAG deficient) male mice. Ghrl-/- mice had lower cortical bone mass, whereas Ghsr-/- mice had lower trabecular bone mass. This demonstrates bone compartment-specific effects of AG and a role for UAG in bone metabolism. Also, Ghrl-/- but not Ghsr-/- mice had increased bone formation rate and increased osteogenic stem cell numbers in their bone marrow. In ex vivo bone marrow cultures both AG and UAG inhibited osteoblast differentiation. This indicated that bone resorption must be increased in these mice. Accordingly, osteoclastogenesis rate was faster in bone marrow cultures from Ghsr-/- and Ghrl-/- mice, and osteoclast formation was inhibited by AG signaling and partially suppressed by UAG. In osteoblast cultures, AG markedly induced osteoprotegerin gene expression and both peptides reduced RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio. These data describe unique cell-type specific effects of AG and UAG within a single tissue, supporting a tight and complex control of bone formation and resorption as well as a link between nutrition and bone metabolism. The balance between AG and UAG actions in the bone marrow may lead to bone compartmental-specific effects. C1 [Delhanty, Patric J. D.; van der Velde, Martijn; van der Eerden, Bram C. J.; Geminn, Julia M. M.; van der Lely, Aart-Jan; van Leeuwen, Johannes P. T. M.] Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Sun, Yuxiang] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Huffington Ctr Aging, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Smith, Roy G.] Scripps Res Inst Florida, Dept Metab & Aging, Jupiter, FL 33458 USA. RP van Leeuwen, JPTM (reprint author), Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, S Gravendijkwal 230, NL-3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM j.vanleeuwen@erasmusmc.nl FU Zorgonderzoek Nederland, Medische Wetenschappen Program [91203022] FX This work was supported by the Zorgonderzoek Nederland, Medische Wetenschappen Program Grant 91203022. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 155 IS 11 BP 4287 EP 4295 DI 10.1210/en.2013-2055 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AR2MY UT WOS:000343422800019 PM 25060361 ER PT J AU Kyle, GT Jun, J Absher, JD AF Kyle, Gerard T. Jun, Jinhee Absher, James D. TI Repositioning Identity in Conceptualizations of Human-Place Bonding SO ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE place attachment; place identity; identity theory ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION; ATTACHMENT; SELF; COMMITMENT; PERFORMANCE; SETTINGS; EMOTIONS; STRESS; GENDER AB In this investigation, we adapted identity theory to reassess a conceptualization of place attachmentconceived herein as an attitudinal construct used by environmental psychologists to describe people's bonding to the physical landscape. Past work has conceptualized the construct in terms of three components: cognitive, affective, and conative elements. Based on the tenets of identity theory, we hypothesized that the cognitive componentreflected in the dimension place identityis an antecedent of these other affective and conative facets. We empirically tested this reconceptualization using data collected from two spatial contexts in Southern California: residents living in the wildland-urban interface outside of San Diego and Los Angeles. Analyses of both data sets provided strong empirical support for our conceptualization of place and its associated measures. Rather than existing on the same temporal plane, we suggest that identification processes drive other affective and conative elements that underlie people attachments to physical environments. C1 [Kyle, Gerard T.] Texas A&M Univ, Human Dimens Nat Resources Lab, College Stn, TX USA. [Jun, Jinhee] Hallym Univ, Coll Business, Chuncheon Si, Gangwon Do, South Korea. [Absher, James D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. RP Jun, J (reprint author), Hallym Univ, Coll Business, Chuncheon Si, Gangwon Do, South Korea. EM jjun@hallym.ac.kr NR 94 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 20 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0013-9165 EI 1552-390X J9 ENVIRON BEHAV JI Environ. Behav. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 46 IS 8 BP 1018 EP 1043 DI 10.1177/0013916513488783 PG 26 WC Environmental Studies; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Psychology GA AR0FG UT WOS:000343243800005 ER PT J AU Cho, YJ Bae, IY Inglett, GE Lee, S AF Cho, Yong Jin Bae, In Young Inglett, George E. Lee, Suyong TI Utilization of tartary buckwheat bran as a source of rutin and its effect on the rheological and antioxidant properties of wheat-based products SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Tartary buckwheat bran; Rutin; Rheology; Antioxidant activity ID QUERCETIN; NOODLES; EXTRACTION; CAPACITY; RICE; ACID; FOOD; RATS AB Tartary buckwheat bran, a by-product of buckwheat flour production was utilized as a source of rutin, and the extracted rutin-enriched material (REM) was used to fortify wheat-based foods of which rheological and antioxidant properties were characterized. REM contained a high content of rutin (29.6 g/100 g), compared to raw buckwheat bran (5.17 g/100 g). REM did not affect dough stability during mixing at room temperature. However, it reduced the thermo-mechanical properties of wheat flour in the dough system as well as the pasting parameters in the aqueous slurry during heating and cooling. When wheat flour was replaced with REM at 2, 4, and 6% in the formulation of wheat-based noodles, the products contained 0.28-1.35 g/100g of rutin, satisfying the recommended daily dose of rutin. Moreover, REM provided antioxidant properties for wheat-based products by enhancing the DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ferric reducing ability power, and ABTS radical-scavenging activity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cho, Yong Jin; Lee, Suyong] Sejong Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Cho, Yong Jin; Lee, Suyong] Sejong Univ, Carbohydrate Bioprod Res Ctr, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Bae, In Young] Far East Univ, Dept Oriental Med Fermentat, Chungbuk 369700, Eumseoung, South Korea. [Inglett, George E.] ARS, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Sejong Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 98 Gunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea. EM suyonglee@sejong.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2013R1A1A2A10004640] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2013R1A1A2A10004640). NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 61 BP 211 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.07.003 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AR1IP UT WOS:000343339200026 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Chapital, DC Cheng, HN Klasson, KT Olanya, OM Uknalis, J AF He, Zhongqi Chapital, Dorselyn C. Cheng, Huai N. Klasson, K. Thomas Olanya, O. Modesto Uknalis, Joseph TI Application of tung oil to improve adhesion strength and water resistance of cottonseed meal and protein adhesives on maple veneer SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Cottonseed meal; Tung oil; Wood adhesive; Protein isolate; Water resistance; Optical micrograph ID BONDING WOOD; WHEAT GLUTEN; SOY PROTEIN; POLYURETHANE AB Cottonseed meal-based products show promise in serving as environment-friendly wood adhesives. However, their practical utilization is currently limited due to low durability and water resistant properties. In this research, we tested the improvement of adhesion strength and water resistance of cottonseed meal-based adhesives by the addition of tung oil. Our data showed that the shear strength of maple wood strips glued at 100 degrees C by water-washed cottonseed meal (WCM) and cottonseed protein isolate (CSPI), containing tung oil, increased by 19.9% and 21.1%, respectively, compared to the tung oil-free adhesive controls. After 2 cycles of water soaking, the average of the soaked shear strength of glued maple specimens with WCM/tung oil adhesives was 3.49 MPa, representing a water resistance improvement of 46.6%, compared to the control value (2.38 MPa). For this study, the hot-press temperature (100-130 degrees C) was not critical for improving the water resistance of WCM or CSPI with twig oil. Optical microscopy images of the bondlines and interface showed that the improvement of adhesion strength and water resistance of cottonseed meal-based adhesives were due to the tung oil's prevention of the adhesives from diffusing away from the bond joints, while water soaking diffused the bondline, leading to weaker bond strength. The addition quantities of tung oil varied from 0.05 to 1.0% (w/v) and we observed little influence on improving the adhesive strength values, therefore, we recommend the addition of 0.1% tung oil for economics and convenience. The results of this research provide useful information on cottonseed meals as one of renewable sources of wood adhesives. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [He, Zhongqi; Chapital, Dorselyn C.; Cheng, Huai N.; Klasson, K. Thomas] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Olanya, O. Modesto; Uknalis, Joseph] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013; Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 61 BP 398 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.07.031 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AR1IP UT WOS:000343339200051 ER PT J AU Coblentz, WK Muck, RE Borchardt, MA Spencer, SK Jokela, WE Bertram, MG Coffey, KP AF Coblentz, W. K. Muck, R. E. Borchardt, M. A. Spencer, S. K. Jokela, W. E. Bertram, M. G. Coffey, K. P. TI Effects of dairy slurry on silage fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of alfalfa(1) SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa; clostridia; dairy slurry; nutritive value; silage fermentation ID REAL-TIME PCR; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; MANURED CROPS; QUALITY; HAYLAGE; PRESERVATION; PERFORMANCE; CLOSTRIDIUM; MANAGEMENT; FORAGES AB Dairy producers frequently ask questions about the risks associated with applying dairy slurry to growing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Our objectives were to determine the effects of applying dairy slurry on the subsequent nutritive value and fermentation characteristics of alfalfa balage. Dairy slurry was applied to 0.17-ha plots of alfalfa; applications were made to the second (HARV1) and third (HARV2) cuttings during June and July of 2012, respectively, at mean rates of 42,400 5271 and 41,700 2397 L/ha, respectively. Application strategies included (1) no slurry, (2) slurry applied directly to stubble immediately after the preceding harvest, (3) slurry applied after 1 wk of post-ensiled regrowth, or (4) slurry applied after 2 wk of regrowth. All harvested forage was packaged in large, rectangular bales that were ensiled as wrapped balage. Yields of DM harvested from HARV1 (2,477 kg/ha) and HARV2 (781 kg/ha) were not affected by slurry application treatment. By May 2013, all silages appeared to be well preserved, with no indication of undesirable odors characteristic of clostridial fermentations. Clostridium tyrobutyricum,, which is known to negatively affect cheese production, was not detected in any forage on either a pre- or post-ensiled basis. On a pre-ensiled basis, counts for Clostridium cluster 1 were greater for slurry-applied plots than for those receiving no slurry, and this response was consistent for HARV1 (4.44 vs. 3.29 log(10) genomic copies/g) and HARV2 (4.99 vs. 3.88 log(10) genomic copies/g). Similar responses were observed on a post-ensiled basis; however, post-ensiled counts also were greater for HARV1 (5.51 vs. 5.17 log(10) genomic copies/g) and HARV2 (5.84 vs. 5.28 log(10) genomic copies/g) when slurry was applied to regrowth compared with stubble. For HARV2, counts also were greater following a 2-wk application delay compared with a 1-wk delay (6.23 vs. 5.45 log(10) genomic copies/g). These results suggest that the risk of clostridial fermentations in alfalfa silages is greater following applications of slurry. Based on pre- and post-ensiled clostridial counts, applications of dairy slurry on stubble are preferred (and less risky) compared with delayed applications on growing alfalfa. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.; Borchardt, M. A.; Spencer, S. K.; Jokela, W. E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Muck, R. E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bertram, M. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Arlington Agr Res Stn, Arlington, WI 53911 USA. [Coffey, K. P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov FU Midwest Forage Association (St. Paul, MN) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the generous financial support of the Midwest Forage Association (St. Paul, MN) in completing this project. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 97 IS 11 BP 7197 EP 7211 DI 10.3168/jds.2014-8582 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AQ8JN UT WOS:000343071900055 PM 25242431 ER PT J AU Delbecq, BA Kuethe, TH Borchers, AM AF Delbecq, Benoit A. Kuethe, Todd H. Borchers, Allison M. TI Identifying the Extent of the Urban Fringe and Its Impact on Agricultural Land Values SO LAND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS; REAL-ESTATE VALUES; SPATIAL DEPENDENCE; FARMLAND PRICES; HOUSING SUBMARKETS; DYNAMICS; MARKETS; GROWTH AB This study presents an empirical model of the impacts of agricultural and urban returns on farmland value. The model allows the marginal impacts of parcel characteristics to vary nonlinearly over space with an endogenous smooth transition between urban fringe and rural areas. The estimation examines 10,317 parcel-level farmland transactions across the state of Illinois over the period January 2001 December 2009. The results suggest that marginal impacts of both agricultural and urban returns differ between urban fringe and rural areas. C1 [Delbecq, Benoit A.] Brechbill Farms Inc, Auburn, IN 46706 USA. Univ Illinois, TIAA CREF Ctr Farmland Res, Dept Agr & Consumer Econ, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Delbecq, BA (reprint author), Brechbill Farms Inc, Auburn, IN 46706 USA. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 18 PU UNIV WISCONSIN PRESS PI MADISON PA JOURNAL DIVISION, 1930 MONROE ST, 3RD FL, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0023-7639 EI 1543-8325 J9 LAND ECON JI Land Econ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 90 IS 4 BP 587 EP 600 PG 14 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ8KY UT WOS:000343075600002 ER PT J AU Christensen, SA Nemchenko, A Park, YS Borrego, E Huang, PC Schmelz, EA Kunze, S Feussner, I Yalpani, N Meeley, R Kolomiets, MV AF Christensen, Shawn A. Nemchenko, Andriy Park, Yong-Soon Borrego, Eli Huang, Pei-Cheng Schmelz, Eric A. Kunze, Susan Feussner, Ivo Yalpani, Nasser Meeley, Robert Kolomiets, Michael V. TI The Novel Monocot-Specific 9-Lipoxygenase ZmLOX12 Is Required to Mount an Effective Jasmonate-Mediated Defense Against Fusarium verticillioides in Maize SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID LIPID BODY LIPOXYGENASE; ZEA-MAYS; FUMONISIN; ACID; RESISTANCE; GIBBERELLA; PATHOGENS; PATHWAYS; 13-LIPOXYGENASE; CYCLOPENTENONES AB Fusarium verticillioides is a major limiting factor for maize production due to ear and stalk rot and the contamination of seed with the carcinogenic mycotoxin fumonisin. While lipoxygenase (LOX)-derived oxylipins have been implicated in defense against diverse pathogens, their function in maize resistance against F. verticillioides is poorly understood. Here, we functionally characterized a novel maize 9-LOX gene, ZmLOX12. This gene is distantly related to known dicot LOX genes, with closest homologs found exclusively in other monocot species. ZmLOX12 is predominantly expressed in mesocotyls in which it is strongly induced in response to F. verticillioides infection. The Mutator transposon-insertional lox12-1 mutant is more susceptible to F. verticillioides colonization of mesocotyls, stalks, and kernels. The infected mutant kernels accumulate a significantly greater amount of the mycotoxin fumonisin. Reduced resistance to the pathogen is accompanied by diminished levels of the jasmonic acid (JA) precursor 12-oxo phytodienoic acid, JA-isoleucine, and expression of jasmonate-biosynthetic genes. Supporting the strong defense role of jasmonates, the JA-deficient opr7 opr8 double mutant displayed complete lack of immunity to F. verticillioides. Unexpectedly, the more susceptible lox12 mutant accumulated higher levels of kauralexins, suggesting that F. verticillioides is tolerant to this group of antimicrobial phytoalexins. This study demonstrates that this unique monocot-specific 9-LOX plays a key role in defense against F. verticillioides in diverse maize tissues and provides genetic evidence that JA is the major defense hormone against this pathogen. C1 [Christensen, Shawn A.; Nemchenko, Andriy; Park, Yong-Soon; Borrego, Eli; Huang, Pei-Cheng; Kolomiets, Michael V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Christensen, Shawn A.; Schmelz, Eric A.] USDA, Chem Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Nemchenko, Andriy] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Park, Yong-Soon] KRIBB, Superbacteria Res Ctr, Taejon 305806, South Korea. [Kunze, Susan; Feussner, Ivo] Univ Gottingen, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Dept Plant Biochem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Yalpani, Nasser; Meeley, Robert] DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. RP Kolomiets, MV (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM kolomiets@tamu.edu RI Borrego, Eli/G-9867-2011; OI Borrego, Eli/0000-0002-3538-3203; Schmelz, Eric/0000-0002-2837-734X; Feussner, Ivo/0000-0002-9888-7003 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [58-6406-4-077]; Texas AM University [58-6406-4-077]; Texas Corn Producers Board; Texas AgriLife Research Monocot Improvement program; National Science Foundation [IOB-0544428, AOS-0951272] FX We thank M. Dickman, H. Alborn, and M. Shabab for critically reading the manuscript and for their valuable comments. Many thanks to S. Murray and his group for their continuous and generous support of field-based genetic advancement of the maize mutants and W.-B. Shim for providing fungal cultures of E verticillioides and for guidance in HPLC analysis of fumonisin accumulation in kernels. The work was supported by Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-6406-4-077 between United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Texas A&M University, the Texas Corn Producers Board, the Texas AgriLife Research Monocot Improvement program, and by National Science Foundation grants IOB-0544428 and AOS-0951272 to M. V. Kolomiets. NR 57 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 38 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 27 IS 11 BP 1263 EP 1276 DI 10.1094/MPMI-06-13-0184-R PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AQ8LI UT WOS:000343076600008 PM 25122482 ER PT J AU Potvin, LR Jurgensen, MF Dumroese, RK Richter, DL Page-Dumroese, DS AF Potvin, Lynette R. Jurgensen, Martin F. Dumroese, R. Kasten Richter, Dana L. Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. TI Mosaic stunting in bareroot Pinus banksiana seedlings is unrelated to colonization by mycorrhizal fungi SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Mycorrhizas; Organic amendment; Nursery; Chlorosis; Seedling nutrition ID CONTAINERIZED BLACK SPRUCE; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; OUTPLANTING PERFORMANCE; CONIFER SEEDLINGS; ROOTS; GROWTH; ASSOCIATION; COMMUNITY; NURSERIES AB Mosaic stunting, the occurrence of random patches of chlorotic seedlings with reduced shoot and diameter growth amidst more robust cohorts within bareroot nurseries, is classically associated with poor colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. We examined possible relationships among soil fertility, mycorrhizas, and random patches of mosaic stunting in bareroot Pinus banksiana Lamb. and suggest this paradigm is not universal. Stunted seedlings were distributed among healthy seedlings, occupied field space for 2-3 years, and used nursery resources (i.e. irrigation, fertilization); consequently high rates of culling at harvest resulted in an economic stress for the nursery. Thus, an understanding of the cause(s) of stunting was necessary. Stunted 1 + 0 seedlings had significantly lower levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc than their healthy cohorts, despite similar soil nutrient levels. The numbers of mycorrhizal root tips on stunted and healthy seedlings were similar, and the taxa of mycorrhizal fungi, determined by isolations and DNA sequencing, were not consistently associated with stunted or healthy seedlings. We conclude that differences in Pinus banksiana mycorrhizas are not responsible for mosaic stunting, but may be caused by localized low soil N availability due to uneven distribution of added organic matter amendments. C1 [Potvin, Lynette R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Jurgensen, Martin F.; Richter, Dana L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Dumroese, R. Kasten; Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Potvin, LR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM lrpotvin@fs.fed.us; mfjurgen@mtu.edu; kdumroese@fs.fed.us; dlrichte@mtu.edu; ddumroese@fs.fed.us OI Potvin, Lynette/0000-0001-5029-6266 FU Michigan Technological University; USDA Forest Service: J.W. Toumey Nursery; National Center for Reforestation, Nursery, and Genetic Resources; Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We thank A. Holland, C. Makuck, P. Koll, and the J.W. Toumey Nursery staff for assistance with field work and E. Lilleskov, L. vanDiepen, and C. Andrew for assistance with molecular methodology. This work was supported by Michigan Technological University and the USDA Forest Service: J.W. Toumey Nursery; National Center for Reforestation, Nursery, and Genetic Resources and the Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 45 IS 6 BP 893 EP 903 DI 10.1007/s11056-014-9438-4 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ9AW UT WOS:000343133600010 ER PT J AU Sikdar, P Mazzola, M Xiao, CL AF Sikdar, P. Mazzola, M. Xiao, C. L. TI Infection Courts and Timing of Infection of Apple Fruit by Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis in the Orchard in Relation to Speck Rot During Storage SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SPHAEROPSIS-PYRIPUTRESCENS; PEAR FRUIT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; STATE; PATHOGENS AB Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis is the cause of speck rot, a recently reported postharvest fruit rot disease of apple. The pathogen is believed to incite infections in the field, and disease symptoms become evident only during storage. To determine the timing of apple fruit infection in relation to development of speck rot in storage, 'Red Delicious' and 'Fuji' apple fruit were inoculated in the orchard with P washingtonensis at different times during the growing season, harvested, and monitored for decay development during storage at 0 degrees C. Fruit inoculated in both field and laboratory also were used to identify the infection courts and mode of apple fruit penetration by P. washingtonensis. In all 3 years, stem-end speck rot and calyx-end speck rot developed during cold storage on fruit inoculated during the growing season, regardless of inoculation time; and the incidence of total speck rot in storage increased as the fruit inoculation time approached harvest. On fruit floral parts, the pathogen colonized sepals at higher rates than stamens. Availability of naturally occurring necrotic tissues favored the colonization of the fungus on sepals. Histological studies indicated that infection occurred through micro-cracks on the surfaces of pedicels and sepals of the fruit, and invasion of these tissues was restricted between the cuticle and epidermis. Findings of this study will assist in the development of effective control strategies for speck rot. C1 [Sikdar, P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mazzola, M.] ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Xiao, C. L.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Xiao, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Chang-Lin.Xiao@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1467 EP 1475 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0054-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300002 ER PT J AU Mengistu, A Kelly, HM Bellaloui, N Arelli, PR Reddy, KN Wrather, AJ AF Mengistu, Alemu Kelly, Heather M. Bellaloui, Nacer Arelli, Prakash R. Reddy, Krishna N. Wrather, Allen J. TI Tillage, Fungicide, and Cultivar Effects on Frogeye Leaf Spot Severity and Yield in Soybean SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CERCOSPORA-SOJINA; INHIBITOR FUNGICIDES; MOLECULAR MARKERS; GRAIN-YIELD; RESISTANT; IDENTIFICATION; QUINONE; FUNGUS AB Frogeye leaf spot (FLS) of soybean, caused by Cercospora sojina, has been a problem in the southern United States for many years but has become an increasing problem in the northern United States more recently, causing significant yield losses. This increase in disease severity in the northern United States has been attributed to increased utilization of no-till planting and changes in climate. A field study was conducted at the University of Tennessee, Research and Education Center in Milan, TN from 2007 to 2010 to determine severity in tilled and no-till plots treated with or without fungicide at R3 and R5 growth stages. Three FLS-susceptible cultivars, one each in Maturity Groups III, IV, and V, were treated with pyraclostrobin (Headline) fungicide. Analysis of variance using the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) indicated no significant difference (P <= 0.05) in disease severity between tilled and no-till plots without fungicide. Fungicide did not significantly reduce disease under no-till, but did under tilled plots. This is the first study showing that no-till plots did not reduce or enhance the severity of FLS when no fungicide was applied. Fungicide application significantly reduced (P <= 0.05) disease severity and AUDPC and increased yield in tilled plots. The yield gains in tilled, fungicide-treated plots ranged from 1 to 17%. When fungicide was applied, disease severity was not reduced as significantly in no-till as in treated tilled plots, suggesting that fungicide programs under a no-till system may require further study to minimize the risk of FLS severity. C1 [Mengistu, Alemu; Arelli, Prakash R.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Kelly, Heather M.] Univ Tennessee, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Bellaloui, Nacer] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Reddy, Krishna N.] ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wrather, Allen J.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. RP Mengistu, A (reprint author), ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, 605 Airways Blvd, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. EM Alemu.mengistu@ars.usda.gov FU United State Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service [6402-21220-011-00D]; Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board FX We thank Debbie Boykin, USDA-ARS Mid-South Area Statistician, for her assistance in data analysis and Carl Bradley, University of Illinois, for his contribution to C. sojina isolates and QoI fungicide screening. This research was funded by the United State Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service project number 6402-21220-011-00D and by the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board. We thank Jamie Jordan, Jason Deffenbaugh, Chris Street, and Tara Sydboten for their assistance in the field and laboratory tests. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 21 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1476 EP 1484 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1268-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300003 ER PT J AU Han, ZD Walters, TW Zasada, IA AF Han, Ziduan Walters, Thomas W. Zasada, Inga A. TI Impact of Pratylenchus penetrans on Established Red Raspberry Productivity SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NEMATODE; GROWTH; YIELD; NEMATICIDES; FUMIGATION; SYSTEM AB The plant-parasitic nematode Pratylenchus penetrans is a major constraint to the production of red raspberry. To determine whether several popular raspberry cultivars in Washington State differ in susceptibility to P. penetrans and whether post-plant nematicides treatments are warranted, five independent, multiyear trials were conducted. Trials in existing plantings of 'Cascade Bounty', 'Chemainus', 'Meeker' (two trials), and 'Saanich' raspberry were established in northwest Washington. Treated plots were protected from P. penetrans by applying nematicides over a 3-year period, while nontreated plots received no nematicides. P. penetrans population densities in soil and root samples were assessed spring and fall of each year. In addition, impact of P. penetrans on raspberry yield, fruit composition, cane production, and root biomass was measured several times in each cultivar during the 3-year study. P. penetrans root population densities in nematicide-treated plots were consistently lower than those in nontreated plots at all the samplings. There were few consistent treatment differences in fine root biomass, the preferred feeding sites for P. penetrans. However, a complete root system sampling of one of the cultivars did show greater fine root biomass in treated plants compared with nontreated plants. When differences were observed aboveground, treated plants yielded less than corresponding nontreated plants, indicating that the nematicides may have been phytotoxic to some of the cultivars. This study suggests that post-plant nematicide applications are of limited benefit because, at least during the 3-year time period of this study, there were few observable benefits of protecting these raspberry cultivars from P. penetrans. C1 [Han, Ziduan; Walters, Thomas W.] Washington State Univ NWREC, Mt Vernon, IA 98273 USA. [Zasada, Inga A.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Zasada, IA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM inga.zasada@ars.usda.gov FU Northwest Center for Small Fruit Research; Washington Specialty Crop Block Grant [K514] FX This research was partially funded by a grant from the Northwest Center for Small Fruit Research and Washington Specialty Crop Block Grant K514. We thank J. N. Pinkerton and D. Wallace for technical assistance. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1514 EP 1520 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1235-RE PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300007 ER PT J AU Wan, AM Chen, XM AF Wan, Anmin Chen, Xianming TI Virulence Characterization of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici Using a New Set of Yr Single-Gene Line Differentials in the United States in 2010 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; RESISTANCE GENES; NORTH-AMERICA; RACES; CULTIVARS; CHINA; INHERITANCE; GENOTYPES; PATHOGEN AB Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici causes stripe rust (yellow rust) of wheat and is highly variable in virulence toward wheat with race-specific resistance. During 2010, wheat stripe rust was the most widespread in the recorded history of the United States, resulting in large-scale application of fungicides and substantial yield loss. A new differential set with 18 yellow rust (Yr) single-gene lines was established and used to differentiate races of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici, which were named as race PSTv in distinction from the PST races identified in the past. An octal system was used to describe the virulence and avirulence patterns of the PSTv races. From 348 viable P striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates recovered from a total of 381 wheat and grass stripe rust samples collected in 24 states, 41 races, named PSTv-1 to PSTv-41, were identified using the new set of 18 Yr single gene differentials, and their equivalent PST race names were determined on the previous set of 20 wheat cultivar differentials. The frequencies and distributions of the races and their virulences were determined. The five most predominant races were PSTv-37 (34.5%), PSTv-11 (17.5%), PSTv-14 (7.2%), PSTv-36 (5.2%), and PSTv-34 (4.9%). PSTv-37 was distributed throughout the country while PSTv11 and PSTv-14 were almost restricted to states west of the Rocky Mountains. The races had virulence to 0 to 13 of the 18 Yr genes. Frequencies of virulences toward resistance genes Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr27, Yr43, Yr44, YrTr1, and YrExp2 were high (67.0 to 93.7%); those to Yr1 (32.8%) and YrTye (31.3%) were moderate; and those to Yr10, Yr24, Yr32, and YrSP were low (3.4 to 5.7%). All of the isolates were avirulent to Yr5 and Yr15. C1 [Wan, Anmin; Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-015-00D]; Washington Wheat Commission; Idaho Wheat Commission FX This study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (Project Number 5348-22000-015-00D), Washington Wheat Commission, and Idaho Wheat Commission. We thank the following collaborators for collecting and sending samples of stripe rust in 2010: Z. Abate, M. Acevedo, R. Baylis, B. Beahm, G. Bergstrom, R. Bowden, C. Bradley, E. Brennan, R. Bruggeman, M. Burrows, K. Campbell, O. Cantu, G. Cisar, D. Clark, J. Costa, E. De Wolf, K. Evans, R. French, C. Griffey, S. Guy, S. Harrison, P. Hayes, R. Herrington, D. Hole, D. Holen, L. Hou, Y. Jin, Y. Liu, D. Long, I. Lowe, D. Marshall, J. Marshall, E. Milus, R. Morton, C. Mundt, B. Olson, B. Padgett, A. Phibbs, S. Reinertsen, P. Reisenauer, K. Richardson, K. Shantz, L. Skoglund, R. Stougaard, M. Wang, S. Wegulo, C. Whaley, J. Wiersma, D. Wood, and X. Zhou; and R. Line and E. Milus for critical review of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1534 EP 1542 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0071-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300010 ER PT J AU Braido, R Goncalves-Zuliani, AMO Janeiro, V Carvalho, SA Belasque, J Bock, CH Nunes, WMC AF Braido, Ricardo Goncalves-Zuliani, Aline M. O. Janeiro, Vanderly Carvalho, Sergio A. Belasque Junior, Jose Bock, Clive H. Nunes, William M. C. TI Development and Validation of Standard Area Diagrams as Assessment Aids for Estimating the Severity of Citrus Canker on Unripe Oranges SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID AXONOPODIS PV.-CITRI; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; LESIONS; RELIABILITY; GRAPEFRUIT; DISPERSAL; ACCURACY; SYMPTOMS; FRUIT AB Asiatic citrus canker (ACC) is an important disease of citrus in Brazil and elsewhere in the world. Infection with the causal pathogen, Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, can cause severe disease on the fruit. Visual estimation of severity is the usual method used to quantify ACC on diseased fruit. The objective of this research was to construct and validate standard area diagram (SAD) sets as assessment aids for raters to improve the accuracy and reliability of visual estimates of ACC on unripe (green) fruit of sweet orange. Two SAD sets were constructed. A five-diagram SAD set had five severities depicted (0.5, 2.0, 8.0, 27.0, and 40.0%) and a six-diagram SAD set had six severities depicted (0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 9.0, 20.0, and 40.0%). Fifteen raters evaluated 40 images of cankered, unripe fruit. Both the five- and six-diagram SAD sets significantly improved the accuracy and reliability of estimates. Agreement, measured by Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, was 0.220 to 0.913 when not using SADs, 0.814 to 0.955 when using five-diagram SAD sets, and 0.863 to 0.925 when using six-diagram SAD sets. The five-diagram SAD set was significantly more accurate and reliable compared with the six-diagram set. Possible reasons for this are discussed. Based on the results, the five-diagram SAD set is preferable to use. Although the SAD set was developed for sweet orange, it doubtless has applicability to other citrus, including grapefruit. These SAD sets should be useful for research endeavors where accurate and reliable estimates of the severity of ACC are required. C1 [Braido, Ricardo; Goncalves-Zuliani, Aline M. O.; Nunes, William M. C.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Nucleo Pesquisa Biotecnol Aplicada, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Janeiro, Vanderly] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Estat, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Carvalho, Sergio A.] Inst Agron Campinas, Ctr APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Belasque Junior, Jose] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Fitopatol & Nematol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Bock, Clive H.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Nunes, WMC (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Nucleo Pesquisa Biotecnol Aplicada, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM william.nunes@pq.cnpq.br RI Belasque, Jose/B-7753-2015 OI Belasque, Jose/0000-0001-6059-2173 FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) FX We acknowledge support of The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for financial aid provided, and Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for financial assistance granted to R. Braido for a scholarship. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1543 EP 1550 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0090-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300011 ER PT J AU Mollov, D Chilvers, MI Jacobs, JL AF Mollov, D. Chilvers, M. I. Jacobs, J. L. TI First Report of Aster Yellows Phytoplasma in Soybean in Michigan SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Mollov, D.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chilvers, M. I.; Jacobs, J. L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Chilvers, Martin/A-3548-2010 OI Chilvers, Martin/0000-0001-8832-1666 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1578 EP 1578 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0451-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300020 ER PT J AU Freeman, S Otero-Colina, G Rodriguez-Alvarado, G Fernandez-Pavia, S Maymon, M Ploetz, RC Aoki, T O'Donnell, K AF Freeman, S. Otero-Colina, G. Rodriguez-Alvarado, G. Fernandez-Pavia, S. Maymon, M. Ploetz, R. C. Aoki, T. O'Donnell, K. TI First Report of Mango Malformation Disease Caused by Fusarium pseudocircinatum in Mexico SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Freeman, S.; Maymon, M.] Agr Res Org, Dept Plant Pathol & Weed Res, Volcani Ctr, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Otero-Colina, G.] Colegio Postgrad, Montecillo 56230, Texcoco, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Alvarado, G.; Fernandez-Pavia, S.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Ploetz, R. C.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Trop Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Aoki, T.] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Genet Resources Ctr MAFF, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [O'Donnell, K.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Freeman, S (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Dept Plant Pathol & Weed Res, Volcani Ctr, POB 6, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1583 EP 1583 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-14-0375-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300034 ER PT J AU Murithi, HM Beed, FD Madata, CS Haudenshield, JS Hartman, GL AF Murithi, H. M. Beed, F. D. Madata, C. S. Haudenshield, J. S. Hartman, G. L. TI First Report of Phakopsora pachyrhizi on Soybean Causing Rust in Tanzania. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Murithi, H. M.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Madata, C. S.] Uyole Agr Res Inst, Uyole, Tanzania. [Haudenshield, J. S.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Haudenshield, J. S.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Murithi, HM (reprint author), Int Inst Trop Agr, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1586 EP 1586 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-14-0601-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300041 ER PT J AU Martin, K Hill, JH Cannon, S AF Martin, K. Hill, J. H. Cannon, S. TI Occurrence and Characterization of Bean common mosaic virus Strain NL1 in Iowa SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Martin, K.; Cannon, S.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hill, J. H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA USA. RP Martin, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Martin, Kathleen/I-7098-2016 OI Martin, Kathleen/0000-0002-6654-2668 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 1593 EP 1593 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-14-0673-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1QI UT WOS:000343359300061 ER PT J AU Manitchotpisit, P Watanapokasin, R Price, NPJ Bischoff, KM Tayeh, M Teeraworawit, S Kriwong, S Leathers, TD AF Manitchotpisit, Pennapa Watanapokasin, Ramida Price, Neil P. J. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Tayeh, Malatee Teeraworawit, Sudarat Kriwong, Saranya Leathers, Timothy D. TI Aureobasidium pullulans as a source of liamocins (heavy oils) with anticancer activity (vol 30, pg 2199, 2014) SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Manitchotpisit, Pennapa; Teeraworawit, Sudarat; Kriwong, Saranya] Rangsit Univ, Dept Med Sci, Fac Sci, Lakhok 12000, Pathumthani, Thailand. [Watanapokasin, Ramida; Tayeh, Malatee] Srinakharinwirot Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Med, Bangkok 10110, Thailand. [Price, Neil P. J.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Leathers, Timothy D.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Leathers, TD (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM tim.leathers@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0959-3993 EI 1573-0972 J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 30 IS 11 BP 3013 EP 3013 DI 10.1007/s11274-014-1716-y PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AQ9BF UT WOS:000343134900025 ER PT J AU Roberts, DP Lakshman, DK Maul, JE McKenna, LF Buyer, JS Fan, BQ AF Roberts, Daniel P. Lakshman, Dilip K. Maul, Jude E. McKenna, Laurie F. Buyer, Jeffrey S. Fan, Bingquan TI Control of damping-off of organic and conventional cucumber with extracts from a plant-associated bacterium rivals a seed treatment pesticide SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Natural products; Seed treatments; Pythium ultimum; Rhizoctonia solani; Serratia marcescens; Organic crop production ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; SERRATIA-MARCESCENS; METHYL-BROMIDE; SOILBORNE PATHOGENS; PSEUDOMONAS-CEPACIA; BIOCONTROL AGENTS; PYTHIUM-ULTIMUM; DISEASES; PYRROLNITRIN AB Environmentally friendly control measures are needed for soilborne diseases of crops grown in organic and conventional production systems. We tested ethanol extracts from cultures of Serratia marcescens N4-5 and N2-4, Burkholderia cepacia BC-1 and BC-2, and Burkholderia ambifaria BC-F for control of damping-off of cucumber caused by the soilborne pathogens Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani; ethanol being an Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) -approved solvent for use in certain applications in organic crop production. Ethanol extracts from strains N4-5 and N2-4 inhibited mycelial growth and germination of sporangia of P. ultimum in vitro but those from strains BC-1, BC-2, BC-F, and the ethanol control did not. Ethanol extracts from strains BC-2 and BC-F inhibited mycelial growth of R. solani in vitro while ethanol extracts from strains BC-1, N2-4, N4-5, and the ethanol control did not. Thin-layer chromatography demonstrated that ethanol extracts from strain N4-5 contained prodigiosin while ethanol extracts from strains BC-2 and BC-F contained pyrrolnitrin; extracts from strains N2-4 and BC-1 did not contain either of these compounds. DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of a biosynthetic gene for prodigiosin in strain N4-5 and its absence in strain N2-4, while a biosynthetic gene for pyrrolnitrin was found in strains BC-2 and BC-F but not in strains N2-4, N4-5, and BC-1. Prodigiosin was previously implicated in inhibition of P. ultimum while pyrrolnitrin has been shown to inhibit R solani. Certified-organic cucumber seed treated with an ethanol extract of strain N4-5 was the only extract treatment from any of these five microbial strains to effectively suppress damping-off caused by P. ultimum in growth chamber pot experiments. This ethanol extract provided suppression of P. ultimum on cucumber that was similar to that provided by a commercially available seed treatment pesticide and greater than that provided by a commercially available biocontrol agent for this pathogen. The inhibitory factor(s) in ethanol extracts of strain N4-5 was stable as a seed treatment for at least 14 weeks when incubated at 4 degrees C in the dark. No ethanol extracts applied as treatments of organic cucumber seed consistently suppressed damping-off caused by R. solani in growth chamber pot experiments. Experiments reported here suggest that certain natural products from microbial strains as seed treatments are promising alternatives for control of soilborne diseases in conventional or organic cucumber production systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Roberts, Daniel P.; Lakshman, Dilip K.; Maul, Jude E.; McKenna, Laurie F.; Buyer, Jeffrey S.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fan, Bingquan] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. RP Roberts, DP (reprint author), Bldg 001,Rm 2458,10300 Baltimore Avenue, Baltimore, MD USA. EM dan.roberts@ars.usda.gov OI Buyer, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2098-0547 NR 47 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 65 BP 86 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.07.009 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ3SU UT WOS:000342714600013 ER PT J AU Puttamuk, T Zhang, SA Duan, YP Jantasorn, A Thaveechai, N AF Puttamuk, Thamrongjet Zhang, Shouan Duan, Yongping Jantasorn, Arom Thaveechai, Niphone TI Effect of chemical treatments on 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' infected pomelo (Citrus maxima) SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Huanglongbing; Citrus greening; Trunk injection; Chemical treatment ID REAL-TIME PCR; GREENING DISEASE; TETRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; PLANTS; OXYTETRACYCLINE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RESISTANCE; BACTERIUM; PATHOGEN AB Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening, is one of the most destructive diseases affecting Rutaceae plants in many parts of the world. HLB is associated with three species of 'Candidatus Liberibacter' with 'Ca. L. asiaticus' (Las), being the most widely distributed bacterium in Thailand and Asia. The effectiveness of chemical treatment via trunk injection was evaluated in Las-infected pomelo (Citrus maxima) trees using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results demonstrated that a mixture of streptomycin (250 mg/L), ampicillin (2.5 g/L), penicillin G (2 g/L), and Bacicure (R) (2 g/L) provided the highest efficiency in reducing and suppressing the Las-bacterium population indicated by the mean cycle threshold (Ct) values from 20.8 (approximate to 7.2 x 10(7) cells/g of plant tissue) to 36.6 (approximate to 2140 cells/g of plant tissue) in greenhouse experiments, and from 19.4 (approximate to 1.8 x 10(8) cells/g of plant tissue) to 37.8 (approximate to 969 cells/g of plant tissue) in the field experiments. In addition, our strategies remained therapeutically effective for one year. Finally, response of Las-infected pomelo to chemical treatment was elucidated using transmission electron microscopy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Puttamuk, Thamrongjet; Thaveechai, Niphone] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Pathol, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [Zhang, Shouan] Univ Florida, IFAS, Trop Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Zhang, Shouan] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Plant Pathol, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Duan, Yongping] USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Jantasorn, Arom] Srinakharinwirot Univ, Coll Bhodivijalaya, Bangkok 10110, Thailand. RP Thaveechai, N (reprint author), Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Pathol, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. EM agrnpt@ku.ac.th FU Royal Golden Jubilee (RGJ) Ph.D. program through Thailand Research Fund (TRF) FX This work was financially supported by the Royal Golden Jubilee (RGJ) Ph.D. program through Thailand Research Fund (TRF). We thank Central Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetasrt University and Dr. Nuttima Kositcharoenkul, Bacterial section of Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand for the use of research facilities. We also thank Ms. Rattiros Chiangsin for her assistance in statistical analysis. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 65 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.07.018 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ3SU UT WOS:000342714600017 ER PT J AU Werner, SJ Shwiff, SA Elser, JL Kirkpatrick, KN Pettit, SE Suckow, J Willging, RC Tharman, JA Heil, J AF Werner, Scott J. Shwiff, Stephanie A. Elser, Julie L. Kirkpatrick, Katy N. Pettit, Susan E. Suckow, Jason Willging, Robert C. Tharman, Jim A. Heil, Joe TI Perceived impacts of wild turkeys and management techniques for Wisconsin ginseng production SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Human-wildlife conflicts; Meleagris gallopavo; Panax quinquefolius; Wildlife damage management ID CANADA; DAMAGE; REAL AB The restoration of eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris; Viellot) within Wisconsin has successfully populated the central counties which account for 95% of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L) production. In response to perceived and emerging conflicts, the Ginseng Board of Wisconsin, Inc. conducted producer surveys in March 2006 and 2012 to determine the extent and timing of wild turkey damage experienced among all Wisconsin ginseng producers, and the methods used to minimize wild turkey damage. We summarized 47 and 63 completed surveys in 2006 and 2012, respectively. Most survey respondents reported that wild turkeys were present and caused damage at their ginseng facilities every year. Turkey damage was regarded as "moderate" among most survey respondents. The majority of respondents in 2006 reported that annual losses were $2000-$5000, while most respondents in 2012 reported losses of less than $2000. Most producers reported spending less than $2000 annually for turkey damage management. Vertical fencing was reported as the most used and most effective damage management technique; the reported use and long-term efficacy of vertical fencing increasing substantially from 2006 to 2012. The increased use of vertical fencing may be related to the general downtrend in annual monetary losses due to wild turkeys from 2006 to 2012. These survey results will be used to further identify, investigate and manage the impacts of wild turkeys to Wisconsin ginseng production. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Werner, Scott J.; Shwiff, Stephanie A.; Elser, Julie L.; Kirkpatrick, Katy N.; Pettit, Susan E.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Suckow, Jason] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Sun Prairie, WI 53590 USA. [Willging, Robert C.; Tharman, Jim A.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Heil, Joe] Ginseng Board Wisconsin Inc, Wausau, WI 54401 USA. RP Werner, SJ (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Scott.J.Werner@aphis.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 65 BP 221 EP 226 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.08.004 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ3SU UT WOS:000342714600030 ER PT J AU Toledo, D Sanderson, M Johnson, H Reeves, JL Derner, JD Vermeire, L Hendrickson, J AF Toledo, D. Sanderson, M. Johnson, H. Reeves, J. L. Derner, J. D. Vermeire, L. Hendrickson, J. TI Evaluating plant biodiversity measurements and exotic species detection in National Resources Inventory Sampling protocols using examples from the Northern Great Plains of the USA SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Plant biodiversity; National resources inventory; Species richness; Modified Whittaker; Accuracy; Precision ID VEGETATION; COVER; GRASSLANDS; DIVERSITY AB Native plant biodiversity loss and exotic species invasions are threatening the ability of many ecosystems to maintain key functions and processes. We currently lack detailed plant biodiversity data at a national scale with which to make management decisions and recommendations based on current conservation challenges. We collected plant biodiversity and exotic species richness data from 4 sites in the Northern Great Plains using the modified Whittaker (MW) and Natural Resources Inventory (NRI) methods to evaluate any major differences between indicators generated from these methods and offer recommendations based on findings. Our data indicated that the NRI protocols underestimated both total plant species richness and exotic species richness compared with the MW approach. More importantly, however, results show that biodiversity indicators from the two methods showed similar trends. Increasing time spent on making species richness measurements and implementing a more systematic approach to detecting species within a plot could improve biodiversity inventory and monitoring efforts in NRI while also providing a link between existing long-term data and any new information collected. These adjustments would ultimately help those interested in adopting NRI methods and using plant biodiversity data to increase the amount and quality of information collected. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Toledo, D.; Sanderson, M.; Johnson, H.; Hendrickson, J.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Reeves, J. L.; Derner, J. D.] USDA ARS, High Plains Grassland Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Vermeire, L.] USDA ARS, Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Toledo, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, 1701 10th Ave SW,POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM David.Toledo@ARS.USDA.GOV; MattSanderson@ARS.USDA.GOV; Holly.Johnson@ARS.USDA.GOV; Justin.Reeves@ARS.USDA.GOV; Justin.Derner@ARS.USDA.GOV; Lance.Vermeire@ARS.USDA.GOV; John.Hendrickson@ARS.USDA.GOV FU Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) - USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service; Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) - Agricultural Research Service FX We would like to thank the various field assistants and support staff, Jennifer Muscha and Jeff Thomas who helped us with plant ID and sampling site selection at study locations, Dr. Mark West for comments and advice on manuscript and statistical procedures, and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback. This work was supported by funds from a Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) jointly funded by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Agricultural Research Service. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 46 BP 149 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.06.020 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ2YO UT WOS:000342656100017 ER PT J AU Ryan, U Fayer, R Xiao, LH AF Ryan, Una Fayer, Ronald Xiao, Lihua TI Cryptosporidium species in humans and animals: current understanding and research needs SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Cryptosporidium; taxonomy; epidemiology; species; genotype; subtype ID N. SP APICOMPLEXA; PIG GENOTYPE II; PRINCE-EDWARD-ISLAND; HUMAN FECAL SAMPLES; DEER-LIKE GENOTYPE; PRE-WEANED CALVES; CATTLE BOS-TAURUS; BOARS SUS-SCROFA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION AB Cryptosporidium is increasingly recognized as one of the major causes of moderate to severe diarrhoea in developing countries. With treatment options limited, control relies on knowledge of the biology and transmission of the members of the genus responsible for disease. Currently, 26 species are recognized as valid on the basis of morphological, biological and molecular data. Of the nearly 20 Cryptosporidium species and genotypes that have been reported in humans, Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum are responsible for the majority of infections. Livestock, particularly cattle, are one of the most important reservoirs of zoonotic infections. Domesticated and wild animals can each be infected with several Cryptosporidium species or genotypes that have only a narrow host range and therefore have no major public health significance. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing techniques will significantly improve our understanding of the taxonomy and transmission of Cryptosporidium species, and the investigation of outbreaks and monitoring of emerging and virulent subtypes. Important research gaps remain including a lack of subtyping tools for many Cryptosporidium species of public and veterinary health importance, and poor understanding of the genetic determinants of host specificity of Cryptosporidium species and impact of climate change on the transmission of Cryptosporidium. C1 [Ryan, Una] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Fayer, Ronald] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ryan, U (reprint author), Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. EM Una.Ryan@murdoch.edu.au RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 NR 234 TC 76 Z9 83 U1 8 U2 83 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 141 IS 13 BP 1667 EP 1685 DI 10.1017/S0031182014001085 PG 19 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AQ6KE UT WOS:000342919500001 PM 25111501 ER PT J AU Lopes, AP Dubey, JP Darde, ML Cardoso, L AF Lopes, A. P. Dubey, J. P. Darde, M. -L. Cardoso, L. TI Epidemiological review of Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and animals in Portugal SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis; humans; animals; epidemiology; Portugal ID NORTHEASTERN PORTUGAL; AGGLUTINATION-TEST; STRAY CATS; LISBON; PREVALENCE; NORTH; PIGS; SEROPREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES; PIGEONS AB Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis. However, data from Portugal are limited and a considerable part of the literature is in Portuguese. Currently, the rate of congenital infection in Portugal is unknown, and almost nothing is known of sequelae of congenital toxoplasmosis. There is no recent general population-based serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in humans in Portugal. In addition, there is little information on genetic characteristics of T. gondii in animals and humans. In the present paper, we review prevalence, clinical spectrum and epidemiology of T. gondii in humans and animals in Portugal. This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, physicians and veterinarians. C1 [Lopes, A. P.; Cardoso, L.] UTAD, Sch Agrarian & Vet Sci, Dept Vet Sci, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Lopes, A. P.] UTAD, Ctr Ciencia Anim & Vet CECAV, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Dubey, J. P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Darde, M. -L.] Toxoplasmose Toxoplasma Biol Resource Ctr BRC, Ctr Natl Reference CNR, Limoges, France. [Darde, M. -L.] INSERM, UMR 1094, Limoges, France. [Darde, M. -L.] Univ Limoges, Sch Med, Inst Neuroepidemiol & Trop Neurol, F-87042 Limoges, France. [Cardoso, L.] Univ Porto, IBMC, Parasite Dis Grp, Oporto, Portugal. RP Lopes, AP (reprint author), UTAD, Dept Ciencias Vet, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal. EM aplopes@utad.pt RI Lopes, Ana Patricia/K-4671-2013; OI Cardoso, Luis/0000-0002-6145-7560; Lopes, Ana Patricia/0000-0002-8182-5674 FU Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Ministry of Education and Science, Portugal [PEst-OE/AGR/UI0772/2014] FX This work was sponsored by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Ministry of Education and Science, Portugal, under the Project PEst-OE/AGR/UI0772/2014. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 26 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 141 IS 13 BP 1699 EP 1708 DI 10.1017/S0031182014001413 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AQ6KE UT WOS:000342919500003 PM 25215422 ER PT J AU Riddick, EW Simmons, AM AF Riddick, Eric W. Simmons, Alvin M. TI Do plant trichomes cause more harm than good to predatory insects? SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE biocontrol; crop protection; host-plant resistance; natural enemies; risk-assessment ID COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA COLEOPTERA; AUGMENTATIVE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; OVIPOSITION SITE SELECTION; AGENT MALLADA-SIGNATA; NATURAL ENEMIES; HOST-PLANT; GENERALIST PREDATOR; DELPHASTUS-PUSILLUS; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE; BEETLES COLEOPTERA AB Plants use trichomes as a morphological defense against attacks from herbivores. The literature was reviewed to test the hypothesis that trichome-bearing (pubescent) plants do not cause more harm than good to predators. Forty seven records on interactions between plant trichomes and predatory insects were found. Overall, the records reveal that trichomes have more harmful than beneficial effects on predators. Fortunately, most harmful effects are sublethal; they usually affect movement, development, oviposition and predation potential. In worst cases, sticky exudates from glandular trichomes entrap predators. The hooked tips on non-glandular trichomes impale predators. Entrapped and impaled predators often die from desiccation or starvation. Plant cultivars with high (rather than low) trichome density cause the most harm, and trichomes on tomato and some beans often cause more harm than good to predatory beetles, true bugs and lacewings. Whether these harmful effects have a net negative effect on plant fitness is poorly known and ripe for study. When developing and testing cultivars with increased trichome-based resistance to herbivory, the question as to whether these technologies are compatible with the functional role of those predators (single or combined species) capable of suppressing herbivore populations should be considered. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Riddick, Eric W.] USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Simmons, Alvin M.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. RP Riddick, EW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, 59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM eric.riddick@ars.usda.gov OI riddick, eric/0000-0002-4795-961X NR 95 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 133 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 70 IS 11 BP 1655 EP 1665 DI 10.1002/ps.3772 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AQ5LN UT WOS:000342850800003 PM 24585676 ER PT J AU Riddick, EW Simmons, AM AF Riddick, Eric W. Simmons, Alvin M. TI Plant trichomes have mixed impacts on predatory insects SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID QUALITY; ALEYRODIDAE; HEMIPTERA C1 [Riddick, Eric W.] USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Simmons, Alvin M.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. RP Riddick, EW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, 59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM eric.riddick@ars.usda.gov OI riddick, eric/0000-0002-4795-961X NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 70 IS 11 BP 1668 EP 1668 DI 10.1002/ps.3811 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AQ5LN UT WOS:000342850800005 PM 24757119 ER PT J AU Fontenot, KR Easson, MW Smith, J Madison, C Nam, S Nguyen, TMD Chang, SC Condon, BD AF Fontenot, Krystal R. Easson, Michael W. Smith, Jade Madison, Crista Nam, Sunghyun Nguyen, Thach-Mien D. Chang, SeChin Condon, Brian D. TI Application of a Phosphazene Derivative as a Flame Retardant for Cotton Fabric using Conventional Method and Supercritical CO2 SO AATCC JOURNAL OF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Durability; Micro Combustion Calorimeter; Non-halogenated Flame Retardant; Supercritical Carbon Dioxide; Thermogravimetric Analysis ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; IMPREGNATION; PHOSPHORUS; SOLUBILITY; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIORS; CELLULOSE; POLYMERS; NITROGEN; WATER AB Conventional pad-dry-cure (non-scCO(2)) and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) application methods were used to study the effectiveness of a newly synthesized phosphazene derivative as a flame retardant on cotton fabric. The 1,1',4,5-tetrahydrotrispiro[1,3,2-diazaphosphole-2,2'-[1,3,5,2,4,6] triazatriphosphinine-4',6 ''-dibenzo[d, f][1,3,2] dioxaphosphepine-6',6'''-dibenzo[d, f][1,3,2] dioxaphosphepine] (2), was synthesized in two steps, in high overall yield, and applied onto cotton fabrics. The flame retardant properties of the treated fabrics were examined by 45 degrees angle flammability test, limiting oxygen index test (LOI), microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that fabrics treated with 2 are flame resistant; however, non-scCO(2) fabrics performed better than scCO(2) fabrics in a preliminary durability study. C1 [Fontenot, Krystal R.; Easson, Michael W.; Smith, Jade; Madison, Crista; Nam, Sunghyun; Nguyen, Thach-Mien D.; Chang, SeChin; Condon, Brian D.] USDA ARS SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Easson, MW (reprint author), USDA ARS SRRC, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM michael.easson@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture FX This project was financed by the US Department of Agriculture. We thank Dr. Casey Grimm for ESI-MS and we thank Drs. Marsha R. Cole and Michael Santiago Citron for their assistance in proofreading. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEMISTS COLORISTS PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12215, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 2330-5517 J9 AATCC J RES JI AATCC J. Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 1 IS 6 BP 16 EP 26 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA CU6BJ UT WOS:000363616200003 ER PT J AU Aylward, FO Suen, G Biedermann, PHW Adams, AS Scott, JJ Malfatti, SA del Rio, TG Tringe, SG Poulsen, M Raffa, KF Klepzig, KD Currie, CR AF Aylward, Frank O. Suen, Garret Biedermann, Peter H. W. Adams, Aaron S. Scott, Jarrod J. Malfatti, Stephanie A. del Rio, Tijana Glavina Tringe, Susannah G. Poulsen, Michael Raffa, Kenneth F. Klepzig, Kier D. Currie, Cameron R. TI Convergent Bacterial Microbiotas in the Fungal Agricultural Systems of Insects SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID LEAF-CUTTER ANTS; GUT MICROBIOTA; PHYLOGENETIC CLASSIFICATION; BARK BEETLES; GROWING ANTS; COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY; HOST; DATABASE; GENES AB The ability to cultivate food is an innovation that has produced some of the most successful ecological strategies on the planet. Although most well recognized in humans, where agriculture represents a defining feature of civilization, species of ants, beetles, and termites have also independently evolved symbioses with fungi that they cultivate for food. Despite occurring across divergent insect and fungal lineages, the fungivorous niches of these insects are remarkably similar, indicating convergent evolution toward this successful ecological strategy. Here, we characterize the microbiota of ants, beetles, and termites engaged in nutritional symbioses with fungi to define the bacterial groups associated with these prominent herbivores and forest pests. Using culture-independent techniques and the in silico reconstruction of 37 composite genomes of dominant community members, we demonstrate that different insect-fungal symbioses that collectively shape ecosystems worldwide have highly similar bacterial microbiotas comprised primarily of the genera Enterobacter, Rahnella, and Pseudomonas. Although these symbioses span three orders of insects and two phyla of fungi, we show that they are associated with bacteria sharing high whole-genome nucleotide identity. Due to the fine-scale correspondence of the bacterial microbiotas of insects engaged in fungal symbioses, our findings indicate that this represents an example of convergence of entire host-microbe complexes. IMPORTANCE The cultivation of fungi for food is a behavior that has evolved independently in ants, beetles, and termites and has enabled many species of these insects to become ecologically important and widely distributed herbivores and forest pests. Although the primary fungal cultivars of these insects have been studied for decades, comparatively little is known of their bacterial microbiota. In this study, we show that diverse fungus-growing insects are associated with a common bacterial community composed of the same dominant members. Furthermore, by demonstrating that many of these bacteria have high whole-genome similarity across distantly related insect hosts that reside thousands of miles apart, we show that these bacteria are an important and underappreciated feature of diverse fungus-growing insects. Because of the similarities in the agricultural lifestyles of these insects, this is an example of convergence between both the life histories of the host insects and their symbiotic microbiota. C1 [Aylward, Frank O.; Suen, Garret; Scott, Jarrod J.; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Aylward, Frank O.; Scott, Jarrod J.; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Biedermann, Peter H. W.] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Insect Symbiosis Res Grp, Jena, Germany. [Adams, Aaron S.; Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Scott, Jarrod J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Malfatti, Stephanie A.; del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Tringe, Susannah G.] Genome Inst, Dept Energy Joint, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Poulsen, Michael] Univ Copenhagen, Sect Ecol & Evolut, Dept Biol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Klepzig, Kier D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Sourth Res Stn, Asheville, NC USA. RP Aylward, FO (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM faylward@hawaii.edu; currie@bact.wisc.edu RI Biedermann, Peter/E-3641-2013; OI Biedermann, Peter/0000-0003-4234-5659; Tringe, Susannah/0000-0001-6479-8427; Suen, Garret/0000-0002-6170-711X; Poulsen, Michael/0000-0002-2839-1715 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; USDA NRI [2008-02438]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0747002, MCB-0702025, MCB-0731822]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; SNSF [PB-BEP3_141472]; STENO grant from The Danish Council for Independent Research-Natural Sciences FX This work was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231, the USDA NRI (2008-02438), National Science Foundation grants DEB-0747002, MCB-0702025, and MCB-0731822 to C.R.C., and the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). P.H.W.B. was funded by an SNSF postdoctoral research grant (PB-BEP3_141472), and M.P. was supported by a STENO grant from The Danish Council for Independent Research-Natural Sciences. NR 78 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 5 IS 6 AR e02077-14 DI 10.1128/mBio.02077-14 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AX7CE UT WOS:000347073600038 PM 25406380 ER PT J AU Elkinton, JS Liebhold, A Boettner, GH Sremac, M AF Elkinton, Joseph S. Liebhold, Andrew Boettner, George H. Sremac, Marinko TI Invasion spread of Operophtera brumata in northeastern United States and hybridization with O-bruceata SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Forest defoliator; Hybridization; Range expansion; Spatial spread models ID MONITORING WINTER MOTH; SPANWORM LEPIDOPTERA-GEOMETRIDAE; PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS; HULST LEPIDOPTERA; NORTH-AMERICA; POPULATIONS; LYMANTRIIDAE; INHIBITOR AB We used five methods to estimate the rate of spread of the winter moth, Operophtera brumata L., a European Lepidoptera, invading the northeastern USA and occasionally hybridizing with the closely related O. bruceata. These two species utilize the same sex attractant and pheromone traps capture both species. We estimated spread based on the ratio of the two species captured in pheromone-baited traps. Population boundaries were derived from captures in a grid of traps and spread was estimated as 6.6 km/year based on displacement of population boundaries between 2005 and 2008. Radial spread rate was also estimated as 6.9 km/year from the displacement of boundaries using logistic regression of trap captures along a single east-west transect of traps deployed yearly from 2007 to 2011. We also estimated the rate of spread from the expansion of defoliation mapped during aerial surveys. Based on the displacement of defoliation boundaries from 2005 to 2008, spread rate was estimated as 6.0 km/year. Based on the year of first defoliation, spread was estimated as 4.8 km/year and regression of the square-root of the cumulative area/pi versus time yielded an estimate of 4.7 km/year. All five estimates were similar, and differences reflect the nuances of the data from which they were derived. We discuss here how the occasional hybridization with O. bruceata may be either retarding or enhancing O. brumata spread. C1 [Elkinton, Joseph S.; Boettner, George H.; Sremac, Marinko] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Elkinton, Joseph S.] Univ Massachusetts, Grad Program Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Elkinton, JS (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM elkinton@ent.umass.edu FU USDA Forest Service [09JV-11242303-005] FX We thank the following people for deploying and retrieving the pheromone traps and for sending us the moths from the following locations in 2005: MA: C. Burnham, K. Gooch, G. Witkus, ME: C. Donahue, K. Coluzzi, J. Crowe, M. Skinner, G. Smith, W. Urquhart; VT: B. Burns, J. Esden, T. Greaves, T. Hanson, R. Kelly, L. Lund, T. Simmons; NY: K. Carnes, P. Jentsch, D. Gilrein, H. McGinnis; CT: V. Smith, P. Trenchard, D. Ellis; RI: S. Baxter, H. Faubert, C. Sparks, D. Martin; NH: C. Tatum, J. Weaver We thank E. Luzader for assistance with analyses and figures. This work was supported in by a joint venture Grant No. 09JV-11242303-005 from the USDA Forest Service. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD NOV PY 2014 VL 16 IS 11 BP 2263 EP 2272 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0662-9 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ0RJ UT WOS:000342490100002 ER PT J AU Varone, L Logarzo, GA Briano, JA Hight, SD Carpenter, JE AF Varone, Laura Logarzo, Guillermo A. Briano, Juan A. Hight, Stephen D. Carpenter, James E. TI Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) use of Opuntia host species in Argentina SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Cactus moth host; Availability; Host utilization; Native range ID OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; LARVAL PERFORMANCE; FEEDING MOTH; BUTTERFLIES; BEHAVIOR; RANGE; HERBIVORE; SELECTION; SPECIALIZATION AB A central aspect in biology and ecology is to determine the combination of factors that influence the distribution of species. In the case of herbivorous insects, the distribution of herbivorous species is necessarily associated with their host plants, a pattern often referred to as "host use". Novel interactions that arise during a biological invasion can have important effects on the dynamics of that invasion, especially if it is driven by only a subset of the genetic diversity of the invading species. This is the case of the wellknown South American cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum, a successfully used biological control agent of non-native Opuntia cacti in Australia and South Africa, but now threatening unique cactus diversity and agriculture in North America. We studied the patterns of host plant usage by and host plant availability for C. cactorum under field conditions in Argentina, covering the geographical range of the four C. cactorum phylogroups and the recently documented southern distribution. We also assessed female preference and larval performance under laboratory conditions. Cactoblastis cactorum showed a geographical pattern of host use in its native range that was related to host availability. Laboratory assays of female preference showed some degree of preference to oviposit on O. ficus-indica, O. leucotricha and O. quimilo, but it was not positively correlated with the performance of larvae. These findings contribute to the further comprehension of the host use dynamics of C. cactorum in the insects' native range, and could provide useful information for assessing the risk and future spread of this insect in North America. C1 [Varone, Laura; Logarzo, Guillermo A.; Briano, Juan A.] FuEDEI, Fdn Estudio Especies Invas, RA-1686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Hight, Stephen D.] FAMU, USDA ARS CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Carpenter, James E.] USDA ARS CPMRU, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Varone, L (reprint author), FuEDEI, Fdn Estudio Especies Invas, Bolivar 1559, RA-1686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina. EM lauvarone@fuedei.org NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD NOV PY 2014 VL 16 IS 11 BP 2367 EP 2380 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0670-9 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ0RJ UT WOS:000342490100010 ER PT J AU Vidovic, B Jojic, V Maric, I Marinkovic, S Hansen, R Petanovic, R AF Vidovic, Biljana Jojic, Vida Maric, Ivana Marinkovic, Slavica Hansen, Richard Petanovic, Radmila TI Geometric morphometric study of geographic and host-related variability in Aceria spp. (Acari: Eriophyoidea) inhabiting Cirsium spp. (Asteraceae) SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Eriophyoid mites; Cirsium spp.; Geometric morphometrics; Serbia; Colorado; Inter-population variability ID CANADA THISTLE; COCONUT MITE; SUPERIMPOSITION; ERIOPHYIDAE; ASYMMETRY; ARVENSE; SCOP AB The russet mite, Aceria anthocoptes (Nalepa), is the only eriophyoid that has been recorded on Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. It has been noted in several European countries and recently in the USA. In this study we explored the geographic and host-related variability of Aceria spp. inhabiting different Cirsium spp. We applied landmark-based geometric morphometric methods to study morphological variability of three body regions (ventral, coxigenital and prodorsal) of 13 Aceria spp. populations inhabiting five Cirsium spp. in Serbia (Europe) and four Cirsium spp. in Colorado (North America). Analyses of size and shape variation revealed statistically significant differences between Aceria spp. living on European native and North American native Cirsium spp., as well as between A. anthocoptes s.s. inhabiting European C. arvense and North American C. arvense. The coxigenital region was the most informative when considering inter-population shape differences. European Aceria spp. dwelling on Cirsium spp., including A. anthocoptes s.s. from C. arvense, are characterized by higher inter-population size and shape variability than their North American counterparts. This finding supports a Eurasian origin of A. anthocoptes, presumed to consist of a complex of cryptic taxa probably coevolved with host plants in the native environment. Morphological similarity among Aceria spp. inhabiting North American native Cirsium spp. may indicate that speciation of A. anthocoptes started relatively soon after the host shift to plants different from C. arvense in the invaded region. C1 [Vidovic, Biljana; Petanovic, Radmila] Univ Belgrade, Dept Entomol & Agr Zool, Fac Agr, Belgrade 11080, Serbia. [Jojic, Vida] Univ Belgrade, Dept Genet Res, Inst Biol Res Sinisa Stankovic, Belgrade 11060, Serbia. [Maric, Ivana; Marinkovic, Slavica] Univ Belgrade, Inst Zool, Fac Biol, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. [Hansen, Richard] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Petanovic, R (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Dept Entomol & Agr Zool, Fac Agr, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11080, Serbia. EM rpetanov@agrif.bg.ac.rs FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia [III 43001, 173003] FX This work was partly supported by research grants of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia (Grants Nos. III 43001 and 173003). NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 EI 1572-9702 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 64 IS 3 BP 321 EP 335 DI 10.1007/s10493-014-9829-4 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ0RS UT WOS:000342491000006 PM 24943490 ER PT J AU Lavine, BK Mirjankar, N Deiwiche, S AF Lavine, Barry K. Mirjankar, Nikhil Deiwiche, Stephen TI Classification of the waxy condition of durum wheat by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy using wavelets and a genetic algorithm SO MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE 'Waxy' wheat; Wavelets; Near infrared spectroscopy; Genetic algorithm; Pattern recognition; Feature selection ID SEARCH PREFILTERS; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; AMYLOSE AB Near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy has been applied to the problem of differentiating four genotypes of durum wheat: 'waxy', Wx A1 null null, wx-B1 null and wild type. The test data consisted of 95 NIR reflectance spectra of wheat samples obtained from a USDA-ARS wheat breeding program. A two-step procedure for pattern recognition analysis of NIR spectral data was employed. First, the wavelet packet transform [14,15] was applied to the NIR reflectance data using wavelet filters at different scales to extract and separate low-frequency signal components from high frequency noise components. By applying these filters, each reflectance spectrum was decomposed into wavelet coefficients that represented the sample's constituent frequencies. Second, wavelet coefficients characteristic of the waxy condition of the wheat samples were identified using a genetic algorithm for pattern recognition. The pattern recognition GA employed both supervised and unsupervised learning to identify wavelet coefficients that optimized clustering of the spectra by genotype in a plot of the two largest principal components of the data. By sampling key feature subsets, scoring their PC plots, and tracking those genotypes and samples that were difficult to classify, the pattern recognition GA was able to identify a set of wavelet coefficients whose PC plot showed clustering of the wheat samples on the basis of their 'waxy' condition. Object validation was also performed to assess the predictive ability of the proposed NIR method to identify the 'waxy' condition of the wheat. An overall classification success rate of 78% was achieved for the spectral data. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lavine, Barry K.; Mirjankar, Nikhil] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Deiwiche, Stephen] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lavine, BK (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0026-265X EI 1095-9149 J9 MICROCHEM J JI Microchem J. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 117 BP 178 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.microc.2014.06.030 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA AP7LA UT WOS:000342257600028 ER PT J AU Brock, J Brandau, B Arthun, D Humphrey, AL Dominguez, G Jacobs, A AF Brock, John Brandau, Bill Arthun, Dave Humphrey, Amy L. Dominguez, Gwen Jacobs, Alayna TI Long-term results of tebuthiuron herbicide treatment on creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) in southeast Arizona, USA SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Brush control; Chihuahuan desert; Erosion; Interspace; Larrea tridentata; Tebuthiuron; Sonoran desert ID CHIHUAHUAN AB Creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) is native to the southwestern United States and central Mexico. Experimental plots of creosote bush treated with tebuthiuron herbicide in southeast Arizona in the early 1980s were rediscovered in 2010. The response over the 30-year period was monitored, revealing creosote bush was effectively controlled by tebuthiuron; however, the anticipated recolonization by native grasses was not realized. Reducing the overall vegetative canopy cover of the site may leave the soil more susceptible to erosion, negatively affecting its hydrologic function. Land management strategies should more thoroughly consider shrub treatments in ecosystems receiving less than 254 mm of annual rainfall and inadequate seed source, such as this study site. Low and inconstant precipitation are typical of the American Southwest. This study demonstrates that, while brush management techniques are effective for long periods of time, the reduction of shrub cover does not directly stimulate recolonization of the site with native grasses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Brock, John] Arizona State Univ, Coll Technol & Innovat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Brandau, Bill] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Arthun, Dave] US Dept Interior, Bur Land Management, Safford Field Off, Safford, AZ 85546 USA. [Humphrey, Amy L.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Safford Field Off, Safford, AZ 85546 USA. [Dominguez, Gwen] USDA, Coronado Natl Forest, Safford, AZ 85546 USA. [Jacobs, Alayna] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Booneville Plant Mat Ctr, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. RP Arthun, D (reprint author), US Dept Interior, Bur Land Management, Safford Field Off, 711-14th Ave, Safford, AZ 85546 USA. EM Darthun@blm.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 110 BP 44 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2014.05.021 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP0IE UT WOS:000341743900006 ER PT J AU Wheeler, TL Kalchayanand, N Bosilevac, JM AF Wheeler, T. L. Kalchayanand, N. Bosilevac, J. M. TI Pre- and post-harvest interventions to reduce pathogen contamination in the U.S. beef industry SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th International Congress of Meat Science and Technology (ICoMST) CY AUG 17-22, 2014 CL Punta del Este, URUGUAY DE E. coli; O157; Beef; Interventions; Pre-harvest; Post-harvest ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ACIDIFIED SODIUM-CHLORITE; HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; CARCASS SURFACE TISSUE; BOVINE LYMPH-NODES; IN-GROUND BEEF; FEEDLOT CATTLE; LACTIC-ACID; ANTIMICROBIAL INTERVENTIONS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM AB Significant effort has been targeted at reducing the risk of pathogens in U.S. beef products since the mid-1990s. These efforts were focused on Escherichia call O157:H7 after it was declared an adulterant in ground beef or its components. Post-harvest interventions applied to hides and carcasses by beef processors resulted in significant progress. Effective pre-harvest approaches proved hard to identify and implement. Six additional pathogenic E. coli serogroups were made adulterants in some beef products in 2012 and discussion regarding Salmonella is ongoing. Success to date has resulted from the combination of regulatory, research, and industry efforts to reduce the presence of pathogens in beef. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wheeler, T. L.; Kalchayanand, N.; Bosilevac, J. M.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wheeler, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM tommy.wheeler@ars.usda.gov NR 134 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 EI 1873-4138 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 98 IS 3 SI SI BP 372 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.026 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AO6MT UT WOS:000341466900008 PM 25027798 ER PT J AU Young, CJ Liu, SG Schumacher, JA Schumacher, TE Kaspar, TC McCarty, GW Napton, D Jaynes, DB AF Young, Claudia J. Liu, Shuguang Schumacher, Joseph A. Schumacher, Thomas E. Kaspar, Thomas C. McCarty, Gregory W. Napton, Darrell Jaynes, Dan B. TI Evaluation of a model framework to estimate soil and soil organic carbon redistribution by water and tillage using Cs-137 in two US Midwest agricultural fields SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Erosion; Deposition; Water erosion; Tillage; Cs-137; Organic carbon ID SPATIAL-PATTERNS; DEM RESOLUTION; LOSS EQUATION; IOWA FARMS; EROSION; YIELD; RATES; PREDICTION; DEPOSITION; IMPACT AB Cultivated lands in the U.S. Midwest have been affected by soil erosion, causing soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution in the landscape and other environmental and agricultural problems. The importance of SOC redistribution on soil productivity and crop yield, however, is still uncertain. In this study, we used a model framework, which includes the Unit Stream Power-based Erosion Deposition (USPED) and the Tillage Erosion Prediction (TEP) models, to understand the soil and SOC redistribution caused by water and tillage erosion in two agricultural fields in the U.S. Midwest. This model framework was evaluated for different digital elevation model (DEM) spatial resolutions (10-m, 24-m, 30-m, and 56-m) and topographic exponents (m = 1.0-1.6 and n = 1.0-13) using soil redistribution rates from Cs-137 measurements. The results showed that the aggregated 24-m DEM, m = 1.4 and n = 1.0 for rill erosion, and m = 1.0 and n = 1.0 for sheet erosion, provided the best fit with the observation data at both sites. Moreover, estimated average SOC redistributions were 13 +/- 9.8 g C m(-2) yr(-1) in field site 1 and 3.6 +/- 14.3 g C m(-2) yr(-1) in field site 2. Spatial distribution patterns showed SOC loss (negative values) in the eroded areas and SOC gain (positive value) in the deposition areas. This study demonstrated the importance of the spatial resolution and the topographic exponents to estimate and map soil redistribution and the SOC dynamics throughout the landscape, helping to identify places where erosion and deposition from water and tillage are occurring at high rates. Additional research is needed to improve the application of the model framework for use in local and regional studies where rainfall erosivity and cover management factors vary. Therefore, using this model framework can help to improve the information about the spatial distribution of soil erosion across agricultural landscapes and to gain a better understanding of SOC dynamics within eroding and previously eroded fields. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Young, Claudia J.] ERT Inc, US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Young, Claudia J.; Liu, Shuguang] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Schumacher, Joseph A.; Schumacher, Thomas E.; Napton, Darrell] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Kaspar, Thomas C.; Jaynes, Dan B.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McCarty, Gregory W.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Young, CJ (reprint author), ERT Inc, USGS EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM cyoung@usgs.gov OI Young, Claudia J/0000-0002-0859-7206 FU USGS [G10PC00044] FX This study was part of the USGS Land Carbon project. The work of C.J. Young (ERT, Inc.) was performed under USGS contract G10PC00044. We thank Yiping Wu for an internal review of this manuscript and for providing some suggestions for improvement. We also thank Thomas Adamson for editing the document to improve English usage and grammar. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD NOV PY 2014 VL 232 BP 437 EP 448 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.05.019 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AN1AS UT WOS:000340315700042 ER PT J AU Wang, PJ Gao, F Masek, JG AF Wang, Peijuan Gao, Feng Masek, Jeffrey G. TI Operational Data Fusion Framework for Building Frequent Landsat-Like Imagery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Crop condition monitoring; data fusion; Landsat; Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS); spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (STARFM); time series; vegetation index (VI) ID MODIS DATA; REFLECTANCE; GENERATION; PRODUCTS; ALBEDO; MODEL; BRDF AB An operational data fusion framework was built to generate dense time-series Landsat-like images by fusing MODIS data products and Landsat imagery. The spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (STARFM) was integrated in the framework. Compared with earlier implementations of the STARFM, several improvements have been incorporated in the operational data fusion framework. These include viewing angular correction on the MODIS daily bidirectional reflectance, precise and automated coregistration on MODIS and Landsat paired images, and automatic selection of Landsat and MODIS paired dates. Three tests that use MODIS and Landsat data pairs from the same season of the same year, the same season of two different years, and different seasons from adjacent years were performed over a Landsat scene in northern India using the integrated STARFM operational framework. The results show that the accuracy of the predicted results depends on the data consistency between the MODIS nadir bidirectional-reflectance-distribution-function-adjusted reflectance and Landsat surface reflectance on both the paired dates and the prediction dates. When MODIS and Landsat reflectances were consistent, the maximum difference of the predicted results for all Landsat spectral bands, except the blue band, was about 0.007 (or 5.1% relatively). However, differences were larger (0.026 in absolute and 13.8% in relative, except the blue band) when two data sources were inconsistent. In an extreme case, the difference for blue-band reflectance was as large as 0.029 (or 39.1% relatively). Case studies focused on monitoring vegetation condition in central India and the Hindu Kush Himalayan region. In general, spatial and temporal landscape variation could be identified with a high level of detail from the fused data. Vegetation index trajectories derived from the fused products could be associated with specific land cover types that occur in the study regions. The operational data fusion framework provides a feasible and cost-effective way to build dense time-series images at Landsat spatial resolution for cloudy regions. C1 [Wang, Peijuan] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Wang, Peijuan; Gao, Feng] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Wang, PJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM wangpj@cams.cma.gov.cn; Feng.Gao@ars.usda.gov; jeffrey.g.masek@nasa.gov RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012 FU NASA Research Program; Landsat Science Team Project; National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB951304]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41371410, 41071224]; Basic Research and Operating Expenses of CAMS [2013Y006] FX This work was supported in part by the NASA Research Program, by the Landsat Science Team Project, by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant 2010CB951304, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 41371410 and Grant 41071224, and by the Basic Research and Operating Expenses of CAMS under Grant 2013Y006. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD NOV PY 2014 VL 52 IS 11 BP 7353 EP 7365 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2311445 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AN0MN UT WOS:000340278800047 ER PT J AU Gillan, JK Karl, JW Duniway, M Elaksher, A AF Gillan, Jeffrey K. Karl, Jason W. Duniway, Michael Elaksher, Ahmed TI Modeling vegetation heights from high resolution stereo aerial photography: An application for broad-scale rangeland monitoring SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Rangeland monitoring; Photogrammetry; Vegetation height; Digital terrain model; Remote sensing ID LIDAR; IMAGERY; INVENTORY; COVER; DISK; CLASSIFICATION; COMMUNITIES; FOREST; USA AB Vertical vegetation structure in rangeland ecosystems can be a valuable indicator for assessing rangeland health and monitoring riparian areas, post-fire recovery, available forage for livestock, and wildlife habitat. Federal land management agencies are directed to monitor and manage rangelands at landscapes scales, but traditional field methods for measuring vegetation heights are often too costly and time consuming to apply at these broad scales. Most emerging remote sensing techniques capable of measuring surface and vegetation height (e.g., LiDAR or synthetic aperture radar) are often too expensive, and require specialized sensors. An alternative remote sensing approach that is potentially more practical for managers is to measure vegetation heights from digital stereo aerial photographs. As aerial photography is already commonly used for rangeland monitoring, acquiring it in stereo enables three-dimensional modeling and estimation of vegetation height. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and accuracy of estimating shrub heights from high-resolution (HR, 3-cm ground sampling distance) digital stereo-pair aerial images. Overlapping HR imagery was taken in March 2009 near Lake Mead, Nevada and 5-cm resolution digital surface models (DSMs) were created by photogrammetric methods (aerial triangulation, digital image matching) for twenty-six test plots. We compared the heights of individual shrubs and plot averages derived from the DSMs to field measurements. We found strong positive correlations between field and image measurements for several metrics. Individual shrub heights tended to be underestimated in the imagery, however, accuracy was higher for dense, compact shrubs compared with shrubs with thin branches. Plot averages of shrub height from DSMs were also strongly correlated to field measurements but consistently underestimated. Grasses and forbs were generally too small to be detected with the resolution of the DSMs. Estimates of vertical structure will be more accurate in plots having low herbaceous cover and high amounts of dense shrubs. Through the use of statistically derived correction factors or choosing field methods that better correlate with the imagery, vegetation heights from HR DSMs could be a valuable technique for broad-scale rangeland monitoring needs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gillan, Jeffrey K.; Karl, Jason W.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Duniway, Michael] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA. [Elaksher, Ahmed] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Engn Technol & Surveying Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Gillan, JK (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, POB 30003,MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jgillan@nmsu.edu OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785 FU USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) FX This project was funded, in part, through the USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). We are grateful for assistance provided by staff at the National Park Service Lake Mead National Recreation Area and Mojave Desert Network. M. Mattocks and N. Baquera assisted in collection of the field data. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 10 U2 109 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 144 BP 226 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.028 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AM6YL UT WOS:000340011800027 PM 24973611 ER PT J AU Bowker, BC Zhuang, H Buhr, RJ AF Bowker, Brian C. Zhuang, Hong Buhr, Richard J. TI Impact of carcass scalding and chilling on muscle proteins and meat quality of broiler breast fillets SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Broiler; Scalding; Chilling; Meat quality; Muscle protein ID POSTMORTEM PROTEOLYSIS; SARCOPLASMIC PROTEINS; PECTORALIS MAJOR; EVAPORATIVE AIR; PORCINE MUSCLE; CHICKEN MUSCLE; FUNCTIONALITY; TENDERNESS; IMMERSION; POULTRY AB The objective of this study was to determine the effects of broiler carcass scalding and chilling methods on meat quality and muscle proteins. During processing, carcasses were hard (60 degrees C, 1.5 min) or soft (52.8 degrees C, 3 min) scalded, and either immersion chilled (IC: 0.5 degrees C, 40 min) or air chilled (AC: 0.5 degrees C, 120 min). Breast fillets were deboned at 4 h postmortem and used for measuring meat quality and muscle protein characteristics. Scalding by chilling treatment interaction effects on meat quality were not observed. Air chilled carcasses had greater pH(24), and reduced drip loss and shear force compared to IC carcasses. Cook yield, color (L*a*b*), and moisture content were not different between chilling treatments. Scalding treatments did not influence quality traits. Sarcoplasmic protein solubility was not influenced by chilling treatment, but was greater in hard versus soft scalded carcasses. Myofibrillar protein solubility was greater in fillets from soft scalded IC carcasses. Alterations in the electrophoretic profiles of the myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins due to treatments indicated minor changes in protein degradation and solubility. Data suggest that while only chilling method influenced meat quality, both scalding and chilling methods influenced protein solubility and degradation in breast fillets deboned 4 h postmortem. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bowker, Brian C.; Zhuang, Hong; Buhr, Richard J.] USDA, Richard Russell Res Ctr, ARS, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bowker, BC (reprint author), USDA, Richard Russell Res Ctr, ARS, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM brian.bowker@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1 BP 156 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.05.008 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AM3TR UT WOS:000339776200022 ER PT J AU Li, CC Huang, LH Chen, JQ AF Li, ChangCheng Huang, Lihan Chen, Jinquan TI Comparative study of thermal inactivation kinetics of Salmonella spp. in peanut butter and peanut butter spread SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Thermal inactivation; Salmonella spp.; Peanut butter; Kinetics analysis ID ENTERICA; RESISTANCE; TENNESSEE; SURVIVAL; TYPHIMURIUM; ORANIENBURG; OUTBREAK AB Peanut butter has been implicated in multi-state outbreaks of salmonellosis in recent years. Studies have shown that Salmonella exhibited increased thermal resistance in peanut butter. However, little is known about the effect of product formulation on the kinetics of survival of Salmonella during thermal treatment. Therefore, the objective of this research was to compare the thermal resistance of Salmonella in four commercially available peanut butter and spread products, and evaluate the effect of product formulation on the survival of this pathogen during heating. Four peanut butter and spread samples, including Omega 3 (A), regular fat (B), reduced sugar (C), and reduced fat (D), inoculated with a 6-strain cocktail of Salmonella spp., were heated at 70, 75, 80, 85, and 90 degrees C. Experimental results showed that the highest thermal resistance of Salmonella was found in the samples with reduced fat, while the least in the samples with Omega 3 formulation. No significant difference in the bacterial thermal resistance was observed in the regular fat and reduced sugar formulations. The Weibull survival model was used to describe the survival curves. Results showed that the average exponent (shape factor) of the model ranged from 0.38 to 0.662, suggesting progressively decreased rate of inactivation during heating. The scale (rate) coefficients of the model increased linearly with temperature. The calculated minimum lethal temperature for Salmonella was 54.8, 59.8, 59.5, and 63.9 degrees C in samples A, B, C, and D, respectively. No tail effect was observed. The results of this study suggest that proper formulation of peanut butter and spread may enhance thermal inactivation of Salmonella. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Li, ChangCheng; Chen, Jinquan] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Sch Food Sci, Fuzhou 350001, Peoples R China. [Huang, Lihan] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lihan.huang@ars.usda.gov; chenjq6613@163.com OI Huang, Lihan/0000-0002-9565-4503 FU USDA/NIFA [2011-68003-20096] FX The authors would like to thank our colleague Mr. Harter Barry, for technical assistance. This project was supported by a USDA/NIFA grant (2011-68003-20096). NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD NOV PY 2014 VL 45 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.04.028 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AL0KF UT WOS:000338815100021 ER PT J AU Hossain, F Follett, P Vu, KD Salmieri, S Senoussi, C Lacroix, M AF Hossain, Farah Follett, Peter Khanh Dang Vu Salmieri, Stephane Senoussi, Chaabane Lacroix, Monique TI Radiosensitization of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum using basil essential oil and ionizing radiation for food decontamination SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus niger; Penicillium chrysogenum; Basil EO; Ionizing radiation; Relative sensitivity ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; IN-GROUND BEEF; GAMMA-RADIATION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; GROWTH; ANTIFUNGAL; FUNGAL; PLANTS; IRRADIATION AB Stored products may be contaminated by pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillum. Fumigation with plant essential oil (EO) and irradiation treatment are options to control spoilage organisms. Basil essential oil and irradiation were tested alone and in combination for their antifungal effects in rice. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of basil EO was found to be 0.1% (v/v) against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum after 48 h. Radiosensitization of A. niger and P. chrysogenum in presence of 1% or 2% (v/v) basil EO was evaluated in vitro and in situ. At 1 and 2% of basil EO, the in vitro D-10 value was 0.43 and 0.31 kGy respectively for A. niger and 0.44 and 0.34 kGy respectively for P. chrysogenum. In inoculated rice, D-10 values for controls (sample without EO) were 0.67 and 0.63 kGy for A. niger and P. chrysogenum respectively, and the values were decreased at higher EO concentrations. For A. niger, a 2% (v/wt) basil EO alone caused a 0.42 to 1.18 log reduction on days 1 and 14 respectively, whereas treatment with 2 kGy radiation alone caused a 2.18 log reduction. The combined treatments resulted in a 4.6 log reduction of A. niger after 14 days of storage. For P. chrysogenum, 2% basil EO alone caused a 0.76 and a 1.12 log reduction on days 1 and 14 respectively, whereas a 2 kGy radiation dose caused a 2.41 log reduction. The combined treatments resulted in a 5.0 log reduction of P. chrysogenum after 14 days of storage. The findings demonstrated the potential of basil EO as antifungal agent and its efficacy to increase the radiosensitivity of A. niger and P. chrysogenum during irradiation treatment. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hossain, Farah; Khanh Dang Vu; Salmieri, Stephane; Senoussi, Chaabane; Lacroix, Monique] INRS Inst Armand Frappier, Res Labs Sci Appl Food, Laval, PQ H7V 1B7, Canada. [Follett, Peter] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Lacroix, M (reprint author), INRS Inst Armand Frappier, Res Labs Sci Appl Food, 531 Prairies Blvd, Laval, PQ H7V 1B7, Canada. EM monique.lacroix@iaf.inrs.ca OI chaabane, senoussi/0000-0002-4039-6834 FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-5320-2-097F, 58-5320-3-019F]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [155141-2009] FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (58-5320-2-097F and 58-5320-3-019F) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)-Discovery Programme (155141-2009). Nordion Inc. is also acknowledged for the irradiation procedures. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD NOV PY 2014 VL 45 BP 156 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.04.022 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AL0KF UT WOS:000338815100023 ER PT J AU Carpenter, WO Goodwiller, BT Chambers, JP Wren, DG Kuhnle, RA AF Carpenter, Wayne O., Jr. Goodwiller, Bradley T. Chambers, James P. Wren, Daniel G. Kuhnle, Roger A. TI Acoustic measurement of suspensions of clay and silt particles using single frequency attenuation and backscatter SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE Sediment; Ultrasound; Attenuation; Backscatter; Fines ID SIZE AB The use of ultrasonic acoustic technology to measure the concentration of fine suspended sediments has the potential to greatly increase the temporal and spatial resolution of sediment measurements while reducing the need for personnel to be present at gauging stations during storm events. The conversion of high-frequency attenuation and backscatter amplitudes to suspended silt and clay concentration has received relatively little attention in the literature. In order to improve the state of knowledge, a laboratory investigation was undertaken by the National Center for Physical Acoustics in cooperation with the USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory. In these experiments, two immersion transducers were used to measure attenuation and backscatter from 20 MHz acoustic signals propagated through suspended clay (smectite and kaolinite) and silt particles. The resulting data includes attenuation values for a wide range of concentrations (0.3-14 g/L) and particle sizes (0.03-14 mu m diameter). Attenuation curves for each particle were compared to the theoretical attenuation curves developed by Urick (1948) and Sheng and Hay (1988) for scattering as presented by Landers (2010) [5,11,12]. In addition, it was found that the backscatter signal could be used to discriminate between suspensions dominated by clay or silt. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carpenter, Wayne O., Jr.; Goodwiller, Bradley T.; Chambers, James P.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wren, Daniel G.; Kuhnle, Roger A.] USDA ARS NSL, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Carpenter, WO (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, 1 Coliseum Dr, University, MS 38677 USA. EM wocarpen@olemiss.edu; btgoodwi@olemiss.edu; chambers@olemiss.edu; Daniel.Wren@ARS.USDA.GOV; Roger.Kuhnle@ARS.USDA.GOV FU Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project (FISP) FX This work was funded by the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project (FISP). Capable technical support was provided by Glenn Gray of the National Sedimentation Laboratory and Alex Kajdan at the University of Mississippi. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X EI 1872-910X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 85 BP 123 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2014.04.013 PG 7 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA AJ7LC UT WOS:000337877200012 ER PT J AU Zellner, M Watkins, C Massey, D Westphal, L Brooks, J Ross, K AF Zellner, Moira Watkins, Cristy Massey, Dean Westphal, Lynne Brooks, Jeremy Ross, Kristen TI Advancing Collective Decision-Making Theory with Integrated Agent-Based Modeling and Ethnographic Data Analysis: An Example in Ecological Restoration SO JASSS-THE JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL SOCIETIES AND SOCIAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Collective Decision-Making; Ethnographic Data; Ecological Restoration; Empirical Modeling ID GROUP-PERFORMANCE; EMERGENCE; COMMUNITY; KNOWLEDGE; SYSTEMS; ADVICE AB Ecological restoration actions generally result from collective decision-making processes and can involve diverse, at times contentious, views. As such, it is critical to understand these processes and the factors that might influence the resolution of diverse perspectives into a set of coordinated actions. This paper describes the adaptation and calibration of a stylized collective decision-making agent-based model using ethnographic data, to advance theory on how decisions emerge in the context of ecological restoration in the Chicago Wilderness. The prototypical model provided structure and organization of the empirical data of two Chicago Wilderness member groups and revealed organizational structures, patterns of interactions via formal and informal meetings, and parameter values for the various mechanisms. The organization of the data allowed us to identify where our original model mechanisms required adaptation. After model modifications were completed, baseline scenarios were contrasted with observations for final parameter calibration and to elaborate explanations of the study cases. This exercise allowed us to identify the components and mechanisms in the system to which the outputs are most sensitive. We constructed relevant hypothetical scenarios around these critical components, and found that key liaisons, agents with high interaction frequencies and high mutual respect values are useful in promoting efficient decision processes, but are limited in their ability to change the collective position with respect to a restoration practice. Simulations suggest that final collective position can be changed when there is a more equitable distribution of agents across groups, or the key liaison is very persuasive (i.e. interacts frequently and is highly respected) but is non-reciprocal (i.e. does not respect others highly). Our work advances our understanding of key mechanisms influencing collective decision processes and illustrates the value of agent-based modeling and its integration with ethnographic data analysis to advance the theory of collective decision making. C1 [Zellner, Moira; Massey, Dean] Univ Illinois, Inst Environm Sci & Policy, Dept Urban Planning & Policy, Chicago, IL 60558 USA. [Westphal, Lynne] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Zellner, M (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Inst Environm Sci & Policy, Dept Urban Planning & Policy, 412 S Peoria St,MC 348, Chicago, IL 60558 USA. EM mzellner@uic.edu; critkins@gmail.com; dean.massey@gmail.com; lwestphal@fs.fed.us; brooks.719@osu.edu; kristenrossuic@gmail.com RI Brooks, Jeremy/D-1849-2013 NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU J A S S S PI GUILDFORD PA UNIV SURREY, DEPT SOCIOLOGY, GUILDFORD GU2 7XH, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 1460-7425 J9 JASSS-J ARTIF SOC S JI JASSS PD OCT 31 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 4 AR 11 PG 21 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA AW3IX UT WOS:000346180800013 ER PT J AU Kogan, O Khasin, M Meerson, B Schneider, D Myers, CR AF Kogan, Oleg Khasin, Michael Meerson, Baruch Schneider, David Myers, Christopher R. TI Two-strain competition in quasineutral stochastic disease dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STATIONARY DISTRIBUTION; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; LOGISTIC MODEL; EXTINCTION; POPULATIONS; EPIDEMICS; OUTBREAKS; FIXATION; TIMES AB We develop a perturbation method for studying quasineutral competition in a broad class of stochastic competition models and apply it to the analysis of fixation of competing strains in two epidemic models. The first model is a two-strain generalization of the stochastic susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model. Here we extend previous results due to Parsons and Quince [Theor. Popul. Biol. 72, 468 (2007)], Parsons et al. [Theor. Popul. Biol. 74, 302 (2008)], and Lin, Kim, and Doering [J. Stat. Phys. 148, 646 (2012)]. The second model, a two-strain generalization of the stochastic susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model with population turnover, has not been studied previously. In each of the two models, when the basic reproduction numbers of the two strains are identical, a system with an infinite population size approaches a point on the deterministic coexistence line (CL): a straight line of fixed points in the phase space of subpopulation sizes. Shot noise drives one of the strain populations to fixation, and the other to extinction, on a time scale proportional to the total population size. Our perturbation method explicitly tracks the dynamics of the probability distribution of the subpopulations in the vicinity of the CL. We argue that, whereas the slow strain has a competitive advantage for mathematically "typical" initial conditions, it is the fast strain that is more likely to win in the important situation when a few infectives of both strains are introduced into a susceptible population. C1 [Kogan, Oleg; Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Lab Atom & Solid State Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Khasin, Michael] SGT Inc, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. [Meerson, Baruch] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Schneider, David] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schneider, David] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kogan, O (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Lab Atom & Solid State Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM obk5@cornell.edu RI Schneider, David/H-2236-2012 OI Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385 FU United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) [2012145]; Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-10-X-00138] FX We are grateful to Charles R. Doering and Leonard M. Sander for attracting our interest in quasineutral competition and to Michael C. Cross and Mark I. Dykman for a discussion of phase diffusion and drift in noisy limit cycles. This research was supported in part by Grant No. 2012145 from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), and in part by the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security via interagency Agreement No. HSHQDC-10-X-00138. B.M. acknowledges the hospitality of the Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, where this project was started. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT 31 PY 2014 VL 90 IS 4 AR 042149 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.90.042149 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AS2HO UT WOS:000344100800004 PM 25375480 ER PT J AU Yan, L DeMars, LC AF Yan, Lin DeMars, Lana C. TI Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Spontaneous Metastasis of Lewis Lung Carcinoma in Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Deficient and Wild-Type Mice SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; NEGATIVE BREAST-CANCER; FACTOR-ALPHA; PROSTATE-CANCER; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; IN-VIVO; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; METHYLSELENINIC ACID; CELL-ADHESION; OBESITY AB This study investigated the effects of a high-fat diet on spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficient (PAI-1(-/-)) and wild-type mice. The high-fat diet increased the number of pulmonary metastases by 60% (p<0.01), tumor cross-sectional area by 82% (p<0.05) and tumor volume by 130% (p<0.05) compared to the AIN93G diet. Deficiency in PAI-1 reduced the number of metastases by 35% (p<0.01) compared to wildtype mice. In mice fed the high-fat diet, PAI-1 deficiency reduced tumor cross-sectional area by 52% (p<0.05) and tumor volume by 61% (p<0.05) compared to their wild-type counterparts; however, PAI-1 deficiency affected neither area nor volume in mice fed the AIN93G diet. Adipose and plasma concentrations of PAI-1 were significantly higher in high-fat fed wild-type mice than in their AIN93G-fed counterparts. Adipose and plasma PAI-1 were not detectable in PAI-1(-/-) mice regardless of the diet. Mice deficient in PAI-1 showed significantly greater plasma concentrations of monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, leptin, vascular endothelial growth factor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and insulin compared to wild-type mice, indicating a compensatory overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, angiogenic factors and insulin in the absence of PAI-1. We conclude that PAI-1 produced by the host, including that by adipose tissue, promotes high-fat enhanced metastasis of LLC. C1 [Yan, Lin; DeMars, Lana C.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Yan, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM lin.yan@ars.usda.gov OI yan, lin/0000-0003-3646-6374 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Research project [5450-51000-045-00D] FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Research project 5450-51000-045-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 30 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e110869 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110869 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX2HU UT WOS:000346765000031 PM 25356654 ER PT J AU Richard-Mazet, A Goutebroze, S Le Gros, FX Swayne, DE Bublot, M AF Richard-Mazet, Alexandra Goutebroze, Sylvain Le Gros, Francois-Xavier Swayne, David E. Bublot, Michel TI Immunogenicity and efficacy of fowlpox-vectored and inactivated avian influenza vaccines alone or in a prime-boost schedule in chickens with maternal antibodies SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; HPAI H5N1 STRAINS; VACCINATION; PROTECTION; IMMUNITY; CHALLENGE; POULTRY; STRATEGIES; BROILERS; BIRDS AB Inactivated and fowlpox virus (FP)-vectored vaccines have been used to control H5 avian influenza (AI) in poultry. In H5 AI endemic countries, breeder flocks are vaccinated and therefore, maternally-derived antibodies (MDA) are transferred to their progeny. Results of three immunogenicity and one efficacy studies performed in birds with or without MDA indicated that the immunogenicity of an inactivated vaccine based on a H5N9 AI isolate (inH5N9) was severely impaired in chicks hatched from inH5N9-vaccinated breeders. This MDA interference was lower when breeders received only one administration of the same vaccine and could be overcome by priming the chicks at day-of-age with a live recombinant FP-vectored vaccine with H5 avian influenza gene insert (FP-AI). The interference of anti-FP MDA was of lower intensity than the interference of anti-AI MDA. The highest interference observed on the prime-boost immunogenicity was in chicks hatched from breeders vaccinated with the same prime-boost scheme. The level of protection against an antigenic variant H5N1 highly pathogenic AI isolate from Indonesia against which the FP-AI or inH5N9 alone was poorly protective could be circumvented by the prime-boost regimen in birds with either FP or AI MDA. Thus, the immunogenicity of vaccines in young chicks with MDA depends on the vaccination scheme and the type of vaccine used in their parent flocks. The heterologous prime-boost in birds with MDA may at least partially overcome MDA interference on inactivated vaccine. C1 [Richard-Mazet, Alexandra; Goutebroze, Sylvain; Le Gros, Francois-Xavier; Bublot, Michel] Merial SAS, R&D, F-69007 Lyon, France. [Swayne, David E.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bublot, M (reprint author), Merial SAS, R&D, 254 Rue M Merieux, F-69007 Lyon, France. EM michel.bublot@merial.com FU French Ministry of Industry via LyonBioPole (Lyon, France) FX This work was supported by the French Ministry of Industry via LyonBioPole (Lyon, France). We thank Sandrine Chanavat-Bizzini, Michelle Duboeuf, J.-F. Piriou, J.-L. Dumas, F. Vermorel, J. Beck for technical assistance and V. Cozette for statistical analysis of study 3. The NIBRG14 and NIBRG23 H5N1 viruses were kindly provided by NIBSC. We thank the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture for cooperation and providing viruses and sequence data to the veterinary health research and diagnostics organization and laboratories. We gratefully acknowledge the authors, originating (Dr. Teguh Y. Prajitno) and submitting (Koel, B.F.; van der Vliet, S.; Burke, D.F.; Bestebroer, T.M.; Bharoto, E.E.; Herliana, I.; Laksono, B.M.; Xu, K.; Skepner, E.; Russell, C.A.; Rimmelzwaan, G.F.; Perez, D.R.; Smith, D.J.; Prajitno, T.Y.; Yasa, I.W.W.; Osterhaus, A.D.M.E.; Fouchier, R.A.M.) laboratories of the Indonesian H5N1 challenge HA sequence from GISAID's EpiFlu (TM) Database, on which this research is based; all submitters of data may be contacted directly via the GISAID website [17]. TROVAC and DIFTOSEC are registered trademarks of Merial in the United States of America and in France, respectively, and elsewhere. BLAST is a registered trademark of the National Library of Medicine. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 EI 1297-9716 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD OCT 30 PY 2014 VL 45 AR 107 DI 10.1186/s13567-014-0107-6 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AW0DL UT WOS:000345960400001 PM 25359591 ER PT J AU Silver, K Jiang, HB Fu, JP Phillips, TW Beeman, RW Park, Y AF Silver, Kristopher Jiang, Hongbo Fu, Jinping Phillips, Thomas W. Beeman, Richard W. Park, Yoonseong TI The Tribolium castaneum cell line TcA: a new tool kit for cell biology SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID RED FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; BEETLE; GENES; EXPRESSION; HORMONE; ORANGE; GENOME; RNAI AB The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, is an agriculturally important insect pest that has been widely used as a model organism. Recently, an adherent cell line (BCIRL-TcA-CLG1 or TcA) was developed from late pupae of the red flour beetle. Next generation transcriptome sequencing of TcA cells demonstrated expression of a wide variety of genes associated with specialized functions in chitin metabolism, immune responses and cellular and systemic RNAi pathways. Accordingly, we evaluated the sensitivity of TcA cells to dsRNA to initiate an RNAi response. TcA cells were highly sensitive to minute amounts of dsRNA, with a minimum effective dose of 100 pg/mL resulting in significant suppression of gene expression. We have also developed a plasmid containing two TcA-specific promoters, the promoter from the 40S ribosomal protein subunit (TC006550) and a bi-directional heat shock promoter (TcHS70) from the intergenic space between heat shock proteins 68a and b. These promoters have been employed to provide high levels of either constitutive (TC006550) or inducible (TcHS70) gene expression of the reporter proteins. Our results show that the TcA cell line, with its sensitivity to RNAi and functional TcA-specific promoters, is an invaluable resource for studying basic molecular and physiological questions. C1 [Silver, Kristopher] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anat & Physiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Jiang, Hongbo; Fu, Jinping; Phillips, Thomas W.; Beeman, Richard W.; Park, Yoonseong] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Jiang, Hongbo] Southwest Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Key Lab Entomol & Pest Control Engn, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China. [Beeman, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Park, Y (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ypark@ksu.edu OI Silver, Kristopher/0000-0002-8140-2786 FU National institute of health [R01AI090062]; National Nature Science Foundation of China [31201508]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20120182120019]; Kansas State University Open Access Publishing Fund FX This paper is contribution no. 15-096-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. HJ and YP were supported in part by National institute of health; Grant Number: R01AI090062, by National Nature Science Foundation of China (31201508) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20120182120019). Dr. S. Muthukrishnan (KSU, USA) and Dr. G. Butcher (University Gottingen, Germany) provided the sequences for elytra and pupal stage, respectively. Publication of this article was funded in part by the Kansas State University Open Access Publishing Fund. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 30 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 6840 DI 10.1038/srep06840 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AS0RW UT WOS:000343986400011 PM 25354547 ER PT J AU Lu, YJ Luthria, D Fuerst, EP Kiszonas, AM Yu, LL Morris, CF AF Lu, Yingjian Luthria, Devanand Fuerst, E. Patrick Kiszonas, Alecia M. Yu, Liangli Morris, Craig F. TI Effect of Processing on Phenolic Composition of Dough and Bread Fractions Made from Refined and Whole Wheat Flour of Three Wheat Varieties SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE whole and refined wheat; phenolic acids analysis; three bread fractrions; flour and two dough fraction; two base hydrolysis and extraction methods ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; RYE BREAD; ACIDS; GRAIN; PRODUCTS; EXTRACTS; CEREALS; HEALTH; FIBER; L. AB This study investigated the effect of breadmaking on the assay of phenolic acids from flour, dough, and bread fractions of three whole and refined wheat varieties. Comparison of the efficacy of two commonly used methods for hydrolysis and extraction of phenoilc acids showed that yields of total phenolic acids (TPA) were 5-17% higher among all varieties and flour types when samples were directly hydrolyzed in the presence of ascorbate and EDTA as compared to the method separating free, soluble conjugates and bound, insoluble phenolic acids. Ferulic acid (FA) was the predominant phenolic acid, accounting for means of 59 and 81% of TPA among all refined and whole wheat fractions, respectively. All phenolic acids measured were more abundant in whole wheat than in refined samples. Results indicated that the total quantified phenolic acids did not change significantly when breads were prepared from refined and whole wheat flour. Thus, the potential phytochemical health benefits of total phenolic acids appear to be preserved during bread baking. C1 [Lu, Yingjian; Yu, Liangli] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lu, Yingjian; Luthria, Devanand] ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fuerst, E. Patrick; Kiszonas, Alecia M.; Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Morris, Craig F.] ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Luthria, D (reprint author), ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Dave.Luthria@ars.usda.gov FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-02347] FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant 2009-02347 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 29 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 43 BP 10431 EP 10436 DI 10.1021/jf501941r PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AS1MB UT WOS:000344044000005 PM 25286188 ER PT J AU Heikkinen, H Elder, T Maaheimo, H Rovio, S Rahikainen, J Kruus, K Tamminen, T AF Heikkinen, Harri Elder, Thomas Maaheimo, Hannu Rovio, Stella Rahikainen, Jenni Kruus, Kristiina Tamminen, Tarja TI Impact of Steam Explosion on the Wheat Straw Lignin Structure Studied by Solution-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Density Functional Methods SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE wheat straw; lignin; 2D NMR; P-31 NMR; steam explosion; tricin ID NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; WOOD; HSQC; BIOSYNTHESIS; COMPLEX AB Chemical changes of lignin induced by the steam explosion (SE) process were elucidated. Wheat straw was studied as the raw material, and lignins were isolated by the enzymatic mild acidolysis lignin (EMAL) procedure before and after the SE treatment for analyses mainly by two-dimensional (2D) [heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC)] and P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The beta-O-4 structures were found to be homolytically cleaved, followed by recoupling to beta-5 linkages. The homolytic cleavage/recoupling reactions were also studied by computational methods, which verified their thermodynamic feasibility. The presence of the tricin bound to wheat straw lignin was confirmed, and it was shown to participate in lignin reactions during the SE treatment. The preferred homolytic beta-O-4 cleavage reaction was calculated to follow bond dissociation energies: G-O-G (guaiacyl) (69.7 kcal/mol) > G-O-S (syringyl) (68.4 kcal/mol) > G-O-T (tricin) (67.0 kcal/mol). C1 [Heikkinen, Harri; Maaheimo, Hannu; Rovio, Stella; Rahikainen, Jenni; Kruus, Kristiina; Tamminen, Tarja] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, FI-02044 Espoo, Vtt, Finland. [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Heikkinen, H (reprint author), VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Biologinkuja 7, FI-02044 Espoo, Vtt, Finland. EM harri.heikkinen@vtt.fi NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 10 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 29 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 43 BP 10437 EP 10444 DI 10.1021/jf504622j PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AS1MB UT WOS:000344044000006 PM 25290760 ER PT J AU Bowman, MJ Dien, BS Vermillion, KE Mertens, JA AF Bowman, Michael J. Dien, Bruce S. Vermillion, Karl E. Mertens, Jeffrey A. TI Structural characterization of (1 -> 2)-beta-xylose-(1 -> 3)-alpha-arabinose-containing oligosaccharide products of extracted switchgrass (Panicum virgatum, L.) xylan after exhaustive enzymatic treatment with alpha-arabinofuranosidase and beta-endo-xylanase SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE LC-MSn; Switchgrass; Xylan; Xylooligosaccharide; alpha-Arabinofuranosidase ID AMMONIA PRETREATMENT; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CELL-WALLS; HYDROLYSIS; ETHANOL; SACCHARIFICATION; HEMICELLULOSE; FERMENTATION; METHYLATION; CONVERSION AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum, L.) is a potential dedicated biomass crop for use in biocatalytic conversion systems to biofuels. Nearly 30% of switchgrass cell wall material is xylan. The complete depolymerization of xylan is desirable both as an additional carbon source for microbial fermentation and to reduce inhibitory effects xylooligomers may have on cellulolytic glycoside hydrolase enzymes. To identify structural features of switchgrass xylan that are not distinguishable by mass spectrometry alone, a alpha-arabinofuranosidase enzyme was used to remove the arabinose side chains from alkali-extracted switchgrass xylan from three cultivars with simultaneous hydrolysis by beta-endo-xylanase to enrich for oligosaccharide products with extended branching. The two most abundant enzymatic digestion products were separated and characterized by LC-MSn, linkage analysis, and NMR. These two oligosaccharides were present in all three switchgrass cultivars and found to contain (1 -> 2)-beta-xylose-(1 -> 3)-alpha-arabinose side chains, a linkage not previously reported in switchgrass. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bowman, Michael J.; Dien, Bruce S.; Mertens, Jeffrey A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vermillion, Karl E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Funct Foods Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Bowman, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM michael.bowman@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0008-6215 EI 1873-426X J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD OCT 29 PY 2014 VL 398 BP 63 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.carres.2014.08.006 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AR8FZ UT WOS:000343812400012 PM 25240184 ER PT J AU Alves, OC Srygley, RB Riveros, AJ Barbosa, MA Esquivel, DMS Wajnberg, E AF Alves, Odivaldo C. Srygley, Robert B. Riveros, Andre J. Barbosa, Marcia A. Esquivel, Darci M. S. Wajnberg, Eliane TI Magnetic anisotropy and organization of nanoparticles in heads and antennae of neotropical leaf-cutter ants, Atta colombica SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE magnetic characterization; magnetic sensor; spatial orientation; homing ID IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; APIS-MELLIFERA; FIELD; RESONANCE; MAGNETORECEPTION; ORIENTATION; NAVIGATION; DETECT; SCANS; BIRDS AB Oriented magnetic nanoparticles have been suggested as a good candidate for a magnetic sensor in ants. Behavioural evidence for a magnetic compass in neotropical leaf-cutter ants, Atta colombica (Formicidae: Attini), motivated a study of the arrangement of magnetic particles in the ants' four major body parts by measuring the angular dependence of the ferromagnetic resonance spectra at room temperature. Spectra of the thoraces and those of the abdomens showed no significant angular dependence, while those of the antennae and those of the heads exhibited a periodic dependence relative to the magnetic field. Fitting of the angular dependence of the resonant field resulted in an unexpected magnetic anisotropy with uniaxial symmetry. High values of the first order anisotropy constant were observed for the magnetic material in antennae (-2.9 x 10(5) erg cm(-3)) and heads (-1 x 10(6) erg cm(-3)) as compared to body parts of other social insects. In addition, the magnitude of the anisotropy in the heads was comparable to that observed in magnetite nanoparticles of 4-5 nm diameter. For the antennae, the mean angle of the particles' easy magnetization axis (EA) was estimated to be 41 degrees relative to the straightened antenna's long axis. For the heads, EA was approximately 60 degrees relative to the head's axis running from midway between the spines to the clypeus. These physical characteristics indicate organized magnetic nanoparticles with a potential for directional sensitivity, which is an important feature of magnetic compasses. C1 [Alves, Odivaldo C.] Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Quim, Dept Fis Quim, BR-24020150 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. [Barbosa, Marcia A.; Esquivel, Darci M. S.; Wajnberg, Eliane] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Srygley, Robert B.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Srygley, Robert B.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Riveros, Andre J.] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Fac Med, Dept Ciencias Fisiol, Bogota, Colombia. RP Alves, OC (reprint author), Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Quim, Dept Fis Quim, Outeiro Sao Joao Batista S-N, BR-24020150 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. EM elianew@cbpf.br FU Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF) of the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (MCTI); National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration; US Department of Agriculture; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; National Science Foundation FX We thank the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM) of the Republic of Panama for permission to export ants to Brazil for physical analysis. This project was supported in part by Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF) of the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (MCTI), the National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration, the US Department of Agriculture and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. AJR received support from National Science Foundation. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 33 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD OCT 29 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 43 AR 435401 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/47/43/435401 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AQ9EN UT WOS:000343150500021 ER PT J AU Geib, SM Calla, B Hall, B Hou, SB Manoukis, NC AF Geib, Scott M. Calla, Bernarda Hall, Brian Hou, Shaobin Manoukis, Nicholas C. TI Characterizing the developmental transcriptome of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) through comparative genomic analysis with Drosophila melanogaster utilizing modENCODE datasets SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID RNA-SEQ DATA; LIQUID LARVAL DIET; FLIES DIPTERA; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; DETOXIFICATION; EXPRESSION; FLYBASE AB Background: The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is an important pest of fruit and vegetable crops throughout Asia, and is considered a high risk pest for establishment in the mainland United States. It is a member of the family Tephritidae, which are the most agriculturally important family of flies, and can be considered an out-group to well-studied members of the family Drosophilidae. Despite their importance as pests and their relatedness to Drosophila, little information is present on B. dorsalis transcripts and proteins. The objective of this paper is to comprehensively characterize the transcripts present throughout the life history of B. dorsalis and functionally annotate and analyse these transcripts relative to the presence, expression, and function of orthologous sequences present in Drosophila melanogaster. Results: We present a detailed transcriptome assembly of B. dorsalis from egg through adult stages containing 20,666 transcripts across 10,799 unigene components. Utilizing data available through Flybase and the modENCODE project, we compared expression patterns of these transcripts to putative orthologs in D. melanogaster in terms of timing, abundance, and function. In addition, temporal expression patterns in B. dorsalis were characterized between stages, to establish the constitutive or stage-specific expression patterns of particular transcripts. A fully annotated transcriptome assembly is made available through NCBI, in addition to corresponding expression data. Conclusions: Through characterizing the transcriptome of B. dorsalis through its life history and comparing the transcriptome of B. dorsalis to the model organism D. melanogaster, a database has been developed that can be used as the foundation to functional genomic research in Bactrocera flies and help identify orthologous genes between B. dorsalis and D. melanogaster. This data provides the foundation for future functional genomic research that will focus on improving our understanding of the physiology and biology of this species at the molecular level. This knowledge can also be applied towards developing improved methods for control, survey, and eradication of this important pest. C1 [Geib, Scott M.; Calla, Bernarda; Hall, Brian; Manoukis, Nicholas C.] USDA ARS, Trop Crop & Commod Protect Res Unit, Daniel K Inouye Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hall, Brian] Univ Hawaii, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hou, Shaobin] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Geib, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Crop & Commod Protect Res Unit, Daniel K Inouye Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM scott.geib@ars.usda.gov OI Geib, Scott/0000-0002-9511-5139; Manoukis, Nicholas/0000-0001-5062-7256; Hou, Shaobin/0000-0003-3467-8242 FU USDA Farm Bill Project [3.0251]; National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575XSEDE, TG-MCB140032] FX We thank Steven Tam for assistance in rearing and extraction of sample collections used in this study. Funding was provided by USDA-ARS and B.H. was supported by USDA Farm Bill Project 3.0251. Bioinformatic analysis was performed on computing resources at USDA-ARS Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center (Moana cluster; Hilo, HI) and the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number OCI-1053575XSEDE utilizing allocation TG-MCB140032 to SMG. Opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 33 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 28 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 942 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-942 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AT4CZ UT WOS:000344888500001 PM 25348373 ER PT J AU Menda, N Strickler, SR Edwards, JD Bombarely, A Dunham, DM Martin, GB Mejia, L Hutton, SF Havey, MJ Maxwell, DP Mueller, LA AF Menda, Naama Strickler, Susan R. Edwards, Jeremy D. Bombarely, Aureliano Dunham, Diane M. Martin, Gregory B. Mejia, Luis Hutton, Samuel F. Havey, Michael J. Maxwell, Douglas P. Mueller, Lukas A. TI Analysis of wild-species introgressions in tomato inbreds uncovers ancestral origins SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Solanum lycopersicum; Solanum pimpinellifolium; Solanum chilense; Genomic introgressions; Genome sequencing; Disease resistance; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Wild species; Domestication; Phylogenetics ID LEAF-CURL-VIRUS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; CULTIVATED TOMATO; GENOME SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-BASIS; GENE; POLYMORPHISM; INSIGHTS; FRUIT; ALIGNMENT AB Background: Decades of intensive tomato breeding using wild-species germplasm have resulted in the genomes of domesticated germplasm (Solanum lycopersicum) being intertwined with introgressions from their wild relatives. Comparative analysis of genomes among cultivated tomatoes and wild species that have contributed genetic variation can help identify desirable genes, such as those conferring disease resistance. The ability to identify introgression position, borders, and contents can reveal ancestral origins and facilitate harnessing of wild variation in crop breeding. Results: Here we present the whole-genome sequences of two tomato inbreds, Gh13 and BTI-87, both carrying the begomovirus resistance locus Ty-3 introgressed from wild tomato species. Introgressions of different sizes on chromosome 6 of Gh13 and BTI-87, both corresponding to the Ty-3 region, were identified as from a source close to the wild species S. chilense. Other introgressions were identified throughout the genomes of the inbreds and showed major differences in the breeding pedigrees of the two lines. Interestingly, additional large introgressions from the close tomato relative S. pimpinellifolium were identified in both lines. Some of the polymorphic regions were attributed to introgressions in the reference Heinz 1706 genome, indicating wild genome sequences in the reference tomato genome. Conclusions: The methods developed in this work can be used to delineate genome introgressions, and subsequently contribute to development of molecular markers to aid phenotypic selection, fine mapping and discovery of candidate genes for important phenotypes, and for identification of novel variation for tomato improvement. These universal methods can easily be applied to other crop plants. C1 [Menda, Naama; Strickler, Susan R.; Edwards, Jeremy D.; Bombarely, Aureliano; Dunham, Diane M.; Martin, Gregory B.; Mueller, Lukas A.] Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Martin, Gregory B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mejia, Luis] Univ San Carlos, Fac Agron, Guatemala City 01012, Guatemala. [Hutton, Samuel F.] Univ Florida, Gulf Coast Res & Educ Ctr, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. [Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Maxwell, Douglas P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Menda, N (reprint author), Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM nm249@cornell.edu RI Martin, Gregory/F-6262-2011; Bombarely, Aureliano/C-6580-2009 OI Martin, Gregory/0000-0003-0044-6830; Bombarely, Aureliano/0000-0001-6257-8914 FU USDA NIFA AFRI Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genome [2009-85606-05673]; BTI startup funds; National Science Foundation [IOS-1025642] FX We thank Dr. Mark Massoudi, AgBiotech Inc. (San Juan Bautista, California) for the KASP SNP marker assays for resistance loci; Dr. Allen Van Deynze, University of California-Davis and the SolCAP project (USDA NIFA AFRI Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genome grant 2009-85606-05673) for the SNP array genotyping; and TGRC for the seeds of wild tomato accessions.; We thank Martha Maxwell and Monica Franciscus for proofreading the manuscript and Sarah Refi-Hind for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by BTI startup funds to the Mueller lab (NM, SRS, JDE, AB), and by National Science Foundation grant IOS-1025642 (GBM). NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 44 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD OCT 28 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 287 DI 10.1186/s12870-014-0287-2 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT1QQ UT WOS:000344708800001 PM 25348801 ER PT J AU Jiang, HB Wei, ZJ Nachman, RJ Adams, ME Park, Y AF Jiang, Hongbo Wei, Zhaojun Nachman, Ronald J. Adams, Michael E. Park, Yoonseong TI Functional Phylogenetics Reveals Contributions of Pleiotropic Peptide Action to Ligand-Receptor Coevolution SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID BIOSYNTHESIS-ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; BEETLE TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; DIAPAUSE HORMONE; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; BOMBYX-MORI; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PUPAL DIAPAUSE AB The evolution of peptidergic signaling has been accompanied by a significant degree of ligand-receptor coevolution. Closely related clusters of peptide signaling molecules are observed to activate related groups of receptors, implying that genes encoding these ligands may orchestrate an array of functions, a phenomenon known as pleiotropy. Here we examine whether pleiotropic actions of peptide genes might influence ligand-receptor coevolution. Four test groups of neuropeptides characterized by conserved C-terminal amino acid sequence motifs and their cognate receptors were examined in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum): 1) cardioacceleratory peptide 2b (CAPA); CAPAr, 2) pyrokinin/diapause hormone (PK1/DH); PKr-A, -B, 3) pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating hormone (PK2/PBAN); PKr-C, and 4) ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH); ETHr-b. Ligand-receptor specificities were established through heterologous expression of receptors in cell-based assays for 9 endogenous ligands. Based on ligand-receptor specificity analysis, we found positive pleiotropism exhibited by ETH on ETHR-b and CAPAr, whereas PK1/DH and CAPA are more highly selective for their respective authentic receptors than would be predicted by phylogenetic analysis. Disparities between evolutionary trees deduced from receptor sequences vs. functional ligand-receptor specificities lead to the conclusion that pleiotropy exhibited by peptide genes influences ligand-receptor coevolution. C1 [Jiang, Hongbo] Southwest Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Key Lab Entomol & Pest Control Engn, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Hongbo; Wei, Zhaojun; Park, Yoonseong] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Insect Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Adams, Michael E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Adams, Michael E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Park, Y (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ypark@ksu.edu OI Wei, Zhao-Jun/0000-0003-1729-209X FU National institute of health [R01AI090062]; BARD [4205-09C]; USDA/DOD DWFP [60-0208-4-001]; National Nature Science Foundation of China [31201508]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20120182120019]; Kansas State University FX This paper is contribution no. 15-099-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. HJ and YP were supported in part by National institute of health; Grant Number: R01AI090062; RJN, was supported in part by grants from BARD (4205-09C) and USDA/DOD DWFP (60-0208-4-001). This project was supported in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (31201508) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20120182120019). Publication of this article was funded in part by the Kansas State University. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 28 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 6800 DI 10.1038/srep06800 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AS0PS UT WOS:000343980500008 PM 25348027 ER PT J AU Zelikova, TJ Blumenthal, DM Williams, DG Souza, L LeCain, DR Morgan, J Pendall, E AF Zelikova, Tamara Jane Blumenthal, Dana M. Williams, David G. Souza, Lara LeCain, Daniel R. Morgan, Jack Pendall, Elise TI Long-term exposure to elevated CO2 enhances plant community stability by suppressing dominant plant species in a mixed-grass prairie SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE climate change; elevated carbon dioxide; grassland; community stability; warming ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GLOBAL CHANGE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; ENRICHMENT; C-4; PRECIPITATION AB Climate controls vegetation distribution across the globe, and some vegetation types are more vulnerable to climate change, whereas others are more resistant. Because resistance and resilience can influence ecosystem stability and determine how communities and ecosystems respond to climate change, we need to evaluate the potential for resistance as we predict future ecosystem function. In a mixed-grass prairie in the northern Great Plains, we used a large field experiment to test the effects of elevated CO2, warming, and summer irrigation on plant community structure and productivity, linking changes in both to stability in plant community composition and biomass production. We show that the independent effects of CO2 and warming on community composition and productivity depend on interannual variation in precipitation and that the effects of elevated CO2 are not limited to water saving because they differ from those of irrigation. We also show that production in this mixed-grass prairie ecosystem is not only relatively resistant to interannual variation in precipitation, but also rendered more stable under elevated CO2 conditions. This increase in production stability is the result of altered community dominance patterns: Community evenness increases as dominant species decrease in biomass under elevated CO2. In many grasslands that serve as rangelands, the economic value of the ecosystem is largely dependent on plant community composition and the relative abundance of key forage species. Thus, our results have implications for how we manage native grasslands in the face of changing climate. C1 [Zelikova, Tamara Jane; Williams, David G.; Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Blumenthal, Dana M.; LeCain, Daniel R.; Morgan, Jack] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Souza, Lara] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Souza, Lara] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Pendall, Elise] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. RP Zelikova, TJ (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM tzelikov@uwyo.edu RI Williams, David/A-6407-2014; OI Williams, David/0000-0003-3627-5260; Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils and Emissions Program; USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; Department of Energy Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research) through Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program [DE-SC0006973]; Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research; National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology [1021559] FX This work is supported by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils and Emissions Program; USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Soil Processes Program Grant 2008-35107-18655; Department of Energy Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research), through Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program DE-SC0006973 and the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research; and by National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology Grant 1021559. NR 66 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 66 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 28 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 43 BP 15456 EP 15461 DI 10.1073/pnas.1414659111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR6ZL UT WOS:000343729500054 PM 25313034 ER PT J AU Udawatta, RP Kremer, RJ Nelson, KA Jose, S Bardhan, S AF Udawatta, Ranjith P. Kremer, Robert J. Nelson, Kelly A. Jose, Shibu Bardhan, Sougata TI Soil Quality of a Mature Alley Cropping Agroforestry System in Temperate North America SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE total carbon; corn-soybean; Claypan soils; maple; enzymes ID BETA-GLUCOSAMINIDASE ACTIVITY; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; INTERCROPPING SYSTEMS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; SOUTHERN ONTARIO; MANAGEMENT; GRASS; LANDSCAPE; PATTERNS AB Long-term effects of alley cropping on soils in the temperate zone are not widely known. Management, landscape, and soil depth effects on soil physical and biological properties were examined in a silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) no-till corn (Zea mays L.)- soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation established in 1990 in northeast Missouri. Soils from crop alleys and tree rows were collected along transects traversing upper to lower landscape positions at three depths. Fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDA), beta-glucosidase, beta-glucosaminidase, and dehydrogenase activities were measured. Soil bulk density, aggregate stability, carbon (C), nitrogen N), and enzyme activities decreased with soil depth in alley and tree rows except for glucosaminidase. Soil physical and biological parameters did not differ significantly between alley and tree row. Landscape position effects were not significant for management or depth. Tree establishment improves soil quality in the crop alley as the system matures with improvements extended throughout the soil profile. C1 [Udawatta, Ranjith P.; Jose, Shibu; Bardhan, Sougata] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Udawatta, Ranjith P.; Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Nelson, Kelly A.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Greenley Ctr, Novelty, MO USA. RP Udawatta, RP (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM UdawattaR@Missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry [58-6227-1-004]; USDA-ARS FX This study was funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreements 58-6227-1-004 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 54 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 EI 1532-2416 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD OCT 28 PY 2014 VL 45 IS 19 BP 2539 EP 2551 DI 10.1080/00103624.2014.932376 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA AQ1BU UT WOS:000342517200005 ER PT J AU May, AA McMeeking, GR Lee, T Taylor, JW Craven, JS Burling, I Sullivan, AP Akagi, S Collett, JL Flynn, M Coe, H Urbanski, SP Seinfeld, JH Yokelson, RJ Kreidenweis, SM AF May, A. A. McMeeking, G. R. Lee, T. Taylor, J. W. Craven, J. S. Burling, I. Sullivan, A. P. Akagi, S. Collett, J. L., Jr. Flynn, M. Coe, H. Urbanski, S. P. Seinfeld, J. H. Yokelson, R. J. Kreidenweis, S. M. TI Aerosol emissions from prescribed fires in the United States: A synthesis of laboratory and aircraft measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE biomass burning emissions; refractory black carbon; organic aerosol; prescribed fires ID BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS; BLACK CARBON MEASUREMENTS; LIGHT-ABSORPTION MEASUREMENTS; LASER-INDUCED INCANDESCENCE; FINE-PARTICLE MASS; ORGANIC AEROSOL; TRACE GASES; HIGH-RESOLUTION; BROWN CARBON; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES AB Aerosol emissions from prescribed fires can affect air quality on regional scales. Accurate representation of these emissions in models requires information regarding the amount and composition of the emitted species. We measured a suite of submicron particulate matter species in young plumes emitted from prescribed fires (chaparral and montane ecosystems in California; coastal plain ecosystem in South Carolina) and from open burning of over 15 individual plant species in the laboratory. We report emission ratios and emission factors for refractory black carbon (rBC) and submicron nonrefractory aerosol and compare field and laboratory measurements to assess the representativeness of our laboratory-measured emissions. Laboratory measurements of organic aerosol (OA) emission factors for some fires were an order of magnitude higher than those derived from any of our aircraft observations; these are likely due to higher-fuel moisture contents, lower modified combustion efficiencies, and less dilution compared to field studies. Nonrefractory inorganic aerosol emissions depended more strongly on fuel type and fuel composition than on combustion conditions. Laboratory and field measurements for rBC were in good agreement when differences in modified combustion efficiency were considered; however, rBC emission factors measured both from aircraft and in the laboratory during the present study using the Single Particle Soot Photometer were generally higher than values previously reported in the literature, which have been based largely on filter measurements. Although natural variability may account for some of these differences, an increase in the BC emission factors incorporated within emission inventories may be required, pending additional field measurements for a wider variety of fires. C1 [May, A. A.; McMeeking, G. R.; Lee, T.; Sullivan, A. P.; Collett, J. L., Jr.; Kreidenweis, S. M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Taylor, J. W.; Flynn, M.; Coe, H.] Univ Manchester, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Craven, J. S.; Seinfeld, J. H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Burling, I.; Akagi, S.; Yokelson, R. J.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Urbanski, S. P.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. RP Kreidenweis, SM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sonia@atmos.colostate.edu RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; May, Andrew/E-8498-2012; Collett, Jeffrey/F-2862-2010; Kreidenweis, Sonia/E-5993-2011; OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; May, Andrew/0000-0001-7908-8815; Collett, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9180-508X; Kreidenweis, Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914; Taylor, Jonathan/0000-0002-2120-186X FU NSF [ATM-0531055, ATM-0936321]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [SI-1648, SI-1649]; UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 11-1-5-12, 08-1-6-09]; SERDP [RC-1649, 08JV11272166039] FX We thank the USFS Twin Otter pilots Bill Mank and Scott Miller and mechanic Steve Woods for their contribution to the SLOBB and SCREAM campaigns and the USFS JeffCo aircraft base, San Luis Aviation, Eagle Aviation, the NSF/NCAR Research Aviation Facility, and Ezra Levin for their contributions to the installation of instruments on the Twin Otter and its deployment to the field. Adaptation of the Twin Otter for atmospheric measurements and other support was provided by NSF grants ATM-0531055 and ATM-0936321 to R.Y. Prescribed fires were organized and carried out by John Maitland and forestry staff at Fort Jackson and Dan Ardoin at Vandenberg AFB. We also thank Jason McCarty of the Santa Barbara County Fire Department for conducting burns and providing fuels and weather information during SLOBB. Fuel inventories and other ground-based information were provided by Jim Reardon, Aaron Sparks, and Signe Leirfallom. We thank the USFS Fire Science Laboratory staff and the FLAME-III participants for their contributions to the laboratory measurements. We also thank Shane Murphy, Roya Bahreini, and Ann Middlebrook for their suggestions and assistance in modifying the Colorado State University AMS for aircraft operation during SCREAM; furthermore, Tim Onasch, Jose Jimenez, and Misha Schurman all contributed to discussions regarding AMS analysis of the SCREAM data. G. R. McMeeking's participation in FLAME-III was supported by the UK Royal Society. The California aircraft measurements were supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) projects SI-1648 and SI-1649 and the SP2 was supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). We acknowledge funding from the Joint Fire Science Program under project JFSP 11-1-5-12 for the South Carolina aircraft measurements and related AMS data analysis. The Fort Jackson study was supported by SERDP project RC-1649 administered partly through the Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement 08JV11272166039. Additional flight hours and SCREAM CRDS data were provided by Joint Fire Science Program project 08-1-6-09. To request copies of the data used in this paper, please contact the corresponding author. Finally, we would like to thank our editor, Lynn Russell, and the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments. NR 122 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 51 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 27 PY 2014 VL 119 IS 20 BP 11826 EP 11849 DI 10.1002/2014JD021848 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AU0FE UT WOS:000345298100011 ER PT J AU Parnell, LD Blokker, BA Dashti, HS Nesbeth, PD Cooper, BE Ma, YY Lee, YC Hou, RX Lai, CQ Richardson, K Ordovas, JM AF Parnell, Laurence D. Blokker, Britt A. Dashti, Hassan S. Nesbeth, Paula-Dene Cooper, Brittany Elle Ma, Yiyi Lee, Yu-Chi Hou, Ruixue Lai, Chao-Qiang Richardson, Kris Ordovas, Jose M. TI CardioGxE, a catalog of gene-environment interactions for cardiometabolic traits SO BIODATA MINING LA English DT Article DE Cardiovascular diseases; Diet; Gene-environment interaction; Genetic variants; Phenotypic variance; Physical activity; Type 2 diabetes ID MICRORNA TARGET SITES; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; HIGH-ALTITUDE ADAPTATION; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; LINKING POLYMORPHISMS; POLYMIRTS DATABASE; COMPLEX TRAITS; POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME AB Background: Genetic understanding of complex traits has developed immensely over the past decade but remains hampered by incomplete descriptions of contribution to phenotypic variance. Gene-environment (GxE) interactions are one of these contributors and in the guise of diet and physical activity are important modulators of cardiometabolic phenotypes and ensuing diseases. Results: We mined the scientific literature to collect GxE interactions from 386 publications for blood lipids, glycemic traits, obesity anthropometrics, vascular measures, inflammation and metabolic syndrome, and introduce CardioGxE, a gene-environment interaction resource. We then analyzed the genes and SNPs supporting cardiometabolic GxEs in order to demonstrate utility of GxE SNPs and to discern characteristics of these important genetic variants. We were able to draw many observations from our extensive analysis of GxEs. 1) The CardioGxE SNPs showed little overlap with variants identified by main effect GWAS, indicating the importance of environmental interactions with genetic factors on cardiometabolic traits. 2) These GxE SNPs were enriched in adaptation to climatic and geographical features, with implications on energy homeostasis and response to physical activity. 3) Comparison to gene networks responding to plasma cholesterol-lowering or regression of atherosclerotic plaques showed that GxE genes have a greater role in those responses, particularly through high-energy diets and fat intake, than do GWAS-identified genes for the same traits. Other aspects of the CardioGxE dataset were explored. Conclusions: Overall, we demonstrate that SNPs supporting cardiometabolic GxE interactions often exhibit transcriptional effects or are under positive selection. Still, not all such SNPs can be assigned potential functional or regulatory roles often because data are lacking in specific cell types or from treatments that approximate the environmental factor of the GxE. With research on metabolic related complex disease risk embarking on genome-wide GxE interaction tests, CardioGxE will be a useful resource. C1 [Parnell, Laurence D.; Blokker, Britt A.; Dashti, Hassan S.; Nesbeth, Paula-Dene; Cooper, Brittany Elle; Ma, Yiyi; Lee, Yu-Chi; Hou, Ruixue; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Richardson, Kris; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Parnell, LD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM laurence.parnell@ars.usda.gov OI Dashti, Hassan S/0000-0002-1650-679X FU National Institutes of Health [5R21HL114238-02]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work is supported in part by National Institutes of Health (5R21HL114238-02) to LDP. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 90 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-0381 J9 BIODATA MIN JI BioData Min. PD OCT 26 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 21 DI 10.1186/1756-0381-7-21 PG 20 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AW1CF UT WOS:000346027600001 PM 25368670 ER PT J AU Ammar, ED Richardson, ML Abdo, Z Hall, DG Shatters, RG AF Ammar, El-Desouky Richardson, Matthew L. Abdo, Zaid Hall, David G. Shatters, Robert G., Jr. TI Differences in Stylet Sheath Occurrence and the Fibrous Ring (Sclerenchyma) between xCitroncirus Plants Relatively Resistant or Susceptible to Adults of the Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; HUANGLONGBING DISEASE; HOST-PLANTS; APHIDIDAE; GENOTYPES AB The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri, Hemiptera: Liviidae), is the principal vector of the phloem-limited bacteria strongly associated with huanglongbing (HLB), the world's most serious disease of citrus. Host plant resistance may provide an environmentally safe and sustainable method of controlling ACP and/or HLB. Two xCitroncirus accessions (hybrids of Poncirus trifoliata and Citrus spp.), that are relatively resistant (UN-3881) or relatively susceptible (Troyer-1459) to ACP adults with regard to adult longevity, were compared in relation to ACP feeding behavior and some structural features of the leaf midrib. The settling (putative feeding/probing) sites of ACP adults on various parts of the leaf were not influenced primarily by plant accession. However, fewer ACP stylet sheaths were found in the midrib and fewer stylet sheath termini reached the vascular bundle (phloem and/or xylem) in UN-3881 compared to Troyer-1459 plants. Furthermore, in midribs of UN-3881 leaves the fibrous ring (sclerenchyma) around the phloem was significantly wider (thicker) compared to that in midribs of Troyer-1459 leaves. Our data indicate that feeding and/or probing by ACP adults into the vascular bundle is less frequent in the more resistant (UN-3881) than in the more susceptible (Troyer-1459) accessions. Our results also suggest that the thickness of the fibrous ring may be a barrier to stylet penetration into the vascular bundle, which is important for successful ACP feeding on the phloem and for transmitting HLB-associated bacteria. These results may help in the development of citrus plants resistant to ACP, which in turn could halt or slow the spread of the HLB-associated bacteria by this vector. C1 [Ammar, El-Desouky; Richardson, Matthew L.; Hall, David G.; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.] USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Abdo, Zaid] USDA ARS, South Atlantic Area, Athens, GA USA. RP Ammar, ED (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM desoukyammar@gmail.com RI Abdo, Zaid/E-5176-2017 OI Abdo, Zaid/0000-0002-8272-7734 FU USDA-ARS FX This study was funded by USDA-ARS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 24 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e110919 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110919 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AS0BL UT WOS:000343943500067 PM 25343712 ER PT J AU Biresaw, G Sharma, BK Bantchev, GB Kurth, TL Doll, KM Erhan, SZ Kunwar, B Scott, JW AF Biresaw, Girma Sharma, Brajendra K. Bantchev, Grigor B. Kurth, Todd L. Doll, Kenneth M. Erhan, Sevim Z. Kunwar, Bidhya Scott, John W. TI Elastohydrodynamic Properties of Biobased Heat-Bodied Oils SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FILM-FORMING PROPERTIES; PRESSURE-VISCOSITY COEFFICIENT; VEGETABLE-OILS; SOYBEAN OIL; SEED OILS; BASE OILS; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; THERMAL POLYMERIZATION; POLYALPHAOLEFIN BLENDS; FRICTION BEHAVIOR AB Heat-bodied oils were prepared by thermal treatment of soybean oil under inert atmosphere. Different viscosity grades of heat-bodied oils synthesized by varying the reaction time were investigated for various properties including viscosity, viscosity index, elastohydrodynamic film thickness, and pressureviscosity coefficient. Heat-bodied oils displayed elastohydrodynamic film thickness characteristics typical of lubricating oils. The film thickness of heat-bodied oils increased with increasing entrainment speed and viscosity, decreased with increasing temperature, and was unchanged with varying load. Pressureviscosity coefficients of heat-bodied oils were estimated from film thickness as well as from physical property data. The pressureviscosity coefficient values of heat-bodied oils increased with increasing viscosity and decreasing temperature and were in the range displayed by such oils as polyol esters, poly-alpha-olefins, and petroleum-based base oils. Heat-bodied oils provide access to a wide viscosity range of biobased oils not attainable with vegetable oils, without serious negative impact on critical lubricant properties such as viscosity index, film thickness, and pressureviscosity coefficient. C1 [Biresaw, Girma; Sharma, Brajendra K.; Bantchev, Grigor B.; Kurth, Todd L.; Doll, Kenneth M.; Erhan, Sevim Z.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sharma, Brajendra K.; Kunwar, Bidhya; Scott, John W.] Univ Illinois, Prairie Res Inst, Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. RP Biresaw, G (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM girma.biresaw@ars.usda.gov OI Bantchev, Grigor/0000-0003-2790-5195 NR 87 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT 22 PY 2014 VL 53 IS 42 BP 16183 EP 16195 DI 10.1021/ie5029304 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA AR6IM UT WOS:000343687400009 ER PT J AU Joyce, AL White, WH Nuessly, GS Solis, MA Scheffer, SJ Lewis, ML Medina, RF AF Joyce, Andrea L. White, William H. Nuessly, Gregg S. Solis, M. Alma Scheffer, Sonja J. Lewis, Matthew L. Medina, Raul F. TI Geographic Population Structure of the Sugarcane Borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), in the Southern United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LIRIOMYZA-HUIDOBRENSIS DIPTERA; DNA BARCODES; APANTELES-FLAVIPES; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SPECIES COMPLEX; PYRALIDAE; PHEROMONE; FLORIDA; MOTH; ESTABLISHMENT AB The sugarcane borer moth, Diatraea saccharalis, is widespread throughout the Western Hemisphere, and is considered an introduced species in the southern United States. Although this moth has a wide distribution and is a pest of many crop plants including sugarcane, corn, sorghum and rice, it is considered one species. The objective was to investigate whether more than one introduction of D. saccharalis had occurred in the southern United States and whether any cryptic species were present. We field collected D. saccharalis in Texas, Louisiana and Florida in the southern United States. Two molecular markers, AFLPs and mitochondrial COI, were used to examine genetic variation among these regional populations and to compare the sequences with those available in GenBank and BOLD. We found geographic population structure in the southern United States which suggests two introductions and the presence of a previously unknown cryptic species. Management of D. saccharalis would likely benefit from further investigation of population genetics throughout the range of this species. C1 [Joyce, Andrea L.] Univ Calif Merced, SNRI, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [White, William H.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70361 USA. [Nuessly, Gregg S.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Solis, M. Alma] USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Scheffer, Sonja J.; Lewis, Matthew L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Medina, Raul F.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Joyce, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, SNRI, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM ajoyce2@ucmerced.edu NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 22 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e110036 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110036 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR6DY UT WOS:000343674800021 PM 25337705 ER PT J AU Shepard, DS Halasa, YA Fonseca, DM Farajollahi, A Healy, SP Gaugler, R Bartlett-Healy, K Strickman, DA Clark, GG AF Shepard, Donald S. Halasa, Yara A. Fonseca, Dina M. Farajollahi, Ary Healy, Sean P. Gaugler, Randy Bartlett-Healy, Kristen Strickman, Daniel A. Clark, Gary G. TI Economic Evaluation of an Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management Program to Control the Asian Tiger Mosquito in New Jersey SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURAL-RESEARCH SERVICE; ALBOPICTUS DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; DEPARTMENT-OF-AGRICULTURE; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; ADJUSTED LIFE-YEAR; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; UNITED-STATES; DENGUE-FEVER; POPULATIONS; SUPPRESSION AB Aedes albopictus is the most invasive mosquito in the world, an important disease vector, and a biting nuisance that limits outdoor activities. Area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) is the recommended control strategy. We conducted an economic evaluation of the AW-IPM project in Mercer and Monmouth Counties, New Jersey with a controlled design (AW-IPM vs. control) from 2009 through 2011. The study analyzed financial documents and staff time for AW-IPM and surveyed an average of 415 randomly chosen households in AW-IPM and control areas each fall from 2008 through 2011. Hours lost from yard and porch activities were calculated as differences between actual and potential hours of these activities in an average summer week if there had been no mosquito concerns. Net estimated benefits of AW-IPM were based on cross-over and difference-in-difference analyses. Reductions in hours lost were valued based on respondents' willingness to pay for a hypothetical extra hour free of mosquitoes spent on yard or porch activities and literature on valuation of a quality adjusted life year (QALY). The incremental cost of AW-IPM per adult was $41.18 per year. Number of hours lost due to mosquitoes in AW-IPM areas between the base year (2008) and the intervention years (2009-2011) declined by 3.30 hours per summer week in AW-IPM areas compared to control areas. Survey respondents valued this improvement at $27.37 per adult per summer week. Over the 13-week summer, an average adult resident gained 42.96 hours of yard and porch time, worth $355.82. The net benefit over the summer was $314.63. With an average of 0.0027 QALYs gained per adult per year, AW-IPM was cost effective at $15,300 per QALY gained. The benefit-cost ratio from hours gained was 8.64, indicating that each $1 spent on AW-IPM gave adults additional porch and yard time worth over $8. C1 [Shepard, Donald S.; Halasa, Yara A.] Brandeis Univ, Heller Sch Social Policy & Management, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. [Fonseca, Dina M.; Gaugler, Randy; Bartlett-Healy, Kristen] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Farajollahi, Ary] Mercer Cty Mosquito Control, West Trenton, NJ USA. [Farajollahi, Ary] Salt Lake City Mosquito Abatement Dist, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Healy, Sean P.] Monmouth Cty Mosquito Exterminat Commiss, Eatontown, NJ USA. [Healy, Sean P.; Bartlett-Healy, Kristen] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Strickman, Daniel A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Strickman, Daniel A.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Clark, Gary G.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Shepard, DS (reprint author), Brandeis Univ, Heller Sch Social Policy & Management, Waltham, MA 02453 USA. EM shepard@brandeis.edu OI Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100 FU [USDA-ARS-58-6615-8-105] FX This work was funded by Cooperative Agreement USDA-ARS-58-6615-8-105 to Brandeis University (PI: GGC; PI at Brandeis: DSS). Two authors (DAS and GGC) are employed by the sponsoring agency. However, all views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of their institutions nor of the sponsor. The sponsor, as an institution, had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 22 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e111014 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0111014 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR6DY UT WOS:000343674800095 PM 25338065 ER PT J AU Masi, M Meyer, S Cimmino, A Clement, S Black, B Evidente, A AF Masi, Marco Meyer, Susan Cimmino, Alessio Clement, Suzette Black, Beth Evidente, Antonio TI Pyrenophoric Acids B and C, Two New Phytotoxic Sesquiterpenoids Produced by Pyrenophora semeniperda SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; Pyrenophora semeniperda; sequiterpenoids; pyrenophoric acids B and C; cytochalasins; mode of action ID ABSCISIC-ACID; POTENTIAL MYCOHERBICIDE; BIOSYNTHESIS; ANALOGS; PLANTS; WHEAT AB Two new phytotoxic sesquiterpenoid acids, named pyrenophoric acids B and C, were isolated together with the related pyrenophoric and abscisic acids from solid Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) seed culture of the seed pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda. This fungus has been proposed as a mycoherbicide for biocontrol of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), a Eurasian annual grass that has become invasive in rangelands and is also a serious agricultural weed in the western U.S. Pyrenophoric acids B and C were characterized by spectroscopic methods (NMR and HR ESIMS) as (2Z,4E)-5-[(1R*,4R*,6R*)-1,4-dihydroxy-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl]-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic and (2Z,4E)-5-[(1S*,3S*,4R*,6S*)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl]-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acids, respectively. Cytochalasins A, B, F, and Z3, as well as deoxaphomin and pyrenophoric acid, all previously isolated from P. semeniperda grown on wheat seed, were also isolated from cheatgrass seed culture. In a cheatgrass seedling bioassay at 10(-3) M, pyrenophoric acid B showed higher coleoptile toxicity than pyrenophoric acid, while pyrenophoric acid C showed lower phytotoxicity. Abscisic acid was by far the most active compound. C1 [Masi, Marco; Black, Beth] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84601 USA. [Masi, Marco; Cimmino, Alessio; Evidente, Antonio] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Chim, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Meyer, Susan; Clement, Suzette] US Forest Serv, Shrub Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Evidente, A (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Chim, Complesso Univ Monte St Angelo,Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy. EM evidente@unina.it RI Evidente, Antonio/N-9357-2013; Masi, Marco/J-7742-2016; Cimmino, Alessio/I-2121-2012 OI Evidente, Antonio/0000-0001-9110-1656; Masi, Marco/0000-0003-0609-8902; Cimmino, Alessio/0000-0002-1551-4237 FU Joint Fire Sciences Program of the U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Interior [JFSP-11-S-2-6]; Programme STAR; UniNA; Compagnia di San Paolo FX This research was funded in part by Grant JFSP-11-S-2-6 to S.M. from the Joint Fire Sciences Program of the U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Interior and in part by Programme STAR financially supported by UniNA and Compagnia di San Paolo. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 22 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 42 BP 10304 EP 10311 DI 10.1021/jf50355151 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR6HU UT WOS:000343685700011 PM 25264583 ER PT J AU Martinez-Garcia, JF Gallemi, M Molina-Contreras, MJ Llorente, B Bevilaqua, MRR Quail, PH AF Martinez-Garcia, Jaime F. Gallemi, Marcal Jose Molina-Contreras, Maria Llorente, Briardo Bevilaqua, Maycon R. R. Quail, Peter H. TI The Shade Avoidance Syndrome in Arabidopsis: The Antagonistic Role of Phytochrome A and B Differentiates Vegetation Proximity and Canopy Shade SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FAR-RED LIGHT; SIGNALING NETWORKS; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; CRYPTOCHROME 1; BHLH PROTEINS; PLANTS; SEEDLINGS; AUXIN; LOOP; GENE AB Light limitation caused by dense vegetation is one of the greatest threats to plant survival in natural environments. Plants detect such neighboring vegetation as a reduction in the red to far-red ratio (R:FR) of the incoming light. The low R:FR signal, perceived by phytochromes, initiates a set of responses collectively known as the shade avoidance syndrome, intended to reduce the degree of current or future shade from neighbors by overtopping such competitors or inducing flowering to ensure seed production. At the seedling stage these responses include increased hypocotyl elongation. We have systematically analyzed the Arabidopsis seedling response and the contribution of phyA and phyB to perception of decreased R:FR, at three different levels of photosynthetically active radiation. Our results show that the shade avoidance syndrome, induced by phyB deactivation, is gradually antagonized by phyA, operating through the so-called FR-High Irradiance Response, in response to high FR levels in a range that simulates plant canopy shade. The data indicate that the R:FR signal distinguishes between the presence of proximal, but non-shading, neighbors and direct foliar shade, via a intrafamily photosensory attenuation mechanism that acts to suppress excessive reversion toward skotomorphogenic development under prolonged direct vegetation shade. C1 [Martinez-Garcia, Jaime F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Martinez-Garcia, Jaime F.; Gallemi, Marcal; Jose Molina-Contreras, Maria; Llorente, Briardo; Bevilaqua, Maycon R. R.] Consortium CSIC IRTA UAB UB, Barcelona, Spain. [Bevilaqua, Maycon R. R.] Minist Educ Brazil, CAPES Fdn, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Quail, Peter H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Quail, Peter H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Martinez-Garcia, JF (reprint author), Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. EM jaume.martinez@cragenomica.es RI Llorente, Briardo/B-1341-2014; OI Llorente, Briardo/0000-0002-3727-1395; Gallemi, Marcal/0000-0003-4675-6893; Martinez-Garcia, Jaime/0000-0003-1516-0341 FU Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO); European Union FP7; Spanish Ministry of Education; Generalitat de Catalunya and Spanish MINECO - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) [2009-SGR697, BIO2011-23489]; National Institutes of Health [2R01 GM-047475]; Department of Energy [DEFG03-87ER13742]; United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System [5335-21000-032-00D] FX MG and MJMC received FPI fellowships from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO). BL received a Marie Curie IIF fellowship (CarotenActors) from the European Union FP7. JFMG received a 1-year fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Education for a sabbatical stay in PHQ laboratory. The authors' research is supported by grants from the Generalitat de Catalunya and Spanish MINECO - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) to JFMG (2009-SGR697, Xarba and BIO2011-23489) and by National Institutes of Health (2R01 GM-047475), Department of Energy (DEFG03-87ER13742), and United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System (5335-21000-032-00D) to PHQ. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 21 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109275 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109275 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR7AB UT WOS:000343731200012 PM 25333270 ER PT J AU Nayak, SN Song, J Villa, A Pathak, B Ayala-Silva, T Yang, XP Todd, J Glynn, NC Kuhn, DN Glaz, B Gilbert, RA Comstock, JC Wang, JP AF Nayak, Spurthi N. Song, Jian Villa, Andrea Pathak, Bhuvan Ayala-Silva, Tomas Yang, Xiping Todd, James Glynn, Neil C. Kuhn, David N. Glaz, Barry Gilbert, Robert A. Comstock, Jack C. Wang, Jianping TI Promoting Utilization of Saccharum spp. Genetic Resources through Genetic Diversity Analysis and Core Collection Construction SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MARKER-TRAIT ASSOCIATIONS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; DNA MARKERS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; AFLP ANALYSIS; SNP MARKERS; SUGARCANE; GERMPLASM; SORGHUM AB Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) and other members of Saccharum spp. are attractive biofuel feedstocks. One of the two World Collections of Sugarcane and Related Grasses (WCSRG) is in Miami, FL. This WCSRG has 1002 accessions, presumably with valuable alleles for biomass, other important agronomic traits, and stress resistance. However, the WCSRG has not been fully exploited by breeders due to its lack of characterization and unmanageable population. In order to optimize the use of this genetic resource, we aim to 1) genotypically evaluate all the 1002 accessions to understand its genetic diversity and population structure and 2) form a core collection, which captures most of the genetic diversity in the WCSRG. We screened 36 microsatellite markers on 1002 genotypes and recorded 209 alleles. Genetic diversity of the WCSRG ranged from 0 to 0.5 with an average of 0.304. The population structure analysis and principal coordinate analysis revealed three clusters with all S. spontaneum in one cluster, S. officinarum and S. hybrids in the second cluster and mostly non-Saccharum spp. in the third cluster. A core collection of 300 accessions was identified which captured the maximum genetic diversity of the entire WCSRG which can be further exploited for sugarcane and energy cane breeding. Sugarcane and energy cane breeders can effectively utilize this core collection for cultivar improvement. Further, the core collection can provide resources for forming an association panel to evaluate the traits of agronomic and commercial importance. C1 [Nayak, Spurthi N.; Song, Jian; Villa, Andrea; Pathak, Bhuvan; Yang, Xiping; Gilbert, Robert A.; Wang, Jianping] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Song, Jian] Dezhou Univ, Coll Life Sci, Dezhou, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Ayala-Silva, Tomas; Kuhn, David N.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Todd, James] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Glynn, Neil C.; Glaz, Barry; Comstock, Jack C.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL USA. [Wang, Jianping] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Plant Mol & Biol Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wang, Jianping] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, FAFU, Fuzhou, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jianping] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, UIUC SIB Joint Ctr Genom & Biotechnol, Fuzhou, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Wang, JP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM wangjp@ufl.edu FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 74 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 21 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e110856 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110856 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR7AB UT WOS:000343731200081 PM 25333358 ER PT J AU Rioux, RA Shultz, J Garcia, M Willis, DK Casler, M Bonos, S Smith, D Kerns, J AF Rioux, Renee A. Shultz, Jeanette Garcia, Michelle Willis, David Kyle Casler, Michael Bonos, Stacy Smith, Damon Kerns, James TI Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Overwinters in Turfgrass and Is Present in Commercial Seed SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION; PCR-BASED ASSAY; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DOLLAR SPOT DISEASE; CREEPING BENTGRASS; RHYNCHOSPORIUM-SECALIS; GENETIC-VARIATION; BARLEY SEED; SURVIVAL; QUANTIFICATION AB Dollar spot is the most economically important disease of amenity turfgrasses in the United States, yet little is known about the source of primary inoculum for this disease. With the exception of a few isolates from the United Kingdom, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, the causal agent of dollar spot, does not produce spores. Consequently, it was assumed that overwintering of this organism in soil, thatch, and plant debris provides primary inoculum for dollar spot epidemics. Overwintering of S. homoeocarpa in roots and shoots of symptomatic and asymptomatic creeping bentgrass turfgrass was quantified over the course of a three-year field experiment. Roots did not consistently harbor S. homoeocarpa, whereas S. homoeocarpa was isolated from 30% of symptomatic shoots and 10% of asymptomatic shoots in the spring of two out of three years. The presence of stroma-like pathogen material on leaf blades was associated with an increase in S. homoeocarpa isolation and colony diameter at 48 hpi. Commercial seed has also been hypothesized to be a potential source of initial inoculum for S. homoeocarpa. Two or more commercial seed lots of six creeping bentgrass cultivars were tested for contamination with S. homoeocarpa using culture-based and molecular detection methods. A viable, pathogenic isolate of S. homoeocarpa was isolated from one commercial seed lot and contamination of this lot was confirmed with nested PCR using S. homoeocarpa specific primers. A sensitive nested PCR assay detected S. homoeocarpa contamination in eight of twelve (75%) commercial seed lots. Seed source, but not cultivar or resistance to dollar spot, influenced contamination by S. homoeocarpa. Overall, this research suggests that seeds are a potential source of initial inoculum for dollar spot epidemics and presents the need for further research in this area. C1 [Rioux, Renee A.; Shultz, Jeanette; Garcia, Michelle; Willis, David Kyle; Smith, Damon; Kerns, James] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Plant Path Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rioux, Renee A.] NewLeaf Symbiot, St Louis, MO USA. [Shultz, Jeanette] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurosci, Madison, WI USA. [Garcia, Michelle] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Biol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Casler, Michael] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bonos, Stacy] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Kerns, James] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Rioux, RA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Plant Path Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM riouxra@gmail.com OI Smith, Damon/0000-0003-3436-3718 NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 21 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e110897 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110897 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR7AB UT WOS:000343731200087 PM 25333928 ER PT J AU Woo, DK Quijano, JC Kumar, P Chaoka, S Bernacchi, CJ AF Woo, Dong K. Quijano, Juan C. Kumar, Praveen Chaoka, Sayo Bernacchi, Carl J. TI Threshold Dynamics in Soil Carbon Storage for Bioenergy Crops SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MISCANTHUS X GIGANTEUS; GREENHOUSE-GAS FLUX; NITROGEN CYCLES; HYDROLOGIC CONTROLS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; CENTRAL ILLINOIS; BIOFUEL CROPS; LAND-USE; MODEL; DECOMPOSITION AB Because of increasing demands for bioenergy, a considerable amount of land in the midwestern United States could be devoted to the cultivation of second-generation bioenergy crops, such as switchgrass and miscanthus. The foliar carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N) in these bioenergy crops at harvest is significantly higher than the ratios in replaced crops, such as corn or soybean. We show that there is a critical soil organic matter C/N ratio, where microbial biomass can be impaired as microorganisms become dependent upon net immobilization. The simulation results show that there is a threshold effect in the amount of aboveground litter input in the soil after harvest that will reach a critical organic matter C/N ratio in the soil, triggering a reduction of the soil microbial population, with significant consequences in other microbe-related processes, such as decomposition and mineralization. These thresholds are approximately 25 and 15% of aboveground biomass for switchgrass and miscanthus, respectively. These results suggest that values above these thresholds could result in a significant reduction of decomposition and mineralization, which, in turn, would enhance the sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the topsoil and reduce inorganic nitrogen losses when compared to a corn-corn-soybean rotation. C1 [Woo, Dong K.; Quijano, Juan C.; Kumar, Praveen; Chaoka, Sayo] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kumar, Praveen] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bernacchi, Carl J.] Univ Illinois, Energy Biosci Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Kumar, P (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM kumar1@illinois.edu RI Kumar, Praveen/D-2036-2010 OI Kumar, Praveen/0000-0002-4787-0308 FU Institute for Advanced Computing Applications and Technologies at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications, National Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET 1209402, ACI 1261582, EAR 1331906]; National Great Rivers Research and Education Center (NGRREC); Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign FX This work was supported by the Institute for Advanced Computing Applications and Technologies at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications, National Science Foundation (NSF) Grants CBET 1209402, ACI 1261582, and EAR 1331906, the National Great Rivers Research and Education Center (NGRREC), and the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to support research on water security and emergent risks. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 21 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 20 BP 12090 EP 12098 DI 10.1021/es5023762 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR5RJ UT WOS:000343640900042 PM 25207669 ER PT J AU Barrows, FT Frost, JB AF Barrows, Frederic T. Frost, Jason B. TI Evaluation of the nutritional quality of co-products from the nut industry, algae and an invertebrate meal for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Alternative feed ingredients; Rainbow trout; Pistachio; Almond; Algae; Spirulina ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; LACTIC-ACID FERMENTATION; LABEO-ROHITA HAMILTON; FISH-MEAL; ATLANTIC SALMON; SOYBEAN-MEAL; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; PROTEIN-SOURCE; BLUE MUSSEL; BY-PRODUCT AB The static supply and increasing demand for fishmeal has created a need to evaluate a variety of alternate proteins. Many species of algae are being grown as a potential source of bio-fuels, and mussel meals have been shown to increase feed intake. The tree nut industry is based primarily on whole nuts with production totaling similar to 1,081,000 tons in California during 2010. A portion of this production does not meet criteria for certification and must be sold for "non-human uses". Evaluation of ingredients included three types of experiments with rainbow trout: fry screening study, digestibility study, and growth study. First feeding trout were fed a control diet containing 45% fishmeal and the test diets contained 5% fishmeal with the remainder of the protein replaced by the test ingredients. Trout gained between 636 and 1331% of their initial weight after 6 weeks. Trout fed the pistachio and almond meals gained as much weight as trout fed the fishmeal diet, but trout fed the algae's and mussel meal diets grew much slower and were dropped from further evaluation. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) for crude protein, lipid, and amino acids were determined for pistachio and almond meals, fishmeal, whey protein and soy protein concentrate (SPC) for comparison. Almond and pistachio meals had ADCs for protein, fat and amino acids similar to fishmeal, but phosphorus ADC for pistachio meal was 27% compared to 40% for fishmeal. In the final study, trout with an average initial weight of 20 g were fed one of ten diets for 12 weeks. There were two series of diets; protein from fishmeal was either 50% or 100% replaced with pistachio or almond meal, or the protein from SPC was either 50% or 100% replaced with pistachio or almond meal. The trout fed the nut meals in the fishmeal series all had weight gains equivalent to trout fed the fishmeal control (753%) except the trout fed the partial replacement with almond meal (614%). When SPC was replaced with the nut meals, growth of the fish fed the SPC diet (648%) was the same as fish fed the nut meals except for the fish fed the 100% replacement with pistachio meal which had a greater gain of 830%. These three studies demonstrate that pistachio and almond meals are palatable, digestible, and support high levels of growth whether replacing fishmeal or SPC. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Barrows, Frederic T.; Frost, Jason B.] USDA ARS, Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Barrows, FT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Fish Technol Ctr, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. EM rick.barrows@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Trout-Grains Project [5366-21310-004-00D] FX We wish to thank ARS personnel Mark Portman, Carley Stone, Nicolas Leonard, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service personnel Aaron Nistler and Matt Toner for their participation in this study. This research was funded by the USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Trout-Grains Project, # 5366-21310-004-00D, and nut ingredients supplied by Adaptive Bio-Resources, and the spirulina by Carbon Capture Corporation. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD OCT 20 PY 2014 VL 434 BP 315 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.08.037 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AT6OM UT WOS:000345058700045 ER PT J AU Li, M Liu, XL Bradbury, P Yu, JM Zhang, YM Todhunter, RJ Buckler, ES Zhang, ZW AF Li, Meng Liu, Xiaolei Bradbury, Peter Yu, Jianming Zhang, Yuan-Ming Todhunter, Rory J. Buckler, Edward S. Zhang, Zhiwu TI Enrichment of statistical power for genome-wide association studies SO BMC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genome wide association study; population structure; kinship; mixed model; cluster analysis ID STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; FLOWERING TIME; COMPLEX TRAITS; MODEL APPROACH; LOCI; VARIANTS; SAMPLES; GWAS AB Background: The inheritance of most human diseases and agriculturally important traits is controlled by many genes with small effects. Identifying these genes, while simultaneously controlling false positives, is challenging. Among available statistical methods, the mixed linear model (MLM) has been the most flexible and powerful for controlling population structure and individual unequal relatedness (kinship), the two common causes of spurious associations. The introduction of the compressed MLM (CMLM) method provided additional opportunities for optimization by adding two new model parameters: grouping algorithms and number of groups. Results: This study introduces another model parameter to develop an enriched CMLM (ECMLM). The parameter involves algorithms to define kinship between groups (that is, kinship algorithms). The ECMLM calculates kinship using several different algorithms and then chooses the best combination between kinship algorithms and grouping algorithms. Conclusion: Simulations show that the ECMLM increases statistical power. In some cases, the magnitude of power gained by using ECMLM instead of CMLM is larger than the improvement found by using CMLM instead of MLM. C1 [Li, Meng] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Li, Meng; Liu, Xiaolei; Buckler, Edward S.; Zhang, Zhiwu] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY USA. [Bradbury, Peter; Buckler, Edward S.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Yu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Yuan-Ming] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Natl Ctr Soybean Improvement, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Todhunter, Rory J.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhang, Zhiwu] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Zhiwu] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Zhang, YM (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Natl Ctr Soybean Improvement, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM soyzhang@njau.edu.cn; Zhiwu.Zhang@WSU.edu OI Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099; Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X; Zhang, Yuan-Ming/0000-0003-2317-2190; Zhang, Zhiwu/0000-0002-5784-9684 FU NSF-Plant Genome Program [DBI-0321467, 0703908, 0820619]; NSF-Plant Genome Comparative Sequencing Program [DBI-06638566]; NIH [1R21AR055228-01A1, 1R24 GM082910-01A]; NHLBI [U 01 HL72524, HL54776, 5U01HL072524-06]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; USDA-CSREES NRI [2006-35300-17155]; Morris Animal Foundation [D04CA-135]; Masterfoods Inc.; Cornell Enriched Technology in Biotechnology; Collaborative Research Program in the Cornell Veterinary College; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China: Science and Young Scholar Technology Innovation Fund of Nanjing Agricultural University [KJ2013014]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31301748]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2014 M551607] FX This study was supported by NSF-Plant Genome Program (DBI-0321467, 0703908 and 0820619), NSF-Plant Genome Comparative Sequencing Program (DBI-06638566), NIH (1R21AR055228-01A1 and 1R24 GM082910-01A), NHLBI (U 01 HL72524, HL54776 and 5U01HL072524-06), US Department of Agriculture Research Service (53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001), USDA-CSREES NRI (2006-35300-17155), Morris Animal Foundation (D04CA-135), Masterfoods Inc., Cornell Enriched Technology in Biotechnology, and the Collaborative Research Program in the Cornell Veterinary College. The project was also supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China: Science and Young Scholar Technology Innovation Fund of Nanjing Agricultural University (Grant no. KJ2013014), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31301748) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant no. 2014 M551607). The authors thank Sara J Miller and Linda R Klein for copyediting the manuscript. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 35 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1741-7007 J9 BMC BIOL JI BMC Biol. PD OCT 17 PY 2014 VL 12 AR 73 DI 10.1186/s12915-014-0073-5 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AU8UR UT WOS:000345872300001 PM 25322753 ER PT J AU Haukisalmi, V Hardman, LM Hoberg, EP Henttonen, H AF Haukisalmi, Voitto Hardman, Lotta M. Hoberg, Eric P. Henttonen, Heikki TI Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic revision of Paranoplocephala Luhe, 1910 sensu lato (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Gulyaevia n. g; Chionocestus n. g; Microticola n. g; Beringitaenia nanushukensis n. g; n. sp; Arctocestus n. g; Rauschoides n. g; Eurotaenia n. g; Douthittia n. g; Lemminia n. g; Tenoraia n. g; Rodentocestus n. g; Cookiella n. g; Parandrya; Gallegoides; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ( cox1); NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 ( nad1); rodents; Arvicolinae ID N. SP CESTODA; COLLARED LEMMINGS DICROSTONYX; VOLE MICROTUS-OECONOMUS; C-OXIDASE SUBUNIT-1; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MACROPODID MARSUPIALS; GENETIC CONSEQUENCES; COMPLEX CESTODA; AFRICAN RODENTS; SPP. CESTODA AB An extensive phylogenetic analysis and genus-level taxonomic revision of Paranoplocephala Luhe, 1910-like cestodes (Cyclophyllidea, Anoplocephalidae) are presented. The phylogenetic analysis is based on DNA sequences of two partial mitochondrial genes, i. e. cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1), and includes 51 cestode isolates. The revision concerns all 34 Paranoplocephala-like species considered valid, of which 21 species could be included in the molecular phylogenetic analysis. Based on the phylogenetic relationships and main morphological features, with emphasis on the structure of the scolex, suckers and neck, length of the vagina (relative to the cirrus sac) and distribution of testes, 12 new genera are proposed for cestodes traditionally assigned to Paranoplocephala s. l. This results in 23 new combinations. The new genera are: Gulyaevia n. g., Chionocestus n. g., Microticola n. g., Beringitaenia n. g., Arctocestus n. g., Rauschoides n. g., Eurotaenia n. g., Douthittia n. g., Lemminia n. g., Tenoraia n. g., Rodentocestus n. g. and Cookiella n. g. In addition, Paranoplocephala (s. s.) and Parandrya Gulyaev & Chechulin, 1996 are redescribed; the latter genus is considered valid, although it has been earlier synonymized with Paranoplocephala. A new species (Beringitaenia nanushukensis n. sp.) from Microtus miurus is described. Based on the DNA sequence data, several additional lineages probably representing independent species are identified, but not described as new taxa because of lack of good-quality specimens or absence of reliable morphological differences. The study also presents the first evidence for the phylogenetic position of the monotypic genus Gallegoides Tenora & Mas-Coma, 1978 based on DNA sequence data. A key for the Paranoplocephala-like genera is presented. The patterns of diversity and zoogeography of cestodes representing the "arvicoline clade" (72 species) are complex, involving mechanisms of dispersal, geographic colonization and host switching linking faunas across Eurasia and North America. C1 [Haukisalmi, Voitto] Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist Luomus, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Hoberg, Eric P.] USDA ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Henttonen, Heikki] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Vantaa Unit, Vantaa 01370, Finland. RP Haukisalmi, V (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist Luomus, P Rautatiekatu 13, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM voitto.haukisalmi@helsinki.fi; lotta.hardman@gmail.com; eric.hoberg@ars.usda.gov; heikki.henttonen@metla.fi FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0196095, 0415668]; Integrated Inventory of Biomes of the Arctic (NSF- DEB- Biodiversity Discovery and Analysis [1258010]; Department of the Interior, US National Park Service; NSF PBI award [0818696, 0818823] FX Most of the cestodes from north-eastern Siberia and Alaska were collected in connection with the Beringian Coevolution Project (BCP), funded by National Science Foundation (DEB 0196095 and 0415668) planned and coordinated by Joseph A. Cook (University of New Mexico) and Eric P. Hoberg (United States National Parasite Collection). Our current investigations were further supported through funding of the Integrated Inventory of Biomes of the Arctic (NSF- DEB- Biodiversity Discovery and Analysis- 1258010) to J. A. Cook, EPH, K. E. Galbreath (Northern Michigan University) and E. Dechaine (Western Washington University). Logistics for remote field collections in Alaska were also facilitated and funded by the Department of the Interior, US National Park Service. Collections in northeastern Siberia were in-part facilitated by colleagues of the Institute for Biological Problems of the North, Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan. Authors thank all members of various BCP crews for their invaluable efforts under harsh field conditions, especially acknowledging contributions by S. O. MacDonald, A. M. Runck, A. V. A. Koehler, K. E. Galbreath, A. Tsvetkova and N. E. Dokuchaev. For other materials, we acknowledge the help of the following collaborators and local experts: J. D. Boone, C. J. Conroy, V. Fedorov, C. Feliu, P. Foronda, K. Fregda, A. Gubanyi, E. Kallio, A. Kenney, C. Krebs, J. Laakkonen, J. Margaletic, A. Markotic, G. Muruyeva, J. Niemimaa, K. Norrdahl, J. L. Patton, S. Shulunov, O. Vapalahti and N. Yoccoz. V. H. has been supported by NSF PBI award Nos. 0818696 and 0818823. We further recognize and acknowledge the foundations for our current understanding of diversity among arvicoline tapeworms that emanated from the seminal studies of Robert L. Rausch and Viriginia R. Rausch who in many ways set the stage for taxonomic explorations of hosts and parasites across the expanse of Beringia. Boyko B. Georgiev and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for detailed and constructive comments on the manuscript. NR 127 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 13 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD OCT 17 PY 2014 VL 3873 IS 4 BP 371 EP 415 PG 45 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AR2FJ UT WOS:000343398700003 PM 25544228 ER PT J AU Gurtler, JB Bailey, RB Jin, TZ Fan, XT AF Gurtler, Joshua B. Bailey, Rebecca B. Jin, Tony Z. Fan, Xuetong TI Reduction of an E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella composite on fresh strawberries by varying antimicrobial washes and vacuum perfusion SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Strawberry; Sanitizer; E. coli O157:H7; Salmonella; Antimicrobial ID CHLORINE DIOXIDE GAS; FRAGARIA X ANANASSA; PULSED UV-LIGHT; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; FROZEN STRAWBERRIES; SHIGELLA SPP.; O157-H7; INACTIVATION; DECONTAMINATION; RASPBERRIES AB A 2011 outbreak of hemorrhagic colitis, which resulted in the death of two individuals, was associated with contaminated strawberries. A study was conducted to identify antimicrobial washes effective at reducing E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica from the surface of fresh whole strawberries during two-minute immersion washes. Twenty-seven antimicrobial treatments were tested. Vacuum perfusion was applied to strawberries during chlorine and peracetic acid treatments to promote infiltration of sanitizer into porous strawberry tissue. Strawberries were inoculated to 7.1 log CFU/strawberry with a seven-strain bacterial composite, consisting of three strains of E. coli O157:H7 and four serovars of Salmonella enterica. Berries were air-dried for 2 h and immersed in circulating antimicrobial solutions for 120 s at 22 degrees C. Four treatments reduced >= 3.0 log CFU/strawberry, including (a) 1% acetic acid + 1% H2O2, (b)30%ethanol+1%H2O2, (c) 90 ppm peracetic acid, and (d) 1% lactic acid + 1% H2O2. Two additional treatments that reduced 2.8 log CFU/strawberly were (a) 40% ethanol, and (b) 1% each of phosphoric + fumaric acids. Eight treatments reduced 2.0-2.6 log CFU/strawberry. Five treatments reduced <1.45 CFU/strawberry, including (a) 1% citric acid, (b) 1% lactic acid, (c) 1% acetic acid, (d) 0.5% each of acetic + citric acids and (e) 0.5% each of acetic + lactic acids. The use of vacuum perfusion with 200 ppm chlorine or 90 ppm peracetic acid did not reduce greater populations of pathogens than did the same treatments without vacuum perfusion. Fourteen treatments reduced no more pathogens (p < 0.05) than did sterile deionized water. Results from this study provide some options for end-point decontamination of strawberries for retail operations just prior to serving to customers. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gurtler, Joshua B.; Bailey, Rebecca B.] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Jin, Tony Z.; Fan, Xuetong] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Gurtler, JB (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM joshua.gurtler@ars.usda.gov OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 FU USDA; ARS CRIS through ARS National Program [1935-41420-017] FX The authors thank Doug Soroka (ERRC Core Technologies Unit) for the assistance with electron microscopy imaging. This study was funded by the USDA, ARS CRIS project 1935-41420-017 through ARS National Program 108. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD OCT 17 PY 2014 VL 189 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.08.005 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA AQ5RH UT WOS:000342865800015 PM 25146462 ER PT J AU Marancik, DP Camus, MS Camus, AC Leeds, TD Weber, GM Wiens, GD AF Marancik, David P. Camus, Melinda S. Camus, Alvin C. Leeds, Timothy D. Weber, Gregory M. Wiens, Gregory D. TI Biochemical reference intervals and pathophysiological changes in Flavobacterium psychrophilum-resistant and -susceptible rainbow trout lines SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Bacterial cold water disease; BCWD; Flavobacteriosis; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Disease resistance; Breeding program; Pathophysiology; Biochemistry ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA; COLD-WATER DISEASE; SALMO-GAIRDNERI RICHARDSON; BLOOD-CHEMISTRY; CLINICAL PATHOLOGY; STRESS RESPONSES; WHIRLING DISEASE; GROSS PATHOLOGY; FRY SYNDROME AB Host genetic resistance against disease-causing pathogens can be enhanced through family-based selective breeding. At present, there is an incomplete understanding of how artificial selection of fish alters host physiology and response following pathogen exposure. We previously reported the generation of selectively-bred rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss lines with either increased resistance (ARS-Fp-R) or susceptibility (ARS-Fp-S) to bacterial cold water disease (BCWD). This study (1) determined baseline reference-range intervals for packed cell volume (PCV) and 18 plasma biochemistry analytes, and (2) examined pathophysiological changes following infection between the genetic lines. PCV and biochemistry reference-range intervals did not significantly differ between genetic lines; thus data were pooled into a single reference-range population (n = 85). ARS-Fp-R and ARS-Fp-S line fish were intraperitoneally challenged with Flavobacterium psychrophilum, and plasma was collected on Days 1, 3, 6, and 9 post-challenge. Splenic bacterial load was measured using an F. psychrophilum-specific qPCR assay. In both genetic lines, changes were observed in mean PCV, total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, chloride, and calcium, falling outside the established reference intervals and significantly differing from phosphate-buffered saline challenged fish, on at least 1 d post-challenge. Mean PCV, total protein, and calcium significantly differed between ARS-Fp-R and ARS-Fp-S line fish on Day 9 post-infection, with values in the ARS-Fp-S line deviating most from the reference interval. PCV, total protein, cholesterol, and calcium negatively correlated with bacterial load. These findings identify divergent pathophysiological responses between ARS-Fp-R and ARS-Fp-S line fish following laboratory challenge that are likely associated with differential survival. C1 [Marancik, David P.; Leeds, Timothy D.; Weber, Gregory M.; Wiens, Gregory D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Camus, Melinda S.; Camus, Alvin C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Marancik, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM david.marancik@ars.usda.gov; greg.wiens@ars.usda.gov OI Wiens, Gregory/0000-0002-5478-7780 FU Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project [1930-32000-005]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-67015-30217] FX We acknowledge technical contributions from Travis Moreland, Joel Caren, and Jill Birkett. We thank Dr. Richard Taylor for a critical review of the manuscript and personnel at the clinical pathology laboratory at the University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, for their technical support. This work was supported by Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project 1930-32000-005 'Integrated Approaches for Improving Aquatic Animal Health in Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture' and Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2012-67015-30217 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to G.D.W. We have no conflict of interest to declare. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 EI 1616-1580 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD OCT 16 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 3 BP 239 EP 248 DI 10.3354/dao02777 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA AU6FY UT WOS:000345700200006 PM 25320036 ER PT J AU Bello, MH Moghaddam, SM Massoudi, M McClean, PE Cregan, PB Miklas, PN AF Bello, Marco H. Moghaddam, Samira M. Massoudi, Mark McClean, Phillip E. Cregan, Perry B. Miklas, Phillip N. TI Application of in silico bulked segregant analysis for rapid development of markers linked to Bean common mosaic virus resistance in common bean SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Marker-assisted selection; Molecular breeding; KASP; CAPS; Disease resistance ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; ASSISTED SELECTION; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; HALO BLIGHT; POTYVIRUS RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR MARKER; SNP DISCOVERY; GENE AB Background: Common bean was one of the first crops that benefited from the development and utilization of molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) for major disease resistance genes. Efficiency of MAS for breeding common bean is still hampered, however, due to the dominance, linkage phase, and loose linkage of previously developed markers. Here we applied in silico bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to the BeanCAP diversity panel, composed of over 500 lines and genotyped with the BARCBEAN_3 6K SNP BeadChip, to develop codominant and tightly linked markers to the I gene controlling resistance to Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). Results: We physically mapped the genomic region underlying the I gene. This locus, in the distal arm of chromosome Pv02, contains seven putative NBS-LRR-type disease resistance genes. Two contrasting bulks, containing BCMV host differentials and ten BeanCAP lines with known disease reaction to BCMV, were subjected to in silico BSA for targeting the / gene and flanking sequences. Two distinct haplotypes, containing a cluster of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), were associated with resistance or susceptibility to BCMV. One-hundred and twenty-two lines, including 115 of the BeanCAP panel, were screened for BCMV resistance in the greenhouse, and all of the resistant or susceptible plants displayed distinct SNP haplotypes as those found in the two bulks. The resistant/susceptible haplotypes were validated in 98 recombinant inbred lines segregating for BCMV resistance. The closest SNP (similar to 25-32 kb) to the distal NBS-LRR gene model for the I gene locus was targeted for conversion to codominant KASP (Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR) and CAPS (Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence) markers. Both marker systems accurately predicted the disease reaction to BCMV conferred by the I gene in all screened lines of this study. Conclusions: We demonstrated the utility of the in silico BSA approach using genetically diverse germplasm, genotyped with a high-density SNP chip array, to discover SNP variation at a specific targeted genomic region. In common bean, many disease resistance genes are mapped and their physical genomic position can now be determined, thus the application of this approach will facilitate further development of codominant and tightly linked markers for use in MAS. C1 [Bello, Marco H.; Miklas, Phillip N.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Moghaddam, Samira M.; McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Genom, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Moghaddam, Samira M.; McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Bioinformat Program, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Massoudi, Mark] Ag Biotech Inc, Bautista, CA 95045 USA. [Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Miklas, PN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov FU Norman Borlaug Commemorative Research Initiative between USAID Feed the Future program; USDA Agricultural Research Service; National Council for Research and Technology (CONACYT) of Mexico FX This project was funded by the Norman Borlaug Commemorative Research Initiative between USAID Feed the Future program and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. We thank Dr. Kenneth Grafton (NDSU) for providing the RIL population. MHB was partially supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the National Council for Research and Technology (CONACYT) of Mexico. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 38 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 16 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 903 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-903 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AS9OI UT WOS:000344571400001 PM 25326146 ER PT J AU Ruiz-Gonzalez, A Gurrutxaga, M Cushman, SA Madeira, MJ Randi, E Gomez-Moliner, BJ AF Ruiz-Gonzalez, Aritz Gurrutxaga, Mikel Cushman, Samuel A. Jose Madeira, Maria Randi, Ettore Gomez-Moliner, Benjamin J. TI Landscape Genetics for the Empirical Assessment of Resistance Surfaces: The European Pine Marten (Martes martes) as a Target-Species of a Regional Ecological Network SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; ROE DEER POPULATION; FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPE; GENOTYPING ERRORS; HABITAT SELECTION; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MANTEL TESTS; FLOW; CONNECTIVITY AB Coherent ecological networks (EN) composed of core areas linked by ecological corridors are being developed worldwide with the goal of promoting landscape connectivity and biodiversity conservation. However, empirical assessment of the performance of EN designs is critical to evaluate the utility of these networks to mitigate effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. Landscape genetics provides a particularly valuable framework to address the question of functional connectivity by providing a direct means to investigate the effects of landscape structure on gene flow. The goals of this study are (1) to evaluate the landscape features that drive gene flow of an EN target species (European pine marten), and (2) evaluate the optimality of a regional EN design in providing connectivity for this species within the Basque Country (North Spain). Using partial Mantel tests in a reciprocal causal modeling framework we competed 59 alternative models, including isolation by distance and the regional EN. Our analysis indicated that the regional EN was among the most supported resistance models for the pine marten, but was not the best supported model. Gene flow of pine marten in northern Spain is facilitated by natural vegetation, and is resisted by anthropogenic landcover types and roads. Our results suggest that the regional EN design being implemented in the Basque Country will effectively facilitate gene flow of forest dwelling species at regional scale. C1 [Ruiz-Gonzalez, Aritz; Jose Madeira, Maria; Gomez-Moliner, Benjamin J.] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Dept Zool & Anim Cell Biol, Vitoria, Spain. [Ruiz-Gonzalez, Aritz; Gurrutxaga, Mikel; Jose Madeira, Maria; Gomez-Moliner, Benjamin J.] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Lascaray Res Ctr, Systemat Biogeog & Populat Dynam Res Grp, Vitoria, Spain. [Ruiz-Gonzalez, Aritz; Randi, Ettore] ISPRA, Natl Inst Environm Protect & Res, Conservat Genet Lab, Bologna, Italy. [Gurrutxaga, Mikel] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Dept Geog, Vitoria, Spain. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Randi, Ettore] Aalborg Univ, Dept 18, Sect Environm Engn, Aalborg, Denmark. RP Ruiz-Gonzalez, A (reprint author), Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Dept Zool & Anim Cell Biol, Vitoria, Spain. EM aritz.ruiz@ehu.es RI Gurrutxaga, Mikel/A-2085-2012; OI Gurrutxaga, Mikel/0000-0001-5464-7318; GOMEZ MOLINER, BENJAMIN JUAN/0000-0002-3054-8806; RUIZ GONZALEZ, ARITZ/0000-0001-7409-4634 FU Basque Government through the Research group on "Systematics, Biogeography and Population Dynamics'' [IT317-10, GIC10/76, IT575/13]; University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU); Department of Environment, Territorial Planning, Agriculture and Fisheries (Basque Government) through IKT S.A [UE07/02]; Dept. of Education Universities and Research of the Basque Government [DKR-2012-64]; Spanish Ministry of Environment; Regional Government of Navarre; Regional Government of Aragon; Alava Provincial Council FX This study has been funded by the Basque Government through the Research group on "Systematics, Biogeography and Population Dynamics'' (Ref. IT317-10; GIC10/76; IT575/13) and by the University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU) and the Department of Environment, Territorial Planning, Agriculture and Fisheries (Basque Government) through IKT S.A under the University-Enterprise research program (Ref. UE07/02). Ruiz-Gonzalez holds a Post doc fellowship awarded by the Dept. of Education Universities and Research of the Basque Government (Ref. DKR-2012-64). Several samples analysed in this study have been obtained in the framework of different carnivore surveys funded by regional or national administrations (Spanish Ministry of Environment, Regional Governments of Navarre and Aragon, Alava Provincial Council). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 108 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 78 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 16 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e110552 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110552 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ9XC UT WOS:000343210800093 PM 25329047 ER PT J AU Summers, AF Pohlmeier, WE Sargent, KM Cole, BD Vinton, RJ Kurz, SG Mcfee, RM Cushman, RA Cupp, AS Wood, JR AF Summers, Adam F. Pohlmeier, William E. Sargent, Kevin M. Cole, Brizett D. Vinton, Rebecca J. Kurz, Scott G. Mcfee, Renee M. Cushman, Robert A. Cupp, Andrea S. Wood, Jennifer R. TI Altered Theca and Cumulus Oocyte Complex Gene Expression, Follicular Arrest and Reduced Fertility in Cows with Dominant Follicle Follicular Fluid Androgen Excess SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; BOVINE GRANULOSA-CELLS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; STIMULATING-HORMONE; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; RNA AMPLIFICATION; ESTROUS SYNCHRONY; BINDING-PROTEINS; SYNDROME PCOS; IN-VITRO AB Aspiration of bovine follicles 12-36 hours after induced corpus luteum lysis serendipitously identified two populations of cows, one with High androstenedione (A4; >40 ng/ml; mean = 102) and another with Low A4 (<20 ng/ml; mean = 9) in follicular fluid. We hypothesized that the steroid excess in follicular fluid of dominant follicles in High A4 cows would result in reduced fertility through altered follicle development and oocyte maternal RNA abundance. To test this hypothesis, estrous cycles of cows were synchronized and ovariectomy was performed 36 hours later. HPLC MS/MS analysis of follicular fluid showed increased dehydroepiandrosterone (6-fold), A4 (158-fold) and testosterone (31-fold) in the dominant follicle of High A4 cows. However, estrone (3-fold) and estradiol (2-fold) concentrations were only slightly elevated, suggesting a possible inefficiency in androgen to estrogen conversion in High A4 cows. Theca cell mRNA expression of LHCGR, GATA6, CYP11A1, and CYP17A1 was greater in High A4 cows. Furthermore, abundance of ZAR1 was decreased 10-fold in cumulus oocyte complexes from High A4 cows, whereas NLRP5 abundance tended to be 19.8-fold greater (P = 0.07). There was a tendency for reduction in stage 4 follicles in ovarian cortex samples from High A4 cows suggesting that progression to antral stages were impaired. High A4 cows tended (P<0.07) to have a 17% reduction in calving rate compared with Low A4 cows suggesting reduced fertility in the High A4 population. These data suggest that the dominant follicle environment of High A4 cows including reduced estrogen conversion and androgen excess contributes to infertility in part through altered follicular and oocyte development. C1 [Summers, Adam F.; Pohlmeier, William E.; Sargent, Kevin M.; Cole, Brizett D.; Vinton, Rebecca J.; Kurz, Scott G.; Mcfee, Renee M.; Cupp, Andrea S.; Wood, Jennifer R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Cushman, Robert A.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Cupp, AS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM acupp2@unl.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2013-67015-20965]; USDA State of Nebraska Hatch Grants [NEB 13-154, NEB-ANHL 26-85, NEB-26-198]; Nebraska Experiment Station Multi-State Research Funds [NEB 26-202, NEB 26-206]; Undergraduate Creative Activities and Research Experiences (UCARE) from University of Nebraska Foundation FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2013-67015-20965 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The project was also supported in part by USDA State of Nebraska Hatch Grants (NEB 13-154, NEB-ANHL 26-85, NEB-26-198) Nebraska Experiment Station Multi-State Research Funds (NEB 26-202, NEB 26-206) and the Undergraduate Creative Activities and Research Experiences (UCARE) Funding from University of Nebraska Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 16 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e110683 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110683 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ9XC UT WOS:000343210800105 PM 25330369 ER PT J AU Blackwell, BF Seamans, TW DeVault, TL AF Blackwell, Bradley F. Seamans, Thomas W. DeVault, Travis L. TI White-Tailed Deer Response to Vehicle Approach: Evidence of Unclear and Present Danger SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FLIGHT-INITIATION DISTANCE; STARTING DISTANCE; PREDATION RISK; QUANTILE REGRESSION; INTERSTATE HIGHWAY; HUMAN DISTURBANCE; BEHAVIOR; VIGILANCE; HABITAT; PENNSYLVANIA AB The fundamental causes of animal-vehicle collisions are unclear, particularly at the level of animal detection of approaching vehicles and decision-making. Deer-vehicle collisions (DVCs) are especially costly in terms of animal mortality, property damage, and safety. Over one year, we exposed free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to vehicle approach under low ambient light conditions, from varying start distances, and vehicle speeds from 20 km/h to approximately 90 km/h. We modeled flight response by deer to an approaching vehicle and tested four hypotheses: 1) flight-initiation distance (FID) would correlate positively with start distance (indicating a spatial margin of safety); 2) deer would react to vehicle speed using a temporal margin of safety; 3) individuals reacting at greater FIDs would be more likely to cross the path of the vehicle; and 4) crossings would correlate positively with start distance, approach speed, and distance to concealing/refuge cover. We examined deer responses by quantiles. Median FID was 40% of start distance, irrespective of start distance or approach speed. Converting FID to time-to-collision (TTC), median TTC was 4.6 s, but uncorrelated with start distance or approach speed. The likelihood of deer crossing in front of the vehicle was not associated with greater FIDs or other explanatory variables. Because deer flight response to vehicle approach was highly variable, DVCs should be more likely with increasing vehicle speeds because of lower TTCs for a given distance. For road sections characterized by frequent DVCs, we recommend estimating TTC relative to vehicle speed and candidate line-of-sight distances adjusted downward by (1-P), where P represents our findings for the proportion of start distance by which >75% of deer had initiated flight. Where road design or conservation goals limit effectiveness of line-of-sight maintenance, we suggest incorporation of roadway obstacles that force drivers to slow vehicles, in addition to posting advisory speed limits. C1 [Blackwell, Bradley F.; Seamans, Thomas W.; DeVault, Travis L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Blackwell, BF (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM Bradley.F.Blackwell@aphis.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center; US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) [DTFACT-04-X-90003] FX The research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, and the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) under agreement DTFACT-04-X-90003. Opinions and conclusions expressed in this manuscript are not necessarily those held by the FAA. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 38 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109988 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109988 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX2IH UT WOS:000346766200071 PM 25333922 ER PT J AU Cohen, ND Bourquin, JR Bordin, AI Kuskie, KR Brake, CN Weaver, KB Liu, M Felippe, MJB Kogut, MH AF Cohen, Noah D. Bourquin, Jessica R. Bordin, Angela I. Kuskie, Kyle R. Brake, Courtney N. Weaver, Kaytee B. Liu, Mei Felippe, M. Julia B. Kogut, Michael H. TI Intramuscular Administration of a Synthetic CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotide Modulates Functional Responses of Neutrophils of Neonatal Foals SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; RHODOCOCCUS-EQUI; CYTOKINE EXPRESSION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; INNATE IMMUNITY; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IN-VITRO; INFECTION; INDUCTION AB Neutrophils play an important role in protecting against infection. Foals have age-dependent deficiencies in neutrophil function that may contribute to their predisposition to infection. Thus, we investigated the ability of a CpG-ODN formulated with Emulsigen to modulate functional responses of neutrophils in neonatal foals. Eighteen foals were randomly assigned to receive either a CpG-ODN with Emulsigen (N = 9) or saline intramuscularly at ages 1 and 7 days. At ages 1, 3, 9, 14, and 28, blood was collected and neutrophils were isolated from each foal. Neutrophils were assessed for basal and Rhodococcus equi-stimulated mRNA expression of the cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, and IL-8 using real-time PCR, degranulation by quantifying the amount of beta-D glucuronidase activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation using flow cytometry. In vivo administration of the CpG-ODN formulation on days 1 and 7 resulted in significantly (P<0.05) increased IFN-gamma mRNA expression by foal neutrophils on days 3, 9, and 14. Degranulation was significantly (P<0.05) lower for foals in the CpG-ODN-treated group than the control group at days 3 and 14, but not at other days. No effect of treatment on ROS generation was detected. These results indicate that CpG-ODN administration to foals might improve innate and adaptive immune responses that could protect foals against infectious diseases and possibly improve responses to vaccination. C1 [Cohen, Noah D.; Bourquin, Jessica R.; Bordin, Angela I.; Kuskie, Kyle R.; Brake, Courtney N.; Weaver, Kaytee B.; Liu, Mei] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Equine Infect Dis Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Felippe, M. Julia B.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kogut, Michael H.] ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. RP Cohen, ND (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Equine Infect Dis Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM ncohen@cvm.tamu.edu FU USDA-CSREES [TEX018399]; Link Equine Research Endowment, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas AM University; Fort Dodge Animal Health/Zoetis FX This work was supported by a grant from the USDA-CSREES (TEX018399), with additional support from the Link Equine Research Endowment, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Dr. Bordin was supported by a fellowship from Fort Dodge Animal Health/Pfizer Animal Health (now Zoetis). The corporate support for Dr. Bordin's scholarship had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The CpG-ODN used in this study was provided by Merial, Ltd. Merial had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109865 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109865 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX2IH UT WOS:000346766200061 PM 25333660 ER PT J AU Waewthongrak, W Leelasuphakul, W McCollum, G AF Waewthongrak, Waewruedee Leelasuphakul, Wichitra McCollum, Greg TI Cyclic Lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis ABS-S14 Elicit Defense-Related Gene Expression in Citrus Fruit SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE; PENICILLIUM-DIGITATUM; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PLANT-DISEASE; BIOCONTROL; STRAINS; LIPOXYGENASE; SURFACTIN; RESPONSES; PATHOGEN AB Effects of cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) obtained from Bacillus subtilis ABS-S14 on eliciting defense-related gene transcription and activity of defense-related enzymes; glucanase (GLU), chitinase (CHI), peroxidase (POX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) in Citrus sinensis cv. Valencia fruit were determined. The maximum level of GLU transcripts induced in fruit treated with fengycin was significantly greatest among treatments at 48 h. Surfactin enhanced the LOX and POX transcripts. In parallel, corresponding enzyme activities were correlated with changes in gene expression observed in fruit inoculated with Penicillium digitatum following treatment with individual CLPs. Synergistic effects of fengycin and iturin A, fengycin and surfactin were shown in gene transcript of GLU and CHI, respectively, and surfactin induced POX and LOX gene expression of citrus flavedo without pathogen infection. These results suggest that fengycin and surfactin act as elicitors of defense-related gene expression in "Valencia" fruit following infection. C1 [Waewthongrak, Waewruedee; Leelasuphakul, Wichitra] Prince Songkla Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Sci, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand. [McCollum, Greg] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Leelasuphakul, W (reprint author), Prince Songkla Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Sci, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand. EM wichitra.l@psu.ac.th FU Thailand Research Fund [DBG5380015]; National Research University Project of Thailand's Office of Higher Education Commission [SCI540530S]; TRF Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. student scholarship; University Academic Excellence Strengthening Program in Biochemistry of Prince of Songkla University (PSU), the PSU Graduate Fund FX WL has received funds from the Thailand Research Fund, grants no. DBG5380015, the National Research University Project of Thailand's Office of Higher Education Commission (Grant no. SCI540530S), www.psu.ac.th. WW has received TRF Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. student scholarship; www.trf.or.th, and the University Academic Excellence Strengthening Program in Biochemistry of Prince of Songkla University (PSU), the PSU Graduate Fund, www.psu.ac.th. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 26 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109386 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109386 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX2IH UT WOS:000346766200027 PM 25329301 ER PT J AU Yanagida, T Carod, JF Sako, Y Nakao, M Hoberg, EP Ito, A AF Yanagida, Tetsuya Carod, Jean-Francois Sako, Yasuhito Nakao, Minoru Hoberg, Eric P. Ito, Akira TI Genetics of the Pig Tapeworm in Madagascar Reveal a History of Human Dispersal and Colonization SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ISLAND SOUTHEAST-ASIA; TAENIA-SOLIUM; CYSTICERCOSIS; AFRICA; PARASITES; ORIGINS; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; ECHINOCOCCUS; HYPOTHESIS; PHYLOGENY AB An intricate history of human dispersal and geographic colonization has strongly affected the distribution of human pathogens. The pig tapeworm Taenia solium occurs throughout the world as the causative agent of cysticercosis, one of the most serious neglected tropical diseases. Discrete genetic lineages of T. solium in Asia and Africa/Latin America are geographically disjunct; only in Madagascar are they sympatric. Linguistic, archaeological and genetic evidence has indicated that the people in Madagascar have mixed ancestry from Island Southeast Asia and East Africa. Hence, anthropogenic introduction of the tapeworm from Southeast Asia and Africa had been postulated. This study shows that the major mitochondrial haplotype of T. solium in Madagascar is closely related to those from the Indian Subcontinent. Parasitological evidence presented here, and human genetics previously reported, support the hypothesis of an Indian influence on Malagasy culture coinciding with periods of early human migration onto the island. We also found evidence of nuclear-mitochondrial discordance in single tapeworms, indicating unexpected cross-fertilization between the two lineages of T. solium. Analyses of genetic and geographic populations of T. solium in Madagascar will shed light on apparently rapid evolution of this organism driven by recent (<2,000 yr) human migrations, following tens of thousands of years of geographic isolation. C1 [Yanagida, Tetsuya; Sako, Yasuhito; Nakao, Minoru; Ito, Akira] Asahikawa Med Univ, Dept Parasitol, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan. [Carod, Jean-Francois] Inst Pasteur Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, USDA, US Natl Parasite Collect, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Yanagida, T (reprint author), Yamaguchi Univ, Joint Fac Vet Med, Lab Vet Parasitol, Yamaguchi, Japan. EM yanagi-t@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp FU Institut Pasteur de Madagascar; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) Asia/Africa Scientific platform; JSPS [21256003, 24256002]; Special Coordination Fund for Promoting Science and Technology from the Ministry of Education, Japan FX This study was supported by the Institut (http://www.pasteur.mg/) Pasteur de Madagascar and by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS: http://www.jsps.go.jp/) Asia/Africa Scientific platform (2006-2011), the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from JSPS (21256003, 24256002) and the Special Coordination Fund for Promoting Science and Technology from the Ministry of Education, Japan (2010-2012) to A. Ito. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109002 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109002 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX2IH UT WOS:000346766200014 PM 25329310 ER PT J AU Eda, M Ishimaru, M Tada, T Sakamoto, T Kotake, T Tsumuraya, Y Mort, AJ Gross, KC AF Eda, Masahiro Ishimaru, Megumi Tada, Toshiji Sakamoto, Tatsuji Kotake, Toshihisa Tsumuraya, Yoichi Mort, Andrew J. Gross, Kenneth C. TI Enzymatic activity and substrate specificity of the recombinant tomato beta-galactosidase 1 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cell wall; Exo-galactanase; beta-Galactosidase; Solanum lycopersicum; Substrate specificity ID CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; RICE ORYZA-SATIVA; XYLOGLUCAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; DOWN-REGULATION; COFFEA-ARABICA; CDNA-CLONE; GENE; PURIFICATION AB The open reading frame of tomato beta-galactosidase 1 was expressed in yeast, and the enzymatic properties and substrate specificity were investigated. The enzyme had peak activity at pH 5.0 and 40-50 degrees C. TBG1 was active on beta-(1,3)- and beta-(1,6)-galactobiose and lactose. TBG1 released galactose from lupin galactan, tomato fruit alkali soluble pectin, arabinogalactan, gum arabic and methyl beta-(1,6)-galactohexaoside, but not from labeled beta-(1,4)-galactoheptaose. TBG1 was assessed for its ability to degrade three galactosyl-containing cell wall fractions purified from different development and ripening stages of tomato fruit. TBG1 released galactose from all of the fractions from all of the stages tested. TBG1 activity was highest on the hemicellulose fraction at the 10 and 20 d after pollination stage. This result is not correlated the with TBG1 expression pattern. TBG1 might act on a small but specific set of polysaccharide containing galactose. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Eda, Masahiro; Tada, Toshiji] Osaka Prefecture Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sakai, Osaka 5998531, Japan. [Ishimaru, Megumi] Kinki Univ, Fac Biol Oriented Sci & Technol, Wakayama 6496493, Japan. [Sakamoto, Tatsuji] Osaka Prefecture Univ, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sakai, Osaka 5998531, Japan. [Kotake, Toshihisa; Tsumuraya, Yoichi] Saitama Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Sakura Ku, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Mort, Andrew J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Noble Res Ctr 246, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Gross, Kenneth C.] USDA ARS, Prod Qual & Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ishimaru, M (reprint author), 930 Nishimitani Kinokawa, Wakayama 6496493, Japan. EM ishimaru@waka.kindai.ac.jp RI Kotake, Toshihisa/F-1117-2011 OI Kotake, Toshihisa/0000-0002-1110-5006 NR 54 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 EI 1618-1328 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 171 IS 16 BP 1454 EP 1460 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.06.010 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AU5FI UT WOS:000345632200001 PM 25105231 ER PT J AU Hann, CT Bequette, CJ Dombrowski, JE Stratmann, JW AF Hann, Claire T. Bequette, Carlton J. Dombrowski, James E. Stratmann, Johannes W. TI Methanol and ethanol modulate responses to danger- and microbe-associated molecular patterns SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE methanol; ethanol; MAMP; DAMP; MAPK; oxidative burst; system in; flg22 ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASES; SUSPENSION-CULTURED CELLS; DEFENSE RESPONSES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANT DEFENSE; TOMATO LEAVES; OLIGOSACCHARIDE ELICITORS; METHYL ESTERIFICATION; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS AB Methanol is a byproduct of cell wall modification, released through the action of pectin methylesterases (PMEs), which demethylesterify cell wall pectins. Plant PMEs play not only a role in developmental processes but also in responses to herbivory and infection by fungal or bacterial pathogens. Molecular mechanisms that explain how methanol affects plant defenses are poorly understood. Here we show that exogenously supplied methanol alone has weak effects on defense signaling in three dicot species, however, it profoundly alters signaling responses to danger-and microbe-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs, MAMPs) such as the alarm hormone systemin, the bacterial flagellum-derived flg22 peptide, and the fungal cell wall-derived oligosaccharide chitosan. In the presence of methanol the kinetics and amplitudes of DAMP/MAMP-induced MAP kinase (MAPK) activity and oxidative burst are altered in tobacco and tomato suspension-cultured cells, in Arabidopsis seedlings and tomato leaf tissue. As a possible consequence of altered DAMP/MAMP signaling, methanol suppressed the expression of the defense genes PR-1 and PI-1 in tomato. In cell cultures of the grass tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea, Poaceae, Monocots), methanol alone activates MAPKs and increases chitosan-induced MAPK activity, and in the darnel grass Lolium temulentum (Poaceae), it alters wound-induced MAPK signaling. We propose that methanol can be recognized by plants as a sign of the damaged self. In dicots, methanol functions as a DAMP-like alarm signal with little elicitor activity on its own, whereas it appears to function as an elicitor-active DAMP in monocot grasses. Ethanol had been implicated in plant stress responses, although the source of ethanol in plants is not well established. We found that it has a similar effect as methanol on responses to MAMPs and DAMPs. C1 [Hann, Claire T.; Bequette, Carlton J.; Stratmann, Johannes W.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Dombrowski, James E.] USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Protect Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Stratmann, JW (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, 715 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM johstrat@biol.sc.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0745545]; ASPIRE grant from the University of South Carolina; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-045-00D] FX This research was partially supported by National Science Foundation grant IOS-0745545 and an ASPIRE grant from the University of South Carolina (to Johannes W. Stratmann) and by USDA-ARS CRIS Project # 5358-21000-045-00D (to James E. Dombrowski), NR 91 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 550 DI 10.3389/fpls.2014.00550 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT2UN UT WOS:000344792100001 PM 25360141 ER PT J AU Hill, DE Dubey, JP Baroch, JA Swafford, SR Fournet, VF Hawkins-Cooper, D Pyburn, DG Schmit, BS Gamble, HR Pedersen, K Ferreira, LR Verma, SK Ying, Y Kwok, OCH Feidas, H Theodoropoulos, G AF Hill, D. E. Dubey, J. P. Baroch, J. A. Swafford, S. R. Fournet, V. F. Hawkins-Cooper, D. Pyburn, D. G. Schmit, B. S. Gamble, H. R. Pedersen, K. Ferreira, L. R. Verma, S. K. Ying, Y. Kwok, O. C. H. Feidas, H. Theodoropoulos, G. TI Surveillance of feral swine for Trichinella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii in the USA and host-related factors associated with infection SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Feral swine; Geographic distribution; Risk factors; Spatial scan statistic; Toxoplasma gondii; Trichinella ID BOARS SUS-SCROFA; DOMESTIC PIGS; WILD BOARS; SCAVENGING MAMMALS; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; HIGH PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES; FROZEN PORK; SEROPREVALENCE AB Trichinella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are important zoonotic parasites that infect warm blooded animals and humans worldwide. Among domesticated food animals, pigs are the main host for Trichinella spiralis. Pigs, chickens, sheep, and goats are known to be infected with T. gondii at varying rates, depending on husbandry. Infections in wildlife with these parasites are generally higher than in domesticated species. Feral swine act as reservoirs of infection in the sylvatic ecosystem for Trichinella spp. and T. gondii, acting as sources of infection for peridomestic carnivores whose home ranges overlap with domestic pigs. Feral swine can have direct contact with non-biosecure domestic pigs, presenting opportunity for direct disease transmission through cannibalistic behavior. Determination of the prevalence of Trichinella spp. and T. gondii infection in feral swine is needed to understand the risk of transmission of these parasites to domestic pigs. A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted between 2006 and 2010 to estimate the antibody prevalence of Trichinella spp. and T. gondii and risk factors associated with infection in feral swine in the USA. Serum samples were tested from 3247 feral pigs from 32 states; results are reported from 26 states. Maximum entropy ecological niche modeling and spatial scan statistic were utilized to predict the geographic range and to examine clusters of infection of Trichinella spp. and T. gondii in feral pigs. The seroprevalence of antibodies to Trichinella spp. and T. gondii was 3.0% and 17.7%, respectively. Species distribution modeling indicated that the most probable distribution areas for both parasites was similar, concentrated primarily in the South and the Midwest regions of the USA. A follow up survey conducted during 2012-2013 revealed that 2.9% of 984 sampled feral swine were seropositive for Trichinella spp., and 28.4% were seropositive for T. gondii. Three hundred and thirty (330) tongues were collected from the 984 sampled animals during 2012-2013; 1.81% were tissue positive for T. spiralis muscle larvae; no other genotypes were found. The potential exists for introduction of these pathogens into domestic herds of non-biosecure domestic pigs as a result of increasing overlap of the range of feral pigs with non-biosecure domestic pigs production facilities in the USA. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hill, D. E.; Dubey, J. P.; Fournet, V. F.; Hawkins-Cooper, D.; Pedersen, K.; Ferreira, L. R.; Verma, S. K.; Ying, Y.; Kwok, O. C. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Baroch, J. A.; Schmit, B. S.; Pedersen, K.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Swafford, S. R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jackson, MS 38748 USA. [Pyburn, D. G.] Natl Pork Board, Clive, IA 50325 USA. [Gamble, H. R.] Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Feidas, H.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Geol, Dept Meteorol & Climatol, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Theodoropoulos, G.] Agr Univ Athens, Dept Anat & Physiol Farm Anim, GR-11855 Athens, Greece. RP Hill, DE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dolores.hill@ars.usda.gov FU National Pork Board, Des Moines, Iowa [08-216] FX This work was funded in part by grant # 08-216 from the National Pork Board, Des Moines, Iowa. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 205 IS 3-4 BP 653 EP 665 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.07.026 PG 13 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA AS7GN UT WOS:000344425200030 PM 25182211 ER PT J AU McClaran, MP Wei, HY AF McClaran, Mitchel P. Wei, Haiyan TI Recent drought phase in a 73-year record at two spatial scales: Implications for livestock production on rangelands in the Southwestern United States SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Santa Rita Experimental Range; Drought patches; Standardized precipitation index; Standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index; Rotational grazing ID NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PRECIPITATION; VEGETATION; VARIABILITY; TEMPERATURES; STRATEGIES; SONORAN; IMPACTS; SYSTEMS AB Livestock producers on rangelands are interested in drought at spatial scales of pastures (<25 km(2)) and water developments (<14 km(2)), and at temporal scales of seasons because summer convective storms are more spatially variable than cyclonic winter storms, and most forage production occurs in summer. Using a 73 y record of monthly precipitation from a dense network of rain gauges (0.1 km(-2)) and temperature from PRISM we interpolate drought conditions across a large-scale 225 km(2) area in southern Arizona USA, and at a small-scale of 100 separate 1.5 km x 1.5 km cells across the large area. We (1) compared the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index (SPEI) because the latter includes trends in temperature, (2) calculated the indices for each of the 100 grid cells for winter (Oct-May), summer (Jun-Sep) and water year (Oct-Sep) periods, and (3) compared the most recent 17 y (1996-2012) to the previous 56 y (1940-1995) because drying and warming trends appeared since 1996. We defined drought as the <= 20th percentile, which is the 15 driest years in the 73 y record for each small-scale cell and the large-scale 225 km(2) area. At the large-scale since 1996, temperature increased for all seasons by similar to 0.9 degrees C, frequency of water year and winter drought increased >3 fold to 40-65% of years but frequencies did not differ between SPI and SPEI; and the frequency of summer drought did not change after 1996. At the small-scale, the extent of drought increased in winter and water years and decreased in summer since 1996 when using SPEI, but did not change when using SPI. Since 1996, the chances of a management unit-sized drought patch (1-10 contiguous cells) increased in winter, water year, and summer when using SPEI; but not in summer when using SPI. Scaling relationships show extensive drought patches (>20% of large area) when the large-scale is near average conditions, and those patches are larger in summer than winter. Increased drought frequency and patchy spatial distribution of drought have implications for herd structure and herd movements among pastures to avoid economic losses and overgrazing in drought patches. We propose increased efforts to detect drought patches with on-site gauge networks and temperature monitoring as well as remote sensing of precipitation patterns and vegetation indices. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McClaran, Mitchel P.; Wei, Haiyan] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Wei, Haiyan] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP McClaran, MP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM mcclaran@u.arizona.edu FU USDA FS Rocky Mountain Research Station; University of Arizona; USDA-CSREES Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) Program; USDA-AFRI Climate Change Program FX Precipitation and livestock use records were provided by the Santa Rita Experimental Range Digital Database, which is supported by USDA FS Rocky Mountain Research Station and University of Arizona. Research funded by USDA-CSREES Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) Program and USDA-AFRI Climate Change Program. D.P. Guertin provided suggestions that led to this analysis. M. Crimmins, D. Goodrich, Moran, G. Ruyle, and an anonymous reviewer provided valuable suggestions on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 197 BP 40 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.06.004 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AQ5TA UT WOS:000342870300004 ER PT J AU Xiao, JF Ollinger, SV Frolking, S Hurtt, GC Hollinger, DY Davis, KJ Pan, YD Zhang, XY Deng, F Chen, JQ Baldocchi, DD Law, BE Arain, MA Desai, AR Richardson, AD Sun, G Amiro, B Margolis, H Gu, LH Scott, RL Blanken, PD Suyker, AE AF Xiao, Jingfeng Ollinger, Scott V. Frolking, Steve Hurtt, George C. Hollinger, David Y. Davis, Kenneth J. Pan, Yude Zhang, Xiaoyang Deng, Feng Chen, Jiquan Baldocchi, Dennis D. Law, Bevery E. Arain, M. Altaf Desai, Ankur R. Richardson, Andrew D. Sun, Ge Amiro, Brian Margolis, Hank Gu, Lianhong Scott, Russell L. Blanken, Peter D. Suyker, Andrew E. TI Data-driven diagnostics of terrestrial carbon dynamics over North America SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon sink; Carbon source; Disturbance; Eddy covariance; Drought; EVI ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; DIFFERENCE WATER INDEX; EUROPE-WIDE REDUCTION; UNITED-STATES; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; FOREST BIOMASS; BOREAL FORESTS; CANADA FORESTS; ECOSYSTEMS; CO2 AB The exchange of carbon dioxide is a key measure of ecosystem metabolism and a critical intersection between the terrestrial biosphere and the Earth's climate. Despite the general agreement that the terrestrial ecosystems in North America provide a sizeable carbon sink, the size and distribution of the sink remain uncertain. We use a data-driven approach to upscale eddy covariance flux observations from towers to the continental scale by integrating flux observations, meteorology, stand age, aboveground biomass, and a proxy for canopy nitrogen concentrations from AmeriFlux and Fluxnet-Canada Research Network as well as a variety of satellite data streams from the MODIS sensors. We then use the resulting gridded flux estimates from March 2000 to December 2012 to assess the magnitude, distribution, and interannual variability of carbon fluxes for the U.S. and Canada. The mean annual gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of the U.S. over the period 2001-2012 were 6.84, 5.31, and 1.10 Pg C yr(-1), respectively; the mean annual GPP, ER, and NEP of Canada over the same 12-year period were 3.91, 3.26, and 0.60 Pg C yr(-1), respectively. The mean nationwide annual NEP of natural ecosystems over the period 2001-2012 was 0.53 Pg C yr(-1) for the U.S. and 0.49 Pg C yr(-1) for the conterminous U.S. Our estimate of the carbon sink for the conterminous U.S. was almost identical with the estimate of the First State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR). The carbon fluxes exhibited relatively large interannual variability over the study period. The main sources of the interannual variability in carbon fluxes included drought and disturbance. The annual GPP and NEP were strongly related to annual evapotranspiration (ET) for both the U.S. and Canada, showing that the carbon and water cycles were closely coupled. Our gridded flux estimates provided an independent, alternative perspective on ecosystem carbon exchange over North America. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiao, Jingfeng; Ollinger, Scott V.; Frolking, Steve] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Hurtt, George C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, Ctr Global Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Hollinger, David Y.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Davis, Kenneth J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Pan, Yude] USDA ARS, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Zhang, Xiaoyang] S Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Deng, Feng] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Baldocchi, Dennis D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Ecosyst Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Law, Bevery E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Arain, M. Altaf] McMaster Univ, McMaster Ctr Climate Change, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Arain, M. Altaf] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Desai, Ankur R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sun, Ge] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Amiro, Brian] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Margolis, Hank] Univ Laval, Fac Foresterie Geog & Geomat, Ctr Etude Foret, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Scott, Russell L.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Blanken, Peter D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Suyker, Andrew E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Xiao, JF (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM j.xiao@unh.edu RI Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Baldocchi, Dennis/A-1625-2009; Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009 OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Deng, Feng/0000-0002-1381-0243; Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919; Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203; FU National Science Foundation through the MacroSystems Biology Program [1065777]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the Terrestrial Ecology program [NNX10A003G, NNX11AB88G, NNX12AK56G]; Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) [NNX11AL32G]; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; BIOCAP Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Environment Canada; CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science Foundation; University of Tuscia; Universite Laval and Environment Canada; US Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through the MacroSystems Biology Program (award number 1065777) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the Terrestrial Ecology program (award numbers NNX10A003G, NNX11AB88G, and NNX12AK56G) and the Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) (award number NNX11AL32G). This work is part of the North American Carbon Program (NACP) research. We thank all AmeriFlux and Fluxnet-Canada PIs and their research personnel for making the flux observations available. The Fluxnet-Canada Research Network was funded by the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, BIOCAP Canada, Natural Resources Canada and Environment Canada. The financial support to the eddy covariance data harmonization of the La Thuile database was provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, Universite Laval and Environment Canada and US Department of Energy and the database development and technical support from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of California - Berkeley, University of Virginia. We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript. NR 88 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 197 BP 142 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.06.013 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AQ5TA UT WOS:000342870300013 ER PT J AU Pei, LS Moore, N Zhong, SY Luo, LF Hyndman, DW Heilman, WE Gao, ZQ AF Pei, Lisi Moore, Nathan Zhong, Shiyuan Luo, Lifeng Hyndman, David W. Heilman, Warren E. Gao, Zhiqiu TI WRF Model Sensitivity to Land Surface Model and Cumulus Parameterization under Short-Term Climate Extremes over the Southern Great Plains of the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID LOW-LEVEL JET; WARM-SEASON PRECIPITATION; AMERICAN REGIONAL REANALYSIS; BOUNDARY-LAYER PROPERTIES; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; US PRECIPITATION; SUMMERTIME PRECIPITATION; INTERANNUAL VARIATION; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ENERGY-BALANCE AB Extreme weather and climate events, especially short-term excessive drought and wet periods over agricultural areas, have received increased attention. The Southern Great Plains (SGP) is one of the largest agricultural regions in North America and features the underlying Ogallala-High Plains Aquifer system worth great economic value in large part due to production gains from groundwater. Climate research over the SGP is needed to better understand complex coupled climate hydrology socioeconomic interactions critical to the sustainability of this region, especially under extreme climate scenarios. Here the authors studied growing-season extreme conditions using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The six most extreme recent years, both wet and dry, were simulated to investigate the impacts of land surface model and cumulus parameterization on the simulated hydroclimate. The results show that under short-term climate extremes, the land surface model plays a more important role modulating the land atmosphere water budget, and thus the entire regional climate, than the cumulus parameterization under current model configurations. Between the two land surface models tested, the more sophisticated land surface model produced significantly larger wet bias in large part due to overestimation of moisture flux convergence, which is attributed mainly to an overestimation of the surface evapotranspiration during the simulated period. The deficiencies of the cumulus parameterizations resulted in the model's inability to depict the diurnal rainfall variability. Both land surface processes and cumulus parameterizations remain the most challenging parts of regional climate modeling under extreme climates over the SGP, with the former strongly affecting the precipitation amount and the latter strongly affecting the precipitation pattern. C1 [Pei, Lisi; Gao, Zhiqiu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Pei, Lisi] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Pei, Lisi; Moore, Nathan; Zhong, Shiyuan; Luo, Lifeng] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pei, Lisi; Moore, Nathan; Zhong, Shiyuan; Luo, Lifeng] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Global Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hyndman, David W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Heilman, Warren E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Lansing, MI USA. RP Zhong, SY (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, 673 Auditorium Rd,Rm 116, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM zhongs@msu.edu RI Wang, ZF/D-7202-2012; Hyndman, David/G-1576-2010 OI Wang, ZF/0000-0002-7062-6012; FU U.S. National Science Foundation [1039180]; U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station [11-JV-11242306-065]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05110101] FX This research was supported partially by the U.S. National Science Foundation (CR-Water Sustainability and Climate 1039180), the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station (Research Joint Venture Agreement 11-JV-11242306-065), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Strategic Priority Research Program Grant XDA05110101). The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the sponsoring agencies. We thank Anthony D. Kendall, Xindi Bian, and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. We also acknowledge the Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research of Michigan State University for the computational resources, especially for the assistance from Dr. Benjamin Ong, and the visualization support from the NCAR Command Language (2012). NR 103 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 27 IS 20 BP 7703 EP 7724 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00015.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AQ5YB UT WOS:000342883400010 ER PT J AU Kane, JM Kolb, TE McMillin, JD AF Kane, Jeffrey M. Kolb, Thomas E. McMillin, Joel D. TI Stand-scale tree mortality factors differ by site and species following drought in southwestern mixed conifer forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Abies concolor; Drought; Pinus flexilis; Populus tremuloides; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tree death ID DOUGLAS-FIR BEETLE; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; POPULUS-TREMULOIDES; NORTHERN ARIZONA; DIE-OFF; DWARF MISTLETOE; ASPEN FORESTS; NATIONAL-PARK; GRAND-CANYON AB Impacts of drought on tree mortality in high-elevation mixed-conifer forests of southwestern U.S. are poorly understood. A recent extended and severe drought in the region provided an opportunity to investigate the patterns and factors associated with tree mortality in this forest type. Specifically, we quantified mortality that occurred between 1995 and 2008 of four tree species, white fir (Abies concolor), limber pine (Pinus flexilis), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), in mixed-conifer forests over three sites in northern Arizona within 84, 0.02 ha plots. We found: (1) varied but substantial tree mortality (4-56% by basal area) in most species between 1996 and 2006 in association with recent severe and prolonged drought; (2) tree mortality differed among sites and species with aspen and white fir having the most mortality (>30% by basal area); (3) relationships between tree mortality and most climatic factors (e.g. temperature, precipitation, Palmer Drought Severity Index) were lagged 1-4 yr; (4) bark beetle attack and intraspecific tree basal area were consistently and positively related to tree mortality for most species and sites, whereas topographic and other stand characteristics were less consistently related to mortality. Results show that aspen, Douglas-fir, and white fir were more vulnerable to recent drought-associated mortality than limber pine. Associations between tree mortality and intraspecific basal area support further evaluation of treatments that reduce intraspecific competition within stands to lower risks of tree mortality in southwestern mixed conifer forests. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kane, Jeffrey M.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Kolb, Thomas E.] Univ Arizona, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [McMillin, Joel D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP Kane, JM (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM jkane@humboldt.edu FU Science Foundation of Arizona Fellowship; McIntire-Stennis grant; Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Program; Kay and Irene Haffen FX We thank the many people who provided field and lab assistance over the course of the study: B. Dechant, D. Carlson, D. Kennedy, M. McKinney, A. Coble, M. Gaylord, C. Erikson, and C. West. We received helpful editorial and analysis comments from J. Berrill, M. DeSilva, S. Eyes, G. Koch, A. Livingston, P. van Mantgem, K. Waring and three anonymous reviewers on earlier drafts. A Science Foundation of Arizona Fellowship and a McIntire-Stennis grant to the School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University funded this research, with supplemental support provided by scholarships from Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Program and by Kay and Irene Haffen. NR 89 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 330 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.042 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7FZ UT WOS:000342244500018 ER PT J AU Azuma, DL Eskelson, BNI Thompson, JL AF Azuma, David L. Eskelson, Bianca N. I. Thompson, Joel L. TI Effects of rural residential development on forest communities in Oregon and Washington, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest structure; Development metrics; Land use change; Forest inventory and analysis ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; UNITED-STATES; EXURBAN DEVELOPMENT; POPULATION-GROWTH; TIMBER; ROADS; FRAGMENTATION; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; COLORADO AB Rural residential development in forests of Oregon and Washington continues to be a key driver of land use change. This type of development can have a variety of effects on the goods and services forests provide to the region. We used structure density from photo-interpreted points around forest inventory and analysis plots to examine differences in forest attributes with respect to varying development metrics. Our results demonstrate that forest ownership (public vs. private), structure density, and proximity of development are critical factors in explaining variation in forest attributes. Small-scale fragmentation, standing dead tree volume, coarse woody debris, and the propensity for introduced species are all affected by development close to the borders of public land. Differences in coarse woody debris, small-scale fragmentation, and propensity for introduced species are also affected by the density and proximity of development on private ownership. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Azuma, David L.; Thompson, Joel L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Eskelson, Bianca N. I.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Resources & Management, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP Eskelson, BNI (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Resources & Management, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM dazuma@fs.fed.us; bianca.eskelson@ubc.ca; joelthompson@fs.fed.us RI Eskelson, Bianca/P-6095-2016 OI Eskelson, Bianca/0000-0002-3398-2333 NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 330 BP 183 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.018 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7FZ UT WOS:000342244500019 ER PT J AU Cowden, MM Hart, JL Schweitzer, CJ Dey, DC AF Cowden, Merrit M. Hart, Justin L. Schweitzer, Callie J. Dey, Daniel C. TI Effects of intermediate-scale wind disturbance on composition, structure, and succession in Quercus stands: Implications for natural disturbance-based silviculture SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Light regime; Quercus (oak); Species diversity; Succession; Wind disturbance ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SECONDARY HARDWOOD STANDS; CENTRAL NEW-ENGLAND; LAND-USE HISTORY; CUMBERLAND PLATEAU; TROPICAL FORESTS; OAK FORESTS; HEMISPHERICAL PHOTOGRAPHY; ACCELERATED SUCCESSION; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS AB Forest disturbances are discrete events in space and time that disrupt the biophysical environment and impart lasting legacies on forest composition and structure. Disturbances are often classified along a gradient of spatial extent and magnitude that ranges from catastrophic events where most of the overstory is removed to gap-scale events that modify local environmental conditions only. Without question, a paucity of data is available on disturbance events of the intermediate scale (i.e. those events too localized to be classed as catastrophic and too widespread to be considered gap scale). The specific objectives of this study were to quantify and compare canopy structure, understory light regimes, woody species composition, and tree species diversity along a gradient of canopy disturbance caused by an EF1 tornado and to analyze the influence of intermediate-scale disturbance on the successional trajectory of an upland Quercus forest. Statistically significant differences in diversity measures between control (no storm damage), light, or moderate damage class plots were only found in the sapling layer. We documented significant differences (P < 0.01) in percent of intercepted PAR between the control and moderate damage classes and between moderate and light classes. Three growing seasons post-disturbance, the understory light regime had largely returned to pre-disturbance conditions. The disturbance event acted primarily as a release mechanism for advanced reproduction in the understory and for stems in the midstory. Our results provide quantitative information on disturbances of this extent and magnitude and can be used to guide silvicultural systems designed to emulate natural disturbance processes, which is an increasingly popular management approach especially on public lands. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cowden, Merrit M.; Hart, Justin L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Schweitzer, Callie J.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. [Dey, Daniel C.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Hart, JL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM hart013@ua.edu RI Hart, Justin/B-2535-2010 OI Hart, Justin/0000-0001-6580-0189 FU Northern Research Station; USDA Forest Service; University of Alabama FX This research was funded as a Joint Venture Agreement between the Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service and the University of Alabama. We thank Stephen White, Tom. Weber, Jared Myers, Lauren Cox, and Jennifer Davidson for assistance in the field, the Bankhead National Forest staff for logistical support, and Michael Steinberg and anonymous reviewers for comments on a prior draft of the manuscript. NR 88 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 330 BP 240 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.003 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7FZ UT WOS:000342244500024 ER PT J AU Swetnam, TL Falk, DA Lynch, AM Yool, SR AF Swetnam, Tyson L. Falk, Donald A. Lynch, Ann M. Yool, Stephen R. TI Estimating individual tree mid- and understory rank-size distributions from airborne laser scanning in semi-arid forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ALS; Allometry; Scaling; Tapered Pareto distribution; Understory; Local maximum ID GENERAL QUANTITATIVE THEORY; SANTA CATALINA MOUNTAINS; VARIABLE WINDOW SIZE; SELF-THINNING RULE; FORM LIDAR DATA; SINGLE-TREE; FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS; PARETO DISTRIBUTIONS; STEM VOLUME; DENSITY AB Limitations inherent to airborne laser scanning (ALS) technology and the complex sorting and packing relationships of forests complicate accurate remote sensing of mid- and understory trees, especially in denser forest stands. Self-similarities in rank-sized individual tree distributions (ITD), e.g. bole diameter or height, are a well-understood property of natural, non-plantation, forests undergoing density dependent self-thinning and thus offer an approach to solving this problem. Alternately, semi-arid conifer forests of the southwestern USA that experience episodic wildfires and herbivory tend to exist as open stands compared to forests where disturbances are less common. We found the ITD for semi-arid forest plots with ALS-estimated canopy cover < 50% had a low rate of omission error for mid- and understory ALS trees making distribution fitting of the mid- and understory ITD unnecessary. In dense semi-arid forest plots (>50% canopy cover) the ITD correlated significantly with a tapered Pareto distribution, a power law probability distribution that is not heavy right-tailed. Two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests confirmed that observed vs. ALS-estimated overstoiy ITD parameters were not significantly different regardless of canopy cover. Therefore an overstory ITD derived from ALS is sufficient for fitting a continuous distribution function to estimate the ITD of the forest understory when the scale parameter is established a priori. Foresters and ecologists interested in measuring and modeling stand dynamics from ALS can use this approach to correct for stand density effects when developing ALS-derived single-tree inventories. Canopy cover can be used as a proxy for stand density when developing a combined ITD with area-based approaches for estimating understory in semi-arid forests. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Swetnam, Tyson L.; Falk, Donald A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Lynch, Ann M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Tucson, AZ USA. [Yool, Stephen R.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Swetnam, TL (reprint author), 1311 East Fourth St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM tswetnam@email.arizona.edu FU U.S. Forest Service, Coronado National Forest, Pinaleno Ecosystem Restoration Project; University of Arizona; Nature Conservancy; SCM-JRB-CZO (NSF) [0724958]; U.S. Forest Service, Coronado N.F. FX We thank Christopher 'Kit' O'Connor and Craig Wilcox for providing the data for the Pinaleno. We also thank the several anonymous reviewers and the editor for their suggestions, which significantly improved the manuscript. The Pinaleno LiDAR Project was funded by the U.S. Forest Service, Coronado National Forest, Pinaleno Ecosystem Restoration Project; The University of Arizona; and the Nature Conservancy. The Valles Caldera LiDAR project was funded by the SCM-JRB-CZO (NSF Award#0724958). Additional support was provided by the U.S. Forest Service, Coronado N.F. A final thanks to Sherry Tune, USFS, for her vision and belief in the greatest good. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 330 BP 271 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.011 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7FZ UT WOS:000342244500027 ER PT J AU Cannon, JB O'Brien, JJ Loudermilk, EL Dickinson, MB Peterson, CJ AF Cannon, Jeffery B. O'Brien, Joseph J. Loudermilk, E. Louise Dickinson, Matthew B. Peterson, Chris J. TI The influence of experimental wind disturbance on forest fuels and fire characteristics SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Wind disturbance; Fire behavior; Fire combustion characteristics; Fuel arrangement; Disturbance interactions ID NORTHEASTERN YUCATAN PENINSULA; FINE-SCALE VARIATION; HURRICANE DISTURBANCE; CATASTROPHIC WIND; WOODY DETRITUS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PINE FORESTS; INTENSITY; DAMAGE; REGENERATION AB Current theory in disturbance ecology predicts that extreme disturbances in rapid succession can lead to dramatic changes in species composition or ecosystem processes due to interactions among disturbances. However, the extent to which less catastrophic, yet chronic, disturbances such as wind damage and fire interact is not well studied. In this study, we simulated wind-caused gaps in a Pinus taeda forest in the Piedmont of north-central Georgia using static winching of trees to examine how wind damage may alter fuel characteristics and the behavior of subsequent prescribed fire. We found that experimental wind disturbance increased levels of fine and coarse woody fuels (but not leaf litter), increased spatial heterogeneity of fuels, and led to more complete consumption of leaf litter. These patterns led to changes in fire combustion characteristics in experimental gap plots within areas of downed tree crowns where we observed a large increase in fire radiative flux density (kW m(-2)) and its time integral, fire radiative energy density (MJ m(-2)). These results suggest that wind disturbance may interact with fire not only through addition of fuel, but also through more subtle changes in fuel composition, consumption, and arrangement. More broadly, this study shows that disturbances can influence one another via a variety of mechanisms not all of which are immediately obvious. Understanding disturbance interactions can allow forest managers to make more informed decisions about how wind disturbance influences fuel heterogeneity, and how management processes, such as prescribed fire can interact with other prior wind disturbances to interactively shape plant communities. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cannon, Jeffery B.; Peterson, Chris J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [O'Brien, Joseph J.; Loudermilk, E. Louise] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dickinson, Matthew B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Cannon, JB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, 2502 Plant Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jbcannon.pubs@gmail.com OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU University of Georgia Plant Biology Department; UGA Plant Biology Graduate Student Association; Sigma Xi Research Society; National Science Foundation [DEB-1143511, AGS-1141926]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [RC-2243] FX The authors would like to thank Carl Schmidt and the staff of the Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge for allowing us to conduct this research, for their advice and support, and for managing the experimental burn. We would like to thank all volunteers who assisted with the experimental burn including Ben Hornsby and Dexter Strothers. We thank all who participated in various components of fieldwork including M. Bailey, M. Barrett, F. Behie, P. Johnson, K. McKay, S. Khan, S. Kim, L. Snyder, and A. Stanescu. We thank Christie Stegall and Ken Forbus with the USFS for coordinating aerial photography. We also thank Dr. Robert Kremens of The Rochester Institute of Technology for providing and calibrating radiometers for this study. We thank Richard Lankau, Jeffrey Hepinstall-Cymerman, Daniel Markewitz, Marianne Cannon, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful insight that improved the study. This research was funded by grants from the University of Georgia Plant Biology Department, the UGA Plant Biology Graduate Student Association, the Sigma Xi Research Society (awarded to the first author), National Science Foundation grants DEB-1143511 and AGS-1141926 (to the third author), and Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program grant RC-2243 (to the last author). NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 330 BP 294 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.021 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7FZ UT WOS:000342244500029 ER PT J AU Mazur, M Mitchell, CPJ Eckley, CS Eggert, SL Kolka, RK Sebestyen, SD Swain, EB AF Mazur, M. Mitchell, C. P. J. Eckley, C. S. Eggert, S. L. Kolka, R. K. Sebestyen, S. D. Swain, E. B. TI Gaseous mercury fluxes from forest soils in response to forest harvesting intensity: A field manipulation experiment SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant CY 2013 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND DE Forest; Gaseous mercury emissions; Clearcut; Biomass harvesting; Mercury isotope; Solar radiation ID TERRESTRIAL BACKGROUND SURFACES; LINE INTERSECT METHOD; AIR/SURFACE EXCHANGE; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; EASTERN USA; GOLD-MINES; EMISSION; AIR; NEVADA AB Forest harvesting leads to changes in soil moisture, temperature and incident solar radiation, all strong environmental drivers of soil-air mercury (Hg) fluxes. Whether different forest harvesting practices significantly alter Hg fluxes from forest soils is unknown. We conducted a field-scale experiment in a northern Minnesota deciduous forest wherein gaseous Hg emissions from the forest floor were monitored after two forest harvesting prescriptions, a traditional clear-cut and a clearcut followed by biomass harvest, and compared to an un-harvested reference plot Gaseous Hg emissions were measured in quadruplicate at four different times between March and November 2012 using Teflon dynamic flux chambers. We also applied enriched Hg isotope tracers and separately monitored their emission in triplicate at the same times as ambient measurements. Clearcut followed by biomass harvesting increased ambient Hg emissions the most. While significant intra-site spatial variability was observed, Hg emissions from the biomass harvested plot (180 +/- 170 ng m(-2) d(-1)) were significantly greater than both the traditional clearcut plot (-40 +/- 60 ng m(-2) d(-1)) and the un-harvested reference plot (-180 +/- 115 ng m(-2) d(-1)) during July. This difference was likely a result of enhanced Hg2+ photoreduction due to canopy removal and less shading from downed woody debris in the biomass harvested plot. Gaseous Hg emissions from more recently deposited Hg, as presumably representative of isotope tracer measurements, were not significantly influenced by harvesting. Most of the Hg tracer applied to the forest floor became sequestered within the ground vegetation and debris, leaf litter, and soil. We observed a dramatic lessening of tracer Hg emissions to near detection levels within 6 months. As post-clearcutting residues are increasingly used as a fuel. or fiber resource, our observations suggest that gaseous Hg emissions from forest soils will increase, although it is not yet clear for how long such an effect will persist. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mazur, M.; Mitchell, C. P. J.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. [Eckley, C. S.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Eggert, S. L.; Kolka, R. K.; Sebestyen, S. D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Swain, E. B.] Minnesota Pollut Control Agcy, St Paul, MN 55155 USA. RP Mitchell, CPJ (reprint author), Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, 1265 Mil Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. EM carl.mitchell@utoronto.ca RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013; Mitchell, Carl/A-7212-2008 OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108; Mitchell, Carl/0000-0001-8538-5138 NR 58 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 15 PY 2014 VL 496 BP 678 EP 687 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.058 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP7GK UT WOS:000342245600073 PM 24993512 ER PT J AU Sun, LY Liu, SK Wang, RJ Jiang, YL Zhang, Y Zhang, JR Bao, LS Kaltenboeck, L Dunham, R Waldbieser, G Liu, ZJ AF Sun, Luyang Liu, Shikai Wang, Ruijia Jiang, Yanliang Zhang, Yu Zhang, Jiaren Bao, Lisui Kaltenboeck, Ludmilla Dunham, Rex Waldbieser, Geoff Liu, Zhanjiang TI Identification and Analysis of Genome-Wide SNPs Provide Insight into Signatures of Selection and Domestication in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; HYPOXIA TOLERANCE; CANCER-THERAPY; SOFT SWEEPS; POPULATIONS; GENE; ADAPTATION; REVEALS; WILD; DIFFERENTIATION AB Domestication and selection for important performance traits can impact the genome, which is most often reflected by reduced heterozygosity in and surrounding genes related to traits affected by selection. In this study, analysis of the genomic impact caused by domestication and artificial selection was conducted by investigating the signatures of selection using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). A total of 8.4 million candidate SNPs were identified by using next generation sequencing. On average, the channel catfish genome harbors one SNP per 116 bp. Approximately 6.6 million, 5.3 million, 4.9 million, 7.1 million and 6.7 million SNPs were detected in the Marion, Thompson, USDA103, Hatchery strain, and wild population, respectively. The allele frequencies of 407,861 SNPs differed significantly between the domestic and wild populations. With these SNPs, 23 genomic regions with putative selective sweeps were identified that included 11 genes. Although the function for the majority of the genes remain unknown in catfish, several genes with known function related to aquaculture performance traits were included in the regions with selective sweeps. These included hypoxia-inducible factor 1 beta HIFi beta and the transporter gene ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 5 (ABCB5). HIF1 beta is important for response to hypoxia and tolerance to low oxygen levels is a critical aquaculture trait. The large numbers of SNPs identified from this study are valuable for the development of high-density SNP arrays for genetic and genomic studies of performance traits in catfish. C1 [Sun, Luyang; Liu, Shikai; Wang, Ruijia; Jiang, Yanliang; Zhang, Yu; Zhang, Jiaren; Bao, Lisui; Kaltenboeck, Ludmilla; Dunham, Rex; Liu, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Aquat Genom Unit, Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab 1, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Sun, Luyang; Liu, Shikai; Wang, Ruijia; Jiang, Yanliang; Zhang, Yu; Zhang, Jiaren; Bao, Lisui; Kaltenboeck, Ludmilla; Dunham, Rex; Liu, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Program Cell & Mol Biosci, Auburn, AL USA. [Waldbieser, Geoff] USDA ARS, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Aquat Genom Unit, Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab 1, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM liuzhan@auburn.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive [2010-65205-20356, 2012-67015-19410]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA); China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-65205-20356 and 2012-67015-19410 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). L. Sun was supported by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council (CSC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 14 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109666 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109666 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR5ZW UT WOS:000343662500066 PM 25313648 ER PT J AU Tan, JZ Applegate, TJ Liu, SS Guo, YM Eicher, SD AF Tan, Jianzhuang Applegate, Todd J. Liu, Shasha Guo, Yuming Eicher, Susan D. TI Supplemental dietary L-arginine attenuates intestinal mucosal disruption during a coccidial vaccine challenge in broiler chickens SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE L-Arginine; Immune system; Toll-like receptor 4; Mechanistic target of rapamycin ID EIMERIA-ACERVULINA INFECTION; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; DOUBLE-EDGED-SWORD; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; NECROTIC ENTERITIS; MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; MAXIMA INFECTION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BARRIER FUNCTION AB The present study investigated the effects of dietary arginine (Arg) supplementation on intestinal structure and functionality in broiler chickens subjected to coccidial challenge. The present study was a randomised complete block design employing a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement (n 8) with three dietary concentrations of Arg (11.1, 13.3 and 20.2 g/kg) with or without coccidial vaccine challenge (unchallenged and coccidial challenge). On day 14, birds were orally administered with coccidial vaccine or saline. On day 21, birds were killed to obtain jejunal tissue and mucosal samples for histological, gene expression and mucosal immunity measurements. Within 7 d of the challenge, there was a decrease in body-weight gain and feed intake, and an increase in the feed: gain ratio (P < 0.05). Jejunal inflammation was evidenced by villus damage, crypt dilation and goblet cell depletion. Coccidial challenge increased mucosal secretory IgA concentration and inflammatory gene (iNOS, IL-1b, IL-8 and MyD88) mRNA expression levels (P < 0.05), as well as reduced jejunal Mucin-2, IgA and IL-1RI mRNA expression levels (P < 0.05). Increasing Arg concentration (1) increased jejunal villus height (P < 0.05) and linearly increased jejunal crypt depth (P < 0.05); (2) quadratically increased mucosal maltase activity (P < 0.05) and linearly decreased mucosal secretory IgG concentration (P < 0.05) within the coccidiosis-challenged groups; and (3) linearly decreased jejunal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA expression level (P < 0.05) within the coccidiosis-challenged groups. The mRNA expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 pathway genes (mTOR and RPS6KB1) and the anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2 quadratically responded to increasing dietary Arg supplementation (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary Arg supplementation attenuates intestinal mucosal disruption in coccidiosis-challenged chickens probably through suppressing TLR4 and activating mTOR complex 1 pathways. British Journal of Nutrition C1 [Tan, Jianzhuang; Liu, Shasha; Guo, Yuming] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Tan, Jianzhuang; Applegate, Todd J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Eicher, Susan D.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. RP Applegate, TJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM applegt@purdue.edu OI Applegate, Todd/0000-0002-2406-5058 FU China Scholarship Council FX The present study was partially supported by China Scholarship Council. The funder had no role in the design and analysis of the study and in the writing of this article. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity employer. NR 81 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 56 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD OCT 14 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 BP 1098 EP 1109 DI 10.1017/S0007114514001846 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AR0CA UT WOS:000343231000007 PM 25181320 ER PT J AU Ali, A Rexroad, CE Thorgaard, GH Yao, JB Salem, M AF Ali, Ali Rexroad, Caird E. Thorgaard, Gary H. Yao, Jianbo Salem, Mohamed TI Characterization of the rainbow trout spleen transcriptome and identification of immune-related genes SO FRONTIERS IN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MICROARRAY; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; GENOMICS RESEARCH; DOUBLED HAPLOIDS; LINKAGE MAP AB Resistance against diseases affects profitability of rainbow trout. Limited information is available about functions and mechanisms of teleost immune pathways. Immunogenomics provides powerful tools to determine disease resistance genes/gene pathways and develop genetic markers for genomic selection. RNA-Seq sequencing of the rainbow trout spleen yielded 93,532,200 reads (100bp). High quality reads were assembled into 43,047 contigs. 26,333 (61.17%) of the contigs had hits to the NR protein data base and 7024 (16.32%) had hits to the KEGG database. Gene ontology showed significant percentages of transcripts assigned to binding (51%), signaling (7%), response to stimuli (9%) and receptor activity (4%) suggesting existence of many immune-related genes. KEGG annotation revealed 2825 sequences belonging to "organismal systems" with the highest number of sequences, 842 (29.81%), assigned to immune system. A number of sequences were identified for the first time in rainbow trout belonging to Toll-like receptor signaling (35), B cell receptor signaling pathway (44), T cell receptor signaling pathway (56), chemokine signaling pathway (73), Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis (52), leukocyte transendothelial migration (60) and NK cell mediated cytotoxicity (42). In addition, 51 transcripts were identified as spleen-specific genes. The list includes 277 full-length cDNAs. The presence of a large number of immune-related genes and pathways similar to other vertebrates suggests that innate and adaptive immunity in fish are conserved. This study provides deep-sequence data of rainbow trout spleen transcriptome and identifies many new immune-related genes and full-length cDNAs. This data will help identify allelic variations suitable for genomic selection and genetic manipulation in aquaculture. C1 [Ali, Ali; Salem, Mohamed] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol, Murfreesboro, TN 37130 USA. [Ali, Ali] Benha Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Banha, Egypt. [Rexroad, Caird E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Leetown, WV USA. [Thorgaard, Gary H.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yao, Jianbo; Salem, Mohamed] W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Salem, M (reprint author), Dept Biol, Box 60,2055 SCI,1500 Greenland Dr, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. EM mohamed.salem@mtsu.edu NR 114 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 13 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-8021 J9 FRONT GENET JI Front. Genet. PD OCT 14 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 348 DI 10.3389/fgene.2014.00348 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AY9PS UT WOS:000347883600001 PM 25352861 ER PT J AU Huang, YZ Sun, JJ Zhang, LZ Li, CJ Womack, JE Li, ZJ Lan, XY Lei, CZ Zhang, CL Zhao, X Chen, H AF Huang, Yong-Zhen Sun, Jia-Jie Zhang, Liang-Zhi Li, Cong-Jun Womack, James E. Li, Zhuan-Jian Lan, Xian-Yong Lei, Chu-Zhao Zhang, Chun-Lei Zhao, Xin Chen, Hong TI Genome-wide DNA Methylation Profiles and Their Relationships with mRNA and the microRNA Transcriptome in Bovine Muscle Tissue (Bos taurine) SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GENE-EXPRESSION; EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS; SATELLITE CELL; CPG-ISLANDS; CANCER; DIFFERENTIATION; RESOLUTION; GROWTH; ARABIDOPSIS AB DNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification in mammals and plays important roles in muscle development. We sampled longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) from a well-known elite native breed of Chinese Qinchuan cattle living within the same environment but displaying distinct skeletal muscle at the fetal and adult stages. We generated and provided a genome-wide landscape of DNA methylomes and their relationship with mRNA and miRNA for fetal and adult muscle studies. Integration analysis revealed a total of 77 and 1,054 negatively correlated genes with methylation in the promoter and gene body regions, respectively, in both the fetal and adult bovine libraries. Furthermore, we identified expression patterns of high-read genes that exhibit a negative correlation between methylation and expression from nine different tissues at multiple developmental stages of bovine muscle-related tissue or organs. In addition, we validated the MeDIP-Seq results by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) in some of the differentially methylated promoters. Together, these results provide valuable data for future biomedical research and genomic and epigenomic studies of bovine skeletal muscle that may help uncover the molecular basis underlying economically valuable traits in cattle. This comprehensive map also provides a solid basis for exploring the epigenetic mechanisms of muscle growth and development. C1 [Huang, Yong-Zhen; Sun, Jia-Jie; Zhang, Liang-Zhi; Li, Zhuan-Jian; Lan, Xian-Yong; Lei, Chu-Zhao; Zhao, Xin; Chen, Hong] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Shaanxi Key Lab Mol Biol Agr, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Cong-Jun] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Womack, James E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX USA. [Zhang, Chun-Lei] Jiangsu Normal Univ, Inst Biol Mol & Cellulaire, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Shaanxi Key Lab Mol Biol Agr, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM chenhong1212@263.net FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272408, 30972080]; Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Projects of Shaanxi Province [2012NKC01-13]; Program of National Beef Cattle and Yak Industrial Technology System [CARS-38]; National 863 Program of China [2013AA102505] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31272408 and 30972080), Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Projects of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2012NKC01-13), Program of National Beef Cattle and Yak Industrial Technology System (Grant No. CARS-38) and National 863 Program of China (Grant No. 2013AA102505). We thank Dr. Hua He (College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China) and Dr. Jian-Min Su (College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China) for data analysis and valuable comments to this manuscript. NR 105 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 47 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 13 PY 2014 VL 4 BP 1 EP 17 AR 6546 DI 10.1038/srep06546 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ8NR UT WOS:000343083500001 PM 25306978 ER PT J AU Lin, AHM Ao, ZH Quezada-Calvillo, R Nichols, BL Lin, CT Hamaker, BR AF Lin, Amy Hui-Mei Ao, Zihua Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto Nichols, Buford L. Lin, Chi-Tien Hamaker, Bruce R. TI Branch pattern of starch internal structure influences the glucogenesis by mucosal Nt-maltase-glucoamylase SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Maltase-glucoamylase; Starch branch; alpha-1 -> 6 linkage; Glycemia; Starch digestibility; Mucosal alpha-glucosidase ID SUCRASE-ISOMALTASE; ALPHA-AMYLASE; RESISTANT STARCH; SUBSTRATE BRAKE; CHAIN-LENGTH; DIGESTION; DEGRADATION; SPECIFICITY; HYDROLYSIS; SALIVARY AB To produce sufficient amounts of glucose from food starch, both alpha-amylase and mucosal alpha-glucosidases are required. We found previously that the digestion rate of starch is influenced by its susceptibility to mucosal alpha-glucosidases. In the present study, six starches and one glycogen were pre-hydrolyzed by alpha-amylase for various time periods, and then further hydrolyzed with the mucosal alpha-glucosidase, the N-terminal subunit of maltase-glucoamylase (Nt-MGAM), to generate free glucose. Results showed that alpha-amylase amplified the Nt-MGAM glucogenesis, and that the amplifications differed in various substrates. The amount of branches within alpha-amylase hydrolysate substrates was highly related to the rate of Nt-MGAM glucogenesis. After de-branching, the hydrolysates showed three fractions, Fraction 1, 2, and 3, in size exclusion chromatographs. We found that the alpha-amylase hydrolysates with higher quantity of the Fraction 3 (molecules with relatively short chain-length) and shorter average chain-length of this fraction had lower rates of Nt-MGAM glucogenesis. This study revealed that the branch pattern of alpha-amylase hydrolysates modulates glucose release by Nt-MGAM. It further supported the hypothesis that the internal structure of starch affects its digestibility at the mucosal alpha-glucosidase level. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lin, Amy Hui-Mei; Ao, Zihua; Hamaker, Bruce R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, Whistler Ctr Carbohydrate Res, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Nichols, Buford L.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Nichols, Buford L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lin, Chi-Tien] Providence Univ, Dept Financial & Computat Math, Taichung 436, Taiwan. RP Lin, AHM (reprint author), 745 Agr Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM amylin@purdue.edu; zihua.ao@mjn.com; rqc@uaslp.mx; blnjr@sbcglobal.net; ctlin@pu.edu.tw; hamakerb@purdue.edu FU Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research at Purdue University (West Lafayette, IN, USA); United States Department of Agriculture [58-6250-1-003] FX We thank L. Sim (Univ. of Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and D. Rose (Waterloo Univ., Ontario, Canada) for providing purified recombinant human Nt-MGAM, and A. Terekhov (Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue Univ., W. Lafayette, IN, USA) for helping with NMR analysis. We appreciate the discussions with E. Bertoft (Finland), J. Robyt (Iowa State University, Ames, IA) and P. Butterworth (King's College London, London, UK). We thank H. Patel (King's College London) for assistance in processing kinetic plots and C.H. Lee (Indiana Univ. Indianapolis, IN, USA) for the help of editing the manuscript. This study was part of a Focus Group-generated Project supported internally by the Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research at Purdue University (West Lafayette, IN, USA) and has been funded in part by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Agreement 58-6250-1-003 (to B. L. N.). NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD OCT 13 PY 2014 VL 111 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.027 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AN0VM UT WOS:000340302100005 PM 25037326 ER PT J AU Sousa, AMM Souza, HKS Latona, N Liu, CK Goncalves, MP Liu, LS AF Sousa, Ana M. M. Souza, Hileia K. S. Latona, Nicholas Liu, Cheng-Kung Goncalves, Maria P. Liu, LinShu TI Choline chloride based ionic liquid analogues as tool for the fabrication of agar films with improved mechanical properties SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Agar; DES; Plasticizer; Mechanical properties; Water resistance; Contact angle ID DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS; EDIBLE FILMS; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; SORPTION ISOTHERMS; COMPOSITE FILMS; GELATIN FILMS; CONTACT-ANGLE; STARCH; WATER; EXTRACTION AB In the present paper, we test the suitability of ChCl/urea (DES-U) and ChCl/glycerol (DES-G) eutectic mixtures, each one prepared at 1:2 molar ratio, for the production of agar films. A three-step process is proposed: pre-solubilization of polymer in DES followed by compression-molding and subsequent drying. The mechanical properties, water resistance and microstructure of the films were evaluated at different polymer concentrations (i.e. 2-6%, w/w). DES-U showed by far, the best film forming ability. Agreeing with the diffusion and SEM data, films with the best mechanical properties were found at the lowest and highest agar concentrations (tensile strengths of 24.2-42 MPa and elongations of 15.4-38.9%). The water sorption and contact angle studies suggested increased hydrophilicity for the film containing the lowest concentration of agar. The use of choline chloride based ionic liquid analogues as solvent and plasticizer might be a promising tool for the development of new non-aqueous materials based on seaweed polysaccharides. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sousa, Ana M. M.; Souza, Hileia K. S.; Goncalves, Maria P.] Univ Porto, REQU1MTE, Fac Engn, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. [Sousa, Ana M. M.; Latona, Nicholas; Liu, Cheng-Kung; Liu, LinShu] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liu, LS (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM LinShu.liu@ars.usda.gov RI Goncalves, Maria/D-4641-2013; Souza, Hileia/D-4739-2013 OI Goncalves, Maria/0000-0002-8873-4097; Souza, Hileia/0000-0003-2619-6892 FU European Union; FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal) [Pest-C/EQB/LA0006/2013]; FCT [SFRH/BD/64315/2009] FX This work received financial support from the European Union (FEDER funds through COMPETE) and FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal) through project Pest-C/EQB/LA0006/2013. FCT is also truly acknowledged for the concession of A.M.M. Sousa's PhD grant (SFRH/BD/64315/2009). To all financing sources the authors are greatly indebted. Joseph Uknalis (USDA, ARS, Wyndmoor, PA) is also acknowledged for SEM analyses. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 9 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD OCT 13 PY 2014 VL 111 BP 206 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.019 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AN0VM UT WOS:000340302100023 PM 25037344 ER PT J AU Sivapragasam, N Thavarajah, P Ohm, JB Ohm, JB Margaret, K Thavarajah, D AF Sivapragasam, Nilushni Thavarajah, Pushparajah Ohm, Jae-Bom Ohm, Jae-Bom Margaret, Khaitsa Thavarajah, Dil TI Novel starch based nano scale enteric coatings from soybean meal for colon-specific delivery SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Soybean meal; Resistant starch; Nanoparticles; Colon-specific delivery; In vitro fermentation ID NANOPARTICLES; MICROBIOTA AB Soybean meal was used to isolate resistant starch and produce nanoparticles, which could be potential coating materials for colonic nutrient and drug deliveries. The nanoparticles were in 40 +/- 33.2 nm ranges. These nanoparticles were stable under simulated human physiological conditions. The degrees of dissolution in both stomach and intestinal conditions were less than 30%. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were less susceptible to pancreatic enzymatic digestion (20%), which was also evidenced by the co-existence of B-type crystalline pattern. In addition to the dissolution and digestion studies in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the nanoparticles were subjected to in vitro fermentation by Bifidobacterium brevis and Lactobacillus casei. Both species showed an increase in growth and activity, while producing short chain fatty acids: acetate, propionate, and butyrates in varying amounts. Overall this study clearly demonstrated a novel method that can be used for colon-specific delivery of bioactive compounds such as drugs and nutrients. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sivapragasam, Nilushni; Thavarajah, Pushparajah; Thavarajah, Dil] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Food Syst, Dept 7640, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Hard Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab,Dept 7640, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Margaret, Khaitsa] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Thavarajah, P (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Sch Food Syst, Dept 7640, IACC 372,1320 Albrecht Blvd,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM pushparajah.thavaraj@ndsu.edu NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD OCT 13 PY 2014 VL 111 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.091 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AN0VM UT WOS:000340302100031 PM 25037352 ER PT J AU Walsh, JR Sen, TZ Dickerson, JA AF Walsh, Jesse R. Sen, Taner Z. Dickerson, Julie A. TI A computational platform to maintain and migrate manual functional annotations for BioCyc databases SO BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Annotation tool; BioCyc; Pathway/Genome database; JavaCycO ID REGULATORY NETWORK AB Background: BioCyc databases are an important resource for information on biological pathways and genomic data. Such databases represent the accumulation of biological data, some of which has been manually curated from literature. An essential feature of these databases is the continuing data integration as new knowledge is discovered. As functional annotations are improved, scalable methods are needed for curators to manage annotations without detailed knowledge of the specific design of the BioCyc database. Results: We have developed CycTools, a software tool which allows curators to maintain functional annotations in a model organism database. This tool builds on existing software to improve and simplify annotation data imports of user provided data into BioCyc databases. Additionally, CycTools automatically resolves synonyms and alternate identifiers contained within the database into the appropriate internal identifiers. Conclusions: Automating steps in the manual data entry process can improve curation efforts for major biological databases. The functionality of CycTools is demonstrated by transferring GO term annotations from MaizeCyc to matching proteins in CornCyc, both maize metabolic pathway databases available at MaizeGDB, and by creating strain specific databases for metabolic engineering. C1 [Walsh, Jesse R.; Sen, Taner Z.; Dickerson, Julie A.] Iowa State Univ, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Walsh, Jesse R.; Dickerson, Julie A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Sen, Taner Z.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Sen, Taner Z.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA USA. RP Dickerson, JA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM julied@iastate.edu FU National Science Foundation [EEC-0813570] FX We thank the MaizeGDB team for sharing their insights and expertise. The MaizeGDB group also created a use case for this software and provided user feedback. The material presented here is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. EEC-0813570. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1752-0509 J9 BMC SYST BIOL JI BMC Syst. Biol. PD OCT 12 PY 2014 VL 8 AR 115 DI 10.1186/s12918-014-0115-1 PG 10 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AY4OJ UT WOS:000347557800001 PM 25304126 ER PT J AU Guerrero, FD Andreotti, R Bendele, KG Cunha, RC Miller, RJ Yeater, K de Leon, AAP AF Guerrero, Felix D. Andreotti, Renato Bendele, Kylie G. Cunha, Rodrigo C. Miller, Robert J. Yeater, Kathleen de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez TI Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus aquaporin as an effective vaccine antigen to protect against cattle tick infestations SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Cattle tick; Recombinant protein; Vaccine antigen; Aquaporin ID PICHIA-PASTORIS; RECOMBINANT VACCINE; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; DATABASE; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION; ANNULATUS; PROFILES AB Background: Vaccination as a control method against the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus has been practiced since the introduction of two products in the mid-1990s. There is a need for a vaccine that could provide effective control of R. microplus in a more consistent fashion than existing products. During our transcriptome studies of R. microplus, several gene coding regions were discovered to encode proteins with significant amino acid similarity to aquaporins. Methods: A cDNA encoding an aquaporin from the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, was isolated from transcriptomic studies conducted on gut tissues dissected from fully engorged adult female R. microplus. Results: Bioinformatic analysis indicates this aquaporin, designated RmAQP1, shows greatest amino acid similarity to the human aquaporin 7 family. Members of this family of water-conducting channels can also facilitate the transport of glycerol in addition to water. The efficacy of this aquaporin as an antigen against the cattle tick was explored in cattle vaccine trials conducted in Brazil. A cDNA encoding a significant portion of RmAQP1 was expressed as a recombinant protein in Pichia pastoris, purified under native conditions using a polyhistidine C-terminus tag and nickel affinity chromatography, emulsified with Montanide adjuvant, and cattle vaccinated intramuscularly. The recombinant protein provided 75% and 68% efficacy in two cattle pen trials conducted in Campo Grande, Brazil on groups of 6 one year old Holstein calves. Conclusion: The effectiveness of this vaccine in reducing the numbers of adult female ticks shows this aquaporin antigen holds promise as an active ingredient in cattle vaccines targeted against infestations of R. microplus. C1 [Guerrero, Felix D.; Bendele, Kylie G.; de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insect Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Andreotti, Renato; Cunha, Rodrigo C.] EMBRAPA Beef Cattle, BR-79106550 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Miller, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Yeater, Kathleen] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Area Off, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Guerrero, FD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insect Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM Felix.Guerrero@ars.usda.gov FU Embrapa Beef Cattle; CNPq; Fundect; USDA-ARS [6205-32000-031-00D] FX Embrapa Beef Cattle, CNPq, and Fundect are gratefully acknowledged for financial support. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation of endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. F.D. Guerrero, K.G. Bendele and A.A. Perez de Leon are funded by USDA-ARS appropriated project 6205-32000-031-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD OCT 12 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 475 DI 10.1186/s13071-014-0475-9 PG 12 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AX7WU UT WOS:000347123400001 PM 25306139 ER PT J AU Carvalheiro, R Boison, SA Neves, HHR Sargolzaei, M Schenkel, FS Utsunomiya, YT O'Brien, AMP Solkner, J McEwan, JC Van Tassell, CP Sonstegard, TS Garcia, JF AF Carvalheiro, Roberto Boison, Solomon A. Neves, Haroldo H. R. Sargolzaei, Mehdi Schenkel, Flavio S. Utsunomiya, Yuri T. O'Brien, Ana Maria Perez Soelkner, Johann McEwan, John C. Van Tassell, Curtis P. Sonstegard, Tad S. Fernando Garcia, Jose TI Accuracy of genotype imputation in Nelore cattle SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID DUTCH HOLSTEIN CATTLE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; GENOMIC PREDICTIONS; DENSITY GENOTYPES; DAIRY-CATTLE; SELECTION; PANELS AB Background: Genotype imputation from low-density (LD) to high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips is an important step before applying genomic selection, since denser chips tend to provide more reliable genomic predictions. Imputation methods rely partially on linkage disequilibrium between markers to infer unobserved genotypes. Bos indicus cattle (e.g. Nelore breed) are characterized, in general, by lower levels of linkage disequilibrium between genetic markers at short distances, compared to taurine breeds. Thus, it is important to evaluate the accuracy of imputation to better define which imputation method and chip are most appropriate for genomic applications in indicine breeds. Methods: Accuracy of genotype imputation in Nelore cattle was evaluated using different LD chips, imputation software and sets of animals. Twelve commercial and customized LD chips with densities ranging from 7 K to 75 K were tested. Customized LD chips were virtually designed taking into account minor allele frequency, linkage disequilibrium and distance between markers. Software programs Flmpute and BEAGLE were applied to impute genotypes. From 995 bulls and 1247 cows that were genotyped with the Illumina (R) BovineHD chip (HD), 793 sires composed the reference set, and the remaining 202 younger sires and all the cows composed two separate validation sets for which genotypes were masked except for the SNPs of the LD chip that were to be tested. Results: Imputation accuracy increased with the SNP density of the LD chip. However, the gain in accuracy with LD chips with more than 15 K SNPs was relatively small because accuracy was already high at this density. Commercial and customized LD chips with equivalent densities presented similar results. Flmpute outperformed BEAGLE for all LD chips and validation sets. Regardless of the imputation software used, accuracy tended to increase as the relatedness between imputed and reference animals increased, especially for the 7 K chip. Conclusions: If the Illumina (R) BovineHD is considered as the target chip for genomic applications in the Nelore breed, cost-effectiveness can be improved by genotyping part of the animals with a chip containing around 15 K useful SNPs and imputing their high-density missing genotypes with Flmpute. C1 [Carvalheiro, Roberto; Neves, Haroldo H. R.; Utsunomiya, Yuri T.; Fernando Garcia, Jose] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. [Boison, Solomon A.; O'Brien, Ana Maria Perez; Soelkner, Johann] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Dept Sustainable Agr Syst BOKU, Div Livestock Sci, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Neves, Haroldo H. R.] GenSys Consultores Associados S C Ltda, BR-90680000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Sargolzaei, Mehdi; Schenkel, Flavio S.] Univ Guelph, Ctr Genet Improvement Livestock, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Sargolzaei, Mehdi] Semex Alliance, Guelph, ON, Canada. [McEwan, John C.] AgResearch, Ctr Reprod & Gen, Invermay, Mosgiel, New Zealand. [Van Tassell, Curtis P.; Sonstegard, Tad S.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fernando Garcia, Jose] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Vet Aracatuba, BR-16050680 Aracatuba, SP, Brazil. RP Carvalheiro, R (reprint author), Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. EM rcar@fcav.unesp.br RI de Rezende Neves, Haroldo Henrique/F-9521-2012; McEwan, John/A-1143-2008; Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/K-5214-2013 OI McEwan, John/0000-0003-4801-6207; Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/0000-0002-6526-8337 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [560922/2010-8] FX We acknowledge the technical assistance of Guilherme Penteado Coelho Filho and Daniel Biluca and the financial support of Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), process 560922/2010-8. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by authors and the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0999-193X EI 1297-9686 J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PD OCT 10 PY 2014 VL 46 AR 69 DI 10.1186/s12711-014-0069-1 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA AS4FD UT WOS:000344227600001 PM 25927950 ER PT J AU Meza, JS Diaz-Fleischer, F Sanchez-Velasquez, LR Zepeda-Cisneros, CS Handler, AM Schetelig, MF AF Meza, Jose S. Diaz-Fleischer, Francisco Sanchez-Velasquez, Lazaro R. Silvia Zepeda-Cisneros, Cristina Handler, Alfred M. Schetelig, Marc F. TI Fitness Cost Implications of PhiC31-Mediated Site-Specific Integrations in Target-Site Strains of the Mexican Fruit Fly, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CERATITIS-CAPITATA DIPTERA; STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; MUTANT LOX SITES; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GERM-LINE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; SEXUAL COMPATIBILITY; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; TRANSGENIC STRAINS; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Site-specific recombination technologies are powerful new tools for the manipulation of genomic DNA in insects that can improve transgenesis strategies such as targeting transgene insertions, allowing transgene cassette exchange and DNA mobilization for transgene stabilization. However, understanding the fitness cost implications of these manipulations for transgenic strain applications is critical. In this study independent piggyBac-mediated attP target-sites marked with DsRed were created in several genornic positions in the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha lud ens Two of these strains, one having an autosonlal (attP_F7) and the other a Y-linked (attP_2-1V16y) integration, exhibited fitness parameters (dynamic demography and sexual competitiveness) similar to wild type flies. These strains were thus selected for targeted insertion using, for the first time in mexfly, the iahiC *ntegrase recombination system to insert an additional EGFP-marked transgene to determine its effect on host strain fitness. Fitness tests showed that the integration event in the int 2-M6y recombinant strain had no significant effect, while the int_F7 recombinant strain exhibited significantly lower fitness relative to the original attP_F7 target site host strain. These results indicate that while targeted transgene integrations can be achieved withoLit an additional fitness cost, at some genomic positions insertion of additional DNA into a previously integrated transgene can have a significant negative effect. Thus, for targeted transgene insertions fitness costs mList be evaluated both previous to and subsequent to new site-specific insertions in the target-site strain C1 [Meza, Jose S.; Silvia Zepeda-Cisneros, Cristina] SAGARPA IICA, Programa Moscafrut, Metapa De Dominguez, Chiapas, Mexico. [Meza, Jose S.; Diaz-Fleischer, Francisco; Sanchez-Velasquez, Lazaro R.] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Biotecnol & Ecol Aplicada INBIOTECA, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. [Handler, Alfred M.; Schetelig, Marc F.] USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Agr Res Serv, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. [Schetelig, Marc F.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phytopathol & Appl Zool, D-35390 Giessen, Germany. RP Schetelig, MF (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Agr Res Serv, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. EM marc.schetelig@agrar.uni-giessen.de RI Meza Hernandez, Jose Salvador/B-6203-2015; Diaz-Fleischer, Francisco/N-1275-2016 OI Diaz-Fleischer, Francisco/0000-0003-2137-6587 FU Programa Moscafrut/SAGARPA-IICA; "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)" [229669]; USDA-NIFA-Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program [2011-39211-30769]; Emmy Noether program of the German Research Foundation [SCHE 1833/1-1]; LOEWE Center for Insect Biotechnology & Bioresources (Hessen State Ministry of Higher Education, Research and the Arts) FX The authors thank the staff of "sexado genetico" sub-direction and "validacion tecnologica" of the Programa Moscafrut, SAGARPA-IICA for their invaluable technical support. This research was funded and supported by the Programa Moscafrut/SAGARPA-IICA, the "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)" (no. 229669; to JSM), the USDA-NIFA-Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program (no. 2011-39211-30769; to AMH), the Emmy Noether program of the German Research Foundation (SCHE 1833/1-1; to MFS) and the LOEWE Center for Insect Biotechnology & Bioresources (Hessen State Ministry of Higher Education, Research and the Arts; to MFS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 10 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109690 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109690 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR6ZS UT WOS:000343730400074 PM 25303238 ER PT J AU Asztalos, BF Horan, MS Horvath, KV McDermott, AY Chalasani, NP Schaefer, EJ AF Asztalos, Bela F. Horan, Michael S. Horvath, Katalin V. McDermott, Ann Y. Chalasani, Naga P. Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Obesity Associated Molecular Forms of C-Reactive Protein in Human SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; BINDING; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; INFLAMMATION; EVENTS AB Objective: To describe novel C-reactive protein (CRP) molecular forms (mf) in human plasma. Design and Methods: Five novel CRP-mfs, disctinct from the previously described native (nCRP) and modified (mCRP) C-reactive proteins, were separated from human plasma by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunodetected by western blot in subjects with or without increased BMI, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes (n = 1800). Results: Three of the five CRP-mfs were present in all samples. One, CRPmf-4, was present in a subgroup of subjects and its presence was associated with elevated body mass index (BMI). CRP-mf-5 was present in about 2% of the subjects and was not associated with any other parameters. The presence or distribution of the 5 CRP-mfs were not Ca2+-dependent. Crossed immuno-localization experiments indicated that none of the CRP-mfs were complexed with any of the lipoprotein classes or with signature proteins of the complement-factor. Moreover, the distribution of CRP-mfs were not significantly correlated with plasma CRP levels. CRP-mf-4 was significantly associated with increased BMI, but not with other parameters of the metabolic syndrome (HDL-C and triglyceride levels, and diabetes). Conclusions: We have identified five new CRP-mfs out of which CRP-mf-4 was significantly associated with obesity. We have shown that oligomerization of CRP was not calcium dependent. We hypothesize that adipose tissue produces a factor which influences the formation of CRP mf-4. CRP-mfs might be used as an obesity-associated inflammatory marker. C1 [Asztalos, Bela F.; Horan, Michael S.; Horvath, Katalin V.; McDermott, Ann Y.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Chalasani, Naga P.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Asztalos, BF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bela.asztalos@tufts.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-3K-06] FX The work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Research Service Contract 53-3K-06. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 9 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109238 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109238 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AS0AP UT WOS:000343941200043 PM 25299074 ER PT J AU Zhou, Q Liu, ZL Ning, K Wang, AH Zeng, XW Xu, J AF Zhou, Qian Liu, Z. Lewis Ning, Kang Wang, Anhui Zeng, Xiaowei Xu, Jian TI Genomic and transcriptome analyses reveal that MAPK- and phosphatidylinositol-signaling pathways mediate tolerance to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde for industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS CONVERSION; ETHANOLOGENIC YEAST; ALDEHYDE REDUCTASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; INHIBITORS; ADAPTATION; HMF; DETOXIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; PHYLOGENIES AB The industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a traditional ethanologenic agent and a promising biocatalyst for advanced biofuels production using lignocellulose mateials. Here we present the genomic background of type strain NRRL Y-12632 and its transcriptomic response to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF), a commonly encountered toxic compound liberated from lignocellulosic-biomass pretreatment, in dissecting the genomic mechanisms of yeast tolerance. Compared with the genome of laboratory model strain S288C, we identified more than 32,000 SNPs in Y-12632 with 23,000 missense and nonsense SNPs. Enriched sequence mutations occurred for genes involved in MAPK- and phosphatidylinositol (PI)-signaling pathways in strain Y-12632, with 41 and 13 genes containing non-synonymous SNPs, respectively. Many of these mutated genes displayed consistent up-regulated signature expressions in response to challenges of 30 mM HMF. Analogous single-gene deletion mutations of these genes showed significantly sensitive growth response on a synthetic medium containing 20 mM HMF. Our results suggest at least three MAPK-signaling pathways, especially for the cell-wall integrity pathway, and PI-signaling pathways to be involved in mediation of yeast tolerance against HMF in industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Higher levels of sequence variations were also observed for genes involved in purine and pyrimidine metabolism pathways. C1 [Zhou, Qian; Ning, Kang; Zeng, Xiaowei; Xu, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Qingdao Inst BioEnergy & Bioproc Technol, CAS Key Lab Biofuels, Single Cell Ctr, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Qian; Ning, Kang; Zeng, Xiaowei; Xu, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Qingdao Inst BioEnergy & Bioproc Technol, Shandong Key Lab Energy Genet, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Liu, Z. Lewis] USDA ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Wang, Anhui] China Three Gorges Univ, Coll Comp & Informat Technol, Yichang, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Liu, ZL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM zlewis.liu@ars.usda.gov; xujian@qibebt.ac.cn RI Xu, Jian/G-8430-2012; OI Xu, Jian/0000-0002-0548-8477; zhou, qian/0000-0002-1481-6014 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31401076, 61103167, 6130316]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011CB200902, 2012CB721101]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [31010103907]; Ministry of Science and Technology's high-tech (863) grant [2012AA02A707, 2014AA021502]; NIFA National Research Initiative Competitive Award [2006-35504-17359]; [NCBI: PRJNA201005] FX This work was supported by Young Investigator Program (31401076; 61103167; 6130316) from National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Basic Research Program from Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2011CB200902; 2012CB721101), International Research Collaboration Program (31010103907), International Innovation Partnership Program from Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Science and Technology's high-tech (863) grant (grant number 2012AA02A707 and 2014AA021502); and NIFA National Research Initiative Competitive Award project 2006-35504-17359 to ZLL. The Whole Genome Shotgun projects were deposited at NCBI: PRJNA201005 for NRRL Y-12632. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 9 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 6556 DI 10.1038/srep06556 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ8FS UT WOS:000343060300003 PM 25296911 ER PT J AU Sei, JJ Ochoa, AS Bishop, E Barlow, JW Golde, WT AF Sei, Janet J. Ochoa, Amanda S. Bishop, Elizabeth Barlow, John W. Golde, William T. TI Phenotypic, Ultra-Structural, and Functional Characterization of Bovine Peripheral Blood Dendritic Cell Subsets SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTERFERON-PRODUCING-CELLS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY NLDC-145; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; AFFERENT LYMPH; T-CELLS; I INTERFERON; CPG OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; CROSS-PRESENTATION AB Dendritic cells (DC) are multi-functional cells that bridge the gap between innate and adaptive immune systems. In bovine, significant information is lacking on the precise identity and role of peripheral blood DC subsets. In this study, we identify and characterize bovine peripheral blood DC subsets directly ex vivo, without further in vitro manipulation. Multi-color flow cytometric analysis revealed that three DC subsets could be identified. Bovine plasmacytoid DC were phenotypically identified by a unique pattern of cell surface protein expression including CD4, exhibited an extensive endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, efficiently internalized and degraded exogenous antigen, and were the only peripheral blood cells specialized in the production of type I IFN following activation with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. Conventional DC were identified by expression of a different pattern of cell surface proteins including CD11c, MHC class II, and CD80, among others, the display of extensive dendritic protrusions on their plasma membrane, expression of very high levels of MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules, efficient internalization and degradation of exogenous antigen, and ready production of detectable levels of TNF-alpha in response to TLR activation. Our investigations also revealed a third novel DC subset that may be a precursor of conventional DC that were MHC class II+ and CD11c(-). These cells exhibited a smooth plasma membrane with a rounded nucleus, produced TNF-alpha in response to TLR-activation (albeit lower than CD11C(+) DC), and were the least efficient in internalization/degradation of exogenous antigen. These studies define three bovine blood DC subsets with distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics which can be analyzed during immune responses to pathogens and vaccinations of cattle. C1 [Sei, Janet J.; Bishop, Elizabeth; Golde, William T.] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Sei, Janet J.; Ochoa, Amanda S.; Barlow, John W.] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Golde, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM william.golde@ars.usda.gov RI Barlow, John/C-4876-2013 OI Barlow, John/0000-0002-7815-9383 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service [CRIS 1940-32000-057-00D]; National Science Foundation under the BREAD program [0965346] FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service under CRIS 1940-32000-057-00D (WTG). This work was also funded in part by the National Science Foundation grant #0965346, under the BREAD program (JWB, WTG). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 8 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109273 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109273 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AT8TE UT WOS:000345204000056 PM 25295753 ER PT J AU Wallace, RM Gilbert, A Slate, D Chipman, R Singh, A Wedd, C Blanton, JD AF Wallace, Ryan M. Gilbert, Amy Slate, Dennis Chipman, Richard Singh, Amber Wedd, Cassie Blanton, Jesse D. TI Right Place, Wrong Species: A 20-Year Review of Rabies Virus Cross Species Transmission among Terrestrial Mammals in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; SKUNKS MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS; DENSITY; HOST; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; INJURIES; DYNAMICS; COYOTES; DISEASE AB Introduction: In the continental US, four terrestrial mammalian species are reservoirs for seven antigenic rabies virus variants. Cross species transmission (CST) occurs when a rabies virus variant causes disease in non-reservoir species. Methods: This study analyzed national surveillance data for rabies in terrestrial mammals. The CST rate was defined as: number of rabid non-reservoir animals/number of rabid reservoir animals. CST rates were analyzed for trend. Clusters of high CST rate counties were evaluated using space-time scanning statistics. Results: The number of counties reporting a raccoon variant CST rate >1.0 increased from 75 in 1992 to 187 in 2011; counties with skunk variant CST rates >1.0 remained unchanged during the same period. As of 2011, for every rabid raccoon reported within the raccoon variant region, there were 0.73 cases of this variant reported in non-reservoir animals. Skunks were the most common non-reservoir animal reported with the raccoon rabies variant. Domestic animals were the most common non-reservoir animal diagnosed with a skunk rabies virus variant (n = 1,601). Cross species transmission rates increased fastest among domestic animals. Conclusions: Cross species transmission of rabies virus variants into non-reservoir animals increases the risk of human exposures and threatens current advances toward rabies control. Cross species transmission in raccoon rabies enzootic regions increased dramatically during the study period. Pet owners should vaccinate their dogs and cats to ensure against CST, particularly in regions with active foci of rabies circulation. Clusters of high CST activity represent areas for further study to better understand interspecies disease transmission dynamics. Each CST event has the potential to result in a rabies virus adapted for sustained transmission in a new species; therefore further understanding of the dynamics of CST may help in early detection or prevention of the emergence of new terrestrial rabies virus variants. C1 [Wallace, Ryan M.; Singh, Amber; Wedd, Cassie; Blanton, Jesse D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gilbert, Amy] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Slate, Dennis; Chipman, Richard] USDA, Wildlife Serv, Concord, NH USA. RP Wallace, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM euk5@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 44 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 8 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e107539 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0107539 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AT8TE UT WOS:000345204000007 PM 25295750 ER PT J AU Davidson, RK Kutz, SJ Madslien, K Hoberg, E Handeland, K AF Davidson, Rebecca K. Kutz, Susan J. Madslien, Knut Hoberg, Eric Handeland, Kjell TI Gastrointestinal parasites in an isolated Norwegian population of wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) SO ACTA VETERINARIA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article DE Abomasum; Caecum; Diversity; Cervus elaphus; Ostertagia; Red deer; small intestine; Spiculopteragia ID ABOMASAL NEMATODES; HOST-SPECIFICITY; REINDEER; SYSTEMATICS; RUMINANTS; DYNAMICS; SPAIN AB Background: Thirteen red deer (Cervus elaphus), culled from the isolated population at the Mongstad Oil Refinery, Norway, were investigated for gastrointestinal helminths. These animals, enclosed by the refinery fence, do not have contact with other ruminants and have a high population density considering the available browsing area (1 km(2)) within the refinery site (3 km(2)). The population was estimated to be 110-130 at the time of culling. Results: The helminth fauna among these sampled red deer was enumerated and species were identified based on morphology. Ostertagia leptospicularis/O. kolchida was detected in 83% [CI 55 - 95%], Spiculopteragia spiculoptera/S. mathevossiani in 92% [CI 65 - 99%] and Trichostrongylus axei in 42%, [CI 19 - 68%] of the abomasa examined. Characterisation of the intestinal parasite fauna revealed Capillaria bovis, Cooperia oncophora, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris globulosa and tapeworm fragments (presumed anoplocephalids) in seven individuals. Only one calf had an infection with more than one intestinal helminth (tapeworm fragment and Trichuris globulosa). The remaining six deer had single species intestinal infections. No significant age related trends were seen, with the exception of higher intensity of infection of T. axei in yearlings relative to other age classes. Assessment of abomasal parasite burden and body condition revealed no significant trends. In calves, statistically non-significant correlation was seen between increased parasite burden and decreased slaughter weight, whilst the opposite was seen in adults with the heaviest adults exhibiting the higher burdens. Given the small sample size the trends that were seen need further investigation. The parasite burden was aggregated with three adult red deer harbouring 75% of the total abomasal parasite count. Conclusion: This isolated population was parasitised by a reduced subset of gastrointestinal nematodes typical of this cervid across an extensive geographic range in Eurasia. The intensity and abundance of abomasal nematodes was higher in this isolated population than reported in similar studies of red deer populations across Europe. C1 [Davidson, Rebecca K.; Madslien, Knut; Handeland, Kjell] Norwegian Vet Inst, NO-0106 Oslo, Norway. [Kutz, Susan J.] Univ Calgary, Dept Ecosyst & Publ Hlth, Fac Vet Med, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. [Kutz, Susan J.] Univ Calgary, Canadian Cooperat Wildlife Hlth Ctr Alberta Node, Fac Vet Med, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. [Hoberg, Eric] Agr Res Serv, US Natl Parasite Collect, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Davidson, RK (reprint author), HD Diagnostikk AS, Kalkbrennerveien 12, NO-1487 Hakadal, Norway. EM bekidavidson@hotmail.com FU Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Health Surveillance Program for Wild Cervids FX We thank Arthur Abrams and Patricia Pilitt at the US National Parasite Collection, USDA, Beltsville, Maryland, for assistance in preparing nematodes for examination and identification. We also thank Bjomar Ytrehus and Anja Gahr Langangen, at the Norwegian Veterinary Institute, for their respective help with the field work and with the gastrointestinal washes and counting. We would also like to thank Statoil Mongstad for granting us access to this red deer population. This study was financed by the Norwegian Veterinary Institute as part of the Health Surveillance Program for Wild Cervids. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 22 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0044-605X EI 1751-0147 J9 ACTA VET SCAND JI Acta Vet. Scand. PD OCT 8 PY 2014 VL 56 AR 59 DI 10.1186/s13028-014-0059-x PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AQ9MA UT WOS:000343177200001 PM 25294401 ER PT J AU Cremer, JE Bean, SR Tilley, MM Ioerger, BP Ohm, JB Kaufman, RC Wilson, JD Innes, DJ Gilding, EK Godwin, ID AF Cremer, Julia E. Bean, Scott R. Tilley, Michael M. Ioerger, Brian P. Ohm, Jae B. Kaufman, Rhett C. Wilson, Jeff D. Innes, David J. Gilding, Edward K. Godwin, Ian D. TI Grain Sorghum Proteomics: Integrated Approach toward Characterization of Endosperm Storage Proteins in Kafirin Allelic Variants SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE seed storage proteins; sorghum; kafirin; mass spectrometry; HPLC; digestibility ID BICOLOR L-MOENCH; ALPHA-AMYLASE INHIBITORS; HIGH-LYSINE; DISULFIDE-ISOMERASE; PROLYL ISOMERASES; SOLUBLE PROTEINS; WHEAT ENDOSPERM; RICE ENDOSPERM; ZEIN GENE; IN-VIVO AB Grain protein composition determines quality traits, such as value for food, feedstock, and biomaterials uses. The major storage proteins in sorghum are the prolamins, known as kafirins. Located primarily on the periphery of the protein bodies surrounding starch, cysteine-rich beta- and gamma- kafirins may limit enzymatic access to internally positioned alpha-kafirins and starch. An integrated approach was used to characterize sorghum with allelic variation at the kafirin loci to determine the effects of this genetic diversity on protein expression. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography and lab-on-a-chip analysis. showed reductions in alcohol-soluble protein in beta-kafirin null lines. Gel-based separation and liquid chromatography-tandem. mass spectrometry identified a range of redox active proteins affecting storage protein biochemistry. Thioredoxin, involved in the processing of proteins at germination, has reported impact on grain digestibility and was differentially expressed across genotypes. Thus, redox states of endosperm proteins, of which kafirins are a subset, could affect quality traits in addition to the expression of proteins. C1 [Cremer, Julia E.; Godwin, Ian D.] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Gilding, Edward K.] Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Bean, Scott R.; Tilley, Michael M.; Ioerger, Brian P.; Kaufman, Rhett C.; Wilson, Jeff D.] ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Ohm, Jae B.] ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, USDA, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Innes, David J.] Dept Agr Fisheries & Forestry, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Cremer, JE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM j.cremer@uq.edu.au RI Innes, David/E-5501-2013; Gilding, Edward/A-8630-2011; OI Innes, David/0000-0003-4563-2741; Gilding, Edward/0000-0003-1720-1282; Cremer, Julia Erin/0000-0001-8488-7451; Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 FU ARC; Andersons Research Program; USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, USA FX The work is supported by funding from an ARC linkage grant with Pacific Seeds, by the Andersons Research Program, and by the USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, USA. NR 75 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 8 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 40 BP 9819 EP 9831 DI 10.1021/jf5022847 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AQ7RF UT WOS:000343016200024 PM 25177767 ER PT J AU Maccaferri, M Cane', MA Sanguineti, MC Salvi, S Colalongo, MC Massi, A Clarke, F Knox, R Pozniak, CJ Clarke, JM Fahima, T Dubcovsky, J Xu, S Ammar, K Karsai, I Vida, G Tuberosa, R AF Maccaferri, Marco Cane', Maria Angela Sanguineti, Maria C. Salvi, Silvio Colalongo, Maria C. Massi, Andrea Clarke, Fran Knox, Ron Pozniak, Curtis J. Clarke, John M. Fahima, Tzion Dubcovsky, Jorge Xu, Steven Ammar, Karim Karsai, Ildiko Vida, Gyula Tuberosa, Roberto TI A consensus framework map of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) suitable for linkage disequilibrium analysis and genome-wide association mapping SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Triticum durum Desf; Consensus map; Linkage disequilibrium; Genome-wide association mapping; Heading date; QTL ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; WILD EMMER WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; YELLOW PIGMENT; AESTIVUM L.; EARLINESS COMPONENTS; ELITE COLLECTION AB Background: Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is a tetraploid cereal grown in the medium to low-precipitation areas of the Mediterranean Basin, North America and South-West Asia. Genomics applications in durum wheat have the potential to boost exploitation of genetic resources and to advance understanding of the genetics of important complex traits (e.g. resilience to environmental and biotic stresses). A dense and accurate consensus map specific for T. durum will greatly facilitate genetic mapping, functional genomics and marker-assisted improvement. Results: High quality genotypic data from six core recombinant inbred line populations were used to obtain a consensus framework map of 598 simple sequence repeats (SSR) and Diversity Array Technology (R) (DArT) anchor markers (common across populations). Interpolation of unique markers from 14 maps allowed us to position a total of 2,575 markers in a consensus map of 2,463 cM. The T. durum A and B genomes were covered in their near totality based on the reference SSR hexaploid wheat map. The consensus locus order compared to those of the single component maps showed good correspondence, (average Spearman's rank correlation rho. value of 0.96). Differences in marker order and local recombination rate were observed between the durum and hexaploid wheat consensus maps. The consensus map was used to carry out a whole-genome search for genetic differentiation signatures and association to heading date in a panel of 183 accessions adapted to the Mediterranean areas. Linkage disequilibrium was found to decay below the r(2) threshold = 0.3 within 2.20 cM, on average. Strong molecular differentiations among sub-populations were mapped to 87 chromosome regions. A genome-wide association scan for heading date from 27 field trials in the Mediterranean Basin and in Mexico yielded 50 chromosome regions with evidences of association in multiple environments. Conclusions: The consensus map presented here was used as a reference for genetic diversity and mapping analyses in T. durum, providing nearly complete genome coverage and even marker density. Markers previously mapped in hexaploid wheat constitute a strong link between the two species. The consensus map provides the basis for high-density single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) marker implementation in durum wheat. C1 [Maccaferri, Marco; Cane', Maria Angela; Sanguineti, Maria C.; Salvi, Silvio; Colalongo, Maria C.; Tuberosa, Roberto] Univ Bologna, Dept Agr Sci DipSA, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Massi, Andrea] Soc Produttori Sementi Bologna PSB, I-40050 Argelato, BO, Italy. [Clarke, Fran; Knox, Ron] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada. [Pozniak, Curtis J.; Clarke, John M.] Univ Saskatchewan, Crop Dev Ctr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [Pozniak, Curtis J.; Clarke, John M.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [Fahima, Tzion] Univ Haifa, Fac Sci & Sci Educ, Inst Evolut, Dept Evolutionary & Environm Biol, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. [Xu, Steven] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Ammar, Karim] CIMMYT, Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Karsai, Ildiko; Vida, Gyula] Hungarian Acad Sci, ARI, Ctr Agr Res, H-2462 Martonvasar, Hungary. RP Maccaferri, M (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Agr Sci DipSA, Viale Fanin 44, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. EM marco.maccaferri@unibo.it RI Tuberosa, Roberto/A-2781-2016; Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008; OI Tuberosa, Roberto/0000-0001-9143-9569; Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345; Knox, Ron/0000-0002-2030-3899 FU AGER agroalimentare e ricerca; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Genome Canada, Genome Prairie; Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture; Western Grains Research Foundation FX The authors thank Dr. Enrico Muzzi (University of Bologna) for the assistance in statistical analysis. Research supported by the AGER agroalimentare e ricerca - Project "From seed to Pasta - Multidisciplinary approaches for a more sustainable and high quality durum wheat production".; CJP, RK, FC acknowledge the financial support of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Genome Canada, Genome Prairie, The Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, and the Western Grains Research Foundation. NR 79 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 39 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 7 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 873 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-873 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AS9LN UT WOS:000344564300001 PM 25293821 ER PT J AU Kang, PG Mitchell, MJ Mayer, B Campbell, JL AF Kang, Phil-Goo Mitchell, Myron J. Mayer, Bernhard Campbell, John L. TI Isotopic Evidence for Determining the Sources of Dissolved Organic Sulfur in a Forested Catchment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STREAM WATER; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; POLLUTION GRADIENT; NORTHEASTERN USA; CENTRAL-EUROPE; HUBBARD-BROOK; STORM EVENTS; SULFATE; DYNAMICS; CHEMISTRY AB Understanding sulfur (S) biogeochemistry, especially in those watersheds subject to elevated levels of atmospheric S inputs, is needed for determining the factors that contribute to acidifciation, nutrient losses and the mobilization of toxic solutes (e.g., monomeric aluminum and methylmercury). S is found in a variety of both organic and inorganic forms undergoing a range of biotic and abiotic transformations. In watersheds with decreasing atmospheric S inputs, internal cycling is becoming dominant in affecting whether there is net loss or retention of S. Little attention has been given to the role of dissolved organic S (DOS) in affecting S biogeochemistry. DOS originates from assimilatory and bacterial dissimilatory S reduction (BDSR), the latter of which produces S-34 depleted S. Within groundwater of the Archer Creek Catchment in the Adirondack Mountains (New York) there was reoxidation of reduced S, which was an important source of SO42-. DOS in surface waters had a higher variation of delta S-34-DOS values (-6.0 to +8.4 parts per thousand) than inorganic S with delta S-34-SO42- values ranging from +1.0 to +5.8 parts per thousand. Inverse correlations between delta S-34 values of SO42- and DOS suggested that BDSR played an important role in producing DOS. C1 [Kang, Phil-Goo; Mitchell, Myron J.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry SUNY ESF, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Kang, Phil-Goo] Natl Inst Environm Res, Res Strategy & Planning Div, Inchon 404708, South Korea. [Mayer, Bernhard] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Kang, PG (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry SUNY ESF, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM philgkang@korea.kr OI Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 FU U.S. National Science Foundation (Ecosystem Studies, LTER, Hubbard Brook); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSER-DA) FX We thank Stephen Taylor (University of Calgary) for analytical assistance, Patrick McHale and David Lyon (SUNY-ESF) for sampling and analytical assistance as well as Dr. Pamela Edwards (USDA Forest Service) for her review. We appreciate the helpful comments of Professor Reiner Giesler and two anonymous reviewers. This work was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation (Ecosystem Studies, LTER, Hubbard Brook), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSER-DA). NR 49 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 7 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 19 BP 11259 EP 11267 DI 10.1021/es502563n PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ7RJ UT WOS:000343016600032 PM 25209676 ER PT J AU O'Rourke, JA Iniguez, LP Fu, FL Bucciarelli, B Miller, SS Jackson, SA McClean, PE Li, J Dai, XB Zhao, PX Hernandez, G Vance, CP AF O'Rourke, Jamie A. Iniguez, Luis P. Fu, Fengli Bucciarelli, Bruna Miller, Susan S. Jackson, Scott A. McClean, Philip E. Li, Jun Dai, Xinbin Zhao, Patrick X. Hernandez, Georgina Vance, Carroll P. TI An RNA-Seq based gene expression atlas of the common bean SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Phaseolus vulgaris cv Negro jamapa; Common bean; RNA-Seq; Symbiotic nitrogen fixation; Expression atlas; SRP046307 ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; GENOME-WIDE IDENTIFICATION; LEGUME SEED DEVELOPMENT; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; GLYCINE-MAX; NITROGEN ASSIMILATION; RHIZOBIAL INFECTION; NODULE DEVELOPMENT; ROOT-NODULES AB Background: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is grown throughout the world and comprises roughly 50% of the grain legumes consumed worldwide. Despite this, genetic resources for common beans have been lacking. Next generation sequencing, has facilitated our investigation of the gene expression profiles associated with biologically important traits in common bean. An increased understanding of gene expression in common bean will improve our understanding of gene expression patterns in other legume species. Results: Combining recently developed genomic resources for Phaseolus vulgaris, including predicted gene calls, with RNA-Seq technology, we measured the gene expression patterns from 24 samples collected from seven tissues at developmentally important stages and from three nitrogen treatments. Gene expression patterns throughout the plant were analyzed to better understand changes due to nodulation, seed development, and nitrogen utilization. We have identified 11,010 genes differentially expressed with a fold change >= 2 and a P-value < 0.05 between different tissues at the same time point, 15,752 genes differentially expressed within a tissue due to changes in development, and 2,315 genes expressed only in a single tissue. These analyses identified 2,970 genes with expression patterns that appear to be directly dependent on the source of available nitrogen. Finally, we have assembled this data in a publicly available database, The Phaseolus vulgaris Gene Expression Atlas (Pv GEA), http://plantgrn.noble.org/PvGEA/. Using the website, researchers can query gene expression profiles of their gene of interest, search for genes expressed in different tissues, or download the dataset in a tabular form. Conclusions: These data provide the basis for a gene expression atlas, which will facilitate functional genomic studies in common bean. Analysis of this dataset has identified genes important in regulating seed composition and has increased our understanding of nodulation and impact of the nitrogen source on assimilation and distribution throughout the plant. C1 [O'Rourke, Jamie A.; Fu, Fengli; Bucciarelli, Bruna; Miller, Susan S.; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Iniguez, Luis P.; Hernandez, Georgina] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Genom, Cuernavaca 66210, Morelos, Mexico. [Bucciarelli, Bruna] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jackson, Scott A.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McClean, Philip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Li, Jun; Dai, Xinbin; Zhao, Patrick X.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. RP O'Rourke, JA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jamie.orourke@ars.usda.gov NR 100 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 27 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 6 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 866 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-866 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ9MT UT WOS:000343179600005 PM 25283805 ER PT J AU Zhang, JE Yu, JY Ouyang, Y Xu, HQ AF Zhang, Jia-En Yu, Jiayu Ouyang, Ying Xu, Huaqin TI Impact of Simulated Acid Rain on Trace Metals and Aluminum Leaching in Latosol from Guangdong Province, China SO SOIL & SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION LA English DT Article DE Acid rain; electrical conductivity; trace metal; Latosol ID SOUTH CHINA; DEPOSITION; SOIL AB Acid rain is one of the most serious ecological and environmental problems worldwide. This study investigated the impacts of simulated acid rain (SAR) upon leaching of trace metals and aluminum (Al) from a soil. Soil pot leaching experiments were performed to investigate the impacts of SAR at five different pH levels (or treatments) over a 34-day period upon the release of trace metals (i.e., Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Fe) and Al from the Latosol (acidic red soil). The concentrations of trace metals in the effluent increased as the SAR pH level decreased, and were highest at the SAR pH = 2.0. In general, the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Fe, and Al in the effluent increased with leaching time at the SAR pH = 2.0, whereas the concentrations of Zn, Fe, and Al in the effluent decreased with leaching time at the SAR pH 4.0. The increase in electrical conductivity (EC) with leaching time at five different SAR pH levels was primarily due to the concentrations of Al and Fe in the effluent. There were good linear correlations between the effluent Al concentrations and the effluent pH at the SAR pH = 2.0 (R-2 = 0.87) and pH = 3.0 (R-2 = 0.83). More soil trace metals and Al were activated and released into the soil solution as the SAR pH level decreased. C1 [Zhang, Jia-En; Yu, Jiayu; Xu, Huaqin] South China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Ouyang, Ying] USDA, Forest Serv, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Zhang, JE (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Wushan Rd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jeanzh@scau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40871118]; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [8151064201000048, 9451064201003801, S2011010001570]; China Postdoctoral Special Fund [201003355] FX The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40871118), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No. 8151064201000048; No. 9451064201003801; No. S2011010001570), and China Postdoctoral Special Fund (No. 201003355). NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 77 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1532-0383 EI 1549-7887 J9 SOIL SEDIMENT CONTAM JI Soil. Sediment. Contam. PD OCT 3 PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 725 EP 735 DI 10.1080/15320383.2014.866934 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC0PF UT WOS:000332196500003 ER PT J AU Witmer, GW Moulton, RS Baldwin, RA AF Witmer, Gary W. Moulton, Rachael S. Baldwin, Roger A. TI An efficacy test of cholecalciferol plus diphacinone rodenticide baits for California voles (Microtus californicus Peale) to replace ineffective chlorophacinone baits SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE wildlife damage; rodenticide; Microtus californicus; diphacinone; cholecalciferol; California vole ID ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES AB California voles cause damage to pastures and rangelands, orchards and nurseries, and a wide variety of field crops, including artichokes. The anticoagulant rodenticides (chlorophacinone and diphacinone) typically used for voles are becoming less effective in controlling their populations. Consequently, there is a need to identify new rodenticides that will have a high efficacy on California voles so that agricultural production losses to rodents can be substantially reduced. We tested a new formulation containing two active ingredients (cholecalciferol and diphacinone) as a control method for California voles. Both a pelleted bait and an oil-coated artichoke bract bait were very palatable and efficacious against wild-caught, captive California voles. Efficacy levels of 70%-80% were achieved in the two-choice feeding trials. Additionally, the days-to-death (5-6days) were less than the time-to-death with anticoagulant only baits. We recommend that a field efficacy study be conducted with cholecalciferol plus diphacinone bait formulations to determine their field performance in the reduction of agricultural damage by California voles. C1 [Witmer, Gary W.; Moulton, Rachael S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Baldwin, Roger A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Witmer, GW (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM gary.w.witmer@aphis.usda.gov FU Vertebrate Pest Control Research Advisory Committee of the California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento [11-0444-SA] FX The study was funded by the Vertebrate Pest Control Research Advisory Committee of the California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, under [Agreement Number: 11-0444-SA]. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 EI 1366-5863 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PD OCT 2 PY 2014 VL 60 IS 4 BP 275 EP 278 DI 10.1080/09670874.2014.969361 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AU1FY UT WOS:000345367600005 ER PT J AU Mengistu, A Castlebury, LA Morel, W Ray, JD Smith, JR AF Mengistu, Alemu Castlebury, Lisa A. Morel, Wilfrido Ray, Jeffrey D. Smith, James R. TI Pathogenicity of Diaporthe spp. isolates recovered from soybean (Glycine max) seeds in Paraguay SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glycine max; soybean; Phomopsis/Diaporthe; seed quality; Phomopsis seed decay ID PHOMOPSIS-LONGICOLLA; WEED HOSTS; INFECTION; SEEDLINGS; FUNGI AB Phomopsis seed decay (PSD) caused by Diaporthe longicolla has been documented as part of a soybean (Glycine max) fungal disease complex that affects the quality of soybean seed. Soybean-producing countries that have not yet documented the presence of PSD impose soybean seed import restrictions to protect their soybean production. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of occurrence of Diaporthe spp. in Paraguay. In 2006, 16 isolates of Diaporthe were recovered for the first time from soybean seed in San Alberto, Paraguay in the south-eastern section of the country. The 16 isolates were used to inoculate mature pods harvested from greenhouse grown PSD-susceptible soybean cultivar 'Maverick'. Among the16 isolates, six isolates (TN 214, TN 218, TN 224, TN 226, TN 227 and TN 229) caused infection on both pods and seeds within pods. Two groups of isolates were identified based on conidial types: isolates that produced only alpha conidia and isolates that produced both alpha and beta conidia. The percentage of beta conidia ranged from 0 to 95% for all the isolates except for TN 218, TN-222 and TN 223, which only produced alpha conidia. These results indicate that considerable variability exists in pathogenicity and composition of alpha and beta spores among the 16 Diaporthe spp. isolates recovered from soybean seeds in Paraguay. In addition, these isolates may cause seed quality losses and may spread undetected to soybean production fields in Paraguay and around the world. Although the Diaporthe spp. isolates had three distinct ITS sequence types, none of the three probable species could be identified using currently available information. It is possible that these isolates represent previously unrecognized species, in addition to D. longicolla or D. phaseolorum, but additional data will be required to determine if this is the case. C1 [Mengistu, Alemu] ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Unit, USDA, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Castlebury, Lisa A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Morel, Wilfrido] Minist Agr & Granaderia, Ctr Reg Invest Agr, Direcc Invest Agr, Capitan Miranda, Itapua, Paraguay. [Ray, Jeffrey D.; Smith, James R.] ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Mengistu, A (reprint author), ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Unit, USDA, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. EM alemu.mengistu@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6401-21220-002-00D] FX This research was funded by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service project number 6401-21220-002-00D. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PD OCT 2 PY 2014 VL 36 IS 4 BP 470 EP 474 DI 10.1080/07060661.2014.966151 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR7PF UT WOS:000343771000007 ER PT J AU Parinussa, RM Wang, G Holmes, TRH Liu, YY Dolman, AJ de Jeu, RAM Jiang, T Zhang, P Shi, J AF Parinussa, R. M. Wang, G. Holmes, T. R. H. Liu, Y. Y. Dolman, A. J. de Jeu, R. A. M. Jiang, T. Zhang, P. Shi, J. TI Global surface soil moisture from the Microwave Radiation Imager onboard the Fengyun-3B satellite SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID AMSR-E; RETRIEVALS; EMISSION; MODEL; ASCAT AB Soil moisture retrievals from China's recently launched meteorological Fengyun-3B satellite are presented. An established retrieval algorithm - the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM) - was applied to observations of the Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) onboard this satellite. The newly developed soil moisture retrievals from this satellite mission may be incorporated in an existing global microwave-based soil moisture database. To reach consistency with an existing data set of multi-satellite soil moisture retrievals, an intercalibration step was applied to correct brightness temperatures for sensor differences between MWRI and the radiometer ofthe Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission's (TRMM's) Microwave Imager (TMI), resulting from their individual calibration procedures. The newly derived soil moisture and vegetation optical depth product showed a high degree of consistency with parallel retrievals from both TMI and WindSat, the two satellites that are observing during the same time period and are already part of the LPRM database. High correlation (R>0.60 at night-time) between the LPRM and official MWRI soil moisture products was shown over the validation networks experiencing semiarid climate conditions. The skills drop below 0.50 over forested regions, with the performance of the LPRM product slightly better than the official MWRI product. To demonstrate the promising use of the MWRI soil moisture in drought monitoring, a case study for a recent and unusually dry East Asian summer Monsoon was conducted. The MWRI soil moisture products are able to effectively delineate the regions that are experiencing a considerable drought, highly in agreement with spatial patterns of precipitation and temperature anomalies. The results in this study give confidence in the soil moisture retrievals from the MWRI onboard Fengyun-3B. The integration of the newly derived products into the existing database will allow a better understanding the diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations, and long-term (35 year) changes of soil moisture at the global scale, consequently enhancing hydrological, meteorological, and climate studies. C1 [Parinussa, R. M.; Dolman, A. J.; de Jeu, R. A. M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Wang, G.] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Coll Hydrometeorol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Holmes, T. R. H.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Liu, Y. Y.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Liu, Y. Y.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Jiang, T.] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, P.] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Shi, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Parinussa, RM (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM R.M.Parinussa@VU.nl RI Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010; Liu, Yi/H-9226-2013; Liu, Yi/M-7169-2015; OI Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079; Liu, Yi/0000-0001-9059-8269; Dolman, A.J./0000-0003-0099-0457 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41375099, 91337108]; International S&T Cooperation Programme of China from MoST [2011DFG23440]; European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative [4000104814/11/I-NB]; Netherlands-China Exchange Programme of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences [13CDP004] FX G. Wang is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 41375099] and [grant number 91337108], while T. Jiang is supported by the International S&T Cooperation Programme of China from MoST [grant number 2011DFG23440]. Further funding was provided by the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative for soil moisture (http://www.esa-soilmoisture-cci.org/, contract no. 4000104814/11/I-NB) and The Netherlands-China Exchange Programme of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (project #13CDP004). NR 41 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD OCT 2 PY 2014 VL 35 IS 19 BP 7007 EP 7029 DI 10.1080/01431161.2014.960622 PG 23 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AR0WQ UT WOS:000343294600010 ER PT J AU Douds, DD Lee, J Uknalis, J Boateng, AA Ziegler-Ulsh, C AF Douds, David D., Jr. Lee, Joe Uknalis, Joe Boateng, Akwasi A. Ziegler-Ulsh, Christine TI Pelletized Biochar as a Carrier for AM Fungi in the On-Farm System of Inoculum Production in Compost and Vermiculite Mixtures SO COMPOST SCIENCE & UTILIZATION LA English DT Article ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; AGGREGATE STABILITY; GLOMUS VERSIFORME; SOIL; INOCULATION; FERTILITY; INFECTION; SPORES; IMPACT; ROOTS AB ABSTRACT. On farm production of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is suitable for vegetable and horticultural crop production because the inocula may be efficiently mixed into horticultural potting media for plant production in the greenhouse. These inocula are not amenable for use in row crop production because they are not in a form suitable for mechanical application. Experiments were conducted in which light expanded clay aggregates (LECA) and pelletized biochar were used in the media for the on-farm production of AM fungus inoculum utilizing compost and vermiculite with Paspalum notatum Flugge as the nurse host plant. Subsequent colonization assays using P. notatum failed to detect any infectivity of LECA granules, indicating that the AM fungi did not infest the granules. However, as little as 0.1g fresh wt of biochar was sufficient to produce colonization of test plants. Biochar pellets recovered from the on-farm system used to propagate Rhizophagus intraradices exhibited 24 propagules g(-1) fresh wt. These results indicate the promise of pelletized biochar as a carrier for AM fungi in inoculum production systems. C1 [Douds, David D., Jr.; Lee, Joe; Uknalis, Joe; Boateng, Akwasi A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Ziegler-Ulsh, Christine] Rodale Inst, Kutztown, PA USA. RP Douds, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS ERRC, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.douds@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 42 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1065-657X EI 2326-2397 J9 COMPOST SCI UTIL JI Compost Sci. Util. PD OCT 2 PY 2014 VL 22 IS 4 BP 253 EP 262 DI 10.1080/1065657X.2014.941515 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA AQ5FW UT WOS:000342833300006 ER PT J AU Ladinig, A Foxcroft, G Ashley, C Lunney, JK Plastow, G Harding, JCS AF Ladinig, Andrea Foxcroft, George Ashley, Carolyn Lunney, Joan K. Plastow, Graham Harding, John C. S. TI Birth Weight, Intrauterine Growth Retardation and Fetal Susceptibility to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PRENATAL UNDERNUTRITION; OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT; IMPLANTATION SITES; MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; LATE-GESTATION; NEONATAL PIGS; VACCINATION; NUTRITION; RESPONSES AB The severity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome was compared in pregnant gilts originating from high and low birth weight litters. One-hundred and eleven pregnant gilts experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on gestation day 85 (+/- 1) were necropsied along with their fetuses 21 days later. Ovulation rates and litter size did not differ between groups, but fetuses from low birth weight gilts were shorter, lighter and demonstrated evidence of asymmetric growth with large brain: organ weight ratios (i.e. brain sparing). The number of intrauterine growth retarded fetuses, defined by brain: organ weight ratios greater than 1 standard deviation from the mean, was significantly greater in low, compared to high, birth weight gilts. Although gamma delta T cells significantly decreased over time in high compared to low birth weight gilts, viral load in serum and tissues, gilt serum cytokine levels, and litter outcome, including the percent dead fetuses per litter, did not differ by birth weight group. Thus, this study provided no substantive evidence that the severity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is affected by dam birth weight. However, intrauterine growth retarded fetuses had lower viral loads in both fetal thymus and in endometrium adjacent to the umbilical stump. Crown rump length did not significantly differ between fetuses that survived and those that died at least one week prior to termination. Taken together, this study clearly demonstrates that birth weight is a transgenerational trait in pigs, and provides evidence that larger fetuses are more susceptible to transplacental PRRSv infection. C1 [Ladinig, Andrea; Ashley, Carolyn; Harding, John C. S.] Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. [Foxcroft, George; Plastow, Graham] Univ Alberta, Fac Agr Life & Environm Sci, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Lunney, Joan K.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Ladinig, A (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. EM andrea.ladinig@usask.ca OI Ladinig, Andrea/0000-0001-5037-7269 FU Genome Canada; Genome Prairie [2209-F] FX Funding for the project was generously provided by grants from Genome Canada and Genome Prairie (grant number 2209-F), with administrative support by Genome Alberta. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 2 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 10 AR e109541 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109541 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ2BX UT WOS:000342591500107 PM 25275491 ER PT J AU Lie, WR Lipsey, J Warmke, T Yan, L Mistry, J AF Lie, Wen-Rong Lipsey, Jonathan Warmke, Tim Yan, Lin Mistry, Jehangir TI Quantitative protein profiling of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis biomarkers in mouse and human models SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Research (AACR) CY APR 05-09, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Lie, Wen-Rong; Warmke, Tim; Mistry, Jehangir] EMD Millipore Corp, St Charles, MO USA. [Lipsey, Jonathan] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Yan, Lin] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 74 IS 19 SU S MA 3995 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3995 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA CB8VR UT WOS:000349910201479 ER PT J AU Yan, L AF Yan, Lin TI Consumption of a high-fat diet abrogates inhibitory effects of selenium on spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Research (AACR) CY APR 05-09, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Yan, Lin] USDA ARS, Grand Forks, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 74 IS 19 SU S MA 245 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-245 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA CB8UN UT WOS:000349906903179 ER PT J AU Zhang, LF Dhar, S Rimando, AM Kumar, A Lage, J Lewin, JR Zhang, X Levenson, AS AF Zhang, Liangfen Dhar, Swati Rimando, Agnes M. Kumar, Avinash Lage, Janice Lewin, Jack R. Zhang, Xu Levenson, Anait S. TI Pterostilbene supresses prostate cancer progression in transgenic mice model SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Research (AACR) CY APR 05-09, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Zhang, Liangfen; Dhar, Swati; Kumar, Avinash; Lage, Janice; Lewin, Jack R.; Zhang, Xu; Levenson, Anait S.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Rimando, Agnes M.] USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Units, University, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 74 IS 19 SU S MA 3199 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3199 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA CB8VR UT WOS:000349910200203 ER PT J AU Altland, JE Locke, JC Krause, CR AF Altland, James E. Locke, James C. Krause, Charles R. TI Influence of Pine Bark Particle Size and pH on Cation Exchange Capacity SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE container; nursery crops; nutrition; sphagnum moss ID CONTAINER MEDIA; PEAT MATERIALS; RESIDUES; CANADA; GROWTH AB Cation exchange capacity (CEC) describes the maximum quantity of cations a soil or substrate can hold while being exchangeable with the soil solution. Although CEC has been studied for peatmoss-based substrates, relatively little work has documented factors that affect CEC of pine bark substrates. The objective of this research was to determine the variability of CEC in different batches of pine bark and determine the influence of particle size, substrate pH, and peat amendment on pine bark CEC. Four batches of nursery-grade pine bark were collected from two nurseries, and a single source of sphagnum moss was obtained, separated in to several particle size classes, and measured for CEC. Pine bark was also amended with varying rates of elemental sulfur and dolomitic limestone to generate varying levels of substrate pH. The CEC varied with pine bark batch. Part of this variation is attributed to differences in particle size of the bark batches. Pine bark and peatmoss CEC increased with decreasing particle size, although the change in CEC from coarse to fine particles was greater with pine bark than peatmoss. Substrate pH from 4.02 to 6.37 had no effect on pine bark CEC. The pine bark batch with the highest CEC had similar CEC to sphagnum peat. Amending this batch of pine bark with sphagnum peat had no effect on composite CEC. C1 [Altland, James E.; Locke, James C.; Krause, Charles R.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Altland, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM james.altland@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 5 BP 554 EP 559 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CB6MP UT WOS:000349741400007 ER PT J AU Klotz, JL Bames, AJ AF Klotz, James L. Bames, Adam J. TI Isolating and Using Sections of Bovine Mesenteric Artery and Vein as a Bioassay to Test for Vasoactivity in the Small Intestine SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Medicine; Issue 92; Blood flow; bovine; mesenteric artery; mesenteric vein; small intestine; vasoactivity; vasoconstriction ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; BLOOD-FLOW; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; CONTRACTILITY; ABSORPTION AB Mammalian gastrointestinal systems are constantly exposed to compounds (desirable and undesirable) that can have an effect on blood flow to and from that system. Changes in blood flow to the small intestine can result in effects on the absorptive functions of the organ. Particular interest in toxins liberated from feedstuffs through fermentative and digestive processes has developed in ruminants as an area where productive efficiencies could be improved. The video associated with this article describes an in vitro bioassay developed to screen compounds for vasoactivity in isolated cross-sections of bovine mesenteric artery and vein using a multimyograph. Once the blood vessels are mounted and equilibrated in the myograph, the bioassay itself can be used: as a screening tool to evaluate the contractile response or vasoactivity of compounds of interest; determine the presence of receptor types by pharmacologically targeting receptors with specific agonists; determine the role of a receptor with the presence of one or more antagonists; or determine potential interactions of compounds of interest with antagonists. Through all of this, data are collected real-time, tissue collected from a single animal can be exposed to a large number of different experimental treatments (an in vitro advantage), and represents vasculature on either side of the capillary bed to provide an accurate picture of what could be happening in the afferent and efferent blood supply supporting the small intestine. C1 [Klotz, James L.; Bames, Adam J.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Klotz, JL (reprint author), USDA Agr Res Serv, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM james.klotz@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD OCT PY 2014 IS 92 AR e52020 DI 10.3791/52020 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CB0GF UT WOS:000349303100054 PM 25350042 ER PT J AU Cooper, M Varela, L Smith, R Whitmer, D Simmons, G Lucchi, A Broadway, R Steinhauer, R AF Cooper, Monica Varela, Lucia Smith, Rhonda Whitmer, David Simmons, Gregory Lucchi, Andrea Broadway, Roxanne Steinhauer, Robert TI Growers, scientists and regulators collaborate on European grapevine moth program SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID LOBESIA-BOTRANA LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; CALIFORNIA AB The first detection of the European grapevine moth in North America triggered the establishment of federal and state regulatory programs that (1) identified the insect's geographic range in California, (2) developed and implemented detection and management programs, (3) regulated the movement of plant material and equipment to minimize the threat of dispersal, (4) incorporated research-based information developed by subject-matter experts into policy decisions and (5) promoted a wide-reaching educational program for grape growers, the public and local officials. The action plan, developed and carried out through a coordinated program that included multiple government agencies, university scientists and the agricultural community, drastically reduced insect populations and limited the distribution in California vineyards such that some previously infested areas were removed from quarantine regulation. C1 [Cooper, Monica] Viticulture, Fresno, CA USA. [Smith, Rhonda] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Washington, DC USA. [Simmons, Gregory; Broadway, Roxanne] Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Lucchi, Andrea] Wineland Consulting, Napa, CA USA. RI LUCCHI, ANDREA/N-4088-2015 OI LUCCHI, ANDREA/0000-0002-9379-6495 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 12 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI RICHMOND PA 1301 S 46 ST, RICHMOND, CA 94804 USA SN 0008-0845 EI 2160-8091 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 68 IS 4 BP 125 EP 133 DI 10.3733/ca.v068n04p125 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AZ9ZR UT WOS:000348574200007 ER PT J AU Valliyodan, B Van Toai, TT Alves, JD Goulart, PDP Lee, JD Fritschi, FB Rahman, MA Islam, R Shannon, JG Nguyen, HT AF Valliyodan, Babu Van Toai, Tara T. Alves, Jose Donizeti Goulart, Patricia de Fatima P. Lee, Jeong Dong Fritschi, Felix B. Rahman, Mohammed Atiqur Islam, Rafiq Shannon, J. Grover Nguyen, Henry T. TI Expression of Root-Related Transcription Factors Associated with Flooding Tolerance of Soybean (Glycine max) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE abiotic stress tolerance; anaerobic genes; gene expression; hypoxia; waterlogging ID GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; LOW-OXYGEN; AERENCHYMA FORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS SEEDLINGS; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; ANAEROBIC EXPRESSION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; HYPOXIC STRESS AB Much research has been conducted on the changes in gene expression of the model plant Arabidopsis to low-oxygen stress. Flooding results in a low oxygen environment in the root zone. However, there is ample evidence that tolerance to soil flooding is more than tolerance to low oxygen alone. In this study, we investigated the physiological response and differential expression of root-related transcription factors (TFs) associated with the tolerance of soybean plants to soil flooding. Differential responses of PI408105A and S99-2281 plants to ten days of soil flooding were evaluated at physiological, morphological and anatomical levels. Gene expression underlying the tolerance response was investigated using qRT-PCR of root-related TFs, known anaerobic genes, and housekeeping genes. Biomass of flood-sensitive S99-2281 roots remained unchanged during the entire 10 days of flooding. Flood-tolerant PI408105A plants exhibited recovery of root growth after 3 days of flooding. Flooding induced the development of aerenchyma and adventitious roots more rapidly in the flood-tolerant than the flood-sensitive genotype. Roots of tolerant plants also contained more ATP than roots of sensitive plants at the 7th and 10th days of flooding. Quantitative transcript analysis identified 132 genes differentially expressed between the two genotypes at one or more time points of flooding. Expression of genes related to the ethylene biosynthesis pathway and formation of adventitious roots was induced earlier and to higher levels in roots of the flood-tolerant genotype. Three potential flood-tolerance TFs which were differentially expressed between the two genotypes during the entire 10-day flooding duration were identified. This study confirmed the expression of anaerobic genes in response to soil flooding. Additionally, the differential expression of TFs associated with soil flooding tolerance was not qualitative but quantitative and temporal. Functional analyses of these genes will be necessary to reveal their potential to enhance flooding tolerance of soybean cultivars. C1 [Valliyodan, Babu; Fritschi, Felix B.; Nguyen, Henry T.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Van Toai, Tara T.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Alves, Jose Donizeti] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Biol, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Goulart, Patricia de Fatima P.] Ctr Univ Lavras UNILAVRAS, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Lee, Jeong Dong; Shannon, J. Grover] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Delta Ctr, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Lee, Jeong Dong] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Div Plant Biosci, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Rahman, Mohammed Atiqur; Islam, Rafiq] Ohio State Univ, Off Informat Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Valliyodan, B (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM valliyodanb@missouri.edu; tvantoai@yahoo.com; jdalves@ufla.br; patriciagoulart@unilavras.edu.br; jdlee@knu.ac.kr; fritschif@missouri.edu; rahman.5@osu.edu; islam.27@osu.edu; shannong@missouri.edu; nguyenhenry@missouri.edu OI Valliyodan, Babu/0000-0001-9457-9508 FU Missouri Soybean Merchandising Council (MSMC) FX We sincerely thank Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Brazil for granting a sabbatical leave to Jose Donizeti Alves to work in the Henry Nguyen laboratory at the University of Missouri (MU), Columbia, MO, USA. We also thank G. Esteban Fernandez of MU Molecular Cytology Research Core Facility for the excellent help with imaging of the aerenchyma; Gabriel Goulart Vitorino for collecting samples and taking measurements of greenhouse plants; Ann Houser and Debra Gamble of USDA-ARS, Columbus, OH for organizing the results, compiling the figures and producing the Venn Diagram. Appreciation is also given to the Missouri Soybean Merchandising Council (MSMC) for funding the field screening research-MSMC project "Evaluation of soybean germplasm for tolerance to soil waterlogging"-and the functional genomics research-MSMC project "High throughput cloning and functional characterization of molecular switches for stress tolerance and enhanced seed composition in soybean". NR 85 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 26 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-0067 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 10 BP 17622 EP 17643 DI 10.3390/ijms151017622 PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AZ2BL UT WOS:000348039400014 PM 25268626 ER PT J AU Furr, J Reece, P Kahn, T Siebert, T Barry, G McCollum, G Castle, W Stover, E AF Furr, Joseph Reece, Phillip Kahn, Tracy Siebert, Toni Barry, Graham McCollum, Greg Castle, William Stover, Ed TI 'US Furr' and 'US Furr-ST' Mandarins SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE breeding; Citrus reticulata; Citrus scab; Elsinoe fawcettii; irradiation AB This document marks the official release of US Furr, a hybrid of Clementine x Murcott, and US Furr-ST, an irradiated variant of US Furr with apparent field tolerance to citrus scab (causal agent Elsinoe fawcetti Bitanc. and Jenk.). The hybridization creating US Furr and ultimately US Furr-ST was made at the USDA Horticultural Research Laboratory in Orlando, Florida, by Dr. Phillip Reece in 1953. Seeds were sent to the USDA Date and Citrus Station in Indio, California for hybrid evaluation. Dr. Joseph Furr identified this superior selection from the resulting seedlings. US Furr has been sufficiently promising that it has been introduced into at least five countries, under several different names. Budwood of US Furr was introduced into Argentina, Brazil, France (Corsica), Israel, and Spain in the 1980s and 1990s using material prior to irradiation and some possibly post-irradiation. 'US Furr' and US Furr-ST are high quality, December/January-maturing mandarins with excellent rind color, superior flavor, and moderate peelability (rind comes off in pieces similar to Sunburst and Murcott). US Furr and US Furr-ST are sexually self-compatible and fruit in mixed plantings average 12 to 24 highly polyembryonic seeds per fruit, and 6 to 12 seeds per fruit when planted in isolation from compatible pollinating varieties. Furthermore, very few to no fruit are set when flowers are bagged, indicative of low parthenocarpy. US Furr and US Furr-ST fruit average 150-215 g per fruit at maturity. US Furr and US Furr-ST trees are moderately vigorous, thornless, and spreading with fairly dense foliage. The diversity of names used for US Furr / US Furr-ST has reduced awareness that a single genotype has garnered wide attention, limiting impact and resulting in few US plantings. It is anticipated that this official release will garner increased interest in these cultivars leading to increased plantings. Many tasters report that US Furr and US Furr-ST are among the best tasting citrus they have eaten. These mandarin cultivars merit consideration for planting as a part of a mid-late season mandarin portfolio, and are released without any intellectual property restrictions. C1 [Furr, Joseph; Reece, Phillip; McCollum, Greg; Stover, Ed] USDA ARS, United States Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Kahn, Tracy; Siebert, Toni] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Barry, Graham] XLnT Citrus Co, Somerset West, South Africa. [Castle, William] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL USA. RP Furr, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, United States Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM ed.stover@ars.usda.gov FU Citrus Research Board [5200-201] FX California data collection of 'US Furr' fruit was funded by the Citrus Research Board as part of Project 5200-201. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 68 IS 4 BP 198 EP 203 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CA1PU UT WOS:000348685100003 ER PT J AU McLean, L Smith, A Cheung, LM Desai, N Grinchuk, V Zhao, AP Sun, R Raufman, JP Shea-Donohue, T AF McLean, Leon Smith, Allen Cheung, Lumei Desai, Neemesh Grinchuk, Viktoriya Zhao, Aiping Sun, Rex Raufman, Jean-Pierre Shea-Donohue, Terez TI Type 3 Muscarinic Receptors (M3R) Contribute to Expulsion of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Through Induction of Th2 Cytokines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 17-22, 2014 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol C1 [McLean, Leon; Desai, Neemesh; Grinchuk, Viktoriya; Zhao, Aiping; Sun, Rex; Raufman, Jean-Pierre; Shea-Donohue, Terez] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Smith, Allen; Cheung, Lumei] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 109 SU 2 MA 1697 BP S502 EP S502 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AS6OR UT WOS:000344383102093 ER PT J AU Toledo, D Sanderson, M Spaeth, K Hendrickson, J Printz, J AF Toledo, David Sanderson, Matt Spaeth, Kenneth Hendrickson, John Printz, Jeff TI Extent of Kentucky Bluegrass and Its Effect on Native Plant Species Diversity and Ecosystem Services in the Northern Great Plains of the United States SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; National Resources Inventory; restoration effort; scale of invasion; spatial extent ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; SOIL-STRUCTURE; MANAGEMENT; INVASION; QUALITY; LANDSCAPES; COMMUNITY; FIRE AB Kentucky bluegrass, a nonnative species, has invaded rangelands in the United States and is currently present in most rangelands across the Northern Great Plains. Despite its accelerated expansion, the consequences of Kentucky bluegrass on the diversity of native plant species and on ecosystem services remain largely unknown. We synthesized the available data related to Kentucky bluegrass and how it affects native plant diversity and ecosystem services. We found that invasion may bring negative consequences to ecosystem services, such as pollination, habitat for wildlife species, and alteration of nutrient and hydrologic cycles, among others. To maintain the flow of ecosystem goods and services from these rangeland ecosystems, range science must adapt to the challenge of introduced, cool-season grass dominance in mixed-grass prairie. Based on our findings, we identify research needs that address ecosystem changes brought on by Kentucky bluegrass invasion and the corresponding effects these changes have on ecosystem services. We are dealing with novel ecosystems, and until we have better answers, adaptive management strategies that use the best available information need to be developed to adapt to the invasion of this pervasive invasive species. C1 [Toledo, David; Sanderson, Matt; Hendrickson, John] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Spaeth, Kenneth] USDA, Cent Natl Technol Support Ctr, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. [Printz, Jeff] USDA, North Dakota State Off, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Bismarck, ND 58502 USA. RP Toledo, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM david.toledo@ars.usda.gov FU Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) - USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service; Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) - Agricultural Research Service FX We would like to thank the Associate Editor and 3 anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions and contributions to this paper. This work was supported by funds from a Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) jointly funded by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Agricultural Research Service. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 50 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 EI 1939-747X J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 7 IS 4 BP 543 EP 552 DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-14-00029.1 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AX7KU UT WOS:000347095800001 ER PT J AU Johnson, DD Davies, KW AF Johnson, Dustin D. Davies, Kirk W. TI Effects of Integrating Mowing and Imazapyr Application on African Rue (Peganum harmala) and Native Perennial Grasses SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Invasive plants; sagebrush steppe; weeds ID SAGEBRUSH PLANT-COMMUNITIES; THISTLE CIRSIUM-ARVENSE; WATER-DEFICIT STRESS; VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS; SPECIES ABUNDANCE; EUPHORBIA-ESULA; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; HERBICIDES; GLYPHOSATE AB African rue is a poisonous, perennial forb that readily invades salt-desert shrub and sagebrush-steppe rangelands. Information detailing options for integrated management of African rue is lacking. To date, a few studies have researched the efficacy of different herbicides for controlling African rue, but none have investigated integrated approaches to its management. Broadcast applications of imazapyr at three rates (0.275, 0.55, and 0.85 kg ae ha(-1)) were made, with and without a prior mowing treatment, to African rue when it was in full bloom. Imazapyr resulted in significant reductions in both the cover and density of African rue, regardless of application rate or mowing treatment (P < 0.05). Mowing had no effect on African rue cover or density (P > 0.05). Higher rates of imazapyr resulted in significant reductions in the cover of native perennial bunchgrasses (P < 0.05), whereas the low rate did not affect perennial grass cover, regardless of mowing treatment (P < 0.05). Integrating a mowing treatment with imazapyr applications was less effective for controlling African rue than applying herbicide alone. Mowing before imazapyr application did not increase survival of perennial grasses. Our results suggest that the recommended rate of imazapyr for controlling African rue (0.85 kg ae h(-1)) could be reduced by as much as one-third on dry floodplain ecological sites within the northern Great Basin without comprising its effectiveness for controlling African rue. This lower rate would reduce nontarget damage to native perennial grasses, which are the dominant functional group in the herbaceous understory. Less damage to native perennial grasses would probably accelerate understory recovery and help prevent invasion by other invasive species. C1 [Johnson, Dustin D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Burns, OR 97720 USA. ARS, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Johnson, DD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM dustin.johnson@oregonstate.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 22 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 EI 1939-747X J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 7 IS 4 BP 617 EP 623 DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-13-00019.1 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AX7KU UT WOS:000347095800008 ER PT J AU Thompson, JL Zack, RS Crabo, L Landolt, PJ AF Thompson, Jessica L. Zack, Richard S. Crabo, Lars Landolt, Peter J. TI Survey of macromoths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of a Palouse prairie remnant site in eastern Washington State SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Erebidae; Noctuidae; Kramer site; biodiversity ID SHORE FLIES DIPTERA; RICAN DRY FOREST; NORTH-AMERICA; DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES; INDICATORS; EPHYDRIDAE AB In its broadest sense, The Palouse or Palouse prairie is an ecoregion consisting primarily of native grasses, shrubs, and forbs that originally covered over 16,000 km(2) of central Idaho, southeastern Washington, and northeastern Oregon. It is estimated that only 1-6% of this habitat remains with much of it having been converted to agriculture. The Kramer Palouse Natural Area is a relatively undisturbed, 11.7-ha remnant of Palouse prairie situated in Whitman County, Washington. During 2004-05 we conducted a light-trapping and hand-netting survey of a set of families of moths, collectively referred to as macromoths, on the Kramer site. The purpose of this study was to document the biological diversity of moths occurring on the site. This paper reports on just over 5,100 specimens and 150 species in 7 families: Cossidae (usually considered a micromoth - one species), Thyatiridae (one species) Lasiocampidae (one species), Notodontidae (three species), Sphingidae (five species), Erebidae (14 species), and Noctuidae (125 species). We collected no Nolidae or Euteliidae and, although Geometridae are considered macromoths, they are not discussed in this paper. Seasonal and subjective abundance information is presented for all species. Although no species of strict conservation concern were collected, our study indicates that remaining areas of Palouse prairie are able to support a significant species diversity of macromoths, which are otherwise uncommon in surrounding areas, and probably represent an ancestral fauna. C1 [Thompson, Jessica L.; Zack, Richard S.; Crabo, Lars] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, MT James Entomol Collect, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Landolt, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Zack, RS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, MT James Entomol Collect, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM zack@wsu.edu NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 EI 2162-0237 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 90 IS 4 BP 191 EP 204 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AY0DI UT WOS:000347267600004 ER PT J AU Odero, DC Shaner, DL AF Odero, Dennis C. Shaner, Dale L. TI Field Dissipation of Atrazine and Metribuzin in Organic Soils in Florida SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dissipation; enhanced degradation; organic soil ID TRIAZINONE HERBICIDE METAMITRON; ARTHROBACTER-AURESCENS TC1; ACCELERATED DEGRADATION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; ENHANCED DEGRADATION; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; SUBSURFACE SOIL; PSEUDOMONAS SP; MINERALIZATION; HISTORY AB Sugarcane growers have observed reduced residual activity of atrazine on organic soils in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) of south Florida. Field studies were conducted between 2011 and 2012 to determine the rate of dissipation of atrazine at 2.24, 4.48, and 8.96 kg ha(-1) and metribuzin at 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg ha(-1) in the top 10 cm of soil in sugarcane fields in the EAA. The bioavailable fraction of atrazine dissipated more rapidly than the total amount of atrazine in the soil. Half-lives of the total and bioavailable fraction of atrazine ranged between 3.9 to 12.1 d and 1.0 to 7.5 d, respectively. Metribuzin dissipated much more slowly than atrazine on organic soils. Similarly, dissipation of the bioavailable fraction of metribuzin was more rapid than was the dissipation of the total amount of metribuzin in the soil. Half-lives of the total and bioavailable fraction of metribuzin ranged between 16.2 and 24.8 d and 6.0 and 14.3 d, respectively. These results indicate that enhanced atrazine degradation occurs on organic soils under field conditions in the EAA, resulting in shorter residual atrazine activity. This implies that metribuzin is a better option for weed control in sugarcane grown on organic soils of the EAA exhibiting enhanced atrazine degradation. C1 [Odero, Dennis C.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. USDA ARS, Water Management Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Odero, DC (reprint author), Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. EM dcodero@ufl.edu FU Florida Sugarcane League Inc., Washington, DC 20004 FX This project was funded by the Florida Sugarcane League Inc., Washington, DC 20004. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 28 IS 4 BP 578 EP 586 DI 10.1614/WT-D-13-00163.1 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AX7FQ UT WOS:000347082700002 ER PT J AU Williams, MM Nelson, RL AF Williams, Martin M., II Nelson, Randall L. TI Vegetable Soybean Tolerance to Bentazon, Fomesafen, Imazamox, Linuron, and Sulfentrazone SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crop injury; edamame; herbicide tolerance; minor crop ID GLYCINE-MAX; HERBICIDES AB Poor weed control, resulting from limited herbicide availability and undeveloped integrated weed management systems, is a major hurdle to production of vegetable soybean in the United States. Vegetable soybean, the same species as grain-type soybean, has few registered herbicides because of unknown crop tolerance. Tolerance of as many as 128 vegetable soybean entries to a 2X registered rate of bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, and sulfentrazone were quantified within 4 wk after treatment in field trials. Several grain-type soybean entries were included for comparison, including entries with known herbicide tolerance or sensitivity. Injury and seedling growth reduction to all vegetable entries was comparable to all grain-type entries for fomesafen, linuron, and sulfentrazone; and less than all grain-type entries for bentazon and imazamox. Responses of ten of the more widely used vegetable soybean entries were comparable to grain-type entries with known herbicide tolerance. Bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, and sulfentrazone pose no greater risk of adverse crop response to vegetable soybean germplasm than the grain-type soybean to which they have been applied for years. Since initiation of this research, fomesafen, imazamox, and linuron are now registered for use on the crop in the United States. Development of integrated weed management systems for vegetable soybean would benefit from additional herbicide registrations. C1 [Williams, Martin M., II] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Williams, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mmwillms@illinois.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 24 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X EI 1550-2740 J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 28 IS 4 BP 601 EP 607 DI 10.1614/WT-D-14-00019.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AX7FQ UT WOS:000347082700005 ER PT J AU Brown, JW AF Brown, John W. TI A NEW SPECIES OF AMORBIA FROM THE MOUNTAINS OF NORTHWESTERN MEXICO (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Chihuahua; Durango; forewing pattern; genitalia; morphology; Sierra Madre Occidental AB Amorbia erinae, new species, is described and illustrated from the states of Durango and Chihuahua, Mexico. Superficially, the new species is highly divergent from its congeners, with a forewing pattern that features longitudinal bands of pale orange and cream, typical of toluicids that either feed on pine or occur in pine-dominated montane habitats, e.g., Eupinivora ponderosae Brown (Euliini. Cochylina), Argyrotaenia coconinana Brown & Cramer (Archipini), and Sparganothis bistriata Kearfott (Sparganothini). However, the absence of ocelli and features of the male and female genitalia convincingly place the new species in Amorbia. C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Brown, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM tortricidae.jwb@gmail.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 116 IS 4 BP 373 EP 377 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.373 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AX4HM UT WOS:000346894100001 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Graney, L AF Gagne, Raymond J. Graney, Lorraine TI PICEACECIS (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYLIDAE), A NEW GENUS FOR A NON-NATIVE PEST OF NORWAY SPRUCE FROM EUROPE AND ITS NORTH AMERICAN RELATIVE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Picea; Holarctic; Lasiopteridi; synonymy; new combinations AB Dasineura abietiperda (Henschel), a European pest of Norway spruce, Picea abies (Pinaceae), is reported as new to northeastern North America where the tree is widely planted and valued as an ornamental. Adult gall midges emerge in early spring, mate and deposit eggs on twigs or new shoots. The larvae burrow into tissue causing swellings to form under bud scales and less frequently along shoots or near the terminal bud. Larvae overwinter in the galls. Field symptoms include bent twigs or shoots, swellings in nodes and needle drop. A new genus, Piceacecis Gagne is described to include D. abietiperda and its North American relative, Phytophaga tsugae (Felt), which occurs on native American white spruce, Picea glauca. Both cecidomyiids are redescribed with illustrations. The names of both are new combinations in Piceacecis, and Phytophaga piceae Felt is a new junior synonym of Piceacecis tsugae. In the past these synonyms have been combined also with Mayetiola. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] USDA ARS, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Graney, Lorraine] Bartlett Tree Res Lab, Charlotte, NC 28278 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; lgraney@bartlett.com NR 30 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 116 IS 4 BP 378 EP 393 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.378 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AX4HM UT WOS:000346894100002 ER PT J AU Schender, D Katz, K Gates, MW AF Schender, Danielle Katz, Keziah Gates, Michael W. TI REVIEW OF HYPERIMERUS (PTEROMALIDAE: ASAPHINAE) IN NORTH AMERICA, WITH REDESCRIPTION OF HYPERIMERUS CORVUS (GIRAULT) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Review DE Chalcidoidea; parasitoid; Valles Caldera; New Mexico ID HYMENOPTERA AB The two North American species of Hyperimerus Girault are reviewed. Hyperimerus corvus Girault is redescribed from a newly designated lectotype, and the male is described for the first time. H. pusillus (Walker) is also redescribed briefly and new locality records provided to document range extension. Notes on extralimital specimens of Hyperimerus from Guatemala, Japan, South Korea, Thailand are also provided. C1 [Schender, Danielle] George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Katz, Keziah] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gates, Michael W.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Schender, D (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM dschende@gmu.edu; kdkatz@rams.colostate.edu; michael.gates@ars.usda.gov OI Katz, Keziah/0000-0003-1205-7197 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 116 IS 4 BP 408 EP 420 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.408 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AX4HM UT WOS:000346894100005 ER PT J AU Woodley, NE AF Woodley, Norman E. TI TWO NEW SPECIES OF BRACHYODINA LINDNER FROM THE CARIBBEAN WITH A KEY TO SPECIES OF THE GENUS FROM THE REGION (DIPTERA: STRATIOMYIDAE: PACHYGASTRINAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE description; taxonomy; Neotropical Region; West Indies; Hispaniola; Cayman Islands AB Two new species of Brachyodina Lindner from the Caribbean are described, B. janestanleyae Wood ley, new species, from the Dominican Republic and B. caymanensis Wood ley, new species from Grand Cayman Island. A key to the species known from the Caribbean islands is provided. C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Woodley, NE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Smithsonian Inst,NHB-168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM norman.woodley@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 116 IS 4 BP 429 EP 440 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.116.4.429 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AX4HM UT WOS:000346894100007 ER PT J AU Tilley, DR Subramanyam, B Casada, ME Arthur, FH AF Tilley, Dennis R. Subramanyam, Bhadriraju Casada, Mark E. Arthur, Frank H. TI Stored-grain insect population commingling densities in wheat and corn from pilot-scale bucket elevator boots SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bucket elevators; Residual grain; Stored-grain insects; Sanitation; Integrated pest management ID WETTABLE POWDER; COLEOPTERA; CONCRETE; RESIDUES AB Grain elevator boot and pit areas facilitate the commingling of insects with the grain moving through the elevator leg. A removable boot was developed to facilitate residual grain removal and preservation in the boot and to quantify the commingling magnitude as a function of stored-product insect density. This study included two species that develop inside kernels, Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae, and three species that develop outside kernels, Tribolium castaneum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Cryptolestes ferrugineus. The removable boots were loaded with infested residual grain and remained undisturbed for 0, 8, 16, or 24 weeks (wk). After each time point, uninfested grain was transferred through the infested boot. The adult beetles that commingled with the clean grain were sifted and counted. Further, the commingled lots were examined after 8 wk for adult progeny. The insect densities in the infested bucket elevator leg boots affected the insect densities transferred through the elevator leg to other locations. The insect density in clean wheat or corn transferred over infested boots was 1 insect/kg immediately after transfer, but this density doubled in 8 wk. More internally developing insects were collected by the elevator buckets when the clean grain flowed over the infested grain compared with the externally developing insects. beta-Cyfluthrin application as a residual insecticide reduced the insect densities in the elevator boot, which consequently reduced the insect transfer to clean grain. Cleaning the bucket elevator boot area and applying residual insecticide monthly should minimize clean grain contamination. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tilley, Dennis R.; Casada, Mark E.; Arthur, Frank H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Subramanyam, Bhadriraju] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Casada, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM mark.casada@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.04.003 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6SB UT WOS:000346397600001 ER PT J AU Mankin, RW Hagstrum, DW Nansen, C Meikle, WG AF Mankin, Richard W. Hagstrum, David W. Nansen, Christian Meikle, William G. TI Almond moth oviposition patterns in continuous layers of peanuts SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cadra cautella; Spatial association; Aggregation; Morisita index; Variogram ID EPHESTIA-CAUTELLA WALKER; SPATIAL-PATTERN; COUNT DATA; LEPIDOPTERA; WAREHOUSE; PYRALIDAE; ECOLOGY; FOOD; POPULATION; MOVEMENT AB The spatial distribution of eggs laid over a 48-h period by individual female almond moths, Cadra cautella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), was examined in bioassays where peanuts covered either the center quarter (quarter-coverage) or the whole (whole-coverage) of a 120-cm square arena gridded into 3 by 3cm cells. The mean total of eggs laid in quarter-coverage bioassays was not significantly different from the mean in whole-coverage bioassays, i. e., neither food coverage limited oviposition. However, the maximum count of eggs laid in any cell was higher in whole- than in quarter-coverage bioassays, and eggs were more aggregated near edges of the arena in whole-coverage bioassays than near edges of the peanuts in quarter-coverage bioassays. In addition, eggs were aggregated near the release point where females initially encountered food cues. These results suggest that almond moth oviposition behavior in continuous areas of peanuts was similar to patterns observed previously for stored-product insect oviposition in small, scattered food patches. In both cases, females walked or flew between separate oviposition events where eggs were laid in small clumps or lines. Possible behaviors resulting in aggregations of eggs near edges of food, walls, boundaries, or entrances are discussed and implications for precision targeting of insects in food storage areas are considered. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mankin, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Hagstrum, David W.] USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Hagstrum, David W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Nansen, Christian] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Inst Agr, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Meikle, William G.] USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Richard.Mankin@ars.usda.gov OI Mankin, Richard/0000-0003-3369-8110 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.05.002 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6SB UT WOS:000346397600007 ER PT J AU Subramanyam, B Boina, DR Arthur, FH AF Subramanyam, Bhadriraju Boina, Dhana Raj Arthur, Frank H. TI Dispersion, efficacy, and persistence of dichlorvos aerosol against two flour beetle life stages in a mill SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dichlorvos; Aerosol distribution; Residual activity; Tribolium confusum; Tribolium castaneum ID STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS; SULFURYL FLUORIDE; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; UNITED-STATES; TENEBRIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; TOXICITY; FOOD; WAREHOUSE; IMPACT AB The dispersion, efficacy, and persistence of dichlorvos applied as an aerosol inside the Kansas State University pilot flour mill was evaluated based on responses of adults of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum, and pupae of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, during and after application. Dichlorvos was applied at the highest labeled rate of 0.35 g/m(3). Concrete arenas with or without different life stages of the two species were placed in open, obstructed, and concealed mill locations during aerosol application. Knockdown and mortality of T. confusum adults was 99-100% and mortality of T castaneum pupae was 97-100% in open and obstructed mill locations, indicating uniform dispersion of dichlorvos. In concealed locations, knockdown and mortality of T confusum adults and mortality of T castaneum pupae was 85-94%, indicating effective dispersion of dichlorvos into pieces of equipment. Holding insects directly exposed to dichlorvos for an additional 24 h in the same arenas did not increase knockdown or mortality. Exposure to dichlorvos residues aged for an additional 24 h on concrete resulted in moderate to poor knockdown and/or mortality of Tribolium spp. suggesting lack of residual activity. Results show dichlorvos will give immediate kill of exposed insects but will not offer effective residual control. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Subramanyam, Bhadriraju; Boina, Dhana Raj] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Arthur, Frank H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Subramanyam, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM sbhadrir@ksu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions Program [2010-511-02-21660] FX The authors thank Monika Brijwani for technical assistance, and the Industrial Fumigant Company, LLC, Lenexa, KS, USA, for making the dichlorvos aerosol applications in the flour mill. Research reported here was partially supported by a grant from the United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions Program under agreement number 2010-511-02-21660. We thank Dr. Kun Yan Zhu for reviewing the paper prior to journal submission. This paper is contribution number 13-224-J of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 BP 96 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.05.005 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6SB UT WOS:000346397600014 ER PT J AU Hossain, F Lacroix, M Salmieri, S Vu, K Follett, PA AF Hossain, Farah Lacroix, Monique Salmieri, Stephane Vu, Khanh Follett, Peter A. TI Basil oil fumigation increases radiation sensitivity in adult Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sitophilus oryzae; Basil oil; Ionizing radiation; Radiation sensitivity; Phytosanitary treatment ID PRODUCT INSECT PESTS; GAMMA-RADIATION; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; MEDICINAL-PLANTS; FLOUR BEETLE; RICE WEEVIL; IRRADIATION; PROTECTANTS; CONFUSUM AB The biological activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) oil vapor was tested against the stored product pest rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Adult weevils were exposed to seven different concentrations of basil oil ranging from 0.12 mu l/ml-0.60 mu l/ml in Petri dishes and mortality was assessed at 3, 4 and 5 d post treatment. Mortality increased with increasing exposure time and basil oil concentration. At 3, 4 and 5 d post treatment, the LC50 values were 8.14, 6.50 and 4.91 mu l/ml of basil oil, respectively. S. oryzae was also exposed to 0.12 or 0.24 mu l/ml basil oil and irradiated at 20, 40, 60, 80,100 or 120 Gy in Petri dishes before mortality assessment at 5 d post treatment. The effectiveness of irradiation treatment against S. oryzae was enhanced by exposure to basil oil. S. oryzae exposed to 0.12 and 0.24 mu l/ml of basil oil were 4.1 and 5.3 times more sensitive to irradiation, respectively, compared to control weevils treated only with irradiation. The effect of basil oil and irradiation on mortality was synergistic when used in combination against S. oryzae in packaged rice. The type of rice package affected treatment efficacy. In paper rice packages, 78% mortality was observed with 2.5 mu l/ml basil oil and a radiation dose of 200 Gy at 5 d post treatment. In plastic packages, 100% mortality was achieved with 0.83 mu l/ml basil oil and a radiation dose of 200 Gy at 5 d post treatment. Basil oil has potential as a synergist to lower the radiation dose required to control phytosanitary pests. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hossain, Farah; Lacroix, Monique; Salmieri, Stephane; Vu, Khanh] INRA, Inst Armand Frappier, Canadian Irradiat Ctr, Res Labs Sci Appl Food, Laval, PQ H7V 1B7, Canada. [Follett, Peter A.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Follett, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM peter.follett@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The authors are grateful to Dr. Paul Fields from the Cereal Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg for providing the insects to start a Sitophilus oryzae colony. Nordion is also acknowledged for providing irradiation treatment services. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 BP 108 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.06.003 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6SB UT WOS:000346397600016 ER PT J AU Diaz-Montano, J Campbell, JF Flinn, PW Throne, JE AF Diaz-Montano, John Campbell, James F. Flinn, Paul W. Throne, James E. TI Distribution of three psocid species (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) in different moisture gradients in wheat SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stored products; Liposcelis bostrychophila; Liposcelis entomophila; Liposcelis brunnea; Moisture preferences ID STORED-PRODUCT PSOCIDS; BOSTRYCHOPHILA PSOCOPTERA; POPULATION-GROWTH; TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; BADONNEL PSOCOPTERA; GRAIN PROTECTANTS; ENTOMOPHILA; PHOSPHINE; EFFICACY; INSECTICIDES AB Psocids can cause considerable economic losses to stored products by direct feeding, and they have become global pests during the last two decades. We studied the distribution of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae), Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein), and Liposcelis brunnea Motschulsky in different moisture gradients (11-12-13%, 11-13-15%, and 13-14-15%) and a control (13-13-13%) in wheat using a circular metal arena, which has a removable metal divider that partitioned it into three rings (outer, middle and inner). Lipsocelis bostrychophila and L entomophila preferred grain with the highest moisture content in the different gradients evaluated. In general, populations of Liposcelis brunnea equally preferred grain with moisture contents greater than or equal to 13%. These results showed the moisture contents preferred for three of the main psocid pests of stored grains, and this could help in making better pest management decisions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Diaz-Montano, John; Campbell, James F.; Flinn, Paul W.; Throne, James E.] USDA ARS, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Diaz-Montano, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM john.diaz-montano@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 BP 172 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.07.006 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6SB UT WOS:000346397600026 ER PT J AU Paraginski, RT Vanier, NL Berrios, JD de Oliveira, M Elias, MC AF Paraginski, Ricardo Tadeu Vanier, Nathan Levien Berrios, Jose De Jesus de Oliveira, Mauricio Elias, Moacir Cardoso TI Physicochemical and pasting properties of maize as affected by storage temperature SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Zea mays L.; Preservation; Grain color; Protein solubility; Pasting properties ID MOISTURE CONTENTS; RICE FLOUR; ZEA-MAYS; CAROTENOIDS; PROTEIN AB Maize grains are used as raw material in various food products. In countries where the production is seasonal, the grains must be stored throughout the year in order to provide sufficient maize supply for the food industries and consumers. During storage, the environmental temperature is considered as one of the most critical variables that affects grain quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various storage temperatures (5, 15, 25 and 35 degrees C) on the proximate composition, pH, fat acidity, percentage of grains infected by molds, grain color, protein solubility and pasting properties of maize stored for 12 months. Grains stored at 35 degrees C during the 12 months period showed the greatest decrease in grain yellowness, pH, protein solubility and breakdown viscosity. An increase in disulfide bonds within the protein structure and interaction between starch and non-starch components seems to be responsible for the changes in protein solubility and pasting properties determined in maize during the storage period. Fat acidity and the percentage of grains infected by visible molds were concluded to be very dependent of moisture content. The result of this study demonstrated that the minimum temperature of 5 degrees C was able to maintain the quality of maize stored for up 12 months. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Paraginski, Ricardo Tadeu; Vanier, Nathan Levien; de Oliveira, Mauricio; Elias, Moacir Cardoso] Univ Fed Pelotas, Dept Agroind Sci & Technol, BR-96010900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Vanier, Nathan Levien; Berrios, Jose De Jesus] USDA ARS, Processed Foods Res Unit, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Vanier, NL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Processed Foods Res Unit, WRRC, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM nathanvanier@hotmail.com OI Vanier, Nathan/0000-0001-6592-3023 FU CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior); CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico); FAPERGS (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul); SCT-RS (Secretaria da Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul); Polo de Inovacao Tecnologica em Alimentos da Regiao Sul FX We would like to thank CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior), CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico), FAPERGS (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul), SCT-RS (Secretaria da Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul) and Polo de Inovacao Tecnologica em Alimentos da Regiao Sul. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.02.010 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6SB UT WOS:000346397600032 ER PT J AU Yan, RJ Huang, Z Zhu, HK Johnson, JA Wang, SJ AF Yan, Rongjun Huang, Zhi Zhu, Hankun Johnson, Judy A. Wang, Shaojin TI Thermal death kinetics of adult Sitophilus oryzae and effects of heating rate on thermotolerance SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rice weevil; Heat treatment; Thermal death kinetics; Activation energy; Heating rate ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; POMONELLA L. LEPIDOPTERA; TRANSITELLA WALKER LEPIDOPTERA; RADIO-FREQUENCY TREATMENTS; CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; DOMINICA F COLEOPTERA; IN-SHELL WALNUTS; ESSENTIAL OILS; RICE WEEVIL; TEPHRITIDAE AB Information on thermal death kinetics of targeted stored insects under different heating conditions is essential for developing postharvest disinfestation treatment protocols. Using a heating block system, the thermal death kinetics of adult rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), were determined at temperatures from 44 to 50 degrees C at 2 degrees C intervals and a heating rate of 5 degrees C/min. The effects of heating rates (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 degrees C/min) on mortality were also examined. The results showed that thermal death curves of S. oryzae followed a 0-order kinetic reaction model. The required holding times for achieving 100% mortality were 130, 50, 12, and 4 min at 44, 46, 48, and 50 degrees C, respectively. The activation energy for killings. oryzae was 505 kJ/mol and the z value obtained from the thermal-death-time curve was 3.9 degrees C. Insect mortality after a 20 min exposure to 46 degrees C at low heating rates (0.1 or 0.5 degrees C/min) was significantly lower than that at high heating rates (1-10 degrees C/min). The information provided by thermal death kinetics for S. oryzae is useful in developing effective postharvest thermal treatment protocols. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yan, Rongjun; Huang, Zhi; Zhu, Hankun; Wang, Shaojin] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Johnson, Judy A.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Wang, Shaojin] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wang, SJ (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM shaojinwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU General Program of National Natural Science Foundation in China [_501100001809, 31371853]; Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education in China [20120204110022] FX This research was supported by research grants from General Program of National Natural Science Foundation in China (_501100001809) (No. 31371853) and Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education in China (20120204110022). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 BP 231 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2014.03.006 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6SB UT WOS:000346397600035 ER PT J AU Bull, CT Goldman, PH Martin, KJ AF Bull, Carolee T. Goldman, Polly H. Martin, Kendall J. TI Novel primers and PCR protocols for the specific detection and quantification of Sphingobium suberifaciens in situ SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Sphingomonas; Rhizomonas; Quantitative PCR; Real time PCR; Rhizorhapis ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; CORKY ROOT; RHIZOMONAS-SUBERIFACIENS; LETTUCE; SPHINGOMONAS; RESISTANCE; DISEASES; FLORIDA; LOSSES AB The pathogen causing corky root on lettuce, Sphingobium suberifaciens, is recalcitrant to standard epidemiological methods. Primers were developed from 16S rDNA sequences to be useful for the specific detection and quantification of S. suberifaciens. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) protocols specifically amplified DNA from the type strain of S. suberifaciens (LMG 17323) and other members of this species but not from other members of the Sphingomonadaceae. The detection limit was as little as 100 fg DNA (equivalent to 2 x 10(2) cells) in the qPCR. Detection was successful from soils inoculated with as little as 1 x 10(3) CFU/g soil. DNA isolated from naturally infested soils and diseased lettuce roots was amplified and sequenced fragments were identical or nearly identical to 16S rDNA sequences from S. suberifaciens. In growth chamber experiments, there was a positive correlation between disease severity and S. suberifaciens population levels in roots and soil, as detected by qPCR. Detection levels were below population levels of the pathogen necessary for disease development. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bull, Carolee T.; Goldman, Polly H.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Martin, Kendall J.] William Paterson Univ, Dept Biol, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA. RP Bull, CT (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Carolee.Bull@ars.usda.gov OI Martin, Kendall/0000-0003-4833-4301 FU California Leafy Greens Research Program FX The authors thank Drs. Gilda Rauscher and Pedro Uribe for technical advice. Funding for this work was provided in part by the California Leafy Greens Research Program. The authors appreciate the gift of DNA for S. boekii from J. Overmann. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 28 IS 5-6 BP 211 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.03.001 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA AW7QW UT WOS:000346460600001 PM 24647265 ER PT J AU Stone, NE Olafson, PU Davey, RB Buckmeier, G Bodine, D Sidak-Loftis, LC Giles, JR Duhaime, R Miller, RJ Mosqueda, J Scoles, GA Wagner, DM Busch, JD AF Stone, Nathan E. Olafson, Pia U. Davey, Ronald B. Buckmeier, Greta Bodine, Deanna Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C. Giles, John R. Duhaime, Roberta Miller, Robert J. Mosqueda, Juan Scoles, Glen A. Wagner, David M. Busch, Joseph D. TI Multiple mutations in the para-sodium channel gene are associated with pyrethroid resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus from the United States and Mexico SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Bovine babesiosis; Para-sodium channel gene; Pyrethroid resistance; Rhipicephalus microplus; Rhipicephalus annulatus; Super-kdr ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CATTLE FEVER TICKS; BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; ACARICIDE RESISTANCE; KNOCKDOWN RESISTANCE; HAEMATOBIA-IRRITANS; FIELD POPULATIONS; HORN FLIES; IXODIDAE; KDR AB Background: Acaricide resistant Rhipicephalus microplus populations have become a major problem for many cattle producing areas of the world. Pyrethroid resistance in arthropods is typically associated with mutations in domains I, II, III, and IV of voltage-gated sodium channel genes. In R. microplus, known resistance mutations include a domain II change (C190A) in populations from Australia, Africa, and South America and a domain III mutation (T2134A) that only occurs in Mexico and the U.S. Methods: We investigated pyrethroid resistance in cattle fever ticks from Texas and Mexico by estimating resistance levels in field-collected ticks using larval packet discriminating dose (DD) assays and identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the para-sodium channel gene that associated with resistance. We then developed qPCR assays for three SNPs and screened a larger set of 1,488 R. microplus ticks, representing 77 field collections and four laboratory strains, for SNP frequency. Results: We detected resistance SNPs in 21 of 68 U.S. field collections and six of nine Mexico field collections. We expected to identify the domain III SNP (T2134A) at a high frequency; however, we only found it in three U.S. collections. A much more common SNP in the U.S. (detected in 19 of 21 field collections) was the C190A domain II mutation, which has never before been reported from North America. We also discovered a novel domain II SNP (T170C) in ten U.S. and two Mexico field collections. The T170C transition mutation has previously been associated with extreme levels of resistance (super-knockdown resistance) in insects. We found a significant correlation (r = 0.81) between the proportion of individuals in field collections that carried any two resistance SNPs and the percent survivorship of F1 larvae from these collections in DD assays. This relationship is accurately predicted by a simple linear regression model (R-2 = 0.6635). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that multiple mutations in the para-sodium channel gene independently associate with pyrethroid resistance in R. microplus ticks, which is likely a consequence of human-induced selection. C1 [Stone, Nathan E.; Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C.; Wagner, David M.; Busch, Joseph D.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Olafson, Pia U.; Buckmeier, Greta; Bodine, Deanna] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Giles, John R.] ARS, USDA, SPA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Duhaime, Roberta] USDA APHIS, Vet Serv, Austin, TX 78701 USA. [Mosqueda, Juan] Univ Autonoma Queretaro, Juriquilla 76230, Queretaro, Mexico. [Scoles, Glen A.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Busch, JD (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, 1298 S Knoles Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Joseph.Busch@nau.edu FU USDA-NIFA [2010-65104-20386] FX We thank USDA-APHIS mounted patrol inspectors for collecting field samples used in this study. We are grateful to Mr. Ed Bowers, Director of Field Operations (CFTEP), for providing field records of infested properties and valuable insight into the eradication program. We thank Michael G. Moses for cycling and maintaining tick strains and Laurence D. Krska for conducting the larval packet DD assays used in this study. This work was supported by USDA-NIFA award 2010-65104-20386. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 456 DI 10.1186/s13071-014-0456-z PG 14 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AX3XW UT WOS:000346870000001 PM 25266983 ER PT J AU Webster, TM Grey, TL AF Webster, Theodore M. Grey, Timothy L. TI Halosulfuron Reduced Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Tuber Production and Viability SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Methyl bromide alternative; perennial weed management; vegetables ID WATERMELON CITRULLUS-LANATUS; WEED MANAGEMENT; METHYL-BROMIDE; SOIL FUMIGANTS; ESCULENTUS; GROWTH; POSTEMERGENCE; GLYPHOSATE; MULCH; INTERFERENCE AB Weeds persist and cause economic losses in agricultural systems because they exploit underused portions of that system. Reducing the effect of weeds on agroecosystems begins with minimizing the number of propagules (e.g., seeds and tubers) that are produced and returned to the soil. Purple nutsedge is a problematic weed around the globe, persisting between growing seasons as tubers in the soil. Halosulfuron is an effective herbicide for controlling purple nutsedge foliage and is used in corn and several vegetable crops. Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of various rates of halosulfuron on purple nutsedge tuber production. Single, presprouted purple nutsedge tubers were transplanted into outdoor microplots and treated after 6 wk of growth with six rates of halosulfuron (7 to 208 g ai ha(-1)) POST with a nontreated control (NTC). All shoots that had emerged at the time of application were marked with plastic rings; this allowed for classification of tubers at exhumation of (1) tubers attached to shoots that had emerged by the time of application, (2) tubers attached to shoots that emerged after application, and (3) tubers without an aerial shoot during the study. Seven weeks after application, the tubers in the microplots were exhumed and tubers were classified, quantified, and their ability to sprout was evaluated. In the NTC, there were 530 total tubers, with a log-logistic regression model describing the tuber population with increasing halosulfuron rate. The rate of halosulfuron that reduced total tuber population 50% (I-50) was 8 g ha(-1). In the NTC, 200 tubers were attached to shoots that emerged following halosulfuron application, and this class of tubers had an I-50 of 19 g ha(-1). Viability of tubers with shoots that emerged following halosulfuron application was 28% at the 52 g ha 21 halosulfuron, suggesting the action of the herbicide may have rendered the tuber nonviable after new shoots were produced. The final classification of tubers was those that did not have an aerial shoot during the study. These were tubers in which apical dominance suppressed shoot development or were likely the most-recent tubers to develop. Of the three classes, the tubers without shoots were the most numerous in the NTC, with 294 tubers and an I-50 of 1 g ha(-1). Halosulfuron is an effective herbicide that not only controls purple nutsedge foliage but also reduces the number of new tubers produced and overall tuber viability. This could be an important component to reduce the long-term population density of the weed. C1 [Webster, Theodore M.