FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Garcia-Nunez, S Gismondi, MI Konig, G Berinstein, A Taboga, O Rieder, E Martinez-Salas, E Carrillo, E AF Garcia-Nunez, Soledad Ines Gismondi, Maria Koenig, Guido Berinstein, Analia Taboga, Oscar Rieder, Elizabeth Martinez-Salas, Encarnacion Carrillo, Elisa TI Enhanced IRES activity by the 3 ' UTR element determines the virulence of FMDV isolates SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE FMDV; IRES; hSHAPE; RNA structure; 3 ' UTR; Virulence; Infectious cDNA clone ID MOUTH-DISEASE VIRUS; RIBOSOME ENTRY SITE; 5' UNTRANSLATED REGION; RNA STRUCTURE; PICORNAVIRUS IRES; IN-VIVO; INTERNAL INITIATION; TRANSLATION; SUBSTITUTION; PROTEINS AB A reverse genetics approach was used to identify viral genetic determinants of the differential virulence displayed by two field foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strains (A/Arg/00 and A/Arg/01) isolated in Argentina during the 2000-2001 epidemics. A molecular clone of A/Arg/01 strain and viral chimeras containing the S-fragment or the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of A/Arg/00 in the A/Arg/01 backbone were constructed and characterized. The IRES appeared as a determining factor of the lower level of A/Arg/00 replication in cell culture. High-throughput RNA probing revealed structural differences between both IRESs. Translation experiments using either synthetic viral RNAs (in vitro) or bicistronic plasmids (in vivo) showed that these IRESs' activities differ when the viral 3' untranslated region (UTR) is present, suggesting that their function is differentially modulated by this region. This work provides experimental evidence supporting the role of the IRES-3'UTR modulation in determining the level of FMDV replication in field strains. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Garcia-Nunez, Soledad; Ines Gismondi, Maria; Koenig, Guido; Berinstein, Analia; Taboga, Oscar; Carrillo, Elisa] Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr, Inst Biotecnol, Ctr Invest Ciencias Vet & Agron, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Rieder, Elizabeth] ARS, USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Martinez-Salas, Encarnacion] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, Ctr Biol Mol Severo Ochoa, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Carrillo, E (reprint author), Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr, Inst Biotecnol, Ctr Invest Ciencias Vet & Agron, CC25 B1712WAA Castelar, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mgnunez@cnia.inta.gov.ar; mgismondi@cnia.inta.gov.ar; gkonig@cnia.inta.gov.ar; aberinstein@cnia.inta.gov.ar; otaboga@cnia.inta.gov.ar; elizabeth.rieder@ars.usda.gov; emartinez@cbm.uam.es; ecarrillo@cnia.inta.gov.ar OI Martinez-Salas, Encarna/0000-0002-8432-5587 FU Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica [PICT035-PAE 37206]; Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (Argentina) [AESA-201721]; MINECO (Spain) [BFU2011-25437] FX This work was supported by grants PICT035-PAE 37206 from Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica and FMD Project AESA-201721 from Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (Argentina), and BFU2011-25437 from MINECO (Spain). M.I.G., G.K., A.B., O.T. and E.C. are members of the National Research Council (CONICET) Research Career Program. We thank Osvaldo Zabal, Juan Manuel Schammas and Gaston Mal for technical assistance during our work in the BSL-3A facilities at the CICVyA-INTA, and Noemi Fernandez for invaluable support with SHAPE experiments. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JAN 5 PY 2014 VL 448 BP 303 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.10.027 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 275WV UT WOS:000328710800032 PM 24314661 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Fueyo, E Ruiz-Duenas, FJ Martinez, MJ Romero, A Hammel, KE Medrano, FJ Martinez, AT AF Fernandez-Fueyo, Elena Ruiz-Duenas, Francisco J. Jesus Martinez, Maria Romero, Antonio Hammel, Kenneth E. Javier Medrano, Francisco Martinez, Angel T. TI Ligninolytic peroxidase genes in the oyster mushroom genome: heterologous expression, molecular structure, catalytic and stability properties, and lignin-degrading ability SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS LA English DT Article DE Genome; Pleurotus ostreatus; Ligninolytic peroxidase genes; Heterologous expression; Crystal structure; Catalytic properties; Thermal stability; pH stability; Gene duplication; Peroxidase evolution ID MANGANESE-OXIDIZING PEROXIDASES; ERYNGII-VERSATILE-PEROXIDASE; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; PLEUROTUS-OSTREATUS; WHEAT-STRAW; CERIPORIOPSIS-SUBVERMISPORA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HEME PEROXIDASES; OXIDATION SITES; ISOZYMES AB Background: The genome of Pleurotus ostreatus, an important edible mushroom and a model ligninolytic organism of interest in lignocellulose biorefineries due to its ability to delignify agricultural wastes, was sequenced with the purpose of identifying and characterizing the enzymes responsible for lignin degradation. Results: Heterologous expression of the class II peroxidase genes, followed by kinetic studies, enabled their functional classification. The resulting inventory revealed the absence of lignin peroxidases (LiPs) and the presence of three versatile peroxidases (VPs) and six manganese peroxidases (MnPs), the crystal structures of two of them (VP1 and MnP4) were solved at 1.0 to 1.1 angstrom showing significant structural differences. Gene expansion supports the importance of both peroxidase types in the white-rot lifestyle of this fungus. Using a lignin model dimer and synthetic lignin, we showed that VP is able to degrade lignin. Moreover, the dual Mn-mediated and Mn-independent activity of P. ostreatus MnPs justifies their inclusion in a new peroxidase subfamily. The availability of the whole POD repertoire enabled investigation, at a biochemical level, of the existence of duplicated genes. Differences between isoenzymes are not limited to their kinetic constants. Surprising differences in their activity T-50 and residual activity at both acidic and alkaline pH were observed. Directed mutagenesis and spectroscopic/structural information were combined to explain the catalytic and stability properties of the most interesting isoenzymes, and their evolutionary history was analyzed in the context of over 200 basidiomycete peroxidase sequences. Conclusions: The analysis of the P. ostreatus genome shows a lignin-degrading system where the role generally played by LiP has been assumed by VP. Moreover, it enabled the first characterization of the complete set of peroxidase isoenzymes in a basidiomycete, revealing strong differences in stability properties and providing enzymes of biotechnological interest. C1 [Fernandez-Fueyo, Elena; Ruiz-Duenas, Francisco J.; Jesus Martinez, Maria; Romero, Antonio; Javier Medrano, Francisco; Martinez, Angel T.] CSIC, Ctr Invest Biol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Hammel, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Hammel, KE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM kehammel@facstaff.wisc.edu; fjmedrano@cib.csic.es; atmartinez@cib.csic.es RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011; Romero, Antonio/K-5754-2014; Martinez, Maria Jesus/F-9147-2015; Ruiz-Duenas, Francisco/L-9837-2015; OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847; Romero, Antonio/0000-0002-6990-6973; Martinez, Maria Jesus/0000-0003-2166-1097; Ruiz-Duenas, Francisco/0000-0002-9837-5665; Medrano, Francisco/0000-0002-8185-9751; Martinez, Angel T/0000-0002-1584-2863 FU PEROXICATS grant of the European Union [KBBE-2010-4-265397]; INDOX grant of the European Union [KBBE-2013-7-613549]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) [BIO2011-26694, BFU2011-24615]; US DOE [DE-AI02-07ER64480]; Office of Science of the US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; European Social Fund FX This work was supported by the PEROXICATS (KBBE-2010-4-265397) and INDOX (KBBE-2013-7-613549) grants of the European Union (to ATM), by grants BIO2011-26694 (to FJR-D) and BFU2011-24615 (to AR) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), and by US DOE grant DE-AI02-07ER64480 (to KEH). The work conducted by the US DOE JGI is supported by the Office of Science of the US DOE under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. AG Pisabarro (Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain) is acknowledged for coordinating the P. ostreatus genome project. We thank Michael D Mozuch for assistance with the lignin depolymerization studies. EF-F acknowledges a Junta de Ampliacion de Estudios fellowship of the CSIC, co-funded by the European Social Fund, and FJR-D acknowledges a MINECO Ramon y Cajal contract. NR 64 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 11 U2 86 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1754-6834 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS JI Biotechnol. Biofuels PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 2 DI 10.1186/1754-6834-7-2 PG 23 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AD1HT UT WOS:000332985700002 PM 24387130 ER PT J AU Foster, J Nakata, PA AF Foster, Justin Nakata, Paul A. TI An oxalyl-CoA synthetase is important for oxalate metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Degradation; Oxalate; Oxalyl-CoA; Acyl-activating ID D-ERYTHROASCORBIC ACID; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; BIOSYNTHESIS; IDENTIFICATION; SOLUBILIZATION; PATHOGENICITY; ARABIDOPSIS; BINDING; PLANTS AB Although oxalic acid is common in nature our understanding of the mechanism(s) regulating its turnover remains incomplete. In this study we identify Saccharomyces cerevisiae acyl-activating enzyme 3 (ScAAE3) as an enzyme capable of catalyzing the conversion of oxalate to oxalyl-CoA. Based on our findings we propose that ScAAE3 catalyzes the first step in a novel pathway of oxalate degradation to protect the cell against the harmful effects of oxalate derived from an endogenous process or an environmental source. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies. C1 [Foster, Justin; Nakata, Paul A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Nakata, PA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM pnakata@bcm.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008] FX The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This research was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under Cooperative Agreement number 58-6250-0-008. Thanks go to Michele McConn and Bin Luo for comments on the manuscript. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 EI 1873-3468 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 588 IS 1 BP 160 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.11.026 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 280VH UT WOS:000329058400026 PM 24291261 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL Cheng, HW AF Dennis, Rachel Lynn Cheng, Heng-wei TI Differential serotonergic mediation of aggression in roosters bred for resistance and susceptibility to Marek's disease SO BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; CHICKEN LINES; LAYING HENS; BEHAVIOR; TESTOSTERONE; SYSTEM; STRESS; HYPOTHESIS; DOPAMINE; RECEPTOR AB 1. Serotonin (5-HT) is a primary regulating neurotransmitter involved in aggressive and impulsive behaviours in mammals. Previous studies have also demonstrated that the function of the serotonergic system in regulating aggression is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. The serotonergic system may display similar functions in chickens.2. Our objective was to investigate the aggressive and impulsive behavioural response to antagonism of the 5-HT1A and 1B receptors in cocks bred for susceptibility and resistance to Marek's disease (i.e. strain 7(2) and 6(3), respectively).3. Cocks from strain 7(2) exhibited increased aggressive behaviours and lower brain 5-HT concentrations compared to strain 6(3) cocks.4. Antagonism of 5-HT1A receptors increased aggressiveness and reduced serotonin turnover in strain 7(2), but not strain 6(3) cocks. 5-HT1B receptor antagonism had no effect on aggression or serotonin turnover in either strain.5. Levels of the serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA, but not absolute central 5-HT levels, were altered in both strains following 5-HT1B antagonism, but only in strain 7(2) cocks following 5-HT1A antagonism.6. The data suggest that 5-HT1A and 1B regulate aggression differently in high and low aggressive strains. C1 [Dennis, Rachel Lynn; Cheng, Heng-wei] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cheng, HW (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM heng-wei.cheng@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1668 EI 1466-1799 J9 BRIT POULTRY SCI JI Br. Poult. Sci. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 55 IS 1 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1080/00071668.2013.871383 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AF0JD UT WOS:000334399200002 PM 24697575 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Nakajima, T Mbonimpa, EG Gautam, S Somireddy, UR Kadono, A Lal, R Chintala, R Rafique, R Fausey, N AF Kumar, S. Nakajima, T. Mbonimpa, E. G. Gautam, S. Somireddy, U. R. Kadono, A. Lal, R. Chintala, R. Rafique, R. Fausey, N. TI Long-term tillage and drainage influences on soil organic carbon dynamics, aggregate stability and corn yield SO SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE water stable aggregates; labile carbon; MWD; NT; no-tillage; SOC; chisel tillage; mean weight diameter; CT; recalcitrant carbon; WSA ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; NO-TILLAGE; MATTER FRACTIONS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; GRASSLAND SOILS; NITROGEN; MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; FOREST AB Labile pools of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) are affecting the carbon (C) and N fluxes in the terrestrial soils, whereas long-term C and N storage is determined by the long-lived recalcitrant fractions. Tillage and subsurface drainage influences these pools; however, the effect of these systems on poorly drained soils may be different. Therefore, the present study was conducted on a field experiment, established at the Waterman Farm of the Ohio State University in 1994. Specific objectives of the study are to assess the influence of no-tillage (NT), chisel tillage (CT) with drainage (TD) and non-drainage (ND) management under a continuous corn (Zea mays L.) system on SOC, C fractions (heavy and light), and water stable aggregates (WSA). Data from this study showed that the SOC stock for the NT was 25, 37 and 32% higher for the 0-10, 10-20 and 40-60cm depths, respectively, as compared to that under CT system. Tillage significantly influenced the light fraction (LF) and heavy fraction (HF) of carbon. The NT system increased LF and HF by 10 and 12%, respectively, compared to CT for the 0-10cm depth. Eighteen years of NT management decreased soil bulk density and improved macroaggregates and mean weight diameter compared to that under CT system. Drainage impacts on soil parameters were negligible, and may be partially due to the reason that the corn-corn cropping system may not have sufficiently improved the soil properties between the two tillage systems. In general, drainage improved porosity and the corn yield. It can be concluded that NT with subsurface management improves SOC dynamics and promotes aggregation and corn yield as compared to that with CT system. C1 [Kumar, S.; Mbonimpa, E. G.; Gautam, S.; Chintala, R.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Nakajima, T.; Somireddy, U. R.; Kadono, A.; Lal, R.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rafique, R.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Fausey, N.] ARS, USDA, Midwest Area, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Room 248C NPB,BOX 2140C,1110 Rotunda Lane North, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Sandeep.Kumar@sdstate.edu FU USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)-NIFA (National Institute of Food and Agriculture) [2011-68002-30190] FX This research is part of a regional collaborative project supported by the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)-NIFA (National Institute of Food and Agriculture), Award No. 2011-68002-30190, "Cropping systems coordinated agricultural project (CAP): Climate change, mitigation, and adaptation in corn-based cropping systems" (sustainable-corn.org). Authors extend special thanks to Molly Moran for the help in soil sampling and lab analysis. NR 62 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 47 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0038-0768 EI 1747-0765 J9 SOIL SCI PLANT NUTR JI Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 60 IS 1 SI SI BP 108 EP 118 DI 10.1080/00380768.2013.878643 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA AH2IO UT WOS:000335944900012 ER PT J AU Walsh, GC Mattioli, F Weber, DC AF Walsh, G. Cabrera Mattioli, Federico Weber, Donald C. TI A wind-oriented sticky trap for evaluating the behavioural response of the leaf-beetle Diabrotica speciosa to cucurbit extracts SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE pest Chrysomelidae; attraction range; vane trap; cucurbitacins ID CORN-ROOTWORM COLEOPTERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE; PHEROMONE; WESTERN; RANGE; SEX; MANAGEMENT; BAITS; ATTRACTION; CAPTURE AB Cucurbitacins are plant defensive chemicals that attract many species of adapted insect herbivores such as luperine leaf beetles, and they have been employed in traps and toxic baits. Male and female beetles feed avidly on baits containing these compounds, but field trials have revealed that males find them far more attractive than females. A wind-oriented baited sticky trap was designed to evaluate the response of Diabrotica speciosa to cucurbit extracts, by means of a mark-release-recapture experiment. The spatial range of attraction was less than 20m, and captures were almost exclusively of males (99.91%). Distance attraction for D. speciosa to a point-source of bitter cucurbit juices is probably exclusive to males. These conclusions probably apply to most Diabrotica species, of which many are crop pests. C1 [Walsh, G. Cabrera; Mattioli, Federico] FuEDEI Invas Species Res Fdn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Weber, Donald C.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Walsh, GC (reprint author), FuEDEI Invas Species Res Fdn, Bolivar 1559,B1686EFA Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM gcabrera@fuedei.org NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 EI 1366-5863 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 60 IS 1 BP 46 EP 51 DI 10.1080/09670874.2014.897771 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AF7PE UT WOS:000334906200006 ER PT J AU Pethybridge, SJ Gent, DH Hingston, L Frost, P AF Pethybridge, S. J. Gent, D. H. Hingston, L. Frost, P. TI Quantifying the effects of uniconazole on growth and yield of pyrethrum in Australia SO NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF CROP AND HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE uniconazole; canopy reflectance; plant growth regulators; pyrethrum; physiology ID RETARDANT (E)-1-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-4,4-DIMETHYL-2-(1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YL)-1-PENTEN-3-OL S-3307; TREVIR. SCH BIP.; RAY BLIGHT; PACLOBUTRAZOL; ASSESSMENTS; REGULATORS; FLOWERS; PLANTS AB The efficacy of the plant growth regulator uniconazole (Sumagic((R))) for manipulating pyrethrum canopy architecture and enhancing yield was evaluated in each of 3 years across northern Tasmania, Australia. Trials examined the efficacy of, and factors influencing, reliability and magnitude of responses, including product rate, application timing, the benefits of adding a non-ionic organosilicone surfactant (Activator((R))) and combining application with urea. Results suggested that a rate of 100 g L-1 uniconazole (2 L ha(-1) Sumagic((R))) was the most efficacious and that the addition of Activator((R)) was unnecessary. However, at the highest rate, the cost of using the product became prohibitive and therefore trials in the latter 2 years of the study were conducted using the lower rate. Timing of application was not critical for efficacy and yield enhancements were observed when uniconazole was applied when stem length ranged from 16 to 36 cm, coinciding with a 30-day period in spring. Physiological effects of uniconazole were significant reductions in the height of stems (approximately 6 cm at flowering), increases in green leaf area and the number of flowers produced per unit area; the effects were independent of field age. This information has formed the basis for a cost-benefit analysis for the adoption of uniconazole into pyrethrum production in Australia. C1 [Pethybridge, S. J.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Gent, D. H.] Oregon State Univ, USDA, ARS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hingston, L.] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Frost, P.] Peracto Pty Ltd, Hobart, Tas, Australia. RP Pethybridge, SJ (reprint author), New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand. EM sarah.pethybridge@plantandfood.co.nz FU Botanical Resources Australia - Agricultural Services Pty Ltd; Pyrethrum Growers Research and Development Committee, Horticulture Australia Limited [PY09002]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-040-00] FX This project was funded by Botanical Resources Australia - Agricultural Services Pty Ltd, the Pyrethrum Growers Research and Development Committee, Horticulture Australia Limited (project PY09002) and by USDA-ARS CRIS 5358-21000-040-00. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Mr Robert Arvier and Lynden Head (BRA); Dr Frank Hay, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania; Mr Barry Kerr, Sumitomo Chemical Australia Pty Ltd, and Dr Andrew Rath, Valent BioSciences Corporation, and the growers and agronomists who participated in this study. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0114-0671 EI 1175-8783 J9 NEW ZEAL J CROP HORT JI N. Z. J. Crop Hortic. Sci. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 42 IS 1 BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1080/01140671.2013.846919 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AE4CP UT WOS:000333928200006 ER PT J AU Gao, ZQ Wang, QX Cao, XM Gao, W AF Gao, Zhiqiang Wang, Qiuxian Cao, Xiaoming Gao, Wei TI The responses of vegetation water content (EWT) and assessment of drought monitoring along a coastal region using remote sensing SO GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE responses; land surface parameters; remote sensing; equivalent water thickness (EWT) ID ENERGY BALANCE ALGORITHM; LAND-SURFACE IMAGERY; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; SPECTRAL INDEX; REFLECTANCE; VALIDATION; SPACE AB This article retrieved the vegetation water content equivalent water thickness (EWT) information and the relevant parameters for the land surface from full-band TM remote sensing data. The effects of surface water heat flux and surface covering on the EWT were analyzed via studies of the regional land cover status and the combined EWT with land surface parameters. This article also analyzed the roles and limitations of EWT in drought monitoring combined with classification of the regional drought and regional water stress index (RWSI). From the results, the following conclusions were reported. (1) The spatial distribution of the EWT is closely related to the vegetation, and the EWT is able to monitor the regional water conditions to a certain extent. (2) The distribution of the EWT is affected significantly by the density of vegetation cover, land surface temperature and evapo-transpiration. (3) The correlation between the NDVI (or fractional vegetation cover) and the EWT differs under different vegetation coverage conditions. (4) The evapo-transpiration of the ecological environment is closely tied to the EWT such that the changes in evapo-transpiration affect the EWT significantly. (5) The ability of the EWT to monitor regional drought is conditional, and therefore no significant indication exists that can be used to monitor moderate to severe drought conditions. C1 [Gao, Zhiqiang; Wang, Qiuxian] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Cao, Xiaoming] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Desertificat Studies, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UVB Monitoring & Res Program, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. RP Cao, XM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Desertificat Studies, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM caoxm1027@gmail.com RI Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 FU Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14]; Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research [1106000004]; Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project [Y254021031, Y355031061]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334, 41071278]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2013T60160]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX This work was supported by the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14], the Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research [1106000004], the Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project [Y254021031 and Y355031061], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334 and 41071278], the 6th special funding from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2013T60160] and the USDA NIFA Project [2010-34263-21075]. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1548-1603 EI 1943-7226 J9 GISCI REMOTE SENS JI GISci. Remote Sens. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 51 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1080/15481603.2014.882564 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA AE5OT UT WOS:000334039200001 ER PT J AU Palmer, NA Saathoff, AJ Waters, BM Donze, T Heng-Moss, TM Twigg, P Tobias, CM Sarath, G AF Palmer, Nathan A. Saathoff, Aaron J. Waters, Brian M. Donze, Teresa Heng-Moss, Tiffany M. Twigg, Paul Tobias, Christian M. Sarath, Gautam TI Global changes in mineral transporters in tetraploid switchgrasses (Panicum virgatum L) SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioenergy; crowns and rhizomes; growing-season; mineral transporters; nutrients; Panicum virgatum; switchgrass; qPCR ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; RESPONSIVE GENES; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; LEAF SENESCENCE; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; IRON HOMEOSTASIS; BIOENERGY CROPS; SINK ORGANS; LIFE-CYCLE AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L) is perennial, C-4 grass with great potential as a biofuel crop. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms that control mineral uptake, distribution and remobilization will benefit sustainable production. Nutrients are mobilized from aerial portions to below-ground crowns and rhizomes as a natural accompaniment to above-ground senescence post seed-set. Mineral uptake and remobilization is dependent on transporters, however, little if any information is available about the specific transporters that are needed and how their relative expression changes over a growing season. Using well-defined classes of mineral transporters, we identified 520 genes belonging to 40 different transporter classes in the tetraploid switchgrass genome. Expression patterns were determined for many of these genes using publically available transcriptomic datasets obtained from both greenhouse and field grown plants. Certain transporters showed strong temporal patterns of expression in distinct developmental stages of the plant. Gene-expression was verified for selected transporters using gRT-PCR. By and large these analyses confirmed the developmental stage-specific expression of these genes. Mineral analyses indicated that K, Fe, Mg, Co, and As had a similar pattern of accumulation with apparent limited remobilization at the end of the growing season. These initial analyses will serve as a foundation for more detailed examination of the nutrient biology of switchgrass. C1 [Palmer, Nathan A.; Saathoff, Aaron J.; Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Palmer, Nathan A.; Waters, Brian M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Saathoff, Aaron J.] LI COR Biosci, Lincoln, NE USA. [Donze, Teresa; Heng-Moss, Tiffany M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Twigg, Paul] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE USA. [Tobias, Christian M.] USDA ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Waters, BM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 377 K Plant Sci Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM bwaters2@unl.edu RI Waters, Brian/H-4805-2015; Tobias, Christian/B-6602-2009 OI Waters, Brian/0000-0002-1422-238X; Tobias, Christian/0000-0002-7881-750X FU USDA-NIFA [2011-67009-30096]; Office of Science (BER); U. S. Department of Energy [DE-A102-09ER64829]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5440-21000-030-00D] FX We thank Dr. Javier Seravalli for performing the mineral analysis, and Dr. Jaehyoung Kim for performing pyrosequencing analyses. This work was supported in part by USDA-NIFA Grant Number 2011-67009-30096, The Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy Grant Number DE-A102-09ER64829, and by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 5440-21000-030-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of commercial products and organizations in this manuscript is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned. All sequences used in this work available from the NCBI. The PviDraft 0.0 sequence data used in this study were produced by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute. NR 78 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 24 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 549 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00549 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB1AO UT WOS:000331523800001 PM 24427165 ER PT J AU Franca, M Howerth, EW Carter, D Byas, A Poulson, R Afonso, CL Stallknecht, DE AF Franca, M. Howerth, E. W. Carter, D. Byas, A. Poulson, R. Afonso, C. L. Stallknecht, D. E. TI Co-infection of mallards with low-virulence Newcastle disease virus and low-pathogenic avian influenza virus SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MIGRATORY WATERFOWL; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; ATLANTIC FLYWAY; RESIDENT DUCKS; RT-PCR; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; QUANTITATION; POPULATIONS; SHOREBIRDS; INFECTION AB Waterfowl are considered the natural reservoir of low-virulence Newcastle disease viruses (loNDVs) and low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of co-infections with loNDV and LPAIV on the infectivity and excretion of these viruses in mallards. One-month-old mallards were inoculated intranasally with 10(6) median embryo infectious doses of a wild-bird-origin loNDV and A/Mallard/MN/199106/99 (H3N8) LPAIV on the same day or received the LPAIV 2 or 5 days after loNDV inoculation. All mallards became infected with both viruses based on detection of seroconversion and viral shedding. Co-infection resulted in a higher number of cloacal swabs detected positive for LPAIV and a lower number of cloacal swabs detected positive for loNDV in some groups, although differences between groups were not statistically significant. Co-infection did not affect replication of LPAIV in epithelial cells of the lower intestine and bursa of Fabricius. In summary, the results of this study indicate that co-infection with LPAIV and loNDV does not affect the ability of mallards to be infected with either virus although it may have minimal effects on patterns (source and timing) of viral shedding. C1 [Franca, M.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Howerth, E. W.; Carter, D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Byas, A.; Poulson, R.; Stallknecht, D. E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA USA. [Afonso, C. L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Franca, M (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM mfranca@uga.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN266200700007C] FX This work was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN266200700007C. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 EI 1465-3338 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 43 IS 1 BP 96 EP 104 DI 10.1080/03079457.2013.876530 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 303RV UT WOS:000330692800013 PM 24467249 ER PT J AU Newman, S Carroll, M Jakes, P Higgins, L AF Newman, Soren Carroll, Matthew Jakes, Pamela Higgins, Lorie TI Hurricanes and wildfires: generic characteristics of community adaptive capacity SO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article DE adaptation; community; hurricanes; wildfire; risk ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS; VULNERABILITY; ADAPTATION; RESILIENCE; MITIGATION; REGION; FIRE; PERSPECTIVES AB This paper explores the question: to what extent is human community adaptive capacity generic versus hazard-specific? To what extent does having adaptive capacity for one type of disturbance indicate that communities also have adaptive capacity for other types of disturbance that they currently or may someday face? We did in-depth case studies in two Lee County, Florida communities to explore the extent to which residents have adaptive capacity for both hurricanes and wildfires. Although wildfire risk has significantly less salience than hurricane risk for participants, our results suggest that case study communities have built generic elements of adaptive capacity that are generalizable to address both disturbances: (1) interactional and organizational capacities; (2) professional knowledge and extra-local networks; and (3) local knowledge, resources, and skills. We conclude by offering examples of what an all-hazard' community might look like based on the development of generic adaptive capacity. C1 [Newman, Soren] Univ Idaho, Off Community Partnerships, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Carroll, Matthew] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Jakes, Pamela] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Higgins, Lorie] Univ Idaho, Dept Agr Econ & Rural Sociol, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Newman, S (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Off Community Partnerships, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM newman@uidaho.edu RI Brooks, Katya/J-4975-2014 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1747-7891 EI 1878-0059 J9 ENVIRON HAZARDS-UK JI Environ. Hazards PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 13 IS 1 BP 21 EP 37 DI 10.1080/17477891.2013.841090 PG 17 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 291IZ UT WOS:000329823700002 ER PT J AU Malysheva, SV Arroyo-Manzanares, N Cary, JW Ehrlich, KC Vanden Bussche, J Vanhaecke, L Bhatnagar, D Di Mavungu, JD De Saeger, S AF Malysheva, Svetlana V. Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia Cary, Jeffrey W. Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Vanden Bussche, Julie Vanhaecke, Lynn Bhatnagar, Deepak Di Mavungu, Jose Diana De Saeger, Sarah TI Identification of novel metabolites from Aspergillus flavus by high resolution and multiple stage mass spectrometry SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; comparative metabolomics; asparasone A; polyketide synthase; high resolution MS ID GENE CLUSTERS; AFLATOXIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; PARASITICUS; MYCOTOXINS; FUNGI; CROPS AB The filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus is one of the most important species in the Aspergillus genus and is distributed worldwide as a prevalent aflatoxin-producing food and feed contaminant. A. flavus contains more than 55 gene clusters that are predicted to encode proteins involved in secondary metabolite production. One of these, cluster 27, contains a polyketide synthase (pks27) gene that encodes a protein that is highly homologous to the aflatoxin cluster PKS. Comparative metabolomics, using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS) was used to detect metabolites differentially expressed in the A. flavus wild-type and pks27 mutant strains. Metabolite profiling was aided by a statistical differential analysis of MS data using SIEVE software. This differential analysis combined with accurate mass data from the Orbitrap and ion trap multiple stage MS allowed four metabolites to be identified that were produced only by the wild-type culture. These included asparasone A (358Da), an anthraquinone pigment, and related anthraquinones with masses of 316, 340 and 374Da. These latter three compounds had similar fragmentation patterns to that of asparasone A. The 316Da anthraquinone is particularly interesting because it is most likely formed by incorporation of seven malonyl-CoA units rather than the eight units required for the formation of asparasone A. The 340 and 374Da metabolites are the dehydration and an oxy-derivative of asparasone A, respectively. Asparasone A was also identified in extracts from several other Aspergillus species. C1 [Malysheva, Svetlana V.; Di Mavungu, Jose Diana; De Saeger, Sarah] Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Food Anal, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia] Univ Granada, Dept Analyt Chem, Fac Sci, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Cary, Jeffrey W.; Ehrlich, Kenneth C.; Bhatnagar, Deepak] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Vanden Bussche, Julie; Vanhaecke, Lynn] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, Lab Chem Anal, Merelbeke, Belgium. RP Di Mavungu, JD (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Food Anal, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM Jose.DianaDiMavungu@UGent.be RI Vanden Bussche, Julie/K-5134-2014; Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia/H-5055-2015 OI Vanden Bussche, Julie/0000-0002-3831-6663; Arroyo-Manzanares, Natalia/0000-0001-9882-6270 NR 29 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 47 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 EI 1944-0057 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 31 IS 1 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1080/19440049.2013.859743 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 292JO UT WOS:000329898200014 PM 24405210 ER PT J AU Stern, AJ Doraiswamy, PC Hunt, ER AF Stern, Alan J. Doraiswamy, Paul C. Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. TI Comparison of different MODIS data product collections over an agricultural area SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CROP YIELD ASSESSMENT; INDEX PRODUCTS; LAI PRODUCTS; LAND-COVER; VALIDATION; ALGORITHM; RADIATION; TERRA AB Standard data products from NASA's moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) were available at launch (collection 3) and have undergone two revisions (collections 4 and 5) during the continuing Terra and Aqua missions. In 2000, a research project was conducted in large fields of corn and soybean to evaluate MODIS leaf area index (LAI) and land cover type (MOD15 and MOD12 data products, respectively) as input to crop yield models. Our objective was to compare collections 3, 4 and 5 with the ground data to determine data product improvement. Classification of land cover type for collections 3, 4 and 5 were similar to the USDA-NASS Cropland Data Layer. The collection 5 MOD15 LAI was considerably improved over earlier collections when the quality assurance flags indicated good LAI retrievals. Land surface reflectances (MOD09) of MODIS band 2 (near-infrared, 250-m) were used as inputs to an inversion of the scattering by arbitrarily inclined leaves (SAIL) model. Compared to the collection 5 MOD15 product, SAIL-derived LAI had approximately equal agreement with the field data and had less systematic bias in root mean square error (RMSE). MODIS data products were designed to address global scientific questions without reliance on ground data, whereas the SAIL model inversions required ground data for model inputs. The accuracy of MODIS observations was not limiting LAI accuracy for broadleaf crops; additional information from non-MODIS sources may be required for improved MOD15 LAI. C1 [Stern, Alan J.; Doraiswamy, Paul C.; Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Stern, AJ (reprint author), ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Alan.Stern@ars.usda.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The work described in this letter was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration grants to Dr Paul Doraiswamy (deceased). NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 25 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2150-704X EI 2150-7058 J9 REMOTE SENS LETT JI Remote Sens. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1080/2150704X.2013.862600 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 291JH UT WOS:000329824500001 ER PT J AU Hwang, EY Song, QJ Jia, GF Specht, JE Hyten, DL Costa, J Cregan, PB AF Hwang, Eun-Young Song, Qijian Jia, Gaofeng Specht, James E. Hyten, David L. Costa, Jose Cregan, Perry B. TI A genome-wide association study of seed protein and oil content in soybean SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE GWAS; Glycine max; Seed protein and oil content; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Linkage disequilibrium ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; GROUP-I; RECURRENT SELECTION; MAPPING POPULATION; FLOWERING TIME; QTL; TOLERANCE AB Background: Association analysis is an alternative to conventional family-based methods to detect the location of gene(s) or quantitative trait loci (QTL) and provides relatively high resolution in terms of defining the genome position of a gene or QTL. Seed protein and oil concentration are quantitative traits which are determined by the interaction among many genes with small to moderate genetic effects and their interaction with the environment. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed protein and oil concentration in 298 soybean germplasm accessions exhibiting a wide range of seed protein and oil content. Results: A total of 55,159 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using various methods including Illumina Infinium and GoldenGate assays and 31,954 markers with minor allele frequency >0.10 were used to estimate linkage disequilibrium (LD) in heterochromatic and euchromatic regions. In euchromatic regions, the mean LD (r(2)) rapidly declined to 0.2 within 360 Kbp, whereas the mean LD declined to 0.2 at 9,600 Kbp in heterochromatic regions. The GWAS results identified 40 SNPs in 17 different genomic regions significantly associated with seed protein. Of these, the five SNPs with the highest associations and seven adjacent SNPs were located in the 27.6-30.0 Mbp region of Gm20. A major seed protein QTL has been previously mapped to the same location and potential candidate genes have recently been identified in this region. The GWAS results also detected 25 SNPs in 13 different genomic regions associated with seed oil. Of these markers, seven SNPs had a significant association with both protein and oil. Conclusions: This research indicated that GWAS not only identified most of the previously reported QTL controlling seed protein and oil, but also resulted in narrower genomic regions than the regions reported as containing these QTL. The narrower GWAS-defined genome regions will allow more precise marker-assisted allele selection and will expedite positional cloning of the causal gene(s). C1 [Hwang, Eun-Young; Costa, Jose] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Song, Qijian; Jia, Gaofeng; Hyten, David L.; Cregan, Perry B.] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Specht, James E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Cregan, PB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM perry.cregan@ars.usda.gov OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU National Science Foundation [IOS 0822258]; United Soybean Board Project [8265] FX We thank the National Science Foundation (IOS 0822258) and the United Soybean Board Project #8265 for funding to support this work. NR 59 TC 73 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 75 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 1 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 288LX UT WOS:000329614600001 PM 24382143 ER PT J AU von Reichert, C Cromartie, JB Arthun, RO AF von Reichert, Christiane Cromartie, John B. Arthun, Ryan O. TI Reasons for Returning and Not Returning to Rural US Communities SO PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER LA English DT Article DE population loss; qualitative methods; return migration; rural; United States ID UNITED-STATES; NONRETURN MIGRATION; LIFE-CYCLE; MIGRANTS; FAMILY; PLACE; HOME; TRANSNATIONALISM; ATTACHMENT; AMENITIES AB Population loss persists in nonmetropolitan America, especially in isolated counties with limited natural amenities. Communities in these counties experience high levels of outmigration among high school graduates, but low in-migration is more important in distinguishing declining from growing nonmetropolitan counties, and return migration is a much more prominent component of in-migration to these locationally disadvantaged areas. This research uses a multisited, interview-based methodology to understand the factors that influence decisions of people in their late twenties to late forties to move back to rural communities and the barriers that keep others from making such moves. The life course segment considered here captures a critical settling down period when career and family obligations overlap and return migration peaks. Interviews at high school reunions, the only venues where stayers, return migrants, and nonreturn migrants are found together, show that limited rural employment opportunities are barriers for nonreturnees. Others intent on returning find ways to secure or create employment but are primarily influenced to move home by family concerns. Connections to the larger social and physical environment of the community are important as well. Interviews affirm that factors affecting migration decisions work in combination, and ties to both people and place are critical for understanding rural return migration. C1 [von Reichert, Christiane; Arthun, Ryan O.] Univ Montana, Dept Geog, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Cromartie, John B.] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP von Reichert, C (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Geog, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM c.vonreichert@umontana.edu; jbc@ers.usda.gov; ryan.arthun@mso.umt.edu RI Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani /B-6087-2014 NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 20 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0033-0124 EI 1467-9272 J9 PROF GEOGR JI Prof. Geogr. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 66 IS 1 BP 58 EP 72 DI 10.1080/00330124.2012.725373 PG 15 WC Geography SC Geography GA 282FC UT WOS:000329154700008 ER PT J AU Masi, M Evidente, A Meyer, S Nicholson, J Munoz, A AF Masi, Marco Evidente, Antonio Meyer, Susan Nicholson, Joshua Munoz, Ashley TI Effect of strain and cultural conditions on the production of cytochalasin B by the potential mycoherbicide Pyrenophora semeniperda (Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE annual brome biocontrol; Bromus tectorum; HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography); phytotoxins; seed pathogen; virulence screening ID GROWTH; SPORULATION; VIRULENCE; PATHOGEN AB The seed pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda has demonstrated potential as a mycoherbicidal biocontrol for eliminating persistent seed banks of annual bromes on western North American rangelands. This pathogen exhibits variation in virulence that is related to mycelial growth rate, but direct laboratory tests of virulence on seeds often have low repeatability. We developed a rapid and sensitive high pressure liquid chromatography method for quantification of the phytotoxin cytochalasin B in complex mixtures in order to evaluate its use in virulence screening. All 10 strains tested produced large quantities of this metabolite in solid wheat seed culture, with production varying over a fourfold range (535-2256 mg kg(-1)). No cytochalasin B was produced in liquid potato dextrose broth culture, showing that its synthesis is strongly dependent on cultural conditions. In a Bromus tectorum coleoptile bioassay, solid culture extracts showed mild toxicity similar to the cytochalasin B standard at a concentration equivalent to 10(-4) M cytochalasin B (72-95% of control), whereas at 10(-3) M equivalent, the extracts exhibited significantly higher toxicity (8-18% of control) than the cytochalasin B standard (34% of control). This suggests the possible presence of other phytotoxic metabolites. Cytochalasin B production in solid wheat seed culture exhibited the predicted significant negative correlation with mycelial growth rate on potato dextrose agar, but the correlation was not very strong, possibly because cytochalasin B production and growth rate were measured under different cultural conditions. C1 [Masi, Marco; Evidente, Antonio] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Chem Sci, Naples, Italy. [Meyer, Susan] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. [Nicholson, Joshua; Munoz, Ashley] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Meyer, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. EM smeyer@fs.fed.us RI Evidente, Antonio/N-9357-2013; Masi, Marco/J-7742-2016 OI Evidente, Antonio/0000-0001-9110-1656; Masi, Marco/0000-0003-0609-8902 FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [2007-1-3-10, 2011-S-1]; CSREES NRI Biology of Weedy and Invasive Species Program [2008-35320-18677]; Brigham Young University ORCA program FX This research was funded in part by grants from the Joint Fire Sciences Program (2007-1-3-10 and 2011-S-1) to S. Meyer and the CSREES NRI Biology of Weedy and Invasive Species Program (2008-35320-18677) to S. Meyer and by grants from the Brigham Young University ORCA program in support of undergraduate research to J. Nicholson and A. Munoz. We thank Suzette Clement for collection, isolation and culture of the 10 pathogen strains used in this study, including preparation of cultures for phytotoxin characterisation. We thank Drs. Bradley Geary and Milton Lee of Brigham Young University for use of laboratory facilities. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 24 IS 1 BP 53 EP 64 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.844769 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 257FX UT WOS:000327370100004 ER PT J AU McAvoy, TJ Salom, SM Yu, B Ji, HL Du, YZ Johnson, N Reardon, R Kok, LT AF McAvoy, T. J. Salom, S. M. Yu, B. Ji, H. L. Du, Y. Z. Johnson, N. Reardon, R. Kok, L. T. TI Occurrence and development of Eucryptorrhynchus brandti and E. chinensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Ailanthus altissima trees subjected to different levels of mechanical damage SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ailanthus altissima; biological control; Curculionidae; Eucryptorrhynchus brandti; E. chinensis; tree of heaven ID CRYPTORHYNCHUS-LAPATHI COLEOPTERA; HYBRID POPLAR CLONES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; OF-HEAVEN; UNITED-STATES; GROWTH; PLANTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; VIRGINIA; SWINGLE AB Eucryptorrhynchus brandti (Harold) and E. chinensis (Oliver) are herbivores of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (tree of heaven) in China. Eucryptorrhynchus brandti has been recommended as a potential biological control agent of A. altissima in North America. In China, the majority of adults of both species were found on tree trunks 0-5 m above the ground, from May to September. In October and November, most adults were found at the base of A. altissima trees. Trees were subjected to different levels of mechanical injury: very low mechanical injury, one to two 0.015 m(2) bark sections were removed; low, two to four bark sections were removed; moderate, 8 to 22 bark sections removed; high, tree was girdled; and extreme, tree was felled and the remaining stump was sampled. Very low and low mechanical injury trees had very few adult emergence holes with few larvae developing beyond the first or second instar after 29 months. The health of these trees remained good. An increase in adult emergence holes occurred in moderately injured trees that appeared as healthy as very low to low mechanically injured trees. This may indicate that only a small increase in tree stress can increase the adult emergence rate and thus hasten a decline in tree health. Moderate, high and extreme mechanically injured trees had significantly more emergence holes/m than very low and low injured trees and late larval stages were present. The development of Eucryptorrhynchus species was more successful the greater the degree of mechanical injury. Based on this study both Eucryptorrhynchus species appear to be secondary pests of A. altissima in China. C1 [McAvoy, T. J.; Salom, S. M.; Kok, L. T.] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Yu, B.; Ji, H. L.; Du, Y. Z.] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Plant Protect, Yangzhou, Peoples R China. [Johnson, N.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Reardon, R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV USA. RP McAvoy, TJ (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA USA. EM tmcavoy@vt.edu RI Kok, Loke/G-9922-2016 OI Kok, Loke/0000-0002-5734-3472 FU USDA Forest Service Grant [04-CA-11244225-169] FX This study was supported by the USDA Forest Service Grant [04-CA-11244225-169]. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 24 IS 1 BP 65 EP 79 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.847902 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 257FX UT WOS:000327370100005 ER PT J AU Alamri, MS Mohamed, AA Xu, JY Kalyanaraman, P Rayas-Duarte, P AF Alamri, Mohammed S. Mohamed, Abdellatif A. Xu, Jingyuan Kalyanaraman, Palgunan Rayas-Duarte, Patricia TI ENTHALPIC RELAXATION OF VITAL AND PROTEASE-TREATED WHEAT GLUTEN SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Vital wheat gluten; Proteins; Purification; -Amylase; Protease; DSC; Glass transition; Enthalpic relaxation; Capillary electrophoresis; DMA; Rheology; Extraction; SE-HPLC; RP-HPLC ID GLASS-TRANSITION; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; ELECTROPHORESIS; FRACTIONS; PROPERTY; PROTEINS; STARCH AB Commercially available vital wheat gluten was purified with -amylase and treated with protease in a one-step process. The supernatant of the protease-treated gluten was freeze dried, quench cooled, and aged for 2 weeks and analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, sodium dodecyl sulfate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis, reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, capillary zone electrophoresis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The differential scanning calorimetry profile of the aged (un-purified or un-modified) gluten sample exhibited enthalpic relaxation beneath its glass transition (Tg) indicating molecular relaxation. Samples treated with 0.006 g protease/g gluten showed Tg at 49.11 degrees C with Cp = 0.12 (J/degrees C g). Higher protease levels and longer aging time caused high Tg temperature, Cp, and H of enthalpic relaxation. The size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography profile of the protease-treated gluten clearly showed differences in molecular size between the supernatant and the precipitate, while reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography profiles signified more hydrophilic gluten molecules than the control. The small difference in gluten molecular size after protease treatments (0.024 g protease versus 0.032 g) appeared to have a significant effect on the enthalpic relaxation, where the two treatments showed different degrees of enthalpic relation. The capillary zone electrophoresis data confirmed the insignificant difference between 0.024 and 0.032 g protease/g gluten regarding the size to charge ratio. The molecular interactions for protease-treated gluten were much weaker than vital gluten, as indicated by much weaker network and sensitivity to temperature, especially above Tg. The weaker network was evidenced by higher G versus G, which explained the fluid like behavior of the protease-treated gluten. C1 [Alamri, Mohammed S.; Mohamed, Abdellatif A.] King Saud Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Xu, Jingyuan] USDA, Peoria, IL USA. [Kalyanaraman, Palgunan; Rayas-Duarte, Patricia] Oklahoma State Univ, Food & Agr Prod Res Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Mohamed, AA (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. EM abdmohamed@KSU.edu.SA RI Mohamed, Abdellatif/O-5801-2015 FU Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University [RGP-VPP-114] FX The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding the work through the research group project No. RGP-VPP-114)) i. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 39 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 EI 1532-2386 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 1 BP 187 EP 203 DI 10.1080/10942912.2011.619026 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 220TZ UT WOS:000324611100016 ER PT S AU Young, H Chuck, G Tyler, L AF Young, Hugh Chuck, George Tyler, Ludmila BE Goldman, SL Kole, C TI Bioenergy-Related Traits and Model Systems SO COMPENDIUM OF BIOENERGY PLANTS: CORN SE Compendium of Bioenergy Plants LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE feedstock traits; starch; vegetative biomass; model species ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; ADP-GLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE; GRASS BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; SPECTRUM DISEASE RESISTANCE; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; INSECT PEST-CONTROL; MAIZE SEED WEIGHT; PLANT-CELL WALLS; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SETARIA-ITALICA AB Humans' use of maize for food has yielded extensive agricultural knowledge that is now accelerating the development of maize as a bioenergy feedstock. The first half of this chapter summarizes the traits that should be targeted to optimize maize's utility for bioenergy. The goal is to maximize the production of high-quality biomass while minimizing the required expenditure of resources. The kernels and the vegetative tissues of the stalk represent two distinct feedstocks whose production must be balanced for maximal efficiency. For kernels, controlling starch synthesis and degradation is key. For vegetative biomass, traits including plant architecture, cell wall composition, and flowering time are important. In general, plant feedstocks containing large amounts of an easily accessible glucose-based polymer are well-suited for current processing technologies. Improving photosynthetic capacity, disease and insect resistance, drought tolerance, and nutrient use efficiency can boost yield for the plant as a whole. The second half of the chapter describes tools and model systems for maize. New tools such as the Intermated B73 MO17 and nested association mapping (NAM) populations are supplementing classical genetics to enable the identification of genes underlying complex biofuel traits. Arabidopsis thaliana, a small, diploid, dicotylendous weed, is the preeminent model plant for molecular research. Joining Arabidopsis are the emerging models Brachypodium distachyon (purple false brome) and S. viridis (green millet). As grasses, both Brachypodium and Setaria are more closely related to maize than Arabidopsis is. With its small physical stature, simple growth requirements, sequenced genome, amenability to genetic transformation, and diversity of germplasm, Brachypodium is useful for investigating questions such as cell wall composition and the identity of cell-wall-associated proteins in the grasses. Setaria, although having fewer research resources at present, still promises to be an excellent model for C-4 photosynthesis. This rich research toolbox will support the improvement of maize as a dual-use crop. C1 [Young, Hugh] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chuck, George] USDA, Plant Gene Express Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Chuck, George] Univ Calif Berkeley, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Tyler, Ludmila] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Tyler, L (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM hugh.young@ars.usda.gov; georgechuck@berkeley.edu; ltyler@biochem.umass.edu NR 220 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 2376-7073 BN 978-1-4822-1059-0 J9 COMPEND BIOENERG PLA PY 2014 BP 118 EP 168 PG 51 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels GA BD9EM UT WOS:000364537700006 ER PT S AU Moore, KJ Karlen, DL Lamkey, KR AF Moore, Kenneth J. Karlen, Douglas L. Lamkey, Kendall R. BE Goldman, SL Kole, C TI Future Prospects for Corn as a Biofuel Crop SO COMPENDIUM OF BIOENERGY PLANTS: CORN SE Compendium of Bioenergy Plants LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE ethanol; soil erosion; soil quality; water quality; carbon sequestration ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; RESIDUE REMOVAL; COVER CROPS; STOVER REMOVAL; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-PLAINS; BIO-ETHANOL; QUALITY; US; TILLAGE AB Ethanol production from corn grain has increased significantly during the past ten years in the US. This increase was driven by government policy guided by the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and embodied in the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit and other legislation created to promote a biofuels industry. As corn grain ethanol production approaches the target set out in the RFS, the industry is looking to develop capacity for producing advanced biofuels, primarily from agricultural wastes and dedicated energy crops. The residues remaining following corn harvest have been identified as a voluminous and readily available feedstock for advanced biofuels. However, these residues provide important ecosystem services and their complete removal may exacerbate environmental problems associated with soil erosion, water quality, nutrient cycling, and carbon sequestration. Alternative crop management practices need to be developed and implemented to ensure that these services are maintained or enhanced for biofuel production from corn residues to be sustainable. Management practices such as reduced tillage, use of cover crops, site-specific harvest intensities, and shifting marginal land currently used for corn production to perennial energy crops show potential for allowing removal of corn residue while maintaining ecosystem services. C1 [Moore, Kenneth J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Karlen, Douglas L.] ARS, USDA, NLAE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lamkey, Kendall R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Moore, KJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, 1571 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kjmoore@iastate.edu; doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov; krlamkey@iastate.edu NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 2376-7073 BN 978-1-4822-1059-0 J9 COMPEND BIOENERG PLA PY 2014 BP 331 EP 352 PG 22 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels GA BD9EM UT WOS:000364537700015 ER PT S AU Mitchell, R Schmer, M AF Mitchell, Rob Schmer, Marty BE Luo, H Wu, Y Kole, C TI An Overview of Switchgrass SO COMPENDIUM OF BIOENERGY PLANTS: SWITCHGRASS SE Compendium of Bioenergy Plants LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION; PANICUM-VIRGATUM L.; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; DEVELOPMENTAL MORPHOLOGY; BIOENERGY FEEDSTOCK; PERENNIAL GRASSES; UNITED-STATES; BIG BLUESTEM; GREAT-PLAINS; YIELD C1 [Mitchell, Rob] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Schmer, Marty] ARS, USDA, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Mitchell, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, 137 Keim Hall,Univ Nebraska East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM rob.mitchell@ars.usda.gov; marty.schmer@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 2376-7073 BN 978-1-4665-9637-5 J9 COMPEND BIOENERG PLA PY 2014 BP 1 EP 15 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels GA BD9EL UT WOS:000364537400003 ER PT S AU Fike, JH Butler, TJ Mitchell, R AF Fike, John H. Butler, Twain J. Mitchell, Rob BE Luo, H Wu, Y Kole, C TI The Agronomy of Switchgrass for Biomass SO COMPENDIUM OF BIOENERGY PLANTS: SWITCHGRASS SE Compendium of Bioenergy Plants LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PANICUM-VIRGATUM-L.; WARM-SEASON GRASSES; X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; SEEDLING TILLER NUMBER; ACID SOIL TOLERANCE; BIG BLUESTEM; UNITED-STATES; 1ST REPORT; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; FORAGE GRASSES C1 [Fike, John H.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Butler, Twain J.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA. [Mitchell, Rob] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Fike, JH (reprint author), Virginia Tech, 365 Smyth Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jfike@vt.edu; tjbutler@noble.org; rob.mitchell@ars.usda.gov NR 232 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 2376-7073 BN 978-1-4665-9637-5 J9 COMPEND BIOENERG PLA PY 2014 BP 16 EP 66 PG 51 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels GA BD9EL UT WOS:000364537400004 ER PT S AU Behrman, KD Meki, MN Wu, YQ Kiniry, JR AF Behrman, Kathrine D. Meki, Manyowa N. Wu, Yanqi Kiniry, James R. BE Luo, H Wu, Y Kole, C TI Applications of Biomass Production Modeling for Switchgrass SO COMPENDIUM OF BIOENERGY PLANTS: SWITCHGRASS SE Compendium of Bioenergy Plants LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENERGY CROP PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREAT-PLAINS; GRASSES; SOIL; ADAPTATION; BIOENERGY; BIOFUELS; POPULATIONS C1 [Behrman, Kathrine D.; Kiniry, James R.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Meki, Manyowa N.] Texas AgriLife Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Wu, Yanqi] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Behrman, KD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM Kate.Behrman@ars.usda.gov; nmeki@brc.tamus.edu; yanqi.wu@okstate.edu; Jim.Kiniry@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 2376-7073 BN 978-1-4665-9637-5 J9 COMPEND BIOENERG PLA PY 2014 BP 356 EP 377 PG 22 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Energy & Fuels GA BD9EL UT WOS:000364537400014 ER PT B AU Pettis, J AF Pettis, J. BE Fischer, D Moriarty, T TI Overview of the Honey Bee SO PESTICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLLINATORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators CY JAN 15-22, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Pettis, J (reprint author), USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-85250-7; 978-1-118-85252-1 PY 2014 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Entomology; Environmental Sciences SC Entomology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD9FM UT WOS:000364576300002 ER PT B AU Fischer, D Alix, A Coulson, M Delorme, P Moriarty, T Pettis, J Steeger, T Wisk, JD AF Fischer, D. Alix, A. Coulson, M. Delorme, P. Moriarty, T. Pettis, J. Steeger, T. Wisk, J. D. BE Fischer, D Moriarty, T TI Problem Formulation for an Assessment of Risk to Honey Bees from Applications of Plant Protection Products to Agricultural Crops SO PESTICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLLINATORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators CY JAN 15-22, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem C1 [Fischer, D.] Bayer CropSci LP, Environm Safety, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Coulson, M.] Syngenta Ltd, Washington, DC USA. [Delorme, P.] Hlth Canada, Pest Management Regulatory Agcy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Moriarty, T.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Pesticide Reevaluat Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pettis, J.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Steeger, T.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wisk, J. D.] BASF Corp, Crop Solut, Washington, DC USA. RP Fischer, D (reprint author), Bayer CropSci LP, Environm Safety, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-85250-7; 978-1-118-85252-1 PY 2014 BP 28 EP 43 PG 16 WC Entomology; Environmental Sciences SC Entomology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD9FM UT WOS:000364576300006 ER PT S AU Dwivedi, S Puppala, N Maleki, S Ozias-Akins, P Ortiz, R AF Dwivedi, Sangam Puppala, Naveen Maleki, Soheila Ozias-Akins, Peggy Ortiz, Rodomiro BE Janick, J TI Peanut Improvement for Human Health SO PLANT BREEDING REVIEWS, VOL 38 SE Plant Breeding Reviews LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE aflatoxin; allergy; genetic map; germplasm; groundnut; marker-aided backcross breeding; nutrition; quantitative trait loci; transgene ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; HIGH OLEIC-ACID; MINI-CORE COLLECTION; ARA H 2; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT; IGE-BINDING EPITOPES; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; MAIZE INBRED LINES; HIGH OLEATE TRAIT AB Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L., Fabaceae) is an energy-dense and nutritious food. Regular consumption of peanuts improves human health. Oil content and oil quality, which is determined by variation in oleic (O) and linoleic (L) fatty acids, are important seed quality traits in peanut. Aflatoxin (produced by fungus Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) is a serious health problem, whereas peanut allergy is a potentially life-threatening and often lifelong food allergy. High O/L ratio increases shelf life of peanut products and, therefore, their marketability. Germplasm and advanced breeding lines with oil content as high as 55-60% and O/L ratio ranging from 7: 1 to 40: 1 are available for use in peanut breeding. Global warming has a significant impact on the nutritional quality of food crops. Identification of germplasm with stable seed quality traits will be a prerequisite to initiate quality breeding in peanut. Peanut cultivars with high oleate content, developed by conventional breeding and selection, are widely grown in the United States. Marker-aided backcross breeding has led to the development of 'Tifguard High O/L' peanut cultivar in the United States. Enough genetic variation in seed iron and zinc content has been noted, but targeted breeding for these micronutrients in peanut is yet to begin. Peanut is devoid of beta-carotene-a precursor of vitamin A. Using a cotyledon-based Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system and the maize psyI gene driven by the At oleosin promoter, beta-carotene-rich transgenic peanuts have been achieved. Transgenic peanuts with the antifungal gene cpo-p inhibited A. flavus hyphal growth or those containing the Rchit gene have shown a broader spectrum of resistance against fungal infection including A. flavus. Knocking out genes for the allergenic proteins, using targeting-induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) or RNAi approaches, has shown promise to derive mutants or transgenic events lacking allergenic seed proteins, with no adverse effect on seed quality or viability. These genetic stocks when available to researchers may lead to breeding agronomically superior nutritionally enhanced peanut cultivars, which will be free from allergens and toxins. C1 [Dwivedi, Sangam; Puppala, Naveen] New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr Clovis, Clovis, NM 88103 USA. [Maleki, Soheila] ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA USA. [Ozias-Akins, Peggy] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA USA. [Ozias-Akins, Peggy] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, Tifton, GA USA. [Ortiz, Rodomiro] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Breeding, Alnarp, Sweden. RP Dwivedi, S (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr Clovis, Clovis, NM 88103 USA. NR 236 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-2207 BN 978-1-118-91686-5; 978-1-118-91683-4 J9 PL BRED RE JI Plant Breed. Rev. PY 2014 VL 38 BP 143 EP 185 D2 10.1002/9781118916865 PG 43 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD9EW UT WOS:000364539300004 ER PT J AU Meki, MN Kiniry, JR Behrman, KD Pawlowski, MN Crow, SE AF Meki, Manyowa N. Kiniry, James R. Behrman, Kathrine D. Pawlowski, Meghan N. Crow, Susan E. BE Morgado, CDV Esteves, VPP TI The Role of Simulation Models in Monitoring Soil Organic Carbon Storage and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Potential in Bioenergy Cropping Systems SO CO2 SEQUESTRATION AND VALORIZATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE CHANGE; AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; C-13 ABUNDANCE; ENERGY CROPS; CORN STOVER; SEQUESTRATION; SWITCHGRASS C1 [Meki, Manyowa N.] Texas A&M AgriLife Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Kiniry, James R.; Behrman, Kathrine D.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX USA. [Pawlowski, Meghan N.; Crow, Susan E.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Meki, MN (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM nmeki@brc.tamus.edu; jim.kiniry@ars.usda.gov NR 132 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-1225-9 PY 2014 BP 251 EP 279 DI 10.5772/57177 D2 10.5772/57034 PG 29 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD8EN UT WOS:000363886300010 ER PT B AU Hester, SE Lui, MH Nicholson, T Nowacki, D Harvill, ET AF Hester, Sara E. Lui, Minghsun Nicholson, Tracy Nowacki, Daryl Harvill, Eric T. BE Bandyopadhyay, A TI IDENTIFICATION OF A CO2 RESPONSIVE REGULON IN BORDETELLA SO CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE: CO2 MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ADENYLATE-CYCLASE TOXIN; BVG-INTERMEDIATE PHASE; VIRULENCE GENE-EXPRESSION; III SECRETION SYSTEM; TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL; TRACHEAL COLONIZATION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; RNA-POLYMERASE; PERTUSSIS; BRONCHISEPTICA C1 [Hester, Sara E.; Nowacki, Daryl; Harvill, Eric T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hester, Sara E.; Nowacki, Daryl] Penn State Univ, Grad Program Biochem Microbiol & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lui, Minghsun] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Nicholson, Tracy] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Hester, SE (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-5061-9; 978-1-77188-021-3 PY 2014 BP 239 EP 265 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0047635 D2 10.1201/b16845 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA BD7HF UT WOS:000363064600009 ER PT B AU Cheng, L Booker, FL Burkey, KO Tu, C Shew, HD Rufty, TW Fiscus, EL Deforest, JL Hu, SJ AF Cheng, Lei Booker, Fitzgerald L. Burkey, Kent O. Tu, Cong Shew, H. David Rufty, Thomas W. Fiscus, Edwin L. Deforest, Jared L. Hu, Shuijin BE Bandyopadhyay, A TI SOIL MICROBIAL RESPONSES TO ELEVATED CO2 AND O-3 IN A NITROGEN-AGGRADING AGROECOSYSTEM SO CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE: CO2 MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; ORGANIC-MATTER; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; PINE FOREST; ENRICHMENT; BIOMASS; OZONE; METAANALYSIS; PLANT C1 [Cheng, Lei; Tu, Cong; Shew, H. David; Hu, Shuijin] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Booker, Fitzgerald L.; Burkey, Kent O.; Fiscus, Edwin L.] ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Booker, Fitzgerald L.; Burkey, Kent O.; Rufty, Thomas W.; Fiscus, Edwin L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Deforest, Jared L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Cheng, L (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Box 7616, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-5061-9; 978-1-77188-021-3 PY 2014 BP 277 EP 307 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021377 D2 10.1201/b16845 PG 31 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA BD7HF UT WOS:000363064600011 ER PT B AU Lichtenstein, AH AF Lichtenstein, Alice H. BE Betteridge, DJ Nicholls, S TI Diet and Lifestyle in CVD Prevention and Treatment SO MANAGING CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN DIABETES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; WHOLE-GRAIN INTAKE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TRANS-FATTY-ACIDS; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES; HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIETS; HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL C1 [Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 163 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-65949-6; 978-1-118-33793-6 PY 2014 BP 215 EP 237 D2 10.1002/9781118337967 PG 23 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA BD6AP UT WOS:000361970500010 ER PT S AU Boryan, CG Yang, ZW Willis, P AF Boryan, Claire G. Yang, Zhengwei Willis, Patrick GP IEEE TI US GEOSPATIAL CROP FREQUENCY DATA LAYERS SO THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRO-GEOINFORMATICS (AGRO-GEOINFORMATICS 2014) SE International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics) CY AUG 11-14, 2014 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, U S Dept Agr, Natl Agr Stat Serv, Chinese Assoc Agr Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Open Geospatial Consortium, State Adm Foreign Experts Affairs China, Chinese Soc Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Minist Agr China, Key Lab Agri Informat, Beijing GEOWAY Software Co Ltd, AZUP Sci Co Ltd, Beijing AeroImginfo Informat Technol Co Ltd, EarthStar Inc DE Cropland Data Layer; crop frequency map; automated stratification; crop specific stratification; multi-year land cover data AB Information on future crop specific planting is valuable for improving agricultural survey estimates. This information is critical for agricultural production planning, agricultural product commodity inventory control, natural resource allocation and conservation, etc. However, future crop planting details are generally unavailable. This paper proposes to use crop specific planting frequency data as indicators to indirectly provide information regarding future crop planting. A methodology to derive crop planting frequency data layers based on 2008-2013 Cropland Data Layers has been presented in this paper. Crop frequency layers for corn, soybeans, wheat and cotton were successfully built at the national level and for two states including Indiana and Mississippi, USA. Multi-year (2008-2013) Farm Service Agency (FSA) Common Land Unit (CLU) data were utilized to assess the accuracy of the derived crop frequency data layers. The accuracies of the national scale crop frequency data layers are 91.00%, 90.13%, 87.67% and 85.96% for corn, cotton, soybean and wheat respectively. C1 [Boryan, Claire G.; Yang, Zhengwei; Willis, Patrick] Natl Agr Stat Serv, Div Res & Dev, USDA, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Boryan, CG (reprint author), Natl Agr Stat Serv, Div Res & Dev, USDA, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM Claire.Boryan@nass.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2334-3168 J9 INT CONF AGRO-GEOINF PY 2014 BP 454 EP 458 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BD7LZ UT WOS:000363278300091 ER PT S AU Guo, YQ Zhao, F Huang, YB Reddy, KN Zhao, YH Dong, L AF Guo, Yiqing Zhao, Feng Huang, Yanbo Reddy, Krishna N. Zhao, Yanhua Dong, Lan GP IEEE TI Detection of the Onset of Crop Stress Induced by Glyphosate Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measurements SO THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRO-GEOINFORMATICS (AGRO-GEOINFORMATICS 2014) SE International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics) CY AUG 11-14, 2014 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, U S Dept Agr, Natl Agr Stat Serv, Chinese Assoc Agr Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Open Geospatial Consortium, State Adm Foreign Experts Affairs China, Chinese Soc Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Minist Agr China, Key Lab Agri Informat, Beijing GEOWAY Software Co Ltd, AZUP Sci Co Ltd, Beijing AeroImginfo Informat Technol Co Ltd, EarthStar Inc DE chlorophyll fluorescence; crop injury; herbicide; glyphosate; hyperspectral ID INDEXES; INJURY; DRIFT; REFLECTANCE; RESPONSES; CAMERA; SCALE; MODEL AB In this study, Chlorophyll Fluorescence (ChlF) was used to assess and detect the onset of crop injury from glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide. Thirty-six pots of non-glyphosate-resistant soybean (cultivar FM955LL) were randomly divided into three groups and treated with different doses of glyphosate solutions. The three treatment groups were CTRL group (with no glyphosate treatment), 0.25X group (treated with 0.217 kg.ae/ha solution of glyphosate), and 0.5X group (treated with 0.433 kg.ae/ha solution of glyphosate). The Kautsky effect parameters were acquired in the experiment by using a chlorophyll fluorimeter. Reflectance-based indices, which were potentially related to ChlF, were also calculated from leaf reflectance spectra acquired using an integrating sphere apparatus coupled with a spectroradiometer. These data were processed and analyzed to study their response to the glyphosate treatments. Results indicate that four Kautsky effect parameters, Fv, Fv/Fm, Area, and PI, are parameters sensitive to glyphosate treatment, showing significant differences among the three groups at and beyond 48 Hours After Treatment (HAT). Moreover, ChlF-related spectral indices, R-675 .R-690/R-683(2) and R-690/R-655, are shown to be useful in detection of the glyphosate injury, though they are shown less effective compared with the Kautsky effect parameters. Results presented in this paper demonstrate that ChlF is effective in detecting the onset of glyphosate-induced leaf injury, and has the potential to be further developed into practical use. C1 [Guo, Yiqing; Zhao, Feng] Beihang Univ, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. [Huang, Yanbo; Reddy, Krishna N.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Zhao, Yanhua] Beijing Inst Space Mech & Elect, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Dong, Lan] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Comp & Informat Technol, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. RP Guo, YQ (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. EM zhaofeng@buaa.edu.cn NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2334-3168 J9 INT CONF AGRO-GEOINF PY 2014 BP 560 EP 564 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BD7LZ UT WOS:000363278300112 ER PT B AU Cox, CE Zaragoza, WJ Krediet, CJ Teplitski, M AF Cox, Clayton E. Zaragoza, William J. Krediet, Cory J. Teplitski, Max BE Dobretsov, S Thomason, JC Williams, DN TI Biofilm formation and quorum sensing bioassays SO BIOFOULING METHODS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CAROTOVORA SUBSP CAROTOVORA; HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREEN; BARA SENSOR KINASE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VITRO; INHIBITORS; SALMONELLA C1 [Cox, Clayton E.; Krediet, Cory J.; Teplitski, Max] Univ Florida, IFAS, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cox, Clayton E.; Zaragoza, William J.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Microbiol Grad Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Zaragoza, William J.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Krediet, Cory J.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Teplitski, Max] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Cox, CE (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-33614-4; 978-0-470-65985-4 PY 2014 BP 153 EP 167 D2 10.1002/9781118336144 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA BD7DW UT WOS:000362910500018 ER PT B AU Afonso, CL Miller, PJ AF Afonso, Claudio L. Miller, Patti J. BE Liu, D TI Newcastle Disease Virus SO MANUAL OF SECURITY SENSITIVE MICROBES AND TOXINS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; SHEDDING FOLLOWING VACCINATION; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; FUSION PROTEIN GENE; LIVE BIRD MARKETS; PARAMYXOVIRUS TYPE-1; AVIAN INFLUENZA; PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES C1 [Afonso, Claudio L.; Miller, Patti J.] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 96 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5398-9; 978-1-4665-5396-5 PY 2014 BP 689 EP 701 D2 10.1201/b16752 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BD7GW UT WOS:000363061700061 ER PT B AU Salman, MD McCluskey, BJ AF Salman, M. D. McCluskey, B. J. BE Liu, D TI Vesicular Stomatitis Virus SO MANUAL OF SECURITY SENSITIVE MICROBES AND TOXINS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LUTZOMYIA-SHANNONI DIPTERA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NEW-JERSEY SEROTYPE; OSSABAW ISLAND; DAIRY-CATTLE; AMPLIFYING HOSTS; REACTION ASSAY; PCR ASSAY; INFECTION C1 [Salman, M. D.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [McCluskey, B. J.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Salman, MD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5398-9; 978-1-4665-5396-5 PY 2014 BP 737 EP 745 D2 10.1201/b16752 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BD7GW UT WOS:000363061700065 ER PT B AU Hartman, GL AF Hartman, Glen L. BE Liu, D TI Phoma glycinicola SO MANUAL OF SECURITY SENSITIVE MICROBES AND TOXINS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RED LEAF BLOTCH; DACTULIOCHAETA-GLYCINES; SOYBEANS; PYRENOCHAETA C1 [Hartman, Glen L.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5398-9; 978-1-4665-5396-5 PY 2014 BP 801 EP 806 D2 10.1201/b16752 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BD7GW UT WOS:000363061700071 ER PT B AU Warren, ML Burr, BM AF Warren, Melvin L., Jr. Burr, Brooks M. BE Warren, ML Burr, BM TI Freshwater Fishes of North America VOLUME 1 Petromyzontidae to Catostomidae Preface SO FRESHWATER FISHES OF NORTH AMERICA, VOL 1: PETROMYZONTIDAE TO CATOSTOMIDAE LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Warren, Melvin L., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Burr, Brooks M.] So Illinois Univ, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Warren, ML (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA 2715 N CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA BN 978-1-4214-1202-3; 978-1-4214-1201-6 PY 2014 BP IX EP XV PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BD6KJ UT WOS:000362322400001 ER PT B AU Burns, MD Gilbert, CR Warren, ML AF Burns, Michael D. Gilbert, Carter R. Warren, Melvin L., Jr. BE Warren, ML Burr, BM TI Dasyatidae: Whiptail Stingrays SO FRESHWATER FISHES OF NORTH AMERICA, VOL 1: PETROMYZONTIDAE TO CATOSTOMIDAE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Burns, Michael D.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Gilbert, Carter R.] Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL USA. [Warren, Melvin L., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Burns, MD (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA 2715 N CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA BN 978-1-4214-1202-3; 978-1-4214-1201-6 PY 2014 BP 140 EP 159 PG 20 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BD6KJ UT WOS:000362322400005 ER PT B AU Iliopoulos, A Michopoulos, JG Hermanson, JC AF Iliopoulos, Athanasios Michopoulos, John G. Hermanson, John C. GP ASME TI PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF THE DIRECT STRAIN IMAGING METHOD SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID DEFORMATION FUNCTION; DISPLACEMENT AB Direct Strain Imaging accomplishes frill field measurement of the strain tensor on the surface of a deforming body, by utilizing arbitrarily oriented engineering strain measurements originating from digital imaging. In this paper an evaluation of the method's performance with respect to its operating parameter space is presented along with a preliminary validation based on actual experiments on composite material specimens under tension. It has been shown that the method exhibits excellent accuracy characteristics and outperforms methods based on displacement differentiation. C1 [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hermanson, John C.] USDA Forest Serv, Wood Based Mat & Struct, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Iliopoulos, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5585-0 PY 2014 AR V02AT02A025 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD6IN UT WOS:000362241500025 ER PT S AU Lloyd, W Pallickara, S David, O Arabi, M Rojas, K AF Lloyd, Wes Pallickara, Shrideep David, Olaf Arabi, Mazdak Rojas, Ken GP IEEE TI Dynamic Scaling for Service Oriented Applications: Implications of Virtual Machine Placement on IaaS Clouds SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLOUD ENGINEERING (IC2E) SE International Conference on Cloud Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E) CY MAR 11-14, 2014 CL Boston Univ, Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, TCBIS, STC Cloud Comp, IEEE Cloud COmp, IBM Res HO Boston Univ DE Autonomic computing; IaaS; Virtualization; Multi-Tenancy; Resource Management and Performance ID PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; CONSOLIDATION; ALLOCATION AB The Abstraction of physical hardware using infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) clouds leads to the simplistic view that resources are homogeneous and that infinite scaling is possible with linear increases in performance. Support for autonomic scaling of multi-tier service oriented applications requires determination of when, what, and where to scale. "When" is addressed by hotspot detection schemes using techniques including performance modeling and time series analysis. "What" relates to determining the quantity and size of new resources to provision. "Where" involves identification of the best location(s) to provision new resources. In this paper we investigate primarily "where" new infrastructure should be provisioned, and secondly "what" the infrastructure should be. Dynamic scaling of infrastructure for service oriented applications requires rapid response to changes in demand to meet application quality-of-service requirements. We investigate the performance and resource cost implications of VM placement when dynamically scaling server infrastructure of service oriented applications. We evaluate dynamic scaling in the context of providing modeling-as-a-service for two environmental science models. C1 [Lloyd, Wes; Pallickara, Shrideep; David, Olaf] Colorado State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lloyd, Wes; David, Olaf; Arabi, Mazdak] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Rojas, Ken] Nat Resource Conservat Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Lloyd, W (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM wes.lloyd@colostate.edu; shrideep.pallickara@colostate.edu; olaf.david@colostate.edu; mazdak.arabi@colostate.edu; Ken.Rojas@ftc.usda.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2373-3845 BN 978-1-4799-3766-0 J9 INT CONF CLOUD ENG PY 2014 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1109/IC2E.2014.40 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD4QP UT WOS:000361018600031 ER PT B AU Gomez, MI Hand, MS AF Gomez, Miguel I. Hand, Michael S. BE King, RP Hand, MS Gomez, MI TI From Farms to Consumers An Introduction to Supply Chains for Local Foods SO GROWING LOCAL: CASE STUDIES ON LOCAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS SE Our Sustainable Future LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Gomez, Miguel I.] Cornell Univ, Charles H Dyson Sch Appl Econ & Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Gomez, MI (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Charles H Dyson Sch Appl Econ & Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-5699-6; 978-0-8032-5485-5 J9 OUR SUSTAIN FUTURE PY 2014 BP 3 EP 13 PG 11 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BC8OY UT WOS:000355949400001 ER PT B AU King, RP Hand, MS DiGiacomo, G AF King, Robert P. Hand, Michael S. DiGiacomo, Gigi BE King, RP Hand, MS Gomez, MI TI Research Design for Local Food Case Studies SO GROWING LOCAL: CASE STUDIES ON LOCAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS SE Our Sustainable Future LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [King, Robert P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [DiGiacomo, Gigi] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP King, RP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-5699-6; 978-0-8032-5485-5 J9 OUR SUSTAIN FUTURE PY 2014 BP 14 EP 31 PG 18 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BC8OY UT WOS:000355949400002 ER PT B AU Hand, MS Clancy, K AF Hand, Michael S. Clancy, Kate BE King, RP Hand, MS Gomez, MI TI Fluid Milk Case Studies in the Washington DC Area SO GROWING LOCAL: CASE STUDIES ON LOCAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS SE Our Sustainable Future LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Clancy, Kate] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Sustainable Agr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Hand, MS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-5699-6; 978-0-8032-5485-5 J9 OUR SUSTAIN FUTURE PY 2014 BP 228 EP 264 PG 37 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BC8OY UT WOS:000355949400007 ER PT B AU Lev, L Hand, MS DiGiacomo, G AF Lev, Larry Hand, Michael S. DiGiacomo, Gigi BE King, RP Hand, MS Gomez, MI TI What Does Local Deliver? SO GROWING LOCAL: CASE STUDIES ON LOCAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS SE Our Sustainable Future LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LIFE-CYCLE; FARMERS MARKETS; UNITED-STATES; FOOD-MILES; ENERGY; CONSUMPTION; IMPACTS; FRUIT C1 [Lev, Larry] Oregon State Univ, Dept Appl Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [DiGiacomo, Gigi] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Lev, L (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Appl Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-5699-6; 978-0-8032-5485-5 J9 OUR SUSTAIN FUTURE PY 2014 BP 291 EP 312 PG 22 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BC8OY UT WOS:000355949400009 ER PT B AU Hand, MS Clancy, K AF Hand, Michael S. Clancy, Kate BE King, RP Hand, MS Gomez, MI TI What Role Do Public Policies and Programs Play in the Growth of Local Foods? SO GROWING LOCAL: CASE STUDIES ON LOCAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS SE Our Sustainable Future LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Clancy, Kate] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Sustainable Agr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Hand, MS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-5699-6; 978-0-8032-5485-5 J9 OUR SUSTAIN FUTURE PY 2014 BP 330 EP 345 PG 16 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BC8OY UT WOS:000355949400011 ER PT B AU King, RP Gomez, MI Hand, MS AF King, Robert P. Gomez, Miguel I. Hand, Michael S. BE King, RP Hand, MS Gomez, MI TI A Look to the Future SO GROWING LOCAL: CASE STUDIES ON LOCAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS SE Our Sustainable Future LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [King, Robert P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Gomez, Miguel I.] Cornell Univ, Charles H Dyson Sch Appl Econ & Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hand, Michael S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP King, RP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-5699-6; 978-0-8032-5485-5 J9 OUR SUSTAIN FUTURE PY 2014 BP 346 EP 348 PG 3 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA BC8OY UT WOS:000355949400012 ER PT S AU Afridi, MJ Liu, XM McGrath, JM AF Afridi, Muhammad Jamal Liu, Xiaoming McGrath, J. Mitchell GP IEEE TI An Automated System for Plant-level Disease Rating in Real Fields SO 2014 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PATTERN RECOGNITION (ICPR) SE International Conference on Pattern Recognition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR) CY AUG 24-28, 2014 CL Swedish Soc Automated Image Anal, Stockholm, SWEDEN SP IEEE Comp Soc, IAPR, Linkopings Univ, Lunds Univ, Uppsala Univ, e Sci Collaborat, Swedish Soc Automated Image Anal, Stockhoms Stad, Swedish e Sci Res Ctr, SICK, Autoliv, IBM Res, Int Journal Automat & Comp HO Swedish Soc Automated Image Anal ID CLASSIFICATION AB Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) is the most serious disease in sugar beet plants that significantly reduces the sugar yield throughout the world. Therefore the current focus of the researchers in agricultural domain is to find sugar beet cultivars that are highly resistant to CLS. To measure their resistance, CLS is manually observed and rated in a large variety of sugar beet by different human experts over a period of a few months. Unfortunately, this procedure is laborious and subjective. Therefore, we propose a novel computer vision system, CLS Rater, to automatically and accurately rate CLS of plant images in the real field to the "USDA scale" of 0 to 10. Given a set of plant images captured by a tractor-mounted camera, CLS Rater extracts multiscale superpixels, where in each scale a novel histogram of importances feature representation is proposed to encode both the within-superpixel local and across-superpixel global appearance variations. These features at different superpixel scales are then fused for learning a bagging M5P regressor that estimates the rating for each plant image. We test our system on the field data collected over a period of two months under different day lighting and weather conditions. Experimental results show CLS Rater to be highly consistent with a rating error of 0.65, which demonstrates higher consistency than the rating standard deviation of 1.31 by the human experts. C1 [Afridi, Muhammad Jamal; Liu, Xiaoming] Michigan State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [McGrath, J. Mitchell] ARS, Sugar Beet & Bean Res Unit, USDA, Longmont, CO USA. RP Afridi, MJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM afridimu@msu.edu; liuxm@msu.edu; mitchmcg@msu.edu NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1051-4651 BN 978-1-4799-5208-3 J9 INT C PATT RECOG PY 2014 BP 148 EP 153 DI 10.1109/ICPR.2014.35 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD3KX UT WOS:000359818000024 ER PT B AU Lautze, J de Silva, S Giordano, M Sanford, L AF Lautze, Jonathan de Silva, Sanjiv Giordano, Mark Sanford, Luke BE Lautze, J TI Water Governance SO KEY CONCEPTS IN WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW AND CRITICAL EVALUATION SE Earthscan Water Text LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RESOURCES MANAGEMENT C1 [Lautze, Jonathan] IWMI Southern Africa Off, Pretoria, South Africa. [Lautze, Jonathan] USAID, Pretoria, South Africa. [Lautze, Jonathan] World Bank, Washington, DC USA. [de Silva, Sanjiv; Giordano, Mark] Int Water Management Inst, Colombo, Sri Lanka. [Giordano, Mark] Georgetown Univ, Sch Foreign Serv, Environm & Energy, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Giordano, Mark] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Sanford, Luke] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Sanford, Luke] IWMI Headquarters, Colombo, Sri Lanka. RP Lautze, J (reprint author), IWMI Southern Africa Off, Pretoria, South Africa. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-415-71173-9; 978-1-315-88439-4; 978-0-415-71172-2 J9 EARTHSCAN WATER TEXT PY 2014 BP 25 EP 38 PG 14 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC9OM UT WOS:000356705700005 ER PT B AU Borchelt, RE Nielsen, KH AF Borchelt, Rick E. Nielsen, Kristian H. BE Bucchi, M Trench, B TI Public relations in science Managing the trust portfolio SO ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF PUBLIC COMMUNICATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2ND EDITION SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STRATEGIC RISK COMMUNICATION; E-MAIL; WEB; POLITICS C1 [Borchelt, Rick E.] US DOE, Commun & Publ Affairs, Off Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] US Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] USDA, Sci & Technol Publ Affairs, Washington, DC USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] NASA, Washington, DC USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] Univ Maryland, Bethesda, MD USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Genet & Publ Policy Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] Sci & Technol Publ Affairs Clinton Adm, New York, NY USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sci Commun & Sci Policy, Nashville, TN USA. [Borchelt, Rick E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Nielsen, Kristian H.] Aarhus Univ, Ctr Sci Studies, Hist Sci & Sci Commun, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RP Borchelt, RE (reprint author), US DOE, Commun & Publ Affairs, Off Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-48379-4; 978-0-415-83461-2 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2014 BP 58 EP 69 PG 12 WC Communication; Social Issues SC Communication; Social Issues GA BC9SB UT WOS:000356818300006 ER PT B AU Hughes, SR Qureshi, N AF Hughes, Stephen R. Qureshi, Nasib BE Qureshi, N Hodge, DB Vertes, AA TI Biomass for Biorefining: Resources, Allocation, Utilization, and Policies SO BIOREFINERIES: INTEGRATED BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR LIQUID BIOFUELS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLOSTRIDIUM-ACETOBUTYLICUM; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; BUTANOL; BIOTECHNOLOGY; SYSTEMS C1 [Hughes, Stephen R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Qureshi, Nasib] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Stephen.Hughes@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-444-59504-1; 978-0-444-59498-3 PY 2014 BP 37 EP 58 PG 22 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC8ZY UT WOS:000356183300003 ER PT B AU Qureshi, N Hodge, D Vertes, A AF Qureshi, Nasib Hodge, David Vertes, Alain BE Qureshi, N Hodge, DB Vertes, AA TI Biorefineries Integrated Biochemical Processes for Liquid Biofuels Preface SO BIOREFINERIES: INTEGRATED BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR LIQUID BIOFUELS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Qureshi, Nasib] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Hodge, David] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hodge, David] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hodge, David] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hodge, David] Lulea Univ Technol, Div Chem Engn, S-95187 Lulea, Sweden. [Vertes, Alain] London Business Sch, London NW1 4SA, England. [Vertes, Alain] NxR Biotechnol GmbH, Basel, Switzerland. [Vertes, Alain] Res Inst Innovat Technol Earth, Kyoto, Japan. RP Qureshi, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-444-59504-1; 978-0-444-59498-3 PY 2014 BP XV EP XVI PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC8ZY UT WOS:000356183300001 ER PT B AU Qureshi, N AF Qureshi, Nasib BE Qureshi, N Hodge, DB Vertes, AA TI Integrated Processes for Product Recovery SO BIOREFINERIES: INTEGRATED BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR LIQUID BIOFUELS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SILICONE-RUBBER MEMBRANES; LIQUID-LIQUID-EXTRACTION; CONTINUOUS FERMENTATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CLOSTRIDIUM-ACETOBUTYLICUM; PERVAPORATION SEPARATION; SILICALITE MEMBRANES; ETHANOL FERMENTATION; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; ABE FERMENTATION C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Qureshi, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Nasib.Qureshi@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-444-59504-1; 978-0-444-59498-3 PY 2014 BP 101 EP 118 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC8ZY UT WOS:000356183300006 ER PT B AU Qureshi, N AF Qureshi, Nasib BE Qureshi, N Hodge, DB Vertes, AA TI Integrated Bioprocessing and Simultaneous Product Recovery for Butanol Production SO BIOREFINERIES: INTEGRATED BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR LIQUID BIOFUELS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ETHANOL ABE FERMENTATION; IMMOBILIZED CLOSTRIDIUM-ACETOBUTYLICUM; ISOPROPANOL BATCH FERMENTATION; IN-SITU RECOVERY; EXTRACTIVE FERMENTATION; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; WHEAT-STRAW; SOLVENT PRODUCTION; BED REACTOR; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Qureshi, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Nasib.Qureshi@ars.usda.gov NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-444-59504-1; 978-0-444-59498-3 PY 2014 BP 205 EP 223 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC8ZY UT WOS:000356183300011 ER PT B AU Qureshi, N Singh, V AF Qureshi, Nasib Singh, V. BE Qureshi, N Hodge, DB Vertes, AA TI Process Economics of Renewable Biorefineries: Butanol and Ethanol Production in Integrated Bioprocesses from Lignocellulosics and Other Industrial By-Products SO BIOREFINERIES: INTEGRATED BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES FOR LIQUID BIOFUELS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ABE FERMENTATION PROCESS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; WHEAT-STRAW; CLOSTRIDIUM-BEIJERINCKII; CORN STOVER; RECOVERY; ACETONE; TECHNOLOGIES; HYDROLYSIS C1 [Qureshi, Nasib] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Singh, V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL USA. RP Qureshi, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Nasib.Qureshi@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-444-59504-1; 978-0-444-59498-3 PY 2014 BP 237 EP 254 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC8ZY UT WOS:000356183300013 ER PT S AU Lampinen, B Upadhyaya, S Udompetaikul, V Browne, G Roach, J Metcalf, S Stewart, W Contador, L Negron, C Gomez, IP Beede, B DeBuse, C Doll, D Duncan, R Edstrom, J Elkins, R Fichtner, E Grant, J Hasey, J Holtz, B Kelley, K Krueger, B Niederholzer, F Olson, J AF Lampinen, B. Upadhyaya, S. Udompetaikul, V. Browne, G. Roach, J. Metcalf, S. Stewart, W. Contador, L. Negron, C. Gomez, I. P. Beede, B. DeBuse, C. Doll, D. Duncan, R. Edstrom, J. Elkins, R. Fichtner, E. Grant, J. Hasey, J. Holtz, B. Kelley, K. Krueger, B. Niederholzer, F. Olson, J. BE Theron, K TI A Second Generation Mobile Platform for Assessing Midday Canopy Photosynthetically Active Radiation Interception in Orchard Systems SO X INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATING CANOPY, ROOTSTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems CY DEC 03-06, 2012 CL Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE almond; walnut; PAR interception/yield relationships; light interception; yield; mobile platform ID LIGHT INTERCEPTION AB A second generation mobile platform has been developed and used for measuring midday canopy photosynthetically active radiation interception in orchard systems. The system is equipped with a global positioning satellite (GPS) system and uses 800 photodiodes to measure light in the wavelength of photosynthetically active radiation and is adjustable to row widths of approximately 3 to 11 meters. It operates at speeds of approximately 10 km hr(-1) and data is recorded at 10 Hz on a datalogger. The mobile platform has been used to investigate impacts of variety, pruning, soil fumigation and orchard age on canopy growth and productivity in almond and walnut. In addition, a global positioning satellite equipped harvest trailer allows comparison of spatial variability in photosynthetically active radiation interception and yield. The mobile platform can also be used to assess productivity of a given orchard relative to others of the same age and/or canopy cover. This system provides the opportunity to separate out the effects of tree growth from effects of production efficiency (productivity per unit canopy). In particular, a new variety can be evaluated as to whether it is more productive per unit canopy, or simply grows faster, with the latter case suggesting that productivity when the orchard reaches full canopy cover may not be increased. Although the mobile platform has primarily been used in almond and walnut orchards, data has also been collected in hazelnut, olive, peach, pear, pistachio and prune orchards. C1 [Lampinen, B.; Metcalf, S.; Stewart, W.; Contador, L.; Negron, C.; Gomez, I. P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Upadhyaya, S.; Udompetaikul, V.; Roach, J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Browne, G.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Beede, B.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens UCCE Kings Cty, Hanford, CA 93230 USA. [DeBuse, C.] USDA Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Fruit & Nut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Doll, D.] UCCE Merced Cty, Merced, CA 95341 USA. [Duncan, R.; Kelley, K.] UCCE Stanislaus Cty, Modesto, CA 95358 USA. [Edstrom, J.] UCCE Colusa Cty, Colusa, CA 95932 USA. [Elkins, R.] UCCE Lake Cty, Lakeport, CA 95453 USA. [Fichtner, E.] UCCE Tulare Cty, Tulare, CA 93274 USA. [Grant, J.; Holtz, B.] UCCE San Joaquin Cty, Stockton, CA 95206 USA. [Hasey, J.; Niederholzer, F.] UCCE Sutter Yuba Counties, Yuba City, CA 95991 USA. [Krueger, B.] UCCE Glenn Cty, Orland, CA 95963 USA. [Olson, J.] Oregon State Univ, Extens Serv, Mcminnville, OR 97128 USA. RP Lampinen, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bdlampinen@ucdavis.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-48-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1058 BP 105 EP 112 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1ID UT WOS:000358040500010 ER PT S AU Maguylo, K Bassett, C AF Maguylo, K. Bassett, C. BE Theron, K TI Phenotyping M. sieversii Collections from Kazakhstan for Leaf Traits and Tree Architecture SO X INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATING CANOPY, ROOTSTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems CY DEC 03-06, 2012 CL Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE apple; drought tolerance; water use efficiency (WUE); stomatal size and number; delta C-13 ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; PLANT PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS; DIFFERING SELECTION; MALUS-SIEVERSII; PRODUCTIVITY; DROUGHT AB Ecotypes are useful sources of rapid adaptation to new environments. Recent collections, of the wild apple (M. sieversii) from Kazakhstan maintained in Geneva, New York, have made available populations from twelve sites in Kazakhstan representing radically different environments. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis of 'subpopulations' from these sites indicates a high degree of diversity, with different sets of genes predominating at individual sites. Since several geographically distinct sites report minimal annual rainfall (250-400 mm/yr), populations surviving at these sites may contain genetic changes related to enhanced water use efficiency and/or drought resistance. These traits are composed of a complicated network of morphological and biochemical factors, all under genetic control. We measured several common traits related to drought resistance (leaf area, stomata length and density, and tree architecture) or water use efficiency (delta C-13). We report that leaf morphological traits and branch architectural traits are significantly different among ecotypes. In addition, water use efficient individuals from the same populations could be distinguished based on their ability to discriminate against C-13. C1 [Maguylo, K.] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bassett, C.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Maguylo, K (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-48-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1058 BP 335 EP 341 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1ID UT WOS:000358040500040 ER PT S AU Mayer, NA Reighard, G Bridges, W Glenn, DM AF Mayer, N. A. Reighard, G. Bridges, W. Glenn, D. M. BE Theron, K TI Prunus Rootstocks Influence Stem Water Potential, C/N Ratio and Shoot Ash Content in Peach SO X INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATING CANOPY, ROOTSTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems CY DEC 03-06, 2012 CL Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE plant physiology; Scholander pressure bomb; carbon; nitrogen ID CROP LOAD; STRESS; PERSICA; GROWTH; TREES AB Many peach rootstocks have been released in recent years with limited information about their physiological effects on scion vigor and productivity. In this study, two trials were established with 'Redhaven' on 9 (planted 2006) and 18 (planted 2009) rootstock cultivars at the Musser Fruit Research Center, Seneca, South Carolina. A stem water potential (SWp) curve was developed with a Scholander pressure bomb on a single day similar to 6 weeks after harvest (August, 2011) with hourly evaluations between 5 am and 8 pm on a 'Redhaven'/Lovell tree. For each trial, SWp readings were done before dawn and in the afternoon (similar to 4 pm). The maximum negative SWp occurred at similar to 4 pm. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and ash content analyses were done on 1-year-old shoots at the beginning of dormancy in November, 2011. Rootstocks influenced all variables studied in both trials. Trees that were more stressed (high negative SWp) before dawn were also more stressed in the afternoon (i.e., rootstocks Prunus munsoniana and Empyrean (R) 3). A similar pattern was observed for those trees/rootstocks with less negative SWp (i.e, Prunus americana, Fortuna and KV010127) in the predawn hours as they also remained less negative in the afternoon. There was no correlation between SWp and C, N, C/N ratio or shoot ash content. There were negative correlations between C/N ratio and ash content and the N and C/N ratio. There was a positive correlation between N and ash content. These data suggested that SWp was not a reliable method to predict C, N or ash content accumulation in 1-year-old peach shoots from trees grown on many different rootstock genotypes. C1 [Mayer, N. A.] Embrapa Clima Temperado, BR-96010971 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Reighard, G.] Clemson Univ, Dept Hort, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Bridges, W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Glenn, D. M.] ARS, USDA, AFRS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Mayer, NA (reprint author), Embrapa Clima Temperado, BR 392,Km 78,Caixa Postal 403, BR-96010971 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. EM alex.mayer@embrapa.br; grghrd@clemson.edu; wbrdgs@clemson.edu; Michael.Glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-48-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1058 BP 365 EP 373 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1ID UT WOS:000358040500044 ER PT S AU Fazio, G AF Fazio, G. BE Theron, K TI Breeding Apple Rootstocks in the Twenty-First Century - What Can We Expect Them to Do to Increase Productivity in the Orchard? SO X INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATING CANOPY, ROOTSTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems CY DEC 03-06, 2012 CL Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE apple rootstocks; breeding; nutrient uptake; germplasm; gene expression ID GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; TREE SCIONS; MALUS; RESISTANCE; TRAITS AB Rootstocks are the foundation of a healthy and productive orchard. As such, the choice of a rootstock can influence the productivity and profitability of an orchard in a very significant way. Rootstock performance is highly correlated with the genetic potential of such rootstock to provide anchorage, explore the soil profile, absorb and transfer nutrients to the scion, adapt to pedo-climatic conditions, tolerate extreme weather events, resist or cope with pathogens, propagate efficiently and impart positive architectural properties to the scion - like vigor control and precocity. The inheritance and control of all these desirable characters is complex, making breeding (the action of combining high performance traits in same rootstock) quite challenging. Recent advances in genomic technologies are allowing more efficient, and informed ways of selecting new rootstocks during the breeding process. Furthermore, breaking down complex traits like tree vigor into component traits (hormonal transport, nutrient uptake and transport, root architecture, water use efficiency) and further characterization of the inheritance of these component traits can simplify the understanding of complex traits and improve the breeding process and outcome. In the Geneva (R) breeding program we have been studying root architecture, nutrient uptake and translocation, and inheritance of gene expression to better characterize breeding populations and select parents and seedlings for the next generation of apple rootstocks. We present data relating to these traits and how they are associated with good performance of released and elite stage apple rootstocks. C1 ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Fazio, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-48-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1058 BP 421 EP 428 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1ID UT WOS:000358040500051 ER PT S AU Fazio, G Chao, CT Forsline, PL Richards, C Volk, G AF Fazio, G. Chao, C. T. Forsline, P. L. Richards, C. Volk, G. BE Theron, K TI Tree and Root Architecture of Malus sieversii Seedlings for Rootstock Breeding SO X INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATING CANOPY, ROOTSTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems CY DEC 03-06, 2012 CL Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE apple rootstocks; Malus sieversii; tree architecture ID WILD APPLE; RESISTANCE AB The foundation of a successful apple orchard is in large part the rootstock used to establish the trees in that orchard. Apple rootstocks can impart several important architectural tree characters to the scion, among which are reduction in tree size and early production of flowers/fruit. It is probable that similar root-mediated characteristics exist in natural ancestral apple populations such as Malus sieversii, a species known to have traits associated with tolerance to several biotic and abiotic stresses. We sought to understand the genetic determinism of tree architecture of M. sieversii seedlings by measuring several scion and root architecture characters on a total of 1,180 high resolution images of dormant 1-year-old trees. These images were analyzed to ascertain number of growing points (tips), tree volume and total length of branch canopy, flat branching, presence of spines, root mass, number of primary roots, and number of thick roots. Analysis of means revealed significant inherited differences for several traits related to tree and root architecture, especially for flat branching, presence of spines, number of primary roots and root mass. Such differences were also detected among sites of origin of the mother trees. We have used this data to select parents for a new generation of rootstocks that will be evaluated in years to come. C1 [Fazio, G.; Chao, C. T.; Forsline, P. L.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Richards, C.; Volk, G.] ARS, USDA, Plant Germplasm Preservat Res Unit, Natl Ctr Genet Resources, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Fazio, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-48-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1058 BP 585 EP 594 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1ID UT WOS:000358040500075 ER PT S AU Robinson, TL Fazio, G Aldwinckle, HS AF Robinson, T. L. Fazio, G. Aldwinckle, H. S. BE Theron, K TI Characteristics and Performance of Four New Apple Rootstocks from the Cornell-USDA Apple Rootstock Breeding Program SO X INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATING CANOPY, ROOTSTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN ORCHARD SYSTEMS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems CY DEC 03-06, 2012 CL Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Malus x domestica; trunk cross-sectional area; yield; yield efficiency; biennial bearing ID RESISTANCE; TRIALS; GENEVA AB In 2010, the Cornell-USDA apple rootstock breeding program at Geneva, NY released 4 new apple rootstocks (Geneva (R) 210, Geneva (R) 214, Geneva (R) 890 and Geneva (R) 969). G.210 is a semi-dwarfing rootstock with vigor similar to M.7, with high productivity similar to M.9 and resistance to fire blight, Phytophthora root rot, and woolly apple aphid. It has also shown tolerance to apple replant disease in field trials in New York and Washington. It is not free standing and requires a trellis for supporting the trees, which can lean under wet soils conditions. G.214 a fully dwarfing rootstock with vigor similar to M.9 with very high productivity and resistance to fire blight, Phytophthora root rot, and woolly apple aphid. It is easy to propagate in stoolbeds has shown tolerance to apple replant disease in field trials in New York and Washington. It is not free standing and requires a trellis. G.890 is a semi-dwarf rootstock with vigor similar to MM.111. It has high productivity (similar to M.26) and resistance to fire blight, Phytophthora root rot, and woolly apple aphid. It is easy to propagate in stoolbeds and is free standing in the orchard. G.969 is a semi-dwarfing rootstock with vigor similar to M.26 with very high productivity and resistance to fire blight, Phytophthora root rot, and woolly apple aphid. It is easy to propagate in stoolbeds. It is free standing in the orchard. C1 [Robinson, T. L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Fazio, G.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Aldwinckle, H. S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Robinson, TL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-48-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1058 BP 651 EP 656 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BD1ID UT WOS:000358040500085 ER PT J AU Ghimire, R Green, GT Poudyal, NC Cordel, HK AF Ghimire, Ramesh Green, Gary T. Poudyal, Neelam C. Cordel, H. Ken TI Do outdoor recreation participants place their lands in conservation easements? SO NATURE CONSERVATION-BULGARIA LA English DT Article DE Conservation easement; environmental concerns or awareness; natural resources; open space; outdoor recreation participation ID DUNLAP-HEFFERNAN THESIS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN; CONSUMER-BEHAVIOR; PRESERVATION; DETERMINANTS; ATTITUDES; GENDER AB It has been posited that participation in outdoor recreation activities increases awareness of environmental issues and support for environmental conservation. Studies have shown that different outdoor recreationists may have different environmental orientations. For example, because of their utility orientation toward land, consumptive recreationists may be less likely than non-consumptive recreationists to protect their land from development. Hence, using a United States household survey, this paper examines whether people participating in consumptive outdoor recreation activities differ from those who participate in non-consumptive recreation in their willingness to place their lands into conservation easements. Results indicate people who participate in land-based consumptive recreation are less likely to place their lands in conservation easements than people who participate in land-based non-consumptive recreation. C1 [Ghimire, Ramesh; Green, Gary T.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Poudyal, Neelam C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Cordel, H. Ken] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Ghimire, R (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM ghimire@uga.edu NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-6947 EI 1314-3301 J9 NAT CONSERV-BULGARIA JI Nat. Conserv.-Bulgaria PY 2014 IS 9 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.3897/natureconservation.9.7981 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CM6GH UT WOS:000357785700001 ER PT B AU Livingston, D AF Livingston, David BE Benkeblia, N TI Polysaccharides Natural Fibers in Food and Nutrition Foreword SO POLYSACCHARIDES: NATURAL FIBERS IN FOOD AND NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Livingston, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7182-2; 978-1-4665-7181-5 PY 2014 BP IX EP X D2 10.1201/b17121 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BD1NQ UT WOS:000358168700001 ER PT S AU Wang, SY AF Wang, S. Y. BE Zhang, Y Maas, J TI Antioxidants and Health Benefits of Strawberries SO VII INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Strawberry Symposium CY FEB 18-22, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE strawberries; antioxidants; anticancer; health benefits ID NF-KAPPA-B; FRAGARIA-X-ANANASSA; INDUCED ESOPHAGEAL TUMORIGENESIS; NATURAL ACYLATED ANTHOCYANINS; GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY-ACTION; DIETARY FLAVONOL QUERCETIN; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HUMAN CANCER-CELLS; ELLAGIC ACID; ACTIVATOR PROTEIN-1 AB Strawberries are a good source of natural antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes which provide protection against harmful free radicals and play an important role in protecting human health. Free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated as by-products of normal metabolism and under stressful conditions. Increased levels of these free radicals or ROS could create oxidative stress, which leads to a variety of biochemical and physiological injuries and often results in impairment of metabolism, and eventually cell death. Successful prevention of ROS activities will be the key to controlling morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases. Therefore, eating more fruits and vegetables including strawberries has been associated with lower incidence and mortality rates of cancer, heart disease and a number of other human diseases. We have found that strawberry fruit extracts (SFE) exhibit chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities. They significantly inhibited activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor-KappaB (NF-kappa B), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling induced by UV or 12-O-tetradecanolyphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Furthermore, SFEs inhibited TPA-induced neoplastic transformation in JB6 cells. SFEs specifically induced apoptosis of cancerous HL-60 cells, but had no effect on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. SFEs also inhibited proliferation of A549 cells, a human lung cancer cell line with little cytotoxicity to normal tissue. These results suggest that the chemopreventive effects of strawberries may be through their antioxidant properties by blocking ROS-mediated AP-1, NF- kappa B, and MAPK activation. Many factors could affect antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant activity in strawberries, such as genotype variation and maturity, pre-harvest conditions, culture practices, postharvest handling, storage and processing. Optimizing these antioxidant systems in strawberries will be helpful for improving human health. C1 ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, SY (reprint author), ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 96 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-37-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1049 BP 49 EP 62 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SK UT WOS:000357650200001 ER PT S AU Hummer, KE Nathewet, P Davis, T AF Hummer, K. E. Nathewet, P. Davis, T. BE Zhang, Y Maas, J TI Unusual Polyploidy in Wild Strawberry Species SO VII INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Strawberry Symposium CY FEB 18-22, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Fragaria; genetic resources; germplasm; diploid; octoploid; decaploid ID FRAGARIA-ITURUPENSIS; VESCA HYBRIDS; ROSACEAE; EVOLUTION; FLOW AB The strawberry genus Fragaria L. (Rosaceae) has a base chromosome number of x = 7 with economically important diploid (F. vesca L.), hexaploid (F. moschata Weston), octoploid (F. xananassa Duchesne ex Rozier) cultivars, and artificially developed decaploids (F. xvescana Rud. Bauer & A. Bauer). Since early in the 18th century, when American strawberries were first introduced into Europe, ploidy differences were recognized as a significant crossing barrier. During the past several decades, breeders have strategically expanded their parental reference material by incorporating selected wild species to reconstruct the cultivated F. xananassa gene pool. While typical ploidies have been reported for the recognized species, collections from the wild are revealing unexpected cytotypes. The occurrence of unreduced gametes in many Fragaria species is not infrequent. Considering evolutionary time, the opportunity for the hybridization of sympatric Fragaria species, despite widely disparate ploidy levels, is not trivial. This paper reviews previous reports of wild triploid, pentaploid, hexaploid and eneaploid cytotypes from California and a new account of decaploid cytotypes from Oregon, where sympatric diploid and octoploid Fragaria species occur. Breeders should be aware of unexpected ploidy levels in potential parental resources, use of which could reduce fecundity in subsequent selection generations. Researchers should consider the potential interbreeding between sympatric species, regardless of ploidy, prior to determining subspecific or forma designations. The identification of multiple wild decaploid sources could establish foundation germplasm for a new class of cultivated strawberries. C1 [Hummer, K. E.] ARS, USDA, NCGR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Nathewet, P.] Maejo Univ, Fac Agr Prod, Dept Hort, Div Vegetable Technol, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand. [Davis, T.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov; pdngw@hotmail.com; tom.davis@unh.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-37-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1049 BP 113 EP 123 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SK UT WOS:000357650200009 ER PT S AU Maas, JL AF Maas, J. L. BE Zhang, Y Maas, J TI Strawberry Diseases and Pests - Progress and Problems SO VII INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Strawberry Symposium CY FEB 18-22, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Macrophomina phaseolina; Fusarium oxysporum; Xanthomonas fragariae; Colletotrichum species; phytoplasma; virus; challenges for the future ID ANTHRACNOSE CROWN ROT; FRAGARIA-X-ANANASSA; ANGULAR LEAF-SPOT; COLLETOTRICHUM-ACUTATUM; XANTHOMONAS-FRAGARIAE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; SURVIVAL; PHYTOPLASMA AB Strawberry disease diagnosis, pathogen identification, and disease control have progressed a great deal since 1988, the year of the First International Strawberry Symposium. I am gratified to see such progress in the ISHS Strawberry Symposium series. Pathologists have progressed from disease diagnosis based on plant symptoms, morphological examination of pathogens on selective and nonselective media, heavy dependence on fungicides and soil fumigation to accurate molecular means of identification, Integrated Pest Management, loss of pesticides, increased emphasis on plant resistance, and alternative biological methods of disease management. However, the development of new cultivars and cultural systems, increased regulations for pesticide use, and labor concerns have contributed to increased incidences of "new" old fungal diseases, insect virus vectors, phytoplasmas and viruses affecting strawberry production. The integration of host-plant genetic studies and pathogen studies should be intensified for optimum strawberry production. There is a need to develop coordinated programs and develop long-term funding for cooperative programs to achieve the end products of healthy, disease-free plants and maximum fruit production. New or lesser known diseases and pests will become more important as cultivars and cultural systems change and as chemical controls become either less economically beneficial or reduced by governmental regulations and funding for research becomes more difficult to support long-term programs. C1 [Maas, J. L.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Maas, J. L.] North Amer Strawberry Growers Assoc Inc, Berkeley Springs, WV 25411 USA. RP Maas, JL (reprint author), North Amer Strawberry Growers Assoc Inc, Berkeley Springs, WV 25411 USA. EM willowsend@earthlink.net NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-37-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1049 BP 133 EP 142 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SK UT WOS:000357650200011 ER PT S AU Mathey, MM Mookerjee, S Mahoney, L Finn, CE Hancock, JF Serce, S Davis, T Stewart, P Whitaker, VM Jamieson, AR Bassil, NV Amaya, I Denoyes, B Hummer, KE Sargent, D van de Weg, E Iezzoni, A AF Mathey, M. M. Mookerjee, S. Mahoney, L. Finn, C. E. Hancock, J. F. Serce, S. Davis, T. Stewart, P. Whitaker, V. M. Jamieson, A. R. Bassil, N. V. Amaya, I. Denoyes, B. Hummer, K. E. Sargent, D. van de Weg, E. Iezzoni, A. BE Zhang, Y Maas, J TI Using General and Specific Combining Ability to Further Advance Strawberry (Fragaria sp.) Breeding SO VII INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Strawberry Symposium CY FEB 18-22, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE RosBREED; Rosaceae; marker assisted breeding; remontancy ID DAY-NEUTRALITY; INHERITANCE; PHOTOPERIOD AB Strawberry is one of the five fruit crops included in the USDA-funded multi-institutional and trans-disciplinary project, "RosBREED: Enabling Marker-Assisted Breeding in Rosaceae". A Crop Reference Set (CRS) was developed of 900 genotypes and seedlings from 40 crosses representing the breadth of relevant diversity and encompassing founders used in breeding the domesticated strawberry. Individual native species and cultivar genotypes were included along with 10 progeny from 36 of the crosses of genotypes representing eastern and western North American and European short day and remontant cultivars. This CRS has been phenotyped in five U.S. states. Over 14 fruit quality traits have been studied, as well as remontancy, truss size, peduncle length, crop estimate, plant architecture, and disease resistance. The phenotyping conducted in the first growing season showed considerable variability amongst the genotypes and the locations for all of the characteristics. General and specific combining ability variance components were determined from the populations in order to provide breeders with guidance on the most effective breeding strategies for incorporating the superior traits from this germplasm into their programs. C1 [Mathey, M. M.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mookerjee, S.; Hancock, J. F.; Iezzoni, A.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mahoney, L.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Finn, C. E.] USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR USA. [Serce, S.] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Ankara, Turkey. [Stewart, P.] Driscoll Strawberry Assoc, Watsonville, CA USA. [Whitaker, V. M.] Univ Florida, GCREC, Wimauma, FL USA. [Jamieson, A. R.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Kentville, NS, Canada. [Bassil, N. V.; Hummer, K. E.] USDA ARS, NCGR, Corvallis, OR USA. [Amaya, I.] IFAPA, Malaga, Spain. [Denoyes, B.] INRA UR, Cillenave Dornon, France. [Sargent, D.] IASMA, San Michele All Adige, Italy. [van de Weg, E.] Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Mathey, MM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Amaya, Iraida/C-3709-2016 OI Amaya, Iraida/0000-0002-4612-8902 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-37-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1049 BP 193 EP 200 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SK UT WOS:000357650200019 ER PT S AU Njuguna, W Denoyes, B Horvath, A Hummer, KE Bassil, NV AF Njuguna, W. Denoyes, B. Horvath, A. Hummer, K. E. Bassil, N. V. BE Zhang, Y Maas, J TI Species Identification and Diversity in Fragaria L. Using Nuclear Regions and Universal Chloroplast SSRs SO VII INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Strawberry Symposium CY FEB 18-22, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE universal chloroplast markers; DHAR; Fragaria; strawberry; haplotypes ID SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS; MICROSATELLITES; POLYMORPHISMS; GENOMES; ARRAY; TAXA AB The US National Fragaria collection at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) is dynamic through the discovery and collection of new acquisitions and new characteristics that delineate existing species. Previous research using standard Fragaria chloroplast genome regions exhibited limited variation and was unsuccessful at distinguishing between species. The objective of this study was to examine universal chloroplast simple sequence repeats SSRs (cpSSRs) to evaluate diversity in Fragaria species. Four universal cpSSRs (ccmp2, ccmp5, ccmp6, and ccmp7) generated 28 Fragaria haplotypes in ninety four accessions representing 20 Fragaria taxa. Taxa-specific haplotypes were identified for F. nipponica, F. orientalis, F. iinumae and F. nilgerrensis. An octoploid-specific haplotype was observed in cultivated F. xananassa, F. chiloensis and F. virginiana supporting their close relationship. Genetic diversity using only four universal SSR markers was moderate (0.54, on average) despite the observed homoplasy. Species-specific dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and granule-bound starch synthase (GBSSI-2) gene sequences were also evaluated to identify diploid strawberry species. Marker results and future needs for additional Fragaria-specific primers that may more accurately identify the chloroplast diversity in Fragaria will be discussed. C1 [Njuguna, W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Denoyes, B.; Horvath, A.] INRA, UR UREF 419, Villenave Dornon, France. [Hummer, K. E.; Bassil, N. V.] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Njuguna, W (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, ALS 4017, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-37-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1049 BP 335 EP 342 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SK UT WOS:000357650200044 ER PT S AU Tzanetakis, IE Martin, RR AF Tzanetakis, I. E. Martin, R. R. BE Zhang, Y Maas, J TI Incidence of Major Strawberry Viruses in North America SO VII INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Strawberry Symposium CY FEB 18-22, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE detection; RT-PCR; ELISA ID FRAGARIA-CHILOENSIS; IDENTIFICATION; ILARVIRUS; DISEASE AB In the last decade there has been a coordinated effort to develop detection protocols for all strawberry viruses. This effort has yielded sensitive protocols for all major strawberry virus groups including those transmitted by aphids, whiteflies and pollen. Those tests where employed to determine the presence of strawberry viruses in major production areas of North America. The viruses evaluated were: Strawberry Crinkle, Mottle, Mild yellow edge, Vein banding, Chlorotic fleck, Pallidosis, Necrotic shock, Fragaria chiloensis latent, Apple mosaic and Beet-pseudo yellows. The aphid-borne viruses were predominant in the Pacific Northwest (Oregon, Washington and British Columbia) whereas the whitefly transmitted viruses were prevalent in California, the Midwest (including Ontario) and Northeast (northeastern U.S. and southeastern Canada). The incidence of pollen-borne viruses is low in most areas with Necrotic shock being the most prevalent virus of the group. These results indicate that there are hotspots for individual virus groups that normally coincide with the presence of the vectors although there are exceptions, such as that of the whitefly-transmitted viruses in the Northeast, indicating that some of the viruses may be moving though the propagation material. C1 [Tzanetakis, I. E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Martin, R. R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Tzanetakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-37-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1049 BP 595 EP 598 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SK UT WOS:000357650200091 ER PT S AU Gao, SD Qin, RJ Ajwa, HS Fennimore, ST AF Gao, S. D. Qin, R. J. Ajwa, H. S. Fennimore, S. T. BE Zhang, Y Maas, J TI Low Permeability Tarp to Improve Soil Fumigation Efficiency for Strawberry Production in California, USA SO VII INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Strawberry Symposium CY FEB 18-22, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE alternatives to methyl bromide; shank injection; drip fumigation; volatile organic compounds; virtually impermeable film; totally impermeable film; concentration-time index ID FUMIGANTS AB California faces great challenges in sustainable strawberry production because the industry relies heavily on soil fumigants to control soil-borne pests, and more stringent regulations are being developed on fumigant use. Four field trials were used to investigate the potential of using low permeability tarp (e.g., virtually impermeable film or VIF, and totally impermeable film or TIF) to improve pest control efficiency and fumigant persistence and distribution in soil. Results from earlier field trials on VIF, which has a different structure than TIF, did not conclusively demonstrate improved weed control and strawberry yield than a standard tarp. The recent field trials using TIF indicate clearly that at the same application rate, TIF significantly increased fumigant concentrations under the tarp and in the soil thus resulting in much higher concentration-time exposure index values than for a standard tarp. The TIF further improved the uniformity of fumigant distribution in soil. All the data suggest that with TIF, reduced rates (e.g., half of the rate normally used with standard plastic tarp) can be used to achieve good efficacy. Furthermore, the increase in the application rate of fumigants slowed down the degradation rate more significantly on chloropicrin compared to 1,3-dichloropropene. Thus, using a reduced rate under TIF is also necessary because of the increased fumigant persistency in soil in order to prevent a surge of emissions during tarp-cutting to protect workers and bystanders, and to avoid extended tarp cover duration that may affect planting time. This research has contributed to providing a long term solution for sustainable strawberry production through the use of low permeability tarp in soil fumigation that can result in less chemical input, higher fumigant efficiency, and more environmentally sound practices. C1 [Gao, S. D.; Qin, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Qin, R. J.; Ajwa, H. S.; Fennimore, S. T.] Univ Calif Davis, Salinas, CA USA. RP Gao, SD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-37-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1049 BP 707 EP 714 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SK UT WOS:000357650200109 ER PT S AU Zelasco, S Salimonti, A Baldoni, L Mariotti, R Preece, JE Aradhya, M Koehmstedt, AM AF Zelasco, S. Salimonti, A. Baldoni, L. Mariotti, R. Preece, J. E. Aradhya, M. Koehmstedt, A. M. BE Serman, FV Searles, P Torres, M TI Efficiency of SSR Markers for Exploring Olive Germplasm Diversity through a Genetic Comparison between the USDA-NCGR and the CRA-OLI Olive Collections SO VII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON OLIVE GROWING SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Olive Growing CY SEP 25-29, 2012 CL San Juan, ARGENTINA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Olea europaea L.; SSR; collection; allele assignment ID OLEA-EUROPAEA L.; IDENTIFICATION; CULTIVARS AB The national olive collection at the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA (NCGR-Davis) contains a number of accessions with uncertain origin. In order to determine their genetic identification, a genotypic comparison was made with the Mediterranean cultivars of the Italian national collection at the Agricultural Research Council - Research Centre for Olive Growing and Olive Oil Industry (CRA-OLI) and with data available at CNR - Institute of Plant Genetics (CNR-IGV). This study was conducted using seven SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers. At present, SSR markers represent the most useful molecular tools to characterize olive cultivars, because of their high polymorphism, uniform distribution across the genome, co-dominant inheritance and the availability of a common set of loci with reference alleles. However, most SSR markers isolated from olive, with a di-nucleotide repeated motif, can still easily lead to misinterpretations in allele assignment. SSR data produced from both collections were compared and standardized using previous reference data. Highly comparable molecular profiles were obtained. A preliminary identification of the NCGR olive collection is described herein. C1 [Zelasco, S.; Salimonti, A.] Agr Res Council, Res Ctr Olive Growing & Olive Oil Ind, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. [Baldoni, L.; Mariotti, R.] CNR, Inst Plant Genet, I-06128 Perugia, Italy. [Preece, J. E.; Aradhya, M.; Koehmstedt, A. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zelasco, S (reprint author), Agr Res Council, Res Ctr Olive Growing & Olive Oil Ind, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. RI Baldoni, Luciana/A-4411-2016; OI Baldoni, Luciana/0000-0002-3221-333X; Mariotti, Roberto/0000-0002-9111-5123; BALDONI, LUCIANA/0000-0002-6636-0055 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-47-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1057 BP 585 EP 592 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0UU UT WOS:000357732500075 ER PT S AU Hasey, K Kluepfel, DA Anderson, KK AF Hasey, K. Kluepfel, D. A. Anderson, K. K. BE Tian, J TI Crown Gall Incidence and Severity: Seedling Walnut Rootstock versus Clonally Propagated Rootstock SO VII INTERNATIONAL WALNUT SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Walnut Symposium CY JUL 20-23, 2013 CL Taiyuan, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Juglans hindsii x Juglans regia; clonal Paradox; Paradox; own-rooted English walnut; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; micropropagated ID TREES AB Seedling hybrid Paradox (Juglans hindsii x Juglans regia) has been the rootstock of choice for English walnut farming in California because of its vigor and greater tolerance to wet soil conditions. Unfortunately, Paradox is susceptible to crown gall, a disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Micropropagation is a potential technology to manage crown gall incidence. In California, micropropagated own-rooted English walnut trees became commercially available in 1999 and were planted as a strategy to manage blackline disease. Micropropagated clonal Paradox rootstocks also became available at about the same time. In 2000, a walnut rootstock experiment was planted in Stanislaus County, California comparing seven treatments; six rootstocks grafted to the 'Vina' cultivar in 2001 and one own-rooted 'Vina' that was not grafted. The design was a randomized complete block with eight trees per plot and four replicates. In 2007 and in 2012, field surveys were conducted to determine crown gall incidence. Crown gall incidence was determined visually by scoring the presence or absence of tumors at the ground level. In 2007, both seedling rootstocks had significantly more crown gall compared to the clonal Paradox 'Vlach' and own-rooted English trees. In 2012, both seedling rootstocks exhibited significantly more crown gall compared to all the clonally propagated rootstocks 'Vlach' had a 16% increase in the number of galled trees over the 5-year period. In 2012 crown gall severity also was assessed. Galled trees of seedling Paradox averaged 51.5% circumference affected by tumors compared to 29.6% for 'Vlach' and 17.3% for own-rooted English trees. Micropropagated clonal rootstocks exhibited significantly lower crown gall ratings than seedling rootstocks at 7 and 12 years post-plant. C1 [Hasey, K.] Univ Calif, Cooperat Extens, Yuba City, CA 95993 USA. [Kluepfel, D. A.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA USA. [Anderson, K. K.] Univ Calif, Cooperat Extens, Modesto, CA USA. RP Hasey, K (reprint author), Univ Calif, Cooperat Extens, Yuba City, CA 95993 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-38-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1050 BP 305 EP 308 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SL UT WOS:000357656500041 ER PT S AU Hatfield, JL AF Hatfield, Jerry L. BE Songstad, DD Hatfield, JL Tomes, DT TI Soil Degradation, Land Use, and Sustainability SO CONVERGENCE OF FOOD SECURITY, ENERGY SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE SE Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NO-TILL CORN; LONG-TERM TILLAGE; CLAY LOAM SOIL; ORGANIC-MATTER; CROPPING SYSTEMS; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; RESIDUE REMOVAL; SOUTHERN BRAZIL; QUALITY C1 USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0934-943X BN 978-3-642-55262-5; 978-3-642-55261-8 J9 BIOTECH AGR FOREST JI Biotechnol. Agric. For. PY 2014 VL 67 BP 61 EP 74 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-55262-5_4 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-55262-5 PG 14 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BD0YO UT WOS:000357857200006 ER PT B AU Sudduth, KA Kim, HJ Motavalli, PP AF Sudduth, Kenneth A. Kim, Hak-Jin Motavalli, Peter P. BE Moretto, LM Kalcher, K TI Soil SO ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS AND BIOSENSORS: FUNDAMENTALS, VOL 1 SE Nanostructure Science and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE; APPARENT ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS; PHOSPHATE-SENSITIVE ELECTRODE; ANODIC-STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; NITRATE MONITORING-SYSTEM; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; ORGANIC-MATTER; IN-SITU; ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS C1 [Sudduth, Kenneth A.] ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, USDA, Columbia, MO 65202 USA. [Kim, Hak-Jin] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst & Biomat Sci & Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Motavalli, Peter P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO USA. RP Sudduth, KA (reprint author), ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, USDA, Columbia, MO 65202 USA. EM Ken.Sudduth@ars.usda.gov NR 164 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4939-0676-5; 978-1-4939-0675-8 J9 NANOSTRUCT SCI TECHN PY 2014 BP 23 EP 61 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0676-5_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0676-5 PG 39 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA BD0UI UT WOS:000357718500004 ER PT S AU Levin, E Sela, N Raphael, G Feygenberg, O Droby, S Wisniewski, M AF Levin, E. Sela, N. Raphael, G. Feygenberg, O. Droby, S. Wisniewski, M. BE Wisniewski, M Droby, S KinayTeksur, P TI Molecular Interactions between the Biocontrol Agent Metschnikowia fructicola and Citrus Fruit Tissue and Penicillium digitatum SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR POSTHARVEST DISEASE MANAGEMENT SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Discovery and Development of Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management CY APR 18-MAY 02, 2013 CL Kusadasi, TURKEY SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE mechanism of action; postharvest biocontrol; RNA-seq; microarray; ROS ID RNA-SEQ DATA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; POSTHARVEST DISEASES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; REFERENCE GENOME; TOOL; YEAST; RESISTANCE; INFECTION; PATHWAYS AB To gain better understanding of the molecular interactions between the yeast biocontrol agent Metschnikowia fructicola and citrus fruit and Penicillium digitatum, microarray analysis was performed on grapefruit surface wounds using an Affymetrix Citrus GeneChip in concert with transcriptomic analysis, using RNA-Seq technology. The data indicated that yeast application induced, among others, the expression of the genes encoding respiratory burst oxidase (Rbo), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL). In contrast, three genes, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were down-regulated in grapefruit peel tissue treated with yeast cells. Moreover, suppression was correlated with significantly higher levels of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical production in yeast-treated surface wounds. Interestingly, large amounts of hydrogen peroxide were detected inside yeast cells recovered from wounded fruit tissue, indicating the ability of the yeast to activate reactive oxygen species when it is in contact with plant tissue. In the antagonist-pathogen interaction, genes related to transmembrane, multidrug transport and to amino acid metabolism were induced. In the antagonist-fruit interaction, expression of genes involved in oxidative stress, iron homeostasis, zinc homeostasis, and lipid metabolism were induced. This study provides the first global picture of gene expression changes in grapefruit in response to the yeast antagonist M. fructicola. C1 [Levin, E.; Sela, N.; Raphael, G.; Feygenberg, O.; Droby, S.] ARO, Dept Postharvest Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Wisniewski, M.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Levin, E (reprint author), ARO, Dept Postharvest Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-44-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1053 BP 37 EP 45 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SO UT WOS:000357661900002 ER PT S AU Kurtzman, CP AF Kurtzman, C. P. BE Wisniewski, M Droby, S KinayTeksur, P TI The Use of Yeast Genetic Diversity for Agricultural and Biotechnological Applications SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR POSTHARVEST DISEASE MANAGEMENT SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Discovery and Development of Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management CY APR 18-MAY 02, 2013 CL Kusadasi, TURKEY SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE biocontrol yeasts; molecular identification; phylogenetic analysis; prediction of microbial properties ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; LARGE-SUBUNIT RDNA; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; BASIDIOMYCETOUS YEASTS; ASCOMYCETOUS YEASTS; D1/D2 DOMAIN; PHYLOGENY; IDENTIFICATION; TRICHOSPORON; FERMENTATION AB Many yeasts have been shown to be effective for biocontrol of field, greenhouse, and storage diseases of agricultural crops. Yeasts are generally regarded as safe for a wide variety of applications and some species establish large populations on leaf and fruit surfaces, resulting in disease control through competitive exclusion of pathogens. Yeasts that are used for biocontrol include ascomycetes assigned to the subphylum Saccharomycotina, dimorphic ascomycetes that are members of the subphylum Pezizomycotina and species classified in various subphyla of the Basidiomycota. This great diversity of species presents a challenge for identification, which must be correct to ensure product safety as well as to protect intellectual property. Over the past decade, all described yeasts have received a barcode through use of diagnostic gene sequences resulting in far more accurate strain identification than is possible from phenotypic characterization. Phylogenetic relationships determined from gene sequence analysis can be used to predict which species may be effective for biocontrol and for other biotechnological applications. Relationships among biocontrol species are discussed and examples of phylogenetic predictions for discovery of biotechnological applications are presented. C1 ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-44-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1053 BP 51 EP 56 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SO UT WOS:000357661900003 ER PT S AU Norelli, JL Wisniewski, M Droby, S AF Norelli, J. L. Wisniewski, M. Droby, S. BE Wisniewski, M Droby, S KinayTeksur, P TI Identification of a QTL for Postharvest Disease Resistance to Penicillium expansum in Malus sieversii SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR POSTHARVEST DISEASE MANAGEMENT SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Discovery and Development of Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management CY APR 18-MAY 02, 2013 CL Kusadasi, TURKEY SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE blue mold; apple; PI613981; GMAL4593; DNA marker ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BLUE MOLD; APPLE; BORKH.; DECAY; GENE AB Blue mold of apple caused by Penicillium expansum is one of the most important postharvest rots of apple fruit. Little attention has been devoted to postharvest disease resistance in apple breeding programs due both to a lack of sources of genetic resistance and to the time required for seedlings to produce a sufficient number of fruit to phenotype the trait. Malus sieversii PI613981 collected from the wild in Kazakhstan has previously been reported to be resistant to blue mold. The development of genetic markers for this resistance to blue mold would facilitate the marker-assisted selection of this valuable trait in breeding programs. Fruit collected from a 'Royal Gala' x PI613981 mapping population (GMAL4593) in 2011 (145 individuals) and 2012 (115 individuals) were inoculated with P. expansum and evaluated for decay. The response of individual progeny to P. expansum ranged from highly resistant to highly susceptible, and lesion diameters observed on 101 progeny evaluated both years were significantly correlated. A genetic framework map has been developed for the GMAL4593 population and was used to identify a QTL for blue mold resistance on linkage group (chromosome) 4 and 10. Analysis of the apple genome sequence and functional genomics are currently being used to identify genetic markers derived from putative resistance genes. C1 [Norelli, J. L.; Wisniewski, M.] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Droby, S.] ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Norelli, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-44-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1053 BP 199 EP 203 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SO UT WOS:000357661900021 ER PT S AU Feliziani, E Romanazzi, G Gu, S Gohil, HL Ames, ZR Margosan, DA Mansour, MF Smilanick, JL Lichter, A AF Feliziani, E. Romanazzi, G. Gu, S. Gohil, H. L. Ames, Z. R. Margosan, D. A. Mansour, M. F. Smilanick, J. L. Lichter, A. BE Wisniewski, M Droby, S KinayTeksur, P TI Effect of Field Treatments with Fungicide, Potassium Sorbate, or Chitosan on Postharvest Rots and Quality of Table Grapes SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR POSTHARVEST DISEASE MANAGEMENT SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Discovery and Development of Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management CY APR 18-MAY 02, 2013 CL Kusadasi, TURKEY SP Int Soc Horticultural Sci DE Botrytis cinerea; integrated pest management; resistance induction; fruit storage; Vitis vinifera ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; GRAY MOLD; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; SYNTHETIC FUNGICIDES; GREY MOLD; IN-VITRO; INFECTION; ALTERNATIVES; PREHARVEST; STORAGE AB Potassium sorbate, spray program of four fungicides, or one of three chitosan formulations were applied to clusters of 'Thompson Seedless' grape berries at berry set, pre-bunch closure, veraison, and 2 or 3 weeks before harvest. In 2009 and 2010 the natural incidence of postharvest gray mold was reduced by potassium sorbate, the fungicide program, or both mixed together, following storage at 2 degrees C for 6 weeks. In 2011, the experiment was repeated with three chitosan products (OII-YS, Chito Plant, and Armour-Zen) at 1% chitosan. Chitosan or fungicide treatments significantly reduced the natural incidence of postharvest rots. Berries harvested from vines treated by two of the chitosan treatments or the fungicide program had fewer infections after inoculation with Botrytis cinerea conidia. None of the treatments harmed berry quality, including soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, and berry size; and all increased endochitinase activity in berry juice. Confocal microscopy images indicated relatively high levels of hydrogen peroxide in berries treated with potassium sorbate. One of the chitosan formulations increased the quercetin, myricetin, and resveratrol content of berry skin. C1 [Feliziani, E.; Romanazzi, G.] Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Agr Food & Environm Sci, Ancona, Italy. [Gu, S.; Gohil, H. L.; Ames, Z. R.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Margosan, D. A.; Mansour, M. F.; Smilanick, J. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. [Lichter, A.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Feliziani, E (reprint author), Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Agr Food & Environm Sci, Ancona, Italy. EM joe.smilanick@gmail.com RI Romanazzi, Gianfranco/C-8981-2012 NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-44-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1053 BP 257 EP 264 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0SO UT WOS:000357661900028 ER PT J AU Judith, C Rossman, A AF Judith, Caroline Rossman, Amy TI Revised scientific names of the genus Hemileia (Pucciniales) based on the new ICN SO MYCOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Coffee rust; International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants; rust fungi; unit nomenclature ID FUNGI AB Based on the new International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, specifically the effective deletion of Article 59, we provide a list of the revised scientific names of species in the genus Hemileia (Pucciniales). Five new combinations are proposed. C1 [Judith, Caroline; Rossman, Amy] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Judith, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, B010A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM caroline.judith@ymail.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-4057 EI 1314-4049 J9 MYCOKEYS JI MycoKeys PY 2014 IS 8 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.3897/mycokeys.8.4040 PG 10 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA CM6WA UT WOS:000357830800001 ER PT S AU Pounders, C AF Pounders, Cecil BE Heuser, CW TI 'Ebony Fire', 'Ebony Flame', Ebony Embers', 'Ebony & Ivory', and 'Ebony Glow': Five New Dark-Leaved Crape Myrtles (c) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROPAGATOR'S SOCIETY - 2013 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International-Plant-Propagators-Society CY OCT 30, 2013 CL Bellefonte, PA SP Int Plant Propagators Soc, Int Soc Hort Sci C1 USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Pounders, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM cecil.pounders@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-41-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1055 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0UT UT WOS:000357731600045 ER PT S AU Fulcher, A Cochran, D Rosetta, R Zondag, R Zhu, HP AF Fulcher, Amy Cochran, Diana Rosetta, Robin Zondag, Randall Zhu, Heping BE Heuser, CW TI Laser Tag: Intelligent Sprayers Change the Pest Management Game (c) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROPAGATOR'S SOCIETY - 2013 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International-Plant-Propagators-Society CY OCT 30, 2013 CL Bellefonte, PA SP Int Plant Propagators Soc, Int Soc Hort Sci ID VARIABLE-RATE SPRAYER C1 [Fulcher, Amy; Cochran, Diana] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rosetta, Robin] Oregon State Univ, North Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. [Zondag, Randall] Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Zhu, Heping] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Fulcher, A (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM afulcher@utk.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-41-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1055 BP 447 EP 451 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0UT UT WOS:000357731600092 ER PT S AU Copes, WE AF Copes, Warren E. BE Heuser, CW TI Sanitation Can Be a Foundation Disease Management Tool: Potential of Spreading Binucleate Rhizoctonia from Nursery Propagation Floors to Trays Containing Azalea Stem Cuttings (c) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROPAGATOR'S SOCIETY - 2013 SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International-Plant-Propagators-Society CY OCT 30, 2013 CL Bellefonte, PA SP Int Plant Propagators Soc, Int Soc Hort Sci C1 ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Copes, WE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM warren.copes@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-41-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1055 BP 475 EP 477 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BD0UT UT WOS:000357731600097 ER PT S AU Dabney, SM Vieira, DAN Yoder, DC AF Dabney, Seth M. Vieira, Dalmo A. N. Yoder, Daniel C. BE Xu, YJ Allison, MA Bentley, SJ Collins, AL Erskine, WD Golosov, V Horowitz, AJ Stone, M TI Predicting ephemeral gully erosion with RUSLER and EphGEE SO SEDIMENT DYNAMICS FROM THE SUMMIT TO THE SEA SE IAHS Publication LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Sediment Dynamics: From the Summit to the Sea CY DEC 11-14, 2014 CL New Orleans, LA SP Int Commiss Continental Eros, Louisiana State Univ, Off Res & Econ Dev, Shell, Louisiana State Univ, AgCenter Res Extens Teach, Water Inst Gulf, CPRA, Louisiana State Univ, USGS Sci Chang World, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources DE erosion; ephemeral gully erosion; sediment; sedimentation; waterway ID SEDIMENT YIELD; RUNOFF AB Ephemeral gully erosion is not included in predictions made with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, version 2 (RUSLE2). A new distributed- applitation called RUSLER (RUSLE2-Raster) predicts distributed soil loss and its output can be linked with the new Ephemeral Gully Erosion Estimator (EphGEE). These models were applied to a 6.3 ha research watershed near Treynor, Iowa, USA, where runoff and sediment yield were measured from 1975 to 1991. Using a 3-m raster DEM, results indicate that ephemeral gully erosion contributed about one-third of the amount of sheet and rill erosion, and that considerable deposition of sediment originating from both sources occurred within the grassed waterway. For ambient conditions, predicted annual average watershed sediment yield was 17.5 Mg ha(-1) year(-1), 20% greater than the measured value of 14.6 Mg ha(-1) year(-1). C1 [Dabney, Seth M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Vieira, Dalmo A. N.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Yoder, Daniel C.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dabney, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Box 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM seth.dabney@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND SN 0144-7815 BN 978-1-907161-45-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 2014 VL 367 BP 72 EP 79 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BD0IS UT WOS:000357222000008 ER PT S AU Vieira, DAN Dabney, SM Yoder, DC AF Vieira, Dalmo A. N. Dabney, Seth M. Yoder, Daniel C. BE Xu, YJ Allison, MA Bentley, SJ Collins, AL Erskine, WD Golosov, V Horowitz, AJ Stone, M TI Distributed soil loss estimation system including ephemeral gully development and tillage erosion SO SEDIMENT DYNAMICS FROM THE SUMMIT TO THE SEA SE IAHS Publication LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Sediment Dynamics: From the Summit to the Sea CY DEC 11-14, 2014 CL New Orleans, LA SP Int Commiss Continental Eros, Louisiana State Univ, Off Res & Econ Dev, Shell, Louisiana State Univ, AgCenter Res Extens Teach, Water Inst Gulf, CPRA, Louisiana State Univ, USGS Sci Chang World, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources DE water erosion; tillage erosion; ephemeral gully erosion; sediment; sedimentation; waterway ID SEDIMENT YIELD; RUNOFF; FLOW AB A new modelling system is being developed to provide spatially-distributed runoff and soil erosion predictions for conservation planning that integrates the 2D grid-based variant of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, version 2 model (RUSLER), the Ephemeral Gully Erosion Estimator (EphGEE), and the Tillage Erosion and Landscape Evolution Model (TELEM). Digital representations of the area of interest (field, farm or entire watershed) are created using high-resolution topography and data retrieved from established databases of soil properties, climate, and agricultural operations. The system utilizes a library of processing tools (LibRaster) to deduce surface drainage from topography, determine the location of potential ephemeral gullies, and subdivide the study area into catchments for calculations of runoff and sheet-and-rill erosion using RUSLER. EphGEE computes gully evolution based on local soil erodibility and flow and sediment transport conditions. Annual tillage-induced morphological changes are computed separately by TELEM. C1 [Vieira, Dalmo A. N.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Dabney, Seth M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Yoder, Daniel C.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Vieira, DAN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 639, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. EM dalmo.vieira@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND SN 0144-7815 BN 978-1-907161-45-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 2014 VL 367 BP 80 EP 86 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BD0IS UT WOS:000357222000009 ER PT S AU Kuhnle, R Wren, D Langendoen, E AF Kuhnle, Roger Wren, Daniel Langendoen, Eddy BE Xu, YJ Allison, MA Bentley, SJ Collins, AL Erskine, WD Golosov, V Horowitz, AJ Stone, M TI Erosion depth of sand from an immobile gravel bed SO SEDIMENT DYNAMICS FROM THE SUMMIT TO THE SEA SE IAHS Publication LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Sediment Dynamics: From the Summit to the Sea CY DEC 11-14, 2014 CL New Orleans, LA SP Int Commiss Continental Eros, Louisiana State Univ, Off Res & Econ Dev, Shell, Louisiana State Univ, AgCenter Res Extens Teach, Water Inst Gulf, CPRA, Louisiana State Univ, USGS Sci Chang World, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources DE erosion; sand; immobile gravel AB This study was conducted to improve prediction of the depth of erosion of sand (D-50 = 0.3-0.9 mm) from immobile gravel (D-50 = 36.1 mm) under steady uniform flows with bed shear stresses from 0.1 to 0.9 of that required to entrain the gravel. This situation, often encountered downstream of dams, has important implications for habitat restoration. Steady uniform flows were imposed on a flume channel containing a mixture of sand and gravel until sediment concentrations in the flow exiting the channel became small. The elevation of sand relative to gravel was measured after each experiment and compared poorly to calculated depths from published relationships whose predictions were based in part on the equivalent grain roughness of the bed. An improved predictive relationship was developed by using the cumulative distribution function of the surface gravel elevations to scale the shear velocity available for transporting sand from the gravel substrate. C1 [Kuhnle, Roger; Wren, Daniel; Langendoen, Eddy] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Kuhnle, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, 598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM roger.kuhnle@ars.usda.gov OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND SN 0144-7815 BN 978-1-907161-45-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 2014 VL 367 BP 117 EP 121 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BD0IS UT WOS:000357222000014 ER PT S AU Langendoen, EJ Wells, RR Ursic, ME Vieira, DAN Dabney, SM AF Langendoen, Eddy J. Wells, Robert R. Ursic, Mick E. Vieira, Dalmo A. N. Dabney, Seth M. BE Xu, YJ Allison, MA Bentley, SJ Collins, AL Erskine, WD Golosov, V Horowitz, AJ Stone, M TI Evaluating sediment transport capacity relationships for use in ephemeral gully erosion models SO SEDIMENT DYNAMICS FROM THE SUMMIT TO THE SEA SE IAHS Publication LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Sediment Dynamics: From the Summit to the Sea CY DEC 11-14, 2014 CL New Orleans, LA SP Int Commiss Continental Eros, Louisiana State Univ, Off Res & Econ Dev, Shell, Louisiana State Univ, AgCenter Res Extens Teach, Water Inst Gulf, CPRA, Louisiana State Univ, USGS Sci Chang World, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources DE erosion; sediment; gully; transport capacity ID UPLAND CONCENTRATED FLOWS; SOIL-EROSION; MORPHODYNAMICS; EQUATIONS AB On cropland, ephemeral gully erosion in the USA may contribute up to 40% of the sediment delivered to the edge of the field. Well-tested, physically- and process-based tools for field and watershed scale prediction of gully erosion are lacking due to the fact that the complex nature of migrating headcuts is poorly understood. Understanding sediment transport capacity downstream of migrating headcuts is essential, as sediment deposition often leads to temporary storage that controls downstream water elevation, which in turn affects the rate of headcut migration. Current process-based gully erosion prediction technology used by the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is based on characterizing the headcut migration rate, which requires the deposition depth as input to the model. Alternatively, the deposition depth can be calculated if downstream sediment transport capacity can be predicted. Data collected at the ARS-National Sedimentation Laboratory were used to test existing sediment transport relationships for the five sediment size classes (clay, silt, sand, small aggregates, large aggregates) typically used in AIRS soil erosion models. The results show that the transport rate can be satisfactorily predicted for sand and large aggregate size fractions using common transport relationships based on unit stream power theory. The fractional content of the sand and large aggregate size classes can be computed using standard relationships, which are based on soil texture, previously developed by ARS. The transport of clays, silts and small aggregates is detachment limited and must therefore be computed using improved soil detachment relationships for ephemeral gullies. C1 [Langendoen, Eddy J.; Wells, Robert R.; Ursic, Mick E.; Vieira, Dalmo A. N.; Dabney, Seth M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Langendoen, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM eddy.langendoen@ars.usda.gov OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND SN 0144-7815 BN 978-1-907161-45-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 2014 VL 367 BP 128 EP 133 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BD0IS UT WOS:000357222000016 ER PT B AU Karlen, DL AF Karlen, Douglas L. BE Karlen, DL TI Cellulosic Energy Cropping Systems Preface SO CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS SE Wiley Series in Renewable Resources LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Karlen, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Miami, FL 33158 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-67633-2; 978-1-119-99194-6 J9 WILEY SER RENEW RESO PY 2014 BP XXI EP XXII D2 10.1002/9781118676332 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD0BM UT WOS:000357034400003 ER PT B AU Mitchell, R Lee, DK Casler, M AF Mitchell, Rob Lee, D. K. Casler, Michael BE Karlen, DL TI Switchgrass SO CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS SE Wiley Series in Renewable Resources LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FERMENTABLE SUGAR YIELDS; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; BIG BLUESTEM; WARM-SEASON; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; DEVELOPMENTAL MORPHOLOGY; UPLAND SWITCHGRASS; HERBACEOUS PLANTS C1 [Mitchell, Rob] ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Lee, D. K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Casler, Michael] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Mitchell, R (reprint author), ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. NR 87 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-67633-2; 978-1-119-99194-6 J9 WILEY SER RENEW RESO PY 2014 BP 75 EP 89 D2 10.1002/9781118676332 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD0BM UT WOS:000357034400008 ER PT B AU Richard, EP Anderson, WF AF Richard, Edward P., Jr. Anderson, William F. BE Karlen, DL TI Sugarcane, Energy Cane and Napier Grass SO CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS SE Wiley Series in Renewable Resources LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PENNISETUM-PURPUREUM SCHUM; ELEPHANTGRASS BIOMASS PRODUCTION; ORGANIC NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; ALTERNATIVE NUTRIENT SOURCE; MUNICIPAL BIOSOLIDS; HARVEST MANAGEMENT; MOLECULAR MARKERS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; TALL GRASSES; FORAGE YIELD C1 [Richard, Edward P., Jr.] ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, USDA, Houma, LA 70361 USA. [Anderson, William F.] ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, USDA, Houma, LA USA. RP Richard, EP (reprint author), ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, USDA, Houma, LA 70361 USA. NR 111 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-67633-2; 978-1-119-99194-6 J9 WILEY SER RENEW RESO PY 2014 BP 91 EP 108 D2 10.1002/9781118676332 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD0BM UT WOS:000357034400009 ER PT B AU Karlen, DL Huggins, DR AF Karlen, Douglas L. Huggins, David R. BE Karlen, DL TI Crop Residues SO CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS SE Wiley Series in Renewable Resources LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; CORN STOVER; LONG-TERM; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FEEDSTOCK; REMOVAL; GRAIN; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS C1 [Karlen, Douglas L.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Houma, LA 70361 USA. [Huggins, David R.] ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, USDA, Houma, LA USA. RP Karlen, DL (reprint author), ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Houma, LA 70361 USA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-67633-2; 978-1-119-99194-6 J9 WILEY SER RENEW RESO PY 2014 BP 131 EP 147 D2 10.1002/9781118676332 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD0BM UT WOS:000357034400011 ER PT B AU Klasa, A Karlen, D AF Klasa, Andrzej Karlen, Doug BE Karlen, DL TI Poplar SO CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS SE Wiley Series in Renewable Resources LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SHORT-ROTATION COPPICE; HYBRID POPLAR; POPULUS-DELTOIDES; BALSAM POPLAR; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; DROUGHT TOLERANCE; ENERGY CROPS; GROWTH; CLONES; WILLOW C1 [Klasa, Andrzej] Warmia & Mazury Univ, Dept Agr Chem & Environm Protect, Olsztyn, Poland. [Karlen, Doug] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Houma, LA USA. RP Klasa, A (reprint author), Warmia & Mazury Univ, Dept Agr Chem & Environm Protect, Olsztyn, Poland. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-67633-2; 978-1-119-99194-6 J9 WILEY SER RENEW RESO PY 2014 BP 183 EP 199 D2 10.1002/9781118676332 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD0BM UT WOS:000357034400014 ER PT B AU Keefe, R Anderson, N Hogland, J Muhlenfeld, K AF Keefe, Robert Anderson, Nathaniel Hogland, John Muhlenfeld, Ken BE Karlen, DL TI Woody Biomass Logistics SO CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS SE Wiley Series in Renewable Resources LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOREST BIOMASS; SYSTEMS; CARBON; COST C1 [Keefe, Robert] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Anderson, Nathaniel; Hogland, John] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Muhlenfeld, Ken] Southern Union Community Coll, Wadley, AL USA. RP Keefe, R (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-67633-2; 978-1-119-99194-6 J9 WILEY SER RENEW RESO PY 2014 BP 251 EP 279 D2 10.1002/9781118676332 PG 29 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD0BM UT WOS:000357034400017 ER PT B AU Karlen, DL Galdos, MV Rabelo, SC Franco, HCJ Bonomi, A Li, JH Li, SZ Tumuluru, JS Ovard, L AF Karlen, Douglas L. Galdos, Marcelo Valadares Rabelo, Sarita Candida Junqueira Franco, Henrique Continho Bonomi, Antonio Li, Jihong Li, Shi-Zhong Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar Ovard, Leslie BE Karlen, DL TI Selected Global Examples of Cellulosic Cropping System Trends SO CELLULOSIC ENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS SE Wiley Series in Renewable Resources LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; SWEET SORGHUM; CHINA; CHALLENGES; FEEDSTOCK; INDIA C1 [Karlen, Douglas L.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Galdos, Marcelo Valadares; Rabelo, Sarita Candida; Junqueira Franco, Henrique Continho; Bonomi, Antonio] Brazilian Ctr Res Energy & Mat CNPEM, Brazilian Bioethanol Sci & Technol Lab CTBE, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Li, Jihong; Li, Shi-Zhong] Tsinghua Univ, Inst New Energy Technol, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Biofuels, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar; Ovard, Leslie] Idaho Natl Lab, Biofuels & Renewable Energy Technol, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Karlen, DL (reprint author), ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Houma, LA 70360 USA. OI Rabelo, Sarita/0000-0002-3153-7674 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-67633-2; 978-1-119-99194-6 J9 WILEY SER RENEW RESO PY 2014 BP 345 EP 363 D2 10.1002/9781118676332 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD0BM UT WOS:000357034400022 ER PT J AU Short, KC AF Short, K. C. TI A spatial database of wildfires in the United States, 1992-2011 SO EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA LA English DT Article ID FIRES; CLIMATE; USA; MANAGEMENT; AMERICA; TRENDS; LANDS AB The statistical analysis of wildfire activity is a critical component of national wildfire planning, operations, and research in the United States (US). However, there are multiple federal, state, and local entities with wildfire protection and reporting responsibilities in the US, and no single, unified system of wildfire record keeping exists. To conduct even the most rudimentary interagency analyses of wildfire numbers and area burned from the authoritative systems of record, one must harvest records from dozens of disparate databases with inconsistent information content. The onus is then on the user to check for and purge redundant records of the same fire (i.e., multijurisdictional incidents with responses reported by several agencies or departments) after pooling data from different sources. Here we describe our efforts to acquire, standardize, error-check, compile, scrub, and evaluate the completeness of US federal, state, and local wildfire records from 1992-2011 for the national, interagency Fire Program Analysis (FPA) application. The resulting FPA Fire-Occurrence Database (FPA FOD) includes nearly 1.6 million records from the 20 yr period, with values for at least the following core data elements: location, at least as precise as a Public Land Survey System section (2.6 km(2) grid), discovery date, and final fire size. The FPA FOD is publicly available from the Research Data Archive of the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (doi: 10.2737/RDS-2013-0009). While necessarily incomplete in some aspects, the database is intended to facilitate fairly high-resolution geospatial analysis of US wildfire activity over the past two decades, based on available information from the authoritative systems of record. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Short, KC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 US Hwy 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM kcshort@fs.fed.us NR 80 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 13 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1866-3508 EI 1866-3516 J9 EARTH SYST SCI DATA JI Earth Syst. Sci. Data PY 2014 VL 6 IS 1 BP 1 EP 27 DI 10.5194/essd-6-1-2014 PG 27 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CL4OX UT WOS:000356933700001 ER PT J AU Adams, MB Knoepp, JD Webster, JR AF Adams, Mary Beth Knoepp, Jennifer D. Webster, Jackson R. TI Inorganic Nitrogen Retention by Watersheds at Fernow Experimental Forest and Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID APPALACHIAN HARDWOOD FOREST; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; UNITED-STATES; ECOSYSTEMS; SATURATION; HYPOTHESIS; MANAGEMENT; DEPOSITION; NITRATE; MECHANISM AB Because elevated N loading can impair both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, understanding the abiotic and biotic controls over retention and export of dissolved inorganic N (DI N) is crucial. Long-term research has been conducted on experimental watersheds at two U.S. Forest Service experimental forests in the Appalachian region: Fernow Experimental Forest (FEF) in West Virginia and Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (CHL) in North Carolina. While similar in vegetation and research history, FEF and CHL differ in climate, historic DI N deposition, and soils. We evaluated long-term patterns of DI N inputs and exports from three watersheds at each location with similar treatments including clear-cut harvest, conversion to conifer plantation (Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.] at FEF and white pine [Pinus strobus L.] at CHL), as well as reference watersheds. We examined DI N export and retention in these watersheds, comparing treated and reference watersheds within each experimental forest and comparing similarly treated watersheds between the experimental forests. Despite current similar levels of N deposition, stream water DI N concentrations and exports were generally greater at FEF by almost an order of magnitude. We found differences between FEF and CHL in stream DI N concentrations, watershed export, and retention of DI N inputs not only in the untreated reference watersheds but also in the watersheds with similar disturbance treatment. We hypothesize that these differences are the result of site and vegetation differences as well as site history including long-term patterns of DI N deposition. We document the switch from biogeochemical to hydrologic controls that occurred when N availability exceeded N immobilization, due to either N deposition or biological N inputs. C1 [Adams, Mary Beth] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Knoepp, Jennifer D.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Webster, Jackson R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Adams, MB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. EM mbadams@fs.fed.us FU NSF [DEB0218001, DEB0823293, DEB0417678, DEB1019522] FX We thank Bobbie Niederlehner for help with the statistical analyses. Many of the ideas in this paper resulted from discussions with Durrell Scott, Stephen Schoenholtz, Jeb Barrett, Kevin McGuire, Brian Strahm, Sheila Christopher, and Charley Kelly. This study was partially supported by NSF Grants DEB0218001 and DEB0823293 to the Coweeta LTER program at the University of Georgia and DEB0417678 and DEB1019522 for the Fernow LTREB project through West Virginia University. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PY 2014 VL 78 SU 1 BP S84 EP S94 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.11.0463nafsc PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CL2QL UT WOS:000356789100009 ER PT J AU Baas, P Mohan, JE Markewitz, D Knoepp, JD AF Baas, Peter Mohan, Jacqueline E. Markewitz, Daniel Knoepp, Jennifer D. TI Assessing Heterogeneity in Soil Nitrogen Cycling: A Plot-Scale Approach SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FACTORS REGULATING DENITRIFICATION; APPARENT ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MAPPING CLAY CONTENT; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; HOT-SPOTS; WATERSHED-SCALE; FOREST SOILS; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; SECONDARY-SUCCESSION; VEGETATION GRADIENT AB The high level of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in soil N cycling processes hinders our ability to develop an ecosystem-wide understanding of this cycle. This study examined how incorporating an intensive assessment of spatial variability for soil moisture, C, nutrients, and soil texture can better explain ecosystem N cycling at the plot scale. Five sites distributed across a regionally representative vegetation and elevation gradient at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in the southern Appalachian Mountains were sampled five times between November 2010 and March 2012. We used electromagnetic induction (EMI) to survey for soil moisture, soil texture, and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to estimate extractable NH4+, total C, and total N concentrations. Laboratory assays of nitrification and denitrification potential rates were used as an index for N cycling dynamics. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the NIRS and EMI survey data explained 30 to 90% of the variability in potential nitrification rates (p < 0.01) and 16 to 70% of variability in potential denitrification rates (p < 0.01). Two extrapolation approaches were used to calculate the mean and the variability of potential rates: (i) stratified selection of collected samples based on EMI and NIRS predictors; and (ii) random selection of collected samples. The mean for potential nitrification rates based on EMI and NIRS stratification yielded similar (oak-pine and mixed oak) and greater (northern hardwood and cove hardwood) rates, whereas potential denitrification rates were greater in all sites for the stratified-based estimates. This study demonstrated that the application of geophysical tools may enhance our ecosystem-level understanding of the N cycle. C1 [Baas, Peter; Mohan, Jacqueline E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Markewitz, Daniel] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Knoepp, Jennifer D.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. RP Baas, P (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, 140 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM pbaas83@gmail.com OI Baas, Peter/0000-0002-3824-6570 FU National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Program [DEB-0823293] FX We thank Megan Machmuller and Jeremy Sullivan for assistance in the field. Chemical analyses were conducted at the Odum School of Ecology Analytical Laboratory and Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB-0823293). NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 21 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PY 2014 VL 78 SU 1 BP S237 EP S247 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.09.0380nafsc PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CL2QL UT WOS:000356789100023 ER PT J AU Dymond, SF Kolka, RK Bolstad, PV Sebestyen, SD AF Dymond, Salli F. Kolka, Randall K. Bolstad, Paul V. Sebestyen, Stephen D. TI Long-Term Soil Moisture Patterns in a Northern Minnesota Forest SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; WATER-BALANCE; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; MODEL; ECOSYSTEMS; GROWTH; STATES AB Forest hydrological and biogeochemical processes are highly dependent on soil water. At the Marcell Experimental Forest, seasonal patterns of soil moisture have been monitored at three forested locations since 1966. This unique, long-term data set was used to analyze seasonal trends in soil moisture as well as the influence of time-lagged precipitation and modified Thornthwaite modeled potential evapotranspiration (PET) on seasonal soil moisture at three depths (0-15, 76-107, and 198-229 cm). Despite no change in precipitation during the 45-yr record, mean annual soil moisture from 0 to 228.6 cm has declined (p < 0.05). Precipitation minus PET was found to account for >50% of the variability in seasonal soil moisture (p < 0.001). Our findings suggest that further increases in mean annual temperature and evapotranspiration may lead to decreases in soil moisture. These decreases could negatively impact forested ecosystems in northern Minnesota. C1 [Dymond, Salli F.; Bolstad, Paul V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.; Sebestyen, Stephen D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Dymond, SF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM dymon003@umn.edu FU USDA Forest Service FX We would like to thank Dr. Sandy Verry, Richard Kyllander, Carrie Dorrance, Laura Nelson, and Matthew Hoveland for their contribution to this project. Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Forest Service. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PY 2014 VL 78 SU 1 BP S208 EP S216 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0322nafsc PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CL2QL UT WOS:000356789100020 ER PT J AU Kolka, R Sturtevant, B Townsend, P Miesel, J Wolter, P Fraver, S DeSutter, T AF Kolka, Randy Sturtevant, Brian Townsend, Phil Miesel, Jessica Wolter, Peter Fraver, Shawn DeSutter, Tom TI Post-Fire Comparisons of Forest Floor and Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, and Mercury Pools with Fire Severity Indices SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID JACK PINE FORESTS; ORGANIC-MATTER; METHYL MERCURY; BOREAL FOREST; WILDFIRE; MINNESOTA; USA; DEPOSITION; EMISSIONS; ECOSYSTEM AB Forest fires are important contributors of C, N, and Hg to the atmosphere. In the fall of 2011, a large wildfire occurred in northern Minnesota and we were able to quickly access the area to sample the forest floor and mineral soil for C, N, and Hg pools. When compared with unburned reference soils, the mean loss of C resulting from fire in the forest floor and the upper 20 cm of mineral soil was 19.3 Mg ha(-1), for N the mean loss was 0.17 Mg ha(-1), and for Hg the mean loss was 9.3 g ha(-1). To assess the influence of fire severity on the forest floor and mineral soils, we used an established method that included a soil burn severity index and a tree burn severity index with a gradient of severity classes. It was apparent that the unburned reference class had greater forest floor C, N, and Hg pools and higher C/N ratios than the burned classes. The C/N ratios of the 0- to 10- and 10- to 20-cm mineral soils in the unburned reference class were also greater than in the burned classes, indicating that a small amount of C was lost and/or N was gained, potentially through leaching unburned forest floor material. However, with a couple of exceptions, the severity classes were unable to differentiate the forest floor and mineral soil impacts among soil burn and tree burn severity indices. Developing burn severity indices that are reflective of soil elemental impacts is an important first step in scaling ecosystem impacts both within and across fire events. C1 [Kolka, Randy] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Sturtevant, Brian] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Townsend, Phil] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Miesel, Jessica] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wolter, Peter] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Fraver, Shawn] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [DeSutter, Tom] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Kolka, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. EM rkolka@fs.fed.us RI Townsend, Philip/B-5741-2008 OI Townsend, Philip/0000-0001-7003-8774 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 19 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PY 2014 VL 78 SU 1 BP S58 EP S65 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0351nafsc PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CL2QL UT WOS:000356789100006 ER PT J AU Roaldson, LM Johnson, DW Miller, WW Murphy, JD Walker, RF Stein, CM Glass, DW Blank, RR AF Roaldson, L. M. Johnson, D. W. Miller, W. W. Murphy, J. D. Walker, R. F. Stein, C. M. Glass, D. W. Blank, R. R. TI Prescribed Fire and Timber Harvesting Effects on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in a Pine Forest SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NUTRIENT BUDGETS; CENTRAL OREGON; WHOLE-TREE; AVAILABILITY; CHEMISTRY; SEVERITY; LOSSES; STANDS AB Thinning and prescribed fire are common management tools used to eliminate thick fuel loads that could otherwise facilitate and encourage a more severe catastrophic wildfire. The objective of this study was to quantify the lasting effects of prescribed fire on forest floor and soil nutrients approximately 9 yr after a burn occurred near Truckee, CA. The study site includes a prescribed fire following various harvest and understory removal treatments: whole-tree thinning, cut-to-length thinning, and no thinning. Data were collected before, immediately after, and 9 yr later following a prescribed burn. All forest floor and soil samples were analyzed for nutrients (O horizon: total N; mineral soil: total N, total C, mineral N). Fuel reductions were evident 9 yr after the fire in the burned plots. No significant changes in total C or total N in surface (0-20-cm) mineral soils occurred during the 9-yr period. Mineral N concentrations in surface soils were greater in unburned than in burned cut-to-length thinning treatments after 9 yr. These differences were attributed to N inputs from decomposing slash and to the reduction in the biomass of N-2 fixers by burning. C1 [Roaldson, L. M.; Johnson, D. W.; Miller, W. W.; Murphy, J. D.; Walker, R. F.; Stein, C. M.; Glass, D. W.] Univ Nevada, Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Blank, R. R.] USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89521 USA. RP Johnson, DW (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1662 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM dwj@cabnr.unr.edu FU McIntire-Stennis through the Nevada Agriculture Experiment Station FX We would first like to thank our research funding, which was provided by McIntire-Stennis through the Nevada Agriculture Experiment Station. We would also like to thank the following people for their assistance: Tye Morgan with the USDA-ARS Great Basin Rangelands Research Unit, Paul Verburg from the Desert Research Institute, and Jacob Phillips, Kelli Belmont, Samantha Evanson, Julie Ruiz, Chris Simmons, and Jessie Smith with the University of Nevada-Reno. The data for this article were taken from an M.S. thesis (Roaldson, 2013). NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PY 2014 VL 78 SU 1 BP S48 EP S57 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0350nafsc PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CL2QL UT WOS:000356789100005 ER PT J AU Totman, ME Swanson, ME Rodgers, TM McDaniel, PA Rupp, RA Brown, DJ AF Totman, Michelle E. Swanson, Mark E. Rodgers, Toby M. McDaniel, Paul A. Rupp, Rick A. Brown, David J. TI Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in the Forests of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BOREAL FORESTS; DOUGLAS-FIR; OLD-GROWTH; LAND-USE; DYNAMICS; STORAGE; SEQUESTRATION; TEMPERATE AB Soil organic C represents a substantial component of the total ecosystem C in temperate and boreal forests. We used an isocluster-driven process of principal components (based on elevation, precipitation, temperature, etc.) to stratify Mount Rainier National Park, a 957-km(2) federal reserve in the state of Washington, for estimating total soil organic C stocks. Eight stratification-based forest sites for groups of soil pits and vegetation plots were located throughout the park. Average organic C in the park's forest soils (primarily Andisols, Spodosols, and Inceptisols) was 163 Mg C ha(-1) (95% confidence interval [CI] = 138-188), and 205.0 Mg C ha(-1) (95% CI = 177.9-232.1) with the litter layer included. The low-elevation Andisols and Spodosols held the greatest per-hectare stocks. Total ecosystem C stocks, strongly influenced by the live overstory C pool, varied by almost an order of magnitude across plots, ranging from 168 to 1583 Mg C ha(-1). Temperature variables, rather than precipitation, were correlated with soil C pools. Site membership accounted for a significant proportion of variance in C stocks, and beta regression indicated that the proportion of total C stored in the soil varied across sites. Additional sampling in the highly variable top 35 cm of the soil significantly improved the precision of estimates for soil C to that depth. The C stocks determined in this study provide baseline data for Mount Rainier National Park and aided in developing a systematic method for resampling to determine flux with time and establishing a basis for a future comparison with adjacent managed forest landscapes. C1 [Totman, Michelle E.; Rupp, Rick A.; Brown, David J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Swanson, Mark E.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rodgers, Toby M.] USDA NRCS, Mt Vernon, WA 98273 USA. [McDaniel, Paul A.] Univ Idaho, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Swanson, ME (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Box 646410, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM markswanson@wsu.edu RI McDaniel, Paul/A-8954-2009 FU USDA-NRCS; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [WPN00779, 223772] FX Funding was provided by the USDA-NRCS. Dave Brown and Rick Rupp wish to acknowledge the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Project WPN00779, Accession 223772). Nate Morse and David Aguirre are to be commended for their dedication to fieldwork through rain, ice, snow, heat, and insect bites. Nate Morse served as an archaeologist, conducting hundreds of hours of sieving to ensure that cultural resources were protected and catalogued. Many thanks to Barbara Samora, Biologist/Research Coordinator at Mt. Rainier National Park, for working with us to facilitate approval of our national park research permits. Greg Burtchard, Mt. Rainier National Park's head archaeologist, volunteered to be a primary agency contact and worked closely with Michelle Totman and Nate Morse. Phil Roberts from the Mount Vernon NRCS office spent many hours in the field familiarizing us with the vegetation and soil characteristics of Mt. Rainier. We thank two anonymous reviewers for providing insightful critiques of the original manuscript. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 14 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PY 2014 VL 78 SU 1 BP S270 EP S280 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.08.0374nafsc PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CL2QL UT WOS:000356789100026 ER PT J AU Yocum, I Reza, H Kemp, W Rinehart, J Dennis, B AF Yocum, Ian Reza, Hassan Kemp, William Rinehart, Joseph Dennis, Brian BE Latifi, S TI Reverse Engineering of Legacy Agricultural Phenology Modeling System SO 2014 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: NEW GENERATIONS (ITNG) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Information Technology - New Generations (ITNG) CY APR 07-09, 2014 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Premier Hall Sci & Engn DE Software Architecture; Reverse Engineering; Software Design; Programming Languages ID STOCHASTIC-MODEL; INSECT PHENOLOGY AB A software program which implements predictive phenology modeling is a valuable tool for growers and scientists. Such a program was created in the late 1980' s by the creators of general phenology modeling as proof of their techniques. However, this first program could not continue to meet the needs of the field which created it and needed to be expanded or replaced. This paper presents an overview of the aims of phenology modeling and the legacy program which demonstrated it. The paper then discusses the process of reverse-engineering the legacy program and specifying the functionality for its successor. The result is a program which implements all the functions of the legacy code while providing a modern platform that is maintainable, portable, and open. C1 [Yocum, Ian; Reza, Hassan] Univ N Dakota, Dept Comp Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Yocum, Ian; Kemp, William; Rinehart, Joseph] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58201 USA. [Dennis, Brian] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83841 USA. RP Yocum, I (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Dept Comp Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. EM reza@aero.und.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3187-3 PY 2014 BP 508 EP 513 DI 10.1109/ITNG.2014.87 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC8PN UT WOS:000355981200082 ER PT B AU Burri, BJ AF Burri, Betty J. BE Ramawat, KG Merillon, JM TI The Current Impact and Potential of Biotechnology to Improve the Capacity of Orange-fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) to Prevent Vitamin A Deficiency SO BULBOUS PLANTS: BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE beta-carotene; sweet potato; biofortified; biotechnology; human nutrition ID BETA-CAROTENE CONTENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; RETINOID METABOLISM; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MONGOLIAN GERBILS; VIRUS-DISEASE; STORAGE ROOTS; DOUBLE-TRACER; DARK-GREEN AB Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world and an important cause of premature death in young children and pregnant women. Billions of people get most of their vitamin A from plants that are rich in pro-vitamin A carotenoids such as beta-carotene. Orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) are an excellent source of beta-carotene, and have improved vitamin A status in several small-scale interventions. The amount of OFSP that must be consumed to provide 50% of the RDA for vitamin A is reasonable, ranging from about 0.1 to 1.2 cups per day. World production is adequate to meet the needs of all of the people most at risk for vitamin A deficiency, if most sweet potatoes were OFSP. OFSP is difficult to improve by conventional hybridization techniques because of their complex genetics, and this complexity has also slowed biotechnological improvements in OFSP. This research is evaluated to estimate its current and potential impact on vitamin A status. OFSP are already an excellent source of beta-carotene, but there is little research on increasing carotenoid concentrations through biotechnology. Most current research focuses on increasing the resistance of sweet potatoes to virus infestations, herbicides, and environmental stressors. Recently sweet potato production per hectare and total production have increased slightly worldwide, while the hectares upon which sweet potatoes are grown have decreased. This is especially true in China, which is the major producer of sweet potatoes worldwide, and where biotechnological efforts to improve sweet potatoes are established. However, the impact of biotechnology on this increased production is unknown because few reports of field trials, or of failures, exist. It is probable that biotechnology has had minimal impact so far because most of the research is so recent, and because much of it is targeted to prevent crop failure instead of to increase production. However, the potential impact is greater. C1 ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM betty.burri@ars.usda.gov NR 143 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-8968-1; 978-1-4665-8968-1 PY 2014 BP 287 EP 310 PG 24 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BC7OP UT WOS:000355126200015 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. BE Fuhrer, J Gregory, PJ TI Climate Change and Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems in Temperate-Humid Regions of North and South America: Mitigation and Adaptation SO CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT AND ADAPTATION IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS SE CABI Climate Change Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; NO-TILL CORN; PIEDMONT USA; COVER CROPS; YIELD RESPONSE; NITROUS-OXIDE; MANAGEMENT; ROTATIONS; PASTURE; SEQUESTRATION C1 ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 3218 Williams Hall,NCSU Campus,Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Alan.Franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-289-5 J9 CABI CLIM CHANGE SER PY 2014 VL 5 BP 124 EP 139 D2 10.1079/9781780642895.0000 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7QZ UT WOS:000355150000010 ER PT J AU VerCauteren, K Lavelle, M Gehring, TM Landry, JM Marker, L AF VerCauteren, Kurt Lavelle, Michael Gehring, Thomas M. Landry, Jean-Marc Marker, Laurie BE Gompper, ME TI Dogs as mediators of conservation conflicts SO FREE-RANGING DOGS AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LIVESTOCK-GUARDING DOGS; PROTECTION DOGS; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; REDUCING PREDATION; DAMAGE MANAGEMENT; DOMESTIC SHEEP; CANADA GEESE; DEER-DAMAGE; WILDLIFE; CATTLE C1 [VerCauteren, Kurt; Lavelle, Michael] USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gehring, Thomas M.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Landry, Jean-Marc] Inst Promot & Res Guarding Anim, Martigny, Switzerland. [Marker, Laurie] Cheetah Conservat Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia. RP VerCauteren, K (reprint author), USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 126 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 978-0-19-966321-7 PY 2014 BP 211 EP 238 PG 28 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Veterinary Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Veterinary Sciences GA BC8DN UT WOS:000355556900012 ER PT B AU Signorello, G Cooper, JC Cucuzza, G De Salvo, M AF Signorello, Giovanni Cooper, Joseph C. Cucuzza, Giuseppe De Salvo, Maria BE Nunes, PALD Kumar, P Dedeurwaerdere, T TI A one-and-one-half bound contingent valuation survey to estimate the benefits of restoring a degraded coastal wetland ecosystem: the case study of Capo Feto, Italy SO HANDBOOK ON THE ECONOMICS OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EMPIRICAL DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; DICHOTOMOUS CHOICE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; CENSORED-DATA; METAANALYSIS; COMPUTATION; BIAS C1 [Signorello, Giovanni] Univ Catania, Environm Valuat, I-95124 Catania, Italy. [Cooper, Joseph C.] Econ Res Serv, Agr Policy & Models Branch, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Cooper, Joseph C.] Econ Res Serv, Market & Trade Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Cucuzza, Giuseppe] Univ Catania, Environm Econ, I-95124 Catania, Italy. [De Salvo, Maria] Univ Verona, I-37100 Verona, Italy. RP Signorello, G (reprint author), Univ Catania, Environm Valuat, I-95124 Catania, Italy. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78195-151-4; 978-1-78195-150-7 PY 2014 BP 407 EP 422 D2 10.4337/9781781951514 PG 16 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC5GW UT WOS:000353272400023 ER PT J AU Dukes, JS Ziska, LH AF Dukes, Jeffrey S. Ziska, Lewis H. BE Ziska, LH Dukes, JS TI Invasive Species and Global Climate Change Introduction SO INVASIVE SPECIES AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE SE CABI Invasives Series LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; INCREASE; IMPACTS; PLANTS; CO2 C1 [Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ziska, Lewis H.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dukes, JS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jsdukes@purdue.edu; l.ziska@ars.usda.gov RI Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009 OI Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-164-5 J9 CABI INVASIVE SER PY 2014 VL 4 BP 1 EP 6 D2 10.1079/9781780641645.0000 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC8DX UT WOS:000355559800002 ER PT J AU Thompson, JP Ziska, LH AF Thompson, John Peter Ziska, Lewis H. BE Ziska, LH Dukes, JS TI Communicating the Dynamic Complexities of Climate and Ecology: Species Invasion and Resource Changes SO INVASIVE SPECIES AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE SE CABI Invasives Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; POLICY; RESPONSES; GRASSES; RISK; CO2 AB As the population reaches beyond 7 billion, the impact of human activities on the global environment will begin to alter substantially the complex biological systems necessary to support life. Of particular concern are anthropogenic changes in atmospheric composition that are altering the climatic processes associated with precipitation, temperature and weather disruptions. However, such direct disturbances can also distress ecosystem function indirectly by facilitating the spread and establishment of non-indigenous (invasive) species. Such species, in turn, can overwhelm biological stability by impacting native diversity negatively or, from a human perspective, by reducing resource availability (e.g. agriculture). As a consequence, system resources, from forests to streams to crops, can become increasingly transient, even as population pressure creates additional needs for such resources. Although these pressures are increasingly recognized, knowledge to address the basic and applied needs related to maintaining ecosystem resources is lacking, in part because of communication disparities between scientists and policy makers. Here, the science underlying climate change and invasive species is examined, in broad terms, and the difficulties in eliciting both the attention and means needed to sustain ecosystem services over time are outlined. Overall, societal awareness of the scientific issues will be necessary to provide the global solutions essential to address the dynamic challenges of a changing climate, invasive species and human resource needs. C1 [Thompson, John Peter] US Natl Invas Species Advisory Comm, Washington, DC 20240 USA. [Thompson, John Peter] Bioecon Policy, Prince Georges Cty, MD 21324 USA. [Ziska, Lewis H.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Thompson, JP (reprint author), US Natl Invas Species Advisory Comm, Washington, DC 20240 USA. EM ipetrus@msn.com; l.ziska@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-164-5 J9 CABI INVASIVE SER PY 2014 VL 4 BP 9 EP 21 D2 10.1079/9781780641645.0000 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC8DX UT WOS:000355559800003 ER PT J AU Blumenthal, DM Kray, JA AF Blumenthal, Dana M. Kray, Julie A. BE Ziska, LH Dukes, JS TI Climate Change, Plant Traits and Invasion in Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems SO INVASIVE SPECIES AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE SE CABI Invasives Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SPECIES CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOIL-WATER AVAILABILITY; ELEVATED CO2; C-4 WEED; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; COMPETITIVE ABILITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AB Invasive plant species often thrive in new and resource-rich environments and may therefore benefit from global changes that create such environments. Global change effects on invasion risk will depend both on the environment in which competition between invasive and resident plant species occurs and on the physiological and life history traits of the competing species. In agricultural environments, risks include the northward movement of many problematic invasive species, decreased biotic resistance to invasion with extreme climatic events and strong global change responses of particular invasive species. However, due to their similar rapid resource acquisition and growth strategies, invasive species and crops may respond similarly to changes that increase resources. Furthermore, management adaptations, such as planting crops or varieties suited to new climate conditions, will help to maintain biotic resistance to invasion in crops. In natural ecosystems, global changes that increase resources rapidly may favour fast-growing invasive plant species and inhibit the slower-growing native species adapted to current climate conditions. In addition, management options to help native species compete with invasive species in novel environments, such as assisted migration, are relatively limited. Thus, with the predicted increases in CO2, precipitation (in some regions) and extreme events, natural ecosystems may be particularly vulnerable to invasion. C1 [Blumenthal, Dana M.; Kray, Julie A.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Blumenthal, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dana.blumenthal@ars.usda.gov; julie.kray@ars.usda.gov NR 126 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-164-5 J9 CABI INVASIVE SER PY 2014 VL 4 BP 62 EP 78 D2 10.1079/9781780641645.0000 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC8DX UT WOS:000355559800006 ER PT J AU Diaz-Soltero, H Scott, PR AF Diaz-Soltero, Hilda Scott, Peter R. BE Ziska, LH Dukes, JS TI Global Identification of Invasive Species: The CABI Invasive Species Compendium as a Resource SO INVASIVE SPECIES AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE SE CABI Invasives Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE; CO2 AB The number, spread and impact of invasive species in the latter half of the 20th century has been without historical precedent. Now, as human activity causes a precipitous rise in greenhouse gas emissions (e.g. CO2), there is growing concern that climate change may also be a significant, long-term driver enhancing invasive species introduction and spread. New and more powerful tools that facilitate linking invasive species and climate change are required to identify and manage these consequences. One such tool, which exploits a wide range of traditional and social media, is the Invasive Species Compendium, or ISC. The ISC is a scientific, web-based encyclopedia that compiles the latest information on the invasive species that have the most negative impacts on the environment, the economy and/or animal or human health. The information in the ISC, updated weekly with the latest scientific findings, can be used; to infer future climate change impacts on an invasive species; to understand the potential environmental and/or economic impacts of the species, and to identify ways to control and manage the species in question. This chapter discusses the value and efficacy of the ISC, with a particular emphasis on its application in a globally warmed future. C1 [Diaz-Soltero, Hilda] USDA, Off Secretary, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Scott, Peter R.] CAB Int, Wallingford OX10 8DE, Oxon, England. RP Diaz-Soltero, H (reprint author), USDA, Off Secretary, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM hdiazsoltero@fs.fed.us; p.scott@cabi.org NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-164-5 J9 CABI INVASIVE SER PY 2014 VL 4 BP 232 EP 239 D2 10.1079/9781780641645.0000 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC8DX UT WOS:000355559800015 ER PT J AU Ziska, LH AF Ziska, Lewis H. BE Ziska, LH Dukes, JS TI Climate, CO2 and Invasive Weed Management SO INVASIVE SPECIES AND GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE SE CABI Invasives Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; INCREASED TOLERANCE; ELYMUS-REPENS; UNITED-STATES; GENE FLOW; GLYPHOSATE; PLANT; CROP; TEMPERATURE; CANADA AB Given the economic and environmental harm caused by invasive weeds, one of the fundamental objectives of weed biologists is to manage invasive populations in order to minimize their impact following introduction. At present, in most developed countries, chemical application remains the principal means of management regarding spread and impact. Yet, it is becoming increasingly clear that there are a number of direct and indirect effects between climate change and rising carbon dioxide levels [CO2] that are likely to alter herbicide efficacy. For those data that suggest a reduction in effectiveness, primarily with rising CO2 levels, there are several (as yet untested) possible physiological and/or physical mechanisms. At present, it appears that a single ubiquitous explanation for reduced efficacy in the context of climate change is unlikely. A number of alternative non-chemical weed control methods are available, and a combination of available management methods under the rubric of integrated pest management may provide a robust strategy to minimize climate change/[CO2] impacts on weed management. Overall, looking forward, it is highly likely that current chemical control practices will need to change to cope with emerging challenges related to increasing herbicide resistance and extreme variation in climate parameters (e.g. drought). It is also clear that research to adapt herbicide management to these challenges deserves more time and attention than it has received to date. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ziska, LH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM l.ziska@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-164-5 J9 CABI INVASIVE SER PY 2014 VL 4 BP 293 EP 304 D2 10.1079/9781780641645.0000 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC8DX UT WOS:000355559800019 ER PT J AU Handler, AM Schetelig, MF AF Handler, Alfred M. Schetelig, Marc F. BE Benedict, MQ TI Tephritid Fruit Fly Transgenesis and Applications SO TRANSGENIC INSECTS: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS SE CABI Biotechnology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GERM-LINE TRANSFORMATION; LETHAL GENETIC SYSTEM; CAPITATA DIPTERA TEPHRITIDAE; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUSES; SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION; STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; ANASTREPHA-SUSPENSA C1 [Handler, Alfred M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Schetelig, Marc F.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phytopathol & Appl Zool, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. RP Handler, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Al.Handler@ars.usda.gov; marc.schetelig@agrar.uni-giessen.de NR 93 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-451-6 J9 CABI BIOTECH SER PY 2014 BP 117 EP 137 D2 10.1079/9781780644516.0000 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC8AY UT WOS:000355482900009 ER PT J AU Scott, MJ Morrison, NI Simmons, GS AF Scott, Maxwell J. Morrison, Neil I. Simmons, Gregory S. BE Benedict, MQ TI Transgenic Approaches for Sterile Insect Control of Dipteran Livestock Pests and Lepidopteran Crop Pests SO TRANSGENIC INSECTS: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS SE CABI Biotechnology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GERM-LINE TRANSFORMATION; CERATITIS-CAPITATA DIPTERA; LETHAL GENETIC SYSTEM; FEMALE-SPECIFIC LETHALITY; LUCILIA-SERICATA DIPTERA; MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT-FLY; NEW-WORLD SCREWWORM; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; SEXING SYSTEM; COCHLIOMYIA-HOMINIVORAX C1 [Scott, Maxwell J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Morrison, Neil I.] Oxitec Ltd, Oxford OX14 4RX, England. [Simmons, Gregory S.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. [Simmons, Gregory S.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Ctr Technol, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. RP Scott, MJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Campus Box 7614, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM max_scott@ncsu.edu; neil.morrison@oxitec.com; Gregory.S.Simmons@aphis.usda.gov RI Scott, Maxwell/J-1935-2015 OI Scott, Maxwell/0000-0001-6536-4735 NR 91 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-451-6 J9 CABI BIOTECH SER PY 2014 BP 152 EP 167 D2 10.1079/9781780644516.0000 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC8AY UT WOS:000355482900011 ER PT J AU Nath, P Bouzyan, M Mattoo, AK Pech, JC AF Nath, Pravendra Bouzyan, Mondher Mattoo, Autar K. Pech, Jean-Claude BE Nath, P Bouzayen, M Mattoo, AK Pech, JC TI Fruit Ripening Physiology, Signalling and Genomics Preface SO FRUIT RIPENING: PHYSIOLOGY, SIGNALLING AND GENOMICS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Nath, Pravendra] CSIR Natl Bot Res Inst, Plant Gene Express Lab, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Bouzyan, Mondher; Pech, Jean-Claude] Inst Natl Polytech ENSA Toulouse, Toulouse, France. [Mattoo, Autar K.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nath, P (reprint author), CSIR Natl Bot Res Inst, Plant Gene Express Lab, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM pravendranath@hotmail.com; mondher.bouzayen@ensat.fr; autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov; jean-claude.pech@ensat.fr NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-962-5 PY 2014 BP IX EP X D2 10.1079/9781845939625.0000 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BC7RU UT WOS:000355178300001 ER PT J AU Tucker, ML AF Tucker, Mark L. BE Nath, P Bouzayen, M Mattoo, AK Pech, JC TI Cell-wall Metabolism and Softening during Ripening SO FRUIT RIPENING: PHYSIOLOGY, SIGNALLING AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TOMATO FRUIT; APPLE FRUIT; DOWN-REGULATION; MESSENGER-RNA; POLYGALACTURONASE ACTIVITY; POSTHARVEST PHYSIOLOGY; ANTISENSE SUPPRESSION; QUALITY MAINTENANCE; TRANSGENIC TOMATOES; ETHYLENE PRODUCTION C1 ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Tucker, ML (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, BARC West, Bldg 006,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mark.tucker@ars.usda.gov NR 92 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-962-5 PY 2014 BP 48 EP 62 D2 10.1079/9781845939625.0000 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BC7RU UT WOS:000355178300005 ER PT J AU Handa, AK Anwar, R Mattoo, AK AF Handa, Avtar K. Anwar, Raheel Mattoo, Autar K. BE Nath, P Bouzayen, M Mattoo, AK Pech, JC TI Biotechnology of Fruit Quality SO FRUIT RIPENING: PHYSIOLOGY, SIGNALLING AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TRANSGENIC TOMATO PLANTS; PECTIN METHYLESTERASE GENE; RNAI-MEDIATED SUPPRESSION; LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM MILL.; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GENE; LYCOPENE EPSILON-CYCLASE; STILBENE SYNTHASE GENE; BRASSICA-NAPUS SEEDS; PECTATE LYASE GENE C1 [Handa, Avtar K.; Anwar, Raheel] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Anwar, Raheel] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Hort Sci, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. [Mattoo, Autar K.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Handa, AK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ahanda@purdue.edu; ranwar@purdue.edu; autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov NR 238 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-962-5 PY 2014 BP 259 EP 290 D2 10.1079/9781845939625.0000 PG 32 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BC7RU UT WOS:000355178300017 ER PT J AU Giovannoni, J AF Giovannoni, James BE Nath, P Bouzayen, M Mattoo, AK Pech, JC TI Insights into Plant Epigenome Dynamics SO FRUIT RIPENING: PHYSIOLOGY, SIGNALLING AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DIRECTED DNA-METHYLATION; TOMATO FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; SMALL SILENCING RNAS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CHROMATIN STATES; BIOTIC STRESS; GENE; DEMETHYLATION; GENOME; PROTEIN C1 [Giovannoni, James] Cornell Univ, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Giovannoni, J (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jjg33@cornell.edu NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-962-5 PY 2014 BP 291 EP 299 D2 10.1079/9781845939625.0000 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BC7RU UT WOS:000355178300018 ER PT B AU Showler, AT AF Showler, Allan T. BE Gaur, RK Sharma, P TI Plant-arthropod Interactions Affected by Water Deficit Stress through Association with Changes in Plant free Amino Acid Accumulations SO MOLECULAR APPROACHES IN PLANT ABIOTIC STRESS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE arthropods; drought; free amino acids; herbivores; insects; plants; water deficit stress ID RICE BORER LEPIDOPTERA; LENGTH CDNA MICROARRAY; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; WHEAT APHID HOMOPTERA; DROUGHT STRESS; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; GENE-EXPRESSION; COTTON PLANTS; BEET ARMYWORM; MITE ACARI AB Water deficit stress, or drought conditions, can elicit accumulations of nutrients in plants, including proteins, carbohydrates, and others that can favor insect growth and development. Among such nutrients, free amino acids, which are known to be instrumental in the maintenance of host plant osmotic balance, are typically detected in elevated concentrations. Hence, moderate water deficit stress has been reported to heighten the nutritional value of plant tissues and juices particularly in terms of free amino acids. In their free, or unbound, state, amino acids are readily available for use by phytophagous arthropods because nitrogen is absorbed through the insect gut chiefly as free amino acids or small peptides, reducing the cost of proteolysis. The increased nutritional value of water deficit-stressed host plants resulting from elevated accumulations of free amino acids and other nutrients has been associated with attraction of phytophagous arthropods to those plants, intensified population development and pest abundance, and increased injury inflicted to stressed plants than to well watered plants. In some instances, phytophagous arthropod outbreaks have occurred as a result of water deficit stress and concurrent changes to the nutritional status of affected plant hosts. Drought conditions and concomitant water deficit stress in crops has implications for pest control using chemical or biological methods. The negative effects of water deficit stress on crop pest control and crop quality could be ameliorated or turned to advantage through landscape-scale cropping strategies designed to exploit pest preferences and nutritional needs in relation to drought conditions. C1 USDA ARS, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Showler, AT (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM Allan.showler@ars.usda.gov NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-8894-3; 978-1-4665-8893-6 PY 2014 BP 339 EP 352 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BC7QG UT WOS:000355144300021 ER PT B AU Wang, XD Liu, C AF Wang, Xiang-Dong Liu, Chun BE Fox, JG Marini, RP TI The Ferret in Lung Carcinogenesis and Nutritional Chemoprevention Research SO BIOLOGY AND DISEASES OF THE FERRET, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BETA-CAROTENE SUPPLEMENTATION; SMOKE-EXPOSED FERRETS; MUSTELA-PUTORIUS-FURO; A/J MOUSE MODEL; ASCORBIC-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION; 6-MONTH DAILY SUPPLEMENTATION; VITAMIN-A PRODUCTION; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; RETINOIC ACID; IN-VITRO C1 [Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Liu, Chun] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-78269-9; 978-0-470-96045-5 PY 2014 BP 779 EP 793 D2 10.1002/9781118782699 PG 15 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA BC7IT UT WOS:000354901200033 ER PT B AU Shoemaker, CA Klesius, PH AF Shoemaker, Craig A. Klesius, Phillip H. BE Gudding, R Lillehaug, A Evensen, O TI Replicating Vaccines SO FISH VACCINATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; AUXOTROPHIC AROA MUTANT; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; CULTURED CYPRINUS-CARPIO; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; CHANNEL CATFISH; RAINBOW-TROUT; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA AB Early work on fish immunology and disease resistance demonstrated fish that survived infection were usually resistant upon re-infection. The concepts of immune resistance upon re-infection led to the research and development of replicating (live) vaccines. Replicating vaccines are successfully used in human, veterinary, and aquatic animal medicine to prevent disease. Attenuation strategies used to develop live vaccines for fish include laboratory passage, antigen mimicry, physical or chemical mutagenesis and genetic modification using molecular techniques. Laboratory studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of live vaccines in fish; however, regulatory approval in the European Union (EU), Asia and South America has not favored licensure. Replicating vaccines induce mucosal, cellular and humoral immunity. Research has also proven immersion delivery of live vaccines. Today, three live bacterial vaccines have been licensed for use in fish, including a vaccine against bacterial kidney disease (Canada, Chile and the US), one against enteric septicemia of catfish, and one against columnaris disease in catfish (US). A live viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) vaccine is available in Germany. Use of replicating vaccines in aquaculture is an appropriate strategy if potential risks to fish, environment and people are low or negligible. Regulatory authorities should consider the potential release of these vaccines into the environment only with supporting scientific data documenting safety, reversion to virulence potential and the absence of plasmid(s) and/or transmissible genetic elements that encode antibacterial resistance. As with all intensive animal production, vaccines are tools to be used in association with sound health management and biosecurity plans to result in the greatest benefit. C1 [Shoemaker, Craig A.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Shoemaker, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM craig.shoemaker@ars.usda.gov; phillip.klesius@ars.usda.gov NR 112 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-80692-0; 978-0-470-67455-0 PY 2014 BP 33 EP 46 D2 10.1002/9781118806913 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BC7IE UT WOS:000354894300005 ER PT B AU Holm, A Rippke, BE Noda, K AF Holm, Anja Rippke, Byron E. Noda, Ken BE Gudding, R Lillehaug, A Evensen, O TI Legal Requirements and Authorization of Fish Vaccines SO FISH VACCINATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SALMO-SALAR L; ATLANTIC SALMON AB A vaccine for fish must have an authorization from the competent authority of the country or region where it is to be used. The legislation, requirements and involved regulatory bodies for authorization and use may vary, and the precise rules and advice for a specific country should be sought from the relevant competent authority prior to any use or trade. C1 [Holm, Anja] Danish Hlth & Med Author, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. [Rippke, Byron E.] USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Noda, Ken] Minist Agr Forestry & Fisheries, Food Safety & Consumer Affairs Bur, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1008950, Japan. RP Holm, A (reprint author), Danish Hlth & Med Author, Axel Heides Gade 1, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. EM anh@dkma.dk; byron.e.rippke@aphis.usda.gov; ken_noda@nval.maff.go.jp NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-80692-0; 978-0-470-67455-0 PY 2014 BP 128 EP 139 D2 10.1002/9781118806913 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BC7IE UT WOS:000354894300012 ER PT B AU Klesius, PH Pridgeon, JW AF Klesius, Phillip H. Pridgeon, Julia W. BE Gudding, R Lillehaug, A Evensen, O TI Vaccination against Enteric Septicemia of Catfish SO FISH VACCINATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI VACCINE; PANGASIUS-HYPOPHTHALMUS SAUVAGE; CHANNEL CATFISH; PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; PELTEOBAGRUS-FULVIDRACO; BACILLARY NECROSIS; RAINBOW-TROUT; MUTANT-STRAIN; FISH PATHOGEN; MEKONG DELTA AB Edwardsiella ictaluri is an important aquaculture pathogen that causes enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) as well as non-ictalurid fish species. An attenuated live vaccine against ESC has been commercially licensed for mass immunization through bath immersion. The commercially available attenuated live vaccine against ESC was produced through a rifampicin-resistance strategy. In addition, another attenuated live vaccine against ESC was developed through a novobiocin-resistance strategy. Inactivated ESC vaccine is not commercially available in the US. The occurrence, significance, etiology, pathogenesis, vaccine, vaccination procedures, vaccine effects and efficacies are reviewed in this chapter. C1 [Klesius, Phillip H.; Pridgeon, Julia W.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Klesius, PH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM phillip.klesius@ars.usda.gov; julia.pridgeon@ars.usda.gov NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-80692-0; 978-0-470-67455-0 PY 2014 BP 211 EP 225 D2 10.1002/9781118806913 PG 15 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BC7IE UT WOS:000354894300019 ER PT B AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. BE Gudding, R Lillehaug, A Evensen, O TI Vaccination against Streptococcosis and Lactococcosis SO FISH VACCINATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCUS; FARMED RAINBOW-TROUT; YELLOWTAIL SERIOLA-QUINQUERADIATA; FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; CELL-FREE CULTURE; ENTEROCOCCUS-SERIOLICIDA; VIRULENCE FACTOR; ATLANTIC SALMON AB Streptococcosis and lactococcosis are hyperacute systemic diseases that can occur in both cultured and wild fish species in various aquatic environments of all countries that sustain an active aquaculture. The causative agents of streptococcosis and lactococcosis are gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genus Streptococcus and Lactococcus, respectively, including S. agalactiae, S. iniae, and L. garvieae. Their occurrence, significance, etiology, pathogenesis, vaccines, vaccination procedures, vaccine effects and side-effects are included in this review, with a focus on their vaccine development. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM julia.pridgeon@ars.usda.gov; phillip.klesius@ars.usda.gov NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-80692-0; 978-0-470-67455-0 PY 2014 BP 236 EP 245 D2 10.1002/9781118806913 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BC7IE UT WOS:000354894300021 ER PT B AU Elliott, DG Wiens, GD Hammell, KL Rhodes, LD AF Elliott, Diane G. Wiens, Gregory D. Hammell, K. Larry Rhodes, Linda D. BE Gudding, R Lillehaug, A Evensen, O TI Vaccination against Bacterial Kidney Disease SO FISH VACCINATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SPRING CHINOOK SALMON; PATHOGEN RENIBACTERIUM-SALMONINARUM; TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; CULTURED COHO SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON; CAUSATIVE AGENT; SALAR L AB Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) of salmonid fishes, caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum, has presented challenges for development of effective vaccines, despite several decades of research. The only vaccine against BKD that is commercially licensed is an injectable preparation containing live cells of Arthrobacter davidanieli (proposed nomenclature), a non-pathogenic environmental bacterium with a relatively close phylogenetic relationship to R. salmoninarum. The stimulatory effect of the live vaccine is believed to be associated with an Arthrobacter surface carbohydrate that is similar to the exopolysaccharide of R. salmoninarum. Significant protection of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) against BKD, but limited or no protection of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) against the disease, has been observed following intraperitoneal injection of the vaccine. Further research is needed for development of more efficacious BKD vaccines for a wider range of salmonid species. C1 [Elliott, Diane G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Wiens, Gregory D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Hammell, K. Larry] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada. [Rhodes, Linda D.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Elliott, DG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 Northeast 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM dgelliott@usgs.gov; greg.wiens@ars.usda.gov; lhammell@upei.ca; linda.rhodes@noaa.gov OI Rhodes, Linda/0000-0003-4995-9426 NR 144 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-80692-0; 978-0-470-67455-0 PY 2014 BP 255 EP 272 D2 10.1002/9781118806913 PG 18 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BC7IE UT WOS:000354894300023 ER PT B AU Holck, J Hotchkiss, AT Meyer, AS Mikkelsen, JD Rastall, RA AF Holck, Jesper Hotchkiss, Arland T., Jr. Meyer, Anne S. Mikkelsen, Jorn D. Rastall, Robert A. BE Moreno, FJ Sanz, ML TI Production and Bioactivity of Pectic Oligosaccharides from Fruit and Vegetable Biomass SO FOOD OLIGOSACCHARIDES: PRODUCTION, ANALYSIS AND BIOACTIVITY SE IFT Press Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MODIFIED CITRUS PECTIN; SUGAR-BEET PULP; IN-VITRO FERMENTATION; PROSTATE-CANCER CELLS; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; ARABINO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; FERULOYLATED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; OLIGOGALACTURONIC ACIDS; FRUCTO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES C1 [Holck, Jesper; Meyer, Anne S.; Mikkelsen, Jorn D.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hotchkiss, Arland T., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Serv, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Rastall, Robert A.] Univ Reading, Dept Food & Nutr Sci, Reading, Berks, England. RP Holck, J (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RI Holck, Jesper/Q-4399-2016 OI Holck, Jesper/0000-0002-8072-1101 NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-81742-1; 978-1-118-42649-4 J9 IFT PRESS SER PY 2014 BP 76 EP 87 D2 10.1002/9781118817360 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BC7FY UT WOS:000354815200006 ER PT B AU Whitall, D Thomas, C Brink, S Bartlett, G AF Whitall, Debra Thomas, Craig Brink, Steve Bartlett, Gina BE Morgan, DF Cook, BJ TI INTEREST-BASED DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY IN NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SO NEW PUBLIC GOVERNANCE: A REGIME-CENTERED PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Public Service Leadership in a Globalized World CY SEP 30, 2011 CL Portland State Univ, Portland, OR SP Hatfield Sch Govt Ctr Public Serv HO Portland State Univ C1 [Thomas, Craig] Sierra Forest Legacy, Garden Valley, CA USA. [Thomas, Craig] Sierra Forest Legacy, Efforts Defend Sierra Excess Logging & Protect Si, Garden Valley, CA USA. [Brink, Steve] Calif Forestry Assoc, Sacramento, CA USA. [Brink, Steve] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Bartlett, Gina] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Ctr Collaborat Policy, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Whitall, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU M E SHARPE INC PI ARMONK PA 80 BUSINESS PARK DRIVE, ARMONK, NY 10504 USA BN 978-0-7656-4100-7; 978-0-7656-4101-4; 978-0-7656-4099-4 PY 2014 BP 169 EP 179 PG 11 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA BC6YL UT WOS:000354603000013 ER PT B AU Kim, H Yokoyama, WH AF Kim, Hyunsook Yokoyama, Wallace H. BE Zhou, W TI Nutritional Attributes of Bakery Products SO BAKERY PRODUCTS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GLYCEMIC LOAD VALUES; DIETARY FIBER; RESISTANT STARCH; FERULIC ACID; HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; GUT MICROBES; BREAD C1 [Kim, Hyunsook] Konkuk Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Physiol, Seoul, South Korea. [Yokoyama, Wallace H.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Konkuk Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Physiol, Seoul, South Korea. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-79200-1; 978-1-119-96715-6 PY 2014 BP 409 EP 415 D2 10.1002/9781118792001 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BC3FB UT WOS:000351596900024 ER PT S AU Tang, JD Diehl, SV AF Tang, Juliet D. Diehl, Susan V. BE Schultz, TP Goodell, B Nicholas, DD TI Omics and the Future of Sustainable Biomaterials SO DETERIORATION AND PROTECTION OF SUSTAINABLE BIOMATERIALS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FUNGUS PHANEROCHAETE-CARNOSA; BROWN-ROT; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GENE-EXPRESSION; WOOD DECAY; CERIPORIOPSIS-SUBVERMISPORA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; FIBROPORIA-RADICULOSA; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS AB With global focus on the conversion of biomass into products, fuels, and energy, there is a strong need for information that will lead to new sustainable products, applications, and biotechnological advances. The omics approach to biology is a discovery-driven method that may deliver solutions to these overarching problems. It gives scientists the ability to obtain a systems-level understanding of life that begins with identifying the genome or genes in an organism. The pivotal technology that enabled this revolutionary approach is next generation DNA sequencing. New fields bring new jargon and new analytical methods making it difficult to appreciate the technology or the significance of the science. Our goal in this review is to present an introduction to the most important omics approaches that have been used to gain insight into how wood decay fungi convert lignocellulose into energy and why certain species are metal-tolerant. The expectation is that once relevant genes are identified, biotechnological methods will give rise to novel solutions that will advance wood protection and utilization. C1 [Tang, Juliet D.] ARS, USDA, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Tang, Juliet D.; Diehl, Susan V.] Mississippi State Univ, Forest Prod, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Tang, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res, POB 5367,810 Highway 12E, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM juliet.tang@ars.usda.gov NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3004-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1158 BP 59 EP 79 D2 10.1021/bk-2014-1158 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA BC5SN UT WOS:000353531600003 ER PT S AU Kirker, GT AF Kirker, Grant T. BE Schultz, TP Goodell, B Nicholas, DD TI Genetic Identification of Fungi Involved in Wood Decay SO DETERIORATION AND PROTECTION OF SUSTAINABLE BIOMATERIALS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; AMPLIFIED RIBOSOMAL DNA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACERS; RESTRICTION ANALYSIS ARDRA; PICEA-ABIES FOREST; T-RFLP; INHABITING FUNGI; ROTTING FUNGI; NORTH-AMERICA AB Wood decay is a complex process that involves contributions from molds, bacteria, decay fungi, and often insects. The first step in the accurate diagnosis of decay is identification of the causal agents, but wood decay in the strictest sense (white and brown rot) is caused by cryptic fungal species that are very difficult to identify using traditional methods. Genetic methods offer fast, reliable, and accurate means to identify microbes from infected woody material. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the available first generation DNA based techniques for identification of microorganisms, primarily fungi, involved in the decay process and to discuss their strengths and limitations. C1 USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Kirker, GT (reprint author), USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM gkirker@fs.fed.us OI Kirker, Grant/0000-0001-6073-6624 NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3004-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1158 BP 81 EP 91 D2 10.1021/bk-2014-1158 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA BC5SN UT WOS:000353531600004 ER PT S AU Kirker, G Winandy, J AF Kirker, Grant Winandy, Jerrold BE Schultz, TP Goodell, B Nicholas, DD TI Above Ground Deterioration of Wood and Wood-Based Materials SO DETERIORATION AND PROTECTION OF SUSTAINABLE BIOMATERIALS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DURABILITY; COMPOSITES; DECAY AB Wood as a material has unique properties that make it ideal for above ground exposure in a wide range of structural and non-strucutral applications. However, no material is without limitations. Wood is a bio-polymer which is subject to degradative processes, both abiotic and biotic. This chapter is a general summary of the abiotic and biotic factors that impact service life of wood in above ground exposures, and briefly discusses test methodologies commonly used in North America to determine the durability of wood and wood based materials in above ground exposure. Current efforts to improve service life estimates for wood and wood based materials are also discussed. C1 [Kirker, Grant] USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Winandy, Jerrold] Winandy & Associates LLC, East Bethel, MN 55011 USA. RP Kirker, G (reprint author), USDA FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM gkirker@fs.fed.us OI Kirker, Grant/0000-0001-6073-6624 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3004-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1158 BP 113 EP 129 D2 10.1021/bk-2014-1158 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA BC5SN UT WOS:000353531600006 ER PT S AU Lebow, ST AF Lebow, Stan T. BE Schultz, TP Goodell, B Nicholas, DD TI Evaluating the Leaching of Biocides from Preservative-Treated Wood Products SO DETERIORATION AND PROTECTION OF SUSTAINABLE BIOMATERIALS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CCA-C; ABOVEGROUND EXPOSURE; SIMULATED RAINFALL; MOISTURE-CONTENT; PINE LUMBER; FRESH-WATER; RED PINE; COPPER; CHROMIUM; RELEASE AB Leaching of biocides is an important consideration in the long term durability and any potential for environmental impact of treated wood products. This chapter discusses factors affecting biocide leaching, as well as methods of evaluating rate and quantity of biocide released. The extent of leaching is a function of preservative formulation, treatment methods, wood properties, type of application and exposure conditions. Wood properties such as permeability, chemistry and heartwood content affect both the amount of biocide contained in the wood as well as its resistance to leaching. A range of exposure factors and site conditions can affect leaching, but the most important of these appears to be the extent of exposure to water. For wood that is immersed in water or placed in contact with the ground the characteristics of that water (pH and inorganic and organic constituents) also play a role. For wood that is used above-ground or above water, the frequency of precipitation and patterns of wetting and drying are key considerations. Current standardized methods are intended to greatly accelerate leaching but are not well-suited to estimating leaching in service. Continued research is needed to refine methods that utilize larger specimens and more closely simulate in-service moisture conditions. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Lebow, ST (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM slebow@fs.fed.us NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3004-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1158 BP 239 EP 254 D2 10.1021/bk-2014-1158 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA BC5SN UT WOS:000353531600014 ER PT S AU Schultz, TP Nicholas, DD Lebow, P AF Schultz, Tor P. Nicholas, Darrel D. Lebow, Patti BE Schultz, TP Goodell, B Nicholas, DD TI Discussion on Prior Commercial Wood Preservation Systems That Performed Less Well Than Expected SO DETERIORATION AND PROTECTION OF SUSTAINABLE BIOMATERIALS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ALKYLAMMONIUM COMPOUNDS; EFFICACY; POLES; DECAY AB This article reviews five prior commercial wood preservatives that had efficacy concerns. A common factor among all five systems was minimal or no field testing of the proposed system prior to commercialization. Also, the formulation of a successful preservative was twice changed, and one successful system was employed with a new wood species. There is no intent to hold responsible any individual(s), company(ies), or organization(s) for these failures; the purpose is to simply discuss systems which performed less well than expected and report on failure factors. Because it appears that longer field evaluations prior to commercialization might have identified poor performance, a preliminary study of the effect of exposure time was performed. Data from three ground-contact studies of the fungal efficacy of experimental systems run at two sites were compared to the efficacies of positive control biocides which have long provided adequate commercial wood protection. Systems that were "poor" because of low initial biocide treatment required an exposure of three or fewer years to detect differences from a positive control. However, some systems which were treated to moderate biocide levels, and initially performed adequately, suffered greater fungal degradation than the positive controls after four or more years. This study indicates that exposure times longer than the currently-required three years may be needed to determine if a system treated to the proposed commercial retentions will perform adequately for the long service life expected by consumers. C1 [Schultz, Tor P.] Silvaware Inc, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Nicholas, Darrel D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod FWRC, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Lebow, Patti] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Schultz, TP (reprint author), Silvaware Inc, 303 Mangrove Palm, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM tschultz.silvaware@bellsouth.net NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3004-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1158 BP 255 EP 265 D2 10.1021/bk-2014-1158 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA BC5SN UT WOS:000353531600015 ER PT B AU DeFazio, JT AF DeFazio, John T., Jr. BE Rohnke, AT Cummins, JL TI Backyard Wildlife and Habitat SO FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT: A HANDBOOK FOR MISSISSIPPI LANDOWNERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP DeFazio, JT (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PRESS MISSISSIPPI PI JACKSON PA 3825 RIDGEWOOD RD, JACKSON, MS 39211 USA BN 978-1-62846-028-5; 978-1-62846-027-8 PY 2014 BP 315 EP 330 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA BC5WC UT WOS:000353583000015 ER PT B AU Godwin, KC AF Godwin, Kristina C. BE Rohnke, AT Cummins, JL TI Wildlife Damage Control and Management SO FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT: A HANDBOOK FOR MISSISSIPPI LANDOWNERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Godwin, KC (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PRESS MISSISSIPPI PI JACKSON PA 3825 RIDGEWOOD RD, JACKSON, MS 39211 USA BN 978-1-62846-028-5; 978-1-62846-027-8 PY 2014 BP 331 EP 358 PG 28 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA BC5WC UT WOS:000353583000016 ER PT S AU Chamorro, ML AF Chamorro, Maria Lourdes BE Leschen, RAB Beutel, RG TI Lamprosomatinae Lacordaire, 1848 SO ARTHROPODA: INSECTA: COLEOPTERA, BEETLES, VOL 3: MORPHOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS (PHYTOPHAGA) SE Handbook of Zoology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CRYPTOCEPHALINI COLEOPTERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE; MORPHOLOGY; LARVA C1 ARS, Systemat Entomolgy Lab, PSI, USDA,Dept Entomol,Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Na, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chamorro, ML (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomolgy Lab, PSI, USDA,Dept Entomol,Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Na, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM lourdes.chamorro@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2193-4231 BN 978-3-11-027446-2 J9 HBK ZOOL PY 2014 BP 226 EP 230 PG 5 WC Entomology; Zoology SC Entomology; Zoology GA BB3AI UT WOS:000342613500013 ER PT S AU Chamorro, ML AF Chamorro, Maria Lourdes BE Leschen, RAB Beutel, RG TI Cryptocephalinae Gyllenhal, 1813 SO ARTHROPODA: INSECTA: COLEOPTERA, BEETLES, VOL 3: MORPHOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS (PHYTOPHAGA) SE Handbook of Zoology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE CRYPTOCEPHALINAE; IMMATURE STAGES; NEOCHLAMISUS KARREN; NEARCTIC GENERA; MORPHOLOGY; BEETLES; LARVA; AUSTRALIA; GENUS; EGGS C1 ARS, Systemat Entomolgy Lab, PSI, USDA,Dept Entomol,Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Na, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chamorro, ML (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomolgy Lab, PSI, USDA,Dept Entomol,Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Na, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM lourdes.chamorro@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2193-4231 BN 978-3-11-027446-2 J9 HBK ZOOL PY 2014 BP 230 EP 236 PG 7 WC Entomology; Zoology SC Entomology; Zoology GA BB3AI UT WOS:000342613500014 ER PT B AU Reed, BM AF Reed, Barbara M. BE Noor, NM TI Applying Cryopreservation Techniques to Diverse Biological Materials SO BIOINFORMATICS IN SYSTEMS BIOLOGY & CRYOPRESERVATION IN AGROBIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENERBIT UNIV KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA PI SELANGOR DE PA 43600 UKM BANGI, SELANGOR DE, 00000, MALAYSIA BN 978-967-412-247-8 PY 2014 BP 76 EP 88 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BC2TY UT WOS:000351317600005 ER PT J AU Berti, M Johnson, B Gesch, R Aponte, A Luckaschewsky, J Ji, Y Seames, W AF Berti, Marisol Johnson, Burton Gesch, Russ Aponte, Alfredo Luckaschewsky, Johanna Ji, Yun Seames, Wayne BE Hoffman, C Baxter, D Maniatis, K Grassi, A Helm, P TI ENERGY BALANCE OF RELAY- AND DOUBLE-CROPPING SYSTEMS FOR FOOD, FEED, AND FUEL IN THE NORTH CENTRAL REGION, USA SO PAPERS OF THE 22ND EUROPEAN BIOMASS CONFERENCE: SETTING THE COURSE FOR A BIOBASED ECONOMY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd European International Biomass Conference - Setting the Course for a Biobased Economy CY JUN 23-26, 2014 CL Hamburg, GERMANY DE biomass crops; oilseeds; double-cropping; relay-cropping; camelina; forage sorghum; net energy; energy efficiency; energy balance ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CORN-BELT; CAMELINA; BIOMASS AB Short-life cycle, high seed oil content winter-annual species like camelina (Camelina sativa L.), grow exceptionally well in the North Central US. Recent findings indicate that winter camelina, matures early enough to allow double- or relay-cropping with forage or food crops. Additionally, double-cropping reduces the pressure on food production resulting from the introduction of energy crops while providing many environmental benefits. Forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is an energy-efficient annual forage crop candidate that can produce high yield under droughty conditions and has low production inputs. The objective was to determine the biomass-oil yield of double- and relay-cropping sequences and compare their energy balance. Winter camelina, cv. Joelle, was planted at Prosper and Carrington, ND, on 29 August, and 1 September, 2011, respectively. The experiment was a RCBD with a split-plot arrangement, where the main plot was winter camelina or fallow, and the sub-plot, forage sorghum, soybean (Glycine max L.), and maize (Zea mays L.). Relay-seeding was performed in late April/early May with corn and soybean and by 15 May with forage sorghum. Double-cropping with sorghum or soybean followed camelina harvest at the end of June. All inputs were recorded in each sequence and converted to energy values. Outputs were calculated for biomass, seed, or crop residue. In Prosper, the energy efficiency in the 11 cropping systems fluctuated from 2.4 to 41.0 GJ ha(-1), in Carrington, 1.6 to 21.6 GJ ha(-1), and in Morris 0.9 to 42.6 GJ ha(-1). Energy efficiency was higher for soybean, corn, and sorghum in monoculture. Although, camelina double- and relay-cropping systems showed significantly lower energy efficiency than the monocultures, the most efficient system within the compound systems was the camelina-relay sorghum cropping system. More research is needed to estimate the contribution of other ecosystem services to the energy balance of novel systems. C1 [Berti, Marisol; Johnson, Burton; Aponte, Alfredo; Luckaschewsky, Johanna] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Gesch, Russ] ARS, USDA, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Ji, Yun; Seames, Wayne] Univ N Dakota, Dept Chem Engn, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Berti, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM marisol.berti@ndsu.edu NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU ETA-FLORENCE PI FLORENCE PA PIAZZA SAVONAROLA 10, I-50132 FLORENCE, ITALY PY 2014 BP 102 EP 107 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC2LG UT WOS:000351053500018 ER PT S AU Biresaw, G AF Biresaw, Girma BE Rhee, IS TI Environmentally Friendly Lubricant-Development Programs at USDA SO ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSIDERATE LUBRICANTS SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Environmentally Considerate Lubricants CY DEC09, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP ASTM Int Comm D02 Petr Prod Liquid Fuels & Lubricants, ASTM Int Subcommittee D02.12 Environm Stand Lubricants DE biobased lubricants; commodity vegetable oils; CRADA; high-oleic vegetable oils; heat-bodied oils; estolides ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; VEGETABLE-OILS; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; SEED OILS; LESQUERELLA; DERIVATIVES; BUTANETHIOL; OXIDATION; ESTOLIDES; ACID AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) carries out a wide range of programs to help in the development and commercialization of biobased lubricants. Widespread use of bioproducts will have wide-ranging benefits to the environment, the rural economy, and the safety and well-being of the American people. The USDA's programs can be broadly classified as technology and policy related. The technology-related programs are mainly focused on biobased product development in accordance with the demands of the lubricant market. The current lubricant market is about 10.6 x 10(9) gallons per year worldwide of which about 1 % is biobased. This brings a lot of market growth opportunities for biobased lubricants at the expense of petroleum-based lubricants. Because base oils account for nearly 80 % of the lubricant market, the USDA's technology programs are mainly focused on developing robust biobased base oils that successfully compete against petroleum-based base oils. The policy aspect of the USDA's program is intended to encourage and support biobased lubricant development efforts outside of the USDA. The USDA manages the BioPreferred program, which allows manufacturers to list their biobased products that meet the minimum biobased content, so they will be considered for purchase by Federal procurement officials. The program also awards the "USDA Certified Biobased Product" to qualified products. The policy aspect also includes the awarding of competitive grants to researchers and small businesses. The USDA is party to several cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs) within the private sector. The CRADAs have allowed discoveries made in the lab to be further tested, developed, and to enter the market. C1 USDA ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Biresaw, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM girma.biresaw@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7595-2 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2014 VL 1575 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1520/STP157520130172 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BC2OM UT WOS:000351135600002 ER PT B AU Fayer, R Santin-Duran, M AF Fayer, Ronald Santin-Duran, Monica BE Weiss, LM Becnel, JJ TI Epidemiology of Microsporidia in Human Infections SO MICROSPORIDIA: PATHOGENS OF OPPORTUNITY, 1ST EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ENTEROCYTOZOON-BIENEUSI GENOTYPES; RENAL-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI INFECTIONS; HUMAN-PATHOGENIC MICROSPORIDIA; GENETICALLY DISTINCT STRAINS; INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS; AIDS PATIENTS; SEPTATA-INTESTINALIS C1 [Fayer, Ronald; Santin-Duran, Monica] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fayer, R (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 249 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39526-4; 978-1-118-39522-6 PY 2014 BP 135 EP 164 D2 10.1002/9781118395264 PG 30 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA BC3HP UT WOS:000351664300004 ER PT B AU Molestina, R Becnel, JJ Weiss, LM AF Molestina, Robert Becnel, James J. Weiss, Louis M. BE Weiss, LM Becnel, JJ TI Culture and Propagation of Microsporidia SO MICROSPORIDIA: PATHOGENS OF OPPORTUNITY, 1ST EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IN-VITRO CULTURE; ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI STRAINS; HEAD KIDNEY MACROPHAGES; G MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; AIDS PATIENT; NOSEMA-ALGERAE; SEPTATA-INTESTINALIS; VITTAFORMA-CORNEAE; WESTERN-BLOT; LIFE-CYCLE C1 [Molestina, Robert] ATCC, Protistol Dept, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Becnel, James J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Weiss, Louis M.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Div Parasitol & Trop Med, Bronx, NY USA. [Weiss, Louis M.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Bronx, NY USA. RP Molestina, R (reprint author), ATCC, Protistol Dept, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. NR 87 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39526-4; 978-1-118-39522-6 PY 2014 BP 457 EP 467 D2 10.1002/9781118395264 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA BC3HP UT WOS:000351664300019 ER PT B AU Becnel, JJ Andreadis, TG AF Becnel, James J. Andreadis, Theodore G. BE Weiss, LM Becnel, JJ TI Microsporidia in Insects SO MICROSPORIDIA: PATHOGENS OF OPPORTUNITY, 1ST EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SP-NOV MICROSPORA; MUSCIDIFURAX-RAPTOR HYMENOPTERA; AMBLYOSPORA SP MICROSPORA; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; HOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS; N-SP MICROSPORA; HYALINOCYSTA-CHAPMANI MICROSPORIDIA; NOSEMA-FUMIFERANAE MICROSPORIDIA; FIMBRIATUS-FIMBRIATUS COPEPODA; EDHAZARDIA-AEDIS MICROSPORA C1 [Becnel, James J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Andreadis, Theodore G.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Ctr Vector Biol & Zoonot Dis, New Haven, CT USA. RP Becnel, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. NR 311 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39526-4; 978-1-118-39522-6 PY 2014 BP 521 EP 570 D2 10.1002/9781118395264 PG 50 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA BC3HP UT WOS:000351664300022 ER PT B AU Bjornson, S Oi, D AF Bjornson, Susan Oi, David BE Weiss, LM Becnel, JJ TI Microsporidia Biological Control Agents and Pathogens of Beneficial Insects SO MICROSPORIDIA: PATHOGENS OF OPPORTUNITY, 1ST EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; THELOHANIA-SOLENOPSAE MICROSPORIDIA; IMPORTED FIRE ANT; MUSCIDIFURAX-RAPTOR HYMENOPTERA; NOSEMA-LOCUSTAE MICROSPORIDA; CONVERGENS GUERIN-MENEVILLE; BUDWORM CHORISTONEURA-FUMIFERANA; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS LEPIDOPTERA; GYPSY-MOTH POPULATIONS; AMBLYOSPORA-CONNECTICUS MICROSPORIDA C1 [Bjornson, Susan] St Marys Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Oi, David] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Bjornson, S (reprint author), St Marys Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada. NR 242 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39526-4; 978-1-118-39522-6 PY 2014 BP 635 EP 670 D2 10.1002/9781118395264 PG 36 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA BC3HP UT WOS:000351664300026 ER PT B AU Becnel, JJ Takvorian, PM Cali, A AF Becnel, James J. Takvorian, Peter M. Cali, Ann BE Weiss, LM Becnel, JJ TI Checklist of Available Generic Names for Microsporidia with Type Species and Type Hosts SO MICROSPORIDIA: PATHOGENS OF OPPORTUNITY, 1ST EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SP-NOV MICROSPORA; SP-N MICROSPORIDA; LOUSE LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS; OPEROPHTERA-BRUMATA L; MANSONIA-AFRICANA DIPTERA; GEN-N; LIFE-CYCLE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PROTOZOA-MICROSPORIDA; DAPHNIA-MAGNA C1 [Becnel, James J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Takvorian, Peter M.; Cali, Ann] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. RP Becnel, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. NR 226 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39526-4; 978-1-118-39522-6 PY 2014 BP 671 EP 686 D2 10.1002/9781118395264 PG 16 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA BC3HP UT WOS:000351664300027 ER PT S AU Madsen, MD Zvirzdin, DL Roundy, BA Kostka, SJ AF Madsen, Matthew D. Zvirzdin, Daniel L. Roundy, Bruce A. Kostka, Stanley J. BE Sesa, C TI Improving Reseeding Success after Catastrophic Wildfire with Surfactant Seed Coating Technology SO PESTICIDE FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, VOL 33: SUSTAINABILITY: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM FORMULATION TECHNOLOGY SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Symposium on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems - Sustainability - Contributions from Formulation Technology CY OCT 23-25, 2012 CL Atlanta, GA SP ASTM Comm E35 Pesticides Antimicrobials & Alternative Control Agents, E35.22 Subcommittee Pesticide Formulat & Delivery Syst DE seed-coating; water-repellency; surfactant; wetting agent; wildfire; reseeding; pinon-juniper ID SOIL-WATER REPELLENCY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WETTING AGENT; RESTORATION; GERMINATION; ESTABLISHMENT; SEVERITY; WOODLAND; RAINFALL; INCREASE AB The application of soil surfactants in wildfire-affected ecosystems has been limited due to logistical and economic constraints associated with the standard practice of using large quantities of irrigation water as the surfactant carrier. We tested a potential solution to this problem that uses seed coating technology to harness the seed as the carrier. Through this approach, precipitation leaches the surfactant from the seed into the soil where it absorbs onto the soil particles and ameliorates water repellency within the seeds microsite. We evaluated this technology in a burned, highly water repellent, pinon-juniper woodland. Within a randomized complete block design, we separately seeded two bunchgrass species (Indian ricegrass and crested wheatgrass), whose seeds was either left uncoated or coated with a surfactant blend of alkylpolyglycoside and ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer. Plots were monitored through two growing seasons. In the spring after seeding, plant density and cover in the surfactant coated treatments were approximately 3-fold higher than the uncoated treatments. Two years after seeding, differences in plant density between the treatments decreased slightly, with the surfactant coated treatments having 2.8-fold higher density, as compared to the uncoated treatments. Over this same period, relative differences in cover between the treatments had increased, with surfactant coated treatments having 3.4-fold higher cover than the uncoated treatments. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate the ability of surfactant seed coating technology to improve seedling emergence and establishment. Future research is merited for evaluating the technology at larger-scales and within different ecosystems. C1 [Madsen, Matthew D.] USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Zvirzdin, Daniel L.] Bur Land Management, Elko, NV 89801 USA. [Roundy, Bruce A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Kostka, Stanley J.] Aquatrols Corp Amer, Technol & Business Dev, Paulsboro, NJ 08066 USA. RP Madsen, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 67826 A Highway 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7578-5 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2014 VL 1569 BP 44 EP 55 DI 10.1520/STP156920120181 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BC2QD UT WOS:000351220000005 ER PT S AU Henry, RS Kruger, GR Fritz, BK Hoffmann, WC Bagley, WE AF Henry, R. S. Kruger, G. R. Fritz, B. K. Hoffmann, W. C. Bagley, W. E. BE Sesa, C TI Measuring the Effect of Spray Plume Angle on the Accuracy of Droplet Size Data SO PESTICIDE FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, VOL 33: SUSTAINABILITY: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM FORMULATION TECHNOLOGY SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Symposium on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems - Sustainability - Contributions from Formulation Technology CY OCT 23-25, 2012 CL Atlanta, GA SP ASTM Comm E35 Pesticides Antimicrobials & Alternative Control Agents, E35.22 Subcommittee Pesticide Formulat & Delivery Syst DE spray plume orientation; laser diffraction; wind tunnel ID LASER-DIFFRACTION; AGRICULTURAL SPRAYS; FAN NOZZLES; PERFORMANCE; ADJUVANTS; DRIFT; SCATTERING; ATOMIZERS; SPECTRA; FOLIAGE AB Analysis of droplet size data using laser diffraction allows for quick and easy assessment of droplet size for agricultural spray nozzles and pesticides; however, operation and setup of the instrument and test system can potentially influence the accuracy of the data. One of the factors is the orientation of the spray plume relative to the laser beam. The common practice is to orientate the nozzle such that the nozzle orifice's long axis is 90 degrees from the laser beam. Some wind tunnels are designed in a manner such that the spray plume impinges with the walls or the design of the nozzle may necessitate a deviation from this standard practice to obtain a measurement in some situations. The objective of this research was to determine the influence spray plume orientation had on measured droplet size spectra in a low-speed wind tunnel. The orientation of the nozzle tested was 45, 60, 75, and 90 degrees in rotation relative to the laser beam. Four nozzles (AIXR11005, AI11005, TT11005, and XR11005) were evaluated using three different spray solutions. Treatments were evaluated using a laser diffraction system. The results indicate that spray plume orientation does not have an effect on droplet size data for these nozzles, regardless of spray solution. The data from these tests will aid in the standardization of laser diffraction use in low-speed wind tunnels and increase the repeatability of measurements between different spray testing laboratories. C1 [Henry, R. S.; Kruger, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, North Platte, NE 68788 USA. [Fritz, B. K.; Hoffmann, W. C.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Bagley, W. E.] Wilbur Ellis, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. RP Henry, RS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Lincoln, North Platte, NE 68788 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7578-5 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2014 VL 1569 BP 129 EP 138 DI 10.1520/STP156920120130 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BC2QD UT WOS:000351220000011 ER PT S AU Hoffmann, WC Fritz, BK Bagley, WE Kruger, GR Henry, RS Czaczyk, Z AF Hoffmann, W. Clint Fritz, Bradley K. Bagley, William E. Kruger, Greg R. Henry, Ryan S. Czaczyk, Zbigniew BE Sesa, C TI Effects of Nozzle Spray Angle on Droplet Size and Velocity SO PESTICIDE FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, VOL 33: SUSTAINABILITY: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM FORMULATION TECHNOLOGY SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Symposium on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems - Sustainability - Contributions from Formulation Technology CY OCT 23-25, 2012 CL Atlanta, GA SP ASTM Comm E35 Pesticides Antimicrobials & Alternative Control Agents, E35.22 Subcommittee Pesticide Formulat & Delivery Syst DE droplet velocity; exit velocity; spray angle ID AERIAL APPLICATION CONDITIONS; DIESEL SPRAY; HYDRAULIC NOZZLES; PERFORMANCE; SHADOWGRAPHY; FOLIAGE AB Spray applicators have many choices in selecting a spray nozzle to make an application of an agricultural product. They must balance flow rate, spray pressure, and nozzle type and setup to deliver their agrochemical in the right droplet size for their particular needs. Studies were conducted to determine the spray exit angle and droplet velocity from three different flat fan nozzles (80 degrees, 40 degrees, and 20 degrees) at three different spray pressures (140, 280, and 420 kPa). Each combination of nozzle and pressure was evaluated in a wind tunnel with airspeeds of 35.7, 53.6, 62.6, 71.5, and 80.5 m/s. At the nozzle exit, droplet velocities for the three nozzles tested were approximately 14, 20, and 25 m/s (similar to 30, 45, and 56 mph) for spray pressures of 140, 276, and 415 kPa (20, 40, and 60 psi), respectively. Droplet velocities were constant across the entire flowfield measured with airstreams speed were 35.7 m/s (80 mph), but as the airstream speed increased, droplets at the end of the spray sheet were quickly accelerated. The data presented will allow applicators and researchers to select the nozzle and operating conditions that best suit their spraying needs. C1 [Hoffmann, W. Clint; Fritz, Bradley K.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Bagley, William E.] Wilbur Ellis Co, San Antonio, TX 75289 USA. [Kruger, Greg R.; Henry, Ryan S.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Czaczyk, Zbigniew] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Poznan, Poland. RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7578-5 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2014 VL 1569 BP 139 EP 150 DI 10.1520/STP156920120131 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BC2QD UT WOS:000351220000012 ER PT S AU Fritz, BK Hoffmann, WC Bagley, WE Kruger, GR Czaczyk, Z Henry, RS AF Fritz, B. K. Hoffmann, W. C. Bagley, W. E. Kruger, G. R. Czaczyk, Z. Henry, R. S. BE Sesa, C TI Influence of Air Shear and Adjuvants on Spray Atomization SO PESTICIDE FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, VOL 33: SUSTAINABILITY: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM FORMULATION TECHNOLOGY SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Symposium on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems - Sustainability - Contributions from Formulation Technology CY OCT 23-25, 2012 CL Atlanta, GA SP ASTM Comm E35 Pesticides Antimicrobials & Alternative Control Agents, E35.22 Subcommittee Pesticide Formulat & Delivery Syst DE active formulation; spray atomization; aerial sprays; droplet size ID DROP SIZE SPECTRA; AGRICULTURAL SPRAYS; NOZZLES; DATABASE; SPEED AB Droplet size is critical in maximizing pesticide efficacy and mitigating off-target movement. The correct selection and adjustment of nozzles and application equipment, as well as the use of adjuvants, can aid in this process. However, in aerial applications air shear tends to be the dominant factor influencing spray droplet size. The objective of this work was to take a step-wise approach to examine the influence of both adjuvant type and airspeed on droplet size in the presence of a formulated glyphosate product. Although the results show that the spray adjuvants tested did play a role in determining droplet size, as airspeed increased the differences between droplet sizes resulting from the use of the adjuvants tested decreased. A number of the adjuvant-nozzle-airspeed combinations tested did not necessarily increase droplet size or reduce fines, but this does not indicate that they do not have a place in aerial application. Other benefits that could not be measured as part of this study, such as retention and reduced evaporation, can also be critical to an application's success. For any pesticide application, applicators should read and follow product label instructions while being cognizant that the decisions they make, whether they are about nozzle selection or products, will affect droplet size. C1 [Fritz, B. K.; Hoffmann, W. C.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Bagley, W. E.] Wilbur Ellis, San Antonio, TX 75289 USA. [Kruger, G. R.; Henry, R. S.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Czaczyk, Z.] Poznan Univ Life Sci, PL-60637 Poznan, Wielkopolska, Poland. RP Fritz, BK (reprint author), USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7578-5 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2014 VL 1569 BP 151 EP 173 DI 10.1520/STP156920120129 PG 23 WC Agricultural Engineering; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BC2QD UT WOS:000351220000013 ER PT B AU Jenks, MA Hasegawa, PM AF Jenks, Matthew A. Hasegawa, Paul M. BE Jenks, MA Hasegawa, PM TI Plant Abiotic Stress Second Edition Preface SO PLANT ABIOTIC STRESS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Jenks, Matthew A.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Hasegawa, Paul M.] Purdue Univ, Ctr Plant Environm Stress Physiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Jenks, MA (reprint author), ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-76437-4; 978-1-118-76433-6; 978-1-118-41217-6 PY 2014 BP XV EP XVI D2 10.1002/9781118764374 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BC3KH UT WOS:000351689100001 ER PT B AU Milner, MJ Pineros, M Kochian, LV AF Milner, Matthew J. Pineros, Miguel Kochian, Leon V. BE Jenks, MA Hasegawa, PM TI Molecular and physiological mechanisms of plant tolerance to toxic metals SO PLANT ABIOTIC STRESS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HYPERACCUMULATOR THLASPI-CAERULESCENS; ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER; FAGOPYRUM-ESCULENTUM MOENCH; FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; HIGH ALUMINUM RESISTANCE; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; GENE COPY NUMBER; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; COMPOUND EXTRUSION; ZINC HOMEOSTASIS C1 [Milner, Matthew J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Pineros, Miguel; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Milner, MJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Pineros, Miguel/0000-0002-7166-1848 NR 95 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-76437-4; 978-1-118-76433-6; 978-1-118-41217-6 PY 2014 BP 179 EP 201 D2 10.1002/9781118764374 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BC3KH UT WOS:000351689100008 ER PT B AU Nandal, A Telugu, BPVL AF Nandal, Anjali Telugu, Bhanu Prakash V. L. BE Brevini, TAL TI Large Animal Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as Models of Human Diseases SO STEM CELLS IN ANIMAL SPECIES: FROM PRE-CLINIC TO BIODIVERSITY SE Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN-SHEEP CHIMERAS; SOMATIC-CELLS; IPS CELLS; DEFINED FACTORS; IN-VIVO; ADULT FIBROBLASTS; MINIATURE PIG; NEURAL CELLS; NO EVIDENCE; GENERATION C1 [Nandal, Anjali; Telugu, Bhanu Prakash V. L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Nandal, Anjali; Telugu, Bhanu Prakash V. L.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Telugu, BPVL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, 2121 ANSC Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM btelugu@umd.edu NR 101 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-3-319-03572-7; 978-3-319-03571-0 J9 STEM CELLS BIOL REG JI Stem Cell Biol. Regen. Med. PY 2014 BP 49 EP 68 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-03572-7_3 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-03572-7 PG 20 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering SC Cell Biology GA BC3DZ UT WOS:000351539400003 ER PT S AU Tausz, M Grulke, N AF Tausz, Michael Grulke, Nancy BE Tausz, M Grulke, N TI Trees in a Changing Environment Ecophysiology, Adaptation, and Future Survival Preface SO TREES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: ECOPHYSIOLOGY, ADAPTATION, AND FUTURE SURVIVAL SE Plant Ecophysiology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID ELEVATED CO2; OZONE C1 [Tausz, Michael] Univ Melbourne, Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Grulke, Nancy] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn WWETAC, USDA, Prineville, OR USA. RP Tausz, M (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RI Tausz, Michael /C-1990-2013 OI Tausz, Michael /0000-0001-8205-8561 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1572-5561 BN 978-94-017-9100-7; 978-94-017-9099-4 J9 PLANT ECOPHYSIOL JI Plant Ecophysiol. PY 2014 VL 9 BP VII EP IX D2 10.1007/978-94-017-9100-7 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BC3EE UT WOS:000351541800001 ER PT S AU Grulke, N Tausz, M AF Grulke, Nancy Tausz, Michael BE Tausz, M Grulke, N TI The Future of Trees in a Changing Climate: Synopsis SO TREES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: ECOPHYSIOLOGY, ADAPTATION, AND FUTURE SURVIVAL SE Plant Ecophysiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONSEQUENCES; TEMPERATURE; ELEVATION; DROUGHT AB Trees as long-lived stationary organisms are particularly challenged by rapid changes in their environment, most importantly the recent changes in the Earth's climate which proceed at unprecedented rates. This volume addressed the main characteristics of tree life with a view to explain and evaluate how the life functions of trees interact with the environment and environmental changes, and how understanding of physiological functions helps to assess how trees may be able to adapt to future conditions. Chapters address specific aspects of tree physiology, such as transport of water and assimilates, water relations, carbon dynamics and allocation, and environmental interactions such as defence chemicals, mycorrhiza, environmental limitations to growth, and impact of pollution. The relevance of each of these processes and aspects of tree life for environmental adaptation is highlighted. C1 [Grulke, Nancy] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. [Tausz, Michael] Univ Melbourne, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Creswick, Vic 3363, Australia. RP Grulke, N (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. EM ngrulke@fs.fed.us; michael.tausz@unimelb.edu.au RI Tausz, Michael /C-1990-2013 OI Tausz, Michael /0000-0001-8205-8561 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1572-5561 BN 978-94-017-9100-7; 978-94-017-9099-4 J9 PLANT ECOPHYSIOL JI Plant Ecophysiol. PY 2014 VL 9 BP 265 EP 279 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-9100-7_11 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-9100-7 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BC3EE UT WOS:000351541800012 ER PT S AU Liu, ZZ Qin, TY Zhou, JL Taylor, A Sparrow, JR Shang, F AF Liu, Zhenzhen Qin, Tingyu Zhou, Jilin Taylor, Allen Sparrow, Janet R. Shang, Fu BE Ash, JD Grimm, C Hollyfield, JG Anderson, RE LaVail, MM Rickman, CB TI Impairment of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway in RPE Alters the Expression of Inflammation Related Genes SO RETINAL DEGENERATIVE DISEASES: MECHANISMS AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPY SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration (RD) CY JUL 16-21, 2012 CL GERMANY DE Age-related macular degeneration; Inflammation; Ubiquitin; Proteasome; Retinal pigment epithelial cells; IL-6; IL-8; MCP-1; Complement factor H ID PIGMENT EPITHELIAL-CELLS; FACTOR-H POLYMORPHISM; NF-KAPPA-B; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; MACULAR DEGENERATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CONJUGATING ENZYMES; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PATHOGENESIS AB The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) plays an important role in regulating gene expression. Retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) are a major source of ocular inflammatory cytokines. In this work we determined the relationship between impairment of the UPP and expression of inflammation-related factors. The UPP could be impaired by oxidative stress or chemical inhibition. Impairment of the UPP in RPE increased the expression of several inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-8. However, the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and complement factor H (CFH) and was reduced upon impairment of the UPP. These data suggest that impairment of the UPP in RPE may be one of the causes of retinal inflammation and abnormal functions of monocyte and the complement system during the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. C1 [Liu, Zhenzhen; Qin, Tingyu; Taylor, Allen; Shang, Fu] Tufts Univ, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Zhou, Jilin; Sparrow, Janet R.] Columbia Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM 723179127@qq.com; tingyuqin@126.com; jz219@columbia.edu; allen.taylor@tufts.edu; jrs88@columbia.edu; fu.shang@tufts.edu FU USDA AFRI Award [2009-35200-05014]; NIH [EY 011717]; USDA [1950-510000-060-01A] FX This work is supported by USDA AFRI Award 2009-35200-05014, NIH grant EY 011717, USDA contract 1950-510000-060-01A. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4614-3209-8; 978-1-4614-3208-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2014 VL 801 BP 237 EP 250 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_31 PG 14 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Ophthalmology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Ophthalmology GA BC1TP UT WOS:000350418200032 PM 24664704 ER PT S AU Chang, ML Chiu, CJ Shang, F Taylor, A AF Chang, Min-Lee Chiu, Chung-Jung Shang, Fu Taylor, Allen BE Ash, JD Grimm, C Hollyfield, JG Anderson, RE LaVail, MM Rickman, CB TI High Glucose Activates ChREBP-Mediated HIF-1 alpha and VEGF Expression in Human RPE Cells Under Normoxia SO RETINAL DEGENERATIVE DISEASES: MECHANISMS AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPY SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration (RD) CY JUL 16-21, 2012 CL GERMANY DE Glucose; Hyperglycemia; Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP); Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha); Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE); Neovascularization; Normoxia; Age-related macular degeneration (AMD); Diabetic retinopathy (DR) ID ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN; DIETARY GLYCEMIC INDEX; MACULAR DEGENERATION; EYE DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; CARBOHYDRATE; RISK; ANGIOGENESIS; PREVALENCE; HYPOXIA AB Objective Because retina-damaging angiogenesis is controlled by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and people with higher glucose intakes are more susceptible to retinal complications that may be due to increased VEGF, it is crucial to elucidate relations between glucose exposure and VEGF expression. We aimed to determine if a carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) plays a role in the transcriptional up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) and the downstream VEGF expression in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells exposed to high glucose under normoxic conditions. Methods ARPE19 cells were exposed to 5.6, 11, 17, 25 and 30 mM glucose for 48 h in serum-free culture media under normoxic (21 % O-2) conditions. Protein and mRNA expression of indicated genes were determined by immunoblot analyses and real-time RT-PCR, respectively. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentrations of VEGF in the media. Immunofluorescence (IF) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for ChREBP were used to demonstrate nuclear translocation and HIF-1 alpha gene promoter association, respectively. Results Immunoblot analyses showed that HIF-1 alpha levels were positively related to levels of glucose exposure between 5.6-25 mM in the RPE cells, indicating the induction and stabilization of HIF-1 alpha by elevated glucose under normoxic conditions. Human lens epithelial cells and HeLa cells did not respond to high glucose, implying that this phenomenon is cell type-specific. Real-time RT-PCR for HIF-1 alpha and VEGF and ELISA for VEGF indicated that high glucose is associated with elevated production of HIF-1 alpha-induced VEGF, an established inducer of neovascularization, in the RPE cells. IF analyses showed that, although ChREBP was expressed under both low (5.6 mM) and high (25 mM) glucose conditions, it appeared more in the nuclear region than in the cytosol of the RPE cells after the high glucose treatment. ChIP analyses suggested a HIF-1 alpha gene promoter association with ChREBP under the high glucose condition. These results imply that RPE cells use cytosolic ChREBP as a glucose sensor to up-regulate HIF-1 alpha expression. Conclusion These results suggest a high glucose-induced, ChREBP-mediated, and normoxic HIF-1 alpha activation that may be partially responsible for neovascularization in both diabetic and age-related retinopathy. C1 [Chang, Min-Lee; Chiu, Chung-Jung; Shang, Fu; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Chiu, Chung-Jung; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chiu, CJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Min-Lee.Chang@tufts.edu; cj.chiu@tufts.edu; Fu.Shang@tufts.edu; Allen.Taylor@tufts.edu FU NEI [R01 EY021826, EY021212, EY013250]; Ross Aging Initiative; USDA agreements [1950-5100-060-01A] FX NEI R01 EY021826, EY021212, EY013250, Ross Aging Initiative, and USDA agreements 1950-5100-060-01A. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4614-3209-8; 978-1-4614-3208-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2014 VL 801 BP 609 EP 621 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_77 PG 13 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Ophthalmology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Ophthalmology GA BC1TP UT WOS:000350418200078 PM 24664750 ER PT S AU Boryan, CG Yang, ZW AF Boryan, Claire G. Yang, Zhengwei GP IEEE TI IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW AUTOMATIC STRATIFICATION METHOD USING GEOSPATIAL CROPLAND DATA LAYERS IN NASS AREA FRAME CONSTRUCTION SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc DE Area sampling frame (ASF); automated stratification; cropland data layer (CDL); cultivated layer; land cover-based stratification AB A new automatic stratification method utilizing USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) geospatial Cropland Data Layers (CDLs) was recently implemented in NASS operations. Recent research findings indicated that using the CDL stratification method rather than visual interpretation of satellite imagery and aerial photography (traditional method) to define percent cultivation of land areas resulted in Area Sampling Frames (ASF) constructed with improved accuracy, objectivity and efficiency at reduced cost [3]. This paper describes an operational ASF construction process that integrates the automated CDL stratification results with traditional editing/review procedures, a hybrid approach. New 2013/2014 ASFs for South Dakota and Oklahoma were successfully built using the new operational process and illustrated significant improvements in frame accuracy, operational efficiency, and cost. C1 [Boryan, Claire G.; Yang, Zhengwei] Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Boryan, CG (reprint author), Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, 3521 Old Lee Highway,Room 305, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM Claire.Boryan@nass.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 BP 2110 EP 2113 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6946882 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688103029 ER PT J AU Chen, X Page-Dumroese, D Lv, RH Wang, WW Li, GL Liu, Y AF Chen, Xiao Page-Dumroese, Deborah Lv, Ruiheng Wang, Weiwei Li, Guolei Liu, Yong TI Interaction of initial litter quality and thinning intensity on litter decomposition rate, nitrogen accumulation and release in a pine plantation SO SILVA FENNICA LA English DT Article DE litter decomposition; nitrogen cycling; thinning intensity; litter quality; Pinus tabulaeformis ID LONG-TERM DECOMPOSITION; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; LEAF-LITTER; RADIATA PLANTATION; FUNGAL INGROWTH; NEEDLE LITTER; FOREST LITTER; GROWTH; SOIL; CARBON AB Thinning alters litter quality and microclimate under forests. Both of these two changes after thinning induce alterations of litter decomposition rates and nutrient cycling. However, a possible interaction between these two changes remains unclear. We placed two types of litter (LN, low N concentration litter; HN, high N concentration litter) in a Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carriere) plantation under four thinning treatments to test the impacts of litter quality, thinning or their combination on decomposition rate and N cycling. In our study, N was accumulated to approach an underlying critical acid-unhydrolyzable residue to nitrogen ratio (approximately 57-69) in litter. Moreover, an interaction between litter quality and thinning on decomposition rates, N accumulation and net release did exist. On one hand, one year decomposition rate of LN was elevated after thinning while that of HN remained the same or even lower (under light thinning); N accumulation of LN declined with light thinning and was restored with the increase of thinning intensity whereas that of HN did not decline with thinning and increased under heavy thinning; Net N release from LN was only found in light and heavy thinning while that from HN was found in all treatments, moreover net N release from LN and HN were both elevated under heavy thinning. On the other hand, HN decomposed faster, accumulated less and released more N than LN did under all treatments. Generally, high N concentration in litter and high-intensity thinning can lead to rapid litter decomposition and N cycling in coniferous plantations. C1 [Chen, Xiao; Wang, Weiwei; Li, Guolei; Liu, Yong] Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Silviculture & Conservat, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Page-Dumroese, Deborah] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Lv, Ruiheng] Tarim Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Alar Xinjiang 843300, Peoples R China. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Silviculture & Conservat, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM lyong@bjfu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30972353]; Special Research Foundation of Doctor Discipline in University, Ministry of Education, China [20090014110011] FX Special thanks were given to Dr. R. Kasten Dumroese for his critical review. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30972353) and the Special Research Foundation of Doctor Discipline in University, Ministry of Education, China (No. 20090014110011). NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 13 PU FINNISH SOC FOREST SCIENCE-NATURAL RESOURCES INST FINLAND PI VANTAA PA PO BOX 18, FI-01301 VANTAA, FINLAND SN 0037-5330 EI 2242-4075 J9 SILVA FENN JI Silva. Fenn. PY 2014 VL 48 IS 4 AR 1211 DI 10.14214/sf.1211 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AX0SX UT WOS:000346663500008 ER PT S AU Duke, SO Owens, DK Dayan, FE AF Duke, Stephen O. Owens, Daniel K. Dayan, Franck E. BE Gross, AD Coats, JR Duke, SO Seiber, JN TI The Growing Need for Biochemical Bioherbicides SO BIOPESTICIDES: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc ID BICOLOR ROOT HAIRS; P-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE; IN-PLANTA MECHANISM; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; STREPTOMYCES-SCABIES; BETA-TRIKETONES; HERBICIDE; BIOSYNTHESIS; SORGOLEONE; PESTICIDES AB The volume of herbicides used exceeds that of other pesticides. Evolution of resistance to the currently used herbicides has greatly increased the need for herbicides with new modes of action (MOAs). However, more than 20 years have passed since a new herbicide MOA was introduced. Natural products offer a source of new herbicide chemistries with potentially new MOAs. Additionally, there are no efficacious and economical weed management chemicals (biochemical bioherbicides) available for organic agriculture. The products that are available, such as organic acids, fats, and oils, have to be used in large amounts. Current organic products do not act at enzymatic sites as synthetic herbicides do, but instead cause rapid plant tissue desiccation by direct effects on plant cuticles and membranes. Examples are given of natural compounds that act at specific targets like conventional herbicides, but with new MOAs. Thus, new biochemical biocherbicides have the potential for greatly improving weed management in organic agriculture and providing new MOAs for conventional agriculture. C1 [Duke, Stephen O.; Owens, Daniel K.; Dayan, Franck E.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Cochran Res Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, Cochran Res Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA. EM stephen.duke@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 76 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2998-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1172 BP 31 EP 43 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC0WS UT WOS:000349722900003 ER PT S AU Nachman, RJ AF Nachman, Ronald J. BE Gross, AD Coats, JR Duke, SO Seiber, JN TI Mimetic Analogs of Pyrokinin Neuropeptides for Pest Insect Management SO BIOPESTICIDES: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc ID BIOSYNTHESIS ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME; SARCOPHAGA-BULLATA LARVAE; SEX-PHEROMONE PRODUCTION; DIAPAUSE HORMONE; CORN-EARWORM; CUTICULAR MELANIZATION; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; PK/PBAN ANALOG AB Neuropeptides are potent regulators of critical life processes in insects, but are subjected to rapid degradation by peptidases in the hemolymph (blood), tissues and gut. This limitation can be overcome via replacement of peptidase susceptible portions of the insect neuropeptides to create analogs with enhanced biostability. The pyrokinins stimulate gut motility and regulate other functions in certain insects, but unmodified members demonstrate little or no effect when fed to pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum). However, biostable analogs demonstrate potent oral antifeedant and aphicidal effects. The most active of the biostable analogs shows an LC50 value of 0.042 nmole/mu l (LT50 = 1.0 days), approaching the potency of some commercial aphicides. The aphicidal activity of a biostable pyrokinin can be blocked with an antagonist, indicating the mechanism occurs via a neuropeptide receptor and represents a novel and selective mode of action. Biostable agonists of diapause hormone (a pyrokinin) can prevent the onset of the protective state of diapause in the corn earworm, inducing the crop pest to commit a form of 'ecological suicide'. Alternatively, an antagonist can block the activity of the native hormone. Biostable neuropeptide analogs represent important leads in the development of alternate, environmentally sound pest insect control agents. (C) 2014 American Chemical Society. C1 Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2881 F-B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM nachman@tamu.edu NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2998-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1172 BP 83 EP 94 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC0WS UT WOS:000349722900007 ER PT S AU Dunlap, CA Bowman, MJ AF Dunlap, C. A. Bowman, M. J. BE Gross, AD Coats, JR Duke, SO Seiber, JN TI The Use of Genomics and Chemistry To Screen for Secondary Metabolites in Bacillus spp. Biocontrol Organisms SO BIOPESTICIDES: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDE PROFILE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS FZB42; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; SUBTILIS STRAINS; MEMBRANE PERMEABILIZATION; MS/MS CHARACTERIZATION AB Recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies have revolutionized the way we study bacterial biological control strains. These advances have provided the ability to rapidily characterize the secondary metabolite potential of these bacterial strains. A variety of bioinformatics tools have been developed to analyze sequence data, which can identify putative secondary metabolite synthetase clusters. The functionality of these clusters can then be confirmed with modern mass spectrometry techniques. The Bacillus biological control community is rapidly adapting these approaches to understand the bioactive compounds produced by these strains. This chapter summarizes the current state of the field as it applies to the Bacillus biological strains primarily focused on controlling plant diseases or are plant growth promoters, which include: B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. pumilus and B. licheniformis strains. C1 [Dunlap, C. A.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect & Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Bowman, M. J.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dunlap, CA (reprint author), ARS, Crop Bioprotect & Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Christopher.dunlap@ars.usda.gov NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2998-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1172 BP 95 EP + PG 9 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC0WS UT WOS:000349722900008 ER PT S AU Ashworth, DJ Yates, SR Wang, D Luo, LF AF Ashworth, Daniel J. Yates, Scott R. Wang, Dong Luo, Lifang BE Gross, AD Coats, JR Duke, SO Seiber, JN TI Natural and Synthetic Isothiocyanates for Pest Control in Soil SO BIOPESTICIDES: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc ID FUMIGANT METHYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; FOREST NURSERY SOILS; METAM-SODIUM; AGRICULTURAL FUMIGANTS; ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS; SHANK INJECTION; GREEN MANURES; COVER CROPS; WATER SEAL; RAISED-BED AB Synthetic fumigants are widely used in agriculture to provide highly efficacious pre-plant pest control for high cash crops. However, stringent regulations aimed at controlling soil to air emissions govern fumigant use. This has led to increased interest in biofumigation using Brassica species which release volatile isothiocyanate (ITC) chemicals into the soil. These ITCs have a similar chemistry to the synthetic fumigant methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) and are, therefore, of interest in pest control. However, there are significant disadvantages to natural ITCs when compared to MITC; most notably, a relatively low release efficiency into the soil, and rapid degradation/sorption within the soil. The inconsistent pest control efficacy of biofumigation indicates a lack of robustness and suggests that non-organic growers may be reluctant to switch from traditional fumigants. MITC, despite being subject to regulations, offers efficacious pest control and its emissions to the atmosphere can be significantly reduced using plastic tarps or water sealing. Compared to other soil fumigants, MITC exhibits relatively low soil diffusion. Although this lower diffusion is advantageous in terms of limiting atmospheric emissions, it needs to be considered in relation to pest control, for example in the positioning of drip lines, emitters, or shank spacing, during application. (C) 2014 American Chemical Society C1 [Ashworth, Daniel J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Ashworth, Daniel J.; Yates, Scott R.; Luo, Lifang] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Wang, Dong] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Ashworth, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM scott.yates@ars.usda.gov NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2998-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1172 BP 159 EP + PG 5 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC0WS UT WOS:000349722900012 ER PT S AU Beck, JJ Mahoney, NE Higbee, BS Gee, WS Baig, N Griffith, CM AF Beck, John J. Mahoney, Noreen E. Higbee, Bradley S. Gee, Wai S. Baig, Nausheena Griffith, Corey M. BE Gross, AD Coats, JR Duke, SO Seiber, JN TI Semiochemicals To Monitor Insect Pests - Future Opportunities for an Effective Host Plant Volatile Blend To Attract Navel Orangeworm in Pistachio Orchards SO BIOPESTICIDES: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc ID LEPIDOPTERA-PYRALIDAE; AMYELOIS-TRANSITELLA; NATAL EXPERIENCE; ESSENTIAL OIL; EGG TRAPS; ALMONDS; CALIFORNIA; ASPERGILLUS; NUTS; SELECTION AB The navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella) has been a major insect pest of California tree nut orchards for the past five decades. In particular, almond and pistachio orchards suffer major annual economic damage due to physical and associated fungal damage caused by navel orangeworm larvae. Until recently, the only viable option, albeit inconsistent, for monitoring navel orangeworm populations within these orchards has been the use of almond meal in egg traps. Over the past several years a synthetic blend of host plant volatiles, based on various almond emissions, has demonstrated effective attractancy of both male and female navel orangeworm in field trapping studies in almond orchards. However, this attractiveness did not extend into the mid-to late-season in pistachio orchards, thus suggesting either an orchard specificity of the moth or perhaps a temporal component expressed as a change in background odors of the orchard. Using information and approaches learned during the development of the almond host plant volatile blend, research within these ARS laboratories (C) 2014 American Chemical Society C1 [Beck, John J.; Mahoney, Noreen E.; Gee, Wai S.; Baig, Nausheena; Griffith, Corey M.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Higbee, Bradley S.] Paramount Farming Co, Bakersfield, CA 93308 USA. RP Beck, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.beck@ars.usda.gov OI Griffith, Corey/0000-0001-9104-9501 FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-42000-037-00D, TFCA 5325-42000-037-07]; California Pistachio Research Board; RCA [5325-42000-037-13]; California Department of Food and Agriculture FX The authors thank D. Light, D. Cook, I. Ovchinnikova (USDA-ARS), J. Magana, A. Pedro (Paramount Farming), J. Batting (Strain Ranches), R. Carde, and C. Wheeler (UC Riverside) for their valuable contributions. Research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-037-00D, TFCA 5325-42000-037-07 with the California Pistachio Research Board, and RCA with 5325-42000-037-13 with the California Department of Food and Agriculture. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2998-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1172 BP 191 EP + PG 5 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC0WS UT WOS:000349722900014 ER PT S AU Mafra-Neto, A Fettig, CJ Munson, AS Rodriguez-Saona, C Holdcraft, R Faleiro, JR El-Shafie, H Reinke, M Bernardi, C Villagran, KM AF Mafra-Neto, Agenor Fettig, Christopher J. Munson, A. Steven Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar Holdcraft, Robert Faleiro, Jose Romeno El-Shafie, Hamadttu Reinke, Michael Bernardi, Carmem Villagran, Katherine. M. BE Gross, AD Coats, JR Duke, SO Seiber, JN TI Development of Specialized Pheromone and Lure Application Technologies (SPLAT (R)) for Management of Coleopteran Pests in Agricultural and Forest Systems SO BIOPESTICIDES: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; RHYNCHOPHORUS-FERRUGINEUS COLEOPTERA; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE COLEOPTERA; MECHANISMS MEDIATING DISRUPTION; MOTH SEXUAL COMMUNICATION; ORIENTAL BEETLE; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLES; RED PALM; MATING DISRUPTION AB Since ISCA Technologies' market introduction of Specialized Pheromone and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT (R)) in 2004, it has been implemented for effective pest control through a variety of techniques, including mating disruption, mass trapping, attract and kill, and repellency. The majority of SPLAT (R)-based pest control products have targeted lepidopteran (e.g., SPLAT (R) OFM, for oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta; SPLAT (R) GM for gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar; SPLAT (R) EC, for carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae) and dipteran pests (e.g., SPLAT (R) MAT Spinosad ME fortephritid fruit flies, Tephritidae). This chapter will describe a relatively new family of SPLATI (R) formulations designed to attract or repel coleopteran pests. Following a brief description of the characteristics of SPLAT (R) and its advantages over other forms of semiochemical-based pest control, each section will begin with an introduction to each product's method of action, specifically mating disruption, attract and kill, and repellency, and will then summarize current research on the application of each technique to combat a specific coleopteran pest: oriental beetle (OrB), Anomala orientalis (SPLAT (R) OrB & SPLAT (R) OrB A&K), red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Hook (TM) RPW), and mountain pine beetle (MPB), Dendroctonus ponderosae (SPLAT (R) Verb). (C) 2014 American Chemical Society C1 [Mafra-Neto, Agenor; Reinke, Michael; Bernardi, Carmem; Villagran, Katherine. M.] ISCA Technol Inc, 1230 W Spring St, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Fettig, Christopher J.] Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Forest Serv, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Munson, A. Steven] Forest Hlth Protect, USDA, Forest Serv, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. [Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar; Holdcraft, Robert] Rutgers State Univ, PE Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [El-Shafie, Hamadttu] FAO UN, Date Palm Res Ctr, Mil Agr, Al Hasa 31982, Saudi Arabia. [Reinke, Michael] King Faisal Univ, Date Palm Res Ctr Excellence, Al Hasa 31982, Saudi Arabia. RP Mafra-Neto, A (reprint author), ISCA Technol Inc, 1230 W Spring St, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM president@iscatech.com NR 104 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2998-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1172 BP 211 EP + PG 8 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC0WS UT WOS:000349722900015 ER PT J AU Beltran, W Wunderle, JM AF Beltran, William Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr. TI Temporal Dynamics of Arthropods on Six Tree Species in Dry Woodlands on the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alien tree species; body size; dry woodland; rainfall effect; temporal dynamics ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; ENEMY RELEASE HYPOTHESIS; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; BODY-SIZE; INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS; FOOD AVAILABILITY; SEASONAL-CHANGES; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; BRAZILIAN CERRADO AB The seasonal dynamics of foliage arthropod populations are poorly studied in tropical dry forests despite the importance of these studies for understanding arthropod population responses to environmental change. We monitored the abundance, temporal distributions, and body size of arthropods in five naturalized alien and one native tree species to characterize arthropod seasonality in dry novel Prosopis-Leucaena woodlands in Puerto Rico. A branch clipping method was used monthly to sample foliage arthropod abundance over 39 mo. Seasonal patterns of rainfall and abundance within various arthropod taxa were highly variable from year to year. Abundance for most taxa did not show significant seasonality over the 3yr, although most taxa had abundance peaks each year. However, Homoptera displayed high seasonality with significant temporal aggregations in each year. Formicidae, Orthoptera, and Coleoptera showed high variation in abundance between wet and dry periods, whereas Hemiptera were consistently more abundant in the wet period. Seasonal differences in mean abundance were found only in a few taxa on Tamarindus indica L., Bucida buceras L., Pithecellobium dulce, and (Roxburgh) Benth. Mean arthropod abundance varied among tree species, with highest numbers on Prosopis juliflora, (Swartz) De Candolle, Pi. dulce, Leucaena leucocephala, and (Lamarck) de Wit. Abundance of Araneae, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera larvae, and all arthropods showed weak relationships with one or more climatic variables (rainfall, maximum temperature, or relative humidity). Body size of arthropods was usually largest during the dry periods. Overall, total foliage arthropod abundance showed no consistent seasonality among years, which may become a more common trend in dry forests and woodlands in the Caribbean if seasonality of rainfall becomes less predictable. C1 [Beltran, William] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Beltran, William; Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Sabana Field Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Beltran, W (reprint author), Univ Pacific, Dept Nat Sci, Buenaventura 10299, Colombia. EM williambeltran2005@gmail.com FU Graduate and Research Studies Dean (DEGI) at the University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras; USDA Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry FX This study was supported by Graduate and Research Studies Dean (DEGI) at the University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras and the USDA Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry. This research would not have been possible without the assistance of many undergraduate and graduate students, and, therefore, we thank Gladys Bisbicus, Nathalia Rios, Emilio Font, Wilnelia Recart, Nicolas Perez, Justin Cruz, and Massiel Almonte for field assistance. Staff from the Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge, especially Oscar Diaz, provided logistic support. Special thanks to Vanessa Sanchez and Adalberto Franqui for providing accommodations at Finca Altamira during field work. Finally, we thank Elvira Cuevas, Tugrul Giray, Wayne Arendt, and Nicholas Brokaw for valuable suggestions that improved the manuscript. The manuscript has also benefited from the constructive comments of the Editor in Chief, Nadir Erbilgin, and one anonymous reviewer. This study represents a part of W.B.'s PhD dissertation completed in May 2012, which was conducted in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico. NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 199 DI 10.1093/jisesa/ieu061 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CB6XM UT WOS:000349770200042 ER PT J AU Swisher, KD Henne, DC Crosslin, JM AF Swisher, Kylie D. Henne, Donald C. Crosslin, James M. TI Identification of a Fourth Haplotype of Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE potato disease; zebra chip; liberibacter; psyllid haplotype ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER SOLANACEARUM; REAL-TIME PCR; NORTH-AMERICA; ZEBRA CHIP; POTATO; DIFFERENTIATION; POPULATIONS; DISEASE AB The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is a pest of potato and other solanaceous crops in North and Central America and New Zealand. Previous genotyping studies have demonstrated the presence of three different haplotypes of B. cockerelli in the United States corresponding to three geographical regions: Central, Western, and Northwestern. These studies utilized psyllids collected in the western and central United States between 1998 and 2011. In an effort to further genotype potato psyllids collected in the 2012 growing season, a fourth B. cockerelli haplotype was discovered corresponding to the Southwestern United States geographical region. High-resolution melting analyses identified this new haplotype using an amplicon generated from a portion of the B. cockerelli mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Sequencing of this gene, as well as use of a restriction enzyme assay, confirmed the identification of the novel B. cockerelli haplotype in the United States. C1 [Swisher, Kylie D.; Crosslin, James M.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Henne, Donald C.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Subtrop Pest Management Lab, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Swisher, KD (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM kylie.swisher@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-SCRI Project [2009-51181-20176]; USDA-RAMP Project [2009-51101-05892] FX We thank Launa Hamlin for her technical assistance in the laboratory (United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, Prosser, WA). This research was supported by the USDA-SCRI Project 2009-51181-20176 and the USDA-RAMP Project 2009-51101-05892. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 161 DI 10.1093/jisesa/ieu023 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CB6XM UT WOS:000349770200009 PM 25368079 ER PT J AU Yee, WL AF Yee, Wee L. TI Seasonal Distributions of the Western Cherry Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Among Host and Nonhost Fruit Trees SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Rhagoletis indifferens; dispersal; Prunus avium; Crataegus douglasii; ponderosa pine ecosystem ID RHAGOLETIS-INDIFFERENS DIPTERA; OVIPOSITION-DETERRING PHEROMONE; APPLE MAGGOT; WASHINGTON-STATE; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; PLANT USE; FLIES; POMONELLA; DISPERSAL; DISTANCE AB Seasonal distributions of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), in sweet cherry (Prunus avium (L.) L.) (major host), black hawthorn (occasional developmental host) (Crataegus douglasii Lindley), and other trees were determined in a ponderosa pine ecosystem in Washington state, USA. The hypothesis that most fly dispersal from cherry trees occurs after fruit senesce or drop was tested, with emphasis on movement to black hawthorn trees. Sweet cherry fruit developed earlier than black hawthorn, bitter cherry (common host), choke cherry, and apple fruit. Flies were usually captured first in sweet cherry trees but were caught in bitter cherry and other trees throughout the season. Peak fly capture periods in sweet cherry began around the same time or slightly earlier than in other trees. However, peak fly capture periods in black hawthorn and other nonsweet cherry trees continued after peak periods in sweet cherry ended, or relative fly numbers within sweet cherry declined more quickly than those within other trees. Larvae were reared from sweet and bitter cherry but not black hawthorn fruit. Results provide partial support for the hypothesis in that although R. indifferens commonly disperses from sweet cherry trees with fruit, it could disperse more, or more flies are retained in nonsweet cherry trees after than before sweet cherries drop. This could allow opportunities for the flies to use other fruit for larval development. Although R. indifferens infestation in black hawthorn was not detected, early season fly dispersal to this and other trees and fly presence in bitter cherry could make fly management in sweet cherry difficult. C1 USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX I thank Dana Jones, Mikaela Johnson, Ashley Valdez, and Peter Chapman (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wapato, WA) for assistance in this study, Roger Vargas and Grant McQuate (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI) for helpful comments on an early draft of the manuscript, and two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the article. USDA-ARS base funds supported this work. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 269 DI 10.1093/jisesa/ieu131 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CB6XM UT WOS:000349770200109 ER PT J AU Yokoyama, VY AF Yokoyama, Victoria Y. TI Response of Olive Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to an Attract-and-Kill Trap in Greenhouse Cage Tests SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera oleae; Olea europaea L.; cultural control; bait station ID BACTROCERA-OLEAE; EFFICACY; LURE; CALIFORNIA AB A novel attract-and-kill trap for olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae), was constructed with yellow corrugated plastic in an inverted cylindrical pan shape formed from a disk and collar. The trap components were tested under three greenhouse temperatures and humidities of warm, hot, and very hot for attractiveness to caged young or older adults. A greater proportion of adults regardless of age were found underneath the devices including disks, cylindrical pans, and pans with pheromone lures and test units of cylindrical pans sprayed with water, insecticidal bait spray, and with lures. The effect was related to lower temperatures on the underside compared with the top and the intolerance of the pest to heat. A circular collar added to the perimeter of the disk that formed the top of the inverted cylinder made the attract-and-kill trap more attractive to adults than the disk alone. Pheromone lures or bait sprays did not increase adult attraction, so were not needed for efficacy. The cylindrical pan was especially attractive to adults when temperatures were high by providing shelter from the heat. At very high temperatures, the pan became unattractive, possibly due to heating of the construction materials. Cylindrical pans sprayed with water on the underside attracted the highest number of adults especially at high temperatures. Greenhouse tests showed that the inverted cylindrical pan design has potential as an attract-and-kill device for olive fruit fly control. C1 USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Yokoyama, VY (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM victoria.yokoyama@ars.usda.gov FU California Olive Committee, Fresno, CA FX I am especially grateful to Dr. Jaime Pinero, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, MO, for his expert advice, and to Curtis Koga, Student Intern, USDA-ARS San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Center, Parlier, CA, for assistance with this project. This research was supported in part by the California Olive Committee, Fresno, CA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendations or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 250 DI 10.1093/jisesa/ieu112 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CB6XM UT WOS:000349770200090 PM 25368094 ER PT J AU Quiniou, SMA Bosworth, B Chatakondi, N Oberle, D AF Quiniou, Sylvie M. A. Bosworth, Brian Chatakondi, Nagaraj Oberle, Danny TI Evaluation of a Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Analog of cGnRH II as a Spawning Aid for Channel Catfish Versus Analogs of mGnRH I and sGnRH III SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID CLARIAS-GARIEPINUS BURCHELL; CARP PITUITARY EXTRACT; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; BLUE CATFISH; AFRICAN CATFISH; INDUCED OVULATION; STEROID-HORMONES; RECEPTOR-BINDING; THAI CATFISH; HYBRID FRY AB The effectiveness of three different analogs of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) to induce spawning in female Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus were evaluated concurrently in a blind study. Two of those analogs are currently used under Investigative New Animal Drug by the catfish industry, mGnRH Ia (D-Ala(6), Pro(9)-NHet) and sGnRH IIIa (D-Arg(6), Trp(7), Leu(8), Pro(9)-NHet). A third analog, cGnRH IIa (D-Arg(6), Pro(9)-NHet) derived from a different type of GnRH (i.e., type II), previously thought to have only secondary roles in reproduction compared to type I and III, was also evaluated. The study was divided into four independent, weekly trials over the course of the spawning season, and 78 females were tested for each of the three hormone treatments. Each female received one type of hormone (type I, II, or III) in two doses, one for priming and one for induction: mGnRH Ia or cGnRH IIa at 20 mu g/kg of body weight (priming) and 80 mu g/kg (induction) or sGnRH IIIa at 2 mu g/kg and 8 mu g/kg. Treatment had a significant effect on the mean percent ovulation, cGnRH IIa producing the highest ovulation rate (90.2%), followed by mGnRH Ia (64.9%) and then sGnRH IIIa (44.3%). For females that ovulated, there were no significant treatment differences for number of eggs or viable fry per kilogram of body weight. Therefore, the treatment differences for total egg and fry production reflect hormone effects on ovulation rate while egg quality for females that ovulated was not different among treatments. These results indicate that cGnRH IIa shows great potential as a spawning aid for channel catfish, outperforming mGnRH Ia and sGnRH IIIa. C1 [Quiniou, Sylvie M. A.; Bosworth, Brian; Chatakondi, Nagaraj; Oberle, Danny] USDA ARS, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Quiniou, SMA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM sylvie.quiniou@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2014 VL 76 IS 3 BP 281 EP 288 DI 10.1080/15222055.2014.902889 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA CC1KT UT WOS:000350100300001 ER PT S AU Frihart, CR Birkeland, MJ AF Frihart, Charles R. Birkeland, Michael J. BE Brentin, RP TI Soy Properties and Soy Wood Adhesives SO SOY-BASED CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biobased Chemicals and Materials: Growing the Supply Chain / 17th Annual ACS Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference CY JUN 18-20, 2013 CL N Bethesda, MD SP Amer Chem Soc ID PROTEIN ADHESIVES; FORMALDEHYDE EMISSION; BONDED WOOD; PRODUCTS; FLOUR; STRENGTH; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; ENVIRONMENT; DURABILITY AB Soy flour has been used for many years as a wood adhesive. Rapid development of petroleum-based infrastructure coupled with advancement of synthetic resin technology resulted in waning usage since the early 1960s. Discovery of using polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin as a co-reactant has been effective in increasing the wet bond strength of soy adhesives and led to a resurgence in soy-based adhesive consumption. Technology for making wood adhesives from soy is reviewed in this chapter. It is clear from this review that commercial processing technology used to make various soy protein-containing products influences protein adhesive properties. Thermal denaturation of soy flour does not influence the dry or wet bond strength either without or with added PAE. However, in case of soy protein isolate, the hydrothermal process used to provide proteins with more functionality for food applications make these proteins much better wood adhesives, especially in wet bond strength both without and with added PAE. C1 [Frihart, Charles R.] Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Birkeland, Michael J.] AgriChem Technol, Madison, WI 53713 USA. RP Frihart, CR (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM cfrihart@fs.fed.us FU United Soybean Board [0458, 1458] FX We thank the United Soybean Board for grants 0458 and 1458 for support of this program, and Ashland Water Technologies, SmithBucklin Corporation, Omni Tech International, LTD, Heartland Resource Technologies, Cargill, and ADM for information provided. NR 107 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3006-4 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1178 BP 167 EP + PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering; Materials Science GA BC0ZY UT WOS:000349885300008 ER PT J AU Rutledge, ME Sollmann, R Washburn, BE Moorman, CE DePerno, CS AF Rutledge, M. Elizabeth Sollmann, Rahel Washburn, Brian E. Moorman, Christopher E. DePerno, Christopher S. TI Using novel spatial mark-resight techniques to monitor resident Canada geese in a suburban environment SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Branta canadensis; density estimation; goose movements; home range; survival; urbanisation ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; BRANTA-CANADENSIS; DEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS; DENSITY; POPULATIONS; INFERENCE; MODELS; FECES AB Context Over the past two decades, an increase in the number of resident (non-migratory) Canada geese (Branta canadensis) in the United States has heightened the awareness of human-goose interactions. Aims Accordingly, baseline demographic estimates for goose populations are needed to help better understand the ecology of Canada geese in suburban areas. Methods As a basis for monitoring efforts, we estimated densities of adult resident Canada geese in a suburban environment by using a novel spatial mark-resight method. We resighted 763 neck- and leg-banded resident Canada geese two to three times per week in and around Greensboro, North Carolina, over an 18-month period (June 2008 - December 2009). We estimated the density, detection probabilities, proportion of male geese in the population, and the movements and home-range radii of the geese by season ((post-molt I 2008 (16 July - 31 October), post-molt II 2008/2009 (1 November - 31 January), breeding and nesting 2009 (1 February - 31 May), and post-molt I 2009). Additionally, we used estimates of the number of marked individuals to quantify apparent monthly survival. Key results Goose densities varied by season, ranging from 11.10 individuals per km(2) (s.e.=0.23) in breeding/nesting to 16.02 individuals per km(2) (s.e.=0.34) in post-molt II. The 95% bivariate normal home-range radii ranged from 2.60 to 3.86km for males and from 1.90 to 3.15km for females and female home ranges were smaller than those of male geese during the breeding/nesting and post-molt II seasons. Apparent monthly survival across the study was high, ranging from 0.972 (s.e.=0.005) to 0.995 (s.e.=0.002). Conclusions By using spatial mark-resight models, we determined that Canada goose density estimates varied seasonally. Nevertheless, the seasonal changes in density are reflective of the seasonal changes in behaviour and physiological requirements of geese. Implications Although defining the state-space of spatial mark-resight models requires careful consideration, the technique represents a promising new tool to estimate and monitor the density of free-ranging wildlife. Spatial mark-resight methods provide managers with statistically robust population estimates and allow insight into animal space use without the need to employ more costly methods (e.g. telemetry). Also, when repeated across seasons or other biologically important time periods, spatial mark-resight modelling techniques allow for inference about apparent survival. C1 [Rutledge, M. Elizabeth; Sollmann, Rahel; Moorman, Christopher E.; DePerno, Christopher S.] N Carolina State Univ, Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol Program, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Washburn, Brian E.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH USA. RP Rutledge, ME (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol Program, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Campus Box 7646, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM merutled@ncsu.edu FU Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources; Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Program at North Carolina State University; US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services (USDA/APHIS/WS); Berryman Institute; Federal Aviation Administration FX The project was funded by the Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources and the Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology Program at North Carolina State University, the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services (USDA/APHIS/WS), the Berryman Institute, and the Federal Aviation Administration. We thank USDA/APHIS/WS for assistance with banding, B. Gardner for guidance with model preparation, and C. Marshall for assistance with data collection. We thank the NC Department of Transportation Aviation and Piedmont Triad International Airport Authority for logistical assistance. Additional thanks go to all graduate and undergraduate students from North Carolina State University who participated in the study, the Greensboro and High Point Parks and Recreation Departments, and local landowners and residents. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 EI 1448-5494 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2014 VL 41 IS 5 BP 447 EP 453 DI 10.1071/WR14069 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CC2DH UT WOS:000350154800007 ER PT S AU Pieterse, CMJ Zamioudis, C Berendsen, RL Weller, DM Van Wees, SCM Bakker, PAHM AF Pieterse, Corne M. J. Zamioudis, Christos Berendsen, Roeland L. Weller, David M. Van Wees, Saskia C. M. Bakker, Peter A. H. M. BE VanAlfen, NK TI Induced Systemic Resistance by Beneficial Microbes SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY, VOL 52 SE Annual Review of Phytopathology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE defense priming; plant immunity; plant growth-promoting microbes; rhizosphere microbiome; root signaling ID GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; MYCORRHIZA-INDUCED RESISTANCE; SYRINGAE PV. TOMATO; 2,4-DIACETYLPHLOROGLUCINOL-PRODUCING PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEINS; FUNGUS PIRIFORMOSPORA-INDICA; DEPENDENT DEFENSE PATHWAYS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SALICYLIC-ACID; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE AB Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for enhanced defense against a broad range of pathogens and insect herbivores. A wide variety of root-associated mutualists, including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Trichoderma, and mycorrhiza species sensitize the plant immune system for enhanced defense without directly activating costly defenses. This review focuses on molecular processes at the interface between plant roots and ISR-eliciting mutualists, and on the progress in our understanding of ISR signaling and systemic defense priming. The central role of the root-specific transcription factor MYB72 in the onset of ISR and the role of phytohormones and defense regulatory proteins in the expression of ISR in aboveground plant parts are highlighted. Finally, the ecological function of ISR-inducing microbes in the root microbiome is discussed. C1 [Pieterse, Corne M. J.; Zamioudis, Christos; Berendsen, Roeland L.; Weller, David M.; Van Wees, Saskia C. M.; Bakker, Peter A. H. M.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Environm Biol, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands. [Weller, David M.] USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Pieterse, CMJ (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Inst Environm Biol, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands. EM C.M.J.Pieterse@uu.nl; C.Zamioudis@uu.nl; R.L.Berendsen@uu.nl; David.Weller@ars.usda.gov; S.VanWees@uu.nl; P.A.H.M.Bakker@uu.nl RI Pieterse, Corne/A-9326-2011; Berendsen, Roeland/I-1594-2016; Bakker, Peter/B-9355-2011; Van Wees, Saskia/B-8595-2011 OI Pieterse, Corne/0000-0002-5473-4646; Van Wees, Saskia/0000-0002-2295-7271 NR 187 TC 132 Z9 135 U1 58 U2 292 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4286 BN 978-0-8243-1352-4 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 2014 VL 52 BP 347 EP 375 DI 10.1146/annurev-phyto-082712-102340 PG 29 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BB9MB UT WOS:000348457000016 PM 24906124 ER PT J AU Trabelsi, S Roelvink, J AF Trabelsi, Samir Roelvink, Jochem TI Investigating the Influence of Aging on Radiofrequency Dielectric Properties of Chicken Meat SO JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE POWER AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Dielectric properties; chicken meat; frequency dependence; ionic conductivity; storage; water loss; Cole-Cole model ID TURKEY MEAT; POULTRY; COLOR; WATER AB Changes in quality attributes of aging chicken meat were tracked through measurement of the dielectric properties with an open-ended coaxial probe between 200 MHz and 20 GHz at 23 degrees C. The chicken meat was stored in a refrigerator for 8 days at 4 degrees C. Changes in dielectric constant and loss factor were measured daily over an 8-day span study. The dielectric constant decreased with frequency and storage duration with a slope change at about 4 GHz. The frequency dependence of the dielectric loss factor was dominated by the ionic conduction in the lower frequency range and dipolar relaxation of water above 3 GHz. The dielectric loss factor increased with storage duration for frequencies below 3 GHz and remained almost constant above that frequency. A Cole-Cole model revealed that the ionic conductivity, sigma, and relaxation time spread, alpha, increased with storage time, while the relaxation time, tau, remained almost constant. C1 [Trabelsi, Samir; Roelvink, Jochem] ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Trabelsi, S (reprint author), ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT MICROWAVE POWER INST PI MECHANICSVILLE PA PO BOX 1140, MECHANICSVILLE, VA 23111 USA SN 0832-7823 J9 J MICROWAVE POWER EE JI J. Microw. Power Electromagn. Energy PY 2014 VL 48 IS 4 BP 215 EP 220 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA AX4TO UT WOS:000346924300002 ER PT S AU Freedberg, DI Selenko, P AF Freedberg, Daron I. Selenko, Philipp BE Dill, KA TI Live Cell NMR SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS, VOL 43 SE Annual Review of Biophysics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE in-cell NMR; on-cell NMR; in-cell EPR; macromolecular crowding; excluded volume; soft interactions ID SOLID-STATE NMR; DYNAMIC NUCLEAR-POLARIZATION; XENOPUS-LAEVIS OOCYTES; ANGLE-SPINNING NMR; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; LIVING MAMMALIAN-CELLS; IN-CELL; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; F-19 NMR AB Ever since scientists realized that cells are the basic building blocks of all life, they have been developing tools to look inside them to reveal the architectures and mechanisms that define their biological functions. Whereas "looking into cells" is typically said in reference to optical microscopy, high-resolution in-cell and on-cell nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful method that offers exciting new possibilities for structural and functional studies in and on live cells. In contrast to conventional imaging techniques, in-and on-cell NMR methods do not provide spatial information on cellular biomolecules. Instead, they enable atomic-resolution insights into the native cell states of proteins, nucleic acids, glycans, and lipids. Here we review recent advances and developments in both fields and discuss emerging concepts that have been delineated with these methods. C1 [Freedberg, Daron I.] USDA, Lab Bacterial Polysaccharides, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Selenko, Philipp] Leibniz Inst Mol Pharmacol FMP Berlin, Dept NMR Supported Struct Biol, In Cell NMR Lab, D-13125 Berlin, Germany. RP Freedberg, DI (reprint author), USDA, Lab Bacterial Polysaccharides, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM daron.freedberg@fda.hhs.gov; selenko@fmp-berlin.de NR 109 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 18 U2 80 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1936-122X BN 978-0-8243-1843-7 J9 ANNU REV BIOPHYS JI Annu. Rev. Biophys. PY 2014 VL 43 BP 171 EP 192 DI 10.1146/annurev-biophys-051013-023136 PG 22 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA BB9LG UT WOS:000348434000008 PM 24895852 ER PT S AU Allen, HK Stanton, TB AF Allen, Heather K. Stanton, Thad B. BE Gottesman, S TI Altered Egos: Antibiotic Effects on Food Animal Microbiomes SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 68 SE Annual Review of Microbiology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE gut microbiology; growth-promoting antibiotics; livestock; poultry; antibiotic resistance; subinhibitory antibiotics ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; MICROFLORA-ASSOCIATED CHARACTERISTICS; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; BUTYRATE-PRODUCING BACTERIA; SWINE INTESTINAL-TRACT; HUMAN GUT MICROBIOME; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RESISTANCE GENES; GROWTH PROMOTERS AB The human food chain begins with upwards of 1,000 species of bacteria that inhabit the intestinal tracts of poultry and livestock. These intestinal denizens are responsible for the health and safety of a major protein source for humans. The use of antibiotics to treat animal diseases was followed by the surprising discovery that antibiotics enhanced food animal growth, and both led to six decades of antibiotic use that has shaped food animal management practices. Perhaps the greatest impact of antibiotic feeding in food animals has been as a selective force in the evolution of their intestinal bacteria, particularly by increasing the prevalence and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes. Future antibiotic use will likely be limited to prudent applications in both human and veterinary medicine. Improved knowledge of antibiotic effects, particularly of growth-promoting antibiotics, will help overcome the challenges of managing animal health and food safety. C1 [Allen, Heather K.; Stanton, Thad B.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Allen, HK (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM heather.allen@ars.usda.gov; thaddeus.stanton@ars.usda.gov NR 154 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 44 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4227 BN 978-0-8243-1168-1 J9 ANNU REV MICROBIOL JI Annu. Rev. Microbiol. PY 2014 VL 68 BP 297 EP 315 DI 10.1146/annurev-micro-091213-113052 PG 19 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA BB9LU UT WOS:000348452900017 PM 25002091 ER PT S AU Waterland, RA AF Waterland, Robert A. BE Cousins, RJ TI Epigenetic Mechanisms Affecting Regulation of Energy Balance: Many Questions, Few Answers SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 34 SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE obesity; DNA methylation; programming; metabolic imprinting; food intake; energy expenditure ID HIGH-FAT DIET; DNA METHYLATION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MATERNAL OBESITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; WEIGHT-LOSS; FOOD-INTAKE; TRANSGENERATIONAL INHERITANCE; CELLULAR-COMPONENTS; WIDE ASSOCIATION AB Extensive human and animal model data show that nutrition and other environmental influences during critical periods of embryonic, fetal, and early postnatal life can affect the development of body weight regulatory pathways, with permanent consequences for risk of obesity. Epigenetic processes are widely viewed as a leading mechanism to explain the lifelong persistence of such "developmental programming" of energy balance. Despite meaningful progress in recent years, however, significant research obstacles impede our ability to test this hypothesis. Accordingly, this review attempts to summarize progress toward answering the following outstanding questions: Is epigenetic dysregulation a major cause of human obesity? In what cells/tissues is epigenetic regulation most important for energy balance? Does developmental programming of human body weight regulation occur via epigenetic mechanisms? Do epigenetic mechanisms have a greater impact on food intake or energy expenditure? Does epigenetic inheritance contribute to transgenerational patterns of obesity? In each case, significant obstacles and suggested approaches to surmounting them are elaborated. C1 [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Waterland, RA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM waterland@bcm.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R01DK081557] NR 112 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 16 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2834-4 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2014 VL 34 BP 337 EP 355 DI 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071813-105315 PG 19 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB9MA UT WOS:000348455800014 PM 24850387 ER PT S AU Smith, SM Abrams, SA Davis-Street, JE Heer, M O'Brien, KO Wastney, ME Zwart, SR AF Smith, S. M. Abrams, S. A. Davis-Street, J. E. Heer, M. O'Brien, K. O. Wastney, M. E. Zwart, S. R. BE Cousins, RJ TI Fifty Years of Human Space Travel: Implications for Bone and Calcium Research SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 34 SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE acid-base balance; bed rest; bone mineral density; exercise; microgravity; vitamin D ID RENAL STONE RISK; N-3 FATTY-ACIDS; LONG-DURATION SPACEFLIGHT; BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; RESISTIVE VIBRATION EXERCISE; PREVENT DISUSE OSTEOPOROSIS; PROLONGED BED REST; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; RED-BLOOD-CELL; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN AB Calcium and bone metabolism remain key concerns for space travelers, and ground-based models of space flight have provided a vast literature to complement the smaller set of reports from flight studies. Increased bone resorption and largely unchanged bone formation result in the loss of calcium and bone mineral during space flight, which alters the endocrine regulation of calcium metabolism. Physical, pharmacologic, and nutritional means have been used to counteract these changes. In 2012, heavy resistance exercise plus good nutritional and vitamin D status were demonstrated to reduce loss of bone mineral density on long-duration International Space Station missions. Uncertainty continues to exist, however, as to whether the bone is as strong after flight as it was before flight and whether nutritional and exercise prescriptions can be optimized during space flight. Findings from these studies not only will help future space explorers but also will broaden our understanding of the regulation of bone and calcium homeostasis on Earth. C1 [Smith, S. M.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Biomed Res & Environm Sci Div, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Abrams, S. A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Davis-Street, J. E.] Chevron Serv Co, Corp Hlth & Med, Houston, TX 77002 USA. [Heer, M.] Profil, D-41460 Neuss, Germany. [Heer, M.] Univ Bonn, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [O'Brien, K. O.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wastney, M. E.] Metab Modeling Serv, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Zwart, S. R.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Div Space Life Sci, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Smith, SM (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Biomed Res & Environm Sci Div, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM scott.m.smith@nasa.gov; sabrams@bcm.tmc.edu; jdstreet@chevron.com; martina.heer@profil.com; koo4@cornell.edu; wastneym@metabolic-modeling-services.com; sara.zwart-1@nasa.gov OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 174 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 12 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2834-4 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2014 VL 34 BP 377 EP 400 DI 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071813-105440 PG 24 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB9MA UT WOS:000348455800016 PM 24995691 ER PT S AU Finley, JW Finley, JW Ellwood, K Hoadley, J AF Finley, John Weldon Finley, John Wescott Ellwood, Kathleen Hoadley, James BE Cousins, RJ TI Launching a New Food Product or Dietary Supplement in the United States: Industrial, Regulatory, and Nutritional Considerations SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 34 SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE nutrition; food science; Food and Drug Administration; label claims; food product development; regulations ID PERCENT POLYMERIC COLOR; MONOMERIC ANTHOCYANINS; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; CANCER PREVENTION; HEALTH-BENEFITS; BITTER TASTE; AMINO-ACIDS; SELENIUM; CRANBERRIES; CRITERIA AB Launching a new food/dietary supplement into the US market can be a confusing process to those unfamiliar with the food industry. Industry capability and product specifications are initial determinants of whether a candidate product can be manufactured in a reproducible manner and whether pilot production can be brought up to the market scale. Regulatory issues determine how a product can be produced and marketed; the primary federal institutions involved in regulations are the US Department of Agriculture, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Federal Trade Commission. A primary distinction is made between food and drugs, and no product may enter the food market if it is in part or whole a drug. Product safety is a major concern, and myriad regulations govern the determination of safety. Newfoods/dietary supplements are often marketed by health claims or structure/function claims, and there are specific regulations pertaining to claims. Not understanding the regulatory issues involved in developing a new product or failing to comply with associated regulations can have legal and financial repercussions. C1 [Finley, John Weldon] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Finley, John Wescott] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Nutr & Food Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Ellwood, Kathleen; Hoadley, James] US FDA, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Finley, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.finley@ars.usda.gov; jfinley@agcenter.lsu.edu; kellwood@csmd.edu; jhoadley@easconsultinggroup.com NR 92 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 20 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2834-4 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2014 VL 34 BP 421 EP 447 DI 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071813-105817 PG 27 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB9MA UT WOS:000348455800018 PM 24850389 ER PT J AU Miller, AC Woeste, KE Anagnostakis, SL Jacobs, DF AF Miller, Amy C. Woeste, Keith E. Anagnostakis, Sandra L. Jacobs, Douglass F. TI Exploration of a rare population of Chinese chestnut in North America: stand dynamics, health and genetic relationships SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article DE Dendrochronology; distribution; ecology; hybrid; invasive; root DNA barcoding ID CASTANEA-DENTATA SEEDLINGS; SOUTHWESTERN WISCONSIN; SATIVA MILL.; FOREST; RESTORATION; DIVERSITY; REINTRODUCTION; ECOLOGY; GROWTH; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB With the transport of plants around the globe, exotic species can readily spread disease to their native relatives; however, they can also provide genetic resistance to those relatives through hybrid breeding programmes. American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was an abundant tree species in North America until its decimation by introduced chestnut blight. To restore chestnut in North America, efforts are ongoing to test putative blight-resistant hybrids of Castanea dentata and Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima), but little is known about the ecology of C. mollissima. In a forest in northeastern USA in which C. mollissima has become established, we explored questions of stand dynamics, health and genetic relationships of C. mollissima offspring to an adjacent parent orchard. We found that C. mollissima was adapted and randomly distributed among native species in this relatively young forest. The genetics of the C. mollissima population compared with its parents indicated little effect of selection pressure as each of the parent trees contributed at least one offspring. The ease with which this exotic species proliferated calls to question why C. mollissima is rare elsewhere in forests of North America. It is likely that a time window of low animal predation allowed seedlings to establish, and the shallow soil at this site limited the maximum forest canopy height, permitting the characteristically short-statured C. mollissima to avoid suppression. Our results indicate that because C. mollissima exhibited pioneer species characteristics, hybrids between C. mollissima and C. dentata have the potential to be successful pioneer species of future forests in North America, and we challenge the paradigm that exotic tree species are wholly detrimental to native biodiversity. We contend that exotic tree species should be assessed not only by their level of threat to native species, but also by their potential positive impacts on ecosystems via hybrid breeding programmes. C1 [Miller, Amy C.; Jacobs, Douglass F.] Purdue Univ, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Woeste, Keith E.] USDA Forest Serv, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, No Res Stn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Anagnostakis, Sandra L.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. RP Jacobs, DF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM djacobs@purdue.edu FU Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center at Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA FX Our work was funded by a Fred M. van Eck scholarship from the Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center at Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2014 VL 6 AR plu065 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plu065 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CB2ED UT WOS:000349438600004 ER PT J AU Dute, RR Bowen, LA Schier, S Vevon, AG Best, TL Auad, M Elder, T Bouche, P Jansen, S AF Dute, Roland R. Bowen, Lauren A. Schier, Sarah Vevon, Alexa G. Best, Troy L. Auad, Maria Elder, Thomas Bouche, Pauline Jansen, Steven TI PIT MEMBRANES OF EPHEDRA RESEMBLE GYMNOSPERMS MORE THAN ANGIOSPERMS SO IAWA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Atomic force microscopy; margo; plasmodesmata; scanning electron microscopy; torus; transmission electron microscopy ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TORUS STRUCTURE; PINUS-RADIATA; BARK ANATOMY; WOOD; XYLEM; GNETALES; BEARING; GNETUM AB Bordered pit pairs of Ephedra species were characterized using different types of microscopy. Pit membranes contained tori that did not stain for lignin. SEM and AFM views of the torus surface showed no plasmodesmatal openings, but branched, secondary plasmodesmata were occasionally noted using TEM in conjunction with ultrathin sections. The margo consisted of radial microfibrils as well as finer diameter tangential fibrils. The former formed fascicles of fibrils that merged into even thicker buttresses during the act of pit membrane aspiration. AFM showed a discontinuous layer of non-microfibrillar material on the surface of both torus and margo. It is hypothesized that this material is responsible for adhesion of the pit membrane to the surface of the pit border during the process of aspiration. Taken as a whole, intervascular pit membranes of Ephedra more closely resemble those of conifers than those of torus-bearing pit membranes of angiosperms. C1 [Dute, Roland R.; Bowen, Lauren A.; Schier, Sarah; Vevon, Alexa G.; Best, Troy L.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Elder, Thomas] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Auad, Maria] Auburn Univ, Dept Polymer & Fiber Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Bouche, Pauline; Jansen, Steven] Univ Ulm, Inst Systemat Bot & Ecol, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. [Bouche, Pauline] Univ Bordeaux, INRA, UMR BIOGECO, F-33405 Talence, France. RP Dute, RR (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Life Sci Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM duterol@auburn.edu RI Jansen, Steven/A-9868-2012 OI Jansen, Steven/0000-0002-4476-5334 FU Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station; Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University FX We wish to thank Drs. Aaron Rashotte and Christine Sundermann for use of their microscopes and Curtis J. Hansen for his assistance in identifying collected specimens of Ephedra. The Electron Microscopy Section of Ulm University is acknowledged for technical assistance with preparing TEM samples. This work was supported by the Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station and by an undergraduate Research Grant-In-Aid from the Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-1541 EI 2294-1932 J9 IAWA J JI IAWA J. PY 2014 VL 35 IS 3 BP 217 EP 235 DI 10.1163/22941932-00000062 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CA9MC UT WOS:000349246900001 ER PT B AU Robbe-Austerman, S Turcotte, C AF Robbe-Austerman, Suelee Turcotte, Claude BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI New and current approaches for isolation, identification, and genotyping of Mycobacterium bovis SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TUBERCULOSIS COMPLEX; POPULATION-STRUCTURE C1 [Robbe-Austerman, Suelee] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Mycobacteria Brucella Sect, Diagnost Bacteriol Lab, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Turcotte, Claude] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ontario Lab Fallowfield, Mycobacterial Dis Ctr Expertise, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Robbe-Austerman, S (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Mycobacteria Brucella Sect, Diagnost Bacteriol Lab, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP 89 EP 98 D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800009 ER PT B AU Naugle, AL Schoenbaum, M Hench, CW Henderson, OL Shere, J AF Naugle, Alecia Larew Schoenbaum, Mark Hench, C. William Henderson, Owen L. Shere, Jack BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI Bovine tuberculosis eradication in the United States A century of progress SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Naugle, Alecia Larew] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Schoenbaum, Mark] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv Western Reg Off, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Hench, C. William; Henderson, Owen L.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl TB Eradicat Program, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Shere, Jack] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Naugle, AL (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP 235 EP 251 D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800022 ER PT B AU Portacci, K Lombard, J Schoenbaum, M Orloski, K Camacho, M AF Portacci, Katie Lombard, Jason Schoenbaum, Mark Orloski, Kathleen Camacho, Mark BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI The occurrence of M. bovis cases in US cattle, 2001-2011 SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; TUBERCULOSIS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION C1 [Portacci, Katie] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Lombard, Jason] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, NAHMS, USDA, Vet Serv Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Schoenbaum, Mark] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv Western Reg Off, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Orloski, Kathleen] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl TB Eradicat Program, Ruminant Hlth Programs, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Camacho, Mark] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Portacci, K (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP 253 EP 261 D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800023 ER PT B AU Schoenbaum, M Antognoli, MC Orloski, K AF Schoenbaum, Mark Antognoli, Maria Celia Orloski, Kathleen BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI Evaluation of antemortem diagnostic tests for detecting bovine tuberculosis infection in the United States SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GAMMA-INTERFERON ASSAY; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; RESPONSES C1 [Schoenbaum, Mark] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv Western Reg Off, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Antognoli, Maria Celia] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Orloski, Kathleen] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl TB Eradicat Program, Ruminant Hlth Programs, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Schoenbaum, M (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv Western Reg Off, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP 277 EP 286 D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800025 ER PT B AU Ortiz, AP Gutierrez-Reyes, JA Velazquez, EF Escalona, GAR Hernandez, ETS AF Ortiz, Alejandro Perera Alfredo Gutierrez-Reyes, Jose Flores Velazquez, Estela Reyes Escalona, Guillermo Agustin Selva Hernandez, Eli Tonatiuh BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI Bovine tuberculosis eradication program in Mexico SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ortiz, Alejandro Perera] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Alfredo Gutierrez-Reyes, Jose; Selva Hernandez, Eli Tonatiuh] SAGARPA SENASICA, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Flores Velazquez, Estela] SAGARPA SENASICA, Anim Hlth Programs, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Reyes Escalona, Guillermo Agustin] SAGARPA SENASICA, Bovine TB & Brucellosis Sect, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Ortiz, AP (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP 291 EP 308 D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 18 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800027 ER PT B AU Liebhold, A Wingfield, M AF Liebhold, Andrew Wingfield, Michael BE Nikolakis, W Innes, J TI Globalization and its implications to forest health SO FORESTS AND GLOBALIZATION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SE Earthscan Forest Library LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; EXOTIC BARK; PATHOGENS; AMBROSIA; DISEASES; THREAT; PESTS; ESTABLISHMENTS C1 [Liebhold, Andrew] US Forest Serv, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Wingfield, Michael] Univ Pretoria, Forestry & Agr Biotechnol Inst, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Liebhold, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RI Wingfield, Michael/A-9473-2008 NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-76653-9; 978-1-138-78739-1 J9 EARTHSCAN FOR LIBR PY 2014 BP 36 EP 47 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Planning & Development SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Public Administration GA BB8KS UT WOS:000346776600005 ER PT J AU Soong, JL Reuss, D Pinney, C Boyack, T Haddix, ML Stewart, CE Cotrufo, MF AF Soong, Jennifer L. Reuss, Dan Pinney, Colin Boyack, Ty Haddix, Michelle L. Stewart, Catherine E. Cotrufo, M. Francesca TI Design and Operation of a Continuous C-13 and N-15 Labeling Chamber for Uniform or Differential, Metabolic and Structural, Plant Isotope Labeling SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Environmental Sciences; Issue 83; C-13; N-15; plant; stable isotope labeling; Andropogon gerardii; metabolic compounds; structural compounds; hot water extraction ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; FOREST SOILS; CARBON; STABILIZATION; DEGRADATION; ALLOCATION; FRACTIONS; GRASSLAND; DYNAMICS AB Tracing rare stable isotopes from plant material through the ecosystem provides the most sensitive information about ecosystem processes; from CO2 fluxes and soil organic matter formation to small-scale stable-isotope biomarker probing. Coupling multiple stable isotopes such as C-13 with N-15, O-18 or H-2 has the potential to reveal even more information about complex stoichiometric relationships during biogeochemical transformations. Isotope labeled plant material has been used in various studies of litter decomposition and soil organic matter formation(1-4). From these and other studies, however, it has become apparent that structural components of plant material behave differently than metabolic components (i.e. leachable low molecular weight compounds) in terms of microbial utilization and long-term carbon storage(5-7). The ability to study structural and metabolic components separately provides a powerful new tool for advancing the forefront of ecosystem biogeochemical studies. Here we describe a method for producing C-13 and N-15 labeled plant material that is either uniformly labeled throughout the plant or differentially labeled in structural and metabolic plant components. Here, we present the construction and operation of a continuous C-13 and N-15 labeling chamber that can be modified to meet various research needs. Uniformly labeled plant material is produced by continuous labeling from seedling to harvest, while differential labeling is achieved by removing the growing plants from the chamber weeks prior to harvest. Representative results from growing Andropogon gerardii Kaw demonstrate the system's ability to efficiently label plant material at the targeted levels. Through this method we have produced plant material with a 4.4 atom% C-13 and 6.7 atom% N-15 uniform plant label, or material that is differentially labeled by up to 1.29 atom% C-13 and 0.56 atom % N-15 in its metabolic and structural components (hot water extractable and hot water residual components, respectively). Challenges lie in maintaining proper temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light levels in an airtight C-13-CO2 atmosphere for successful plant production. This chamber description represents a useful research tool to effectively produce uniformly or differentially multi-isotope labeled plant material for use in experiments on ecosystem biogeochemical cycling. C1 [Soong, Jennifer L.; Reuss, Dan; Pinney, Colin; Boyack, Ty; Haddix, Michelle L.; Cotrufo, M. Francesca] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stewart, Catherine E.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Cotrufo, M. Francesca] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Soong, JL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Jennifer.Soong@colostate.edu RI Cotrufo, M. Francesca/C-1614-2013 OI Cotrufo, M. Francesca/0000-0002-6191-8953 FU NSF DEB grant [0918482]; USDA National Needs Fellowship; Cotrufo-Hoppess fund for soil ecology research FX Special thanks to the Plant Growth Facility and EcoCore analytical facility at Colorado State University and to the many students and teachers who helped on this project. This work is funded by the NSF DEB grant #0918482, USDA National Needs Fellowship, and the Cotrufo-Hoppess fund for soil ecology research. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 29 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JAN PY 2014 IS 83 AR e51117 DI 10.3791/51117 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AZ9DZ UT WOS:000348513500046 PM 24457314 ER PT J AU Havens, PL Hazra, R Stephensen, CB Kiser, JJ Flynn, PM Wilson, CM Rutledge, B Bethel, J Pan, CG Woodhouse, LR Van Loan, MD Liu, N Lujan-Zilbermann, J Baker, A Kapogiannis, BG Gordon, CM Mulligan, K AF Havens, Peter L. Hazra, Rohan Stephensen, Charles B. Kiser, Jennifer J. Flynn, Patricia M. Wilson, Craig M. Rutledge, Brandy Bethel, James Pan, Cynthia G. Woodhouse, Leslie R. Van Loan, Marta D. Liu, Nancy Lujan-Zilbermann, Jorge Baker, Alyne Kapogiannis, Bill G. Gordon, Catherine M. Mulligan, Kathleen CA Adolescent Med Trials Network HIV TI Vitamin D3 supplementation increases fibroblast growth factor-23 in HIV-infected youths treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE; D DEFICIENCY; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; THERAPY; CALCITRIOL; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D; DIALYSIS; CALCIUM; BINDING; PROTEIN AB Background: Tenofovir (TDF) is associated with phosphaturia and elevated 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25-OH(2)D). Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) causes phosphaturia and increases in response to elevated 1,25-OH(2)D. Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) binds to 1,25-OH(2)D, decreasing its biological activity, and is elevated in individuals with higher plasma tenofovir concentrations. We compared FGF23 and VDBP before and after vitamin D3 (VITD) supplementation in youths treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) containing or not containing TDF. Methods: A randomized controlled trial in HIV-positive youths aged 18-25 years enrolled participants based on cART treatment with TDF (TDF; n = 118) or without TDF (no-TDF; n = 85), and randomized within those groups to VITD (50,000 IU every 4 weeks) or placebo (PL). We measured FGF23 and VDBP and calculated free 1,25-OH(2)D at baseline and week 12, and compared changes by TDF treatment and VITD randomized group. Results: At baseline, serum FGF23 concentration showed a quadratic relationship with 1,25-OH(2)D most pronounced in the TDF group. At week 12, total and free 1,25-OH(2)D increased in the VITD but not PL groups, independent of TDF use. FGF23 increased in the TDF group receiving VITD, but there was no FGF23 change in the no-TDF group receiving VITD or the PL groups. The adjusted mean change in FGF23 from baseline to week 12 was 7.7 pg/ml in the TDF/VITD group, compared with -1.7 (no-TDF/VITD, P = 0.010), -1.3 (TDF/PL, P = 0.006) and 1.1 (no-TDF/PL, P = 0.035). Conclusions: These results suggest that TDF-containing cART may alter the FGF23 response to vitamin D supplementation in HIV-infected youths. Clinical trials number: NCT00490412. C1 [Havens, Peter L.; Pan, Cynthia G.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Childrens Hosp Wisconsin, Childrens Res Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Hazra, Rohan; Kapogiannis, Bill G.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Bethesda, MD USA. [Stephensen, Charles B.; Woodhouse, Leslie R.; Van Loan, Marta D.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Kiser, Jennifer J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Aurora, CO USA. [Flynn, Patricia M.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Wilson, Craig M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Rutledge, Brandy; Bethel, James; Liu, Nancy] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Lujan-Zilbermann, Jorge] Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Tampa, FL USA. [Baker, Alyne] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Gordon, Catherine M.] Hasbro Childrens Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Gordon, Catherine M.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mulligan, Kathleen] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Havens, PL (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Childrens Hosp Wisconsin, Childrens Res Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM phavens@mcw.edu FU Cancer Research UK [RUL1-RR-024134]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR024134, M01 RR000188, M01 RR010710, M01 RR020359, M01-RR00188, M01-RR10710, M01RR020359, UL1 RR024131, UL1 RR025014, UL1-RR025014, UL1-RR02517]; NICHD NIH HHS [U01 HD 040474, U01 HD 040533, U01 HD040474, U01 HD040497, U01 HD040533] NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 IS 6 BP 613 EP 618 DI 10.3851/IMP2755 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CA0JE UT WOS:000348603300010 PM 24535626 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Racharaks, R AF Allred, B. J. Racharaks, R. TI PRELIMINARY LABORATORY EVALUATION OF IRON-BEARING REACTIVE MEDIA FOR PESTICIDE WATER TREATMENT SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Iron-bearing reactive media; Organochloride pesticides; Porous iron composite; Water treatment ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; CORROSION PRODUCTS; GROUND-WATER; ATRAZINE; DRAINAGE; REDUCTION; TRANSPORT; QUALITY; RUNOFF; SOIL AB Agricultural pesticides are often found in ground and surface waters, and if present in high enough concentrations, create risks to human and ecological health. Filter treatment systems can potentially remove pesticides from water. Therefore, a laboratory investigation was conducted to assess the water treatment capabilities of four iron-bearing reactive media to remove three different organochloride pesticides. The iron-bearing reactive media evaluated were zero valent iron (ZVI), porous iron composite (PIC), sulfur modified iron (SMI), and a synthetic goethite iron oxide/hydroxide (SG). The three organochloride pesticides tested for removal by the four iron-bearing reactive media were 2,4-D, alachlor, and atrazine. The laboratory investigation included contaminant removal batch tests and saturated solute transport column tests at two hydraulic retention times. Results of replicated contaminant removal batch tests indicate, that of the four iron-bearing reactive media evaluated, PIC is clearly the most effective for water treatment of 2,4-D, alachlor, and atrazine. The initial batch test concentration for each of the three pesticides was 500 ppb, and the replicated PIC batch tests averaged more than 98% removal for alachlor and greater than 99% removal of 2,4-D and atrazine. Pesticide water treatment capabilities for PIC were further assessed by comparing results between control (no filter material empty column) and PIC saturated solute transport column tests. In contrast to an influent concentration entering the PIC column of 500 ppb for each of the three pesticides, the effluent 2,4-D, alachlor, and atrazine concentrations exiting the PIC column were less than 0.3 ppb, even when the hydraulic retention time was only 4 min. Importantly, all PIC column test effluent pesticide concentrations were well below USEPA drinking water standards. Consequently, this preliminary laboratory assessment indicates that the PIC filter material exhibits promise for organochloride pesticide water treatment; however, more laboratory and field testing is needed to fully determine PIC capabilities. C1 [Allred, B. J.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Racharaks, R.] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM allred.13@osu.edu NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PY 2014 VL 30 IS 6 BP 859 EP 867 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CA1RT UT WOS:000348690000003 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Gamble, DL Clevenger, WB LaBarge, GA Frill, GL Czartoski, BJ Fausey, NR Brown, LC AF Allred, B. J. Gamble, D. L. Clevenger, W. B. LaBarge, G. A. Frill, G. L. Czartoski, B. J. Fausey, N. R. Brown, L. C. TI CROP YIELD SUMMARY FOR THREE WETLAND RESERVOIR SUBIRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN NORTHWEST OHIO SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Crop yields; Subirrigation; Subsurface drainage; Water table management ID WATER-TABLE MANAGEMENT; NITRATE LOSS; DRAINAGE; CORN AB Wetland Reservoir Subirrigation Systems (WRSIS) are innovative agricultural water management and recycling systems comprised of three main components; a constructed wetland, a water storage reservoir, and cropland containing subsurface drainage pipe systems. Surface runoff and subsurface drainage from cropland are diverted to a constructed treatment wetland to partially remove nutrients and suspended sediment. Water from the wetland is then routed to a storage reservoir and held there until needed during the growing season for subirrigation. With subirrigation, water from the reservoir is added directly to some of the cropland subsurface drainage pipe systems in order to irrigate the crops through the root zone. Three WRSIS were installed in northwest Ohio; within Defiance, Fulton, and Van Wert Counties. These three sites were operated and monitored from 1996 through 2008. Potential WRSIS benefits included: (1) reduced offsite release of nitrogen nutrients and suspended sediment, (2) additional wetland vegetation and wildlife habitat, and (3) enhanced crop yields. With respect to crop production at all three sites combined, the subirrigated fields within WRSIS, as compared to fields with conventional, unrestricted subsurface drainage, were found to have respectively larger corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) yields of 28.7% and 25.2% during dry growing seasons, 14.1% and 6.9% during near average or wet growing seasons, and 19.1% and 12.1% overall. Subirrigated field crop yield results varied between sites with the greatest corn and soybean production increases found at the Fulton County WRSIS, followed by the Van Wert County WRSIS, then the Defiance County WRSIS. At the Defiance County WRSIS, which had high clay content, low hydraulic conductivity soils, a shorter subirrigated field drain line spacing distance (half of what is typical) was found to improve the yield of corn, but not soybeans. This study indicates that WRSIS can provide significant crop yield benefits, especially during dry growing seasons. C1 [Allred, B. J.; Gamble, D. L.; Fausey, N. R.] USDA ARS, SDRU, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Clevenger, W. B.] Ohio State Univ Extens, Defiance, OH USA. [LaBarge, G. A.] Ohio State Univ Extens, Marion, OH USA. [Frill, G. L.] Mercer Landmark, Celina, OH USA. [Czartoski, B. J.] Maumee Valley RC&D, Defiance, OH USA. [Brown, L. C.] Ohio State Univ, FABE Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, SDRU, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,RM 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Barry.Allred@ars.usda.gov RI LaBarge, Greg/C-5921-2017 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PY 2014 VL 30 IS 6 BP 889 EP 903 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CA1RT UT WOS:000348690000005 ER PT J AU Bay, MK Thompson, AL Sudduth, KA Gantzer, CJ AF Bay, M. K. Thompson, A. L. Sudduth, K. A. Gantzer, C. J. TI AN ONLINE PLANNING TOOL FOR DESIGNING TERRACE LAYOUTS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Digital elevation; Farmability; Web-based AB A web-based conservation planning tool, Web TERLOC (web-based TERrace LOCation program), was developed to provide multiple terrace layout options using digital elevation model (DEM) and geographic information systems (GIS). Development of a terrace system is complicated by the time-intensive manual layout process, which can take up to 50% of the total design time. The objective was to develop a web-based conservation planning tool for designing terrace layouts. The use of Web TERLOC enables automation of the terrace layout procedure, potentially saving time and money. Functionality of the program was enhanced by integration with an online ArcGIS interface. Multiple help menus and automated drawing and uploading tools increased input efficiency and ease of program use. Based on an earlier version of TERLOC, existing design procedures were modified to enhance layout results for fields with irregular boundaries, topography, and orientation. Program design modifications included variable terrace spacing, channel grade adjustments to meet non-erosive velocities, and the option for multiple key terraces. These new features provide means of selecting layout designs based on conservation, overall terrace length, and farmability. Analysis of Web TERLOC and its output was performed by comparing the program layout results for five fields with manually located terraces using standard NRCS procedures. Program results were comparable to the manual terrace layout results, with fields having large drainage areas most similar. Terrace number, shape, and length were the features with the most similarities. Terrace spacing was found to be most variable, with the program spacing typically larger than the manual result, particularly for smaller, more uniform fields. For example, fields less than 10 ha resulted in program spacings 25% to 67% greater than manual layouts, while larger fields were 4% to 22% greater. Depending on location of the uppermost terrace in larger fields, total field terrace numbers were equal or within one or two of the constructed layout. Excluding these uppermost or lowest terraces additional terraces, total field terrace lengths were within 1% to 3% of the constructed lengths. In general, the Web TERLOC program successfully demonstrated its use as an efficient terrace layout planning tool. C1 [Bay, M. K.; Thompson, A. L.] Dept Biol Engn, Columbia, MO USA. [Sudduth, K. A.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. [Gantzer, C. J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Thompson, AL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Room 259,Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM thompsona@missouri.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PY 2014 VL 30 IS 6 BP 905 EP 914 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA CA1RT UT WOS:000348690000006 ER PT J AU Kreindl, C Olivares, M Brito, A Araya, M Pizarro, F AF Kreindl, Christine Olivares, Manuel Brito, Alex Araya, Magdalena Pizarro, Fernando TI Seasonal variations in the lipid profile of apparently healthy young adults living in Santiago, Chile SO ARCHIVOS LATINOAMERICANOS DE NUTRICION LA Spanish DT Article DE Serum cholesterol; seasonality; air temperature; dyslipidemia; LDL; cholesterol; Vitamin D ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; BLOOD CHOLESTEROL; SERUM; LEVEL AB The lipid profile is impacted by numerous factors. However, the seasonal variations in this profile have not been well-established in the southern hemisphere. The aim of this study was to determine the seasonal variation of the lipid profile in apparently healthy adults from Santiago, Chile. The study design was observational and prospective, involving 50 healthy volunteers of both genders, aged 23-62 years. The lipid profile was measured at monthly intervals over the course of one year. LDL was significantly higher in winter -spring than in summer-fall (p < 0.01). Conversely, HDL decreases significantly in winter (p<0,05). We conclude that there are seasonal variations in the serum levels of LDL and HDL. The circannual pattern is characterized by increased levels of LDL in winter-spring and low levels of HDL in winter. C1 [Kreindl, Christine] Univ Chile, INTA, Santiago, Chile. Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kreindl, C (reprint author), Univ Chile, INTA, Santiago, Chile. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ARCHIVOS LATINOAMERICANOS NUTRICION PI CARACAS PA APARTADO 62778 CHACAO, AVENIDA FRANCISCO MIRANDA, CARACAS 1060, VENEZUELA SN 0004-0622 J9 ARCH LATINOAM NUTR JI Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 3 BP 145 EP 152 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AZ5TX UT WOS:000348284100001 PM 26137790 ER PT J AU Bai, FL Yu, YH Tian, H Ren, GP Wang, H Zhou, B Han, XH Yu, QZ Li, DS AF Bai, Fu-Liang Yu, Yin-Hang Tian, Hui Ren, Gui-Ping Wang, Hui Zhou, Bing Han, Xiao-Hui Yu, Qing-Zhong Li, De-Shan TI Genetically engineered Newcastle disease virus expressing interleukin-2 and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand for cancer therapy SO CANCER BIOLOGY & THERAPY LA English DT Article DE rNDV; cancer therapy; IL-2; TRAIL; rNDV-IL-2-TRAIL; immunotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy; oncolytic agent ID TRAIL-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; TUMOR-CELL LINES; ONCOLYTIC PROPERTIES; TG4010 MVA-MUC1-IL2; PROSTATE-CANCER; VACCINE VECTOR; FOREIGN GENE; PHASE-II; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MELANOMA AB Recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) have shown oncolytic therapeutic efficacy in preclinical studies and are currently in clinical trials. In this study, we have evaluated the possibility to enhance the cancer therapeutic potential of NDV by means of inserting both interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) delivered by rNDV. We demonstrated that rNDV expressing TRAIL (rNDV-TRAIL) or both human IL-2 and TRAIL (rNDV-IL-2-TRAIL) significantly enhanced inherent anti-neoplastic of rNDV by inducing apoptosis. And we showed that apoptosis-related genes mRNA expression was increased after treated with rNDV-TRAIL or rNDV-IL-2-TRAIL compared with rNDV and rNDV-IL-2. We also demonstrated that both rNDV-IL-2 and rNDV-IL-2-TRAIL induced proliferation of the CD4(+) and CD8(+) in treated mice and elicited expression of TNF- and IFN- antitumor cytokines. These mice treated with oncolytic agents exhibited significant reduction in tumor development compared with mice treated with the parental virus. In addition, experiments in both hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma-bearing mice demonstrated that the genetically engineered rNDV-IL-2-TRAIL exhibited prolonged animals' survival compared with rNDV, rNDV-IL-2, and rNDV-TRAIL. In conclusion, the immunotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy properties of NDV can be enhanced by the introduction of IL-2 and TRAIL genes, whose products initiated a broad cascade of immunological affects and induced tumor cells apoptosis in the microenvironment of the immune system. C1 [Bai, Fu-Liang; Yu, Yin-Hang; Tian, Hui; Ren, Gui-Ping; Wang, Hui; Zhou, Bing; Han, Xiao-Hui; Li, De-Shan] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Biopharmaceut Teaching & Res Dept, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Yu, Qing-Zhong] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Li, DS (reprint author), Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Biopharmaceut Teaching & Res Dept, Harbin, Peoples R China. EM desganli@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [31200121]; Heilongjiang Funds for Young Scientists [QC2012C099]; Northeast Agriculture University Funds for PhD [2012RCB43] FX This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 31200121), Heilongjiang Funds for Young Scientists (QC2012C099), and Northeast Agriculture University Funds for PhD (2012RCB43). NR 49 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-4047 EI 1555-8576 J9 CANCER BIOL THER JI Cancer Biol. Ther. PY 2014 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1226 EP 1238 DI 10.4161/cbt.29686 PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AZ6GY UT WOS:000348318700013 PM 24971746 ER PT J AU Wu, DY Meydani, SN AF Wu, Dayong Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Age-Associated Changes in Immune Function: Impact of Vitamin E Intervention and the Underlying Mechanisms SO ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS LA English DT Article DE Aging; immune function; infection; nutrition; vitamin E ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; HEALTHY ELDERLY SUBJECTS; HUMAN T-LYMPHOCYTES; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; E SUPPLEMENTATION; OLD MICE; CYCLOOXYGENASE ACTIVITY; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; MURINE MACROPHAGES AB Numerous studies have provided evidence suggesting that aging is associated with significant adverse changes in the immune system, a phenomenon often called immunosenescence, which may be responsible for an observed increase in morbidity and mortality from infectious disease and cancer in the elderly. While a variety of immune cells are known to be affected by aging, declined T cell function is the most striking and best characterized feature of immunosenescence. Both intrinsic changes in T cells and alteration in extrinsic factors are involved. Nutritional intervention has been promoted as a promising approach to delaying/reversing immunosenescence, and vitamin E is one of the best studied candidates in this regard. While vitamin E deficiency is rarely seen, both animal and human studies suggest that intake above currently recommended levels may help restore T cell function which becomes impaired with aging. This effect of vitamin E can be accomplished by directly impacting T cells as well as indirectly, by inhibiting production of prostaglandin E-2, a T cell-suppressing lipid mediator known to increase with aging. Vitamin E-induced enhancements of immune functions may have significant clinical implications since vitamin E supplementation has been shown to be associated with both enhanced resistance to influenza infection in aged mice and reduced risk of acquiring upper respiratory infections in elderly human subjects. With a focus on our own work, this paper provides an overview on the beneficial effects of increased vitamin E intake on age-related decline in T cell function, the underlying mechanisms, and its clinical application in reducing the risk of infection. C1 [Wu, Dayong; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wu, DY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dayong.wu@tufts.edu FU USDA/ARS [58-1950-0-014] FX The authors are supported by the USDA/ARS under contract #58-1950-0-014. The authors like to thank Stephanie Marco for her help in the preparation of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 6 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1871-5303 EI 2212-3873 J9 ENDOCR METAB IMMUNE JI Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord.-Drug Targets PY 2014 VL 14 IS 4 BP 283 EP 289 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CA1CS UT WOS:000348651300007 PM 25244230 ER PT B AU Isaak, DJ AF Isaak, Daniel J. BE Taylor, WW Lynch, AJ Leonard, NJ TI Climate Change and the Future of Freshwater Fisheries SO FUTURE OF FISHERIES: PERSPECTIVES FOR EMERGING PROFESSIONALS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; DISTRIBUTIONS; BIODIVERSITY; EXTINCTION; STREAMFLOW; THREATS; TRENDS; TROUT; FISH C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Isaak, DJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 322 East Front St,Suite 401, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM disaak@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA BN 978-1-934874-38-7 PY 2014 BP 435 EP 441 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA BB8DW UT WOS:000346453500066 ER PT J AU Tang, GW AF Tang, Guangwen TI Vitamin A Value of Plant Food Provitamin A - Evaluated by the Stable Isotope Technologies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR VITAMIN AND NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE stable isotopes; vitamin A; provitamin A carotenoids; beta-carotene; intrinsic labeling; bio absorption; bio conversion ID BETA-CAROTENE; INTESTINAL ABSORPTION; VEGETABLES; CONVERSION; OIL; BIOAVAILABILITY; CHILDREN; SPINACH; RETINOL; ADULTS AB Humans need vitamin A and obtain essential vitamin A by conversion of plant foods rich in provitamin A and/or absorption of preformed vitamin A from foods of animal origin. The determination of the vitamin A value of plant foods rich in provitamin A is important but has challenges. The aim of this paper is to review the progress over last 80 years following the discovery on the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A and the various techniques including stable isotope technologies that have been developed to determine vitamin A values of plant provitamin A (mainly beta-carotene). These include applications from using radioactive beta-carotene and vitamin A, depletion-repletion with vitamin A and beta-carotene, and measuring postprandial chylomicron fractions after feeding a beta-carotene rich diet, to using stable isotopes as tracers to follow the absorption and conversion of plant food provitamin A carotenoids (mainly beta-carotene) in humans. These approaches have greatly promoted our understanding of the absorption and conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A. Stable isotope labeled plant foods are useful for determining the overall bioavailability of provitamin A carotenoids from specific foods. Locally obtained plant foods can provide vitamin A and prevent deficiency of vitamin A, a remaining worldwide concern. C1 [Tang, Guangwen] Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Tang, GW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM guangwen.tang@tufts.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [581950-7-707] FX This work is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Cooperative Agreements 581950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU VERLAG HANS HUBER PI BERN 9 PA LANGGASS-STRASSE 76, CH-3000 BERN 9, SWITZERLAND SN 0300-9831 EI 1664-2821 J9 INT J VITAM NUTR RES JI Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. PY 2014 VL 84 SU 1 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1024/0300-9831/a000183 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA CA1QA UT WOS:000348685600004 PM 25537103 ER PT J AU Griffin, MJ Khoo, LH Steadman, JM Ware, C Quiniou, SM Mischke, CC Greenway, TE Wise, DJ AF Griffin, Matt J. Khoo, Lester H. Steadman, James M. Ware, Cynthia Quiniou, Sylvie M. Mischke, Charles C. Greenway, Terrence E. Wise, David J. TI Chronic Pathology and Longevity of Drepanocephalus spathans Infections in Juvenile Channel Catfish SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORMORANTS PHALACROCORAX-AURITUS; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; BOLBOPHORUS-CONFUSUS; DIPLOSTOMUM-PHOXINI; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; CYPRINUS-CARPIO; CRANIAL CAVITY; APOPHALLUS SP.; COMMON CARP; LIFE-CYCLE AB Drepanocephalus spathans (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is a common parasite of the double-crested cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus. The cercariae of D. spathans have been shown infective to juvenile Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The developing metacercariae concentrate in the cranial regions, often occluding blood vessels at the base of the branchial arch, occasionally resulting in death. The purpose of this study was to determine how long metacercariae of D. spathans persist in experimentally challenged Channel Catfish. Two separate infectivity trials were conducted. In both trials, metacercariae persisted at least 49 d postinfection, although prevalence and intensity of infection decreased over time. In the first trial, juvenile catfish (1-3 g) were exposed over three consecutive days to 100, 100, and 80 cercariae/fish/d, respectively. Fish were sampled 7 d after the final exposure, and metacercariae were observed in 83.3% (five of six) of challenged fish. At 21 d postexposure, metacercariae were present in only 50% of exposed fish (three of six). No metacercaria were observed in fish sampled at 35 d, however, metacercariae were present in one of six (16.7%) fish sampled 49 and 70 d postexposure, respectively. A second challenge consisted of a 24-h pooled exposure of 500 cercariae per fish. Again, metacercariae were present in most (six of seven; 85.7%) fish at 7 d postexposure. At 21 d postexposure, metacercariae were only evident in one of seven (14.3%) sampled fish. No metacercariae were present in any fish at 35 d postchallenge, yet one of seven (14.3%) fish was positive at 49 d postchallenge. The second study was terminated at 63 d postchallenge, as all fish sampled (n = 14) were negative for metacercariae. These data suggest that cercariae of D. spathans are infective to juvenile Channel Catfish, although the infection appears short lived as metacercariae rarely persisted longer than 2 months. C1 [Griffin, Matt J.; Khoo, Lester H.; Steadman, James M.; Ware, Cynthia] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Aquat Res & Diagnost Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Quiniou, Sylvie M.] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Mischke, Charles C.; Greenway, Terrence E.; Wise, David J.] Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Mississippi Agr & Forestry Expt Stn, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Griffin, MJ (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Aquat Res & Diagnost Lab, POB 197, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM griffin@cvm.msstate.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Catfish Health Initiative [CRIS 6402-31320-002-02]; Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES) FX The authors would like to thank Holly Whitehead and Kyle Christopher for their technical assistance. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Catfish Health Initiative (CRIS 6402-31320-002-02), the Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES). This is MAFES publication J-12517. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-7659 EI 1548-8667 J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 210 EP 218 DI 10.1080/08997659.2014.938869 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA AZ1YZ UT WOS:000348032500002 PM 25250624 ER PT J AU Hoppe, B White, D Harding, A Mueller-Warrant, G Hope, B Main, E AF Hoppe, Brendalynn White, Denis Harding, Anna Mueller-Warrant, George Hope, Bruce Main, Eric TI High resolution modeling of agricultural nitrogen to identify private wells susceptible to nitrate contamination SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE drinking water; fertilizer; high resolution modeling; manure; nitrate; private wells ID DRINKING-WATER; LAND-USE; GROUNDWATER QUALITY; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; WASTE-WATER; HEALTH; SYSTEMS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE AB Given the lack of data on private wells, public health and water quality specialists must explore alternative datasets for understanding associated exposures and health risks. Characterizing agricultural nitrogen inputs would be valuable for identifying areas where well water safety may be compromised. This study incorporated existing methods for estimating nutrient loading at the county level with datasets derived from a state permitting program for confined animal feeding operations and agricultural enterprise budget worksheets to produce a high resolution agricultural nitrogen raster map. This map was combined with data on soil leachability and new well locations. An algorithm was developed to calculate nitrogen loading and leachability within 1,000 meters of each well. Wells with a nonzero nitrogen total linked to soils with high leachability were categorized and displayed on maps communicating well susceptibility across the state of Oregon. Results suggest that 4% of recently drilled wells may be susceptible to nitrate contamination, while areas identified for mitigation are too restrictive to include all susceptible wells. Predicted increases in population density and the steady addition of approximately 3,800 new wells annually may lead to a large number of residents, especially those in rural areas, experiencing long-term exposures to nitrate in drinking water. C1 [Harding, Anna] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mueller-Warrant, George] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Hoppe, B (reprint author), 2423 Hayes St NE, Minneapolis, MN 55418 USA. EM brendahoppe@gmail.com NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PY 2014 VL 12 IS 4 BP 702 EP 714 DI 10.2166/wh.2014.047 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA CA0FR UT WOS:000348592800010 PM 25473979 ER PT J AU Ostoja, SM Brooks, ML Moore, PE Berlow, EL Blank, R Roche, J Chase, J Haultain, S AF Ostoja, Steven M. Brooks, Matthew L. Moore, Peggy E. Berlow, Eric L. Blank, Robert Roche, Jim Chase, Jen Haultain, Sylvia TI Potential environmental effects of pack stock on meadow ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada, USA SO RANGELAND JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE cattle; Forest Service; horses; mules; National Park Service; pack animals; wilderness ID ENEMY RELEASE HYPOTHESIS; SMALL MAMMAL COMMUNITIES; YOSEMITE NATIONAL-PARKS; EXOTIC PLANT INVASIONS; BROWN-HEADED COWBIRD; SUB-ALPINE WETLANDS; KINGS CANYON; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; VEGETATION CHANGE; ARTHROPOD ASSEMBLAGES AB Pack and saddle stock, including, but not limited to domesticated horses, mules, and burros, are used to support commercial, private and administrative activities in the Sierra Nevada. The use of pack stock has become a contentious and litigious issue for land management agencies in the region inter alia due to concerns over effects on the environment. The potential environmental effects of pack stock on Sierra Nevada meadow ecosystems are reviewed and it is concluded that the use of pack stock has the potential to influence the following: (1) water nutrient dynamics, sedimentation, temperature, and microbial pathogen content; (2) soil chemistry, nutrient cycling, soil compaction and hydrology; (3) plant individuals, populations and community dynamics, non-native invasive species, and encroachment of woody species; and (4) wildlife individuals, populations and communities. It is considered from currently available information that management objectives of pack stock should include the following: minimise bare ground, maximise plant cover, maintain species composition of native plants, minimise trampling, especially on wet soils and stream banks, and minimise direct urination and defecation by pack stock into water. However, incomplete documentation of patterns of pack stock use and limited past research limits current understanding of the effects of pack stock, especially their effects on water, soils and wildlife. To improve management of pack stock in this region, research is needed on linking measurable monitoring variables (e.g. plant cover) with environmental relevancy (e.g. soil erosion processes, wildlife habitat use), and identifying specific environmental thresholds of degradation along gradients of pack stock use in Sierra Nevada meadows. C1 [Ostoja, Steven M.; Brooks, Matthew L.; Moore, Peggy E.; Berlow, Eric L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Oakhurst Off, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA. [Ostoja, Steven M.] USDA, Forest Serv, Sierra Natl Forest, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. [Blank, Robert] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Roche, Jim] USDI, Natl Pk Serv, El Portal, CA 95318 USA. [Chase, Jen] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Bishop Off, Bishop, CA 93514 USA. [Haultain, Sylvia] USDI, Natl Pk Serv, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. RP Ostoja, SM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Sierra Natl Forest, 40298 Junct Dr,Suite A, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. EM sostoja@fs.fed.us FU Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks; USA Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Centre, Yosemite Field Station [F8558080301]; USA Geological Survey, Terrestrial, Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems Program FX This review was supported with funding through an Interagency Agreement between Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks and the USA Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Centre, Yosemite Field Station (Interagency Agreement F8558080301). Additional support was provided by the USA Geological Survey, Terrestrial, Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems Program. Dan Abbe, Lisa Acree, Liz Ballenger, David Cole, Erik Frenzel, Mark Fincher, Laura Jones, Susan Jones, Marc Meyer, Koren Nydick, Hugh Safford, Aimee Smith, Heather Stone, Charisse Sydoriak, Anne Yost, Jan van Wagtendonk, Dave Weixelman and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of this article. NR 142 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 20 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1036-9872 EI 1834-7541 J9 RANGELAND J JI Rangeland J. PY 2014 VL 36 IS 5 BP 411 EP 427 DI 10.1071/RJ14050 PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA1WI UT WOS:000348699200001 ER PT S AU Urbanski, S Kovalev, V Petkov, A Scalise, A Wold, C Hao, WM AF Urbanski, S. Kovalev, V. Petkov, A. Scalise, A. Wold, C. Hao, W. M. BE Neale, CMU Maltese, A TI Validation of smoke plume rise models using ground-based lidar SO REMOTE SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE, ECOSYSTEMS, AND HYDROLOGY XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XVI was part of the International Symposium on Remote Sensing CY SEP 22-25, 2014 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Lidar measurement; smoke-plume maximum heights and dynamics; smoke-plume rise models AB Biomass fires can significantly degrade regional air quality through the emission of primary aerosols and the photochemical production of ozone and secondary aerosols. The injection height of smoke from biomass burning into the atmosphere ('plume rise height') is one of the critical factors in determining the impact of fire emissions on air quality. Plume rise models are used to simulate plume rise height and prescribe the vertical distribution of fire emissions for input to smoke dispersion and air quality models. While several plume rise models exist, their uncertainties, biases, and application limits when applied to biomass fires are not well characterized. The poor state of model evaluation is due in large part to a lack of appropriate observational datasets. We have initiated a research project to address this critical observation gap. In August of 2013 we performed a multi-agency field experiment designed to obtain the data necessary to improve the air quality models used by agricultural smoke managers in the northwestern United States. In the experiment, the ground-based mobile lidar, developed at the US Forest Service Missoula Fire Science Laboratory, was used to monitor plume rise heights for nine agricultural fires in the northwestern United States. The lidar measurements were compared with plume rise heights calculated with the Briggs equations, which are used in several smoke management tools. Here we present the preliminary evaluation results and provide recommendations regarding the application of the models to agricultural burning based on lidar measurements made in the vicinity of Walla Walla, Washington, on August 24, 2013. C1 [Urbanski, S.; Kovalev, V.; Petkov, A.; Scalise, A.; Wold, C.; Hao, W. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Urbanski, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Hwy 10 West, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-302-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9239 AR 92391S DI 10.1117/12.2066895 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Geology; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB9HF UT WOS:000348312800045 ER PT B AU Mendoza, A Wang, D Abad, JD Langendoen, EJ Tassi, P Abderrezzak, KE AF Mendoza, A. Wang, D. Abad, J. D. Langendoen, E. J. Tassi, P. Abderrezzak, K. El Kadi BE Schleiss, AJ DeCesare, G Franca, MJ Pfister, M TI Numerical modeling of dune progression in a high-amplitude meandering channel SO RIVER FLOW 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow) CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND SP Swiss Fed Off Environm, BG Consulting Engineers, Hydro Exploitat SA, E dric ch, IM & IUB Engn, Basler & Hofmann, AquaVis Engn, Met Flow SA, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul, Stucky, Groupe E, Patscheider Partner, HydroCosmos SA, Kissling Zbinden AG, Ribi SA, Poyry, Swiss Assoc Water Management, Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lab Hydraul Construct HO Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; UPSTREAM INFLUENCE; SECONDARY FLOW; RIVER MEANDERS; BEND THEORY; BED SLOPES; DOWNSTREAM AB Laboratory experiments carried out by Abad and Garcia (2009) in a high-amplitude Kinoshita meandering channel show bed morphodynamics to comprise steady (local scour and deposition) and unsteady (migrating bedforms) components. The experiments are replicated with a numerical model. The sediment transport formulation was calibrated using the sediment transport rates measured in the experiments. The unsteady bed condition is achieved by using a periodic sediment boundary condition, and the steady bed condition is achieved by using an averaged sediment transport rate. For both cases dune-like bedforms develop, however the periodic boundary condition produces more active dunes. Also, the periodic boundary condition produces zones of higher shear stress, which is similar to results obtained by Abad et al. (2013). C1 [Mendoza, A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Mendoza, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Wang, D.] Univ Nice, F-06108 Nice 2, France. [Abad, J. D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Langendoen, E. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Tassi, P.; Abderrezzak, K. El Kadi] St Venant Lab Hydraul, Chatou, France. RP Mendoza, A (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4987-0442-7; 978-1-138-02674-2 PY 2014 BP 1097 EP 1104 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB8SA UT WOS:000347400100137 ER PT B AU Wang, D Tassi, P Abderrezzak, KE Mendoza, A Abad, JD Langendoen, E AF Wang, D. Tassi, P. Abderrezzak, K. El Kadi Mendoza, A. Abad, J. D. Langendoen, E. BE Schleiss, AJ DeCesare, G Franca, MJ Pfister, M TI 2D and 3D numerical simulations of morphodynamics structures in large-amplitude meanders SO RIVER FLOW 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow) CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND SP Swiss Fed Off Environm, BG Consulting Engineers, Hydro Exploitat SA, E dric ch, IM & IUB Engn, Basler & Hofmann, AquaVis Engn, Met Flow SA, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul, Stucky, Groupe E, Patscheider Partner, HydroCosmos SA, Kissling Zbinden AG, Ribi SA, Poyry, Swiss Assoc Water Management, Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lab Hydraul Construct HO Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne ID BED TOPOGRAPHY; RIVER MEANDERS; FLOW PATTERNS AB In the pioneering study of the Ishikari River, Japan, Kinoshita (Kinoshita 1957, 1961) described two types of meandering channels: (1) channel with two bars per meander wavelength (one bar per bend), and (2) channel with three or more bars per meander wavelength (multiple bars per bend). Based on the study of Whiting & Dietrich (1993a, b), we assess the capabilities of the Telemac-Mascaret modelling system (2014) to reproduce Two-Dimensional (2D) and Three-Dimensional (3D) flow and morphodynamics structures in large-amplitude meandering channels. The large-amplitude meander setup of Whiting & Dietrich (1993a, b) was shown to be a difficult test for a depth-averaged 2-D model: even if appropriate parameterizations of relevant 3D effects are incorporated into the model, numerical simulations failed to capture some 3D patterns, such as the first well-defined pool observed in the experiments. However, 3D results obtained from the numerical solution of the RANS equations showed that most of the observed flow and morphodynamics patterns (e.g., series of shingled bars with pools along the concave bank, depositional bank fronts along the inner bank) are well captured by the model. In agreement with experimental observations, the bed topography in large amplitude symmetric planforms can be divided into different zones according to the different morphodynamics patterns: a zone with an almost zero bed load discharge and bed evolution, an "alternate bars" zone, a "shingle-bars zone" and a "multiple-pools" zone. C1 [Wang, D.; Tassi, P.; Abderrezzak, K. El Kadi] St Venant Lab Hydraul, Chatou, France. [Mendoza, A.; Abad, J. D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Langendoen, E.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4987-0442-7; 978-1-138-02674-2 PY 2014 BP 1105 EP 1111 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB8SA UT WOS:000347400100138 ER PT B AU Abad, J Frias, C Konsoer, K Best, J Rhoads, B Langendoen, E Garcia, MH AF Abad, J. Frias, C. Konsoer, K. Best, J. Rhoads, B. Langendoen, E. Garcia, M. H. BE Schleiss, AJ DeCesare, G Franca, MJ Pfister, M TI Modulation of the flow structure by progressive bed forms in the meandering Wabash River SO RIVER FLOW 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow) CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND SP Swiss Fed Off Environm, BG Consulting Engineers, Hydro Exploitat SA, E dric ch, IM & IUB Engn, Basler & Hofmann, AquaVis Engn, Met Flow SA, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul, Stucky, Groupe E, Patscheider Partner, HydroCosmos SA, Kissling Zbinden AG, Ribi SA, Poyry, Swiss Assoc Water Management, Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lab Hydraul Construct HO Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne ID TURBULENT-FLOW AB Recently, it was observed that migrating bed forms produce temporal and spatial peaks of shear stresses along the outer bank of an experimental meandering channel. These stresses are about 50% larger than the shear stresses exerted by the mean near-bank flow. Because of this increase in bank shear stress the migration rate of the bend may be significantly increased. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in the field, where bed forms could be more complex than those found in experimental cases. Herein, only fluvial erosion is considered, while geotechnical processes occurring at the outer bank are not accounted for. Detailed measurements of hydrodynamics (using acoustic current Doppler profiler), bed morphology (using multibeam echosounder and RTK GPS) and bank morphology (using laser scanner) were conducted at two bends on the Wabash River along the Illinois and Indiana Stateline. The bed morphology exhibited different scales of bed forms, ranging from dunes to ripples. Using Wavelet analysis it was possible to separate the ripples and dunes structures resulting in a bed without bed forms, which shows the typical erosion (outer bank)/deposition (inner bank) arrangement in meandering channels. Using a fully three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) numerical model, two scenarios are simulated: [1] bend with bed forms, and [2] bend without bed forms to test the above hypothesis. The results show that the three-dimensional flow field compares well to that observed for both scenarios. Further, peaks in shear stresses along the outer bank are indeed observed, which are correlated to the location of the bed forms with respect to the bend. Further conclusion and its importance for long-term morphodynamics of meandering channels are described. C1 [Abad, J.; Frias, C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Konsoer, K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Best, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL USA. [Best, J.; Rhoads, B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Best, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL USA. [Best, J.] Univ Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosyst Lab, Urbana, IL USA. [Langendoen, E.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Garcia, M. H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL USA. RP Abad, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4987-0442-7; 978-1-138-02674-2 PY 2014 BP 1113 EP 1117 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB8SA UT WOS:000347400100139 ER PT B AU Ozeren, Y Aleixo, R Altinakar, M Wren, D AF Ozeren, Y. Aleixo, R. Altinakar, M. Wren, Daniel BE Schleiss, AJ DeCesare, G Franca, MJ Pfister, M TI Laboratory experiments on dam-break flow of water-sediment mixtures SO RIVER FLOW 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow) CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND SP Swiss Fed Off Environm, BG Consulting Engineers, Hydro Exploitat SA, E dric ch, IM & IUB Engn, Basler & Hofmann, AquaVis Engn, Met Flow SA, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul, Stucky, Groupe E, Patscheider Partner, HydroCosmos SA, Kissling Zbinden AG, Ribi SA, Poyry, Swiss Assoc Water Management, Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lab Hydraul Construct HO Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne AB Dam failures often involve the release of sediment-laden water to the downstream. In particular, tailings dams, which are constructed to impound mining wastes, can cause devastating damage when they fail. This paper presents an experimental study of the release of a water and sediment mixture due to a dam failure. One objective of the study was to investigate the hydrodynamics of tailings dam failure and generate datasets that can be used to verify and validate numerical models. The experimental setup consists of a channelized reservoir and an open floodplain, which are separated by a sliding gate. Transient flow characteristics, such as water-sediment mixture discharge, wave front velocity, free surface evolution, and failure geometry were measured by means of high-speed cameras for various combinations of water and sediment depth. Key hydrodynamic and morphological features of the transient flow of the water-sediment mixture created by a dam-break are presented. C1 [Ozeren, Y.; Aleixo, R.; Altinakar, M.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wren, Daniel] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Ozeren, Y (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4987-0442-7; 978-1-138-02674-2 PY 2014 BP 1639 EP 1646 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB8SA UT WOS:000347400100204 ER PT S AU Jakes, JE Plaza, N Zelinka, SL Stone, DS Gleber, SC Vogt, S AF Jakes, Joseph E. Plaza, Nayomi Zelinka, Samuel L. Stone, Donald S. Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte Vogt, Stefan BE Lakhtakia, A MartinPalma, RJ TI Wood as inspiration for new stimuli-responsive structures and materials SO BIOINSPIRATION, BIOMIMETICS, AND BIOREPLICATION 2014 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Bioinspiration, Biomimetics, and Bioreplication CY MAR 10-12, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Opt Soc So Calif DE shape memory; torsional actuator; wood; stimuli-responsive diffusion ID X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; ACTUATION; SYSTEMS; MICROPROBE; POLYMERS; MUSCLES; TENSILE AB Nature has often provided inspiration for new smart structures and materials. Recently, we showed a bundle of a few wood cells are moisture-activated torsional actuators that can reversibly twist multiple revolutions per centimeter of length. The bundles produce specific torque higher than that produced by electric motors and possess shape memory twist capabilities. Here we also report that ion diffusion through wood cell walls is a stimuli-responsive phenomenon. Using the high spatial resolution and sensitivity of synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM), metal ions deposited into individual wood cell walls were mapped. Then, using a custom-built relative humidity (RH) chamber, diffusion of the metal ions was observed in situ first at low RH and then at increasingly higher RH. We found that ions did not diffuse through wood cell walls at low RH, but diffusion occurred at high RH. We propose that both the shape memory twist effect and the moisture content threshold for ionic diffusion are controlled by the hemicelluloses passing through a moisture-dependent glass transition in the 60-80% RH range at room temperature. An advantage of wood over other stimuli-responsive polymers is that wood lacks bulk mechanical softening at the transition that controls the stimuli-responsive behavior. We demonstrate using a custom-built torque sensor that the torque generation in wood cell bundles actually continues to increase over the RH range that hemicelluloses soften. The hierarchical structure of wood provides the inspiration to engineer stimuli-responsive polymers and actuators with increased mechanical strength and higher recovery stresses. C1 [Jakes, Joseph E.; Plaza, Nayomi] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Plaza, Nayomi; Stone, Donald S.] Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zelinka, Samuel L.; Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte; Vogt, Stefan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durabil & Wood Protect Res, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Stone, Donald S.] Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jakes, JE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jjakes@fs.fed.us RI Stone, Donald/A-7496-2016; OI Plaza Rodriguez, Nayomi/0000-0002-5198-4877 FU 2011 and 2010 USDA PECASE; FHA Cooperative Research Program for Covered Timber Bridges; US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [31109-Eng-38] FX JEJ and SLZ acknowledge funding from 2011 and 2010 USDA PECASE awards, respectively. NP acknowledges the GERS program at UW Madison and 2012 NSF GFRP for support. JEJ and NP acknowledge support from the FHA Cooperative Research Program for Covered Timber Bridges. The use of Advanced Photon Source facilities was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under contract number W-31109-Eng-38. Tom Kuster in the Analytical Chemistry and Microscopy Laboratory at FPL is acknowledged for SEM images used to assess the bundle cross-section diameter. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 17 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9981-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9055 AR UNSP 90550K DI 10.1117/12.2045163 PG 13 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics; Optics GA BB9AX UT WOS:000348029000016 ER PT J AU Li, XS Boyle, KJ Holmes, TP LaRouche, GP AF Li, Xiaoshu Boyle, Kevin J. Holmes, Thomas P. LaRouche, Genevieve Pullis TI The effect of on-site forest experience on stated preferences for low-impact timber harvesting programs SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Stated preferences; On-site experience; Low impact forest management; Bootstrap ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; INFORMATION; MODELS; QUALITY; VALUES; LOGIT AB An important issue in the design of stated-preference surveys is whether the information provided to respondents within a survey instrument is adequate to yield valid value estimates. Providing respondents with on-site experience about forest ecosystem management alternatives may influence their expectation of the effects from new policies and programs. In the research reported here, we investigate whether preference parameters for attributes of low-impact timber harvesting programs differ between respondents to a mail survey versus respondents provided with an on-site forest experience (walk through a research forest). The empirical analysis in our application shows that stated preferences for timber harvesting attributes are not statistically different between the mail and on-site applications of the survey, and this result is robust to pretest (before experience) and post-test (post experience) applications. (C) 2014 Department of Forest Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Xiaoshu; Boyle, Kevin J.] Virginia Tech, Agr & Appl Econ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Southern Res Stn Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [LaRouche, Genevieve Pullis] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Li, XS (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, 214 Thomas Poe Cooper Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM xiaoshu@vt.edu; kjboyle@vt.edu; tholmes@fs.fed.us; LaRouche@fws.gov OI Boyle, Kevin/0000-0001-6538-1471 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1104-6899 EI 1618-1530 J9 J FOREST ECON JI J. For. Econ. PY 2014 VL 20 IS 4 BP 348 EP 362 DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2014.09.005 PG 15 WC Economics; Forestry SC Business & Economics; Forestry GA AY6DD UT WOS:000347656800003 ER PT J AU Oppong, A Bedoya, CA Ewool, MB Asante, MD Thompson, RN Adu-Dapaah, H Lamptey, JNL Ofori, K Offei, SK Warburton, ML AF Oppong, Allen Bedoya, Claudia A. Ewool, Manfred B. Asante, Maxwell D. Thompson, Ruth N. Adu-Dapaah, Hans Lamptey, Joseph N. L. Ofori, Kwadwo Offei, Samuel K. Warburton, Marilyn L. TI Bulk genetic characterization of Ghanaian maize landraces using microsatellite markers SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE maize; bulked fingerprinting; SSR; landraces ID OPEN-POLLINATED VARIETIES; SSR MARKERS; INBRED LINES; DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; INDIVIDUALS; GERMPLASM; EUROPE AB Maize (Zea mays L) was first introduced into Ghana over five centuries ago and remains the most important cereal staple, grown in all agro-ecologies across the country. Yield from farmers' fields are low, which is attributed in part to farmer's preferences and/or reliance on local landraces for cultivation. Efforts are underway to improve some of these landraces for improved productivity. Seeds of maize landraces cultivated in all agro-ecologies were collected for genetic characterization using a bulked fingerprinting technique and 20 SSR markers. In all, 20 populations of 15 plants each from Ghana and 4 control populations from Latin America were characterized. The cluster analysis grouped the 20 landraces into two major groups corresponding to the vegetation/climatic conditions of the north and south of the country. Genotypes from Ashanti, which is centrally located, fell into both major clusters, which suggest its importance in maize seed distribution in Ghana and also the diverse climate/vegetation. A Structure analyses grouped the genotypes into two major clusters similar to the UPGMA cluster, and populations were not fully distinct according to F statistics. The results suggest that breeders should make performance data available to seed dealers for better productivity. C1 [Oppong, Allen; Ofori, Kwadwo; Offei, Samuel K.] Univ Ghana, Coll Agr & Consumer Sci, West Africa Ctr Crop Improvement WACCI, Legon, Ghana. [Bedoya, Claudia A.] Nternat Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Oppong, Allen; Ewool, Manfred B.; Asante, Maxwell D.; Thompson, Ruth N.; Adu-Dapaah, Hans; Lamptey, Joseph N. L.] CSIR, Crops Res Inst, Kumasi, Ashanti, Ghana. [Warburton, Marilyn L.] USDA ARS, CHPRRU, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Oppong, A (reprint author), Univ Ghana, Coll Agr & Consumer Sci, West Africa Ctr Crop Improvement WACCI, POB 30, Legon, Ghana. EM alnopp@yahoo.co.uk FU Generation Challenge Program (Capacity building a la Carte Program) [G. 4007.13.04]; Alliance for Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA); West Africa Center for Crop Improvement) (WACCI) FX The authors are very grateful to the Generation Challenge Program (Capacity building a la Carte Program, G. 4007.13.04) and Alliance for Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) and the West Africa Center for Crop Improvement) (WACCI) for providing the grant that enabled this research to be carried out. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 EI 2279-8013 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AY1NJ UT WOS:000347359400001 ER PT J AU Ferreira, CF Motta, ACV Barbosa, JZ dos Santos, NZ Prior, S Gabardo, J AF Ferreira, Carla F. Motta, Antonio C. V. Barbosa, Julierme Z. dos Santos, Nicolas Z. Prior, Stephen Gabardo, Juarez TI Maize (Zea mays L) cultivars nutrients concentration in leaves and stalks SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE biofuel; macronutrients; micronutrients; genetic selection; C/P ratio ID SOIL PRODUCTIVITY; RESIDUE REMOVAL; CORN; CROP; AVAILABILITY; EFFICIENCY; DROUGHT; COPPER; YIELD; FORM AB There is pressure for crop residue removal for use as biofuel, animal feed, animal bedding and many other functions which may increase nutrient export. However, there is little information about nutritional composition of maize stover considering the wide variability of cultivars used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of maize cultivar on macronutrient (P, K, Ca, and Mg), micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu) and Na concentration in leaves and stalks. We selected five pairs of cultivars, ranging from creole to high potential hybrid (creole, commercial variety, single, double and triple cross hybrid). The cultivars were cropped under field conditions in high fertile Rhodic Ferralsol Eutric during two growing seasons. The first was characterized by severe drought (2005/2006) while the second with an abundant water supply (2006/2007). The leaf and stalk concentrations of P, K. Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Na, Zn, Cu, and C/P ratio were quantified at maturation stage. The results indicated that the P concentration in leaves and stalks was inversely related to the technological level when simple hybrid was compared to creole cultivars. Similar behavior was observed for K in the leaf and stalk tissues. For Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Na, it was not possible to establish the influence of maize selection. The C/P ratio of leaves and stalks underwent influence of the technological level with high values for simple hybrids. Maize selection seems to decrease P and K concentration for two major residue fractions, leaves and stalks. C1 [Ferreira, Carla F.; Motta, Antonio C. V.; Barbosa, Julierme Z.] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Solos & Engn Agr, Setor Ciencias Agr, BR-80035050 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [dos Santos, Nicolas Z.] Monsanto Brasil Ltda, Santa Cruz Pal das Palme, SP, Brazil. [Prior, Stephen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Gabardo, Juarez] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Genet, Setor Ciencias Biol, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Motta, ACV (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Solos & Engn Agr, Setor Ciencias Agr, Rua Funcionarios, BR-80035050 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM mottaacv@ufpr.br NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 EI 2279-8013 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1-4 BP 66 EP 72 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AY1NJ UT WOS:000347359400008 ER PT S AU Steiner, JL Engle, DM Xiao, XM Saleh, A Tomlinson, P Rice, CW Cole, NA Coleman, SW Osei, E Basara, J Middendorf, G Gowda, P Todd, R Moffet, C Anandhi, A Starks, PJ Ocshner, T Reuter, R Devlin, D AF Steiner, Jean L. Engle, David M. Xiao, Xiangming Saleh, Ali Tomlinson, Peter Rice, Charles W. Cole, N. Andy Coleman, Samuel W. Osei, Edward Basara, Jeffrey Middendorf, Gerad Gowda, Prasanna Todd, Richard Moffet, Corey Anandhi, Aavudai Starks, Patrick J. Ocshner, Tyson Reuter, Ryan Devlin, Daniel GP Anonymous TI Knowledge and tools to enhance resilience of beef grazing systems for sustainable animal protein production SO FRONTIERS IN AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY: STUDYING THE PROTEIN SUPPLY CHAIN TO IMPROVE DIETARY QUALITY SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE climate change; greenhouse gases; grasslands; rangelands; enteric methane; soil carbon; meat and milk production ID UNITED-STATES; TRENDS AB Ruminant livestock provides meat and dairy products that sustain health and livelihood for much of the world's population. Grazing lands that support ruminant livestock provide numerous ecosystem services, including provision of food, water, and genetic resources; climate and water regulation; support of soil formation; nutrient cycling; and cultural services. In the U.S. southern Great Plains, beef production on pastures, rangelands, and hay is a major economic activity. The region's climate is characterized by extremes of heat and cold and extremes of drought and flooding. Grazing lands occupy a large portion of the region's land, significantly affecting carbon, nitrogen, and water budgets. To understand vulnerabilities and enhance resilience of beef production, a multi-institutional Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP), the "grazing CAP," was established. Integrative research and extension spanning biophysical, socioeconomic, and agricultural disciplines address management effects on productivity and environmental footprints of production systems. Knowledge and tools being developed will allow farmers and ranchers to evaluate risks and increase resilience to dynamic conditions. The knowledge and tools developed will also have relevance to grazing lands in semiarid and subhumid regions of the world. C1 [Steiner, Jean L.; Coleman, Samuel W.; Starks, Patrick J.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Steiner, Jean L.; Coleman, Samuel W.; Starks, Patrick J.] ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, USDA, Bushland, TX USA. [Engle, David M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Xiao, Xiangming] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Saleh, Ali; Osei, Edward; Anandhi, Aavudai] Tarleton State Univ, Texas Inst Appl Environm Res, Stephenville, TX USA. [Tomlinson, Peter; Rice, Charles W.; Devlin, Daniel] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Moffet, Corey; Reuter, Ryan] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Agr Res, Ardmore, OK USA. [Basara, Jeffrey] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Cole, N. Andy; Gowda, Prasanna; Todd, Richard] ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, Bushland, TX USA. [Middendorf, Gerad] Kansas State Univ, Dept Sociol Anthropol & Social Work, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Ocshner, Tyson] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Steiner, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 West Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM jean.steiner@ars.usda.gov RI Basara, Jeffrey/A-4907-2008; OI Basara, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2096-6844; Moffet, Corey/0000-0002-7071-7539 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 35 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2014 VL 1328 BP 10 EP 17 DI 10.1111/nyas.12572 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB8LF UT WOS:000346791000001 PM 25376887 ER PT J AU You, J Tarboton, DG Luce, CH AF You, J. Tarboton, D. G. Luce, C. H. TI Modeling the snow surface temperature with a one-layer energy balance snowmelt model SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MELTWATER; COVER; FLOW; PREDICTION; MOISTURE AB Snow surface temperature is a key control on and result of dynamically coupled energy exchanges at the snow surface. The snow surface temperature is the result of the balance between external forcing (incoming radiation) and energy exchanges above the surface that depend on surface temperature (outgoing longwave radiation and turbulent fluxes) and the transport of energy into the snow by conduction and meltwater influx. Because of the strong insulating properties of snow, thermal gradients in snow packs are large and nonlinear, a fact that has led many to advocate multiple layer snowmelt models over single layer models. In an effort to keep snowmelt modeling simple and parsimonious, the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) snowmelt model used only one layer but allowed the snow surface temperature to be different from the snow average temperature by using an equilibrium gradient parameterization based on the surface energy balance. Although this procedure was considered an improvement over the ordinary single layer snowmelt models, it still resulted in discrepancies between modeled and measured snowpack energy contents. In this paper we evaluate the equilibrium gradient approach, the force-restore approach, and a modified force-restore approach when they are integrated as part of a complete energy and mass balance snowmelt model. The force-restore and modified force-restore approaches have not been incorporated into the UEB in early versions, even though Luce and Tartoton have done work in calculating the energy components using these approaches. In addition, we evaluate a scheme for representing the penetration of a refreezing front in cold periods following melt. We introduce a method to adjust effective conductivity to account for the presence of ground near to a shallow snow surface. These parameterizations were tested against data from the Central Sierra Snow Laboratory, CA, Utah State University experimental farm, UT, and subnivean snow laboratory at Niwot Ridge, CO. These tests compare modeled and measured snow surface temperature, snow energy content, snow water equivalent, and snowmelt outflow. We found that with these refinements the model is able to better represent the snowpack energy balance and internal energy content while still retaining a parsimonious one layer format. C1 [You, J.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tarboton, D. G.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Luce, C. H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP You, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jyou2@unl.edu RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008; OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662; Tarboton, David/0000-0002-1998-3479 FU NASA [NAG 5-7597] FX This work was supported by NASA Land Surface Hydrology Program, grant number NAG 5-7597. The views and conclusions expressed are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US government. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2014 VL 18 IS 12 BP 5061 EP 5076 DI 10.5194/hess-18-5061-2014 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA AY0UY UT WOS:000347313600009 ER PT J AU Yeo, IY Lee, S Sadeghi, AM Beeson, PC Hively, WD McCarty, GW Lang, MW AF Yeo, I. -Y. Lee, S. Sadeghi, A. M. Beeson, P. C. Hively, W. D. McCarty, G. W. Lang, M. W. TI Assessing winter cover crop nutrient uptake efficiency using a water quality simulation model SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; SWAT MODELS; NITROGEN; EUTROPHICATION; CALIBRATION; SEDIMENT; AGRICULTURE; RESTORATION; UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT AB Winter cover crops are an effective conservation management practice with potential to improve water quality. Throughout the Chesapeake Bay watershed (CBW), which is located in the mid-Atlantic US, winter cover crop use has been emphasized, and federal and state cost-share programs are available to farmers to subsidize the cost of cover crop establishment. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term effect of planting winter cover crops to improve water quality at the watershed scale (similar to 50 km(2)) and to identify critical source areas of high nitrate export. A physically based watershed simulation model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was calibrated and validated using water quality monitoring data to simulate hydrological processes and agricultural nutrient cycling over the period of 1990-2000. To accurately simulate winter cover crop biomass in relation to growing conditions, a new approach was developed to further calibrate plant growth parameters that control the leaf area development curve using multitemporal satellite-based measurements of species-specific winter cover crop performance. Multiple SWAT scenarios were developed to obtain baseline information on nitrate loading without winter cover crops and to investigate how nitrate loading could change under different winter cover crop planting scenarios, including different species, planting dates, and implementation areas. The simulation results indicate that winter cover crops have a negligible impact on the water budget but significantly reduce nitrate leaching to groundwater and delivery to the waterways. Without winter cover crops, annual nitrate loading from agricultural lands was approximately 14 kg ha(-1), but decreased to 4.6-10.1 kg ha(-1) with cover crops resulting in a reduction rate of 27-67% at the watershed scale. Rye was the most effective species, with a potential to reduce nitrate leaching by up to 93% with early planting at the field scale. Early planting of cover crops (similar to 30 days of additional growing days) was crucial, as it lowered nitrate export by an additional similar to 2 kg ha(-1) when compared to late planting scenarios. The effectiveness of cover cropping increased with increasing extent of cover crop implementation. Agricultural fields with well-drained soils and those that were more frequently used to grow corn had a higher potential for nitrate leaching and export to the waterways. This study supports the effective implementation of cover crop programs, in part by helping to target critical pollution source areas for cover crop implementation. C1 [Yeo, I. -Y.; Lee, S.; Lang, M. W.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sadeghi, A. M.; Beeson, P. C.; McCarty, G. W.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hively, W. D.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Yeo, I. -Y.] Univ Newcastle, Sch Engn, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Yeo, IY (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM iyeo@umd.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Land Cover and Land Use Change (LCLUC) Program; University of Maryland Behavioral & Social Sciences (BSOS) Dean's Research Initiative; US Geological Survey (USGS) Climate and Land Use Change Program (CLU); US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) FX This research was funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Land Cover and Land Use Change (LCLUC) Program, 2011 University of Maryland Behavioral & Social Sciences (BSOS) Dean's Research Initiative, US Geological Survey (USGS) Climate and Land Use Change Program (CLU), and US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). The suggestion and comments made by the reviewers and the managing editor of the journal greatly improved our manuscript and they were much appreciated. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 17 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2014 VL 18 IS 12 BP 5239 EP 5253 DI 10.5194/hess-18-5239-2014 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA AY0UY UT WOS:000347313600019 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, Forrest H. TI Update on the possible nutritional importance of silicon SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Meeting of the International-Society-for-Trace-Element-Research-in-Humans (ISTERH) CT 10th International Society for Trace Element Research in Humans (ISTERH) CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CL Tokyo, JAPAN CL Tokyo, JAPAN SP Int Soc Trace Element Res Humans DE Silicon; Trace elements; Bone; Connective tissue; Collagen ID STABILIZED ORTHOSILICIC ACID; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; DIETARY SILICON; DRINKING-WATER; OVARIECTOMIZED RATS; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; BIOACTIVE GLASSES; IN-VITRO; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Convincing evidence that silicon is a bioactive beneficial trace element continues to accumulate. The evidence, which has come from human, animal, and in vitro studies performed by several laboratories, indicate that silicon in nutritional and supra nutritional amounts promotes bone and connective tissue health, may have a modulating effect on the immune or inflammatory response, and has been associated with mental health. A plausible mechanism of action for the beneficial effects of silicon is the binding of hydroxyl groups of polyols such that it influences the formation and/or utilization of glycosaminoglycans, mucopolysaccharides, and collagen in connective tissue and bone. In addition, silicon may affect the absorption, retention or action of other mineral elements (e.g., aluminum, copper, magnesium). Based on findings from both animal and human experiments, an intake of silicon of near 25 mg/d would be a reasonable suggestion for an adequate intake that would assure its nutritional benefits. Increased intakes of silicon through consuming unrefined grains, certain vegetables, and beverages and cereals made from grains should be recognized as a reasonable dietary recommendation. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2014 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 379 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.06.024 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AX8AW UT WOS:000347133800005 PM 25081495 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, Forrest H. TI Update on human health effects of boron SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Meeting of the International-Society-for-Trace-Element-Research-in-Humans (ISTERH) CT 10th International Society for Trace Element Research in Humans (ISTERH) CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CL Tokyo, JAPAN CL Tokyo, JAPAN SP Int Soc Trace Element Res Humans DE Boron; Bone; Central nervous system; Hormones; Fructoborate ID PROSTATE-CANCER CELLS; DIETARY BORON; BORIC-ACID; S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; OVARIECTOMIZED RATS; MINERAL METABOLISM; IMMUNE FUNCTION; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; DEFICIENT DIET; VITAMIN-D AB In vitro, animal, and human experiments have shown that boron is a bioactive element in nutritional amounts that beneficially affects bone growth and central nervous system function, alleviates arthritic symptoms, facilitates hormone action and is associated with a reduced risk for some types of cancer. The diverse effects of boron suggest that it influences the formation and/or activity of substances that are involved in numerous biochemical processes. Several findings suggest that this influence is through the formation of boroesters in biomolecules containing cis-hydroxyl groups. These biomolecules include those that contain ribose (e.g., S-adenosylmethionine, diadenosine phosphates, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). In addition, boron may form boroester complexes with phosphoinositides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids that affect cell membrane integrity and function. Both animal and human data indicate that an intake of less than 1.0 mg/day inhibits the health benefits of boron. Dietary surveys indicate such an intake is not rare. Thus, increasing boron intake by consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts and pulses should be recognized as a reasonable dietary recommendation to enhance health and well-being. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 7 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2014 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 383 EP 387 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.06.023 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AX8AW UT WOS:000347133800006 PM 25063690 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, Forrest H. TI Should bioactive trace elements not recognized as essential, but with beneficial health effects, have intake recommendations SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Meeting of the International-Society-for-Trace-Element-Research-in-Humans (ISTERH) CT 10th International Society for Trace Element Research in Humans (ISTERH) CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CL Tokyo, JAPAN CL Tokyo, JAPAN SP Int Soc Trace Element Res Humans DE Boron; Chromium; Nickel; Silicon; Dietary recommendations ID CHROMIUM; SILICON AB Today, most nutritionists do not consider a trace element essential unless it has a defined biochemical function in higher animals or humans. As a result, even though it has been found that trace elements such as boron and silicon have beneficial bioactivity in higher animals and humans, they generally receive limited attention or mention when dietary guidelines or intake recommendations are formulated. Recently, the possibility of providing dietary intake recommendations such as an adequate intake (AI) for some bioactive food components (e.g., flavonoids) has been discussed. Boron, chromium, nickel, and silicon are bioactive food components that provide beneficial health effects by plausible mechanisms of action in nutritional and supra nutritional amounts, and thus should be included in the discussions. Although the science base may not be considered adequate for establishing AIs, a significant number of findings suggest that statements about these trace elements should be included when dietary intake guidance is formulated. An appropriate recommendation may be that diets should include foods that would provide trace elements not currently recognized as essential in amounts shown to reduce the risk of chronic disease and/or promote health and well-being. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2014 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 406 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.06.019 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AX8AW UT WOS:000347133800010 PM 25049059 ER PT J AU Yokoi, K Uthus, EO Penland, JG Nielsen, FH AF Yokoi, Katsuhiko Uthus, Eric O. Penland, James G. Nielsen, Forrest H. TI Effect of dietary nickel deprivation on vision, olfaction, and taste in rats SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Meeting of the International-Society-for-Trace-Element-Research-in-Humans (ISTERH) CT 10th International Society for Trace Element Research in Humans (ISTERH) CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CY NOV 18-22, 2013 CL Tokyo, JAPAN CL Tokyo, JAPAN SP Int Soc Trace Element Res Humans DE Nickel; Taste; Olfaction; Vision; Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels ID NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNELS; ACTIVATED CHANNELS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; ION CHANNELS; DEFICIENCY; SPERM; TRANSDUCTION; SPECTROMETRY; PHEROMONES; EXPRESSION AB Early studies on dietary nickel deprivation found decreased reproduction rate in pigs and decreased insemination and conception rates in goats. Studies from our laboratory demonstrated that nickel deprivation impaired male reproductive function of rats. A physiological amount of nickel modulates the function of cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels (CNG channels) in vitro. Thus, because CNG channels have important roles in spermatozoa function, it was speculated that the impairment of reproduction by nickel deprivation was through an effect on CNG channels. Because CNG channels are found in retinal photoreceptor, olfactory receptor, and taste receptor cells, we hypothesized that nickel deprivation would also alter light/dark preference, odor preference to female rat urine, and taste preference/aversion in rats. In the light/dark Y-maze, nickel deprivation significantly decreased time spent in the dark arm by rats. The number of sniffs to estrous female urine was significantly increased only in nickel-supplemented rats. The number of licks at the saccharin bottle was significantly decreased by dietary nickel deprivation. These findings suggest that nickel has a biological role in the special senses: vision, olfaction and taste. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Yokoi, Katsuhiko] Seitoku Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Human Nutr, Chiba, Japan. [Uthus, Eric O.; Penland, James G.; Nielsen, Forrest H.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. RP Yokoi, K (reprint author), Seitoku Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Human Nutr, Chiba, Japan. EM KatsuhikoY@aol.com FU Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association, Inc. (NiPERA), Durham, NC, USA FX This work was supported by a grant from the Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association, Inc. (NiPERA), Durham, NC, USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2014 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 436 EP 440 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.07.014 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AX8AW UT WOS:000347133800017 PM 25175345 ER PT J AU Weltz, MA Jolley, L Hernandez, M Spaeth, KE Rossi, C Talbot, C Nearing, M Stone, J Goodrich, D Pierson, F Wei, H Morris, C AF Weltz, M. A. Jolley, L. Hernandez, M. Spaeth, K. E. Rossi, C. Talbot, C. Nearing, M. Stone, J. Goodrich, D. Pierson, F. Wei, H. Morris, C. TI ESTIMATING CONSERVATION NEEDS FOR RANGELANDS USING USDA NATIONAL RESOURCES INVENTORY ASSESSMENTS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Conservation Effects Assessment Project; National resources inventory; Non-federal rangelands; Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model; Soil and water conservation; Soil erosion; Soil loss tolerance ID SOIL-EROSION THRESHOLDS; VEGETATION PATTERNS; WATER EROSION; SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; SAGEBRUSH RANGELAND; SEMIARID LANDSCAPES; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; WESTERN RANGELANDS; BANDED VEGETATION AB This study presents (1) the overall concept of assessing non-federal western rangeland soil loss rates at a national scale for determining areas of vulnerability for accelerated soil loss using USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) National Resources Inventory (NRI) data and the Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model (RHEM) and (2) the evaluation of a risk-based vulnerability approach as an alternative to the conventional average annual soil loss tolerance (T) for assessment of rangeland sustainability. RHEM was used to estimate runoff and soil loss at the hillslope scale for over 10,000 NRCS NRI sample points in 17 western states on non-federal rangelands. The national average annual soil loss rate on non-federal rangeland is estimated to be 1.4 ton ha(-1) year(-1). Nationally, 20% of non-federal rangelands generate more than 50% of the average annual soil loss. Over 29.2 x 10(6) ha (18%) of the non-federal rangelands might benefit from treatment to reduce 1559-1570soil loss to below 2.2 ton ha(-1) year(-1). National average annual soil loss rates combine areas with low and accelerated soil loss. Evaluating data in this manner can misrepresent the magnitude of the soil loss problem on rangelands. Between 23% and 29% of U.S. non-federal rangelands are vulnerable to accelerated soil loss (>= 2.2 ton ha(-1) event(-1)) if assessed as a function of vulnerability to a runoff event with a return period of >= 25 years. The NRCS has not evaluated potential soil loss risk in national reports in the past, and adaptation of this technique will allow the USDA and its partners to be proactive in preventing accelerated soil loss on rangelands. C1 [Weltz, M. A.] USDA ARS, Reno, NV USA. [Jolley, L.] USDA NRCS, Napa, CA USA. [Hernandez, M.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Spaeth, K. E.] USDA NRCS, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Rossi, C.] Bur Land Management, Natl Operat Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Talbot, C.] USDA NRCS, Lincoln, NE USA. [Nearing, M.; Stone, J.; Goodrich, D.; Wei, H.] USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. [Pierson, F.] USDA ARS, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Morris, C.] Oregon State Univ, La Grande, OR USA. RP Weltz, MA (reprint author), 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM mark.weltz@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Rangeland Research Program; NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) FX We thank Laura Weltz for assisting in geospatial analysis and developing the spatial distribution of soil loss figures, Robert Dayton and Veronica Lessard for helping to process the NRCS National Resources Inventory dataset, and the large number of NRCS employees who collected and processed the NRCS National Resources Inventory field data. Support for this research was provided by the USDA Rangeland Research Program and the NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). NR 91 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1559 EP 1570 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400003 ER PT J AU O'Shaughnessy, SA Evett, SR Colaizzi, PD Tolk, JA Howell, TA AF O'Shaughnessy, S. A. Evett, S. R. Colaizzi, P. D. Tolk, J. A. Howell, T. A. TI EARLY AND LATE MATURING GRAIN SORGHUM UNDER VARIABLE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN THE TEXAS HIGH PLAINS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Center pivot; Deficit irrigation; Drought; Grain sorghum; Low-energy precision application; Water use efficiency ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; DEFICIT IRRIGATION; SPRAY IRRIGATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; WATER-STRESS; GERMINATION; THRESHOLD; DROUGHT; SYSTEMS; HYBRIDS AB In the Texas High Plains, variable climatic conditions prevail between and within growing seasons. As this area continues to experience drought conditions and water resources for irrigation become more limited, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production may become a more popular choice to sustain profitable crop water productivity with limited water. Regional sorghum production functions are helpful in strategizing adaptation methods for coping with climatic variability, but new varieties often exhibit new production functions. This article compares sorghum responses of grain yield, evapotranspiration (ET), water use efficiency (WUE), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of a late maturing (LM) and early maturing (EM) hybrid during three recent growing years exhibiting climatic variability (2009-2011). The hybrids were irrigated at levels of 80%, 55%, 30%, and 0% replenishment of soil water depletion to field capacity (FC). Mean maximum daily air temperatures and mean daily reference evapotranspiration (grass) for the 2009 (28.2 degrees C, 6.5 mm d(-1)) and 2010 (28.6 degrees C, 6.4 mm d(-1)) growing seasons were similar; in 2011, these parameters were considerable greater (32.6 degrees C and 8.8 mm d(-1), respectively). For both hybrids, dry grain yields were greatest in 2009 in the I-80% treatment at 9.80 and 8.04 Mg ha(-1) for the LM and EM hybrids, respectively. For irrigation treatment amounts of 80% replenishment of soil water to FC, grain yields in the LM hybrid were always greater compared with the EM hybrid. However, WUE in the EM hybrid in 2009 and 2011 was 27% and 29% greater, respectively, than in the LM hybrid. Grain yield responses in both hybrids were most sensitive to the exceptional drought year of 2011 where irrigation applied at less than 80% replenishment of soil water to FC greatly reduced grain yields. Irrigation applied at less than 55% replenishment produced minimal to no grain yields. C1 [O'Shaughnessy, S. A.; Evett, S. R.; Colaizzi, P. D.; Tolk, J. A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP O'Shaughnessy, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10,2300 Expt Stn Rd, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM susan.oshaughnessy@ars.usda.gov FU Ogallala Aquifer Program; consortium of the USDA-ARS; Kansas State University; Texas A&M AgriLife Research; Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University; United Sorghum Checkoff Program [R0021-09, R0012-10] FX The authors appreciate the dedicated work performed by Brice Ruthardt, Scientist, and Luke Britten, Research Agricultural Technician, USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, Texas. Funding for this project was provided in part by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium of the USDA-ARS, Kansas State University, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University, and by the United Sorghum Checkoff Program (R0021-09 and R0012-10). NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1583 EP 1594 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400005 ER PT J AU Endale, DM Bosch, DD Potter, TL Strickland, TC AF Endale, D. M. Bosch, D. D. Potter, T. L. Strickland, T. C. TI SEDIMENT LOSS AND RUNOFF FROM CROPLAND IN A SOUTHEAST ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN LANDSCAPE SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biofuel; Climate change; Cotton; Crop residue; Crop rotation; Peanut; Soil erosion; Water quality ID CONSERVATION TILLAGE; SOIL-EROSION; UNITED-STATES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; SURFACE RUNOFF; WATER; IMPACT; COTTON; VARIABILITY; ULTISOLS AB Widespread implementation of conservation tillage systems during cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) production in the Atlantic Coastal Plain region of the U.S. has substantially reduced erosion and sediment loss. However, the benefits of conservation tillage in these cropping systems are being threatened by weather shifts that include increased frequency of high-intensity rainfall, policies that encourage the removal of crop residues as cellulosic feedstocks for energy production, and increased herbicide resistance in weeds. Long-term integrated studies are needed to quantify potential impacts. We evaluated runoff and sediment loss from six 0.2 ha fields located on a gently sloping hillslope in a Southern Atlantic Coastal Plain landscape over ten years (2000-2009) during rotational cotton-peanut production, with a rye (Secale cereale) winter cover crop. Half of the fields were in conventional tillage (CT; inversion tillage with cover crop residue incorporation prior to planting), and half were in strip tillage (ST), which is a commonly used conservation tillage practice in the region. Fields were laid out as contrasting tillage pairs at upper, middle, and lower landscape positions and irrigated as needed. Runoff and sediment load from CT fields was significantly greater than from ST fields at each landscape position. Over the 10-year study period, mean annual total sediment load was 1823 kg ha(-1) year(-1) from CT fields and 237 kg ha(-1) year(-1) from ST fields (an 87% difference), and runoff was reduced by 41%. A soil tolerance value (T) of 2,200 kg ha(-1) year(-1) was exceeded in three out of ten years in CT fields and never exceeded in ST fields. On a monthly basis, extreme events (>90th percentile; 10%) accounted for 61% to 72% of the 10-year total sediment load for the CT system (341 to 2,828 kg ha(-1) month(-1)) and 73% to 84% for the ST system (49 to 593 kg ha(-1) month(-1)). The rainfall and irrigation total was above the normal monthly rainfall in 83% of these extreme monthly periods (mean 179 mm, range 81 to 316 mm). Sediment load was greatest in summer and spring, and during cotton production. The study results improve estimates of the increase in rainfall event size tolerated by CT vs. ST cropping systems, demonstrate the benefits of conservation tillage management during cotton and peanut production, and are expected to guide management decisions that focus on reducing sediment loss in this landscape. Specifically, the results point to the use of cover crops and strip tillage as essential best management practices for this purpose. C1 [Endale, D. M.; Bosch, D. D.; Potter, T. L.; Strickland, T. C.] USDA ARS, SWRL, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Endale, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, SWRL, 2316 Rainwater Rd,POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Dinku.Endale@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; University of Georgia; U.S.-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund FX We appreciate the competent technical support from Sally Belflower, Ricky Fletcher, Ernest Harris, Lorine Lewis, Laura Marshall, Coby Smith, Margie Whittle, and many undergraduate students. We also appreciate the statistical analysis advice from Dr. Zaid Abdo, Area Statistician, USDA-ARS South Atlantic Area. The anonymous reviewers were instrumental in improving the content and readability of the manuscript; we are very grateful. Support from the USDA, the University of Georgia, and the U.S.-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund is also appreciated. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1611 EP 1626 PG 16 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400007 ER PT J AU Thorp, KR Barnes, EM Hunsaker, DJ Kimball, BA White, JW Nazareth, VJ Hoogenboom, G AF Thorp, K. R. Barnes, E. M. Hunsaker, D. J. Kimball, B. A. White, J. W. Nazareth, V. J. Hoogenboom, G. TI EVALUATION OF CSM-CROPGRO-COTTON FOR SIMULATING EFFECTS OF MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON COTTON GROWTH AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Canopy height; Cotton; Crop; Density; Evapotranspiration; FACE; Fertilizer; Free-air carbon dioxide enrichment; Irrigation; Leaf area index; Model; Nitrogen; Population; Simulation; Water; Yield ID CERES-MAIZE MODEL; IRRIGATION STRATEGIES; ROW CROP; YIELD; WATER; EVAPORATION; ENRICHMENT; NITROGEN; IMPACT; PARAMETERS AB Originally developed for simulating soybean growth and development, the CROPGRO model was recently reparameterized for cotton. However, further efforts are necessary to evaluate the model's performance against field measurements for new environments and management options. The objective of this study was to evaluate CSM-CROPGRO-Cotton using data from five cotton experiments conducted at the Maricopa Agricultural Center in Maricopa, Arizona. The field experiments tested ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) versus free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) over two growing seasons (1990 and 1991), two irrigation levels and two nitrogen fertilization levels for one growing season (1999), and three planting densities and two nitrogen fertilization levels with optimum irrigation for two growing seasons (2002 and 2003). The model was calibrated by adjusting cultivar and soil parameters for the most optimal or standard treatment of each field trial, and the model's responses to suboptimal irrigation, suboptimal nitrogen fertilization, nonstandard planting density, and CO2 enrichment were evaluated. Modifications to the model's evapotranspiration (ET) routines were required for more realistic ET simulations in the arid conditions of central Arizona because default approaches underestimated seasonal ET up to 157 mm (15% of mean values). Data quality and availability among the field trials were highly variable, but the combination of data sets from multiple field investigations permitted a more thorough model evaluation. Simulations of leaf area index, canopy weight, canopy height, and canopy width responded appropriately compared to measurements from experimental treatments, although some experiments did not impose enough treatment variability to elicit substantial model responses. Simulation results for densely planted cotton were particularly deficient as compared to other experimental treatments. The model simulated seed cotton yield with root mean squared errors ranging from 105 to 1107 kg ha(-1) (3% to 28% of mean values), and total seasonal ET was simulated with root mean squared errors ranging from 12 to 42 mm (1% to 5% of mean values). Seed cotton yield and ET variability due to the imposed experimental treatments were simulated appropriately (p < 0.05), independent of the year-to-year variability due to seasonal factors. Modification of the ET routines permitted maximum simulated crop coefficients ranging from 1.31 to 1.35, which were more realistic than that required for default ET methods in the model. Overall, the evaluation demonstrated appropriate model responses to water deficit, nitrogen deficit, planting density, and CO2 enrichment. Potential opportunities for further model improvement include the estimation of crop responses to high planting densities, the simulation of cotton maturity and defoliation events, and the calculation of canopy temperature as part of a complete energy balance algorithm. C1 [Thorp, K. R.; Hunsaker, D. J.; Kimball, B. A.; White, J. W.] USDA ARS, ALARC, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Barnes, E. M.] Cotton Inc, Agr & Environm Res, Cary, NC USA. [Nazareth, V. J.] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Hoogenboom, G.] Washington State Univ, AgWeatherNet, Prosser, WA USA. RP Thorp, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, ALARC, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM kelly.thorp@ars.usda.gov RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X FU Cotton Incorporated FX The authors acknowledge Cotton Incorporated for partially funding the modeling efforts reported here. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1627 EP 1642 PG 16 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400008 ER PT J AU Pi, HW Feng, G Sharratt, BS AF Pi, H. W. Feng, G. Sharratt, B. S. TI PERFORMANCE OF THE SWEEP MODEL AFFECTED BY ESTIMATES OF THRESHOLD FRICTION VELOCITY SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Columbia Plateau; WEPS; Wind erosion; Wind erosion model; Wind Erosion Prediction System ID EROSION PREDICTION SYSTEM; WIND-EROSION; COLUMBIA PLATEAU; AERODYNAMIC ROUGHNESS; AGRICULTURAL FIELDS; WINDBLOWN DUST; SOIL; AIR; TILLAGE; PM10 AB The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) is a process-based model and needs to be verified under a broad range of climates, soils, and land management practices. Occasional poor performance of the WEPS erosion submodel (Single-event Wind Erosion Evaluation Program, or SWEEP) in simulating small amounts of erosion of loessial soils, which contribute to poor air quality in the Columbia Plateau region of the U.S. Pacific Northwest, has been partly attributed to overestimation of threshold friction velocity (u(*t)). Few studies have been conducted to improve the poor performance of the SWEEP in this region. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test the performance of the SWEEP in simulating the occurrence of erosion when the simulated u(*t) (SWEEP u(*t)) was replaced with measured values of u(*t) or with estimates of u(*t) derived from algorithms used in the Lu and Shao model, Shao model, Texas Tech Erosion Analysis Model ( TEAM), and Wind Erosion on European Light Soils (WEELS) model. The occurrence of erosion from agricultural lands was better estimated by the SWEEP when SWEEP u(*t) was replaced with the u(*t) algorithm used in the Lu and Shao model. However, soil loss was better estimated by the SWEEP when using SWEEP u(*t) rather than the measured u(*t) or other u(*t) algorithms. Since prediction of both the occurrence and magnitude of wind erosion is important to overall model performance, there is a need to further improve the SWEEP in the Columbia Plateau and other regions where small amounts of erosion can impact soil resources and environmental quality. C1 [Pi, H. W.] Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, Urumqi, Peoples R China. [Feng, G.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Sharratt, B. S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sharratt, BS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 215 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM Brenton.sharratt@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171019]; One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41171019), One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1675 EP 1685 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400011 ER PT J AU Venkitasamy, C Teh, HE Atungulu, GG McHugh, TH Pan, Z AF Venkitasamy, C. Teh, H. E. Atungulu, G. G. McHugh, T. H. Pan, Z. TI OPTIMIZATION OF MECHANICAL EXTRACTION CONDITIONS FOR PRODUCING GRAPE SEED OIL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Expeller; Extraction; Grape pomace; Grape seed oil ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; EXPRESSION; YIELD; MOISTURE; OILSEEDS; LIQUID AB In the U.S., over 150 thousand metric tons of dried grape seeds containing 13% to 19% oil are produced every year as a byproduct of processing about 5.8 million metric tons of grapes. The health-promoting properties of grape seed oil are due to the presence of many bioactive components, such as unsaturated fatty acids, and antioxidants. The chemical ( hexane) extraction method is detrimental to these vital bioactive components and accelerates the oil oxidation process. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the grape seed moisture content ( MC), particle size, and the mechanical expeller's screw speed and die diameter on grape seed oil yield and optimize the operating conditions of the expeller for maximum oil yield. Results showed that preheating the screw press with a ring heater to 60 degrees C almost eliminated the initial time lag to extract oil. Reducing the particle size by grinding the seeds did not significantly influence the oil yield and hindered the extraction by clogging the feeding chute. Increasing the screw speed from 36 to 120 rpm increased the filtered oil production rate from 0.20 to 0.57 kg h(-1) with a 10 mm die diameter and 5.3% MC seeds without significantly affecting the oil extraction percentage. Increasing the die diameter from 6 to 10 mm increased the oil production rate from 0.15 to 0.43 kg h(-1) at 95 rpm for 5.3% MC seeds and decreased the filtered oil extraction percentage from 9.2% to 7.3%. Seed MC in the range of 3.1% to 8.7% did not affect the oil yield; however, above 8.7% MC, oil yield was significantly reduced. Extracting whole grape seeds with 5.3% MC at 120 rpm using a 10 mm die diameter was found to be the optimum condition, which produced a grape seed oil yield of 7.6% at an oil extraction rate of 0.57 kg h(-1) and seed residence time of 8.6 s. C1 [Venkitasamy, C.; Atungulu, G. G.; McHugh, T. H.; Pan, Z.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Teh, H. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Atungulu, G. G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA. [McHugh, T. H.; Pan, Z.] USDA ARS, Hlth Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Pan, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM zlpan@ucdavis.edu FU California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) FX The authors wish to acknowledge the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) for funding this study and Sonomaceuticals, Inc. (Santa Rosa, Cal.) for supplying seeds for this research. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1699 EP 1705 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400013 ER PT J AU Qin, J Chao, K Cho, BK Peng, Y Kim, MS AF Qin, J. Chao, K. Cho, B. -K. Peng, Y. Kim, M. S. TI HIGH-THROUGHPUT RAMAN CHEMICAL IMAGING FOR RAPID EVALUATION OF FOOD SAFETY AND QUALITY SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Azodicarbonamide; Chemical imaging; Flour; Food safety; Line laser; Raman spectroscopy ID SPECTROSCOPY; ILLUMINATION; TOMATOES; SYSTEM AB High-throughput macro-scale Raman chemical imaging was realized on a newly developed line-scan hyperspectral system. The system utilizes a custom-designed 785 nm line laser with maximum power of 5 W as an excitation source. A 24 cm x 1 mm excitation line is normally projected on the sample surface using a 45 degrees dichroic beamsplitter. A detection module consisting of a dispersive imaging spectrograph and a CCD camera is used to acquire Raman signals along the laser line. A motorized positioning table moves the samples transversely through the laser line, and hyperspectral data are obtained using a pushbroom method. System software was developed using LabVIEW to fulfill various functions such as parameter setting, data transfer, and image processing. The system covers a Raman shift range of -691.5 to 2841.2 cm(-1) with a spectral resolution of 14 cm(-1). The system can collect spatial information requiring either large instantaneous field of view (e.g., 23 cm) or high spatial resolution (e.g., 0.07 mm). The system performance was demonstrated by an example application for authenticating flour. The system acquired a 320 x 250 x 1024 hypercube (80,000 spectra) from three powder samples placed in three Petri dishes (two with a diameter of 47 mm and the other 90 mm) in 9 min. Azodicarbonamide particles mixed in unbleached flour can be detected based on the chemical image generated using a simple image classification method. The method and system for high-throughput macro-scale Raman chemical imaging is promising to inspect other food and agricultural products for safety and quality evaluation. C1 [Qin, J.; Chao, K.; Kim, M. S.] USDA ARS, EMFSL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cho, B. -K.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon, South Korea. [Peng, Y.] China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. RP Chao, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, EMFSL, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1783 EP 1792 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400021 ER PT J AU Spiehs, MJ Cortus, EL Holt, GA Kohl, KD Doran, BE Ayadi, FY Cortus, SD Al Mamun, MR Pohl, S Nicolai, R Stowell, R Parker, DB AF Spiehs, M. J. Cortus, E. L. Holt, G. A. Kohl, K. D. Doran, B. E. Ayadi, F. Y. Cortus, S. D. Al Mamun, M. R. Pohl, S. Nicolai, R. Stowell, R. Parker, D. B. TI PARTICULATE MATTER CONCENTRATIONS FOR MONO-SLOPE BEEF CATTLE FACILITIES IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Beef cattle; Dust; Mono-slope facility; Particulate matter; Total suspended particulates ID FEEDLOTS; QUALITY; AIR AB Mono-slope beef cattle facilities are an increasingly common housing system in the Northern Great Plains region of the U.S. Producers may maintain a deep-bedded manure pack (pack system), remove all bedding and manure from the pens weekly (scrape system), or use a combination of management styles. The objectives of this research were to determine baseline particulate matter (PM) concentrations around the immediate barn perimeter and to identify relationships between management practices and PM concentrations. PM was measured over two five-day periods at one pack system barn to determine differences in PM concentration between routine operation and a bedding event. The overall mean concentration of total suspended particulates (TSP) in the pack barn was 58.6 +/-3.9 mu g m(-3) during routine operation and 702.2 +/- 3.9 mu g m(-3) during bedding events. The mean concentrations of PM less than 10 mu m in diameter (PM10) and PM less than 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM2.5) were 4.9 +/-3.0 mu g m(-3) and 17.5 +/- 12.1 mu g m(-3), respectively, during routine operation and 29.7 +/-4.6 mu g m(-3) and 141.7 +/- 18.9 mu g m(-3), respectively, during a bedding event. The PM concentrations returned to baseline within 18 h following a bedding event. In two scrape system barns, 24 h collections of PM10 and PM2.5 occurred at least twice during each quarter during a 14-month period. Daily mean concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in the scrape barns ranged from 10 to 14 mu g m(-3) and from 25 to 28 mu g m(-3), respectively, indicating relatively low PM concentrations from mono-slope beef facilities. Ambient air temperature affected PM concentration, while relative humidity, number of cattle, and wind speed were less influential on overall dust in the facilities. C1 [Spiehs, M. J.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Cortus, E. L.; Ayadi, F. Y.; Cortus, S. D.; Al Mamun, M. R.; Pohl, S.; Nicolai, R.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Holt, G. A.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Kohl, K. D.] Iowa State Univ Extens & Outreach, Storm Lake, IA USA. [Doran, B. E.] Iowa State Univ Extens & Outreach, Extens Beef Program, Orange City, IA USA. [Stowell, R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE USA. [Parker, D. B.] West Texas A&M Univ, Canyon, TX USA. [Parker, D. B.] West Texas A&M Univ, WT Core Res Lab, Canyon, TX USA. RP Spiehs, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mindy.spiehs@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2010-85112-20510] FX This project was partially funded by the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (Competitive Grant No. 2010-85112-20510). The authors would like to thank the following people involved with this research project: our mono-slope barn beef producers and grant advisory committee; Steve Hoff, Iowa State University; Al Kruger, John Holman, and Todd Boman, USDA-ARS U.S. Meat Animal Research Center; Corey Lanoue, South Dakota State University; and James (Bud) Welch, USDA-ARS, Lubbock, Texas. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1831 EP 1837 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400026 ER PT J AU Rao, X Yang, CC Ying, Y Kim, MS Chan, DE Chao, K AF Rao, X. Yang, C. -C. Ying, Y. Kim, M. S. Chan, D. E. Chao, K. TI DIFFERENTIATION OF DECIDUOUS-CALYX AND PERSISTENT-CALYX PEARS USING NIR HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING ANALYSIS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Classification; Fruit quality; Hyperspectral image; Korla fragrant pear ID QUALITY; SYSTEM; SAFETY AB Korla Fragrant pears are small oval pears characterized by light green skin, crisp texture, and a pleasant aroma after which they are named. The flesh of deciduous-calyx pears is considered more desirable in taste and texture attributes than that of persistent-calyx pears; Chinese packaging standards require that each packed case of highly demanded "superior" class pears contain 5% or less of the persistent-calyx fruits. Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging was investigated as a potential method for automatic sorting of the two types of pears. The hyperspectral images were analyzed, and wavebands at 1190 nm and 1199 nm were selected for differentiating deciduous-calyx fruits from persistent-calyx fruits. A multispectral differentiation algorithm using the ratio of the pears' relative intensities at 1190 nm and 1199 nm was developed. The results showed that the algorithm correctly classified 89.3% to 94.0% of deciduous-calyx pears and effectively differentiated pears such that the number of persistent-calyx pears misclassified as deciduous-calyx pears comprised only 2.4% to 4.9% of all pears classified as deciduous-calyx pears, performing well within the targeted packaging standards. C1 [Rao, X.; Ying, Y.] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Biosyst & Food Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Yang, C. -C.; Kim, M. S.; Chan, D. E.; Chao, K.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chao, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 303 BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov FU National Key Technology R&D Program, Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2011BAD20B12] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by The National Key Technology R&D Program (2011BAD20B12) by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1875 EP 1883 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AX8MB UT WOS:000347162400031 ER PT J AU Bates, JD O'Connor, R Davies, KW AF Bates, Jonathan D. O'Connor, Rory Davies, Kirk W. TI VEGETATION RECOVERY AND FUEL REDUCTION AFTER SEASONAL BURNING OF WESTERN JUNIPER SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cheatgrass; fuel reduction; Great Basin; Juniperus; prescribed fire; sagebrush ID BIG SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; NORTHERN ARIZONA; PRESCRIBED FIRE; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; UNDERSTORY; INVASION; RESTORATION; OCCIDENTALIS AB The decrease in fire activity has been recognized as a main cause of expansion of North American woodlands. Pinon-juniper habitat in the western United States has expanded in area nearly 10-fold since the late 1800s. Woodland control measures using chainsaws, heavy equipment, and prescribed fire are used to restore sage-brush steppe plant communities. We compared vegetation recovery following cutting and prescribed fire on three sites in late Phase 2 (mid succession) and Phase 3 (late succession) western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook.) woodlands in southeast Oregon. Treatments were partial cutting followed by fall broadcast burning (SEP); clear-cut and leave (CUT); and clear-cut and burn in early winter (JAN), late winter (MAR), and spring (APR); and untreated controls. Cover and density of herbaceous, shrub, and tree layers were measured. Five years after treatment, perennial bunchgrasses dominated two sites and co-dominated, with invasive annual grasses, at one site. Except for Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda J. Presl), cover and density of bunchgrasses, perennial and annual forbs, and annual grasses increased following treatments at all three sites and were greater than in controls. At each site, shrub, herbaceous, and ground cover response variables equalized or had begun to converge among treatments during the fourth or fifth year following application. SEP and APR treatments were mostly effective at reducing fuel sizes up to and including 1000-hr fuels while JAN and MAR treatments only consumed 1-hr and 10-hr fuels. Winter burning treatments (JAN, MAR) and the CUT treatments did not kill small junipers and seedlings and require additional tree control for sites to fully recover to functional sagebrush-herbaceous plant communities. The results demonstrate that juniper treatments are needed to recover sagebrush steppe plant communities. C1 [Bates, Jonathan D.; O'Connor, Rory; Davies, Kirk W.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Bates, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM jon.bates@oregonstate.edu FU Agricultural Research Service; USDA-Agricultural Research Service; Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station in Burns, Oregon; Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station FX Many thanks to F. Otley (Otley Brothers Ranch, Diamond, Oregon) for providing land for conducting a significant portion of the study. The fire crew was C. Poulsen, R. Sharp, and J. Bates. We recognize the many summer range technicians who assisted in the field and laboratory over the course of the study: C. Archuleta, J. Davies, J. Ellis, K. Haile, A. Herdrich, J. Jackson, J. Louder, K. Mumm, R. O'Connor, E. O'Connor, J. Jackson, J. Price, K. Price, J. Pyrse, K. Ralston, D. Randall, E. Rhodes, B. Smith, J. Svejcar, M. Zabala, T. Zaugg, and D. Zvirdin. Many thanks to range technicians R. Sharp, C. Poulson, and G. Pokorney, who assisted in the initial stages of the study. We thank Dr. M. Madsen and Dr. D. Ganskopp, and anonymous reviewers for their comments on previous drafts of this manuscript. The research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service and Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station in Burns, Oregon. The Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center is jointly funded by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service and Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 19 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 27 EP 48 DI 10.4996/fireecology.1003027 PG 22 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AX1FG UT WOS:000346692800004 ER PT J AU Morgan, P Moy, M Droske, CA Lentile, LB Lewis, SA Robichaud, PR Hudak, AT AF Morgan, Penelope Moy, Marshell Droske, Christine A. Lentile, Leigh B. Lewis, Sarah A. Robichaud, Peter R. Hudak, Andrew T. TI VEGETATION RESPONSE AFTER POST-FIRE MULCHING AND NATIVE GRASS SEEDING SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE burned area emergency response; hydromulch; invasive species; post-fire rehabilitation; seeding; species diversity; wheat straw mulch; wood strand mulch ID HILLSLOPE EROSION; FOREST; FIRE AB Post-fire mulch and seeding treatments, often applied on steep, severely burned slopes immediately after large wildfires, are meant to reduce the potential of erosion and establishment of invasive plants, especially non-native plants, that could threaten values at risk. However, the effects of these treatments on native vegetation response post fire are little studied, especially beyond one to two years. We compared species richness, diversity, and percent canopy cover of understory plants one, two, three, four, and six years after immediate post-fire application of wood strand mulch, agricultural wheat straw mulch, hydromulch + seed with locally adapted native grasses, seed only with locally adapted native grasses with no mulch, and untreated (no mulch or grass seeding) after the 2005 School Fire in Washington, USA. For wood strand mulch treatments, mean canopy cover of grasses and forbs was low, varying from 3 % to 20 % in post-fire years two through six; whereas wheat straw mulch had the lowest mean cover of grasses, <1 %, and the highest canopy cover of both forbs and shrubs, each >29 % in post-fire years two through six. Plots hydromulched and seeded with grass, and those seeded with grass but not mulched, tended to have higher grass cover than other treatments and untreated plots over the six years. Species richness and diversity was highest for the hydromulch + seed treatment. Ten non-native species were found, but never with more than 2 % canopy cover, each. Although the inference of our small-plot work is limited, our results suggest that post-fire rehabilitation treatments apparently altered the abundance and diversity of native perennial understory plants for one to six years post fire-effects that could persist for decades. C1 [Morgan, Penelope; Moy, Marshell; Droske, Christine A.; Lentile, Leigh B.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Lewis, Sarah A.; Robichaud, Peter R.; Hudak, Andrew T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Morgan, P (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr MS 1133, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM pmorgan@uidaho.edu FU US Department of Agriculture; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Umatilla National Forest [08-JV-11221634-236]; US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Interior Joint Fire Science Program [06-1-2-03]; University of Idaho FX This research was supported in part by funds provided by the US Department of Agriculture, Rocky Mountain Research Station, and the Umatilla National Forest through an agreement (08-JV-11221634-236), and by the US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Interior Joint Fire Science Program (Project 06-1-2-03), and the University of Idaho. We thank M. Fujishin, D. Groat, B. Lydie, C. Clifton, and others on the Umatilla National Forest, especially the Pomeroy District, for their support during this study. We thank those who assisted with field sampling: C. Bernau, E. Berryman, S. Bunting, D. Carson, G. Qualmann, R. Lieberman, and T. Moran. B. Brown provided logistical support. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 15 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 49 EP 62 DI 10.4996/fireecology.1003049 PG 14 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AX1FG UT WOS:000346692800005 ER PT J AU Zhang, GH Tang, KM Sun, ZL Zhang, XC AF Zhang, Guang-hui Tang, Ke-ming Sun, Zhen-ling Zhang, X. C. TI Temporal variability in rill erodibility for two types of grasslands SO SOIL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE concentrated flow; grassland; rill erodibility; soil erosion resistance; temporal variation ID CONCENTRATED FLOW EROSION; DIFFERENT LAND USES; LOESS PLATEAU; SOIL DETACHMENT; WATER EROSION; VEGETATION RESTORATION; OVERLAND-FLOW; ROOT BIOMASS; PLANT-ROOTS; RESISTANCE AB The temporal variability in rill erodibility (K-r) and its influencing factors are not fully quantified in grasslands. This study was conducted to detect temporal variation and quantify the potential factors causing changes in rill erodibility by using natural, undisturbed soil samples collected from two grasslands and one bare soil near Beijing, China. Sampling was at similar to 20-day intervals from April to October 2011. Soil detachment capacity by concentrated flow was measured in a hydraulic flume with the fixed bed under six different flow shear stresses to determine rill erodibility. Root mass density was measured to analyse potential effects on temporal variability in rill erodibility. Mean rill erodibility of bare soil was 13.2 and 19.6 times greater than under switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis). The temporal variability in rill erodibility under grasslands differed significantly from that of bare soil. Distinctive temporal variation patterns were found throughout the growing season. Rill erodibility declined as root density increased, and the rill erodibility of grassland could be well estimated from the measured erodibility of bare soil and root density (R-2 >= 0.92). The results of this study aid understanding of soil erosion mechanisms and development of process-based erosion models to simulate the seasonal variation in soil detachment by concentrated flow for grassland. C1 [Zhang, Guang-hui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Guang-hui; Tang, Ke-ming; Sun, Zhen-ling] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Tang, Ke-ming] Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Informat & Engn Technol, Yaan 625014, Sichuang, Peoples R China. [Zhang, X. C.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Zhang, GH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM ghzhang@bnu.edu.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41271287] FX Financial assistance for this work was provided by the Hundred Talents Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China (41271287). NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1838-675X EI 1838-6768 J9 SOIL RES JI Soil Res. PY 2014 VL 52 IS 8 BP 781 EP 788 DI 10.1071/SR14076 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AX0TD UT WOS:000346664200005 ER PT J AU Wright, HE Heinselman, ML AF Wright, Herbert E., Jr. Heinselman, Miron L. TI THE ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF FIRE IN NATURAL CONIFER FORESTS OF WESTERN AND NORTHERN NORTH AMERICA-INTRODUCTION SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Reprint C1 [Wright, Herbert E., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Limnol Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Heinselman, Miron L.] US Forest Serv, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, St Paul, MN 55101 USA. RP Wright, HE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Limnol Res Ctr, 500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4 EP 13 PG 10 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AX1FG UT WOS:000346692800002 ER PT J AU Russell, MB Woodall, CW D'Amato, AW Fraver, S Bradford, JB AF Russell, M. B. Woodall, C. W. D'Amato, A. W. Fraver, S. Bradford, J. B. TI Technical Note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CARBON; RATES; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; IMPACTS; BIOMASS; MODEL AB Forest ecosystems play a critical role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Forest carbon (C) is stored through photosynthesis and released via decomposition and combustion. Relative to C fixation in biomass, much less is known about C depletion through decomposition of woody debris, particularly under a changing climate. It is assumed that the increased temperatures and longer growing seasons associated with projected climate change will increase the decomposition rates (i.e., more rapid C cycling) of downed woody debris (DWD); however, the magnitude of this increase has not been previously addressed. Using DWD measurements collected from a national forest inventory of the eastern United States, we show that the residence time of DWD may decrease (i.e., more rapid decomposition) by as much as 13% over the next 200 years, depending on various future climate change scenarios and forest types. Although existing dynamic global vegetation models account for the decomposition process, they typically do not include the effect of a changing climate on DWD decomposition rates. We expect that an increased understanding of decomposition rates, as presented in this current work, will be needed to adequately quantify the fate of woody detritus in future forests. Furthermore, we hope these results will lead to improved models that incorporate climate change scenarios for depicting future dead wood dynamics in addition to a traditional emphasis on live-tree demographics. C1 [Russell, M. B.; D'Amato, A. W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Woodall, C. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Fraver, S.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME USA. [Bradford, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Russell, MB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM russellm@umn.edu FU US Forest Service; Northern Research Station; University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources; US Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center FX This work was supported by a joint venture agreement established between the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, and the University of Minnesota, Department of Forest Resources. Additional funding was available from the US Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center. We thank Ben Bond-Lamberty, Sabina Burrascano, Christopher Schwalm, John Stanovick, and an anonymous reviewer for comments that helped to improve this work. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 14 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2014 VL 11 IS 22 BP 6417 EP 6425 DI 10.5194/bg-11-6417-2014 PG 9 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AW6CJ UT WOS:000346356800018 ER PT J AU Clark, KL Skowronski, NS Gallagher, MR Renninger, H Schafer, KVR AF Clark, K. L. Skowronski, N. S. Gallagher, M. R. Renninger, H. Schaefer, K. V. R. TI Contrasting effects of invasive insects and fire on ecosystem water use efficiency SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NEW-JERSEY PINELANDS; CARBON DYNAMICS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS; ENERGY-EXCHANGE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; PINE-BARRENS; FOREST; CLIMATE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; CHRONOSEQUENCE AB We used eddy covariance and meteorological measurements to estimate net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE), gross ecosystem production (GEP), evapotranspiration (Et), and ecosystem water use efficiency (WUEe; calculated as GEP/Et during dry canopy conditions) in three upland forests in the New Jersey Pinelands, USA, that were defoliated by gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) or burned using prescribed fire. Before disturbance, half-hourly daytime NEE during full sunlight conditions, daily GEP, and daily WUEe during the summer months were greater at the oak-dominated stand compared to the mixed or pine-dominated stands. Both defoliation by gypsy moth and prescribed burning reduced stand leaf area and nitrogen mass in foliage. During complete defoliation in 2007 at the oak stand, NEE during full sunlight conditions and daily GEP during the summer averaged only 14 and 35% of pre-disturbance values. Midday NEE and daily GEP then averaged 58 and 85 %, and 71 and 78% of pre-defoliation values 1 and 2 years following complete defoliation, respectively. Prescribed fires conducted in the dormant season at the mixed and pine-dominated stands reduced NEE during full sunlight conditions and daily GEP during the following summer to 57 and 68 %, and 79 and 82% of pre-disturbance values, respectively. Daily GEP during the summer was a strong function of N mass in foliage at the oak and mixed stands, but a weaker function of N in foliage at the pine-dominated stand. Ecosystem WUEe during the summer at the oak and mixed stands during defoliation by gypsy moth averaged 1.6 and 1.1 g C kgH(2)O(-1), representing 60 and 46% of pre-disturbance values. In contrast, prescribed fires at the mixed and pine-dominated stands had little effect on WUEe. Two years following complete defoliation by gypsy moth, WUEe during the summer averaged 2.1 gC kgH(2)O(-1), 80% of pre-disturbance values. WUEe was correlated with canopy N content only at the oak-dominated stand. Overall, our results indicate that WUEe during and following non-stand replacing disturbance is dependent on both the type and time since disturbance. C1 [Clark, K. L.; Gallagher, M. R.] US Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest, USDA, New Lisbon, NJ 08064 USA. [Skowronski, N. S.] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Renninger, H.; Schaefer, K. V. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Clark, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest, USDA, 501 Four Mile Rd, New Lisbon, NJ 08064 USA. EM kennethclark@fs.fed.us NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 22 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2014 VL 11 IS 23 BP 6509 EP 6523 DI 10.5194/bg-11-6509-2014 PG 15 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AW6CM UT WOS:000346357100001 ER PT S AU Ruggiero, E Sherwood, J Drane, P Duffy, M Kretschmarm, D AF Ruggiero, Eric Sherwood, James Drane, Patrick Duffy, Michael Kretschmarm, David BE James, D Choppin, S Allen, T Wheat, J Fleming, P TI Finite element modeling of wood bat profiles for durability SO ENGINEERING OF SPORT 10 SE Procedia Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Conference of the International-Sports-Engineering-Association CY JUL 14-17, 2014 CL Sheffield Hallam Univ, Sheffield, ENGLAND SP Int Sports Engn Assoc HO Sheffield Hallam Univ DE Baseball; bat; durability; bat profile; modeling AB The bats used in Major League Baseball (MLB) are required to be turned from a single piece of wood. Northern white ash had been the wood of choice until the introduction of hard maple in the late 1990s. Since the introduction of maple to the game, there was a perceived increase in the rate of bats to exhibit multiple piece failures (MPF)-both ash and maple. These failures introduced a new aspect to the game that can be a significant factor during play, i.e. pieces of bats going into the field of play, thereby distracting fielders while reacting to the batted ball. Observations of bat breakage in the field and lab testing of bats in controlled conditions have shown the bat durability is a function of wood quality and bat profile. Wood quality is described by the density and the slope of grain of the wood used in the bat. The density and the slope of grain determine the effective strength of the wood. The bat profile is described by the variation in the diameter of the bat along its length. The wood densities and bat profiles which are preferred by players, are typically in direct contradiction with what makes for a durable bat. In this paper, the finite element method is used to develop calibrated models of the breaking of wood bats in controlled lab conditions. The modeling approach is then used to explore how bat profile influences bat durability and what potential changes can be made in bat profile to satisfy player desires while increasing bat durability. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the Centre for Sports Engineering Research, Sheffield Hallam University C1 [Ruggiero, Eric; Sherwood, James; Drane, Patrick; Duffy, Michael] Univ Massachusetts, Baseball Res Ctr, One Univ Ave, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Kretschmarm, David] US Forest Serv, US Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Sherwood, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Baseball Res Ctr, One Univ Ave, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM james_sherwood@uml.edu NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7058 J9 PROCEDIA ENGINEER PY 2014 VL 72 BP 527 EP 532 DI 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.06.091 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA BB8CP UT WOS:000346367700089 ER PT J AU Bergman, R Puettmann, M Taylor, A Skog, KE AF Bergman, Richard Puettmann, Maureen Taylor, Adam Skog, Kenneth E. TI The Carbon Impacts of Wood Products SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; CO2 EMISSIONS; FOREST MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; STORAGE; INVENTORY; RESIDUES; ENERGY; STEEL AB Wood products have many environmental advantages over nonwood alternatives. Documenting and publicizing these merits helps the future competitiveness of wood when climate change impacts are being considered. The manufacture of wood products requires less fossil fuel than nonwood alternative building materials such as concrete, metals, or plastics. By nature, wood is composed of carbon that is captured from the atmosphere during tree growth. These two effects-substitution and sequestration-are why the carbon impact of wood products is favorable. This article shows greenhouse gas emission savings for a range of wood products by comparing (1) net wood product carbon emissions from forest cradle-to-mill output gate minus carbon storage over product use life with (2) cradle-to-gate carbon emissions for substitute nonwood products. The study assumes sustainable forest management practices will be used for the duration of the time for the forest to regrow completely from when the wood was removed for product production during harvesting. The article describes how the carbon impact factors were developed for wood products such as framing lumber, flooring, moulding, and utility poles. Estimates of carbon emissions saved per unit of wood product used are based on the following: (1) gross carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from wood product production, (2) CO2 from biofuels combusted and used for energy during manufacturing, (3) carbon stored in the final product, and (4) fossil CO2 emissions from the production of nonwood alternatives. The results show notable carbon emissions savings when wood products are used in constructing buildings in place of nonwood alternatives. C1 [Bergman, Richard; Skog, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Puettmann, Maureen] WoodLife Environm Consultants LLC, Corvallis, OR USA. [Taylor, Adam] Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Bergman, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM rbergman@fs.fed.us; maureen.puettmann@woodlifeconsulting.com; AdamTaylor@utk.edu; kskog@fs.fed.us FU Wood Education and Resource Center, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, US Forest Service [10-DG-11420004-087] FX The work upon which this publication is based was funded in whole or in part through grant no. 10-DG-11420004-087 awarded by the Wood Education and Resource Center, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, US Forest Service. NR 68 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 21 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 7-8 BP 220 EP 231 PG 12 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AW2UH UT WOS:000346144200001 ER PT J AU Schatz, MC Maron, LG Stein, JC Wences, AH Gurtowski, J Biggers, E Lee, H Kramer, M Antoniou, E Ghiban, E Wright, MH Chia, JM Ware, D McCouch, SR McCombie, WR AF Schatz, Michael C. Maron, Lyza G. Stein, Joshua C. Hernandez Wences, Alejandro Gurtowski, James Biggers, Eric Lee, Hayan Kramer, Melissa Antoniou, Eric Ghiban, Elena Wright, Mark H. Chia, Jer-ming Ware, Doreen McCouch, Susan R. McCombie, W. Richard TI Whole genome de novo assemblies of three divergent strains of rice, Oryza sativa, document novel gene space of aus and indica SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CULTIVATED RICE; PHOSPHORUS-DEFICIENCY; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ANNOTATION PIPELINE; WIDE-COMPATIBILITY; VARIATION REVEALS; JAPONICA HYBRIDS; SEQUENCE; DIVERSITY AB Background: The use of high throughput genome-sequencing technologies has uncovered a large extent of structural variation in eukaryotic genomes that makes important contributions to genomic diversity and phenotypic variation. When the genomes of different strains of a given organism are compared, whole genome resequencing data are typically aligned to an established reference sequence. However, when the reference differs in significant structural ways from the individuals under study, the analysis is often incomplete or inaccurate. Results: Here, we use rice as a model to demonstrate how improvements in sequencing and assembly technology allow rapid and inexpensive de novo assembly of next generation sequence data into high-quality assemblies that can be directly compared using whole genome alignment to provide an unbiased assessment. Using this approach, we are able to accurately assess the 'pan-genome' of three divergent rice varieties and document several megabases of each genome absent in the other two. Conclusions: Many of the genome-specific loci are annotated to contain genes, reflecting the potential for new biological properties that would be missed by standard reference-mapping approaches. We further provide a detailed analysis of several loci associated with agriculturally important traits, including the S5 hybrid sterility locus, the Sub1 submergence tolerance locus, the LRK gene cluster associated with improved yield, and the Pup1 cluster associated with phosphorus deficiency, illustrating the utility of our approach for biological discovery. All of the data and software are openly available to support further breeding and functional studies of rice and other species. C1 [Schatz, Michael C.; Stein, Joshua C.; Hernandez Wences, Alejandro; Gurtowski, James; Biggers, Eric; Lee, Hayan; Kramer, Melissa; Antoniou, Eric; Ghiban, Elena; Chia, Jer-ming; Ware, Doreen; McCombie, W. Richard] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Maron, Lyza G.; Wright, Mark H.; McCouch, Susan R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hernandez Wences, Alejandro] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Genom, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. [Biggers, Eric] Macalester Coll, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Lee, Hayan] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ware, Doreen] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, NAA Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP McCouch, SR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM srm4@cornell.edu; mccombie@cshl.edu RI Maron, Lyza/B-5644-2008 OI Maron, Lyza/0000-0001-6475-2357 FU National Science Foundation [PGRP-1026555, DBI-126383, DBI-1350041, IOS-1032105, DBI-0933128]; National Institutes of Health [R01-HG006677] FX This project was supported in part by National Science Foundation awards PGRP-1026555 to SMc, DBI-126383 to DW and MCS, DBI-1350041 to MCS, IOS-1032105 to WRM and DW, and DBI-0933128 to WRM. It was also supported in part by National Institutes of Health award R01-HG006677 to MCS. We would like to thank Adam Phillippy and Sergey Koren for their helpful discussions with the GAGE assembly validation software and pangenome alignments; Aaron Quinlan for his helpful discussions with BEDTools; and David Jaffe, Iain MacCallum, Ted Sharpe, Filipe Joao Ribeiro, and all the ALLPATHS-LG developers and support staff for the assistance debugging and troubleshooting the assemblies. NR 83 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 6 U2 26 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 EI 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2014 VL 15 IS 11 AR 506 DI 10.1186/s13059-014-0506-z PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AW9XA UT WOS:000346607300008 PM 25468217 ER PT J AU Morgan, P Keane, RE Dillon, GK Jain, TB Hudak, AT Karau, EC Sikkink, PG Holden, ZA Strand, EK AF Morgan, Penelope Keane, Robert E. Dillon, Gregory K. Jain, Theresa B. Hudak, Andrew T. Karau, Eva C. Sikkink, Pamela G. Holden, Zachary A. Strand, Eva K. TI Challenges of assessing fire and burn severity using field measures, remote sensing and modelling SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire ecology; fire effects; mapping; remote sensing; retrospective assessment; wildfire environment ID LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER; MEDITERRANEAN PINE FORESTS; 2007 PELOPONNESE WILDFIRES; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; SOIL-WATER REPELLENCY; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; INTERIOR ALASKA; BOREAL FOREST; MIXED-CONIFER; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT AB Comprehensive assessment of ecological change after fires have burned forests and rangelands is important if we are to understand, predict and measure fire effects. We highlight the challenges in effective assessment of fire and burn severity in the field and using both remote sensing and simulation models. Wedraw on diverse recent research for guidance on assessing fire effects on vegetation and soil using field methods, remote sensing and models. We suggest that instead of collapsing many diverse, complex and interacting fire effects into a single severity index, the effects of fire should be directly measured and then integrated into severity index keys specifically designed for objective severity assessment. Using soil burn severity measures as examples, we highlight best practices for selecting imagery, designing an index, determining timing and deciding what to measure, emphasising continuous variables measureable in the field and from remote sensing. We also urge the development of a severity field assessment database and research to further our understanding of causal mechanisms linking fire and burn severity to conditions before and during fires to support improved models linking fire behaviour and severity and for forecasting effects of future fires. C1 [Morgan, Penelope; Strand, Eva K.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Keane, Robert E.; Dillon, Gregory K.; Karau, Eva C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Jain, Theresa B.; Hudak, Andrew T.; Sikkink, Pamela G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Holden, Zachary A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Morgan, P (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr MS 1133, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM pmorgan@uidaho.edu FU USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; University of Idaho [09-JV-11221637-270]; National Fire Plan; Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP-09-1-07-4]; Joint Fire Sciences Program FX We based this paper, in part, on the lessons we learned during several Joint Fire Sciences Program and National Fire Plan-funded projects that dealt with fire and assessing burn severity and creating severity classification systems. This research was supported in part by the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, the University of Idaho (09-JV-11221637-270), the National Fire Plan and the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP-09-1-07-4). We appreciate constructive reviews from Pete Robichaud and anonymous reviewers. NR 163 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 32 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 8 BP 1045 EP 1060 DI 10.1071/WF13058 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AW5TM UT WOS:000346336700001 ER PT J AU Lugo, AE Medina, E McGinley, K AF Lugo, Ariel E. Medina, Ernesto McGinley, Kathleen TI Issues and challenges of Mangrove conservation in the Anthropocene SO MADERA Y BOSQUES LA English DT Article DE carbon fluxes; climate change; community participation; ecophysiology; mangrove cover and cover change; novel ecosystems; oligo and eutrophy; protected areas; salinity stress ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; VS. PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; DWARF RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE; ANNUAL GROWTH RINGS; GAS-EXCHANGE; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; PUERTO-RICO; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; AVICENNIA-GERMINANS; LAGUNCULARIA-RACEMOSA AB This essay addresses the conservation issues facing mangroves in the Anthropocene, defined as the era of human domination over the world. We review the laws, policies, international agreements, and local actions that address the conservation of mangrove forests in the Neotropics and relate them to the Anthropocene. Collaboration between governments, non-governmental organizations, and communities that depend on mangroves for their livelihood will be critical in the Anthropocene. The essay also reviews recent developments in mangrove ecology and ecophysiology that enlighten how mangroves might respond to changes in temperature and rainfall, sea level rise, and other anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Mangroves in the Anthropocene will also face changes in their species composition given the current movement of mangroves species across continental barriers as a result of human activity. These trends will lead to novel mangrove forests and in some cases expand the range of mangroves worldwide. The solution to mangrove persistence in the Anthropocene is not to isolate mangroves from people, but to regulate interactions between mangroves and humans through effective management. We will also have to expand the scope of the ecological analysis of mangrove ecosystems to include the social forces converging on the mangroves through an analytical approach that has been termed Social Ecology. C1 [Lugo, Ariel E.; Medina, Ernesto] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Medina, Ernesto] Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Caracas, Venezuela. RP Lugo, AE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. EM alugo@fs.fed.us NR 134 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 58 PU INST ECOLOGIA A C PI XALAPA PA KM 2 5 CARR ANT A COATEPEC NO 351, CONGREGACION EL HAYA, XALAPA, VER 00000, MEXICO SN 1405-0471 J9 MADERA BOSQUES JI Madera Bosques PY 2014 VL 20 SI SI BP 11 EP 38 PG 28 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AW6XW UT WOS:000346409900001 ER PT J AU Antwi, C Osafo, ELK Fisher, DS Yacout, HM Donkoh, A Hassan, AA Sobhy, SMM Adu-Dapaah, H Salem, AZM AF Antwi, C. Osafo, E. L. K. Fisher, D. S. Yacout, H. M. Donkoh, A. Hassan, A. A. Sobhy, S. M. M. Adu-Dapaah, H. Salem, A. Z. M. TI Effect of pesticides applied in cowpea production on rumen microbial fermentation of cowpea haulms as reflected in in vitro gas production SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Lambda cyhalothrin; cypermethrin; dimethoate; cowpea haulm; gas production ID INSECTICIDE; DEER AB The present study assessed the effect of lambda cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and dimethoate residues in cowpea haulm on microbial fermentation using gas syringes as incubators. The lambda cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and dimethoate were applied at the vegetative, flowering and podding stages of the cowpea at the rate of 2.66 mg/L, 5.14 nng/L and 6.68 mg/L of water, respectively. Dimethoate was detected in the cowpea haulm at the highest concentration of 1.38 mg/kg. The haulm with no pesticide treatment was incubated with media containing rumen fluid, and pesticides were added at concentrations of 40 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg. In vitro gas production was measured at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h to estimate the rate of gas evolution. Gas production in general was influenced by pesticide application. In general, gas evolution was reduced by increasing levels of lambda cyhalothrin up to 80 mg/kg. However, an increase in gas accumulation was observed with increasing levels of dimethoate, while the application of cypermethrin yielded no noticeable change in gas production. The study indicates that pesticide residues may function as toxins at concentrations greater than those encountered in the field or lethal dose (LD50) and may inhibit the growth of rumen microbes. C1 [Antwi, C.; Osafo, E. L. K.; Donkoh, A.] KNUST Kumasi, Dept Anim Sci, Kumasi, Ghana. [Fisher, D. S.] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Yacout, H. M.; Hassan, A. A.] Anim Prod & Res Inst, Minist Agr, Giza, Egypt. [Sobhy, S. M. M.] Univ Alexandria, Fac Agr EI Shatby, Dept Anim Prod, Alexandria, Egypt. [Adu-Dapaah, H.] Council Sci & Ind Res Crop Res Inst, Kumasi, Ghana. Univ Autonoma Estado Mexico, Fac Med Vet Zootecn, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Antwi, C (reprint author), KNUST Kumasi, Dept Anim Sci, Kumasi, Ghana. EM cantwi.agric@knust.edu.gh RI Salem, A.Z.M./K-1495-2014 OI Salem, A.Z.M./0000-0001-7418-4170 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES PI HATFIELD PA C/O ESTIE KOSTER, PO BOX 13884, HATFIELD 0028, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0375-1589 J9 S AFR J ANIM SCI JI South Afr. J. Anim. Sci. PY 2014 VL 44 IS 3 BP 215 EP 219 DI 10.4314/sajas.v44i3.2 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AW7PD UT WOS:000346455700002 ER PT J AU Na, HR Heisler, GM Nowak, DJ Grant, RH AF Na, Hang Ryeol Heisler, Gordon M. Nowak, David J. Grant, Richard H. TI Modeling of urban trees' effects on reducing human exposure to UV radiation in Seoul, Korea SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING LA English DT Article DE Human health; i-Tree; Ultraviolet (UV); Urban forestry; UV protection factors (UPF) ID SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET; SUN PROTECTION; FOREST; LEAVES AB A mathematical model is constructed for quantifying urban trees' effects on mitigating the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the ground within different land use types across a city. The model is based upon local field data, meteorological data and equations designed to predict the reduced UV fraction due to trees at the ground level. Trees in Seoul, Korea (2010), produced average UV protection factors (UPF) for pedestrians in tree shade at solar noon (May to August) of 8.3 for park and cemetery land uses and 3.0 for commercial and transportation land uses. The highest daily UPF was 11.8 in the park and cemetery land uses, which has the highest percent canopy cover. This UV model is being implemented within the i-Tree modeling system to allow cities across the world to estimate tree effects on UV exposure. Understanding the impacts of urban trees on UV exposure can be used in developing landscape design strategies to help protect urban populations from UV exposure and consequent health impacts. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Na, Hang Ryeol] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Sci Technol & Soc Publ Policy, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Heisler, Gordon M.; Nowak, David J.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY 13215 USA. [Grant, Richard H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Na, HR (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Sci Technol & Soc Publ Policy, 1313 Eastman,1 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM nhr24@hotmail.com FU USDA Forest Service, SUNY-ESF's Pack Institute Research Travel Award; New York State and Graduate Student Employees Union Professional Development Award FX This work was funded by the USDA Forest Service, SUNY-ESF's Pack Institute Research Travel Award and New York State and Graduate Student Employees Union Professional Development Award. We thank Young Hee Sung and Berea World Mission for assistance with field data collection. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1618-8667 J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE JI Urban For. Urban Green. PY 2014 VL 13 IS 4 BP 785 EP 792 DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2014.05.009 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies GA AW8ZF UT WOS:000346547000021 ER PT J AU Ivanauskas, A Valiunas, D Jomantiene, R Picciau, L Davis, RE AF Ivanauskas, Algirdas Valiunas, Deividas Jomantiene, Rasa Picciau, Luca Davis, Robert Edward TI Possible insect vectors of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' and 'Ca. Phytoplasma pruni'-related strains in Lithuania SO ZEMDIRBYSTE-AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cercopoidae; Cicadellidae; leafhoppers; phytoplasma; vectors ID GROUP 16SRIII AB Phytoplasma strains affiliated with groups 16SrI, 16SrIII, 16SrV and 16SrXII have been found in Lithuania, but their insect vectors in the country have not been determined. Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' and 'Ca. Phytoplasma pruni'-related phytoplasma strains were identified in five leafhopper species and three spittlebug species occurring in Lithuania. The occurrence in Lithuania of Anaceratagallia ribauti, reported as a vector of stolbur phytoplasma ('Ca. Phytoplasma solani', subgroup 16SrXII-A) elsewhere in Europe, provokes the question of whether this phytoplasma may be present but yet undetected in Lithuania. The finding of subgroup 16SrI-C strains in A. ribauti, Aphrodes sp., Macrosteles sexnotatus and Euscelis incisus; 16SrI-B strains-in Aphrophora alni, Aphrodes sp. and Cicadella viridis; 16SrIII-B strains-in A. ribauti; and 16SrIII-P in Aphrodes sp. and E. incisus is consistent with the hypothesis that these leafhopper species are vectors of the respective phytoplasmas in Lithuania. Transmission trials were initiated based on these results. Results thus far have revealed that Lithuanian biotype of E. incisus is capable of vectoring subgroup 16SrI-C phytoplasma strains that are found in Lithuania. The presence of diverse phytoplasmas in three spittlebug species, Aphrophora alni, Lepyronia coleopterata and Philaenus spumarius, indicates that these xylem feeders actually ingested phloem sieve cell contents during feeding on phytoplasmai-nfected plants, bringing into focus the question of whether some of such xylem feeders might act as occasional vectors of phytoplasmas. C1 [Ivanauskas, Algirdas; Valiunas, Deividas; Jomantiene, Rasa] Nat Res Ctr, Inst Bot, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Picciau, Luca] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Sci Agr Forestali & Alimentari, I-10095 Grugliasco, Italy. [Davis, Robert Edward] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ivanauskas, A (reprint author), Nat Res Ctr, Inst Bot, Akad 2, Vilnius, Lithuania. EM algirdasivanauskas@gmail.com FU COST action Integrated management of phytoplasma epidemics in different crop systems FX We thank A. Bertaccini for organizing A. Ivanauskas' Short-Term Scientific Mission (STSM) to Italy, and A. Alma and R. Tedeschi for hosting A. Ivanauskas and providing resources and guidance during the STSM. We acknowledge COST action FA0807 Integrated management of phytoplasma epidemics in different crop systems for funding the STSM. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU LITHUANIAN RESEARCH CENTRE AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY PI KEDAINIU R PA ALEXANDRAS STULGINSKIS UNIV, KEDAINIU R, LT-58344, LITHUANIA SN 1392-3196 J9 ZEMDIRBYSTE JI Zemdirbyste PY 2014 VL 101 IS 3 BP 313 EP 320 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AX0DO UT WOS:000346623800012 ER PT J AU Ruan, YY Konstantinov, AS Ge, SQ Yang, XK AF Ruan, Yongying Konstantinov, Alexander S. Ge, Siqin Yang, Xingke TI Revision of Chaetocnema semicoerulea species-group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini) in China, with descriptions of three new species SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; species group; new species; China; flea beetles AB Chinese species of Chaetocnema semicoerulea group are revised and three new species described as new: C. salixis sp. n., C. yulongensis sp. n. and C. deqinensis sp. n.. A key to all five species of this group occurring in China and the illustrations of habitus and genitalia are provided. A map of species distribution is given. C1 [Ruan, Yongying; Ge, Siqin; Yang, Xingke] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Konstantinov, Alexander S.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Ruan, Yongying] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. RP Yang, XK (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM Alex.Konstantinov@ars.usda.gov; yangxk@ioz.ac.cn FU National Science Foundation of China [3010300101, 31372239]; National Science Fund for Fostering Talents in Basic Research [NSFC-J1210002] FX This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China to Xingke Yang (PI, Grant No. 3010300101 and Grant No. 31372239); the National Science Fund for Fostering Talents in Basic Research (Special Subjects in Animal Taxonomy, NSFC-J1210002). NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 463 BP 57 EP 74 DI 10.3897/zookeys.463.8147 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW6YI UT WOS:000346411200004 PM 25589862 ER PT B AU Chendev, YG Novykh, LL Sauer, TJ Petin, AN Zazdravnykh, EA Burras, CL AF Chendev, Yury G. Novykh, Larisa L. Sauer, Thomas J. Petin, Aleksandr N. Zazdravnykh, Evgeny A. Burras, C. Lee BE Hartemink, AE McSweeney, K TI Evolution of Soil Carbon Storage and Morphometric Properties of Afforested Soils in the US Great Plains SO SOIL CARBON SE Progress in Soil Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International-Union-of-Soil-Sciences Global Soil Carbon Conference CY JUN 03-06, 2013 CL Madison, WI SP Int Union Soil Sci, Univ Wisconsin, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Soil Sci ID DYNAMICS AB The objective of this project was to use detailed soil profile descriptions and soil carbon analyses to determine the soil C sequestration potential of tree planting across climatic gradients in the U. S. Great Plains. Tree windbreak age ranged from 19 to 70 years and age of cultivation from 22 to similar to 110 years. At each site, soil pits were prepared within the tree planting, the adjacent crop fields, and nearby undisturbed grassland. Windbreak soils had consistently thicker soil organic carbon (SOC)-enriched A or A+AB horizons when compared to the crop fields. The thickness of A or A+AB horizons in the windbreak soils were comparable to the undisturbed grassland soils. A linear relationship was detected between the difference in A+AB thickness of soils beneath windbreaks and undisturbed grasslands and a climate index (hydrothermal coefficient, HTC). These results indicate that tree windbreaks with more cool and moist climate conditions are more favorable for SOC accumulation in the surface soil. The relationship between SOC accumulation and climate factors enables the estimation of soil carbon stocks in existing windbreaks and the prediction of potential carbon sequestration of future plantings. RP Sauer, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tom.sauer@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-3-319-04084-4; 978-3-319-04083-7 J9 PROGR SOIL SCI PY 2014 BP 475 EP 482 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_47 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BA6KO UT WOS:000337169400049 ER PT J AU Kok, JF Mahowald, NM Fratini, G Gillies, JA Ishizuka, M Leys, JF Mikami, M Park, MS Park, SU Van Pelt, RS Zobeck, TM AF Kok, J. F. Mahowald, N. M. Fratini, G. Gillies, J. A. Ishizuka, M. Leys, J. F. Mikami, M. Park, M. -S. Park, S. -U. Van Pelt, R. S. Zobeck, T. M. TI An improved dust emission model - Part 1: Model description and comparison against measurements SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THRESHOLD FRICTION VELOCITY; WIND EROSION THRESHOLD; DEPOSITION DEAD MODEL; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; MINERAL DUST; SALTATING GRAINS; DESERT DUST; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; ROUGHNESS ELEMENTS; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL AB Simulations of the dust cycle and its interactions with the changing Earth system are hindered by the empirical nature of dust emission parameterizations in weather and climate models. Here we take a step towards improving dust cycle simulations by using a combination of theory and numerical simulations to derive a physically based dust emission parameterization. Our parameterization is straightforward to implement into large-scale models, as it depends only on the wind friction velocity and the soil's threshold friction velocity. Moreover, it accounts for two processes missing from most existing parameterizations: a soil's increased ability to produce dust under saltation bombardment as it becomes more erodible, and the increased scaling of the dust flux with wind speed as a soil becomes less erodible. Our treatment of both these processes is supported by a compilation of quality-controlled vertical dust flux measurements. Furthermore, our scheme reproduces this measurement compilation with substantially less error than the existing dust flux parameterizations we were able to compare against. A critical insight from both our theory and the measurement compilation is that dust fluxes are substantially more sensitive to the soil's threshold friction velocity than most current schemes account for. C1 [Kok, J. F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Kok, J. F.; Mahowald, N. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Fratini, G.] Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agrofood & Forest Syst DIBAF, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Gillies, J. A.] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Ishizuka, M.] Kagawa Univ, Fac Engn, Takamatsu, Kagawa 7610396, Japan. [Leys, J. F.] Dept Premier & Cabinet, Off Environm & Heritage, Div Sci, Gunnedah, NSW, Australia. [Mikami, M.] Japan Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Park, M. -S.; Park, S. -U.] Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Environm Modeling, Seoul 151919, South Korea. [Park, M. -S.] Ctr Atmospher Sci & Earthquake Res, Weather Informat Serv Engine Project, Seoul 121835, South Korea. [Van Pelt, R. S.] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. [Zobeck, T. M.] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Kok, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM jfkok@ucla.edu RI Kok, Jasper/A-9698-2008; Mahowald, Natalie/D-8388-2013; OI Kok, Jasper/0000-0003-0464-8325; Mahowald, Natalie/0000-0002-2873-997X; Fratini, Gerardo/0000-0002-2311-8971 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0932946, 1137716] FX We thank Stephane Alfaro, Jean Louis Rajot, and Beatrice Marticorena for providing the measurements of Sow et al. (2009), and for providing comments that helped improve the manuscript. Comments by two anonymous referees, the editor Yves Balkanski, Shanna Shaked, and Greg Okin also improved this paper. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant numbers 0932946 and 1137716. NR 107 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 25 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 23 BP 13023 EP 13041 DI 10.5194/acp-14-13023-2014 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AW2SW UT WOS:000346140100026 ER PT J AU Leary, DH Li, RW Hamdan, LJ Hervey, WJ Lebedev, N Wang, Z Deschamps, JR Kusterbeck, AW Vora, GJ AF Leary, Dagmar H. Li, Robert W. Hamdan, Leila J. Hervey, W. Judson Lebedev, Nikolai Wang, Zheng Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Kusterbeck, Anne W. Vora, Gary J. TI Integrated metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses of marine biofilm communities SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article DE biofouling; diatoms; metagenome; metaproteome; quantitative proteomics; ship hull ID OCEAN SAMPLING EXPEDITION; COASTAL SURFACE WATERS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; ANTIFOULING COATINGS; SUMMER BACTERIOPLANKTON; MICROBIAL ASSEMBLAGES; ARTIFICIAL SURFACES; SUBMERGED SURFACES; BACTERIAL BIOFILM; EXTRACELLULAR DNA AB Metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses were utilized to determine the composition and function of complex air-water interface biofilms sampled from the hulls of two US Navy destroyers. Prokaryotic community analyses using PhyloChip-based 16S rDNA profiling revealed two significantly different and taxonomically rich biofilm communities (6,942 taxa) in which the majority of unique taxa were ascribed to members of the Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Clostridia. Although metagenomic sequencing indicated that both biofilms were dominated by prokaryotic sequence reads (>91%) with the majority of the bacterial reads belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria, the Ship-1 metagenome harbored greater organismal and functional diversity and was comparatively enriched for sequences from Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and macroscopic eukaryotes, whereas the Ship-2 metagenome was enriched for sequences from Proteobacteria and microscopic photosynthetic eukaryotes. Qualitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metaproteome analyses identified 678 unique proteins, revealed little overlap in species and protein composition between the ships and contrasted with the metagenomic data in that similar to 80% of classified and annotated proteins were of eukaryotic origin and dominated by members of the Bacillariophyta, Cnidaria, Chordata and Arthropoda (data deposited to the ProteomeXchange, identifier PXD000961). Within the shared metaproteome, quantitative O-18 and iTRAQ analyses demonstrated a significantly greater abundance of structural proteins from macroscopic eukaryotes on Ship-1 and diatom photosynthesis proteins on Ship-2. Photosynthetic pigment composition and elemental analyses confirmed that both biofilms were dominated by phototrophic processes. These data begin to provide a better understanding of the complex organismal and biomolecular composition of marine biofilms while highlighting caveats in the interpretation of stand-alone environmental '-omics' datasets. C1 [Leary, Dagmar H.; Hervey, W. Judson; Lebedev, Nikolai; Wang, Zheng; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Kusterbeck, Anne W.; Vora, Gary J.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Li, Robert W.] USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hamdan, Leila J.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. RP Vora, GJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gary.vora@nrl.navy.mil OI Vora, Gary/0000-0002-0657-8597 FU Office of Naval Research via US Naval Research Laboratory [69-P113-11] FX The authors thank Drs Todd DeSantis, Christel Chehoud and the scientists at Second Genome, Inc. for helpful discussions. They would also like to acknowledge DDG CLASS Advocate Brian D. McClain for coordinating the sampling efforts, the Executive Officers of the USS Laboon and USS Bainbridge for their cooperation and assistance and Jeffrey Brown SURF-MEPP CORCON SME. Metaproteomic data deposition to the ProteomeXchange Consortium was facilitated by the PRIDE Team, EMBL-EBI. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research via US Naval Research Laboratory core funds under grant number 69-P113-11. The opinions and assertions contained herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as those of the US Navy, military service at large or the US Government. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 47 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 EI 1029-2454 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PY 2014 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1211 EP 1223 DI 10.1080/08927014.2014.977267 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AW1XF UT WOS:000346081200006 PM 25407927 ER PT J AU Robinson, CM Cheng, HH Delany, ME AF Robinson, Charmaine M. Cheng, Hans H. Delany, Mary E. TI Temporal Kinetics of Marek's Disease Herpesvirus: Integration Occurs Early after Infection in Both B and T Cells SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chicken; Cytogenetics; Herpesvirus; Host-virus genome; interaction; Meq; Viral integration ID ONCOPROTEIN MEQ; VIRUS; CHICKEN; LYMPHOCYTES; GENE; TRANSFORMATION; PATHOGENESIS; CHROMOSOME; BACTERIAL; SPLEEN AB Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an oncogenic a-herpesvirus that induces Marek's disease characterized by fatal lymphomas in chickens. Here, we explored the timing during pathogenesis when the virus integrates into the host genome, the cell type involved, the role of viral integration on cellular transformation, and tumor clonality. Three immune organs of chicken (thymus, bursa, and spleen) were extracted following infection with either an oncogenic or a non-oncogenic strain of MDV. Using molecular cytogenetics, cells were investigated for viral integration at key time points throughout pathogenesis. Integration profiling of tumors (early to late stage) was conducted. Virus integration was widespread in B and T lymphocytes based on their abundance in bursa and thymus, respectively. Viral replication was detected early after infection as was viral integration into the host genome. Integration is a natural part of the MDV herpesvirus life cycle. In addition, our data using a nononcogenic virus establish that although integration is a hallmark of tumor cell populations, integration alone is not sufficient for cellular transformation. Our results provide evidence for progression of lineage clonality within tumors. Understanding the features of integration provides insight into the mechanisms of herpesvirus pathology which could lead to disease mitigation strategies. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Robinson, Charmaine M.; Delany, Mary E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cheng, Hans H.] ARS, USDA, Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Delany, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM medelany@ucdavis.edu NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 10 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 EI 1424-859X J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2014 VL 144 IS 2 BP 142 EP 154 DI 10.1159/000368379 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AW2LL UT WOS:000346119000008 PM 25402709 ER PT J AU Yue, C Ciais, P Cadule, P Thonicke, K Archibald, S Poulter, B Hao, WM Hantson, S Mouillot, F Friedlingstein, P Maignan, F Viovy, N AF Yue, C. Ciais, P. Cadule, P. Thonicke, K. Archibald, S. Poulter, B. Hao, W. M. Hantson, S. Mouillot, F. Friedlingstein, P. Maignan, F. Viovy, N. TI Modelling the role of fires in the terrestrial carbon balance by incorporating SPITFIRE into the global vegetation model ORCHIDEE - Part 1: simulating historical global burned area and fire regimes SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; AMERICAN BOREAL FOREST; LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY; INTERIOR ALASKA; WILDLAND FIRES; EARTH SYSTEM; CLIMATE; EMISSIONS; IMPACT; ECOSYSTEMS AB Fire is an important global ecological process that influences the distribution of biomes, with consequences for carbon, water, and energy budgets. Therefore it is impossible to appropriately model the history and future of the terrestrial ecosystems and the climate system without including fire. This study incorporates the process-based prognostic fire module SPITFIRE into the global vegetation model ORCHIDEE, which was then used to simulate burned area over the 20th century. Special attention was paid to the evaluation of other fire regime indicators such as seasonality, fire size and fire length, next to burned area. For 2001-2006, the simulated global spatial extent of fire agrees well with that given by satellite-derived burned area data sets (L3JRC, GLOBCARBON, GFED3.1), and 76-92% of the global burned area is simulated as collocated between the model and observation, depending on which data set is used for comparison. The simulated global mean annual burned area is 346 Mha yr(-1), which falls within the range of 287-384 Mha yr(-1) as given by the three observation data sets; and is close to the 344 Mha yr(-1) by the GFED3.1 data when crop fires are excluded. The simulated long-term trend and variation of burned area agree best with the observation data in regions where fire is mainly driven by climate variation, such as boreal Russia (1930-2009), along with Canada and US Alaska (1950-2009). At the global scale, the simulated decadal fire variation over the 20th century is only in moderate agreement with the historical reconstruction, possibly because of the uncertainties of past estimates, and because land-use change fires and fire suppression are not explicitly included in the model. Over the globe, the size of large fires (the 95th quantile fire size) is underestimated by the model for the regions of high fire frequency, compared with fire patch data as reconstructed from MODIS 500 m burned area data. Two case studies of fire size distribution in Canada and US Alaska, and southern Africa indicate that both number and size of large fires are underestimated, which could be related with short fire patch length and low daily fire size. Future efforts should be directed towards building consistent spatial observation data sets for key parameters of the model in order to constrain the model error at each key step of the fire modelling. C1 [Yue, C.; Ciais, P.; Cadule, P.; Maignan, F.; Viovy, N.] CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Yue, C.] CNRS, UJF, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, St Martin Dheres, France. [Thonicke, K.] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res PIK EV, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Archibald, S.] CSIR Nat Resources & Environm, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Archibald, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Poulter, B.] Montana State Univ, Inst Ecosyst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Poulter, B.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Hao, W. M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Hantson, S.] Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Geog, Alcala De Henares 28801, Spain. [Hantson, S.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Mouillot, F.] IRD, UMR CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France. [Friedlingstein, P.] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter EX4 4QE, Devon, England. RP Yue, C (reprint author), CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM chao.yue@lsce.ipsl.fr RI MOUILLOT, florent/C-2204-2015; Maignan, Fabienne/F-5419-2013; Archibald, Sally/O-1659-2015; Friedlingstein, Pierre/H-2700-2014; OI MOUILLOT, florent/0000-0002-6548-4830; Archibald, Sally/0000-0003-2786-3976; Thonicke, Kirsten/0000-0001-5283-4937; Hantson, Stijn/0000-0003-4607-9204; Poulter, Benjamin/0000-0002-9493-8600 FU ESA firecci project; EU FP7 project PAGE21 FX The authors thank Nicolas Vuichard, Arnaud Caubel, and Josefine Ghattas for their technical help. We thank John Little from Canadian Forest Service on the help to interpret Canadian fire data. We thank Jed. O. Kaplan, Mirjam Pfeiffer, Allan Spessa, and the two anonymous referees for their extensive review and discussion comments, which improved this manuscript. Funding for this work was provided by the ESA firecci project (http://www.esa-fire-cci.org/) and EU FP7 project PAGE21. NR 67 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 26 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2747 EP 2767 DI 10.5194/gmd-7-2747-2014 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AW2TP UT WOS:000346142200014 ER PT J AU Dinnat, EP Bindlish, R Le Vine, DM Piepmeier, JR Brown, ST AF Dinnat, Emmanuel P. Bindlish, Rajat Le Vine, David M. Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. Brown, Shannon T. GP IEEE TI Aquarius Whole Range Calibration: Celestial Sky, Ocean, and Land Targets SO 2014 13TH SPECIALIST MEETING ON MICROWAVE RADIOMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING OF THE ENVIRONMENT (MICRORAD) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad) CY MAR 24-27, 2014 CL Pasadena, CA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc DE Microwave; Radiometry; L-band; Aquarius; Calibration AB Aquarius is a spaceborne instrument that uses L-band radiometers to monitor sea surface salinity globally. Other applications of its data over land and the cryosphere are being developed. Combining its measurements with existing and upcoming L-band sensors will allow for long term studies. For that purpose, the radiometers calibration is critical. Aquarius measurements are currently calibrated over the oceans. They have been found too cold at the low end (celestial sky) of the brightness temperature scale, and too warm at the warm end (land and ice). We assess the impact of the antenna pattern model on the biases and propose a correction. We re-calibrate Aquarius measurements using the corrected antenna pattern and measurements over the Sky and oceans. The performances of the new calibration are evaluated using measurements over well instrument land sites. C1 [Dinnat, Emmanuel P.] Chapman Univ, Cryospher Sci Lab, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bindlish, Rajat] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Microwave Instrument Technol Branch, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Le Vine, David M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Dinnat, EP (reprint author), Chapman Univ, Cryospher Sci Lab, NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM emmanuel.dinnat@nasa.gov FU NASA [NNX10AV23G] FX This research was supported by the NASA grant # NNX10AV23G.. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-4644-0 PY 2014 BP 192 EP 196 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Physics, Applied SC Geology; Remote Sensing; Physics GA BB7PH UT WOS:000345894600042 ER PT J AU Franz, AH Serebnitskaya, I Gudial, G Wallis, C AF Franz, Andreas H. Serebnitskaya, Ilona Gudial, Gurbir Wallis, Christopher TI Structure assignment and H/D-exchange behavior of several glycosylated polyphenols SO ARKIVOC LA English DT Article DE Glycosylated polyphenol; NMR spectroscopy; J-HMBC; Karplus relation; conformational analysis; H/D-exchange ID PROTON COUPLING-CONSTANTS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTRA; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; KARPLUS EQUATIONS; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; ANTHOCYANINS; BOND; C-13; DERIVATIVES AB The NMR-structures of six polyphenols, resveratrol (1), (-)-epicatechin (2), pelargonidin chloride (3), cyanidin chloride (4), cyanin chloride (5), and keracyanin chloride (6), were fully assigned. For the glycosylated polyphenols 5 and 6, the three-dimensional solution structure and long-range H-1-C-13-coupling constants across the glycosidic bond were measured. Satisfactory fit to standard Karplus-equations was achieved for glycosides directly attached to the aromatic core in cyanin chloride. Molecular dynamics simulation data in vacuum at the AM1-level of theory were shown to approximate the NMR-solution data reasonably well. Selective HCl-catalyzed H/D-exchange was observed for aromatic protons H6 and H8 in flavonoid structures containing a 5,7-meta-disubstituted chromelynium core with free OH-groups. The exchange took place readily in compounds 3, 4, and 6, whereas 1, 2, and 5 did not exchange. C1 [Franz, Andreas H.; Serebnitskaya, Ilona; Gudial, Gurbir] Univ Pacific, Dept Chem, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. [Wallis, Christopher] ARS, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Franz, AH (reprint author), Univ Pacific, Dept Chem, 3601 Pacific Ave, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. EM afranz@pacific.edu FU Department of Chemistry; National Science Foundation [NSF-MRI-0722654] FX The authors thank the Department of Chemistry for support. This work was made possible by funding from the National Science Foundation under grant NSF-MRI-0722654. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ARKAT USA INC PI GAINESVILLE PA C/O ALAN R KATRITZKY, UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT CHEMISTRY, PO BOX 117200, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA SN 1551-7004 EI 1551-7012 J9 ARKIVOC JI Arkivoc PY 2014 BP 94 EP 122 PN 5 PG 29 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AU7KM UT WOS:000345779400006 ER PT J AU Ficklin, DL Barnhart, BL Knouft, JH Stewart, IT Maurer, EP Letsinger, SL Whittaker, GW AF Ficklin, D. L. Barnhart, B. L. Knouft, J. H. Stewart, I. T. Maurer, E. P. Letsinger, S. L. Whittaker, G. W. TI Climate change and stream temperature projections in the Columbia River basin: habitat implications of spatial variation in hydrologic drivers SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WATER-TEMPERATURE; TROUT POPULATIONS; CHANGE IMPACTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES; US STREAMS; SENSITIVITY; MODEL; CALIFORNIA; FUTURE AB Water temperature is a primary physical factor regulating the persistence and distribution of aquatic taxa. Considering projected increases in air temperature and changes in precipitation in the coming century, accurate assessment of suitable thermal habitats in freshwater systems is critical for predicting aquatic species' responses to changes in climate and for guiding adaptation strategies. We use a hydrologic model coupled with a stream temperature model and downscaled general circulation model outputs to explore the spatially and temporally varying changes in stream temperature for the late 21st century at the subbasin and ecological province scale for the Columbia River basin (CRB). On average, stream temperatures are projected to increase 3.5 degrees C for the spring, 5.2 degrees C for the summer, 2.7 degrees C for the fall, and 1.6 degrees C for the winter. While results indicate changes in stream temperature are correlated with changes in air temperature, our results also capture the important, and often ignored, influence of hydrological processes on changes in stream temperature. Decreases in future snowcover will result in increased thermal sensitivity within regions that were previously buffered by the cooling effect of flow originating as snowmelt. Other hydrological components, such as precipitation, surface runoff, lateral soil water flow, and groundwater inflow, are negatively correlated to increases in stream temperature depending on the ecological province and season. At the ecological province scale, the largest increase in annual stream temperature was within the Mountain Snake ecological province, which is characterized by migratory coldwater fish species. Stream temperature changes varied seasonally with the largest projected stream temperature increases occurring during the spring and summer for all ecological provinces. Our results indicate that stream temperatures are driven by local processes and ultimately require a physically explicit modeling approach to accurately characterize the habitat regulating the distribution and diversity of aquatic taxa. C1 [Ficklin, D. L.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Barnhart, B. L.; Whittaker, G. W.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Knouft, J. H.] St Louis Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Knouft, J. H.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Stewart, I. T.] Santa Clara Univ, Dept Environm Studies & Sci, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. [Maurer, E. P.] Santa Clara Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. [Ficklin, D. L.; Letsinger, S. L.] Indiana Geol Survey, Ctr Geospatial Data Anal, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Ficklin, DL (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, 701 E Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM dficklin@indiana.edu RI Maurer, Edwin/C-7190-2009 OI Maurer, Edwin/0000-0001-7134-487X FU US Environmental Protection Agency through EPA STAR grant [RD-83419101-0]; Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STARs) Consequences of Global Change for Water Quality program [EPA-G2008-STAR-D2]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0844644, CNS-0723054] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this work from the US Environmental Protection Agency through EPA STAR grant no. RD-83419101-0, the Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STARs) Consequences of Global Change for Water Quality program (EPA-G2008-STAR-D2), and from the National Science Foundation (DEB-0844644). We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups (listed in Table 1 of this paper) for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the US Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. Additionally, this material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. CNS-0723054. NR 68 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 24 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2014 VL 18 IS 12 BP 4897 EP 4912 DI 10.5194/hess-18-4897-2014 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA AU7GP UT WOS:000345769100010 ER PT J AU O'Neil, CE Nicklas, TA Keast, DR Fulgoni, VL AF O'Neil, Carol E. Nicklas, Theresa A. Keast, Debra R. Fulgoni, Victor L., III TI Ethnic disparities among food sources of energy and nutrients of public health concern and nutrients to limit in adults in the United States: NHANES 2003-2006 SO FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE NHANES; energy intake; nutrients to limit; nutrients of public health concern; food sources; diverse ethnicities ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN PATIENTS; DIETARY SOURCES; US ADULTS; LACTOSE-INTOLERANCE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CONSUMPTION; OBESITY; ACCULTURATION; HYPERTENSION AB Background: Identification of current food sources of energy and nutrients among US non-Hispanic whites (NHW), non-Hispanic blacks (NHB), and Mexican American (MA) adults is needed to help with public health efforts in implementing culturally sensitive and feasible dietary recommendations. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the food sources of energy and nutrients to limit [saturated fatty acids (SFA), added sugars, and sodium] and nutrients of public health concern (dietary fiber, vitamin D, calcium, and potassium) by NHW, NHB, and MA adults. Design: This was a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample of NWH (n = 4,811), NHB (2,062), and MA (n = 1,950) adults 19 + years. The 2003-2006 NHANES 24-h recall (Day 1) dietary intake data were analyzed. An updated USDA Dietary Source Nutrient Database was developed using current food composition databases. Food grouping included ingredients from disaggregated mixtures. Mean energy and nutrient intakes from food sources were sample-weighted. Percentages of total dietary intake contributed from food sources were ranked. Results: Multiple differences in intake among ethnic groups were seen for energy and all nutrients examined. For example, energy intake was higher in MA as compared to NHB; SFA, added sugars, and sodium intakes were higher in NHW than NHB; dietary fiber was highest in MA and lowest in NHB; vitamin D was highest in NHW; calcium was lowest in NHB; and potassium was higher in NHW as compared to NHB. Food sources of these nutrients also varied. Conclusion: Identification of intake of nutrients to limit and of public health concern can help health professionals implement appropriate dietary recommendations and plan interventions that are ethnically appropriate. C1 [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Nutr & Food Sci, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Nicklas, Theresa A.] USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Keast, Debra R.] Food & Nutr Database Res Inc, Okemos, MI USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI USA. RP O'Neil, CE (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Nutr & Food Sci, Didact Program Dietet, 261 Knapp Hall,110 LSU Union Sq, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM coneil1@lsu.edu FU National Dairy Council; USDA [93951]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-003] FX Support was provided by the National Dairy Council and administered by the Dairy Research Institute and the USDA-Agricultural Research Service through specific cooperative agreement 58-6250-6-003. Partial support was received from the USDA Hatch Project LAB 93951. The funding sources had no input into the study design, the interpretation of the results, or drafting the manuscript. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 1654-6628 EI 1654-661X J9 FOOD NUTR RES JI Food Nutr. Res. PY 2014 VL 58 AR 15784 DI 10.3402/fnr.v58.15784 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AU2DW UT WOS:000345427300001 PM 25413643 ER PT J AU Duke, SH Henson, CA Vinje, MA AF Duke, Stanley H. Henson, Cynthia A. Vinje, Marcus A. TI Comparisons of Barley Malt Amylolytic Enzyme Thermostabilities to Wort Osmolyte Concentrations, Malt Extract, ASBC Measures of Malt Quality, and Initial Enzyme Activities SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS LA English DT Article DE alpha-Amylase; beta-Amylase; Enzyme thermostability; Limit dextrinase; Malt extract; Mashing; Osmolytes ID BETA-AMYLASE ACTIVITY; HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; PISUM-SATIVUM-L; DIASTATIC POWER ENZYMES; INTRON III ALLELES; ALPHA-AMYLASE; LIMIT DEXTRINASE; SUGAR CONCENTRATIONS; GERMINATING BARLEY; STARCH DEGRADATION AB The hypothesis that wort osmolyte concentration (OC) would correlate much better than malt extract (ME) with barley amylolytic enzyme thermostabilities of malts produced over several days of germination was tested. Seeds of four two-row and four six-row North American barley cultivars were malted in a micromalter and sampled every 24 hr throughout 6 days of germination, alpha- and beta-amylases and limit dextrinase were assayed before and after mashing at 70 degrees C for 30 min to determine thermostabilities. Wort OC, ME, and ASBC measures of malt quality were determined for each day of germination. For all cultivars combined, over all days of germination, wort beta-amylase thermostabilities correlated negatively and highly significantly with both wort OC and ME, although more strongly with OC (r = -0.62, P < 0.0001; r = -0.46, P < 0.001, respectively). Correlations of limit dextrinase thermostabilities with wort OC were also much stronger than with ME (r = -0.87, P < 0.0001; r = -0.68, P < 0.0001, respectively). alpha-Amylase thermostability was either unaffected by or increased after mashing at 70 degrees C. These data suggest that beta-amylase and limit dextrinase thermostabilities become more limiting to starch degradation as reflected by OC than as reflected by ME as germination proceeds. beta-Amylase intron III allelic variation had no effect on OC or ME in these North American barley cultivars. For all cultivars combined over 6 days of germination, the correlations for beta-amylase and limit dextrinase thermostabilities versus the initial activities of alpha- and beta-amylase and limit dextrinase were significant and negative ([beta-amylase thermostabilities versus initial activities of alpha-amylases: r = -0.63, P < 0.0001, beta-amylases: r = -0.68, P < 0.0001, and limit dextrinases: r = -0.54, P < 0.0001] and [dextrinase thermostabilities versus initial activities of alpha-amylase: r = -0.63, P < 0.0001, beta-amylase: r = -0.68, P < 0.0001, and limit dextrinase: r = -0.54, P < 0.0001]). These data suggest that selection for high initial activity of any of these amylolytic enzymes would also select for high thermostability of beta-amylase and limit dextrinase. C1 [Duke, Stanley H.; Henson, Cynthia A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Henson, Cynthia A.; Vinje, Marcus A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI USA. RP Duke, SH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shduke@wisc.edu FU American Malting Barley Association, Inc.; USDA-ARS; USDA-ARS, USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, U.S. Barley Genome Project Special Grant FX Financial support was provided in part by the American Malting Barley Association, Inc. and the USDA-ARS, USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, U.S. Barley Genome Project Special Grant. We thank Charles B. Karpelenia, Joseph T. Dietrich, Mariah K. Peronto, and Robert D. Vogelzang for their expert technical assistance, and Allen D. Budde and Christopher H. Martens for their assistance in malting. NR 83 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BREWING CHEMISTS INC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0361-0470 EI 1943-7854 J9 J AM SOC BREW CHEM JI J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. PY 2014 VL 72 IS 4 BP 271 EP 284 DI 10.1094/ASBCJ-2014-1027-01 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AU2ZR UT WOS:000345483400007 ER PT J AU Lebow, S AF Lebow, Stan TI EFFECT OF PRECIPITATION PATTERN ON LEACHING OF PRESERVATIVE FROM TREATED WOOD AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ACCELERATED TESTING SO MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Wood preservative; leaching; accelerated testing; precipitation; rainfall intensity ID SIMULATED RAINFALL; COPPER; CCA; RELEASE; MIGRATION; CHROMIUM; DECKING; LUMBER; DECAY AB There is a need to develop improved accelerated test methods for evaluating the leaching of wood preservatives from treated wood exposed to precipitation. In this study the effects of rate of rainfall and length of intervals between rainfall events on leaching was evaluated by exposing specimens to varying patterns of simulated rainfall under controlled laboratory conditions. Lumber specimens were pressure-treated with 0,5; 1 or 2,% solutions of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) and exposed to 762 mm of rainfall at rates of 2,5; 8 or 25 mm/h. Intervals between rainfall events were increased for some specimens. Leachate was periodically collected and analyzed to quantify leaching of arsenic, chromium and copper. The quantity of CCA elements leached, per unit rainfall, was consistently greatest at the lowest rainfall rate for all solution concentrations evaluated. Incorporation of additional time between rain events increased leaching at the lowest rainfall rate, but this effect was less noticeable as rainfall rate increased. The results of this study indicate that simulated rainfall leaching tests should be conducted using rainfall intensities at the lower end of those that are typical for the region of interest. The lengths of intervals between rainfall events may also increase leaching, but use of lengthy resting intervals conflicts with the goal of accelerated testing. Further research may be warranted to optimize time between rainfall events and assess the effect of drying periods between rainfall events. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Lebow, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM slebow@fs.fed.us NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV BIO-BIO PI CONCEPCION PA WOOD ENGINEERING DEPT, AVENIDA COLLAO 1202, CASILLA 5-C, CONCEPCION, 00000, CHILE SN 0718-221X J9 MADERAS-CIENC TECNOL JI Maderas-Cienc. Tecnol. PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 BP 423 EP 434 DI 10.4067/S0718-221X2014005000034 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AU0GH UT WOS:000345301200005 ER PT S AU Vauhkonen, J Maltamo, M McRoberts, RE Naesset, E AF Vauhkonen, Jari Maltamo, Matti McRoberts, Ronald E. Naesset, Erik BE Maltamo, M Naesset, E Vauhkonen, J TI Introduction to Forestry Applications of Airborne Laser Scanning SO FORESTRY APPLICATIONS OF AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING: CONCEPTS AND CASE STUDIES SE Managing Forest Ecosystems LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID INDIVIDUAL TREE DETECTION; ALPHA SHAPE METRICS; REMOTE-SENSING DATA; SINGLE-TREE; STAND CHARACTERISTICS; TIMBER VOLUME; BOREAL FORESTS; STEM VOLUME; PLOT VOLUME; LIDAR DATA AB Airborne laser scanning (ALS) has emerged as one of the most promising remote sensing technologies to provide data for research and operational applications in a wide range of disciplines related to management of forest ecosystems. This chapter starts with a brief historical overview of the early forest-related research on airborne Light Detection and Ranging which was first mentioned in the literature in the mid-1960s. The early applications of ALS in the mid-1990s are also reviewed. The two fundamental approaches to use of ALS in forestry applications are presented - the area-based approach and the single-tree approach. Many of the remaining chapters rest upon this basic description of these two approaches. Finally, a brief introduction to the broad range of forestry applications of ALS is given and references are provided to individual chapters that treat the different topics in more depth. Most chapters include detailed reviews of previous research and the state-of-the- art in the various topic areas. Thus, this book provides a unique collection of in-depth reviews and overviews of the research and application of ALS in a broad range of forest-related disciplines. C1 [Vauhkonen, Jari] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, Helsinki, Finland. [Maltamo, Matti] Univ Eastern Finland, Sch Forest Sci, Joensuu, Finland. [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Naesset, Erik] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, As, Akershus, Norway. RP Vauhkonen, J (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, Helsinki, Finland. EM jari.vauhkonen@helsinki.fi; Matti.maltamo@uef.fi; Erik.naesset@umb.no NR 98 TC 13 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-1319 BN 978-94-017-8663-8; 978-94-017-8662-1 J9 MANAG FOR ECOSYST JI Manag. For. Ecosyst. PY 2014 VL 27 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-8663-8_1 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-8663-8 PG 16 WC Ecology; Forestry; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Remote Sensing GA BB6QD UT WOS:000344929900002 ER PT S AU McRoberts, RE Andersen, HE Naesset, E AF McRoberts, Ronald E. Andersen, Hans-Erik Naesset, Erik BE Maltamo, M Naesset, E Vauhkonen, J TI Using Airborne Laser Scanning Data to Support Forest Sample Surveys SO FORESTRY APPLICATIONS OF AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING: CONCEPTS AND CASE STUDIES SE Managing Forest Ecosystems LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MODEL-BASED INFERENCE; POST-STRATIFIED ESTIMATION; LIDAR-ASSISTED ESTIMATION; GROWING STOCK VOLUME; HEDMARK COUNTY; BIOMASS ESTIMATION; SIMULATION APPROACH; INTERIOR ALASKA; LIGHT DETECTION; INVENTORY AB Forest surveys, in the form of both stand management and strategic inventories, have a long history of using remotely sensed data to support and enhance their design and estimation processes. By the use of airborne laser scanning data this capacity has emerged as one of its most important and prominent applications. The chapter includes a brief overview of forest inventory uses of remotely sensed data, a section on aspects of ground sampling that can be managed to optimize estimation of relationships between ground and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, and a section on stand management inventories. The latter section reviews underlying and motivating factors crucial to the primary focus of the chapter, formal statistical inference for ALS-assisted forest inventories. Inferential methods are described for two primary cases, full and partial ALS coverage. Within each case, estimators for both design-based and model-based inference are presented. C1 [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Andersen, Hans-Erik] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Naesset, Erik] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, As, Norway. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rmcrobert@fs.fed.us; Erik.naesset@umb.no NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-1319 BN 978-94-017-8663-8; 978-94-017-8662-1 J9 MANAG FOR ECOSYST JI Manag. For. Ecosyst. PY 2014 VL 27 BP 269 EP 292 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-8663-8_14 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-8663-8 PG 24 WC Ecology; Forestry; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Remote Sensing GA BB6QD UT WOS:000344929900015 ER PT S AU McRoberts, RE Bollandsas, OM Naesset, E AF McRoberts, Ronald E. Bollandsas, Ole Martin Naesset, Erik BE Maltamo, M Naesset, E Vauhkonen, J TI Modeling and Estimating Change SO FORESTRY APPLICATIONS OF AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING: CONCEPTS AND CASE STUDIES SE Managing Forest Ecosystems LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LASER SCANNER DATA; MULTITEMPORAL LIDAR DATA; IMAGE-BASED MAPS; HEDMARK COUNTY; ASSISTED ESTIMATION; FOREST DISTURBANCE; BIOMASS ESTIMATION; AIRBORNE LIDAR; SAMPLE SURVEY; DETECTING TRENDS AB Airborne laser scanning (ALS) data are a source of spatial information that can be used to assist in the efficient and precise estimation of forest attributes such as biomass and biomass change, particularly for remote and inaccessible forests. This chapter includes an introduction to the use of ALS data for estimating change and a detailed review with tabular summary of the small number of known published reports on the topic. The review proceeds chronologically, noting the progression from exploratory and correlation studies to modeling and mapping and finally to statistically rigorous inference for population parameters. Both direct and indirect approaches for constructing models and mapping change are summarized. Although maps can be used to assist in the estimation procedure, systematic model prediction errors as reflected in maps induce bias into estimators. Thus, if the objective is rigorous inference for population parameters such as mean biomass change per unit area, rather than just maps of the populations, then bias must be estimated and incorporated into the parameter estimates, and uncertainty must be estimated. The design-based, model-assisted estimators that are presented for both independent estimation samples and single samples with repeated observations satisfy these criteria and produce inferences in the form of confidence intervals. C1 [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bollandsas, Ole Martin; Naesset, Erik] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, As, Norway. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mcrob001@umn.edu; Erik.naesset@umb.no NR 60 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-1319 BN 978-94-017-8663-8; 978-94-017-8662-1 J9 MANAG FOR ECOSYST JI Manag. For. Ecosyst. PY 2014 VL 27 BP 293 EP 313 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-8663-8_15 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-8663-8 PG 21 WC Ecology; Forestry; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Remote Sensing GA BB6QD UT WOS:000344929900016 ER PT S AU Kandala, CV Sundaram, J AF Kandala, Chari V. Sundaram, Jaya BE LeVan, PD Sood, AK Wijewarnasuriya, P DSouza, AI TI Analysis of Total Oil and Fatty Acids Composition by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy in Edible Nuts. SO INFRARED SENSORS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications IV CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Nondestructive; NIR reflectance spectroscopy; Partial Least Square; In-shell peanut; Total oil; Moisture content; Fatty acids ID SEED AB Near Infrared (NIR) Reflectance spectroscopy has established itself as an important tool in quantifying water and oil present in various food materials. It is rapid and nondestructive, easier to use, and does not require processing the samples with corrosive chemicals that would render them non-edible. Earlier, the samples had to be ground into powder form before making any measurements. With the development of new soft ware packages, NIR techniques could now be used in the analysis of intact grain and nuts. While most of the commercial instruments presently available work well with small grain size materials such as wheat and corn, the method present here is suitable for large kernel size products such as shelled or in-shell peanuts. Absorbance spectra were collected from 400 nm to 2500 nm using a NIR instrument. Average values of total oil contents (TOC) of peanut samples were determined by standard extraction methods, and fatty acids were determined using gas chromatography. Partial least square (PLS) analysis was performed on the calibration set of absorption spectra, and models were developed for prediction of total oil and fatty acids. The best model was selected based on the coefficient of determination (R-2), Standard error of prediction (SEP) and residual percent deviation (RPD) values. Peanut samples analyzed showed RPD values greater than 5.0 for both absorbance and reflectance models and thus could be used for quality control and analysis. Ability to rapidly and nondestructively measure the TOC, and analyze the fatty acid composition, will be immensely useful in peanut varietal improvement as well as in the grading process of grain and nuts. C1 [Kandala, Chari V.] ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Sundaram, Jaya] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Kandala, CV (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM chari.kandala@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-247-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9220 AR UNSP 92200F DI 10.1117/12.2060891 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6UE UT WOS:000345027200013 ER PT J AU Xu, LY Zhao, FP Ren, HX Li, L Lu, J Liu, JS Zhang, SF Liu, GE Song, JZ Zhang, L Wei, CH Du, LX AF Xu, Lingyang Zhao, Fuping Ren, Hangxing Li, Li Lu, Jian Liu, Jiasen Zhang, Shifang Liu, George E. Song, Jiuzhou Zhang, Li Wei, Caihong Du, Lixin TI Co-Expression Analysis of Fetal Weight-Related Genes in Ovine Skeletal Muscle during Mid and Late Fetal Development Stages SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Serial expression analysis; WGCNA; fetal development stages; fetal weight ID NETWORK ANALYSIS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; P53 ACETYLATION; SHEEP; CATTLE; GROWTH; MICROARRAY; PROTEINS; GENOMICS; MODULES AB Background: Muscle development and lipid metabolism play important roles during fetal development stages. The commercial Texel sheep are more muscular than the indigenous Ujumqin sheep. Results: We performed serial transcriptomics assays and systems biology analyses to investigate the dynamics of gene expression changes associated with fetal longissimus muscles during different fetal stages in two sheep breeds. Totally, we identified 1472 differentially expressed genes during various fetal stages using time-series expression analysis. A systems biology approach, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), was used to detect modules of correlated genes among these 1472 genes. Dramatically different gene modules were identified in four merged datasets, corresponding to the mid fetal stage in Texel and Ujumqin sheep, the late fetal stage in Texel and Ujumqin sheep, respectively. We further detected gene modules significantly correlated with fetal weight, and constructed networks and pathways using genes with high significances. In these gene modules, we identified genes like TADA3, LMNB1, TGF-beta 3, EEF1A2, FGFR1, MYOZ1, and FBP2 correlated with fetal weight. Conclusion: Our study revealed the complex network characteristics involved in muscle development and lipid metabolism during fetal development stages. Diverse patterns of the network connections observed between breeds and fetal stages could involve some hub genes, which play central roles in fetal development, correlating with fetal weight. Our findings could provide potential valuable biomarkers for selection of body weight-related traits in sheep and other livestock. C1 [Xu, Lingyang; Zhao, Fuping; Ren, Hangxing; Li, Li; Lu, Jian; Liu, Jiasen; Zhang, Shifang; Zhang, Li; Wei, Caihong; Du, Lixin] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Sci, Natl Ctr Mol Genet & Breeding Anim, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Ren, Hangxing] Chongqing Acad Anim Sci, Chongqing 402460, Peoples R China. [Li, Li] Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Xu, Lingyang; Liu, George E.] USDA ARS, Anim Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Xu, Lingyang; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Wei, CH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Sci, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM weichxx@yahoo.com.cn; lxdu@263.net FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30972094]; National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant [2012cj-2]; National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Fund for Scientists in the Sheep Industry System [CARS-39-04B] FX We are grateful to Youying Zhao (Youyu County, Shanxi Province) for providing the experimental animals and settings for sampling, and Wenbin Yue and his colleagues (Shanxi Agricultural University) for their support organizing the sampling. Our studies were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30972094), the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant (Grand No. 2012cj-2) and the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Fund for Scientists in the Sheep Industry System (CARS-39-04B). NR 74 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU IVYSPRING INT PUBL PI LAKE HAVEN PA PO BOX 4546, LAKE HAVEN, NSW 2263, AUSTRALIA SN 1449-2288 J9 INT J BIOL SCI JI Int. J. Biol. Sci. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 9 BP 1039 EP 1050 DI 10.7150/ijbs.9737 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AT9FG UT WOS:000345232700011 PM 25285036 ER PT J AU Brandeis, C Lambert, DM AF Brandeis, Consuelo Lambert, Dayton M. TI Projecting county pulpwood production with historical production and macro-economic variables SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE County pulpwood forecast; Vector autoregressive; Spatial panel VAR ID VECTOR AUTOREGRESSION ANALYSIS; PANEL-DATA MODELS; STUMPAGE PRICES; EXPORTS; TESTS AB We explored forecasting of county roundwood pulpwood production with county-vector autoregressive (CVAR) and spatial panel vector autoregressive (SPVAR) methods. The analysis used timber products output data for the state of Florida, together with a set of macro-economic variables. Overall, we found the SPVAR specification produced forecasts with lower error rates compared to CVAR specifications. Nonetheless, high forecast errors across counties revealed the uncertainty associated with projecting volumes of county pulpwood production. Published by Elsevier GmbH. on behalf of Department of Forest Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea. C1 [Brandeis, Consuelo] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [Lambert, Dayton M.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. RP Brandeis, C (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 4700 Old Kingston Pike, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM cbrandeis@fs.fed.us FU USDA Hatch Project Funds [NE-1049] FX I would like to add our thanks to reviewers and information to acknowledge partial funding for coauthor. A version of this paper was resented at the 2013 Southern Forest Economics Workers Annual meeting in Auburn, Alabama. The authors wish to thank Donald G. Hodges and Christian Vossler for their valuable comments on earlier research leading to this paper as well as the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. Lambert's research was partially funded by USDA Hatch Project Funds, NE-1049. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1104-6899 EI 1618-1530 J9 J FOREST ECON JI J. For. Econ. PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 305 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2014.09.002 PG 11 WC Economics; Forestry SC Business & Economics; Forestry GA AT8MA UT WOS:000345186100007 ER PT J AU Larson, L Whiting, JW Green, GT Bowker, JM AF Larson, Lincoln Whiting, Jason W. Green, Gary T. Bowker, J. M. TI Physical Activity Levels and Preferences of Ethnically Diverse Visitors to Georgia State Parks SO JOURNAL OF LEISURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE mixed methods; outdoor recreation; physical activity; race/ethnicity; state parks ID LEISURE-TIME; UNITED-STATES; ADULTS PARTICIPATION; CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; RECREATION; NEIGHBORHOOD; OBESITY; COMMUNITIES AB Parks provide many outdoor recreation opportunities that encourage physical activity and healthy lifestyles, and research has recently begun to explore the demographic, social, and environmental factors associated with park-based activity levels, particularly outside of urban areas. This study used a mixed methods approach to investigate physical activity levels and correlates among demographically diverse state park visitors in Georgia. Data were collected during summer 2010 via onsite intercept surveys (n = 1,073) and structured observations of visitor behavior (n = 9,453 individuals observed). Analyses revealed substantial levels of activity during park visits and highlighted links between socially oriented recreation participation and park-based physical activity, particularly for Latinos and African Americans. Results could provide park managers with insightful information for promoting and sustaining park-based physical activity across diverse communities. C1 [Larson, Lincoln] Clemson Univ, Dept Pk Recreat & Tourism Management, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Whiting, Jason W.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Recreat Adm, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Green, Gary T.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bowker, J. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. RP Larson, L (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Pk Recreat & Tourism Management, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. EM LRL66@cornell.edu NR 94 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 9 PU NATL RECREATION PARK ASSOC PI ASHBURN PA 22377 BELMONT RIDGE RD, ASHBURN, VA 20148-4501 USA SN 0022-2216 EI 2159-6417 J9 J LEISURE RES JI J. Leis. Res. PY 2014 VL 46 IS 5 BP 540 EP 562 PG 23 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA AT8PB UT WOS:000345193700003 ER PT J AU Bennett, S Al-Chokhachy, R Roper, BB Budy, P AF Bennett, Stephen Al-Chokhachy, Robert Roper, Brett B. Budy, Phaedra TI Annual Variation of Spawning Cutthroat Trout in a Small Western USA Stream: A Case Study with Implications for the Conservation of Potamodromous Trout Life History Diversity SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI-BOUVIERI; ADFLUVIAL BULL TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; RIVER-BASIN; REDD COUNTS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; YELLOWSTONE RIVER; BEAVER PONDS; NATIVE TROUT; VITAL-RATES AB Little is known about the variability in the spatial and temporal distribution of spawning potamodromous trout despite decades of research directed at salmonid spawning ecology and the increased awareness that conserving life history diversity should be a focus of management. We monitored a population of fluvial-resident Bonneville Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii utah in a tributary to the Logan River, Utah, from 2006 to 2012 to gain insight into the distribution and timing of spawning and what factors may influence these spawning activities. We monitored Bonneville Cutthroat Trout using redd surveys with multiple observers and georeferenced redd locations. We documented an extended spawning period that lasted from late April to mid-July. The onset, median, and end of spawning was best predicted by the mean maximum water temperature during the first 13 weeks of the year (F = 130. 4, df = 5, R-2 = 0.96, P < 0.0001) with spawning beginning and ending earlier in years that had warmer water temperatures prior to spawning. The distribution of redds was clumped each year and the relative density of redds was greater in a reach dominated by dams constructed by beavers Castor canadensis. Both dam failure and construction appeared to be responsible for creating new spawning habitat that was quickly occupied, demonstrating rapid temporal response to local habitat changes. Bonneville Cutthroat Trout appeared to establish and defend a redd for up to 2 d, and spawning most often occurred between similar-sized individuals. Spawning surveys for potamodromous trout are an underutilized tool that could be used to better understand the distribution and timing of spawning as well as determine the size and trends of the reproducing portion of populations of management concern. Without efforts to document the diversity of this important aspect of potamodromous trout life history, prioritization of conservation will be problematic. C1 [Bennett, Stephen] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Al-Chokhachy, Robert] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Roper, Brett B.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Bennett, S (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM bennett.ecological@gmail.com FU U.S. Forest Service (USFS) Fish and Ecology Unit; USFS Logan Ranger District Office; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; Watershed Sciences Department of Utah State University; U.S. Geological Survey FX Our research was supported by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) Fish and Ecology Unit, the USFS Logan Ranger District Office, the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, the Watershed Sciences Department of Utah State University, and the U.S. Geological Survey (in kind). We thank the assistance of Jared Randall, Sara Seidel, Erika Tillotson, and Colin Cook for their help conducting redd surveys, and Ryan Lokteff and Martha Jensen for GIS assistance. This paper was greatly improved by comments provided by Joe Wheaton, Jeff Kershner, Bob Gresswell, and two anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 79 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2014 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1033 EP 1046 DI 10.1080/02755947.2014.938139 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AT3AS UT WOS:000344807700016 ER PT S AU Vanderbilt, VC Daughtry, CST Biehl, LL AF Vanderbilt, V. C. Daughtry, C. S. T. Biehl, L. L. BE Chenault, DB Goldstein, DH TI Is there spectral variation in the polarized reflectance of leaves? SO POLARIZATION: MEASUREMENT, ANALYSIS, AND REMOTE SENSING XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization - Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing XI CY MAY 05-06, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Leaf reflectance; polarization; hyperspectral polarization; quasi specular reflection; leaf cuticle; bidirectional reflectance factor BRF AB The light scattered by plant canopies depends in part on the light scattering/absorbing properties of the leaves and is key to understanding the remote sensing process in the optical domain. Here we specifically looked for evidence of fine spectral detail in the polarized portion of the light reflected from the individual leaves of five species of plants measured at Brewsters angle over the wavelength range 450 to 2300nm. Our results show no strong, unambiguous evidence of narrow band spectral variation of the polarized portion of the reflectance factor. C1 [Vanderbilt, V. C.] NASA ARC, MS 245-4, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Daughtry, C. S. T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Biehl, L. L.] Purdue Univ, Informat Technol Purdue ITaP, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Vanderbilt, VC (reprint author), NASA ARC, MS 245-4, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-036-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9099 AR UNSP 909916 DI 10.1117/12.2051092 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6TX UT WOS:000345017900029 ER PT J AU Londo, JP Garris, AJ AF Londo, J. P. Garris, A. J. TI Genetic and protein sequence variation of CBF1-4 in cold hardy wild grapevine germplasm SO VITIS LA English DT Article DE C-Repeat Binding Factor; VCBF4; wild grapevine; cold stress resistance; genetic variation ID ARABIDOPSIS; DROUGHT; FAMILY; VITIS; CBF4 AB Grapevine (Yids vinifera) production is limited by a wide array of abiotic stresses including cold, drought, and salinity stresses. The regulation of stress response genes under these conditions is very complex but a common and essential component of the gene network is the C-Repeat Binding Factor (CBF) genes. Four unique CBF genes have been described in grapevine to date and gene or protein level variation may help explain differences in stress resistance phenotypes in grapevine. This study was conducted to evaluate the level of genetic diversity found at these genes in different wild grapevine species as well as in a panel of cultivated grapevine varieties. Examination of the genetic variation at the four CBF genes in grapevine revealed high sequence variation with many different alleles in wild and cultivated grape. However, predicted protein sequence variation of the different genes revealed a different pattern. Vitis CBF genes 1, 2, and 3, which play roles in the stress response to many different stresses, were seen to have high levels of protein sequence variation. In contrast, VCBF4, which is induced by cold, was seen to have very little variation across all wild and cultivated grapevine samples. This contrasting pattern between different gene family members suggests an essential role of VCBF4 in grapevine as the protein sequence is highly conserved between wild North American grapevine species and cultivated varieties. C1 [Londo, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Londo, J. P.] Cornell Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Hort, Geneva, NY USA. [Garris, A. J.] Cornell Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Commun, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Londo, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, 308 Sturtevant Hall, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM jason.londo@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-AIRS CRIS at the Grape Genetics Research Unit [1910-21220-006-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-AIRS CRIS#1910-21220-006-00D at the Grape Genetics Research Unit. We thank K. Deys for assistance in sample preparation and DNA sequencing. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU JKI-INSTITUT REBENZUCHTUNG PI SIEBELDINGEN PA GEILWEILERHOF, D-76833 SIEBELDINGEN, GERMANY SN 0042-7500 J9 VITIS JI Vitis PY 2014 VL 53 IS 4 BP 201 EP 206 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AT7HF UT WOS:000345106600005 ER PT S AU Wu, ML Cheng, HN Shah, S Rich, R AF Wu, Marinda Li Cheng, H. N. Shah, Sadiq Rich, Robert BE Cheng, HN Shah, S Wu, ML TI Career Challenges and Opportunities in the Global Chemistry Enterprise SO CAREERS, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, AND DIVERSITY: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE GLOBAL CHEMISTRY ENTERPRISE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc AB This chapter serves as an overview of the various career challenges and opportunities faced by chemistry professionals in the 21st century in the global chemistry enterprise. One goal is to highlight a broad spectrum of career paths, including non-traditional careers, and to showcase examples of chemists who have successfully followed these paths. Successful examples of entrepreneurship by chemistry professionals are also shared as one of many different career advancement opportunities to explore. All of these career paths use chemistry or a scientific background and analytical problem-solving skills to organize information, identify creative solutions, and make meaningful contributions to society. Another goal is to cover topics on diversity in the workplace as it relates to these paths. Included in this article are global employment trends and services that the American Chemical Society offers to help chemists to search for jobs and to manage their careers. C1 [Wu, Marinda Li; Rich, Robert] Amer Chem Soc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Cheng, H. N.