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Webster, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM ted.webster@ars.usda.gov RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 62 IS 4 BP 637 EP 646 DI 10.1614/WS-D-14-00032.1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW6ES UT WOS:000346362900009 ER PT J AU Ward, SM Cousens, RD Bagavathiannan, MV Barney, JN Beckie, HJ Busi, R Davis, AS Dukes, JS Forcella, F Freckleton, RP Gallandt, ER Hall, LM Jasieniuk, M Lawton-Rauh, A Lehnhoff, EA Liebman, M Maxwell, BD Mesgaran, MB Murray, JV Neve, P Nunez, MA Pauchard, A Queenborough, SA Webber, BL AF Ward, Sarah M. Cousens, Roger D. Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V. Barney, Jacob N. Beckie, Hugh J. Busi, Roberto Davis, Adam S. Dukes, Jeffrey S. Forcella, Frank Freckleton, Robert P. Gallandt, Eric R. Hall, Linda M. Jasieniuk, Marie Lawton-Rauh, Amy Lehnhoff, Erik A. Liebman, Matt Maxwell, Bruce D. Mesgaran, Mohsen B. Murray, Justine V. Neve, Paul Nunez, Martin A. Pauchard, Anibal Queenborough, Simon A. Webber, Bruce L. TI Agricultural Weed Research: A Critique and Two Proposals SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Invasion biology; weed science; weed technology ID SCIENCE RESEARCH; EVOLUTION; PLANT; FUTURE; INVASION AB Two broad aims drive weed science research: improved management and improved understanding of weed biology and ecology. In recent years, agricultural weed research addressing these two aims has effectively split into separate subdisciplines despite repeated calls for greater integration. Although some excellent work is being done, agricultural weed research has developed a very high level of repetitiveness, a preponderance of purely descriptive studies, and has failed to clearly articulate novel hypotheses linked to established bodies of ecological and evolutionary theory. In contrast, invasive plant research attracts a diverse cadre of nonweed scientists using invasions to explore broader and more integrated biological questions grounded in theory. We propose that although studies focused on weed management remain vitally important, agricultural weed research would benefit from deeper theoretical justification, a broader vision, and increased collaboration across diverse disciplines. To initiate change in this direction, we call for more emphasis on interdisciplinary training for weed scientists, and for focused workshops and working groups to develop specific areas of research and promote interactions among weed scientists and with the wider scientific community. C1 [Ward, Sarah M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Cousens, Roger D.; Mesgaran, Mohsen B.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Resource Management & Geog, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Barney, Jacob N.] Virginia Tech, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Beckie, Hugh J.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada. [Busi, Roberto] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Davis, Adam S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Forcella, Frank] USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Freckleton, Robert P.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Gallandt, Eric R.] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Hall, Linda M.] Univ Edmonton, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. [Jasieniuk, Marie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lawton-Rauh, Amy] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Lehnhoff, Erik A.; Maxwell, Bruce D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Liebman, Matt] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Murray, Justine V.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci & Water Hlth Country Flagship, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Neve, Paul] Rothamsted Res, Weed Ecol, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Nunez, Martin A.] CRUB UN Comahue, Lab Ecotono, INIBIOMA CONICET, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Pauchard, Anibal] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Concepcion, Chile. [Queenborough, Simon A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Webber, Bruce L.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia. RP Ward, SM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sarah.ward@colostate.edu RI Pauchard, Anibal/B-5034-2008; Webber, Bruce/C-1057-2009; Neve, Paul/P-8726-2015; Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009; OI Pauchard, Anibal/0000-0003-1284-3163; Webber, Bruce/0000-0001-5934-6557; Neve, Paul/0000-0002-3136-5286; Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743; Freckleton, Robert/0000-0002-8338-864X; Lawton-Rauh, Amy/0000-0003-4610-7367; Barney, Jacob/0000-0003-2949-5003; Mesgaran, Mohsen/0000-0002-0841-6188 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; Rural Industries Research Development Corporation, Australia FX We gratefully acknowledge the Mott Foundation for hosting our workshop at the B-Bar Ranch, Montana, and financial support for the workshop from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Rural Industries Research Development Corporation, Australia. We thank Mike Williams for moderating the workshop and the B-Bar staff for their generous hospitality. We also thank Joe DiTomaso, Claudio Ghersa, and Santiago Poggio for their valuable contributions to the discussions at the workshop. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 40 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 EI 1550-2759 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 2014 VL 62 IS 4 BP 672 EP 678 DI 10.1614/WS-D-13-00161.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW6ES UT WOS:000346362900013 ER PT J AU Liu, QQ Li, XL Rooney, AP Du, ZJ Chen, GJ AF Liu, Qian-Qian Li, Xiao-Li Rooney, Alejandro P. Du, Zong-Jun Chen, Guan-Jun TI Tangfeifania diversioriginum gen. nov., sp nov., a representative of the family Draconibacteriaceae SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMB. NOV; FAM. NOV; RECLASSIFICATION; SEDIMENT; PROPOSAL AB A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, non-motile and pink-pigmented bacterium, designated G22(T), was isolated from Gahai, a saltwater lake in Qinghai province, China. Optimal growth occurred at 33-35 degrees C, pH 7.0-7.5, and in the presence of 2-4% (w/v) NaCl. The DNA G+C content was 40.0 mol%. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and three unknown lipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C-15:0, anteiso-C-15:0, iso-C-17:0 3-OH and iso-C-15:0 3-OH, and MK-7 was the main respiratory quinone. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain G22(T) fell within the class Bacteroidia. Its closest phylogenetic neighbour was the recently described species Draconibacterium orientale, the sole member of the family Draconibacteriaceae, with merely 90.04% sequence similarity. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence observed, a novel species in a new genus, Tangfeifania diversioriginum gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed within the family Draconibacteriaceae. The type strain is G22(T) (=CICC 10587(T)=DSM 27063(T)). C1 [Liu, Qian-Qian; Li, Xiao-Li; Du, Zong-Jun; Chen, Guan-Jun] Shandong Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Weihai 264209, Peoples R China. [Rooney, Alejandro P.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Du, Zong-Jun; Chen, Guan-Jun] Shandong Univ, State key Lab Microbial Technol, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. RP Du, ZJ (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Weihai 264209, Peoples R China. EM duzongjun@sdu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31370057, 31290231]; National Science and Technology Major Project of China [2013ZX10004217]; China Ocean Mineral Resources R & D Association (COMRA) Special Foundation [DY125-15-T-05] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370057, 31290231), National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2013ZX10004217), and the China Ocean Mineral Resources R & D Association (COMRA) Special Foundation (DY125-15-T-05). NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 64 BP 3473 EP 3477 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.066902-0 PN 10 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AU8BN UT WOS:000345821800022 PM 25048210 ER PT J AU Johnson, CN Whitehead, TR Cotta, MA Rhoades, RE Lawson, PA AF Johnson, Crystal N. Whitehead, Terence R. Cotta, Michael A. Rhoades, Robert E. Lawson, Paul A. TI Peptoniphilus stercorisuis sp nov., isolated from a swine manure storage tank and description of Peptoniphilaceae fam. nov. SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A species of a previously unknown Gram-positive-staining, anaerobic, coccus-shaped bacterium recovered from a swine manure storage tank was characterized using phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and molecular taxonomic methods. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies and biochemical characteristics demonstrated that this organism is genotypically and phenotypically distinct, and represents a previously unknown sub-line within the order Clostridiales, within the phylum Firmicutes. Pairwise sequence analysis demonstrated that the novel organism clustered within the genus Peptoniphilus, most closely related to Peptoniphilus methioninivorax sharing a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 95.5%. The major long-chain fatty acids were found to be C-14:0 (22.4 %), C-16:0 (15.6 %) C-16:1 omega 7C (11.3 %) and C-16:0 ALDE (10.1 %) and the DNA G + C content was 31.8 mol%. Based upon the phenotypic and phylogenetic findings presented, a novel species Peptoniphilus stercorisuis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SF-S1(T) (=DSM 27563(T)=NBRC 109839(T)). In addition, it is proposed to accommodate the genera Peptoniphilus, Anaerococcus, Anaerosphaera, Finegoldia, Gallicola, Helcococcus, Murdochiella and Parvimonas in a new family of the order Clostridiales, for which the name Peptoniphilaceae fam. nov. is proposed; the type genus of the family is Peptoniphilus. C1 [Johnson, Crystal N.; Rhoades, Robert E.; Lawson, Paul A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Whitehead, Terence R.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lawson, Paul A.] Univ Oklahoma, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Program, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Lawson, PA (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM paul.lawson@ou.edu NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 64 BP 3538 EP 3545 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.058941-0 PN 10 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AU8BN UT WOS:000345821800033 PM 25056296 ER PT J AU Nascimento, EM Medeiros, RMT Lee, ST Riet-Correa, F AF Nascimento, Eduardo M. Medeiros, Rosane M. T. Lee, Stephen T. Riet-Correa, Franklin TI Poisoning by Poiretia punctata in cattle and sheep SO PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA LA English DT Article DE Poisonous plants; Poiretia punctata; plant poisoning; sheep; cattle AB Poiretia punctata (Willd.) Desv. was associated with cattle and sheep poisoning on nine farms in the State of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. The animals were found dead or died later after showing clinical signs for up to 18 hours. Two sheep that ingested 40g/kg body weight (g/kg) of fresh P punctata died three and eight hours after ingestion, respectively. Another sheep that ingested 40g/kg five days after plant collection showed mild clinical signs and recovered after 24 hours. Two sheep that received 20g/kg and another that ingested three daily doses of 20g/kg showed clinical signs, but recovered. Two cattle that ingested 20g/kg of the fresh plant exhibited clinical signs and recovered. The clinical observations of poisoning were depression, ataxia, loss of equilibrium, broad-based stance, head down, falls, mandibular trismus, opisthotonous, nystagmus, and recumbence. Significant gross and histologic lesions were not observed. Samples of P punctata were analyzed for nitrates, cyanogenic glycosides, and sodium monofluouracetate with negative results. It is concluded that P punctata is a toxic plant that caused death in cattle and sheep in the State of Sergipe. C1 [Nascimento, Eduardo M.; Medeiros, Rosane M. T.; Riet-Correa, Franklin] UFCG, Ctr Saude & Tecnol Rural STR, Hosp Vet, BR-58708410 Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. [Lee, Stephen T.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Nascimento, EM (reprint author), UFCG, Ctr Saude & Tecnol Rural STR, Hosp Vet, BR-58708410 Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. EM eduardoaquario@hotmail.com FU National Institute for Science and Technology forthe Control of Plant Poisonings, CNPq [573534/2008-0] FX This work was supported by National Institute for Science and Technology forthe Control of Plant Poisonings, CNPq, grant 573534/2008-0. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU REVISTA PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA PI RIO JANEIRO PA EMBRAPA-SAUDE ANIMAL, KM47 SEROPEDICA, 23851-970 RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SN 0100-736X EI 1678-5150 J9 PESQUI VET BRASIL JI Pesqui. Vet. Bras. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 10 BP 963 EP 966 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AW1UB UT WOS:000346074800007 ER PT J AU Murray, RE Walter, EL Doll, KM AF Murray, Rex E. Walter, Erin L. Doll, Kenneth M. TI Tandem Isomerization-Decarboxylation for Converting Alkenoic Fatty Acids into Alkenes SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE unsaturated fatty acid; decarboxylation; isomerization; octadecenoic acid; ruthenium carbonyl carboxylate; triruthenuium dodecacarbonyl ID LINEAR ALPHA-OLEFINS; CATALYTIC DEOXYGENATION; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; BIFUNCTIONAL CATALYST; METAL; COMPLEXES; RUTHENIUM; HYDROCARBONS; DEHYDRATION; CONVERSION AB We report a facile Ru-catalyzed route to alkenes from unsaturated fatty acids (alkenoic fatty acids) via readily accessible catalyst precursors, [Ru(CO)2RCO2](n) and Ru-3(CO)(12). The catalyst apparently functions in a tandem mode by dynamically isomerizing the positions of double bonds in an aliphatic chain and, subsequently, decarboxylating specific isomers with lower activation barriers. Substrates capable of tandem isomerization-decarboxylation processes (oleic acid, undecylenic acid) are readily converted to mixtures of alkenes. A catalytic cycle is proposed that relies on isomerization positioning double bonds proximate to the acid function to enable facile decarboxylation. To elucidate the proposed mechanistic pathway, substrates that do not undergo decarboxylation under these catalytic conditions (methyl oleate) are compared with those that cannot isomerize the position of unsaturation (cinnamic acid). Both were shown to be operational under these catalytic reaction conditions. Another illustrative comparison shows that the saturated octadecanoic acid is 28 times less reactive than the unsaturated counterpart when reacted using this precatalyst. C1 [Murray, Rex E.; Walter, Erin L.; Doll, Kenneth M.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Murray, Rex E.] Wayne State Coll, Dept Nat & Social Sci, Wayne, NE 68787 USA. RP Doll, KM (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Kenneth.Doll@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 4 IS 10 BP 3517 EP 3520 DI 10.1021/cs501019t PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AU6TS UT WOS:000345735200021 ER PT J AU Yan, L Combs, GF AF Yan, Lin Combs, Gerald F., Jr. TI Consumption of a high-fat diet abrogates inhibitory effects of methylseleninic acid on spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR-1; HUMAN PROSTATE-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; TUMOR-GROWTH; IN-VIVO; LIVER METASTASIS; CELL-ADHESION; VITAMIN-E; SELENIUM; OBESITY AB We investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with selenium on spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice were fed a low-fat diet or that diet modified with 45% of calories from corn oil and supplemented with 0 or 2.5 mg selenium/4029 kcal as methylseleninic acid. After 6 weeks, mice were each injected 2.5 x 10(5) Lewis lung carcinoma cells subcutaneously. The resulting primary tumor was removed surgically 10 days later; the experiment was terminated after an additional 10 days. High-fat feeding increased pulmonary metastases by 17% compared to the low-fat diet (P < 0.01). Selenium supplementation reduced the metastases by 11% compared to nonsupplemented controls (P < 0.05); the reduction was less for animals fed the high-fat diet (5%) than for those fed the low-fat diet (18%). Supplemental Se lowered plasma concentrations of proteases (urokinase plasminogen activator, P < 0.01; matrix metalloproteinase-9, P < 0.05) and angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, P < 0.01; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, P < 0.01) compared to nonsupplemented controls. High-fat feeding increased plasma concentrations of adipokines plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and leptin regardless of the level of dietary selenium; supplemental selenium lowered plasma concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P <= 0.05) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (P <= 0.05) in low-fat fed mice but not in high-fat fed mice. These results indicate that consumption of a high-fat diet abrogated the antimetastatic effects of selenium by increasing the expression of adipose-derived inflammatory cytokines. C1 [Yan, Lin; Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Yan, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM lin.yan@ars.usda.gov OI yan, lin/0000-0003-3646-6374 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5450-51000-045-00D] FX United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Research project 5450-51000-045-00D. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 EI 1460-2180 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 2014 VL 35 IS 10 BP 2308 EP 2313 DI 10.1093/carcin/bgu153 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AU8EY UT WOS:000345830400017 PM 25053624 ER PT J AU Diaz, GJ Almeida, LX Gardner, DR AF Diaz, Gonzalo J. Almeida, Leidy X. Gardner, Dale R. TI Effects of dietary Crotalaria pallida seeds on the health and performance of laying hens and evaluation of residues in eggs SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Crotalaria pallida; Pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Usaramine; Eggs; Laying hens ID PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; BROILER-CHICKENS; RETUSA; INTOXICATION; LIVESTOCK; MONOCROTALINE; AUSTRALIA; POULTRY; PLANTS; FOOD AB The effect of three dietary concentrations of Crotalaria pallida (C. pallida) seeds (0, 1, 2, and 3% w/w) of their normal diet were investigated in commercial laying hens during a 35 day feeding trial. All concentrations of C. pallida decreased body weight and feed intake (P < 0.05). Egg mass production and average egg weight were decreased by feeding of >= 2% pallida seeds (P < 0.05). All concentrations of C pallida increased relative lung weight and serum activity of ALT, AST and LDH (P < 0.05); 3% C. pallida seeds decreased liver weight (P < 0.05). Analysis of the C. pallida seeds for dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid content detected usaramine and its N-oxide at a total alkaloid concentration of 0.18% (dry weight). Usaramine was also detected in the eggs of all hens fed C. pallida seeds. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Diaz, Gonzalo J.; Almeida, Leidy X.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Toxicol Lab, Bogota, Colombia. [Gardner, Dale R.] USDA, ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Diaz, GJ (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Toxicol Lab, Bogota, Colombia. EM gjdiazg@unal.edu.co OI Diaz, Gonzalo/0000-0002-9858-0845 NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 EI 1532-2661 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 297 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.06.011 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AU7WN UT WOS:000345809300024 PM 25062989 ER PT J AU Lee, KW Lillehoj, HS Jang, SI Lee, SH AF Lee, Kyung-Woo Lillehoj, Hyun S. Jang, Seung I. Lee, Sung-Hyen TI Effects of salinomycin and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance and immune responses in broiler chickens SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bacillus subtilis; Salinomycin; Growth performance; Immunity; Cytokines; Broiler chickens ID DIRECT-FED MICROBIALS; EIMERIA-TENELLA; NECROTIC ENTERITIS; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; GANGRENOUS DERMATITIS; INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY; GENE-EXPRESSION; COCCIDIOSIS; VACCINATION; MICROFLORA AB The present study was undertaken to compare the effect of salinomycin and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum antibody levels against Clostridium spp. and Eimeria spp., and cytokine mRNA expression levels in broiler chickens raised in the used litter. Broiler chickens fed a diet containing salinomycin showed lower (P < 0.05) body weights compared with the control diet-fed counterparts. Serum nitric oxide levels were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated in chickens fed the B. subtilis-enriched diet compared with those on either the salinomycin-fed or control diet-fed chickens. None of the dietary treatments affected (P > 0.05) serum antibody levels against Clostridium pezfringens toxins. Both salinomycin and B. subtilis significantly lowered (P < 0.05) the serum levels of Eimeria-specific antibodies compared with the control group. Salinomycin, but not B. subtilis, significantly modulated (P < 0.05) the expression of cytokines encoding interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin10(IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (TNESF15) compared with the control group. In conclusion, dietary salinomycin and B. subtilis affected serum anticoccidial antibody and intestinal cytokine expression, but failed to improve growth performance in broiler chickens. Further study is warranted to investigate the mode of action of salinomycin on host immune response and growth performance in broiler chickens. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Kyung-Woo; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Jang, Seung I.; Lee, Sung-Hyen] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lee, Kyung-Woo] Konkuk Univ, Coll Anim Biosci & Technol, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Seoul 143701, South Korea. RP Lee, KW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kyungwoolee@konkuk.ac.kr OI Lee, Kyung-Woo/0000-0002-3533-7979 FU ARS-USDA [1265-32000-086015T]; Rural Development Administration, Korea [PJ010490]; ARS [1265-32000-097]; Danisco FX This project was supported in part by a Trust agreement established between ARS-USDA (#1265-32000-086015T), by the project 'Investigation of the functional activity and the development of functional foods of Allium hookeri (PJ010490)' of Rural Development Administration, Korea, and Danisco and partially by the ARS in house project 1265-32000-097. We thank Marjorie Nichols and Stacy O'Donnelle in the Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service for their technical assistance. We also thank Dr. Daniel A. Bautista in the Lasher Poultry Diagnostic Laboratory of University of Delaware, Dr. Gregory R. Siragusa in Danisco, and Dr. G. Donald Ritter in the Mountaire Farms for their help with the bird experiment. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 EI 1532-2661 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 304 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.07.021 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AU7WN UT WOS:000345809300025 PM 25135491 ER PT J AU Mateo-Sanchez, MC Cushman, SA Saura, S AF Mateo-Sanchez, M. C. Cushman, S. A. Saura, S. TI Connecting endangered brown bear subpopulations in the Cantabrian Range (north-western Spain) SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE brown bear; connectivity; animal movement; corridors; road defragmentation; landscape matrix permeability; UNICOR ID URSUS-ARCTOS; GENE FLOW; HABITAT AVAILABILITY; CIRCUIT-THEORY; GRIZZLY BEARS; GRAPH-THEORY; LANDSCAPE; CORRIDORS; CONSERVATION; POPULATION AB The viability of many species depends on functional connectivity of their populations through dispersal across broad landscapes. This is particularly the case for the endangered brown bear in north-western Spain, with a total population of about 200 individuals in two subpopulations that are separated by a wide gap with low permeability. Our goal in this paper is to use state-of-the-art connectivity modeling approaches to provide detailed and quantitative guidance for conservation planning efforts aimed at improving landscape permeability for brown bears in Spain, with a particular focus on alleviating the barrier effect of transportation infrastructure. We predicted a regional connectivity network for brown bear by combining a multiscale habitat suitability model with factorial least-cost path density analysis. We found that the current composition and configuration of the landscape considerably constrain brown bear movements, creating a narrow bottleneck that limits flow of individuals between the two subpopulations. We identified key locations along the predicted corridors where efforts to increase road and railway permeability should be prioritized. The results provide a foundation for the development of spatially optimal management strategies to enhance connectivity within and between the subpopulations and to mitigate the impact of potential barriers to movement. C1 [Mateo-Sanchez, M. C.] Tech Univ Madrid, EUIT Forestal, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Cushman, S. A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Saura, S.] Tech Univ Madrid, ETSI Montes, Madrid 28040, Spain. RP Mateo-Sanchez, MC (reprint author), Tech Univ Madrid, EUIT Forestal, Ciudad Univ S-N, Madrid 28040, Spain. EM mc.mateo@upm.es RI Saura, Santiago/A-9994-2008; Mateo-Sanchez, Maria Cruz/I-5619-2016 OI Saura, Santiago/0000-0002-5239-0763; FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation research grant GEFOUR [AGL2012-31099]; Fundacion Oso Pardo FX Funding was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation research grant GEFOUR (AGL2012-31099). We are grateful to the regional administration involved in the brown bear management: Junta de Castilla y Leon, Gobierno de Cantabria, Principado de Asturias and Xunta de Galicia for providing location data. Thanks also to the support provided by Fundacion Oso Pardo. NR 72 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 54 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 17 IS 5 BP 430 EP 440 DI 10.1111/acv.12109 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT8XZ UT WOS:000345213600005 ER PT J AU Cisneros, R Schweizer, D Preisler, H Bennett, DH Shaw, G Bytnerowicz, A AF Cisneros, Ricardo Schweizer, Don Preisler, Haiganoush Bennett, Deborah H. Shaw, Glenn Bytnerowicz, Andrzej TI Spatial and seasonal patterns of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PM2.5; Sierra Nevada Mountains; background particulate matter; nonattainment; forest fires ID UNITED-STATES; PM2.5; WILDFIRES; REDUCTION; MORTALITY; NITRATE; USA AB This paper presents particulate matter data collected in the California southern Sierra Nevada Mountains (SNM) during 2002 to 2009 from the Central Valley (elevation 91 m) into the SNM (elevation 2 598 m). Annual average concentrations of particles smaller than 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM2.5) for all sites during this study ranged from 3.1 to 22.2 mu g m(-3). The highest elevation site experienced annual PM2.5 concentrations ranging from 3.1 to 4.6 mu g m(-3), while the lowest elevation site concentrations ranged from 18 to 22.2 mu g m(-3). PM2.5 generated from natural source emissions (background particulate matter) in the southern SNM was estimated to be 4.7 +/- 1.3 mu g m(-3). Higher elevation sites in the southern SNM exhibit a pattern of high PM2.5 in the summer as compared to the winter. For regulatory purposes, air quality throughout the southern Sierra Nevada is assumed to be similar to the Central Valley, which is currently in nonattainment. However, we determined that locations used in this study of elevations above 500 m in the southern SNM are actually in compliance with federal standards for PM2.5. Elevation and day of year appear to account for most of the variation in PM2.5 concentrations. Fires occurring during this study were typical of the size and intensity historically documented in this area of the SNM. We determined that while these fires impact air quality they do not appear to be a major driver in exceeding the United States Federal PM2.5 standard in the southern SNM. C1 [Cisneros, Ricardo; Schweizer, Don] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Social Sci Humanities & Arts, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Preisler, Haiganoush] USFS, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA USA. [Bennett, Deborah H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Shaw, Glenn] Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Dept Geol Engn, Butte, MT USA. [Bytnerowicz, Andrzej] USFS, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Cisneros, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Sch Social Sci Humanities & Arts, 5200 North Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM rcisneros@ucmerced.edu NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 5 IS 4 BP 581 EP 590 DI 10.5094/APR.2014.067 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0FU UT WOS:000345299800002 ER PT J AU Davies, KW Collins, G Boyd, CS AF Davies, K. W. Collins, G. Boyd, C. S. TI Effects of feral free-roaming horses on semi-arid rangeland ecosystems: an example from the sagebrush steppe SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Artemisia; Equus caballus; exclosures; grazing; herbivory; soil aggregate stability; trampling; wild horses ID PLANT-COMMUNITIES; PENETRATION RESISTANCE; GREAT-BASIN; SAGE-GROUSE; MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS; MULTISCALE RESPONSES; SPECIES COMPOSITION; HABITAT SELECTION; SOIL; MOUNTAIN AB Feral horses (Equus caballus) are viewed as a symbol of freedom and power; however, they are also a relatively unmanaged, non-native grazer in North America, South America, and Australia. Information about their influence on vegetation and soil characteristics in semi-arid rangelands has been limited by confounding effects of cattle (Bos taurus) grazing and a lack of empirical manipulative studies. We compared vegetation and soil surface characteristics in feral horse grazed areas and ungrazed exclosures at five sagebrush (Artemisia) steppe sites in northern Nevada. Horse grazed areas had lower sagebrush density and plant diversity, greater soil penetration resistance, and lower soil aggregate stability than ungrazed areas. Herbaceous cover and density generally did not differ between grazed and ungrazed treatments, with the exception of heavily grazed sites in which perennial grass cover was reduced. The cumulative effect of feral horses on soil characteristics suggests that they may affect the ecological function of semi-arid rangelands by increasing the risk of soil erosion and potentially decreasing availability of water for plant growth. The two-fold increase in sagebrush density with horse exclusion suggests that feral horses may limit sagebrush recruitment and thereby negatively impact Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and other sagebrush associated wildlife. The effects of feral horses on sagebrush and other semi-arid ecosystems should be considered when developing conservation plans for these ecosystems and associated wildlife. C1 [Davies, K. W.; Boyd, C. S.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Collins, G.] US Dept Interior, Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sheldon Hart Mt Natl Wildlife Refuge Complex, Lakeview, OR 97630 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM kirk.davies@oregonstate.edu NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 20 U2 98 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2014 VL 5 IS 10 AR 127 DI 10.1890/ES14-00171.1 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DO UT WOS:000345097200005 ER PT J AU Oakes, LE Hennon, PE O'Hara, KL Dirzo, R AF Oakes, Lauren E. Hennon, Paul E. O'Hara, Kevin L. Dirzo, Rodolfo TI Long-term vegetation changes in a temperate forest impacted by climate change SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Alaska; biodiversity; Callitropsis nootkatensis; climate change; community composition; disturbance; forest dieback; stand development. ID BLACK-TAILED DEER; YELLOW-CEDAR DECLINE; BIOCLIMATE ENVELOPE MODELS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; CHAMAECYPARIS-NOOTKATENSIS; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; CHANGE ADAPTATION; WESTERN HEMLOCK; SPRUCE STANDS; MORTALITY AB Pervasive forest mortality is expected to increase in future decades as a result of increasing temperatures. Climate-induced forest dieback can have consequences on ecosystem services, potentially mediated by changes in forest structure and understory community composition that emerge in response to tree death. Although many dieback events around the world have been documented in recent years, yellow-cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis) decline provides an opportunity to study vegetation changes occurring over the past century. Current research identifies climate-related reductions in snow cover as a key driver of this species dieback. To examine the process of forest development post-dieback, we conducted vegetation surveys at 50 plots along the outer coast of southeast Alaska across a chronosequence of mortality. Our main study objectives were to examine changes in seedling and sapling abundance, and community structure of conifer species in the overstory; effects of yellow-cedar mortality on plant diversity and community composition of functional groups in the understory; and volume of key forage species for Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) managed throughout the region. The probability of yellow-cedar sapling occurrence was reduced across the chronosequence. Yellow-cedar seedling and sapling abundance also decreased. We observed a turnover from yellow-cedar to western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) dominated forests. Functional plant diversity increased and the community composition of the understory changed across the chronosequence. Bryophytes became less abundant and grasses more abundant in the early stages of stand development, and shrubs increased in relative abundance in latter stages. Our results demonstrate that yellow-cedar is significantly less likely to regenerate in forests affected by widespread mortality, and a species dieback can dynamically rearrange the plant community over time. These findings emphasize the importance of considering long-term temporal dynamics when assessing the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services, and adapting forest management to a changing climate. C1 [Oakes, Lauren E.] Stanford Univ, Emmett Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resou, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hennon, Paul E.] USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Forest Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [O'Hara, Kevin L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dirzo, Rodolfo] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Oakes, LE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Emmett Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resou, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM leoakes@stanford.edu FU W. Wright Climate Change Fellowship; Morrison Institute for Population and Resource Studies; School of Earth Sciences at Stanford University; Wilderness Society Gloria Barron Fellowship; National Forest Foundation; USDA Forest Service; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship FX This research was financially supported by the George W. Wright Climate Change Fellowship, the Morrison Institute for Population and Resource Studies and the School of Earth Sciences at Stanford University, The Wilderness Society Gloria Barron Fellowship, the National Forest Foundation, and USDA Forest Service. The lead author was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and the School of Earth Sciences at Stanford University. We thank field assistants K. Cahill, P. Fischer, O. Miller, T. Ward, C. Radis, and G. Treinish and many community members in Juneau, Sitka, and Gustavus. Sitka Conservation Society, Sitka Sound Science Center, Sitka Fine Arts Camp, Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, Sitka District Forest Service, and USDA Pacific Northwest Research Station provided support between long trips to the outer coast. Captains Z. Stenson, P. Johnson, C. Clark, and S. Harris provided transportation to the outer coast and assistance for boat surveys. We thank A. Steel for feedback on the stratified design; P. Fischer, D. Wittwer, and J. Felis for GIS assistance (Fig. 2); K. Cahill for artwork (Fig. 1); C. Woolsey for data management support; K. Cahill, P. Fischer, and A. Dobrin for artistic contributions to Fig. 9. Comments from W. Anderegg and two anonymous reviewers improved this manuscript. NR 104 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 38 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2014 VL 5 IS 10 AR 135 DI 10.1890/ES14-00225.1 PG 28 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DO UT WOS:000345097200013 ER PT J AU Vivoni, ER Rango, A Anderson, CA Pierini, NA Schreiner-McGraw, AP Saripalli, S Laliberte, AS AF Vivoni, Enrique R. Rango, Albert Anderson, Cody A. Pierini, Nicole A. Schreiner-McGraw, Adam P. Saripalli, Srikanth Laliberte, Andrea S. TI Ecohydrology with unmanned aerial vehicles SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE ecology; environmental sensor network; hydrology; remote sensing; robotics; scaling; unmanned aircraft systems ID STRUCTURE-FROM-MOTION; VEGETATION INDEX; CATCHMENT-SCALE; IMAGERY; UAV; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; VARIABILITY; HYDROLOGY AB High-resolution characterizations and predictions are a grand challenge for ecohydrology. Recent advances in flight control, robotics and miniaturized sensors using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide an unprecedented opportunity for characterizing, monitoring and modeling ecohydrologic systems at high-resolution (<1 m) over a range of scales. How can the ecologic and hydrologic communities most effectively use UAVs for advancing the state of the art? This Innovative Viewpoints paper introduces the utility of two classes of UAVs for ecohydrologic investigations in two semiarid rangelands of the southwestern U. S. through two useful examples. We discuss the UAV deployments, the derived image, terrain and vegetation products and their usefulness for ecohydrologic studies at two different scales. Within a land-atmosphere interaction study, we utilize high-resolution imagery products from a rotary-wing UAV to characterize an eddy covariance footprint and scale up environmental sensor network observations to match the time-varying sampling area. Subsequently, in a surface and subsurface interaction study within a small watershed, we demonstrate the use of a fixed-wing UAV to characterize the spatial distribution of terrain attributes and vegetation conditions which serve as input to a distributed ecohydrologic model whose predictions compared well with an environmental sensor network. We also point to several challenges in performing ecohydrology with UAVs with the intent of promoting this new self-service (do-it-yourself) model for high-resolution image acquisition over many scales. We believe unmanned aerial vehicles can fundamentally change how ecohydrologic science is conducted and offer ways to merge remote sensing, environmental sensor networks and numerical models. C1 [Vivoni, Enrique R.; Anderson, Cody A.; Pierini, Nicole A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Vivoni, Enrique R.; Schreiner-McGraw, Adam P.; Saripalli, Srikanth] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Rango, Albert; Laliberte, Andrea S.] USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Vivoni, ER (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM vivoni@asu.edu RI Vivoni, Enrique/E-1202-2012 OI Vivoni, Enrique/0000-0002-2659-9459 FU U.S. Army Research Office [56059-EV-PCS]; Jornada Long-Term Ecological Research project (NSF) [DEB-1235828]; Jornada Experimental Range; USDA-ARS; Santa Rita Experimental Range FX We thank funding from the U.S. Army Research Office (56059-EV-PCS) and the Jornada Long-Term Ecological Research project (NSF Grant DEB-1235828). We appreciate the support provided by the Jornada Experimental Range (J. Anderson, A. Slaughter, J. Lenz, D. Thatcher, C. Winters, P. Gronemeyer, C. Maxwell), USDA-ARS (D. P. C. Peters, K. Havstad, R. L. Scott, M. A. Nearing) and the Santa Rita Experimental Range (M. P. McClaran, M. Heitlinger). The efforts of Ryan C. Templeton, Brance Hudzietz and Yucong Lin are also appreciated. NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 10 U2 54 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2014 VL 5 IS 10 AR 130 DI 10.1890/ES14-00217.1 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DO UT WOS:000345097200008 ER PT J AU Chatakondi, NG AF Chatakondi, Nagaraj G. TI Suspending Mammalian LHRHa-injected Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, in Individual Soft Mesh Bags Reduces Stress and Improves Reproductive Performance SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; SPAWNING INDUCTION; HYBRID FRY; INDUCED OVULATION; HORMONE ANALOG; CHINOOK SALMON; CORTISOL; STEROIDS; BLUE AB Hormone-induced spawning of channel catfish held communally in tanks is a reliable method to produce channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus female x blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus male, F-1 hybrid catfish fry. However, mature catfish are crowded, and repeatedly handled during the process of induced ovulation. Repeated handling of gravid females is stressful and may impair ovulation, egg quality, and reproductive performance. Three trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of two methods of confining post-hormone-injected female channel catfish on stress response (cortisol concentrations) and reproductive performance: fish were either held individually while suspended in soft, nylon-mesh bags or communally in a concrete tank. Percent of females ovulated to hormone treatment, relative fecundity, percent egg viability, and latency of channel catfish did not differ for fish in the two treatments. However, percent hatch and fry/kg of females was higher (P < 0.05) for fish held in bags that for fish held communally in tanks. Mean plasma cortisol response immediately prior to the first hormone injection (0 h) did not differ among fish groups in the two treatments. However, mean plasma cortisol concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) for fish in the bag treatment at 16 and 36 h compared to fish held communally in tanks. Plasma estradiol levels (measure of oocyte maturation) were assessed at 0, 16, and 36 h after hormone injection; concentrations were (P<0.05) higher at 16 h compared to 0 and 36 h; however, estradiol concentrations did not differ for fish held in the two treatments (P > 0.05). Suspending hormone-injected broodfish individually in soft bags reduced stress response, improved egg hatching rate, and increased hybrid fry produced per kg weight of female broodfish. Using this simple technology, farmers can improve the efficiency of hatcheries producing hybrid catfish fry. C1 [Chatakondi, Nagaraj G.] ARS, USDA, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Chatakondi, NG (reprint author), ARS, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, USDA, 141 Expt Stn Rd,POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 EI 1749-7345 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 45 IS 5 BP 604 EP 612 DI 10.1111/jwas.12141 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AU5ES UT WOS:000345630600011 ER PT J AU Lopes, AP Granada, S Oliveira, AC Brancal, H Dubey, JP Cardoso, L Vilhena, H AF Lopes, Ana Patricia Granada, Sara Oliveira, Ana Cristina Brancal, Hugo Dubey, Jitender P. Cardoso, Luis Vilhena, Hugo TI Toxoplasmosis in dogs: first report of Toxoplasma gondii infection in any animal species in Angola SO PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Angola; Dogs; Luanda; Modified agglutination test; Seroprevalence; Toxoplasma gondii ID OOCYSTS; TRANSMISSION; SEROSURVEY; WILDLIFE AB Despite the worldwide importance of zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii, nothing is known of toxoplasmosis in animals in Angola. The present study aimed at estimating the seroprevalence and also at assessing correlates of T. gondii infection in pet dogs from Luanda, Angola. Dogs (n=103) brought to a veterinary clinic in the city of Luanda were investigated. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to T. gondii with a modified agglutination test (MAT) commercial kit, at serial dilutions of 1 : 20 to 1 : 160. In accordance with the established cutoff value (MAT >= 20), 16 dogs [15.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 9.2-24.0%] had antibodies to T. gondii: 10 had a titer of 20, two had a titer of 40, and four had a titer of 80. Age (>= 12 months) was found to be a risk factor for infection [odds ratio (OR) 59.23; 95% CI: 1.16-73.27). For each 1-year increase in age, the risk of a dog being found seropositive significantly increased by an OR of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.02-1.36). The present study, which represents the first serological survey of T. gondii in any animal species from Angola, reveals a 15.5% seroprevalence of infection in pet dogs in Luanda. Further studies are needed to better understand the epidemiology of zoonotic T. gondii infection in Luanda and also in Angola. C1 [Lopes, Ana Patricia; Cardoso, Luis] UTAD, Sch Agr & Vet Sci, Dept Vet Sci, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Lopes, Ana Patricia; Vilhena, Hugo] UTAD, Anim & Vet Res Ctr CECAV, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Granada, Sara; Oliveira, Ana Cristina] Clin Casa Anim, Luanda, Angola. [Brancal, Hugo] Clin Vet Covilha, Covilha, Portugal. [Brancal, Hugo] Univ Beira Interior, Fac Ciencias Saude, Covilha, Portugal. [Brancal, Hugo] Inst Politecn Castelo Branco, Escola Super Agr, Branco, Portugal. [Dubey, Jitender P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cardoso, Luis] Univ Porto, IBMC, Parasite Dis Grp, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Vilhena, Hugo] Escola Univ Vasco Gama, Dept Vet Med, Coimbra, Portugal. [Vilhena, Hugo] Hosp Vet Baixo Vouga, Agueda, Portugal. RP Cardoso, L (reprint author), UTAD, Sch Agr & Vet Sci, Dept Vet Sci, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal. EM lcardoso@utad.pt RI Lopes, Ana Patricia/K-4671-2013; OI Cardoso, Luis/0000-0002-6145-7560; Lopes, Ana Patricia/0000-0002-8182-5674; Vilhena, Hugo/0000-0003-3976-1619 FU Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Ministry of Education and Science, Portugal [PEst-OE/AGR/UI0772/2014] FX This work was sponsored by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Ministry of Education and Science, Portugal, under the Project PEst-OE/AGR/UI0772/2014. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 2047-7724 EI 2047-7732 J9 PATHOG GLOB HEALTH JI Pathog. Glob. Health PD OCT PY 2014 VL 108 IS 7 BP 344 EP 346 DI 10.1179/2047773214Y.0000000160 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AU4EP UT WOS:000345562500008 PM 25392293 ER PT J AU Saavedra, AK Delgado, JA Botello, R Mamani, P Alwang, J AF Saavedra, Ana K. Delgado, Jorge A. Botello, Ruben Mamani, Pablo Alwang, Jeffrey TI A NEW N INDEX TO ASSESS NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) PRODUCTION SYSTEMS OF BOLIVIA SO AGROCIENCIA LA English DT Article DE Food security; high altitude cropping systems; nitrate leaching; Solanum tuberosum L.; sustainable system ID HIGH TROPICAL ANDES; FALLOW SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MANAGEMENT; CARBON; SOIL; FERTILITY; MITIGATE; ADAPT AB Bolivia is South America's poorest country, with over 80 % of the rural population under the poverty line and agricultural productivity is closely inversely correlated with poverty in rural Bolivia. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops for food security in Bolivia, where it is grown with traditional methods, and national-level yields are low. Traditional management of potato involves use of organic amendments (animal manures) to supply N. Enhanced N management has the potential to raise potato yields and reduce rural poverty, yet there is a lack of information about improving nitrogen management practices in potato production areas where traditional systems predominate. A N index for traditional agricultural systems in Bolivia was developed and tested with metadata collected from two of the few studies available for high-altitude systems. The Bolivia N index was able to predict the nitrogen uptake for potato systems at these sites and uptake was correlated with yields (p <= 0.001). Potato responded significantly to N inputs and to total N availability. The Bolivia N index can be used to assess management practices for traditional potato systems and can provide information to farmers and technicians, helping them improve N management to increase yields and food security in Bolivia. C1 [Saavedra, Ana K.; Botello, Ruben; Mamani, Pablo] PROINPA, Cochabamba, Bolivia. [Delgado, Jorge A.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Alwang, Jeffrey] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Delgado, JA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM Jorge.Delgado@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU COLEGIO DE POSTGRADUADOS PI MONTECILLO PA CARRETERA MEXICO TEXCOCO KM 36 5, MONTECILLO 56230, ESTADO MEXICO, MEXICO SN 1405-3195 J9 AGROCIENCIA-MEXICO JI Agrociencia PD OCT-NOV PY 2014 VL 48 IS 7 BP 667 EP 678 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AT4JF UT WOS:000344905000001 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Roh, MS Dickens, JC Lee, AK Suh, JK AF Kim, Ji Hee Roh, Mark S. Dickens, Joseph C. Lee, Ae Kyung Suh, Jeung Keun TI Volatiles emitted from single flower buds of a Lilium longiflorum x L-callosum interspecific hybrid and its parents SO HORTICULTURE ENVIRONMENT AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diurnal rhythm; fragrance; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; Lilium hansonii; odor; scent ID EMISSION; FRAGRANCE AB This research was initiated to analyze the volatiles emitted from a single flower bud of Lilium longiflorum Thunb., L. callosum Sieb. et Zucc., and their interspecific hybrids L. longiflorum x L. callosum (L. longi x L. cal IH). Volatiles, collected automatically every 6-hour intervals at 20A degrees C before anthesis and at anthesis, were analyzed using a coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The most abundant volatiles in L. longiflorum occurred at retention time (rt) 12.17 (peak 7) and rt 6.87 min (peak 3), and were tentatively identified as 1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol (nerolidol) and 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octariene (ocimene), respectively, and sensory evaluation assessed the blend to have a pleasant fragrance. However, these peaks were not observed in L. callosum which produced a relatively low level of volatiles at rt 5.36, rt 5.84, and rt 12.31 min. Emission of volatiles from a single flower bud showed a diurnal rhythm peaking between 2000 and 0200 HR and also at anthesis. The level of volatiles released from L. longi x L. cal IH flowers was less than that from L. longiflorum, and no odor was evident by sensory evaluation. Mild and pleasant fragrance of L. longi x L. cal IH results from the inheritance of volatiles such as ocimene and nerolidol from L. longiflorum at a reduced level and the lack of production of volatiles that could produce odors. C1 [Kim, Ji Hee; Roh, Mark S.; Lee, Ae Kyung; Suh, Jeung Keun] Dankook Univ, Dept Environm Hort, Cheonan 330714, South Korea. [Dickens, Joseph C.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Suh, JK (reprint author), Dankook Univ, Dept Environm Hort, Cheonan 330714, South Korea. EM suh6971@dankook.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU KOREAN SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI SUWON PA C/O NATL HORTICULTURAL RES INST, IMOK-DONG 475, JANGAN-GU, SUWON, 440-706, SOUTH KOREA SN 2211-3452 EI 2211-3460 J9 HORTIC ENVIRON BIOTE JI Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 55 IS 5 BP 410 EP 414 DI 10.1007/s13580-014-0047-0 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AT6WX UT WOS:000345078600007 ER PT J AU Suzuki, JY Matsumoto, TK Keith, LM Myers, RY AF Suzuki, Jon Y. Matsumoto, Tracie K. Keith, Lisa M. Myers, Roxana Y. TI The Chloroplast psbK-psbI Intergenic Region, a Potential Genetic Marker for Broad Sectional Relationships in Anthurium SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Araceae; barcode; CBOL; genotyping; germplasm; ornamentals; phylogeny; sectional groupings ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; GENOME SEQUENCES; DNA; ARACEAE; IDENTIFICATION; LEMNACEAE; REVISION; ANGIOSPERMS; ANDRAEANUM; EXPRESSION AB Nuclear and chloroplast genetic markers have been extensively used for plant identification and molecular taxonomy studies. The efficacy of genetic markers to be used as DNA barcodes is under constant evaluation and improvement with identification of new barcodes that provide greater resolution and efficiency of amplification for specific species groups as well as distantly related plants. In this study, chloroplast DNA genetic markers for Anthurium, the largest genus in the Araceae family, were adapted from chloroplast markers previously designed for Lemna minor, a member of the same plant family. Primers for chloroplast region trnH-psbA, previously used for molecular systematic studies in Anthurium, as well as primers for the rpoB, rpoC1, psbK-psbI, matK, rbcL, and atpF-atpH regions, all located within the large single copy sequence in the chloroplast genome, were evaluated and found to efficiently amplify target sequences when using DNA of varied quality and concentration extracted from silica-dried leaves of selected accessioned species of Anthurium. The trnH-psbA, psbK-psbI, and atpF-atpH intergenic region primers were further evaluated using Anthurium species spanning different subgeneric groups. Of the intergenic region primers tested, psbK-psbI primers were the most robust, yielding well-defined amplicons across Anthurium species that were consistent, with exceptions, within sectional groupings. Application of the psbK-psbI region amplicon as a visual marker for surveying sectional relationships in Anthurium is novel and serves as a model for the development of a diagnostic method for genotyping plants and testing for sample integrity from among species or germplasm collections. This work further demonstrates the use of dried plant tissue banks as a genetic reference and information resource to support basic research as well as ornamental plant characterization and improvement. C1 [Suzuki, Jon Y.; Matsumoto, Tracie K.; Keith, Lisa M.; Myers, Roxana Y.] ARS, USDA, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Trop Plant Genet Resources & Dis Res Unit, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Suzuki, JY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Trop Plant Genet Resources & Dis Res Unit, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM jon.suzuki@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2014 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1244 EP 1252 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AT9NR UT WOS:000345254400001 ER PT J AU Bai, JH Baldwin, E Hearn, J Driggers, R Stover, E AF Bai, Jinhe Baldwin, Elizabeth Hearn, Jack Driggers, Randy Stover, Ed TI Volatile Profile Comparison of USDA Sweet Orange-like Hybrids versus 'Hamlin' and 'Ambersweet' SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alcohol; aldehyde; Citrus; ester; flavor; terpene hydrocarbon ID KEY AROMA COMPONENTS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLAVOR THRESHOLDS; JUICE MATRIX; QUALITY; CITRUS; ODOR; STORAGE; FRESH; OIL AB Six 'Ambersweet-derived hybrids, similar to sweet orange fruit size, color, and taste and potential as new sweet orange cultivars, were selected to determine their fruit categorization by comparison of their volatile profiles with the parent and 'Hamlin', a typical sweet orange. All hybrids are at least 1/2 sweet orange and varying amounts of mandarin, grapefruit, Poncirus trifoliata, and sour orange in each pedigree. In total, 135 volatiles were detected in the eight hybrid lines/commercial cultivars over two harvests, and 20 compounds were detected in all samples, including terpenes (limonene, beta-myrcene, alpha-pinene, alpha-terpinene, alpha-terpineol, and linalool), esters (ethyl butanote, ethyl pentanoate, and ethyl acetate), aldehydes (acetaldehyde, hexanal, and nonanal), and alcohols (ethanol and hexanol). Total abundance of volatiles in January-harvested fruits averaged 30% higher than for fruits of the same trees harvested in November. 'Ambersweet' contained the highest total amount of volatiles (mainly as a result of very high levels of monoterpenes), and of them, nootkatone and six other compounds were not detected in any of the hybrids, and some of them were also not detected in 'Hamlin'. On the other hand, 12 compounds, including pentanal, ethyl 2-butenoate, and ethyl nonanoate, were not detected in 'Ambersweet' but were found in 'Hamlin' and some of the hybrids. Cluster analysis separated the cultivar/hybrid and harvest time combinations into three clusters. FF-1-76-50, FF-1-76-52 and January FF-1-75-55, all with the same parents ('Ambersweet' X FF-1-30-52), were close to FF-1-65-55, but they were separated from 'Hamlin' and further separated from 'Ambersweet'. The cluster containing 'Hamlin' has three subclusters: January 'Hamlin' and November FF-1-74-14, a hybrid with one-eighth P. trifoliata, which includes a slight off-flavor frequently found in P. trifoliata hybrids, independent of each other, and both were separated from a group of November 'Hamlin', FF-1-64-97, and FF-1-75-55. The cluster containing 'Ambersweet' included January FF-1-64-97. A principle component analysis (PCA) separated 'Ambersweet' from all hybrids and 'Hamlin' along the PC1 axis and separated November harvests from January harvests along PC2. This volatile analysis supports the classification of the hybrids as sweet orange. C1 [Bai, Jinhe; Baldwin, Elizabeth; Hearn, Jack; Driggers, Randy; Stover, Ed] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bai, JH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USHRL, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM jinhe.bai@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2014 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1262 EP 1267 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AT9NR UT WOS:000345254400003 ER PT J AU Gogo, EO Saidi, M Ochieng, JM Martin, T Baird, V Ngouajio, M AF Gogo, Elisha Otieno Saidi, Mwanarusi Ochieng, Jacob Mugwa Martin, Thibaud Baird, Vance Ngouajio, Mathieu TI Microclimate Modification and Insect Pest Exclusion Using Agronet Improve Pod Yield and Quality of French Bean SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE eco-friendly nets; environmental manipulation; pest control; protected cropping; snap bean ID AFRICA; TEMPERATURE AB French bean [Phaseolus vulgaris (L.)] is among the leading export vegetable in Africa, mostly produced by small-scale farmers. Unfavorable environmental conditions and heavy infestations by insect pests are among the major constraints limiting production of the crop. Most French bean producers grow their crop in open fields outdoors subject to harsh environmental conditions and repeatedly spray insecticides in a bid to realize high yield. This has led to rejection of some of the produce at the export market as a result of stringent limits on maximum residue levels. Two trials were conducted at the Horticulture Research and Teaching Field, Egerton University, Kenya, to evaluate the potential of using agricultural nets (herein referred to as agronets) to improve the microclimate, reduce pest infestation, and increase the yield and quality of French bean. A randomized complete block design with five replications was used. French bean seeds were direct-seeded, sprayed with an alpha-cypermethrin-based insecticide (control), covered with a treated agronet (0.9 mm x 0.7 mm average pore size made of 100 denier yarn knitted into a mesh impregnated with alpha-cypermethrin), or covered with an untreated-agronet (0.9 mm x 0.7 mm average pore size made of 100 denier yarn knitted into a mesh not impregnated with insecticide). Alpha-cypermethrin and agronets were manufactured by Tagros Chemicals (India) and A to Z Textile Mills (Tanzania), respectively. Covering French bean with the agronets modified the microclimate of the growing crop with air temperature increased by approximate to 10%, relative humidity by 4%, and soil moisture by 20%, whereas photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and daily light integral (DLI) were decreased by approximate to 1% and 11.5%, respectively. Populations of silverleaf whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)] and black bean aphids [Aphis fabae (Scopoli)] were reduced under agronet covers as contrasted with control plots. Furthermore, populations of both pests were reduced on French bean grown under impregnated agronets compared with untreated agronets, but only on three of the five sampling dates [30, 44, and 72 days after planting (DAP)] for silver leaf whitefly or at only one of the five sampling dates (30 DAP) for black bean aphid. Covering French bean with agronets advanced seedling emergence by 2 days and increased seedling emergence over 90% compared with control plots. French bean plants covered with both agronet treatments had faster development, better pod yield, and quality compared with the uncovered plants. These findings demonstrate the potential of agronets in improving French bean performance while minimizing the number of insecticide sprays within the crop cycle, which could lead to less rejection of produce in the export market and improved environmental quality. C1 [Gogo, Elisha Otieno; Saidi, Mwanarusi; Ochieng, Jacob Mugwa] Egerton Univ, Dept Crops Hort & Soils, Egerton, Kenya. [Martin, Thibaud] CIRAD UR Hortsys, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. [Martin, Thibaud] ICIPE, Plant Hlth Dept, Nairobi, Kenya. [Baird, Vance; Ngouajio, Mathieu] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Ngouajio, M (reprint author), NIFA, USDA, Inst Food Prod & Sustainabil, 800 9th St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM mngouajio@nifa.usda.gov RI Baird, William/I-6442-2012 OI Baird, William/0000-0003-2395-3077 FU American people through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) [EPP-A-00-09-00004]; Michigan State University; Cirad-Agricultural Research for Development; Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI); International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (Icipe) in Kenya; A to Z Textile Mills in Tanzania; University of Abomey Calavi, Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Benin (INRAB); Association des Personnes Renovatrices des Technologies Traditionnelles (APPRETECTRA) in Benin FX This study was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under Award No. EPP-A-00-09-00004 with additional support from Michigan State University and the Cirad-Agricultural Research for Development. The contents are the responsibility of Horticulture Collaborative Research Support Program (HortCRSP) project BioNetAgro investigators and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. government.; We acknowledge our project partners: the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI) and the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (Icipe) in Kenya; A to Z Textile Mills in Tanzania; and University of Abomey Calavi, Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Benin (INRAB) and Association des Personnes Renovatrices des Technologies Traditionnelles (APPRETECTRA) in Benin for their support. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2014 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1298 EP 1304 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AT9NR UT WOS:000345254400009 ER PT J AU Baldos, OC DeFrank, J Kramer, M Sakamoto, GS AF Baldos, Orville C. DeFrank, Joseph Kramer, Matthew Sakamoto, Glenn S. TI Storage Humidity and Temperature Affect Dormancy Loss and Viability of Tanglehead (Heteropogon contortus) Seeds SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dry after-ripening; piligrass; speargrass; tetrazolium test ID RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; WATER-CONTENT; RED RICE; GERMINATION; GRASS AB Tanglehead (Heteropogon contortus) is a drought- and fire-tolerant native Hawaiian grass that possesses seed dormancy on shedding. Although a dry after-ripening period is known to break dormancy, specific storage conditions to optimize this are not known. This study examined the effects of storage temperature and equilibrium relative humidity (eRH) on tanglehead seed dormancy loss and viability. Fresh seeds harvested in Mar. and Oct. 2011 were stored for 30 days in three eRH levels (12%, 50%, and 75%) and then incubated for 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months at three temperatures [10, 20 (ambient in laboratory), and 30 degrees C]. The eRHs were maintained during incubation by sealing seeds in airtight packages. Seed germination and tetrazolium tests were conducted after each incubation period to determine dormancy loss and seed viability. Analysis of germination and seed viability data indicated a significant interaction among eRH, storage temperature, incubation period, and seed harvest month. Storage at 12% eRH and 30 degrees C for 12 months optimized dormancy loss of tanglehead seeds. Seeds remained viable in all eRH and temperature combinations except those stored at either 75% eRH and 20 degrees C or 75% eRH and 30 degrees C. In these treatment combinations, significant seed deterioration and loss of viability were recorded. Harvest time (i.e., harvest month) within the year also affected the rate of dormancy loss of seeds. March-harvested seeds achieved maximum dormancy loss 3 months earlier than seeds harvested in October. C1 [Baldos, Orville C.; DeFrank, Joseph] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Trop Plant & Soil Sci, St John Plant Sci Lab 102, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sakamoto, Glenn S.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Hoolehua Plant Mat Ctr, Hoolehua, HI 96729 USA. RP Baldos, OC (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Trop Plant & Soil Sci, St John Plant Sci Lab 102, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM obaldos@hawaii.edu FU Hawaii Department of Transportation FX This work was supported by a grant from the Hawaii Department of Transportation. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2014 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1328 EP 1334 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AT9NR UT WOS:000345254400014 ER PT J AU Schreiner, RP Lee, J AF Schreiner, R. Paul Lee, Jungmin TI Effects of Post-veraison Water Deficit on 'Pinot noir' Yield and Nutrient Status in Leaves, Clusters, and Musts SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE drought; growth; Vitis vinifera; YAN; yield ID VITIS-VINIFERA L.; ASSIMILABLE NITROGEN; POTASSIUM NUTRITION; CARIGNANE VINES; CROP LEVEL; GRAPEVINES; IRRIGATION; WINE; QUALITY; VINEYARD AB 'Pinot noir' grapevines were grown in a pot-in-pot system using a red-hill-soil where volumetric soil water content (theta(v)) was carefully controlled. Four-year-old vines were supplied with one of two irrigation regimes (wet or dry) between veraison and fruit maturity and the experiment was repeated over 2 years. From veraison to harvest, vines in the wet treatment received irrigation whenever theta(v) approached approximate to 15% maintaining leaf water potential (Psi(leaf)) above -1.0 MPa. Vines in the dry treatment received irrigation when theta(v) approached 11% to 12% and experienced significant water stress (Psi(leaf) approximate to-1.4 MPa) before water was re-supplied. Vines were destructively harvested at veraison and at fruit maturity to determine biomass and nutrient content in the current season's above-ground tissues. Fruit yield, maturity indices, and must nutrient composition were measured at maturity. Irrigation did not influence vine growth in either year nor did it influence yield or fruit maturity indices. Irrigation also had no influence on leaf, whole cluster, or must mineral nutrient concentrations. Vine growth, yield, and nutrient status in leaves and musts varied by year. Vegetative growth was greater in 2007 than 2008, whereas yield and cluster weights were greater in 2008. Also in 2008, whole clusters obtained a greater proportion of dry matter and nutrients after veraison when differing irrigation treatments were imposed. Nonetheless, irrigation did not affect must chemical composition. These findings suggest that periodic post-veraison water deficits that are moderate to severe have little effect on berry nutrient and sugar accumulation in 'Pinot noir' cropped at typical levels for this variety. C1 [Schreiner, R. Paul] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Lee, Jungmin] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. RP Schreiner, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Paul.Schreiner@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-048-00D, 5358-21000-047-00D] FX This project was funded by USDA-ARS CRIS projects #5358-21000-048-00D and #5358-21000-047-00D. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2014 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1335 EP 1340 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AT9NR UT WOS:000345254400015 ER PT J AU Werle, CT Bray, AM Oliver, JB Blythe, EK Sampson, BJ AF Werle, Christopher T. Bray, Alicia M. Oliver, Jason B. Blythe, Eugene K. Sampson, Blair J. TI Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Captures Using Colored Traps in Southeast Tennessee and South Mississippi SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Scolytinae; invasive species; visual cues; spectrophotometry; trap; ambrosia beetles ID ETHANOL-BAITED TRAPS; XYLOSANDRUS-GERMANUS COLEOPTERA; ORNAMENTAL NURSERIES; MUTILATUS BLANDFORD; SILHOUETTE COLOR; BARK; ORIENTATION; XYLEBORINI; EFFICIENCY; EMISSIONS AB Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) have become a major impediment to profitable nursery production, with proper controls centered around an accurate monitoring program. Whereas the use of semiochemicals by ambrosia beetles is well understood, the potential use of visual cues including colors remains relatively understudied. Field tests were performed in Tennessee and Mississippi to determine response of the ambrosia beetle community to 13 trap colors (black, blue, brown, clear, gray, green, lavender, opaque, orange, purple, red, white, and yellow). Traps consisted of corrugated plastic in the shape of a prism and covered in insect glue (Pestick (TM) or Tangle-Trap (R)). All trap colors were analyzed with a spectrophotometer to quantify spectral reflectance, ranging from 6 - 80% reflectance. Mean ambrosia beetle capture from opaque and red traps (60 and 54, respectively) was significantly higher than from yellow or white traps (30 and 28, respectively). However, captures from each of the aforementioned 4 colors were not significantly different from the other 9 colors tested. Although further research is needed to explain the efficacy of the opaque traps, we can recommend that industry-standard black traps are an acceptable choice for ambrosia beetle monitoring programs; whereas, yellow or white traps are not recommended. C1 [Oliver, Jason B.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Agr Human & Environm Sci, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. [Werle, Christopher T.; Sampson, Blair J.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Bray, Alicia M.] Cent Connecticut State Univ, Dept Biol, New Britain, CT 06050 USA. [Blythe, Eugene K.] Mississippi State Univ, South Mississippi Branch Expt Stn, Coastal Res & Extens Ctr, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Bray, AM (reprint author), Cent Connecticut State Univ, Dept Biol, New Britain, CT 06050 USA. EM brayalic@gmail.com FU USDA-NIFA Evans Allen; USDA-APHIS [12-8130-0196-CA] FX USDA-NIFA Evans Allen funding and USDA-APHIS Agreement No. 12-8130-0196-CA assisted with partial funding of this research. Our appreciation to Joshua Basham, Debbie Eskandarnia, Joseph Lampley, Trevor Malette and Nadeer Youssef for their invaluable help with this research. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 49 IS 4 BP 373 EP 382 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AT4KK UT WOS:000344908000005 ER PT J AU Dudley, BD MacKenzie, RA Sakihara, TS Dulaiova, H Waters, CA Hughes, RF Ostertag, R AF Dudley, B. D. MacKenzie, R. A. Sakihara, T. S. Dulaiova, H. Waters, C. A. Hughes, R. F. Ostertag, R. TI Influences of N-Fixing and Non-N-Fixing Vegetation and Invasive Fish on Water Chemistry of Hawaiian Anchialine Ponds SO PACIFIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; COASTAL EUTROPHICATION; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; INTRODUCED FISH; ORGANIC-MATTER; FOREST CANOPY; FOOD-WEB; LAND-USE; ISLAND AB In coastal waters, it remains unclear how terrestrial invasive species might alter nutrient availability and thus affect bottom-up control of primary production. Anchialine ponds are tidal- and groundwater-fed coastal water bodies without surface connections that provide convenient model systems in which to examine terrestrial to aquatic nutrient flow. To investigate how N-fixing and non-N-fixing terrestrial vegetation and invasive consumers affect water quality, we compared dissolved nutrient concentrations and physicochemical parameters among Hawaiian anchialine ponds surrounded by: (1) the non-nitrogen (N)-fixing tree Thespesia populnea (milo), (2) the exotic N-fixing tree Prosopis pallida (kiawe), (3) no tree cover, and (4) no tree cover but containing populations of invasive poeciliid fish. Average (+/- 1 SE) concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) across all ponds (51.15 mu M +/- 3.1; n = 17) was high, but there was no discernible pattern among pond types. Model results suggest that leaf litter breakdown from the exotic N-fixing tree contributed <0.02% of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in the water column at high tide. However, additions of phosphorus (P), especially from litter of non-N-fixing T. populnea, resulted in ratios of DIN to soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) that varied between 4.5:1 and 35:1 across pond types. Our study suggests that: (1) DIN concentrations were more dependent on watershed-scale N inputs than local tree cover or the presence of poeciliids, (2) low water residence times in these ponds reduce effects of local biota on water nutrient chemistry, and (3) P from anthropogenic inputs and/or biota cause alterations to DIN:SRP ratios in anchialine pond water that may potentially alter primary production rates in these coastal ecosystems. C1 [Dudley, B. D.; Sakihara, T. S.; Ostertag, R.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol & Trop Conservat Biol & Environm Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Dudley, B. D.; MacKenzie, R. A.; Hughes, R. F.] USDA ARS, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Dulaiova, H.; Waters, C. A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Dudley, BD (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol & Trop Conservat Biol & Environm Sci, 200 West Kawili, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM bruce.dudley@niwa.co.nz FU NSF-Hawai'i Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) [EPS-0903833] FX This research was made possible by funding from NSF-Hawai'i Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) Grant No. EPS-0903833. Manuscript accepted 21 February 2014. NR 78 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0030-8870 EI 1534-6188 J9 PAC SCI JI Pac. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 68 IS 4 BP 509 EP 523 DI 10.2984/68.4.5 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA AU0JO UT WOS:000345309400005 ER PT J AU Hufnagel, B de Sousa, SM Assis, L Guimaraes, CT Leiser, W Azevedo, GC Negri, B Larson, BG Shaff, JE Pastina, MM Barros, BA Weltzien, E Frederick, H Rattunde, W Viana, JH Clark, RT Falcao, A Gazaffi, R Garcia, AAF Schaffert, RE Kochian, LV Magalhaes, JV AF Hufnagel, Barbara de Sousa, Sylvia M. Assis, Lidianne Guimaraes, Claudia T. Leiser, Willmar Azevedo, Gabriel C. Negri, Barbara Larson, Brandon G. Shaff, Jon E. Pastina, Maria Marta Barros, Beatriz A. Weltzien, Eva Frederick, Henry Rattunde, W. Viana, Joao H. Clark, Randy T. Falcao, Alexandre Gazaffi, Rodrigo Garcia, Antonio Augusto F. Schaffert, Robert E. Kochian, Leon V. Magalhaes, Jurandir V. TI Duplicate and Conquer: Multiple Homologs of PHOSPHORUS-STARVATION TOLERANCE1 Enhance Phosphorus Acquisition and Sorghum Performance on Low-Phosphorus Soils SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROOT-SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE; WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASES; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASES; WEST-AFRICA; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTERS; ALUMINUM TOLERANCE; UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY; DEFICIENCY TOLERANCE; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS AB Low soil phosphorus (P) availability is a major constraint for crop production in tropical regions. The rice (Oryza sativa) protein kinase, PHOSPHORUS-STARVATION TOLERANCE1 (OsPSTOL1), was previously shown to enhance P acquisition and grain yield in rice under P deficiency. We investigated the role of homologs of OsPSTOL1 in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor) performance under low P. Association mapping was undertaken in two sorghum association panels phenotyped for P uptake, root system morphology and architecture in hydroponics and grain yield and biomass accumulation under low-P conditions, in Brazil and/ or in Mali. Root length and root surface area were positively correlated with grain yield under low P in the soil, emphasizing the importance of P acquisition efficiency in sorghum adaptation to low-P availability. SbPSTOL1 alleles reducing root diameter were associated with enhanced P uptake under low P in hydroponics, whereas Sb03g006765 and Sb03g0031680 alleles increasing root surface area also increased grain yield in a low-P soil. SbPSTOL1 genes colocalized with quantitative trait loci for traits underlying root morphology and dry weight accumulation under low P via linkage mapping. Consistent allelic effects for enhanced sorghum performance under low P between association panels, including enhanced grain yield under low P in the soil in Brazil, point toward a relatively stable role for Sb03g006765 across genetic backgrounds and environmental conditions. This study indicates that multiple SbPSTOL1 genes have a more general role in the root system, not only enhancing root morphology traits but also changing root system architecture, which leads to grain yield gain under low-P availability in the soil. C1 [Hufnagel, Barbara; Guimaraes, Claudia T.; Azevedo, Gabriel C.; Magalhaes, Jurandir V.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Hufnagel, Barbara; de Sousa, Sylvia M.; Assis, Lidianne; Guimaraes, Claudia T.; Azevedo, Gabriel C.; Negri, Barbara; Pastina, Maria Marta; Barros, Beatriz A.; Viana, Joao H.; Schaffert, Robert E.; Magalhaes, Jurandir V.] Embrapa Maize & Sorghum, BR-35701970 Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil. [Leiser, Willmar; Weltzien, Eva; Frederick, Henry; Rattunde, W.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Sotuba, Mali. [Leiser, Willmar] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Plant Breeding Seed Sci & Populat Genet, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. [Negri, Barbara] Univ Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Bioengn, BR-36301160 Praca Sao Joao Del Rei, MG, Brazil. [Larson, Brandon G.; Shaff, Jon E.; Clark, Randy T.; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Falcao, Alexandre] Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-13083852 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Gazaffi, Rodrigo; Garcia, Antonio Augusto F.] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Genet, BR-13400970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Magalhaes, JV (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM jurandir.magalhaes@embrapa.br RI Hufnagel, Barbara/H-4815-2015; Garcia, Antonio/A-4538-2010; Gazaffi, Rodrigo/D-8182-2017; OI Hufnagel, Barbara/0000-0002-3515-2122; Garcia, Antonio/0000-0003-0634-3277; Gazaffi, Rodrigo/0000-0001-6549-4222; Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X FU Generation Challenge Programme [G7010.03.06]; Embrapa Macroprogram; German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development; U.S. National Science Foundation [DBI-0820624]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; Fundacao deAmparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development; Dryland Cereals Research Program FX This work was supported by the Generation Challenge Programme (grant no. G7010.03.06), the Embrapa Macroprogram, the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant no. DBI-0820624), the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Ph.D. fellowship to B.H.), the Fundacao deAmparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (to A.F.), the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (to J.V.M.), and the Dryland Cereals Research Program. NR 115 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 40 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 166 IS 2 BP 659 EP U323 DI 10.1104/pp.114.243949 PG 28 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT6TH UT WOS:000345071500019 PM 25189534 ER PT J AU Sharshov, K Sivay, M Liu, D Pantin-Jackwood, M Marchenko, V Durymanov, A Alekseev, A Damdindorj, T Gao, GF Swayne, DE Shestopalov, A AF Sharshov, K. Sivay, M. Liu, D. Pantin-Jackwood, M. Marchenko, V. Durymanov, A. Alekseev, A. Damdindorj, T. Gao, G. F. Swayne, D. E. Shestopalov, A. TI Molecular characterization and phylogenetics of a reassortant H13N8 influenza virus isolated from gulls in Mongolia SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza virus; H13N8; Reassortant; Central Asia ID BLACK-HEADED GULLS; WILD BIRDS; A VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ; WATERFOWL; AMERICAN; OUTBREAK; POULTRY; ECOLOGY; RUSSIA AB Double reassortant H13N8 influenza A virus was isolated from gull in Mongolia. The basic virological characteristics were studied. Complete genome sequence analysis indicated the complicated evolutionary history. The PA gene belongs to classical Avian-like lineage and more likely originated from non-gull avian virus pool. Data confirm the state of extensive geographic mosaicism in AIV from gulls in the Northern Hemisphere. C1 [Sharshov, K.; Sivay, M.; Alekseev, A.; Shestopalov, A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Sharshov, K.; Sivay, M.; Alekseev, A.; Shestopalov, A.] Russian Acad Med Sci, Res Ctr Clin & Expt Med, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia. [Liu, D.; Gao, G. F.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Pantin-Jackwood, M.; Swayne, D. E.] USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Marchenko, V.; Durymanov, A.] State Res Ctr Virol & Biotechnol Vector, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Damdindorj, T.] Minist Hlth, Natl Ctr Zoonot Dis, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Gao, G. F.] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Sharshov, K (reprint author), Russian Acad Med Sci, Res Ctr Clin & Expt Med, Timakova Str 2, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia. EM sharshov@yandex.ru OI Alekseev, Alexander/0000-0003-0015-9305 FU RFBR [13-04-91179-GFEN-a]; China Ministry of Science and Technology Project 973 [2010CB530303]; USDA [58-0210-2-040F] FX This study was supported by RFBR project No. 13-04-91179-GFEN-a, China Ministry of Science and Technology Project 973 (grant no. 2010CB530303), USDA grant no. 58-0210-2-040F. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 EI 1572-994X J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD OCT PY 2014 VL 49 IS 2 BP 237 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s11262-014-1083-7 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA AT7CL UT WOS:000345094000007 PM 24839173 ER PT J AU Good, SP Kennedy, CD Stalker, JC Chesson, LA Valenzuela, LO Beasley, MM Ehleringer, JR Bowen, GJ AF Good, Stephen P. Kennedy, Casey D. Stalker, Jeremy C. Chesson, Lesley A. Valenzuela, Luciano O. Beasley, Melanie M. Ehleringer, James R. Bowen, Gabriel. J. TI Patterns of local and nonlocal water resource use across the western US determined via stable isotope intercomparisons SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE interbasin transfer; fossil groundwater; Bayesian; provenance; stable isotope ID UNITED-STATES; METEORIC PRECIPITATION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; CALIFORNIA; OPTIMIZATION; GROUNDWATER; MANAGEMENT; HYDROGEN; ORIGIN; RATIOS AB In the western U.S., the mismatch between public water demands and natural water availability necessitates large interbasin transfers of water as well as groundwater mining of fossil aquifers. Here we identify probable situations of nonlocal water use in both space and time based on isotopic comparisons between tap waters and potential water resources within hydrologic basins. Our approach, which considers evaporative enrichment of heavy isotopes during storage and distribution, is used to determine the likelihood of local origin for 612 tap water samples collected from across the western U.S. We find that 64% of samples are isotopically distinct from precipitation falling within the local hydrologic basin, a proxy for groundwater with modern recharge, and 31% of samples are isotopically distinct from estimated surface water found within the local basin. Those samples inconsistent with local water sources, which we suggest are likely derived from water imported from other basins or extracted from fossil aquifers, are primarily clustered in southern California, the San Francisco Bay area, and central Arizona. Our isotope-based estimates of nonlocal water use are correlated with both hydrogeomorphic and socioeconomic properties of basins, suggesting that these factors exert a predictable influence on the likelihood that nonlocal waters are used to supply tap water. We use these basin properties to develop a regional model of nonlocal water resource use that predicts (r(2)=0.64) isotopically inferred patterns and allows assessment of total interbasin transfer and/or fossil aquifer extraction volumes across the western U.S. C1 [Good, Stephen P.; Bowen, Gabriel. J.] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kennedy, Casey D.] ARS, USDA, East Wareham, MA USA. [Stalker, Jeremy C.] Jacksonville Univ, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Chesson, Lesley A.] IsoForensics Inc, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Valenzuela, Luciano O.] UEUQ UNCPBA, Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Lab Ecol Evolut Humana, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Valenzuela, Luciano O.; Ehleringer, James R.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Beasley, Melanie M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Anthropol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Good, SP (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM s.good@utah.edu FU U.S. Federal Government; U.S. National Science Foundation [EF-01241286] FX Partial funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Federal Government and U.S. National Science Foundation grant EF-01241286 to G.J.B. M. Beasley acknowledges the assistance of Andrew Somerville, Kathleen Beasley, Jillian Johnson, and Nicole Barger in collection of samples. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 10 BP 8034 EP 8049 DI 10.1002/2014WR015884 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AT2RX UT WOS:000344783800030 ER PT J AU Pierini, NA Vivoni, ER Robles-Morua, A Scott, RL Nearing, MA AF Pierini, Nicole A. Vivoni, Enrique R. Robles-Morua, Agustin Scott, Russell L. Nearing, Mark A. TI Using observations and a distributed hydrologic model to explore runoff thresholds linked with mesquite encroachment in the Sonoran Desert SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE watershed; woody plant encroachment; streamflow yield; North American monsoon; environmental sensor network; Light Detection and Ranging ID NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; WOODY-PLANT ENCROACHMENT; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; VEGETATION CHANGE; ECOHYDROLOGICAL ROLE; SEMIARID RANGELANDS; SOUTHERN ARIZONA; SOIL-MOISTURE; NEW-MEXICO; WATER AB Woody plant encroachment is a world wide phenomenon with implications on the hydrologic cycle at the catchment scale that are not well understood. In this study, we use observations from two small semiarid watersheds in southern Arizona that have been encroached by the velvet mesquite tree and apply a distributed hydrologic model to explore runoff threshold processes experienced during the North American monsoon. The paired watersheds have similar soil and meteorological conditions, but vary considerably in terms of vegetation cover (mesquite, grass, bare soil) and their proportions with one basin having undergone mesquite removal in 1974. Long-term observations from the watersheds exhibit changes in runoff production over time, such that the watershed with more woody plants currently has less runoff for small rainfall events, more runoff for larger events, and a larger runoff ratio during the study periods (summers 2011 and 2012). To explain this observation, we first test the distributed model, parameterized with high-resolution (1 m) terrain and vegetation distributions, against continuous data from an environmental sensor network, including an eddy covariance tower, soil moisture, and temperature profiles in different vegetation types, and runoff observations. We find good agreement between the model and observations for simultaneous water and energy states and fluxes over a range of measurement scales. We then identify that the areal fraction of grass (bare soil) cover determines the runoff response for small (large) rainfall events due to the dominant controls of antecedent wetness (hydraulic conductivity). These model-derived mechanisms explain how woody plants have differential effects on runoff in semiarid basins depending on precipitation event sizes. Key Points Paired watersheds show long-term runoff changes due to mesquite removal Model agreement with sensor network over a range of scales and variables Model explains how woody plants control runoff depending on storm size 10.1002/(ISSN)1944-7973 Riesel Watersheds are a nested watershed network with 75 years of measured data Database contains discharge, erosion, land management, climatic data (1938-2012) Nutrient concentrations measured in storm runoff, base flow, rainfall now included 10.1002/(ISSN)1944-797330%). There was a significant difference in mortality between CSF 259-93 and THC 02-90 treatments, although both strains caused high mortality in injection challenges. In conclusion, this waterborne challenge model can be used to evaluate potential disease prevention and treatment methods. C1 [Long, Amy; Fehringer, Tyson R.; Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Long, Amy; Fehringer, Tyson R.; Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Idaho, Inst Aquaculture Res, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [LaFrentz, Benjamin R.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL USA. [Call, Douglas R.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Cain, KD (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, POB 441136, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM kcain@uidaho.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [715623, 603298, 464697, 688010]; University of Idaho; Washington State University Aquaculture Initiative; Washington State Agricultural Research Center FX The authors would like to acknowledge Scott Williams, Kali Turner and Jeremy Richardson of the University of Idaho for their assistance. Funding for this project was provided in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture through a grant to the Western Regional Aquaculture Center (grant nos. 715623, 603298, 464697, and 688010), the University of Idaho and Washington State University Aquaculture Initiative, and the Washington State Agricultural Research Center. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0378-1097 EI 1574-6968 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 359 IS 2 BP 154 EP 160 DI 10.1111/1574-6968.12563 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AS6RN UT WOS:000344390200006 PM 25091473 ER PT J AU Simmons, MJ Lee, TD Ducey, MJ Dodds, KJ AF Simmons, Michael J. Lee, Thomas D. Ducey, Mark J. Dodds, Kevin J. TI Invasion of Winter Moth in New England: Effects of Defoliation and Site Quality on Tree Mortality SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Operophtera brumata; dendroecology; Quercus; exotic species; invasive species; site index ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; MIXED-SPECIES FORESTS; OPEROPHTERA-BRUMATA; GYPSY-MOTH; RADIAL GROWTH; LEPIDOPTERA-GEOMETRIDAE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SNAG LONGEVITY; NORTH-AMERICA; NOVA SCOTIA AB Widespread and prolonged defoliation by the European winter moth, Operophtera brumata L., has occurred in forests of eastern Massachusetts for more than a decade and populations of winter moth continue to invade new areas of New England. This study characterized the forests of eastern Massachusetts invaded by winter moth and related the duration of winter moth defoliation estimated using dendrochronology to observed levels of tree mortality and understory woody plant density. Quercus basal area mortality in mixed Quercus and mixed QuercusPinus strobus forests in eastern Massachusetts ranged from 0-30%; mortality of Quercus in these forests was related to site quality and the number of winter moth defoliation events. In addition, winter moth defoliation events lead to a subsequent increase in understory woody plant density. Our results indicate that winter moth defoliation has been an important disturbance in New England forests that may have lasting impacts. C1 [Simmons, Michael J.; Lee, Thomas D.; Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Dodds, Kevin J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Simmons, MJ (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, 114 James Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM mjx28@wildcats.unh.edu; tom.lee@unh.edu; mark.ducey@unh.edu; kdodds@fs.fed.us RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 FU U.S. Forest Service Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry [10-CA-11420004-309] FX We thank Maria Vasta and Audrey Perkins from the University of New Hampshire, Nick Day from Paul Smith's College, and Angie Hammond, Ryan Hanavan, and Justin Williams from U.S. Forest Service Forest Health Protection Durham Field Office (DFO) for assistance in tree core collection and preparation. In addition, we thank Maria Vasta (UNH and DFO) again for her steadfast measurement of tree cores. We also thank Molly Heuss, Garret Dubois, and Angie Hammond from the USFS Durham Field Office for assistance with vegetation surveys and Rebecca Lilja, Tom Luther, and Bill Frament, also USFS DFO, for assistance with ADS data. We thank Ken Gooch with the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation and the municipal forest commissions that provided access to study sites, Joe Elkinton and Jeff Boettner with the University of Massachusetts-Amherst for providing critical information on winter moth biology and history in Massachusetts, and Richard Hallett (USFS NRS) for assistance with mortality data. Finally, we thank three anonymous reviewers whose helpful comments and suggestions greatly improved the paper. Part of this research was funded by a U.S. Forest Service Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry grant to the University of New Hampshire (cooperative agreement 10-CA-11420004-309). This research was conducted as part of a master's of science (M.Sci.) thesis submitted to the University of New Hampshire Graduate School by Michael J. Simmons. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 31 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD OCT PY 2014 VL 5 IS 10 BP 2440 EP 2463 DI 10.3390/f5102440 PG 24 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AS6CR UT WOS:000344352900003 ER PT J AU Monti, M Mandrioli, M Bextine, B Hunter, WB Alma, A Tedeschi, R AF Monti, M. Mandrioli, M. Bextine, B. Hunter, W. B. Alma, A. Tedeschi, R. TI Maintenance of primary cell cultures of immunocytes from Cacopsylla spp. psyllids: a new in vitro tool for the study of crop pest insects SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE Cacopsylla; In vitro culture; Immunocytes; Adhesion; Phagocytosis ID APPLE PROLIFERATION; TRANSMISSION; PHYTOPLASMA; VECTOR; MELANONEURA; HEMOCYTES; IMMUNITY; GERMANY AB Primary cell cultures of immunocytes have been developed from the three psyllid species Cacopsylla melanoneura, Cacopsylla pyri (vectors of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri', respectively) and Cacopsylla crataegi. The medium most suitable of those evaluated was Hert-Hunter 70 (HH70) psyllid medium. In fact, good survival and proliferation of the Cacopsylla immunocytes for over 60 d were observed, with mitosis activities starting at 15-d post culture. Moreover, adhesion and phagocytosis activities were confirmed for all the psyllid cell cultures by functionality tests. Morphological examination of cultured immunocytes revealed the presence of different cell types in all the three psyllid species in accordance to published data about insect immunocytes. The in vitro maintenance of psyllid immunocytes represents a powerful tool for a wide range of applications, especially for psyllid cell biology. In particular, in-depth studies on the biology of psyllids as vector insects as well as analyses to understand the mechanisms behind the interactions with pathogens and symbionts are now possible. These cultures can be used as an in vitro model to study psyllid humoral immune responses, which also will allow in-depth investigations on the abilities of psyllids as vectors of phytoplasmas. All these applications provide new opportunities to develop more focused and specific pest control strategies. C1 [Monti, M.; Alma, A.; Tedeschi, R.] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Sci Agr Forestali & Alimentari DISAF, I-10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy. [Mandrioli, M.] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento Sci Vita, I-41125 Modena, Italy. [Bextine, B.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Hunter, W. B.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Tedeschi, R (reprint author), Univ Torino, Dipartimento Sci Agr Forestali & Alimentari DISAF, Largo P Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy. EM rosemarie.tedeschi@unito.it RI Mandrioli, Mauro/A-5804-2015; Tedeschi, Rosemarie/B-4702-2011 OI Mandrioli, Mauro/0000-0002-2611-9777; Tedeschi, Rosemarie/0000-0003-4846-5045 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 EI 1543-706X J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 9 BP 797 EP 801 DI 10.1007/s11626-014-9785-7 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA AS6RK UT WOS:000344389900003 PM 24934235 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Pijut, PM AF Wang, Ying Pijut, Paula M. TI Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of black cherry for flowering control and insect resistance SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cyanogenesis; Flowering control; Gene silencing; Genetic transformation; Insect resistance; Prunus serotina ID PRUNUS-SEROTINA; (R)-(+)-MANDELONITRILE LYASE; AMYGDALIN HYDROLASE; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; GENE; TIME; MICROHETEROGENEITY; CYANOGENESIS; FREQUENCY; NUMBER AB Black cherry is one of the most valuable hardwood species for cabinetry, furniture, and veneer. The goal of this study was to develop transgenic black cherry plants with reproductive sterility and enhanced insect resistance. Black cherry TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (PsTFL1) was overexpressed under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter in black cherry via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, as a strategy for gene containment. PsTFL1 is a homolog of Arabidopsis TFL1 which is known to play a key role in regulating flowering time by counteracting with FLOWERING LOCUS T and repressing the transcription of the floral-related genes. The elevated expression level of PsTFL1 was proven to be able to significantly delay flowering and cause abnormal floral structure which led to sterility in Arabidopsis. Therefore, the overexpression of PsTFL1 was expected to induce the similar phenotype in black cherry to achieve reproductive sterility. To enhance insect resistance in black cherry, the black cherry endogenous genes encoding prunasin hydrolase isoform 3 (PH3) and mandelonitrile lyase isoform 4 (MDL4) were inserted into black cherry under the control of the phloem-specific promoter rolC or the CaMV 35S promoter. The two enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of prunasin to mandelonitrile and the dissociation of mandelonitrile to hydrogen cyanide (HCN), respectively, and the overexpression of PH3 or MDL4 might accelerate the release of toxic HCN and lead to an effective protection from cambial-mining insects. Three independent transgenic lines of 35S::PsTFL1, three of rolC::MDL4-FLAG, two of rolC::PH3-FLAG, and eight of 35S::MDL4-FLAG were obtained. The integration of transgenes and the copy number of neomycin phosphotransferase were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis. The mRNA levels of PsTFL1, MDL4, and PH3 were examined by real-time qPCR and were compared to the wild-type. The expression level of PsTFL1 in the three 35S::PsTFL1 lines were 3.7-5.8-times higher than that of the wild-type. However, the mRNA level of MDL4 in the 35S::MDL4-FLAG lines and rolC::MDL4-FLAG lines, and the mRNA level of PH3 in the rolC::PH3-FLAG lines showed no significant change indicating that transgene silencing was induced. Western blot analysis was carried out using anti-FLAG antibody to detect the FLAG-tagged PH3 in the transgenic line that had slightly increased mRNA level of PH3, but no signal was detected. C1 [Wang, Ying] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pijut, Paula M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, HTIRC, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pijut, PM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, HTIRC, USDA, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ppijut@purdue.edu RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 FU Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University FX This work was supported financially by a Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University to Ying Wang. The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Marina Kalyaeva and Mary Welter for their constructive review and suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 EI 1573-5044 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 119 IS 1 BP 107 EP 116 DI 10.1007/s11240-014-0517-1 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AS3MI UT WOS:000344181400009 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Garcia, M Matheny, PB Palfner, G Lodge, DJ AF Sanchez-Garcia, Marisol Matheny, P. Brandon Palfner, Goetz Lodge, D. Jean TI Deconstructing the Tricholomataceae (Agaricales) and introduction of the new genera Albomagister, Corneriella, Pogonoloma and Pseudotricholoma SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE Basidiomycota; classification; fungi; phylogeny; systematics ID BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; RIBOSOMAL DNA; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; MIXED MODELS; MISSING DATA; ORD. NOV.; FUNGI; BASIDIOMYCOTA; NUCLEAR; CLADES AB The family Tricholomataceae, contained within the Tricholomatoid clade, has traditionally been one of the largest families of the Agaricales. However, in this sense it is highly polyphyletic and requires emendation. Here, we present a phylogeny of the Tricholomatoid clade based on nucleotide sequence data from two nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (large subunit and small subunit) and the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2). Our aim is to delimit the Tricholomataceae and identify monophyletic groups within the Tricholomatoid clade. We also infer a separate phylogeny, based on the three genes above, in addition to sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS), in order to evaluate generic-level boundaries within the Tricholomataceae s.str. Based on this analysis we recover seven monophyletic genera within the Tricholomataceae s.str. that correspond to Leucopaxillus, Tricholoma, Pseudotricholoma stat. nov., Porpoloma s.str., Dennisiomyces, Corneriella gen. nov., and Albomagister gen. nov. Of the 98 genera that have been traditionally assigned to the Tricholomataceae sensu Singer, only four can be placed within it (Tricholoma, Porpoloma, Dennisiomyces, Leucopaxillus). The genus Porpoloma is highly polyphyletic and divided into four genera: Porpoloma s.str., Corneriella gen. nov., Pseudotricholoma stat. nov., and Pogonoloma stat. nov. In all, four new genera are proposed. Taxonomic descriptions, and a key to genera of the Tricholomataceae as emended here are also presented. C1 [Sanchez-Garcia, Marisol; Matheny, P. Brandon] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. [Palfner, Goetz] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanog, Dept Bot, Concepcion, Chile. [Lodge, D. Jean] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, USDA, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Sanchez-Garcia, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. EM msanche8@vols.utk.edu FU Botanical Society of America; American Society of Plant Taxonomists; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Tennessee; U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0949517]; U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX This work was financed by graduate research awards from the Botanical Society of America, the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, and the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Tennessee to MSG. We also acknowledge support from the U.S. National Science Foundation grant DEB-0949517 to PBM. This study was partially funded by the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station. We thank Clark Ovrebo and Joshua Birkebak for their taxonomic opinions and annotations of materials studied here. We also thank Else Vellinga, Mike Wood, Steve Trudell, Brian looney, Christine Braaten, Aaron Wolfenbarger, Martin Ryberg, Genevieve Gates, and David Ratkowsky for field assistance and documentation of various Tricholomataceae during the course of this study. We thank Ellen Larsson for providing unpublished sequences of Leucopaxillus. We are grateful to the curators and staff of the following herbaria for their support and assistance: CORT, FH, FL, GB, HO, IBUG, K, MICH, NYBG, XAL, and WTU. We thank Mike Wood, Dennis Desjardin and Renee Lebeuf for providing photos of Albomagister subaustralis, Corneriella bambusarum, and Pseudotricholoma umbrosum, respectively. We also thank Clark Ovrebo and three anonymous reviewers for comments on previous versions of this manuscript. NR 83 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 17 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD OCT PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 993 EP 1007 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AS3XM UT WOS:000344208500004 ER PT J AU Villar, JL Alonso, MA Juan, A Gaskin, JF Crespo, MB AF Villar, Jose L. Alonso, Ma Angeles Juan, Ana Gaskin, John F. Crespo, Manuel B. TI (2330) Proposal to conserve the name Tamarix ramosissima against T. pentandra (Tamaricaceae) SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Villar, Jose L.; Alonso, Ma Angeles; Juan, Ana; Crespo, Manuel B.] Univ Alicante, CIBIO Inst Univ Biodiversidad, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. [Gaskin, John F.] ARS, USDA, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Villar, JL (reprint author), Univ Alicante, CIBIO Inst Univ Biodiversidad, POB 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. EM jose.villar@ua.es RI Villar Garcia, Jose Luis/H-9372-2015 OI Villar Garcia, Jose Luis/0000-0003-1729-8010 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD OCT PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1140 EP 1141 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AS3XM UT WOS:000344208500027 ER PT J AU Arbizu, C Ruess, H Senalik, D Simon, PW Spooner, DM AF Arbizu, Carlos Ruess, Holly Senalik, Douglas Simon, Philipp W. Spooner, David M. TI PHYLOGENOMICS OF THE CARROT GENUS (DAUCUS, APIACEAE) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Apiaceae; carrot; Daucus; germplasm; next-generation sequencing; phylogenomics ID BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; CAROTA SUBSP SATIVUS; CULTIVATED CARROTS; SUBFAMILY APIOIDEAE; INTRON SEQUENCES; SPECIES TREES; GENES; DNA; EVOLUTIONARY; GENOMICS AB Premise of the study: We explored the utility of multiple nuclear orthologs for the taxonomic resolution of wild and cultivated carrot, Daucus species. Methods: We studied the phylogeny of 92 accessions of 13 species and two subspecies of Daucus and 15 accessions of related genera (107 accessions total) with DNA sequences of 94 nuclear orthologs. Reiterative analyses examined data of both alleles using ambiguity codes or a single allele with the highest coverage, trimmed vs. untrimmed homopolymers; pure exonic vs. pure intronic data; the use of all 94 markers vs. a reduced subset of markers; and analysis of a concatenated data set vs. a coalescent (species tree) approach. Key results: Our maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood trees were highly resolved, with 100% bootstrap support for most of the external and many of the internal clades. They resolved multiple accessions of many different species as monophyletic with strong support, but failed to support other species. The single allele analysis gave slightly better topological resolution; trimming homopolymers failed to increase taxonomic resolution; the exonic data had a smaller proportion of parsimony-informative characters. Similar results demonstrating the same dominant topology can be obtained with many fewer markers. A Bayesian concordance analysis provided an overall similar phylogeny, but the coalescent analysis provided drastic changes in topology to all the above. Conclusions: Our research highlights some difficult species groups in Daucus and misidentifications in germplasm collections. It highlights a useful subset of markers and approaches for future studies of dominant topologies in Daucus C1 [Spooner, David M.