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Shah, Sadiq] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. EM marindawu@gmail.com; hn.cheng@ars.usda.gov; sadiq@utpa.edu; r_rich@acs.org NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2970-9 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1169 BP 1 EP 28 PG 28 WC Business; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education & Educational Research SC Business & Economics; Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA BB6EF UT WOS:000344714400001 ER PT B AU Jackson, CR Thompson, JA Kolka, RK AF Jackson, C. Rhett Thompson, James A. Kolka, Randall K. BE Batzer, DP Sharitz, RR TI Wetland Soils, Hydrology, and Geomorphology SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER AND ESTUARINE WETLANDS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Jackson, C. Rhett] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Thompson, James A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Jackson, CR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95911-8; 978-0-520-27858-5 PY 2014 BP 23 EP 60 PG 38 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BB6DM UT WOS:000344693900003 ER PT J AU Brooks, NE Cadena, SM Cloutier, G Vega-Lopez, S Roubenoff, R Castaneda-Sceppa, C AF Brooks, Naomi E. Cadena, Samuel M. Cloutier, Gregory Vega-Lopez, Sonia Roubenoff, Ronenn Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen TI Influence of Exercise on the Metabolic Profile Caused by 28 days of Bed Rest with Energy Deficit and Amino Acid Supplementation in Healthy Men SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE resistance training; essential amino acids; energy deficit; metabolic profile ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; HYPOCALORIC NUTRITION; PHYSICAL INACTIVITY; CALORIC RESTRICTION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; SIZE; SPACEFLIGHT AB Objective Muscle loss and metabolic changes occur with disuse [i.e. bed rest (BR)]. We hypothesized that BR would lead to a metabolically unhealthy profile defined by: increased circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, decreased circulating insulin-like-growth-factor (IGF)-1, decreased HDL-cholesterol, and decreased muscle density (MD; measured by mid-thigh computerized tomography). Methods We investigated the metabolic profile after 28 days of BR with 8+/-6% energy deficit in male individuals (30-55 years) randomized to resistance exercise with amino acid supplementation (RT, n=24) or amino acid supplementation alone (EAA, n=7). Upper and lower body exercises were performed in the horizontal position. Blood samples were taken at baseline, after 28 days of BR and 14 days of recovery. Results We found a shift toward a metabolically unfavourable profile after BR [compared to baseline (BLN)] in both groups as shown by decreased HDL-cholesterol levels (EAA: BLN: 39+/-4 vs. BR: 32+/-2 mg/dL, RT: BLN: 39+/-1 vs. BR: 32+/-1 mg/dL; p<0.001) and Low MD (EAA: BLN: 27+/-4 vs. BR: 22+/-3 cm(2), RT: BLN: 28+/-2 vs. BR: 23+/-2 cm(2); p<0.001). A healthier metabolic profile was maintained with exercise, including NormalMD (EAA: BLN: 124+/-6 vs. BR: 110+/-5 cm(2), RT: BLN: 132+/- 3 vs. BR: 131+/-4 cm(2); p<0.001, time-by-group); although, exercise did not completely alleviate the unfavourable metabolic changes seen with BR. Interestingly, both groups had increased plasma IGF-1 levels (EAA: BLN: 168+/-22 vs. BR 213+/-20 ng/mL, RT: BLN: 180+/-10 vs. BR: 219+/-13 ng/mL; p<0.001) and neither group showed TNF alpha changes (p>0.05). Conclusions We conclude that RT can be incorporated to potentially offset the metabolic complications of BR. C1 [Brooks, Naomi E.] Univ Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Cadena, Samuel M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cloutier, Gregory; Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Vega-Lopez, Sonia] Arizona State Univ, Sch Nutr & Hlth Promot, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Roubenoff, Ronenn; Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Castaneda-Sceppa, C (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM c.sceppa@neu.edu FU National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI) [NCC9-58]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (ARS) [58-1950-9-001]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [M01 RR000054]; NIH [T32 DK62032-11] FX This study was presented in part at Experimental Biology, Boston, MA 2013. The authors are grateful to the study participants for their kind and valuable cooperation. We also thank undergraduate and graduate students from Tufts University, University of Massachusetts, and Northeastern University for their assistance with resistance exercise training and data collection. We thank the General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) and the Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Human Nutrition Research Center for Aging (HNRCA) staff for their help, and Shuttle 2000 Sports Health Equipment, for their assistance with the resistance training equipment. This work was supported by the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI; NCC9-58), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (ARS Agreement 58-1950-9-001), the National Institutes of Health (NIH; M01 RR000054). S. M. C was supported in part by the NIH (T32 DK62032-11). NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IVYSPRING INT PUBL PI LAKE HAVEN PA PO BOX 4546, LAKE HAVEN, NSW 2263, AUSTRALIA SN 1449-1907 J9 INT J MED SCI JI Int. J. Med. Sci. PY 2014 VL 11 IS 12 BP 1248 EP 1257 DI 10.7150/ijms.9694 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AT0PF UT WOS:000344637000006 PM 25317071 ER PT J AU Singh, SK Reddy, VR Fleisher, DH Timlin, DJ AF Singh, Shardendu K. Reddy, Vangimalla R. Fleisher, David H. Timlin, Dennis J. TI Growth, nutrient dynamics, and efficiency responses to carbon dioxide and phosphorus nutrition in soybean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE critical limit; nitrogen; nutrient utilization and uptake; N/P ratio; photosynthesis ID GLYCINE-MAX L; ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATIONS; ELEVATED CO2; NITRATE ASSIMILATION; LEAF SENESCENCE; SEED YIELD; PLANTS; NITROGEN; ENRICHMENT; COTTON AB Plant mineral nutrients such as phosphorus may exert major control on crop responses to the rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations. To evaluate the growth, nutrient dynamics, and efficiency responses to CO2 and phosphorus nutrition, soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) was grown in controlled environment growth chambers with sufficient (0.50 mM) and deficient (0.10 and 0.01 mM) phosphate (Pi) supply under ambient and elevated CO2 (aCO(2), 400 and eCO(2), 800 mu mol mol(-1), respectively). The CO2 x Pi interaction was detected for leaf area, leaf and stem dry weight, and total plant biomass. The severe decrease in plant biomass in Pi-deficient plants (10-76%) was associated with reduced leaf area and photosynthesis (P-net). The degree of growth stimulation (0-55% total biomass) by eCO(2) was dependent upon the severity of Pi deficiency and was closely associated with the increased phosphorus utilization efficiency. With the exception of leaf and root biomass, Pi deficiency decreased the biomass partitioning to other plant organs with the maximum decrease observed in seed weight (8-42%) across CO2 levels. The increased tissue nitrogen (N) concentration in Pi-deficient plants was accredited to the lower biomass and increased nutrient uptake due to the larger root to shoot ratio. The tissue P and N concentration tended to be lower at eCO(2) versus aCO(2) and did not appear to be the main cause of the lack of CO2 response of growth and P-net under severe Pi deficiency. The leaf N/P ratio of >16 was detrimental to soybean growth. The tissue P concentration needed to attain the maximum productivity for biomass and seed yield tended to be higher at eCO(2) versus aCO(2). Therefore, the eCO(2) is likely to increase the leaf critical P concentration for maximum biomass productivity and yield in soybean. C1 [Singh, Shardendu K.; Reddy, Vangimalla R.; Fleisher, David H.; Timlin, Dennis J.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Singh, Shardendu K.] Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Singh, SK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM shardendu.singh@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-9145 EI 1742-9153 J9 J PLANT INTERACT JI J. Plant Interact. PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 BP 838 EP 849 DI 10.1080/17429145.2014.959570 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7YN UT WOS:000345150700064 ER PT J AU Hauptman, BS Barrows, FT Block, SS Gaylord, TG Paterson, JA Sealey, WM AF Hauptman, Blake S. Barrows, Frederic T. Block, Stephanie S. Gaylord, T. Gibson Paterson, John A. Sealey, Wendy M. TI Potential for a Mycotoxin Deactivator to Improve Growth and Performance of Rainbow Trout fed High Levels of an Ethanol Industry Co-Product, Grain Distiller's Dried Yeast SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID PLANT-BASED DIETS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; FISH-MEAL; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; FUMONISIN B-1; SUNSHINE BASS; SOYBEAN-MEAL; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Coproducts from the production of fuel ethanol may have the potential to be used as protein sources for Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss if dietary supplementation strategies that can maintain fish performance can be identified. A random sample of one such coproduct, grain distiller's dried yeast (GDDY), contained detectable levels of ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonsin B1, and fumonsin B3. Therefore, the goal of this study was to test whether growth performance of Rainbow Trout fed GDDY could be improved by dietary supplementation of a mycotoxin deactivator (Mycofix Plus). The study was conducted as a 2 x 3 factorial design in which there were two levels of mycotoxin deactivator (0.1% or 0%) and three levels of GDDY inclusion (0, 15, and 30%). All diets were formulated to include 42% digestible protein and 20% crude lipid and were balanced for lysine, methionine, threonine, and total phosphorus. Juvenile Rainbow Trout (average initial body weight, 26.4 +/- 0.9 g [mean +/- SD]) were stocked at 15 fish per tank, three replicates per diet, and were fed twice daily for 12 weeks. Grain distiller's dried yeast inclusion at 15% and 30% of the diet reduced the growth of Rainbow Trout (P = 0.0010). In contrast, no significant differences in feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed for Rainbow Trout fed diets having the 0% and 15% GDDY inclusion levels. However, increased feed intake (P = 0.0002) and FCR (P = 0.0002) were observed in Rainbow Trout fed the 30% GDDY diet. Only minor trends of increased fish growth (P = 0.0773) and protein (P = 0.0527) and energy (P = 0.0538) retention were observed when mycotoxin deactivator was supplemented regardless of yeast inclusion. These results suggest that there are minor benefits of myctoxin deactivator supplementation to Rainbow Trout diets where mycotoxin contamination may be suspected but was independent of GDDY inclusion level. C1 [Hauptman, Blake S.; Gaylord, T. Gibson; Sealey, Wendy M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Hauptman, Blake S.; Paterson, John A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Barrows, Frederic T.] USDA ARS, Trout Grains Project, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Block, Stephanie S.] Archer Daniels Midland Res, Decatur, IL 62521 USA. RP Sealey, WM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. EM wendy_sealey@fws.gov NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2014 VL 76 IS 4 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1080/15222055.2014.902891 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AT2AD UT WOS:000344732100001 ER PT S AU Cao, XM Feng, YM Wang, JL Gao, ZQ Ning, JC Gao, W AF Cao Xiaoming Feng Yiming Wang Juanle Gao, Zhiqiang Ning, Jicai Gao, Wei BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI The study of the spatio-temporal changes of drought in the Mongolian Plateau in 40 years based on TVDI SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE drought assessment; Ts-NDVI space; the Mongolian plateau; TVDI ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION INDEX AB This paper presents a new drought assessment method by modifying the NDVI-Ts space, which named NDVI-Ts general space. Based on this method, the general dry side and wet side equation were established for the period of 1981 and 2010 in the Mongolian Plateau. The results showed that: 1) the NDVI-Ts general space was more stable for monitoring drought than that for the single time Remote Sensing data; 2) TVDI was lower in the areas with high latitude, high vegetation cover, well-growing vegetation, which indicated higher soil moisture. 3) The dry level area was the largest one, and the normal area was the second largest, the wet level area was the third, the extremely dry and extremely wet area was the least. 4) The results showed that the fluctuated area mainly occurred in the normal level and the dry level, the extremely wet level, the wet level and extremely dry level basically remained unchanged. It may be explored that, the aridification became more serious in the 1981 - 2012, the area transformation mainly occurred between the normal level and dry level. C1 [Gao, Zhiqiang; Ning, Jicai] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Cao Xiaoming; Feng Yiming] China Acad Forestry, Inst Desertificat Studies, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Wang Juanle] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustainabil, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. EM gaoland@gmail.com NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 92210X DI 10.1117/12.2059062 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600022 ER PT S AU Gao, ZQ Ning, JC Gao, W AF Gao, Zhiqiang Ning, Jicai Gao, Wei BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI The Grain Production Potential Assessment With Multiple Cropping Index (MCI) in China SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE China; Time Series Data; MCI; Change of Cropland; Grain Production Potential AB This paper retrieved the information of cropland and MCI (Multiple Cropping Index) of China in 2000 and 2009 with SPOT NDVI time series data and utilized meteorological data and statistical data released by the state to calculate potential MCI and statistical MCI. Then, the MCI potential of China and grain production potential based on MCI were calculated in order to analyze the potential spatial distribution characteristics of MCI and the potential spatial pattern characteristics. The national mean MCI potentials in 2000 and 2009 are 0.485 and 0.506 respectively calculated with the remote sensing method and statistical method. And the grain productivity potentials of China based on MCI are 51% and 53% respectively. The improvement of MCI potential not only increases hydrothermal utilization rate and the utilization rate of cropland but also enormously enhances the food security degree of China and provides more available cropland area for the economic development. C1 [Gao, Zhiqiang; Ning, Jicai] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustainabil, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. EM zqgao@yic.ac.cn FU Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334]; Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research [Y254021031, Y355031061]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX The author are grateful for the support from Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZD-EW-14), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41171334), Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project (Y254021031,Y355031061), and USDA NIFA Project ( 2010-34263-21075) NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 922116 DI 10.1117/12.2058304 PG 5 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600029 ER PT S AU Gao, ZQ Wang, TT Ning, JC Gao, W AF Gao, Zhiqiang Wang, Tingting Ning, Jicai Gao, Wei BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI The Responses of Vegetation Water Content (EWT) Along a Coastal Region using Remote Sensing` SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Equivalent Water Thickness (EWT); Land Surface Parameters; Remote Sensing; Responses ID SPECTRAL INDEX; REFLECTANCE AB This paper retrieved the vegetation water content EWT (equivalent water thickness) information and the relevant parameters for the land surface from full-band TM remote sensing data. The effects of surface water heat flux and surface covering on the EWT were analyzed via studies of the regional land cover status and the combined EWT with land surface parameters. This paper also analyzed the roles and limitations of EWT in drought monitoring combined with classification of the regional drought and regional water stress index (RWSI). C1 [Gao, Zhiqiang; Ning, Jicai] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Wang, Tingting] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustainabil, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. EM zqgao@yic.ac.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334]; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project [Y254021031, Y355031061]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX The author are grateful for the support from Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences( KZZD-EW-14), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41171334), Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project ( Y254021031, Y355031061), and USDA NIFA Project (2010-34263-21075). NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 92210H DI 10.1117/12.2058302 PG 5 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600012 ER PT S AU Lu, QS Gao, ZQ Ning, JC Bi, XL Gao, W AF Lu Qingshui Gao Zhiqiang Ning Jicai Bi Xiaoli Gao Wei BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI Nuclear Power Plants in China's Coastal Zone: Risk and Safety SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Nuclear power plant; coastal zone; risk; safety AB Nuclear power plants are used as an option to meet the demands for electricity due to the low emission of CO2 and other contaminants. The accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in 2011 has forced the Chinese government to adjust its original plans for nuclear power. The construction of inland nuclear power plants was stopped, and construction is currently only permitted in coastal zones. However, one obstacle of those plants is that the elevation of those plants is notably low, ranging from 2 to 9 meters and a number of the nuclear power plants are located in or near geological fault zones. In addition, the population density is very high in the coastal zones of China. To reduce those risks of nuclear power plants, central government should close the nuclear power plants within the fault zones, evaluate the combined effects of storm surges, inland floods and tidal waves on nuclear power plants and build closed dams around nuclear power plants to prevent damage from storm surges and tidal waves. The areas without fault zones and with low elevation should be considered to be possible sites for future nuclear power plants if the elevation can be increased using soil or civil materials. C1 [Lu Qingshui; Gao Zhiqiang; Ning Jicai; Bi Xiaoli] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone, Yantai 264003, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Gao Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustainabil, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Lu, QS (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone, Yantai 264003, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM qslu@yic.ac.cn FU Science and Technology Project of Yantai [Y233021021]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41071278, 41171334]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14]; National Science and Technology [2014FY210600]; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Ecological Innovation [Y254021031, Y355031061]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX This work is funded by the Science and Technology Project of Yantai (Y233021021), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41071278 and 41171334), Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZD-EW-14), the National Science and Technology Support Program ( 2014FY210600), the Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Ecological Innovation and Breeding Project ( Y254021031, Y355031061) and the USDA NIFA Project ( 2010-34263-21075). NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 92210V DI 10.1117/12.2058425 PG 5 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600020 ER PT S AU Ning, JC Gao, ZQ Zhang, WJ Shi, RH Gao, W AF Ning, Jicai Gao, Zhiqiang Zhang, Wenjiang Shi, Runhe Gao, Wai BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI Spatial discretization of distributed hydrological response units for SWAT SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE SWAT; HRU Spatial Discretization; Runoff lag; Taihu Lake basin AB The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a well established eco-hydrologic model. For the semi-distributed hydrological model, Hydrological Response Units (HRUs) are the basic modeling units, which are defined by land use, soil and slope. Land surface patches within one Hydrological Response Units (HRUs) should bear identical hydrological properties (including land use, soil, slope and management) and thus have similar hydrological responses. However, it is difficult to determinate the spatial locations and to describe the interactions between different HRUs. This study proposed one schema to discretize HRUs for SWAT on the basis of generalized data input. Within a small watershed of Taihu Basin, the data of land use and soil were generalized for discretizing SWAT HRUs. The SWAT model was modified with the discretized HRUs. The resulted showed that the SWAT improved by discretization schema could be more sensitive the runoff lag process and thus achieved better simulation accuracy. C1 [Ning, Jicai; Gao, Zhiqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Shi, Runhe; Gao, Wai] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Zhang, Wenjiang] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610004, Peoples R China. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. EM gaoland@gmail.com FU Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334, 41071278]; Ecological Innovation & Breeding Projec [Y254021031, 355031061]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075]; Shandong province information technology and industrialization [2012EI032] FX The author are grateful for the support from Natural Science Foundation of China ( 41171334, 41071278), Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project ( Y254021031,355031061) and USDA NIFA project ( 2010-34263-21075), Special research topics of Shandong province information technology and industrialization ( 2012EI032). NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 922105 DI 10.1117/12.2058303 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600003 ER PT S AU Wang, QX Gao, ZQ Ning, JC Wang, Y Gao, W AF Wang, Qiuxian Gao, Zhiqiang Ning, Jicai Wang, Ye Gao, Wei BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI Analysis on the Balance Between Supply and Demand of Crop Land in Yantai City of China in 2020 SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Land; balance between land supply and demand; Analysis; 2020; Yantai AB With the fast development of economy and urbanization, the phenomenon of city construction occupying Cropland often happens. As the contradiction between human and land becomes more prominent, the contradiction between the supply and demand of the cropland are more radical in Yantai City of China. Analysis on the balance between supply and demand of cropland is the main basis to determine land use objectives, and also the basis of editing land use planning. In this paper, the authors firstly calculated the potential of cropland supply in Yantai for 2020 according to its current number of the cropland and the potential quantity of other kinds of land changing to the cropland, and then calculated the demand for cropland in 2020 with the methods of the population prediction and its national economic development planning. Then the balance between the supply and demand of cropland was analyzed. The results were that the cropland in Yantai city in 2020 were lower than those of its demand. At last, to relieve the contradiction, the authors tried to put forward some recommendations like optimizing the structure to coordinate the balance between the supply and demand of the cropland etc. to realize its regional sustainable development. C1 [Wang, Qiuxian; Gao, Zhiqiang; Ning, Jicai] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Wang, Qiuxian] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wang, Ye] Ludong Univ, Inst Geog & Planning, Yantai 264025, Peoples R China. RP Wang, QX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. EM qiuxianpw@163.com FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14]; National Science and Technology [2014FY210600]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334]; Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research [Y254021031, Y355031061]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX The authors are grateful for the support from Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZD-EW-14), the National Science and Technology Support Program (2014FY210600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41171334), the Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, the Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project (Y254021031, Y355031061) and the USDA NIFA Project (2010-34263-21075). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 922114 DI 10.1117/12.2062823 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600028 ER PT S AU Wang, TT Gao, ZQ Ning, JC AF Wang, Tingting Gao, Zhiqiang Ning, Jicai BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI Research on construction of Web 3D-GIS based on Skyline SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Web GIS; 3D GIS; Skyline AB This paper further studies the construction, publishing and display of three-dimensional (3D) scenes and their implementation based on Skyline family of software, combining remote sensing images and DEM data. Among them, the SketchUp software is used to build landscape models and the JavaScript programming language is adopted to achieve web browsing of 3D scenes. The study provides a useful exploration for the establishment of Web 3D-GIS combining Web GIS technology and 3D visualization technology. C1 [Wang, Tingting] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Ning, Jicai] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustainabil, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Wang, TT (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM wangtt_9955@126.com FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14]; National Science and Technology [2014FY210600]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334]; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project [Y254021031, Y355031061]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX The author are grateful for the support from Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences( KZZD-EW-14), the National Science and Technology Support Program ( 2014FY210600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 41171334), the Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, the Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project ( Y254021031, Y355031061) and the USDA NIFA Project ( 2010-34263-21075). NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 92210I DI 10.1117/12.2058581 PG 5 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600013 ER PT S AU Xu, MZ Gao, ZQ Ning, JC AF Xu, Mingzhu Gao, Zhiqiang Ning, Jicai BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI Geoscience Information Integration and Visualization Research of Shandong Province, China Based on ArcGIS Engine SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE GIS; geoscience data; geodatabase; ArcGIS Engine; data management system AB To improve the access efficiency of geoscience data, efficient data model and storage solutions should be used. Geoscience data is usually classified by format or coordinate system in existing storage solutions. When data is large, it is not conducive to search the geographic features. In this study, a geographical information integration system of Shandong province, China was developed based on the technology of ArcGIS Engine,. NET, and SQL Server. It uses Geodatabase spatial data model and ArcSDE to organize and store spatial and attribute data and establishes geoscience database of Shangdong. Seven function modules were designed: map browse, database and subject management, layer control, map query, spatial analysis and map symbolization. The system's characteristics of can be browsed and managed by geoscience subjects make the system convenient for geographic researchers and decision-making departments to use the data. C1 [Xu, Mingzhu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Ning, Jicai] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiqiang] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustainabil, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Xu, MZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM xumzhu@gmail.com FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-14]; National Science and Technology [2014FY210600]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171334]; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research; Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project [Y254021031, Y355031061]; USDA NIFA [2010-34263-21075] FX The author are grateful for the support from Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZD-EW-14), the National Science and Technology Support Program ( 2014FY210600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41171334), the Talent Fund of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, the Ecological Innovation & Breeding Project ( Y254021031, Y355031061) and the USDA NIFA Project ( 2010-34263-21075). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 92210P DI 10.1117/12.2058426 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600016 ER PT S AU Dhakal, S Peng, YK Li, YY Chao, KL Qin, JW Zhang, LL Xu, TF AF Dhakal, Sagar Peng, Yankun Li, Yongyu Chao, Kuanglin Qin, Jianwei Zhang, Leilei Xu, Tianfeng BE Kim, MS Chao, K TI Rapid detection of chlorpyrifos pesticide residue concentration in agro-product using Raman spectroscopy SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Gala apple; chlorpyrifos pesticide; SG; MSC; polynomial fitting; Raman spectroscopy ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FRUITS; ORGANOPHOSPHATE; CARBAMATE AB Different chemicals are sprayed in fruits and vegetables before and after harvest for better yield and longer shelf-life of crops. Cases of pesticide poisoning to human health are regularly reported due to excessive application of such chemicals for greater economic benefit. Different analytical technologies exist to detect trace amount of pesticides in fruits and vegetables, but are expensive, sample destructive, and require longer processing time. This study explores the application of Raman spectroscopy for rapid and non-destructive detection of pesticide residue in agricultural products. Raman spectroscopy with laser module of 785 nm was used to collect Raman spectral information from the surface of Gala apples contaminated with different concentrations of commercially available organophosphorous (48% chlorpyrifos) pesticide. Apples within 15 days of harvest from same orchard were used in this study. The Raman spectral signal was processed by Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter for noise removal, Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) for drift removal and finally polynomial fitting was used to eliminate the fluorescence background. The Raman spectral peak at 677 cm(-1) was recognized as Raman fingerprint of chlorpyrifos. Presence of Raman peak at 677 cm(-1) after fluorescence background removal was used to develop classification model (presence and absence of pesticide). The peak intensity was correlated with actual pesticide concentration obtained using Gas Chromatography and MLR prediction model was developed with correlation coefficient of calibration and validation of 0.86 and 0.81 respectively. Result shows that Raman spectroscopy is a promising tool for rapid, real-time and non-destructive detection of pesticide residue in agro-products. C1 [Dhakal, Sagar; Peng, Yankun; Li, Yongyu; Zhang, Leilei; Xu, Tianfeng] China Agr Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Agroproc Equipment, 17 Qinghua E Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Chao, Kuanglin; Qin, Jianwei] USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dhakal, S (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Agroproc Equipment, 17 Qinghua E Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM ypeng@cau.edu.cn FU National Key Technology R D Program [2013BAD19B02]; Special Fund for Agro- scientific Research in the Public Interest [201003008] FX The authors wish to thank the National Key Technology R& D Program ( Project No. 2013BAD19B02) and the Special Fund for Agro- scientific Research in the Public Interest ( Project No. 201003008), China, for providing funding support for this research. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-045-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9108 AR UNSP 91080O DI 10.1117/12.2050137 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6UN UT WOS:000345037300012 ER PT S AU Everard, CD Kim, MS Lee, H AF Everard, Colm D. Kim, Moon S. Lee, Hoyoung BE Kim, MS Chao, K TI Hyperspectral Fluorescence Imaging coupled with Multivariate Image Analysis Techniques for Contaminant Screening of Leafy Greens SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Contaminant; leafy greens; hyperspectral fluorescence imaging; multivariate image analysis AB The production of contaminant free fresh fruit and vegetables is needed to reduce foodborne illnesses and related costs. Leafy greens grown in the field can be susceptible to fecal matter contamination from uncontrolled livestock and wild animals entering the field. Pathogenic bacteria can be transferred via fecal matter and several outbreaks of E. coli O157:H7 have been associated with the consumption of leafy greens. This study examines the use of hyperspectral fluorescence imaging coupled with multivariate image analysis to detect fecal contamination on Spinach leaves (Spinacia oleracea). Hyperspectral fluorescence images from 464 to 800 nm were captured; ultraviolet excitation was supplied by two LED-based line light sources at 370 nm. Key wavelengths and algorithms useful for a contaminant screening optical imaging device were identified and developed, respectively. A non-invasive screening device has the potential to reduce the harmful consequences of foodborne illnesses. C1 [Everard, Colm D.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biosyst Engn, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Kim, Moon S.; Lee, Hoyoung] USDA ARS, US Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Everard, CD (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biosyst Engn, Dublin 4, Ireland. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-045-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9108 AR UNSP 91080A DI 10.1117/12.2051074 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6UN UT WOS:000345037300004 ER PT S AU Qin, JW Chao, KL Kim, MS AF Qin, Jianwei Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. BE Kim, MS Chao, K TI High-throughput Raman Chemical Imaging for Evaluating Food Safety and Quality SO SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Raman spectroscopy; Chemical imaging; Line laser; Milk; Food safety ID SPECTROSCOPY; ILLUMINATION AB A line-scan hyperspectral system was developed to enable Raman chemical imaging for large sample areas. A custom-designed 785 nm line-laser based on a scanning mirror serves as an excitation source. A 45 degrees dichroic beamsplitter reflects the laser light to form a 24 cm x 1 mm excitation line normally incident on the sample surface. Raman signals along the laser line are collected by a detection module consisting of a dispersive imaging spectrograph and a CCD camera. A hypercube is accumulated line by line as a motorized table moves the samples transversely through the laser line. The system covers a Raman shift range of -648.7-2889.0 cm(-1) and a 23 cm wide area. An example application, for authenticating milk powder, was presented to demonstrate the system performance. In four minutes, the system acquired a 512x110x1024 hypercube (56,320 spectra) from four 47-mm-diameter Petri dishes containing four powder samples. Chemical images were created for detecting two adulterants (melamine and dicyandiamide) that had been mixed into the milk powder. C1 [Qin, Jianwei; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Qin, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jianwei.qin@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-045-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9108 AR 91080F DI 10.1117/12.2050531 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6UN UT WOS:000345037300006 ER PT J AU Miller, GL Jensen, AS Metz, MA Parmenter, RR AF Miller, Gary L. Jensen, Andrew S. Metz, Mark A. Parmenter, Robert R. TI A new species of Atheroides Haliday (Hemiptera, Aphididae) native to North America SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Valles Caldera National Preserve; Nearctic; cladistics; new species; Atheroides; Aphididae; Chaitophorinae; Siphini ID CHAITOPHORINAE AB We report and describe the first species of Atheroides Haliday presumed to be native to North America, collected at the Valles Caldera National Preserve, New Mexico, USA. We hypothesize its placement among the Siphini based on morphological, phylogenetic analysis and extend the distribution of the genus to the Holoarctic. We expand the key of the known Atheroides to include the new species and discuss the current hypotheses of the geographic distribution of the type species, Atheroides serrulatus Haliday. C1 [Miller, Gary L.; Metz, Mark A.] USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jensen, Andrew S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Parmenter, Robert R.] Valles Caldera Natl Preserve USDA, Sci Serv Div, Jemez Springs, NM USA. RP Miller, GL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary.miller@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 452 BP 35 EP 50 DI 10.3897/zookeys.452.8089 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AT0SD UT WOS:000344644300003 PM 25493053 ER PT J AU Reinhart, KO Anacker, BL AF Reinhart, Kurt O. Anacker, Brian L. TI More closely related plants have more distinct mycorrhizal communities SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article DE Functional complementarity; host identity; mixed-grass prairie; mycorrhizal community structure; niche partitioning; phylogenetic host specificity; phylogenetic signal; plant-soil (below-ground) interactions ID NATIVE GRASSLAND; MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS; FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; HOST-SPECIFICITY; SOIL; ESTABLISHMENT; CONSERVATISM; FACILITATION; ASSEMBLAGES; COEXISTENCE AB Neighbouring plants are known to vary from having similar to dissimilar arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities. One possibility is that closely related plants have more similar AMF communities than more distantly related plants, an indication of phylogenetic host specificity. Here, we investigated the structure of AMF communities among dominant grassland plants at three sites in the Northern Great Plains to test whether the pairwise phylogenetic distance among plant species was correlated with pairwise AMF community dissimilarity. For eight dominant and co-occurring grassland plant species, we reconstructed a phylogeny based on DNA data and characterized the AMF communities of their roots at each site. Community analyses revealed that AMF communities varied among sites and among plant species. Contrary to expectations for phylogenetic host specificity, we found that within a site more closely related plants had more distinct AMF communities despite their having similar phenologies. Associations with unique AMF communities may enhance the functional complementarity of related species and promote their coexistence. C1 [Reinhart, Kurt O.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Anacker, Brian L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Reinhart, KO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM kurt.reinhart@ars.usda.gov FU National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program, through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation FX This research was made possible in part through a grant to K.O.R. from the National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program, a partnership between the National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program, funded through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation helping form a partnership between the National Park Service, the Ecological Society of America and the National Park Foundation. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2014 VL 6 AR plu051 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plu051 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AS4JS UT WOS:000344242100026 ER PT J AU Tisserat, B Reifschneider, L Nunez, JCL Hughes, SR Selling, G Finkenstadt, VL AF Tisserat, Brent Reifschneider, Louis Lopez Nunez, Juan Carlos Hughes, Stephen R. Selling, Gordon Finkenstadt, Victoria L. TI Evaluation of the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Coffee Tree Wood Flour - Polypropylene Composites SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Mechanical properties; Flexural properties; Differential scanning calorimetry; Thermal properties; Injection molding ID HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; FLEXURAL PROPERTIES; PLASTIC COMPOSITES; POLY(LACTIC ACID); COUPLING AGENT; WATER-UPTAKE; EXTRUSION; TEMPERATURE; MOISTURE; BEHAVIOR AB Columbian coffee trees are subject to frequent replacement plantings due to disease and local climate changes, which makes them an ideal source of wood fibers for wood plastic composites (WPC). Composites of polypropylene (PP) consisting of 25% and 40% by weight of coffee wood flour (CF) and 0% or 5% by weight of maleated PP (MAPP) were produced by twin screw compounding and injection molding. Composites containing MAPP had significantly improved tensile and flexural properties compared to neat PP or composites without MAPP. Excellent mechanical properties were obtained with CF relative to conventional wood fillers. IZOD impact resistances of CF composites were significantly lower than neat PP although WPC containing MAPP were superior to WPC without MAPP. Bio-based fiber composites made by mixing CF in equal portions with other fiber sources were evaluated to determine the compatibility of using CF with other sources of filler materials. Soaking of tensile bars of the various CF blends in distilled water for 35 days may alter their mechanical properties and result in weight gain. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis were conducted on the neat PP and biocomposites to evaluate their thermal properties as they relate to potential degradation during conventional thermoplastic resin processing. C1 [Tisserat, Brent] ARS, Funct Food Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Reifschneider, Louis] Illinois State Univ, Coll Appl Sci & Technol, Dept Technol, Normal, IL 61790 USA. [Lopez Nunez, Juan Carlos] Natl Federat Colombian Coffee Growers, Bogota, Colombia. [Hughes, Stephen R.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Selling, Gordon; Finkenstadt, Victoria L.] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Tisserat, B (reprint author), ARS, Funct Food Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Brent.Tisserat@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 4449 EP 4467 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AS3NG UT WOS:000344184300059 ER PT J AU Yilgor, N Kose, C Terzi, E Figen, AK Ibach, R Kartal, SN Piskin, S AF Yilgor, Nural Kose, Coskun Terzi, Evren Figen, Aysel Kanturk Ibach, Rebecca Kartal, S. Nami Piskin, Sabriye TI Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak (R) Packaging Materials SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Tetra Pak (R) packages; Decay resistance; Weathering; Fire resistance; FT-IR; Zinc borate; Moisture sorption; Grinding with nitrogen ID WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; WATER-ABSORPTION; CARDBOARD PANELS; BEVERAGE CARTON; VENEER OVERLAY; ALUMINUM; FTIR AB Manufacturing panels from Tetra Pak (R) (TP) packaging material might be an alternative to conventional wood-based panels. This study evaluated some chemical and physical properties as well as biological, weathering, and fire performance of panels with and without zinc borate (ZnB) by using shredded TP packaging cartons. Such packaging material, a worldwide well-known multilayer beverage packaging system, is composed of cellulose, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and aluminum (Al). Panels produced from waste TP packaging material were also examined by FT-IR to understand the fungal deterioration and extent of degradation after accelerated weathering. Before FT-IR investigations, panel specimens were ground under nitrogen atmosphere due to non-uniformity of the composite material. The FT-IR results showed that fungal degradation occurred in the natural polymer of the panel matrix. Although the natural polymer is mostly composed of cellulose, there were also small amounts of polyoses and lignin. It was seen that especially polyose and lignin bands in FT-IR spectra were affected more than cellulose bands by fungal attack. No changes were observed by the fungi in the plastic component (LDPE) of the matrix; however, LDPE seemed more sensitive to weathering than cellulose. Incorporation of ZnB at loading level of 1% (w/w) did not contribute fire performance of the panels when compared to control panel specimens, while a loading level of 10% improved fire performance considering test parameters such as mass loss, ignition time and peak heat release rate. C1 [Yilgor, Nural] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Prod Chem & Technol, T-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. [Kose, Coskun; Terzi, Evren; Kartal, S. Nami] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Biol & Wood Protect Technol, T-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. [Figen, Aysel Kanturk; Piskin, Sabriye] Yildiz Tekn Univ, Chem & Met Fac, T-34210 Istanbul, Turkey. [Ibach, Rebecca] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Yilgor, N (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Prod Chem & Technol, T-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. EM yilgorn@istanbul.edu.tr FU Coordination Unit for Scientific Research Projects, Istanbul University, Turkey [6408] FX The authors acknowledge financial support by the Coordination Unit for Scientific Research Projects, Istanbul University, Turkey (Project No: 6408). The authors also acknowledge YEKESAN, Izmir, Turkey for providing the TP packaging cartons. The authors sincerely appreciate USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, USA for laboratory facilities. The first findings of this study were partly presented at the International Conference on Recycling and Reuse, 4-6 June 2012, Istanbul, Turkey. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 4784 EP 4807 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AS3NG UT WOS:000344184300088 ER PT J AU Chen, Y Stark, NM Cai, ZY Frihart, CR Lorenz, LF Ibach, RE AF Chen, Yao Stark, Nicole M. Cai, Zhiyong Frihart, Charles R. Lorenz, Linda F. Ibach, Rebecca E. TI Chemical Modification of Kraft Lignin: Effect on Chemical and Thermal Properties SO BIORESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Kraft lignin; Organic anhydride; Esterification; Thermal stability; Composites ID ISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; WOOD; POLYPROPYLENE; COMPOSITES; STABILITY; POLYETHYLENE; ANHYDRIDES; FLAKEBOARD AB Esterified kraft lignins (KL) were prepared by reaction with maleic anhydride (MA), succinic anhydride (SA), and phthalic anhydride (PA) in acetone solutions. The esterified lignins were characterized using ATR-FTIR, solid state CP-MAS C-13 NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). PA modification resulted in the highest weight gain percent (WGP) when compared to MA and SA modifications. Spectroscopic analysis revealed decreases in hydroxyl content and increases in carbonyl (C = O) and ester groups of the modified KL as a result of esterification. The hydrophobic properties of the modified lignin increased. The MA- and SA-modified KL showed an increased thermal stability compared to unmodified KL. PA-modified lignin presented distinct thermal decomposition stages, which showed rapid degradation at lower temperature. The results of this study indicate that it is possible to change the basic properties of kraft lignin by anhydride modification to facilitate the production of high performance composites. C1 [Chen, Yao; Stark, Nicole M.; Cai, Zhiyong; Frihart, Charles R.; Lorenz, Linda F.; Ibach, Rebecca E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Cai, ZY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM zcai@fs.fed.us FU USDA-NIFA; Domtar, Plymouth Mill; NIH [P41RR02301, P41GM66326, RR02781, RR08438]; University of Wisconsin; NSF [DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, BIR-9214394]; USDA FX Authors are thankful to USDA-NIFA and Domtar, Plymouth Mill for financial support and providing KL. This study made use of the National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, which is supported by NIH grants P41RR02301 (BRTP/NCRR) and P41GM66326 (NIGMS). Additional equipment was purchased with funds from the University of Wisconsin, the NIH (RR02781, RR08438), the NSF (DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, BIR-9214394), and the USDA. The authors express their sincere thanks to Sally A. Ralph at USDA Forest Products Laboratory for providing lignin standards and assistance with 13C-NMR spectroscopy. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 23 PU NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI PI RALEIGH PA CAMPUS BOX 8005, RALEIGH, NC 27695-8005 USA SN 1930-2126 J9 BIORESOURCES JI BioResources PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 5488 EP 5500 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AS3NG UT WOS:000344184300141 ER PT J AU Luppold, WG Miller, GW AF Luppold, William G. Miller, Gary W. TI Changes in Eastern Hardwood Sawtimber Growth and Harvest SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FOREST AB This article examines increases in eastern hardwood sawtimber volume by species group and species, the utilization of sawtimber by species groups and important eastern species, the utilization of sawtimber by species group by subregion, and discusses issues that could impede future growth of the hardwood timber resource. Eastern hardwood sawtimber volume has nearly tripled between 1953 and 2011 with yellow-poplar, soft maple, ash, and cottonwood/aspen having the greatest increase. Ironically, the cottonwood/aspen group appears to be currently overutilized with relatively low net growth-to-harvest ratios, but this finding appears to be the result of a high volume of aspen stems being less than sawtimber size. In general, lower-value species, including other red oaks and sweetgum, are relatively overutilized and have growth-to-harvest ratios less than 2.0. By contrast, higher-value species, including select red oaks, select white oaks, and hard maple, are utilized at the level at which they are found in the timber inventory, and all have growth-to-harvest ratios greater than 2.0. These results may be reflective of the declining production of appearance-based hardwood products relative to less valuable industrial products in the last 5 years. While the growth in hardwood sawtimber on timberland has been substantial, there are several factors that could affect future growth, including nonnative disease and insect mortality, adversely high deer populations, and land conversion. C1 [Luppold, William G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Miller, Gary W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Luppold, WG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. EM wluppold@fs.fed.us; gwmiller@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 1-2 BP 26 EP 32 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AS2HG UT WOS:000344099900004 ER PT J AU Janowiak, JJ Falk, RH Gething, BA Tsirigotis, JA AF Janowiak, John J. Falk, Robert H. Gething, Brad A. Tsirigotis, John A. TI Mechanical Performance of Nail-Laminated Posts Manufactured from Reclaimed Chromated Copper Arsenate-Treated Decking Lumber SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WOOD; CCA; CROSSARMS; MARKET AB This study determined the mechanical properties of nail-laminated (nail-lam) posts manufactured from reclaimed chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated decking lumber. Though CCA-treated lumber is no longer accepted for use in residential applications, it is permitted in agricultural and industrial applications where health and environmental impacts are deemed to be minimal. This project focused on the reuse potential of this lumber for fabricating structural nail-lam members commonly used in agricultural post frame utility buildings. Significant amounts of waste CCA-treated lumber are generated by people replacing decks. Currently, this lumber is mostly landfilled as disposal waste. Finding other uses for this discarded material could reduce the waste burden of decking removed from service each year. For this study, 15-year-old decking material slated for removal and composed of nominal 2 by 6 CCA-treated Southern yellow pine (SYP; Pinus spp.) lumber was carefully reclaimed for structural post member fabrications. Similar structural nail-lam posts were fabricated from new, micronized copper azole-treated SYP lumber for comparative test purposes. Three experimental treatments were evaluated to examine mechanical performance in terms of bending strength, flexural rigidity, and ultimate compressive strength. The comparative results show slightly lower flexural performance but equivalent or slightly higher compressive strength for structural post member fabrications when constructed from the supply of reclaimed decking material. These results help to demonstrate the technical feasibility or reuse potential of recycled decking for this type of second-generation application. C1 [Janowiak, John J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Falk, Robert H.] US Forest Serv, Madison, WI USA. [Gething, Brad A.] Natl Wooden Pallets & Container Assoc, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Janowiak, JJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jjj2@psu.edu; rfalk@wisc.edu; bgething@palletcentral.com; johnt31385@yahoo.com FU US Forest Products Laboratory (Madison, Wisconsin); North American Deck and Railing Association (Quakertown, Pennsylvania) FX This research was financially supported a grant from the US Forest Products Laboratory (Madison, Wisconsin) and conducted through the Penn State University (PSU) Agricultural Experiment Station (University Park, Pennsylvania). The authors thank the various deck remodeling contractors who notified PSU staff of rehabilitation projects useful for collection of experimental material. The authors appreciate the willingness of homeowners to cooperate with PSU personnel during on-site inspections and to allow the researchers special permission to conduct controlled deconstruction. Gratitude is also expressed the North American Deck and Railing Association (Quakertown, Pennsylvania) for their support of the research objectives. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 63 PG 9 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA AS2HG UT WOS:000344099900008 ER PT S AU Moscetti, R Monarca, D Cecchini, M Massantini, R Haff, RP Saranwong, S AF Moscetti, R. Monarca, D. Cecchini, M. Massantini, R. Haff, R. P. Saranwong, S. BE Radocz, L Botu, M Bolvansky, M TI NIR Spectroscopy Is Suitable to Detect Insect Infested Chestnuts SO II EUROPEAN CONGRESS ON CHESTNUT SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd European Congress on Chestnut CY OCT 09-12, 2013 CL Debrecen, HUNGARY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Castanea sativa; insect damage; Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter-Near Infrared spectroscopy; Linear Discriminant Analysis; wavelengths selection ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; INFESTATION; RESONANCE; QUALITY AB In this study, the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy to detect hidden insect damage is demonstrated. Using a genetic algorithm for feature selection (from 2 to 6 wavelengths) in combination with a linear discriminant analysis routine, classification error rates as low as 16.81% false negative, 0.00% false positive, and 8.41% total error were achieved, with an AUC value of 0.952 and an Wilk's. of 0.403 (P<0.001). A Savitzky-Golay first derivative spectral pretreatment with 13 smoothing points was used. The optimal features corresponded to Abs[1582 nm], Abs[1900 nm], and Abs[1964 nm]. These results represent an average of 55.3% improvement over a traditional floatation sorting system. C1 [Moscetti, R.; Monarca, D.; Cecchini, M.] Univ Tuscia, Dept Sci & Technol Agr Forest Nat & Energy, Viterbo, Italy. [Massantini, R.] Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agro food & Forest Syst, Viterbo, Italy. [Haff, R. P.] Western Reg Res Ctr, United States Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, Albany, CA USA. [Saranwong, S.] Natl Agr & Food Res Org, Natl Food Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Moscetti, R (reprint author), Univ Tuscia, Dept Sci & Technol Agr Forest Nat & Energy, Viterbo, Italy. EM massanti@unitus.it RI Cecchini, Massimo/F-3411-2012; Monarca, Danilo/B-8010-2016; OI Cecchini, Massimo/0000-0003-1407-8127; Massantini, Riccardo/0000-0001-6517-3162; Monarca, Danilo/0000-0002-8980-3744; Moscetti, Roberto/0000-0002-2034-8536 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-32-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1043 BP 153 EP 159 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5MX UT WOS:000343941300020 ER PT S AU Bassil, N Gilmore, B Hummer, K Weber, C Dossett, M Agunga, R Rhodes, E Mockler, T Scheerens, JC Filichkin, S Lewers, K Peterson, M Finn, CE Graham, J Lee, J Fernandez-Fernandez, F Fernandez, G Yun, SJ Perkins-Veazie, P AF Bassil, N. Gilmore, B. Hummer, K. Weber, C. Dossett, M. Agunga, R. Rhodes, E. Mockler, T. Scheerens, J. C. Filichkin, S. Lewers, K. Peterson, M. Finn, C. E. Graham, J. Lee, J. Fernandez-Fernandez, F. Fernandez, G. Yun, S. J. Perkins-Veazie, P. BE Gardiner, SE TI Genetic and Developing Genomic Resources in Black Raspberry SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SPECIES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Biotechnology of Fruit Species CY MAR 25-29, 2012 CL Nelson, NEW ZEALAND SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Rubus occidentalis; microsatellite markers; genome assembly; expressed sequence tags; breeding AB Over the last 75 years, the black raspberry industry in the United States has steadily declined due to lack of adapted and disease resistant cultivars. The high anthocyanin content of black raspberry and associated health benefits have revived interest in production and breeding new cultivars. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository manages black raspberry germplasm and maintains a collection of over 175 accessions. Wild black raspberries collected in their native range from more than 130 locations across 27 US states and two Canadian provinces were recently added to this collection. Evaluation of this wild germplasm led to the identification of four sources of aphid resistance, two of which were introgressed into the elite breeding pool in two mapping populations. A major focus of this project is to develop, and make available, genomic tools including linkage and physical maps, a draft genome assembly, ESTs, SNP and SSR markers for use in black and red raspberry breeding. We will study genotype by environment interactions in this black raspberry germplasm in four different production regions across North America and apply the genomic tools to identify QTL important for breeding objectives. These tools will facilitate informed decisions regarding germplasm value and usage, crossing, and selection through marker-assisted breeding, and will be useful for breeding programs across the US. Here, we present the current status of global genetic resources and genomic research in black raspberry. C1 [Bassil, N.; Gilmore, B.; Hummer, K.] ARS, USDA, NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Weber, C.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Dossett, M.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Agassiz, BC, Canada. [Agunga, R.; Rhodes, E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Human & Community Resource Dev, Columbus, OH USA. [Mockler, T.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Scheerens, J. C.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH USA. [Filichkin, S.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Res, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lewers, K.] USDA ARS BARC, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Peterson, M.; Finn, C. E.] USDA, ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Graham, J.] James Hutton Inst, Dundee, Scotland. [Lee, J.] USDA, ARS, HCRU Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Fernandez-Fernandez, F.] East Malling Res, E Malling, England. [Fernandez, G.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. [Yun, S. J.] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Jeonju, South Korea. [Perkins-Veazie, P.] NCSU, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Bassil, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RI Mockler, Todd/L-2609-2013 OI Mockler, Todd/0000-0002-0462-5775 FU USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-038-00D, 5358-21000-037-00D, 5358-21000-041-00D] FX We would like to thank Liz Alperin and April Nyberg for technical assistance in DNA preparation and SSR analysis. We would also like to acknowledge the OSU CGRB staff for their help in Illumina sequencing and data processing and storage. This project is being funded by the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative and by USDA-ARS CRIS numbers 5358-21000-038-00D, 5358-21000-037-00D, and 5358-21000-041-00D. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-36-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1048 BP 19 EP 24 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5RB UT WOS:000344029800001 ER PT S AU Lee, J Rudell, DR Watkins, CB AF Lee, J. Rudell, D. R. Watkins, C. B. BE Gardiner, SE TI Metabolic Changes in 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated 'Empire' Apple at Different Storage Temperatures SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT SPECIES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Biotechnology of Fruit Species CY MAR 25-29, 2012 CL Nelson, NEW ZEALAND SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE metabolomics; GC-MS; carbohydrates; organic acids; amino acids; phenolic compounds ID PEEL AB 'Empire' apple fruit can develop a chilling injury expressed as a firm flesh browning if stored at 0.5 degrees C, and injury can be reduced by storing fruit at 2-3 degrees C. Treatment of fruit with 1-MCP treatment, however, can make browning incidence and severity worse, especially at warmer storage temperatures. To better understand the metabolic changes associated with flesh browning, metabolic profiling using GC-MS has been used to evaluate metabolomic changes in untreated and 1-MCP treated 'Empire' fruit cortex stored in controlled atmosphere (CA) storage at 0.5 and 3.3 degrees C for up to 40 weeks. Browning incidence and severity was higher in 1-MCP treated fruit than untreated fruit at both temperatures. Metabolites with elevated levels in 1-MCP treated cortex stored at both 0.5 or 3.3 degrees C included rhamnose, sorbitol, threonate, fumaric acid and glutamate. The amino acids, leucine, valine, aspartate, threonine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and tryptophan were also elevated at both storage temperatures in 1-MCP treated fruit. Overall, the results indicate that 1-MCP has wide ranging effects on metabolic processes of treated apple fruit. However, whether these changes are related to flesh browning in a causal way remains uncertain. C1 [Lee, J.; Watkins, C. B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rudell, D. R.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM David.Rudell@ars.usda.gov; cbw3@cornell.edu FU Federal Formula Funds [NE1036]; New York Apple Research and Development Program; AgroFresh, Inc; Department of Horticulture; Cornell University FX This research was partly supported by Federal Formula Funds NE1036, the New York Apple Research and Development Program, and AgroFresh, Inc. The authors thank Jackie Nock at the Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, and David Buchanan and Rachel Leisso at USDA-ARS, Tree Fruit Research Laboratory. Jinwook Lee was supported by a research assistantship from the Department of Horticulture, Cornell University. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-36-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1048 BP 113 EP 119 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5RB UT WOS:000344029800013 ER PT J AU Stavros, EN Abatzoglou, J Larkin, NK McKenzie, D Steel, EA AF Stavros, E. Natasha Abatzoglou, John Larkin, Narasimhan K. McKenzie, Donald Steel, E. Ashley TI Climate and very large wildland fires in the contiguous western USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE AUC; GACC; logistic regression; niche space; precision; rare events; recall; wildland fire ID UNITED-STATES; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; MEGA-FIRES; WILDFIRE; AREA; WEATHER; FORESTS; ECOSYSTEMS; DROUGHT; REGIMES AB Very large wildfires can cause significant economic and environmental damage, including destruction of homes, adverse air quality, firefighting costs and even loss of life. We examine how climate is associated with very large wildland fires (VLWFs >= 50 000 acres, or similar to 20 234 ha) in the western contiguous USA. We used composite records of climate and fire to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of VLWF-climatic relationships. Results showed quantifiable fire weather leading up and up to 3 weeks post VLWF discovery, thus providing predictors of the probability that VLWF occurrence in a given week. Models were created for eight National Interagency Fire Center Geographic Area Coordination Centers (GACCs). Accuracy was good (AUC > 0.80) for all models, but significant fire weather predictors of VLWFs vary by GACC, suggesting that broad-scale ecological mechanisms associated with wildfires also vary across regions. These mechanisms are very similar to those found by previous analyses of annual area burned, but this analysis provides a means for anticipating VLWFs specifically and thereby the timing of substantial area burned within a given year, thus providing a quantifiable justification for proactive fire management practices to mitigate the risk and associated damage of VLWFs. C1 [Stavros, E. Natasha] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Abatzoglou, John] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Larkin, Narasimhan K.; McKenzie, Donald; Steel, E. Ashley] US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Stavros, EN (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,MS 233-300, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM natasha.stavros@jpl.nasa.gov OI Abatzoglou, John/0000-0001-7599-9750 FU Pacific Northwest Research Station, US Forest Service; Joint Fire Science Program [11-1-7-4]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The Pacific Northwest Research Station, US Forest Service and the Joint Fire Science Program, Project 11-1-7-4, provided funding for this research. The authors also thank Robert Norheim, with the University of Washington, for all of his hard work designing maps used in the analysis and organising of the data. Many thanks for constructive reviews from Ernesto Alvarado, Christian Torgersen, Tim Essington, David L. Peterson and Tara Strand. The final stages of this work were carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 23 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 899 EP 914 DI 10.1071/WF13169 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AS6EK UT WOS:000344357200001 ER PT J AU Shive, KL Fule, PZ Sieg, CH Strom, BA Hunter, ME AF Shive, K. L. Fule, P. Z. Sieg, C. H. Strom, B. A. Hunter, M. E. TI Managing burned landscapes: evaluating future management strategies for resilient forests under a warming climate SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE Arizona; Climate-Forest Vegetation Simulator; high severity; juniper; pinyon pine; ponderosa pine; prescribed fire; Rodeo-Chediski; uneven-aged management ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FUEL TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; HIGH-SEVERITY FIRE; TREE MORTALITY; PRESCRIBED FIRE; LARGE WILDFIRE; SIERRA-NEVADA; WILDLAND FIRE AB Climate change effects on forested ecosystems worldwide include increases in drought-related mortality, changes to disturbance regimes and shifts in species distributions. Such climate-induced changes will alter the outcomes of current management strategies, complicating the selection of appropriate strategies to promote forest resilience. We modelled forest growth in ponderosa pine forests that burned in Arizona's 2002 Rodeo-Chediski Fire using the Forest Vegetation Simulator Climate Extension, where initial stand structures were defined by pre-fire treatment and fire severity. Under extreme climate change, existing forests persisted for several decades, but shifted towards pinyon-juniper woodlands by 2104. Under milder scenarios, pine persisted with reduced growth. Prescribed burning at 10- and 20-year intervals resulted in basal areas within the historical range of variability (HRV) in low-severity sites that were initially dominated by smaller diameter trees; but in sites initially dominated by larger trees, the range was consistently exceeded. For high-severity sites, prescribed fire was too frequent to reach the HRV's minimum basal area. Alternatively, for all stands under milder scenarios, uneven-aged management resulted in basal areas within the HRV because of its inherent flexibility to manipulate forest structures. These results emphasise the importance of flexible approaches to management in a changing climate. C1 [Shive, K. L.; Fule, P. Z.; Strom, B. A.; Hunter, M. E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Sieg, C. H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Shive, KL (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, POB 15018, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM kls448@nau.edu FU Rocky Mountain Research Station [03-JV-11221615-153, 09-CS-11221633-190] FX We thank the White Mountain Apache Tribe, particularly Jonathan Brooks, and the Tribal Council for granting permission to access their lands. Randy Fuller with the Bureau of Indian Affairs was exceptionally helpful in discussing past and potential future treatments on these landscapes. The Ecological Restoration Institute provided fieldwork assistance in 2004 and 2010. Funding was provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station (03-JV-11221615-153 and 09-CS-11221633-190). NR 75 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 915 EP 928 DI 10.1071/WF13184 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AS6EK UT WOS:000344357200002 ER PT J AU Robichaud, PR Rhee, H Lewis, SA AF Robichaud, Peter R. Rhee, Hakjun Lewis, Sarah A. TI A synthesis of post-fire Burned Area Reports from 1972 to 2009 for western US Forest Service lands: trends in wildfire characteristics and post-fire stabilisation treatments and expenditures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE BAER; Burned Area Emergency Response; erosion control; post-fire assessment; rehabilitation; treatment expenditure; values-at-risk ID EROSION-MITIGATION TREATMENT; SUPPRESSION COST FORECASTS; UNITED-STATES; HILLSLOPE EROSION; REHABILITATION TREATMENTS; AGRICULTURAL STRAW; FIRE PATTERNS; RUNOFF; COLORADO; SEVERITY AB Over 1200 post-fire assessment and treatment implementation reports from four decades (1970s-2000s) of western US forest fires have been examined to identify decadal patterns in fire characteristics and the justifications and expenditures for the post-fire treatments. The main trends found were: (1) the area burned by wildfire increased over time and the rate of increase accelerated after 1990; (2) the proportions of burned area assessed as low, moderate and high burn severity likely have remained fairly constant over time, but the use of satellite imagery that began c. 2000 increased the resolution of burn severity assessments leading to an apparent decreased proportion of high burn severity during the 2000s; (3) treatment justifications reflected regional concerns (e.g. soil productivity in areas of timber harvest) and generally reflected increased human encroachment in the wildland-urban interface; (4) modifications to roads were the most frequently recommended post-fire treatment type; (5) seeding was the most frequently used land treatment, but declined in use over time; (6) use of post-fire agricultural straw mulch has steadily increased because of proven success; and (7) the greatest post-fire expenditures have been for land treatments applied over large areas to protect important resources (e.g. municipal water sources). C1 [Robichaud, Peter R.; Lewis, Sarah A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Rhee, Hakjun] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Robichaud, PR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM probichaud@fs.fed.us NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 28 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 929 EP 944 DI 10.1071/WF13192 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AS6EK UT WOS:000344357200003 ER PT J AU Forthofer, JM Butler, BW Wagenbrenner, NS AF Forthofer, Jason M. Butler, Bret W. Wagenbrenner, Natalie S. TI A comparison of three approaches for simulating fine-scale surface winds in support of wildland fire management. Part I. Model formulation and comparison against measurements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire growth modelling; wildland fire decision support; wind modelling ID BOUNDARY-LAYER-FLOW; NUMERICAL VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS; EPSILON TURBULENCE MODEL; ASKERVEIN HILL PROJECT; COMPLEX TERRAIN; ATMOSPHERIC FLOW; PREDICTIONS; TOPOGRAPHY; EQUATIONS; TUNNEL AB For this study three types of wind models have been defined for simulating surface wind flow in support of wildland fire management: (1) a uniform wind field (typically acquired from coarse-resolution (similar to 4 km) weather service forecast models); (2) a newly developed mass-conserving model and (3) a newly developed mass and momentum-conserving model (referred to as the momentum-conserving model). The technical foundation for the two new modelling approaches is described, simulated surface wind fields are compared to field measurements, and the sensitivity of the new model types to mesh resolution and aspect ratio (second type only) is discussed. Both of the newly developed models assume neutral stability and are designed to be run by casual users on standard personal computers. Simulation times vary from a few seconds for the mass-conserving model to similar to 1 h for the momentum-conserving model using consumer-grade computers. Applications for this technology include use in real-time fire spread prediction models to support fire management activities, mapping local wind fields to identify areas of concern for firefighter safety and exploring best-case weather scenarios to achieve prescribed fire objectives. Both models performed best on the upwind side and top of terrain features and had reduced accuracy on the lee side. The momentum-conserving model performed better than the mass-conserving model on the lee side. C1 [Forthofer, Jason M.; Butler, Bret W.; Wagenbrenner, Natalie S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Forthofer, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 W Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM jaforthofer@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service; Joint Fire Science Program; Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands at Colorado State University FX The authors thank Charles McHugh and Richard Stratton for their assistance in manipulating digital elevation data and displaying wind simulations, Peter Taylor and Wensong Weng for providing access to the Askervein Hill data, and Larry Bradshaw, Kyle Shannon and Paul Sopko for gathering the Waterworks Hill data. This research was funded by the USDA Forest Service, the Joint Fire Science Program and the Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands at Colorado State University. NR 74 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 969 EP 981 DI 10.1071/WF12089 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AS6EK UT WOS:000344357200006 ER PT J AU Forthofer, JM Butler, BW McHugh, CW Finney, MA Bradshaw, LS Stratton, RD Shannon, KS Wagenbrenner, NS AF Forthofer, Jason M. Butler, Bret W. McHugh, Charles W. Finney, Mark A. Bradshaw, Larry S. Stratton, Richard D. Shannon, Kyle S. Wagenbrenner, Natalie S. TI A comparison of three approaches for simulating fine-scale surface winds in support of wildland fire management. Part II. An exploratory study of the effect of simulated winds on fire growth simulations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire behaviour modelling; wildland fire decision support; wind modelling ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SPREAD; FLOW; LANDSCAPE; TERRAIN; TOPOGRAPHY; MODELS; HILLS AB The effect of fine-resolution wind simulations on fire growth simulations is explored. The wind models are (1) a wind field consisting of constant speed and direction applied everywhere over the area of interest; (2) a tool based on the solution of the conservation of mass only (termed mass-conserving model) and (3) a tool based on a solution of conservation of mass and momentum (termed momentum-conserving model). Fire simulations use the FARSITE fire simulation system to simulate fire growth for one hypothetical fire and two actual wildfires. The momentum-conserving model produced fire perimeters that most closely matched the observed fire spread, followed by the mass-conserving model and then the uniform winds. The results suggest that momentum-conserving and mass-conserving models can reduce the sensitivity of fire growth simulations to input wind direction, which is advantageous to fire growth modellers. The mass-conserving and momentum-conserving wind models may be useful for operational use as decision support tools in wildland fire management, prescribed fire planning, smoke dispersion modelling, and firefighter and public safety. C1 [Forthofer, Jason M.; Butler, Bret W.; McHugh, Charles W.; Finney, Mark A.; Bradshaw, Larry S.; Stratton, Richard D.; Shannon, Kyle S.; Wagenbrenner, Natalie S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Forthofer, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 W Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM jaforthofer@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service; Joint Fire Science Program; Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands at Colorado State University FX This research was funded by the USDA Forest Service, the Joint Fire Science Program and the Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands at Colorado State University. NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 982 EP 994 DI 10.1071/WF12090 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AS6EK UT WOS:000344357200007 ER PT J AU Loudermilk, EL Achtemeier, GL O'Brien, JJ Hiers, JK Hornsby, BS AF Loudermilk, E. Louise Achtemeier, Gary L. O'Brien, Joseph J. Hiers, J. Kevin Hornsby, Benjamin S. TI High-resolution observations of combustion in heterogeneous surface fuels SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire heterogeneity; fuel type; image recognition; IR imagery; longleaf pine; regression tree ID LONGLEAF PINE FORESTS; FINE-SCALE VARIATION; BURNING CHARACTERISTICS; FIRE BEHAVIOR; ECOSYSTEM; CLASSIFICATION; SAVANNA; MODELS; LITTER; SPREAD AB In ecosystems with frequent surface fires, fire and fuel heterogeneity at relevant scales have been largely ignored. This could be because complete burns give an impression of homogeneity, or due to the difficulty in capturing fine-scale variation in fuel characteristics and fire behaviour. Fire movement between patches of fuel can have implications for modelling fire spread and understanding ecological effects. We collected high resolution (0.8 x 0.8-cm pixels) visual and thermal imaging data during fire passage over 4 x 4-m plots of mixed fuel beds consisting of pine litter and grass during two prescribed burns within the longleaf pine forests of Eglin Air Force Base, FL in February 2011. Fuel types were identified by passing multi-spectral digital images through a colour recognition algorithm in 'Rabbit Rules,' an experimental coupled fire-atmosphere fire spread model. Image fuel types were validated against field fuel types. Relationships between fuel characteristics and fire behaviour measurements at multiple resolutions (0.8 x 0.8 cm to 33 x 33 cm) were analysed using a regression tree approach. There were strong relationships between fire behaviour and fuels, especially at the 33 x 33-cm scale (R-2 = 0.40-0.69), where image-to-image overlap error was reduced and fuels were well characterised. Distinct signatures were found for individual and coupled fuel types for determining fire behaviour, illustrating the importance of understanding fire-fuel heterogeneity at fine-scales. Simulating fire spread at this fine-scale may be critical for understanding fire effects, such as understorey plant community assembly. C1 [Loudermilk, E. Louise; Achtemeier, Gary L.; O'Brien, Joseph J.; Hornsby, Benjamin S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin] Eglin AFB, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. RP Loudermilk, EL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM elloudermilk@fs.fed.us; gachtemeier@fs.fed.us; jjobrien@fs.fed.us; john.hiers@eglin.af.mil; bhornsby@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Plan [01.SRS.A.5]; Joint Fire Science Program grant [09-1-01-7]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program of the Department of Defence [RC-2243]; Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment (RxCadre), Joint Fire Science Program [11-2-1-11]; Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA, USA FX This study was funded through the National Fire Plan 01.SRS.A.5 and Joint Fire Science Program grant 09-1-01-7, and in part by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program of the Department of Defence, project RC-2243. This study was part of the Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment (RxCadre), Joint Fire Science Program grant 11-2-1-11. We thank the Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, GA, USA, for their support. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1016 EP 1026 DI 10.1071/WF13160 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AS6EK UT WOS:000344357200010 ER PT J AU Masler, EP AF Masler, Edward P. TI Targeting internal processes of plant-parasitic nematodes in the pursuit of novel agents for their control SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cyst nematode; development; dormancy; Globodera; hatching; Heterodera; life cycle; Meloidogyne; parasitism; phytochemical; root-knot nematode; survival ID SOYBEAN CYST-NEMATODE; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; NEUROPEPTIDE GENE FAMILIES; GREEN TEA POLYPHENOLS; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; GLOBODERA-ROSTOCHIENSIS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; BENZYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; IN-VITRO AB The success of plant-parasitic nematodes as competitors with humans for crops is evidenced by the parasites' significant and continuous economic drain on global agriculture. Scientific efforts dedicated to the control of plant-parasitic nematodes employ strategies from the environmental to molecular levels. Understanding the interaction of the nematode with its environment, and the molecules involved, offers great promise for novel control agent development. Perhaps more significantly, such knowledge facilitates the generation of ever more detailed and sophisticated information on nematode biology and new molecular targets. Among the most economically important groups of plant-parasitic nematodes are those comprising the cyst-forming species and the root-knot nematodes. Presented here is a brief overview of research into the biology of these parasites relative to their life cycles. Recent advances in elucidating the molecular biology and biochemistry of nematode-plant interactions during the internal parasitic stages of the life cycle have been driven by advances in genomics and transcriptornics. The remarkable discoveries regarding parasitism, and the application of genetic resources in these findings, provide a template for advanced investigation of external, survival stages biology. While survival biology research lags somewhat behind that of parasitism with regard to the molecular genetics of signalling and response, its extensive catalogue promises explosive rates of discovery as progress in genomics and transcriptomics allows a molecular genetic examination of embryogenesis, dormancy and hatching. Our group is interested in behaviour, development and hatching of cyst and root-knot nematodes, and the effects of the environment on the mechanisms of these activities. Phytochemical and temperature effects are discussed, and evidence is presented that the cyst may provide useful molecules for exploring nematode physiology. C1 USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM edward.masler@ars.usda.gov NR 118 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 21 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2014 VL 16 BP 1001 EP 1017 DI 10.1163/15685411-00002829 PN 9 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AS5JJ UT WOS:000344307100001 ER PT S AU Mazzola, M Strauss, SL AF Mazzola, M. Strauss, S. L. BA Pugliese, M BF Pugliese, M BE Gullino, ML Katan, J TI Replant Disease Control and System Resilience to Pathogen Re-Infestation in Response to Brassica Seed Meal Amendment SO VIII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CHEMICAL AND NON-CHEMICAL SOIL AND SUBSTRATE DISINFESTATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation CY JUL 13-17, 2014 CL Torino, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE replant disease; soil microbiology; Brassica seed meal ID PRATYLENCHUS-PENETRANS; SOIL BIOLOGY; APPLE; SUPPRESSION; FUMIGATION; WASHINGTON; EFFICACY; PYTHIUM; AGENTS; ROOTS AB Brassicaceae seed meal (SM) formulations were compared with pre-plant soil fumigation for the ability to control apple replant disease and to suppress pathogen/parasite re-infestation of orchard soils. Soil fumigation and SM treatment provided similar levels of disease control during the initial growing season. In controlled studies, SM amendment resulted in development of a soil system suppressive towards disease incited by Pythium abappressorium and Rhizoctonia solani AG-5. The apparent functional mechanisms responsible for disease suppression differed with the target pathogen. In the field, SM treated soils exhibited resilience to re-infestation by Pratylenchus penetrans and Pythium spp. and correspondingly tree growth and yield was superior to that observed in fumigated soils. After two years, the rhizosphere microbiome in fumigated soils had reverted to one similar to that of the no-treatment control, while that from the SM treatment possessed unique bacterial and fungal profiles. Overall diversity of the microbiome was reduced in the SM treatment rhizosphere, suggesting that enhanced "biodiversity" was not instrumental in achieving system resilience and/or pathogen suppression. C1 [Mazzola, M.; Strauss, S. L.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Mazzola, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM Mark.Mazzola@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-25-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1044 BP 105 EP 112 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5MY UT WOS:000343942400011 ER PT S AU Shennana, C Muramoto, J Lamers, J Mazzola, M Rosskopf, EN Kokalis-Burelle, N Momma, N Butler, DM Kobara, Y AF Shennana, C. Muramoto, J. Lamers, J. Mazzola, M. Rosskopf, E. N. Kokalis-Burelle, N. Momma, N. Butler, D. M. Kobara, Y. BA Pugliese, M BF Pugliese, M BE Gullino, ML Katan, J TI Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for Soil Borne Disease Control in Strawberry and Vegetable Systems: Current Knowledge and Future Directions SO VIII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CHEMICAL AND NON-CHEMICAL SOIL AND SUBSTRATE DISINFESTATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation CY JUL 13-17, 2014 CL Torino, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE fumigant alternatives; microbial communities; soil-borne disease control; nematodes ID SOILBORNE PLANT-PATHOGENS AB Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD), a biological alternative to soil fumigation, has been shown to control a wide range of soil-borne pathogens and nematodes in numerous crop production systems across Japan, The Netherlands and the US. A brief review of the status to the science behind ASD and its application for commercial settings is discussed for each country. Future work needs to focus on how to optimize the technique (in terms of carbon source used, temperature and degree of anaerobiosis attained) to control specific sets of pathogens, and to better which mechanism(s) are responsible for disease control in different situations. The role of observed microbial community shifts as a result of ASD in immediate disease control and long term disease suppression needs to be more fully explored. Further reductions in the costs of ASD compared to fumigant use will help increase adoption of the technique which is currently limited by cost and uncertainty about its effectiveness at controlling different pathogens across a range of environments. C1 [Shennana, C.; Muramoto, J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Lamers, J.] Appl Plant Res Wageningen UR, PPO AGV, Lelystad, Netherlands. [Mazzola, M.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Rosskopf, E. N.; Kokalis-Burelle, N.] USDA ARS United States Hort, Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Momma, N.] Inst Hort Plant Breeding, Matsudo, Chiba 2702221, Japan. [Butler, D. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kobara, Y.] Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan. RP Shennana, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM cshennan@ucsc.edu NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 17 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-25-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1044 BP 165 EP 175 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5MY UT WOS:000343942400020 ER PT S AU Mazzola, M Hewavitharana, S AF Mazzola, M. Hewavitharana, S. BA Pugliese, M BF Pugliese, M BE Gullino, ML Katan, J TI Carbon Source-Dependent Volatile Production and ASD Efficacy for Suppression of Apple Root Pathogens and Parasites SO VIII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CHEMICAL AND NON-CHEMICAL SOIL AND SUBSTRATE DISINFESTATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation CY JUL 13-17, 2014 CL Torino, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE anaerobic soil disinfestation; apple replant disease; antifungal volatiles; nematicidal volatile ID SOIL DISINFESTATION BSD; REPLANT DISEASE; MECHANISMS; AMENDMENTS; NEMATODES; ACIDS AB Studies were conducted to determine the effect of carbon source input on efficacy of anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) for control of multiple components of the apple replant disease pathogen complex. Among five C sources tested, ASD conducted using ethanol (ET) or grass residues (GR) effectively suppressed infection of 'Gala' seedling roots by Pythium spp. ASD was effective in suppressing seedling root infestation by Pratylenchus penetrans for all carbon inputs except composted steer manure (CM). GR and ET ASD treatments reduced persistence of Rhizoctonia solani AG 5 in artificially infested soil and all treatments except CM effectively reduced root infection by this pathogen. Each C amendment generated a unique spectrum of volatiles during the anaerobic phase and those from ET, GR, and Brassica juncea seed meal (SM) treatments effectively retarded colony growth of R. solani AG 5, P. ultimum and Fusarium oxysporum. Among selected volatiles generated during ASD, decanal, allyl isothiocyanate and dimethyl trisulfide effectively retarded growth of all three pathogens whereas the latter two were bioactive against P. penetrans. Among grass residue amendment rates examined, an application rate of 20 t ha(-1) resulted in superior seedling biomass production and lesion nematode suppression, while free-living nematode populations were unchanged relative to no amendment control. These studies demonstrate the significant potential of ASD for controlling ARD pathogens and parasites when GR is utilized as the C input. C1 [Mazzola, M.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Hewavitharana, S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Mazzola, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM Mark.Mazzola@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-25-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1044 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5MY UT WOS:000343942400024 ER PT S AU Muramoto, J Shennan, C Baird, G Zavatta, M Koike, ST Bolda, MP Daugovish, O Dara, SK Klonsky, K Mazzola, M AF Muramoto, J. Shennan, C. Baird, G. Zavatta, M. Koike, S. T. Bolda, M. P. Daugovish, O. Dara, S. K. Klonsky, K. Mazzola, M. BA Pugliese, M BF Pugliese, M BE Gullino, ML Katan, J TI Optimizing Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for California Strawberries SO VIII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CHEMICAL AND NON-CHEMICAL SOIL AND SUBSTRATE DISINFESTATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation CY JUL 13-17, 2014 CL Torino, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Fragaria ananassa; soil Eh; large-scale demonstration; biological alternative to fumigant; carbon courses; fruit yield ID SOILBORNE PLANT-PATHOGENS AB Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD), a biological alternative to soil fumigation, can control soilborne pathogens and nematodes in numerous crop production systems. To optimize ASD for California strawberries, a series of field and pot experiments have been conducted since 2003. Overall, ASD treatment was shown to be consistently effective at suppressing Verticillium dahliae and obtaining comparable yield with fumigant control in coastal California when 20 t ha(-1) of rice bran (RB) was pre-plant incorporated and at least 75 mm of irrigation was applied in sandy-loam to clay-loam soils. However, due to economic and high nitrogen application issues associated with use of 20 t ha(-1) RB, there is interest in examining alternative C sources used in ASD. In the 2012-2013 season, we conducted non-replicated demonstration trials at 4 local farms in which sugarcane molasses (Mol) 20 t ha(-1) alone or in combination with RB (Mol 10 t ha(-1) + RB 10 t ha(-1)) were tested. Although Mol has advantages over RB in terms of ease of application and lower N content, the anaerobic condition created by Mol did not last long and split applications were needed. Further, cumulative marketable fruit yield from Mol 20 t ha(-1) plots were as low as 70% of fumigated controls, whereas RB 20 t ha(-1) and Mol 10 t ha(-1) + RB 10 t ha(-1) plots had similar yields as the control. Lack of effectiveness in Mol-based ASD may be related to uneven distribution of Mol across the bed profile and low soil temperatures at trial sites. We also evaluated the potential for eliminating pre-plant fertilizer application when using RB-based ASD at one site. Pre-plant fertilizer increased fruit yield only similar to 5%, suggesting a possibility of reducing pre-plant fertilizer at ASD fields. Future studies should examine other C-sources including summer cover crops combined with a low rate of RB or Mol in ASD. C1 [Muramoto, J.; Shennan, C.; Baird, G.; Zavatta, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Koike, S. T.] Univ Calif, Coop Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. [Bolda, M. P.] Univ Calif, Coop Extens, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. [Daugovish, O.] Univ Calif, Coop Extens, Ventura, CA 93003 USA. [Dara, S. K.] Univ Calif, Coop Extens, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 USA. [Klonsky, K.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mazzola, M.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Muramoto, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM joji@ucsc.edu; cshennan@ucsc.edu; gbaird@ucsc.edu; margy_zava@yahoo.it; stkoike@ucanr.edu; mpbolda@ucanr.edu; odaugovish@ucanr.edu; klonsky@primal.ucdavis.edu; Mark.Mazzola@ars.usda.gov RI Shennan, Carol/I-1694-2013 OI Shennan, Carol/0000-0001-6401-5007 FU USDA-MBT [2012-51102-20294]; California Strawberry Commission FX This project was partially funded by a USDA-MBT 2012-51102-20294 grant and the California Strawberry Commission. We thank our collaborating growers and Steve Fennimore of UC Davis for the demonstration trials. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 17 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-25-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1044 BP 215 EP 220 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5MY UT WOS:000343942400025 ER PT S AU Rosskopf, EN Burelle, N Hong, J Butler, DM Noling, JW He, Z Booker, B Sances, F AF Rosskopf, E. N. Burelle, N. Hong, J. Butler, D. M. Noling, J. W. He, Z. Booker, B. Sances, F. BA Pugliese, M BF Pugliese, M BE Gullino, ML Katan, J TI Comparison of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation and Drip-Applied Organic Acids for Raised-Bed Specialty Crop Production in Florida SO VIII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CHEMICAL AND NON-CHEMICAL SOIL AND SUBSTRATE DISINFESTATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation CY JUL 13-17, 2014 CL Torino, ITALY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE organic amendments; fumigant alternatives; biological soil disinfestation ID SOILBORNE PLANT-PATHOGENS; VEGETABLE PRODUCTION; SOLARIZATION; AMENDMENTS AB Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD, aka biological soil disinfestation) has been studied in multiple countries for the suppression of plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Recent work in the US has included studies on weed control and nematode management with this technique. Multiple mechanisms have been shown to play a role in the suppression of some studied plant pathogens, including the generation of organic acids by soil bacteria. Multiple field trials were conducted in the strawberry production region in Florida to compare this method with direct application of a novel combination of organic acids (referred to as 'SPK') applied through drip irrigation. Application of the organic acids consistently resulted in an increase in the native soil population of Trichoderma spp. The first year of ASD treatment resulted in a low level of cumulative redox potential and an increase in Trichoderma spp. However, in the second year, when there was a higher level of cumulative redox potential, an increase in culturable soil bacteria overwhelmed Trichoderma spp. colony isolation. Viability of introduced fungal plant pathogen inoculum was reduced in organic acid treatments when the water front carrying the acid came in direct contact with packets at the center of the bed, but not in areas with poor material movement. Introduced inoculum in the ASD-treated plots was significantly reduced compared to the untreated control regardless of packet placement. C1 [Rosskopf, E. N.; Burelle, N.; Hong, J.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Butler, D. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Noling, J. W.] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [He, Z.] Univ Florida, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Booker, B.; Sances, F.] Florida Ag Res, Dover, FL USA. RP Rosskopf, EN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM Erin.Rosskopf@ARS.USDA.GOV FU USDA Specialty Crop Initiative; Florida Specialty Crop Block Grant; Florida Department of Ag and Consumer Services [016871] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of the technical staff of the collaborators and partial funding for this project provided by the USDA Specialty Crop Initiative, Florida Specialty Crop Block Grant, administered by the Florida Department of Ag and Consumer Services, Contract # 016871. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-25-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1044 BP 221 EP 228 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5MY UT WOS:000343942400026 ER PT S AU Brooks, SM Lagerholm, S Garris, A Owens, C Ramming, D Cadle-Davidson, L AF Brooks, S. Mahanil Lagerholm, S. Garris, A. Owens, C. Ramming, D. Cadle-Davidson, L. BE Reisch, BI Londo, J TI Development of Molecular Markers for Powdery Mildew Resistance in Grapevines SO X INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND GENETICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics CY AUG 01-05, 2010 CL Geneva, NY SP Int Soc Hort Sci ID VITIS; SEEDLESSNESS; GENE; AFLP; MAP AB Molecular markers linked to disease resistance can be used to pyramid resistance genes for improved durability and to improve the efficiency of evaluation. To develop molecular markers linked to resistance to grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator), Vitis romanetii was used to create a pseudo-backcross 2 mapping population by crossing C87-41 ((V. romanetii x V. vinifera) x V. vinifera) with B70-57 (V. vinifera). Resistance was assessed in multiple locations and years by both natural and artificial inoculation. A genetic map was constructed using 101 SSRs and 28 SNPlex markers. This source of disease resistance is qualitative, fits a single-resistance gene model, and was mapped to the Ren4 locus on chromosome 18. Two markers, VMC7f2 and SNPlexE1M4R1 were shown to be tightly linked to powdery mildew resistance and seedlessness. Together they will be a valuable tool for marker assisted selection in table grape breeding programs. C1 [Brooks, S. Mahanil; Lagerholm, S.; Garris, A.; Owens, C.; Cadle-Davidson, L.] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, NYS Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Ramming, D.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 14456 USA. RP Brooks, SM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, NYS Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. FU American Vineyard Foundation FX This project was funded by the American Vineyard Foundation. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-34-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1046 BP 91 EP 99 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5QL UT WOS:000344023100010 ER PT S AU Reisch, BI Mahanil, S Consolie, N Luce, RS Wallace, PG Cadle-Davidson, L AF Reisch, B. I. Mahanil, S. Consolie, N. Luce, R. S. Wallace, P. G. Cadle-Davidson, L. BE Reisch, BI Londo, J TI Examination of Marker-Assisted Selection for Powdery and Downy Mildew Resistance SO X INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND GENETICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics CY AUG 01-05, 2010 CL Geneva, NY SP Int Soc Hort Sci ID GRAPEVINE AB Field grown seedlings potentially carrying both the Run1 and Rpv1 loci for powdery and downy mildew resistance, respectively, from muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia) introgressions were assessed for resistance to both powdery and downy mildew. Powdery mildew was assessed in the field under no-spray conditions, while downy mildew was assessed using a detached leaf assay in vitro. In these populations, markers for the Run1 gene were excellent predictors of powdery mildew resistance, but markers for the Rpv1 gene were not useful in predicting downy mildew resistance. Markers for Ren2 powdery mildew resistance derived from Vitis cinerea were also useful. Populations that were previously selected for powdery mildew resistance (where the susceptible types had already been discarded) had a very high frequency of markers for the Run1 gene and/or the V. cinerea source of resistance, confirming the success of field screening techniques. By screening for the presence of markers, it was possible to identify seedlings harboring both the V. cinerea as well as muscadine sources of powdery mildew resistance. C1 [Reisch, B. I.; Luce, R. S.; Wallace, P. G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, NYS Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Mahanil, S.; Consolie, N.; Cadle-Davidson, L.] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, NYS Agric Expt Stn, Geneva, NY USA. RP Reisch, BI (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, NYS Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. FU USDA-Viticulture Consortium-East; Lake Erie Regional Grape Project; New York Wine and Grape Foundation FX We thank the USDA-Viticulture Consortium-East, Lake Erie Regional Grape Project, and the New York Wine and Grape Foundation for financial support. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-34-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1046 BP 151 EP 155 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5QL UT WOS:000344023100019 ER PT S AU Cousins, P AF Cousins, P. BE Reisch, BI Londo, J TI Genetic Control of Phyllotaxy Phase Shift in Juvenile Vines in a Rootstock Hybrid Population SO X INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND GENETICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics CY AUG 01-05, 2010 CL Geneva, NY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Vitis; seedling; development; tendril; node AB Grapevine seedlings initially display spiral phyllotaxy of true leaves, then undergo a shift to alternate phyllotaxy with the production of the first lateral meristems (typically tendrils). The node at which the shift from spiral to alternate phyllotaxy occurs varies from about the 4th to about the 12th node on the vine. To investigate the genetic control of the transition from spiral phyllotaxy to alternate phyllotaxy, a population segregating for this trait was developed and screened. The population derived from four female parents and six male parents crossed in a Design 2 mating array (all female parents crossed to all male parents). The female parents were the pistillate flowered rootstock varieties 1613 Couderc, 93- 5 Couderc (California clone), Vitis rupestris 187G, and Fercal. The male parents were staminate flowered grape rootstock germplasm, species, and species hybrid selections with diverse backgrounds, including accessions from the USDA ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, California (denoted with DVIT accession numbers): IAC 572, Vitis labrusca Y137 DVIT 1392, Vitis hybrid Y93 DVIT 1519, Vitis hybrid Q126 DVIT 1456, Vitis hybrid Q130 DVIT 1466, and Vitis hybrid R127 DVIT 1490. The species background of the male parents includes V. labrusca, V. mustangensis, V. riparia, V. tiliifolia, and V. rupestris. Seedlings from controlled crosses were grown in individual pots in a greenhouse with artificial illumination to provide 24 h day length. The node number of the first observed lateral meristem was recorded; the goal was 50 seedlings per population for each of 24 populations, although some populations showed poor seed germination. Male and female parents differ from one another at P <= 0.01, with male parents falling into three groups and female parents into two groups based on the mean node of phyllotaxy shift in their seedlings. Narrow sense heritability of the first tendril bearing node is estimated at 0.23 based on breeding value of male parents and at 0.45 based on breeding value of female parents. C1 ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Cousins, P (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-34-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1046 BP 275 EP 279 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5QL UT WOS:000344023100036 ER PT S AU Ramming, DW AF Ramming, D. W. BE Reisch, BI Londo, J TI Drying Rate of Fresh Berries from Natural Dry-on-the-Vine (DOV) Grape Germplasm SO X INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND GENETICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics CY AUG 01-05, 2010 CL Geneva, NY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE breeding; raisin; mechanical harvest; Vitis vinifera AB The California raisin industry is using mechanical harvest methods to increase production efficiency. Fruiting canes of raisin cultivars must be cut to induce the fruit drying process. Grape germplasm that has its fruit dry-on-the-vine (DOV) without having their canes cut have been identified. Understanding the fruit or plant characteristics that cause the natural drying process to occur would allow breeders to select this type of raisin grape with less field testing. The drying rates at 38 degrees C of two natural DOV selections were compared to 'Summer Muscat' (fast berry drying rate) and 'Thompson Seedless' (slow drying rate). All berries compared were 14.3 mm diameter and 22 degrees Brix determined by density flotation. The drying rate of one genotype was similar to 'Summer Muscat' and the other dried slower than 'Thompson Seedless', even though both dry into raisins on the vine without cutting canes. Drying was slower for all genotypes when the pedicel was covered with wax to prevent water loss through the pedicel compared to two years when the pedicel was not waxed. 'Thompson Seedless' drying rate was dramatically decreased by the wax compared to the other genotypes. The drying order was the same for all years except for 'Thompson Seedless', which was the slowest when waxed. The drying rate does not explain why the two natural DOV genotypes dry without cutting canes. The cultivars did not differ in cuticle or wax thickness, except one DOV selection had more wax, which should have caused slow drying rates. The DOV genotypes do not develop higher sugar levels early as might be expected. The causes that induce natural drying of grape fruit into raisins remain to be found. There may be other factors such as water transport out of the berry and through the leaves that might be causing the initiation of the natural DOV phenomena. C1 ARS, USDA, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Ramming, DW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-34-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1046 BP 281 EP 286 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5QL UT WOS:000344023100037 ER PT S AU Cousins, P Garris, A AF Cousins, P. Garris, A. BE Reisch, BI Londo, J TI Quality Improvement in 'Vignoles' through Clonal Selection SO X INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND GENETICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics CY AUG 01-05, 2010 CL Geneva, NY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Vitis; Botrytis; bunch rot; cluster; architecture; looseness AB 'Vignoles' is a valuable component of the wine grape cultivar portfolio in the eastern United States. Because it is relatively winter hardy, 'Vignoles' is grown in such diverse locations as New York, Missouri, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Nebraska and Michigan. However, Vignoles has tight clusters prone to bunch rot, and losses up to one third of the crop are possible. Despite consumer demand for Vignoles, its production is limited by bunch rot susceptibility associated with compact cluster architecture. Our goal is to select a loose-clustered clone of 'Vignoles' that will contribute to an integrated approach to disease control. Following gamma radiation, irradiated buds and non-irradiated controls were bench grafted onto 3309C rootstock. A total of 2,336 vines, including 30 non-mutagenized 'Vignoles' control vines, were planted in 2007 (500 vines) and in 2008 (1,839 vines). The experimental vineyard is located at the Cornell Lake Erie Research and Extension Laboratory (Portland, New York) in the Lake Erie shore grape and wine production region. Vines were cultivated in grow tubes and drip irrigated to promote rapid vine establishment and growth. The vines were trained to a bilateral cordon, spur pruned, and cultivated following standard practices for hybrid wine grape cultivars in western New York, including fertilization and weed, pest, and disease management. Many clones planted in 2007 fruited in 2008, but fruit was dropped to encourage vegetative establishment. The generation of new clones and the establishment of the vineyard are complete. The second stage of the project is evaluation of cluster looseness and bunch rot susceptibility. A pyramidal selection approach for cluster compactness is being followed, using berries per centimeter as a measure of cluster compactness. We have identified several clones with looser clusters than control, non-mutagenized 'Vignoles' vines. C1 [Cousins, P.] Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Garris, A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, New York, NY USA. RP Cousins, P (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. FU United States Department of Agriculture; National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Viticulture Consortium (USDA NIFA); New York Wine & Grape Foundation FX Funding for this project was received from United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Viticulture Consortium (USDA NIFA), and the New York Wine & Grape Foundation. We extend special thanks to the people and organizations who have contributed to the success of the project, including Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, the Cornell Lake Erie Research and Extension Laboratory Viticulture Research Operations Team, Terry Bates, Jodi Creasap Gee, Kas Deys, Rick Dunst, Debra Johnston, Kelly Link, and Jason Plate. The winemakers and grape growers of New York and the eastern United States inspired this project and provided essential guidance. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-34-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1046 BP 287 EP 290 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5QL UT WOS:000344023100038 ER PT S AU Ramming, DW Cousins, P AF Ramming, D. W. Cousins, P. BE Reisch, BI Londo, J TI Development of Table and Raisin Grapes with High Anthocyanins Using a Leaf Disk Assay SO X INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND GENETICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics CY AUG 01-05, 2010 CL Geneva, NY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE breeding; red flesh; teinturier; Vitis vinifera ID ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; VACCINIUM AB Anthocyanins are considered an excellent source of antioxidant phytochemicals for health benefits. The majority of wine, table and raisin grapes have anthocyanins only in their colored skin. Anthocyanin content of grapes would be increased if their flesh also contained anthocyanins. C33-30, a seedless female flowered table grape with red skin and clear flesh berries was hybridized with the 'Rubired' wine grape, which has black skin and red flesh berries. The F-1 progeny segregated in a 3 colored: 1 white skin and 1 red: 1 clear flesh ratio for colored berries. The seedling expressing the highest level of anthocyanin in the flesh and skin was similar to 'Rubired'. Seven modified backcross families were created by crossing red flesh seeded F-1 selections with seedless red skin table or white skin raisin grapes. Skin color segregated as a single dominant gene as expected. One red flesh parent was heterozygous for skin color and the rest were homozygous. Only seedlings with colored skin had red flesh. Flesh color segregated as a 1 red: 1 clear in three of the families or in a 2: 1 ratio or higher in four families. One red flesh parent produced an abnormally high percentage (>80%) of red flesh seedlings. Leaf color in the leaf disk assay correlated well with flesh color in the F-1 family. Seedlings that developed 0 to 20% anthocyanin in the leaf disk assay had clear flesh with white, red or black skin (32% of BC1 population). However 19% of red flesh seedlings would have been discarded using this selection criterion. Part of this discrepancy is due to the fact that leaves taken too early in their development from greenhouse grown plants did not develop anthocyanin. C1 [Ramming, D. W.] ARS, USDA, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Cousins, P.] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY USA. RP Ramming, DW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. FU USDA/ARS and California Raisin Marketing Board FX Funding for this project was provided by the USDA/ARS and California Raisin Marketing Board. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-34-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1046 BP 291 EP 295 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5QL UT WOS:000344023100039 ER PT S AU Yang, YZ Zhong, GY AF Yang, Yingzhen Zhong, Gan-Yuan BE Reisch, BI Londo, J TI Characterization of a Vitis GAI Promoter in Arabidopsis SO X INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND GENETICS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics CY AUG 01-05, 2010 CL Geneva, NY SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Vitis vinifera; GA insensitive; promoter activities; stamen; filament ID DELLA PROTEINS; GIBBERELLIN; THALIANA; DWARFISM; MUTATION; GROWTH; MUTANT AB The GAI (GA insensitive) gene plays a central role in plant gibberellin signaling. Mutations in a GAI gene can result in changes of plant architecture and other traits, thus providing potential opportunities for crop improvement. As a step towards exploring GAI variants for the improvement of grapevines (Vitis vinifera), we cloned a 2kb promoter region of the grape GAI gene from V. vinifera and characterized its activities in Arabidopsis thaliana, along with that of a GAI promoter from Arabidopsis and the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus. These three promoters were each fused to the GUS reporter gene (beta-glucuronidase) (designated as pVv::GUS, pAt::GUS and p35S::GUS, respectively). GUS expression patterns driven by the three promoters were visually examined at both seedling and reproductive stages in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Our results demonstrated that both VvGAI and AtGAI promoters showed strong activities in actively growing tissues including young shoots and new leaves, root tips, lateral root primordia, and young inflorescences. The GAI promoter activity was significantly reduced in older leaves, roots and stems, suggesting a very tight developmental control of GAI expression. Some subtle differences in the reporter activity were observed between VvGAI and AtGAI promoters in the stamen filaments of flowers and layers of the mature roots. The pVv::GUS construct had much stronger expression in stamen filaments than pAt::GUS while pAt::GUS showed more stained cell layers in the roots, suggesting that the regulatory control system for the same GAI gene could vary in different species. A major difference in expression activities between 35S and GAI promoters was found in roots. At seedling stages, strong reporter expression was observed for 35S::GUS in all root tissues including primary, lateral and tertiary roots, but there was almost no visible reporter expression in the primary roots of either pVv: GUS or pAt::GUS plants. C1 [Yang, Yingzhen; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Yang, YZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-34-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1046 BP 379 EP 384 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5QL UT WOS:000344023100051 ER PT S AU Olivera-Olivera, V Morales-Payan, JP Robles, W Goenaga, R AF Olivera-Olivera, V. Morales-Payan, J. P. Robles, W. Goenaga, R. BE McArtney, SJ Spann, T TI Effects of Biostimulants on Fruits of Pulasan [Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labillardiere) Leenhouts] SO XII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT BIOREGULATORS IN FRUIT PRODUCTION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Plant Bioregulators in Fruit Production CY JUL 28-AUG 01, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE fruit set; fruit size ID BRASSINOSTEROIDS AB Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) is a tropical fruit crop in the Sapindaceae family. Native to Malaysia, pulasan is considered an exotic fruit with potential as a commercial crop in Puerto Rico. Large fruit size and enhanced quality may increase the market value of pulasan. In other fruit crops, biostimulants have been shown to increase yield and/or quality, but there are no reports of biostimulant effects on pulasan. A field experiment was conducted in 2012 in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, spraying the foliage to run-off with one of four treatments: (1) control plants without exogenous biostimulants, (2) a commercial extract of marine alga Ascophyllum nodosum (Stimplex (TM)) (AN) at the rate of 2 L/ha applied every 2 weeks for a total of 7 applications, (3) a commercial mixture of free amino acids and potassium (Amino-Quelant K Low pH (TM)) (AAK) at the rate of 2 L/ha applied every 2 weeks for a total of 7 applications, and (4) a commercial extract of natural brassinolides from plants (ComCat (TM)) (NB) at the rate of 100 g/ha applied every 4 weeks for a total of 4 applications. All the biostimulants were first sprayed 8 weeks after anthesis at rates suggested by the manufacturers. Trees treated with AAK had fruits with the same diameter and weight as control trees, but with lower soluble solid concentration in the pulp. Spraying trees with AN did not affect fruit weight, diameter, and soluble solids concentration in the pulp, but significantly increased seed weight as compared to the check. Trees treated with NB had significantly heavier and larger fruits, with the heaviest pericarps, but with significantly less soluble solid concentration in the pulp than untreated trees. C1 [Olivera-Olivera, V.; Morales-Payan, J. P.; Robles, W.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez Campus, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Goenaga, R.] TARS, USDA, Mayaguez, PR 00682 USA. RP Olivera-Olivera, V (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez Campus, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. FU Acadian SeaPlants Ltd. ( Nova Scotia, Canada) FX We acknowledge the support of Acadian SeaPlants Ltd. ( Nova Scotia, Canada) for this research. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-31-6 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1042 BP 101 EP 104 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5MT UT WOS:000343940600012 ER PT J AU van Noort, S Buffington, ML Forshage, M AF van Noort, Simon Buffington, Matthew L. Forshage, Mattias TI Review of Afrotropical Figitinae (Figitidae, Cynipoidea, Hymenoptera) with the first records of Neralsia and Lonchidia for the region SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Africa; Afrotropical; Cynipoidea; Figitidae; identification key; species description; taxonomy ID REVISION; CAMERON; PHYLOGENY; PARASITES AB The cynipoid subfamily Figitinae is poorly represented in the Afrotropical region with two genera (Figites Latreille and Xyalophora Kieffer) and six species currently known. Here we record an additional two genera (Neralsia Cameron and Lonchidia Thomson) for the region and describe three new species: Neralsia haddocki sp. n.; Xyalophora tedjoansi sp. n.; Xyalophora tintini sp. n. Benoit's species described in 1956 are synonymized under Figites aciculatus (Benoit, 1956): Figites effossus syn. n.; F. favonius syn. n.; F.furvus syn. n.; F.fraudator syn. n. Identification keys to the figitine genera and species occurring in the Afrotropical region are provided. C1 [van Noort, Simon] Iziko South African Museum, Nat Hist Dept, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. [van Noort, Simon] Univ Cape Town, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Forshage, Mattias] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. RP van Noort, S (reprint author), Iziko South African Museum, Nat Hist Dept, POB 61, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. EM svannoort@iziko.org.za RI van Noort, Simon/C-4006-2017 OI van Noort, Simon/0000-0001-6930-9741 FU South African NRF (National Research Foundation) [GUN 2068865, GUN 61497, GUN 79004, GUN 79211, GUN 81139]; WWF-US; WWF-CARPO; Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA/ARS FX Simon van Noort was funded by South African NRF (National Research Foundation) grants: GUN 2068865; GUN 61497; GUN 79004; GUN 79211; GUN 81139. Field work by SvN was supported by WWF-US and WWF-CARPO. The Ministers of Water, Forests and the Environment and the High Commissioners for tertiary Education and Research of the Central African Republic granted permission to carry out the inventory survey and to export the specimens as part of the WWF-US CAR field expedition conducted in 2001. MLB was funded by the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA/ARS. We also acknowledge MorphBank (http://www.morphbank.net), Florida State University, School of Computational Science, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4026 USA. The collections in SAMC have been made available through considerable curatorial efforts by Dawn Larsen and Aisha Mayekiso. Thank you to Eliane de Coninck (RMCA); Christoffer Fagerstrom and Christer Hansson (ZMLU); and David Notton (BMNH), for hosting visits to their entomology collections and for loan of material. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 453 BP 37 EP 69 DI 10.3897/zookeys.453.8511 PG 33 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AT0SF UT WOS:000344644500003 PM 25493059 ER PT J AU Woodley, NE AF Woodley, Norman E. TI A new species of Cyphomyia Wiedemann from the Dominican Republic with a key to Caribbean species of the genus (Diptera, Stratiomyidae, Clitellariinae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Neotropical Region; Caribbean; Dominican Republic; taxonomy; new species AB A new species of Cyphomyia Wiedemann, C. baoruco sp. n., is described from the Dominican Republic. A key to the species of Cyphomyia known from the Caribbean islands is provided. C1 USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Woodley, NE (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst NHB 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM norman.woodley@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 453 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.3897/zookeys.453.8623 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AT0SF UT WOS:000344644500005 PM 25493061 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Triana, JL Whitfield, JB Rodriguez, JJ Smith, MA Janzen, DH Hallwachs, WD Hajibabaei, M Burns, JM Solis, MA Brown, J Cardinal, S Goulet, H Hebert, PDN AF Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. Whitfield, James B. Rodriguez, Josephine J. Smith, M. Alex Janzen, Daniel H. Hallwachs, Winnie D. Hajibabaei, Mehrdad Burns, John M. Solis, M. Alma Brown, John Cardinal, Sophie Goulet, Henri Hebert, Paul D. N. TI Review of Apanteles sensu stricto (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, with keys to all described species from Mesoamerica SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Review DE Apanteles; Microgastrinae; Braconidae; taxonomy; parasitoid biology; DNA barcoding; Lepidoptera; caterpillar rearing; Malaise traps; tropical biodiversity; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; Costa Rica; Mesoamerica; Lucid software; Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology website ID PARASITOID FLIES DIPTERA; DNA BARCODES; NEW-WORLD; GENUS; BIODIVERSITY; TAXONOMY; AMERICA; LEPIDOPTERA; INTEGRATION; TACHINIDAE AB More than half a million specimens of wild-caught Lepidoptera caterpillars have been reared for their parasitoids, identified, and DNA barcoded over a period of 34 years (and ongoing) from Area de Conservacion de Guanacaste (ACG), northwestern Costa Rica. This provides the world's best location-based dataset for studying the taxonomy and host relationships of caterpillar parasitoids. Among Hymenoptera, Microgastrinae (Braconidae) is the most diverse and commonly encountered parasitoid subfamily, with many hundreds of species delineated to date, almost all undescribed. Here, we reassess the limits of the genus Apanteles sensu stricto, describe 186 new species from 3,200+ parasitized caterpillars of hundreds of ACG Lepidoptera species, and provide keys to all 205 described Apanteles from Mesoamerica -including 19 previously described species in addition to the new species. The Mesoamerican Apanteles are assigned to 32 species-groups, all but two of which are newly defined. Taxonomic keys are presented in two formats: traditional dichotomous print versions and links to electronic interactive versions (software Lucid 3.5). Numerous illustrations, computer-generated descriptions, distributional information, wasp biology, and DNA barcodes (where available) are presented for every species. All morphological terms are detailed and linked to the Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology website. DNA barcodes (a standard fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial gene), information on wasp biology (host records, solitary/gregariousness of wasp larvae), ratios of morphological features, and wasp microecological distributions were used to help clarify boundaries between morphologically cryptic species within species-complexes. Because of the high accuracy of host identification for about 80% of the wasp species studied, it was possible to analyze host relationships at a regional level. The ACG species of Apanteles attack mainly species of Hesperiidae, Elachistidae and Crambidae (Lepidoptera). About 90% of the wasp species with known host records seem to be monophagous or oligophagous at some level, parasitizing just one host family and commonly, just one species of caterpillar. Only 15 species (9%) parasitize species in more than one family, and some of these cases are likely to be found to be species complexes. We have used several information sources and techniques (traditional taxonomy, molecular, software-based, biology, and geography) to accelerate the process of finding and describing these new species in a hyperdiverse group such as Apanteles. The following new taxonomic and nomenclatural acts are proposed. Four species previously considered to be Apanteles are transferred to other microgastrine genera: Dolichogenidea hedyleptae (Muesebeck, 1958), comb. n., Dolichogenidea politiventris (Muesebeck, 1958), comb. n., Rhygoplitis sanctivincenti (Ashmead, 1900), comb. n., and Illidops scutellaris (Muesebeck, 1921), comb. rev. One European species that is a secondary homonym to a Mesoamerican species is removed from Apanteles and transferred to another genus: Iconella albinervis (Tobias, 1964), stat. rev. The name Apanteles albinervican Shenefelt, 1972, is an invalid replacement name for Apanteles albinervis (Cameron, 1904), stat. rev., and thus the later name is reinstated as valid. The following 186 species, all in Apanteles and all authored by Fernandez-Triana, are described as species nova: adelinamoralesae, adrianachavarriae, adrianaguilarae, adrianguadamuzi, aichagirardae, aidalopezae, albanjimenezi, alejandromasisi, alejandromorai, minorcarmonai, alvarougaldei, federicomatarritai, anabellecordobae, rostermoragai, anamarencoae, anamartinesae, anapiedrae, anariasae, andreacalvoae, angelsolisi, arielopezi, bernardoespinozai, bernyapui, bettymarchenae, bienvenidachavarriae, calixtomoragai, carloscastilloi, carlosguadamuzi, eliethcantillanoae, carlosrodriguezi, carlosviquezi, carloszunigai, carolinacanoae, christianzunigai, cinthiabarrantesae, ciriloumanai, cristianalemani, cynthiacorderoae, deifiliadavilae, dickyui, didiguadamuzi, diegoalpizari, diegotorresi, diniamartinezae, duniagarciae, duvalierbricenoi, edgarjimenezi, edithlopezae, eduardoramirezi, edwinapui, eldarayae, erickduartei, esthercentenoae, eugeniaphilipsae, eulogiosequeira, felipechavarriai, felixcarmonai, fernandochavarriai, flormoralesae, franciscopizarroi, franciscoramirezi, freddyquesadai, freddysalazari, gabrielagutierrezae, garygibsoni, gerardobandoi, gerardosandovali, gladysrojasae, glenriverai, gloriasihezarae, guadaluperodriguezae, guillermopereirai, juanmatai, harryramirezi, hectorsolisi, humbertolopezi, inesolisae, irenecarrilloae, isaacbermudezi, isidrochaconi, isidrovillegasi, ivonnetranae, jairomoyai, javiercontrerasi, javierobandoi, javiersihezari, jesusbrenesi, jesusugaldei, jimmychevezi, johanvargasi, jorgecortesi, jorgehernandezi, josecalvoi, josecortesi, josediazi, josejaramilloi, josemonteroi, joseperezi, joserasi, juanapui, juancarrilloi, juangazoi, juanhernandezi, juanlopezi, juanvictori, juliodiazi, juniorlopezi, keineraragoni, laurahuberae, laurenmoralesae, leninguadamuzi, leonelgarayi, lilliammenae, lisabearssae, luciariosae, luisbrizuelai, luiscanalesi, luiscantillanoi, luisgarciai, luisgaritai, luishernandezi, luislopezi, luisvargasi, manuelarayai, manuelpereirai, manuelriosi, manuelzumbadoi, marcobustosi, marcogonzalezi, marcovenicioi, mariachavarriae mariaguevarae, marialuisariasae, mariamendezae, marianopereirai, mariatorrentesae, sigifredomarini, marisolarroyoae, marisolnavarroae, marvinmendozai, mauriciogurdiani, milenagutierrezae, monicachavarriae, oscarchavesi, osvaldoespinozai, pablotranai, pabloumanai, pablovasquezi, paulaixcamparijae, luzmariaromeroae, petronariosae, randallgarciai, randallmartinezi, raulacevedoi, raulsolorsanoi, wadyobandoi, ricardocaleroi, robertmontanoi, robertoespinozai, robertovargasi, rodrigogamezi, rogerblancoi, rolandoramosi, rolandovegai, ronaldcastroi, ronaldgutierrezi, ronaldmurilloi, ronaldnavarroi, ronaldquirosi, ronaldzunigai, rosibelelizondoae, ruthfrancoae, sergiocascantei, sergioriosi, tiboshartae, vannesabrenesae, minornavarroi, victorbarrantesi, waldymedinai, wilbertharayai, williamcamposi, yeissonchavesi, yilbertalvaradoi, yolandarojasae, hazelcambroneroae, zeneidabolanosae. C1 [Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.; Smith, M. Alex; Hajibabaei, Mehrdad; Goulet, Henri; Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.; Smith, M. Alex; Hajibabaei, Mehrdad; Goulet, Henri; Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.; Cardinal, Sophie] Canadian Natl Collect Insects, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Whitfield, James B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Rodriguez, Josephine J.] Univ Virginias Coll Wise, Dept Nat Sci, Wise, VA 24293 USA. [Janzen, Daniel H.; Hallwachs, Winnie D.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Burns, John M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Solis, M. Alma; Brown, John] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Fernandez-Triana, JL (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM jftriana@uoguelph.ca RI Smith, M Alex/B-4468-2013; Hebert, Paul/C-4161-2013 OI Smith, M Alex/0000-0002-8650-2575; Hebert, Paul/0000-0002-3081-6700 FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; U.S. N.S.F. [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California, a NSF Doctoral Dissertation Enhancement Program award [OISE-0809175]; Clark Research Support Grant from School of Integrative Biology (University of Illinois); Herbert H. Ross Memorial Award (Illinois Natural History Survey); U.S. National Science Foundation [BSR 9024770, DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699]; Wege Foundation; International Conservation Fund of Canada; Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust; Blue Moon Fund; Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; JRS Biodiversity Foundation; Permian Limited; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; Smithsonian Institution; SEL-USDA of the USA; University of Pennsylvania; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute [2008-0GI-ICI-03] FX JFT is greatly indebted to many CNC colleagues who helped with the manuscript in countless ways: John Huber, Gary Gibson, Caroline Boudreault, Jennifer Read, Lisa Bearss, Owen Londsdale, and Andrew Bennett. Istvan Miko (University of Pennsylvania, US) provided extraordinary support with the analysis of morphological terms. John Noyes and Mark Shaw kindly revised parts of early drafts of the paper, and their suggestions helped to improved the final manuscript. Gavin Broad (British Museum of Natural History, UK) and Robert Kula (Smithsonian Institution, US) loaned type material and other specimens used for this paper. JJR was supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by U.S. N.S.F. (Grant #EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California, a NSF Doctoral Dissertation Enhancement Program award OISE-0809175, the Clark Research Support Grant from School of Integrative Biology (University of Illinois) and the Herbert H. Ross Memorial Award (Illinois Natural History Survey). The Barcode of Life Initiative at the University of Guelph is graciously acknowledged for DNA bardoding, data analyses, and neighbor joining trees throughout the project. The study was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants BSR 9024770 and DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699 to DHJ, and grants from the Wege Foundation, International Conservation Fund of Canada, Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust, Blue Moon Fund, Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, JRS Biodiversity Foundation, Permian Limited, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Smithsonian Institution, SEL-USDA of the USA, and the University of Pennsylvania (DHJ). MAS was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery and Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) Leaders Opportunity Fund grants. Laboratory analyses on sequences generated since 2009 were funded by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute (2008-0GI-ICI-03). The reviews of Andrew Austin (Australia) and Kees van Achterberg (the Netherlands) considerably improved the final version of the manuscript. NR 92 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 17 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 383 SI SI BP 1 EP 565 DI 10.3897/zookeys.383.6418 PG 565 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AC2ZS UT WOS:000332385400001 ER PT J AU Sullivan, AP May, AA Lee, T McMeeking, GR Kreidenweis, SM Akagi, SK Yokelson, RJ Urbanski, SP Collett, JL AF Sullivan, A. P. May, A. A. Lee, T. McMeeking, G. R. Kreidenweis, S. M. Akagi, S. K. Yokelson, R. J. Urbanski, S. P. Collett, J. L., Jr. TI Airborne characterization of smoke marker ratios from prescribed burning SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS; LIQUID SAMPLER PILS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; TRACE GASES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; UNITED-STATES; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; PARTICULATE MATTER AB A Particle-Into-Liquid Sampler - Total Organic Carbon (PILS-TOC) and fraction collector system was flown aboard a Twin Otter aircraft sampling prescribed burning emissions in South Carolina in November 2011 to obtain smoke marker measurements. The fraction collector provided 2 min time-integrated offline samples for carbohydrate (i.e., smoke markers levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan) analysis by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Each fire location appeared to have a unique Delta levoglucosan/Delta water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) ratio (RF01/RF02/RF03/RF05 = 0.163 +/- 0.007 mu g C mu g(-1) C, RF08 = 0.115 +/- 0.011 mu g C mu g(-1) C, RF09A = 0.072 +/- 0.028 mu g C mu g(-1) C, and RF09B = 0.042 +/- 0.008 mu g C mu g(-1) C, where RF means research flight). These ratios were comparable to those obtained from controlled laboratory burns and suggested that the emissions sampled during RF01/F02/RF03/RF05 were dominated by the burning of grasses, RF08 by leaves, RF09A by needles, and RF09B by marsh grasses. These findings were further supported by the Delta galactosan/Delta levoglucosan ratios (RF01/RF02/RF03/RF05 = 0.067 +/- 0.004 mu g mu g(-1), RF08 = 0.085 +/- 0.009 mu g mu g(-1), and RF09A = 0.101 +/- 0.029 mu g mu g(-1)) obtained as well as by the ground-based fuel and filter sample analyses during RF01/RF02/RF03/RF05. Differences between Delta potassium/Delta levoglucosan ratios obtained for these prescribed fires vs. laboratory-scale measurements suggest that some laboratory burns may not accurately represent potassium emissions from prescribed burns. The Delta levoglucosan/Delta WSOC ratio had no clear dependence on smoke age or fire dynamics suggesting that this ratio is more dependent on the type of fuel being burned. Levoglucosan was stable over a timescale of at least 1.5 h and could be useful to help estimate the air quality impacts of biomass burning. C1 [Sullivan, A. P.; May, A. A.; Lee, T.; McMeeking, G. R.; Kreidenweis, S. M.; Collett, J. L., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Akagi, S. K.; Yokelson, R. J.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Urbanski, S. P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Sullivan, AP (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sullivan@atmos.colostate.edu RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; May, Andrew/E-8498-2012; Collett, Jeffrey/F-2862-2010; Kreidenweis, Sonia/E-5993-2011 OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; May, Andrew/0000-0001-7908-8815; Collett, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9180-508X; Kreidenweis, Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914 FU Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 11-1-5-12]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [RC-1649] FX We acknowledge funding from the Joint Fire Science Program under Project JFSP 11-1-5-12 and the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) project RC-1649. We thank R. J. Weber for generously providing some of the parts used in the PILS rack. We also thank E. J. T. Levin for his help in assembling the rack. We additionally acknowledge the Twin Otter Science Team, especially our pilot B. Mank and mechanic S. Woods. Lastly, special thanks to J. Maitland and his team at Fort Jackson, who conducted those burns, and the Columbia Dispatch Office of the South Carolina Forestry Commission for providing information on the additional burns. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 26 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 19 BP 10535 EP 10545 DI 10.5194/acp-14-10535-2014 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AS3GF UT WOS:000344164800009 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Lee, X Griffis, TJ Baker, JM Xiao, W AF Zhang, X. Lee, X. Griffis, T. J. Baker, J. M. Xiao, W. TI Estimating regional greenhouse gas fluxes: an uncertainty analysis of planetary boundary layer techniques and bottom-up inventories SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ECOSYSTEM-ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUXES; TALL TOWER; UNITED-STATES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; EDDY COVARIANCE; CONCENTRATION FOOTPRINT; HARDWOOD FOREST; AMERIFLUX DATA; SCALAR FLUXES AB Quantification of regional greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes is essential for establishing mitigation strategies and evaluating their effectiveness. Here, we used multiple top-down approaches and multiple trace gas observations at a tall tower to estimate regional-scale GHG fluxes and evaluate the GHG fluxes derived from bottom-up approaches. We first applied the eddy covariance, equilibrium, inverse modeling (CarbonTracker), and flux aggregation methods using 3 years of carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements on a 244m tall tower in the upper Midwest, USA. We then applied the equilibrium method for estimating CH4 and N2O fluxes with 1-month high-frequency CH4 and N2O gradient measurements on the tall tower and 1-year concentration measurements on a nearby tall tower, and evaluated the uncertainties of this application. The results indicate that (1) the flux aggregation, eddy covariance, the equilibrium method, and the CarbonTracker product all gave similar seasonal patterns of the regional CO2 flux (10(5)-10(6) km(2)), but that the equilibrium method underestimated the July CO2 flux by 52-69 %. (2) The annual budget varied among these methods from -54 to -131 g C-CO2 m(-2) yr(-1), indicating a large uncertainty in the annual CO2 flux estimation. (3) The regional CH4 and N2O emissions according to a top-down method were at least 6 and 2 times higher than the emissions from a bottom-up inventory (Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research), respectively. (4) The global warming potentials of the CH4 and N2O emissions were equal in magnitude to the cooling benefit of the regional CO2 uptake. The regional GHG budget, including both biological and anthropogenic origins, is estimated at 7 +/- 160 gCO(2) equivalent m(-2) yr(-1). C1 [Zhang, X.; Lee, X.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Lee, X.; Xiao, W.] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Yale NUIST Ctr Atmospher Environm, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Griffis, T. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Baker, J. M.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM zhangxin.yale@gmail.com RI Griffis, Timothy/A-5707-2011; Xiao, Wei/G-6586-2012; Zhang, Xin/K-8264-2016 OI Xiao, Wei/0000-0002-9199-2177; Zhang, Xin/0000-0003-1619-1537 FU USDA [NIFA/2010-65112-20528]; Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies; Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy Research Prize Fellowship; NOAA's Climate Program Office FX We would like to thank the University of Minnesota UMore Park for use of the facilities, and Matt Erickson (Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota) for providing technical support for the tall tower measurement. Funding was provided by USDA NIFA/2010-65112-20528, the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, and the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy Research Prize Fellowship. Measurements at the WBI tower were funded by NOAA's Climate Program Office and are part of NOAA's contributions to the North American Carbon Program. We thank Charles Stanier from the University of Iowa and his students for supporting the NOAA PFP measurements at the WBI tower. CarbonTracker CT2011_oi results provided by NOAA ESRL, Boulder, Colorado, USA from the website at http://carbontracker.noaa.gov. NR 81 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 10 U2 31 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 19 BP 10705 EP 10719 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AS3GF UT WOS:000344164800019 ER PT J AU Berentsen, AR Johnson, SR VerCauteren, KC AF Berentsen, Are R. Johnson, Shylo R. VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Bait matrix flavor preference by mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) in Puerto Rico: Implications for Oral Rabies Vaccination SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge; Caribbean; El Yunque National Forest; wildlife diseases ID FIELD PERFORMANCE; STRIPED SKUNKS; UNITED-STATES; JAVANICUS; RACCOONS; ONRAB(R); CANADA; FOREST; USA AB The small Indian mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus) is the primary rabies vector in Puerto Rico. Mongooses are implicated in up to 74% of rabies cases on the island, and pose a threat to domestic animals and human health and safety. No rabies management program exists in Puerto Rico and development of an oral rabies vaccination program requires determining which flavors on the vaccine's bait coating matrix that are attractive to mongooses. Our objective was to evaluate preference among three flavors (cheese, coconut and fish) in the Ultralite bait matrix that is used for delivery of Rabies Vaccine, Live Adenovirus Vector (ONRAB (R)). Placebo baits were offered to free-ranging mongooses in two different ecological environments. The study was conducted at El Yunque National Forest and Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge. At each site we established bait stations with three bait flavors offered simultaneously. We placed a remote camera at each station to monitor bait fate. Cheese ranked higher than fish flavor (W = 1473, P = 0.0273) and cheese and fish both ranked significantly higher than coconut (W = 2180.5, P < 0.0001 and W = 2065.0, P = 0.0008, respectively). These results suggest cheese and fish flavors should perform better than coconut flavor in attracting free-ranging mongooses to consume ONRAB (R) baits in Puerto Rico. C1 [Berentsen, Are R.; Johnson, Shylo R.