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov NR 104 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 35 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 101 IS 10 BP 1666 EP 1685 DI 10.3732/ajb.1400106 PG 20 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AS1BD UT WOS:000344010400009 PM 25077508 ER PT J AU Liston, A Cronn, R Ashman, TL AF Liston, Aaron Cronn, Richard Ashman, Tia-Lynn TI FRAGARIA: A GENUS WITH DEEP HISTORICAL ROOTS AND RIPE FOR EVOLUTIONARY AND ECOLOGICAL INSIGHTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE genomics; model organism; Rosaceae; strawberry ID WILD STRAWBERRY FRAGARIA; SSP BRACTEATA ROSACEAE; X-ANANASSA; DIPLOID STRAWBERRY; WOODLAND STRAWBERRY; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; CULTIVATED STRAWBERRY; MODEL SYSTEM; SEED PLANTS; LINKAGE MAP AB The cultivated strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa, is one of the youngest domesticated plants. Its 18th century origin via hybridization in Europe between the North American F. virginiana and the South American F. chiloensis was documented by the botanist Antoine Nicolas Duchesne. His 1766 "Natural History of Strawberries" is an extraordinary work that integrates fundamental discoveries on the biology, ecology, and phylogeny of Fragaria with applied information on cultivation and ethnobotanical uses, serving as an inspiration for current research in the genus. Fragaria species exhibit the full range of sexual systems in the gynodioecy pathway from hermaphroditism to dioecy (and back again), as well as variation in self-compatibility, and evidence of sex chromosomes with female heterogamety. The genus is also characterized by interspecific hybridization and polyploidy, with a natural range of ploidy levels from diploids to decaploids. This biological diversity, combined with the availability of genomic resources and the ease of growing and experimenting with the plants, makes Fragaria a very attractive system for ecological and evolutionary genomics. The goal of this review is to introduce Fragaria as a model genus and to provide a roadmap for future integrative research. These research directions will deepen our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary context that shaped the ancestors of the cultivated strawberry, not only providing information that can be applied to efforts to shape the future of this important fruit crop but also our understanding of key transitions in plant evolution. C1 [Liston, Aaron] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cronn, Richard] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ashman, Tia-Lynn] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Liston, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM aaron.liston@oregonstate.edu OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1020523, DEB 1241006, DEB 1020271, DEB 1241217] FX The authors thank Vivian Lee Bowden, Michel Chauvet, Michelle Coyne, and Alice Telka for strawberry information; Michel Chauvet and Ariadne Luh for assistance with French translation; Branko Bakan, Gerald Carr, Luxi Chen, and Shiro Tsuyuzaki for permission to reproduce their photographs; and Matt Koski, Jacob Tennessen, Dan Potter, and an anonymous reviewer for comments on a draft of the manuscript. Our strawberry research is supported by the National Science Foundation (DEB 1020523 and DEB 1241006 to T. L. A., DEB 1020271 to A. L., and DEB 1241217 to A.L. and R.C.). NR 178 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 49 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 101 IS 10 BP 1686 EP 1699 DI 10.3732/ajb.1400140 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AS1BD UT WOS:000344010400010 PM 25326614 ER PT J AU Thurber, CS Reagon, M Olsen, KM Jia, YL Caicedo, AL AF Thurber, Carrie S. Reagon, Michael Olsen, Kenneth M. Jia, Yulin Caicedo, Ana L. TI THE EVOLUTION OF FLOWERING STRATEGIES IN US WEEDY RICE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; gene flow; Oryza sativa; photoperiodism; Poaceae; prezygotic mating barriers; weed evolution ID CRITICAL DAY LENGTH; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; CULTIVATED RICE; RED RICE; HEADING-DATE; PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; GENE; FLORIGEN; TIME AB Premise of the study: Local adaptation in plants often involves changes in flowering time in response to day length and temperature. Many crops have been selected for uniformity in flowering time. In contrast, variable flowering may be important for increased competitiveness in weed species invading the agricultural environment. Given the shared species designation of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and its the invasive conspecific weed, weedy rice, we assessed the extent to which flowering time differed between these groups. We further assessed whether genes affecting flowering time variation in rice could play a role in the evolution of weedy rice in the United States. Methods: We quantified flowering time under day-neutral conditions in weedy, cultivated, and wild Oryza groups. We also sequenced two candidate gene regions: Hd1, a locus involved in promotion of flowering under short days, and the promoter of Hd3a, a locus encoding the mobile signal that induces flowering. Key results: We found that flowering time has diverged between two distinct weedy rice groups, such that straw-hull weeds tend to flower earlier and black-hull awned weeds tend to flower later than cultivated rice. These differences are consistent with weed Hd1 alleles. At both loci, weeds share haplotypes with their cultivated progenitors, despite significantly different flowering times. Conclusions: Our phenotypic data indicate the existence of multiple flowering strategies in weedy rice. Flowering differences between weeds and ancestors suggest this trait has evolved rapidly. From a weed management standpoint, there is the potential for overlap in flowering of black-hull awned weeds and crops in the United States, permitting hybridization and the potential escape of genes from crops. C1 [Thurber, Carrie S.; Caicedo, Ana L.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Reagon, Michael] Ohio State Univ, Dept Biol, Lima, OH 45804 USA. [Olsen, Kenneth M.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Jia, Yulin] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Caicedo, AL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM caicedo@bio.umass.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program [IOS-1032023, DBI-0638820] FX The authors thank D. Gealy and S. R. McCouch for seed stocks used in this study. This project was funded in part by U.S. National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program grants IOS-1032023 to A. L. C., K.M.O., and Y.J. and DBI-0638820 to. K.M.O., A. L. C., and Y.J. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 29 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 101 IS 10 BP 1737 EP 1747 DI 10.3732/ajb.1400154 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AS1BD UT WOS:000344010400014 PM 25326616 ER PT J AU Gross, BL Henk, AD Richards, CM Fazio, G Volk, GM AF Gross, Briana L. Henk, Adam D. Richards, Christopher M. Fazio, Gennaro Volk, Gayle M. TI GENETIC DIVERSITY IN MALUS xDOMESTICA (ROSACEAE) THROUGH TIME IN RESPONSE TO DOMESTICATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE apple; domestication bottleneck; improvement bottleneck; Malus xdomestica; perennial crop; Rosaceae ID ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; OLEA-EUROPAEA L.; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; CROP DOMESTICATION; EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; WILD; APPLE; PLANTS AB Premise of the study: Patterns of genetic diversity in domesticated plants are affected by geographic region of origin and cultivation, intentional artificial selection, and unintentional genetic bottlenecks. While bottlenecks are mainly associated with the initial domestication process, they can also affect diversity during crop improvement. Here, we investigate the impact of the improvement process on the genetic diversity of domesticated apple in comparison with other perennial and annual fruit crops. Methods: Apple cultivars that were developed at various times (ranging from the 13th through the 20th century) and 11 of the 15 apple cultivars that are used for 90% of the apple production in the United States were surveyed for genetic diversity based on either 9 or 19 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Diversity was compared using standard metrics and model-based approaches based on expected heterozygosity (H-e) at equilibrium. Improvement bottleneck data for fruit crops were also collected from the literature. Key results: Domesticated apples showed no significant reduction in genetic diversity through time across the last eight centuries. Diversity was generally high, with an average H-e > 0.7 for apples from all centuries. However, diversity of the apples currently used for the bulk of commercial production was lower. Conclusions: The improvement bottleneck in domesticated apples appears to be mild or nonexistent, in contrast to improvement bottlenecks in many annual and perennial fruit crops, as documented from the literature survey. The low diversity of the subset of cultivars used for commercial production, however, indicates that an improvement bottleneck may be in progress for this perennial crop. C1 [Gross, Briana L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Henk, Adam D.; Richards, Christopher M.; Volk, Gayle M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resource Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Fazio, Gennaro] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Gross, BL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Biol, 207 Swenson Sci Bldg,1035 Kirby Dr, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. EM blgross@d.umn.edu NR 79 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 43 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 101 IS 10 BP 1770 EP 1779 DI 10.3732/ajb.1400297 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AS1BD UT WOS:000344010400017 PM 25326619 ER PT J AU Hughes, SR Lopez-Nunez, JC Jones, MA Moser, BR Cox, EJ Lindquist, M Galindo-Leva, LA Riano-Herrera, NM Rodriguez-Valencia, N Gast, F Cedeno, DL Tasaki, K Brown, RC Darzins, A Brunner, L AF Hughes, Stephen R. Carlos Lopez-Nunez, Juan Jones, Marjorie A. Moser, Bryan R. Cox, Elby J. Lindquist, Mitch Galindo-Leva, Luz Angela Riano-Herrera, Nestor M. Rodriguez-Valencia, Nelson Gast, Fernando Cedeno, David L. Tasaki, Ken Brown, Robert C. Darzins, Al Brunner, Lane TI Sustainable conversion of coffee and other crop wastes to biofuels and bioproducts using coupled biochemical and thermochemical processes in a multi-stage biorefinery concept SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Coffee waste; Multi-stage biorefinery; Oleaginous yeast triglycerides; Renewable biofuel; Bioprocessing ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE STRAIN; YEAST KLUYVEROMYCES-MARXIANUS; YARROWIA-LIPOLYTICA; XYLOSE FERMENTATION; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; FAST PYROLYSIS; BIO-OIL; RHODOTORULA-GLUTINIS; GLUCOSE; TEMPERATURE AB The environmental impact of agricultural waste from the processing of food and feed crops is an increasing concern worldwide. Concerted efforts are underway to develop sustainable practices for the disposal of residues from the processing of such crops as coffee, sugarcane, or corn. Coffee is crucial to the economies of many countries because its cultivation, processing, trading, and marketing provide employment for millions of people. In coffee-producing countries, improved technology for treatment of the significant amounts of coffee waste is critical to prevent ecological damage. This mini-review discusses a multi-stage biorefinery concept with the potential to convert waste produced at crop processing operations, such as coffee pulping stations, to valuable biofuels and bioproducts using biochemical and thermochemical conversion technologies. The initial bioconversion stage uses a mutant Kluyveromyces marxianus yeast strain to produce bioethanol from sugars. The resulting sugar-depleted solids (mostly protein) can be used in a second stage by the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce bio-based ammonia for fertilizer and are further degraded by Y. lipolytica proteases to peptides and free amino acids for animal feed. The lignocellulosic fraction can be ground and treated to release sugars for fermentation in a third stage by a recombinant cellulosic Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which can also be engineered to express valuable peptide products. The residual protein and lignin solids can be jet cooked and passed to a fourth-stage fermenter where Rhodotorula glutinis converts methane into isoprenoid intermediates. The residues can be combined and transferred into pyrocracking and hydroformylation reactions to convert ammonia, protein, isoprenes, lignins, and oils into renewable gas. Any remaining waste can be thermoconverted to biochar as a humus soil enhancer. The integration of multiple technologies for treatment of coffee waste has the potential to contribute to economic and environmental sustainability. C1 [Hughes, Stephen R.; Cox, Elby J.; Lindquist, Mitch] ARS, NCAUR, RPT, Res Unit,USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Carlos Lopez-Nunez, Juan; Riano-Herrera, Nestor M.; Rodriguez-Valencia, Nelson; Gast, Fernando] Natl Federat Coffee Growers Colombia FNC, Natl Coffee Res Ctr Cenicafe, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia. [Jones, Marjorie A.; Galindo-Leva, Luz Angela; Cedeno, David L.] Illinois State Univ, Dept Chem, Normal, IL 61790 USA. [Moser, Bryan R.] ARS, NCAUR, Bio Oils Res BOR Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Tasaki, Ken] Mitsubishi Chem, USMC Res & Innovat, Redondo Beach, CA 90277 USA. [Brown, Robert C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Darzins, Al] Inst Gas Technol, Des Plaines, IL 60018 USA. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), ARS, NCAUR, RPT, Res Unit,USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM stephen.hughes@ars.usda.gov NR 83 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 10 U2 82 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 EI 1432-0614 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 20 BP 8413 EP 8431 DI 10.1007/s00253-014-5991-1 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AR7HZ UT WOS:000343751400001 PM 25204861 ER PT J AU Johnson, GE Soeteman-Hernandez, LG Gollapudi, BB Bodger, OG Dearfield, KL Heflich, RH Hixon, JG Lovell, DP MacGregor, JT Pottenger, LH Thompson, CM Abraham, L Thybaud, V Tanir, JY Zeiger, E van Benthem, J White, PA AF Johnson, G. E. Soeteman-Hernandez, L. G. Gollapudi, B. B. Bodger, O. G. Dearfield, K. L. Heflich, R. H. Hixon, J. G. Lovell, D. P. MacGregor, J. T. Pottenger, L. H. Thompson, C. M. Abraham, L. Thybaud, V. Tanir, J. Y. Zeiger, E. van Benthem, J. White, P. A. TI Derivation of Point of Departure (PoD) Estimates in Genetic Toxicology Studies and Their Potential Applications in Risk Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE benchmark dose; ENU; MNU; alkylating agents; margin of exposure ID DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS; CARCINOGENIC POTENCY; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; MUTATION ASSAYS; BISPHENOL-A; DNA-REPAIR; MICRONUCLEUS; THRESHOLDS; MICE AB Genetic toxicology data have traditionally been employed for qualitative, rather than quantitative evaluations of hazard. As a continuation of our earlier report that analyzed ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) dose-response data (Gollapudi et al., 2013), here we present analyses of 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea (ENU) and 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (MNU) dose-response data and additional approaches for the determination of genetic toxicity point-of-departure (PoD) metrics. We previously described methods to determine the noobserved- genotoxic-effect-level (NOGEL), the breakpoint-dose (BPD; previously named Td), and the benchmark dose (BMD10) for genetic toxicity endpoints. In this study we employed those methods, along with a new approach, to determine the non-linear slope-transition-dose (STD), and alternative methods to determine the BPD and BMD, for the analyses of nine ENU and 22 MNU datasets across a range of in vitro and in vivo endpoints. The NOGEL, BMDL10 and BMDL1SD PoD metrics could be readily calculated for most gene mutation and chromosomal damage studies; however, BPDs and STDs could not always be derived due to data limitations and constraints of the underlying statistical methods. The BMDL10 values were often lower than the other PoDs, and the distribution of BMDL10 values produced the lowest median PoD. Our observations indicate that, among the methods investigated in this study, the BMD approach is the preferred PoD for quantitatively describing genetic toxicology data. Once genetic toxicology PoDs are calculated via this approach, they can be used to derive reference doses and margin of exposure values that may be useful for evaluating human risk and regulatory decision making. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Johnson, G. E.; Bodger, O. G.] Swansea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Life Sci, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Soeteman-Hernandez, L. G.; van Benthem, J.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Hlth Protect, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Gollapudi, B. B.] Exponent, Ctr Toxicol & Mechanist Biol, Midland, MI USA. [Dearfield, K. L.] Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Heflich, R. H.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Hixon, J. G.] ToxStrategies, Austin, TX USA. [Lovell, D. P.] St Georges Univ London, Div Biomed Sci, London, England. [MacGregor, J. T.] Toxicol Consulting Serv, Bonita Springs, FL USA. [Pottenger, L. H.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Thompson, C. M.; Abraham, L.] ToxStrategies, Katy, TX USA. [Thybaud, V.] Sanofi, Vitry Alfortville Res Ctr, Drug Disposit, Preclin Safety & Anim Res, Vitry Sur Seine, France. [Tanir, J. Y.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Zeiger, E.] Errol Zeiger Consulting, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [White, P. A.] Hlth Canada, Environm Hlth Sci & Res Bur, Hlth Environm & Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. RP Johnson, GE (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Life Sci, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. EM g.johnson@swansea.ac.uk; paul.white@hc-sc.gc.ca OI white, paul/0000-0001-5853-4759; Johnson, George/0000-0001-5643-9942 NR 43 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 5 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 55 IS 8 BP 609 EP 623 DI 10.1002/em.21870 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA AR8KK UT WOS:000343823800002 PM 24801602 ER PT J AU Slavokhotova, AA Naumann, TA Price, NPJ Rogozhin, EA Andreev, YA Vassilevski, AA Odintsova, TI AF Slavokhotova, Anna A. Naumann, Todd A. Price, Neil P. J. Rogozhin, Eugene A. Andreev, Yaroslav A. Vassilevski, Alexander A. Odintsova, Tatyana I. TI Novel mode of action of plant defense peptides - hevein-like antimicrobial peptides from wheat inhibit fungal metalloproteases SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chitinase; Fusariumverticillioides; hevein-like antimicrobial peptide; Triticumkiharae; Zn-metalloproteinase ID CHITIN-BINDING PROTEINS; EUONYMUS-EUROPAEUS L.; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; ENHANCED RESISTANCE; 10-CYSTEINE MOTIF; SEEDS; IMMUNITY; RECOGNITION; TRUNCATION AB The multilayered plant immune system relies on rapid recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns followed by activation of defense-related genes, resulting in the reinforcement of plant cell walls and the production of antimicrobial compounds. To suppress plant defense, fungi secrete effectors, including a recently discovered Zn-metalloproteinase from Fusariumverticillioides, named fungalysin Fv-cmp. This proteinase cleaves classIV chitinases, which are plant defense proteins that bind and degrade chitin of fungal cell walls. In this study, we investigated plant responses to such pathogen invasion, and discovered novel inhibitors of fungalysin. We produced several recombinant hevein-like antimicrobial peptides named wheat antimicrobial peptides (WAMPs) containing different amino acids (Ala, Lys, Glu, and Asn) at the nonconserved position34. An additional Ser at the site of fungalysin proteolysis makes the peptides resistant to the protease. Moreover, an equal molar concentration of WAMP-1b or WAMP-2 to chitinase was sufficient to block the fungalysin activity, keeping the chitinase intact. Thus, WAMPs represent novel protease inhibitors that are active against fungal metalloproteases. According to invitro antifungal assays WAMPs directly inhibited hyphal elongation, suggesting that fungalysin plays an important role in fungal development. A novel molecular mechanism of dynamic interplay between host defense molecules and fungal virulence factors is suggested. C1 [Slavokhotova, Anna A.; Odintsova, Tatyana I.] Russian Acad Sci, Vavilov Inst Gen Genet, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Naumann, Todd A.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. [Price, Neil P. J.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. [Rogozhin, Eugene A.; Andreev, Yaroslav A.; Vassilevski, Alexander A.] Russian Acad Sci, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Inst Bioorgan Chem, Moscow, Russia. RP Slavokhotova, AA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Vavilov Inst Gen Genet, 3 Gubkina Str, Moscow 119991, Russia. EM annslav82@gmail.com RI Andreev, Yaroslav/C-6627-2012; Vassilevski, Alexander/S-3824-2016 FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-04-00190-a]; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federation FX We thank T. Hartmann and K. Sollenberger for technical assistance, and J. Rich, K. Vermillion and K. Hughes for their help in preparing the manuscript. Mention of any trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information, and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. This work was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 12-04-00190-a), Programs of the Russian Academy of Sciences 'Biodiversity' and 'Molecular and Cell Biology'. A. A. Slavokhotova and A. A. Vassilevski are recipients of the stipend of the President of Russian Federation. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1742-464X EI 1742-4658 J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 281 IS 20 BP 4754 EP 4764 DI 10.1111/febs.13015 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AR9TG UT WOS:000343918500015 PM 25154438 ER PT J AU Perumbakkam, S Hunt, HD Cheng, HH AF Perumbakkam, Sudeep Hunt, Henry D. Cheng, Hans H. TI Marek's disease virus influences the core gut microbiome of the chicken during the early and late phases of viral replication SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dysbiosis; microbiome; chicken; Marek's disease ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; INFECTED LYMPHOCYTES; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; INTESTINE; LACTOBACILLUS; GENERATION; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; BACTERIUM AB Marek's disease (MD) is an important neoplastic disease of chickens caused by the Marek's disease virus (MDV), an oncogenic alphaherpesvirus. In this study, dysbiosis induced by MDV on the core gut flora of chicken was assessed using next generation sequence (NGS) analysis. Total fecal and cecum-derived samples from individual birds were used to estimate the influence of MDV infection on the gut microbiome of chicken. Our analysis shows that MDV infection alters the core gut flora in the total fecal samples relatively early after infection (2-7days) and in the late phase of viral infection (28-35days) in cecal samples, corresponding well with the life cycle of MDV. Principle component analyses of total fecal and cecal samples showed clustering at the early and late time points, respectively. The genus Lactobacillus was exclusively present in the infected samples in both total fecal and cecal bird samples. The community colonization of core gut flora was altered by viral infection, which manifested in the enrichment of several genera during the early and late phases of MDV replication. The results suggest a relationship between viral infection and microbial composition of the intestinal tract that may influence inflammation and immunosuppression of T and B cells in the host. C1 [Perumbakkam, Sudeep; Hunt, Henry D.; Cheng, Hans H.] ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Perumbakkam, Sudeep] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Perumbakkam, S (reprint author), ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM perumbak@msu.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive [2012-67015-19419]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX We thank Laurie Molitor for excellent technical assistance, Spencer Jackson for assistance with DNA extraction from chicken samples, preparation of samples for sequencing, and qPCR analysis. This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2012-67015-19419 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0168-6496 EI 1574-6941 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 90 IS 1 BP 300 EP 312 DI 10.1111/1574-6941.12392 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AR8EX UT WOS:000343809700024 PM 25065611 ER PT J AU Stabel, JR Bradner, L Robbe-Austerman, S Beitz, DC AF Stabel, J. R. Bradner, L. Robbe-Austerman, S. Beitz, D. C. TI Clinical disease and stage of lactation influence shedding of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis into milk and colostrum of naturally infected dairy cows SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis; milk; lactation; shedding ID JOHNES-DISEASE; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; DECONTAMINATION; CALVES; ELISA AB Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne's disease (JD). One mode of transmission of MAP is through ingestion of contaminated milk and colostrum by susceptible calves. The objective of this study was to determine if the amount of MAP shed into the milk and colostrum of infected cows was affected by severity of infection as well as the number of days in milk (DIM). Milk was collected over the 305-d lactation period from naturally infected cows in the asymptomatic subclinical (n = 39) and symptomatic clinical (n = 29) stages of disease, as well as 8 noninfected control cows. All milk samples were assayed for MAP by culture on Herrold's egg yolk medium and either BACTEC 12B (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ) or para-JEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Trek Diagnostic Systems Inc., Cleveland, OH) liquid medium, and by direct PCR for the IS900 target gene. Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis was detected in 3.8, 4.1, and 12.6% of milk samples collected from cows with subclinical JD after culture in Herrold's egg yolk medium, liquid medium, and direct PCR, respectively. The frequency of MAP positivity increased to 12.9, 18.4, and 49.2% of milk samples collected from cows with clinical JD by these same methods, respectively. None of the milk samples collected from control cows was positive for MAP by any detection method. Viable MAP was primarily isolated from milk and colostrum of subclinically and clinically infected cows collected in early lactation (DIM 0-60), with negligible positive samples observed in mid (DIM 60-240) and late (DIM 240-305) lactation. This study demonstrates that shedding of MAP into milk is affected by infection status of the cow as well as stage of lactation, providing useful information to producers to help break the cycle of infection within a herd. C1 [Stabel, J. R.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Stabel, J. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bradner, L.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Roy J Carver Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Robbe-Austerman, S.] USDA Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 97 IS 10 BP 6296 EP 6304 DI 10.3168/jds.2014-8204 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AR7DO UT WOS:000343740200036 PM 25064655 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Singh, M Winkler-Moser, JK Bakota, EL Liu, SX AF Hwang, Hong-Sik Singh, Mukti Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Bakota, Erica L. Liu, Sean X. TI Preparation of Margarines from Organogels of Sunflower Wax and Vegetable Oils SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE margarine; organogel; sunflower wax; vegetable oil ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; EDIBLE OILS; FATTY-ACID; OLIVE OIL; HEALTH AB It was previously reported that sunflower wax (SW) had high potential as an organogelator for soybean oil-based margarine and spread products. In this study, 12 other vegetable oils were evaluated in a margarine formulation to test feasibility of utilization of SW as an alternative to solid fats in margarine and spread products containing these oils. The minimum quantity of SW required to form a gel with these oils ranged from 0.3% to 1.0% (wt.). Organogels were prepared from the vegetable oils with 3%, 5% and 7% SW and were tested for firmness as well as melting behaviors using differential scanning calorimetry. These organogels were also incorporated into a margarine formulation. All of the vegetable oil organogels produced relatively firm margarines. The margarines prepared from organogels containing 3% (wt.) SW had greater firmness than commercial spreads, whereas margarines made from 7% SW were softer than commercial stick margarines. However, dropping points of the margarine samples were higher than those of commercial spread and margarine products. Margarine firmness was modestly inversely correlated with the amount of polar compounds in the oils and did not correlate with fatty acid compositions. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a number of healthy vegetable oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids to make healthy margarine and spread products by utilizing SW as an organogelator. C1 [Hwang, Hong-Sik; Singh, Mukti; Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Bakota, Erica L.; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hwang, HS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Hongsik.hwang@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 79 IS 10 BP C1926 EP C1932 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12596 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AR8JS UT WOS:000343822100006 PM 25227583 ER PT J AU Huang, P Feldman, M Schroder, S Bahri, BA Diao, XM Zhi, H Estep, M Baxter, I Devos, KM Kellogg, EA AF Huang, Pu Feldman, Maximilian Schroder, Stephan Bahri, Bochra A. Diao, Xianmin Zhi, Hui Estep, Matt Baxter, Ivan Devos, Katrien M. Kellogg, Elizabeth A. TI Population genetics of Setaria viridis, a new model system SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genotyping-by-sequencing; model system; Phylogeography; Setaria viridis ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; FOXTAIL MILLET; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; LOCAL ADAPTATION; WILD-RICE; ITALICA; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE AB An extensive survey of the standing genetic variation in natural populations is among the priority steps in developing a species into a model system. In recent years, green foxtail (Setariaviridis), along with its domesticated form foxtail millet (S.italica), has rapidly become a promising new model system for C-4 grasses and bioenergy crops, due to its rapid life cycle, large amount of seed production and small diploid genome, among other characters. However, remarkably little is known about the genetic diversity in natural populations of this species. In this study, we survey the genetic diversity of a worldwide sample of more than 200 S.viridis accessions, using the genotyping-by-sequencing technique. Two distinct genetic groups in S.viridis and a third group resembling S.italica were identified, with considerable admixture among the three groups. We find the genetic variation of North American S.viridis correlates with both geography and climate and is representative of the total genetic diversity in this species. This pattern may reflect several introduction/dispersal events of S.viridis into North America. We also modelled demographic history and show signal of recent population decline in one subgroup. Finally, we show linkage disequilibrium decay is rapid (<45kb) in our total sample and slow in genetic subgroups. These results together provide an in-depth understanding of the pattern of genetic diversity of this new model species on a broad geographic scale. They also provide key guidelines for on-going and future work including germplasm preservation, local adaptation, crossing designs and genomewide association studies. C1 [Huang, Pu; Feldman, Maximilian; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Schroder, Stephan; Bahri, Bochra A.; Devos, Katrien M.] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bahri, Bochra A.] Natl Agron Inst Tunis, Dept Plant Protect & Postharvest Dis, Tunis 1082, Tunisia. [Diao, Xianmin; Zhi, Hui] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Estep, Matt] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Baxter, Ivan] ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Huang, P (reprint author), Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, 975 North Warson Rd, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. EM phuang@danforthcenter.org RI Baxter, Ivan/A-1052-2009; Devos, Katrien/B-1380-2014; Kellogg, Elizabeth/M-2845-2013 OI Baxter, Ivan/0000-0001-6680-1722; Kellogg, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1671-7447 FU NSF [DBI-0735191, DEB-0952185, DEB-0952177]; DOE [DE-SC0008769] FX We thank D. Vela, K. Waselkov, J. Thompson, P. Sweeney, C. Roche, J. Penagos, M. Weigend, H. Beckie, T. Robert, M. Keshavarzi, A. Borner, USDA and ICRISAT for sharing seeds. We thank greenhouse staff at DDPSC and UGA for plant care. We thank Dr. M. Ungerer and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comment on a earlier version of this manuscript. Most analysis of this work was conducted using the Atmosphere platform of iPlant Collaborative. The iPlant Collaborative is funded by a grant from the NSF (DBI-0735191; Goff et al. 2011). This work is funded by DEB-0952185 from the NSF to EAK, DEB-0952177 to KMD, and DE-SC0008769 from the DOE to IB. NR 60 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 20 BP 4912 EP 4925 DI 10.1111/mec.12907 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AR9CN UT WOS:000343869100002 PM 25185718 ER PT J AU Rudie, AW Hart, PW AF Rudie, Alan W. Hart, Peter W. TI Catalysis-a potential alternative to kraft pulping SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LIGNIN MODEL COMPOUNDS; OXYGEN-ALKALI COOKING; O BOND-CLEAVAGE; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; MECHANICAL PULPS; WOOD-PULP; VANADIUM CATALYST; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SYRINGYL ALCOHOL; REDUCING AGENTS AB A thorough analysis of the kraft pulping process makes it obvious why it has dominated for over a century as an industrial process with no replacement in sight. It uses low-cost raw materials; collects and regenerates over 90% of the chemicals needed in the process; and is indifferent to wood raw material and good at preserving the cellulose portion of the wood, the part that provides strong fibers. Although the process is odiferous, extremely capital intensive, and very poor at preserving hemicellulose yield, no alternatives have been able to replace it for process cost and product quality. There is a misconception that no new pulping processes have been discovered since the discovery of kraft pulping. Besides the minor adjustments-such as anthraquinone or polysulfide-chlorine, chlorite, and peracetic acid holopulping were discovered and evaluated decades ago. Various solvent pulping methods were discovered and evaluated in the 1980s and 1990s. This work continues with ionic solvents, deep eutectic solvents, and most recently protic ionic liquids. Where all these alternative processes fail is process cost. The chemicals are too expensive and too difficult to recover for use in a commercial process to produce wood pulp. The premise of this review is that the only way to achieve better performance and lower cost than the existing kraft pulping process will be a process using a catalyst to control and direct the reactions. With a high enough reaction rate and a sufficiently high number of turnovers, even an expensive catalyst can still be low cost. We reviewed the literature of existing pulping and delignification catalysts and propose research areas of interest for more intensive experimental efforts. Application: This paper summarizes the research on catalytic methods that could lead to viable, cost-effective alternatives to kraft pulping. C1 [Rudie, Alan W.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Hart, Peter W.] MWV Corp, Fiber Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rudie, AW (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM arudie@fs.fed.us NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 13 IS 10 BP 13 EP 20 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AR9SP UT WOS:000343916600004 ER PT J AU Hart, PW Rudie, AW AF Hart, Peter W. Rudie, Alan W. TI Anthraquinone-a review of the rise and fall of a pulping catalyst SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER REACTIONS; CARBOHYDRATE STABILIZATION; NORWAY SPRUCE; KRAFT; LIGNIN; WOOD; MILL; DELIGNIFICATION; QUINONES; LIQUORS AB The application of anthraquinone (AQ) as a pulping catalyst has been well documented in scientific studies and mill applications. AQ is known to increase the rate of delignification, enabling a reduction in pulping time, temperature, or chemical charge and an increase in pulp yield. This review does not focus extensively on specific details of AQ use but rather on critical milestones in the AQ process lifecycle, including its initial introduction, investigation of the reaction mechanism, and evaluation of best use by the pulping industry. The importance and difficulty of an economic justification for use of AQ are discussed, including their complication by modest improvement in yield obtained using AQ and low cost of the displaced chemicals. In many mills, documenting increased net mill revenue resulting from the use of AQ has been impossible. Recent health and safety studies and regulatory decisions have put the continuing use of AQ by industry in jeopardy. Given the unknown health risks, international regulatory environment, modest improvements available using AQ, and difficulty in economically accounting for the benefits, this likely represents the final chapter in the AQ life cycle. Application: The industry can use this work to better understand the context of recent decisions by many pulp and paper companies to stop using AQ in the production of direct food contact products. C1 [Hart, Peter W.] MWV Corp, Fiber Sci, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. [Rudie, Alan W.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Hart, PW (reprint author), MWV Corp, Fiber Sci, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. EM peter.hart@mwv.com NR 116 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 13 IS 10 BP 23 EP 31 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AR9SP UT WOS:000343916600005 ER PT J AU Witmer, GW Snow, NP Moulton, RS AF Witmer, Gary W. Snow, Nathan P. Moulton, Rachael S. TI Responses by wild house mice (Mus musculus) to various stimuli in a novel environment SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Attractants; House mouse; Invasive species; Mus musculus; Novel environment; Radial arm maze ID 2 LABORATORY STRAINS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; RADIAL-MAZE; PINE VOLES; RATS; EXPLORATION; ODORS; TRAPS; FOOD; CUES AB House mice (Mus musculus) pose a threat to the native flora and fauna on islands, and can cause significant damage wherever they have been introduced. Methods used to eradicate invasive rodents, like house mice, at high population densities may not be appropriate for intercepting them at lower densities. A better understanding of the immediate behavior of house mice when first introduced to a novel environment would help managers develop effective biosecurity techniques to protect against new invasions. To address this problem, we conducted a controlled laboratory experiment that simulated an invasion by wild house mice into a novel environment. We quantified and compared the immediate behaviors of wild house mice (n = 40) by testing various odors and other attractants, including odors (e.g., foods and conspecific), shelter, water, and a control. There was a significant difference in mouse responses to these treatments (P <= 0.0001). We found that the most common immediate reaction of invading mice was to seek shelter in a den box (mu = 47.7 box entries) rather than responding to the other potential attractants presented. Secondarily, the mice were interested in some food scents, particularly bacon grease (mu = 18.3 box entries), peanut butter (mu = 17.0 box entries), and cheese (mu = 14.5 box entries). The sex of the mouse did not influence their responses to odors and attractants (P >= 0.243), however, we noted that females visited male feces and urine odors (mu = 17 visits) more than males visited female feces and urine odors (mu = 11 visits). Fewest visits were to the empty box (mu = 8.0 box entries) and the water box (mu = 5.1 box entries) Based on our findings, we surmise that a secure den box which included certain food odors might entice and hold mice in a restricted area for a short duration in a novel environment. If done properly, this arrangement could be utilized for early detection and response to newly-invading house mice. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Witmer, Gary W.; Snow, Nathan P.; Moulton, Rachael S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Witmer, GW (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Gary.W.Witmer@aphis.usda.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 EI 1872-9045 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 159 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2014.07.007 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA AR1LY UT WOS:000343347900012 ER PT J AU Werner, SJ DeLiberto, ST Pettit, SE Mangan, AM AF Werner, Scott J. DeLiberto, Shelagh T. Pettit, Susan E. Mangan, Anna M. TI Synergistic effect of an ultraviolet feeding cue for an avian repellent and protection of agricultural crops SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Agelaius phoeniceus; Anthraquinone; Chemical repellent; Feeding behavior; Postingestive consequence; Visual cue ID NEWLY PLANTED RICE; REDUCE BLACKBIRD DAMAGE; REGISTERED PESTICIDES; LABORATORY EFFICACY; FLIGHT CONTROL(TM); BIRD REPELLENT; ANTHRAQUINONE; FOOD; SUNFLOWER; RETINAS AB Application strategies for avian repellents are needed to maintain efficacious repellent concentrations throughout the period of needed crop protection. We investigated the repellency of an ultraviolet (UV) feeding cue in the absence of postingestive consequences, the combination of the UV feeding cue and an UV-absorbent, postingestive repellent (i.e., a repellent that causes negative postingestive consequences), and a non-UV feeding cue combined with the IN-absorbent, postingestive repellent in red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). In the absence of negative postingestive consequences, 0.2% of the UV feeding cue (wt/wt) was not aversive relative to untreated food (i.e., baseline preference test; P=0.1732). Relative to the repellency of food treated only with the anthraquinone-based repellent, synergistic repellency (i.e., 45-115% increase) was observed when 0.2% of the UV feeding cue was combined with 0.02% or 0.035% anthraquinone (wt/wt). In contrast, <10% repellency was observed for 0.2% of a non-UV feeding cue (red #40 aluminum lake dispersion) paired with 0.02% anthraquinone. Aversion performance was therefore not attributed to characteristics of either conditioned or unconditioned stimuli but their combinations, and enhanced repellency of anthraquinone plus the UV-absorbent cue was attributed to UV wavelengths. Thus, the addition of an UV feeding cue can enhance avian repellency at repellent concentrations realized from previous field applications on agricultural crops (e.g., <= 1000 ppm anthraquinone). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Werner, Scott J.; DeLiberto, Shelagh T.; Pettit, Susan E.; Mangan, Anna M.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Werner, SJ (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Scott.J.Werner@aphis.usda.gov FU National Sunflower Association (Mandan, ND, USA) FX This research was supported in part by the National Sunflower Association (Mandan, ND, USA). Our feeding experiments were conducted with Avipel (R) repellent (Arkion (R) Life Sciences, New Castle, DE, USA), a titanium dioxide feeding cue (Evonik Goldschmidt Corporation, Hopewell, VA, USA) and red #40 aluminum lake dispersion (Roha USA, St. Louis, MO, USA). Corporate collaborations do not imply endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. The NWRC analytical chemistry unit performed anthraquinone residue analyses for our feeding experiments. We also appreciate the National Wildlife Research Center animal care staff that provided daily care of all birds throughout quarantine and holding for each experiment. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 EI 1872-9045 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 159 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2014.06.012 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA AR1LY UT WOS:000343347900013 ER PT J AU Hunt, PG Miller, JO Ducey, TF Lang, MW Szogi, AA McCarty, G AF Hunt, P. G. Miller, J. O. Ducey, T. F. Lang, M. W. Szogi, A. A. McCarty, G. TI Denitrification in soils of hydrologically restored wetlands relative to natural and converted wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic coastal plain of the USA SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CREATED MITIGATION WETLANDS; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; RIPARIAN BUFFERS; NITROGEN REMOVAL; GAS EMISSIONS; MANAGEMENT; NITRIFICATION; PATTERNS; CARBON AB In the last several decades, there has been considerable effort to protect and restore wetlands throughout the USA. These efforts have required significant investment of both private and public funds. Accordingly, it has become important to document the effectiveness of this protection and restoration. This study for the Mid-Atlantic Region (MIAR) Wetland Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) was part of the US Department of Agriculture CEAP. This study compared natural, converted, and hydrologically restored wetlands in the states of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. There were forty-eight total sites, and each site was sampled at 4 landscape elevations (wettest to driest) during a three year period. Here we report an assessment of soil denitrification conducted as one component of the MIAR Wetland-CEAP using denitrification enzyme activity (DEA). DEA values varied significantly with relative elevation and management DEA response to nitrate addition varied significantly with relative elevation and management. In stepwise regression, total C and moisture were the most influential physiochemical conditions for the converted and natural wetlands, respectively. Total C and Ca were the most important for the restored wetlands. Moreover, the percentage of denitrification as nitrous oxide and nosZ gene abundances, differed by relative elevation and management. In all aspects of DEA, the restored wetlands were more similar to the natural wetlands than to the converted wetland. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hunt, P. G.; Miller, J. O.; Ducey, T. F.; Szogi, A. A.] USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Florence, SC 29505 USA. [Lang, M. W.] USDA, Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Beltsville, MD USA. [McCarty, G.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Ducey, TF (reprint author), USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Florence, SC 29505 USA. EM thomas.ducey@ars.usda.gov OI Ducey, Thomas/0000-0001-8199-0584 NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 71 BP 438 EP 447 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.07.040 PG 10 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA AQ9EP UT WOS:000343151000053 ER PT J AU Jarvis, JM Page-Dumroese, DS Anderson, NM Corilo, Y Rodgers, RP AF Jarvis, Jacqueline M. Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. Anderson, Nathaniel M. Corilo, Yuri Rodgers, Ryan P. TI Characterization of Fast Pyrolysis Products Generated from Several Western USA Woody Species SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FORESTRY RESIDUE; BIO-OIL; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BORON; PLANTS; RESOLUTION; CELL; COMPLEX AB Woody biomass has the potential to be utilized at an alternative fuel source through its pyrolytic conversion. Here, fast pyrolysis bio-oils derived from several western USA woody species are characterized by negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) to determine molecular-level composition. The composition and properties (pH, electrical conductivity, and elemental analyses) of the biochar byproduct were also determined. The bio-oils are comprised mainly of O-x species. Oak (Quercus garryana Douglas ex Hook), mixed conifer (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco, Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg, Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.), and scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link) bio-oils contain lower O-x (O1O7) species that exhibit bimodal distributions whereas mixed conifer feedstock from a fire salvage harvest contains a larger range of O-x species (O2O13) that exhibit a mainly monomodal distribution. Boron-containing species in the pyrolysis oils were also identified for the first time by FT-ICR MS. Biochar analysis revealed that all biochars had similar pH values (similar to 78); however, the electrical conductivity and elemental analyses varied across the samples. Understanding the composition of pyrolysis byproducts will help direct their uses to the most appropriate locations. C1 [Jarvis, Jacqueline M.; Corilo, Yuri; Rodgers, Ryan P.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Anderson, Nathaniel M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59802 USA. RP Page-Dumroese, DS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM ddumroese@fs.fed.us FU NSF Division of Materials Research [DMR-06-54118]; State of Florida; ARRA [WFM-061502B] FX Work was supported by NSF Division of Materials Research (DMR-06-54118) and the State of Florida. Funding for biochar and bio-oil production was from ARRA grant #WFM-061502B. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD OCT PY 2014 VL 28 IS 10 BP 6438 EP 6446 DI 10.1021/ef501714j PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AR1HJ UT WOS:000343336000029 ER PT J AU Asfaw, E Dominis, S Palen, JGH Wong, W Bekele, A Kebede, A Johns, B AF Asfaw, Elias Dominis, Sarah Palen, John G. H. Wong, Wendy Bekele, Abebe Kebede, Amha Johns, Benjamin TI Patient satisfaction with task shifting of antiretroviral services in Ethiopia: implications for universal health coverage SO HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Africa; AIDS; antiretroviral services; attitudes; developing countries; Ethiopia; health care utilization; health professionals; health systems research; health workforce; health workers; HIV; human resources for health; international health policy; labour market; patients; patient satisfaction; people-centred health systems; task sharing; task shifting; universal health access; universal health coverage; workforce shortages ID SOUTH-AFRICA; CARE; ASSISTANTS; FACILITIES; QUALITY; NURSES; BENIN AB Formalized task shifting structures have been used to rapidly scale up antiretroviral service delivery to underserved populations in several countries, and may be a promising mechanism for accomplishing universal health coverage. However, studies evaluating the quality of service delivery through task shifting have largely ignored the patient perspective, focusing on health outcomes and acceptability to health care providers and regulatory bodies, despite studies worldwide that have shown the significance of patient satisfaction as an indicator of quality. This study aimed to measure patient satisfaction with task shifting of antiretroviral services in hospitals and health centres in four regions of Ethiopia. This cross-sectional study used data collected from a time-motion study of patient services paired with 665 patient exit interviews in a stratified random sample of antiretroviral therapy clinics in 21 hospitals and 40 health centres in 2012. Data were analyzed using f-tests across provider types, and multivariate logistic regression to identify determinants of patient satisfaction. Most (528 of 665) patients were satisfied or somewhat satisfied with the services received, but patients who received services from nurses and health officers were significantly more likely to report satisfaction than those who received services from doctors [odds ratio (OR) 0.26, P < 0.01]. Investments in the health facility were associated with higher satisfaction (OR 1.07, P < 0.01), while costs to patients of over 120 birr were associated with lower satisfaction (OR 0.14, P < 0.05). This study showed high levels of patient satisfaction with task shifting in Ethiopia. The evidence generated by this study complements previous biomedical and health care provider/regulatory acceptability studies to support the inclusion of task shifting as a mechanism for scaling-up health services to achieve universal health coverage, particularly for underserved areas facing severe health worker shortages. C1 [Asfaw, Elias; Bekele, Abebe; Kebede, Amha] Ethiopian Hlth & Nutr Res Inst EHNRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Dominis, Sarah; Wong, Wendy; Johns, Benjamin] ABT Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Palen, John G. H.] USDA, Off Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Dominis, S (reprint author), ABT Associates Inc, 4550 Montgomery Ave, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM sarah_dominis@abtassoc.com FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) [GHS-A-00-06-00010-00] FX This work was supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the Health Systems 20/20 cooperative agreement [GHS-A-00-06-00010-00]. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1080 EI 1460-2237 J9 HEALTH POLICY PLANN JI Health Policy Plan. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 29 SU 2 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.1093/heapol/czu072 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA AR2KW UT WOS:000343415600006 ER PT J AU Arsenault, R Swaggerty, C Genovese, K He, H Kogut, M AF Arsenault, R. Swaggerty, C. Genovese, K. He, H. Kogut, M. TI Querying the intestinal host-pathogen response to salmonella infection using high-throughput kinomics SO IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th European-Mucosal-Immunology-Group Meeting CY OCT, 2014 CL Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP European Mucosal Immunol Grp HO Univ Glasgow C1 [Arsenault, R.; Swaggerty, C.; Genovese, K.; He, H.; Kogut, M.] USDA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0019-2805 EI 1365-2567 J9 IMMUNOLOGY JI Immunology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 143 SU 1 SI SI MA 075 BP 34 EP 34 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA AR7BB UT WOS:000343733800110 ER PT J AU Burke, KE Zhou, XY Wang, YY Commisso, J Keen, CL Nakamura, RM Combs, GF Wei, HC AF Burke, Karen E. Zhou, Xueyan Wang, Yongyin Commisso, Joel Keen, Carl L. Nakamura, Robert M. Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Wei, Huachen TI The Effects of Topical L-Selenomethionine on Protection Against UVB-Induced Skin Cancer When Given Before, During, and After UVB Exposure SO JOURNAL OF DRUGS IN DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERUM SELENIUM LEVELS; SKH-2 HAIRLESS MICE; ORAL VITAMIN-E; ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATION; DIETARY SELENIUM; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; SELENOPROTEIN-P; PULMONARY METASTASIS; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Previous studies in mice have shown that topical Lselenomethionine (SeMet) can prevent UVB-induced skin cancer when applied continuously before, during, and after the radiation exposure. With topical application of SeMet, selenium levels were shown to increase in the skin and liver, as well as in tumor tissue. Thus, possibly, the timing of SeMet application could affect the degree of inhibition of UVB-tumorigenesis (or maybe even enhance tumorigenesis at some stage). The goal of this research was to determine whether topical SeMet best inhibits UV-induced skin cancer if (a) begun before and continued during and after UVB exposure, (b) if begun before UVB-exposure and discontinued when tumors are first clinically detected, or (c) if begun only after tumors are first detected and continued thereafter. Groups of ten Skh: 1 hairless, non-pigmented mice were treated topically with vehicle lotion, or with SeMet (0.05%) in that vehicle lotion applied either (a) before, during, and after UV exposure, (b) before UV radiation and continued only until the first tumor was detected, or (c) only after the first tumor was detected. In all cases, UV irradiation was discontinued at the time of detection of the first tumor. Optimal inhibition of skin cancer was achieved by application of topical SeMet before, during, and after exposure; significant protection was also attained with application only after the onset of tumors. Notably, statistically significant protection was not seen with SeMet application only prior to tumor detection. These results suggest that even beginning SeMet supplementation late in the process of tumorigenesis can help protect from UV-induced photodamage and skin cancer. C1 [Burke, Karen E.; Zhou, Xueyan; Wang, Yongyin; Nakamura, Robert M.; Wei, Huachen] Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Commisso, Joel; Keen, Carl L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA USA. [Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Ctr Director, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Wei, Huachen] China Med Univ, Hosp 1, Dept Dermatol, Shenyang, Peoples R China. RP Burke, KE (reprint author), Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM kebmdphd@gmail.com NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL OF DRUGS IN DERMATOLOGY PI NEW YORK PA 377 PARK AVE SOUTH, 6TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1545-9616 J9 J DRUGS DERMATOL JI J. Drugs Dermatol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1214 EP 1223 PG 10 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA AR1ZO UT WOS:000343383300007 PM 25607556 ER PT J AU Westrum, K Duarte, VS Humber, RA Delalibera, I Klingen, I AF Westrum, Karin Duarte, Vanessa S. Humber, Richard A. Delalibera, Italo, Jr. Klingen, Ingeborg TI Confirmation of Neozygites floridana azygospore formation in two-spotted spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae) in strains from tropical and temperate regions SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Azygospore formation; Zygospore formation; Neozygites floridana; Tetranychus urticae; Two-spotted spider mite AB Neozygites floridana is an obligate fungal pathogen of mites in the family Tetranychidae and is an important natural enemy of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Until now, information about the formation of azygospores remained to be fully confirmed. In this study, we document the formation of azygospores by a Brazilian N. floridana strain and the formation of azygospores and zygospores by a Norwegian N. floridana strain, both in the host T. urticae. Evidence of both zygosporogenesis and azygosporogenesis was also found in the same individual in the Norwegian stains. Further we report the presence of immature azygospores with 1-3 nuclei for the Norwegian strains, immature resting spores (probably azygospores) with 1-8 nuclei for the Brazilian strain, and mature resting spores with 2 nuclei for both the Norwegian and the Brazilian strains (azygo- or zygospores). Our observations suggest that the immature resting spore (prespore) of both strains begins in a multinucleate condition but that the nuclear number is reduced during maturation until mature resting spore is binucleate regardless of its origin as a zygospore or azygospore. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Westrum, Karin; Klingen, Ingeborg] Norwegian Inst Agr & Environm Res Bioforsk, Plant Hlth & Plant Protect Div, N-1430 As, Norway. [Duarte, Vanessa S.; Delalibera, Italo, Jr.] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Dept Entomol & Acarol, Lab Pathol & Microbial Control Insects, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Humber, Richard A.] USDA ARS, BioIPM Res, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Klingen, I (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Agr & Environm Res Bioforsk, Plant Hlth & Plant Protect Div, Hogskoleveien 7, N-1430 As, Norway. EM ingeborg.klingen@bioforsk.no FU Norwegian Foundation for Research Levy on Agricultural Products (FFL); Agricultural Agreement Research Funds (JA) through the BERRYSYS project [190407/199]; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) in Brazil FX This research was funded by the Norwegian Foundation for Research Levy on Agricultural Products (FFL) and the Agricultural Agreement Research Funds (JA) through the BERRYSYS project www.bioforsk.no/berrysys (Project number 190407/199) and from The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) in Brazil. We thank Dr. Erling Floistad at Bioforsk for help with editing the figures. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 122 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.07.008 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AR1MD UT WOS:000343348400001 PM 25108135 ER PT J AU Reddy, GVP Zhao, ZH Humber, RA AF Reddy, Gadi V. P. Zhao, Zihua Humber, Richard A. TI Laboratory and field efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi for the management of the sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Brentidae) SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cylas formicarius; Beauveria bassiana; Metarhizium brunneum; Additive effect; Spinosyn; Neem ID BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; PHEROMONE; CURCULIONIDAE; FABRICIUS; SOIL AB The sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius (F.) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), is one of the most important pests of sweet potatoes in the world. With free trade between the United States and the U.S.-controlled Mariana Islands, C formicarius has spread along with this commodity. Because of the cryptic nature of the larvae and nocturnal activity of the adults, and the cancellation of long-residual pesticides, this pest has become increasingly difficult to control. Therefore, the present study sought to explore and to compare the effectiveness of Metarhizium brunneum F52 (90 ml a.i./ha), Beauveria bassiana GHA (40 ml a.i./ha), spinosad (90 g a.i./ha), azadirachtin (1484 ml a.i./ha), B. bassiana + M. brunneum (20 ml a.i./ha + 45 ml a.i./ha), B. bassiana + azadirachtin (20 ml a.i./ha + 742 ml a.i./ha), B. bassiana + spinosad (20 ml a.i./ ha + 45 ml a.i./ha), M. brunneum + azadirachtin (45 ml a.i./ha + 742 ml a.i./ha) and M. brunneum + spinosad (45 ml a.i./ha + 45 grams a.i./ha) in controlling this pest in both the laboratory and the field. The treatment with B. bassiana + M. brunneum was the most effective in reducing tuber damage by C formicarius, producing the highest yields. The most adult cadavers were found in plots treated With the combination of two fungi. This combined fungal formulation appears to be appropriate for the practical control of C formicarius on sweet potatoes. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Reddy, Gadi V. P.] Montana State Univ, Western Triangle Agr Res Ctr, Conrad, MT 59425 USA. [Zhao, Zihua] China Agr Univ, Coll Agr & Biotechnol, Dept Entomol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Humber, Richard A.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Reddy, GVP (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Western Triangle Agr Res Ctr, 9546 Old Shelby Rd,POB 656, Conrad, MT 59425 USA. EM reddy@montana.edu RI Reddy, Gadi /J-5270-2015 OI Reddy, Gadi /0000-0001-6377-0721 FU FY Pacific Islands Area Conservation Innovation Grants (PIA-CIG) Program [69-9251-11-902]; Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)-USDA FX This project was supported by the FY 2011 Pacific Islands Area Conservation Innovation Grants (PIA-CIG) Program, Grant Agreement No. 69-9251-11-902 and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)-USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 122 BP 10 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.07.009 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AR1MD UT WOS:000343348400003 PM 25111763 ER PT J AU Demarta, L Hibbard, BE Bohn, MO Hiltpold, I AF Demarta, Lanila Hibbard, Bruce E. Bohn, Martin O. Hiltpold, Ivan TI The role of root architecture in foraging behavior of entomopathogenic nematodes SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chemical ecology; Heterorhabditis megidis; Nematode foraging behavior; Plant-herbivore interaction; Soil ecology; Rhizosphere ID STRUCTURALLY HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT; PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; HOST-FINDING ABILITY; HETERORHABDITIS-BACTERIOPHORA; STEINERNEMA-FELTIAE; SOIL TEXTURE; VIBRATIONAL COMMUNICATION; MEDIATED INTERACTIONS; DIRECTIONAL MOVEMENT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AB As obligate parasites, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) rely on insect hosts to complete their development. In insect pest management, EPN infectiousness has varied a lot. A better understanding of their host-finding behavior in the rhizosphere is therefore crucial to enhance EPN potential in biological control. As previously demonstrated, roots can be used as a pathway to insect hosts by EPN, but this interaction and its impact on EPN foraging remain poorly documented. Three artificial model-roots with different degrees of complexity and connectivity were designed to investigate the impact of root architecture on foraging behavior of the EPN Heterorhabditis megidis. Insect baits were placed at the bottom of each model-root that was subsequently buried in moist sand. After injection of the EPN, the number of EPN-infected baits as well as the number of mature nematodes inside each individual carcass was recorded. The influence of insect-induced root volatiles was also evaluated by spiking the baits with a synthetic version of a natural insect-induced root cue. The ecological relevance of the results was tested in soil with two maize genotypes each exhibiting broadly different root architectures. H. megidi performed better in presence of model-roots. Foraging performances of H. megidis declined with the increasing model-root complexity. Adding the synthetic root volatile dramatically changed this pattern and favored the EPN on the most complex model-roots. H. megidis also moved in the vicinity of maize roots to find the insect baits in soil, and natural root architecture also tended to shape H. megidis foraging behavior. This study adds to the scarce body of literature characterizing physical and chemical interactions between EPN and roots. The present data illustrate that root architecture not only modifies plant quality but also shapes upper trophic levels' ecology. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Demarta, Lanila; Hiltpold, Ivan] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Bohn, Martin O.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hiltpold, I (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM hiltpoldi@missouri.edu RI Hiltpold, Ivan/D-1666-2016 OI Hiltpold, Ivan/0000-0001-6374-6684 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [PBNEP3-134385] FX We thank Tim Praiswater (USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO, USA) for his support and ingeniousness in creating the model-roots herein used. Tim Wooldridge (University of Missouri, MO, USA) helped us in conducting the experiments. This project was funded by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (PBNEP3-134385) awarded to IH. NR 82 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 122 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.08.002 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AR1MD UT WOS:000343348400007 PM 25149039 ER PT J AU Flax, VL Adair, LS Allen, LH Tegha, G Jamieson, DJ Bentley, ME AF Flax, Valerie L. Adair, Linda S. Allen, Lindsay H. Tegha, Gerald Jamieson, Denise J. Bentley, Margaret E. TI Protease Inhibitor-Based Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Is Associated with Decreased Plasma Folate and Increased Transferrin Receptor Concentrations in Lactating HIV-Infected Women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Flax, Valerie L.; Adair, Linda S.; Bentley, Margaret E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Tegha, Gerald] Univ N Carolina, Project Malawi, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DeKalb County, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 23 IS 10 MA P-23 BP 858 EP 858 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA AR0DT UT WOS:000343237900037 ER PT J AU Hester, PY Garner, JP Enneking, SA Cheng, HW Einstein, ME AF Hester, P. Y. Garner, J. P. Enneking, S. A. Cheng, H. W. Einstein, M. E. TI The effect of perch availability during pullet rearing and egg laying on the behavior of caged White Leghorn hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE perch; pullet; laying hen; behavior; White Leghorn ID ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; CONVENTIONAL CAGES; FURNISHED CAGES; HEALTH; FOOT; PERFORMANCE; PREFERENCES; DISORDERS; PECKING; HYBRID AB Enriched cages, compared with conventional cages, allow egg laying strains of chickens to meet some behavioral needs, including a high motivation to perch. The objective of this study was to determine if perch availability during rearing affected perch use as adults and if perch presence affected eating and drinking in caged White Leghorn hens. Chickens were assigned to 14 cages each with and without 2 round metal perches from hatch to 16.9 wk of age. At 17 wk of age, pullets were assigned to laying cages consisting of 1 of 4 treatments. Treatment 1 chickens never had access to perches (controls). Treatment 2 chickens only had access to 2 round metal perches during the laying phase (17 to 71 wk of age). Treatment 3 chickens only had access to 2 round perches during the pullet phase (0 to 16.9 wk of age). Treatment 4 chickens had access to the perches during both the pullet and laying phase. Each treatment during the adult phase consisted of 9 cages with 9 birds/cage for a total of 36 cages. Automatic infrared cameras were used to monitor behavior of hens in each cage for a 24-h period at 19, 24, 29, 34, 39, 44, 49, 54, 59, 64, and 69 wk of age. Behavior was also recorded twice weekly by an observer in the room where the hens were housed during photophase from 25 to 68 wk of age. Behavioral data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures and the MIXED model procedure. A greater proportion of hens without perches as pullets used the rear perch more during both photophase and scotophase than hens with prior pullet perching experience. Eating and drinking activities of caged adult Leghorns were not impaired by their prior experience to perches as pullets or by the presence of perches in laying cages. It is concluded that providing perches in cages to White Leghorns during pullet rearing did not facilitate use of perches as adults. C1 [Hester, P. Y.; Enneking, S. A.; Einstein, M. E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Garner, J. P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Comparat Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cheng, H. W.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Hester, PY (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM phester@purdue.edu RI Garner, Joseph/C-8422-2009 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Washington, DC) [2011-67021-30114] FX Support for this project was provided by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2011-67021-30114 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Washington, DC). Appreciation is extended to F. A. Haan and B. D. Little of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, for the care and management of the chickens. T. L. Pollard of Big Dutchman donated the perches used in the study (Holland, MI). Chicks were donated by Hy-Line Hatchery (Warren, IN). NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 93 IS 10 BP 2423 EP 2431 DI 10.3382/ps.2014-04038 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AR6MP UT WOS:000343697800001 PM 25125558 ER PT J AU Liao, CT Chen, SY Chen, WG Liu, Y Sun, BL Li, HX Zhang, HM Qu, H Wang, J Shu, DM Xie, QM AF Liao, C. T. Chen, S. Y. Chen, W. G. Liu, Y. Sun, B. L. Li, H. X. Zhang, H. M. Qu, H. Wang, J. Shu, D. M. Xie, Q. M. TI Single nucleotide polymorphism variants within tva and tvb receptor genes in Chinese chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE tva receptor gene; tvb receptor gene; genetic resistance; avian leukosis virus; Chinese chicken ID LEUKOSIS VIRUS SUBGROUP; AVIAN-SARCOMA; DECREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; WHITE LEGHORNS; B LOCUS; INFECTION; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; EXPLAIN; ASSAY AB Avian leukosis is an immunosuppressive neoplastic disease caused by avian leukosis viruses (ALV), which causes tremendous economic losses in the worldwide poultry industry. The susceptibility or resistance of chicken cells to subgroup A ALV and subgroup B, D, and E ALV are determined by the receptor genes tumor virus locus A (tva) and tumor virus locus B (tvb), respectively. Four genetic resistant loci (tva(r1), tva(r2), tva(r3), and tva(r4)) in tva receptor gene and a genetic resistant locus tvb(r) in the tvb receptor gene have been identified in inbred lines of White Leghorn. To evaluate the genetic resistance to subgroup A, B, D, and E ALV, genetic variations within resistant loci in tva and tvb genes were screened in Chinese local chicken breeds and commercial broiler lines. Here, the heterozygote tva(s1/r1) and the resistant genotype tva(r2/r2), tva(r3/r3), and tva(r4/r4) were detected in Chinese chickens by direct sequencing. The heterozygote tva(s1/r1) was detected in Huiyang Bearded chicken (HYBC), Rizhaoma chicken, and commercial broiler line 13 to 15 (CB13 to CB15), with the frequencies at 0.08, 0.18, 0.17, 0.25, and 0.15, respectively. The resistant genotype tva(r2/r2) was detected in Jiningbairi chicken (JNBRC), HYBC, and CB15, with the frequencies at 0.03, 0.08, and 0.06, respectively, whereas tva(r3/r3) and tva(r4/r4) were detected in 19 and 17 of the 25 Chinese chickens tested, with the average frequencies at 0.13 and 0.20, respectively. Furthermore, the resistant genotype tvb(r/r) was detected in JNBRC, CB07, CB12, CB14, and CB15 by pyrosequencing assay, with the frequencies at 0.03, 0.03, 0.11, 0.09, and 0.15, respectively. These results demonstrated that the potential for genetic improvement of resistance to subgroup A, B, D, and E ALV were great both in Chinese local chickens and commercial broilers. This study provides valuable insight into the selective breeding for chickens genetically resistant to ALV. C1 [Liao, C. T.; Chen, S. Y.; Chen, W. G.; Liu, Y.; Sun, B. L.; Li, H. X.; Xie, Q. M.] South China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Liao, C. T.; Xie, Q. M.] Minist Agr, Key Lab Chicken Genet Breeding & Reprod, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, H. M.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Qu, H.; Wang, J.; Shu, D. M.] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Sci, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Xie, Q. M.] Guangdong Prov Dept Sci & Technol, Key Lab Anim Hlth Aquaculture & Environm Control, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China. RP Shu, DM (reprint author), Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Sci, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM shudm@263.net; qmx@scau.edu.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [S2013030013313]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31072152]; Guangdong Province [2012B020306002] FX We thank Guangdong Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China, for providing the commercial broiler line 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 samples. This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (grant no. S2013030013313), National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31072152), and Guangdong Province Science and technology plan project (grant no. 2012B020306002). NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 93 IS 10 BP 2482 EP 2489 DI 10.3382/ps.2014-04077 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AR6MP UT WOS:000343697800008 PM 25125563 ER PT J AU Betancourt, L Rodriguez, F Phandanouvong, V Ariza-Nieto, C Hume, M Nisbet, D Afanador-Tellez, G Van Kley, AM Nalian, A AF Betancourt, Liliana Rodriguez, Fernando Phandanouvong, Vienvilay Ariza-Nieto, Claudia Hume, Michael Nisbet, David Afanador-Tellez, German Van Kley, Alexandra Martynova Nalian, Armen TI Effect of Origanum chemotypes on broiler intestinal bacteria SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE essential oil; carvacrol; thymol; oregano; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; OREGANO ESSENTIAL OIL; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; PLANT-EXTRACTS; BODY-WEIGHT; CHICKENS; ASCITES; COMPONENTS AB Essential oils have been proposed as alternatives to antibiotic use in food animal production. This study evaluated 3 chemotypes of the Origanum genus, containing varying amounts of secondary metabolites carvacrol, thymol, and sabinene, in the broiler chicken diet. Aerial parts of Origanum vulgare L. (OL), O. vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (OH), and O. majorana (OM) were collected from a greenhouse located in the high altitude Sabana de Bogota (Savanna of Bogota) and O. vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (OG) produced and ground in Greece. Oregano essential oils (OEO) from these plants were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer. Six treatments were evaluated: 200 mg/kg of OEO from OH, OL, and OM, 50 mg/kg of OEO from OG, 500 mg/kg of chlortetracycline, and without additives. Broiler chicks were maintained at 2,600 m above sea level, placed in brooder cages under a completely randomized design. Template DNA was isolated from duodenal, jejunal, ileal, and cecal contents in each group and bacterial 16S rDNA patterns were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Dendrograms of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis band patterns revealed 2 main clusters, OEO-treated chicks and nontreated control chicks, in each intestinal segment. Band patterns from different gut compartments revealed major bacterial population shifts in the foregut (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) compared with the hindgut (cecum and colon) at all ages evaluated (P < 0.05). The OEO groups showed less shift (62.7% similarity coefficient) between these 2 compartments versus the control groups (53.7% similarity coefficient). A reduction of 59% in mortality from ascites was seen in additive-supplemented groups compared with the control group. This study represents the first work to evaluate the effects of the 3 main chemotypes of Origanum genus in broilers. C1 [Betancourt, Liliana] La Salle Univ, Bogota 110231, Colombia. [Rodriguez, Fernando; Phandanouvong, Vienvilay; Ariza-Nieto, Claudia] Corpoica, Corp Colombiana Invest Agr, Bogota 344300, Colombia. [Hume, Michael; Nisbet, David] USDA, Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Afanador-Tellez, German] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Anim Prod, Bogota 11001, Colombia. [Van Kley, Alexandra Martynova; Nalian, Armen] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Biol & Biotechnol, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. RP Betancourt, L (reprint author), La Salle Univ, Bogota 110231, Colombia. EM lcbetancourt@unisalle.edu.co NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 93 IS 10 BP 2526 EP 2535 DI 10.3382/ps.2014-03944 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AR6MP UT WOS:000343697800012 PM 25071230 ER PT J AU Zhang, QY Cheng, YB Lyapustin, AI Wang, YJ Gao, F Suyker, A Verma, S Middleton, EM AF Zhang, Qingyuan Cheng, Yen-Ben Lyapustin, Alexei I. Wang, Yujie Gao, Feng Suyker, Andrew Verma, Shashi Middleton, Elizabeth M. TI Estimation of crop gross primary production (GPP): fAPAR(chl) versus MOD15A2 FPAR SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE GPP; MODIS; MOD15A2 FPAR; fAPARchl ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY; FOREST ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; REMOTE ESTIMATION; WATER-CONTENT; CHLOROPHYLL FAPAR(CHL); REGIONAL APPLICATIONS; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; TEMPERATE FOREST; GENERAL-MODEL AB Photosynthesis (PSN) is a pigment level process in which antenna pigments (predominately chlorophylls) in chloroplasts absorb photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for the photochemical process. PAR absorbed by foliar non-photosynthetic components is not used for PSN. The fraction of PAR absorbed (fAPAR) by a canopy/vegetation (i.e., fAPAR(canopy)) derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images, referred to as MOD15A2 FPAR, has been used to compute absorbed PAR (APAR) for PSN (APAR(PSN)) which is utilized to produce the standard MODIS gross primary production (GPP) product, referred to as MOD17A2 GPP. In this study, the fraction of PAR absorbed by chlorophyll throughout the canopy (fAPAR(chl)) was retrieved from MODIS images for three AmeriFlux crop fields in Nebraska. There are few studies in the literature that compare the performance of MOD15A2 FPAR versus fAPAR(chl) in GPP estimation. In our study MOD15A2 FPAR and the retrieved fAPAR(chl) were compared with field fAPAR(canopy) and the fraction of PAR absorbed by green leaves of the vegetation (fAPAR(green)). MOD15A2 FPAR overestimated field fAPAR(canopy) in spring and in fall, and underestimated field fAPAR(canopy) in midsummer whereas fAPAR(chl) correctly captured the seasonal phenology. The retrieved fAPAR(chl) agreed well with field fAPAR(green) at early crop growth stage in June, and was less than field fAPAR(green) in late July, August and September. GPP estimates with fAPAR(chl) and with MOD15A2 FPAR were compared to tower flux GPP. GPP simulated with fAPAR(chl) was corroborated with tower flux GPP. Improvements in crop GPP estimation were achieved by replacing MOD15A2 FPAR with fAPAR(chl) which also reduced uncertainties of crop GPP estimates by 1.12-237 g C m(-2) d(-1). (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Qingyuan] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Zhang, Qingyuan; Cheng, Yen-Ben; Wang, Yujie; Middleton, Elizabeth M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cheng, Yen-Ben] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Lyapustin, Alexei I.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wang, Yujie] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Gao, Feng] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Suyker, Andrew; Verma, Shashi] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Zhang, QY (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Bldg 33,Room G321,Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM qyz72@yahoo.com FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology project [NNX12AJ51G]; NASA Science of Terra and Aqua project [NNX14AK50G]; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory of the Department of Energy FX This study was supported by NASA Terrestrial Ecology project (Grant No., NNX12AJ51G; PI, Q. Zhang) and NASA Science of Terra and Aqua project (Grant No., NNX14AK50G; PI, Q. Zhang) (Dr. Diane Wickland, manager). We would like to thank the support and the use of facilities and equipment provided by the Center for Advanced Land Management Information Technologies and the Carbon Sequestration program, University of Nebraska Lincoln. Site-specific climate and CO2 flux data are distributed by AmeriFlux network (http://public.ornl.gov/ameriflux), supported by Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory of the Department of Energy. We are grateful to Drs. Anatoly Gitelson and Yi Peng for helpful discussion and comments and for providing field fAPARcanopy, fAPARgreen, LAI and LAIgreen. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 153 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.07.012 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AR5KI UT WOS:000343623300001 ER PT J AU Yan, QG Toghiani, H Cai, ZY Zhang, JL AF Yan, Qiangu Toghiani, Hossein Cai, Zhiyong Zhang, Jilei TI FORMATION OF NANOCARBON SPHERES BY THERMAL TREATMENT OF WOODY CHAR FROM FAST PYROLYSIS PROCESS SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pine char; thermal; nanocarbon structures ID ACTIVATED CARBON; BIOCHAR; HYDROCARBONS; NANOTUBES; REACTOR; SHELL AB Influences of thermal treatment conditions of temperature, reaction cycle and time, and purge gas type on nanocarbon formation over bio-chars from fast pyrolysis and effects of thermal reaction cycle and purge gas type on bio-char surface functional groups were investigated by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and temperature-programmed reduction methods. Nanospheres occurred on bio-chars under the activation temperature of 700 degrees C; more nanospheres occurred when temperature increased to 900 degrees C. Further increase of temperature to 1100 degrees C yielded bio-char surfaces covered with a layer of nanospheres between 20 and 50 nm. More carbon nanospheres formed by increasing thermal cycles and reaction time. Scanning electron microscope images of char surfaces showed there were fewer or no nanoparticles produced using H-2 as the purge gas and they were porous. TPD results indicated that H-2, H2O, CH4, CO, and CO2 in gas phases evolved from chars heated to 1000 degrees C during the first heating cycle. H-2 and CH4 peaked at 750 and 615 degrees C, respectively. Both H2O and CO had two peaks, and CO2 had a broad peak. Only trace amounts of H-2 and CO were detected in the second cycle. There was no detection for CH4, H2O, and CO2 after the second cycle. C1 [Yan, Qiangu] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Toghiani, Hossein] Mississippi State Univ, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Cai, Zhiyong] Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Zhang, Jilei] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Zhang, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM qy8@ra.msstate.edu; hossein@che.msstate.edu; zcai@fs.fed.us; jzhang@cfr.msstate.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 46 IS 4 BP 437 EP 450 PG 14 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AR1OX UT WOS:000343355600002 ER PT J AU Liu, ZJ Jiang, ZH Fei, BH Cai, ZY Liu, XE AF Liu, Zhijia Jiang, Zehui Fei, Benhua Cai, Zhiyong Liu, Xing'e TI COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO AND PINE PELLETS SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomass; bioenergy; bamboo; bamboo pellet; pine pellet ID FOREST RESIDUES; COMBUSTION; FUEL AB Bamboo is a biomass material that has great potential as a bioenergy resource of the future. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of sufficient information concerning bamboo pellets. Bamboo and pine pellets were therefore manufactured using a laboratory pellet mill. This study was carried out to compare and evaluate the properties of bamboo and pine pellets as biomass solid fuels. Bamboo pellets exhibited better combustion properties except for inorganic ash and worse overall physical properties than pine pellets. Most properties of both pellets were improved through carbonization treatment except for bulk and particle density. The properties of all pellets determined in this study met the requirements of Pellet Fuels Institute standards except for bulk density of bamboo pellets, and the gross calorific value also met the minimum requirement for producing commercial pellets of DIN 51731 (>17,500 J/g) (1996). The information from this study is helpful for evaluating properties of bamboo pellets and developing and using bamboo resources. C1 [Liu, Zhijia; Jiang, Zehui; Fei, Benhua; Liu, Xing'e] Int Ctr Bamboo & Rattan, Beijing 100102, Peoples R China. [Cai, Zhiyong] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Int Ctr Bamboo & Rattan, Beijing 100102, Peoples R China. EM Liuzj@icbr.ac.cn; Jiangzehui@icbr.ac.cn; Feibenhua@icbtac.cn; zcai@fs.fed.us; Liuxe@icbr.ac.cn FU 12th Five Years Plan-Study on manufacturing technology of functional bamboo (rattan)-based materials [2012BAD54G01]; Basic Scientific Research Funds of International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan [1632012002] FX This research was financially supported by "12th Five Years Plan-Study on manufacturing technology of functional bamboo (rattan)-based materials" (Grant No. 2012BAD54G01) and "Basic Scientific Research Funds of International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan" (Grant No. 1632012002). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 46 IS 4 BP 510 EP 518 PG 9 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AR1OX UT WOS:000343355600009 ER PT J AU Eberhardt, TL Reed, KG AF Eberhardt, Thomas L. Reed, Karen G. TI TECHNICAL NOTE: EVALUATION OF A CRUCIBLE FURNACE RETORT FOR LABORATORY TORREFACTIONS OF WOOD CHIPS SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Biofuels; biomass; moisture; particle size; pyrolysis; thermal degradation ID BIOMASS; GRINDABILITY AB Torrefaction is a thermal process that improves biomass performance as a fuel by property enhancements such as decreased moisture uptake and increased carbon density. Most studies to date have used very small amounts of finely ground biomass. This study reports the testing of a crucible furnace retort that was fabricated to produce intermediate quantities of torrefied material and to allow processing of wood chips. Yields ranging from 51 to 96% were impacted to a greater extent by differences in temperature than time of treatment. Although temperature-control issues (gradients, slow heating) were experienced with the crucible furnace retort, this equipment proved to be useful for its intended purpose. C1 [Eberhardt, Thomas L.; Reed, Karen G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Eberhardt, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM teberhardt@fs.fed.us; kreed@fs.fed.us NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 46 IS 4 BP 600 EP 604 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AR1OX UT WOS:000343355600020 ER PT J AU Borchers, A Ifft, J Kuethe, T AF Borchers, Allison Ifft, Jennifer Kuethe, Todd TI Linking the Price of Agricultural Land to Use Values and Amenities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cropland; farmland values; pasture ID FARMLAND VALUES; ENVIRONMENTAL AMENITIES; CAPITALIZATION; PROXIMITY; SUBSIDIES; MODELS; HEALTH; IMPACT; POLICY; TEXAS AB The recent appreciation in agricultural land values across the United States has raised a number of important questions for farmers, farmland owners, lenders, and policy makers. While traditional economic theory suggests that farmland values are determined by the discounted stream of expected returns, previous research has shown that agricultural land values are actually driven by a complex set of factors. This study leverages the unique characteristics of a national land-based USDA survey on farmland values and cash rents to estimate broad, national-level determinants of the market value of cropland and pastureland. Our results support past research findings that indicate farmland values are only partially explained by agricultural returns. We find that multiple nonagricultural attributes of farmland also contribute to the market value. C1 [Borchers, Allison; Ifft, Jennifer] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Ifft, Jennifer] Cornell Univ, Charles H Dyson Sch Appl Econ & Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kuethe, Todd] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Consumer Econ, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Borchers, A (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM aborchers@ers.usda.gov NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 EI 1467-8276 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1307 EP 1320 DI 10.1093/ajae/aau041 PG 14 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA AQ8DO UT WOS:000343053800005 ER PT J AU Weber, JG Key, N AF Weber, Jeremy G. Key, Nigel TI Do Wealth Gains from Land Appreciation Cause Farmers to Expand Acreage or Buy Land? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Farmland appreciation; farm size; land ownership ID LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS; HOUSEHOLD WEALTH; HOUSING WEALTH; MICRO DATA; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; CONSUMPTION; PRICES; IMPACT; SIZE AB Recent increases in farm real estate values in the United States have increased farm equity. By exploiting periods of high and low appreciation that caused various increases in wealth for farmers owning various shares of their farmland, we examine whether U.S. grain farmers expanded their acres harvested or acres owned in response to an increase in their land wealth. We find that land wealth had little effect on farm size. However, for similarly-sized farms, a larger ownership share (10 percentage points) led to an increase in the growth of land owned (2 percentage points). Because older farmers own more of the land that they farm, greater land appreciation slows the rate at which younger farmers acquire land relative to older farmers. C1 [Weber, Jeremy G.; Key, Nigel] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Weber, JG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 EI 1467-8276 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1334 EP 1348 DI 10.1093/ajae/aau019 PG 15 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA AQ8DO UT WOS:000343053800007 ER PT J AU Larkin, RP Halloran, JM AF Larkin, Robert P. Halloran, John M. TI Management Effects of Disease-Suppressive Rotation Crops on Potato Yield and Soilborne Disease and Their Economic Implications in Potato Production SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biofumigation; Brassica; Cropping systems; Economic potential; Green manure; Rhizoctonia solani; Streptomyces scabies ID SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; BORNE-FUNGAL-PATHOGENS; GREEN MANURES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; ORGANIC-MATTER; COVER CROPS; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; TROPICAL CONDITIONS; VERTICILLIUM WILT; IMPROVING SOIL AB Soilborne potato diseases are persistent problems in potato production. Use of disease-suppressive rotation crops, such as Brassica spp. (mustards, rapeseed) and sudangrass, has shown potential for management of soilborne diseases and enhanced yield in various crop production systems. However, how to best implement these crops into productive potato cropping systems has not yet been determined. In this research, potential disease-suppressive crops were evaluated under four different types of production management (as a cover crop, green manure, harvested crop-residue incorporated, and harvested crop-residue not incorporated) in potato rotation field trials, and their effects on disease, yield, and economic viability determined. Mustard blend, sudangrass, and rapeseed rotations reduced the tuber disease black scurf (by 16-27 %) and increased yield (by 6-11 %) relative to a barley rotation control, but only mustard blend consistently reduced common scab (by 11 %). All rotation crops managed as green manures produced lower disease (by 15-26 %) and higher yields (by 6-13 %) than other management practices. Overall, the combination of mustard blend managed as a green manure was most effective, reducing scurf by 54 % and increasing yield by 25 % relative to a soybean cover crop. The use of mustard or rapeseed as a harvested crop with incorporation provided the best economic return, increasing net income by more than $860/ha relative to the standard barley rotation, but mustard blend grown as a green manure or non-incorporated harvest crop also substantially increased net income ($600 to $780/ha). C1 [Larkin, Robert P.; Halloran, John M.] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Larkin, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM bob.larkin@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 10 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 429 EP 439 DI 10.1007/s12230-014-9366-z PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ8CJ UT WOS:000343049900001 ER PT J AU Whitworth, JL Novy, RG Stark, JC Love, SL Thornton, MK Charlton, BA Yilma, S Knowles, NR Pavek, MJ Wang, XH Pavek, JJ AF Whitworth, Jonathan L. Novy, Richard G. Stark, Jeffrey C. Love, Stephen L. Thornton, Michael K. Charlton, Brian A. Yilma, Solomon Knowles, N. Richard Pavek, Mark J. Wang, Xiaohong Pavek, Joseph J. TI Huckleberry Gold: A Specialty Market Potato Cultivar with Purple-Skin, Yellow-Flesh, High Tuber Antioxidants, and Resistance to Potato Cyst Nematode (H1) and Potato virus X (Nb and Rx1) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum; Variety; Globodera rostochiensis; PVX ID GLOBODERA-ROSTOCHIENSIS; TETRAPLOID POTATO; VARIETY; TABLESTOCK; CHIPSTOCK; GENE; MAP; SELECTIONS; BLIGHT; LOCUS AB Huckleberry Gold is a purple-skin, yellow-flesh fresh market cultivar with similar culinary qualities to the market standard Yukon Gold. It has lower specific gravity, sucrose and vitamin C content, but a significantly higher level of tuber antioxidants than Yukon Gold. Notable disease resistant characteristics are Potato virus X resistance based on the presence of molecular markers for the PVX resistance genes, Nb and Rx1. In addition it also has the H1 gene present which confers resistance to the potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, which has been confirmed by bioassay to pathotype Ro1. The size profile of Huckleberry Gold is smaller than Yukon Gold, allowing a better fit into specialty markets that are geared to smaller size for fresh use. Huckleberry Gold represents the first purple-skin, yellow-flesh cultivar to come from the Northwest (Tri-State) Potato Variety Development program. C1 [Whitworth, Jonathan L.; Novy, Richard G.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen Res & Extens R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Stark, Jeffrey C.; Love, Stephen L.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Thornton, Michael K.] Univ Idaho, Parma R&E Ctr, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Charlton, Brian A.] Oregon State Univ, Klamath Basin R&E Ctr, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA. [Yilma, Solomon] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Knowles, N. Richard; Pavek, Mark J.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wang, Xiaohong] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Pavek, Joseph J.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Whitworth, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aberdeen Res & Extens R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Jonathan.Whitworth@ARS.USDA.GOV FU USDA/CSREES Special Potato Program Grant FX The authors thank Margaret Bain, William Buhrig, Mel Chappell, Todd Carter, Lorie Ewing, Nora Fuller, Mark Fristad, Darren Hall, Teri Hill, Charlene Miller, Bart Nelson, Tom Salaiz, Brian Schneider, Lura Schroeder, Penny Tubbs, Steven Wheeler, and Jim Whitmore, as well as our collaborators in the Western Regional Potato Variety Trials, and the Idaho, Oregon and Washington Potato Commissions for their contributions to the development and release of Huckleberry Gold. The authors also thank David Thurston for assistance in nematode bioassays. Development of Huckleberry Gold was partially funded by the USDA/CSREES Special Potato Program Grant. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 447 EP 458 DI 10.1007/s12230-014-9368-x PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ8CJ UT WOS:000343049900003 ER PT J AU Lulai, EC Neubauer, JD Huckle, LL Suttle, JC AF Lulai, Edward C. Neubauer, Jonathan D. Huckle, Linda L. Suttle, Jeffrey C. TI The Pink Eye Syndrome Does Not Impair Tuber Fresh Cut Wound-Related Responses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Abscisic acid; Polyphenolic; Polyaliphatic; Potato; Solanum tuberosum L; Suberization ID POTATO-TUBER; PERIDERMAL TRANSPIRATION; ABA BIOSYNTHESIS; NATIVE PERIDERM; SUBERIN; WAX; MATURATION; EXPRESSION; GENES; L. AB The potato tuber pink eye (PE) syndrome is a costly physiological disorder that results in corruption of the native periderm, susceptibility to infection, water vapor loss and associated shrinkage, roughened and cracked tuber surfaces, and various related blemishes and defects. PE results in aberrant internal suberin deposition without overt induction by a wound, yet little is known of the effect of PE on wound healing. Herein, we determined the effect of the PE syndrome on basic wound-healing processes: reduction of water vapor loss, suberization and induction of the wound-related hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA). There was no significant difference in reduction of water vapor loss, rate of accumulation of suberin biopolymers or induction of ABA and JA biosynthesis during wound healing in PE vs. control tubers. These results are important because they indicate that the PE syndrome does not induce a systemic effect that adversely impacts these crucial wound-related processes throughout the tuber, including those areas of the tuber that have no detectable PE symptoms. C1 [Lulai, Edward C.; Neubauer, Jonathan D.; Huckle, Linda L.; Suttle, Jeffrey C.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Lulai, EC (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St North, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM ed.lulai@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 467 EP 475 DI 10.1007/s12230-014-9376-x PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ8CJ UT WOS:000343049900005 ER PT J AU Swisher, KD Sengoda, VG Dixon, J Munyaneza, JE Murphy, AF Rondon, SI Thompson, B Karasev, AV Wenninger, EJ Olsen, N Crosslin, JM AF Swisher, Kylie D. Sengoda, Venkatesan G. Dixon, Jacob Munyaneza, Joseph E. Murphy, Alexzandra F. Rondon, Silvia I. Thompson, Brandon Karasev, Alexander V. Wenninger, Erik J. Olsen, Nora Crosslin, James M. TI Assessing Potato Psyllid Haplotypes in Potato Crops in the Pacific Northwestern United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Potato diseases; Psyllid haplotypes; Liberibacter ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER SOLANACEARUM; ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; REAL-TIME PCR; BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI; 1ST REPORT; DIFFERENTIATION; AMERICA; MEXICO AB The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (ulc), is a vector of the bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) that has been linked to the economically devastating zebra chip disease of potato. To date, four haplotypes of the potato psyllid have been identified and include Central, Western, Northwestern, and Southwestern haplotypes. Zebra chip was reported in potato crops in the Pacific Northwestern United States for the first time in 2011, and the Lso-infected psyllids collected from zebra chip-affected fields were identified as the Western haplotype. Additional studies have reported a mix of the Western and Northwestern psyllid haplotypes in the Pacific Northwest. The present study further examined psyllid population dynamics over the duration of the 2012 potato season in the Pacific Northwest by haplotype analysis of 864 potato psyllids collected from potato fields in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. In the Yakima Valley of Washington and the lower Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon, the Northwestern haplotype was predominant (78 %), and was detected earlier in the season than the Western haplotype. Interestingly, in south-central Idaho, all four psyllid haplotypes were identified, but the predominant haplotype was the Western haplotype (77 %). Here, Northwestern psyllids were detected early in the season from June to mid-August, whereas Central psyllids were detected in late July and thereafter. These results suggest that haplotype composition of psyllid populations in potato fields throughout the 2012 growing season in south-central Idaho differed greatly from those in Washington and Oregon. Additionally, all psyllids were analyzed for the presence of Lso, and no Lso-positive psyllids were found in Washington and Oregon, whereas Lso-positive psyllids were found in south-central Idaho. These Lso-positive psyllids consisted of the Western, Northwestern, and Central haplotypes. C1 [Swisher, Kylie D.; Crosslin, James M.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Sengoda, Venkatesan G.; Dixon, Jacob; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Murphy, Alexzandra F.; Rondon, Silvia I.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. [Thompson, Brandon; Karasev, Alexander V.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Wenninger, Erik J.; Olsen, Nora] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM joseph.munyaneza@ars.usda.gov FU Washington State Potato Commission; Idaho Potato Commission; Idaho State Department of Agriculture; USDA-SCRI Project [2009-51181-20176]; USDA-RAMP Project [2009-51101-05892] FX We thank Millie Heidt, Francisco de la Rosa, Sawyer Delp, Sahar Eid, Cheryn Clayton, Neyle Perdomo, Amy Carroll, Vince Adamson, Megan Williams, and Carlie Wilkins for their technical assistance in the field and laboratory. Financial support for this research was provided by the Washington State Potato Commission, the Idaho Potato Commission, the Idaho State Department of Agriculture, USDA-SCRI Project # 2009-51181-20176 and USDA-RAMP Project # 2009-51101-05892. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 485 EP 491 DI 10.1007/s12230-014-9378-8 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ8CJ UT WOS:000343049900007 ER PT J AU Bamberg, J Suriano, J del Rio, A Cooper, WR Abad, J Fernandez, C AF Bamberg, John Suriano, Jana del Rio, Alfonso Cooper, W. Rodney Abad, Jorge Fernandez, Charles TI Matryoshka: A New Floral Mutant in Wild Potato SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Floral mutant; Wild potato; Fendleri; Decoy fruit AB A population of the wild potato S. stoloniferum form fendleri (PI 660270) was collected as botanical seeds in the Santa Rita Mountains near Green Valley, Arizona, USA in fall 2010. Original seeds planted for multiplication at the genebank produced two plants with extra whorls of petals, sometimes fused with anthers, and, most remarkably, successive whorls of petals, anthers and carpels nested inside the primary carpel. This mutant was named matryoshka after the similarly nested Russian dolls. Floral morphology of mutants varies. It can have nearly normal male and female fertility in some individuals. Crossing studies indicate that the mutant form is dominant. Expression of the mutant may vary over the flowering cycle of the plant, with earlier flowers appearing mutant and later flowers appearing normal. Tests for pathogens were negative. Flower development mutants are of interest considering the potential for manipulating interspecific crossability, apomixis, and virus elimination in potato, and their usefulness may be extended to the important closely-related fruit crops of tomato, pepper, and eggplant. Matryoshka could also be useful in studies of potato adaptation in the wild: For example, seedless matryoshka fruit may serve as decoys to suppress the seed-eating larvae of Odenicarena fruit flies and Cecidomyiid gall flies which are especially prevalent in the geographic area where the mutant originates. C1 [Bamberg, John] ARS, USDA, US Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. [Suriano, Jana; del Rio, Alfonso; Fernandez, Charles] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, US Potato Genebank, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Cooper, W. Rodney] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Abad, Jorge] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bamberg, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Potato Genebank, 4312 Hwy 42, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. EM John.Bamberg@ars.usda.gov OI Del Rio, Alfonso/0000-0001-8780-747X FU Princeton University FX The authors thank the University of Wisconsin Peninsular Agricultural Research Station staff and program for their cooperation; Adele Douglass, Sheila Stoneman, Tim Kazmierczak, and Kyle LaPlant of USPG for technical assistance; Karen Williams of the USDA/NGRL Plant Exploration Office, Beltsville, MD for supporting the 2010 and 2012 collecting expeditions; and Princeton University for support through the Independent Projects Fund. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 500 EP 503 DI 10.1007/s12230-014-9380-1 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ8CJ UT WOS:000343049900009 ER PT J AU Cooper, WR Bamberg, JB AF Cooper, W. Rodney Bamberg, John B. TI Variation in Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) Oviposition, Survival, and Development on Solanum bulbocastanum Germplasm SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Potato psyllid; Tomato psyllid; Resistance; Liberibacter; Wild potato ID LATE BLIGHT RESISTANCE; ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; MACROSIPHUM-EUPHORBIA; INSECT RESISTANCE; MYZUS-PERSICAE; WILD SOLANUM; NEW-ZEALAND; POTATO; GENE AB The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, is a key pest of potato and important vector of the pathogen that causes zebra chip disease. Control of zebra chip relies entirely on the use of insecticides to reduce populations of this vector. The development of potato varieties resistant to B. cockerelli would contribute to cost-effective control of this insect. Wild potato germplasm are key sources for desirable traits including pest resistance to develop new potato cultivars. Our objective was to screen Solanum bulbocastanum germplasm for resistance to B. cockerelli. The combined use of choice and no-choice assays demonstrated considerable variability among S. bulbocastanum populations in their susceptibility to psyllids. At least six S. bulbocastanum populations exhibited resistance to B. cockerelli: PI 243512, PI 243513, PI 255518, PI 275194, PI 275197, and PI 283096. The documentation of the variability among S. bulbocastanum germplasm populations in their susceptibility to B. cockerelli can aid the development of potato cultivars that are naturally resistant to the potato psyllid. C1 [Cooper, W. Rodney] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Bamberg, John B.] ARS, USDA, US Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. RP Cooper, WR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Rodney.Cooper@ars.usda.gov RI Cooper, William/D-3205-2017 NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 532 EP 537 DI 10.1007/s12230-014-9384-x PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ8CJ UT WOS:000343049900013 ER PT J AU Arbellay, E Stoffel, M Sutherland, EK Smith, KT Falk, DA AF Arbellay, Estelle Stoffel, Markus Sutherland, Elaine K. Smith, Kevin T. Falk, Donald A. TI Resin duct size and density as ecophysiological traits in fire scars of Pseudotsuga menziesii and Larix occidentalis SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Ecophysiology; conifer; fire scar; Larix occidentalis; western larch; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Douglas fir; resin duct; tree defence; wood anatomy ID UPPER MONTANE FORESTS; STAND-REPLACING FIRE; METHYL JASMONATE; NORWAY SPRUCE; DEFENSE-MECHANISMS; PINUS-RADIATA; CAMBIAL ZONE; STEM ANATOMY; CONIFERS; XYLEM AB Background and Aims Resin ducts (RDs) are features present in most conifer species as defence structures against pests and pathogens; however, little is known about RD expression in trees following fire injury. This study investigates changes in RD size and density in fire scars of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and western larch (Larix occidentalis) as a means to evaluate the ecophysiological significance of traumatic resinosis for tree defence and survival. Methods Transverse and tangential microsections were prepared for light microscopy and image analysis in order to analyse axial and radial RDs, respectively. Epithelial cells of RDs and fusiform rays associated with radial RDs were also examined. RDs were compared between normal xylem and wound xylem at four different section heights along the fire-injured stem. Key Results Following fire injury, P. menziesii axial RDs narrowed by 38-43% in the first year after injury, and the magnitude of this change increased with stem height. Larix occidentalis axial RDs widened by 46-50% in the second year after injury. Radial RDs were of equivalent size in P. menziesii, but widened by 162-214% in L. occidentalis. Fusiform rays were larger following fire injury, by 4-14% in P. menziesii and by 23-38% in L. occidentalis. Furthermore, axial RD density increased in both species due to the formation of tangential rows of traumatic RDs, especially in the first and second years after injury. However, radial RD density did not change significantly. Conclusions These results highlight traumatic resinosis as a species-specific response. Pseudotsuga menziesii produce RDs of equivalent or reduced size, whereas L. occidentalis produce wider RDs in both the axial and radial duct system, thereby increasing resin biosynthesis and accumulation within the whole tree. Larix occidentalis thus appears to allocate more energy to defence than P. menziesii. C1 [Arbellay, Estelle; Stoffel, Markus] Univ Bern, Inst Geol Sci, Dendrolab Ch, Bern, Switzerland. [Stoffel, Markus] Univ Geneva, Inst Environm Sci, Geneva, Switzerland. [Sutherland, Elaine K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Smith, Kevin T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. [Falk, Donald A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ USA. [Falk, Donald A.