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Berentsen, AR (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Are.R.Berentsen@aphis.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2014 VL 48 IS 1 BP 52 EP 58 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA AR7TG UT WOS:000343782100007 ER PT J AU Armstrong, PR AF Armstrong, Paul R. TI Development and Evaluation of a Near-Infrared Instrument for Single-Seed Compositional Measurement of Wheat Kernels SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-CONTENT; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSMITTANCE; PREDICTION; ATTRIBUTES; WEIGHT AB A single-kernel, near-infrared reflectance instrument was designed, built, and tested for its ability to measure composition and traits in wheat kernels. The major objective of the work was targeted at improving an existing design concept of an instrument used for larger seeds such as soybeans and corn but in this case designed for small seeds. Increases in throughput were sought by using a vacuum to convey seeds without compromising measurement accuracy. Instrument performance was evaluated by examining measurement accuracy of wheat kernel moisture, protein content, and kernel mass. Spectral measurements were obtained on individual wheat kernels as they were conveyed by air through an illuminated tube. Partial least squares (PLS) prediction models for these constituents were then developed and evaluated. PLS single-kernel moisture predictions had a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) around 0.5% MC wet basis; protein prediction models had an RMSEP near 0.70%. Prediction of mass was not as good but still provided a reasonable estimate of single-kernel mass, with RMSEP values of 2.8-4 mg. Data showed that kernel mass and protein content were not correlated, in contrast to some previous research. Overall, results showed the instrument performed comparably to other single-seed instruments or methods based on accuracy but with an increased throughput at a rate of at least 4 seeds/s. C1 USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Armstrong, PR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 91 IS 1 BP 23 EP 28 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-07-13-0132-R PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SF UT WOS:000343779100004 ER PT J AU Peiris, KHS Dong, YH Bockus, WW Dowell, FE AF Peiris, Kamaranga H. S. Dong, Yanhong Bockus, William W. Dowell, Floyd E. TI Single-Kernel Near-Infrared Analysis for Evaluating Wheat Samples for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; DEOXYNIVALENOL; SCAB; ACCUMULATION; GRAMINEARUM AB This report describes a method to estimate the bulk deoxynivalenol (DON) content of wheat grain samples with the single-kernel DON levels estimated by a single-kernel near-infrared (SKNIR) system combined with single-kernel weights. The described method estimated the bulk DON levels in 90% of 160 grain samples to within 6.7 ppm of DON when compared with the DON content determined with the gas chromatography mass spectrometry method. The single-kernel DON analysis showed that the DON content among DON-containing kernels (DCKs) varied considerably. The analysis of the distribution of DON levels among all kernels and among the DCKs of grain samples is helpful for the in-depth evaluation of the effect of varieties or fungicides on Fusarium head blight (FHB) reactions. The SKNIR DON analysis and estimation of the single-kernel DON distribution patterns demonstrated in this study may be helpful for wheat breeders to evaluate the FHB resistance of varieties in relation to their resistance to the spread of the disease and resistance to DON accumulation. C1 [Peiris, Kamaranga H. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dong, Yanhong] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN USA. [Bockus, William W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dowell, Floyd E.] ARS, USDA, CGAHR, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Dowell, FE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CGAHR, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM floyd.dowell@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 91 IS 1 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-11-12-0157-R PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SF UT WOS:000343779100006 ER PT J AU Liu, KS AF Liu, Keshun TI Treating Thin Stillage and Condensed Distillers Solubles with Phytase for Production of Low-Phytate Coproducts SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL PHYTASE; PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION; MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS; DRIED GRAINS; CORN; ACID; ETHANOL; FEED; PROFILE AB Fuel ethanol production from grains is mainly based on dry-grind processing, during which phytate is concentrated about threefold in distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), a major coproduct. To reduce phytate in DDGS, Natuphos and Ronozyme industrial phytase preparations were used to treat commercially made thin stillage (TS). Changes in phosphorous (P) profile were monitored, and effects of reaction temperature, time, and enzyme concentration were investigated. Results showed that at a temperature <= 60 degrees C for Natuphos phytase (<= 70 degrees C for Ronozyme phytase) and a concentration <= 4.8 FTU/rnL of TS for Natuphos phytase (<= 48 FYT/mL for Ronozyme phytase), a complete phytate hydrolysis (phytate P decreased to 0) could be achieved within 5-60 min of enzymatic treatment. Reduction in phytate P was generally accompanied by increase in inorganic P, whereas total P remained relatively unchanged. When condensed distillers solubles (CDS), the concentrated form of TS, was used as the substrate, phytate hydrolysis by each of the two enzyme preparations was as effective as on TS. Because a previous study from the author's laboratory showed that all types of P are mostly concentrated in TS and CDS but much less in distillers wet grains, phytase treatments of TS and CDS described in the present study can be an effective means in producing low-phytate DDGS. C1 ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Liu, KS (reprint author), ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM keshun.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 91 IS 1 BP 72 EP 78 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-04-13-0072-R PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SF UT WOS:000343779100012 ER PT S AU Larco, H Strik, B Sullivan, DM Bryla, D AF Larco, H. Strik, B. Sullivan, D. M. Bryla, D. BE Biala, J Prange, R Raviv, M TI Mulch Effects on Highbush Blueberry under Organic Management SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ORGANIC MATTER MANAGEMENT AND COMPOST USE IN HORTICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Organic Matter Management and Compost Use in Horticulture CY APR 07, 2011 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Vaccinium corymbosum; compost; sawdust; mulch; weed mat; landscape fabric; raised beds; nutrient; nitrogen AB A long-term organic blueberry trial was planted in October 2006 in Aurora, Oregon, USA to investigate the effect of mulch on soil and plant nutrient status, plant growth, berry yield, irrigation requirements, and weed control efficacy. Mulch treatments were applied at planting: 1) weed mat (geotextile), 2) Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) sawdust, and 3) compost + sawdust (compost applied to soil, then covered with sawdust). This paper addresses mulch treatment effects on soil and plant nutrient status during the first two years of the trial, and the first berry harvest in year 2 (2008). Yard-debris compost used in the field experiment had a pH of 7.3 and low soluble salt (EC <1 mS/cm). The yard debris compost + sawdust treatment produced greater berry yields than sawdust alone in the first bearing season. Relative berry yields were 100% for weedmat, 90% for sawdust + compost, and 70% for sawdust mulch. The positive effects of compost on berry yield were observed across two cultivars, flat or raised beds, and for two organic fertilizer sources (fish emulsion or feather meal) applied at two rates (29 and 57 kg .ha(-1) N). Soil pH underlying the mulch was lowest (most acidic) with weed mat and highest under sawdust + compost mulch. After two years, compost increased soil organic matter (OM; 0-20 cm) by 9 g .kg(-1) vs. weedmat, while sawdust mulch did not increase soil OM. In summary, compost maintained soil pH in the optimum range for blueberry, provided plant-available cations, increased soil organic matter, and increased berry yield (relative to sawdust alone). The mechanism(s) behind the compost benefit deserve further investigation. C1 [Larco, H.; Strik, B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sullivan, D. M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Bryla, D.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Larco, H (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-04-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1018 BP 375 EP 382 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BB5GK UT WOS:000343858400040 ER PT S AU Millner, PD AF Millner, P. D. BE Biala, J Prange, R Raviv, M TI Pathogen Disinfection Technologies, Metrics, and Regulations for Recycled Organics Used in Horticulture SO I INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ORGANIC MATTER MANAGEMENT AND COMPOST USE IN HORTICULTURE SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Organic Matter Management and Compost Use in Horticulture CY APR 07, 2011 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE composting; bacteria; E. coli O157:H7; Salmonella; Listeria monocytogenes; parasites; viruses; helminthes; food safety; pathogens; HACCP ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157/H7; COMPOSTED SEWAGE-SLUDGE; GROWTH; BIOSOLIDS; SALMONELLA; SURVIVAL; SUPPRESSION; REGROWTH; BACTERIA; INDICATORS AB This report focuses on the efficacy of thermophilic and multi-stage treatment technologies in disinfecting generic E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, parasites, and viruses in recycled organic residuals. Some recyclable organics can contain public health pathogens when delivered to a composting facility. Producing marketable soil amendments that meet high quality food safety standards for fresh produce commodities like leafy greens, tomatoes, onions, and cantaloupes requires diligent process management and record-keeping. Recent advances in composting and digestion technologies along with advances in knowledge of pathogen prevalence, survival, and susceptibility to treatments and natural attenuation provide a substantive foundation for improved sanitary quality of recycled organics for horticultural production. Establishment and use of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plans for facilities producing high quality soil amendments can aid process management for conventional and organic production systems. Use of HACCP approaches supports pathogen risk reduction metrics (e. g., E. coli O157: H7, Salmonella spp.) developed for targeted fresh and fresh-cut horticultural produce. C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety & Sustainable Ag, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Millner, PD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety & Sustainable Ag, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-04-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1018 BP 621 EP 630 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BB5GK UT WOS:000343858400069 ER PT S AU Reed, BM AF Reed, B. M. BE Reed, BM TI Antioxidants and Cryopreservation, the New Normal? SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE antioxidants; cryopreservation; enzyme action; reactive oxygen species; scavenging ID COATED SOMATIC EMBRYOS; DAUCUS-CAROTA L; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SHOOT-TIPS; LIQUID-NITROGEN; VITAMIN-C; DESICCATION; PLANTS; VITRIFICATION; TOLERANCE AB Cryopreservation protocols are established for many plant species. Cryopreservation provides a stable, long-term and low-cost backup that is safe from the diseases or environmental damage that challenge whole plant collections. However, many plants respond poorly to cryopreservation due to osmotic stress or lack of tolerance to low temperatures. Various stresses can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation to toxic levels in cells and tissues. ROS include superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen. Plants have evolved natural antioxidant defense mechanisms to combat the effects of ROS that are produced during physiological stress. These ROS scavenging mechanisms include antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidases, mono-and dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase and catalase. In addition to temperature-induced stresses, cryopreservation protocols have osmotic and chemical effects on plant cells that contribute to the vitrification process, but also increase cellular oxidation. Cryopreservation protocols that include antioxidants during the cryopreservation process resulted in reduced oxidation and increased regrowth of plant tissues. These studies suggest that adding antioxidants should become a standard part of cryopreservation protocols. C1 ARS, USDA, NCGR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Barbara.Reed@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 41 EP 48 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800003 ER PT S AU Walters, C AF Walters, C. BE Reed, BM TI Extreme Biology: Probing Life at Low Water Contents and Temperatures SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE cryopreservation; desiccation; genetic resources; genebanking; germplasm; lipid; glass; viscoelastic; volatiles ID DEVELOPMENTAL HEAT SUM; DESICCATION TOLERANCE; SEED STORAGE; MOLECULAR MOBILITY; CRYOPRESERVATION; PHYSIOLOGY; LONGEVITY; DORMANCY; PLANTS; RECALCITRANCE AB Germplasm that is dried or cryopreserved appears quiescent. However, changes occur in preserved germplasm, albeit slowly. Viability time courses follow a sigmoidal curve where there is a lag phase when changes can't be detected, followed by a period of rapid mortality. Predicting longevity under extreme dry or cold conditions requires that we understand the interactions of temperature, moisture and cell constituents on the duration of the initial lag phase. Moreover, to elucidate why germplasm eventually succumbs, we need better assays to detect change under conditions where changes are presumed to not occur. The conceptual model we use is derived from investigations of movement and structure in visco-elastic materials and centers around measuring the properties of glasses formed in preserved germplasm. Orthodox seeds survive extreme drying and naturally form glasses at ambient temperatures. In contrast, cryopreservation treatments are needed to form glasses in desiccation-sensitive propagules, and strategies vary among labs and tissue types: vitrification by chemical dehydration, freeze desiccation during very slow cooling (similar to 1 degrees C h(-1) to -30 degrees C), or partial air-drying and rapid cooling. The objective of our work consists of measuring the properties of glasses formed in an array of germplasm using different methods. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) can determine the propensity for ice and lipid crystallization and recrystallization events during storage. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) measures structural properties within the formed glasses and temperatures associated with relaxation events that destabilize the glass. The combination of techniques provides unique insight into the mechanisms and kinetics of change as well as thermo-dynamically based estimates of longevity of cryopreserved materials. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Walters, C (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM christina.walters@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 49 EP 56 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800004 ER PT S AU Volk, GM Henk, AD Bonnart, RM Shepherd, A Gross, BL AF Volk, G. M. Henk, A. D. Bonnart, R. M. Shepherd, A. Gross, B. L. BE Reed, BM TI Plant Shoot Tip Response to Treatment with Plant Vitrification Solution # 2 SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE cryopreservation; gene expression; liquid nitrogen ID WATER-CONTENT; CRYOPRESERVATION; BEHAVIOR; CELLS AB Plant cryopreservation has become an effective method to conserve desirable genotypes of vegetatively propagated plant species. In many cases, excised shoot tips are treated with cryoprotectant solutions to prevent the formation of lethal ice during the freezing process. Plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2) is a highly effective cryoprotectant solution that desiccates, permeates, and changes the freezing properties within shoot tips. We summarize a series of experiments that have been performed to better understand the mechanism by which PVS2 interacts with plant cells. Our program has measured toxicity, calorimetric, structural, and genetic responses to PVS2 and LN treatments within the shoot tips of model systems. Despite the toxicity of PVS2, it remains a highly effective vitrification solution for plant shoot tips systems. C1 [Volk, G. M.; Henk, A. D.; Bonnart, R. M.; Shepherd, A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gross, B. L.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 81 EP 84 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800008 ER PT S AU Volk, GM Shepherd, A Bonnart, RM AF Volk, G. M. Shepherd, A. Bonnart, R. M. BE Reed, BM TI Strategies for Improved Efficiency when Implementing Plant Vitrification Techniques SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE cryopreservation; cost efficiency ID CRYOPRESERVATION; CELLS AB Cryopreservation technologies allow vegetatively propagated genetic resources to be preserved for extended lengths of time. Once successful methods have been established, there is a significant time investment to cryopreserve gene bank collections. Our research seeks to identify methods that could improve the efficiency of the cryopreservation process. We estimate the labor and time required to cryopreserve shoot tips that are excised directly from field, greenhouse, or screenhouse conditions. We also provide estimates of the time and labor required to introduce propagules into tissue culture, proliferate them, and then excise shoot tips for cryopreservation. Additionally, we provide some estimates for the time it takes to perform a representative cryopreservation procedure. Finally, we demonstrate that micrografting can be used to assess viability after liquid nitrogen exposure when shoot tips cannot be successfully regenerated when placed directly on a culture medium. Although the micrografting procedure is more labor- and time-intensive, it can also be highly effective especially when recovery media are not well established. C1 [Volk, G. M.; Shepherd, A.; Bonnart, R. M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 85 EP 89 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800009 ER PT S AU Jenderek, MM Ambruzs, B Tanner, J Holman, G Ledbetter, C Postman, J Ellis, D Leslie, C AF Jenderek, M. M. Ambruzs, B. Tanner, J. Holman, G. Ledbetter, C. Postman, J. Ellis, D. Leslie, C. BE Reed, BM TI Extending the Dormant Bud Cryopreservation Method to New Tree Species SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE forced bud break; grafting; almond; peach; walnut; willow ID PLANT-REGENERATION; VEGETATIVE BUDS; LIQUID-NITROGEN; FRUIT-TREES; GERMPLASM; SECTIONS; SCIONS; PRUNUS; MALUS AB In cryopreservation of germplasm, using dormant winter buds (DB) as source plant material is economically favorable over tissue culture options. Although the DB cryopreservation method has been known for many years, the approach is feasible only for cryopreserving a select number of temperate tree species. The original method developed for Malus (apple) DB, requires desiccation of stem segments (to 25-30% moisture content), slow cooling (to -30 degrees C), storage in liquid nitrogen vapor (LNV) and viability testing by grafting. We investigated the possibility of using this method for cryopreservation of DB of Juglans regia, J. cinerea, Prunus dulcis, P. persica, Salix exigua and S. triandra germplasm. The post LNV viability of P. dulcis, P. persica and S. triandra DB was very low. Dormant buds of J. cinerea harvested in December were viable in a higher percent than buds harvested in January. The fraction of viable Salix DB on 10 cm branch segments was significantly higher (30 and 80%) than on 6 cm long segments (0 and 45%; P<0.05); this indicated that the longer segments might be more suitable for cryopreservation of the two Salix species. For Juglans regia, the viability after LNV exposure was evaluated by grafting and forced bud break under high relative humidity conditions and the percent of viable buds was similar for both methods; hence testing under mist might be a valid indication of viability. The application of the Malus DB cryopreservation method might also be applicable to preservation of almond, peach and English walnut however studies on factors enhancing post LNV viability are needed. C1 [Jenderek, M. M.; Ambruzs, B.; Tanner, J.; Holman, G.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Ledbetter, C.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. [Postman, J.] Int Potato Ctr, Lima, OH USA. [Leslie, C.] Univ Calif, Davis, CA USA. [Ellis, D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Jenderek, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM maria.jenderek@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 133 EP 136 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800016 ER PT S AU Kovalchuk, I Turdiev, T Mukhitdinova, Z Frolov, S Reed, BM Kairova, G AF Kovalchuk, I. Turdiev, T. Mukhitdinova, Z. Frolov, S. Reed, B. M. Kairova, G. BE Reed, BM TI New Techniques for Rapid Cryopreservation of Dormant Vegetative Buds SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE apple; cryoprotectants; germplasm preservation; natural moisture content; sweet cherry; tart cherry ID SUBSEQUENT PLANT-REGENERATION; LIQUID-NITROGEN; APPLE BUDS; APICAL MERISTEMS; TISSUE CULTURES; SHOOT FORMATION; WINTER BUDS; VITRIFICATION; SURVIVAL; DEHYDRATION AB Cryopreservation of dormant buds of temperate trees in liquid nitrogen can provide a safe backup of field germplasm collections. Cryopreservation at the natural moisture content (MC) would greatly accelerate the storage process. This study examined the effect of cold acclimation, moisture content and cryoprotectants on the viability of dormant buds after liquid nitrogen (LN) exposure by staining with 2, 3, 5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). All natural MC buds (40 to 55% MC), both cold acclimatized (CA) for one week and or non-CA buds, died after LN exposure. Post-LN viability of CA 30% MC bud segments was 66-100%. Viability was 100% for the 30% MC bud segments with either standard CA for one week, or cooling 2 degrees C/min to -30 degrees C before LN exposure. For CA natural MC buds, six pretreatment and cryoprotectant combinations were tested with controlled cooling 2 degrees C/min to -30 degrees C before LN exposure. With this technique, viability for tart cherry was 100% for bud segments with natural MC with a 3-h pretreatment and cryoprotection with PVS2, PGD or honey; and for sweet cherry with PVS2, PVS3, PGD, honey + 15% DMSO, or IPBB-1 (50% glycerol and 50% glucose). For apple buds IPBB-1 gave 100% viability for all and PVS2 was 100% for most genotypes. Results for in vitro and grafting recovery after PVS2 treatment and LN exposure were 10 to 23% lower than the TTC results for the three genotypes tested (77-90%). Using these pretreatments and cryoprotectants with a programmable freezer reduced the time required to store dormant buds from nearly two months to one week. Further studies are planned to determine viability of grafted or in vitro-recovered buds following the best procedures. C1 [Kovalchuk, I.; Turdiev, T.; Mukhitdinova, Z.; Frolov, S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, \, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Kovalchuk, I.; Turdiev, T.; Mukhitdinova, Z.; Frolov, S.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata 050040, Kazakhstan. [Reed, B. M.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Reed, B. M.] Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Agr Res Serv, United States Dept Agr, Corvallis, OR USA. [Kairova, G.] Kazakh Res Inst Hort & Viticulture, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, \, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM kovalchuk_i_u@mail.ru; Barbara.Reed@ars.usda.gov; npcppp@mail.ru FU Kazakhstan national Grant Project "Germplasm preservation of fruit crops in Kazakhstan"; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-033D] FX This study was supported by funds from the Kazakhstan national Grant Project "Germplasm preservation of fruit crops in Kazakhstan", and USDA-ARS CRIS project 5358-21000-033D. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 137 EP 146 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800017 ER PT S AU Yin, Z Chen, L Bi, W Wang, QC Volk, GM AF Yin, Z. Chen, L. Bi, W. Wang, Q. C. Volk, G. M. BE Reed, BM TI Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis from Cryopreserved Shoot Tips of Lilium Oriental Hybrid 'Siberia' SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE cryopreservation; droplet-vitrification; embryogenic callus; lilies ID POTATO IPOMOEA-BATATAS; THIN CELL LAYER; SWEET-POTATO; PLANT-REGENERATION; TISSUE-CULTURES; TRANSFORMATION; GROWTH; SYSTEM AB Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis were for the first time achieved from cryopreserved shoot tips of Lilium Oriental hybrid 'Siberia'. Shoot tips (1.5-2 mm in length) including 2-3 leaf primordia were excised from 4-week-old adventitious shoots directly regenerated from basal leaf segments and precultured on MS containing 0.5 M sucrose for one day. The precultured shoot tips were treated with a loading solution composed of MS containing 0.4 M sucrose and 2 M glycerol for 20 min at room temperature and dehydrated for 4 h by Plant Vitrification Solution 2 (PVS2) at 0 degrees C. Dehydrated shoot tips were transferred onto droplets made on sterile aluminium foil (7 x 20 mm), each droplet containing 2.5 mu l PVS2 and single shoot tip, prior to a direct immersion into liquid nitrogen for 1 h. Following cryostorage, foil strips with shoot tips were incubated for 20 min in an unloading solution composed of MS containing 1.2 M sucrose at room temperature. Cryopreserved shoot tips were post-cultured on recovery media in consistent darkness for embryogenic callus formation or in the dark for three days and then transferred to light conditions for shoot regeneration. Embryogenic callus was obtained on recovery medium containing 0.1 mg/L Kinetin (KT) and 0.1 mg/L a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), with embryogenic callus frequency at about 70%. Shoots were directly regenerated from cryopreserved shoot tips when post-cultured on recovery medium containing 0.2 mg/L Thidiazuron (TDZ) and 1.0 mg/L NAA, with shoot regrowth rate at about 90%. Results reported here are of significance in studies on manipulation of development of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis from cryopreserved shoot tips. Extra commercially important Lilium species or hybrids are under investigation on their regenerative response to droplet-vitrification cryopreservation developed in the present study. C1 [Yin, Z.; Chen, L.; Bi, W.; Wang, Q. C.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Volk, G. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Yin, Z (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM qiaochunwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU President foundation of Northwest A& F University, China FX This study was financially supported by the President foundation of Northwest A& F University, China. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 193 EP 200 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800025 ER PT S AU Uchendu, EE Shukla, MR Reed, BM Saxena, PK AF Uchendu, E. E. Shukla, M. R. Reed, B. M. Saxena, P. K. BE Reed, BM TI An Efficient Method for Cryopreservation of St John's Wort and Tobacco: Role of Melatonin SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Plant Cryopreservation CY AUG 11-14, 2013 CL Fort Collins, CO DE antioxidant; germplasm; melatonin; cold acclimation; pre-culture ID HYPERICUM-PERFORATUM L.; PROMOTES ADVENTITIOUS-ROOT; SHOOT TIPS; SUSPENSION CULTURES; COLD-ACCLIMATION; GROWTH; VITRIFICATION; IMPROVES; CELLS; SEEDS AB International trade in medicinal plants is a major force in the current global economy and the demand of natural health products is increasing in developing and industrialized nations. Unfortunately, one third of all plant species and medicinal plants in particular, are under threat of extinction due to indiscriminate harvest, diseases, and reduced habitats. In vitro culture and cryopreservation techniques can ensure safety of these species and have potential applications in sustainable production and use of plant based medicines. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol for in vitro maintained lines of medicinal plants using St John's Wort and tobacco as experimental systems. Shoot tips of in vitro-grown plantlets were successfully cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees C under controlled environment conditions following melatonin treatment and cold acclimation (CA) with either vitrification or encapsulation-vitrification methods. The explants showed optimal re-growth following cryopreservation when treated with the Plant Vitrification Solution #2 (PVS2) for 20 min on ice. Addition of the antioxidant melatonin (0.1-0.5 mu M) added to both pre-culture and re-growth media significantly improved the recovery of plants with 80 to 100% re-growth of cryopreserved shoots. The melatonin based protocol for improved recovery of cryopreserved tissue may serve as an important tool for long-term storage and security of germplasm of medicinal plant species. C1 [Uchendu, E. E.; Shukla, M. R.; Saxena, P. K.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Gosling Res Inst Plant Preservat, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Reed, B. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Uchendu, EE (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Gosling Res Inst Plant Preservat, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. FU Ontario Ginseng Innovation and Research Consortium ( OGIRC); Gosling Foundation; Guelph; Ontario; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This study was funded by Ontario Ginseng Innovation and Research Consortium ( OGIRC), the Gosling Foundation, Guelph, Ontario and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-27-9 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1039 BP 233 EP 241 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5IM UT WOS:000343888800030 ER PT J AU Russo, GT Giandalia, A Romeo, EL Alibrandi, A Horvath, KV Asztalos, BF Cucinotta, D AF Russo, Giuseppina T. Giandalia, Annalisa Romeo, Elisabetta L. Alibrandi, Angela Horvath, Katalin V. Asztalos, Bela F. Cucinotta, Domenico TI Markers of Systemic Inflammation and Apo-AI Containing HDL Subpopulations in Women with and without Diabetes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; THERAPEUTIC TARGET; CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX; SEX-DIFFERENCES; ARTERY-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS AB Background. Besides their role in reverse cholesterol transport, HDL particles may affect the atherosclerotic process through the modulation of subclinical inflammation. HDL particles differ in size, composition, and, probably, anti-inflammatory properties. This hypothesis has never been explored in diabetic women, frequently having dysfunctional HDL. The potential relationship between lipid profile, Apo-AI containing HDL subclasses distribution, and common inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-6) was examined in 160 coronary heart disease- (CHD-) free women with and without type 2 diabetes. Results. Compared to controls, diabetic women showed lower levels of the atheroprotective large alpha-1, alpha-2, and pre-alpha-1 and higher concentration of the small, lipidpoor alpha-3 HDL particles (P < 0.05 all); diabetic women also had higher hsCRP and IL-6 serum levels (age- and BMI-adjusted P < 0.001). Overall, HDL subclasses significantly correlated with inflammatory markers: hsCRP inversely correlated with alpha-1 (P = 0.01) and pre-alpha-1 (P = 0.003); IL-6 inversely correlated with alpha-1 (P = 0.003), alpha-2 (P = 0.004), and pre-alpha-1 (P = 0.002) and positively with alpha-3 HDL (P = 0.03). Similar correlations were confirmed at univariate regression analysis. Conclusions. More atheroprotective HDL subclasses are associated with lower levels of inflammatory markers, especially in diabetic women. These data suggest that different HDL subclasses may influence CHD risk also through the modulation of inflammation. C1 [Russo, Giuseppina T.; Giandalia, Annalisa; Romeo, Elisabetta L.; Cucinotta, Domenico] Univ Messina, Dept Clin & Expt Med, I-98124 Messina, Italy. [Alibrandi, Angela] Univ Messina, Dept Econ Business & Environm Sci & Quantitat Med, I-98122 Messina, Italy. [Horvath, Katalin V.; Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Russo, GT (reprint author), Univ Messina, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Via C Valeria, I-98124 Messina, Italy. EM giuseppina.russo@unime.it NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-8337 EI 1687-8345 J9 INT J ENDOCRINOL JI Int. J. Endocrinol. PY 2014 AR 607924 DI 10.1155/2014/607924 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AS4WR UT WOS:000344275300001 ER PT S AU Barnes, J Whipker, BE McCall, I Frantz, J AF Barnes, J. Whipker, B. E. McCall, I. Frantz, J. BE Blok, C VanOs, E Voogt, W TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Gazania rigens 'Daybreak White' SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA AND SOILLESS CULTIVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Growing Media and Soilless Cultivation CY JUN 17-21, 2013 CL Leiden, NETHERLANDS SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE treasure flower; macronutrients; micronutrients; deficiency; toxicity AB Gazania rigens 'Daybreak White' plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus mu M concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The treatments causing nutrient deficient symptoms were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10x higher than the complete nutrient formula. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented. Out of the thirteen treatments, eleven exhibited symptoms. Deficiency symptoms of N, S, and Ca were first to manifest. Should nutritional disorders arise growers should first consider these three problems when trying to determine the possible cause. C1 [Barnes, J.; Whipker, B. E.; McCall, I.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Barnes, J (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. FU USDA-ARS and the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative FX We are grateful for the funding support provided by USDA-ARS and the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative, and we would like to thank PanAmerican Seed for gazania seed. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-21-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1034 BP 459 EP 464 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5HI UT WOS:000343872200056 ER PT S AU Whipker, BE McCall, I Barnes, J Frantz, J AF Whipker, B. E. McCall, I. Barnes, J. Frantz, J. BE Blok, C VanOs, E Voogt, W TI Automated System for Inducing Nutrient Disorders Utilized in Grower-Based Guides: Exacum affine 'Royal Dane Blue' SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA AND SOILLESS CULTIVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Growing Media and Soilless Cultivation CY JUN 17-21, 2013 CL Leiden, NETHERLANDS SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE macronutrient; micronutrient; deficiency; toxicity AB Growers must be equipped with cultural information including the ability to recognize and characterize nutrient disorders and critical leaf tissue ranges. We created an automated irrigation system in order to grow plants in silica-sand culture to induce, describe, and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. To date, we have induced disorders in 43 types of plants. Description of how the system operates, critical values for Exacum affine 'Royal Dane Blue', along with the development of grower-based electronic books created with iBooks Author in order to aid growers in diagnosing nutrient disorders are presented. C1 [Whipker, B. E.; McCall, I.; Barnes, J.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Whipker, BE (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. FU USDA- ARS; Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative FX We are grateful for the funding support provided by USDA- ARS and the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-21-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1034 BP 599 EP 605 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5HI UT WOS:000343872200076 ER PT S AU Jin, Y Fair, BA Whipker, BE McCall, I Frantz, J AF Jin, Y. Fair, B. A. Whipker, B. E. McCall, I. Frantz, J. BE Blok, C VanOs, E Voogt, W TI Characterization of Nutrient Disorders of Solenostemon scutellarioides 'Lime Light' in Silica-Sand Culture SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA AND SOILLESS CULTIVATION SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Growing Media and Soilless Cultivation CY JUN 17-21, 2013 CL Leiden, NETHERLANDS SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Hoagland's solution; nutrient deficiencies; coleus AB Solenostemon scutellarioides 'Lime Light' were grown in silica-sand culture to induce and catalog nutritional disorder symptoms. Plants were grown with a complete, modified Hoagland's solution (macronutrients in mM, micronutrients in mu M): 15.0 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, 2.0 SO4-S, 72.0 Fe, 18.0 Mn, 3.0 Cu, 3.0 Zn, 45.0 B, and 0.1 Mo. The control plants were grown using a nutrient formula containing all essential nutrients. Each nutrient deficiency treatment was induced by using the complete formula minus only one essential nutrient. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Toxicity of boron was also induced by increasing the element 10X higher than the complete formula. Plants were automatically irrigated every 2 hours, drained from the pot bottom and solution captured for reuse. The nutrient solutions were replaced weekly. Researchers monitored plants daily to document and catalog sequential onset of symptoms. Symptoms of N, P, Ca, Fe deficiency and B toxicity were the first disorders to exhibit in Solenostemon scutellarioides 'Limelight'. The chartreuse coloration of this cultivar compounded difficulties in assessing symptomology of some nutrient disorders, particularly those that manifested with yellowing discoloration or chlorosis. C1 [Jin, Y.; Fair, B. A.; Whipker, B. E.; McCall, I.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, J.] USDA ARS ATRU, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-21-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1034 BP 607 EP 613 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5HI UT WOS:000343872200077 ER PT S AU Warren, SD AF Warren, Steven D. BE Harmon, RS Baker, SE McDonald, EV TI Role of biological soil crusts in desert hydrology and geomorphology: Implications for military training operations SO MILITARY GEOSCIENCES IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY SE Reviews in Engineering Geology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; MOJAVE DESERT; NEGEV DESERT; WIND EROSION; NITROGENASE ACTIVITY; MICROBIOTIC CRUSTS; MICROPHYTIC CRUSTS; CRYPTOGAMIC CRUST; SOUTH-AUSTRALIA; NATIONAL-PARK AB Biological soil crusts, composed of soil surfaces stabilized by a consortium of cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, lichens, and/or bryophytes, are common in most deserts and perform functions of primary productivity, nitrogen fixation, nutrient cycling, water redistribution, and soil stabilization. The crusts are highly susceptible to disturbance. The degree of perturbation is governed, at least in part, by the nature, intensity, and spatial and temporal distribution of the disturbance, as well as the soil type and soil moisture content at the time of disturbance. When disturbed, biological soil crusts lose their capacity to perform their ecological functions. Natural recovery of disturbed crusts can range from several years to millennia. Several strategies have been attempted to accelerate recovery of crusts. At present, artificial recovery is not economically feasible on large tracts of disturbed desert landscape. Management options available to the military on arid landscapes include: (1) eliminating or minimizing training in desert ecosystems, (2) avoiding critical seasons, (3) avoiding critical areas, (4) artificially restoring damaged crusts, and (5) considering desert training lands as "sacrifice areas." Given the need to train in environments representative of the locations of many current and projected world conflicts, the first option is untenable. At this time, the most plausible alternative is to consider desert training lands as "sacrifice areas." However, it is recommended that attempts be made to avoid critical seasons and areas inasmuch as logistically feasible, and that the military continue to support research into the development of cost-effective technologies for biological soil crust restoration. C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Warren, SD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. NR 101 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC PI BOULDER PA 3300 PENROSE PL, PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA SN 0080-2018 BN 978-0-8137-4122-2 J9 REV ENG GEOL PY 2014 VL 22 BP 177 EP 186 DI 10.1130/2014.4122(16) D2 10.1130/9780813741222 PG 10 WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BB4TW UT WOS:000343323900017 ER PT S AU Clark, SL Schlarbaum, SE Hebard, FV AF Clark, S. L. Schlarbaum, S. E. Hebard, F. V. BE Double, ML MacDonald, WL TI The First Research Plantings of Third-Generation, Third-Backcross American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) in the Southeastern United States SO V INTERNATIONAL CHESTNUT SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Chestnut Symposium CY SEP 04-08, 2012 CL Shepherdstown, WV SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE bare-root nursery seedling; exotic pests; forest management; Phytophthora cinnamomi; restoration ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BLIGHT; OAK; SEEDLINGS; RESTORATION; FOREST AB Production of American chestnut (Castanea dentata) resistant to the chestnut blight fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica) is being conducted currently through traditional breeding and genetic transformation. Sufficient material for field testing is currently available from The American Chestnut Foundation's backcross breeding program. We planted approximately 4500 chestnut seedlings into forest test plantings on three National Forests over three years, beginning in 2009. Early survival and growth was dependent on disease pressure from exotic pathogens, primarily, root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi. Plantings that contained seedlings not exhibiting symptoms of this disease had high survival (>75%) and fast rates of height growth (0.5 m/yr). We documented other non-native pests negatively affecting chestnuts including Asiatic oak weevil (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) and the Asian chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus). Native pest problems included browsing of the terminal leader by deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and defoliation caused by the chestnut sawfly (Craesus castaneae). Restoration of American chestnut will require not only blight-resistance, but adaptation to forest environments with intense vegetation competition and strategies to address other native and exotic insects and pathogens. C1 [Clark, S. L.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Schlarbaum, S. E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN USA. [Hebard, F. V.] Amer Chestnut Fdn, Meadowview, VI USA. RP Clark, SL (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. FU The American Chestnut Foundation FX The authors thank The American Chestnut Foundation for providing partial support of this study through their grants program. The authors acknowledge Cornelia Pinchot, Pinchot Institute, and Sandra Anagnostakis, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, for early reviews of this manuscript. Field assistance by University of Tennessee technicians, David Griffin, John Johnson, Tracy Powers, and Ami Sharp was greatly appreciated. Assistance with insect identification was provided by Albert Mayfield, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service and Ashley Case, University of North Carolina Asheville. Steve Jeffers and Inga Meadows, Clemson University, and Sandra Anagnostakis conducted assays for Phytophthora cinnamomi. Gary Griffin, American Chestnut Cooperators Foundation and emeritus Professor at Virginia Tech University, provided assistance with identification of Phytophthora cinnamomi. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 10 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-06-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1019 BP 39 EP 44 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5GM UT WOS:000343859900005 ER PT S AU Georgi, LL Hebard, FV Nelson, CD Staton, ME Olukolu, BA Abbott, AG AF Georgi, L. L. Hebard, F. V. Nelson, C. D. Staton, M. E. Olukolu, B. A. Abbott, A. G. BE Double, ML MacDonald, WL TI Adapting Chestnut Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Use in Breeding SO V INTERNATIONAL CHESTNUT SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Chestnut Symposium CY SEP 04-08, 2012 CL Shepherdstown, WV SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE Castanea dentata; C. mollissima; low-throughput; SNP; marker-informed breeding ID AMERICAN CHESTNUT; PCR; AMPLIFICATION; CASTANEA; BLIGHT AB The goal of the American Chestnut Foundation (TACF) is the restoration of the American chestnut as a viable species to its native range. Toward that end, TACF is using conventional backcross breeding to introgress blight resistance from Chinese into American chestnut. The identification of species-specific molecular genetic markers could potentially accelerate recovery of the American type by permitting selection against Chinese chestnut genes not associated with disease resistance, and identifying pairings of hybrid trees that can produce progeny with a higher proportion of American genetic background than expected by chance. Therefore, we examined genotypes of forty-six Chinese and forty-nine American chestnut trees using a GoldenGateBeadArray (Illumina) of American chestnut single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and identified eighteen SNPs with strongly divergent allele frequencies in the two species. The web-based Allele-Specific Primer (WASP) designing tool successfully designed primers for fifteen of these eighteen SNPs. The corresponding sequences from American and Chinese chestnut were aligned to each other to identify potential problems in primer sites and aligned to peach or apple genomic sequence to identify likely intron positions that might interfere with amplification. The fifteen WASP primer sets were tested on a panel of two American, one interspecific F-1, and three Chinese chestnut trees. Twelve primer sets amplified an allele from American and hybrid but not from Chinese chestnut trees (allele potentially specific to American chestnut). Of these twelve, three also amplified an allele from Chinese and hybrid but not American chestnut (allele potentially specific to Chinese chestnut). For general use, species specificity of these alleles will need to be validated in a larger panel of both American and Chinese chestnut trees. However, for immediate use in the TACF breeding program, these alleles only need to differentiate the Chinese (resistance sources) and American chestnut parents (recurrent parents) used in the current backcross generations. C1 [Georgi, L. L.; Hebard, F. V.] Amer Chestnut Fdn, Meadowview, VA USA. [Nelson, C. D.] Southern Inst Forest Genet, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Saucier, MS USA. [Staton, M. E.] Clemson Univ, Clemson Univ Genom Inst, Clemson, SC USA. [Olukolu, B. A.; Abbott, A. G.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC USA. [Olukolu, B. A.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Georgi, LL (reprint author), Amer Chestnut Fdn, Meadowview, VA USA. FU Forest Health Initiative FX This work was supported with funding from the Forest Health Initiative. Thanks to T. Kubisiak and C. Burdine ( Southern Institute of Forest Genetics) for providing GoldenGateBeadArray genotypic data. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-06-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1019 BP 105 EP 112 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5GM UT WOS:000343859900016 ER PT S AU Nelson, CD Powell, WA Maynard, CA Baier, KM Newhouse, A Merkle, SA Nairn, CJ Kong, L Carlson, JE Addo-Quaye, C Staton, ME Hebard, FV Georgi, LL Abbott, AG Olukolu, BA Zhebentyayeva, T AF Nelson, C. D. Powell, W. A. Maynard, C. A. Baier, K. M. Newhouse, A. Merkle, S. A. Nairn, C. J. Kong, L. Carlson, J. E. Addo-Quaye, C. Staton, M. E. Hebard, F. V. Georgi, L. L. Abbott, A. G. Olukolu, B. A. Zhebentyayeva, T. BE Double, ML MacDonald, WL TI The Forest Health Initiative, American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) as a Model for Forest Tree Restoration: Biological Research Program SO V INTERNATIONAL CHESTNUT SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Chestnut Symposium CY SEP 04-08, 2012 CL Shepherdstown, WV SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE chestnut; Castanea; disease resistance; genomics; biotechnology; candidate genes ID RESISTANCE; BLIGHT; TRANSFORMATION; ECOSYSTEMS; MOLLISSIMA; THREAT; PESTS AB The Forest Health Initiative (FHI) was developed and implemented to test the hypothesis that a coordinated effort in biotechnology research could lead to resistant trees capable of restoring a species in a relevant time frame. As a test case, the American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was chosen for study as it is an iconic forest tree species in the eastern United States and southeastern Canada that has been nearly extirpated by chestnut blight which is caused by an introduced fungal pathogen (Cryphonectria parasitica). In addition, the species has attracted research investments over many decades, leading to some promising possibilities for effecting restoration. The FHI, now completing its third year, has integrated genomics-based candidate gene discovery with robust clonal propagation and gene transformation systems capable of producing hundreds of independent events for dozens of genes per year. A promising early leaf assay for blight reaction has been developed that will be instrumental in screening the large amount of material in production through these systems. Regulatory permits for testing some of the earliest transgene events have been obtained as small-scale field testing is beginning. High density genetic maps and various mapping populations are being analyzed to gain additional insights into the specific genes found in quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistances to blight and Phytophthora root rot (caused by P. cinnamomi, also known as ink disease). Nearly complete genome sequences of three of the blight resistance QTLs have been determined. These sequences are greatly assisting these analyses, as have comparisons with peach and other completed plant genomes, demonstrating the power of comparative genomics. These results show great promise for meeting the challenge proposed by the FHI hypothesis for American chestnut. In addition, other forest tree species under threat should benefit from similarly designed initiatives. C1 [Nelson, C. D.] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Saucier, MS USA. RP Nelson, CD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Saucier, MS USA. RI Addo-Quaye, Charles/J-3694-2016 OI Addo-Quaye, Charles/0000-0003-0598-5980 NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-06-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1019 BP 179 EP 189 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BB5GM UT WOS:000343859900027 ER PT S AU Holtz, BA Doll, DA Browne, G AF Holtz, B. A. Doll, D. A. Browne, G. BE Dicenta, F MartinezGomez, P Ortega, E TI Orchard Carbon and Nutrient Recycling SO VI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ALMONDS AND PISTACHIOS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Almonds and Pistachios CY MAY 27-31, 2013 CL Murcia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE carbon sequestration; carbon recycling; plant nutrition AB The grinding and incorporating into soil of whole almond trees, during orchard removal, could provide a sustainable practice that could enhance air and soil quality. Removed orchards are typically either pushed out and burned or ground up and removed. Stored carbon is lost from the orchard site. Woody debris incorporated into soils could increase organic matter, enhance carbon sequestration, and improve soil quality and tree yield. The objective of this project was to compare the grinding up of whole trees with burning as a means of orchard removal. Twenty-two rows of an experimental orchard were used in a randomized blocked experiment with two main treatments, whole tree grinding and incorporation into the soil versus tree pushing and burning. The whole tree grinding did not stunt replanted tree growth. Sampling from plots showed elevated levels of fungal and bacterial feeding nematodes (Tylenchidae) associated woody soil aggregates in the grind treatment. Fungal mycelium was readily observed colonizing woody aggregates and more basidiomycetes (mushrooms) were observed in the grind plots. Yields were determined in 2011 and 2012 and there were no differences between the grind and burn treatments. In 2010, more carbon, organic matter, and a greater cation exchange capacity were initially observed in the burned plots, but by 2012 the grind plots had significantly more calcium, manganese, iron, magnesium, boron, nitrate, copper, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total carbon, and organic carbon. The soil pH was significantly less in the grind treatment plots. C1 [Holtz, B. A.] Univ Calif, 2101 E Earhart Ave,Suite 200, Stockton, CA 95206 USA. [Doll, D. A.] Univ Calif Coop, Merced, CA 95340 USA. [Browne, G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Holtz, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif, 2101 E Earhart Ave,Suite 200, Stockton, CA 95206 USA. EM baholtz@ucdavis.edu FU Almond Board of California FX This study would have been impossible without the cooperation of Chuck Boldwyn and Dale Pattigan and the contributions of the UC Kearney Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA. The Burchell Nursery provided almond (`Nonpareil,' `Carmel,' and `Butte') trees at their cost for planting in January 2009. This project has been primarily supported by the Almond Board of California. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-13-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1028 BP 347 EP 350 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BB5GZ UT WOS:000343867300056 ER PT S AU Ledbetter, CA Sisterson, MS AF Ledbetter, C. A. Sisterson, M. S. BE Dicenta, F MartinezGomez, P Ortega, E TI Membership within the Nonpareil Marketing Group: Examination of an Unclassified Accession SO VI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ALMONDS AND PISTACHIOS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Almonds and Pistachios CY MAY 27-31, 2013 CL Murcia, SPAIN SP Int Soc Hort Sci DE almond; Prunus dulcis L.; discriminant analysis; kernel shape AB California almonds are categorized into marketing groups based on kernel shape and appearance to facilitate promotion and sale. Market prices for Nonpareil Marketing Group (NMG) kernels are 30% higher than for almonds in other marketing groups. Accordingly, there is economic incentive for breeders to offer a new cultivar capable of kernel sales in the NMG. The 'Nonpareil' almond cultivar accounts for a majority of kernel tonnage produced in the NMG along with cultivars 'Jeffries,' 'Kapareil' and 'Milow'. No objective standards exist to determine whether any new or unclassified cultivar should also be included in the NMG. Hence, research objectives were twofold: 1) to determine the phenotypic kernel variability of unclassified almond accession 23-122; and 2) to compare kernel misclassification of 23-122 with the four NMG cultivars. Kernel shape and appearance variability was characterized over three harvest seasons along with cultivars from different marketing groups ('Carmel'-California Marketing Group and 'Padre'-Mission Marketing Group). Discriminant analyses were used to examine kernel misclassifications. 'Carmel' and 'Padre' kernels were distinguished with misclassifications less than 1%. Misclassifications among cultivars within the NMG were much higher, varying between 8.0-21.9%. A leave-one-out cross-validation procedure was used to compare kernel misclassifications between 23-122 and each NMG cultivar. Misclassification of accession 23-122 taken as NMG kernels was only 1.4%, significantly less than any NMG cultivar, and demonstrating an inappropriate fit in the NMG. These methods provide an objective classification where newly developed or unclassified almond kernels can be compared objectively to the NMG. C1 [Ledbetter, C. A.; Sisterson, M. S.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Ledbetter, CA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM craig.ledbetter@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-94-62610-13-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2014 VL 1028 BP 397 EP 400 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BB5GZ UT WOS:000343867300065 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Triana, JL Janzen, DH Hallwachs, W Whitfield, JB Smith, MA Kula, R AF Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. Janzen, Daniel H. Hallwachs, Winnie Whitfield, James B. Smith, M. Alex Kula, Robert TI Revision of the genus Pseudapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae), with emphasis on the species in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Pseudapanteles; Microgastrinae; New World; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; taxonomic review; parasitoid wasps; caterpillars; DNA barcoding; host species; Lucid software ID PARASITOID FLIES DIPTERA; DNA BARCODES; BIODIVERSITY; INTEGRATION; TACHINIDAE; INVENTORY AB Pseudapanteles is a moderately diverse genus of Microgastrinae parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), endemic to the New World and with the vast majority of its species (including many undescribed) in the Neotropical region. We describe here 25 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG), northwestern Costa Rica, based on 400 studied specimens. A key to all 36 known species of Pseudapanteles is provided (except for P. brunneus, only known from a single male), and species are placed in three newly created species-groups. Host records are known for only 25% of the species; most are solitary parasitoids of the caterpillars of several families of small Lepidoptera (Crambidae, Elachistidae, Gelechiidae, Incurvariidae, Sesiidae, Tineidae). DNA barcodes (part of the CO1 gene) were obtained for 30 species (83%), and provide a start for future study of the genus beyond ACG. Brief descriptions (generated by Lucid 3.5 software) and extensive illustrations are provided for all species. The following new taxonomic and nomenclatural acts are proposed: Pseudapanteles moerens (Nixon, 1965), comb. n., Pseudapanteles brunneus Ashmead, 1900, comb. rev., a lectotype is designated for Pseudapanteles ruficollis (Cameron, 1911), and the following 25 species nova of Pseudapanteles ( all authored by Fernandez- Triana and Whitfield): alfiopivai, alvaroumanai, analorenaguevarae, carlosespinachi, carlosrodriguezi, christianafigueresae, hernanbravoi, jorgerodriguezi, josefigueresi, laurachinchillae, luisguillermosolisi, margaritapenonae, mariobozai, mariocarvajali, maureenballesteroae, munifigueresae, oscarariasi, ottonsolisi, pedroleoni, raulsolorzanoi, renecastroi, rodrigogamezi, rosemarykarpinskiae, soniapicadoae, teofilodelatorrei. C1 [Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.] Canadian Natl Collect Insects, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Janzen, Daniel H.; Hallwachs, Winnie] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Whitfield, James B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Smith, M. Alex] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Kula, Robert] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst,Systemat En, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Fernandez-Triana, JL (reprint author), Canadian Natl Collect Insects, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. EM jftriana@uoguelph.ca RI Smith, M Alex/B-4468-2013 OI Smith, M Alex/0000-0002-8650-2575 FU NSF DEB [0515699]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant; Government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute [2008-0GI-ICI-03]; BOLD/iBOL of the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario and University of Guelph; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG); Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; Wege Foundation; International Conservation Fund of Canada; JRS Biodiversity Foundation; Jessie Hill; Steve Stroud; Permian Global; University of Pennsylvania FX Gavin Broad kindly sent us type specimens of the species deposited in London (UK). We emphatically and gratefully acknowledge the support of the ACG parataxonomist team (Janzen et al. 2009, Janzen and Hallwachs 2011) in finding and rearing these caterpillars, their parasites and their hyperparasites, and Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) for preserving the forests in which they live, and the Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, the Wege Foundation, the International Conservation Fund of Canada, the JRS Biodiversity Foundation, Jessie Hill, Steve Stroud, Permian Global, and the University of Pennsylvania for funding portions of the research. This study was also supported by NSF DEB 0515699 to DHJ and by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant to MAS. Laboratory analyses of these sequences were funded by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute (2008-0GI-ICI-03), and by BOLD/iBOL of the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario and University of Guelph. JFT gratefully acknowledges the support and sponsoring of the Lucid team (http://www.lucidcentral.com/). The comments from an anonymous reviewer considerably helped to improve the quality of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 446 SI SI BP 1 EP 82 DI 10.3897/zookeys.446.8195 PG 82 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AR9HL UT WOS:000343884000001 ER PT J AU Gribok, A Rumpler, W Hines, W Hoyt, R Buller, M AF Gribok, Andrei Rumpler, William Hines, Wesley Hoyt, Reed Buller, Mark GP IEEE TI Subcutaneous Glucose Concentration as a Predictor Variable for Energy Expenditure during Resistance Exercise in Humans SO 2014 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WEARABLE AND IMPLANTABLE BODY SENSOR NETWORKS (BSN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks CY JUN 16-19, 2014 CL ETH, Zurich, SWITZERLAND SP IEEE Engn Med Biol Soc HO ETH DE energy expenditure; continuous glucose monitoring; wearable sensors; linear modeling ID INDIRECT CALORIMETRY AB The paper describes concurrent, minute-by-minute dynamics of subcutaneous glucose concentration and energy expenditure in young male subjects performing 40-min resistance exercise in a whole room calorimeter. The observed negative correlation between subcutaneous glucose concentration, as measured by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor and energy expenditure is exploited to propose and validate a simple linear model, which is used to estimate minute-by-minute energy expenditure from CGM sensor readings. The data were collected from seven young adult male subjects during their 48-hour stay in calorimeter room. Each subject had two 48-hour calorimeter sessions, except one subject who only performed one session. The minute-by-minute CGM data were regressed on energy expenditure (EE) data thus obtaining a linear model connecting these two quantities. This model was subsequently used to estimate EE from CGM readings for the data that were not used in the training dataset. The performance of the linear regression models was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots and it is demonstrated that the CGM sensor can provide a valid predictor variable which can be combined with other physiological parameters to estimate energy expenditure in field conditions. C1 [Gribok, Andrei; Rumpler, William; Hines, Wesley] ARS, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gribok, Andrei; Rumpler, William; Hines, Wesley] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hoyt, Reed; Buller, Mark] US Army Res Inst Environm Med USARIEM, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Gribok, A (reprint author), ARS, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU Defense Medical Research and Development Program (DMRDP) Advanced Technology Development Research Award FX This work has been funded by Defense Medical Research and Development Program (DMRDP) Advanced Technology Development Research Award. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-4959-5 PY 2014 BP 16 EP 21 DI 10.1109/BSN.2014.11 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB5AN UT WOS:000343599400004 ER PT S AU Wu, GY Fanzo, J Miller, DD Pingali, P Post, M Steiner, JL Thalacker-Mercer, AE AF Wu, Guoyao Fanzo, Jessica Miller, Dennis D. Pingali, Prabhu Post, Mark Steiner, Jean L. Thalacker-Mercer, Anna E. GP Annals New York Acad Sci TI Production and supply of high-quality food protein for human consumption: sustainability, challenges, and innovations SO ANNALS REPORTS, AUGUST 2014 SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article DE agriculture; livestock; plant; protein; production; sustainability; undernutrition; stunting; food science ID ANIMAL SOURCE FOODS; AMINO-ACIDS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; MALNUTRITION; NUTRITION; OBESITY; HEALTH; MAIZE; MASS AB The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that 843 million people worldwide are hungry and a greater number suffer from nutrient deficiencies. Approximately one billion people have inadequate protein intake. The challenge of preventing hunger and malnutrition will become even greater as the global population grows from the current 7.2 billion people to 9.6 billion by 2050. With increases in income, population, and demand for more nutrient-dense foods, global meat production is projected to increase by 206 million tons per year during the next 35 years. These changes in population and dietary practices have led to a tremendous rise in the demand for food protein, especially animal-source protein. Consuming the required amounts of protein is fundamental to human growth and health. Protein needs can be met through intakes of animal and plant-source foods. Increased consumption of food proteins is associated with increased greenhouse gas emissions and overutilization of water. Consequently, concerns exist regarding impacts of agricultural production, processing and distribution of food protein on the environment, ecosystem, and sustainability. To address these challenging issues, the New York Academy of Sciences organized the conference "Frontiers in Agricultural Sustainability: Studying the Protein Supply Chain to Improve Dietary Quality" to explore sustainable innovations in food science and programming aimed at producing the required quality and quantity of protein through improved supply chains worldwide. This report provides an extensive discussion of these issues and summaries of the presentations from the conference. C1 [Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fanzo, Jessica] Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Fanzo, Jessica] Columbia Univ, Ctr Globalizat & Sustainable Dev, New York, NY USA. [Miller, Dennis D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Pingali, Prabhu] Cornell Univ, Charles H Dyson Sch Appl Econ & Management, Ithaca, NY USA. [Post, Mark] Maastricht Univ, Dept Physiol, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Steiner, Jean L.] ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, USDA, El Reno, OK USA. [Thalacker-Mercer, Anna E.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wu, GY (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM g-wu@tamu.edu NR 47 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 58 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2014 VL 1321 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.1111/nyas.12500 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB4ZA UT WOS:000343569900001 PM 25123207 ER PT J AU Lugo, AE AF Lugo, Ariel E. TI Tropical cities are diverse and deserve more social-ecological attention SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. RP Lugo, AE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2014 VL 19 IS 3 AR 24 DI 10.5751/ES-06618-190324 PG 1 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR0GH UT WOS:000343247200023 ER PT J AU Munoz-Erickson, TA AF Munoz-Erickson, Tischa A. TI Multiple pathways to sustainability in the city: the case of San Juan, Puerto Rico SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE adaptive capacity; adaptive governance; frames; knowledge-action systems; networks; San Juan; sustainable pathways; transformation; urban social-ecological systems; visions ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; ADAPTIVE COMANAGEMENT; KNOWLEDGE; FRAMEWORK; TRANSFORMATION; GOVERNANCE; ECOSYSTEM; POLICY; TRANSITIONS; ADAPTATION AB I examined the multiple visions of the future of the city that can emerge when city actors and organizations reconfigure themselves to address sustainability. In various cities worldwide, novel ideas, initiatives, and networks are emerging in governance to address social and ecological conditions in urban areas. However, cities can be contested spaces, bringing a plurality of actors, network configurations, preferences, and knowledge that shape the politics over desirable pathways for future development. I used the knowledge-action systems analysis (KASA) approach to examine the frames and knowledge systems influencing how different actors involved in the land governance network of the city of San Juan constructed visions for the future of the city. Results revealed four visions for the city coexisting in San Juan. Although sustainability is a goal that cuts across all four visions, they each optimized distinct dimensions of the concept. The contrasts in visions can be explained in part by competing frames of the urban social-ecological system and power asymmetries in the multiple knowledge systems coexisting in the city. I discussed the theoretical, methodological, and practical implications of the politics of sustainability for adaptive urban governance research and practice. The KASA approach can serve as a window into the adaptive capacity of the city by disentangling the competing ways that actors 'see' and 'know' the urban social-ecological systems. Most importantly, this approach offers a way of appraising sustainable pathways by revealing either the extent to which dominant social structures and cognitive patterns are being reinforced, or whether opportunities for innovative and transformative approaches are emerging in the city. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Munoz-Erickson, TA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Washington, DC 20250 USA. FU National Science Foundation [0948507, 0504248] FX I am grateful to Charles L. Redman, Clark Miller, Kelli L. Larson, Ariel E. Lugo, Mildred Alayon, and San Juan ULTRA colleagues for their guidance and review of this manuscript. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant numbers 0948507 (Urban Long-Term Research Area Exploratory) and 0504248 (Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training). Any opinions, findings and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2014 VL 19 IS 3 AR 2 DI 10.5751/ES-06457-190302 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR0GH UT WOS:000343247200006 ER PT J AU Ramos-Gonzalez, OM AF Ramos-Gonzalez, Olga M. TI The green areas of San Juan, Puerto Rico SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE green areas; green infrastructure; morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA); spatial pattern analysis; urban forests; urban green area characterization; urban vegetation ID PATTERNS AB Green areas, also known as green infrastructure or urban vegetation, are vital to urbanites for their critical roles in mitigating urban heat island effects and climate change and for their provision of multiple ecosystem services and aesthetics. Here, I provide a high spatial resolution snapshot of the green cover distribution of the city of San Juan, Puerto Rico, by incorporating the use of morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) as a tool to describe the spatial pattern and connectivity of the city's urban green areas. Analysis of a previously developed IKONOS 4-m spatial resolution classification of the city of San Juan from 2002 revealed a larger area of vegetation (green areas or green infrastructure) than previously estimated by moderate spatial resolution imagery. The city as a whole had approximately 42% green cover and 55% impervious surfaces. Although the city appeared greener in its southern upland sector compared to the northern coastal section, where most built-up urban areas occurred (66% impervious surfaces), northern San Juan had 677 ha more green area cover dispersed across the city than the southern component. MSPA revealed that most forest cover occurred as edges and cores, and green areas were most commonly forest cores, with larger predominance in the southern sector of the municipality. In dense, built-up, urban land, most of the green areas occurred in private yards as islets. When compared to other cities across the United States, San Juan was most similar in green cover features to Boston, Massachusetts, and Miami, Florida. Per capita green space for San Juan (122.2 m(2)/inhabitant) was also comparable to these two U. S. cities. This study explores the intra-urban vegetation variation in the city of San Juan, which is generally overlooked by moderate spatial resolution classifications in Puerto Rico. It serves as a starting point for green infrastructure mapping and landscape pattern analysis of the urban green spaces within the city of San Juan. The effectiveness of research and city planning will be further enhanced as a result of this type of finer-scale urban cover exploration. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Ramos-Gonzalez, OM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Washington, DC 20250 USA. FU National Science Foundation San Juan Urban Long-Term Research Area Exp. [0948507] FX This study was done in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico. Special thanks to co-workers Ariel E. Lugo, Tamara Heartsill, and Magaly Figueroa, and to colleagues Sebastian Martinuzzi (University of Wisconsin-Madison) and Sandra Molina Colon (Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico) for their contributions to this article. This work is part of the USDA Forest Service contribution to the National Science Foundation San Juan Urban Long-Term Research Area Exp. (0948507) Grant to the Puerto Rico Conservation Foundation. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 20 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2014 VL 19 IS 3 AR 21 DI 10.5751/ES-06598-190321 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR0GH UT WOS:000343247200020 ER PT J AU Spies, TA White, EM Kline, JD Fischer, AP Ager, A Bailey, J Bolte, J Koch, J Platt, E Olsen, CS Jacobs, D Shindler, B Steen-Adams, MM Hammer, R AF Spies, Thomas A. White, Eric M. Kline, Jeffrey D. Fischer, A. Paige Ager, Alan Bailey, John Bolte, John Koch, Jennifer Platt, Emily Olsen, Christine S. Jacobs, Derric Shindler, Bruce Steen-Adams, Michelle M. Hammer, Roger TI Examining fire-prone forest landscapes as coupled human and natural systems SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE agent-based model; CHANS; coupled human and natural systems; fire policy; fire-prone landscapes ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; WILDFIRE RISK; ALTERNATIVE FUTURES; AMENITY MIGRATION; COLLECTIVE ACTION; UNITED-STATES; US FOREST; RESILIENCE; LAND; PERSPECTIVE AB Fire-prone landscapes are not well studied as coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) and present many challenges for understanding and promoting adaptive behaviors and institutions. Here, we explore how heterogeneity, feedbacks, and external drivers in this type of natural hazard system can lead to complexity and can limit the development of more adaptive approaches to policy and management. Institutions and social networks can counter these limitations and promote adaptation. We also develop a conceptual model that includes a robust characterization of social subsystems for a fire-prone landscape in Oregon and describe how we are building an agent-based model to promote understanding of this social-ecological system. Our agent-based model, which incorporates existing ecological models of vegetation and fire and is based on empirical studies of landowner decision-making, will be used to explore alternative management and fire scenarios with land managers and various public entities. We expect that the development of CHANS frameworks and the application of a simulation model in a collaborative setting will facilitate the development of more effective policies and practices for fire-prone landscapes. C1 [Spies, Thomas A.; Kline, Jeffrey D.; Fischer, A. Paige; Ager, Alan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20227 USA. [White, Eric M.; Bailey, John; Bolte, John; Platt, Emily; Olsen, Christine S.; Jacobs, Derric; Shindler, Bruce; Hammer, Roger] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Koch, Jennifer] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Steen-Adams, Michelle M.] Univ New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. RP Spies, TA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20227 USA. FU National Science Foundation's Coupled Human and Natural Systems Program (NSF) [CHH-1013296]; USDA Forest Service PNW Research Station FX We acknowledge Keith Olsen for preparation of the figures. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation's Coupled Human and Natural Systems Program (NSF Grant CHH-1013296) and the USDA Forest Service PNW Research Station. NR 85 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 13 U2 56 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2014 VL 19 IS 3 AR 9 DI 10.5751/ES-06584-190309 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR0GH UT WOS:000343247200017 ER PT J AU Asanidze, Z Akhalkatsi, M Henk, AD Richards, CM Volk, GM AF Asanidze, Zezva Akhalkatsi, Maia Henk, Adam D. Richards, Christopher M. Volk, Gayle M. TI Genetic relationships between wild progenitor pear (Pyrus L.) species and local cultivars native to Georgia, South Caucasus SO FLORA LA English DT Article DE Caucasus; Diversity; SSR markers; Pear cultivars; Pyrus communis subsp caucasica; Pyrus spp. ID DIVERSITY; MALUS; MICROSATELLITES; MARKERS; APPLE AB The genetic diversity of 108 individuals of wild pear species (Pyrus communis subsp. caucasica, P. balansae, P. salicifolia, P. syriaca, P. demetrii, P. bulgarica, P. ketzkhovelii, P. sachokiana) and 35 samples of local and introduced cultivated pears from the country of Georgia were compared to 73 individuals of wild P. communis subsp. caucasica and P. communis subsp. pyraster in the collection of USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). Pyrus communis subsp. caucasica from both Georgia and the NPGS, P. communis subsp. pyraster from the NPGS, and P. salicifolia from Georgia were differentiated, based on analysis of eleven microsatellite markers. In addition, accessions of P. communis subsp. caucasica from Georgia were genetically distinct from accessions of the same subspecies in the NPGS collection that originated from other European and Middle Eastern Asian countries. Local pear cultivars in Georgia were genetically similar to P. communis subsp. caucasica and P. balansae growing wild in Georgia suggesting that they may have originated from native pear trees that could serve as unique genetic resources for pear breeding programmes. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Asanidze, Zezva; Akhalkatsi, Maia] Ilia State Univ, Inst Bot, GE-0162 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Henk, Adam D.; Richards, Christopher M.; Volk, Gayle M.] USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Asanidze, Z (reprint author), Ilia State Univ, Inst Bot, Cholokashvili Ave 3-5, GE-0162 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. EM zezva.asanidze.1@iliauni.edu.ge; maia_akhalkatsi@iliauni.edu.ge; Adam.Henk@ars.usda.gov; Chris.Richards@ars.usda.gov; Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov RI Akhalkatsi, Maia/B-2187-2008 OI Akhalkatsi, Maia/0000-0002-9770-7840 FU NSF programme 'Phylogenetic systematics'; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Georgia [PG/16/7-120/12]; NSF programme 'Phylogenetic systematics' by Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA, USA FX NSF programme 'Phylogenetic systematics' contributed partial support by Carol Wilson, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA, USA. Research on Pyrus morpho-genetic study is supported by grant PG/16/7-120/12 of Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Georgia. The services provided by the Georgian staff Mirian Gvritishvili and David Tarkhnishvili are most gratefully acknowledged. USDA-ARS NPGS Pear curator Joseph Postman is recognized for his insights about wild Pyrus communis species and for providing plant materials. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0367-2530 EI 1618-0585 J9 FLORA JI Flora PY 2014 VL 209 IS 9 BP 504 EP 512 DI 10.1016/j.flora.2014.06.013 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR1YL UT WOS:000343380400007 ER PT J AU Xu, C Leskovar, DI AF Xu, C. Leskovar, D. I. TI Growth, physiology and yield responses of cabbage to deficit irrigation SO HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pigment; photosynthesis; relative water content; specific leaf area ID NON-MULCH CONDITIONS; VEGETABLE CROPS; DRIP IRRIGATION; WATER-USE; NITROGEN AB Field experiments were conducted in two seasons to investigate growth, physiology and yield responses of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. cvs Pennant and Rio Grande) to deficit irrigation. In 2012 season, 50% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) irrigation temporarily decreased plant size, reduced leaf area, fresh weight, relative water content, specific leaf area and gas exchange during late development, and decreased head fresh weight, size, marketable and total yield. Deficit irrigation at 75% ETc had little influence on plant growth and physiology, but it still reduced both marketable and total yield. In 2013 season, 75% ETc irrigation had little influence on plant growth, leaf characteristics, photosynthetic rate, head fresh weight and size, but it temporarily increased chlorophyll and carotenoid content, and decreased stomata conductance, transpiration, and marketable yield. Pennant, the green-head cultivar, had higher photosynthetic rate, head fresh weight, marketable and total yield than the red-head cultivar Rio Grande. In both seasons, deficit irrigations did not influence cabbage head dry weight, indicating that most yield reduction under deficit irrigations is related to water content. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Texas A&M Agri Life Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Xu, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Chenping.xu@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture [2010-34461-20677] FX Supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 2010-34461-20677. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES PI PRAGUE PA TESNOV 17, PRAGUE, 117 05, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 0862-867X EI 1805-9333 J9 HORTIC SCI JI Hortic. Sci. PY 2014 VL 41 IS 3 BP 138 EP 146 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AR1RW UT WOS:000343363300006 ER PT J AU Dong, HM Carr, W Cook, FL Nam, S AF Dong, Hongming Carr, Wallace Cook, Fred L. Nam, Sunghyun TI Development of Rapid Continuous Dyeing Process for Heavy-Weight Nylon 6,6 Carpet SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERED FIBERS AND FABRICS LA English DT Article AB An improved continuous dyeing process for coloration of heavy-weight (60-70 oz/yd(2)), residential nylon 6,6 carpet is reported. By inserting a slot steam applicator after the dye pad and before the box steamer to preheat the carpet to around 180 degrees F (greater than the nylon wet glass transition temperature of similar to 150 degrees F), the required dwell time of the padded carpet in the atmospheric steamer is greatly reduced (0.3-0.5 of normal). The improved continuous coloration process provides a route to beck-quality, level-dyed, heavy-weight nylon 6,6 carpets at production speeds 2-3X those of conventional lines. C1 [Dong, Hongming] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. [Carr, Wallace; Cook, Fred L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nam, Sunghyun] USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Carr, W (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, 801 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM chuck.carr@mse.gatech.edu FU Georgia Traditional Industries Program (TIP) for Polymer, Fiber and Fabric Products (PFFP) FX This research was funded by the Georgia Traditional Industries Program (TIP) for Polymer, Fiber and Fabric Products (PFFP). The authors thank Mr. Jim Williams of Mohawk Industries, Inc., Mr. Wayne Pettyjohn of the Georgia Power Company and Mr. Bill Pasley of the Southern Company for their help and efforts in completing this research. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU INDA PI CARY PA PO BOX 1288, CARY, NC 27512-1288 USA SN 1558-9250 J9 J ENG FIBER FABR JI J. Eng. Fiber Fabr. PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 BP 93 EP 98 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AR7GJ UT WOS:000343747200011 ER PT J AU Brannan, JL Riggs, PK Olafson, PU Ivanov, I Holman, PJ AF Brannan, Jaime L. Riggs, Penny K. Olafson, Pia U. Ivanov, Ivan Holman, Patricia J. TI Expression of bovine genes associated with local and systemic immune response to infestation with the Lone Star tick, Amblyomma americanum SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma americanum; Bovine; Gene expression; Immune response; Tick-resistance; Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR) ID RHIPICEPHALUS BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; GUINEA-PIGS; DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITIES; CELL-DIFFERENTIATION; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; CYTOKINE PROFILE; DENDRITIC CELLS; CATTLE TICK AB The Lone Star tick, Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus 1758 (Acari; Ixodidae), causes considerable production losses to the southern U.S. cattle industry due to reduced weight, infertility, secondary infections at bite wound sites, damaged hides, and potentially death, as these ticks tend to infest livestock in large numbers. Increasing environmental concerns, along with the potential for chemical residue in food products, have led to more emphasis on alternative tick control strategies, such as selective breeding practices and anti-tick vaccines. To enable progress toward these goals, a better understanding of bovine host immune mechanisms elicited by ticks is needed. In this study, 7 calves were phenotyped as susceptible, moderately resistant, or highly resistant to adult A. americanum ticks. Tick bite-site biopsies and blood leukocytes were collected at multiple time points throughout 3 successive tick infestations. Gene expression at tick bite-site biopsies was assessed by microarray analysis over 3 time points for each phenotype group. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR expression analysis evaluated 11 candidate genes in tick bite-site biopsies, and 6 in blood leukocytes. Regression curve estimates calculated from the expression values generated by qRT-PCR in tick bite-sites identified correlations between several candidate genes. Increased expression of IGHG1, 1L6, IL1 alpha, and IL1RN in bovine tick bite-site biopsies suggests that Th2 differentiation may be important for the local bovine response to A. americanum ticks. Strong correlations in expression for IL1 alpha and IL1 beta, for IL1 alpha and 1L1RN, and for IL1 alpha and TLR4 were found in biopsies from the tick-resistant phenotypes. The up-regulation of IL12 and IL23 in blood leukocytes from Lone Star tick-infested calves of all phenotypes suggests a possible systemic recruitment of memory T cells. This study provides novel insight concerning the bovine immune response to Lone Star ticks and a basis for future investigations to characterize the importance of these factors for tick-resistance in cattle. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Brannan, Jaime L.; Holman, Patricia J.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Riggs, Penny K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Riggs, Penny K.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Olafson, Pia U.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Vet Physiol & Pharmacol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Holman, PJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, 4467 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM PHOLMAN@cvm.tamu.edu RI Riggs, Penny/A-8192-2008 OI Riggs, Penny/0000-0003-3296-320X FU USDA Formula Animal Health Project [9250]; Texas A&M AgriLife Research Project [8987] FX This research was supported by the USDA Formula Animal Health Project 9250 and Texas A&M AgriLife Research Project 8987. We thank Brenda Burkett, Greta Buckmeier, Keith Shelly, and Larry Camarillo at the USDA/ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory for housing and caring for the ticks and calves used in this study. We greatly appreciate the technical assistance provided by Kelli Kochan (Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University). We are also deeply grateful for the use of equipment and facilities provided by Dr. Nancy Ng (Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University) and Dr. Huaijun Zhou (Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University). NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2014 VL 5 IS 6 BP 676 EP 688 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.04.022 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA AR2AG UT WOS:000343385100013 PM 25108787 ER PT J AU Safeeq, M Grant, GE Lewis, SL Kramer, MG Staab, B AF Safeeq, M. Grant, G. E. Lewis, S. L. Kramer, M. G. Staab, B. TI A hydrogeologic framework for characterizing summer streamflow sensitivity to climate warming in the Pacific Northwest, USA SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; RECESSION ANALYSIS; WATER-RESOURCES; ENERGY FLUXES; OREGON; HYDROLOGY; IMPACTS; TRENDS; PRECIPITATION AB Summer streamflows in the Pacific Northwest are largely derived from melting snow and groundwater discharge. As the climate warms, diminishing snowpack and earlier snowmelt will cause reductions in summer streamflow. Most regional-scale assessments of climate change impacts on streamflow use downscaled temperature and precipitation projections from general circulation models (GCMs) coupled with large-scale hydrologic models. Here we develop and apply an analytical hydrogeologic framework for characterizing summer streamflow sensitivity to a change in the timing and magnitude of recharge in a spatially explicit fashion. In particular, we incorporate the role of deep groundwater, which large-scale hydrologic models generally fail to capture, into streamflow sensitivity assessments. We validate our analytical streamflow sensitivities against two empirical measures of sensitivity derived using historical observations of temperature, precipitation, and streamflow from 217 watersheds. In general, empirically and analytically derived streamflow sensitivity values correspond. Although the selected watersheds cover a range of hydrologic regimes (e.g., rain-dominated, mixture of rain and snow, and snow-dominated), sensitivity validation was primarily driven by the snow-dominated watersheds, which are subjected to a wider range of change in recharge timing and magnitude as a result of increased temperature. Overall, two patterns emerge from this analysis: first, areas with high streamflow sensitivity also have higher summer streamflows as compared to low-sensitivity areas. Second, the level of sensitivity and spatial extent of highly sensitive areas diminishes over time as the summer progresses. Results of this analysis point to a robust, practical, and scalable approach that can help assess risk at the landscape scale, complement the downscaling approach, be applied to any climate scenario of interest, and provide a framework to assist land and water managers in adapting to an uncertain and potentially challenging future. C1 [Safeeq, M.; Lewis, S. L.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Grant, G. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kramer, M. G.; Staab, B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Reg, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Safeeq, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM mohammad.safeeq@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board; Bureau of Land Management (Oregon); USDA Forest Service Region 6 and Pacific Northwest Research Station FX The authors gratefully thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. They acknowledge funding support from the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board, the Bureau of Land Management (Oregon) and the USDA Forest Service Region 6 and Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2014 VL 18 IS 9 BP 3693 EP 3710 DI 10.5194/hess-18-3693-2014 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA AQ8WM UT WOS:000343118500024 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Pratt, PD Makinson, J AF Smith, David R. Pratt, Paul D. Makinson, Jeff TI Studies on the Asian sawflies of Formosempria Takeuchi (Hymenoptera,Tenthredinidae), with notes on the suitability of F. varipes Takeuchi as a biological control agent for skunk vine, Paederia foetida L. (Rubiaceae) in Florida SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Symphyta; biological control; skunk vine ID HYMENOPTERA; SYMPHYTA AB Formosempria Takeuchi, 1929, is distributed in southeastern Asia from Taiwan and China to Vietnam, Myanmar, and possibly northern India. Three species are included: F. crassicornis Wei & Nie, 2002, F. shanensis Malaise, 1961, and F. varipes Takeuchi, 1929 (= F. annamensis Malaise, 1961, syn. n.; = F. metallica Wei, 2003, syn. n.). Formosempria varies was reared from larvae feeding on Paederia foetida L. (Rubiaceae) in Hong Kong and was a potential biological agent for the invasive P. foetida in Florida. Larval feeding tests indicate more than one species of Paederia are suitable hosts for E varipes and further study for use as a biological control agent in Florida is unwarranted. Descriptions and illustration of the species are given, and life history notes on E varipes are presented. C1 [Smith, David R.] Agr Res Serv, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Pratt, Paul D.] Agr Res Serv, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Makinson, Jeff] ARS, USDA, Australian Biol Control Lab, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2014 VL 39 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.3897/JHR.39.8096 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8KA UT WOS:000343073200001 ER PT J AU Myartseva, SN Evans, GA Coronado-Blanco, JM AF Nikolaevna Myartseva, Svetlana Evans, Gregory Allyn Maria Coronado-Blanco, Juana TI The Encarsia noyesi species-group (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea,Aphelinidae) in the Neotropical region, with a key and description of the male of E. andrewi from Mexico SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aphelinidae; Encarsia; Neotropical; noyesi species-group ID APHELINIDAE HYMENOPTERA; HAYAT HYMENOPTERA; ALEYRODIDAE; PARASITOIDS; GENERA; STERNORRHYNCHA; WHITEFLIES; HEMIPTERA; HOMOPTERA; REVISION AB The Encarsia noyesi group species known to occur in the Neotropical region are reviewed. Taxonomic, host and distribution information for these eight species, and a key to females and males are provided. The male of E. andrewi (Myartseva and Coronado-Blanco) is described from Mexico. Aleurodicus dugesii Cockerell is reported as a new host record for E. andrewi. C1 [Nikolaevna Myartseva, Svetlana; Maria Coronado-Blanco, Juana] Univ Autonoma Tamaulipas, Fac Ingn & Ciencias, Victoria 87149, Tamalipas, Mexico. [Evans, Gregory Allyn] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Coronado-Blanco, JM (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Tamaulipas, Fac Ingn & Ciencias, Victoria 87149, Tamalipas, Mexico. EM jmcoronado@uat.edu.mx RI Coronado-Blanco, Juana/B-2783-2015 OI Coronado-Blanco, Juana/0000-0002-8387-7734 FU University of Tamaulipas FX Many thanks to E. Ruiz-Cancino (Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria Tamaulipas, Mexico) for his help in the collecting of specimens of Aphelinidae, to V. E. Carapia Ruiz (Universidad Autenoma del Estado de Morelos) for identification of whiteflies and to Jacinto Trevino Carreon and Arturo Mora Olivo (Universidad Autenoma de Tamaulipas) for identification of epiphyte plant. Thanks to University of Tamaulipas for financial support of this study. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2014 VL 39 BP 33 EP 46 DI 10.3897/JHR.39.7307 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8KA UT WOS:000343073200003 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Buffington, M AF Talamas, Elijah J. Buffington, Matthew TI Updates to the Nomenclature of Platygastroidea in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Platygastroidea; Platygastrinae; Scelioninae; Teleasinae; taxonomy ID HYMENOPTERA AB Parabaryconus Kozlov & Kononova, syn. n. is treated as a junior synonym of Cremastobaeus Ashmead; Cremastobaeus artus (Kozlov & Kononova), comb. n. is transferred from Parabaryconus; Paridris macrurous Kozlov & Le, syn. n. and P taekuli Talamas & Masner, syn. n. are treated as junior synonyms of P bispores Kozlov & Le; Leptoteleia japonica (Kozlov & Kononova), comb. n. is transferred from Triteleia Kieffer; Leptoteleia striola Talamas & Buffington, name n. is provided as a replacement name for Leptoteleia japonica Yamagishi; Dvivarnus punctatus Rajmohana & Veenakumari, syn. n. is treated as a junior synonym of Gryonoides agamades Kozlov & Le; Dvivarnus agamades comb. n. is transferred from Gryonoides Dodd; Anirama Kozlov, syn. n., Criomica Kozlov, syn. n. and Pyrgaspis Kozlov, syn. n. are treated as junior synonyms of Platygaster Latreille; Plaolgaster marikovskii Kozlov, comb. rev. and P semiclavata (Buhl), comb. n. are transferred from Anirama; Platygaster viktorovi (Kozlov), comb. n. is transferred from Criomica; Plavgaster haloxylonomyiae (Kozlov), comb. n. and P striativentris (Buhl), comb. n. are transferred from Pyrgaspis; Stosta Kozlov, syn. n. is treated as a junior synonym of Synopeas Forster; Synopeas tosti cola (Kozlov), comb. n. is transferred from Stosta. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM talamas.1@osu.edu FU Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS; Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory FX We extend our thanks to: Sergey Belokobilskij (ZIN) for hosting a visit of the first author to the Zoological Institute and the loan of specimens that made this publication possible; Peter Buhl, Lars Vilhelmsen (ZMUC), Shepherd Myers (BPBM) and Martin Schwarz (BLGA) for specimen loans; Norman Johnson and Joe Cora (OSUC) for critical database support and making taxonomic literature available; Alexander Konstantinov (USDA/SEL) for translating Kozlov's descriptions; Lubomir Masner (CNCI) for commentary on Platygastrinae; Istvan Miko (PSUC) for his input on morphological terms and the Teleasinae, David Notton (BMNH) for comments on Latin grammar, and Alexander Timokhov (MSU) for comments on nomenclature. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS, and the Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2014 VL 39 BP 99 EP 117 DI 10.3897/JHR.39.7698 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8KA UT WOS:000343073200008 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Zhang, XD Nair, SS Ragauskas, A Zhu, JY Deng, YL AF Sharma, Sudhir Zhang, Xiaodan Nair, Sandeep S. Ragauskas, Arthur Zhu, Junyong Deng, Yulin TI Thermally enhanced high performance cellulose nano fibril barrier membranes SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID GAS-SEPARATION MEMBRANES; FIBER WALL STRUCTURE; WATER-REPELLENT; PAPER SURFACES; FABRICATION; FILMS; COMPOSITES; CELLOPHANE; DIFFUSION; NANOPAPER AB Reported here is a method of thermal treatment to enhance the barrier properties of membranes made from Cellulose Nano Fibrils (CNFs). CNF membranes of 75 +/- 5 mu m thickness were prepared by evaporation of water from a suspension of CNFs. This was followed by thermal treatment at different temperatures (100 degrees C, 125 degrees C, 150 degrees C, and 175 degrees C) for 3 hours and subsequent conditioning at 23 degrees C and 50% relative humidity for 24 hours. Increasing thermal treatment temperature correlated with enhanced barrier properties; the oxygen and water vapor permeability decreased by 25 fold and 2 fold respectively after treatment at 175 degrees C. The reduction in permeability was attributed to an increase in crystallinity, reduction of the inter fibril space or porosity, and increase in hydrophobicity. These effects were also demonstrated to be analogous to hornification of cellulose fibers. C1 [Sharma, Sudhir; Deng, Yulin] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sharma, Sudhir; Deng, Yulin] Georgia Inst Technol, IPST GT, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Zhang, Xiaodan] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nair, Sandeep S.; Ragauskas, Arthur] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Zhu, Junyong] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Deng, YL (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM yulin.deng@ipst.gatech.edu OI Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X FU USDA Forest Product Lab FX The authors thank the Institute of Paper Science and Technology for providing Research Assistantship to Sharma, and USDA Forest Product Lab for Financial Support. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 26 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2014 VL 4 IS 85 BP 45136 EP 45142 DI 10.1039/c4ra07469f PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AQ7KM UT WOS:000342993500035 ER PT J AU Luo, J Pan, YB Xu, LP Zhang, YY Zhang, H Chen, RK Que, YX AF Luo, Jun Pan, Yong-Bao Xu, Liping Zhang, Yuye Zhang, Hua Chen, Rukai Que, Youxiong TI Photosynthetic and Canopy Characteristics of Different Varieties at the Early Elongation Stage and Their Relationships with the Cane Yield in Sugarcane SO SCIENTIFIC WORLD JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB During sugarcane growth, the Early Elongation stage is critical to cane yield formation. In this study, parameters of 17 sugarcane varieties were determined at the Early Elongation stage using CI-301 photosynthesis measuring system and CI-100 digital plant canopy imager. The data analysis showed highly significant differences in leaf area index (LAI), mean foliage inclination angle (MFIA), transmission coefficient for diffused light penetration (TD), transmission coefficient for solar beam radiation penetration (TR), leaf distribution (LD), net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (GS) among sugarcane varieties. Based on the photosynthetic or canopy parameters, the 17 sugarcane varieties were classified into four categories. Through the factor analysis, nine parameters were represented by three principal factors, of which the cumulative rate of variance contributions reached 85.77%. A regression for sugarcane yield, with relative error of yield fitting less than 0.05, was successfully established: sugarcane yield = -27.19 - 1.69 x PN + 0.17 x E + 90.43 x LAI - 408.81 x LD + 0.0015 x NSH + 101.38 x D (R-2 = 0.928**). This study helps provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the screening of new sugarcane varieties with high net photosynthetic rate and ideal canopy structure. C1 [Luo, Jun; Xu, Liping; Zhang, Yuye; Zhang, Hua; Chen, Rukai; Que, Youxiong] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Key Lab Sugarcane Biol & Genet Breeding, Minist Agr, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China. [Pan, Yong-Bao] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Xu, LP (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Key Lab Sugarcane Biol & Genet Breeding, Minist Agr, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China. EM xlpmail@126.com; queyouxiong@hotmail.com OI Que, Youxiong/0000-0003-1111-5834 FU 948 Program on the Introduction of International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technique of Department of Agriculture [2014-S18]; Public Welfare Industrial Research Project of China [201003009-2]; earmarked fund for the Modern Agriculture Technology of China [CARS-20] FX This study was supported by the 948 Program on the Introduction of International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technique of Department of Agriculture (2014-S18), the Public Welfare Industrial Research Project of China (201003009-2), and the earmarked fund for the Modern Agriculture Technology of China (CARS-20). The authors especially thank Luguang Wu at School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, for valuable editorial comments during paper preparation. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1537-744X J9 SCI WORLD J JI Sci. World J. PY 2014 AR 707095 DI 10.1155/2014/707095 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR3LV UT WOS:000343490300001 ER PT S AU Santos, JR Silva, CVD Galvao, LS Treuhaft, R Mura, JC Madsen, S Goncalves, FG Keller, MM AF Santos, Joao Roberto de Jesus Silva, Camila Valeria Galvao, Lenio Soares Treuhaft, Robert Mura, Jose Claudio Madsen, Soren Goncalves, Fabio Guimaraes Keller, Michael Maier BE Hadjimitsis, DG Themistocleous, K Michaelides, S Papadavid, G TI Determining aboveground biomass of the forest successional chronosequence in a test- site of Brazilian Amazon through X- and L- band data analysis SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON REMOTE SENSING AND GEOINFORMATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (RSCY2014) SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy) CY APR 07-10, 2014 CL Paphos, CYPRUS SP Cyprus Remote Sensing Soc, Cyprus Univ Technol, European Space Agcy, Cyprus Sci & Tech Chamber, Dept Meteorol & Minist Def, Minist Coomun & Works, Dept Elect Commun, Agr Res Inst, Hellas Sat, Neapolis Univ, Frederick Univ, European Cooperat Sci & Technol, Intergraph, Geosystems Hellas, Li Cor, Spectra Vista Corp, Cyprus Assoc Civil Engineers, Agisoft, QuestUAV, Smart Events, Pegeia Municipal, Municipal Pafos DE biomass; secondary succession; PALSAR/ALOS; TanDEM/TerraSAR-X; Amazon forest; monitoring ID REMOTE-SENSING DATA; LANDSAT TM DATA; TROPICAL FOREST; TANDEM-X; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SAR DATA; RADAR; CLASSIFICATION; DECOMPOSITION; REGENERATION AB Secondary succession is an important process in the Amazonian region with implications for the global carbon cycle and for the sustainable regional agricultural and pasture activities. In order to better discriminate the secondary succession and to characterize and estimate the aboveground biomass (AGB), backscatter and interferometric SAR data generally have been analyzed through empirical-based statistical modeling. The objective of this study is to verify the capability of the full polarimetric PALSAR/ALOS (L-band) attributes, when combined with the interferometric (InSAR) coherence from the TanDEM-X (X-band), to improve the AGB estimates of the succession chronosequence located in the Brazilian Tapajos region. In order to perform this study, we carried out multivariate regression using radar attributes and biophysical parameters acquired during a field inventory. A previous floristic-structural analysis was performed to establish the chronosequence in three stages: initial vegetation regrowth, intermediate, and advanced regrowth. The relationship between PALSAR data and AGB was significant (p< 0.001) and results suggested that the "volumetric scattering" (Pv) and "anisotropy" (A) attributes were important to explain the biomass content of the successional chronosequence (R-adjusted(2) = 0.67; RMSE = 32.29 Mg. ha(-1)). By adding the TanDEM-derived interferometric coherence (gamma(i)) into the regression modeling, better results were obtained (R y adjusted = 0.75; RMSE = 28.78Mg. ha(-1)). When we used both the L-and X-band attributes, the stock density prediction improved to 10.8 % for the secondary succession stands. C1 [Santos, Joao Roberto; de Jesus Silva, Camila Valeria; Galvao, Lenio Soares; Mura, Jose Claudio] Natl Inst Space Res, Av Astronautas 1758, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Treuhaft, Robert; Madsen, Soren] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Goncalves, Fabio Guimaraes] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Keller, Michael Maier] Univ New Hampshire, USDA Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Santos, JR (reprint author), Natl Inst Space Res, Av Astronautas 1758, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior ( CAPES); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Jet Propulsion Laboratory and California Institute of Technology [281945.02.61.02.82]; Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio/ MMA - Sisbio Process) [35010- 1, 38157- 2] FX The authors are grateful to the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior ( CAPES), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnologico (CNPq), the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and California Institute of Technology ( under a contract with National Aeronautics and Space Administration - task number 281945.02.61.02.82) and the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio/ MMA - Sisbio Process 35010- 1 and 38157- 2). Thanks are also due to Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi - MPEG for the botanical assistance and Large Scale Biosphere- Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA- Santarem Office) for the logistic support during the field surveys. We thank the German Aerospace Center (DLR) for processing and delivery of the TanDEM- X data. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-276-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9229 AR UNSP 92291E DI 10.1117/12.2066031 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Geology; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB4AV UT WOS:000343123100044 ER PT J AU Lippolis, V Maragos, C AF Lippolis, V. Maragos, C. TI Fluorescence polarisation immunoassays for rapid, accurate and sensitive determination of mycotoxins SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE high-throughput methods; screening assays; mycotoxin analysis; review ID IMMUNOCHEMICAL METHODS; SMALL MOLECULES; WHEAT; DEOXYNIVALENOL; ZEARALENONE; OCHRATOXIN; TOOL; OPTIMIZATION; PRODUCTS; ASSAY AB Fluorescence polarisation immunoassay (FPIA) is a type of homogeneous assay. For low molecular weight antigens, such as mycotoxins, it is based on the competition between an unlabeled antigen and its fluorescent-labelled derivative (tracer) for an antigen-specific antibody. The antigen content is determined by measuring the reduction of fluorescence polarisation signal, which in turn is determined by the reduction of tracer molecules able to bind antibody in solution. To develop a competitive FPIA for mycotoxin measurement the tracer has to be synthesised and its binding response with a specific antibody should be tested. Selectivity and sensitivity of the FPIA methods are strictly related to the antibody/tracer combination used. Several FPIA methods for the detection of the major mycotoxins, including aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 toxins and zearalenone in food and beverages have been developed in the last decade. Basic principles, key elements, advantages and limitations of these methods are reviewed. These FPIA methods are simple, readily automated, rapid, and suitable for high-throughput screening, as well as for the reliable quantitative determination of mycotoxins in foods and commodities. C1 [Lippolis, V.] Natl Res Council Italy CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod ISPA, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Maragos, C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Lippolis, V (reprint author), Natl Res Council Italy CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod ISPA, Via G Amendola 122-O, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM vincenzo.lippolis@ispa.cnr.it NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 35 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 4 SI SI BP 479 EP 489 DI 10.3920/WMJ2013.1681 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA AQ8JK UT WOS:000343071600008 ER PT J AU Chappell, A Webb, NP Rossel, RAV Bui, E AF Chappell, A. Webb, N. P. Rossel, R. A. Viscarra Bui, E. TI Australian net (1950s-1990) soil organic carbon erosion: implications for CO2 emission and land-atmosphere modelling SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; ESTIMATE RATES; WIND EROSION; REDISTRIBUTION; CS-137; CESIUM-137; SEDIMENT; DUST; SINK; DEPOSITION AB The debate remains unresolved about soil erosion substantially offsetting fossil fuel emissions and acting as an important source or sink of CO2. There is little historical land use and management context to this debate, which is central to Australia's recent past of European settlement, agricultural expansion and agriculturally-induced soil erosion. We use "catchment" scale (similar to 25 km(2)) estimates of Cs-137-derived net (1950s-1990) soil redistribution of all processes (wind, water and tillage) to calculate the net soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution across Australia. We approximate the selective removal of SOC at net eroding locations and SOC enrichment of transported sediment and net depositional locations. We map net (1950s-1990) SOC redistribution across Australia and estimate erosion by all processes to be similar to 4 Tg SOC yr(-1), which represents a loss of similar to 2% of the total carbon stock (0-10 cm) of Australia. Assuming this net SOC loss is mineralised, the flux (similar to 15 Tg CO2-equivalents yr(-1)) represents an omitted 12% of CO2-equivalent emissions from all carbon pools in Australia. Although a small source of uncertainty in the Australian carbon budget, the mass flux interacts with energy and water fluxes, and its omission from land surface models likely creates more uncertainty than has been previously recognised. C1 [Chappell, A.; Rossel, R. A. Viscarra; Bui, E.] CSIRO Land & Water & Sustainable Agr Natl Res Fl, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Webb, N. P.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, MSC JER 3, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Chappell, A (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water & Sustainable Agr Natl Res Fl, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM adrian.chappell@csiro.au RI Bui, Elisabeth/C-8849-2011; Chappell, Adrian/A-7058-2011; viscarra rossel, raphael/B-4061-2011 OI Bui, Elisabeth/0000-0001-7632-1992; Chappell, Adrian/0000-0002-0694-7348; viscarra rossel, raphael/0000-0003-1540-4748 FU CSIRO Sustainable Agriculture National Research Flagship FX Funding for this research was provided by the CSIRO Sustainable Agriculture National Research Flagship. The authors are grateful to colleagues Jon Sanderman and Pep Canadell and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier manuscript. Any errors or omissions in the manuscript remain the responsibility of the authors. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 25 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2014 VL 11 IS 18 BP 5235 EP 5244 DI 10.5194/bg-11-5235-2014 PG 10 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AQ8XA UT WOS:000343120900022 ER PT J AU Kueffer, C Daehler, C Dietz, H McDougall, K Parks, C Pauchard, A Rew, L AF Kueffer, Christoph Daehler, Curtis Dietz, Hansjoerg McDougall, Keith Parks, Catherine Pauchard, Anibal Rew, Lisa CA MIREN Consortium TI The Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) Linking Local and Global Scales for Addressing an Ecological Consequence of Global Change SO GAIA-ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES FOR SCIENCE AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE boundary organization; case-study research; global change; invasive species; mountain C1 [Kueffer, Christoph; Dietz, Hansjoerg] ETH, Inst Integrat Biol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Daehler, Curtis] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [McDougall, Keith] La Trobe Univ, Dept Environm Management & Ecol, Wodonga, Vic, Australia. [Parks, Catherine] Pacific NW Res Stn, US Forest Serv, La Grande, OR USA. [Pauchard, Anibal] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Forest, Concepcion, Chile. [Pauchard, Anibal] IEB, Concepcion, Chile. [Rew, Lisa] Montana State Univ, Land Resources & Environm Sci Dept, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Kueffer, C (reprint author), ETH, Inst Integrat Biol, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM christoph.kueffer@env.ethz.ch RI Haider, Sylvia/M-2990-2014; Pauchard, Anibal/B-5034-2008; arevalo, Jose Ramon/C-6611-2014 OI Alexander, Jake/0000-0003-2226-7913; Pauchard, Anibal/0000-0003-1284-3163; arevalo, Jose Ramon/0000-0003-2152-5212 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU OEKOM VERLAG PI MUNICH PA WALTHERSTR 29, MUNICH, 80337, GERMANY SN 0940-5550 J9 GAIA JI GAIA PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 BP 263 EP 265 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ7BB UT WOS:000342966500010 ER PT J AU Prous, M Blank, SM Goulet, H Heibo, E Liston, A Malm, T Nyman, T Schmidt, S Smith, DR Vardal, H Viitasaari, M Vikberg, V Taeger, A AF Prous, Marko Blank, Stephan M. Goulet, Henri Heibo, Erik Liston, Andrew Malm, Tobias Nyman, Tommi Schmidt, Stefan Smith, David R. Vardal, Hege Viitasaari, Matti Vikberg, Veli Taeger, Andreas TI The genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera,Tenthredinidae) SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sawflies; taxonomy; phylogeny; key; new synonyms; new combinations; replacement names ID SCHIODTE HYMENOPTERA-TENTHREDINIDAE; GENUS SUSANA ROHWER; NORTH-AMERICA; SAWFLIES HYMENOPTERA; SYMPHYTA HYMENOPTERA; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; WORLD CATALOG; FLORISSANT; MORPHOLOGY; ALGORITHM AB Recent phylogenetic studies on Nematinae based on DNA sequences have shown extensive incongruencies with current nomenclature of genus-group taxa. Here, we expand previous DNA sequence datasets based on three genes (Col, Cytb, and EF-1 alpha), to include a fourth (NaK) and more genera. The analyses largely confirm the previous findings, particularly the existence of two well-supported large clades, Euura and Pristiphora, together comprising more than 75% of the species of Nematinae. Basal relationships within these two clades remain poorly resolved, mirroring the difficulties in delimiting genera based on morphology. In addition, a moderately supported small clade, Nematus, is found. The relationships between the Euura, Pristiphora, and Nematus dades are uncertain. Therefore, to stabilize the nomenclature we treat these clades as genera. This taxonomic treatment results in numerous new combinations of species names. The following synonymies are proposed for the available genus-group names. Synonyms of Euura Newman, 1837: Gyptocampus Hartig, 1837, Evura Agassiz, 1848, Pontania Costa, 1852, syn. n., Epitactus Forster, 1854, syn. n., Amauronematus Konow, 1890, syn. n., Holcocneme Konow, 1890, syn. n., Pachynematus Konow, 1890, syn. n., Holcocnema Schulz, 1906, syn. n., Holcocnemis Konow, 1907, syn. n., Pteronidea Rohwer, 1911, syn. n., Pontopristia Malaise, 1921, syn. n., Brachycoluma Strand, 1929, syn. n., Decanematus Malaise, 1931, syn. n., Pikonema Ross, 1937, syn. n., Phyllocolpa Benson, 1960, syn. it., Eitelius Kontuniemi, 1966, syn. n., Gemmura E.L. Smith, 1968, Eupontania Zinovjev, 1985, syn. n., Larinematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988, syn. n., Polynematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988, syn. n., Bacconematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988, syn. n., Alpinematus Lacourt, 1996, syn. n., Epicenematus Lacourt, 1998, syn. n., Kontuniemiana Lacourt, 1998, syn. n., Lindqvistia Lacourt, 1998, syn. n., Luea Wei and Nie, 1998, syn. n., and Tubpontania Vikberg, 2010, syn. n. Synonyms of Nematus Panzer, 1801: Craesus Leach, 1817, Hypolaepus W.F. Kirby, 1882, and Paranematus Zinovjev, 1978. Synonyms of Pristiphora Latreille, 1810: Diphadnus Hartig, 1837, Lygaeonematus Konow, 1890, Micronematus Konow, 1890, Gymnonychus Madam 1896, Neopareophora MacGillivray, 1908, syn. n., Neotomostethus MacGillivray, 1908, Dineuridea Rohwer, 1912, Sala Ross, 1937, Pristola Ross, 1945, syn. n., Nepionema Benson, 1960, syn. n., Melastola Wong, 1968, syn. n., Sharliphora Wong, 1969, Oligonematus Zhelochovtsev, 1988, Lygaeotus Liston, 1993, Lygaeophora Liston, 1993, and Pristicampus Zinovjev, 1993, syn. n. Varna Ross, 1937, syn. n. is treated as a synonym of Dineura Dahlbom 1835. Stauronematus Benson, 1953 is treated as a separate genus from Pristiphora. Names of 20 species-group taxa are junior secondary homonyms when combined with Euura. Replacement names are proposed for these. To facilitate the identification of Nematinae genera, we provide an illustrated key to the 31 extant genera of world Nematinae. C1 [Prous, Marko; Blank, Stephan M.; Liston, Andrew; Taeger, Andreas] Senckenberg German Entomol Intitute, D-15374 Muncheberg, Germany. [Prous, Marko] Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, Dept Zool, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Goulet, Henri] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Heibo, Erik] Ento Consulting, N-3420 Lierskogen, Norway. [Malm, Tobias; Nyman, Tommi] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Biol, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland. [Schmidt, Stefan] Bavarian State Collect Zool, Hymenoptera Sect, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Smith, David R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Vardal, Hege] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Prous, M (reprint author), Senckenberg German Entomol Intitute, Eberswalder Str 90, D-15374 Muncheberg, Germany. EM mprous@senckenberg.de OI Prous, Marko/0000-0002-5329-7608 FU Swedish Taxonomy Initiative [dha 153/2011] FX Funding by the Swedish Taxonomy Initiative (contract number dha 153/2011) made this work possible. We offer our heartfelt thanks for loans and gifts of material, as well as for valuable advice and information, to Iiro Kakko, Jens-Peter Kopelke, Manfred Kraus, Jean Lacourt, Pekka Malinen, Gengyun Niu, Henri Savina, Akihiko Shinohara, Shu-Jun Wei and staff of the Swedish Malaise Trap Project (particularly Mattias Forshage, Kajsa Glemhorn, Dave Karlsson and Pelle Magnusson). Julie Stahlhut, Crystal Sobel and their colleagues at BOLD (The Barcode of Life Data System, University of Guelph, Canada) helped us to obtain barcode sequences of some specimens. Gavin Broad and Lars Vilhelmsen are cordially thanked for reviewing the manuscript. NR 206 TC 7 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2014 VL 40 BP 1 EP 69 DI 10.3897/JHR.40.7442 PG 69 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ8KB UT WOS:000343073300001 ER PT J AU Akdemir, D Jannink, JL AF Akdemir, Deniz Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Ensemble learning with trees and rules: Supervised, semi-supervised, unsupervised SO INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Decision trees; ensemble learning; rule ensembles; semi-supervised learning; clustering ID CLASSIFICATION; VALIDATION; SELECTION AB In this article, we propose several new approaches for post processing a large ensemble of conjunctive rules for supervised, semi-supervised and unsupervised learning problems. We show with various examples that for high dimensional regression problems the models constructed by post processing the rules with partial least squares regression have significantly better prediction performance than the ones produced by the random forest or the rulefit algorithms which use equal weights or weights estimated from lasso regression. When rule ensembles are used for semi-supervised and unsupervised learning, the internal and external measures of cluster validity point to high quality groupings. C1 [Akdemir, Deniz] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Akdemir, D (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM da346@cornell.edu FU USDA-NIFA-AFRI Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project [2011-68002-30029] FX This research was also supported by the USDA-NIFA-AFRI Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project, award number 2011-68002-30029. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1088-467X EI 1571-4128 J9 INTELL DATA ANAL JI Intell. Data Anal. PY 2014 VL 18 IS 5 BP 857 EP 872 DI 10.3233/IDA-140672 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA AQ1QO UT WOS:000342556300006 ER PT J AU Jiang, YJ He, AL Liu, YH Xie, BG Li, Y Deng, YJ Liu, XR Liu, QC AF Jiang, Yuji He, Anle Liu, Yanhong Xie, Baogui Li, Ye Deng, Youjin Liu, Xinrui Liu, Qichao TI Development of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Higher Basidiomycetes) Polysaccharides Injection Formulation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS LA English DT Article DE medicinal mushrooms; Ganoderma lucidum; polysaccharides purification; injection ID ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; FRUITING BODIES; PURIFICATION; PRODUCTS AB Biochemical and pharmacological research has demonstrated that Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPS) have significant anticancer, antitumor, and antioxidant activities. To investigate the effect of injecting GLPS into hosts for clinical studies, aqueous polysaccharide extracts from G. lucidum fruit bodies were purified by deproteinization using the Sevage method, anion-exchange chromatography elution (cellulose DEAE-52 chromatography), dialysis, ethanol precipitation, and active carbon and millipore membrane filtration techniques. The purified GLPS were used for injection in mice. Polysaccharide indexes, protein, tannin, heavy metal, arsenic salt, oxalate, potassium ion, resin, pH, ignition residue measurements, evaluation criterion for allergic reactions, and total solids content of the GLPS injection were all performed using the reference methods in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Our results showed that polysaccharide was the key component of injection mixtures. The ignition residue and total solids content in the injection mixture were 1.4% and 2.4%, respectively. The other indices were all within the expected safety ranges. Furthermore, studies from mice functional assays showed that the injection mixture improved the antifatigue capacity of mice without any effect on weight loss/gain. In addition, the injection mixture was safe, which was confirmed by allergy testing in guinea pigs. The development of a GLPS injection offers a novel approach for future medicinal mushroom utilization and holds great commercial promise. C1 [Jiang, Yuji; He, Anle; Xie, Baogui] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Coll Food Sci, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Yuji; Xie, Baogui; Deng, Youjin; Liu, Xinrui] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Mycol Res Ctr, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yanhong] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogen Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Li, Ye] Fujian Xianzhilou Biol Sci Technol Co Ltd, Fuzhou, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Liu, Qichao] Centaurus BioPharma Co Ltd, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Xie, BG (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Mycol Res Ctr, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM yanhong.liu@ars.usda.gov; mrcfafu@163.com FU Science Research Foundation of Ministry of Health & United Fujian Provincial Health and Education Project for Tackling the Key Research, P.R. China [WKJ2008-2-40] FX This research is supported by Science Research Foundation of Ministry of Health & United Fujian Provincial Health and Education Project for Tackling the Key Research, P.R. China (No. WKJ2008-2-40). The authors are grateful to the Fujian Edible Fungi Engineering Technology Research Center and National Edible Fungi Breeding Center (Fujian Division) for providing the experimental facilities. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 18 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1521-9437 EI 1940-4344 J9 INT J MED MUSHROOMS JI Int. J. Med. Mushrooms PY 2014 VL 16 IS 5 BP 411 EP 419 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Mycology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Mycology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AQ3XU UT WOS:000342727600001 PM 25271977 ER PT J AU Cheng, MW Chegeni, M Kim, KH Zhang, GY Benmoussa, M Quezada-Calvillo, R Nichols, BL Hamaker, BR AF Cheng, Min-Wen Chegeni, Mohammad Kim, Kee-Hong Zhang, Genyi Benmoussa, Mustapha Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto Nichols, Buford L. Hamaker, Bruce R. TI Different sucrose-isomaltase response of Caco-2 cells to glucose and maltose suggests dietary maltose sensing SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE maltose; mucosal alpha-glucosidases; small intestine; sensing; sucrase-isomaltase ID INTESTINAL SUCRASE-ISOMALTASE; EXPRESSION; DIGESTION; MEMBRANE; STARCH; MODEL; LINE; GLYCOSYLATION; ABSORPTION; SUBUNITS AB Using the small intestine enterocyte Caco-2 cell model, sucrase-isomaltase (SI, the mucosal alpha-glucosidase complex) expression and modification were examined relative to exposure to different mono- and disaccharide glycemic carbohydrates. Caco-2/TC7 cells were grown on porous supports to post-confluence for complete differentiation, and dietary carbohydrate molecules of glucose, sucrose (disaccharide of glucose and fructose), maltose (disaccharide of two glucoses alpha-1,4 linked), and isomaltose (disaccharide of two glucoses alpha-1,6 linked) were used to treat the cells. qRT-PCR results showed that all the carbohydrate molecules induced the expression of the SI gene, though maltose (and isomaltose) showed an incremental increase in mRNA levels over time that glucose did not. Western blot analysis of the SI protein revealed that only maltose treatment induced a higher molecular weight band (Mw similar to 245 kDa), also at higher expression level, suggesting post-translational processing of SI, and more importantly a sensing of maltose. Further work is warranted regarding this putative sensing response as a potential control point for starch digestion and glucose generation in the small intestine. C1 [Cheng, Min-Wen; Chegeni, Mohammad; Hamaker, Bruce R.] Purdue Univ, Whistler Ctr Carbohydrate Res, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cheng, Min-Wen; Chegeni, Mohammad; Kim, Kee-Hong; Hamaker, Bruce R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zhang, Genyi; Benmoussa, Mustapha] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Nichols, Buford L.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Nichols, Buford L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Dept Chem, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico. RP Hamaker, BR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Whistler Ctr Carbohydrate Res, 745 Agr Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM hamakerb@purdue.edu NR 31 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 20 PU JOURNAL CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY & NUTRITION PI KYOTO PA KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIV MED, GRAD SCH MEDICAL SCIENCE, DEPT MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY, KYOTO, 602-8566, JAPAN SN 0912-0009 EI 1880-5086 J9 J CLIN BIOCHEM NUTR JI J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 54 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.3164/jcbn.13-59 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AQ4BG UT WOS:000342736600011 PM 24426192 ER PT S AU Atungulu, GG Pan, ZL AF Atungulu, Griffiths G. Pan, Zhongli BE DeRegil, LM Laillou, A MoenchPfanner, R PenaRosas, JP TI Rice industrial processing worldwide and impact on macro- and micronutrient content, stability, and retention SO TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR RICE FORTIFICATION IN PUBLIC HEALTH SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE rice; industrial processing; milling; nutrition ID MILLED RICE; ENERGY-UTILIZATION; MILLING FRACTIONS; BROWN RICE; PROTEIN; THIAMIN AB Various processing methods are used in the food industry worldwide to produce numerous rice products with desirable sensory qualities based on cultural and cooking preferences and nutritional considerations. The processes result in variable degrees of macro- and micronutrient content, stability, and retention, depending on rice variety and original nutritional quality. In this article, modern and traditional premilling, milling, and postmilling processing methods of different rice types are comprehensively reviewed. The implications of industrial rice processing methods, especially milling, as well as techniques for nutrient extraction, transfer, and enhancement, such as rice parboiling, sprouting, and fortification, for macro-and micronutrient content and consumer acceptance of the products, are documented. Socioeconomic constraints facing various aspects of rice processing methods are also discussed. This article reviews up-to-date research on rice industrial processing worldwide and aims to benefit engineers dealing with food processing, nutritionists and dieticians, food companies, education and research institutions, and quality-control and safety managers. C1 [Atungulu, Griffiths G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94706 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94706 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 13 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2014 VL 1324 BP 15 EP 28 DI 10.1111/nyas.12492 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB3CV UT WOS:000342676000003 PM 25091587 ER PT J AU Dias, VS Stuhl, C Sivinski, J AF Dias, Vanessa Simoes Stuhl, Charles Sivinski, John TI Effects of a fruit and a host-derived compound on orientation and oviposition in Utetes anastrephae, a little studied opiine braconid (Hymenoptera) parasitoid of Anastrepha spp. fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diachasmimorpha; Utetes; para-ethylacetophenone; limonene ID DIACHASMIMORPHA-LONGICAUDATA HYMENOPTERA; FLY; COLONIZATION; VOLATILES; LARVAE; CUES AB Augmentative biological control of tephritid fruit flies would benefit from: (1) synthetic attractants to monitor the survival and dispersal of released parasitoids and (2) synthetic oviposition stimulants to reduce production costs of parasitoid species that are now prohibitively costly to mass-rear. Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) is a widespread and sometimes common opiine braconid parasitoid of several pest Anastrepha spp. Despite its host range, distribution and abundance, it has attracted relatively little research and little is known of its chemical ecology. Its orientation was determined towards two chemical cues hypothesised to be useful at two spatial scales: (1) limonene derived from fruit is presumably abundant and widely dispersed and might identify from a distance patches of potentially host-containing fruit; and (2) para-ethylacetophenone (PEA), a volatile emitted by a number of tephritid larvae, presumably in relatively small amounts, and which could serve as short-range cue or oviposition stimulant. Various concentrations of limonene proved attractive to both females and males, perhaps to the later as a means of locating females accumulated in the vicinity of limonene-emitting host plants. PEA at the concentrations tested did not influence oviposition in U. anastrephae, although it did so for Diachasmimorpha long-icaudata (Ashmead), another opiine tephritid parasitoid, previously known to respond to PEA and included in the experiment as a positive control. Limonene at the concentrations tested had no effect on oviposition in either species. These results advance efforts to synthesise attractants and oviposition stimulants for alternative candidates for augmentation such as U. anastrephae. C1 [Dias, Vanessa Simoes] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Stuhl, Charles; Sivinski, John] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Sivinski, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM john.sivinski@ars.usda.gov RI Simoes Dias, Vanessa/P-4625-2016 OI Simoes Dias, Vanessa/0000-0001-9904-2849 FU International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) [BRA 12014]; Argonne National Laboratory [2060716] FX We thank to Diego Segura (INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina) and Ruth Rufino do Nascimento (UFAL, Alagoas, Brazil) for invaluable contributions to an earlier version of this manuscript. Also, we thank the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Argonne National Laboratory for a fellowship (BRA 12014) awarded to the first author through the IAEA's TC project number 2060716. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1412 EP 1424 DI 10.1080/09583157.2014.943655 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AP8EU UT WOS:000342312200006 ER PT J AU Szendrei, Z Bryant, A Rowley, D Furlong, MJ Schmidt, JM Greenstone, MH AF Szendrei, Zsofia Bryant, Alexandria Rowley, Daniel Furlong, Michael J. Schmidt, Jason M. Greenstone, Matthew H. TI Linking habitat complexity with predation of pests through molecular gut-content analyses SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cover crop mulch; weed management; primer; DNA; Pieris rapae; Plutella xylostella; insect; arthropod; predator ID NATURAL ENEMIES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ARTHROPOD PESTS; WEED MANAGEMENT; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; SUPPRESSION; PREY; SELECTION; CABBAGE; PCR AB Improving the diversity of farm systems or landscapes can lead to more effective biological control by providing refuge and alternative resources for colonising natural enemies. Within an experimental cabbage agroecosystem, we examined the effects of habitat management (i.e. herbicide use and cover crops) on pest populations and predator community structure, and report one of the first studies on the trophic links in this system using molecular gut-content analysis. In response to herbicide and cover crop management treatments designed to create different levels of habitat diversity, we quantified the abundance of two pests, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Pieris rapae Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), and predators. We designed species-specific primers to detect prey DNA in predators' guts. Pieris rapae were significantly more abundant in plots where cover crops were killed early in the season, and habitat management generated unique predator communities in response to weed management treatments. Thirty-five per cent of predators tested positive for prey DNA, and habitat management had interactive effects on predation of P. xylostella. Combined we found that habitat management has variable effects on natural enemy-pest interactions. C1 [Szendrei, Zsofia; Bryant, Alexandria; Schmidt, Jason M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rowley, Daniel; Greenstone, Matthew H.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Furlong, Michael J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Schmidt, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM jschmidt@msu.edu RI Furlong, Michael/A-3314-2013 OI Furlong, Michael/0000-0002-1465-8087 FU Michigan State University [MSU - GR10-118] FX Funding for this project was provided by Michigan State University's Plant Science Fellowship to AB, and Project GREEEN [MSU - GR10-118] to ZS. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 44 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1425 EP 1438 DI 10.1080/09583157.2014.944098 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AP8EU UT WOS:000342312200007 ER PT S AU Bolton, DJ Edrington, TS Nisbet, DJ Callaway, TR AF Bolton, D. J. Edrington, T. S. Nisbet, D. J. Callaway, T. R. BE Hoorfar, J TI Zoonotic transfer of pathogens from animals to farm products SO GLOBAL SAFETY OF FRESH PRODUCE: A HANDBOOK OF BEST PRACTICE, INNOVATIVE COMMERCIAL SOLUTIONS AND CASE STUDIES SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE foodborne pathogens; animal production; preharvest; live animal; intervention strategies ID SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; COLI O157; SUPPLEMENTATION; CAMPYLOBACTER; PERFORMANCE; ENVIRONMENT; STRATEGIES; STRAINS AB Food animals contain a microbial population that lives on and within them, but this commensal microbial population can be penetrated by foodborne pathogenic bacteria that live asymptomatically in the animal. The presence of these pathogens in the live animal can contaminate water supplies and nearby crops, as well as be directly transmitted to humans via animal contact. Transmission to humans can be reduced via implementation of manure handling and spreading processes. Further pathogen reduction interventions can be grouped into antipathogen, pro-competition and management strategies. The rationale and effectiveness of these methods are discussed. C1 [Bolton, D. J.] TEAGASC, Ashtown Food Res Ctr, Food Safety Dept, Dublin 15, Ireland. [Edrington, T. S.; Nisbet, D. J.; Callaway, T. R.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM todd.callaway@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-78242-027-9; 978-1-78242-018-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2014 IS 260 BP 52 EP 67 DI 10.1533/9781782420279.1.52 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BB2HQ UT WOS:000341779200007 ER PT S AU Luo, Y Ingram, DT Khurana, K AF Luo, Y. Ingram, D. T. Khurana, K. BE Hoorfar, J TI Preventing cross-contamination during produce wash operations SO GLOBAL SAFETY OF FRESH PRODUCE: A HANDBOOK OF BEST PRACTICE, INNOVATIVE COMMERCIAL SOLUTIONS AND CASE STUDIES SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE post-harvest; produce; wash water; sanitizers; foodborne pathogens ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; FRESH-CUT LETTUCE; CHLORINE INACTIVATION; WATER; DISINFECTION; VEGETABLES; SURVIVAL; EFFICACY; GROWTH AB Produce washing is a common commercial practice intended to enhance product quality and shelf-life, and improve food safety through the removal of foreign materials, plant tissue exudates and the inactivation of both human pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. However, in the absence of sufficient sanitizer presence, washing also has the potential to allow pathogen survival and spread to uncontaminated produce in the wash water. Maintenance of effective sanitizer concentrations in the wash water is a critical control point to reduce risk by preventing wash water itself from becoming a major source of pathogen cross-contamination. C1 [Luo, Y.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ingram, D. T.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Khurana, K.] Pulse Instruments, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. RP Luo, Y (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yaguang.Luo@ars.usda.gov; David.Ingram@fda.hhs.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978-1-78242-027-9; 978-1-78242-018-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2014 IS 260 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1533/9781782420279.2.103 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BB2HQ UT WOS:000341779200009 ER PT J AU Stanturf, JA van Oosten, C AF Stanturf, John A. van Oosten, Cees BE Isebrands, JG Richardson, J TI Operational Poplar and Willow Culture SO POPLARS AND WILLOWS: TREES FOR SOCIETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SHORT-ROTATION COPPICE; ABOVEGROUND WOODY BIOMASS; 4 POPULUS CLONES; HYBRID POPLAR; EASTERN COTTONWOOD; INTENSIVE CULTURE; GENETIC-VARIATION; NORTHERN EUROPE; PRODUCTION PHYSIOLOGY; TREMULOIDES MICHX. C1 [Stanturf, John A.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [van Oosten, Cees] SilviConsult Woody Crops Technol Inc, Nanaimo, BC V9T 4N3, Canada. RP Stanturf, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM drdirt48@gmail.com; silviconsult@telus.net NR 220 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-108-9 PY 2014 BP 200 EP 257 D2 10.1079/9781780641089.0000 PG 58 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BB2MI UT WOS:000341911300005 ER PT J AU Isebrands, JG Aronsson, P Carlson, M Ceulemans, R Coleman, M Dickinson, N Dimitriou, J Doty, S Gardiner, E Heinsoo, K Johnson, JD Koo, YB Kort, J Kuzovkina, J Licht, L McCracken, AR McIvor, I Mertens, P Perttu, K Riddell-Black, D Robinson, B Scarascia-Mugnozza, G Schroeder, WR Stanturf, J Volk, TA Weih, M AF Isebrands, J. G. Aronsson, P. Carlson, M. Ceulemans, R. Coleman, M. Dickinson, N. Dimitriou, J. Doty, S. Gardiner, E. Heinsoo, K. Johnson, J. D. Koo, Y. B. Kort, J. Kuzovkina, J. Licht, L. McCracken, A. R. McIvor, I. Mertens, P. Perttu, K. Riddell-Black, D. Robinson, B. Scarascia-Mugnozza, G. Schroeder, W. R. Stanturf, J. Volk, T. A. Weih, M. BE Isebrands, JG Richardson, J TI Environmental Applications of Poplars and Willows SO POPLARS AND WILLOWS: TREES FOR SOCIETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SHORT-ROTATION COPPICE; HEAVY-METAL ACCUMULATION; MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER; BACTERIA IMPROVE PHYTOREMEDIATION; LANDFILL LEACHATE TREATMENT; NEW-ZEALAND; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; POPULUS-DELTOIDES; HYBRID POPLAR; ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA C1 [Isebrands, J. G.] Environm Forestry Consultants LLC, New London, WI 54961 USA. [Aronsson, P.; Dimitriou, J.; Perttu, K.; Weih, M.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Carlson, M.] British Columbia Minist Forests, Kalamalka Res Stn, Vernon, BC V1B 2C7, Canada. [Ceulemans, R.] Univ Antwerp, Grp Plant & Vegetat Ecol, Dept Biol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Coleman, M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Dickinson, N.; Robinson, B.] Lincoln Univ, Dept Ecol, Canterbury 7647, New Zealand. [Doty, S.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gardiner, E.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwood Res, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Heinsoo, K.] Estonian Agr Univ, Inst Zool & Bot, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Johnson, J. D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Puyallup, WA USA. [Koo, Y. B.] Korindo Grp, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Kort, J.; Schroeder, W. R.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Agroforestry Dev Ctr, Indian Head, SK S0G 2K0, Canada. [Kuzovkina, J.