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Arbellay, E (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Tree Ring Lab, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM arbellay@mail.ubc.ca RI Stoffel, Markus/A-1793-2017 OI Stoffel, Markus/0000-0003-0816-1303 FU US Forest Service Research and Development; National Fire Plan Research funds FX We thank the Lolo National Forest, Missoula Ranger District for their co-operation during the planning and sampling phase of this study. This work was supported in part by US Forest Service Research and Development and National Fire Plan Research funds. We are grateful for the assistance of Josh Farella, David K. Wright and especially Ian R. Hyp (all US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station) for sampling and preparing the cross-sections. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 25 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 EI 1095-8290 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 114 IS 5 BP 973 EP 980 DI 10.1093/aob/mcu168 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ8NF UT WOS:000343082000007 PM 25122653 ER PT J AU Manning, BB Abbas, HK Wise, DJ Greenway, T AF Manning, Bruce B. Abbas, Hamed K. Wise, David J. Greenway, Terry TI The effect of feeding diets containing deoxynivalenol contaminated corn on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE mycotoxin; deoxynivalenol; channel catfish; challenged; Edwardsiella ictaluri ID T-2 TOXIN; EXPOSURE AB Channel catfish were fed practical corn-soybean meal diets for 10 weeks that contained various weighed amounts of ground, dried field corn contaminated with 20 mg deoxynivalenol (DON) kg(-1). Weighed amounts of DON corn were blended with weighed amounts of ground, clean corn that contained no DON (0 mg kg(-1)) to yield five diets that had 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mg DON kg(-1) of diet. Results show that catfish fed diets that contained DON for 7 weeks did not experience lower weight gains or poorer feed conversion ratios that were significantly (P > 0.05) different from control-fed fish. Mortality of catfish during the 21-day post-challenge period indicate that catfish fed diets containing DON-contaminated corn that provided at least 5.0 mg DON kg(-1) of diet had significantly (P < 0.05) lower mortality than catfish fed the control diet or the diet that provided 2.5 mg DON kg(-1) of diet. The presence of DON-contaminated corn in the experimental diets did not significantly (P > 0.05) alter fish body weight gains and appeared to provide a protective effect for channel catfish challenged with the pathogenic bacterium Edwardsiella ictaluri. C1 [Manning, Bruce B.; Wise, David J.; Greenway, Terry] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, NBCL, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Manning, BB (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 197, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bmanning@drec.msstate.edu FU Catfish Health Initiative SCA [68-6402-7-190] FX This manuscript is approved for publication as Journal Article No. 1-2172 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University. This project was supported by the Catfish Health Initiative SCA 68-6402-7-190. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1355-557X EI 1365-2109 J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 45 IS 11 BP 1782 EP 1786 DI 10.1111/are.12123 PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AQ6DR UT WOS:000342899400006 ER PT J AU Chen, S Schueneman, G Pipes, RB Youngblood, J Moon, RJ AF Chen, Si Schueneman, Greg Pipes, R. Byron Youngblood, Jeffrey Moon, Robert J. TI Effects of Crystal Orientation on Cellulose Nanocrystals-Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite Fibers Prepared by Dry Spinning SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYVINYL-ALCOHOL; X-RAY; ELECTROSPUN; NANOWHISKERS; WHISKERS; SUSPENSIONS; FILMS; DIFFRACTION; NANOFIBRES AB This work presents the development of dry spun cellulose acetate (CA) fibers using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as reinforcements. Increasing amounts of CNCs were dispersed into CA fibers in efforts to improve the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the fiber. A systematic characterization of dispersion of CNCs in the polymer fiber and their effect on the nanocomposites' mechanical properties is described. The birefringence, thermal properties, and degree of CNC orientation of the fibers are discussed. 2D X-ray diffraction was used to quantify the degree of CNC alignment within the fibers. It is shown that the CNC alignment directly correlates to the mechanical properties of the composite. Maximum improvements of 137% in tensile strength and 637% in elastic modulus were achieved. Empirical micromechanical models Halpin-Tsai equation and an orientation modified Cox model were used to predict the fiber performance and compared with experimental results. C1 [Chen, Si; Pipes, R. Byron] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pipes, R. Byron; Youngblood, Jeffrey; Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pipes, R. Byron] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Schueneman, Greg; Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Youngblood, J (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. FU U.S. Department of Defense, Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0162]; USDA Forest Service [11-JV-11111129-118]; material science department at Purdue University FX This work has been supported by The U.S. Department of Defense, Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Grant No. FA9550-11-1-0162) and USDA Forest Service (Grant No. 11-JV-11111129-118). The authors thank Steve Lacher and Dave Eustice at the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, for the design and processing of the spinner unit, respectively, and the material science department at Purdue University for support and the usage of characterization equipment. NR 53 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 69 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 EI 1526-4602 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 10 BP 3827 EP 3835 DI 10.1021/bm501161v PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AQ7VF UT WOS:000343026600039 PM 25226382 ER PT J AU Le, HND Kim, MS Hwang, J Yang, Y U-Thainual, P Kang, JU Kim, DH AF Le, Hanh N. D. Kim, Moon S. Hwang, Jeeseong Yang, Yi U-Thainual, Paweena Kang, Jin U. Kim, Do-Hyun TI An average enumeration method of hyperspectral imaging data for quantitative evaluation of medical device surface contamination SO BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; CATHETER-RELATED INFECTIONS; SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER; BIOFILM RESISTANCE; ALGORITHM; GROWTH; AGENTS AB We propose a quantification method called Mapped Average Principal component analysis Score (MAPS) to enumerate the contamination coverage on common medical device surfaces. The method was adapted from conventional Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on non-overlapped regions of a full frame hyperspectral image to resolve the percentage of contamination from the substrate. The concept was proven by using a controlled contamination sample with artificial test soil and color simulating organic mixture, and was further validated using a bacterial system including biofilm on stainless steel surface. We also validate the results of MAPS with other statistical spectral analysis including Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM). The proposed method provides an alternative quantification method for hyperspectral imaging data, which can be easily implemented by basic PCA analysis. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America C1 [Le, Hanh N. D.; Yang, Yi; U-Thainual, Paweena; Kim, Do-Hyun] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Le, Hanh N. D.; Kang, Jin U.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kim, Moon S.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Hwang, Jeeseong] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Le, HND (reprint author), US FDA, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. EM do-hyun.kim@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration Critical Path Initiative FX The authors thank Victoria M. Hitchins for the help in preparing biofilm samples. This work was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Critical Path Initiative. Disclaimer: The mention of commercial products, their sources, or their use in connection with material reported here is not to be construed as either an actual or implied endorsement of such products by the Department of Health and Human Services and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2156-7085 J9 BIOMED OPT EXPRESS JI Biomed. Opt. Express PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 5 IS 10 BP 3613 EP 3627 DI 10.1364/BOE.5.003613 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA AQ9BI UT WOS:000343135200029 PM 25360377 ER PT J AU Inman-Narahari, F Ostertag, R Asner, GP Cordell, S Hubbell, SP Sack, L AF Inman-Narahari, Faith Ostertag, Rebecca Asner, Gregory P. Cordell, Susan Hubbell, Stephen P. Sack, Lawren TI Trade-offs in seedling growth and survival within and across tropical forest microhabitats SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Determinants of plant community diversity and structure; light; performance rank changes; plant population and community dynamics; regeneration niche; relative growth rate; substrate; survival; topography; tropical forest diversity ID DIPTEROCARP RAIN-FOREST; TREE SEEDLINGS; WOODY SEEDLINGS; HABITAT SPECIALIZATION; SPECIES COEXISTENCE; REGENERATION NICHE; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; UNDERSTOREY LIGHT; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; SPATIAL VARIATION AB For niche differences to maintain coexistence of sympatric species, each species must grow and/or survive better than each of the others in at least one set of conditions (i.e., performance trade-offs). However, the extent of niche differentiation in tropical forests remains highly debated. We present the first test of performance trade-offs for wild seedlings in a tropical forest. We measured seedling relative growth rate (RGR) and survival of four common native woody species across 18 light, substrate, and topography microhabitats over 2.5 years within Hawaiian montane wet forest, an ideal location due to its low species diversity and strong species habitat associations. All six species pairs exhibited significant performance trade-offs across microhabitats and for RGR versus survival within microhabitats. We also found some evidence of performance equivalence, with species pairs having similar performance in 26% of comparisons across microhabitats. Across species, survival under low light was generally positively associated with RGR under high light. When averaged over all species, topography (slope, aspect, and elevation) explained most of the variation in RGR attributable to microhabitat variables (51-53%) followed by substrate type (35-37%) and light (11-12%). However, the relative effects of microhabitat differed among species and RGR metric (i.e., RGR for height, biomass, or leaf area). These findings indicate that performance trade-offs among species during regeneration are common in low-diversity tropical forest, although other mechanisms may better explain the coexistence of species with small performance differences. C1 [Inman-Narahari, Faith; Hubbell, Stephen P.; Sack, Lawren] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ostertag, Rebecca] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Asner, Gregory P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hubbell, Stephen P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Balboa, Panama. RP Inman-Narahari, F (reprint author), Komohana Res & Extens Ctr, 875 Komohana St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM ohia@ucla.edu RI Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013; Sack, Lawren/A-5492-2008 OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421; Sack, Lawren/0000-0002-7009-7202 FU National Science Foundation [EPSCoR 0554657, IOS-0546784]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Center for Tropical Forest Science; University of California, Los Angeles; University of Hawaii; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry (USFS-IPIF) FX We are grateful for substantial help from numerous field assistants, including K. Nelson-Kaula, M. Murphy, R. Moseley, K. Wailani-Nihipali, and others with the Hawaii Community College Tropical Forest Ecosystem and Agroforestry Management program and University of Hawaii at Hilo Pacific Internship Programs for Exploring Science programs. B. Hwang, M. Nullet, P. Scowcroft, and J. Schulten provided invaluable logistical assistance. The National Science Foundation (Grants EPSCoR 0554657 and IOS-0546784); the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Center for Tropical Forest Science; the University of California, Los Angeles; the University of Hawaii; and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry (USFS-IPIF) provided financial and other essential support. We thank USFS-IPIF and the Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife/Department of Land and Natural Resources for access to the Hawaii Experimental Tropical Forest. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is made possible by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, W. M. Keck Foundation, Margaret A. Cargill Foundation, Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker Jr., and William R. Hearst III. Finally, we thank C. Giardina, N. Inman-Narahari, T. Paine, W. Carson, D. J. Johnson, and an anonymous reviewer for insightful comments. NR 85 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 4 IS 19 BP 3755 EP 3767 DI 10.1002/ece3.1196 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AQ9KM UT WOS:000343171400004 PM 25614790 ER PT J AU Rausch, MA Kroemer, JA Gassmann, AJ Hellmich, RL AF Rausch, Michael A. Kroemer, Jeremy A. Gassmann, Aaron J. Hellmich, Richard L. TI On-Plant Selection and Genetic Analysis of European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Behavioral Traits: Plant Abandonment Versus Plant Establishment SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ostrinia nubilalis; plant abandonment; plant establishment; Onslmo; foraging ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS; INSECT RESISTANCE; BT CORN; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; FIELD-RESISTANCE; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; TRANSGENIC CORN; PINK-BOLLWORM AB Although some studies have investigated how insect behavior could influence resistance evolution to transgenic plants, none have determined if behavioral traits respond to selection pressure and how they may be inherited. We investigated plant establishment and abandonment traits for the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalisi (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), by conducting a laboratory selection experiment and quantifying patterns of gene expression. Egg masses with emerging larvae were placed on maize plants and silking individuals were collected every 15 min during a 4-h period to generate a plant abandonment (PA) colony. Plants were dissected 24-72 h later, and larvae were collected for a plant establishment colony. Selection of the PA colony showed an increased propensity to abandon the host plant by the third generation. The propensity for larvae to establish on the plants, however, did not show a significant response until the sixth generation. Quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine expression profiles for behavior associated genes (foraging and Onslmo). Egg samples from the two selected colonies and nonselected laboratory colony were collected at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after egg deposition, and first instars were sampled after exposure to maize tissue. Compared with the plant establishment and nonselected laboratory colonies at the 0-h time period, foraging and Onslmo showed higher expression in the PA colony. This is the first study that has specifically selected for these traits over several generations and analyzed behavior-associated genes to elucidate genetic changes. C1 [Rausch, Michael A.; Kroemer, Jeremy A.; Gassmann, Aaron J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Rausch, MA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mrausch@iastate.edu FU Corn Permanent Research Fund grant from the American Seed Research Foundation; USDA Biotechnology Risk Assessment and Research Grants program FX This article is based on a Master's of Science thesis for the Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, and reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by USDA or Iowa State University for its use. Special thanks to Susan Moser for conducting preliminary experiments and contributing ideas, Tyas Kroemer for her assistance with generating the expression profile data, Amy Toth for assistance with analysis of expression profile data, Elizabeth Schrum for assisting with the selection experiment, and Keith Bidne for maintaining the O. nubilalis colonies. Research was funded by a Corn Permanent Research Fund grant from the American Seed Research Foundation and by a grant from the USDA Biotechnology Risk Assessment and Research Grants program. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1254 EP 1263 DI 10.1603/EN14107 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ9YQ UT WOS:000343216400014 PM 25203864 ER PT J AU Meng, PS Trotter, RT Keena, MA Baker, TC Yan, S Schwartzberg, EG Hoover, K AF Meng, P. S. Trotter, R. T. Keena, M. A. Baker, T. C. Yan, S. Schwartzberg, E. G. Hoover, K. TI Effects of Pheromone and Plant Volatile Release Rates and Ratios on Trapping Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anoplophora glabripennis; male-produced pheromone; plant volatile; kairomone; monitoring trap ID ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; SEX-PHEROMONES; UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLE; HOST; SEMIOCHEMICALS; ATTRACTANT; SCOLYTIDAE; MANAGEMENT AB Native to China and Korea, the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a polyphagous wood-boring pest for which a trapping system would greatly benefit eradication and management programs in both the introduced and native ranges. Over two field seasons, a total of 160 flight intercept panel traps were deployed in Harbin, China, which trapped a total of 65 beetles. In 2012, traps using lures with a 1: 1 ratio of the male-produced pheromone components (4-(n-heptyloxy) butanal and 4-(n-heptyloxy) butan-1-ol) designed to release at a rate of 1 or 4 milligram per day per component in conjunction with the plant volatiles (-)-linalool, trans-caryophyllene, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol caught significantly more A. glabripennis females than other pheromone release rates, other pheromone ratios, plant volatiles only, and no lure controls. Males were caught primarily in traps baited with plant volatiles only. In 2013, 10x higher release rates of these plant volatiles were tested, and linalool oxide was evaluated as a fourth plant volatile in combination with a 1: 1 ratio of the male-produced pheromone components emitted at a rate of 2 milligram per day per component. Significantly more females were trapped using the pheromone with the 10-fold higher three or four plant volatile release rates compared with the plant volatiles only, low four plant volatile + pheromone, and control. Our findings show that the male-produced pheromone in combination with plant volatiles can be used to detect A. glabripennis. Results also indicate that emitters should be monitored during the field season, as release rates fluctuate with environmental conditions and can be strongly influenced by formulation additives. C1 [Meng, P. S.; Baker, T. C.; Hoover, K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Meng, P. S.; Baker, T. C.; Hoover, K.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Chem Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Trotter, R. T.; Keena, M. A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Yan, S.] Northeast Forestry Univ, Dept Forest Protect, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Pr, Peoples R China. [Schwartzberg, E. G.] Adirondack Res LLC, Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA. RP Hoover, K (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, 501 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM kxh25@psu.edu FU Alphawood Foundation; USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry Northeastern Area, Technology & Methods Development [10-CA-11420004-316]; Horticultural Research Institute FX We thank Y. Zhou, K. Zhang, J. Wang, and N. Fang in the Yan research group at the Northeast Forestry University in Harbin, People's Republic of China, for field assistance. Nate McCartney and Liz McCarthy performed the GC and gravimetric analyses of pheromone release rates. We thank Jacob Wickham at the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for providing field assistance. The Penn State Statistical Consulting center provided statistical advice. This work was supported by grants to K.H. from the Alphawood Foundation, the Horticultural Research Institute, USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry Northeastern Area, Technology & Methods Development 10-CA-11420004-316. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 33 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1379 EP 1388 DI 10.1603/EN14129 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ9YQ UT WOS:000343216400026 PM 25259696 ER PT J AU Smith, L AF Smith, Lincoln TI Prediction of the Geographic Distribution of the Psyllid, Arytinnis hakani (Homoptera: Psyllidae), a Prospective Biological Control Agent of Genista monspessulana, Based on the Effect of Temperature on Development, Fecundity, and Survival SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE population growth; demography; life history; temperature; climate matching ID TREE MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA; LIFE-HISTORY PARAMETERS; INVASIVE TREE; BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE; HEMIPTERA PSYLLIDAE; HOST-RANGE; ESTABLISHMENT; LEPIDOPTERA; MANAGEMENT; MORTALITY AB The psyllid, Arytinnis hakani (Loginova), is a prospective biological control agent of Genista monspessulana (French broom), an invasive shrub originating from western Europe. It is a multivoltine species that is not known to diapause. The insect is established in Australia, where it appears to cause heavy defoliation and mortality of the target weed, except at warm sunny sites. This suggests that bright light or high temperatures may hamper the agent. We measured the effect of temperature on development rate, survival, and fecundity of the psyllid to determine its suitable temperature range. Intrinsic rate of increase was highest near 22 degrees C, and there was no population growth at the extremes of 5 degrees C and 26 degrees C. Net reproductive rate was highest at 16.5 degrees C. Fecundity was highest at 22 degrees C, and decreased to half at 16 degrees C and at 27 degrees C. Adult female longevity decreased with increasing temperature over the range studied. Nymphal survivorship was highest at 16 degrees C and dropped to 0% at 5 degrees C and 26 degrees C. Eggs were able to complete development in 83 d at 5 degrees C, but with only 20% survivorship versus 78-95% survivorship at higher temperatures. For populations with a stable age distribution, only 2 3% of the population is in the adult stage. Climate modeling using CLIMEX indicated that the geographic distribution of the psyllid is constrained by high temperature stress in Australia. The psyllid is predicted to be suitable in coastal California but not in the Sierra foothills. C1 USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Smith, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Link.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 31 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1389 EP 1398 DI 10.1603/EN14086 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ9YQ UT WOS:000343216400027 PM 25199116 ER PT J AU Lu, ZB Tian, JC Han, NS Hu, C Peng, YF Stanley, D Ye, GY AF Lu, Z. B. Tian, J. C. Han, N. S. Hu, C. Peng, Y. F. Stanley, David Ye, G. Y. TI No Direct Effects of Two Transgenic Bt Rice Lines, T1C-19 and T2A-1, on the Arthropod Communities SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; cry1C; cry2A; arthropod community; nontarget organism ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS BERLINER; CANDIDA COLLEMBOLA ISOTOMIDAE; BORDER MEMBRANE-VESICLES; SYNTHETIC CRY1AB GENE; DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; CNAPHALOCROCIS-MEDINALIS; NONTARGET ARTHROPODS; INSECT RESISTANCE; FIELD-EVALUATION; STEM BORERS AB A2-yr field trial was conducted to assess the impacts of two new transgenic Bt rice lines, T1C-19 expressing Cry1C protein and T2A-1 expressing Cry2A protein, on the arthropod community sampled via vacuum. All the arthropods were classified into five guilds, including herbivores, parasitoids, predators, detritivores, and others. The seasonal density and dominance distribution of each guild and community-level indices (species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index, and evenness index) were compared among rice types. Principal response curves were used to investigate the differences of entire arthropod community of Bt rice plots relative to non-Bt rice plots. The results showed no significant difference was detected in the community-level indices and dominance distribution of guilds between Bt and non-Bt rice plots. The seasonal density of herbivores, detritivores, and others as well as density of the arthropod overall community were also not significantly affected by rice types in either year, although the density of predators and parasitoids in Bt rice plots was significantly lower than those in non-Bt rice plots. The lower abundances of Braconidae, Eulophidae, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), and Theridiidae in Bt rice plots are likely attributed to the lower abundances of prey species or hosts. Principal response curves revealed that arthropod community in Bt was similar with that in non-Bt rice plots. In conclusion, our findings indicate that these two tested Bt rice lines had no marked negative effects on the arthropod community in the paddy fields. C1 [Lu, Z. B.; Han, N. S.; Hu, C.; Ye, G. Y.] Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Lu, Z. B.; Han, N. S.; Hu, C.; Ye, G. Y.] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Insect Sci, Key Lab Agr Entomol, Minist Agr, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Tian, J. C.] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect & Microbiol, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Peng, Y. F.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Stanley, David] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. RP Ye, GY (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM chu@zju.edu.cn FU Special Research Projects for Developing Transgenic Plants [2013ZX08011-001]; National Special Agricultural Research Projects for Public Welfare, China [201303017]; China National Science Fund for Innovative Research Group of Biological Control [31321063] FX We thank Prof. Y. J. Lin (Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China) for providing the original seeds of Bt rice lines and Prof. Q. Y. Tang (Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China) for helping with our data analysis. Financial support was provided by the Special Research Projects for Developing Transgenic Plants (2013ZX08011-001), National Special Agricultural Research Projects for Public Welfare, China (201303017), and China National Science Fund for Innovative Research Group of Biological Control (Grant 31321063). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. All programs and services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. NR 78 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1453 EP 1463 DI 10.1603/EN14089 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ9YQ UT WOS:000343216400034 PM 25203669 ER PT J AU Karpuzcu, ME Fairbairn, D Arnold, WA Barber, BL Kaufenberg, E Koskinen, WC Novak, PJ Rice, PJ Swackhamer, DL AF Karpuzcu, M. Ekrem Fairbairn, David Arnold, William A. Barber, Brian L. Kaufenberg, Elizabeth Koskinen, William C. Novak, Paige J. Rice, Pamela J. Swackhamer, Deborah L. TI Identifying sources of emerging organic contaminants in a mixed use watershed using principal components analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID DOMESTIC WASTE-WATER; SURFACE-WATER; SEPTIC SYSTEM; PHARMACEUTICALS; CAFFEINE; GROUNDWATER; PESTICIDES; EFFLUENT; STREAMS; RIVER AB Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to identify sources of emerging organic contaminants in the Zumbro River watershed in Southeastern Minnesota. Two main principal components (PCs) were identified, which together explained more than 50% of the variance in the data. Principal Component 1 (PC1) was attributed to urban wastewater-derived sources, including municipal wastewater and residential septic tank effluents, while Principal Component 2 (PC2) was attributed to agricultural sources. The variances of the concentrations of cotinine, DEET and the prescription drugs carbamazepine, erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole were best explained by PC1, while the variances of the concentrations of the agricultural pesticides atrazine, metolachlor and acetochlor were best explained by PC2. Mixed use compounds carbaryl, iprodione and daidzein did not specifically group with either PC1 or PC2. Furthermore, despite the fact that caffeine and acetaminophen have been historically associated with human use, they could not be attributed to a single dominant land use category (e.g., urban/residential or agricultural). Contributions from septic systems did not clarify the source for these two compounds, suggesting that additional sources, such as runoff from biosolid-amended soils, may exist. Based on these results, PCA may be a useful way to broadly categorize the sources of new and previously uncharacterized emerging contaminants or may help to clarify transport pathways in a given area. Acetaminophen and caffeine were not ideal markers for urban/residential contamination sources in the study area and may need to be reconsidered as such in other areas as well. C1 [Karpuzcu, M. Ekrem; Swackhamer, Deborah L.] Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fairbairn, David; Kaufenberg, Elizabeth] Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Sci Grad Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Arnold, William A.; Novak, Paige J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Environm & Geoengn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Barber, Brian L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Koskinen, William C.; Rice, Pamela J.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Karpuzcu, ME (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Ctr, 1985 Buford Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mkarpuzc@umn.edu OI Karpuzcu, Mahmut Ekrem/0000-0002-6245-9621; Arnold, William/0000-0003-0814-5469 FU Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund FX This work was supported by the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCCMR). We thank McGhie Betts, Inc. (Rochester, MN) for the technical support on watershed characterization. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 53 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PD OCT PY 2014 VL 16 IS 10 BP 2390 EP 2399 DI 10.1039/c4em00324a PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9SP UT WOS:000343196600017 PM 25135154 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, NA Serao, NVL Kerr, BJ Zijlstra, RT Patience, JF AF Gutierrez, N. A. Serao, N. V. L. Kerr, B. J. Zijlstra, R. T. Patience, J. F. TI Relationships among dietary fiber components and the digestibility of energy, dietary fiber, and amino acids and energy content of nine corn coproducts fed to growing pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE corn coproducts; dietary fiber; digestibility; energy; pig ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; NONSTARCH POLYSACCHARIDES; METABOLIZABLE ENERGY; CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; NUTRITIONAL-VALUE; WHEAT BRAN; 10 SAMPLES; SOLUBLES; PREDICTION; PHOSPHORUS AB An experiment was conducted to determine a best fitting dietary fiber (DF) component to estimate the effect of DF concentration on the digestibility of energy, DF, and AA and energy value of 9 corn coproducts: corn bran (37.0% total nonstarch polysaccharides [NSP]); corn bran with solubles (17.1% NSP); cooked corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 20.4% NSP); reduced oil DDGS (25.0% NSP); uncooked DDGS (22.0% NSP); high protein distillers dried grains (21.9% NSP); dehulled, degermed corn (1.1% NSP); corn germ meal (44.4% NSP); and corn gluten meal (4.9% NSP). A total of 20 growing pigs (initial BW: 25.9 +/- 2.5 kg) were fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and allotted to 10 dietary treatment groups in a 4-period incomplete block design with 8 observations per treatment. Treatments included a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet and 9 diets obtained by mixing 70% of the basal diet with 30% of the test ingredient. In tested ingredients, 11 DF components were determined: 1) ADF, 2) NDF, 3) total dietary fiber, 4) hemicellulose, 5) total NSP, 6) NSP arabinose, 7) NSP xylose, 8) NSP mannose, 9) NSP glucose, 10) NSP galactose, and 11) arabinoxylan. The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of GE, DM, and NDF and the AID of AA of ingredients were measured. A single best fitting DF component was assessed and ranked for each trait, showing that arabinoxylan concentration best explained variance in AID of GE (R-2 = 0.65; cubic, P < 0.01) and DM (R-2 = 0.67; cubic, P < 0.01). The NSP xylose residue best explained variance in ATTD of GE (R-2 = 0.80; cubic, P < 0.01), DM (R-2 = 0.78; cubic, P < 0.01), and NDF (R-2 = 0.63; cubic, P < 0.01); AID of Met (R-2 = 0.40; cubic, P = 0.02), Met + Cys (R-2 = 0.44; cubic, P = 0.04), and Trp (R-2 = 0.11; cubic, P = 0.04); and DE (R-2 = 0.66; linear, P = 0.02) and ME (R-2 = 0.71; cubic, P = 0.01) values. The AID of Lys was not predictable (P > 0.05) from the DF concentration. In conclusion, the arabinoxylan and NSP xylose residue were the DF components that best explained variation due to DF concentration and, with the exception of AID of Lys, can be used to predict the digestibility of energy and DF and the DE and ME values in corn coproducts. C1 [Gutierrez, N. A.; Serao, N. V. L.; Patience, J. F.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zijlstra, R. T.] Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. RP Patience, JF (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jfp@iastate.edu FU National Pork Board; Dakota Gold Research Foundation FX Financial support for this research was provided on behalf of the National Pork Board and Dakota Gold Research Foundation. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by Iowa State University, the University of Alberta, or the USDA and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 92 IS 10 BP 4505 EP 4517 DI 10.2527/jas2013-7265 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AQ8UL UT WOS:000343109300024 PM 25149339 ER PT J AU Jang, YD Lindemann, MD Agudelo-Trujillo, JH Escobar, CS Kerr, BJ Inocencio, N Cromwell, GL AF Jang, Y. D. Lindemann, M. D. Agudelo-Trujillo, J. H. Escobar, C. S. Kerr, B. J. Inocencio, N. Cromwell, G. L. TI Comparison of direct and indirect estimates of apparent total tract digestibility in swine with effort to reduce variation by pooling of multiple day fecal samples SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE apparent total tract digestibility; collection method; marker; pigs; variation ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; GROWING PIGS; CHROMIUM-OXIDE; DIURNAL VARIATIONS; INSOLUBLE ASH; FAECES; MARKERS; DIETS; FECES AB The intent of this study was to establish a fecal sampling procedure for the indicator method (IM) to provide digestibility values similar to those obtained by the total collection (TC) method. A total of 24 pigs (52.6 +/- 1.5 kg) were fed 1 of 4 diets with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of virginiamycin and phytase (PHY) added to a corn-soybean meal diet with no inorganic P supplement. Pigs were housed in metabolism crates for a 5-d TC period after 7 d of adaptation. Immediately after the TC, a fecal collection period followed, using the IM by including 0.25% of Cr2O3 in the feed for 10 d. Fecal collection for the IM started the day after diets containing Cr2O3 were first fed, and continued for 9 consecutive days with a single grab sample per day. Similar portions of feces from d 5 to 9 were also composited into 4 samples to evaluate multi-day pooling combinations. Highly variable means and CV among samples for apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) were observed at d 1 and 2 using the IM. The mean ATTD for DM, GE, and nutrients appeared to be stabilized by d 5 or 6 in all dietary treatments. The TC data seemed to have lower CV than the IM data for many components. Based on the linear broken-line analysis, fecal Cr concentration plateaued at d 3.75 (P < 0.001) after the first feeding of Cr. Mean ATTD values by the IM were lower than those by the TC method for DM (P < 0.05), GE (P < 0.01), P (P < 0.01), and Ca (P < 0.001). The PHY supplementation improved ATTD of P (P < 0.001) and Ca (P < 0.001) in both collection methods, whereas the PHY effect on ATTD of DM was observed only for the IM (P < 0.05). Differences related to PHY effect on ATTD were detected from d 4 to 9 in a single grab sample for P and DM but the ATTD of DM had inconsistent P-values by day. Fecal sampling after 4 d of initial feeding of marker always allowed detection of treatment effects on ATTD of P but not on ATTD of DM. Results indicated that the IM results in lower digestibility values than the TC method and does not provide the same treatment difference as the TC digestibility for energy and nutrients that are not highly impacted by the dietary treatment. For the IM, ATTD values and fecal Cr concentration stabilize at least on d 5 after initial feeding of diets containing Cr2O3. At least 2-d pooling of feces for the IM appears to be needed to provide greater accuracy and lower variations than a single grab sample. C1 [Jang, Y. D.; Lindemann, M. D.; Agudelo-Trujillo, J. H.; Escobar, C. S.; Inocencio, N.; Cromwell, G. L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Lindemann, MD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM merlin.lindemann@uky.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 92 IS 10 BP 4566 EP 4576 DI 10.2527/jas2013-6570 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AQ8UL UT WOS:000343109300030 PM 25184842 ER PT J AU Duckett, SK Rosso, CF Lagreca, GV Miller, MC Neel, JPS Lewis, RM Swecker, WS Fontenot, JP AF Duckett, S. K. Rosso, C. Fernandez Lagreca, G. Volpi Miller, M. C. Neel, J. P. S. Lewis, R. M. Swecker, W. S. Fontenot, J. P. TI Effect of frame size and time-on-pasture on steer performance, longissimus muscle fatty acid composition, and tenderness in a forage-finishing system SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; fatty acids; forage; tenderness ID STOCKER GROWTH-RATE; SARCOMERE-LENGTH; POSTMORTEM PROTEOLYSIS; ANIMAL PERFORMANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; BEEF TENDERNESS; BOVINE MUSCLE; PALATABILITY; CARCASSES; STEAKS AB Angus-cross steers (n = 96; BW = 309 +/- 34 kg; 13.5 mo of age) were used to determine the effects of frame size (medium or small) and time-on-pasture (TOP) on meat composition and palatability in a 2-yr study. Finishing steers grazed mixed pastures (bluegrass/white clover; April start) and were slaughtered after 89-, 146-, and 201-d TOP. At 24 h postmortem, carcass traits were collected and a rib from each carcass was obtained for proximate and fatty acid composition, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), and postmortem proteolysis. In yr 1, postmortem aging treatments included 14 and 28 d, whereas in yr 2, postmortem aging treatments included 2, 4, 7, 14, and 28 d. Increasing frame size of the finishing steers produced greater (P < 0.05) ADG by 0.10 kg, BW by 24 kg, HCW by 14 kg, and ribeye size by 2.65 cm(2). All other carcass, meat composition, and tenderness measures did not differ (P > 0.05) due to frame size or 2-way interaction with TOP. Increasing TOP resulted in quadratic increases (P < 0.01) in BW and HCW. Ribeye area, fat thickness, KPH, marbling scores, quality grades, and yield grades increased (P < 0.001) linearly as TOP increased. Time-on-pasture linearly increased (P = 0.001) palmitic (C16:0) acid, oleic (C18:1 cis-9) acid, SFA, and MUFA in the LM. Both n-6 PUFA, linoleic (C18:2) and arachidonic (C20:4) acids, decreased linearly (P = 0.001) with increasing TOP. Increasing TOP linearly reduced (P = 0.01) concentrations of all n-3 fatty acids in the LM. These changes resulted in a linear reduction (P = 0.01) in n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio with advancing TOP; however, the magnitude of the difference was small (1.46 vs. 1.37). At 14 d of postmortem aging, WBSF was lowest (P < 0.001) for 89-d TOP and greatest (P < 0.05) for the 201-d TOP. After 28 d of postmortem aging, WBSF values for 89- and 146-d TOP did not differ (P > 0.05) compared to the 14-d postmortem aging WBSF values. However, in steaks from 201-d TOP, additional postmortem aging to 28 d reduced (P < 0.001) WBSF. In pasture-based beef finishing systems, increasing TOP increases animal age, HCW, fat thickness, and marbling score; however, tenderness of ribeye steaks decreased with advanced TOP such that longer postmortem aging times were required to achieve similar tenderness levels. C1 [Duckett, S. K.; Rosso, C. Fernandez; Lagreca, G. Volpi; Miller, M. C.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Neel, J. P. S.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Lewis, R. M.; Swecker, W. S.; Fontenot, J. P.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Duckett, SK (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM sducket@clemson.edu RI Swecker, William/K-8186-2016 OI Swecker, William/0000-0003-4044-7563 FU "Economic Pasture-Based Beef Systems for Appalachia" [1932-21630-003-00D] FX Results from "Economic Pasture-Based Beef Systems for Appalachia" research project 1932-21630-003-00D. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 92 IS 10 BP 4767 EP 4774 DI 10.2527/jas2014-7411 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AQ8UL UT WOS:000343109300051 PM 25267999 ER PT J AU Elliot, NB Cushman, SA Macdonald, DW Loveridge, AJ AF Elliot, Nicholas B. Cushman, Samuel A. Macdonald, David W. Loveridge, Andrew J. TI The devil is in the dispersers: predictions of landscape connectivity change with demography SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE conditional logistic regression; connectivity; landscape resistance; least-cost path; natal dispersal; Panthera leo; path level analysis; resistance surfaces ID HUMAN-DOMINATED LANDSCAPE; LIONS PANTHERA-LEO; MOVEMENT BEHAVIOR; HABITAT SELECTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONSERVATION; CORRIDORS; POPULATION; LYNX; CARNIVORES AB 1. Concern about the effects of habitat fragmentation has led to increasing interest in dispersal and connectivity modelling. Most modern techniques for connectivity modelling have resistance surfaces as their foundation. However, resistance surfaces for animal movement are frequently estimated without considering dispersal, despite being the principal natural mechanism by which organisms move between populations. 2. We collected Global Positioning System data over 10 years from 50 African lions Panthera leo (11 male natal dispersers, 20 adult males and 19 adult females) and used a path level analysis to parameterize demographic-specific resistance surfaces for the Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA) in Southern Africa. 3. Lion path selection varied according to demographic grouping: adult females were most averse to risky landscapes such as agro-pastoral lands, towns, areas of high human density and highways. Male natal dispersers were the least-risk averse suggesting they are potentially the most prone demographic to human-lion conflict. Adults of both sexes selected bushed grassland and shrubland habitats and avoided woodland. Male natal dispersers displayed the opposite trend suggesting con-specific avoidance and/or suboptimal habitat use. 4. We used the resistance surfaces to calculate factorial least-cost path networks for each demographic-specific resistance surface and present results that show substantial differences between predicted patterns of connectivity for male natal dispersers, adult females and adult males. 5. Synthesis and applications. Resistance surfaces are widely used to create connectivity models, which are promoted for use by conservation managers. Our results suggest that the demographic category used to parameterize resistance surfaces may lead to radically different conclusions about connectivity. Failure to include dispersing individuals when parameterizing resistance surfaces intended for connectivity modelling may lead to erroneous conclusions about connectivity and potentially unsound management strategies. C1 [Elliot, Nicholas B.; Macdonald, David W.; Loveridge, Andrew J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Wildlife Conservat Res Unit, Recanati Kaplan Ctr, Tubney OX13 5QL, Oxon, England. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Macdonald, DW (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Wildlife Conservat Res Unit, Recanati Kaplan Ctr, Tubney House,Abingdon Rd, Tubney OX13 5QL, Oxon, England. EM david.macdonald@zoo.ox.ac.uk FU Eppley Foundation; Darwin Initiative for Biodiversity Grant; Lillian Jean Kaplan Foundation; RG Frankenberg Foundation; Rufford Foundation; Boesak-Kruger Foundation; Disney Foundation FX The Director General of the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority is acknowledged for permission to carry out this research and publish this manuscript. We are grateful to B. Stapelkamp, J. Hunt, Z. Davidson and ecological staff of HNP in undertaking fieldwork for this study. Thanks also to T. Therneau, F. Broekhuis and K. McGarigal for statistical advice. HNP Lion Project was supported by the Eppley Foundation, the Darwin Initiative for Biodiversity Grant, the Lillian Jean Kaplan Foundation, the RG Frankenberg Foundation, the Rufford Foundation, the Boesak-Kruger Foundation, the Disney Foundation and the very kind generosity of J. Cummings and family, S. Tollman and A. Gardiner. We are grateful to Sebastien Devillard and Grant Hopcraft for their helpful comments while reviewing this manuscript. NR 61 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 15 U2 82 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1169 EP 1178 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12282 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5LS UT WOS:000342851300006 ER PT J AU Knutson, KC Pyke, DA Wirth, TA Arkle, RS Pilliod, DS Brooks, ML Chambers, JC Grace, JB AF Knutson, Kevin C. Pyke, David A. Wirth, Troy A. Arkle, Robert S. Pilliod, David S. Brooks, Matthew L. Chambers, Jeanne C. Grace, James B. TI Long-term effects of seeding after wildfire on vegetation in Great Basin shrubland ecosystems SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aerial seeding; Artemisia tridentata; Bromus; cheatgrass; drill seeding; exotic annuals; non-native annuals; restoration; sagebrush; semi-arid ID BROMUS-TECTORUM; TUSSOCK GRASSES; FIRE; SAGEBRUSH; DISTURBANCE; RANGELANDS; INCREASES; EROSION; USA AB 1. Invasive annual grasses alter fire regimes in shrubland ecosystems of the western USA, threatening ecosystem function and fragmenting habitats necessary for shrub-obligate species such as greater sage-grouse. Post-fire stabilization and rehabilitation treatments have been administered to stabilize soils, reduce invasive species spread and restore or establish sustainable ecosystems in which native species are well represented. Long-term effectiveness of these treatments has rarely been evaluated. 2. We studied vegetation at 88 sites where aerial or drill seeding was implemented following fires between 1990 and 2003 in Great Basin (USA) shrublands. We examined sites on loamy soils that burned only once since 1970 to eliminate confounding effects of recurrent fire and to assess soils most conducive to establishment of seeded species. We evaluated whether seeding provided greater cover of perennial seeded species than burned-unseeded and unburned-unseeded sites, while also accounting for environmental variation. 3. Post-fire seeding of native perennial grasses generally did not increase cover relative to burned-unseeded areas. Native perennial grass cover did, however, increase after drill seeding when competitive non-natives were not included in mixes. Seeding non-native perennial grasses and the shrub Bassia prostrata resulted in more vegetative cover in aerial and drill seeding, with non-native perennial grass cover increasing with annual precipitation. Seeding native shrubs, particularly Artemisia tridentata, did not increase shrub cover or density in burned areas. Cover of undesirable, non-native annual grasses was lower in drill seeded relative to unseeded areas, but only at higher elevations. 4. Synthesis and applications. Management objectives are more likely to be met in high-elevation or precipitation locations where establishment of perennial grasses occurred. On lower and drier sites, management objectives are unlikely to be met with seeding alone. Intensive restoration methods such as invasive plant control and/or repeated sowings after establishment failures due to weather may be required in subsequent years. Managers might consider using native-only seed mixtures when establishment of native perennial grasses is the goal. Post-fire rehabilitation provides a land treatment example where long-term monitoring can inform adaptive management decisions to meet future objectives, particularly in arid landscapes where recovery is slow. C1 [Knutson, Kevin C.; Pyke, David A.; Wirth, Troy A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Arkle, Robert S.; Pilliod, David S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Brooks, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. RP Pyke, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM david_a_pyke@usgs.gov FU Joint Fire Science Programme [09-S-02-1]; US Geological Survey FX Project was funded by Joint Fire Science Programme (project ID 09-S-02-1) and US Geological Survey. Authors thank BLM offices and personnel for data and advice; J. Welty for LTDL assistance; A. Muldoon for statistical advice; field crew members; M. Pellant, J. James, M. Cadotte and one anonymous reviewer for improving manuscript. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 35 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 8 U2 77 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1414 EP 1424 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12309 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5LS UT WOS:000342851300031 ER PT J AU Salama, SA Mohammad, MA Diaz-Arrastia, CR Kamel, MW Kilic, GS Ndofor, BT Abdel-Baki, MS Theiler, SK AF Salama, Salama A. Mohammad, Mahmoud A. Diaz-Arrastia, Concepcion R. Kamel, Marwa W. Kilic, Gokhan S. Ndofor, Bih T. Abdel-Baki, Mohamed S. Theiler, Shaleen K. TI Estradiol-17 beta Upregulates Pyruvate Kinase M2 Expression to Coactivate Estrogen Receptor-alpha and to Integrate Metabolic Reprogramming With the Mitogenic Response in Endometrial Cells SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; TUMOR-GROWTH; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; AEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS; ISOFORM EXPRESSION; BINDING-PROTEIN; E7 ONCOPROTEIN; MESSENGER-RNA; IN-VIVO; PKM2 AB Context: Proliferating cells reprogram their cellular glucose metabolism to meet the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands and to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. Pyruvate kinase M (PKM) is a critical regulator of this metabolic reprogramming. However, whether estradiol-17 beta (E2) reprograms cellular metabolism to support proliferation ofhumanprimary endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) and the molecular basis of this reprogramming are not well understood. Objectives: Our objectives were to study whether E2 induces reprogramming of glucose metabolism in hESCs and to investigate the potential roles of PKM2 in E2-induced metabolic reprogramming and proliferation of these cells. Methods: The oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate were assessed by a Seahorse XF24 analyzer. PKM2 expression was assessed by real-time RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Results: E2 induces a Warburg-like glucose metabolism in hESCs by inducing the expression of PKM. E2 also enhanced PKM splicing into the PKM2 isoform by upregulating the c-Myc-hnRNP axis. Furthermore, E2 induces PKM2 oxidation, phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation. In addition to its glycolytic function, PKM2 physically interacted with estrogen receptor-alpha(ER alpha) and functioned as an ER alpha coactivator. Small-molecule PKM2 activators ameliorated ER alpha transcriptional activity and abrogated the E2-induced hESC proliferation. Conclusions: Weshow for the first time that E2-induced hESC proliferation is associated with a shift in glucose metabolism toward aerobic glycolysis, and the molecular basis for this metabolic shift is linked to the effects of E2 on PKM2. In addition, PKM2 acts as a transcriptional coactivator for ER alpha and small-molecule PKM2 activators inhibit ER alpha transcriptional activity and reduce E2-induced cell proliferation. C1 [Salama, Salama A.; Diaz-Arrastia, Concepcion R.; Ndofor, Bih T.] ARS, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Mohammad, Mahmoud A.] ARS, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Abdel-Baki, Mohamed S.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kamel, Marwa W.] Cairo Univ, Dept Tumor Biol, Pharmacol Unit, Natl Canc Inst, Cairo, Egypt. [Kilic, Gokhan S.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Theiler, Shaleen K.] Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Dept Community & Family Med, Sect Biostat & Epidemiol, Lebanon, NH 03755 USA. RP Salama, SA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med Obstet & Gynecol, 1102 Bate St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM salama@bcm.edu OI theiler, shaleen/0000-0002-6881-6319; Mohammad, Mahmoud/0000-0002-6535-5529 FU start-up funds FX This work was supported by start-up funds to S.A.S. and C.R.D.-A. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 99 IS 10 BP 3790 EP 3799 DI 10.1210/jc.2013-2639 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AR2NC UT WOS:000343423300081 PM 24471565 ER PT J AU Swiger, SL Hogsette, JA Butler, JF AF Swiger, Sonja Lise Hogsette, Jerome A. Butler, Jerry F. TI Laboratory Colonization of the Blow Flies, Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Chrysomya rufifacies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE temperature; bloodmeal; protein source; forensic entomology; chicken thigh ID COCHLIOMYIA-MACELLARIA DIPTERA; MACQUART DIPTERA; FLORIDA AB Chrysomya megacephala (F.) and Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) were colonized so that larval growth rates could be compared. Colonies were also established to provide insight into the protein needs of adult C. rufifacies and developmental rates of the ensuing larvae. The C. megacephala and C. rufifacies laboratory colonies were reared for five and six generations, respectively, at 28 degrees C. C. megacephala developmental mean rate from egg to adult was 20.4 +/- 0.38 d. First-instar larvae emerge in 1.4 +/- 0.24 d, second-instar larvae develop in 2.6 +/- 0.38 d and third instars occur at 6.3 +/- 0.72 d. Development from egg to pupation occurred in 12 +/- 1.10 d. C. rufifacies developed at a mean rate of 16.2 +/- 0.78 d from egg to adult emergence. Each stage occurred in succession from first-instar larvae 1.1 +/- 0.25 d, second-instar larvae developed 2.3 +/- 0.25 d later, and the third-instar larvae developed 5.7 +/- 0.41 d later. The larvae pupated 10.0 +/- 0.57 d after oviposition. Both of these flies can be collected in the wild and easily colonized using conditioned chicken as an oviposition and larval medium. C. megacephala apparently prefers a lower development and maintenance temperature than C. rufifacies, as evidenced by the high pupal mortality. Laboratory-reared C. rufifacies benefited from bloodmeal as a protein supplement to enhance egg production. C. rufifacies larvae were not observed preying on each other and additional larval species were not provided to serve as prey. C1 [Swiger, Sonja Lise; Butler, Jerry F.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hogsette, Jerome A.] USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Swiger, SL (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Extens, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. EM slswiger@ag.tamu.edu NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 107 IS 5 BP 1780 EP 1784 DI 10.1603/EC14146 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8RA UT WOS:000343097000010 PM 26309267 ER PT J AU Joseph, SV Stallings, JW Leskey, TC Krawczyk, G Polk, D Butler, B Bergh, JC AF Joseph, Shimat V. Stallings, Jonathan W. Leskey, Tracy C. Krawczyk, Greg Polk, Dean Butler, Bryan Bergh, J. Christopher TI Spatial Distribution of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Injury at Harvest in Mid-Atlantic Apple Orchards SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Halyomorpha halys; Malus domestica; scouting; sampling ID ZERO-INFLATED POISSON; HALYOMORPHA-HALYS; PLUM CURCULIO; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; SEASONAL OCCURRENCE; COUNT DATA; REGRESSION; MODELS; FRUIT AB Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal), injury to late-season apple cultivars was measured at harvest in 2011 and 2012 in commercial orchards in four mid-Atlantic states. In each orchard block, a border zone (adjacent to woods), an interior zone (near orchard center), and an intermediate zone (between border and interior zones) comprised 1-3 tree rows per zone, depending on block size. Just before commercial harvest, 10 fruit were sampled from the upper, middle, and lower third of the canopy from five trees in each zone. After 3-5 wk in cold storage, fruit were examined for external and internal injury, and severity of internal injury (number of injury sites per fruit) from H. halys. A zero-inflated negative binomial model accounted for significant variation among the orchards and showed that apples from the upper canopy of border zone trees had the highest probability of experiencing external and internal injury. A minor interaction was detected among the orchards and zones for injury prevalence and severity, but there was no evidence of an orchard showing less expected injury in the border zone compared with other zones. Adjusting for orchard-to-orchard variation, differences in injury distributions among the zones and canopies were primarily due to injury prevalence rather than expected injury severity. The implications of these results to scouting and managing H. halys in eastern apple orchards are discussed. C1 [Joseph, Shimat V.; Bergh, J. Christopher] Virginia Tech, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. [Stallings, Jonathan W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Krawczyk, Greg] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Biglerville, PA 17307 USA. [Polk, Dean] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Fruit & Ornamental Res & Extens Ctr, Cream Ridge, NJ 08514 USA. [Butler, Bryan] Univ Maryland Extens, Westminster, MD 21157 USA. RP Joseph, SV (reprint author), Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, 1432 Abbott St, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. EM svjoseph@ucanr.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-1931-0-109]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDA-NIFA-SCRI) [2011-51181-30937]; Virginia Apple Research Program FX We gratefully acknowledge our grower participants for their cooperation, and the contributions of our research technicians B. Short, C. Scorza, T. Hancock, S. Wiles, J. Cullum, R. Posa, M. Mix, and T. Enyeart, and summer assistants. We would also like to acknowledge Liang Shan at Virginia Tech for her assistance with the statistical analysis. This research was supported by USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-1931-0-109, U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDA-NIFA-SCRI) Grant 2011-51181-30937, and the Virginia Apple Research Program. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 27 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 107 IS 5 BP 1839 EP 1848 DI 10.1603/EC14154 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8RA UT WOS:000343097000017 PM 26309274 ER PT J AU Barr, NB Ledezma, LA Leblanc, L San Jose, M Rubinoff, D Geib, SM Fujita, B Bartels, DW Garza, D Kerr, P Hauser, M Gaimari, S AF Barr, Norman B. Ledezma, Lisa A. Leblanc, Luc San Jose, Michael Rubinoff, Daniel Geib, Scott M. Fujita, Brian Bartels, David W. Garza, Daniel Kerr, Peter Hauser, Martin Gaimari, Stephen TI Genetic Diversity of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) on the Hawaiian Islands: Implications for an Introduction Pathway Into California SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fruit fly; pathway analysis; COI; molecular diagnosis ID ORIENTAL FRUIT-FLY; MICROSATELLITE DNA MARKERS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; WING-SHAPE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; IDENTIFICATION; COMPLEX; HENDEL; CHINA; BIOSECURITY AB Population genetic diversity of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), on the Hawaiian islands of Oahu, Maui, Kauai, and Hawaii (the Big Island) was estimated using DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. In total, 932 flies representing 36 sampled sites across the four islands were sequenced for a 1,500-bp fragment of the gene named the C1500 marker. Genetic variation was low on the Hawaiian Islands with > 96% of flies having just two haplotypes: C1500-Haplotype 1 (63.2%) or C1500-Haplotype 2 (33.3%). The other 33 flies (3.5%) had haplotypes similar to the two dominant haplotypes. No population structure was detected among the islands or within islands. The two haplotypes were present at similar frequencies at each sample site, suggesting that flies on the various islands can be considered one population. Comparison of the Hawaiian data set to DNA sequences of 165 flies from outbreaks in California between 2006 and 2012 indicates that a single-source introduction pathway of Hawaiian origin cannot explain many of the flies in California. Hawaii, however, could not be excluded as a maternal source for 69 flies. There was no clear geographic association for Hawaiian or non-Hawaiian haplotypes in the Bay Area or Los Angeles Basin over time. This suggests that California experienced multiple, independent introductions from different sources. C1 [Barr, Norman B.; Ledezma, Lisa A.; Bartels, David W.; Garza, Daniel] USDA APHIS, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Mission Lab, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Leblanc, Luc; San Jose, Michael; Rubinoff, Daniel] Univ Hawaii, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Geib, Scott M.] USDA ARS, United States Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Fujita, Brian] USDA APHIS, Hawaii Fruit Fly Detect Program, Kapolei, HI 96707 USA. [Kerr, Peter; Hauser, Martin; Gaimari, Stephen] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. RP Barr, NB (reprint author), USDA APHIS, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Mission Lab, Moore Air Base, 22675 North Moorefield Rd, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM Norman.B.Barr@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA Farm Bill [10201, 3.0251] FX We thank S. Kinnee (CDFA), R. De Leon (USDA-TX), S. Graham (USDA-HI), M. Dinneen (USDA-HI), S. McNeil (USDA-HI), K. Pohlman (USDA-HI), and S. Tanaka (USDA-HI) for assistance in inventorying and locating samples and records; T. Todd (USDA-TX) for technical support using the KingFisher Flex; E. Fisher (CDFA) for assistance with specimen identification; R. Ruiz-Arce, P. Gomes, and C. Hollingsworth (USDA) for helpful comments on the manuscript; and B. A. McPheron (Ohio State University) and J. G. da Silva (Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Brazil) for sharing their unpublished medfly data set. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for suggestions that have improved the manuscript. This project was supported in part using funds from USDA 2008 Farm Bill Section 10201 project 3.0251 in 2012. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the California Department of Food and Agriculture. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 22 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 107 IS 5 BP 1946 EP 1958 DI 10.1603/EC13482 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8RA UT WOS:000343097000028 PM 26309285 ER PT J AU Scheffer, SJ Lewis, ML Gaimari, SD Reitz, SR AF Scheffer, Sonja J. Lewis, Matthew L. Gaimari, Stephen D. Reitz, Stuart R. TI Molecular Survey for the Invasive Leafminer Pest Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in California Uncovers Only the Native Pest Liriomyza langei SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE molecular diagnostics; multiplex PCR; invasive species; crop pest ID EVOLUTION AB Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) is a highly destructive invasive leafminer pest currently causing extensive damage to vegetable and horticultural crops around the world. Liriomyza langei Frick is a leafminer pest native to California that cannot currently be morphologically distinguished from L. huidobrensis. We used a DNA-barcoding approach, a published PCR-RFLP method, and a new multiplex PCR method to analyze 664 flies matching the morphological description of huidobrensis-langei. We found no evidence for the presence of L. huidobrensis in our extensive samples from California. In addition to the new molecular method, this work is important because it provides definitive data that the California "pea leafminer" is currently, and has probably always been, L. langei. These data will also be important in the event that the highly invasive L. huidobrensis ever becomes established. C1 [Scheffer, Sonja J.; Lewis, Matthew L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gaimari, Stephen D.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Reitz, Stuart R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Malher Cty Extens, Ontario, OR 97914 USA. RP Scheffer, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Bldg 005,Rm 137,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM sonja.scheffer@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 107 IS 5 BP 1959 EP 1964 DI 10.1603/EC13279 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8RA UT WOS:000343097000029 PM 26309286 ER PT J AU Underwood, J Moch, J Chen, MS Zhu, L AF Underwood, Joshua Moch, John Chen, Ming-Shun Zhu, Lieceng TI Exogenous Salicylic Acid Enhances the Resistance of Wheat Seedlings to Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Infestation Under Heat Stress SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE salicylic acid; wheat; resistance; Hessian fly; heat stress ID SHOCK-PROTEIN; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION; THERMOTOLERANCE; INDUCTION; VIRULENT; PLANTS; LARVAE; PHYTOHORMONES; AVIRULENT AB Heat stress exerts significant impact on plant-parasite interactions. Phytohormones, such as salicylic acid (SA), play important roles in plant defense against parasite attacks. Here, we studied the impact of a combination of heat stress and exogenous SA on the resistance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants to the Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)]. We found that the wheat cultivar 'Molly', which contains the resistance gene H13, lost resistance to Hessian fly under heat stress (40 degrees C for 3 and 6 h), and that exogenous application of SA on Molly seedlings right before heat stress can partially prevent the loss of resistance of Molly plants under heat conditions. Our findings have significant implications for understanding the dynamics of plant-insect interactions in the context of heat stress. C1 [Underwood, Joshua; Moch, John; Zhu, Lieceng] Fayetteville State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, NC 28301 USA. [Zhu, Lieceng] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Zhu, L (reprint author), Fayetteville State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, NC 28301 USA. EM lzhu@uncfsu.edu FU Fayetteville State University Title III Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) Masters Degree Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Program Faculty Research Mini-Grants; Summer Faculty Research Stipend Program; National Science Foundation Human Resource Development (HRD) [1036257] FX This research was supported by 2011 and 2012 Fayetteville State University Title III Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) Masters Degree Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Program Faculty Research Mini-Grants, 2012 Summer Faculty Research Stipend Program, and by a grant from the National Science Foundation Human Resource Development (HRD) Award number1036257. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 107 IS 5 BP 2000 EP 2004 DI 10.1603/EC14223 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8RA UT WOS:000343097000035 PM 26309292 ER PT J AU Newman, AJ Clark, MP Winstral, A Marks, D Seyfried, M AF Newman, Andrew J. Clark, Martyn P. Winstral, Adam Marks, Danny Seyfried, Mark TI The Use of Similarity Concepts to Represent Subgrid Variability in Land Surface Models: Case Study in a Snowmelt-Dominated Watershed SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMIARID MOUNTAIN CATCHMENT; ENVIRONMENT SIMULATOR JULES; TERRAIN-BASED PARAMETERS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SOIL-MOISTURE; COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY; RESPONSE UNITS; CLIMATE MODELS; BALANCE MODEL; ENERGY AB This paper develops a multivariate mosaic subgrid approach to represent subgrid variability in land surface models (LSMs). The k-means clustering is used to take an arbitrary number of input descriptors and objectively determine areas of similarity within a catchment or mesoscale model grid box. Two different classifications of hydrologic similarity are compared: an a priori classification, where clusters are based solely on known physiographic information, and an a posteriori classification, where clusters are defined based on high-resolution LSM simulations. Simulations from these clustering approaches are compared to high-resolution gridded simulations, as well as to three common mosaic approaches used in LSMs: the "lumped" approach (no subgrid variability), disaggregation by elevation bands, and disaggregation by vegetation types in two subcatchments. All watershed disaggregation methods are incorporated in the Noah Multi-Physics (Noah-MP) LSM and applied to snowmelt-dominated subcatchments within the Reynolds Creek watershed in Idaho. Results demonstrate that the a priori clustering method is able to capture the aggregate impact of finescale spatial variability with 0(10) simulation points, which is practical for implementation into an LSM scheme for coupled predictions on continental global scales. The multivariate a priori approach better represents snow cover and depth variability than the univariate mosaic approaches, critical in snowmelt-dominated areas. Catchment-averaged energy fluxes are generally within 10%-15% for the high-resolution and a priori simulations, while displaying more subgrid variability than the univariate mosaic methods. Examination of observed and simulated streamflow time series shows that the a priori method generally reproduces hydrograph characteristics better than the simple disaggregation approaches. C1 [Newman, Andrew J.; Clark, Martyn P.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Winstral, Adam; Marks, Danny; Seyfried, Mark] ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID USA. RP Newman, AJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM anewman@ucar.edu RI Clark, Martyn/A-5560-2015 OI Clark, Martyn/0000-0002-2186-2625 FU Advanced Study Program at the National Center for Atmospheric Research FX The authors thank Glen E. Liston for making the SnowModel code available. The authors would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers for improving this manuscript. This work was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship in the Advanced Study Program at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. NR 79 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 5 BP 1717 EP 1738 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-038.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AQ7AG UT WOS:000342964400001 ER PT J AU Chen, F Crow, WT Ryu, D AF Chen, Fan Crow, Wade T. Ryu, Dongryeol TI Dual Forcing and State Correction via Soil Moisture Assimilation for Improved Rainfall-Runoff Modeling SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; SURFACE; CALIBRATION; STREAMFLOW; PRODUCTS; ASCAT AB Uncertainties in precipitation forcing and prestorm soil moisture states represent important sources of error in streamflow predictions obtained from a hydrologic model. An earlier synthetic twin experiment has demonstrated that error in both antecedent soil moisture states and rainfall forcing can be filtered by assimilating remotely sensed surface soil moisture retrievals. This opens up the possibility of applying satellite soil moisture estimates to address both key sources of error in hydrologic model predictions. Here, in an attempt to extend the synthetic analysis into a real-data environment, two satellite-based surface soil moisture products based on both passive and active microwave remote sensing are assimilated using the same dual forcing/state correction approach. A bias correction scheme is implemented to remove bias in background forecasts caused by synthetic perturbations in the ensemble filtering routines, and a triple collocation based technique is adopted to derive rescaled observations and observation error variances. Results are largely in agreement with the earlier synthetic analysis. That is, the correction of satellite-derived rainfall forcing is able to improve streamflow prediction, especially during relatively high-flow periods. In contrast, prestorm soil moisture state correction is more efficient in improving the base flow component of streamflow. When rainfall and soil moisture state corrections are combined, the RMSE of both the high- and low-flow components of streamflow can be reduced by similar to 40% and similar to 30%, respectively. However, an unresolved issue is that soil moisture data assimilation also leads to underprediction of very intense precipitation/high-flow events. C1 [Chen, Fan] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Beltsville, MD USA. [Chen, Fan; Crow, Wade T.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ryu, Dongryeol] Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Chen, F (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, BARC W, Rm 104,Bldg 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM fan.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Ryu, Dongryeol/C-5903-2008 OI Ryu, Dongryeol/0000-0002-5335-6209 FU NASA Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) program FX Research was funded via a grant from the NASA Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) program (W. T. Crow, principal investigator). NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 5 BP 1832 EP 1848 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-14-0002.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AQ7AG UT WOS:000342964400007 ER PT J AU Abatzoglou, JT Barbero, R Wolf, JW Holden, ZA AF Abatzoglou, John T. Barbero, Renaud Wolf, Jacob W. Holden, Zachary A. TI Tracking Interannual Streamflow Variability with Drought Indices in the U.S. Pacific Northwest SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; DECLINING MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK; AIR-TEMPERATURE; SEVERITY INDEX; PRECIPITATION; CLIMATE; 20TH-CENTURY; PATTERNS; AMERICA; IMPACTS AB Drought indices are often used for monitoring interannual variability in macroscale hydrology. However, the diversity of drought indices raises several issues: 1) which indices perform best and where; 2) does the incorporation of potential evapotranspiration (PET) in indices strengthen relationships, and how sensitive is the choice of PET methods to such results; 3) what additional value is added by using higher-spatial-resolution gridded climate layers; and 4) how have observed relationships changed through time. Standardized precipitation index, standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPED, Palmer drought severity index, and water balance runoff (WBR) model output were correlated to water-year runoff for 21 unregulated drainage basins in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. SPEI and WBR with time scales encompassing the primary precipitation season maximized the explained variance in water-year runoff in most basins. Slightly stronger correlations were found using PET estimates from the Penman-Monteith method over the Thornthwaite method, particularly for time periods that incorporated the spring and summer months in basins that receive appreciable precipitation during the growing season. Indices computed using high-resolution climate surfaces explained over 10% more variability than metrics derived from coarser-resolution datasets. Increased correlation in the latter half of the study period was partially attributable to increased streamflow variability in recent decades as well as to improved climate data quality across the interior mountain watersheds. C1 [Abatzoglou, John T.; Barbero, Renaud; Wolf, Jacob W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Holden, Zachary A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT USA. RP Abatzoglou, JT (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, 875 Perimeter Dr,MS 3021, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jabatzoglou@uidaho.edu OI Abatzoglou, John/0000-0001-7599-9750 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30191]; U.S. Department of the Interior via the Northwest Climate Science Center Awards [G10AC00702, G12AC20495]; NOAA Climate Impacts Research Consortium (RISA for the Northwest) [NA100AR4310218] FX We are appreciative of constructive feedback from Thomas Pagano and two anonymous reviewers who helped improve the quality of this manuscript. This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture Award 2011-68002-30191, U.S. Department of the Interior via the Northwest Climate Science Center Awards G10AC00702 and G12AC20495, and NOAA Climate Impacts Research Consortium (RISA for the Northwest) under Award NA100AR4310218. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 34 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 5 BP 1900 EP 1912 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0167.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AQ7AG UT WOS:000342964400011 ER PT J AU Malik, VS AF Malik, Vedpal Singh TI Editorial biofuel: The butanol perspective and algal biofuel SO JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Malik, VS (reprint author), USDA, 4700 River Rd, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. EM vedpalm@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0971-7811 EI 0974-1275 J9 J PLANT BIOCHEM BIOT JI J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 4 BP 337 EP 338 DI 10.1007/s13562-014-0283-5 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AQ9IC UT WOS:000343163400001 ER PT J AU Song, B Niu, SL Luo, RS Luo, YQ Chen, JQ Yu, GR Olejnik, J Wohlfahrt, G Kiely, G Noormets, A Montagnani, L Cescatti, A Magliulo, V Law, BE Lund, M Varlagin, A Raschi, A Peichl, M Nilsson, MB Merbold, L AF Song, Bing Niu, Shuli Luo, Ruisen Luo, Yiqi Chen, Jiquan Yu, Guirui Olejnik, Janusz Wohlfahrt, Georg Kiely, Gerard Noormets, Asko Montagnani, Leonardo Cescatti, Alessandro Magliulo, Vincenzo Law, Beverly Elizabeth Lund, Magnus Varlagin, Andrej Raschi, Antonio Peichl, Matthias Nilsson, Mats B. Merbold, Lutz TI Divergent apparent temperature sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration SO JOURNAL OF PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE activation energy; ecosystem respiration; index of water availability; interannual variability; gross primary productivity ID EDDY COVARIANCE TECHNIQUE; FOREST SOIL RESPIRATION; CARBON-CYCLE FEEDBACK; GLOBAL CONVERGENCE; DEPENDENT Q(10); WATER-VAPOR; DIOXIDE; CLIMATE; MODEL; EXCHANGE AB Aims Recent studies revealed convergent temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration (Re) within aquatic ecosystems and between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. We do not know yet whether various terrestrial ecosystems have consistent or divergent temperature sensitivity. Here, we synthesized 163 eddy covariance flux sites across the world and examined the global variation of the apparent activation energy (Ea), which characterizes the apparent temperature sensitivity of and its interannual variability (IAV) as well as their controlling factors. Methods We used carbon fluxes and meteorological data across FLUXNET sites to calculate mean annual temperature, temperature range, precipitation, global radiation, potential radiation, gross primary productivity and Re by averaging the daily values over the years in each site. Furthermore, we analyzed the sites with >8 years data to examine the IAV of Ea and calculated the standard deviation of Ea across years at each site to characterize IAV. Important Findings The results showed a widely global variation of Ea, with significantly lower values in the tropical and subtropical areas than in temperate and boreal areas, and significantly higher values in grasslands and wetlands than that in deciduous broadleaf forests and evergreen forests. Globally, spatial variations of Ea were explained by changes in temperature and an index of water availability with differing contribution of each explaining variable among climate zones and biomes. IAV and the corresponding coefficient of variation of Ea decreased with increasing latitude, but increased with radiation and corresponding mean annual temperature. The revealed patterns in the spatial and temporal variations of Ea and its controlling factors indicate divergent temperature sensitivity of R-e, which could help to improve our predictive understanding of R-e in response to climate change. C1 [Song, Bing; Niu, Shuli; Yu, Guirui] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Song, Bing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Luo, Ruisen; Luo, Yiqi] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Chen, Jiquan] Michigan State Univ, CGCEO Geog, E Lansing, MI 48864 USA. [Olejnik, Janusz] PULS, Dept Meteorol, PL-60667 Poznan, Poland. [Olejnik, Janusz] AS CR, Vvi, Dept Matter & Energy Fluxes, Global Change Res Ctr, Brno, Czech Republic. [Wohlfahrt, Georg] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Kiely, Gerard] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Cork, Ireland. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, Southern Global Change Program, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Montagnani, Leonardo] Agenzia Ambiente, Serv Forestali, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. [Montagnani, Leonardo] Free Univ Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. [Cescatti, Alessandro] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Magliulo, Vincenzo] Inst Forest & Agr Mediterranean Ecosyst CNR ISAFo, Naples, Italy. [Law, Beverly Elizabeth] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lund, Magnus] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Varlagin, Andrej] Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia. [Raschi, Antonio] CNR Inst Biometeorol IBIMET, I-50145 Florence, Italy. [Peichl, Matthias; Nilsson, Mats B.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Merbold, Lutz] ETH, IAS, Grassland Sci Grp, LFW, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Niu, SL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, 11A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM sniu@igsnrr.ac.cn RI Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; 于, 贵瑞/C-1768-2014; Wohlfahrt, Georg/D-2409-2009; Merbold, Lutz/K-6103-2012; Lund, Magnus/J-4922-2013; magliulo, vincenzo/A-4858-2012; Montagnani, Leonardo/F-1837-2016; li, wenchao/S-5567-2016; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010 OI Kiely, Gerard/0000-0003-2189-6427; Wohlfahrt, Georg/0000-0003-3080-6702; Merbold, Lutz/0000-0003-4974-170X; Lund, Magnus/0000-0003-1622-2305; magliulo, vincenzo/0000-0001-5505-6552; Montagnani, Leonardo/0000-0003-2957-9071; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05050601]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-006ER64317]; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 0444518, DEB 0743778, DEB 0840964, DBI 0850290, EPS 0919466]; Terrestrial Carbon Program at the Office of Science FX 'One hundred Talent' award and 'Strategic Priority Research Program - Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues' of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA05050601 to S.N.); Terrestrial Carbon Program at the Office of Science; US Department of Energy (DE-FG02-006ER64317); U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) (DEB 0444518, DEB 0743778, DEB 0840964, DBI 0850290, EPS 0919466 to Y.L.). NR 48 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 82 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1752-9921 EI 1752-993X J9 J PLANT ECOL JI J. Plant Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 7 IS 5 BP 419 EP 428 DI 10.1093/jpe/rtu014 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR1ES UT WOS:000343327200001 ER PT J AU Pipas, MJ Page, LK Kazacos, KR AF Pipas, Michael J. Page, L. Kristen Kazacos, Kevin R. TI SURVEILLANCE FOR BAYLISASCARIS PROCYONIS IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR) FROM WYOMING, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Baylisascaris procyonis; nematode; Procyon lotor; raccoon; raccoon roundworm; surveillance; Wyoming; zoonosis ID LARVA MIGRANS; PREVALENCE; ROUNDWORM; INTENSITY; EGGS AB Baylisascaris procyonis is a common roundworm of raccoons that causes severe clinical disease in many vertebrates, including humans. The distribution of B. procyonis in the US is poorly documented in portions of its range and has not been reported from Wyoming. Our objectives were to determine the statewide distribution and prevalence of this parasite in raccoons Wyoming, using intestinal and fecal examinations. We examined 363 raccoons from 23 Wyoming counties in 2009-11, testing the reliability of two methods (intestinal extrusion and incision) to determine worm burdens. We found 163 raccoons (45%) positive for B. procyonis. The two methods of examination did not differ, although extrusion missed some infections. Neither age nor sex affected apparent prevalence or worm burdens. Prevalence did not differ with land use, yet burden was highest among rural raccoons. Fecal examination revealed that juvenile raccoons had a higher proportion of patent infections than adults, but neither sex nor location were indicators of prevalence. Egg density (eggs per gram of feces) did not differ by sex or age; however, rural raccoons had higher egg densities than urban/suburban animals. Understanding the distribution and prevalence of B. procyonis in Wyoming, especially in and around highly populated areas, is an important step in educating the general public and medical community on the potential risks of raccoon roundworm infection. C1 [Pipas, Michael J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, Casper, WY 82604 USA. [Page, L. Kristen] Wheaton Coll, Dept Biol, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA. [Kazacos, Kevin R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pipas, MJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, 6731 West Coal Rd, Casper, WY 82604 USA. EM michael.j.pipas@aphis.usda.gov NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 4 BP 777 EP 783 DI 10.7589/2013-10-263 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AQ8LB UT WOS:000343075900006 PM 25014908 ER PT J AU Bronson, E Kelly, K Hoberg, EP AF Bronson, Ellen Kelly, Kathleen Hoberg, Eric P. TI Air Sac Nematode Monopetalonema alcedinis in a Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon) in Maryland, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Air sac nematode; Belted Kingfisher; diplotriaenid parasite; Diplotriaenoidea; Megaceryle alcyon; Monopetalonema alcedinis; nematode AB Sporadic and geographically widespread reports of parasites affecting the Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon) have been published but few have described details of the pathology. A female, adult kingfisher was found dead in a heavily wooded area of a zoo in Maryland, USA. At necropsy, numerous sexually dimorphic, 4.4-40.5-cm adult Monopetalonema alcedinis nematodes were found tightly wound within the coelomic cavity between organs and completely filling the caudal thoracic and abdominal air sacs. Abundant, 30-60-mu m diameter, larvated, thick-walled ova were found in the bronchi and parabronchi, within the mesentery, and in the serosa of multiple coelomic organs. Monopetalonema alcedinis is a characteristic member of the superfamily Diplotriaenoidea, a group of nematodes occurring in birds and reptiles. Infective larvae within an invertebrate intermediate host are ingested and penetrate the intestine, traveling to the lungs and then into the air sacs, where the adult females release eggs. The ova are coughed up by the avian host and passed in feces. Specimens of M. alcedinis have been found in the Belted Kingfisher, although typically intensity of infection is low and infections remain asymptomatic. In contrast, we report the second documented case of high numbers of M. alcedinis resulting in pathologic changes in which parasitism contributed to host mortality. C1 [Bronson, Ellen] Maryland Zoo Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21217 USA. [Kelly, Kathleen] Johns Hopkins Med, Dept Mol & Comparat Pathobiol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bronson, E (reprint author), Maryland Zoo Baltimore, 1876 Mans House Dr, Baltimore, MD 21217 USA. EM ellen.bronson@marylandzoo.org NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 4 BP 938 EP 941 DI 10.7589/2014-03-080 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AQ8LB UT WOS:000343075900028 PM 25271642 ER PT J AU Malmlov, A Breck, S Fry, T Duncan, C AF Malmlov, Ashley Breck, Stewart Fry, Tricia Duncan, Colleen TI Serologic Survey for Cross-Species Pathogens in Urban Coyotes (Canis latrans), Colorado, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Coyotes; distemper; Leptospira; parvovirus; rabies; Toxoplasma; urban; Yersinia ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII ANTIBODIES; WILD COYOTES; SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; PARVOVIRUS; DIAGNOSIS; SEROPREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; PATTERNS AB As coyotes (Canis latrans) adapt to living in urban environments, the opportunity for cross-species transmission of pathogens may increase. We investigated the prevalence of antibodies to pathogens that are either zoonotic or affect multiple animal species in urban coyotes in the Denver metropolitan area, Colorado, USA, in 2012. We assayed for antibodies to canine parvovirus-2, canine distemper virus, rabies virus, Toxoplasma gondii, Yersinia pestis, and serotypes of Leptospira interrogans. Overall, 84% of the animals had antibodies to canine parvovirus-2, 44% for canine distemper virus, 20% for T. gondii (IgG), 28% for Y. pestis, and 4% for L. interrogans serotype Grippotyphosa. No neutralizing antibodies were detected to rabies virus, T. gondii (IgM), or L. interrogans serotypes other than Grippotyphosa. With 88% of animals exposed to at least one pathogen, our results suggest that coyotes may serve as important reservoirs and sentinels for etiologic agents. C1 [Malmlov, Ashley; Duncan, Colleen] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Breck, Stewart; Fry, Tricia] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Duncan, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 1644 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 21 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 4 BP 946 EP 950 DI 10.7589/2014-03-065 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AQ8LB UT WOS:000343075900030 PM 25121408 ER PT J AU Oltean, M Kalmar, Z Kiss, BJ Marinov, M Vasile, A Sandor, AD Domsa, C Gherman, CM Boireau, P Cozma, V Mihalca, AD Rosenthal, BM AF Oltean, Miruna Kalmar, Zsuzsa Kiss, Botond J. Marinov, Mihai Vasile, Alexe Sandor, Attila D. Domsa, Cristian Gherman, Calin M. Boireau, Pascal Cozma, Vasile Mihalca, Andrei D. Rosenthal, Benjamin M. TI European Mustelids Occupying Pristine Wetlands in the Danube Delta are Infected with Trichinella Likely Derived from Domesticated Swine SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRICHINOSIS; SPIRALIS; ROMANIA; WILD AB We analyzed 32 specimens from nine species of Mustelidae for Trichinella; six infections from two Trichinella species were observed from three host species. This provides documentation of Trichinella in Mustela erminea and Martes foina in Romania and Trichinella spiralis in a mustelid host from Europe. Trichinella spiralis continues to be a public challenge characterized by a wide host range and geographical distribution (Pozio 2007). During the past 20 yr. Romania has had the most reported human cases of trichinellosis in the world (Blaga et al. 2007). Transmission occurs among domesticated swine, rats, and wild mammals that feed by scavenging or predation (Pozio 2000). Trichinella transmission to humans may occur by consumption of meat of livestock infected after exposure to wildlife (Pozio et al. 2009). C1 [Oltean, Miruna; Kalmar, Zsuzsa; Sandor, Attila D.; Gherman, Calin M.; Cozma, Vasile; Mihalca, Andrei D.] Univ Agr Sci & Vet Med, Dept Parasitol & Parasit Dis, Cluj Napoca 400372, Romania. [Kiss, Botond J.; Marinov, Mihai; Vasile, Alexe] Danube Delta Natl Inst Res & Dev, Tulcea 820112, Romania. [Sandor, Attila D.; Domsa, Cristian] Univ Babes Bolyai, Dept Taxon & Ecol, Cluj Napoca 400006, Romania. [Boireau, Pascal] Univ Paris Est Creteil, French Agcy Food Environm & Occupat Hlth & Safety, Ecole Natl Vet Alfort, Lab Anim Hlth,Joint Res Unit,Unite Biol Mol & Imm, F-94700 Maisons Alfort, France. [Rosenthal, Benjamin M.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mihalca, AD (reprint author), Univ Agr Sci & Vet Med, Dept Parasitol & Parasit Dis, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj Napoca 400372, Romania. EM amihalca@usamvcluj.ro RI Sandor, Attila/A-4782-2009; gherman, calin/P-5823-2016; Kalmar, Zsuzsa/A-1791-2017; OI Sandor, Attila/0000-0001-8852-8341; gherman, calin/0000-0002-5936-2538; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU [IDEI-PCE 236/2011] FX The publication of this paper was partly supported from grant IDEI-PCE 236/2011. We thank P. Mace and S. Lacour for PCR amplification and sequencing and E. Pozio from the International Trichinella Reference Centre, Rome, Italy, who kindly provided reference strains NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 4 BP 972 EP 975 DI 10.7589/2013-12-335 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AQ8LB UT WOS:000343075900036 PM 25121406 ER PT J AU Bosco-Lauth, A Harmon, JR Lash, RR Weiss, S Langevin, S Savage, HM Godsey, MS Burkhalter, K Root, JJ Gidlewski, T Nicholson, WL Brault, AC Komar, N AF Bosco-Lauth, Angela Harmon, Jessica R. Lash, R. Ryan Weiss, Sonja Langevin, Stanley Savage, Harry M. Godsey, Marvin S., Jr. Burkhalter, Kristen Root, J. Jeffrey Gidlewski, Thomas Nicholson, William L. Brault, Aaron C. Komar, Nicholas TI West Nile Virus Isolated from a Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana) in Northwestern Missouri, USA, 2012 SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SQUIRRELS SCIURUS-NIGER; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; VIREMIAS SUFFICIENT; SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE; MAMMALS AB We describe the isolation of West Nile virus (WNV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) from blood of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) collected in northwestern Missouri, USA in August 2012. Sequencing determined that the virus was related to lineage la WNV02 strains. We discuss the role of wildlife in WNV disease epidemiology. C1 [Bosco-Lauth, Angela; Savage, Harry M.; Godsey, Marvin S., Jr.; Burkhalter, Kristen; Brault, Aaron C.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Harmon, Jessica R.; Lash, R. Ryan; Weiss, Sonja; Nicholson, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Langevin, Stanley] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Root, J. Jeffrey; Gidlewski, Thomas] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Bosco-Lauth, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd,Foothills Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mopargal@rams.colostate.edu FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 4 BP 976 EP 978 DI 10.7589/2013-11-295 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AQ8LB UT WOS:000343075900037 PM 25098303 ER PT J AU Ronda, SR Parupudi, PLC Vemula, S Tumma, S Botlagunta, M Settaluri, VS Lele, S Sharma, S Kandala, C AF Ronda, Srinivasa Reddy Parupudi, Pavani Lakhsmi Chandrika Vemula, Sandeep Tumma, Santhosh Botlagunta, Mahendran Settaluri, Vijaya Saradhi Lele, Smita Sharma, Suraj Kandala, Chari TI Optimization of medium components using orthogonal arrays for gamma-Linolenic acid production by Spirulina platensis SO KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE gamma-Linolenic Acid; Optimization; Orthogonal Design; Spirulina platensis ID NITROGEN-SOURCES; GROWTH; BIOMASS AB This work describes the medium optimization of gamma-Linolenic acid (GLA) production by Spirulina platensis using one-factor and orthogonal array design methods. In the one-factor experiments, NaHCO3 (9 mg L-1), NaNO3 (13.5 mg L-1) and MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O (11.85 mg L-1) proved to be the best components for GLA production. The optimal pH for GLA production by the alga was 9.2. Based on the delta values, NaHCO3 showed the greatest effect on the GLA production of the various factors tested, followed in decreasing order by MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O, NaNO3 and K2SO4. The maximum GLA yield obtained was 19.2 mgL(-1) in the presence of optimum concentrations of NaHCO3 (20 g L-1), NaNO3 (3 g L-1), MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O (0.5 g L-1) and K2SO4 (1.5 g L-1). Because of the slow growth rate of the algae, the practice of robust orthogonal array methods during the optimization of medium components can result in the production of an optimal biomass and a higher GLA yield for nutraceutical applications. C1 [Ronda, Srinivasa Reddy; Parupudi, Pavani Lakhsmi Chandrika; Vemula, Sandeep; Tumma, Santhosh; Botlagunta, Mahendran; Settaluri, Vijaya Saradhi] KL Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Guntur 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Lele, Smita] Inst Chem Technol, Bombay 40019, Maharashtra, India. [Sharma, Suraj] Univ Georgia, Dept Text Merchandising & Interiors, Coll Family & Consumer Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kandala, Chari] USDA, Dawson, GA USA. RP Ronda, SR (reprint author), KL Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Guntur 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM rsr@kluniversity.in OI Botlagunta, Mahendran/0000-0002-0490-2832 FU DBT, New Delhi, India [BT/PR1420/PBD/26/276/2011] FX This work was supported by the research grant BT/PR1420/PBD/26/276/2011, DBT, New Delhi, India. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU KOREAN INSTITUTE CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI SEOUL PA F.5, 119, ANAM-RO, SEONGBUK-GU, SEOUL 136-075, SOUTH KOREA SN 0256-1115 EI 1975-7220 J9 KOREAN J CHEM ENG JI Korean J. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1839 EP 1844 DI 10.1007/s11814-014-0082-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA AQ9GP UT WOS:000343157200017 ER PT J AU Patel, AK Lazar, DA Burrin, DG Smith, EO Magliaro, TJ Stark, AR Brandt, ML Zamora, IJ Sheikh, F Akinkuotu, AC Olutoye, OO AF Patel, Ashish K. Lazar, David A. Burrin, Douglas G. Smith, E. O'Brian Magliaro, Thomas J. Stark, Ann R. Brandt, Mary L. Zamora, Irving J. Sheikh, Fariha Akinkuotu, Adesola C. Olutoye, Oluyinka O. TI Abdominal Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measurements Are Lower in Preterm Infants at Risk for Necrotizing Enterocolitis SO PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE near-infrared spectroscopy; necrotizing enterocolitis; premature; preterm; tissue oxygen saturation ID SPLANCHNIC TISSUE OXYGENATION; SUPERIOR MESENTERIC-ARTERY; FLOW; PREVENTION AB Objective: Near-infrared spectroscopy is a noninvasive method of measuring local tissue oxygenation (Sto(2)). Abdominal Sto(2) measurements in preterm piglets are directly correlated with changes in intestinal blood flow and markedly reduced by necrotizing enterocolitis. The objectives of this study were to use near-infrared spectroscopy to establish normal values for abdominal Sto(2) in preterm infants and test whether these values are reduced in infants who develop necrotizing enterocolitis. Design: We conducted a 2-year prospective cohort study where we prospectively measured abdominal Sto(2) in preterm infants, to establish reference values for preterm infants, and compared the near-infrared spectroscopy values with preterm infants in the cohort that developed necrotizing enterocolitis. Setting: Two neonatal ICUs: one at Texas Children's Hospital and the other at Ben Taub General Hospital in Houston, TX. Patients: We enrolled 100 preterm infants (< 32 weeks' gestation and < 1,500 g birth weight) between January 2007 and November 2008. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Eight neonates with incomplete data were excluded. Mean abdominal Sto(2) in normal preterm infants (n = 78) during the first week of life was significantly higher than in those who later developed necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 14) (77.3% +/- 14.4% vs 70.7% +/- 19.1%, respectively, p = 0.002). An Sto(2) less than or equal to 56% identified preterm infants progressing to necrotizing enterocolitis with 86% sensitivity, 64% specificity, 96% negative predictive value, and 30% positive predictive value. Using logistic regression, Sto(2) less than or equal to 56% was independently associated with a significantly increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (odds ratio, 14.1; p = 0.01). Furthermore, infants with necrotizing enterocolitis demonstrated significantly more variation in Sto(2) both during and after feeding in the first 2 weeks of life. Conclusions: This study establishes normal values for abdominal Sto(2) in preterm infants and demonstrates decreased values and increased variability in those with necrotizing enterocolitis. Abdominal near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring of preterm infants may be a useful tool for early diagnosis and guiding treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. C1 [Patel, Ashish K.; Stark, Ann R.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lazar, David A.; Magliaro, Thomas J.; Brandt, Mary L.; Zamora, Irving J.; Sheikh, Fariha; Akinkuotu, Adesola C.; Olutoye, Oluyinka O.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Burrin, Douglas G.; Smith, E. O'Brian] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Res Nutr Ctr,Sect Gastroenterol Hepatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Olutoye, OO (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM oolutoye@bcm.edu FU Department of Surgery, and General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) at Texas Children's Hospital [M01-RR00188] FX We thank the parents and infants who participated in the study, the research staff of the Department of Surgery, and General Clinical Research Center (GCRC, grant M01-RR00188) at Texas Children's Hospital for their assistance with data collection. We also acknowledge Hutchinson Technology, Hutchinson, MN, for providing the InSpectra Sto2 Tissue Oxygenation monitors. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1529-7535 EI 1947-3893 J9 PEDIATR CRIT CARE ME JI Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 8 BP 735 EP 741 DI 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000211 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Pediatrics SC General & Internal Medicine; Pediatrics GA AQ8CD UT WOS:000343049200011 PM 25068253 ER PT J AU Faburay, B Lebedev, M McVey, DS Wilson, W Morozov, I Young, A Richt, JA AF Faburay, Bonto Lebedev, Maxim McVey, D. Scott Wilson, William Morozov, Igor Young, Alan Richt, Juergen A. TI A Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccine Elicits a Strong Rift Valley Fever Virus Neutralizing Antibody Response in Sheep SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Sheep; Neutralizing antibodies; Glycoproteins; Subunit vaccine; Rift Valley fever virus ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NSS PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; CHALLENGE; EFFICACY; PROTECTION; DISEASE; LACKING; RESCUE AB Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), a member of the Bunyaviridae family, is a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen that causes serious morbidity and mortality in livestock and humans. The recent spread of the virus beyond its traditional endemic boundaries in Africa to the Arabian Peninsula coupled with the presence of susceptible vectors in nonendemic countries has created increased interest in RVF vaccines. Subunit vaccines composed of specific virus proteins expressed in eukaryotic or prokaryotic expression systems are shown to elicit neutralizing antibodies in susceptible hosts. RVFV structural proteins, amino-terminus glycoprotein (Gn), and carboxyl-terminus glycoprotein (Gc), were expressed using a recombinant baculovirus expression system. The recombinant proteins were reconstituted as a GnGc subunit vaccine formulation and evaluated for immunogenicity in a target species, sheep. Six sheep were each immunized with a primary dose of 50 mu g of each vaccine immunogen with the adjuvant montanide ISA25; at day 21, postvaccination, each animal received a second dose of the same vaccine. The vaccine induced a strong antibody response in all animals as determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT80) showed the primary dose of the vaccine was sufficient to elicit potentially protective virus neutralizing antibody titers ranging from 40 to 160, and the second vaccine dose boosted the titer to more than 1280. Furthermore, all animals tested positive for neutralizing antibodies at day 328 postvaccination. ELISA analysis using the recombinant nucleocapsid protein as a negative marker antigen indicated that the vaccine candidate is DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) compatible and represents a promising vaccine platform for RVFV infection in susceptible species. C1 [Faburay, Bonto; Morozov, Igor; Richt, Juergen A.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lebedev, Maxim; Young, Alan] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [McVey, D. Scott; Wilson, William] ARS, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Faburay, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, 1800 Denison Ave,Mosier Hall K218, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM bfaburay@vet.k-state.edu; jricht@vet.k-state.edu FU Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD) [2010-ST061-AG0001]; Kansas Bioscience Authority (KBA) FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Connie W. Schmaljohn of the United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) for providing the monoclonal antibodies, and Dr. Friedman Weber, University of Marburg, for providing the RVFV N protein construct. We also thank Lloyd Willard and Joe Anderson of Kansas State University for their support in electron microscopy and Robert E. Kahn for the helpful comments. This work was supported by grants from the Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD) (grant no. 2010-ST061-AG0001) and the Kansas Bioscience Authority (KBA). NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 14 IS 10 BP 746 EP 756 DI 10.1089/vbz.2014.1650 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AR0GJ UT WOS:000343247400008 PM 25325319 ER PT J AU Zilverberg, CJ Johnson, WC Boe, A Owens, V Archer, DW Novotny, C Volke, M Werner, B AF Zilverberg, Cody J. Johnson, W. Carter Boe, Arvid Owens, Vance Archer, David W. Novotny, Craig Volke, Malia Werner, Brett TI Growing Spartina pectinata in Previously Farmed Prairie Wetlands for Economic and Ecological Benefits SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Biofuel; Wildlife; Establishment; Transplant; Agroecology; Conservation ID BIOMASS PRODUCTION; VEGETATION; CORDGRASS; DAKOTA; WET AB Wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of the U.S. are threatened by continued drainage and conversion to cropland. Commercial incentives may increase wetland restoration in lieu of easements. Therefore, we evaluated two commercially available populations of prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) by comparing two planting techniques and identifying zones of maximum plant vigor and biomass production along a wetland-upland environmental gradient of a restored temporary wetland in east-central South Dakota. In the wetland center (maximum water depth: 0.4-0.5 m) plants were effectively established by transplanting, but not by drilling. Both techniques were effective above the wetland center. The zone of maximum vigor varied by year, ranging from the wetland bottom (0.5-m maximum water depth) to 0.25 m above the wetland-upland boundary. Biomass yield did not differ between populations but was affected by elevation. In a second experiment, 2 years after establishing plants by transplanting at 0.9- or 1.5-m spacing, biomass no longer differed between treatments. Our economic analysis indicated establishment costs could be recovered with < 10 years of biomass and seed harvests. Because prairie cordgrass can be established using conventional techniques and provides positive net revenue, it should be considered for incorporation into shallow wetlands in production fields. C1 [Zilverberg, Cody J.; Johnson, W. Carter; Volke, Malia] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Boe, Arvid; Owens, Vance] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Archer, David W.] ARS, USDA, Mandan, ND USA. [Novotny, Craig] EcoSun Prairie Farms, Brookings, SD USA. [Werner, Brett] Ctr Coll Danville, Environm Studies Program, Danville, KY USA. RP Zilverberg, CJ (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM cjzilverberg@gmail.com FU North Central Regional Sun Grant Center at South Dakota State University through US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office [DE-FG36-08GO88073] FX This research was supported by funding from the North Central Regional Sun Grant Center at South Dakota State University through a grant provided by the US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office under award number DE-FG36-08GO88073. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 5 BP 853 EP 864 DI 10.1007/s13157-014-0548-8 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ8EW UT WOS:000343057700002 ER PT J AU Pierce, AD McDaniel, S Wasser, M Ainsworth, A Litton, CM Giardina, CP Cordell, S AF Pierce, Andrew D. McDaniel, Sierra Wasser, Mark Ainsworth, Alison Litton, Creighton M. Giardina, Christian P. Cordell, Susan TI Using a prescribed fire to test custom and standard fuel models for fire behaviour prediction in a non-native, grass-invaded tropical dry shrubland SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BehavePlus; Fire behaviour; Flame length; Fuel model; Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park; Invasive grasses; Rate of spread ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; EXOTIC GRASSES; HAWAII; ECOSYSTEM; SAVANNAS; SPREAD; GRADIENT; MOISTURE; IMPACTS; FOREST AB QuestionsDo fuel models developed for North American fuel types accurately represent fuel beds found in non-native, grass-invaded tropical dry shrublands? Do standard or custom fuel models used in fire behaviour models with in situ or remote automated weather stations (RAWS) measured fuel moistures affect the accuracy of predicted fire behaviour in grass-invaded tropical shrublands? LocationHawai'i Volcanoes National Park, Hawai'i, USA. MethodsPre-fire fuel loads of coarse woody debris, live herbaceous and live woody fuel loads were quantified with Brown's transects and biomass sampling to create a custom fuel model for non-native grass-invaded tropical dry shrublands in Hawai'i. In situ fuel moistures were quantified using oven-dried vegetation samples, and compared to RAWS estimated fuel moistures. Fire behaviour was recorded on a stationary video camera to quantify flame length (FL) and rate of spread (ROS). Observed fire behaviour was compared to BehavePlus predicted fire behaviour parameterized with both standard and customized fuel models, and in situ and RAWS-based estimates of fuel moisture. ResultsThe custom fuel model and measured fuel moistures performed better than most standard models, but over-predicted actual ROS and top decile FL by 29% and 26%, respectively. The best match between observed and modelled fire behaviour came from a standard fuel model for shrublands with a grassy matrix (23% under-prediction for ROS and 9% under-prediction for FL) using measured fuel moistures. Using fuel moistures and wind speeds estimated from the nearest RAWS station (5km from the fire) substantially decreased prediction accuracy of the custom fuel model and increased its relative error to 71% over-prediction of ROS and 45% over-prediction of FL. ConclusionsFire behaviour in at least some tropical fuel beds can be accurately modelled using certain standard or custom fuel models. Standard fuel models should not be applied uncritically to systems outside of North America, as our comparison showed widely ranging accuracy across six standard models. In addition, the current reliance on RAWS data for meteorological inputs to predict fire behaviour in the tropics, especially in the US-affiliated tropical Pacific, must be used with caution. Instead, field-measured fuel moistures should be used when possible. C1 [Pierce, Andrew D.; Litton, Creighton M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [McDaniel, Sierra; Wasser, Mark; Ainsworth, Alison] Hawaii Volcanoes Natl Pk, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA. [Giardina, Christian P.; Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Pierce, AD (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM adpierce@hawaii.edu; Sierra_McDaniel@nps.gov; Mark_Wasser@nps.gov; alison_ainsworth@nps.gov; litton@hawaii.edu; cgiardina@fs.fed.us; scordell01@fs.fed.us RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 FU Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park, Natural Resources Division; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry and The US Army Garrison, Hawai'i [08-JV-112 72177-051, 08-JV-11272177-074, 12-JV-11272138-037]; College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa via the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Program [HAW00132-H, HAW00188-M, HAW01123-M]; College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa via the Hatch and McIntire-Stennis Program [HAW00132-H, HAW00188-M, HAW01123-M]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) project of the Department of Defense [RC-1645] FX This research was conducted with the support of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park, Natural Resources Division. Special thanks to R. Loh at HVNP. This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry and The US Army Garrison, Hawai'i (Research Joint Ventures 08-JV-112 72177-051, 08-JV-11272177-074 and 12-JV-11272138-037); the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa via the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch and McIntire-Stennis Programs (HAW00132-H, HAW00188-M and HAW01123-M); and the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) project number RC-1645 of the Department of Defense. Field assistance was provided through Kupu Hawai'i and AmeriCorps, with special thanks to L. Kekuewa. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1402-2001 EI 1654-109X J9 APPL VEG SCI JI Appl. Veg. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 17 IS 4 BP 700 EP 710 DI 10.1111/avsc.12111 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AQ5HS UT WOS:000342839200011 ER PT J AU Li, HK Wan, YZ Simon, CJ AF Li, H. K. Wan, Y. Z. Simon, C. J. TI Characterisation of patterns of genetic differentiation within and among Euvitis species based on a large number of nuclear single-nucleotide polymorphisms SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF GRAPE AND WINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE corrected mean number of pairwise differences; genetic differentiation; Mantel test; pairwise difference; principal coordinate analysis; single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ID VITIS-VINIFERA L.; HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; GENUS VITIS; POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY; SEQUENCE DATA; WILD GRAPES; CLUSTAL-W; DIVERSITY AB Background and AimsAssessment of genetic differentiation (GDF) is currently of great interest in studies of population genetics. The optimum estimators for GDF among Euvitis species have not yet been reported. This study aimed to characterise GDF patterns in Euvitis. Methods and ResultsWithin and among the 29 Euvitis species GDF was analysed using 5800 nuclear single-nucleotide polymorphisms from 30 gene fragments. Mantel tests and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicated the pairwise differences (PW) and the corrected mean number of PW have the most potential for assessment of GDF among Euvitis species. All 29 Euvitis species were significantly differentiated from each other (P<0.05). Species from Asia and America were assigned to the independent quadrants in the PCoA plots, American species were clustered into two groups and two European species were closer to Asian than to American species. ConclusionsThe overall GDF pattern of all 29 Euvitis species had a limited distribution in the PCoA plots, suggesting a narrow range of genetic diversity (GDV) within these 29 species on the whole. Genetic diversity of species varied extensively among the 29 species. Correlation between GDV within and GDF among 29 Euvitis species was not significant. Significance of the StudyThis study not only adds greatly to our knowledge of the genetic features of Euvitis species but also provides strategies for related studies in other living species. C1 [Li, H. K.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wan, Y. Z.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Simon, C. J.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Wan, YZ (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, 3 Taicheng Rd, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM 1036520399@qq.com; wyz689@hotmail.com FU National Yangling Bio-Tech Breeding Centre Project [2001-01]; China Scholarship Council Project [22861057]; Fund for Returnees Scientists from Foreign Study in Shaanxi Province [A289021201]; USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Unit CRIS Project [1910-21000-020-00D] FX We are grateful to Dr Joanne A. Labate for making valuable comments and suggestions on this study, to Angela M. Baldo for designing primers for resequencing and to Dr Peter Cousins (USDA-ARS, GGRU) for providing expert advice on grape identification and classification. United States Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work was supported by the National Yangling Bio-Tech Breeding Centre Project (2001-01), China Scholarship Council Project (22861057), the 2012-Fund for Returnees Scientists from Foreign Study in Shaanxi Province (A289021201) and the USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Unit CRIS Project (1910-21000-020-00D). NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1322-7130 EI 1755-0238 J9 AUST J GRAPE WINE R JI Aust. J. Grape Wine Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 507 EP 518 DI 10.1111/ajgw.12099 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA AQ4IC UT WOS:000342756600020 ER PT J AU Stephens, SL Bigelow, SW Burnett, RD Collins, BM Gallagher, CV Keane, J Kelt, DA North, MP Roberts, LJ Stine, PA Van Vuren, DH AF Stephens, Scott L. Bigelow, Seth W. Burnett, Ryan D. Collins, Brandon M. Gallagher, Claire V. Keane, John Kelt, Douglas A. North, Malcolm P. Roberts, Lance Jay Stine, Peter A. Van Vuren, Dirk H. TI California Spotted Owl, Songbird, and Small Mammal Responses to Landscape Fuel Treatments SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; mixed conifer; restoration; Sierra Nevada; wildlife conservation ID NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; FIRE BEHAVIOR; BURNING TREATMENTS; UNITED-STATES; WESTERN USA; SEVERITY; WILDFIRES; MICROCLIMATE AB A principal challenge of federal forest management has been maintaining and improving habitat for sensitive species in forests adapted to frequent, low- to moderate-intensity fire regimes that have become increasingly vulnerable to uncharacteristically severe wildfires. To enhance forest resilience, a coordinated landscape fuel network was installed in the northern Sierra Nevada, which reduced the potential for hazardous fire, despite constraints for wildlife protection that limited the extent and intensity of treatments. Small mammal and songbird communities were largely unaffected by this landscape strategy, but the number of California spotted owl territories declined. The effects on owls could have been mitigated by increasing the spatial heterogeneity of fuel treatments and by using more prescribed fire or managed wildfire to better mimic historic vegetation patterns and processes. More landscape-scale experimentation with strategies that conserve key wildlife species while also improving forest resiliency is needed, especially in response to continued warming climates. C1 [Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bigelow, Seth W.; Collins, Brandon M.; Gallagher, Claire V.; Keane, John; North, Malcolm P.; Stine, Peter A.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacif Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Fire Res, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Nat Resources, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Burnett, Ryan D.; Roberts, Lance Jay] Point Blue Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA USA. [Van Vuren, Dirk H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Stephens, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sstephens@berkeley.edu FU USFS Region 5; Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We thank the staff of the Plumas and Lassen National Forests for designing and overseeing the implementation of this project. We also thank the many technicians and other people that did the majority of the fieldwork. Members of the Quincy Library Group provided feedback and support for this project. The USFS Region 5 and the Pacific Southwest Research Station funded this project. NR 71 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 47 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD OCT PY 2014 VL 64 IS 10 BP 893 EP 906 DI 10.1093/biosci/biu137 PG 14 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AQ6AF UT WOS:000342889000008 ER PT J AU Tarancon, AA Fule, PZ Shive, KL Sieg, CH Meador, AS Strom, B AF Tarancon, Alicia Azpeleta Fule, Peter Z. Shive, Kristen L. Sieg, Carolyn H. Meador, Andrew Sanchez Strom, Barbara TI Simulating post-wildfire forest trajectories under alternative climate and management scenarios SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Arizona; carbon; climate change; Forest Vegetation Simulator, FVS; ponderosa pine; southwest United States ID SOUTHWESTERN PONDEROSA PINE; FUEL-REDUCTION TREATMENTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FIRE SEVERITY; VEGETATION SIMULATOR; SIERRA-NEVADA; MODEL; DYNAMICS; ARIZONA; FUTURE AB Post-fire predictions of forest recovery under future climate change and management actions are necessary for forest managers to make decisions about treatments. We applied the Climate-Forest Vegetation Simulator (Climate-FVS), a new version of a widely used forest management model, to compare alternative climate and management scenarios in a severely burned multispecies forest of Arizona, USA. The incorporation of seven combinations of General Circulation Models (GCM) and emissions scenarios altered long-term (100 years) predictions of future forest condition compared to a No Climate Change (NCC) scenario, which forecast a gradual increase to high levels of forest density and carbon stock. In contrast, emissions scenarios that included continued high greenhouse gas releases led to near-complete deforestation by 2111. GCM-emissions scenario combinations that were less severe reduced forest structure and carbon stock relative to NCC. Fuel reduction treatments that had been applied prior to the severe wildfire did have persistent effects, especially under NCC, but were overwhelmed by increasingly severe climate change. We tested six management strategies aimed at sustaining future forests: prescribed burning at 5, 10, or 20-year intervals, thinning 40% or 60% of stand basal area, and no treatment. Severe climate change led to deforestation under all management regimes, but important differences emerged under the moderate scenarios: treatments that included regular prescribed burning fostered low density, wildfire-resistant forests composed of the naturally dominant species, ponderosa pine. Non-fire treatments under moderate climate change were forecast to become dense and susceptible to severe wildfire, with a shift to dominance by sprouting species. Current U.S. forest management requires modeling of future scenarios but does not mandate consideration of climate change effects. However, this study showed substantial differences in model outputs depending on climate and management actions. Managers should incorporate climate change into the process of analyzing the environmental effects of alternative actions. C1 [Tarancon, Alicia Azpeleta; Fule, Peter Z.; Shive, Kristen L.; Meador, Andrew Sanchez; Strom, Barbara] Univ Arizona, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Sieg, Carolyn H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Meador, Andrew Sanchez] Univ Arizona, Ecol Restorat Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Fule, PZ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RI Holst, Bodil/D-4487-2014; OI Holst, Bodil/0000-0001-7623-7141; Sanchez Meador, Andrew/0000-0003-4238-8587 FU Joint Fire Science Program [11-1-1-27] FX Thanks to the Heber Ranger District, Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest. Linda Wadleigh and Chad Hoffman provided data. Research was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program 11-1-1-27 and logistical support was provided by the Ecological Restoration Institute. Two anonymous reviewers gave helpful comments. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 22 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1626 EP 1637 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5OZ UT WOS:000342859800006 ER PT J AU Vaughn, NR Asner, GP Giardina, CP AF Vaughn, Nicholas R. Asner, Gregory P. Giardina, Christian P. TI Centennial impacts of fragmentation on the canopy structure of tropical montane forest SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE canopy height; Carnegie Airborne Observatory; edge effects; gap fraction; Hawaii; kipuka; LiDAR; Metrosideros polymorpha; minimum span ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; NATURE-RESERVES; EDGE INFLUENCE; WET FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; LANDSCAPES; LIGHT; CONSERVATION; FRACTION AB Fragmentation poses one of the greatest threats to tropical forests with short-term changes to the structure of forest canopies affecting microclimate, tree mortality, and growth. Yet the long-term effects of fragmentation are poorly understood because (1) most effects require many decades to materialize, but long-term studies are very rare, (2) the effects of edges on forest canopy structure as a function of fragment size are unknown, and (3) edge effects are often confounded by fragment shape. We quantified the long-term (centennial) effects of fragmentation on forest canopy structure using airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) of 1060 Hawaiian rain forest fragments ranging in size from 0.02 to 1000 ha, created more than 130 years ago by flowing lava. Along with distance from edge, we developed a metric, minimum span, to gain additional insight into edge effects on three measures of canopy structure: canopy height, height variation, and gap fraction. Fragment size was a strong determinant of the three structural variables. Larger fragments had greater average height, larger variation in height, and smaller gap fraction. Minimum span had a large effect on the depth and magnitude of edge effects for the three structural variables. Locations associated with high span values (those surrounded by more forest habitat) showed little effect of distance to fragment edge. In contrast, locations with low span values (those more exposed to edges) were severely limited in canopy height, showed lower height variation, and were associated with greater gap fraction values. The minimum span attribute allows for a more accurate characterization of edge as well as fragment-level effects, and when combined with high resolution imagery, can improve planning of protected areas for long-term ecological sustainability and biodiversity protection. C1 [Vaughn, Nicholas R.; Asner, Gregory P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Vaughn, Nicholas R.; Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Vaughn, NR (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM nvaughn@carnegiescience.edu RI Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013; Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421; Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 FU John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; endowment of the Carnegie Institution for Science; National Science Foundation [DEB-0715593, DEB-1020412, DEB- 1020007, DEB-1019928]; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station FX This study was supported by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the endowment of the Carnegie Institution for Science, National Science Foundation grant DEB-0715593 (G. P. Asner), and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, as well as support from National Science Foundation grants DEB-1020412 (T. Fukami, C. P. Giardina, G. P. Asner), DEB- 1020007 (D. S. Gruner), and DEB-1019928 (D. J. Flaspohler). We thank T. Kennedy-Bowdoin, other Carnegie Airborne Observatory staff members, and D. Leopold for assistance with airborne LiDAR data collection, processing, and analysis. For support of gap fraction estimation, we thank B. Hwang, T. Kovach, C. Phifer, and B. Sung for field measurements, the University of Hawaii at Hilo for access to GPS equipment, and the State of Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife for access to field sites. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is made possible by the Avatar Alliance Foundation, Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, W. M. Keck Foundation, Margaret A. Cargill Foundation, Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker, Jr., and William R. Hearst III. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 24 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1638 EP 1650 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5OZ UT WOS:000342859800007 ER PT J AU Merschel, AG Spies, TA Heyerdahl, EK AF Merschel, Andrew G. Spies, Thomas A. Heyerdahl, Emily K. TI Mixed-conifer forests of central Oregon: effects of logging and fire exclusion vary with environment SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE central Oregon, USA; Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii); eastern Cascade Range, Oregon, USA; fire exclusion; gradient analysis; grand fir (Abies grandis); historical density of ponderosa pine; mixed-conifer forest; mixed-severity fire regime; Ochoco Mountains, Oregon, USA; ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa); white fir (Abies concolor) ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; COLORADO-FRONT-RANGE; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE PATTERNS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; GRADIENT ANALYSIS; STAND STRUCTURE; UNITED-STATES; DRY FORESTS; USA AB Twentieth-century land management has altered the structure and composition of mixed-conifer forests and decreased their resilience to fire, drought, and insects in many parts of the Interior West. These forests occur across a wide range of environmental settings and historical disturbance regimes, so their response to land management is likely to vary across landscapes and among ecoregions. However, this variation has not been well characterized and hampers the development of appropriate management and restoration plans. We identified mixed-conifer types in central Oregon based on historical structure and composition, and successional trajectories following recent changes in land use, and evaluated how these types were distributed across environmental gradients. We used field data from 171 sites sampled across a range of environmental settings in two subregions: the eastern Cascades and the Ochoco Mountains. We identified four forest types in the eastern Cascades and four analogous types with lower densities in the Ochoco Mountains. All types historically contained ponderosa pine, but differed in the historical and modern proportions of shade-tolerant vs. shade-intolerant tree species. The Persistent Ponderosa Pine and Recent Douglas-fir types occupied relatively hot dry environments compared to Recent Grand Fir and Persistent Shade Tolerant sites, which occupied warm moist and cold wet environments, respectively. Twentieth-century selective harvesting halved the density of large trees, with some variation among forest types. In contrast, the density of small trees doubled or tripled early in the 20th century, probably due to land-use change and a relatively cool, wet climate. Contrary to the common perception that thy ponderosa pine forests are the most highly departed from historical conditions, we found a greater departure in the modern composition of small trees in warm moist environments than in either hot dry or cold wet environments. Furthermore, shade-tolerant trees began infilling earlier in cold wet than in hot dry environments and also in topographically shaded sites in the Ochoco Mountains. Our new classification could be used to prioritize management that seeks to restore structure and composition or create resilience in mixed-conifer forests of the region. C1 [Merschel, Andrew G.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Spies, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Heyerdahl, Emily K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Merschel, AG (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM andrew.merschel@oregonstate.edu NR 102 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 41 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1670 EP 1688 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5OZ UT WOS:000342859800009 ER PT J AU Millar, CI Heckman, K Swanston, C Schmidt, K Westfall, RD Delany, DL AF Millar, Constance I. Heckman, Katherine Swanston, Christopher Schmidt, Karena Westfall, Robert D. Delany, Diane L. TI Radiocarbon dating of American pika fecal pellets provides insights into population extirpations and climate refugia SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE American pika; climate refugia; habitat occupancy; historical ecology; isotopes; Ochotona princeps; radiocarbon dating; Sierra Nevada ID BOMB C-14 DATA; SIERRA-NEVADA; OCHOTONA-PRINCEPS; GREAT-BASIN; PERIGLACIAL LANDFORMS; ROCK GLACIERS; UNITED-STATES; USA; CALIFORNIA; RECORD AB The American pika (Ochotona princeps) has become a species of concern for its sensitivity to warm temperatures and potential vulnerability to global warming. We explored the value of radiocarbon dating of fecal pellets to address questions of population persistence and timing of site extirpation. Carbon was extracted from pellets collected at 43 locations in the western Great Basin, USA, including three known occupied sites and 40 sites of uncertain status at range margins or where previous studies indicated the species is vulnerable. We resolved calibrated dates with high precision (within several years), most of which fell in the period of the mid-late 20th century bomb curve. The two-sided nature of the bomb curve renders far- and near-side dates of equal probability, which are separated by one to four decades. We document methods for narrowing resolution to one age range, including stratigraphic analysis of vegetation collected from pika haypiles. No evidence was found for biases in atmospheric C-14 levels due to fossil-derived or industrial CO2 contamination. Radiocarbon dating indicated that pellets can persist for >59 years; known occupied sites resolved contemporary dates. Using combined evidence from field observations and radiocarbon dating, and the Bodie Mountains as an example, we propose a historical biogeographic scenario for pikas in minor Great Basin mountain ranges adjacent to major cordillera, wherein historical climate variability led to cycles of extirpation and recolonization during alternating cool and warm centuries. Using this model to inform future dynamics for small ranges in biogeographic settings similar to the Bodie Mountains in California, extirpation of pikas appears highly likely under directional warming trends projected for the next century, even while populations in extensive cordillera (e.g., Sierra Nevada, Rocky Mountains, Cascade Range) are likely to remain viable due to extensive, diverse habitat and high connectivity. C1 [Millar, Constance I.; Westfall, Robert D.; Delany, Diane L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Heckman, Katherine] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Swanston, Christopher] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Northern Inst Appl Climate Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Schmidt, Karena] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Millar, CI (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Michigan Technological University FX Radiocarbon analysis was graciously supported by the Radiocarbon Collaborative, which is jointly sponsored by the USDA Forest Service, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Michigan Technological University. We thank Dr. Andrew Smith (Arizona State University) and Dr. Donald Grayson (University of Washington) for critical comments on the draft manuscripts and three anonymous reviewers for comprehensive edits and thoughtful comments on the submitted manuscript. NR 76 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 36 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1748 EP 1768 PG 21 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5OZ UT WOS:000342859800014 ER PT J AU Mosley, TL Haag, WR Stoeckel, JA AF Mosley, Tyler L. Haag, Wendell R. Stoeckel, James A. TI Egg fertilisation in a freshwater mussel: effects of distance, flow and male density SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Allee effects; fertilisation; population density; spermcasting; unionid ID DEMOGRAPHIC STOCHASTICITY; MULTIPLE PATERNITY; SPERM LIMITATION; ALLEE; UNIONIDAE; BIVALVIA; SEX; SPERMATOZEUGMATA; CONSERVATION; AGGREGATION AB Small or sparse populations can experience Allee effects if egg fertilisation is reduced because of a shortage of sperm. Freshwater mussels are spermcasters that often occur as sparse, patchy populations. Previous studies suggested that sperm shortage limits these populations unless facultative hermaphroditism and self-fertilisation occur at low density. We conducted experiments in ponds to examine fertilisation in the mussel, Lampsilisstraminea, in response to flow, presence of and distance from males, male density, and the presence of upstream females that could compete for sperm with downstream females. Self-fertilisation in the absence of males did not occur in either experiment. Female fertilisation success was uniformly high in most treatments and was not related to flow or distance from males (1-25m). Fertilisation success was significantly lower at low male density (0.02m(-2), compared with 0.16m(-2)) but remained relatively high even in most low male density treatments. The proportion of females that became gravid was higher in the presence of upstream females, but fecundity was significantly lower when upstream females were present; these conflicting results made it difficult to assess the role of competition among females for sperm. Overall, high fertilisation success occurred at densities three orders of magnitude lower than previously proposed thresholds for mussels. Sperm dispersal and acquisition and egg fertilisation appear to be complex processes associated with adaptations for spermcasting. These adaptations are likely to facilitate persistence at low population density and buffer mussels from reproductive Allee effects. C1 [Mosley, Tyler L.; Stoeckel, James A.] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Haag, Wendell R.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Oxford, MS USA. RP Stoeckel, JA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM jimstoeckel@auburn.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency; US Forest Service, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research FX This study was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency and US Forest Service, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research. We thank Catlin Ames, Mickey Bland, Daniel Foree, Michael Hart, Andrew Gascho Landis and Brad Staton for field and laboratory assistance. Two anonymous reviewers provided comments that improved the manuscript. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 IS 10 BP 2137 EP 2149 DI 10.1111/fwb.12417 PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AQ4IO UT WOS:000342758300010 ER PT J AU Pelaez-Samaniego, MR Yadama, V Garcia-Perez, T Lowell, E Amidon, T AF Raul Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Yadama, Vikram Garcia-Perez, Tsai Lowell, Eini Amidon, Thomas TI Effect of hot water extracted hardwood and softwood chips on particleboard properties SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE hemicelluloses; hot water extraction; lignin; particleboard; springback; wood-water affinity ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HEMICELLULOSE EXTRACTION; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; WOODY BIOMASS; LIGNIN; PRETREATMENT; CELLULOSE; BEHAVIOR; COMPOSITES; STRENGTH AB The affinity of particleboard (PB) to water is one of the main limitations for using PB in moisture-rich environments. PB dimensional stability and durability can be improved by reducing the available hydroxyl groups in wood through hemicellulose removal, for example, by hot water extraction (HWE), which increases wood resistance to moisture uptake. The resulting liquid fraction from HWE is rich in hemicelluloses and can be used for chemicals and fuels, and the solid fraction is less hydrophilic. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of HWE of softwood chips (conducted at 160 degrees C and 90 min) and hardwood chips (160 degrees C and 120 min) on the properties of PB panels. HWE increased compressibility and reduced springback by 34% and 44% for pine and maple chips, respectively, which positively impacted the PB properties. Water absorption of pine PB panels was lowered by 35% and that of maple PB panels by 30%, while reduction of thickness swelling was lowered by 39% for pine PB and 56% for maple PB after 24 h of immersion in water. The mechanical properties were not significantly affected. C1 [Yadama, Vikram] Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Raul Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Raul Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel] Univ Cuenca, Fac Chem Sci, Cuenca, Ecuador. [Yadama, Vikram] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Garcia-Perez, Tsai] Washington State Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lowell, Eini] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. [Amidon, Thomas] SUNY Syracuse, Dept Paper & Bioproc Engn, Syracuse, NY USA. RP Yadama, V (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM vyadama@wsu.edu OI Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Raul/0000-0002-7618-9474 FU USDA Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts Grant Program; Fulbright Faculty Development Program Scholarship FX This project was funded through the USDA Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts 2009 Grant Program. The authors acknowledge Dr. Howard Davis (Washington State University) for his assistance in conducting the chips compression tests and the Franceschi Microscopy Center (Washington State University) for assistance in conducting the SEM analysis. M. R. Pelaez-Samaniego acknowledges the Fulbright Faculty Development Program Scholarship. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 23 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 EI 1437-434X J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD OCT PY 2014 VL 68 IS 7 BP 807 EP 815 DI 10.1515/hf-2013-0150 PG 9 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AQ8VB UT WOS:000343112300009 ER PT J AU Kartal, SN Terzi, E Woodward, B Clausen, CA Lebow, ST AF Kartal, Saip Nami Terzi, Evren Woodward, Bessie Clausen, Carol A. Lebow, Stan T. TI Chemical remediation of wood treated with micronised, nano or soluble copper preservatives SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE bioxalate; CCA; copper azole; copper quat; EDTA; gluconic acid; micronised Cu; nano-Cu; oxalic acid; remediation ID HEAVY-METALS; CHELATING EXTRACTION; WASTE INCINERATION; ACID-EXTRACTION; GLUCONIC ACID; FLY-ASH; CCA; REMOVAL; CHROMIUM; PARTICLEBOARD AB The potential for extraction of copper from wood treated with micronised, nano or soluble forms of copper has been evaluated in view of chemical remediation. In focus were EDTA, oxalic acid, bioxalate, and D-gluconic acid for extraction of Cu from treated wood. Bioxalate extractions for 24 h resulted in Cu removal over 95% for all tested materials, and the effectiveness of oxalic acid extraction was very similar to that of nano-CuO-treated wood. Bioxalate was more effective than oxalic acid in removing Cu from ACQ-D, MCQ, MCA, CA-C and Cu-ethanolamine treated wood. D-gluconic acid extractions resulted in the lowest Cu removal for nano-CuO even though D-gluconic acid was effective for all other materials. As the pH of D-gluconic acid decreased, Cu removal was improved except for nano-CuO. There is no distinctive difference in Cu removal from wood treated with ACQ-D, MCQ, CA-C, MCA and Cu-ethanolamine. C1 [Kartal, Saip Nami; Terzi, Evren] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. [Woodward, Bessie; Clausen, Carol A.; Lebow, Stan T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Kartal, SN (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. EM snkartal@istanbul.edu.tr FU Coordination Unit for Scientific Research Projects, Istanbul University, Turkey [UDP 31403, YOP-27534] FX The authors thank Kolby Hirth, Chemist at Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, USA for conducting the ICP analyses. Portions of this research were presented at the 44th Annual Meeting of International Research Group on Wood Protection (IRGWP), Stockholm, Sweden 16-20 June 2013. This paper is financially supported by the Coordination Unit for Scientific Research Projects, Istanbul University, Turkey (Project No: UDP 31403 and YOP-27534). NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 EI 1437-434X J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD OCT PY 2014 VL 68 IS 7 BP 831 EP 837 DI 10.1515/hf-2013-0212 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AQ8VB UT WOS:000343112300012 ER PT J AU Cooke, RM Wittmann, ME Lodge, DM Rothlisberger, JD Rutherford, ES Zhang, HY Mason, DM AF Cooke, Roger M. Wittmann, Marion E. Lodge, David M. Rothlisberger, John D. Rutherford, Edward S. Zhang, Hongyan Mason, Doran M. TI Out-of-Sample Validation for Structured Expert Judgment of Asian Carp Establishment in Lake Erie SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID OIL FIRES; ELICITATION; MORTALITY; ASSESSMENTS; FISHERIES; IMPACTS; MODEL; US AB Structured expert judgment (SEJ) is used to quantify the uncertainty of nonindigenous fish (bighead carp [Hypophthalmichthys nobilis] and silver carp [H. molitrix]) establishment in Lake Erie. The classical model for structured expert judgment model is applied. Forming a weighted combination (called a decision maker) of experts' distributions, with weights derived from performance on a set of calibration variables from the experts' field, exhibits greater statistical accuracy and greater informativeness than simple averaging with equal weights. New methods of cross validation are applied and suggest that performance characteristics relative to equal weighting could be predicted with a small number (1-2) of calibration variables. The performance-based decision maker is somewhat degraded on out-of-sample prediction, but remained superior to the equal weight decision maker in terms of statistical accuracy and informativeness. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:522-528. (c) 2014 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. C1 [Cooke, Roger M.] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Cooke, Roger M.] Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Cooke, Roger M.] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands. [Wittmann, Marion E.; Lodge, David M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Indiana, PA USA. [Rothlisberger, John D.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Rutherford, Edward S.; Zhang, Hongyan] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mason, Doran M.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Cooke, RM (reprint author), Resources Future Inc, 1616 P St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM cooke@rff.org NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 10 IS 4 BP 522 EP 528 DI 10.1002/ieam.1559 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA AQ2KZ UT WOS:000342616200008 PM 25044130 ER PT J AU Lin, LZ Sun, JH Chen, P Monagas, MJ Harnly, JM AF Lin, Long-Ze Sun, Jianghao Chen, Pei Monagas, Maria J. Harnly, James M. TI UHPLC-PDA-ESUHRMSn Profiling Method To Identify and Quantify Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins in Plant Products SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE oligomeric proanthocyanidins; identification; quantification; plant products; UHPLC-PDA-ESI/HRMS; profiling method ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; L. CV GRACIANO; CABERNET-SAUVIGNON; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CONDENSED TANNINS; PEANUT SKINS; GRAPE SEEDS; PHASE; PROCYANIDINS; TEMPRANILLO AB oligomeric proanthocyanidins were successfully identified by UHPLC-PDA-HRMS in a selection of plant derived materials (jujube fruit, Fuji apple, fruit pericarps of litchi and mangosteen, dark chocolate, and grape seed and cranberry extracts). The identities of 247 proanthocyanidins were theoretically predicted by computing high-accuracy masses based on the degree of polymerization flavan-3-ol components and the number of A type bonds identification of doubly or triply charged ions of 50 PAs was made on the basis of theoretical calculations. A single catechin standard and molar relative response factors (MRRFs) were used to quantify the well-seperated PAs. The ration of the SIM peak counts were used to quantify each of the unseperated isomers. This is the first report of direct determination of each of the proanthocyanidins in plant derived foods and proanthocyanidins containing an epifisetinidol unit in grape seeds. C1 [Lin, Long-Ze; Sun, Jianghao; Chen, Pei; Harnly, James M.] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Monagas, Maria J.] US Pharmacopeia, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Lin, LZ (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC East, Bldg 161,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Longze.lin@are.usda.gov RI Sun, Jianghao/A-6134-2010 FU Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health FX This research is supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 8 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 39 BP 9387 EP 9400 DI 10.1021/jf501011y PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AQ2IR UT WOS:000342609500002 PM 25032782 ER PT J AU Onwulata, CI Tunick, MH Thomas-Gahring, AE AF Onwulata, C. I. Tunick, M. H. Thomas-Gahring, A. E. TI RAPID VISCO ANALYSIS OF FOOD PROTEIN PASTES SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; GLOBULAR PROTEIN; INDUCED GELATION; WHEY; STARCH; GELS; ALBUMIN; TEMPERATURE; LACTALBUMIN; BEHAVIOR AB Whey protein isolate (WPI) powders are used in many formulations to boost nutrients. To predict the pasting behavior of proteins, WPI was tested under varying temperatures, using the Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA), under pasting temperatures from 65 to 75C, RVA speeds from 100 to 500 rpm and protein concentrations from 2.5 to 40%. The optimal pasting profiles for WPI were obtained at 75C, 300 rpm and 30% protein concentration. The concentrations of the other food proteins evaluated were calcium caseinate (CC) 20%, egg albumin (EA) 20%, soy protein isolate (SPI) 10% and extrusion-texturized whey protein isolates (tWPI) 30%. Multiple (12) RVA pasting runs of WPI resulted in a superimposed profile with peak paste value of 1.50 +/- 0.3 Pa.s and a standard error of +/- 0.43 Pa.s. The RVA pasting peaks (Pas) were: CC (6.2), EA (4.6), SPI (0.6) and tWPI (1.7). Protein concentration needed for RVA pasting profile ranged from 5 to 30%. C1 [Onwulata, C. I.; Tunick, M. H.; Thomas-Gahring, A. E.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Onwulata, CI (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.onwulata@osec.usda.gov FU [-58-1935-9-174F] FX The assistance of Mr. Eric Tilman and Derek Ithen with RVA analysis is gratefully appreciated. The contribution of United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center and CSIR-Food Research Institute is appreciated. Grant Agreement -58-1935-9-174F. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 38 IS 5 BP 2083 EP 2089 DI 10.1111/jfpp.12188 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AQ4MM UT WOS:000342771600005 ER PT J AU Inglett, GE Chen, DJ AF Inglett, George E. Chen, Diejun TI PROCESSING AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CHIA-OAT HYDROCOLLOIDS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID SALVIA-HISPANICA L.; GLUCAN-RICH HYDROCOLLOIDS; DIETARY-FIBER; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; SEEDS; OIL; CHOLESTEROL; EXTRACTION; C-TRIM30; DISEASE AB Chia-oat dry blended composites and their processed hydrocolloids containing 3 and 6 fatty acids from chia along with soluble -glucan from three oat products were developed and studied. Chia's 3 fatty acids and soluble -glucan from oat products are recognized for preventing heart disease. Chia-oat dry blended composites (DBC) at ratios 1:4 and 1:1 were prepared by high-shearing Polytron homogenizer (P), hydrothermal jet-cooking (J), sieving (S) and drum-drying (D), respectively, prior to preparing chia hydrocolloids (P-S-D; P-J-S-D). The pasting property measurement by a Rapid Visco Analyzer and water-holding capacity (WHC) evaluation provided useful information on their interesting physical properties. P-S-D and P-J-S-D products gave unexpectedly low viscosities compared with DBC. These viscoelastic properties make chia-oat hydrocolloids unique for use in beverages containing the functional components 3 fatty acids and -glucan. All chia-oat dry blend composites and hydrocolloids provide exceptional nutritional properties and texture qualities for functional food products. C1 [Inglett, George E.; Chen, Diejun] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Inglett, GE (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM George.Inglett@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 38 IS 5 BP 2099 EP 2107 DI 10.1111/jfpp.12190 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AQ4MM UT WOS:000342771600007 ER PT J AU Juneja, VK Garcia-Davila, J Lopez-Romero, JC Pena-Ramos, EA Camou, JP Valenzuela-Melendres, M AF Juneja, Vijay K. Garcia-Davila, Jimena Cesar Lopez-Romero, Julio Aida Pena-Ramos, Etna Pedro Camou, Juan Valenzuela-Melendres, Martin TI Modeling the Effects of Temperature, Sodium Chloride, and Green Tea and Their Interactions on the Thermal Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in Turkey SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; COOKED GROUND-BEEF; HEAT-RESISTANCE; CAMELLIA-SINENSIS; PREDICTIVE MODEL; HEALTH-BENEFITS; GROWTH; MEAT; FOOD; PH AB The interactive effects of heating temperature (55 to 65 degrees C), sodium chloride (NaCl; 0 to 2%), and green tea 60% polyphenol extract (GTPE; 0 to 3%) on the heat resistance of a five-strain mixture of Listeria monocytogenes in ground turkey were determined. Thermal death times were quantified in bags that were submerged in a circulating water bath set at 55, 57, 60, 63, and 65 C. The recovery medium was tryptic soy agar supplemented with 0.6% yeast extract and 1% sodium pyruvate. D-values were analyzed by second-order response surface regression for temperature, NaCl, and GTPE. The data indicated that all three factors interacted to affect the inactivation of the pathogen. The D-values for turkey with no NaCl or GTPE at 55, 57, 60, 63, and 65 degrees C were 36.3, 20.8, 13.2, 4.1, and 2.9 min, respectively. Although NaCl exhibited a concentration-dependent protective effect against heat lethality on L. monocyto genes in turkey, addition of GTPE rendered the pathogen more sensitive to the lethal effect of heat. GTPE levels up to 1.5% interacted with NaCl and reduced the protective effect of NaCl on heat resistance of the pathogen. Food processors can use the predictive model to design an appropriate heat treatment that would inactivate L. monocyto genes in cooked turkey products without adversely affecting the quality of the product. C1 [Juneja, Vijay K.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19308 USA. [Garcia-Davila, Jimena; Cesar Lopez-Romero, Julio; Aida Pena-Ramos, Etna; Pedro Camou, Juan; Valenzuela-Melendres, Martin] CIAD, Res Ctr Food & Dev, AC, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. RP Juneja, VK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19308 USA. EM vijay.juneja@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 19 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 77 IS 10 BP 1696 EP 1702 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-124 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AQ6AB UT WOS:000342888600006 PM 25285486 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Verma, SK Ferreira, LR Oliveira, S Cassinelli, AB Ying, Y Kwok, OCH Tuo, W Chiesa, OA Jones, JL AF Dubey, J. P. Verma, S. K. Ferreira, L. R. Oliveira, S. Cassinelli, A. B. Ying, Y. Kwok, O. C. H. Tuo, W. Chiesa, O. A. Jones, J. L. TI Detection and Survival of Toxoplasma gondii in Milk and Cheese from Experimentally Infected Goats SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CELL CULTIVATION; PREGNANT COWS; CAPTURE ELISA; CAT BIOASSAY; RAW CAPRINE; DAIRY GOATS; PCR METHODS; OOCYSTS; MICE AB The consumption of unpasteurized goat cheese and goat's milk has been suggested as a risk factor for toxoplasmosis in humans. In the present study, detection and survival of Toxoplasma gondii in milk and cheese was studied by bioassay in mice (milk) and in cats (cheese). Eight goats were inoculated orally with 300 to 10,000 oocysts of T. gondii strain TgGoatUS26. Milk samples were collected daily up to 30 days postinoculation and bioassayed in mice and cats. For mouse bioassay, 50 ml of milk samples were centrifuged, and the sediment was inoculated subcutaneously into mice. Mice were tested for T. gondii infection by seroconversion and by the demonstration of parasites. By mouse bioassay, T. gondii was detected in milk from all eight goats. The T. gondii excretion in milk was intermittent. For cat bioassay, 400 ml (100 ml or more from each goat) of milk from four goats from 6 to 27 days postinoculation were pooled daily, and cheese was made using rennin. Ten grams of cheese was fed daily to four cats, and cat feces were examined for oocyst shedding. One cat fed cheese shed oocysts 7 to 11 days after consuming cheese. Attempts were made to detect T. gondii DNA in milk of four goats; T. gondii was detected by PCR more consistently, but there was no correlation between detection of viable T. gondii by bioassay in mice and T. gondii DNA by PCR. Results indicate that T. gondii can be excreted in goat's milk and can survive in fresh cheese made by cold-enzyme treatment. To prevent transmission to humans or animals, milk should not be consumed raw. Raw fresh goat cheese made by cold-enzyme treatment of unpasteurized milk also should not be consumed. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Verma, S. K.; Ferreira, L. R.; Oliveira, S.; Cassinelli, A. B.; Ying, Y.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Tuo, W.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chiesa, O. A.] US FDA, Div Appl Vet Res, Res Off, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 77 IS 10 BP 1747 EP 1753 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-167 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AQ6AB UT WOS:000342888600012 PM 25285492 ER PT J AU Luedtke, BE Bono, JL Bosilevac, JM AF Luedtke, Brandon E. Bono, James L. Bosilevac, Joseph M. TI Evaluation of real time PCR assays for the detection and enumeration of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli directly from cattle feces SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Enterohemorrhagic E. coli; Limit of detection; Limit of quantification; Multiplex qPCR; Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli ID IN-GROUND BEEF; SHIGA TOXINS; O-SEROGROUPS; RISK-FACTORS; COPY NUMBER; GENES; O157; PREVALENCE; STRAINS; EHEC AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli are a growing concern in the area of food safety, and the United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service has identified the serotypes O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157 as adulterants in certain types of raw beef. The most relevant to human disease are the enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) strains that possess intimin (eae), Shiga toxin 1 and/or 2 (stx1-2), and in most cases the conserved pO157 or pO157 like virulence plasmid. Contamination of raw beef with EHEC is likely to occur via the transfer of cattle feces on hides to the carcass. To detect EHEC directly from cattle feces, we evaluated the utility of a multiplex real time PCR assay that targets the EHEC associated gene target ecf1 in combination with eae and stx1-2. Our assay had an increased sensitivity and provided a reliable limit of detection (LOD) of 1.25 x 10(3) colony-forming units per mL (CFUs/mL) in an EHEC spiked fecal background. In addition, we evaluated the use of a duplex qPCR assay using ecf1 for the enumeration of total EHEC directly from cattle feces. The reliable limit of quantification (LOQ) was determined to be 1.25 x 10(3) CFUs/mL Our assay requires minimal sample processing and provides LOD and LOQ of EHEC directly from cattle feces that are the lowest reported. The application of this assay towards the identification of cattle shedding EHEC at a level above 1.25 x 10(3) CFUs/mL could be a first line of defense in identifying cattle shedding these pathogens. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Luedtke, Brandon E.; Bono, James L.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Bosilevac, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mick.bosilevac@ars.usda.gov FU American Meat Institute Foundation FX The authors would like to thank Greg Smith for technical assistance and Jody Gallagher for secretarial assistance. This work was funded in part by the American Meat Institute Foundation. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD OCT PY 2014 VL 105 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.07.015 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA AQ5WO UT WOS:000342879500012 PM 25064761 ER PT J AU Graham, MH Bush, JA Olvera, N Puyau, MR Butte, NF AF Graham, Marilynn H. Bush, Jill A. Olvera, Norma Puyau, Maurice R. Butte, Nancy F. TI EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MODIFIED PROGRESSIVE AEROBIC CAPACITY ENDURANCE RUN TEST FOR ASSESSING AEROBIC FITNESS IN HISPANIC CHILDREN WHO ARE OBESE SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aerobic threshold; field test; youth; obesity ID PHYSICAL-FITNESS; CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS; OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; ADOLESCENTS; EXERCISE; FATNESS; PERFORMANCE; PREVALENCE; ADIPOSITY AB Graham, MH, Bush, JA, Olvera, N, Puyau, MR, and Butte, NF. Effectiveness of the modified progressive aerobic capacity endurance run test for assessing aerobic fitness in Hispanic children who are obese. J Strength Cond Res 28(10): 2880-2887, 2014The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the progressive aerobic capacity endurance run (PACER) and a newly designed modified PACER (MPACER) for assessing aerobic fitness in Hispanic children who are obese. Thirty-nine (aged 7-12 years) children who were considered obese (95th body mass index [BMI] percentile) and 16 children who were considered normal weight (<85th BMI percentile) participated in this study. Performance outcomes included test duration (in minutes) and exercise heart rate (HR) (first-stage and peak HR) for each test. Ninety-five percent confidence intervals and independent t-tests were used to assess differences in primary outcomes. Mean PACER test duration was 1.6 +/- 0.6 and 3.1 +/- 1.3 minutes for children who were obese and normal weight, respectively. Modified PACER duration was higher than 3 minutes for the obese (3.6 +/- 0.6 minutes) and normal weight (5.3 +/- 1.2 minutes) groups. Children first-stage HR, expressed as a percent of peak HR, was above the predicted anaerobic threshold during the PACER, but below the anaerobic threshold during the MPACER. Relative first-stage HR was not significantly different between groups for the PACER, but they were significantly different between groups for the MPACER. In conclusion, the MPACER was a better alternative than the PACER for assessing aerobic fitness in Hispanic children who were normal weight and obese. When validated, this modified field test could be used to assess aerobic fitness in Hispanic children, particularly those who are overweight or obese. Additionally, the study provides evidence in which physical educators, personal trainers, and others most apt to assess aerobic fitness in children who are obese, should modify tests originally designed for the population who are normal weight. C1 [Graham, Marilynn H.; Bush, Jill A.; Olvera, Norma] Univ Houston, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Bush, Jill A.] Coll New Jersey, Ewing, NJ USA. [Bush, Jill A.; Puyau, Maurice R.; Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci,ARS,USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Bush, JA (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Houston, TX 77004 USA. EM jillbushphd@yahoo.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [A75/CCH624016]; United States Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service (USDA/ARS) [6250-51000-037] FX This research was funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, A75/CCH624016) and United States Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service (USDA/ARS, 6250-51000-037). The authors thank all the children who participated in this research study. Additionally, the authors thank the Ripley House Charter School for their participation and help to make this research possible. The authors disclose that there are no professional relationships with companies or manufacturers benefiting from the results of this study. The results of this study do not constitute endorsement of the product by the authors or the National Strength and Conditioning Association. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1064-8011 EI 1533-4287 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 28 IS 10 BP 2880 EP 2887 DI 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000544 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA AQ6CG UT WOS:000342894800023 PM 25029012 ER PT J AU Bekker, MF DeRose, RJ Buckley, BM Kjelgren, RK Gill, NS AF Bekker, Matthew F. DeRose, R. Justin Buckley, Brendan M. Kjelgren, Roger K. Gill, Nathan S. TI A 576-YEAR WEBER RIVER STREAMFLOW RECONSTRUCTION FROM TREE RINGS FOR WATER RESOURCE RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE WASATCH FRONT, UTAH SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE dendrochronology; drought; paleohydrology; planning; Utah ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; GREAT-SALT-LAKE; NORTHEASTERN UTAH; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION; DROUGHT; CLIMATE; LEVEL; ENSO AB We present a 576-year tree-ring-based reconstruction of streamflow for northern Utah's Weber River that exhibits considerable interannual and decadal-scale variability. While the 20th Century instrumental period includes several extreme individual dry years, it was the century with the fewest such years of the entire reconstruction. Extended droughts were more severe in duration, magnitude, and intensity prior to the instrumental record, including the most protracted drought of the record, which spanned 16 years from 1703 to 1718. Extreme wet years and periods are also a regular feature of the reconstruction. A strong early 17th Century pluvial exceeds the early 20th Century pluvial in magnitude, duration, and intensity, and dwarfs the 1980s wet period that caused significant flooding along the Wasatch Front. The long-term hydroclimatology of northern Utah is marked by considerable uncertainty; hence, our reconstruction provides water managers with a more complete record of water resource variability for assessment of the risk of droughts and floods for one of the largest and most rapidly growing population centers in the Intermountain West. C1 [Bekker, Matthew F.; Gill, Nathan S.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geog, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [DeRose, R. Justin] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Buckley, Brendan M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Kjelgren, Roger K.] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Bekker, MF (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geog, 690 SWKT, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM matthew_bekker@byu.edu OI Gill, Nathan/0000-0003-1496-8197 FU Brigham Young University; Charles Redd Center for Western Studies; US Bureau of Reclamation WaterSmart Grant [R13AC80039] FX We thank Chelsea Decker, Kimball Hansen, Joseph Naylor V, and Matthew Collier for assistance in the field and laboratory. We also thank Jeff Lukas and Connie Woodhouse for helpful advice and the contributors to the International Tree-Ring Data Bank. Three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by Brigham Young University, the Charles Redd Center for Western Studies, and US Bureau of Reclamation WaterSmart Grant No. R13AC80039. This study was prepared in part by an employee of the US Forest Service as part of official duties and is therefore in the public domain. This is a contribution of the Wasatch Dendroclimatology Research Group (WADR) and LDEO contribution number 7769. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1338 EP 1348 DI 10.1111/jawr.12191 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AQ6AV UT WOS:000342890600017 ER PT J AU Statham, MJ Murdoch, J Janecka, J Aubry, KB Edwards, CJ Soulsbury, CD Berry, O Wang, ZH Harrison, D Pearch, M Tomsett, L Chupasko, J Sacks, BN AF Statham, Mark J. Murdoch, James Janecka, Jan Aubry, Keith B. Edwards, Ceiridwen J. Soulsbury, Carl D. Berry, Oliver Wang, Zhenghuan Harrison, David Pearch, Malcolm Tomsett, Louise Chupasko, Judith Sacks, Benjamin N. TI Range-wide multilocus phylogeography of the red fox reveals ancient continental divergence, minimal genomic exchange and distinct demographic histories SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE global phylogeography; mitochondrial DNA; nuclear DNA; Pleistocene; speciation; Vulpes fulva; Vulpes vulpes; Y-chromosome ID WOLVES CANIS-LUPUS; VULPES-VULPES; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; POPULATION-GENETICS; MTDNA VARIATION; GENOTYPE DATA; MIXED MODELS; EXPANSION AB Widely distributed taxa provide an opportunity to compare biogeographic responses to climatic fluctuations on multiple continents and to investigate speciation. We conducted the most geographically and genomically comprehensive study to date of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), the world's most widely distributed wild terrestrial carnivore. Analyses of 697bp of mitochondrial sequence in similar to 1000 individuals suggested an ancient Middle Eastern origin for all extant red foxes and a 400kya (SD=139kya) origin of the primary North American (Nearctic) clade. Demographic analyses indicated a major expansion in Eurasia during the last glaciation (similar to 50kya), coinciding with a previously described secondary transfer of a single matriline (Holarctic) to North America. In contrast, North American matrilines (including the transferred portion of Holarctic clade) exhibited no signatures of expansion until the end of the Pleistocene (similar to 12kya). Analyses of 11 autosomal loci from a subset of foxes supported the colonization time frame suggested by mtDNA (and the fossil record) but, in contrast, reflected no detectable secondary transfer, resulting in the most fundamental genomic division of red foxes at the Bering Strait. Endemic continental Y-chromosome clades further supported this pattern. Thus, intercontinental genomic exchange was overall very limited, consistent with long-term reproductive isolation since the initial colonization of North America. Based on continental divergence times in other carnivoran species pairs, our findings support a model of peripatric speciation and are consistent with the previous classification of the North American red fox as a distinct species, V. fulva. C1 [Statham, Mark J.; Sacks, Benjamin N.] Univ Calif Davis, Mammalian Ecol & Conservat Unit, Vet Genet Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Murdoch, James] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Aiken Ctr 303A, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Janecka, Jan] Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. [Aubry, Keith B.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Edwards, Ceiridwen J.] Univ Oxford, Res Lab Archaeol, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Soulsbury, Carl D.] Lincoln Univ, Sch Life Sci, Lincoln LN6 7TS, England. [Berry, Oliver] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Environm & Life Sci, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia. [Berry, Oliver] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol M092, Invas Anim Cooperat Res Ctr, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Wang, Zhenghuan] E China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Harrison, David; Pearch, Malcolm] Harrison Inst, Sevenoaks TN13 3AQ, Kent, England. [Tomsett, Louise] Nat Hist Museum, Mammal Sect, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Chupasko, Judith] Harvard Museum Comparat Zool, Dept Mammal, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sacks, Benjamin N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Statham, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Mammalian Ecol & Conservat Unit, Vet Genet Lab, One Shields Ave,Old Davis Rd, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM Statham@ucdavis.edu RI Edwards, Ceiridwen/F-8855-2010; Soulsbury, Carl/F-3137-2010; Berry, Oliver/F-3372-2013 OI Edwards, Ceiridwen/0000-0001-9126-1377; Soulsbury, Carl/0000-0001-8808-5210; Berry, Oliver/0000-0001-7545-5083 FU Veterinary Genetics Laboratory at the University of California, Davis; Systematics Research Fund (the Systematics Association); Systematics Research Fund (Linnean Society of London) FX Thank you to A. Statham for assistance with sampling, and to S. Watanabe and M. Kato for laboratory assistance. The following individuals allowed us access to museum samples: R. Fisher and S. Peurach (National Museum of Natural History) and K. Zyskowski (Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University). We would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for providing modern genetic samples: C. O'Reilly (Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland); D. O'Mahony (Ecological Management Group, Belfast, Northern Ireland); E. Geffen (Tel Aviv University, Israel); S. Lapidge and contributors to the Australian Fox DNA project; R. Wayne (UCLA); K. Noren (University of Stockholm); L. Dalen (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm); Beringia 2005 expedition organized by the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat; A. Ardalan (Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden); C. Hammar (Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation, Shahaniya, Qatar); R. Kasten and B. Chomel (UC Davis); T. McCarthy (Panthera and Snow Leopard Trust); S. Rabinowitz, I. M. G. Dias, S. Loss (American Museum of Natural History); L. Waits (University of Idaho); M. Abdel (University of Granada); M. Galiana Garcia, J. Carranza and D. Camps Munuera (Spain); T. Bailey (U. A. E.); K. Jumabaev (Kyrgyzstan); D. Ehrich (University of Tromso, Norway); A. Kukekova (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign); and N. Illarionova (Russian Federation). We thank B. Moore (UC Davis) for help with the long tree problem in MrBayes. We thank C. Schrago (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) for providing time estimate data on divergence of Canids. We thank B. Carstens (Ohio State University) for help and discussion regarding the species delimitation program SpedeSTEM. We thank S. Ho (University of Sydney) for advice regarding Beast. Lastly, we thank five anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions on a previous draft greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. Partial funding was provided by the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory at the University of California, Davis, and the Systematics Research Fund (the Systematics Association and the Linnean Society of London). NR 82 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 9 U2 89 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 19 BP 4813 EP 4830 DI 10.1111/mec.12898 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AQ4DQ UT WOS:000342743000014 PM 25212210 ER PT J AU Liu, WS Mazarei, M Peng, YH Fethe, MH Rudis, MR Lin, JY Millwood, RJ Arelli, PR Stewart, CN AF Liu, Wusheng Mazarei, Mitra Peng, Yanhui Fethe, Michael H. Rudis, Mary R. Lin, Jingyu Millwood, Reginald J. Arelli, Prakash R. Stewart, Charles Neal, Jr. TI Computational discovery of soybean promoter cis-regulatory elements for the construction of soybean cyst nematode-inducible synthetic promoters SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE de novo motif discovery; plant synthetic biology; pporRFP; transgenic soybean hairy system; soybean cyst nematode; soybean ID FACTOR-BINDING SITES; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; MOTIF DISCOVERY; FLUORESCENT PROTEINS; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; ARABIDOPSIS PLANTS; DNA; SEQUENCES; PATHOGEN; ROOTS AB Computational methods offer great hope but limited accuracy in the prediction of functional cis-regulatory elements; improvements are needed to enable synthetic promoter design. We applied an ensemble strategy for de novo soybean cyst nematode (SCN)-inducible motif discovery among promoters of 18 co-expressed soybean genes that were selected from six reported microarray studies involving a compatible soybean-SCN interaction. A total of 116 overlapping motif regions (OMRs) were discovered bioinformatically that were identified by at least four out of seven bioinformatic tools. Using synthetic promoters, the inducibility of each OMR or motif itself was evaluated by co-localization of gain of function of an orange fluorescent protein reporter and the presence of SCN in transgenic soybean hairy roots. Among 16 OMRs detected from two experimentally confirmed SCN-inducible promoters, 11 OMRs (i. e. 68.75%) were experimentally confirmed to be SCN-inducible, leading to the discovery of 23 core motifs of 5- to 7-bp length, of which 14 are novel in plants. We found that a combination of the three best tools (i. e. SCOPE, W-AlignACE and Weeder) could detect all 23 core motifs. Thus, this strategy is a high-throughput approach for de novo motif discovery in soybean and offers great potential for novel motif discovery and synthetic promoter engineering for any plant and trait in crop biotechnology. C1 [Liu, Wusheng; Mazarei, Mitra; Peng, Yanhui; Fethe, Michael H.; Rudis, Mary R.; Lin, Jingyu; Millwood, Reginald J.; Stewart, Charles Neal, Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Arelli, Prakash R.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, MRS, Jackson, TN USA. RP Stewart, CN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM nealstewart@utk.edu FU USDA-NIFA FX We gratefully acknowledge funding by grants from USDA-NIFA. We thank Dr. Priya Ranjan for downloading the whole intergenic sequences of soybean, Dr. Robert Gross for creating the soybean background for SCOPE and Dr. Giulio Pavesi for creating the soybean background for Weeder. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 EI 1467-7652 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 12 IS 8 BP 1015 EP 1026 DI 10.1111/pbi.12206 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AQ5JB UT WOS:000342843000003 PM 24893752 ER PT J AU Singh, RJ Nelson, RL AF Singh, R. J. Nelson, R. L. TI Methodology for creating alloplasmic soybean lines by using Glycine tomentella as a maternal parent SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE cytoplasmic male sterility; disomic alien addition line; Glycine max; immature seed rescue; monosomic alien addition line; tertiary gene pool; wild perennial Glycine species ID WILD PERENNIAL RELATIVES; MAX L MERR; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; WIDE HYBRIDIZATION; GENOMIC DIVERSITY; EMBRYO CULTURE; HAYATA; RICE; MORPHOLOGY; CYTOLOGY AB Soybean breeders have not exploited the diversity of the 26 wild perennial species of the subgenus Glycine Willd. that are distantly related to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and harbour useful genes. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology for introgressing cytoplasmic and genetic diversity from Glycine tomentellaPI 441001 (2n=78) into cultivated soybean using Dwight' (2n=40) as the male parent. Immature seeds (19-21days post-pollination) were cultured in vitro to produce F-1 plants (2n=59). Amphidiploid (2n=118) plants, induced by colchicine treatment, were vigorous and produced mature pods and seeds after backcrossing with Dwight'. The BC1 plants (2n=79) produced mature seeds in crosses with Dwight'. Chromosome numbers in BC2F1 plants ranged from 2n=41-50. From BC2F2 to BC3F1, the number of plants in parentheses with 2n=40 (275), 2n=41 (208), 2n=42 (80), 2n=43 (27), 2n=44 (12) and 2n=45 (3) were identified. Fertile lines were grown in the field during 2012 and 2013. This is the first report of the successful development of new alloplasmic soybean lines with cytoplasm from G.tomentella. C1 [Singh, R. J.; Nelson, R. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Singh, RJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, 1101 W Peabody Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM Ram.Singh@ARS.USDA.GOV FU Illinois Soybean Association; Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center FX This study was funded by the Illinois Soybean Association and the Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center. We would like to thank many undergraduate students who helped in immature seed rescue program. Professor G. H. Chung, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Korea and Professor Jai Dev, C.S.K. Himanchal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India, participated in this study. We are thankful to Raji Yusuf for taking care of plants in the greenhouse. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 133 IS 5 BP 624 EP 631 DI 10.1111/pbr.12196 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AQ4WD UT WOS:000342800400011 ER PT J AU Parco, AS Avellaneda, MC Hale, AH Hoy, JW Kimbeng, CA Pontif, MJ Gravois, KA Baisakh, N AF Parco, Arnold S. Avellaneda, Mavir C. Hale, Anna H. Hoy, Jeffrey W. Kimbeng, Collins A. Pontif, Michael J. Gravois, Kenneth A. Baisakh, Niranjan TI Frequency and distribution of the brown rust resistance gene Bru1 and implications for the Louisiana sugarcane breeding programme SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE brown rust; Bru1; Louisiana; marker; sugarcane ID DISEASE; MARKER; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE AB Brown rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia melanocephala, poses an increasing threat to sugarcane industries worldwide. Recently, markers R12H16 and 9020-F4 were developed for a major resistance gene Bru1 that contributes to a significant proportion of brown rust resistance in multiple sugarcane industries. Marker-assisted screening of Louisiana sugarcane germplasm showed a low frequency (4.3%, five out of 117 clones) of Bru1 among sugarcane cultivars and elite breeding clones. Likewise, among progeny of crosses involving wild/exotic germplasm, only 14 of 208 clones (6.7%) tested Bru1 positive. However, Bru1 frequency was higher (28.7%, 52 of 181 clones) in wild/exotic germplasm, which indicated that diverse genetic resources are available for Bru1 introgression. Commercial Bru1-positive cultivar, L 01-299', was resistant to brown rust. However, Bru1-positive cultivar, L 10-146', was susceptible while Bru1-negative cultivars, such as L 99-233', showed resistance to brown rust. Bru1-negative clones with brown rust resistance offer an opportunity to identify alternate sources of resistance, which can be pyramided with Bru1 for effective and durable resistance in sugarcane against the changing pathogen. C1 [Parco, Arnold S.; Baisakh, Niranjan] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Avellaneda, Mavir C.; Hoy, Jeffrey W.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hale, Anna H.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Kimbeng, Collins A.; Pontif, Michael J.; Gravois, Kenneth A.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sugar Res Stn, St Gabriel, LA USA. RP Baisakh, N (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM nbaisakh@agcenter.lsu.edu FU American Sugar Cane League; Hatch funds from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX The research was supported by a grant from the American Sugar Cane League and Hatch funds from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. The manuscript has been approved for publication by the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as MS# 2014-306-14077. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 133 IS 5 BP 654 EP 659 DI 10.1111/pbr.12186 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AQ4WD UT WOS:000342800400015 ER PT J AU Limantseva, L Mironenko, N Shuvalov, O Antonova, O Khiutti, A Novikova, L Afanasenko, O Spooner, D Gavrilenko, T AF Limantseva, Ludmila Mironenko, Nina Shuvalov, Oleg Antonova, Olga Khiutti, Alexandr Novikova, Lubov Afanasenko, Olga Spooner, David Gavrilenko, Tatjana TI Characterization of resistance to Globodera rostochiensis pathotype Ro1 in cultivated and wild potato species accessions from the Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Globodera rostochiensis pathotype Ro1; landraces; marker assisted selection (MAS); nematode; potato; wild species ID GENE CONFERRING RESISTANCE; HIGH-RESOLUTION MAP; CYST-NEMATODE; PALLIDA; POLYMORPHISM; MARKER; POPULATIONS; PCR AB Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) collected in six localities in the Leningrad region of North West Russia were identified as Globodera rostochiensis pathotype Ro1 and were used for subsequent resistance tests. Seventy-nine accessions of cultivated and closely related wild potato species from the VIR collection in Russia were screened on resistance to G. rostochiensis pathotype Ro1 and on the presence of molecular markers for H1 and Gro1-4 resistance genes. No associations were detected between the resistance level of diploid and tetraploid Andean and tetraploid Chilean potato landraces (indigenous cultivars) and their related wild species and their geographical distribution or presence of PCR-based markers that are associated with the H1 and Gro1-4 genes. At the same time, all susceptible genotypes lacked such markers. New sources of resistance were found and could be used in breeding. C1 [Limantseva, Ludmila; Mironenko, Nina; Khiutti, Alexandr; Afanasenko, Olga] All Russian Inst Plant Protect, Lab Plant Immun Dis, St Petersburg 196608, Russia. [Shuvalov, Oleg; Antonova, Olga; Novikova, Lubov; Gavrilenko, Tatjana] NI Vavilov Inst Plant Ind VIR, Dept Biotechnol, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. [Spooner, David] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Gavrilenko, Tatjana] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. RP Gavrilenko, T (reprint author), NI Vavilov Inst Plant Ind VIR, Dept Biotechnol, Bolshaya Morskaya St 42-44, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. EM tatjana9972@yandex.ru OI Antonova, Olga/0000-0001-8334-8069 FU [ISTC 3329] FX This research was supported by grant ISTC 3329. We thank Dr. E. Rogozina and Dr. N. Chalaya for help with maintenance of plants of wild species accessions; E. Krylova and A. Shuvalova for help with maintenance of cultivated species accessions; Y. Dobrinin for technical assistance; and Dr. S. Kiru for providing germplasm from the VIR collection. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 133 IS 5 BP 660 EP 665 DI 10.1111/pbr.12195 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AQ4WD UT WOS:000342800400016 ER PT J AU Njambere, EN Peever, TL Vandemark, G Chen, W AF Njambere, E. N. Peever, T. L. Vandemark, G. Chen, W. TI Genotypic variation and population structure of Sclerotinia trifoliorum infecting chickpea in California SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE group I intron; haplotype; microsatellite; mycelial compatibility grouping; Sclerotinia trifoliorum ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; CLONALITY; CANOLA; FUNGI; INCOMPATIBILITY; WASHINGTON; DIVERSITY; GENETICS; BIOLOGY; SCALE AB Sclerotinia trifoliorum, an important pathogen of cool season legumes, displays both homothallism and heterothallism in its life cycle, unique among members of the genus Sclerotinia. Very little is known about its genetic diversity and population structure. A sample of 129 isolates of S.trifoliorum from diseased chickpea in California was investigated for genetic diversity, population differentiation and reproductive mode. Genetic diversity was estimated using mycelial compatibility (MCG) phenotypes, rDNA intron variation, and allelic diversity at seven microsatellite loci. Genetic analysis revealed high levels of genotypic diversity demonstrated by high genotypic richness (088). Similarly, high levels of gene diversity (mean expected heterozygosity H-E=068) were observed at the microsatellite loci. Geographic populations of S.trifoliorum were highly admixed as evident from low F-ST values (0-011), suggesting high contemporary or historical gene flow. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance showed that more than 92% of the genetic variation occurred among isolates within populations. Bayesian clustering analysis identified four cryptic genetic populations that were not correlated to geographic location, and index of multilocus association was non-significant in each of the four genetic populations. However, the presence of identical haplotypes within and among populations indicates clonal reproduction. The high levels of haplotype diversity and population heterogeneity, a lack of correspondence between MCG and microsatellite haplotype, and low levels of population differentiation suggest that populations of S.trifoliorum in chickpea have been undergoing extensive outcrossing and migration events probably shaped by human-mediated dissemination, the underlying diverse cropping systems, and chickpea disease management practices. C1 [Njambere, E. N.; Peever, T. L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Vandemark, G.; Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res, 303 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM w-chen@wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service National Sclerotinia Initiative FX The authors wish to express their appreciation to two anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions to the manuscript. The project was funded, in part, by the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service National Sclerotinia Initiative. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 EI 1365-3059 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 994 EP 1004 DI 10.1111/ppa.12176 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AQ4YS UT WOS:000342808300004 ER PT J AU Oliver, R Lichtenzveig, J Tan, KC Waters, O Rybak, K Lawrence, J Friesen, T Burgess, P AF Oliver, R. Lichtenzveig, J. Tan, K. -C. Waters, O. Rybak, K. Lawrence, J. Friesen, T. Burgess, P. TI Absence of detectable yield penalty associated with insensitivity to Pleosporales necrotrophic effectors in wheat grown in the West Australian wheat belt SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parastagonospora; Pyrenophora; septoria nodorum blotch; tan spot disease; yellow spot; yield trade-off ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; STAGONOSPORA NODORUM BLOTCH; ESTIMATING DISEASE LOSSES; TAN SPOT; RESISTANCE GENE; TRIGGERED SUSCEPTIBILITY; TSN1-TOXA INTERACTION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FUNGAL; BARLEY AB Genetic disease resistance is widely assumed, and occasionally proven, to cause host yield or fitness penalties due to inappropriate activation of defence response mechanisms or diversion of resources to surplus preformed defences. The study of resistance gene trade-offs has so far been restricted to biotrophic pathogens. In some Pleosporales necrotrophic interactions, quantitative resistance is positively associated with insensitivity to effectors. Host lines that differ in sensitivity can easily be identified amongst current cultivars and advanced breeding lines. Large wheat cultivar trials were used to test whether lines sensitive or insensitive to three necrotrophic effectors from Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Parastagonospora nodorum differed in yield when subjected to natural disease and stress pressures in the West Australian wheat belt. There was no significant yield penalty associated with insensitivity to the fungal effectors ToxA, SnTox1 and SnTox3. Some yield gains were associated with insensitivity and some of these gains could be attributed to increased disease resistance. It is concluded that insensitivity to these effectors does not render such plants more vulnerable to any relevant biotic or abiotic stress present in these trials. These results suggest that the elimination of sensitivity alleles for necrotrophic effectors is a safe and facile strategy for improving disease resistance whilst maintaining or improving other desirable traits. C1 [Oliver, R.; Lichtenzveig, J.; Tan, K. -C.; Waters, O.; Rybak, K.; Lawrence, J.] Curtin Univ, Australian Ctr Necrotroph Fungal Pathogens, Dept Environm & Agr, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Friesen, T.] ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Burgess, P.] Kalyx Australia Pty, Carlisle, WA 6101, Australia. RP Oliver, R (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Australian Ctr Necrotroph Fungal Pathogens, Dept Environm & Agr, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. EM Richard.Oliver@curtin.edu.au FU Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation FX The authors acknowledge the support of the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 EI 1365-3059 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1027 EP 1032 DI 10.1111/ppa.12191 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AQ4YS UT WOS:000342808300007 ER PT J AU Wei, X Chen, CX Yu, QB Gady, A Yu, Y Liang, GL Gmitter, FG AF Wei, Xu Chen, Chunxian Yu, Qibin Gady, Antoine Yu, Yuan Liang, Guolu Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr. TI Comparison of carotenoid accumulation and biosynthetic gene expression between Valencia and Rohde Red Valencia sweet oranges SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Carotenoid biosynthesis pathway; beta-Cryptoxanthin; Violaxanthin; Citrus; Fruit maturity ID LYCOPENE ACCUMULATION; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; FRUIT MATURATION; CITRUS-FRUIT; JUICE SACS; PLANTS; COLOR; MECHANISM; PATTERNS; PATHWAY AB Carotenoid accumulation and biosynthetic gene expression levels during fruit maturation were compared between ordinary Valencia (VAL) and its more deeply colored mutant Rohde Red Valencia orange (RRV). The two cultivars exhibited different carotenoid profiles and regulatory mechanisms in flavedo and juice sacs, respectively. In flavedo, there was uncoordinated carotenoid accumulation and gene expression in RRV during green stages, which might be related to the expression of certain gene(s) in the MEP (methylerythritol phosphate) pathway. The carotenoid biosynthesis pathway shifting from alpha,beta-xanthophylls to beta,beta-xanthophylls synthesis occurred in RRV earlier than VAL during orange stages. In Juice sacs, the low carotenoid content in both cultivars coincided with low expression of LCYE-Contig03 and LCYE-Contig24 during green stages, suggesting LCYE might be a limiting step for carotenoid accumulation. VAL mainly accumulated violaxanthin, but RRV accumulated beta-cryptoxanthin and violaxanthin during orange stages, which corresponded to differences in juice color. Several upstream genes (PDS-Contig17, LCYB-Contig19, and ZDS members) and a downstream gene (ZEP) were expressed at higher levels in RRV than VAL, which might be responsible for greater accumulation of beta-cryptoxanthin and violaxanthin in RRV, respectively. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wei, Xu; Yu, Qibin; Gady, Antoine; Yu, Yuan; Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Wei, Xu; Liang, Guolu] Southwest Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China. [Chen, Chunxian] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Gmitter, FG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM fgmitter@ufl.edu FU New Variety Development and Management Corporation (NVDMC); Postgraduate Technology and Innovation Fund from Southwest University [KB2010011] FX This research was supported by grants from the New Variety Development and Management Corporation (NVDMC) and Postgraduate Technology and Innovation Fund from Southwest University (KB2010011). The authors would like to thank Margie Wendell, Shelley Jones, Mei Song for their technical assistance, and Drs. Jose Reyes, Faraj Hijaz, Giovanna Iafelice for their technical help in carotenoid quantification. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 227 BP 28 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.06.016 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AQ5QZ UT WOS:000342865000004 PM 25219303 ER PT J AU Bliss, DZ Savik, K Jung, HJG Whitebird, R Lowry, A Sheng, XY AF Bliss, Donna Z. Savik, Kay Jung, Hans-Joachim G. Whitebird, Robin Lowry, Ann Sheng, Xiaoyan TI Dietary Fiber Supplementation for Fecal Incontinence: A Randomized Clinical Trial SO RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE incontinence; bowel; fecal incontinence; dietary fiber; fiber supplement; randomized clinical trial ID PSYLLIUM SEED HUSK; COMMUNITY; LOPERAMIDE; ADULTS; WATER AB Dietary fiber supplements are used to manage fecal incontinence (FI), but little is known about the fiber type to recommend or the level of effectiveness of such supplements, which appears related to the fermentability of the fiber. The aim of this single-blind, randomized controlled trial was to compare the effects of three dietary fiber supplements (carboxymethylcellulose [CMC], gum arabic [GA], or psyllium) with differing levels of fermentability to a placebo in community-living individuals incontinent of loose/liquid feces. The primary outcome was FI frequency; secondary outcomes included FI amount and consistency, supplement intolerance, and quality of life (QoL). Possible mechanisms underlying supplement effects were also examined. After a 14-day baseline, 189 subjects consumed a placebo or 16 g total fiber/day of one of the fiber supplements for 32 days. FI frequency significantly decreased after psyllium supplementation versus placebo, in both intent-to-treat and per-protocol mixed model analyses. CMC increased FI frequency. In intent-to-treat analysis, the number of FI episodes/week after supplementation was estimated to be 5.5 for Placebo, 2.5 for Psyllium, 4.3 for GA, and 6.2 for CMC. Only psyllium consumption resulted in a gel in feces. Supplement intolerance was low. QoL scores did not differ among groups. Patients with FI may experience a reduction in FI frequency after psyllium supplementation, and decreased FI frequency has been shown to be an important personal goal of treatment for patients with FI. Formation of a gel in feces appears to be a mechanism by which residual psyllium improved FI. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bliss, Donna Z.; Savik, Kay; Sheng, Xiaoyan] Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Jung, Hans-Joachim G.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Whitebird, Robin] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Lowry, Ann] Colon & Rectal Surg Associates, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Lowry, Ann] HealthPartners Educ & Res Inst, Bloomington, MN USA. RP Bliss, DZ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, 5-140 Weaver Densford Hall,308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM bliss@umn.edu FU National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH [R01NR07756] FX This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Nursing Research, NIH, R01NR07756. Kimberly Clark contributed incontinence absorbent products worn by subjects in the study. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0160-6891 EI 1098-240X J9 RES NURS HEALTH JI Res. Nurs. Health PD OCT PY 2014 VL 37 IS 5 BP 367 EP 378 DI 10.1002/nur.21616 PG 12 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA AQ7FB UT WOS:000342976900006 PM 25155992 ER PT J AU Handoo, ZA Palomares-Rius, JE Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, C Liebanas, G Subbotin, SA Castillo, P AF Handoo, Zafar A. Palomares-Rius, Juan E. Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina Liebanas, Gracia Subbotin, Sergei A. Castillo, Pablo TI Integrative taxonomy of the stunt nematodes of the genera Bitylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus (Nematoda, Telotylenchidae) with description of two new species and a molecular phylogeny SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE 18S; Bayesian inference; cryptic species; D2-D3 expansion segments of the large ribosomal subunit (28S); internal transcribed spacer; Shimodaira-Hasegawa test; stylet knob inclination; tail tip annulation ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; N-SP NEMATODA; GENUS TYLENCHORHYNCHUS; RIBOSOMAL DNA; TYLENCHIDA; EVOLUTION; SIDDIQI; COBB; SEQUENCES; NORTH AB Stunt nematodes are characterized by phenotypic plasticity, with overlapping morphology and morphometry leading to potential misidentification. Consequently, the application of integrative taxonomic approaches is useful to species delimitation based on a combination of different perspectives, e.g. morphology and DNA sequences. We conducted nematode surveys in cultivated and natural environments in Spain and the USA, from which we identified 18 known species of the family Telotylenchidae and two new taxa within the studied samples. These species were morphologically, morphometrically, and molecularly characterized. The results of light and scanning electron microscopic observations, and molecular and phylogenetic analysis also allowed two new species to be distinguished, described herein as Bitylertchus hispaniertsis sp. nov. and Tylenchorhynchus mediterraneus sp. nov. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out using molecular data from nuclear ribosomal DNA genes [D2 D3 expansion segments of the large ribosomal subunit (28S), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and partial small ribosomal subunit (18.S)1. We also provide here a test of alternative hypotheses that confirms the monophyly of both Tylenchorhynchus and Bitylenchus sensu Siddiqi's classification but does not support Fortuner & Luc's conceptual view of Tylenchorhynchus as a large genus. Ancestral state reconstructions of several diagnostic morphological characters using a maximum parsimony approach showed congruence in morphological and molecular evolution for stylet knob inclination and tail tip annulation. Our analysis emphasizes some of the problems related to the taxonomy and phylogeny of nematodes of Telotylenchinae. C1 [Handoo, Zafar A.] ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Palomares-Rius, Juan E.; Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina; Castillo, Pablo] CSIC, IAS, Cordoba, Spain. [Liebanas, Gracia] Univ Jaen, Dept Biol Anim Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Jaen 23071, Spain. [Subbotin, Sergei A.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Subbotin, Sergei A.] Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Ctr Parasitol, Moscow 117071, Russia. RP Castillo, P (reprint author), CSIC, IAS, Ave Menendez Pidal S-N,Apdo 4084, Cordoba, Spain. EM p.castillo@csic.es RI Castillo, Pablo/A-1445-2011; Castillo, Pablo/A-2274-2017; Palomares-Rius, Juan /K-8004-2015; OI Castillo, Pablo/0000-0003-0256-876X; Castillo, Pablo/0000-0003-0256-876X; Palomares-Rius, Juan /0000-0003-1776-8131; Liebanas Torres, Gracia Maria/0000-0003-4213-1458 FU Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) [KBBE 219262]; 'Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad' of Spain [AGL2012-37521]; Consejeria de Economia, Innvovacion y Ciencia from Junta de Andalucia [P12-AGR 1486, AGR-136]; 'Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion' of Spain [AGL2009-06955]; Union Europea, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo regional, 'Una manera de hacer Europa'; Russian Foundation of Basic Research [14-04-00953 A] FX The authors thank Joseph Mowery (USDA-ARS-NL) for excellent technical assistance including drafting of the line drawings, H. Rapoport (IAS-CSIC) for reviewing the manuscript before submission, J. Martin Barbarroja and G. Leon Ropero (IAS-CSIC) for exemplary technical support, and M. Montes-Borrego (IAS-CSIC) for his help with some of the olive sampling. The last author acknowledges support from grant KBBE 219262 ArimNET_ERANET FP7 2012-2015 Project PESTOLIVE 'Contribution of olive history for the management of soilborne parasites in the Mediterranean basin' from Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), grant AGL2012-37521 from 'Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad' of Spain, grants P12-AGR 1486 and AGR-136 from 'Consejeria de Economia, Innvovacion y Ciencia' from Junta de Andalucia, grant AGL2009-06955 from 'Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion' of Spain, and Union Europea, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo regional, 'Una manera de hacer Europa'. The fifth author acknowledges the support from the Russian Foundation of Basic Research, project number 14-04-00953 A. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 114 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4082 EI 1096-3642 J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 172 IS 2 BP 231 EP 264 DI 10.1111/zoj.12175 PG 34 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AQ5DU UT WOS:000342827000001 ER PT J AU Lustgarten, MS Price, LL Chale, A Fielding, RA AF Lustgarten, Michael S. Price, Lori L. Chale, Angela Fielding, Roger A. TI Metabolites related to gut bacterial metabolism, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activation, and insulin sensitivity are associated with physical function in functionally-limited older adults SO AGING CELL LA English DT Article DE aging; gut bacterial metabolites; insulin sensitivity; metabolomics; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha; physical function ID BRANCHED-CHAIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; RISK-FACTORS; AMINO-ACIDS; DISABILITY; RESISTANCE; PERFORMANCE; METABOLOMICS; OXIDATION AB Identification of mechanisms underlying physical function will be important for addressing the growing challenge that health care will face with physical disablement in the expanding aging population. Therefore, the goals of the current study were to use metabolic profiling to provide insight into biologic mechanisms that may underlie physical function by examining the association between baseline and the 6-month change in serum mass spectrometry-obtained amino acids, fatty acids, and acylcarnitines with baseline and the 6-month change in muscle strength (leg press one repetition maximum divided by total lean mass, LP/Lean), lower extremity function [short physical performance battery (SPPB)], and mobility (400m gait speed, 400-m), in response to 6months of a combined resistance exercise and nutritional supplementation (whey protein or placebo) intervention in functionally-limited older adults (SPPB 10; 70-85years, N=73). Metabolites related to gut bacterial metabolism (cinnamoylglycine, phenol sulfate, p-cresol sulfate, 3-indoxyl sulfate, serotonin, N-methylproline, hydrocinnamate, dimethylglycine, trans-urocanate, valerate) that are altered in response to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-) activation (-hydroxyisocaproate, -hydroxyisovalerate, 2-hydroxy-3-methylvalerate, indolelactate, serotonin, 2-hydroxypalmitate, glutarylcarnitine, isobutyrylcarnitine, cinnamoylglycine) and that are related to insulin sensitivity (monounsaturated fatty acids: 5-dodecenoate, myristoleate, palmitoleate; -glutamylamino acids: -glutamylglutamine, -glutamylalanine, -glutamylmethionine, -glutamyltyrosine; branched-chain amino acids: leucine, isoleucine, valine) were associated with function at baseline, with the 6-month change in function or were identified in backward elimination regression predictive models. Collectively, these data suggest that gut microbial metabolism, PPAR- activation, and insulin sensitivity may be involved in mechanisms that underlie physical function in functionally-limited older adults. C1 [Lustgarten, Michael S.; Chale, Angela; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori L.] Tufts Univ, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Tufts Med Ctr, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Roger.Fielding@tufts.edu FU Dairy Research Institute; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; DOD [W911SR06C0001, DK007651]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work was supported by the Dairy Research Institute, the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679), DOD contract #W911SR06C0001, a postdoctoral training grant (DK007651), and in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1474-9718 EI 1474-9726 J9 AGING CELL JI Aging Cell PD OCT PY 2014 VL 13 IS 5 BP 918 EP 925 DI 10.1111/acel.12251 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AQ2PY UT WOS:000342631100016 PM 25041144 ER PT J AU Mulbry, W Ahn, H AF Mulbry, Walter Ahn, Heekwon TI Greenhouse gas emissions during composting of dairy manure: Influence of the timing of pile mixing on total emissions SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Compost; Dairy manure; Nitrous oxide; Methane; Emissions; Greenhouse gas ID NITROUS-OXIDE; CATTLE MANURE; CH4 EMISSIONS; TRACE GASES; DEEP LITTER; PIG MANURE; WASTE; SCALE; N2O; NH3 AB The effect of the timing of pile mixing on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during dairy manure composting was determined using large flux chambers designed to completely cover replicate pilot-scale compost piles. Approximately 50-70% of total CO2 and 75-80% of CH4 emissions occurred within the first two weeks of composting. Total GHG emissions from compost piles that were mixed at 2, 3, 4, or 5 weeks after initial construction were not significantly different from the emissions from unmixed (static) piles during a six week trial period. Although delaying initial pile mixing (2, 3, 4, or 5 weeks) generally lead to decreases in CO2 emissions, delaying mixing did not significantly affect CH4 or total GHG emissions. When normalised for degraded volatile solids (VS), CO2, CH4, N2O, and total emissions values ranged from 600-700, 130-150, 50-100, and 800-950 g CO2-eq per kg VS degraded, respectively. Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide accounted for 75%, 14-19%, and 6-12%, respectively, of total GHG emissions from static and mixed piles. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IAgrE. C1 [Mulbry, Walter] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ahn, Heekwon] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Anim Biosyst Sci, Taejon, South Korea. RP Mulbry, W (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM walter.mulbry@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 53 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1537-5110 EI 1537-5129 J9 BIOSYST ENG JI Biosyst. Eng. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 126 BP 117 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014.08.003 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AQ0NB UT WOS:000342478900012 ER PT J AU Pidgeon, AM Flather, CH Radeloff, VC Lepczyk, CA Keuler, NS Wood, EM Stewart, SI Hammer, RB AF Pidgeon, Anna M. Flather, Curtis H. Radeloff, Volker C. Lepczyk, Christopher A. Keuler, Nicholas S. Wood, Eric M. Stewart, Susan I. Hammer, Roger B. TI Systematic Temporal Patterns in the Relationship Between Housing Development and Forest Bird Biodiversity SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE animals; birds; forest; functional groups; housing; North America; temporal pattern; woodland ID RESIDENTIAL DENSITY PATTERNS; PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; UNITED-STATES; LANDSCAPE FRAGMENTATION; EXURBAN DEVELOPMENT; DEMOGRAPHIC-TRENDS; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; HUMAN-POPULATION; NEW-ENGLAND; CONSERVATION AB As people encroach increasingly on natural areas, one question is how this affects avian biodiversity. The answer to this is partly scale-dependent. At broad scales, human populations and biodiversity concentrate in the same areas and are positively associated, but at local scales people and biodiversity are negatively associated with biodiversity. We investigated whether there is also a systematic temporal trend in the relationship between bird biodiversity and housing development. We used linear regression to examine associations between forest bird species richness and housing growth in the conterminous United States over 30 years. Our data sources were the North American Breeding Bird Survey and the 2000 decennial U.S. Census. In the 9 largest forested ecoregions, housing density increased continually over time. Across the conterminous United States, the association between bird species richness and housing density was positive for virtually all guilds except ground nesting birds. We found a systematic trajectory of declining bird species richness as housing increased through time. In more recently developed ecoregions, where housing density was still low, the association with bird species richness was neutral or positive. In ecoregions that were developed earlier and where housing density was highest, the association of housing density with bird species richness for most guilds was negative and grew stronger with advancing decades. We propose that in general the relationship between human settlement and biodiversity over time unfolds as a 2-phase process. The first phase is apparently innocuous; associations are positive due to coincidence of low-density housing with high biodiversity. The second phase is highly detrimental to biodiversity, and increases in housing density are associated with biodiversity losses. The long-term effect on biodiversity depends on the final housing density. This general pattern can help unify our understanding of the relationship of human encroachment and biodiversity response. C1 [Pidgeon, Anna M.; Radeloff, Volker C.; Wood, Eric M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Lepczyk, Christopher A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Keuler, Nicholas S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stewart, Susan I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Pidgeon, AM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM apidgeon@wisc.edu RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016; Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X; Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU USFS RPA program and Northern Research Station; NASA's Biodiversity program; NASA's Ecological Forecasting program; Oregon State University; University of Wisconsin-Madison FX We thank P.D. Culbert and E. Duerr for technical assistance. We appreciate support from the USFS RPA program and Northern Research Station, NASA's Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting programs, Oregon State University, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1291 EP 1301 DI 10.1111/cobi.12291 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ3DH UT WOS:000342668700019 PM 24811862 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S AF Goldberg, Sabine TI APPLICATION OF SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODELS TO ANION ADSORPTION BY NATURAL MATERIALS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Constant capacitance model; Triple-layer model; Boron; Molybdenum; Soils ID CONSTANT CAPACITANCE MODEL; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; SOIL CHEMICAL-PARAMETERS; PREDICTING BORON ADSORPTION; DIFFUSE DOUBLE-LAYER; MOLYBDENUM ADSORPTION; ARSENATE ADSORPTION; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; SELENITE ADSORPTION; CLAY-MINERALS AB Various chemical models of ion adsorption are presented and discussed. Chemical models, such as surface complexation models, provide a molecular description of anion adsorption reactions using an equilibrium approach. Two such models, the constant capacitance model and the triple layer model, are described in the present study. Characteristics common to all the surface complexation models are equilibrium constant expressions, mass and charge balances, and surface activity coefficient electrostatic potential terms. Methods for determining parameter values for surface site density, capacitances, and surface complexation constants also are discussed. Spectroscopic experimental methods of establishing ion adsorption mechanisms include vibrational spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electron spin resonance spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray reflectivity. Experimental determinations of point of zero charge shifts and ionic strength dependence of adsorption results and molecular modeling calculations also can be used to deduce adsorption mechanisms. Applications of the surface complexation models to heterogeneous natural materials, such as soils, using the component additivity and the generalized composite approaches are described. Emphasis is on the generalized composite approach for predicting anion adsorption by soils. Continuing research is needed to develop consistent and realistic protocols for describing ion adsorption reactions on soil minerals and soils. The availability of standardized model parameter databases for use in chemical speciation-transport models is critical. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2172-2180. Published 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and as such, is in the public domain in the United States. C1 ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA 92503 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA 92503 USA. EM Sabine.Goldberg@ars.usda.gov NR 72 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 33 IS 10 BP 2172 EP 2180 DI 10.1002/etc.2566 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA AQ2LZ UT WOS:000342619100003 PM 24619924 ER PT J AU Gabos, MB Goldberg, S Alleoni, LRF AF Gabos, Mariana Bassetto Goldberg, Sabine Ferracciu Alleoni, Luis Reynaldo TI MODELING SELENIUM (IV AND VI) ADSORPTION ENVELOPES IN SELECTED TROPICAL SOILS USING THE CONSTANT CAPACITANCE MODEL SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Selenite; Selenate; Soil pH; Brazilian soils; FITEQL ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; IRON-OXIDES; SELENATE ADSORPTION; SOLUTION INTERFACE; SORPTION; OXYANIONS; DESORPTION; PH; MECHANISMS; PARAMETERS AB The adsorption of selenium (Se) on soil is important because of the relevance of Se to environmental and health issues. The adsorption of Se(IV) and Se(VI) was evaluated on soil samples from SAo Paulo State, Brazil, as a function of varying pH, and the experimental data were fitted to the constant capacitance model. Adsorption experiments were conducted for 15 soil samples, after the addition of 20 mu molL(-1) of either Se(IV) or Se(VI), and the adjusted pH ranged between 2.5 and 10. Selenite adsorption was high for all soils, decreased with increasing pH, and was strongly correlated with Fe and Al oxide content. In contrast, Se(VI) adsorption was very low at pH values commonly found in agricultural soils, except for the highly weathered Rhodic Acrudox. The constant capacitance model fitted the Se(IV) and Se(VI) adsorption data well. Optimizations of mono- and bidentate complexation and surface protonation constants were used for the Se(IV) adsorption data. For Se(VI), optimizations for the 2 monodentate species were employed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2197-2207. (c) 2014 SETAC C1 [Gabos, Mariana Bassetto; Ferracciu Alleoni, Luis Reynaldo] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Gabos, Mariana Bassetto; Goldberg, Sabine] USDA, Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Alleoni, LRF (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM alleoni@usp.br RI Alleoni, Luis/C-3440-2012 FU CAPES; CNPQ FX We thank the Brazilian funding agencies CAPES and CNPQ for M.B. Gabos's scholarships in Brazil and the United States, respectively. We also thank the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, US Salinity Laboratory, for support with the experimental analysis. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 33 IS 10 BP 2197 EP 2207 DI 10.1002/etc.2574 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA AQ2LZ UT WOS:000342619100005 PM 24619962 ER PT J AU Roemmich, JN Lambiase, MJ Balantekin, KN Feda, DM Dorn, J AF Roemmich, James N. Lambiase, Maya J. Balantekin, Katherine N. Feda, Denise M. Dorn, Joan TI Stress, Behavior, and Biology: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Youth SO EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE children; adolescents; psychological stress; intima media thickness; exercise; eating; coping ID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; ACUTE PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; BLOOD-PRESSURE RESPONSES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DIETARY RESTRAINT; MENTAL STRESS; 52 COUNTRIES; REACTIVITY AB Psychological stress reactivity is associated with atherogenesis in youth. The novel hypothesis is that stress promotes atherogenic behaviors, including snacking on energy-dense food and reducing physical activity, and increases adiposity. Stress also increases systolic blood pressure cardiovascular reactivity, which also may be atherogenic. Exercise dampens stress reactivity and may be one mechanism by which it protects against the development of cardiovascular diseases. C1 [Roemmich, James N.; Lambiase, Maya J.; Balantekin, Katherine N.; Feda, Denise M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pediat, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Roemmich, James N.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Dorn, Joan] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Exercise & Nutr Sci, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Dorn, Joan] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Roemmich, JN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NPA Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave, North Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM james.roemmich@ars.usda.gov FU North American Association for the Study of Obesity Young Investigator Award; University at Buffalo FX This work was funded by a North American Association for the Study of Obesity Young Investigator Award and a University at Buffalo 2020 Inter-disciplinary Research Development Fund to Dr. Roemmich. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0091-6331 EI 1538-3008 J9 EXERC SPORT SCI REV JI Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 42 IS 4 BP 145 EP 152 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA AQ0YB UT WOS:000342507500002 PM 25061998 ER EF