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Plant Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Licht, L.] Ecolotree Inc, North Liberty, IA 52317 USA. [McCracken, A. R.] Agrifood & Biosci Inst, Belfast BT9 5PX, Antrim, North Ireland. [McIvor, I.] Plant & Food Res, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Mertens, P.] Direct Milieu Forestier, Dept Etud Milieu Nat & Agr, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. [Riddell-Black, D.] Lupus Sci, New York, NY USA. [Scarascia-Mugnozza, G.] Agr Res Council Italy, Dept Agron Forestry & Land Use, I-00186 Rome, Italy. [Stanturf, J.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Volk, T. A.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Ctr Sustainable & Renewable Energy, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Isebrands, JG (reprint author), Environm Forestry Consultants LLC, New London, WI 54961 USA. EM efcllc@athenet.net; par.aronsson@slu.se; michael.carlson@gov.bc.ca; rein-hart.ceulemans@ua.ac.be; mcoleman@uidaho.edu; nicholas.dickinson@lincoln.ac.nz; ioannis.dimitriou@slu.se; sldoty@u.washington.edu; egardiner@fs.fed.us; katrin.heinsoo@emu.ee; ybkoo@foa.go.kr; kortj@agr.gc.ca; jkuzovkina@uconn.edu; lou-licht@ecolotree.com; alistair.mccracken@afbini.gov.uk; ian.mcivor@plantandfood.ac.nz; patrick.mertens@spw.wallonie.be; kurt.perttu@vpe.slu.se; drusilla@lupus-science.co.uk; brett.robinson@lincoln.ac.nz; giuseppe.scarascia@entecra.it; schroederb@agr.gc.ca; drdirt48@gmail.com; tavolk@esf.edu; martin.weih@slu.se RI Heinsoo, Katrin/G-5216-2016; Weih, Martin/H-5093-2011 OI Heinsoo, Katrin/0000-0003-0088-729X; Weih, Martin/0000-0003-3823-9183 NR 362 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-108-9 PY 2014 BP 258 EP + D2 10.1079/9781780641089.0000 PG 95 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BB2MI UT WOS:000341911300006 ER PT J AU Ostry, M Ramstedt, M Newcombe, G Steenackers, M AF Ostry, M. Ramstedt, M. Newcombe, G. Steenackers, M. BE Isebrands, JG Richardson, J TI Diseases of Poplars and Willows SO POPLARS AND WILLOWS: TREES FOR SOCIETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MELAMPSORA-LARICI-POPULINA; CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; BRONZE LEAF DISEASE; SHORT-ROTATION FORESTRY; HYBRID POPLAR; 1ST REPORT; NORTH-AMERICA; XANTHOMONAS-POPULI; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SEPTORIA-MUSIVA C1 [Ostry, M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ramstedt, M.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Pathol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Newcombe, G.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Steenackers, M.] Res Inst Nat & Forest INBO, Geraardsbergen, Belgium. RP Ostry, M (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mostry@fs.fed.us; mauritz.ramstedt@slu.se; georgen@uidaho.edu; mari-jke.steenackers@inbo.be NR 107 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-108-9 PY 2014 BP 443 EP 458 D2 10.1079/9781780641089.0000 PG 16 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BB2MI UT WOS:000341911300008 ER PT J AU Stidham, M Olsen, C Toman, E Frederick, S McCaffrey, S Shindler, B AF Stidham, Melanie Olsen, Christine Toman, Eric Frederick, Stacey McCaffrey, Sarah Shindler, Bruce TI Longitudinal Social Science Research in Natural Resource Communities: Lessons and Considerations SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE lessons learned; longitudinal research; natural resource social science ID DISPLACEMENT; PANEL AB The majority of social science research is cross-sectional in nature, with data collected at a single point in time. However, social systems are dynamic and many of the variables of interest to social scientists may change over time. Longitudinal research methods enable data collection at two or more points in time among a population of interest to examine change in measured variables and influencing factors. Despite the opportunities it affords, longitudinal research is relatively uncommon in natural-resource-based social science research as compared to other fields (e.g., medical, criminal, education). We feel that the field of natural resource social science is ripe for a proliferation of longitudinal studies, now that a substantial body of cross-sectional data has been built. In the spirit of encouraging more of this type of research, we draw on our collective experiences in longitudinal studies to share lessons learned in research design, sampling, and data management. C1 [Stidham, Melanie; Toman, Eric] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Olsen, Christine; Frederick, Stacey; Shindler, Bruce] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McCaffrey, Sarah] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. RP Stidham, M (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 210 Kottman Hall,2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM stidham.39@osu.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 EI 1521-0723 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2014 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1104 EP 1108 DI 10.1080/08941920.2014.905895 PG 5 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA AP8GS UT WOS:000342317700007 ER PT J AU Long, JA AF Long, Julie A. BE Chenoweth, PJ Lorton, SP TI Applied Andrology in Chickens and Turkeys SO ANIMAL ANDROLOGY: THEORIES AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; IN-VITRO STORAGE; ROOSTERS GALLUS-DOMESTICUS; PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; POULTRY SEMEN EXTENDER; ABNORMAL YELLOW SEMEN; SPERM-EGG INTERACTION; SERINE ETHANOLAMINE PHOSPHODIESTER; COTURNIX-COTURNIX-JAPONICA; BROILER BREEDER MALES C1 ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Long, JA (reprint author), ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM julie.long@ars.usda.gov NR 235 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-316-8 PY 2014 BP 197 EP 225 D2 10.1079/9781780643168.0000 PG 29 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA BB2JC UT WOS:000341813700010 ER PT J AU Guillod, BP Orlowsky, B Miralles, D Teuling, AJ Blanken, PD Buchmann, N Ciais, P Ek, M Findell, KL Gentine, P Lintner, BR Scott, RL Van den Hurk, B Seneviratne, SI AF Guillod, B. P. Orlowsky, B. Miralles, D. Teuling, A. J. Blanken, P. D. Buchmann, N. Ciais, P. Ek, M. Findell, K. L. Gentine, P. Lintner, B. R. Scott, R. L. Van den Hurk, B. Seneviratne, S. I. TI Land-surface controls on afternoon precipitation diagnosed from observational data: uncertainties and confounding factors SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; BOUNDARY-LAYER INTERACTIONS; SOIL-MOISTURE FEEDBACKS; AMERICAN REGIONAL REANALYSIS; LOW-LEVEL PARAMETERS; DIURNAL TIME SCALES; ENERGY-BALANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CONTROLS; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; HEAT FLUXES AB The feedback between soil moisture and precipitation has long been a topic of interest due to its potential for improving weather and seasonal forecasts. The generally proposed mechanism assumes a control of soil moisture on precipitation via the partitioning of the surface turbulent heat fluxes, as assessed via the evaporative fraction (EF), i. e., the ratio of latent heat to the sum of latent and sensible heat, in particular under convective conditions. Our study investigates the poorly understood link between EF and precipitation by relating the before-noon EF to the frequency of afternoon precipitation over the contiguous US, through statistical analyses of multiple EF and precipitation data sets. We analyze remote-sensing data products (Global Land Evaporation: the Amsterdam Methodology (GLEAM) for EF, and radar precipitation from the NEXt generation weather RADar system (NEXRAD)), FLUXNET station data, and the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR). Data sets agree on a region of positive relationship between EF and precipitation occurrence in the southwestern US. However, a region of strong positive relationship over the eastern US in NARR cannot be confirmed with observation-derived estimates (GLEAM, NEXRAD and FLUXNET). The GLEAM-NEXRAD data set combination indicates a region of positive EF-precipitation relationship in the central US. These disagreements emphasize large uncertainties in the EF data. Further analyses highlight that much of these EF-precipitation relationships could be explained by precipitation persistence alone, and it is unclear whether EF has an additional role in triggering afternoon precipitation. This also highlights the difficulties in isolating a land impact on precipitation. Regional analyses point to contrasting mechanisms over different regions. Over the eastern US, our analyses suggest that the EF-precipitation relationship in NARR is either atmospherically controlled (from precipitation persistence and potential evaporation) or driven by vegetation interception rather than soil moisture. Although this aligns well with the high forest cover and the wet regime of that region, the role of interception evaporation is likely overestimated because of low nighttime evaporation in NARR. Over the central and southwestern US, the EF-precipitation relationship is additionally linked to soil moisture variations, owing to the soil-moisture-limited climate regime. C1 [Guillod, B. P.; Orlowsky, B.; Seneviratne, S. I.] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. [Miralles, D.] Univ Ghent, Lab Hydrol & Water Management, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Miralles, D.] Univ Bristol, Sch Geog Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Teuling, A. J.] Wageningen Univ, Hydrol & Quantitat Water Management Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Blanken, P. D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Buchmann, N.] ETH, Inst Agr Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. [Ciais, P.] LSCE, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ek, M.] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Suitland, MD USA. [Findell, K. L.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Gentine, P.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Engn, New York, NY USA. [Lintner, B. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Scott, R. L.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Van den Hurk, B.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, KNMI, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands. RP Guillod, BP (reprint author), ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. EM benoit.guillod@env.ethz.ch; sonia.seneviratne@env.ethz.ch RI Miralles, Diego/K-8857-2013; Buchmann, Nina/E-6095-2011; Guillod, Benoit/K-3191-2015; Seneviratne, Sonia/G-8761-2011 OI Teuling, Adriaan/0000-0003-4302-2835; Miralles, Diego/0000-0001-6186-5751; Guillod, Benoit/0000-0003-1807-6997; Seneviratne, Sonia/0000-0001-9528-2917 FU Swiss State Secretariat for Education and Research SER under the framework of the COST Action [ES0804]; US Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program [DE-FG02-04ER63917, DE-FG02-04ER63911]; CFCAS; NSERC; BIOCAP; Environment Canada; NRCan; CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science Foundation; University of Tuscia; University Laval; US Department of Energy FX We thank Han Dolman, Beverly E. Law, Altaf Alan, Markus Reichstein, Heini Wernli, and Christopher M. Taylor for discussions. We are also grateful for comments from the two anonymous reviewers. The authors acknowledge the Swiss State Secretariat for Education and Research SER for funding under the framework of the COST Action ES0804. NARR data is provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. This work used eddy-covariance data acquired by the FLUXNET community and in particular by the following networks: AmeriFlux (US Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program - DE-FG02-04ER63917 and DE-FG02-04ER63911) and Fluxnet-Canada (supported by CFCAS, NSERC, BIOCAP, Environment Canada, and NRCan). We acknowledge the financial support of the eddy-covariance data harmonization provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, University Laval, Environment Canada, and US Department of Energy, and the database development and technical support from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of California - Berkeley, and the University of Virginia. NR 140 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 38 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 16 BP 8343 EP 8367 DI 10.5194/acp-14-8343-2014 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP3QK UT WOS:000341991600008 ER PT J AU Stockwell, CE Yokelson, RJ Kreidenweis, SM Robinson, AL DeMott, PJ Sullivan, RC Reardon, J Ryan, KC Griffith, DWT Stevens, L AF Stockwell, C. E. Yokelson, R. J. Kreidenweis, S. M. Robinson, A. L. DeMott, P. J. Sullivan, R. C. Reardon, J. Ryan, K. C. Griffith, D. W. T. Stevens, L. TI Trace gas emissions from combustion of peat, crop residue, domestic biofuels, grasses, and other fuels: configuration and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) component of the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-4) SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS; OPEN-PATH FTIR; COMPREHENSIVE LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; SULFUR-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; PARTICULATE MATTER; UNITED-STATES; PARTICLE EMISSIONS; CHLORINE EMISSIONS; REACTIVE CHLORINE; PRESCRIBED FIRES AB During the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-4, October-November 2012) a large variety of regionally and globally significant biomass fuels was burned at the US Forest Service Fire Sciences Laboratory in Missoula, Montana. The particle emissions were characterized by an extensive suite of instrumentation that measured aerosol chemistry, size distribution, optical properties, and cloud-nucleating properties. The trace gas measurements included high-resolution mass spectrometry, one-and two-dimensional gas chromatography, and open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) spectroscopy. This paper summarizes the overall experimental design for FLAME-4 -including the fuel properties, the nature of the burn simulations, and the instrumentation employed -and then focuses on the OP-FTIR results. The OP-FTIR was used to measure the initial emissions of 20 trace gases: CO2, CO, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C3H6, HCHO, HCOOH, CH3OH, CH3COOH, glycolaldehyde, furan, H2O, NO, NO2, HONO, NH3, HCN, HCl, and SO2. These species include most of the major trace gases emitted by biomass burning, and for several of these compounds, this is the first time their emissions are reported for important fuel types. The main fire types included African grasses, Asian rice straw, cooking fires (open (three-stone), rocket, and gasifier stoves), Indonesian and extratropical peat, temperate and boreal coniferous canopy fuels, US crop residue, shredded tires, and trash. Comparisons of the OP-FTIR emission factors (EFs) and emission ratios (ERs) to field measurements of biomass burning verify that the large body of FLAME-4 results can be used to enhance the understanding of global biomass burning and its representation in atmospheric chemistry models. Crop residue fires are widespread globally and account for the most burned area in the US, but their emissions were previously poorly characterized. Extensive results are presented for burning rice and wheat straw: two major global crop residues. Burning alfalfa produced the highest average NH3 EF observed in the study (6.63 +/- 2.47 g kg(-1)), while sugar cane fires produced the highest EF for glycolaldehyde (6.92 g kg(-1)) and other reactive oxygenated organic gases such as HCHO, HCOOH, and CH3COOH. Due to the high sulfur and nitrogen content of tires, they produced the highest average SO2 emissions (26.2 +/- 2.2 g kg(-1)) and high NOx and HONO emissions. High variability was observed for peat fire emissions, but they were consistently characterized by large EFs for NH3 (1.82 +/- 0.60 g kg(-1)) and CH4 (10.8 +/- 5.6 g kg(-1)). The variability observed in peat fire emissions, the fact that only one peat fire had previously been subject to detailed emissions characterization, and the abundant emissions from tropical peatlands all impart high value to our detailed measurements of the emissions from burning three Indonesian peat samples. This study also provides the first EFs for HONO and NO2 for Indonesian peat fires. Open cooking fire emissions of HONO and HCN are reported for the first time, and the first emissions data for HCN, NO, NO2, HONO, glycolaldehyde, furan, and SO2 are reported for "rocket" stoves: a common type of improved cookstove. The HCN/CO emission ratios for cooking fires (1.72x10(-3) x 4.08x10(-4)) and peat fires (1.45x10(-2) x 5.47x10(-3)) are well below and above the typical values for other types of biomass burning, respectively. This would affect the use of HCN/CO observations for source apportionment in some regions. Biomass burning EFs for HCl are rare and are reported for the first time for burning African savanna grasses. High emissions of HCl were also produced by burning many crop residues and two grasses from coastal ecosystems. HCl could be the main chlorine-containing gas in very fresh smoke, but rapid partitioning to aerosol followed by slower outgassing probably occurs. C1 [Stockwell, C. E.; Yokelson, R. J.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Kreidenweis, S. M.; DeMott, P. J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Robinson, A. L.; Sullivan, R. C.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Reardon, J.; Ryan, K. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Griffith, D. W. T.] Univ Wollongong, Dept Chem, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia. [Stevens, L.] North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa. RP Yokelson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bob.yokelson@umontana.edu RI Sullivan, Ryan/B-4674-2008; Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Robinson, Allen/M-3046-2014; Kreidenweis, Sonia/E-5993-2011 OI Sullivan, Ryan/0000-0003-0701-7158; Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889; Robinson, Allen/0000-0002-1819-083X; Kreidenweis, Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914 FU NSF [ATM-0936321, AGS-1256042]; NASA Earth Science Division Award [NNX12AH17G]; DOE ASR program [ER65296]; US Department of State-US Forest Service Partnership on Indonesia's Peatlands and Climate Change; Kalimantan Forest; Climate Partnership FX FLAME-4, C. E. Stockwell, and R. J. Yokelson were supported primarily by NSF grant ATM-0936321. S. M. Kreidenweis, P. J. DeMott, and FSL operational costs were supported by NASA Earth Science Division Award NNX12AH17G. A. L. Robinson's and R. C. Sullivan's operational costs were supported by NSF grant AGS-1256042 and the DOE ASR program (ER65296). Funding for collection of Indonesian peat samples was provided by the US Department of State-US Forest Service Partnership on Indonesia's Peatlands and Climate Change in collaboration with the Kalimantan Forest and Climate Partnership. We would like to thank SANParks Scientific Services, particularly Navashni Govender, for allowing us to collect samples at the long-term burn plots in KNP. We appreciate the efforts of Eric Miller, David Weise, Christine Wiedinmyer, Greg Askins, Ted Christian, Chao Wei Yu, Guenter Engling, Savitri Garivait, Christian L'Orange, Mike Hamilton, Elizabeth Stone, Emily Lincoln, Kary Peterson, Benjamin Legendre, and Brian Jenkins to harvest the fuels for this study. NR 145 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 10 U2 85 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 18 BP 9727 EP 9754 DI 10.5194/acp-14-9727-2014 PG 28 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP3QX UT WOS:000341993100017 ER PT J AU Corella, D Coltell, O Sorli, JV Estruch, R Fito, M Aros, F Ros, E Lapetra, J Saez, GT Ordovas, JM AF Corella, D. Coltell, O. Sorli, J. V. Estruch, R. Fito, M. Aros, F. Ros, E. Lapetra, J. Saez, G. T. Ordovas, J. M. TI A MICRO-RNA-410 REGULATED LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE POLYMORPHISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH TRIGLYCERIDES AND STROKE INCIDENCE SO CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Corella, D.; Coltell, O.; Sorli, J. V.; Estruch, R.; Fito, M.; Aros, F.; Ros, E.; Lapetra, J.; Saez, G. T.; Ordovas, J. M.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain. [Corella, D.; Sorli, J. V.] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia, Spain. [Coltell, O.] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Comp Languages & Syst, Castellon de La Plana, Spain. [Estruch, R.] Hosp Clin Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Dept Internal Med, Barcelona, Spain. [Fito, M.] Municipal Inst Med Res IMIM, Cardiovasc Epidemiol Unit, Barcelona, Spain. [Aros, F.] Hosp Txagorritxu, Dept Cardiol, Vitoria, Spain. [Ros, E.] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Inst Invest Biomed August Pi Sunyer IDIBAPS, Lipid Clin, Endocrinol & Nutr Serv, Barcelona, Spain. [Lapetra, J.] Primary Care Div Sevilla, Dept Family Med, Seville, Spain. [Saez, G. T.] Univ Valencia, HGUV, Clin Anal Serv CDB, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Valencia, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Nutr & Genom Lab,JM, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI IBIS, ATENCION PRIMARIA/I-3524-2016; Fito, Montserrat/C-1822-2012 OI Fito, Montserrat/0000-0002-1817-483X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0008-6312 EI 1421-9751 J9 CARDIOLOGY JI Cardiology PY 2014 VL 128 SU 1 MA 424 BP 440 EP 440 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AP2VI UT WOS:000341933400426 ER PT J AU Bair, EH Simenhois, R van Herwijnen, A Birkeland, K AF Bair, E. H. Simenhois, R. van Herwijnen, A. Birkeland, K. TI The influence of edge effects on crack propagation in snow stability tests SO CRYOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID SLAB AVALANCHES; SHEAR FRACTURE; MECHANISM; FAILURE; ENERGY; LAYERS; SIZE AB The Extended Column Test (ECT) and the Propagation Saw Test (PST) are two commonly used tests to assess the likelihood of crack propagation in a snowpack. Guidelines suggest beams with lengths of around 1 m, yet little is known about how test length affects propagation. Thus, we performed 163 ECTs and PSTs 1.0-10.0 m long. On days with full crack propagation in 1.0-1.5 m tests, we then made videos of tests 2.0-10.0 m long. We inserted markers for particle tracking to measure collapse amplitude, propagation speed, and wavelength. We also used a finite element (FE) model to simulate the strain energy release rate at fixed crack lengths. We find that (1) the proportion of tests with full propagation decreased with test length; (2) collapse was greater at the ends of the beams than in the centers; (3) collapse amplitude was independent of beam length and did not reach a constant value; (4) collapse wavelengths in the longer tests were around 3 m, two times greater than what is predicted by the anticrack model. We also confirmed the prediction that centered PSTs had double the critical length of edge PSTs. Based on our results, we conclude that cracks propagated more frequently in the shorter tests because of increased stress concentration from the far edge. The FE model suggests this edge effect occurs for PSTs of up to 2m long or a crack to beam length ratio >= 0.20. Our results suggest that ECT and PST length guidelines may need to be revisited. C1 [Bair, E. H.] US Army, Corps Engn Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Bair, E. H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Simenhois, R.] Southeast Alaska Avalanche Ctr, Juneau, AK USA. [van Herwijnen, A.] WSL Inst Snow & Avalanche Res SLF, Davos, Switzerland. [Birkeland, K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Avalanche Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA. RP Bair, EH (reprint author), US Army, Corps Engn Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM nbair@eri.ucsb.edu RI van Herwijnen, Alec/D-5768-2015 FU US Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering fellowship; NSF [EAR-1015057] FX We thank Joachim Heierli for help with application of the anticrack model. We thank Chris Borstad for his comments. We gratefully acknowledge Michela Adrian, Joe Magajna, and Sue Burak of the Eastern Sierra Avalanche Center for their help with field work. We thank Toby Weed and Drew Hardesty from the Utah Avalanche Center and Doug Chabot and Mark Staples from The Gallatin National Forest Avalanche Center for directing us to places with propagation. Lastly, we thank Howard Conway and Bill Glude for their reviews. The first author is supported by a US Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering fellowship administered by ORISE/ORAU. This work was also supported by NSF EAR-1015057. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1994-0416 EI 1994-0424 J9 CRYOSPHERE JI Cryosphere PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 1407 EP 1418 DI 10.5194/tc-8-1407-2014 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AO8RU UT WOS:000341622700020 ER PT J AU Coen, JL Riggan, PJ AF Coen, Janice L. Riggan, Philip J. TI Simulation and thermal imaging of the 2006 Esperanza Wildfire in southern California: application of a coupled weather-wildland fire model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE airborne remote sensing; coupled atmosphere-fire model; fire behaviour; horizontal roll vortices; Santa Ana winds ID SPREAD; FUEL; BEHAVIOR; PREDICTION; GRASSLANDS; MOUNTAINS; FLOW AB The 2006 Esperanza Fire in Riverside County, California, was simulated with the Coupled Atmosphere-Wildland Fire Environment (CAWFE) model to examine how dynamic interactions of the atmosphere with large-scale fire spread and energy release may affect observed patterns of fire behaviour as mapped using the FireMapper thermal-imaging radiometer. CAWFE simulated the meteorological flow in and near the fire, the fire's growth as influenced by gusty Santa Ana winds and interactions between the fire and weather through fire-induced winds during the first day of burning. The airflow was characterised by thermally stratified, two-layer flow channelled between the San Bernardino and San Jacinto mountain ranges with transient flow accelerations driving the fire in Cabazon Peak's lee. The simulation reproduced distinguishing features of the fire including its overall direction and width, rapid spread west-south-westward across canyons, spread up canyons crossing its southern flank, splitting into two heading regions and feathering of the fire line. The simulation correctly depicted the fire's location at the time of an early-morning incident involving firefighter fatalities. It also depicted periods of deep plume growth, but anomalously described downhill spread of the head of the fire under weak winds that was less rapid than observed. Although capturing the meteorological flow was essential to reproducing the fire's evolution, fuel factors including fuel load appeared to play a secondary role. C1 [Coen, Janice L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Riggan, Philip J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Coen, JL (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM janicec@ucar.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0324910, 0421498, 0835598]; Federal Emergency Management Agency [EMW-2011-FP-01124]; NSF FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grants 0324910, 0421498 and 0835598, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency under Award EMW-2011-FP-01124. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by NSF. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are the authors' and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF. We thank Charles Jones, Francis Fujioka, David Weise and Shyh-Chin Chen for their insights. We thank Jeff Zimmerman for photographs, and Lynn Wolden and Robert Tissell for producing images used in this paper. No endorsement by the USDA is implied. Trade names are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute endorsement by the USDA. Part of the manuscript was prepared by USA government employees on official time and is therefore not subject to copyright and is in the public domain. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 15 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 6 BP 755 EP 770 DI 10.1071/WF12194 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP3QL UT WOS:000341991700001 ER PT J AU Butry, DT Prestemon, JP Thomas, DS AF Butry, David T. Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Thomas, Douglas S. TI Investigation of the decline in reported smoking-caused wildfires in the USA from 2000 to 2011 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE economics; fire-safe cigarettes; fire standard compliant; prevention; wildfire investigation; wildland-urban interface ID MISSISSIPPI AB The number of smoking-caused wildfires has been falling nationwide. In national forests in 2011, smoking-caused wildfires represented only 10% of their 1980 level. No other cause of wildfire has experienced this level of decline. For 12 states, we evaluate the rate of smoking-caused wildfires and find it is a function of weather, other ignitions, the number of adult smokers, the presence of improved wildfire cause-determination methods, and whether a state required the sale of less fire-prone cigarettes. We find the decline in adult smoking rates has led to a reduction of smoking-caused fires by 9%. The finding that less fire-prone cigarettes appear successful at limiting wildfire starts - by 23% - is a likely unintended benefit of a technology aimed at reducing fire fatalities in residences. We also find that the improvements in wildfire cause determination have resulted in a reduction in smoking-classified fires by 48%. Although improved wildfire cause-determination methods do not necessarily reduce the number of wildfires, they ensure that the causes of wildfire are accurately tracked. Accurate wildfire cause determination can, however, result in targeting wildfire-prevention programs to specific fire-cause categories, which can lead to a reduction in the overall number of wildfires. C1 [Butry, David T.; Thomas, Douglas S.] NIST, Appl Econ Off, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] US Forest Serv, Forest Econ & Policy Res, Southern Res Stn, USDA,Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Butry, DT (reprint author), NIST, Appl Econ Off, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8603, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM david.butry@nist.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 6 BP 790 EP 798 DI 10.1071/WF13146 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP3QL UT WOS:000341991700004 ER PT J AU Kukavskaya, EA Ivanova, GA Conard, SG McRae, DJ Ivanov, VA AF Kukavskaya, Elena A. Ivanova, Galina A. Conard, Susan G. McRae, Douglas J. Ivanov, Valery A. TI Biomass dynamics of central Siberian Scots pine forests following surface fires of varying severity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE biomass accumulation; boreal forest; fire severity; fuels; Pinus sylvestris ID TREE MORTALITY; EMISSIONS; RECOVERY; CLIMATE; CARBON AB In 2000-2002 nine 4-ha prescribed fires of various severities were conducted on experimental plots in mature Scots pine forest in the central Siberian taiga, Russia. Total above-ground living biomass decreased after low- and moderate-severity fires by 10 and 15%, whereas high-severity fire reduced living above-ground biomass by 83%. We monitored changes in fuel structure and biomass for 6-8 years following these fires. By 6-8 years after burning the ground fuel loading had recovered to 101, 96 and 82% of pre-fire levels after fires of low-, moderate- and high-severity. Down woody fuel loading increased by 0.18 +/- 0.04kgm(-2)year(-1). We developed regressions relating time since fire to changes in above-ground biomass components for fires of different severity for feather moss-lichen Scots pine forest of Siberia. Our results demonstrate the importance of both burn severity and composition of pre-fire surface vegetation in determining rates and patterns of post-fire vegetation recovery on dry Scots pine sites in central Siberia. C1 [Kukavskaya, Elena A.; Ivanova, Galina A.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. [Conard, Susan G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [McRae, Douglas J.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Ivanov, Valery A.] Siberian State Technol Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia. RP Kukavskaya, EA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, 50-28 Akad Gorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. EM kukavskaya@ksc.krasn.ru RI Kukavskaya, Elena/I-8155-2014 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC) Science Program; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC) Science Program; the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service and the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch. The authors thank Dr Eugenia Krasnoshchekova and students of the Siberian State Technological University for their assistance in collecting fuel samples. The authors are also thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and useful suggestions. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 6 BP 872 EP 886 DI 10.1071/WF13043 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP3QL UT WOS:000341991700011 ER PT J AU Velez, LF Sanitato, M Barry, D Alilio, M Apfel, F Coe, G Garcia, A Kaufman, M Klein, J Kutlesic, V Meadowcroft, L Nilsen, W O'Sullivan, G Peterson, S Raiten, D Vorkoper, S AF Velez, Luis F. Sanitato, Mary Barry, Donna Alilio, Martin Apfel, Franklin Coe, Gloria Garcia, Amparo Kaufman, Michelle Klein, Jonathan Kutlesic, Vesna Meadowcroft, Lisa Nilsen, Wendy O'Sullivan, Gael Peterson, Stefan Raiten, Daniel Vorkoper, Susan TI The Role of Health Systems and Policy in Producing Behavior and Social Change to Enhance Child Survival and Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: An Examination of the Evidence SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SEVERELY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; REDUCES PERINATAL-MORTALITY; CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS; ESSENTIAL NEWBORN CARE; 1ST 5 YEARS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS AB Evidence-based behavior change interventions addressing health systems must be identified and disseminated to improve child health outcomes. Studies of the efficacy of such interventions were identified from systematic searches of the published literature. Two hundred twenty-nine of the initially identified references were judged to be relevant and were further reviewed for the quality and strength of the evidence. Studies were eligible if an intervention addressed policy or health systems interventions, measured relevant behavioral or health outcomes (e.g., nutrition, childhood immunization, malaria prevention and treatment), used at least a moderate quality research design, and were implemented in low- or middle-income countries. Policy or systems interventions able to produce behavior change reviewed included media (e.g., mass media, social media), community mobilization, educational programs (for caregivers, communities, or providers), social marketing, opinion leadership, economic incentives (for both caregiver and provider), health systems strengthening/policy/legislation, and others. Recommendations for policy, practice, and research are given based on fairly strong data across the areas of health service delivery, health workforce, health financing, governance and leadership, and research. C1 [Velez, Luis F.] DePelchin Childrens Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Sanitato, Mary] US Agcy Int Dev, Bur Global Hlth, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Barry, Donna] Ctr Amer Progress, Washington, DC USA. [Alilio, Martin; Coe, Gloria] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Apfel, Franklin] World Hlth Commun Associates, Axbridge, Somerset, England. [Garcia, Amparo] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Kaufman, Michelle] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Commun Programs, Baltimore, MD USA. [Klein, Jonathan] Amer Acad Pediat, Elk Grove Village, IL USA. [Kutlesic, Vesna; Raiten, Daniel; Vorkoper, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Meadowcroft, Lisa] AMREF, New York, NY USA. [Nilsen, Wendy] NIH, Off Behav & Social Sci Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [O'Sullivan, Gael] Abt Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. [Peterson, Stefan] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Sanitato, M (reprint author), US Agcy Int Dev, Bur Global Hlth, 1300 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM msanitato@usaid.gov NR 193 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 EI 1087-0415 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 SI SI BP 89 EP 121 DI 10.1080/10810730.2014.939313 PG 33 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA AP4QC UT WOS:000342062000006 PM 25207449 ER PT J AU Gibson, DM Donzelli, BGG Krasnoff, SB Keyhani, NO AF Gibson, Donna M. Donzelli, Bruno G. G. Krasnoff, Stuart B. Keyhani, Nemat O. TI Discovering the secondary metabolite potential encoded within entomopathogenic fungi SO NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS LA English DT Review ID NONRIBOSOMAL PEPTIDE SYNTHETASES; PATHOGEN METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; ANTIFUNGAL MICONAZOLE ACTIVITY; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA ATCC-7159; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; ADENYLATION DOMAINS; INSECT IMMUNITY; LEUKEMIA-CELLS; MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION; STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION AB This highlight discusses the secondary metabolite potential of the insect pathogens Metarhizium and Beauveria, including a bioinformatics analysis of secondary metabolite genes for which no products are yet identified. C1 [Gibson, Donna M.; Krasnoff, Stuart B.] USDA ARS, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Donzelli, Bruno G. G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Mol Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Keyhani, Nemat O.] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Gibson, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, 538 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Donna.Gibson@ars.usda.gov; bdd1@cornell.edu; Stuart.Krasnoff@ars.usda.gov; keyhani@ufl.edu NR 171 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 11 U2 50 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0265-0568 EI 1460-4752 J9 NAT PROD REP JI Nat. Prod. Rep. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1287 EP 1305 DI 10.1039/c4np00054d PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA AP6HV UT WOS:000342179200007 PM 25148015 ER PT J AU Gupta, C Prakash, D Rostagno, MH Callaway, TR AF Gupta, Charu Prakash, Dhan Rostagno, Marcos H. Callaway, Todd R. BE Prakash, D Sharma, G TI Synbiotics: Promoting Gastrointestinal Health SO PHYTOCHEMICALS OF NUTRACEUTICAL IMPORTANCE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; HUMAN COLONIC MICROBIOTA; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; GUT MICROBIOTA; DOUBLE-BLIND; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION; LACTOBACILLUS PREPARATION; BIFIDOBACTERIUM-BIFIDUM C1 [Gupta, Charu; Prakash, Dhan] Amity Univ, Amity Inst Herbal Res & Studies, Noida, India. [Rostagno, Marcos H.] ARS, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Callaway, Todd R.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Gupta, C (reprint author), Amity Univ, Amity Inst Herbal Res & Studies, Noida, India. EM charumicro@gmail.com; dprakash_in@yahoo.com NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-363-2 PY 2014 BP 61 EP 78 D2 10.1079/9781780643632.0000 PG 18 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BB2JB UT WOS:000341813300006 ER PT J AU Squires, CC See, DR Carter, AH AF Squires, C. C. See, D. R. Carter, A. H. TI Sources of seed coat colour variation in certification-candidate wheat seed SO SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPRING WHEAT; HARD WHITE; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; WINTER-WHEAT; KERNEL COLOR; GRAIN COLOR; CLASSIFICATION; INHERITANCE; CULTIVARS; SPECTRA AB Kernel colour is a key factor in determining grade and class of wheat and is dependent on the number of red R-1 homoeoalleles. In certified seed programmes, samples are inspected during the certification process for presence and number of seeds exhibiting off-type colouring. Exceeding limits for colour variants results in loss of certification. To determine if admixtures of genetically distinct varieties were the primary cause for colour variation in the Washington certified seed programme, normal and suspected off-type seeds from rejected seed lots were digitally photographed, grown and genotyped at the R-1 homoeoloci. Additional genetic marker analysis was completed to determine variety purity. Results implied three primary sources for seeds of off-type colour. The first and major source found was admixtures of genetically different varieties. The second source was true-to-type varieties that were heterogeneous and heterozygous at one or more R-1 homoeolocus, indicating active colour segregation. The last source of variation was attributed to unknown environmental interactions in genetically pure samples. These findings highlight the precaution and care needed in the breeding and seed production processes to limit admixtures, and also suggest that current certification tests and procedures are not completely accurate in determining variety purity. C1 [Squires, C. C.; Carter, A. H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [See, D. R.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Squires, CC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 201 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM caleb.squires@wsu.edu FU Washington State Crop Improvement Association; Washington State University; Washington's seed industry FX This work was supported by the Washington State Crop Improvement Association and Washington State University, with additional support from numerous entities in Washington's seed industry. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ISTA-INT SEED TESTING ASSOC PI BASSERSDORF PA ZUERICHSTR 50, PO BOX 308, CH-8303 BASSERSDORF, SWITZERLAND SN 0251-0952 EI 1819-5717 J9 SEED SCI TECHNOL JI Seed Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 42 IS 2 BP 247 EP 259 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AP4IJ UT WOS:000342040100013 ER PT J AU Shaul, ME Hallacoglu, B Sassaroli, A Shukitt-Hale, B Fantini, S Rosenberg, IH Troen, AM AF Shaul, Merav E. Hallacoglu, Bertan Sassaroli, Angelo Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Fantini, Sergio Rosenberg, Irwin H. Troen, Aron M. TI Cerebral Blood Volume and Vasodilation are Independently Diminished by Aging and Hypertension: A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study SO JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Aging; cerebral blood volume; hypertension; near infrared spectroscopy; vasodilation ID VASCULAR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; AGED RATS; DEMENTIA; BRAIN; FLOW; PRESSURE; MICROCIRCULATION; HEMATOCRIT AB Background: Senescent changes in brain microvascular circulation may cause or contribute to age-related cognitive decline. Such changes are promoted partly by aging, but also by chronic hypertension, a leading treatable cause of cognitive decline. Objectives: We aimed to non-invasively detect in vivo the senescent changes in brain microvascular circulation associated with age and hypertension, and inquired whether decrements driven by aging would be exacerbated by chronic hypertension. Methods: In this longitudinal study, absolute near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to quantify in vivo cerebral blood volume (CBV) and assess the hemodynamic response to a hypercapnic respiratory challenge in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneous-hypertensive (SHR) rats. The impact of age and hypertension were evaluated by repeating these measurements on the same animals at 4- and 16-months of age. Results: CBV decreased markedly with age in both strains, from 4.5 +/- 0.2 to 2.6 +/- 0.1 ml/100g tissue, on average. Chronic hypertension, however, did not significantly exacerbate this age-related decrease in CBV (-48.1 +/- 3.7% in WKYs versus -53.3 +/- 5.4% in SHRs). In contrast, vasoreactivity was already impaired in the young hypertensive rats (Delta VMR 0.017 +/- 0.014 in young SHRs versus 0.042 +/- 0.005 in young WKYs) and further worsened by middle-age (Delta VMR 0.011 +/- 0.017 middle-aged SHRs). Conclusion: Whereas a decrease in brain blood volume correlated with age but not hypertension, vasodilatory capacity was diminished due to hypertension but did not appear affected by age alone. The ability of absolute NIRS to distinguish between such senescent changes in brain (micro) vascular circulation in life may allow early detection and intervention to preserve cerebrovascular health with age. C1 [Shaul, Merav E.; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara; Rosenberg, Irwin H.; Troen, Aron M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Neurosci & Aging Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hallacoglu, Bertan; Sassaroli, Angelo; Fantini, Sergio] Tufts Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Troen, Aron M.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Agr, Inst Biochem Food Sci & Nutr, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Shaul, ME (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Neurosci & Aging Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM merav.shaul@tufts.edu FU Unilever USA; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-9-001]; EU FP7 Marie Curie IRG grant (NUVASCOG); Israel Science Foundation [1353/11] FX This study was supported by a strategic research agreement between Unilever USA and the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts, and by U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement 58-1950-9-001. AMT is supported by an EU FP7 Marie Curie IRG grant (NUVASCOG) and by Israel Science Foundation Grant 1353/11. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-2877 EI 1875-8908 J9 J ALZHEIMERS DIS JI J. Alzheimers Dis. PY 2014 VL 42 SU 3 BP S189 EP S198 DI 10.3233/JAD-132504 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA AO8HT UT WOS:000341595800020 PM 24946871 ER PT J AU Bigsby, KM Ambrose, MJ Tobin, PC Sills, EO AF Bigsby, Kevin M. Ambrose, Mark J. Tobin, Patrick C. Sills, Erin O. TI The cost of gypsy moth sex in the city SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; Economic assessment; Lymantria dispar; Non-native forest pests; Residential impacts; Urban forestry ID LYMANTRIA-DISPAR L.; UNITED-STATES; ECONOMIC-IMPACTS; FOREST INSECTS; TREE COVER; LAND-COVER; INVASION; LEPIDOPTERA; SPREAD; PESTS AB Since its introduction in the 1860s, gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L), has periodically defoliated large swaths. of forest in the eastern United States. Prior research has suggested that the greatest costs and losses from these outbreaks accrue in residential areas, but these impacts have not been well quantified. We addressed this lacuna with a case study of Baltimore City. Using two urban tree inventories, we estimated potential costs and losses from a range of gypsy moth outbreak scenarios under different environmental and management conditions. We combined outbreak scenarios with urban forest data to model defoliation and mortality and based the costs and losses on the distribution of tree species in different size classes and land uses throughout Baltimore City. In each outbreak, we estimated the costs of public and private suppression, tree removal and replacement, and human medical treatment, as well as the losses associated with reduced pollution uptake, increased carbon emissions and foregone sequestration. Of the approximately 2.3 M trees in Baltimore City, a majority of the basal area was primary or secondary host for gypsy moth. Under the low outbreak scenario, with federal and state suppression efforts, total costs and losses were $5.540 M, much less than the $63.666 M estimated for the high outbreak scenario, in which the local public and private sectors were responsible for substantially greater tree removal and replacement costs. The framework that we created can be used to estimate the impacts of other non-native pests in urban environments. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Bigsby, Kevin M.; Sills, Erin O.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ambrose, Mark J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27709 USA. [Tobin, Patrick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Bigsby, KM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, 3120 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kmbigsby@ncsu.edu FU Nature Conservancy; U.S. Forest Service-State and Private Forestry [06-DG-11244225-337]; North Carolina State University [06-DG-11244225-337, 07-JV-11330146-134, 10-JV-11330146-064, 11-JV-11330146-090, 12-JV-11330146-063]; U.S. Forest Service-Southern Research Station [07-JV-11330146-134, 10-JV-11330146-064, 11-JV-11330146-090, 12-JV-11330146-063] FX We would like to thank D. Nowak, A. Cumming, T. Holmes, R. Riemann, A. Liebhold, A. Hill, and K. Gottschalk (USDA Forest Service) for their assistance and comments. We also thank Baltimore City Arborist Rebecca Feldberg for her contribution in developing rates of tree removal and replacement, and Bartlett Tree Experts for their help in estimating the cost of tree removal and stump grinding. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments and questions. This study was part of a distributed graduate seminar coordinated by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis and funded by The Nature Conservancy. This research was also supported in part by a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Forest Service-State and Private Forestry and North Carolina State University (06-DG-11244225-337) and by Research Joint Venture agreements between the U.S. Forest Service-Southern Research Station and North Carolina State University (07-JV-11330146-134, 10-JV-11330146-064, 11-JV-11330146-090, and 12-JV-11330146-063). NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1618-8667 J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE JI Urban For. Urban Green. PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 459 EP 468 DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2014.05.003 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies GA AO7TQ UT WOS:000341555900007 ER PT S AU Cleaves, D AF Cleaves, David BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Climate Change and United States Forests Foreword SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Cleaves, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP VII EP X D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 4 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600001 ER PT S AU Allen, HK Trachsel, J Looft, T Casey, TA AF Allen, Heather K. Trachsel, Julian Looft, Torey Casey, Thomas A. BE Bush, K TI Finding alternatives to antibiotics SO ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPEUTICS REVIEWS: INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF CURRENT AND EMERGING CONCERN SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE antibiotic alternatives; gut microbiota; phage therapy; predatory bacteria; bacteriocins; antibiotic prudency ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS; PHAGE THERAPY; BDELLOVIBRIO-BACTERIOVORUS; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; PREDATORY BACTERIA; FECAL MICROBIOTA; GUT MICROBIOME; ACID BACTERIA; RESISTANCE AB The spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens requires new treatments. As the rate of development of new antibiotics has severely declined, alternatives to antibiotics must be considered in both animal agriculture and human medicine. Products for disease prevention are different from those for disease treatment, and examples of both are discussed here. For example, modulating the gut microbial community, either through feed additives or fecal transplantation, could be a promising way to prevent certain diseases; for disease treatment, non-antibiotic approaches include phage therapy, phage lysins, bacteriocins, and predatory bacteria. Interestingly, several of these methods augment antibiotic efficacy by improving bacterial killing and decreasing antibiotic resistance selection. Because bacteria can ultimately evolve resistance to almost any therapeutic agent, it is important to continue to use both antibiotics and their alternatives judiciously. C1 [Allen, Heather K.; Trachsel, Julian; Looft, Torey; Casey, Thomas A.] ARS, USDA, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Allen, HK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM heather.allen@ars.usda.gov OI Trachsel, Julian/0000-0003-2357-7737 NR 95 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 33 U2 109 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2014 VL 1323 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1111/nyas.12468 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BB1PH UT WOS:000341250600008 PM 24953233 ER PT B AU Panter, KE Welch, KD Gardner, DR AF Panter, Kip E. Welch, Kevin D. Gardner, Dale R. BE Gupta, RC TI Poisonous plants: biomarkers for diagnosis SO BIOMARKERS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LARKSPUR DELPHINIUM-BARBEYI; CROOKED CALF DISEASE; LOCOWEED ASTRAGALUS-LENTIGINOSUS; PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID EXPOSURE; LUPINE LUPINUS-LEUCOPHYLLUS; PONDEROSA PINE; ISOCUPRESSIC ACID; RELATIVE TOXICITIES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TIMBER MILKVETCH C1 [Panter, Kip E.; Welch, Kevin D.; Gardner, Dale R.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Panter, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-404649-8; 978-0-12-404630-6 PY 2014 BP 563 EP 589 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404630-6.00033-6 PG 27 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB1MX UT WOS:000341214100034 ER PT B AU Arrouays, D McBratney, AB Minasny, B Hempel, JW Heuvelink, GBM MacMillan, RA Hartemink, AE Lagacherie, P McKenzie, NJ AF Arrouays, D. McBratney, A. B. Minasny, B. Hempel, J. W. Heuvelink, G. B. M. MacMillan, R. A. Hartemink, A. E. Lagacherie, P. McKenzie, N. J. BE Arrouays, D McKenzie, N Hempel, J DeForges, ACR McBratney, A TI The GlobalSoilMap project specifications SO GLOBALSOILMAP: BASIS OF THE GLOBAL SPATIAL SOIL INFORMATION SYSTEM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Conference on GlobalSoilMap CY OCT 07-09, 2013 CL Orleans, FRANCE SP Int Union Soil Sci, ISRIC World Soil Informat, INRA Sci & Impact, European Commiss, Reg Ctr, Minist Agr Agroalimentaire Foret, Minist Ecologie, Developpement Durable Energie, Agence Env Maitrise Energie, Loiret Conseil Gen, Orleans, Assoc Francaise Etude Sols ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; DEPTH FUNCTIONS AB The GlobalSoilMap project aims to produce a digital soil map of the world. The ultimate objective of the project is to build a free downloadable database of key soil properties at multiple depths, mostly using existing soil information and environmental covariates. Maps and data will be released both on: a 3 arc sec by 3 arc sec grid with point estimates; and with 3 arc sec by 3 arc sec block estimates. The spline function and similar methods are used to transform horizon data into continuous depth functions of soil properties. Soil properties are being harmonized according to standards. The soil properties will be delivered as predictions with uncertainty at specified depths. This is the first set of specifications for any digital soil mapping project. C1 [Arrouays, D.] INRA, InfoSol Unit, US 1106, Orleans 2, France. [McBratney, A. B.; Minasny, B.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Hempel, J. W.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Heuvelink, G. B. M.; MacMillan, R. A.] ISRIC World Soil Informat, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Hartemink, A. E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, FD Hole Soils Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lagacherie, P.] INRA IRD SupAgro, UMR LISAH, F-34060 Montpellier, France. [McKenzie, N. J.] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. RP Arrouays, D (reprint author), INRA, InfoSol Unit, US 1106, Orleans 2, France. RI Hartemink, Alfred/G-1149-2011; McKenzie, Neil/A-9921-2011; OI Hartemink, Alfred/0000-0002-5797-6798; McKenzie, Neil/0000-0003-3803-3492; Minasny, Budiman/0000-0002-1182-2371 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-315-77558-6; 978-1-138-00119-0 PY 2014 BP 9 EP 12 PG 4 WC Remote Sensing; Soil Science SC Remote Sensing; Agriculture GA BB1QM UT WOS:000341268700002 ER PT B AU Hempel, JW Libohova, Z Thompson, JA Odgers, NP Smith, CAS Lelyk, GW Geraldo, GEE AF Hempel, J. W. Libohova, Z. Thompson, J. A. Odgers, N. P. Smith, C. A. S. Lelyk, G. W. Geraldo, G. E. E. BE Arrouays, D McKenzie, N Hempel, J DeForges, ACR McBratney, A TI GlobalSoilMap North American Node progress SO GLOBALSOILMAP: BASIS OF THE GLOBAL SPATIAL SOIL INFORMATION SYSTEM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Conference on GlobalSoilMap CY OCT 07-09, 2013 CL Orleans, FRANCE SP Int Union Soil Sci, ISRIC World Soil Informat, INRA Sci & Impact, European Commiss, Reg Ctr, Minist Agr Agroalimentaire Foret, Minist Ecologie, Developpement Durable Energie, Agence Env Maitrise Energie, Loiret Conseil Gen, Orleans, Assoc Francaise Etude Sols ID DEPTH FUNCTIONS; SOIL; CARBON AB The North American Node of the GlobalSoilMap consortium is composed of three countries: Canada, Mexico and the United States. Each country has abundant legacy soil data that includes soil maps at a variety of scales, soil point data collected over many decades, environmental covariate information and a network of partners that have contributed to building the soil information over many years. Agencies representing these countries respectively are: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), InstitutoNacional de Estadistica y Geografia-National Institute of Statistic and Geography (INEGI) and the US Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). Other partners within each of these countries make up the North American Node Consortium and assist with data collection, data preparation and development of information to meet the GlobalSoilMap Standards and Specifications. The North American node has made good progress in developing information converting data from soil polygon maps into grid based soil property maps using a spatially weighted mean calculation. Soil property information can be derived fairly easily using the spatially weighted mean methodology and requires a small amount of resources. Functional soil property maps and data have been produced with existing legacy information (area class maps) and made available to the user community for application and feedback on the usability. In addition, uncertainty will be provided as a 90% prediction interval based on estimated upper and lower class limits. C1 [Hempel, J. W.; Libohova, Z.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Thompson, J. A.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Odgers, N. P.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Smith, C. A. S.; Lelyk, G. W.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Geraldo, G. E. E.] Inst Nacl Estadist & Geog, Aguascalientes, Mexico. RP Hempel, JW (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-315-77558-6; 978-1-138-00119-0 PY 2014 BP 41 EP 45 PG 5 WC Remote Sensing; Soil Science SC Remote Sensing; Agriculture GA BB1QM UT WOS:000341268700007 ER PT B AU Libohova, Z Wills, S Odgers, NP AF Libohova, Z. Wills, S. Odgers, N. P. BE Arrouays, D McKenzie, N Hempel, J DeForges, ACR McBratney, A TI Legacy data quality and uncertainty estimation for United States GlobalSoilMap products SO GLOBALSOILMAP: BASIS OF THE GLOBAL SPATIAL SOIL INFORMATION SYSTEM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Conference on GlobalSoilMap CY OCT 07-09, 2013 CL Orleans, FRANCE SP Int Union Soil Sci, ISRIC World Soil Informat, INRA Sci & Impact, European Commiss, Reg Ctr, Minist Agr Agroalimentaire Foret, Minist Ecologie, Developpement Durable Energie, Agence Env Maitrise Energie, Loiret Conseil Gen, Orleans, Assoc Francaise Etude Sols ID CONTINUOUS DEPTH FUNCTIONS; SOIL AB According to the GlobalSoilMap specifications (GlobalSoilMap Science Committee, 2013), digital soil property map products must meet at least three major standards must (i) be in raster format at a specified spatial resolution; (ii) properties should be for 6 standard depths generated from equal area spline and (iii) must have uncertainty associated with the predictions. The available legacy soil data exist at varying scales, formats, and degrees of completeness; have been collected over many decades using many different methods of observation and analysis; and are classified according to many different soil classification systems. There are many challenges in using legacy soil data to develop products which were unforeseen at the time of data collection. We identify some of the challenges facing the use of legacy soil data in the United States, and especially some that relate to the estimation of uncertainty for the GlobalSoilMap soil properties. We present some solutions for the use of legacy soil data for North American GlobalSoilMap products for uncertainty prediction estimates at least for initial products. C1 [Libohova, Z.; Wills, S.] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Odgers, N. P.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Libohova, Z (reprint author), USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-315-77558-6; 978-1-138-00119-0 PY 2014 BP 63 EP 68 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Soil Science SC Remote Sensing; Agriculture GA BB1QM UT WOS:000341268700011 ER PT B AU Ashtekar, JM Owens, PR Brown, RA Winzeler, HE Dorantes, M Libohova, Z Dasilva, M Castro, A AF Ashtekar, J. M. Owens, P. R. Brown, R. A. Winzeler, H. E. Dorantes, M. Libohova, Z. Dasilva, M. Castro, A. BE Arrouays, D McKenzie, N Hempel, J DeForges, ACR McBratney, A TI Digital mapping of soil properties and associated uncertainties in the Llanos Orientales, South America SO GLOBALSOILMAP: BASIS OF THE GLOBAL SPATIAL SOIL INFORMATION SYSTEM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Conference on GlobalSoilMap CY OCT 07-09, 2013 CL Orleans, FRANCE SP Int Union Soil Sci, ISRIC World Soil Informat, INRA Sci & Impact, European Commiss, Reg Ctr, Minist Agr Agroalimentaire Foret, Minist Ecologie, Developpement Durable Energie, Agence Env Maitrise Energie, Loiret Conseil Gen, Orleans, Assoc Francaise Etude Sols ID FUZZY-LOGIC; DEMS AB The Llanos Orientales is a vast tropical grassland encompassing approximately 570,000 km(2) of Colombia and Venezuela in northwestern South America. Increases in demands on this ecosystem is bringing greater pressure on the available natural resources, specifically soils, calling to attention a great need for improved soil maps, needed to better inform management decisions and direct infrastructure expansion. To address this, a Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) approach was taken to provide improved soil class and property maps, extending the entire Colombian Llanos region. With sparsely measured point data and limited road access, it was necessary to exploit a variety of DSM techniques to produce the improved soil maps highly desired for this area. A 90 m SRTM Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was obtained for the purpose of soil mapping for its availability and conformation to Global Soil Map requirements. For the production of soil class maps, a geomorphomectric approach was implemented using the Geomorphons add on in Grass GIS. Soils were first differentiated by Geomorphon landforms and then further stratified by parent material, derived from existing geological maps, resulting in 60 distinct soil types. Continuous property maps were generated using a Fuzzy Logic approach in ArcSIE where class threshold values were determined statistically from the distribution of Wetness Index (WI), Normalized Height, and Slope % within each geomorphon landform. Sand, silt and clay content, soil pH, and soil carbon were estimated and 90% confidence intervals mapped, corresponding to each property prediction. C1 [Ashtekar, J. M.; Owens, P. R.; Brown, R. A.; Winzeler, H. E.; Dorantes, M.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Libohova, Z.] USDA NRCS, Lincoln, NE USA. [Dasilva, M.] Univ Fed Lavras, Larvas, Brazil. [Castro, A.] Ctr Int Agr Trop, Palmira, Colombia. RP Ashtekar, JM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-315-77558-6; 978-1-138-00119-0 PY 2014 BP 367 EP 372 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Soil Science SC Remote Sensing; Agriculture GA BB1QM UT WOS:000341268700061 ER PT J AU Kiedrowicz, A Rector, B Denizhan, E Szydlo, W Skoracka, A AF Kiedrowicz, Agnieszka Rector, Brian Denizhan, Evsel Szydlo, Wiktoria Skoracka, Anna TI Infestation of grasses by eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) in Turkey SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acari; Eriophyoidea; prevalence; density; intensity of infestation; new host records ID WHEAT CURL MITE; ACERIA-TOSICHELLA KEIFER; TRITICUM MOSAIC-VIRUS; VAN LAKE BASIN; PROSTIGMATA ERIOPHYOIDEA; COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; DOMESTICATION; CHALLENGES; EVOLUTION AB Despite the economic importance of eriophyoid mites as agricultural pests, especially of cereal crops, knowledge of the eriophyoid fauna in Turkey remains incomplete. This article presents the results of a 3-year study on grass-infesting eriophyoid mites in Turkey. The aim of this study was to collect and identify eriophyoid species infesting wild and cultivated grasses and to estimate the degree of overall mite infestation on grasses. The study involved both qualitative samples (to record the presence or absence of mites) and quantitative samples (to investigate the parameters of mite infestation: viz. prevalence, intensity and density). Seven eriophyoid species - Aceria tosichella (Keifer, 1969), Abacarus hystrix (Nalepa, 1896), Abacarus lolii Skoracka, 2009, Aculodes holcusi Skoracka, 2004, Aculodes dubius (Nalepa, 1891), Abacarus longilobus Skoracka, 2002, Aculodes sp. nov. - were collected from grasses in the course of this study. Quantitative data were available for the first four of these species, and parameters of infestation differed greatly among the hosts. Aceria tosichella was the species infesting the largest number of grass species, and A. hystrix was the species with the highest values of prevalence and density on wheat. New host species for A. tosichella were reported, including Dactylis glomerata, Bromus sclerophyllus, Eremopyrum orientale, Lolium temulentum and Poa bulbosa, all for the first time in Turkey. C1 [Kiedrowicz, Agnieszka; Szydlo, Wiktoria; Skoracka, Anna] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Environm Biol, Dept Anim Taxon & Ecol, Poznan, Poland. [Rector, Brian] ARS, USDA, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV USA. [Denizhan, Evsel] Yuzuncu Yil Univ, Acarol Lab, Dept Plant Protect, Van, Turkey. RP Kiedrowicz, A (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Environm Biol, Dept Anim Taxon & Ecol, Poznan, Poland. EM kiedrowicz.agnieszka@gmail.com; brian.rector@ars.usda.gov; evsel_denizhan@hotmail.com; wiktoria.szydlo@amu.edu.pl; anna.skoracka@amu.edu.pl RI Skoracka, Anna/E-6002-2011; Kiedrowicz, Agnieszka/K-5181-2016; Szydlo, Wiktoria/L-4804-2016 OI Skoracka, Anna/0000-0002-9485-532X; Kiedrowicz, Agnieszka/0000-0002-2425-7885; Szydlo, Wiktoria/0000-0001-5990-5611 NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0164-7954 EI 1945-3892 J9 INT J ACAROL JI Int. J. Acarol. PY 2014 VL 40 IS 6 BP 421 EP 427 DI 10.1080/01647954.2014.941004 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AO5SS UT WOS:000341406200003 ER PT J AU Trigo, C Koskinen, WC Kookana, RS AF Trigo, Carmen Koskinen, William C. Kookana, Rai S. TI Sorption-desorption of indaziflam and its three metabolites in sandy soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Indaziflam; metabolite; sorption; desorption; unsaturated flow ID FIELD-MOIST SOILS; ATRAZINE AB Indaziflam is a relatively new herbicide for which sorption-desorption information is lacking, and nothing is available on its metabolites. Information is needed on the multiple soil and pesticide characteristics known to influence these processes. For four soils, the order of sorption was indaziflam (N-[1R, 2S)-2,3-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-6-[(1R)-1-fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) (sandy clay loam: K-f = 5.9, 1/n(f) = 0.7, K-foc = 447; sandy loam: K-f = 3.9, 1/n(f) = 0.9, K-foc = 276) > triazine indanone metabolite (N-[(1R, 2S)-2,3-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-1H-inden-1-yl]-6-[(1R)-1-fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) (sandy clay loam: K-f D 2.1, 1/n(f) = 0.8, K-foc = 177; sandy loam: K-f = 1.7, 1/n(f) = 0.9, K-foc = 118) > fluoroethyldiaminotriazine metabolite (6-[(1R-1-Fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) (sandy clay loam: K-f = 0.3, 1/n(f) = 0.9, K-foc = 28; sandy loam: K-f = 0.3, 1/n(f) = 0.9, K-foc = 22) = indaziflam carboxylic acid metabolite (2S, 3R)-3-[[4-amino-6-[(1R)-1-fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl] amino]2,3- dihydro-2-methyl-1H-indene-5-carboxylic acid) (sandy clay loam: K-f = 0.3, 1/n(f) = 0.9, K-foc = 22; sandy loam: K-f = 0.5, 1/n(f) = 0.8, K-foc = 32). The metabolites being more polar than the parent compound showed lower sorption. Desorption was hysteretic for indaziflam and triazine indanone metabolite, but not for the other two metabolites. Unsaturated transient flow Kd's were lower than batch Kd's for indaziflam, but similar for fluoroethyldiaminotriazine metabolite. Batch Kd's would overpredict potential offsite transport if desorption hysteresis is not taken into account. C1 [Trigo, Carmen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Koskinen, William C.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kookana, Rai S.] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia. RP Koskinen, WC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,Rm 439, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM koskinen@umn.edu RI Kookana, Rai/A-5170-2012 OI Kookana, Rai/0000-0002-0477-3284 FU MEC/FECYT FX Dr. Carmen Trigo thanks MEC/FECYT for her postdoctoral fellowship. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 EI 1532-4109 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2014 VL 49 IS 11 BP 836 EP 843 DI 10.1080/03601234.2014.938553 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO5SW UT WOS:000341406600005 PM 25190558 ER PT B AU Sapers, GM Doyle, MP AF Sapers, Gerald M. Doyle, Michael P. BE Matthews, KR Sapers, GM Gerba, CP TI Scope of the Produce Contamination Problem SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS, 2ND EDITION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; FOODBORNE DISEASE OUTBREAKS; MICROBIAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; FRESH PRODUCE; IRRIGATION WATER; SALMONELLA-MONTEVIDEO; UNITED-STATES; SANITIZER TREATMENTS C1 [Sapers, Gerald M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Doyle, Michael P.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA USA. NR 103 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-404686-3; 978-0-12-404611-5 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2014 BP 3 EP 20 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404611-5.00001-4 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB1KM UT WOS:000341162000002 ER PT B AU Millner, PD AF Millner, Patricia D. BE Matthews, KR Sapers, GM Gerba, CP TI Manure Management SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS, 2ND EDITION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; THERMOPHILIC ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC DAIRY FARMS; WASTE TREATMENT; BOVINE MANURE; SWINE MANURE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; TREATMENT SYSTEM C1 USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Millner, PD (reprint author), USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 94 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-404686-3; 978-0-12-404611-5 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2014 BP 85 EP 106 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404611-5.00004-X PG 22 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB1KM UT WOS:000341162000005 ER PT B AU Brooks, JP Gerba, C AF Brooks, John P. Gerba, Charles BE Matthews, KR Sapers, GM Gerba, CP TI Bioaerosol Contamination of Produce: Potential Issues from an Unexplored Contaminant Route SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS, 2ND EDITION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MICROBIAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; CLASS-B BIOSOLIDS; LAND-APPLIED BIOSOLIDS; WASTE-WATER; UNITED-STATES; FRESH PRODUCE; SPRAY IRRIGATION; PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK C1 [Brooks, John P.] ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Unit, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gerba, Charles] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Brooks, JP (reprint author), ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Unit, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-404686-3; 978-0-12-404611-5 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2014 BP 107 EP 121 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404611-5.00005-1 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB1KM UT WOS:000341162000006 ER PT B AU Clark, L AF Clark, Larry BE Matthews, KR Sapers, GM Gerba, CP TI Disease Risks Posed by Wild Birds Associated with Agricultural Landscapes SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS, 2ND EDITION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; GEESE BRANTA-CANADENSIS; FREE-LIVING BIRDS; HUMAN-ASSOCIATED MICROSPORIDIA; PIGEONS COLUMBA-LIVIA; GULL LARUS-ARGENTATUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HISTOPLASMA-CAPSULATUM; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; CANADA GEESE C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Clark, L (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 193 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-404686-3; 978-0-12-404611-5 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2014 BP 139 EP 165 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404611-5.00007-5 PG 27 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB1KM UT WOS:000341162000008 ER PT B AU Sapers, GM AF Sapers, Gerald M. BE Matthews, KR Sapers, GM Gerba, CP TI Disinfection of Contaminated Produce with Conventional Washing and Sanitizing Technology SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS, 2ND EDITION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ACIDIC ELECTROLYZED WATER; FRESH-CUT CANTALOUPE; AQUEOUS CHLORINE DIOXIDE; SODIUM DODECYL-SULFATE; GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLES; REDUCING MICROBIAL-CONTAMINATION; KILLING LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; MINIMALLY-PROCESSED VEGETABLES; OXYCHLORO-BASED SANITIZER C1 [Sapers, Gerald M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. NR 280 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-404686-3; 978-0-12-404611-5 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2014 BP 389 EP 431 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404611-5.00017-8 PG 43 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB1KM UT WOS:000341162000018 ER PT B AU Niemira, BA Zhang, HQ AF Niemira, Brendan A. Zhang, Howard Q. BE Matthews, KR Sapers, GM Gerba, CP TI Advanced Technologies for Detection and Elimination of Bacterial Pathogens SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS, 2ND EDITION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; GLOW-DISCHARGE PLASMA; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; FRESH PRODUCE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE; LIGHT INACTIVATION; SALMONELLA SPP.; ALFALFA SEEDS C1 [Niemira, Brendan A.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Zhang, Howard Q.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Niemira, BA (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-404686-3; 978-0-12-404611-5 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2014 BP 433 EP 450 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404611-5.00018-X PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB1KM UT WOS:000341162000019 ER PT J AU Sargus-Patino, CN Wright, EC Plautz, SA Miles, JR Vallet, JL Pannier, AK AF Sargus-Patino, Catherine N. Wright, Elane C. Plautz, Sarah A. Miles, Jeremy R. Vallet, Jeff L. Pannier, Angela K. TI In vitro development of preimplantation porcine embryos using alginate hydrogels as a three-dimensional extracellular matrix SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE elongation; pig; steroidogenesis ID ACUTE REGULATORY PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; BOVINE EMBRYOS; POSTHATCHING DEVELOPMENT; FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT; UTERINE CAPACITY; SODIUM ALGINATE; OVULATION RATE; ELONGATION; CONCEPTUS AB Between Days 10 and 12 of gestation, porcine embryos undergo a dramatic morphological change, known as elongation, with a corresponding increase in oestrogen production that triggers maternal recognition of pregnancy. Elongation deficiencies contribute to embryonic loss, but exact mechanisms of elongation are poorly understood due to the lack of an effective in vitro culture system. Our objective was to use alginate hydrogels as three-dimensional scaffolds that can mechanically support the in vitro development of preimplantation porcine embryos. White cross-bred gilts were bred at oestrus (Day 0) to Duroc boars and embryos were recovered on Days 9, 10 or 11 of gestation. Spherical embryos were randomly assigned to be encapsulated within double-layered 0.7% alginate beads or remain as non-encapsulated controls (ENC and CONT treatment groups, respectively) and were cultured for 96h. Every 24h, half the medium was replaced with fresh medium and an image of each embryo was recorded. At the termination of culture, embryo images were used to assess morphological changes and cell survival. 17-Oestradiol levels were measured in the removed media by radioimmunoassay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyse steroidogenic transcript expression at 96h in ENC and CONT embryos, as well as in vivo-developed control embryos (i.e. spherical, ovoid and tubular). Although no differences in cell survival were observed, 32% (P<0.001) of the surviving ENC embryos underwent morphological changes characterised by tubal formation with subsequent flattening, whereas none of the CONT embryos exhibited morphological changes. Expression of steroidogenic transcripts STAR, CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 was greater (P<0.07) in ENC embryos with morphological changes (ENC+) compared with CONT embryos and ENC embryos with no morphological changes (ENC-), and was more similar to expression of later-stage in vivo-developed controls. Furthermore, a time-dependent increase (P<0.001) in 17-oestradiol was observed in culture media from ENC+ compared with ENC- and CONT embryos. These results illustrate that preimplantation pig embryos encapsulated in alginate hydrogels can undergo morphological changes with increased expression of steroidogenic transcripts and oestrogen production, consistent with in vivo-developed embryos. This alginate culture system can serve as a tool for evaluating specific mechanisms of embryo elongation that could be targeted to improve pregnancy outcomes. C1 [Sargus-Patino, Catherine N.; Plautz, Sarah A.; Pannier, Angela K.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wright, Elane C.; Miles, Jeremy R.; Vallet, Jeff L.] ARS, USDA, USMARC, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Pannier, Angela K.] Ctr Nanohybrid Funct Mat, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Miles, JR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USMARC, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM jeremy.miles@ars.usda.gov; apannier2@unl.edu FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System Project [5438-31000-084-00D]; American Heart Association; Nebraska Research Initiative; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service-Nebraska [NEB-21-146]; Nebraska-Institutional Development Award Program Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence program (National Institutes of Health) [P20 RR016469] FX The authors thank Susan Hassler, Dave Sypherd, and Shanda Watts for technical assistance in collecting embryos, the USMARC swine crew for animal husbandry, the USMARC abattoir crew for assistance with killing the pigs and Drs. Jennifer Wood and Andrea Cupp for critical review of the manuscript. This work was supported by USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System Project No. 5438-31000-084-00D and partially supported by the American Heart Association, the Nebraska Research Initiative, USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service-Nebraska (NEB-21-146), and the Nebraska-Institutional Development Award Program Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence program (National Institutes of Health P20 RR016469). NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2014 VL 26 IS 7 BP 943 EP 953 DI 10.1071/RD13008 PG 11 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA AO7AP UT WOS:000341504600003 PM 23916395 ER PT J AU Retta, A Wagner, LE Tatarko, J AF Retta, A. Wagner, L. E. Tatarko, J. TI MILITARY VEHICLE TRAFFICKING IMPACTS ON VEGETATION AND SOIL BULK DENSITY AT FORT BENNING, GEORGIA SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Cover; WEPS; Wind erosion ID BATTLE TANK DISTURBANCE; PREDICTION SYSTEM WEPS; WIND EROSION; CROP RESIDUE; PRAIRIE; RECOVERY; QUALITY; COVER AB Potential increases in wind erosion that might be brought about by military vehicles traveling off-road during training are of concern to the U.S. military because wind erosion and vehicle dust emissions contribute to land and air quality degradation and can cause adverse effects on respiratory health. Field studies were conducted in the summer of 2012 at Fort Benning, Georgia, to assess the effects of military vehicle trafficking intensity on susceptibility to dust emissions. Quantitative data on soil and vegetation parameters are needed to make appropriate estimates of the susceptibility to dust generation from the soil surface and the magnitude of those emissions. The experiment consisted of making multiple trafficking passes with both tracked and wheeled vehicles and then measuring wind erosion parameters. A tracked (M1A1) and wheeled (HMMWV) vehicle were driven in a figure-8 pattern within replicated 40 m x 80 m plots. On each plot, three levels of vehicle passes were made. On the tracked plots, the M1A1 was driven a cumulative total of 1, 5, and 10 passes. On the wheeled plots, the HMMWV was driven a cumulative total of 10, 25, and 50 passes. The vehicles were driven repeatedly over the same figure-8 path. Bulk density, aboveground biomass, and vegetative cover data were taken from the straight, curved, and cross-over sections of the vehicle tracks. Samples were also taken before the start of trafficking. Bulk density at three depths, total aboveground biomass, grass biomass, forb biomass, biomass by individual species, total cover, grass cover, and forb cover data were analyzed for differences between vehicles, vehicles passes, locations within the track sections, and their interactions. At the 5 cm depth, bulk density was significantly higher (p <= 0.05) than the control in both the M1A1 and HMMWV tracks. There was no significant evidence of soil compaction below 5 cm. At the end of all trafficking, grass and forb species biomass was reduced 65% to 100%. Vegetation cover showed strong response to vehicle type, trafficking intensity, location (within the vehicle tracks), and their interactions. Regression equations relating trafficking intensity by vehicle to reduction in cover and biomass were obtained. C1 [Retta, A.; Wagner, L. E.; Tatarko, J.] ARS, USDA, EWERU, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wagner, LE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EWERU, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM larry.wagner@ars.usda.gov FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) FX Funding for this project was provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). We thank Shannon Danley for help coordinating field operations and for taking the time to identify the vegetation species; the army personnel who drove the vehicles; T. C. Todd of Kansas State University for help with the statistical analysis; and student employees Michelle Busch, Neil Baker, and Chris Shultz for help with sampling and processing of the data. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 4 BP 1043 EP 1055 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AO4IT UT WOS:000341301400006 ER PT J AU Al-Madhhachi, AT Fox, GA Hanson, GJ AF Al-Madhhachi, A. T. Fox, G. A. Hanson, G. J. TI QUANTIFYING THE ERODIBILITY OF STREAMBANKS AND HILLSLOPES DUE TO SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE FORCES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Cohesive streambanks; Detachment rate model; Jet erosion test; Seepage; Soil erosion ID GROUND-WATER SEEPAGE; DETACHMENT MODEL; SOIL ERODIBILITY; EROSION; SEDIMENT; JET; STABILITY; FAILURE AB The erosion rate of cohesive soils due to fluvial forces is usually computed using an excess shear stress model. However, no mechanistic approaches are available for incorporating additional forces, such as seepage, into the excess shear stress model parameters. Recent research incorporated subsurface (seepage) forces into a mechanistic detachment rate model for streambeds. The new detachment model, the Modified Wilson model, was based on two modified dimensional parameters (b(0) and b(1)) that included seepage forces. The objective of this study was to modify the parameters (b(0) and b(1)) to quantify the influence of seepage on erodibility of cohesive streambanks and to compare the results to those obtained from tests on horizontal beds. A new miniature version of a submerged jet erosion test device ("mini" JET) and a seepage column were utilized to derive the parameters of the Modified Wilson model for a silty sand soil and a clayey sand soil across a range of uniform seepage gradients. The experimental setup was intended to mimic a streambed and a streambank when the "mini" JET and seepage column were placed in vertical and horizontal orientations, respectively. The soils were packed in a standard mold at a uniform bulk density (1.5 to 1.6 Mg m(-3)) near the optimum water content. Seepage forces influenced the observed erosion with a non-uniform influence on b(0) and b(1) as functions of the hydraulic gradient and density. Expected theoretical differences between Wilson model parameters for streambanks and streambeds were not consistently observed for these erodible soils, most likely due to variability in streambed and streambank samples in terms of soil preparation, packing, and seepage gradient establishment. The influence of seepage forces can be predicted by the Modified Wilson model parameters in both vertical and horizontal experimental setups using JETs on soils without seepage. Additional research is needed on the behavior of several mechanistic soil parameters under the influence of seepage. C1 [Al-Madhhachi, A. T.] Al Mustansiriya Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Coll Engn, Baghdad, Iraq. [Fox, G. A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Fox, G. A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Water Resources Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hanson, G. J.] ARS, USDA, Hydraul Lab, Stillwater, OK USA. RP Fox, GA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, 120 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM garey.fox@okstate.edu FU National Science Foundation [0943491]; Buchanan Family Trust as part of the Buchanan Endowed Chair at Oklahoma State University FX This research is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0943491. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors also acknowledge funding support provided by the Buchanan Family Trust as part of the Buchanan Endowed Chair at Oklahoma State University. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 4 BP 1057 EP 1069 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AO4IT UT WOS:000341301400007 ER PT J AU Yu, M Igathinathane, C Hendrickson, J Sanderson, M AF Yu, M. Igathinathane, C. Hendrickson, J. Sanderson, M. TI MOISTURE SORPTION KINETICS OF SWITCHGRASS, BIG BLUESTEM, AND BROMEGRASS BIOMASS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Grasses; Mathematical models; Moisture relation; Renewable energy; Storage ID MODELING WATER-ABSORPTION; CORN STOVER COMPONENTS; HYDRATION KINETICS; PELEG MODEL; SOAKING; CHICKPEA; EQUATION; STORAGE; STRAW; GRASS AB Moisture content of biomass is the most influential factor in biomass storage. Moisture sorption kinetics control the dynamic moisture condition of the biomass, thus affecting biomass storage, processing operations, and final utilization applications. Moisture sorption characteristics of switchgrass, big bluestem, and bromegrass, potential biomass feedstocks for the Northern Great Plains of the U.S., were studied. Study objectives were to determine the moisture sorption kinetics, mathematically model the sorption process using standard models, and evaluate the effect of temperature on moisture sorption. Moisture sorption experiments were conducted at temperatures of 20 degrees C, 40 degrees C, and 60 degrees C and a fixed high relative humidity of 95% using a controlled-environment chamber. Standard moisture sorption kinetics models (exponential, Page, and Peleg) were used to analyze the experimental sorption characteristics of the feedstocks. Bromegrass had the highest moisture sorption rates and final moisture contents, followed by big bluestem and switchgrass. On average, at 20 degrees C, 50% of moisture sorption completion occurred at 1.5, 1.9, and 1.7 h and 90% completion occurred at about 8.5, 13.4, and 12.8 h for switchgrass, big bluestem, and bromegrass, respectively. For the temperatures studied, on average 41% +/- 3%, 40% +/- 5%, and 39% +/- 1% of moisture sorption completion occurred in 1 h and 82% +/- 2%, 76% +/- 4%, and 73% +/- 1% completion occurred in 5 h for switchgrass, big bluestem, and bromegrass, respectively. Moisture sorption rates decreased very sharply during the first hour (>= 78%) from their initial values and quickly plateaued thereafter. Increase in temperature increased the moisture sorption rates for all the biomass types tested. Both the Page and Peleg models effectively described the observed sorption characteristics for the selected biomass types (R-2 >= 0.96). The Arrhenius equation adequately described the temperature dependence of the model parameters (0.77 <= R-2 <= 1.00). Based on this study, the Peleg model in combination with the Arrhenius equation is recommended for moisture sorption predictions. Fitted moisture sorption kinetics models, developed nomograms, and combined prediction equations (R-2 >= 0.83) form baseline data essential for storage of the selected biomass types and various handling, conditioning, and processing operations. C1 [Yu, M.; Igathinathane, C.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Hendrickson, J.; Sanderson, M.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND USA. RP Igathinathane, C (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 1221 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Igathinathane.Cannayen@ndsu.edu OI Cannayen, Igathinathane/0000-0001-8884-7959 FU Renewable Energy Program of the North Dakota Industrial Commission, Bismarck, North Dakota [FAR0016577]; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX The Renewable Energy Program (Grant No. FAR0016577, 2010) of the North Dakota Industrial Commission, Bismarck, North Dakota, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service provided funding for this research, and this support is highly appreciated. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 4 BP 1219 EP 1230 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AO4IT UT WOS:000341301400022 ER PT J AU Yu, M Igathinathane, C Hendrickson, J Sanderson, M Liebig, M AF Yu, M. Igathinathane, C. Hendrickson, J. Sanderson, M. Liebig, M. TI MECHANICAL SHEAR AND TENSILE PROPERTIES OF SELECTED BIOMASS STEMS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Big bluestem; Corn; Intermediate wheatgrass; Shear energy; Shear stress; Switchgrass; Tensile energy; Tensile stress ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; BIG BLUESTEM; WHEAT-STRAW; STALK; GRASSES AB Perennial grasses and corn stalks can supply abundant lignocellulosic feedstock in the northern Great Plains of the U.S. There is a need to understand the mechanical properties of these crops for better handling and processing of biomass feedstocks in bioprocessing industries. The objectives of this research included determination of tensile and shear stresses of big bluestem, corn stalk, intermediate wheatgrass, and switchgrass stems and measurement of specific tensile and shear energies during tensile and shear failure. A high-capacity MTI-100K universal testing machine equipped with adapted tensile clamps and a specially designed and fabricated double-shear device were used for tensile and shear testing. Ultimate shear stresses were not statistically different for big bluestem, corn stalk, and intermediate wheatgrass, with values of 7.33, 8.53 and 6.23 MPa, respectively, which were less than switchgrass at 13.39 MPa (p < 0.05). Corn stalk had the greatest ultimate tensile stress of 69.30 MPa, followed by switchgrass, big bluestem, and intermediate wheatgrass. The ultimate tensile stress and shear stress were statistically different (p < 0.05) from each other for all four feedstocks. Both ultimate shear energy and specific shear energy for corn stalk were statistically different (p < 0.05) from big bluestem, intermediate wheatgrass, and switchgrass. The evaluated shear to tensile stress ratios, expressed as percentages, were 29.3%, 12.3%, 30.5%, and 31.9%, whereas the shear to tensile energy ratios were greater, with values of 42.2%, 67.2%, 61.2%, 50.4% for big bluestem, corn stalk, intermediate wheatgrass, and switchgrass, respectively. Based on these results, shear-dominant size-reduction devices (e. g., knife mills and chippers) should be more energy efficient, and this energy efficiency should be taken advantage of when designing size-reduction devices. Further research efforts are necessary to determine the effect of moisture, crop variety, and maturity stage, as these factors are known to affect the mechanical characteristics of biomass feedstocks. C1 [Yu, M.; Igathinathane, C.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Hendrickson, J.; Sanderson, M.; Liebig, M.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND USA. RP Igathinathane, C (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, 1221 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Igathinathane.Cannayen@ndsu.edu OI Cannayen, Igathinathane/0000-0001-8884-7959 FU Renewable Energy Program of the North Dakota Industrial Commission, Bismarck, North Dakota [FAR 0016577]; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX The Renewable Energy Program (Grant No. FAR 0016577, 2010) of the North Dakota Industrial Commission, Bismarck, North Dakota, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service provided funding for this research, and this support is highly appreciated. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2014 VL 57 IS 4 BP 1231 EP 1242 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AO4IT UT WOS:000341301400023 ER PT J AU Timm, AE Brown, JW AF Timm, Alicia E. Brown, John W. TI A new genus of Grapholitini from Africa related to Thaumatotibia (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Democratic Republic of Congo; Ethiopia; Kenya; male secondary scales; morphology; new species; Seychelles; taxonomy AB Thaumatovalva gen. n. is described and illustrated from the Afrotropical region. As currently defined the genus includes four species: T. deprinsorum sp. n. from the Democratic Republic of Congo; T. albolineana sp. n. (type species) from the Democratic Republic of Congo; T. spinai (Razowski & Trematerra), comb. n., from Ethiopia and Nigeria; and T. limbata (Diakonoff), comb. n., from the Seychelles and Kenya. Thaumatovalva limbata has been reared from the fruit of Cordia somaliensis Baker and C. monoica Roxb. (Boraginaceae) in Kenya. Although structures of the male and female genitalia are extremely similar among three of the four species, male secondary scales on the under surface of the hindwing easily distinguish them. C1 [Timm, Alicia E.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Brown, John W.] ARS, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Timm, AE (reprint author), Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. EM aetimm@gmail.com FU Mellon Foundation FX We thank Jurate and Willy De Prins for the loan of material from RMCA, and Pasquale Trematerra and Todd Gilligan for the loan of material from their personal collections. We thank Scott Miller and Paul Hebert for providing barcode data, and Robert Copeland for the opportunity to examine specimens reared from native fruit in Kenya. A Mellon Foundation grant provided funds for AET to work at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA, and JWB to work at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa. Images of morphological features were skillful captured and arranged into plates by Taina Litwak, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA. The following provided helpful reviews or comments on the manuscript: Leif Aarvik, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway; and Joaquin Baixeras, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biologia Evolutiva, University of Valencia, Spain. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 438 BP 113 EP 128 DI 10.3897/zookeys.438.7490 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AO5AE UT WOS:000341351700006 PM 25197220 ER PT J AU Guo, ZD Hu, HF Pan, YD Birdsey, RA Fang, JY AF Guo, Z. D. Hu, H. F. Pan, Y. D. Birdsey, R. A. Fang, J. Y. TI Increasing biomass carbon stocks in trees outside forests in China over the last three decades SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID STORAGE; SINKS; SEQUESTRATION AB Trees outside forests (TOF) play important roles in national economies, ecosystem services, and international efforts for mitigating climate warming. Detailed assessment of the dynamics of carbon (C) stocks in China's TOF is necessary for fully evaluating the role of the country's trees in the national C cycle. This study is the first to explore the changes in biomass C stocks of China's TOF over the last three decades, using the national forest inventory data in six periods from 1977 to 2008. According to the definition of the forest inventory, China's TOF could be categorized into three groups: woodlands, shrubberies, and trees on non-forest land (including four-side greening trees, defined in the article, and scattered trees). We estimated biomass C stocks of woodlands and trees on non-forest land by using the provincial biomass-volume conversion equations derived from the data of low-canopy forests, and estimated the biomass C stocks of shrubberies using the provincial mean biomass density. Total TOF biomass C stock increased by 62.7% from 823 Tg C (1 Tg=10(12) g) in the initial period of 1977-1981 to 1339 Tg C in the last period of 2004-2008. As a result, China's TOF have accumulated biomass C of 516 Tg during the study period, with 12, 270, and 234 Tg in woodlands, shrubberies, and trees on non-forest land, respectively. The annual biomass C sink of China's TOF averaged 19.1 Tg C yr(-1), offsetting 2.1% of the contemporary fossil-fuel CO2 emissions in the country. These estimates are equal to 16.5-20.7% of the contemporary total forest biomass C stock and 27.2% of the total forest biomass C sink in the country, suggesting that TOF are substantial components in China's tree C budget. C1 [Guo, Z. D.; Fang, J. Y.] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Dept Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Guo, Z. D.; Fang, J. Y.] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Hu, H. F.; Fang, J. Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Guo, Z. D.] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Pan, Y. D.; Birdsey, R. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Fang, JY (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Dept Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM jyfang@urban.pku.edu.cn RI Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015 FU National Basic Research Program of China on Global Change [2010CB950600]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31321061, 31330012]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05050300]; State Forestry Administration of China [2013-R13] FX This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China on Global Change (2010CB950600), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31321061 and 31330012), "Strategic Priority Research Program - Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Related Issues" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA05050300), and the State Forestry Administration of China (2013-R13). NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 30 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2014 VL 11 IS 15 BP 4115 EP 4122 DI 10.5194/bg-11-4115-2014 PG 8 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AO1VU UT WOS:000341104400005 ER PT J AU Chen, XM AF Chen, X. M. TI Integration of cultivar resistance and fungicide application for control of wheat stripe rust SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE disease epidemic; durable resistance; fungicides; integrated control; Puccinia striiformis; Triticum aestivum; yield loss ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; F-SP TRITICI; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; SEED TREATMENTS; UNITED-STATES; LEAF RUST; GENE; IDENTIFICATION; YR5 AB Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. The disease is mainly controlled by growing resistant cultivars and applying fungicides when necessary. To determine potential yield loss and fungicide response, major cultivars grown in the US Pacific Northwest and susceptible checks were tested in complete split-block design experiments. From 2002 to 2012, stripe rust caused yield losses ranging from 18% to more than 90% and from 5% to more than 50% with an average of 44% and 33% on susceptible winter and spring wheat checks, respectively. Without fungicide application, the commercially grown cultivars with various levels of stripe rust resistance could reduce potential yield losses to 2-21%, with an average of 8% for winter wheat, and to 0-27% with an average of 13% for spring wheat. Significant or insignificant effects of fungicide applications on yield increase were determined for each cultivar, and the results were used to guide stripe rust management by selecting resistant cultivars to grow and appropriately applying fungicides under different levels of stripe rust epidemic. The results should be useful for developing wheat cultivars with high durable resistance, and for improving chemical control in order to minimize yield losses and maximize profits while protecting the environment by reducing use of fungicides. C1 [Chen, X. M.] ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-015-00D]; Washington Wheat Commission [13C-3061-3923] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project No. 5348-22000-015-00D) and Washington Wheat Commission (Project No. 13C-3061-3923). The author would like to thank David Wood, Yumei Liu, Kent Evans, John Garner and numerous temporary workers for planting and managing the experiment fields and collecting data. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PY 2014 VL 36 IS 3 BP 311 EP 326 DI 10.1080/07060661.2014.924560 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN6QQ UT WOS:000340721600003 ER PT J AU Gagnon, MC Bergeron, MJ Hamelin, RC Grunwald, NJ Bilodeau, GJ AF Gagnon, Marie-Claude Bergeron, Marie-Josee Hamelin, Richard C. Gruenwald, Niklaus J. Bilodeau, Guillaume J. TI Real-time PCR assay to distinguish Phytophthora ramorum lineages using the cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) locus SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE allele-specific oligonucleotide; genotyping; oomycete; ramorum blight; single nucleotide polymorphism; sudden oak death ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; IDENTIFY 3 LINEAGES; NORTH-AMERICAN; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; EUROPEAN POPULATIONS; CLONAL LINEAGES; PATHOGEN; IDENTIFICATION; NURSERIES; FUNGI AB Phytophthora ramorum is a pathogenic oomycete that causes sudden oak death in the Western USA and sudden larch death in the UK. Until recently, three genetically divergent clonal lineages of P. ramorum were known (EU1, NA1 and NA2), named according to the continent on which they were first detected. In 2009, a fourth lineage named EU2 was discovered in the UK. Sequencing and microsatellite genotyping revealed that the EU2 lineage is genetically distinct from all other lineages. Allele-specific oligonucleotide-PCR (ASO-PCR) assays using real-time PCR were developed in this study, allowing for the identification of the EU2 lineage. Also, a combination of ASO-PCR assays targeting the cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) locus was validated to rapidly identify all four lineages. Sequencing of the CBEL locus revealed eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that distinguished EU2 from the other three lineages. Two ASO-PCR assays were developed from these SNPs, providing the ability to rapidly identify EU2 individuals relative to EU1, NA1 and NA2 individuals. These new assays were combined with two existing assays targeting the same locus to allow rapid and simple identification of all four lineages. Blind tests performed on a panel of representative samples revealed diagnostic profiles unique to each lineage. These markers can be used with diseased field samples, making them well suited for routine procedures in diagnostic laboratories to identify P. ramorum. C1 [Gagnon, Marie-Claude; Bilodeau, Guillaume J.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. [Bergeron, Marie-Josee; Hamelin, Richard C.] Nat Resources Canada, Laurentian Forestry Ctr, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. [Hamelin, Richard C.] Univ British Columbia, Forest Sci Ctr, Fac Forestry, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bilodeau, GJ (reprint author), Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, 3851 Fallowfield Rd, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. EM guillaume.bilodeau@inspection.gc.ca RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 FU NSERC; Genome Canada; Genome BC through the Large-Scale Applied Research Project for the TAIGA project (Tree Aggressors Identification using Genomic Approaches); CFIA Research Partnership Strategy (RPS) fund [OLF-P-1302] FX The authors would like to thank C. Brasier (Forest Research, Forestry Commission, Farnham, UK) for providing European strains of P. ramorum and M. Newton and D. Shearlaw (Pathogen Identification Research Laboratory, CFIA, Ottawa, Canada) for technical help. Also, thanks to S. C. Briere (Plant Pathology Laboratory, CFIA, Ottawa, Canada) for providing material and sharing information. Support was provided in part by NSERC for a postdoctoral fellowship to M.-C. Gagnon and by Genome Canada and Genome BC through the 2010 Large-Scale Applied Research Project for the TAIGA project (Tree Aggressors Identification using Genomic Approaches; http://taigaforesthealth.com/Home.aspx) and CFIA Research Partnership Strategy (RPS) fund for the project OLF-P-1302. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PY 2014 VL 36 IS 3 BP 367 EP 376 DI 10.1080/07060661.2014.924999 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN6QQ UT WOS:000340721600008 ER PT J AU Sink, KM Espeland, MA Rushing, J Castro, CM Church, TS Cohen, R Gill, TM Henkin, L Jennings, JM Kerwin, DR Manini, TM Myers, V Pahor, M Reid, KF Woolard, N Rapp, SR Williamson, JD AF Sink, Kaycee M. Espeland, Mark A. Rushing, Julia Castro, Cynthia M. Church, Timothy S. Cohen, Ronald Gill, Thomas M. Henkin, Leora Jennings, Janine M. Kerwin, Diana R. Manini, Todd M. Myers, Valerie Pahor, Marco Reid, Kieran F. Woolard, Nancy Rapp, Stephen R. Williamson, Jeff D. CA LIFE Investigators TI The LIFE Cognition Study: design and baseline characteristics SO CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS IN AGING LA English DT Article DE exercise; physical activity; older adults; dementia ID ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION WORKGROUPS; LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OLDER-ADULTS; STYLE INTERVENTIONS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; DIAGNOSTIC GUIDELINES; NATIONAL INSTITUTE; WORKING-MEMORY; AGING HUMANS AB Observational studies have shown beneficial relationships between exercise and cognitive function. Some clinical trials have also demonstrated improvements in cognitive function in response to moderate-high intensity aerobic exercise; however, these have been limited by relatively small sample sizes and short durations. The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study is the largest and longest randomized controlled clinical trial of physical activity with cognitive outcomes, in older sedentary adults at increased risk for incident mobility disability. One LIFE Study objective is to evaluate the effects of a structured physical activity program on changes in cognitive function and incident all-cause mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Here, we present the design and baseline cognitive data. At baseline, participants completed the modified Mini Mental Status Examination, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Digit Symbol Coding, Modified Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure, and a computerized battery, selected to be sensitive to changes in speed of processing and executive functioning. During follow up, participants completed the same battery, along with the Category Fluency for Animals, Boston Naming, and Trail Making tests. The description of the mild cognitive impairment/dementia adjudication process is presented here. Participants with worse baseline Short Physical Performance Battery scores (prespecified at <= 7) had significantly lower median cognitive test scores compared with those having scores of 8 or 9 with modified Mini Mental Status Examination score of 91 versus (vs) 93, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test delayed recall score of 7.4 vs 7.9, and Digit Symbol Coding score of 45 vs 48, respectively (all P<0.001). The LIFE Study will contribute important information on the effects of a structured physical activity program on cognitive outcomes in sedentary older adults at particular risk for mobility impairment. In addition to its importance in the area of prevention of cognitive decline, the LIFE Study will also likely serve as a model for exercise and other behavioral intervention trials in older adults. C1 [Sink, Kaycee M.; Woolard, Nancy; Williamson, Jeff D.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Sticht Ctr Aging, Dept Internal Med, Sect Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Espeland, Mark A.; Rushing, Julia; Henkin, Leora] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Castro, Cynthia M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Church, Timothy S.] Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Cohen, Ronald; Manini, Todd M.; Pahor, Marco] Univ Florida, Inst Aging, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cohen, Ronald; Manini, Todd M.; Pahor, Marco] Univ Florida, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gill, Thomas M.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Jennings, Janine M.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Psychol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Kerwin, Diana R.] Texas Hlth Presbyterian Hosp, Texas Alzheimers & Memory Disorders, Dallas, TX USA. [Myers, Valerie] Klein Buendel Inc, Golden, CO USA. [Reid, Kieran F.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rapp, Stephen R.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Sink, KM (reprint author), Wake Forest Sch Med, Sticht Ctr Aging, One Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM kmsink@wakehealth.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Aging Cooperative Agreement [UO1 AG22376]; National Institute on Aging, NIH; Claude D Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers at the University of Florida [1 P30 AG028740]; Wake Forest University [1 P30 AG21332]; Tufts University [1 P30 AG031679]; University of Pittsburgh [P30 AG024827]; Yale University [P30 AG021342]; NIH/National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) at Stanford University [UL1 RR025744]; Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center [1R24HD065688-01A1]; National Institute on Aging [K07AG3587] FX The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Study is funded by a National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Aging Cooperative Agreement (number UO1 AG22376) and a supplement from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (number 3U01AG022376-05A2S), and is sponsored in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH.; The research is also partially supported by the Claude D Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers at the University of Florida (grant number 1 P30 AG028740), Wake Forest University (grant number 1 P30 AG21332), Tufts University (grant number 1 P30 AG031679), University of Pittsburgh (grant number P30 AG024827), and Yale University (grant number P30 AG021342), and the NIH/National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) at Stanford University (number UL1 RR025744).; The Tufts University LIFE field center is also supported by the Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center (grant number 1R24HD065688-01A1). Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture.; Dr Thomas Gill (Yale University) is the recipient of an Academic Leadership Award (number K07AG3587) from the National Institute on Aging. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 9 PU DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI ALBANY PA PO BOX 300-008, ALBANY, AUCKLAND 0752, NEW ZEALAND SN 1178-1998 J9 CLIN INTERV AGING JI Clin. Interv. Aging PY 2014 VL 9 BP 1425 EP 1436 DI 10.2147/CIA.S65381 PG 12 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AN8RJ UT WOS:000340871400001 PM 25210447 ER PT J AU Anderson, MK AF Anderson, M. Kat TI INTRODUCTION TO OMER C. STEWART'S ARTICLE SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Dept Plant Sci, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Anderson, MK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Dept Plant Sci, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, 1035 Wickson Hall,One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mkanderson@ucdavis.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 2 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AN4WZ UT WOS:000340591600001 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Derner, JD Smith, DP AF Augustine, David J. Derner, Justin D. Smith, David P. TI CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS CONDUCTED UNDER MODIFIED PRESCRIPTIONS TO MITIGATE LIMITED FUELS IN A SEMI-ARID GRASSLAND SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bouteloua gracilis; fire temperature; grassland; Gutierrezia sarothrae; heat dosage; heat duration; Opuntia polyacantha; semi-arid rangeland; western Great Plains ID SHORTGRASS STEPPE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; PRAIRIE; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURES; INTENSITY; RANGELAND; COMMUNITY; RESPONSES; SUMMER AB In semi-arid grasslands of the North American Great Plains, fire has traditionally been viewed as having few management applications, and quantitative measurements of fire behavior in the low fuel loads characteristic of this region are lacking. More recently, land managers have recognized potential applications of prescribed fire to control undesirable plant species and to manage habitat for wildlife in this region. Working in the shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado over a 7-year period, we quantified peak temperatures, heating duration, and heat dosage produced near ground level during prescribed burns conducted under a wide range of fuel loads and weather conditions. We use an information theoretic approach to develop models that predict peak temperature and heat dosage as a function of weather parameters and fuel loads. Under the weather conditions that we examined, successful burns (> 80 % of target area burnt) occurred with fuel loads varying from 350 kg ha(-1) to 1175 kg ha(-1), while burns with fuel loads <350 kg ha(-1) generally failed to spread and burned less than 60 % of target areas. Peak temperatures, heat duration, and heat dosage during shortgrass burns: 1) were lower than reported for mixed grass prairies, 2) increased linearly with increasing fuel loads, and 3) were secondarily influenced by wind speed, ambient air temperature, and relative humidity. Compared to desert grassland, heat doses near the ground surface were similar, but peak temperatures were lower and heat duration longer in shortgrass steppe burns. Our findings provide quantitative predictions for heat production from fires in shortgrass steppe near the ground surface, where most plant meristems are located. Based on these relationships, we provide suggestions for burn prescriptions to achieve goals such as reducing abundance of undesirable plant species and providing habitat for native grassland birds. C1 [Augustine, David J.; Smith, David P.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Derner, Justin D.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM David.Augustine@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; USDA-Forest Service National Fire Plan FX We thank all of the students and staff working at CPER who have assisted with burns over the years. For many years of dedicated assistance and expertise in implementing burns, we thank J. Thomas, M. Ashby, M. Lindquist, M. Mortenson, P. McCusker, R. Pate, T. Smith, T. Kanode, E. Hardy, and J. Kray. We thank the Crow Valley Livestock Cooperative for providing the cattle in the large-scale burn experiment. This research was funded by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service and the USDA-Forest Service National Fire Plan. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 13 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 2 BP 36 EP 47 DI 10.4996/fireecology.1002036 PG 12 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AN4WZ UT WOS:000340591600004 ER PT S AU Moon, RJ Pohler, T Tammelin, T AF Moon, Robert J. Pohler, Tiina Tammelin, Tekla BE Oksman, K Mathew, AP Bismarck, A Rojas, O Sain, M Qvintus, P TI Microscopic Characterization of Nanofibers and Nanocrystals SO HANDBOOK OF GREEN MATERIALS, VOL 1: BIONANOMATERIALS: SEPARATION PROCESSES, CHARACTERIZATION AND PROPERTIES SE Materials and Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; FITTING VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; CELLULOSE-I CRYSTALLINITY; TEMPO-MEDIATED OXIDATION; FT-RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; NATIVE CELLULOSE; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; ELASTIC-MODULUS; STRESS-TRANSFER; NANOCOMPOSITES AB Comprehensive characterization of cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) is needed to advance our understanding of these materials and enable material designers, models, and manufacturers to make informed decisions in the development of new products and materials based on CNs. This chapter summarizes several characterization methods as they pertain to CNs, in particular to characterize CN morphology, structure, mechanical properties, and surface chemistry. C1 [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC 20227 USA. [Pohler, Tiina; Tammelin, Tekla] VTT, Espoo, Finland. RP Moon, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC 20227 USA. RI Tammelin, Tekla/A-2932-2015 NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2335-6596 BN 978-981-4566-48-3; 978-981-4566-45-2 J9 MATER ENERG PY 2014 VL 5 BP 159 EP 180 D2 10.1142/8975 PG 22 WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BB1FO UT WOS:000341090500011 ER PT S AU Oksman, K Moon, RJ AF Oksman, Kristiina Moon, Robert J. BE Oksman, K Mathew, AP Bismarck, A Rojas, O Sain, M Qvintus, P TI Characterization of Nanocomposites Structure SO HANDBOOK OF GREEN MATERIALS, VOL 2: BIONANOCOMPOSITES: PROCESSING, CHARACTERIZATION AND PROPERTIES SE Materials and Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACETATE BUTYRATE NANOCOMPOSITES; AC ELECTRIC-FIELD; CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS; ATOMIC-FORCE; BACTERIAL CELLULOSE; NATIVE CELLULOSE; FILMS; WHISKERS; NANOWHISKERS; ORIENTATION AB This chapter summarizes several techniques that have been used in the characterization of cellulose nanocomposites, in particular cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) dispersion, distribution, and orientation within polymer matrixes. The microscopy techniques described are optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Also, the use of X-ray diffraction for quantification of CN orientation is discussed. The characterization of bionanocomposites is challenging because these materials are soft, moisture sensitive, non-conductive, and usually both the matrix phase and the reinforcement phase primarily consist of low atomic number elements (making differentiation difficult). Different sample preparation techniques for CN composite materials are also discussed. C1 [Oksman, Kristiina] Lulea Univ Technol, Div Mat Sci, Composite Ctr Sweden, S-95187 Lulea, Sweden. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Oksman, K (reprint author), Lulea Univ Technol, Div Mat Sci, Composite Ctr Sweden, S-95187 Lulea, Sweden. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2335-6596 BN 978-981-4566-49-0; 978-981-4566-45-2 J9 MATER ENERG PY 2014 VL 5 BP 89 EP 105 D2 10.1142/8975 PG 17 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Composites SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BB1FN UT WOS:000341089900007 ER PT J AU Pettinari, ML Ottmar, RD Prichard, SJ Andreu, AG Chuvieco, E AF Lucrecia Pettinari, M. Ottmar, Roger D. Prichard, Susan J. Andreu, Anne G. Chuvieco, Emilio TI Development and mapping of fuel characteristics and associated fire potentials for South America SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE FCCS; fuel map; fuelbeds ID CHARACTERISTIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; GLOBAL LAND-COVER; WILDLAND FUELBEDS; MODELS; VEGETATION; CONSUMPTION; SATELLITE; FRAMEWORK; MAP AB The characteristics and spatial distribution of fuels are critical for assessing fire hazard, fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and other fire effects. However, fuel maps are difficult to generate and update, because many regions of the world lack fuel descriptions or adequate mapped vegetation attributes to assign these fuelbeds spatially across the landscape. This paper presents a process to generate fuel maps for large areas using remotely sensed information and ancillary fuel characteristic data. The Fuel Characteristic Classification System was used to build fuelbeds for South America and predict potential fire hazard using a set of default environmental variables. A land-cover map was combined with a biome map to define 98 fuelbeds, and their parameters were assigned based on information from global datasets and existing Fuel Characteristic Classification System fuelbeds or photo series. The indices of potential surface fire behaviour ranged from 1.32 to 9, whereas indices of potential crown fire and available fuel for combustion had low to medium values (0-6). This paper presents a geospatial fuels map for South America. This map could be used to assess fire hazard, predict fire behaviour under defined environmental conditions or calculate fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. It could also be easily updated as new remotely sensed information on vegetation becomes available. C1 [Lucrecia Pettinari, M.; Chuvieco, Emilio] Univ Alcala De Henares, Environm Remote Sensing Res Grp, Dept Geog & Geol, Madrid 28801, Spain. [Ottmar, Roger D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Prichard, Susan J.; Andreu, Anne G.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Pettinari, ML (reprint author), Univ Alcala De Henares, Environm Remote Sensing Res Grp, Dept Geog & Geol, Calle Colegios 2, Madrid 28801, Spain. EM mlucrecia.pettinari@uah.es RI Chuvieco, Emilio /N-6448-2016; Pettinari, M. Lucrecia/D-8049-2017 OI Chuvieco, Emilio /0000-0001-5618-4759; Pettinari, M. Lucrecia/0000-0002-7472-4373 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Project FIREGLOBE [CGL2008-01083/CLI]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Project PYROGEA [CGL2011-29619-C03-03]; Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station FX Funding for this project was obtained through the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Projects FIREGLOBE (ref. CGL2008-01083/CLI) and PYROGEA (ref. CGL2011-29619-C03-03). The Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport supports M. L. Pettinari within the Programa de Formacion de Profesorado Universitario (FPU) framework. The authors thank Ernesto Alvarado for contributing the Mexican fuelbed variables and Nancy French and her team from the Michigan Tech Research Institute for contributing the agricultural crop fuelbed variables. We acknowledge the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station for their salary support. Finally, we are also grateful to anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 BP 643 EP 654 DI 10.1071/WF12137 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN4OP UT WOS:000340567700005 ER PT J AU Stan, AB Fule, PZ Ireland, KB Sanderlin, JS AF Stan, Amanda B. Fule, Peter Z. Ireland, Kathryn B. Sanderlin, Jamie S. TI Modern fire regime resembles historical fire regime in a ponderosa pine forest on Native American lands SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE climate; dendrochronology; fire scars; fuels; generalised linear mixed models; Hualapai Tribe; logistic regression models; Pinus ponderosa; prescribed fire; south-western United States ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; SEASON PRESCRIBED FIRES; SIERRA-NEVADA; NORTHERN ARIZONA; WILDERNESS AREAS; WESTERN MONTANA; TREE MORTALITY; BURNING SEASON; GRAND-CANYON AB Forests on tribal lands in the western United States have seen the return of low-intensity surface fires for several decades longer than forests on non-tribal lands. We examined the surface fire regime in a ponderosa pine-dominated (Pinus ponderosa) forest on the Hualapai tribal lands in the south-western United States. Using fire-scarred trees, we inferred temporal (frequency and seasonality) and spatial (synchrony) attributes and regulators of the fire regime over three land-use periods (historical, suppression, modern) between 1702 and 2007. Patterns of fire frequency and synchrony were similar, but fire seasonality was dissimilar, between the historical and modern periods. Logistic regression and generalised linear mixed models identified a suite of variables representing fuels, climate and human land uses that were associated with the probability of a site burning. Combined, these results allow for valuable insights regarding past fire spread and variability in fire frequency throughout our study area. In some respects, the current distinct fire regime in our study area, which predominately consists of prescribed fires implemented since the 1960s, resembles the past frequent surface fire regime that occurred here and in similar forest types on non-tribal lands in the south-western United States. Our results will be useful for informing adaptive management throughout the region as climate warms. C1 [Stan, Amanda B.; Fule, Peter Z.; Ireland, Kathryn B.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Sanderlin, Jamie S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Stan, AB (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, POB 15018, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM amanda.stan@nau.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67012-30665]; Mission Research Program (McIntyre-Stennis) of the School of Forestry at NAU; ERI; National Fire Plan FX We are grateful to the Hualapai Tribe for granting us permission to work on their lands. Special thanks to Melvin Hunter Jr, Charles Murphy and Richard Powskey for providing support throughout this project. We thank Melvin Hunter Jr, Matt Tuten and Larissa Yocom for assisting in the field and Don Normandin, Melvin Hunter Jr and student members of the Ecological Restoration Institute (ERI) at Northern Arizona University (NAU) for assisting in the laboratory. Erik Schiefer provided valuable assistance with analyses. We thank Emily Heyerdahl, Larissa Yocom and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We thank L. Scott Baggett for his statistical review of the manuscript and for his assistance with the modelling approaches. Thanks to Tom Swetnam and Don Falk for providing data on fire-scar sites in the south-western United States. This project was funded by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant number 2011-67012-30665 from the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the Mission Research Program (McIntyre-Stennis) of the School of Forestry at NAU, and the ERI. The National Fire Plan provided salary funding for Jamie Sanderlin. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 22 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 BP 686 EP 697 DI 10.1071/WF13089 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN4OP UT WOS:000340567700009 ER PT J AU Cohn, GM Parsons, RA Heyerdahl, EK Gavin, DG Flower, A AF Cohn, Gregory M. Parsons, Russell A. Heyerdahl, Emily K. Gavin, Daniel G. Flower, Aquila TI Simulated western spruce budworm defoliation reduces torching and crowning potential: a sensitivity analysis using a physics-based fire model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE canopy bulk density; CFD; Computational Fluid Dynamic model; critical surface fire intensity; Douglas-fir; fire behaviour; fuel moisture; surface fire intensity; WFDS; wildland-urban interface fire dynamic simulator ID TREE-RING RECONSTRUCTION; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; UNITED-STATES; FOREST-FIRE; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; LODGEPOLE PINE; BOREAL FOREST; MOUNTAIN PINE; NORTH-AMERICA; OUTBREAKS AB The widespread, native defoliator western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) reduces canopy fuels, which might affect the potential for surface fires to torch (ignite the crowns of individual trees) or crown (spread between tree crowns). However, the effects of defoliation on fire behaviour are poorly understood. We used a physics-based fire model to examine the effects of defoliation and three aspects of how the phenomenon is represented in the model (the spatial distribution of defoliation within tree crowns, potential branchwood drying and model resolution). Our simulations suggest that fire intensity and crowning are reduced with increasing defoliation compared with un-defoliated trees, regardless of within-crown fuel density, but torching is only reduced with decreasing crown fuel density. A greater surface fire intensity was required to ignite the crown of a defoliated compared with an un-defoliated tree of the same crown base height. The effects of defoliation were somewhat mitigated by canopy fuel heterogeneity and potential branchwood drying, but these effects, as well as computational cell size, were less pronounced than the effect of defoliation itself on fire intensity. Our study suggests that areas heavily defoliated by western spruce budworm may inhibit the spread of crown fires and promote non-lethal surface fires. C1 [Cohn, Gregory M.; Parsons, Russell A.; Heyerdahl, Emily K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Gavin, Daniel G.; Flower, Aquila] Univ Oregon, Dept Geog, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Cohn, GM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 5775 US West Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM gcohn@fs.fed.us RI Gavin, Daniel/C-9214-2009 OI Gavin, Daniel/0000-0001-8743-3949 FU USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station [09-JV-11221637-195]; USDA-USDI Joint Fire Science Program [09-1-06-5]; University of Oregon FX We thank David C. Powell for help with ecology of western spruce budworm; William Mell, Erin Noonan-Wright, and two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful reviews; and L. Scott Baggett for statistical assistance. This research was supported in part by funds provided by the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station in part under Research Joint Venture Agreement 09-JV-11221637-195, the USDA-USDI Joint Fire Science Program as Project 09-1-06-5 and the University of Oregon. NR 83 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 BP 709 EP 720 DI 10.1071/WF13074 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN4OP UT WOS:000340567700011 ER PT J AU Balfour, VN Doerr, SH Robichaud, PR AF Balfour, Victoria N. Doerr, Stefan H. Robichaud, Peter R. TI The temporal evolution of wildfire ash and implications for post-fire infiltration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE ash crust formation; ash evolution; wildfires ID CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; VEGETATIVE ASH; BURN SEVERITY; OVERLAND-FLOW; FIRE; SOIL; EROSION; RUNOFF; USA; MOUNTAIN AB Changes in the properties of an ash layer with time may affect the amount of post-fire runoff, particularly by the formation of ash surface crusts. The formation of depositional crusts by ash have been observed at the pore and plot scales, but the causes and temporal evolution of ash layers and associated crusts have not yet been thoroughly investigated. In the long term, ash crusting effects will decrease as the ash layer is removed by wind and water erosion, but in the short term ash crusting could contribute to the observed changes in post-fire runoff. This research addresses these topics by studying the evolution over time of highly combusted ash layers from two high-severity wildfires that occurred in Montana in 2011. More specifically, this research was designed to assess the potential for ash crusts to form and thereby contribute to the observed decreases in infiltration after forest fires. Results indicate that high-combustion ash can evolve due to post-fire rainfall. Plots that exhibited a visible ash crust also displayed a significant decrease in effective porosity and hydraulic conductivity. These decreases in ash layer characteristics were attributed to raindrop compaction and ash hydration resulting in the formation of carbonate crystals, which decreased effective porosity and flow within the ash layer. During this same time period, inorganic carbon content more than doubled from 11 to 26% and bulk density significantly increased from 0.22 to 0.39 g cm(-3) on crusted plots. Although raindrop impact increased the robustness of the ash crust, mineralogical transformations must occur to produce a hydrologically relevant ash crust. These results indicate that postfire rainfall is an important control on the properties of the ash layer after burning and on crust formation. The observed temporal changes indicate that the timing of ash sampling can alter the predictions as to whether the ash layer is effecting post-fire infiltration and runoff. Despite the reduction in infiltration capacity, the formation of post-fire ash crusts could prove beneficial to post-fire hazard mitigation by stabilising the ash layer, and reducing aeolian mixing and erosion. C1 [Balfour, Victoria N.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Doerr, Stefan H.] Univ Wales Swansea, Dept Geog, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Robichaud, Peter R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Balfour, VN (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM vnbalfour@gmail.com RI Doerr, Stefan/G-5456-2012 OI Doerr, Stefan/0000-0002-8700-9002 FU National Science Foundation [1014938]; US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (FSAN) [09-CS-11221634-283] FX This manuscript is dedicated to the late Dr Scott W. Woods, whose contribution to Dr Balfour's research was paramount. He was a great mentor, scientist, teacher and friend, who will be missed by many, but forgotten by none. The authors thank Daniel Hatley, Jim Reilly, Keenan Storrar, Katie Jorgensen, Ian Hype and Lance Glasgow for aid in field data collection. This research was funded by grants from the National Science Foundation (Award# 1014938) and the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (FSAN# 09-CS-11221634-283). NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 BP 733 EP 745 DI 10.1071/WF13159 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN4OP UT WOS:000340567700013 ER PT J AU Al-Rehaily, AJ Alqasoumi, SI Yusufoglu, HS Al-Yahya, MA Demirci, B Tabanca, N Wedge, DE Demirci, F Bernier, UR Becnel, JJ Temel, HE Baser, KHC AF Al-Rehaily, Adnan Jathlan Alqasoumi, Saleh Ibrahim Yusufoglu, Hasan Soliman Al-Yahya, Mohammed Abdulaziz Demirci, Betul Tabanca, Nurhayat Wedge, David Earl Demirci, Fatih Bernier, Ulrich Reginald Becnel, James-John Temel, Halide Edip Baser, Kemal Husnu Can TI Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Haplophyllum tuberculatum Juss. Essential Oil SO JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL BEARING PLANTS LA English DT Article DE Haplophyllum tuberculatum; Rutaceae; Insecticide; Mosquito repellent; Antimicrobial; trans-p-Menth-2-en-1-ol; AchE/BuChE inhibition; Biopesticide ID PESTICIDES; IRAN AB The essential oil of Haplophyllum tuberculatum was prepared by hydrodistillation of the fresh flowering aerial parts of the plant collected from Saudi Arabia. The oil was subsequently analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Thirty seven compounds, accounting for 96.4 % of the oil composition were identified. The major components were trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol (19.2 %), cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol (13.2 %), myrcene (10.1 %), delta-3-carene (8.8 %), beta-phellandrene (6.9 %), limonene (6.6 %) and cis-piperitol (6.4 %). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was determined using the broth microdilution method against various human pathogens, where a relatively low inhibitory range was observed (MIC 1 mg/mL). Furthermore, the oil was evaluated for its antifungal activity against the strawberry anthracnose-causing fungal plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides using the direct overlay bioautography assay. The essential oil showed no antifungal activity at 80 and 160 g/spot concentrations compared to commercial antifungal standards. The oil was also investigated for its insecticidal and repellent activity against Aedes aegypti. The oil was repellent to the yellow fever mosquito Ae. aegypti using the "cloth patch assay" down to a concentration of 0.074 mg/cm(2); however, the oil had low toxicity against first instar larvae and adults of Ae. aegypti in a high throughput larval bioassay and adult topical assay. Additionally, enzyme activity was measured using the spectrophotometric Ellman method. The oil showed weakly acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity at the tested concentration, compared to standard substances, whereas no inhibition on butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity was observed. C1 [Al-Rehaily, Adnan Jathlan; Alqasoumi, Saleh Ibrahim; Al-Yahya, Mohammed Abdulaziz] King Saud Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Yusufoglu, Hasan Soliman] Salman Bin Abdulaziz Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Kharj, Saudi Arabia. [Demirci, Betul; Demirci, Fatih] Anadolu Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, Fac Pharm, Tepebasi, Turkey. [Tabanca, Nurhayat] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wedge, David Earl] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, NPURU, Thad Cochran Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Bernier, Ulrich Reginald; Becnel, James-John] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Temel, Halide Edip] Anadolu Univ, Dept Biochem, Fac Pharm, Tepebasi, Turkey. [Baser, Kemal Husnu Can] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. RP Yusufoglu, HS (reprint author), Salman Bin Abdulaziz Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Kharj, Saudi Arabia. EM hasanagazar@hotmail.com RI Demirci, Fatih /A-8295-2008; Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008 OI Demirci, Fatih /0000-0003-1497-3017; FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB); Global Research Netwrok for Medicinal Plants (GRNMP); King Saud University FX The authors thank Ms. J. Linda Robertson and Ms. Ramona Pace, Mr. Nathan Newton, Mr. Greg Allen, Ms. Natasha Elejalde and Ms. Katelyn Chalaire for great assistance with the antifungal and mosquito bioassays. This study was supported by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program and the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). This work was also partially supported by Global Research Netwrok for Medicinal Plants (GRNMP) and King Saud University. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0972-060X EI 0976-5026 J9 J ESSENT OIL BEAR PL JI J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants. PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 452 EP 459 DI 10.1080/0972060X.2014.895211 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AO0KS UT WOS:000340998200015 ER PT J AU Pekney, NJ Veloski, G Reeder, M Tamilia, J Rupp, E Wetzel, A AF Pekney, Natalie J. Veloski, Garret Reeder, Matthew Tamilia, Joseph Rupp, Erik Wetzel, Alan TI Measurement of atmospheric pollutants associated with oil and natural gas exploration and production activity in Pennsylvania's Allegheny National Forest SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; EMISSIONS; AEROSOL; IDENTIFICATION; TROPOSPHERE; PITTSBURGH; HOUSTON; CARBON; ETHANE AB Oil and natural gas exploration and production (E&P) activities generate emissions from diesel engines, compressor stations, condensate tanks, leaks and venting of natural gas, construction of well pads, and well access roads that can negatively impact air quality on both local and regional scales. A mobile, autonomous air quality monitoring laboratory was constructed to collect measurements of ambient concentrations of pollutants associated with oil and natural gas E&P activities. This air-monitoring laboratory was deployed to the Allegheny National Forest (ANF) in northwestern Pennsylvania for a campaign that resulted in the collection of approximately 7 months of data split between three monitoring locations between July 2010 and June 2011. The three monitoring locations were the Kane Experimental Forest (KEF) area in Elk County, which is downwind of the Sackett oilfield; the Bradford Ranger Station (BRS) in McKean County, which is downwind of a large area of historic oil and gas productivity; and the U.S. Forest Service Hearts Content campground (HC) in Warren County, which is in an area relatively unimpacted by oil and gas development and which therefore yielded background pollutant concentrations in the ANF. Concentrations of criteria pollutants ozone and NO2 did not vary significantly from site to site; averages were below National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with oil and natural gas (ethane, propane, butane, pentane) were highly correlated. Applying the conditional probability function (CPF) to the ethane data yielded most probable directions of the sources that were coincident with known location of existing wells and activity. Differences between the two impacted and one background site were difficult to discern, suggesting the that the monitoring laboratory was a great enough distance downwind of active areas to allow for sufficient dispersion with background air such that the localized plumes were not detected. Implications: Monitoring of pollutants associated with oil and natural gas exploration and production activity at three sites within the Allegheny National Forest (ANF) showed only slight site-to-site differences even with one site far removed from these activities. However, the impact was evident not in detection of localized plumes but in regional elevated ethane concentrations, as ethane can be considered a tracer species for oil and natural gas activity. The data presented serve as baseline conditions for evaluation of impacts from future development of Marcellus or Utica shale gas reserves. C1 [Pekney, Natalie J.; Veloski, Garret] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Engn Nat Syst Div Monitoring Team, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Reeder, Matthew] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Tamilia, Joseph] URS Corp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Rupp, Erik] Stanford Univ, Dept Energy Resources Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wetzel, Alan] US Forest Serv, Allegheny Natl Forest, Bradford, PA USA. RP Pekney, NJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM Natalie.Pekney@netl.doe.gov NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 44 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 9 BP 1062 EP 1072 DI 10.1080/10962247.2014.897270 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AO0OI UT WOS:000341009300010 PM 25283004 ER PT J AU Ozeren, Y Wren, DG Wu, W AF Ozeren, Y. Wren, D. G. Wu, W. TI Experimental Investigation of Wave Attenuation through Model and Live Vegetation SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Vegetation; Wave attenuation; Energy dissipation; Wetlands; Marsh; Drag coefficient; Video analysis ID EMERGENT; FLOW; CYLINDERS; DRAG AB Wetland vegetation can attenuate storm surge and waves and thus play an important role in coastal protection. In this study, laboratory experiments were used to quantify wave attenuation as a function of vegetation type, density, and height, as well as wave conditions. Wave attenuation characteristics were investigated under regular and irregular waves for rigid and flexible model vegetation in addition to live Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus, two common coastal species. Vegetation densities were 156-623 stems/m(2) for model vegetation, 405-545 stems/m(2) for S. alterniflora, and 2,857 stems/m(2) for J. roemerianus. Bulk drag coefficients (C-D) of the vegetation species were calibrated based on wave gauge data and video images, and regression equations were derived for the drag coefficient as a function of Keulegan-Carpenter number (KC). C-D did not depend significantly on the relative vegetation height with respect to water depth for rigid vegetation models in the emergent and submerged conditions tested here. In general, drag coefficients were higher for live vegetation species than for rigid and flexible vegetation models. The results also showed that vertical variation of plant density strongly influenced the drag coefficient. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Ozeren, Y.; Wu, W.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wren, D. G.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Wu, W.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. RP Ozeren, Y (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. EM yozeren@ncche.olemiss.edu; Daniel.Wren@ars.usda.gov; wwu@clarkson.edu FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security; ARS [58-6408-1-609]; University of Mississippi FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security-sponsored Southeast Region Research Initiative (SERRI) at the U.S. DOE's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and in part by the ARS under Specific Research Agreement No. 58-6408-1-609 monitored by the USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory and the University of Mississippi. Glenn Gray and Jeffrey Diers are recognized for their efforts in flume construction and preparation. This work is dedicated to the memory of Kevser Ermin. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 19 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X EI 1943-5460 J9 J WATERW PORT COAST JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng. PY 2014 VL 140 IS 5 AR 04014019 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000251 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA AN6UF UT WOS:000340733100003 ER PT B AU Park, JB AF Park, Jae B. BE Watson, RR TI Flaxseed Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside and Visceral Obesity A Closer Look at its Chemical Properties, Absorption, Metabolism, Bioavailability, and Effects on Visceral Fat, Lipid Profile, Systemic Inflammation, and Hypertension SO NUTRITION IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ABDOMINAL OBESITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; MAMMALIAN LIGNANS ENTERODIOL; HUMAN INTESTINAL BACTERIA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; WEIGHT-LOSS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; IN-VITRO; CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK; INSULIN-RESISTANCE C1 ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Park, JB (reprint author), ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-407934-2; 978-0-12-407869-7 PY 2014 BP 317 EP 327 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-407869-7.00029-5 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB1MS UT WOS:000341206900030 ER PT B AU Karl, JP McKeown, NM AF Karl, J. Philip McKeown, Nicola M. BE Watson, RR TI Whole Grains in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity SO NUTRITION IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ABDOMINAL OBESITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN GUT MICROBIOTA; BODY-MASS INDEX; CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSOCIATION; DIETARY FIBER; WEIGHT-LOSS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; HYPOCALORIC DIET; IN-VITRO; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN C1 [Karl, J. Philip; McKeown, Nicola M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Karl, JP (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 114 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-407934-2; 978-0-12-407869-7 PY 2014 BP 515 EP 528 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-407869-7.00043-X PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BB1MS UT WOS:000341206900044 ER PT J AU Wang, D Heckathorn, SA Hamilton, EW Frantz, J AF Wang, Dan Heckathorn, Scott A. Hamilton, E. William Frantz, Jonathan TI EFFECTS OF CO2 ON THE TOLERANCE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO HEAT STRESS CAN BE AFFECTED BY PHOTOSYNTHETIC PATHWAY AND NITROGEN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE climate change; heat shock proteins; thermotolerance ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRESS; SUBER L-SEEDLINGS; ELEVATED CO2; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GROWTH; PLANT; RESPONSES; LEAVES AB Premise of the study: Determining effects of elevated CO2 and N on photosynthetic thermotolerance is critical for predicting plant responses to global warming. Methods: We grew Hordeum vulgare (barley, C-3) and Zea mays (corn, C-4) at current or elevated CO2 (370, 700 ppm) and limiting or optimal soil N (0.5, 7.5 mmol/L). We assessed thermotolerance of net photosynthesis (P-n), photosystem II efficiency in the light (F-v'/F-m'), photochemical quenching (q(p)), carboxylation efficiency (CE), and content of rubisco activase and major heat-shock proteins (HSPs). Key results: For barley, elevated CO2 had no effect on P-n, q(p), and CE at both high and low N and only a positive effect on F-v'/F-m' at high N. However, for corn, P-n, F-v'/F-m', q(p), and CE were decreased substantially by elevated CO2 under high and low N, with greater decreases at high N for all but q(p). The negative effects of high CO2 during heat stress on photosynthesis were correlated with rubisco activase and HSPs content, which decreased with heat stress, especially for low-N corn. Conclusion: These results indicate that stimulatory effects of elevated CO2 at normal temperatures on photosynthesis and growth (only found for high-N barley) may be partly offset by neutral or negative effects during heat stress, especially for C-4 species. Thus, CO2 and N effects on photosynthetic thermotolerance may contribute to changes in plant productivity, distribution, and diversity in future. C1 [Wang, Dan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Heckathorn, Scott A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Hamilton, E. William] Washington & Lee Univ, Dept Biol, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan] Univ Toledo, ARS, USDA, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM danwang2008@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation FX This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation to S.A.H. and E.W.H. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 27 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 101 IS 1 BP 34 EP 44 DI 10.3732/ajb.1300267 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN2YD UT WOS:000340451100004 PM 24355208 ER PT J AU Eserman, LA Tiley, GP Jarret, RL Leebens-Mack, JH Miller, RE AF Eserman, Lauren A. Tiley, George P. Jarret, Robert L. Leebens-Mack, Jim H. Miller, Richard E. TI PHYLOGENETICS AND DIVERSIFICATION OF MORNING GLORIES (TRIBE IPOMOEEAE, CONVOLVULACEAE) BASED ON WHOLE PLASTOME SEQUENCES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE character evolution; chloroplast genomes; Convolvulaceae; divergence time estimation; Ipomoea; Ipomoeeae; morning glories; plastid sequences; phylogenetics ID SECTION BATATAS CONVOLVULACEAE; INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS VIEWER; SWEET-POTATO; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES; BAYESIAN-INFERENCE; DNA-SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; MULTIPLE; CHLOROPLAST; SYSTEMATICS AB Premise of the study: Morning glories are an emerging model system, and resolving phylogenetic relationships is critical for understanding their evolution. Phylogenetic studies demonstrated that the largest morning glory genus, Ipomoea, is not monophyletic, and nine other genera are derived from within Ipomoea. Therefore, systematic research is focused on the monophyletic tribe Ipomoeeae (ca. 650-900 species). We used whole plastomes to infer relationships across Ipomoeeae. Methods: Whole plastomes were sequenced for 29 morning glory species, representing major lineages. Phylogenies were estimated using alignments of 82 plastid genes and whole plastomes. Divergence times were estimated using three fossil calibration points. Finally, evolution of root architecture, flower color, and ergot alkaloid presence was examined. Key results: Phylogenies estimated from both data sets had nearly identical topologies. Phylogenetic results are generally consistent with prior phylogenetic hypotheses. Higher-level relationships with weak support in previous studies were recovered here with strong support. Molecular dating analysis suggests a late Eocene divergence time for the Ipomoeeae. The two clades within the tribe, Argyreiinae and Astripomoeinae, diversified at similar times. Reconstructed most recent common ancestor of the Ipomoeeae had blue flowers, an association with ergot-producing fungi, and either tuberous or fibrous roots. Conclusions: Phylogenetic results provide confidence in relationships among Ipomoeeae lineages. Divergence time estimation results provide a temporal context for diversification of morning glories. Ancestral character reconstructions support previous findings that morning glory morphology is evolutionarily labile. Taken together, our study provides strong resolution of the morning glory phylogeny, which is broadly applicable to the evolution and ecology of these fascinating species. C1 [Eserman, Lauren A.; Leebens-Mack, Jim H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Tiley, George P.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jarret, Robert L.] USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Miller, Richard E.] SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. RP Eserman, LA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM leserman@plantbio.uga.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0830009] FX We thank D. Spooner and one anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on this manuscript. We are grateful to J. McNeal and C. Liu for technical assistance. We also thank M. Chester, S. Major, and A. Wells for assistance with chloroplast enrichments and DNA extractions and P. Melech, B. Self, S. Ayyampalayam, and A. Harkess for bioinformatic support. The authors thank the National Science Foundation for funding this work through a Research Opportunity Awards (ROA) supplement to grant DEB-0830009. NR 114 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 31 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 EI 1537-2197 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 101 IS 1 BP 92 EP 103 DI 10.3732/ajb.1300207 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN2YD UT WOS:000340451100009 PM 24375828 ER PT J AU Fritz, BK Hoffmann, WC Bagley, WE Kruger, GR Czaczyk, Z Henry, RS AF Fritz, Bradley K. Hoffmann, W. C. Bagley, W. E. Kruger, G. R. Czaczyk, Zbigniew Henry, R. S. TI MEASURING DROPLET SIZE OF AGRICULTURAL SPRAY NOZZLES-MEASUREMENT DISTANCE AND AIRSPEED EFFECTS SO ATOMIZATION AND SPRAYS LA English DT Article DE spray atomization; laser diffraction; droplet size; agricultural sprays; application technology ID MALVERN LASER-DIFFRACTION; DEPOSITION; DISTRIBUTIONS; REQUIREMENTS; DRIFT AB With a number of new spray testing laboratories going into operation and each gearing up to measure spray atomization from agricultural spray nozzles using laser diffraction, establishing and following a set of scientific standard procedures is crucial to long-term data generation and standardization across the industry. It has long been recognized that while offering ease of use as compared to other methods, laser diffraction measurements do not account for measurement bias effects due to differential velocities between differing sized spray droplets, and in many cases significantly overestimate the fine droplet portion of the spray. Droplet sizes and velocities were measured for three agricultural flat fan nozzles (8002, 8008, and 6510) each at three spray pressures (138, 276, and 414 kPa) at four downstream distances (15.2, 30.5, 45.7, and 76.2 cm) across a range of concurrent air velocities (0.7-80.5 m/s). At air velocities below 6.7 m/s, large gradients in droplet velocities resulted in overestimation of both the 10% volume diameter (D-v0.1) by more than 10% and the percent volume of the spray less than 100 mu m (V-<100) was overestimated two-to three-fold. The optimal measurement distance to reduce droplet measurement bias to less than 5% was found to be 30.5 cm with a concurrent air velocity of 6.7 m/s for measuring droplet size from ground nozzles. For aerial spray nozzles, the optimal distance was 45.7 cm. Use of these methods provides for more accurate droplet size data for use in efficacy testing and drift assessments, and significantly increases inter-lab reproducibility. C1 [Fritz, Bradley K.; Hoffmann, W. C.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Bagley, W. E.] Wilbur Ellis, San Antonio, TX 75289 USA. [Kruger, G. R.; Henry, R. S.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. RP Fritz, BK (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM brad.fritz@ars.usda.gov FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program - U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). NR 25 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 12 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1044-5110 EI 1936-2684 J9 ATOMIZATION SPRAY JI Atom. Sprays PY 2014 VL 24 IS 9 BP 747 EP 760 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA AN3UG UT WOS:000340513600001 ER PT J AU Choate, BA Lundgren, JG AF Choate, Beth A. Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI Protein-marking-based assessment of infield predator dispersal SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE predator movement; indirect ELISA; collection technique ID GENERALIST PREDATORS; MOVEMENT; CROP; AGROECOSYSTEM; PATTERNS AB Understanding infield predator dispersal is crucial for designing predator conservation programmes. A study aimed at evaluating methods of collecting insects in protein-marking studies and monitoring predator movement was conducted. Results indicate that collection by sweep net does not result in false positives and predator groups displayed distinct dispersal patterns. C1 [Choate, Beth A.; Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Choate, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM bchoate@allegheny.edu FU Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [US-4318-10R] FX This work was supported by the Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (Project No. US-4318-10R). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1183 EP 1187 DI 10.1080/09583157.2014.913282 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AN3GK UT WOS:000340473600002 ER PT J AU Pratt, PD Wright, SA Makinson, JR Purcell, MF Center, TD Rayamajhi, MB AF Pratt, Paul D. Wright, Susan A. Makinson, Jeffrey R. Purcell, Matthew F. Center, Ted D. Rayamajhi, Min B. TI The broad host range of Metharmostis multilineata precludes its use as a biological control agent of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE host specificity; physiological host range; Myrtaceae; Cosmopterigidae ID MYRTACEAE AB Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is an invasive weed in Florida and Hawaii, USA. Host range testing indicates that the stem-mining lepidopteran Metharmostis multilineata, collected from Hong Kong, China aggressively feeds and completes development on R. tomentosa as well as New World species in three other genera. The unsuitability of M. multilineata as a biological control agent and details of the newly described species' biology are addressed. C1 [Pratt, Paul D.; Center, Ted D.; Rayamajhi, Min B.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Wright, Susan A.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Gainesville, FL USA. [Makinson, Jeffrey R.; Purcell, Matthew F.] USDA ARS, Australian Biol Control Lab, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Paul.Pratt@ars.usda.gov RI Purcell, Matthew/C-2098-2008; Makinson, Jeffrey/M-7031-2014 OI Makinson, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9870-5866 FU South Florida Water Management District; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission FX This research was supported, in part, by grants from the South Florida Water Management District and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1188 EP 1191 DI 10.1080/09583157.2014.914153 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AN3GK UT WOS:000340473600003 ER PT J AU Sivapatham, P Lettimore, JM Alva, AK Jayaraman, K Harper, LM AF Sivapatham, Paramasivam Lettimore, Jon M. Alva, Ashok K. Jayaraman, Kuppuswamy Harper, Legia M. TI Chemical fractionation of Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb in sewage sludge amended soils at the end of 65-d sorghum-sudan grass growth SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Chemical fractionation; sewage sludge; soil amendment; sorghum-sudan grass ID TRACE-METAL CHEMISTRY; HEAVY-METALS; ZINC; COPPER; EXTRACTABILITY; ACCUMULATION; CADMIUM; EXTRACTION; SPECIATION; NICKEL AB Heavy metals are potentially toxic to human life and the environment. Metal toxicity depends on chemical associations in soil. Understanding the chemical association of trace elements in soils amended with biosolids is very important since it determines their availability within rhizosphere and mobility beyond the rhizosphere. A sequential extraction method was used to determine the various chemical associations [labile (exchangeable + sorbed), organic, carbonates, and sulfides] of Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb at the end of sorghum-sudan grass growth (65d) in Candler fine sand (pH = 6.8) and in Ogeechee loamy sand (pH = 5.2) amended with wastewater treatment sludge (WWTS) obtained from two different sources at application rates of 0, 24.7, 49.4, 98.8, and 148.2 Mg ha(-1). Results of this study indicated that irrespective of the soil type, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Pb in the labile fractions (exchangeable C sorbed) were in the range of 0-3.0 mg kg(-1) and the amount for Zn was in the range of 0.2-6.6 mg kg(-1). Therefore, their availability to plants and mobility beyond rhizosphere would be substantially low unless further transformations occur from other fractions. Results also indicated that the presence of substantial amounts of trace elements studied were in sulfide (HNO3) fraction and in organic (NaOH) fraction irrespective of soil type with the exception of Pb which was mainly present as carbonate (Na(2)EDTA) fraction and the remaining Pb equally as sulfide (HNO3) and organic (NaOH) fractions. Furthermore, results indicated that Cd was mainly present as carbonate (Na(2)EDTA) fraction. Irrespective of soil type, source and rate of WWTS application, summation of quantities of various fractions of all the trace elements studied through sequential extraction procedure were 1 to 25 % lower than that of total recoverable quantities of these trace elements determined on acid digestion described by US EPA method 3050 B. It was further evident that growing sorghum sudan grass for 65-d following the application of WWTS either depleted labile fractions or shifted the solid phases containing the trace elements in soils away from those extractable with more severe reagents, such as 4M HNO3 to those extractable with milder reagents such as dilute NaOH and Na(2)EDTA. C1 [Sivapatham, Paramasivam; Lettimore, Jon M.; Jayaraman, Kuppuswamy; Harper, Legia M.] Savannah State Univ, Coll Sci & Technol, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. [Alva, Ashok K.] USDA ARS, Pacific West Area, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Sivapatham, P (reprint author), Savannah State Univ, Dept Engn Technol, Coll Sci & Technol, POB 20089, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. EM siva@savannahstate.edu FU U.S. Department of Education; Department of Energy; Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was partially supported by Title III program of the U.S. Department of Education, the Department of Energy and the Environmental Protection Agency. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-4529 EI 1532-4117 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. PY 2014 VL 49 IS 11 BP 1304 EP 1315 DI 10.1080/10934529.2014.910069 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN1UM UT WOS:000340369200013 PM 24967564 ER PT J AU Riedell, WE AF Riedell, Walter E. TI NITROGEN FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS TO MAIZE AFTER ALFALFA: GRAIN YIELD, KERNEL COMPOSITION, AND PLANT MINERAL NUTRIENTS SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE crop rotation; kernel composition; plant essential mineral elements ID CROP-ROTATION; SOIL FERTILITY; CORN; AVAILABILITY; ACCUMULATION; PHOSPHORUS; POTASSIUM; NUTRITION; RESPONSES; PATTERNS AB Nitrogen (N) is often applied to first year maize (Zea mays L.) after alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) at rates greater than needed to attain maximum yields. This study explored other potential benefits of excess N fertilizer applications to maize after alfalfa. Effects of N fertilizer (no N fertilizer, 73, or 135 kg N ha(-1)) to maize after alfalfa on stalk dry weight, stalk mineral concentrations [N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)], grain yield, and kernel components (protein, oil, starch, P, and K) were investigated. Fertilizer N increased stalk N concentration but not stalk dry weight. Grain yields and yields of protein, oil, starch, P, and K kernel components, expressed on a kg ha(-1) basis, were also unaffected by N fertilizer treatments. Thus, there appears to be no advantage, in terms of yield or kernel components, in applying N fertilizer to maize after alfalfa under the environments experienced during this two year field experiment. C1 ARS, USDA, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Riedell, WE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, North Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Mediary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM walter.riedell@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 EI 1532-4087 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2014 VL 37 IS 12 BP 2026 EP 2035 DI 10.1080/01904167.2014.911892 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN2NV UT WOS:000340423500009 ER PT B AU Salas, JD Govindaraju, RS Anderson, M Arabi, M Frances, F Suarez, W Lavado-Casimiro, WS Green, TR AF Salas, Jose D. Govindaraju, Rao S. Anderson, Michael Arabi, Mazdak Frances, Felix Suarez, Wilson Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo S. Green, Timothy R. BE Wang, LK Yang, CT TI Introduction to Hydrology SO MODERN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING SE Handbook of Environmental Engineering LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter DE Hydrologic cycle; Hydroclimatology; Precipitation; Streamflow; Soil moisture; Glaciology; Hydrologic statistics; Watershed modeling; Hydrologic data acquisition ID REGIONAL FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT; SURFACE SOIL-MOISTURE; SATELLITE RAINFALL PRODUCTS; PRECIPITATION ANALYSIS TMPA; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; US LANDFALLING HURRICANES; FRACTIONAL GAUSSIAN-NOISE AB Hydrology deals with the occurrence, movement, and storage of water in the earth system. Hydrologic science comprises understanding the underlying physical and stochastic processes involved and estimating the quantity and quality of water in the various phases and stores. The study of hydrology also includes quantifying the effects of such human interventions on the natural system at watershed, river basin, regional, country, continental, and global scales. The process of water circulating from precipitation in the atmosphere falling to the ground, traveling through a river basin (or through the entire earth system), and then evaporating back to the atmosphere is known as the hydrologic cycle. This introductory chapter includes seven subjects, namely, hydroclimatology, surface water hydrology, soil hydrology, glacier hydrology, watershed and river basin modeling, risk and uncertainty analysis, and data acquisition and information systems. The emphasis is on recent developments particularly on the role that atmospheric and climatic processes play in hydrology, the advances in hydrologic modeling of watersheds, the experiences in applying statistical concepts and laws for dealing with risk and uncertainty and the challenges encountered in dealing with nonstationarity, and the use of newer technology (particularly spaceborne sensors) for detecting and estimating the various components of the hydrologic cycle such as precipitation, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration. C1 [Salas, Jose D.; Arabi, Mazdak; Green, Timothy R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Govindaraju, Rao S.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Anderson, Michael] Calif Dept Water Resources, Div Flood Management, Sacramento, CA USA. [Frances, Felix] Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Hydraul & Environm Engn, Valencia, Spain. [Suarez, Wilson; Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo S.] Natl Serv Meteorol & Hydrol SENAMHI, Lima, Peru. [Suarez, Wilson; Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo S.] Natl Agrarian Univ La Molina, Lima, Peru. [Green, Timothy R.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Salas, JD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 462 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-62703-595-8; 978-1-62703-594-1 J9 HANDB ENVIRON ENG PY 2014 VL 15 BP 1 EP 126 DI 10.1007/978-1-62703-595-8_1 D2 10.1007/978-1-62703-595-8 PG 126 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA BA8ZD UT WOS:000339047300002 ER PT J AU Anderson, DM Estell, RE Holechek, JL Ivey, S Smith, GB AF Anderson, Dean M. Estell, Rick E. Holechek, Jerry L. Ivey, Shanna Smith, Geoffrey B. TI Virtual herding for flexible livestock management - a review SO RANGELAND JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE grazing systems; hoof-action; livestock management; paddocks; pastures; plant-animal interface; rumen dynamics; stocking rate ID CATTLE GRAZING BEHAVIOR; TILLER DEFOLIATION PATTERNS; SHORT-DURATION; STOCKING RATE; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; PADDOCK SIZE; VEGETATION RESPONSE; METHANE EMISSIONS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR AB Free-ranging livestock play a pivotal role globally in the conversion of plant tissue into products and services that support man's many and changing lifestyles. With domestication came the task of providing livestock with an adequate plane of nutrition while simultaneously managing vegetation for sustainable production. Attempting to meld these two seemingly opposing management goals continues to be a major focus of rangeland research. Demand for multiple goods and services from rangelands today requires that livestock production make the smallest possible 'negative hoof-print'. Advancements in global navigation satellite system, geographic information systems, and electronic/computing technologies, coupled with improved understanding of animal behaviour, positions virtual fencing (VF) as an increasingly attractive option for managing free-ranging livestock. VF offers an alternative to conventional fencing by replacing physical barriers with sensory cues to control an animal's forward movement. Currently, audio and electrical stimulation are the cues employed. When VF becomes a commercial reality, manual labour will be replaced in large part with cognitive labour for real-time prescription-based livestock distribution management that is robust, accurate, precise and flexible. The goal is to manage rangeland ecosystems optimally for soils, plants, herbivores in addition to the plant and animal's microflora. However, maximising the benefits of VF will require a paradigm shift in management by using VF as a 'virtual herder' rather than simply as a tool to manage livestock within static physical barriers. C1 [Anderson, Dean M.; Estell, Rick E.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Holechek, Jerry L.; Ivey, Shanna] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Smith, Geoffrey B.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Anderson, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM deanders@nmsu.edu NR 217 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 30 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1036-9872 EI 1834-7541 J9 RANGELAND J JI Rangeland J. PY 2014 VL 36 IS 3 BP 205 EP 221 DI 10.1071/RJ13092 PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN0JO UT WOS:000340270900001 ER PT J AU Davis, EJ Moseley, C Nielsen-Pincus, M Jakes, PJ AF Davis, Emily Jane Moseley, Cassandra Nielsen-Pincus, Max Jakes, Pamela J. TI The Community Economic Impacts of Large Wildfires: A Case Study from Trinity County, California SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE economic impacts; forest communities; labor markets; large wildfires; suppression spending ID EMPLOYMENT; WAGES AB Wildfires are increasing in severity and frequency in the American West, but there is limited understanding of their economic effects at the community level. We conducted a case study of the impacts of large wildfires in 2008 in Trinity County, California, by examining labor market, suppression spending, and qualitative interview data. We found that the 2008 fires had interrelated effects on several economic sectors in the county. Labor market data indicated a decrease in total private-sector employment and wages and an increase in public-sector employment and wages during the summer of 2008 compared to the previous year, while interviews captured more nuanced impacts for individual businesses. C1 [Davis, Emily Jane] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Moseley, Cassandra] Univ Oregon, Inst Sustainable Environm, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Nielsen-Pincus, Max] Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Jakes, Pamela J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. RP Davis, EJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Coll Forestry, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ejdavis@uoregon.edu NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 EI 1521-0723 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2014 VL 27 IS 9 BP 983 EP 993 DI 10.1080/08941920.2014.905812 PG 11 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA AN2ZD UT WOS:000340453700006 ER PT B AU Grewell, BJ Baye, PR Fiedler, PL AF Grewell, Brenda J. Baye, Peter R. Fiedler, Peggy L. BE Moyle, PB Manfree, AD Fiedler, PL TI Shifting Mosaics: Vegetation of Suisun Marsh SO SUISUN MARSH: ECOLOGICAL HISTORY AND POSSIBLE FUTURES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; ALKALI BULRUSH SEED; SEA-LEVEL RISE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TIDAL MARSH; NORTH-AMERICA; SALT MARSHES; SARCOCORNIA-PACIFICA; WETLAND MANAGEMENT; BRACKISH MARSH C1 [Grewell, Brenda J.] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fiedler, Peggy L.] Univ Calif Nat Reserve Syst, UC Off President, Oakland, CA USA. RP Grewell, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bjgrewell@ucdavis.edu; baye@earthlink.net; peggy.fiedler@ucop.edu NR 135 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-27608-6; 978-0-520-95732-9 PY 2014 BP 65 EP 101 PG 37 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BB0GX UT WOS:000340172400005 ER PT J AU Miller, DR Rung, A Parikh, G AF Miller, Douglass R. Rung, Alessandra Parikh, Grishma TI Scale Insects, edition 2, a tool for the identification of potential pest scales at U.S.A. ports-of-entry (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Agricultural pest; Coccoidea; Interactive key; Identification tool; Lucid; Scale insects ID INTERACTIVE KEY; MEALYBUG GENUS; US AGRICULTURE; HOM-COCCOIDEA; PSEUDOCOCCIDAE; REVISION; COCCIDAE; THREAT AB We provide a general overview of features and technical specifications of an online, interactive tool for the identification of scale insects of concern to the U. S. A. ports-of-entry. Full lists of terminal taxa included in the keys (of which there are four), a list of features used in them, and a discussion of the structure of the tool are provided. We also briefly discuss the advantages of interactive keys for the identification of potential scale insect pests. The interactive key is freely accessible on http://idtools.org/id/scales/index.php C1 [Miller, Douglass R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rung, Alessandra; Parikh, Grishma] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Parikh, Grishma] Calif Agr Support Serv, Sacramento, CA 95811 USA. RP Rung, A (reprint author), Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. EM arung@cdfa.ca.gov NR 58 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2014 IS 431 BP 61 EP 78 DI 10.3897/zookeys.431.7474 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AN6BF UT WOS:000340677800005 PM 25152668 ER PT S AU Peterson, DL Wolken, JM Hollingsworth, TN Giardina, CP Littell, JS Joyce, LA Swanston, CW Handler, SD Rustad, LE McNulty, SG AF Peterson, David L. Wolken, Jane M. Hollingsworth, Teresa N. Giardina, Christian P. Littell, Jeremy S. Joyce, Linda A. Swanston, Christopher W. Handler, Stephen D. Rustad, Lindsey E. McNulty, Steven G. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Regional Highlights of Climate Change SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NORTHEASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; KENAI PENINSULA LOWLANDS; BLACK SPRUCE FOREST; SOIL BURN SEVERITY; BOREAL FOREST; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; INTERIOR ALASKA; GLOBAL-CHANGE C1 [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Wolken, Jane M.] Univ Alaska, Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Hollingsworth, Teresa N.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Hilo, HI USA. [Littell, Jeremy S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Joyce, Linda A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Swanston, Christopher W.; Handler, Stephen D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI USA. [Rustad, Lindsey E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. [McNulty, Steven G.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM peterson@fs.fed.us; jmwolken@alaska.edu; thollingsworth@fs.fed.us; cgiardina@fs.fed.us; jlittell@usgs.gov; ljoyce@fs.fed.us; cswanston@fs.fed.us; sdhandler@fs.fed.us; lrustad@fs.fed.us; smcnulty@fs.fed.us NR 165 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 113 EP 148 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_6 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 36 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600008 ER PT S AU Patel-Weynand, T Peterson, DL Vose, JM AF Patel-Weynand, Toral Peterson, David L. Vose, James M. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Research and Assessment in the Twenty-First Century SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Patel-Weynand, Toral] US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM tpatelweynand@fs.fed.us; peterson@fs.fed.us; jvose@fs.fed.us NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_10 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 6 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600012 ER PT J AU Mao, YH Li, QB Chen, D Zhang, L Hao, WM Liou, KN AF Mao, Y. H. Li, Q. B. Chen, D. Zhang, L. Hao, W. -M. Liou, K. -N. TI Top-down estimates of biomass burning emissions of black carbon in the Western United States SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TERM CLIMATE-CHANGE; AIR-QUALITY; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; BURNED-AREA; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; METEOROLOGICAL DATA; WILDFIRE ACTIVITY; ELEMENTAL CARBON; MOIST CONVECTION AB We estimate biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions of black carbon (BC) in the western US for May-October 2006 by inverting surface BC concentrations from the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environment (IMPROVE) network using a global chemical transport model. We first use active fire counts from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to improve the spatiotemporal distributions of the biomass burning BC emissions from the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFEDv2). The adjustment primarily shifts emissions from late to middle and early summer (a 33% decrease in September-October and a 56% increase in June-August) and leads to appreciable increases in modeled surface BC concentrations in early and middle summer, especially at the 1-2 and 2-3 km altitude ranges. We then conduct analytical inversions at both 2 degrees x 2.5 degrees and 0.5 degrees x 0.667 degrees (nested over North America) horizontal resolutions. The a posteriori biomass burning BC emissions for July-September are 31.7 Gg at 2 degrees x 2.5 degrees (an increase by a factor of 4.7) and 19.2 Gg at 0.5 degrees x 0.667 degrees (an increase by a factor of 2.8). The inversion results are rather sensitive to model resolution. The a posteriori biomass burning emissions at the two model resolutions differ by a factor of similar to 6 in California and the Southwest and by a factor of 2 in the Pacific Northwest. The corresponding a posteriori anthropogenic BC emissions are 9.1 Gg at 2 degrees x 2.5 degrees (a decrease of 48 %) and 11.2 Gg at 0.5 degrees x 0.667 degrees (a decrease of 36 %). Simulated surface BC concentrations with the a posteriori emissions capture the observed major fire episodes at most sites and the substantial enhancements at the 1-2 and 2-3 km altitude ranges. The a posteriori emissions also lead to large bias reductions (by similar to 30% on average at both model resolutions) in modeled surface BC concentrations and significantly better agreement with observations (increases in Taylor skill scores of 95% at 2 degrees x 2.5 degrees and 42% at 0.5 degrees x 0.667 degrees). C1 [Mao, Y. H.; Li, Q. B.; Chen, D.; Zhang, L.; Liou, K. -N.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Li, Q. B.; Chen, D.; Zhang, L.; Liou, K. -N.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Hao, W. -M.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Li, QB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM qli@atmos.ucla.edu RI ZHANG, LI/C-6743-2015; Chen, Dan/R-4486-2016 FU NASA, Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP) [NNX09AF07G]; NASA ACMAP program FX This research was supported by NASA grant NNX09AF07G from the Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP). The GEOS-Chem model is managed by the Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling group at Harvard University with support from the NASA ACMAP program. We thank J. Randerson, D. Henze, M. Kopacz, Z. Li, Y. Chen, L. Zhang, J. Fisher, and Q. Wang for helpful discussions. We thank three reviewers and editor for helpful suggestions and comments. NR 103 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 14 BP 7195 EP 7211 DI 10.5194/acp-14-7195-2014 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AM5XR UT WOS:000339934900006 ER PT J AU Bakst, MR Wade, AJ AF Bakst, Murray R. Wade, Alexander J. TI New observations regarding staging turkey embryos from oviposition through primitive streak formation SO AVIAN BIOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE poultry; turkey; embryo staging; blastoderm; turkey embryo ID EGG STORAGE; CHICK QUALITY; HATCHABILITY; HYPOBLAST; BLASTODERM; INCUBATION; APOPTOSIS; ENDODERM; CLEAVAGE AB The normal developmental sequence of the turkey embryo from the initial cleavage divisions through hypoblast formation has been described previously in 11 separate stages based on the progressive morphological differentiation of the embryo (Gupta and Bakst, Turkey embryo staging from cleavage through hypoblast formation. J. Morphol., 217, 313-325, 1993). However, in recent preliminary studies, our attempts to apply this stage table to describe the stages of embryo development were not successful. Therefore, we re-evaluated the development sequence of the turkey using eggs obtained from modern day commercial lines. Embryos from unincubated eggs and eggs incubated at different time intervals up to 25 hour were examined. In contrast to the observations by Gupta and Bakst, embryos from unincubated eggs lack an area pellucida (AP) but are characterised by dense clusters of cells that do not begin to dissipate and begin forming the AP until after 3-4 hours of incubation. Koller's sickle may or may not be present prior to and during hypoblast formation. Based on these new observations, a revised stage table including the above observations is presented to reflect more accurately the development of the modern commercial turkey embryo. C1 [Bakst, Murray R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wade, Alexander J.] Aviagen Turkeys Vet Lab, EW Grp, Stapleford CH3 8HR, Tarvin, England. RP Bakst, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM murray.bakst@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD PI ST ALBANS PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 1758-1559 EI 1758-1567 J9 AVIAN BIOL RES JI Avian Biol. Res. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 2 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.3184/175815514X13981781200562 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Ornithology; Zoology SC Agriculture; Zoology GA AM9QW UT WOS:000340217100005 ER PT B AU Wang, XF Li, BY AF Wang, Xianfeng Li, Bingyun BE Ding, B Yu, J TI Electrospun Nanofibrous Sorbents and Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Capture SO ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS SE Nanostructure Science and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; CO2 CAPTURE; ACTIVATED CARBON; IONIC LIQUIDS; ADSORPTION PROPERTIES; FIBROUS ADSORBENT; SOLID SORBENTS; GAS SEPARATION; MOF MEMBRANES; AMINO-ACID AB CO2 emission resulting from combustion of fossil fuel is a major anthropogenic factor for global warming. Current commercial CO2 capture approaches using aqueous amine scrubbing require high energy consumption for regeneration which leads to significantly decreased efficiency. Therefore, novel CO2 capture materials and technologies for economical CO2 capture are of the utmost importance. Nanofibers, mainly fabricated by electrospinning, have unique porous structure, high surface area, and good mechanical properties thereby exhibit potential as advanced sorbents for CO2 capture and storage. More significantly, nanofiber-based sorbents are expected to have extremely low resistance for gas transport and extremely fast kinetics due to the unique structure of nanofibers. In this chapter, we summarize recent progress in the development of electrospun nanofibrous sorbents or membranes (e.g., nanofiber-supported metal-organic frameworks, carbon nanofibers, ionic liquid-based nanofibrous membranes, metal oxide nanofibers, etc.) for CO2 capture, describe the types of nanofibrous materials that have been developed, and discuss their fabrication variables and CO2 adsorption performance in detail. This chapter may pave the way for developing advanced nanofibrous sorbents for CO2 capture from power plants and even the atmosphere. C1 [Wang, Xianfeng; Li, Bingyun] USDA, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Wang, Xianfeng; Li, Bingyun] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Li, BY (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM bili@hsc.wvu.edu NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-3-642-54160-5; 978-3-642-54159-9 J9 NANOSTRUCT SCI TECHN PY 2014 BP 249 EP 263 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-54160-5_10 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-54160-5 PG 15 WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Polymer Science GA BA7WU UT WOS:000337826300011 ER PT J AU Pearsall, KR Williams, LE Castorani, S Bleby, TM McElrone, AJ AF Pearsall, Kyle R. Williams, Larry E. Castorani, Sean Bleby, Tim M. McElrone, Andrew J. TI Evaluating the potential of a novel dual heat-pulse sensor to measure volumetric water use in grapevines under a range of flow conditions SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat pulse velocity; sap flow; Vitis vinifera; weighing lysimetry ID THOMPSON SEEDLESS GRAPEVINES; SCHEDULE VINEYARD IRRIGATION; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; VITIS-VINIFERA L.; SAP FLUX-DENSITY; BALANCE METHOD; REVERSE FLOWS; WOODY-PLANTS; TREES; TRANSPIRATION AB The aim of this study was to validate a novel, dual sap-flow sensor that combines two heat-pulse techniques in a single set of sensor probes to measure volumetric water use over the full range of sap flows found in grapevines. The heat ratio method (HRM), which works well at measuring low and reverse flows, was combined with the compensation heat-pulse method (CHPM) that captures moderate to high flows. Sap-flow measurements were performed on Vitis vinifera L. (cvv. Thompson seedless, Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon) grapevines growing in a greenhouse and in three different vineyards, one of which contained a field weighing lysimeter. The combined heat-pulse techniques closely tracked diurnal grapevine water use determined through lysimetry in two growing seasons, and this was true even at very high flow rates (>6L vine(-1)h(-1) for Thompson seedless vines in the weighing lysimeter). Measurements made with the HRM technique under low flow conditions were highly correlated (R-2 similar to 0.90) with those calculated using the compensated average gradient method that is used to resolve low flow with the CHPM method. Volumetric water use determined with the dual heat-pulse sensors was highly correlated with hourly lysimeter water use in both years (R-2=0.92 and 0.94 in 2008 and 2009 respectively), but the nature of the relationship was inconsistent among replicate sensors. Similar results were obtained when comparing grapevine water use determined from sap-flow sensors to miniaturised weighing lysimetry of 2-year-old potted vines and to meteorological estimates for field-grown vines in two additional vineyards. The robust nature of all of the correlations demonstrates that the dual heat-pulse sensors can be used to effectively track relative changes in plant water use, but variability of flow around stems makes it difficult to accurately convert to sap-flow volumes. C1 [Pearsall, Kyle R.; Williams, Larry E.; Castorani, Sean; McElrone, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Williams, Larry E.] Kearney Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Castorani, Sean; McElrone, Andrew J.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bleby, Tim M.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Bleby, Tim M.] Astron Environm Serv, East Perth, WA 6004, Australia. RP McElrone, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ajmcelrone@ucdavis.edu FU American Vineyard Foundation; Viticulture Consortium; California Competitive Grant Program for Research in Viticulture and Enology; US Department of Agriculture's Sustainable Viticulture CRIS [5306-21220-004-00] FX This research was funded in part by grants from the American Vineyard Foundation, Viticulture Consortium and California Competitive Grant Program for Research in Viticulture and Enology, and the US Department of Agriculture's Sustainable Viticulture CRIS (Research Project #5306-21220-004-00). We would like to thank Dr Steve Green for providing us with the Fortran model needed for developing wounding corrections. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2014 VL 41 IS 8 BP 874 EP 883 DI 10.1071/FP13156 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AM8XH UT WOS:000340162000010 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF AF Spencer, David F. TI Evaluation of stem injection for managing giant reed (Arundo donax) SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate; imazapyr; stem injection efficacy; clonal growth; SPAD ID LEAF QUALITY; REPRODUCTION; GLYPHOSATE; POACEAE; GROWTH; L. AB Giant reed is an emergent aquatic plant that may be weedy in riparian habitats. Two herbicides approved for controlling giant reed in the US are glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) and imazapyr (2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid). Foliar applications of these herbicides may be restricted in some areas, such as those, which are within the range of threatened or endangered species. We conducted two field experiments at sites in northern and central California. The first experiment evaluated the effects of three aquatic herbicides (glyphosate, imazapyr, and triclopyr [(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]acetic acid) injected into all of the stems within a giant reed (5mL stem(-1)). In this experiment, leaf chlorophyll content, the proportion of living stems, and the number of new stems produced during the year after treatment declined (>80%) following injection of either full strength glyphosate or imazapyr. The effects of injecting full strength triclopyr were considerably less. In a second experiment, different proportions (0, 10%, 25%, or 100%) of the stems within a plant were injected with full strength glyphosate. Results indicated that it was necessary to inject all of the stems within a clump to achieve the greatest reduction in the plant growth characteristics measured. These results imply that giant reed may be successfully controlled by injecting full strength glyphosate (5mL stem(-1)) into all of the stems within a clump. While labor intensive and thus potentially more costly this method, offers a new method for managing giant reed in sensitive sites where foliar spray applications may be restricted. C1 [Spencer, David F.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dept Plant Sci, MS 4,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM david.spencer@ars.usda.gov FU CALFED; Team Arundo del Norte FX We appreciate the comments of Bob Blank and Mike Pitcairn who read an earlier version of this manuscript. This research was supported in part by CALFED and Team Arundo del Norte. Mention of a manufacturer does not constitute a warranty or guarantee of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture nor an endorsement over other products not mentioned. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 EI 1532-4109 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2014 VL 49 IS 9 BP 633 EP 638 DI 10.1080/03601234.2014.922397 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN0AC UT WOS:000340242200001 PM 25035911 ER PT J AU Iakovoglou, V Parkin, TB Hall, RB Misra, MK AF Iakovoglou, Valasia Parkin, Timothy B. Hall, Richard B. Misra, Manjit K. TI Gas chromatograph analysis on closed nitrous oxide and air atmospheres of recalcitrant Quercus alba seeds SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE atmospheric storage; gas chromatograph; nitrous oxide; Quercus alba; recalcitrant; seed respiration ID ARAUCARIA-HUNSTEINII SEED; BOVINE HEART; STORAGE; VARIABLES; AXES; TREE AB Storage of recalcitrant seeds remains an unsolved problem. The study of gaseous atmospheres could provide insights in understanding the metabolism of recalcitrant seeds and their potential in being used as means for storage. This study investigated the metabolism of the recalcitrant Quercus alba seeds when subjected under nitrous oxide (N2O) and air atmospheres. Seeds were placed in sealed atmospheric flasks of 98/2% N2O/O-2. Three experiments were conducted to determine N2O uptake in relation to oxygen (O-2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. For the first experiment, "non-renewed" closed atmospheric systems with 98/2% N2O/O-2 and air were used. Two more experiments were also conducted for the 98/2% N2O/O-2 atmosphere to determine how rate of gas renewal (two and seven days) affects the N2O, O-2, and CO2 gases quantitatively. Cumulative results on non-renewed flasks with 98/2% N2O/O-2 showed that as time progressed, N2O uptake increased with variation in the magnitude of N2O utilization throughout the 37 experimental days, while seeds ceased O-2 utilization by the 11th day. However, CO2 levels did not decrease, suggesting a shift toward fermentation processes. Finally, the two experiments for the 98/2% N2O/O-2 indicated that the O-2 levels did not deplete under a two-day gas renewal, suggesting a frequent gas renewal under low O-2 storage conditions. C1 [Iakovoglou, Valasia; Hall, Richard B.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Parkin, Timothy B.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Misra, Manjit K.] Iowa State Univ, Seed Sci Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Iakovoglou, V (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 339 Sci Hall 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM viakovoglou@yahoo.com FU Forestry Department; Seed Science Department of the Iowa State University (ISU) FX This paper was supported by funding that was provided by the Forestry Department and the Seed Science Department of the Iowa State University (ISU) and technical assistance through the lab utilities of the USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment of ISU. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0282-7581 EI 1651-1891 J9 SCAND J FOREST RES JI Scand. J. Forest Res. PY 2014 VL 29 IS 5 BP 415 EP 420 DI 10.1080/02827581.2014.915979 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AM5SU UT WOS:000339921400001 ER PT J AU McClintic, LF Wang, GM Taylor, JD Jones, JC AF McClintic, Lance F. Wang, Guiming Taylor, Jimmy D. Jones, Jeanne C. TI Movement characteristics of American beavers (Castor canadensis) SO BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE bimodal foraging distance; central place foraging; movement distance; optimal foraging ID SOUTHERN ILLINOIS; HOME-RANGE; UNEXPLOITED BEAVERS; ECOLOGY PARADIGM; FORAGING TRIPS; HABITAT USE; SPACE-USE; PATTERNS; DISPERSAL; MODELS AB Physiological states and foraging behaviors may shape movement patterns of animals. Optimal foraging theory and what we term the deliberate movement hypothesis predict that, to reduce predation risk, central place foragers should move faster with smaller turning angles the further they are from their central place. The complementary bimodal foraging trip hypothesis predicts that the distribution of foraging distances exhibited by central place foragers should be bimodal due to a trade-off between provisioning offspring and self-feeding. We used radio-telemetry to test these hypotheses for American beavers (Castor canadensis) in northern Alabama, United States. American beavers moved faster with increasing distance from lodges in wetland land cover but not in terrestrial land covers, partially supporting the deliberate movement hypothesis. Hourly distances moved from lodges were distributed bimodally during the breeding season, which supports the bimodal foraging trip hypothesis. Therefore, central place foraging may be a determinant of movement characteristics of American beavers. C1 [McClintic, Lance F.; Wang, Guiming; Jones, Jeanne C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Taylor, Jimmy D.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Oregon Field Stn, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Wang, GM (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mail Stop 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM gwang@cfr.msstate.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture APHIS National Wildlife Research Center; Berryman Institute East, Forest and Wildlife Research Center; Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture at Mississippi State University FX The authors are grateful to Amy Bleisch, Russell Singleton and Donivan Sphar for trapping and handling American beavers. Two anonymous reviewers made helpful comments on our manuscript. We thank Dr. Craig Willis for his comments on our manuscript. We would like to thank Kyle Marable, Matthew McKinney, Cody Rainer and Trent Danley for their volunteer assistance with field work. We also thank the Redstone Arsenal Environmental Management Division, specifically Christine Easterwood and Justin Pflueger, for their logistical assistance. Eric Wengert provided assistance in making Figure 1. This study was financially supported by United States Department of Agriculture APHIS National Wildlife Research Center, Berryman Institute East, Forest and Wildlife Research Center and Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture at Mississippi State University. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 47 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-7959 EI 1568-539X J9 BEHAVIOUR JI Behaviour PY 2014 VL 151 IS 9 BP 1249 EP 1265 DI 10.1163/1568539X-00003183 PG 17 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA AM4WU UT WOS:000339857700002 ER PT S AU Peterson, DL Marcinkowski, KW AF Peterson, David L. Marcinkowski, Kailey W. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Recent Changes in Climate and Forest Ecosystems SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; USA; CALIFORNIA; 20TH-CENTURY; WILDFIRE; DROUGHT; INTENSITY; MORTALITY C1 [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Marcinkowski, Kailey W.] Michigan Technol Univ, Northern Inst Appl Climate Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM peterson@fs.fed.us; kfmarcin@mtu.edu NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_1 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600003 ER PT S AU Peterson, DL Vose, JM Patel-Weynand, T AF Peterson, David L. Vose, James M. Patel-Weynand, Toral BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Climate Change and United States Forests Preface SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC USA. [Patel-Weynand, Toral] US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA USA. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP XI EP XIII D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 3 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600002 ER PT S AU Miniat, CF Peterson, DL AF Miniat, Chelcy F. Peterson, David L. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Projected Changes in Future Climate SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TRENDS; CYCLE; VARIABILITY; MODEL C1 [Miniat, Chelcy F.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM crford@fs.fed.us; peterson@fs.fed.us OI Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_2 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600004 ER PT S AU Ryan, MG Vose, JM Hanson, PJ Iverson, LR Miniat, CF Luce, CH Band, LE Klein, SL McKenzie, D Wear, DN AF Ryan, Michael G. Vose, James M. Hanson, Paul J. Iverson, Louis R. Miniat, Chelcy F. Luce, Charles H. Band, Lawrence E. Klein, Steven L. McKenzie, Don Wear, David N. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Forest Processes SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; PROJECTED CLIMATE-CHANGE; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CO2 ENRICHMENT FACE; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; ELEVATED CO2; LONG-TERM; SOIL RESPIRATION; TREE MORTALITY C1 [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27613 USA. [Hanson, Paul J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Iverson, Louis R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH USA. [Miniat, Chelcy F.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Otto, NC USA. [Luce, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Band, Lawrence E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Klein, Steven L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. [McKenzie, Don] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Wear, David N.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Vose, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27613 USA. EM mike.ryan@colostate.edu; jvose@fs.fed.us; hansonpj@ornl.gov; liverson@fs.fed.us; crford@fs.fed.us; cluce@fs.fed.us; lband@email.unc.edu; klein.steve@epa.gov; donaldmckenzie@fs.fed.us; dwear@fs.fed.us OI Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783 NR 176 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 25 EP 54 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_3 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 30 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600005 ER PT S AU Ayres, MP Hicke, JA Kerns, BK McKenzie, D Littell, JS Band, LE Luce, CH Weed, AS Raymond, CL AF Ayres, Matthew P. Hicke, Jeffrey A. Kerns, Becky K. McKenzie, Don Littell, Jeremy S. Band, Lawrence E. Luce, Charles H. Weed, Aaron S. Raymond, Crystal L. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Disturbance Regimes and Stressors SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLANT INVASIONS; SPRUCE BUDWORM C1 [Ayres, Matthew P.; Weed, Aaron S.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Hicke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Kerns, Becky K.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McKenzie, Don] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Littell, Jeremy S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Band, Lawrence E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Luce, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Raymond, Crystal L.] Seattle City Light, Seattle, WA USA. RP Ayres, MP (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM matt.ayres@dartmouth.edu; jhicke@uidaho.edu; bkerns@fs.fed.us; donaldmckenzie@fs.fed.us; jlittell@usgs.gov; lband@email.unc.edu; cluce@fs.fed.us; aaron.s.weed@dartmouth.edu; crystal.raymond@seattle.gov NR 216 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 55 EP 92 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_4 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 38 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600006 ER PT S AU Wear, DN Joyce, LA Butler, BJ Gaither, CJ Nowak, DJ Stewart, SI AF Wear, David N. Joyce, Linda A. Butler, Brett J. Gaither, Cassandra Johnson Nowak, David J. Stewart, Susan I. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Climate Change and Forest Values SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; UNITED-STATES; PROTECTED AREAS; VULNERABILITY; COMMUNITY; TREE; ADAPTATION; MANAGEMENT; RESOURCE; PEOPLE C1 [Wear, David N.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27613 USA. [Joyce, Linda A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Butler, Brett J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA USA. [Gaither, Cassandra Johnson] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. [Nowak, David J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Syracuse, NY USA. [Stewart, Susan I.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. RP Wear, DN (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27613 USA. EM dwear@fs.fed.us; ljoyce@fs.fed.us; bbutler01@fs.fed.us; cjohnson09@fs.fed.us; dnowak@fs.fed.us; sistewart@fs.fed.us NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 93 EP 112 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_5 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 20 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600007 ER PT S AU Skog, KE McKinley, DC Birdsey, RA Hines, SJ Woodall, CW Reinhardt, ED Vose, JM AF Skog, Kenneth E. McKinley, Duncan C. Birdsey, Richard A. Hines, Sarah J. Woodall, Christopher W. Reinhardt, Elizabeth D. Vose, James M. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Managing Carbon SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; LOBLOLLY-PINE PLANTATIONS; HARVESTED WOOD PRODUCTS; MIXED-SEVERITY WILDFIRE; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; LAND-USE CHANGE; FOREST MANAGEMENT; GREENHOUSE-GAS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FUEL TREATMENT C1 [Skog, Kenneth E.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [McKinley, Duncan C.] US Forest Serv, Natl Res & Dev Staff, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Birdsey, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Hines, Sarah J.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Reinhardt, Elizabeth D.] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Skog, KE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM kskog@fs.fed.us; dcmckinley@fs.fed.us; rbirdsey@fs.fed.us; shines@fs.fed.us; cwoodall@fs.fed.us; ereinhardt@fs.fed.us; jvose@fs.fed.us NR 158 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 151 EP 182 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_7 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 32 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600009 ER PT S AU Millar, CI Swanston, CW Peterson, DL AF Millar, Constance I. Swanston, Christopher W. Peterson, David L. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Adapting to Climate Change SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; VULNERABILITY; MANAGEMENT; ADAPTATION; FRAMEWORK; CALIFORNIA; CAPACITY; FUTURE C1 [Millar, Constance I.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Swanston, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us; cswanston@fs.fed.us; peterson@fs.fed.us NR 91 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 183 EP 222 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_8 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 40 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600010 ER PT S AU Ojima, DS Iverson, LR Sohngen, BL Vose, JM Woodall, CW Domke, GM Peterson, DL Littell, JS Matthews, SN Prasad, AM Peters, MP Yohe, G Friggens, MM AF Ojima, Dennis S. Iverson, Louis R. Sohngen, Brent L. Vose, James M. Woodall, Christopher W. Domke, Grant M. Peterson, David L. Littell, Jeremy S. Matthews, Stephen N. Prasad, Anantha M. Peters, Matthew P. Yohe, Garyw. Friggens, Megan M. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Risk Assessment SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST CARBON; HABITAT MODELS; FIRE; WILDFIRE; DISTURBANCES; MANAGEMENT C1 [Ojima, Dennis S.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Iverson, Louis R.; Matthews, Stephen N.; Prasad, Anantha M.; Peters, Matthew P.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH USA. [Sohngen, Brent L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Agr Environm & Dev Econ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.; Domke, Grant M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Littell, Jeremy S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Yohe, Garyw.] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Econ, Middletown, CT USA. [Friggens, Megan M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Ojima, DS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM dojima@nrel.colostate.edu; liverson@fs.fed.us; sohngen.1@osu.edu; jvose@fs.fed.us; cwoodall@fs.fed.us; gmdomke@fs.fed.us; peterson@fs.fed.us; jlittell@usgs.gov; snmatthews@fs.fed.us; aprasad@fs.fed.us; matthewpeters@fs.fed.us; gyohe@wesleyan.edu; meganfriggens@fs.fed.us NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 223 EP 244 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_9 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 22 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600011 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC AF Bragg, Don C. TI Continuous Improvement and the Journal of Forestry SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA Forest Serv, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. EM braggd@safnet.org NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 112 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 DI 10.5849/jof.13-600 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AM3TV UT WOS:000339776600001 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC AF Bragg, Don C. TI Accurately Measuring the Height of (Real) Forest Trees SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article C1 USDA Forest Serv, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. EM braggd@safnet.org NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 112 IS 1 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.5849/jof.13-065 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AM3TV UT WOS:000339776600011 ER PT J AU Dinh, PTY Zhang, LH Brown, CR Elling, AA AF Dinh, Phuong T. Y. Zhang, Linhai Brown, Charles R. Elling, Axel A. TI Plant-mediated RNA interference of effector gene Mc16D10L confers resistance against Meloidogyne chitwoodi in diverse genetic backgrounds of potato and reduces pathogenicity of nematode offspring SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Columbia root-knot nematode; molecular breeding; RNAi; root-knot nematode; transgenic; transmission; Solanum tuberosum ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INTROGRESSED RESISTANCE; SOLANUM-BULBOCASTANUM; PARASITIC NEMATODES; CULTIVATED POTATO; BREEDING LINES; TUBER MOTH; M-FALLAX; EXPRESSION AB Meloidogyne chitwoodi is a major problem for potato production in the Pacific Northwest of the USA. In spite of long-term breeding efforts no commercial potato cultivars with resistance to M. chitwoodi exist to date. The R-Mc1(blb) resistance gene against M. chitwoodi has been introgressed from Solanum bulbocastanum into cultivated potato (S. tuberosum), but M. chitwoodi pathotypes are able to overcome this resistance. In this study, an RNA interference (RNAi) transgene targeting the M. chitwoodi effector gene Mc16D10L was introduced into potato cvs Russet Burbank and Desiree, and the advanced breeding line PA99N82-4, which carries the R-Mc1(blb) gene. Stable transgenic lines were generated for glasshouse infection assays. At 35 days after inoculation (DAI) with M. chitwoodi race 1 the number of egg masses (g root)(-1) formed on RNAi lines of cvs Russet Burbank and Desiree was reduced significantly by up to 68% compared to empty vector control plants. At 55 DAI, the number of eggs was reduced significantly by up to 65%. In addition, RNAi of Mc16D10L significantly reduced the development of egg masses and eggs formed by the R-Mc1(blb) resistance-breaking M. chitwoodi pathotype Roza on PA99N82-4 by up to 47 and 44%, respectively. Importantly, the plant-mediated silencing effect of Mc16D10L was transmitted to M. chitwoodi offspring and significantly reduced pathogenicity in the absence of selection pressure on empty vector control plants. This finding suggests that the RNAi effect is stable and nematode infection decreases regardless of the genotype of the host once the RNAi process has been initiated in the nematode through a transgenic plant. In summary, plant-mediated down-regulation of effector gene Mc16D10L provides a promising new tool for molecular breeding against M. chitwoodi. C1 [Dinh, Phuong T. Y.; Elling, Axel A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zhang, Linhai; Brown, Charles R.] ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Elling, AA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM elling@wsu.edu OI Zhang, Linhai/0000-0003-1009-6870 FU USDA; Washington State Department of Agriculture; Washington State Potato Commission; Idaho Potato Commission; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Hatch Project, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA [0643, WNP00744] FX The authors thank Drs Richard Hussey and Eric Davis for the kind gift of pART27(16D10i-2) and CSIRO, Australia for providing vectors pHANNIBAL and pART27. We are grateful to Joseph Cardenas for technical assistance. This research was funded by USDA, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Washington State Potato Commission and Idaho Potato Commission. PPNS No. 0643, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Hatch Project No. WNP00744, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA. NR 61 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 26 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2014 VL 16 BP 669 EP 682 DI 10.1163/15685411-00002796 PN 6 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AM6OJ UT WOS:000339984200004 ER PT J AU Parajuli, G Kemerait, R Timper, P AF Parajuli, Gita Kemerait, Robert Timper, Patricia TI Improving suppression of Meloidogyne spp. by Purpureocillium lilacinum strain 251 SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea; biological control; cotton; cover crops; Gossypium hirsutum; maize; Paecilomyces lilacinus; peanut; Secale cereal; Trifolium incarnatum; Zea mays ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; WINTER COVER CROPS; PAECILOMYCES-LILACINUS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; VERTICILLIUM-CHLAMYDOSPORIUM; MONACROSPORIUM-LYSIPAGUM; NEMATOPHAGOUS FUNGUS; BIOCONTROL AGENT; HOST-PLANT AB The fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum (syn. Paecilomyces lilacinus) is marketed for control of plant-parasitic nematodes in several countries. Our objectives in this study were to determine whether suppression of Meloidogyne spp. by P lilacinum strain 251 was affected by the crop plant and whether growing winter cover crops such as rye and crimson clover would improve suppression of M. incognita on cotton by the fungus. All experiments were conducted in a glasshouse using non-sterilised field soil. To determine the relative efficacy of P. lilacinum on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and maize (Zea mays), four concentrations of P. lilacinum (NemOut (TM)) were applied in furrow: 336, 252, 168 and 0 g ha(-1). Although the fungus reduced numbers of eggs of Meloidogyne spp. on all crops, percentage suppression was lower on maize than on cotton and peanut at all inoculum levels of P lilacinum. When rye and crimson clover were grown in pots for 30 days and then killed with a herbicide prior to applying P. lilacinum and M. incognita and planting cotton, the fungus failed to suppress numbers of nematode eggs when the surface residues of the cover crops were removed. However, when the residues were left on the soil surface, percentage suppression (49% for clover and 63% for rye) was greater than when the soil was left fallow (36%). The residues could have created conditions that were more conducive than bare soil to the fungus, such as lower soil temperatures and increase moisture retention. C1 [Parajuli, Gita] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Kemerait, Robert] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Timper, Patricia] ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Timper, P (reprint author), ARS, USDA, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM patricia.timper@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2014 VL 16 BP 711 EP 717 DI 10.1163/15685411-00002799 PN 6 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AM6OJ UT WOS:000339984200007 ER PT J AU Matjuda, LE MacNeil, MD Maiwashetu, A Leesburg, VR Malatje, M AF Matjuda, L. E. MacNeil, M. D. Maiwashetu, A. Leesburg, V. R. Malatje, M. TI Index-in-retrospect and breeding objectives characterizing genetic improvement programmes for South African Nguni cattle SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Breeding goals; production systems; selection; sexual dimorphism simulation ID BEEF-CATTLE; BIRTH-WEIGHT; SELECTION; TRAITS; GROWTH; ANGUS; COWS AB The goals of this research were to document the historical selection applied by Nguni breeders that contributed to the national genetic evaluation scheme, and to offer prospective breeding objectives to guide future selection practices. Genetic selection differentials, weighted by number of offspring, and unweighted, were calculated for the recorded traits, and were used to quantify differences between natural and imposed selection. Index-in-retrospect methods were used to quantify differences between the traits in selection that were applied. Economic values for the prospective breeding objectives were derived through simulation. Results indicate that relatively little directional selection has been applied to Nguni as a breed, and that historically bulls and heifers were selected according to divergent criteria. Breeding objectives indicated that production, profitability and sustainability goals were largely complementary, but reflected a change from past selection practices. Breeders are advised to be intentional and consistent in the application of selection criteria. C1 [Matjuda, L. E.; MacNeil, M. D.; Maiwashetu, A.] ARC Anim Prod Inst, ZA-0062 Irene, South Africa. [Matjuda, L. E.; Malatje, M.] Univ Limpopo, ZA-0727 Sovenga, South Africa. [MacNeil, M. D.] Delta G, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [MacNeil, M. D.; Maiwashetu, A.] Univ Free State, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Leesburg, V. R.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Maiwashetu, A (reprint author), ARC Anim Prod Inst, Private Bag X2, ZA-0062 Irene, South Africa. EM norman@arc.agric.za NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES PI HATFIELD PA C/O ESTIE KOSTER, PO BOX 13884, HATFIELD 0028, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0375-1589 J9 S AFR J ANIM SCI JI South Afr. J. Anim. Sci. PY 2014 VL 44 IS 2 BP 161 EP 172 DI 10.4314/sajas.v44i2.9 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AM2UZ UT WOS:000339707600009 ER PT S AU Nakajima, K Nagamine, T Fujita, MQ Ai, M Tanaka, A Schaefer, E AF Nakajima, Katsuyuki Nagamine, Takeaki Fujita, Masaki Q. Ai, Masumi Tanaka, Akira Schaefer, Ernst BE Makowski, GS TI Apolipoprotein B-48: A Unique Marker of Chylomicron Metabolism SO ADVANCES IN CLINICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 64 SE Advances in Clinical Chemistry LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID TRIGLYCERIDE-RICH LIPOPROTEINS; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; REMNANT-LIKE PARTICLES; INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; HUMAN ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; COMMON LIPOLYTIC PATHWAY; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE AB Apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) is known to be the only specific marker of intestinal chylomicron particles. The amino acid sequence of apoB-48 represents 48% of the initial sequence of apoB-100. ApoB-48 is synthesized only by the intestine in humans, while apoB-100 is synthesized primarily by the liver. Therefore, apoB-48 is a most appropriate biomarker for cardiovascular and nutritional investigation of postprandial chylomicron metabolism. In this review article, we discussed the difference between the recent findings and Zilversmit's proposal of postprandial hyperlipidemia reported over 30 years ago. The characteristics and role of apoB-48 as an apolipoprotein in chylomicrons, especially as a marker of chylomicron remnant lipoproteins, are described. The need for appropriate analytical methods to measure apoB-48 is also discussed. C1 [Nakajima, Katsuyuki; Nagamine, Takeaki] Gunma Univ, Grad Sch Hlth Sci, Maebashi, Gumma 371, Japan. [Nakajima, Katsuyuki; Fujita, Masaki Q.] Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Legal Med, Tokyo, Japan. [Ai, Masumi] Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Life Sci & Bioeth, Tokyo, Japan. [Nakajima, Katsuyuki; Ai, Masumi; Tanaka, Akira] Kagawa Nutr Univ, Nutr Clin, Tokyo, Japan. [Nakajima, Katsuyuki; Schaefer, Ernst] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Nakajima, K (reprint author), Gunma Univ, Grad Sch Hlth Sci, Maebashi, Gumma 371, Japan. EM nakajimak05@ybb.ne.jp NR 216 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2423 BN 978-0-12-800263-6 J9 ADV CLIN CHEM JI Advan. Clin. Chem. PY 2014 VL 64 BP 117 EP 177 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-800263-6.00003-3 PG 61 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA BA4CR UT WOS:000335363700004 PM 24938018 ER PT S AU Odman, MT Yano, A Garcia-Menendez, F Hu, YT Goodrick, SL Liu, YQ Achtemeier, GL AF Odman, M. Talat Yano, Aika Garcia-Menendez, Fernando Hu, Yongtao Goodrick, Scott L. Liu, Yongqiang Achtemeier, Gary L. BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Development and Evaluation of an Air Quality Model for Predicting the Impacts of Prescribed Burns SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Burns; PM 2.5; WRF ID UNITED-STATES; EMISSIONS AB A modeling system has been developed to predict accurately the downwind air quality impacts of prescribed burns. The system has been evaluated in applications to monitored burns and a long-range smoke event detected by the regional PM2.5 monitoring network in Southeastern USA. Uncertainties in the estimation of emissions have been identified and sensitivities of predicted PM2.5 levels to smoke injection height versus PBL height, and wind speed and direction have been quantified. More accurate wind predictions, currently provided by WRF, would significantly improve the performance of the modeling system. C1 [Odman, M. Talat; Yano, Aika; Garcia-Menendez, Fernando; Hu, Yongtao] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Goodrick, Scott L.; Liu, Yongqiang; Achtemeier, Gary L.] USDA Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Odman, MT (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM odman@gatech.edu RI Odman, Mehmet/L-6218-2013; Hu, Yongtao/H-7543-2016; OI Odman, Mehmet/0000-0002-3947-7047; Hu, Yongtao/0000-0002-5161-0592; Garcia-Menendez, Fernando/0000-0003-0235-5692 FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, with substantial cost sharing from the US Forest Service; Joint Fire Science Program and US Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, with substantial cost sharing from the US Forest Service. Supports by the Joint Fire Science Program and US Environmental Protection Agency are also acknowledged. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 517 EP 521 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_87 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900086 ER PT S AU Killian, ML AF Killian, Mary Lea BE Spackman, E TI Hemagglutination Assay for Influenza Virus SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Hemagglutination; Avian influenza virus; Type A influenza; Influenza detection; Virus titer AB The hemagglutination assay (HA) is a tool used to screen cell culture isolates or amnioallantoic fluid harvested from embryonated chicken eggs for hemagglutinating agents, such as type A influenza. The HA assay is not an identification assay, as other agents also have hemagglutinating properties. Live and inactivated viruses are detected by the HA test. Amplification by virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs or cell culture is typically required before HA activity can be detected from a clinical sample. The test is, to some extent, quantitative as 1 hemagglutinating unit (HAU) is equal to approximately 5-6 logs of virus. It is inexpensive and relatively simple to conduct. Several factors (quality of chicken erythrocytes, laboratory temperature, laboratory equipment, technical expertise of the user) may contribute to slight differences in the interpretation of the test each time it is run. This chapter describes the methods validated and used by the US National Veterinary Services Laboratories for screening and identification of hemagglutinating viruses. C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Killian, ML (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 3 EP 9 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_1 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600002 PM 24899415 ER PT S AU Spackman, E AF Spackman, Erica BE Spackman, E TI Animal Influenza Virus Second Edition Preface SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP V EP V D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600001 PM 25025102 ER PT S AU Pedersen, JC AF Pedersen, Janice C. BE Spackman, E TI Hemagglutination-Inhibition Assay for Influenza Virus Subtype Identification and the Detection and Quantitation of Serum Antibodies to Influenza Virus SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Hemagglutination; Hemagglutination-inhibition; Avian influenza; Type A influenza; Influenza subtype identification AB Hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) assay is a classical laboratory procedure for the classification or subtyping of hemagglutinating viruses. For influenza virus, HI assay is used to identify the hemagglutinin (HA) subtype of an unknown isolate or the HA subtype specificity of antibodies to influenza virus. Since the HI assay is quantitative it is frequently applied to evaluate the antigenic relationships between different influenza virus isolates of the same subtype. The basis of the HI test is inhibition of hemagglutination with subtype-specific antibodies. The HI assay is a relatively inexpensive procedure utilizing standard laboratory equipment, is less technical than molecular tests, and is easily completed within several hours. However when working with uncharacterized viruses or antibody subtypes the library of reference reagents required for identifying antigenically distinct influenza viruses and or antibody specificities from multiple lineages of a single hemagglutinin subtype requires extensive laboratory support for the production and optimization of reagents. C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Pedersen, JC (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 11 EP 25 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600003 PM 24899416 ER PT S AU Pedersen, JC AF Pedersen, Janice C. BE Spackman, E TI Neuraminidase-Inhibition Assay for the Identification of Influenza A Virus Neuraminidase Virus Subtype or Neuraminidase Antibody Specificity SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Neuraminidase; Neuraminidase-inhibition; Avian influenza; Type A influenza; Influenza subtype identification AB The neuraminidase-inhibition (NI) assay is a laboratory procedure for the identification of the neuraminidase (NA) glycoprotein subtype in influenza viruses or the NA subtype specificity of antibodies to influenza virus. A serological procedure for subtyping the NA glycoprotein is critical for the identification and classification of avian influenza (AI) viruses. The macroprocedure was first described in 1961 by Aminoff and was later modified to a microtiter plate procedure (micro-NI) by Van Deusen et al. (Avian Dis 27:745-750, 1983). The micro-NI procedure reduces the quantity of reagents required, permits the antigenic classification of many isolates simultaneously, and eliminates spectrophotometric interpretation of results. Although, the macro-NI has been shown to be more sensitive than the micro-NI, the micro-NI test is very suitable for testing sera for the presence of NA antibodies and has proven to be a practical and rapid method for virus classification. This chapter provides an overview of the USDA validated micro-NI procedure for the identification of subtype-specific NA in AIV and antibodies. C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Pedersen, JC (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 27 EP 36 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_3 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600004 PM 24899417 ER PT S AU Pantin-Jackwood, MJ AF Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. BE Spackman, E TI Immunohistochemical Staining of Influenza Virus in Tissues SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Avian influenza virus; Immunohistochemistry; Biotin-streptavidin detection method; Influenza ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; HONG-KONG; COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY; H5N1; CHICKENS; PATHOBIOLOGY; DUCKS; INFECTIONS; TROPISM; ORIGIN AB Immunohistochemical methods are commonly used for studying the pathogenesis of influenza A virus by allowing the identification of sites of replication of the virus in infected tissues and the correlation with the histopathological changes observed. In this chapter, the materials and methods for performing immunohistochemical detection of influenza virus antigens in tissues are provided. The technique involves the following steps: heat-induced antigen retrieval; binding of a primary antibody to the virus antigen; antibody-antigen complex binding by a biotinylated secondary antibody; and binding of an enzyme-streptavidin conjugate. The enzyme is then visualized by application of the substrate chromogen solution to produce a colorimetric end product. Visualization of influenza virus antigen in tissues is based on chromogen deposition in the nucleus and cytoplasm of infected cells. C1 ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Pantin-Jackwood, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_5 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600006 PM 24899419 ER PT S AU Spackman, E AF Spackman, Erica BE Spackman, E TI A Brief Introduction to Avian Influenza Virus SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Avian influenza virus; Type A influenza; Orthomyxovirus; Host range; Pathogenesis; Molecular characteristics ID HEMAGGLUTININ GENE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CHICKENS; DUCKS; PATHOGENICITY; RECOMBINATION; OUTBREAK; PATHOBIOLOGY; CALIFORNIA; EMERGENCE AB Avian influenza virus (AIV) causes a disease of high economic importance for poultry production worldwide. The earliest recorded cases of probable high-pathogenicity AIV in poultry were reported in Italy in the 1870s, and avian influenza has been recognized in domestic poultry through the modern era of poultry production. Approaches to control vary widely, but elimination of the disease in poultry is a common goal. The basics of AIV biology, clinical disease, molecular aspects, and AIV detection are briefly reviewed. C1 ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_6 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600007 PM 24899420 ER PT S AU Killian, ML AF Killian, Mary Lea BE Spackman, E TI Avian Influenza Virus Sample Types, Collection, and Handling SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Avian influenza diagnostics; Avian influenza; Virus detection; Specimen collection; Sample processing AB Successful detection of avian influenza (AI) virus, viral antigen, nucleic acid, or antibody is dependent upon the collection of the appropriate sample type, the quality of the sample, and the proper storage and handling of the sample. The diagnostic tests to be performed should be considered prior to sample collection. Sera are acceptable samples for ELISA or agar gel precipitin tests, but not for real-time RT-PCR. Likewise, swabs and/or tissues are acceptable for real-time RT-PCR and virus isolation. The sample type will also depend on the type of birds that are being tested; although it is optimal to collect both oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs should be collected from gallinaceous poultry and cloacal swabs should be collected from waterfowl. In addition to collecting the appropriate sample for the tests to be performed, selecting the right materials for sample collection (i.e., type of swab) is very important. This chapter outlines the collection of different specimen types and procedures for proper specimen handling. C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Killian, ML (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 83 EP 91 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_8 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600009 PM 24899422 ER PT S AU Spackman, E Lee, SA AF Spackman, Erica Lee, Scott A. BE Spackman, E TI Avian Influenza Virus RNA Extraction SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE RNA extraction; Influenza nucleic acid; Specimen processing; Swab material; Avian influenza ID RT-PCR; DIAGNOSIS AB The efficient extraction and purification of viral RNA is critical for down-stream molecular applications whether it is the sensitive and specific detection of virus in clinical samples, virus gene cloning and expression, or quantification of avian influenza (AI) virus by molecular methods from experimentally infected birds. Samples can generally be divided into two types; enriched (e. g. virus stocks) and clinical. Clinical type samples, which may be tissues or swab material, are the most difficult to process due to the complex sample composition and possibly low virus titers. In this chapter two well established procedures for the isolation of AI virus RNA from common clinical specimen types and enriched virus stocks for further molecular applications will be presented. C1 [Spackman, Erica; Lee, Scott A.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 93 EP 104 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_9 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600010 PM 24899423 ER PT S AU Spackman, E AF Spackman, Erica BE Spackman, E TI Avian Influenza Virus Detection and Quantitation by Real-Time RT-PCR SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Real-time RT-PCR; Avian influenza virus detection; Virus quantitation; Influenza diagnosis ID POLYMERASE; INFECTIONS; H5 AB Real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) has been used for avian influenza virus (AIV) detection since the early 2000s for routine surveillance, outbreak assessment and for research. Some of the advantages of rRT-PCR are: high sensitivity, high specificity, rapid time-to-result, scalability, cost, and its inherently quantitative nature. Furthermore, rRT-PCR can be used with numerous sample types, is less expensive than virus isolation in chicken embryos, and since infectious virus is inactivated early during processing, biosafety and bio-security are also easier to maintain. However, the high genetic variability of AIV may decrease sensitivity and increases the chances of a false negative result. This chapter provides an overview of the USDA validated rRT-PCR procedure for the detection of type A influenza. C1 ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 105 EP 118 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_10 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600011 PM 24899424 ER PT S AU Spackman, E AF Spackman, Erica BE Spackman, E TI Influenza Subtype Identification with Molecular Methods SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Real-time RT-PCR; Influenza subtype identification; HA subtyping; NA subtyping; Avian influenza ID VIRUSES AB Gene sequencing and RT-PCR based methods are the molecular alternative to serology for the identification of influenza virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigenic subtypes. Compared to serology both RT-PCR and sequencing are preferred subtyping methods because of the number of reference reagents which need to be prepared for serological methods and results of molecular methods are often easier to interpret. The best method to utilize will depend on the goals of the work being conducted and the resources available. The salient features and basic outline of workflow for subtype identification by molecular methods will be discussed. C1 ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_11 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600012 PM 24899425 ER PT S AU Spackman, E Killian, ML AF Spackman, Erica Killian, Mary Lea BE Spackman, E TI Avian Influenza Virus Isolation, Propagation, and Titration in Embryonated Chicken Eggs SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Avian influenza; Virus isolation; Virus culture; Embryonated chicken eggs ID EFFICIENCY AB Avian influenza virus and some mammalian influenza A viruses are usually isolated, propagated, and titrated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECE). Most any sample type can be accommodated for culture with appropriate processing. Isolation may also be accomplished in cell culture particularly if mammalian lineage isolates are suspected, for example, swine influenza in turkey specimens. Culture is highly sensitive, but is not specific for influenza A, which may be an advantage because a sample may be screened for several agents at once. Once an agent is isolated in culture, the presence of influenza viruses is confirmed with any of several assays. The methods for propagating virus isolates in ECE are described. C1 [Spackman, Erica] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Killian, Mary Lea] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 125 EP 140 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_12 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600013 PM 24899426 ER PT S AU Jenson, TA AF Jenson, Terra A. BE Spackman, E TI Agar Gel Immunodiffusion Assay to Detect Antibodies to Type A Influenza Virus SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Influenza type A; Agar gel immunodiffusion; Avian influenza antibodies; Avian influenza antiserum AB The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test is used to detect antibodies to Type A influenza group-specific antigens, i.e., the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) and matrix (M) proteins. Therefore, this test will detect antibodies to all influenza A virus subtypes. AGID is commonly used to screen poultry flocks for avian influenza virus infection. The AGID is a simple and economical serological test. All serological testing has its advantages and disadvantages which should be considered before choosing the optimal test for the laboratory needs. Each laboratory must evaluate the laboratory's resources, the volume of testing, the goal of testing, how the test results are used and what types of samples are being tested in order to select the optimal test. C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Jenson, TA (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 141 EP 150 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_13 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600014 PM 24899427 ER PT S AU Chappell, L Killian, ML Spackman, E AF Chappell, Len Killian, Mary Lea Spackman, Erica BE Spackman, E TI Detection of Influenza A Antibodies in Avian Serum Samples by ELISA SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE ELISA; Poultry surveillance; AIV antibody detection; Avian influenza serology ID ANTIGEN-CAPTURE ELISA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; VIRUS; SUBTYPES AB ELISA assays are a fast and relatively inexpensive way to screen sera for antibodies to avian influenza virus. Commercial ELISA kits are available, and although they are more expensive, they provide a ready-to-use assay with good quality control. Various sample types can be processed for ELISA: serum, plasma, egg yolk, blood collected on filter paper. Quality samples are critical to accurate results. The basics of AIV antibody ELISA, sample processing, results interpretation, and troubleshooting are discussed. C1 [Chappell, Len] Georgia Poultry Lab Network, Oak Wood, GA 30566 USA. [Killian, Mary Lea] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. [Spackman, Erica] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Chappell, L (reprint author), Georgia Poultry Lab Network, Oak Wood, GA 30566 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 151 EP 167 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_14 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600015 PM 24899428 ER PT S AU Cardona, CJ Halvorson, DA Brown, JD Pantin-Jackwood, MJ AF Cardona, Carol J. Halvorson, David A. Brown, Justin D. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. BE Spackman, E TI Conducting Influenza Virus Pathogenesis Studies in Avian Species SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Challenge; Infection; Transmission; Avian; Influenza; Pathogenesis; Host; Inoculation; Sample; Shedding AB Avian infection studies with influenza A virus are an important means of assessing host susceptibility, viral pathogenesis, host responses to infection, mechanisms of transmission, and viral pathotype. Complex systems and natural settings may also be explored with carefully designed infection studies. In this chapter, we explore the elements of infection studies, general guidelines for choosing a virus to use, host selection, and many aspects of study design. C1 [Cardona, Carol J.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Halvorson, David A.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Brown, Justin D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA USA. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Cardona, CJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 169 EP 183 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_15 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600016 PM 24899429 ER PT S AU Swayne, DE AF Swayne, David E. BE Spackman, E TI Laboratory Methods for Assessing and Licensing Influenza Vaccines for Poultry SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Avian influenza; Vaccine efficacy; Laboratory assessment; License; Vaccine ID PATHOGENICITY AVIAN INFLUENZA; VIRUS; CHICKENS; VACCINATION; NUCLEOPROTEIN; EFFICACY AB Avian influenza vaccines for poultry are based on hemagglutinin proteins, and protection is specific to the vaccine subtype. Over 113 billion doses have been used between 2002 and 2010 for high pathogenicity avian influenza control. No universal vaccines are currently available. The majority of avian influenza vaccines are inactivated whole influenza viruses that are grown in embryonating eggs, inactivated, emulsified in oil adjuvant systems, and injected into chickens. Live virus-vectored vaccines such as recombinant viruses of fowl pox, Newcastle disease, herpesvirus of turkeys and duck enteritis containing inserts of avian influenza virus hemagglutinin genes have been used on a more limited basis. In studies to evaluate vaccine efficacy and potency, the protocol design and its implementation should address the biosafety level needed for the work, provide information required for approval by Institutional Biosafety and Animal Care Committees, contain information on seed strain selection, provide needed information on animal subjects and their relevant parameters, and address the selection and use of challenge viruses. Various metrics have been used to directly measure vaccine induced protection. These include prevention of death, clinical signs, and lesions; prevention of decreases in egg production and alterations in egg quality; quantification of the reduction in virus replication and shedding from the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tracts; and prevention of contact transmission in in vivo poultry experiments. In addition, indirect measures of vaccine potency and protection can be developed and validated against the direct measures and include serological assays in vaccinated poultry and assessment of the content of hemagglutinin antigen in the vaccine. These indirect assessments of protection are useful in determining if vaccine batches have a consistent ability to protect. For adequate potency, vaccines should contain 50 mean protective doses of antigen, which corresponds to 0.3-7.8 mu g of hemagglutinin protein, depending on immunogenicity of individual seed strains. C1 ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 185 EP 198 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_16 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600017 PM 24899430 ER PT S AU Kapczynski, DR AF Kapczynski, Darrell R. BE Spackman, E TI Detection of Cell-Mediated Immune Response to Avian Influenza Viruses SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Cell-mediated immunity; Avian influenza; Avian lymphocytes; Proliferation; Cytotoxicity; Flow cytometry; Cytokines; ELISPOT ID T-CELL; LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; CHICKENS; CYTOKINE; SUBPOPULATIONS; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; ASSAYS AB The measurement of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is critical to understanding the role and regulation of avian lymphocytes following avian influenza virus (AIV) infection. While these different cell types have distinctly different modes of action in terms of contributions to protection, they account for the majority of adaptive immunity induced following infection or vaccination. Although the ability to measure CMI has steadily improved over the last few years, few studies have examined its role in protection of birds against AIV. The increasing availability of monoclonal antibodies recognizing various avian cell-associated antigens has made this technique more specific and informative. C1 ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 199 EP 215 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_17 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600018 PM 24899431 ER PT S AU Kapczynski, DR Jiang, HJ Kogut, MH AF Kapczynski, Darrell R. Jiang, Hai Jun Kogut, Michael H. BE Spackman, E TI Characterization of Cytokine Expression Induced by Avian Influenza Virus Infection with Real-Time RT-PCR SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Cytokines; Real-time RT-PCR; RNA extraction; Avian influenza ID CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; EIMERIA-MAXIMA INFECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CHICKEN CYTOKINES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; DENDRITIC CELLS; DISEASE VIRUSES; MAREKS-DISEASE AB Knowledge of how birds react to infection from avian influenza virus is critical to understanding disease pathogenesis and host response. The use of real-time (R) RT-PCR to measure innate immunity, including cytokine and interferon gene expression, has become a standard technique employed by avian immunologists interested in examining these responses. This technique utilizes nucleotide primers and fluorescent reporter molecules to measure amplification of the gene of interest. The use of RRT-PCR negates the need for northern blot analysis or DNA sequencing. It is simple, specific and sensitive for the gene of interest. However, it is dependent on knowing the target sequence prior to testing so that the optimal primers can be designed. The recent publication of genomic sequences of Gallus gallus, Meleagris gallopavo, and Anas platyrhynchos species makes it possible to measure cytokine expression in chicken, turkey, and duck species, respectively. Although these tests do not measure functionally expressed protein, the lack of antibodies to identify and quantify avian cytokines from different avian species makes this technique critical to any characterization of innate immune responses through cytokine and interferon activation or repression. C1 [Kapczynski, Darrell R.; Jiang, Hai Jun] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kogut, Michael H.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 217 EP 233 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_18 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600019 PM 24899432 ER PT S AU Miller, PJ Torchetti, MK AF Miller, Patti J. Torchetti, Mia Kim BE Spackman, E TI Newcastle Disease Virus Detection and Differentiation from Avian Influenza SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Newcastle disease virus; Avian paramyxovirus serotype-1; Virus isolation; Real-time RT-PCR; Diagnostics ID BROAD RANGE; PARAMYXOVIRUS; ANTIBODIES; POULTRY; ASSAY; PCR AB Newcastle disease (ND) is a contagious and often fatal disease that affects over 250 bird species worldwide, and is caused by infection with virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1) of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Avulavirus. Infections of poultry with virulent strains of APMV-1 (Newcastle disease virus) are reportable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Vaccination of poultry species is a key measure in the control of ND. Other APMV-1 viruses of low virulence, which are not used as vaccines, are also often isolated from wild bird species. The APMV-1 virus, like avian influenza virus (AIV), is a hemagglutinating virus (HA) and able to agglutinate chicken red blood cells (RBC). Because the clinical presentation of ND can be difficult to distinguish from disease caused by AIV, techniques for differential diagnosis are essential, as well as the ability to detect mixed infections. When an HA positive virus is detected from virus isolation, additional assays can be performed to determine which virus is present. Both antigenic and molecular methods are necessary as some virulent ND viruses from cormorants in the USA after 2002 have lost their ability to hemagglutinate chicken RBC and molecular methods are needed for identification. C1 [Miller, Patti J.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Torchetti, Mia Kim] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. RP Miller, PJ (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 235 EP 239 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_19 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600020 PM 24899433 ER PT S AU Vincent, AL Lager, KM Anderson, TK AF Vincent, Amy L. Lager, Kelly M. Anderson, Tavis K. BE Spackman, E TI A Brief Introduction to Influenza A Virus in Swine SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Influenza A virus; Swine; H1N1; H1N2; H3N2; Evolution; Transmission; Pathogenesis ID MATERNAL ANTIBODY INTERFERENCE; NORTH-AMERICAN SWINE; UNITED-STATES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; ANTIGENIC CHARACTERIZATION; H3 HEMAGGLUTININS; 2011-2012 H3N2V; PANDEMIC H1N1; VARIANT VIRUS; US SWINE AB Influenza A viruses (IAV) of the Orthomyxoviridae virus family cause one of the most important respiratory diseases in pigs as well as humans. Repeated outbreaks and rapid spread of genetically and antigenically distinct IAVs represent a considerable challenge for animal production and public health. This overlap between human and animal health is a prime example of the "One Health" concept. Although only subtypes of H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2 are endemic in swine around the world, considerable diversity can be found not only in the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes, but in the other 6 genes as well. Human and swine IAV have demonstrated a particular propensity for interspecies transmission in the past century, leading to regular and sometimes sustained, incursions from man to pig and vice versa. The diversity of IAV in swine remains one of the critical challenges in diagnosis and control of this important pathogen for swine health, and in turn contributes to a significant public health risk. C1 [Vincent, Amy L.; Lager, Kelly M.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Anderson, Tavis K.] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP Vincent, AL (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. OI Anderson, Tavis/0000-0002-3138-5535 NR 85 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 243 EP 258 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_20 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600021 PM 24899434 ER PT S AU Kitikoon, P Gauger, PC Vincent, AL AF Kitikoon, Pravina Gauger, Phillip C. Vincent, Amy L. BE Spackman, E TI Hemagglutinin Inhibition Assay with Swine Sera SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Antibody; Hemagglutination; Inhibition; Influenza A virus; Serum; Swine ID VIRUS; AGGLUTINATION; ANTIBODIES AB Hemagglutination is based on the ability of viruses such as influenza A virus to agglutinate red blood cells (RBCs) of specific animal species by formation of cross-linking lattices between RBCs. Antibodies that have the ability to inhibit the hemagglutination property of influenza A viruses are correlated with protection from infection. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test is a serological assay that measures the titer of specific antibodies in the sera and is the most common serological assay used to detect anti-influenza antibodies in swine sera. C1 [Kitikoon, Pravina; Vincent, Amy L.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ames, IA USA. RP Kitikoon, P (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 295 EP 301 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_24 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600025 PM 24899438 ER PT S AU Gauger, PC Loving, CL Vincent, AL AF Gauger, Phillip C. Loving, Crystal L. Vincent, Amy L. BE Spackman, E TI Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Serum or Mucosal Isotype-Specific IgG and IgA Whole-Virus Antibody to Influenza A Virus in Swine SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Influenza A virus; Swine; ELISA; Serum; Lavage; Nasal wash; Isotype; Antibody; Mucosal; Systemic ID PIGS; INFECTION AB Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays can be used to detect isotype-specific anti-influenza antibodies in biological samples to characterize the porcine immune response to influenza A virus. The isotype antibody assay is based on an indirect ELISA using whole influenza virus as antigen and detection antibodies directed against porcine IgG and IgA. Samples such as serum, nasal wash, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid allow for evaluation of systemic, upper, and lower respiratory tract mucosal antibody responses, respectively. The isotype ELISA assay is performed in a 96-well format using anti-swine detection antibodies conjugated to an enzyme that catalyze a color change reaction. The optical density of the sample is measured using an automated plate reader. The assay is useful to characterize the IgG or the IgA response to challenge or vaccination against specific influenza virus isolates in different compartments of the immune system. C1 [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Loving, Crystal L.; Vincent, Amy L.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Gauger, PC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 303 EP 312 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_25 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600026 PM 24899439 ER PT S AU Gauger, PC Vincent, AL AF Gauger, Phillip C. Vincent, Amy L. BE Spackman, E TI Serum Virus Neutralization Assay for Detection and Quantitation of Serum-Neutralizing Antibodies to Influenza A Virus in Swine SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Influenza; Swine; Serum; Virus neutralization; Antibody; Titer ID VACCINATION; H1N1; H3N2 AB The serum virus neutralization (SVN) assay is a serological test to detect the presence and magnitude of functional systemic antibodies that prevent infectivity of a virus. The SVN assay is a highly sensitive and specific test that may be applied to influenza A viruses in swine to measure the titer of neutralizing antibodies post-infection or after vaccination. Conventional SVN methods performed in vitro are based on inhibition of virus infectivity in cell culture in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Titer determination may be based on the presence or the absence of cytopathic effect or the evidence of viral infection using an immunoreactive technique. The SVN assay is relatively inexpensive using standard laboratory equipment although it requires cell culture, more time and labor, and technical skill to conduct the assay compared to other serological methods. The SVN test is useful to evaluate the level of serological cross-reactivity between vaccine antisera and variant influenza viruses that may correlate with cross-protection in the host. C1 [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Vincent, Amy L.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Gauger, PC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 313 EP 324 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_26 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600027 PM 24899440 ER PT S AU Kitikoon, P Vincent, AL AF Kitikoon, Pravina Vincent, Amy L. BE Spackman, E TI Microneutralization Assay for Swine Influenza Virus in Swine Serum SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Antibody; Influenza; Microneutralization; Serum; Swine ID SEROLOGIC ASSAYS AB The microneutralization (MN) assay is a modification of the serum virus neutralization assay and is a serological test to detect the presence of functional systemic antibodies that prevent infectivity of virus. When infectious virus is mixed with serum antibody, the virus infectivity can be "neutralized" if the antibodies bind to blocking epitopes on the virus. The neutralization effect can be demonstrated by inoculation of susceptible cells or organisms with the antibody-virus mixture, such as cells in culture, embryonated eggs, or susceptible hosts. The results of the MN assay described here are measured based on cell culture in a microtiter plate format and a color change detected by an automated plate reader. The test is performed with a constant amount of virus and serial dilutions of serum samples to an end point where virus neutralization is no longer detected. The neutralizing antibody titer is thus the reciprocal number of the last dilution of serum with neutralizing activity. The MN assay can be used to detect antibody from pigs with natural exposure or vaccination and can potentially be used to predict cross-protection between strains of influenza A virus. C1 [Kitikoon, Pravina; Vincent, Amy L.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kitikoon, P (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 325 EP 335 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_27 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600028 PM 24899441 ER PT S AU Kitikoon, P Loving, CL Vincent, AL AF Kitikoon, Pravina Loving, Crystal L. Vincent, Amy L. BE Spackman, E TI Antibody Secreting Cell Assay for Influenza A Virus in Swine SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Antibody secreting cells; ELISPOT; Influenza A virus; Swine; Immunoglobulin ID MEMORY B-CELLS; EFFICACY; VACCINE AB An ELISPOT assay to enumerate B-cells producing antibodies specific to a given antigen, also known as an antibody secreting cell (ASC) assay, was adapted to detect B-cells specific for influenza A virus (IAV). The assay is performed ex vivo and enumerates ASC at a single cell level. A simple ASC detection method is based on a solid phase immunoenzymatic principle. The ELISPOT plate is coated with IAV prior to incubation with cell samples. The spot-forming cells are detected by enzyme labeled antibodies directed to the swine immunoglobulin (Ig) class of interest and visualized with the addition of substrate. C1 [Kitikoon, Pravina; Loving, Crystal L.; Vincent, Amy L.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kitikoon, P (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 347 EP 353 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_29 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600030 PM 24899443 ER PT S AU Lager, KM Vincent, AL AF Lager, Kelly M. Vincent, Amy L. BE Spackman, E TI In Vivo Models for Pathotyping and Vaccine Efficacy for Swine Influenza SO ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUS, SECOND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Swine; Influenza; Experimental model; Nasal swab; Pathogenesis AB Swine influenza is a disease of the respiratory tract caused by influenza A virus (IAV). Experimental inoculation of pigs involves either aerosolization and inhalation of virus or the direct introduction of virus into the upper or lower respiratory tract. This chapter covers methods for experimental IAV infection of pigs and collection of specific samples to study the pathogenesis of swine influenza and vaccine efficacy. C1 [Lager, Kelly M.; Vincent, Amy L.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lager, KM (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0758-8; 978-1-4939-0757-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1161 BP 355 EP 361 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_30 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8RU UT WOS:000338513600031 PM 24899444 ER PT S AU Newell, MA Jannink, JL AF Newell, Mark A. Jannink, Jean-Luc BE Fleury, D Whitford, R TI Genomic Selection in Plant Breeding SO CROP BREEDING: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Genomic selection; Genomic estimated breeding value; Population structure; Training population; Selection candidates; Cross-validation ID GENETIC-RELATIONSHIP INFORMATION; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; VALUES; CATTLE; IMPACT; POPULATIONS; PREDICTION; REGRESSION; ACCURACY AB Genomic selection (GS) is a method to predict the genetic value of selection candidates based on the genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) predicted from high-density markers positioned throughout the genome. Unlike marker-assisted selection, the GEBV is based on all markers including both minor and major marker effects. Thus, the GEBV may capture more of the genetic variation for the particular trait under selection. C1 [Newell, Mark A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Newell, MA (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0446-4; 978-1-4939-0445-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1145 BP 117 EP 130 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0446-4_10 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0446-4 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA BA8QW UT WOS:000338495100011 PM 24816664 ER PT B AU Huang, YL Chang, ML Chiu, CJ AF Huang, Yi-Ling Chang, Min-Lee Chiu, Chung-Jung BE Preedy, VR TI Glycemic Index and Age-Related Macular Degeneration SO HANDBOOK OF NUTRITION, DIET, AND THE EYE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; PIGMENT EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DIETARY FIBER INTAKE; HUMAN TAURINE TRANSPORTER; EYE DISEASE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; FACTOR EXPRESSION; ALDOSE REDUCTASE C1 [Huang, Yi-Ling; Chang, Min-Lee; Chiu, Chung-Jung] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Huang, YL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-404606-1; 978-0-12-401717-7 PY 2014 BP 219 EP 232 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-401717-7.00022-8 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Ophthalmology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Ophthalmology GA BA6TH UT WOS:000337276300023 ER PT J AU Elliott, KJ Vose, JM Rankin, D AF Elliott, Katherine J. Vose, James M. Rankin, Duke TI Herbaceous species composition and richness of mesophytic cove forests in the southern Appalachians: synthesis and knowledge gaps SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE disturbance; herbs; indicator species; Liliaceae; rich coves; seed dispersal ID GREAT-SMOKY-MOUNTAINS; CLIMATE-CHANGE VULNERABILITY; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; HISTORICAL LAND-USE; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; DECIDUOUS FOREST; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; MICROSTEGIUM-VIMINEUM; HERB COMMUNITIES; UNDERSTORY HERB AB We synthesized the current information on mesophytic cove forests in the southern Appalachians, assessed the range of variation in herb species composition and diversity in stands with different disturbance histories and environmental conditions, identified key knowledge gaps, and suggested approaches to fill these knowledge gaps. The purpose of this synthesis was to provide information to forest managers to help make decisions about conservation assessments and strategies for rich cove forests in the southern Appalachians. An important finding is that no single study or data set can provide conclusive evidence or clear management strategies. However, an overriding conclusion is that the magnitude of impact and the management actions necessary to restore herbaceous communities are directly proportional to the severity of disturbance, current condition (e. g., presence of Rhododendron), site heterogeneity, and historical land use (e.g., agricultural activity). These factors plus a host of other stressors (e.g., climate variability, air pollution, invasives) are likely to have a strong influence on the highly variable patterns observed when comparing herbaceous diversity of 'old-growth' or uncut forests to human disturbed forests (e. g., cutting, air pollution, conversion, invasive plants or insects). Results from this review reinforce our premise that factors controlling herbaceous species presence and abundance are highly complex, thus broad generalizations about the impacts of a single factor such as logging should be interpreted with caution. Of the stressors known to affect forest trees (e.g., pests and pathogens, acidic deposition, air pollution, drought, and wind), little to no information exists on how these same stressors will affect herbaceous plants. A limited number of studies have examined the demography or physiology of forest herbs, particularly across all life stages. While the demography of a few genera have been studied (e.g., Hexastylis, Asarum, Trillium, Arisaema, Goodyera, Hepatica), little to no information exists for the majority of woodland herbs. Species identity is important when considering management of rich cove forests. Diversity may increase following canopy disturbances that favor recruitment of early-seral herbaceous species; therefore, simple indices of diversity (H', S, and E) are not the best measure of recovery in mesophytic rich coves, particularly where shade-adapted 'rich-cove indicator' species have been replaced by these species. Species-specific life histories and the influence of prevailing site conditions are important lines of research for understanding recovery and sustainability of mesophytic rich cove forests. C1 [Elliott, Katherine J.] US Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Ctr Forest Watershed Sci, Southern Res Stn,USDA, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Vose, James M.] N Carolina State Univ, US Forest Serv, Ctr Integrated Forest Sci, Southern Res Stn,USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Rankin, Duke] US Forest Serv, USDA, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. RP Elliott, KJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Ctr Forest Watershed Sci, Southern Res Stn,USDA, Otto, NC 28763 USA. EM kelliott@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station; National Science Foundation [DEB0823293] FX This study was primarily supported by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station and partially supported by National Science Foundation grant DEB0823293 to the Coweeta LTER program at the University of Georgia. We are grateful to Drs. Diane DeSteven, Mary Anne Sword Sayer and Chelcy Ford Miniat for providing helpful comments on this manuscript. We also acknowledge the valuable contributions of Forest Service staff that provided field and technical assistance. NR 145 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 33 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 EI 1940-0616 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 141 IS 1 BP 39 EP 71 DI 10.3159/TORREY-D-13-00054.1 PG 33 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AM2CN UT WOS:000339656300004 ER PT S AU Gorski, L AF Gorski, Lisa BE Jordan, K Fox, EM Wagner, M TI Serotype Assignment by Sero-Agglutination, ELISA, and PCR SO LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Listeria; Serotype; Agglutination; ELISA; PCR; Antigens; Antisera ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; INTERNATIONAL STANDARD; MULTIPLEX PCR; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION; VIRULENCE; ASSAY AB For assessing isolates of Listeria monocytogenes, serotype designation is the foremost subtyping method used. Traditionally, serotyping has been done with agglutination reactions. In the last decade, alternative serotyping methods were described using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Herein are described the three methods, and the advantages and disadvantages of each. C1 ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Gorski, L (reprint author), ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0703-8; 978-1-4939-0702-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1157 BP 41 EP 61 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0703-8_4 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0703-8 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8TN UT WOS:000338663700005 PM 24792547 ER PT S AU Skinner, DZ Garland-Campbell, K AF Skinner, Daniel Z. Garland-Campbell, Kimberly BE Hincha, DK Zuther, E TI Measuring Freezing Tolerance: Survival and Regrowth Assays SO PLANT COLD ACCLIMATION: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Whole-plant freezing; Probit; Zero-inflated Poisson ID LOW-TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; WINTER-WHEAT; CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENTS; SATURATED SOIL; SELECTION; WINTERHARDINESS; HARDINESS AB Screening plants for freezing tolerance under tightly controlled conditions is an invaluable technique for studying freezing tolerance and selecting for improved winterhardiness. Artificial freezing tests of cereal plants historically have used isolated crown and stem tissue prepared by "removing all plant parts 3 cm above and 0.5 cm below the crown tissue" (Fowler et al., Crop Sci 21:896-901, 1981). Here, we describe a method of conducting freezing tolerance tests using intact plants grown in small horticultural containers, including suggested methods for collecting and analyzing the data. C1 [Skinner, Daniel Z.; Garland-Campbell, Kimberly] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Skinner, DZ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0844-8; 978-1-4939-0843-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1166 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0844-8_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0844-8 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA BA8QD UT WOS:000338476400003 PM 24852624 ER PT S AU Livingston, DP Tuong, TD AF Livingston, David P., III Tuong, Tan D. BE Hincha, DK Zuther, E TI Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Frozen and Thawed Plant Tissues from Microscopic Images SO PLANT COLD ACCLIMATION: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE 3D reconstruction; Arabidopsis thaliana; Adobe After Effects; Freezing tolerance; Histology; Safranin; Microscopy; Color keying ID INJURY; DISEASE; BARLEY; CROWN AB Histological analysis of frozen and thawed plants has been conducted for many years but the observation of individual sections provides only a 2-dimensional representation of a 3-dimensional phenomenon. Most techniques for viewing internal plant structure in three dimensions are either low in resolution or the instrument cannot penetrate deep enough into the tissue to visualize the whole plant. Techniques with higher resolution are expensive and equipment often requires time-consuming training. We present a relatively simple and less-expensive technique using pixel-based (JPEG) images of histological sections of an Arabidopsis thaliana plant and commercially available software to generate 3D reconstructions of internal structures. The technique has proven to work just as effectively for images from medical histology. C1 [Livingston, David P., III; Tuong, Tan D.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Livingston, David P., III; Tuong, Tan D.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Livingston, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0844-8; 978-1-4939-0843-1 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1166 BP 117 EP 137 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0844-8_11 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0844-8 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA BA8QD UT WOS:000338476400012 PM 24852633 ER PT J AU Zhan, LL Li, SX Xu, YL Zhang, XY Pei, XC Pan, FJ Zhang, SJ Chen, PY AF Zhan, Lili Li, Shuxian Xu, Yanli Zhang, Xingyi Pei, Xichao Pan, Fengjuan Zhang, Sijia Chen, Pengyin TI Soil fauna community in the black soil of Northeast China under different tillage systems SO ACTA AGRICULTURAE SCANDINAVICA SECTION B-SOIL AND PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioindicator; black soil; soil fauna; soybean; tillage system ID DISTURBANCE; INVERTEBRATE; POPULATIONS; INDICATORS; ECOSYSTEMS; COLLEMBOLA; GRASSLAND; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; ANIMALS AB Soil fauna is an important component in soil ecosystems. This study tested whether conservation tillage or conventional tillage of a black soil (Udic Mollisol) field in Northeast China could affect its soil fauna communities. Two different conservation tillage systems, no-tillage (NT) and reduced tillage (RT), as well as a conventional rotary tillage system (CT), were chosen for this study. There were 4562 individuals isolated from this study, which included two orders and 35 families. Acariformes was the most abundant family and represented 91.56% of the total faunal abundance. The abundance and the number of faunal families were higher in conservation tillage systems than in the CT. The RT system had the highest individual number of soil fauna among three tillage methods. The faunal accumulation in the soil surface also was significantly higher in the two conservation tillage systems than in the CT. Our results indicate that the conservation tillage systems could protect the soil fauna in the soil ecosystem better than the CT. C1 [Zhan, Lili; Xu, Yanli; Zhang, Xingyi; Pan, Fengjuan; Zhang, Sijia] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Key Lab Mollisols Agroecol, Harbin 150081, Peoples R China. [Zhan, Lili] Heihe Univ, Dept Phys Chem, Heihe 164300, Peoples R China. [Li, Shuxian] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Pei, Xichao] Heihe Entry Exit Inspect & Quarantine Bur, Heihe 164300, Peoples R China. [Chen, Pengyin] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Li, SX (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM shuxian.li@ars.usda.gov; xyll@neigaehrb.ac.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences Knowledge Innovation Program [kzcx2-yw-408]; USDA-ARS projects [6402-21220-012-00D] FX The study was financially supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Knowledge Innovation Program (kzcx2-yw-408) and partially supported by the USDA-ARS projects 6402-21220-012-00D to Li. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0906-4710 EI 1651-1913 J9 ACTA AGR SCAND B-S P JI Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. B-Soil Plant Sci. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 5 BP 462 EP 469 DI 10.1080/09064710.2014.920906 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL5IV UT WOS:000339168100010 ER PT J AU Gunter, SA Springer, TL Loest, CA Goldman, JJ AF Gunter, S. A. Springer, T. L. Loest, C. A. Goldman, J. J. TI Effect of processing method on in sacco ruminal degradability of organic matter and nitrogen from canola seeds and in vitro intestinal nitrogen digestion of the in sacco residue SO ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACIDS; RUMEN DEGRADABILITY; SOYBEAN-MEAL; PROTEIN DEGRADABILITY; DAIRY-COWS; STEERS; DIGESTIBILITY; PERFORMANCE; HAY; SUPPLEMENTATION AB A novel crop on the Southern Plains of the United States is canola (Brassica napus L.), of which annual production has nearly doubled in the last 5 years. Although production has not exceeded the demand for oil, the question has arisen as to its supplemental value for cattle grazing the rangeland adjacent to production areas. In an experiment, six seed processing methods were evaluated by in sacco digestion of organic matter and nitrogen and in vitro intestinal in sacco residue: (1) whole seeds with no processing; (2) seed coats scarified in a pneumatic seed scarifier; (3) ground in a four-knife mill; (4) unprocessed seed rolled to 0.5 mm thick; (5) seeds roasted then rolled to 0.5 mm thick; and (6) steamed then rolled to 0.5 mm thick. Processing methods were compared with a solvent-extract canola seed meal. All processing methods increased in sacco organic matter and nitrogen digestion in the rumen with ground method being the greatest (P < 0.05). These results showed that the ground method produced the most (P < 0.05) ruminally degraded nitrogen/kilogram of organic matter digested in the rumen (67 g) of all methods evaluated. Further, extent of in vitro nitrogen digestion (intestinal) from in sacco residue was reduced by increases in ruminal digestion. Processing methods that broke the seeds increased (P < 0.05) the total extent of nitrogen digestion over whole and scarified treatments. The most limiting nutrient to augment energy intake and digestion in cattle grazing native pastures is ruminally degraded nitrogen and it seems that the most appropriate processing method is grinding to use whole canola seeds as a supplement. Other processing methods evaluated either increased processing cost or increased the ruminally undegraded nitrogen value. C1 [Gunter, S. A.; Springer, T. L.; Goldman, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Loest, C. A.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Gunter, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, 2000 18th St, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM stacey.gunter@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0939 EI 1836-5787 J9 ANIM PROD SCI JI Anim. Prod. Sci. PY 2014 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1030 EP 1038 DI 10.1071/AN13235 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AL2HJ UT WOS:000338946300008 ER PT J AU Yatsuzuka, S Shimomura, Y Akuzawa, M Ando, Y Kobayashi, I Nakano, T Tokita, Y Nagamine, T Ono, H Tanaka, A Schaefer, E Nakajima, K AF Yatsuzuka, Shin-ichi Shimomura, Younosuke Akuzawa, Masako Ando, Yoshitaka Kobayashi, Isao Nakano, Takamitsu Tokita, Yoshiharu Nagamine, Takeaki Ono, Hiromi Tanaka, Akira Schaefer, Ernst Nakajima, Katsuyuki TI Plasma adiponectin is a more specific marker of fatty liver than a marker of metabolic syndrome in Japanese men SO ANNALS OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Metabolic syndrome; non-alcoholic fatty liver; adiponectin; high sensitivity-C reactive protein; remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol; remnant lipoprotein-triglyceride ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; TYPE-2 DIABETIC-PATIENTS; ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LIPOPROTEIN PARTICLES; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; LIPASE ACTIVITY; OBESE SUBJECTS; VISCERAL FAT; RISK-FACTOR AB Background: The association of plasma cardiovascular risk markers and metabolic syndrome (MetS) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been well defined. Methods: Japanese men (n = 809) had standard anthropometric measurements done, and had their liver fat quantitated by ultrasound. Three groups were identified: (1) normal controls without significant disease, (2) preliminary-metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) cases and (3) MetS cases. Plasma adiponectin, high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP), HOMA-IR, lipids, lipoproteins and liver enzymes were evaluated among the three groups. Results: The prevalence of fatty liver was 13% in controls, 39% in pre-MetS and 62% in MetS. Plasma adiponectin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly decreased, and HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, TG, remnant lipoproteins (RLPs) and small dense-LDL-C (sd LDL-C) were significantly increased in subjects with fatty liver compared to those without fatty liver. Multivariate analyses of serum parameters associated with fatty liver revealed that adiponectin and hs-CRP were more strongly associated with the presence of fatty liver than waist circumference. However, HOMA-IR, HDL-C, TG, RLP-C, RLP-TG and sd LDL-C were more strongly associated with waist circumference than with fatty liver. Factor analysis revealed that adiponectin and HDL-C were linked to liver enzymes, lipoproteins and HOMA-IR associated with fatty liver, but not with waist circumference. Conclusions: Adiponectin was found to be a more specific diagnostic marker for the presence of fatty liver regardless of MetS status, and was inversely correlated with liver enzyme concentrations. However, RLPs were found to be more specifically associated with the presence of MetS. C1 [Yatsuzuka, Shin-ichi; Shimomura, Younosuke; Akuzawa, Masako; Ando, Yoshitaka; Kobayashi, Isao; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Hidaka Hosp, Diabet & Metab Dis Res Ctr, Takasaki, Gumma, Japan. [Nakano, Takamitsu; Tokita, Yoshiharu; Nagamine, Takeaki; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Gunma Univ, Grad Sch Hlth Sci, Maebashi, Gunma 3718511, Japan. [Nakano, Takamitsu; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Div Diagnost, Tokushima 77101, Japan. [Ono, Hiromi; Tanaka, Akira; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Kagawa Nutr Univ, Nutr Clin, Tokyo, Japan. [Schaefer, Ernst; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schaefer, Ernst; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Nakajima, K (reprint author), Gunma Univ, Grad Sch Hlth Sci, 3-39-22 Showa Machi, Maebashi, Gunma 3718511, Japan. EM nakajimak05@ybb.ne.jp NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0004-5632 EI 1758-1001 J9 ANN CLIN BIOCHEM JI Ann. Clin. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 51 IS 1 BP 68 EP 79 DI 10.1177/0004563213487892 PG 12 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA AM1RN UT WOS:000339625900008 PM 23897104 ER PT J AU Ciais, P Dolman, AJ Bombelli, A Duren, R Peregon, A Rayner, PJ Miller, C Gobron, N Kinderman, G Marland, G Gruber, N Chevallier, F Andres, RJ Balsamo, G Bopp, L Breon, FM Broquet, G Dargaville, R Battin, TJ Borges, A Bovensmann, H Buchwitz, M Butler, J Canadell, JG Cook, RB DeFries, R Engelen, R Gurney, KR Heinze, C Heimann, M Held, A Henry, M Law, B Luyssaert, S Miller, J Moriyama, T Moulin, C Myneni, RB Nussli, C Obersteiner, M Ojima, D Pan, Y Paris, JD Piao, SL Poulter, B Plummer, S Quegan, S Raymond, P Reichstein, M Rivier, L Sabine, C Schimel, D Tarasova, O Valentini, R Wang, R van der Werf, G Wickland, D Williams, M Zehner, C AF Ciais, P. Dolman, A. J. Bombelli, A. Duren, R. Peregon, A. Rayner, P. J. Miller, C. Gobron, N. Kinderman, G. Marland, G. Gruber, N. Chevallier, F. Andres, R. J. Balsamo, G. Bopp, L. Breon, F. -M. Broquet, G. Dargaville, R. Battin, T. J. Borges, A. Bovensmann, H. Buchwitz, M. Butler, J. Canadell, J. G. Cook, R. B. DeFries, R. Engelen, R. Gurney, K. R. Heinze, C. Heimann, M. Held, A. Henry, M. Law, B. Luyssaert, S. Miller, J. Moriyama, T. Moulin, C. Myneni, R. B. Nussli, C. Obersteiner, M. Ojima, D. Pan, Y. Paris, J. -D. Piao, S. L. Poulter, B. Plummer, S. Quegan, S. Raymond, P. Reichstein, M. Rivier, L. Sabine, C. Schimel, D. Tarasova, O. Valentini, R. Wang, R. van der Werf, G. Wickland, D. Williams, M. Zehner, C. TI Current systematic carbon-cycle observations and the need for implementing a policy-relevant carbon observing system SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; HYPERSPECTRAL INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; EDDY COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; COLUMN-AVERAGED METHANE; FOSSIL-FUEL COMBUSTION; CO2 SURFACE FLUXES; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; FOREST BIOMASS AB A globally integrated carbon observation and analysis system is needed to improve the fundamental understanding of the global carbon cycle, to improve our ability to project future changes, and to verify the effectiveness of policies aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration. Building an integrated carbon observation system requires transformational advances from the existing sparse, exploratory framework towards a dense, robust, and sustained system in all components: anthropogenic emissions, the atmosphere, the ocean, and the terrestrial biosphere. The paper is addressed to scientists, policymakers, and funding agencies who need to have a global picture of the current state of the (diverse) carbon observations. We identify the current state of carbon observations, and the needs and notional requirements for a global integrated carbon observation system that can be built in the next decade. A key conclusion is the substantial expansion of the ground-based observation networks required to reach the high spatial resolution for CO2 and CH4 fluxes, and for carbon stocks for addressing policy-relevant objectives, and attributing flux changes to underlying processes in each region. In order to establish flux and stock diagnostics over areas such as the southern oceans, tropical forests, and the Arctic, in situ observations will have to be complemented with remote-sensing measurements. Remote sensing offers the advantage of dense spatial coverage and frequent revisit. A key challenge is to bring remote-sensing measurements to a level of long-term consistency and accuracy so that they can be efficiently combined in models to reduce uncertainties, in synergy with ground-based data. Bringing tight observational constraints on fossil fuel and land use change emissions will be the biggest challenge for deployment of a policy-relevant integrated carbon observation system. This will require in situ and remotely sensed data at much higher resolution and density than currently achieved for natural fluxes, although over a small land area (cities, industrial sites, power plants), as well as the inclusion of fossil fuel CO2 proxy measurements such as radiocarbon in CO2 and carbon-fuel combustion tracers. Additionally, a policy-relevant carbon monitoring system should also provide mechanisms for reconciling regional top-down (atmosphere-based) and bottom-up (surface-based) flux estimates across the range of spatial and temporal scales relevant to mitigation policies. In addition, uncertainties for each observation data-stream should be assessed. The success of the system will rely on long-term commitments to monitoring, on improved international collaboration to fill gaps in the current observations, on sustained efforts to improve access to the different data streams and make databases interoperable, and on the calibration of each component of the system to agreed-upon international scales. C1 [Ciais, P.; Peregon, A.; Chevallier, F.; Bopp, L.; Breon, F. -M.; Broquet, G.; Luyssaert, S.; Moulin, C.; Paris, J. -D.; Poulter, B.; Rivier, L.; Wang, R.] CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, UMR8212, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Dolman, A. J.; van der Werf, G.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bombelli, A.; Valentini, R.] CMCC, Euromediterranean Ctr Climate Change, Div Climate Change Impacts Agr Forests & Nat Ecos, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Duren, R.; Miller, C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Rayner, P. J.; Dargaville, R.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Gobron, N.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Global Environm Monitoring Unit, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Kinderman, G.; Obersteiner, M.] IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria. [Marland, G.] Appalachian State Univ, Res Inst Environm Energy & Econ, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Gruber, N.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Zurich, Switzerland. [Gruber, N.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Climate Syst Modeling, Zurich, Switzerland. [Andres, R. J.; Cook, R. B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Balsamo, G.; Engelen, R.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts ECMWF, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Battin, T. J.] Univ Vienna, Dept Limnol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Borges, A.] Univ Liege, Chem Oceanog Unit, Inst Phys B5, B-4000 Cointe Ougree, Belgium. [Bovensmann, H.; Buchwitz, M.] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys IUP, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Butler, J.; Miller, J.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Canadell, J. G.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [DeFries, R.] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gurney, K. R.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Heinze, C.] Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. [Heinze, C.] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway. [Heinze, C.] Uni Res, Uni Bjerknes Ctr, Bergen, Norway. [Heimann, M.; Reichstein, M.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Held, A.] CSIRO, AusCover Facil, TERN, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Henry, M.] UN, Dept Forestry, Food & Agr Org, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Law, B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Miller, J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Moriyama, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Tokyo, Japan. [Myneni, R. B.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Nussli, C.] Thales Alenia Space, Toulouse, France. [Ojima, D.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Pan, Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Piao, S. L.] Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Plummer, S.] European Space Agcy Harwell, ESA Climate Off, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Quegan, S.] Univ Sheffield, Ctr Terr Carbon Dynam, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Raymond, P.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Sabine, C.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Schimel, D.] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Tarasova, O.] World Meteorol Org, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Wickland, D.] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Williams, M.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland. [Zehner, C.] ESA ESRIN, Frascati, Italy. RP Ciais, P (reprint author), CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, UMR8212, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM philippe.ciais@lsce.ipsl.fr RI Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010; Gruber, Nicolas/B-7013-2009; Myneni, Ranga/F-5129-2012; Held, Andre/A-4672-2011; Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; Valentini, Riccardo/D-1226-2010; Canadell, Josep/E-9419-2010; Chevallier, Frederic/E-9608-2016; Heimann, Martin/H-7807-2016; Ojima, Dennis/C-5272-2016; Breon, Francois-Marie/M-4639-2016; Bovensmann, Heinrich/P-4135-2016; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan/F-6684-2011; Tarasova, Olga/E-4318-2014 OI Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203; Dargaville, Roger/0000-0002-0103-5198; Cook, Robert/0000-0001-7393-7302; Borges, Alberto V./0000-0002-5434-2247; Poulter, Benjamin/0000-0002-9493-8600; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan/0000-0003-1121-1869; Dolman, A.J./0000-0003-0099-0457; ANDRES, ROBERT/0000-0001-8781-4979; Gruber, Nicolas/0000-0002-2085-2310; Valentini, Riccardo/0000-0002-6756-5634; Canadell, Josep/0000-0002-8788-3218; Chevallier, Frederic/0000-0002-4327-3813; Heimann, Martin/0000-0001-6296-5113; Breon, Francois-Marie/0000-0003-2128-739X; Bovensmann, Heinrich/0000-0001-8882-4108; Tarasova, Olga/0000-0002-4230-3849 FU European Commission; Climate-KIC/European Institute of Technology; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Australian Professorial Fellowship [DP1096309] FX This study was carried out as part of the GEO task on integrated carbon observations (GEO Carbon Strategy Report; available for download at http://www.falw.vu/similar to dola/downloads.html coordinated by H. Dolman and P. Ciais), and the FP7 European Commission funded project GEOCARBON (www.geocarbon.net). The writing of the manuscript is sponsored by Climate-KIC/European Institute of Technology (www.climate-kic.org/) through the Carbocount project. RJA was sponsored by US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER) programs and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. P. Rayner is in receipt of an Australian Professorial Fellowship (DP1096309). NR 282 TC 29 Z9 28 U1 15 U2 106 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2014 VL 11 IS 13 BP 3547 EP 3602 DI 10.5194/bg-11-3547-2014 PG 56 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AL6TM UT WOS:000339265800009 ER PT J AU Egamberdiev, SS Salahutdinov, IB Abdullaev, AA Ulloa, M Saha, S Radjapov, F Mullaohunov, B Mansurov, D Jenkins, JN Abdurakhmonov, IY AF Egamberdiev, S. S. Salahutdinov, I. B. Abdullaev, A. A. Ulloa, M. Saha, S. Radjapov, F. Mullaohunov, B. Mansurov, D. Jenkins, J. N. Abdurakhmonov, I. Y. TI Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp vasinfectum race 3 by single-base extension method and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE allele specific PCR; cotton; race identification; SNP; beta-tubulin ID GENE GENEALOGIES; FORMAE-SPECIALES; PCR; COTTON; SEQUENCES; WILT; DIFFERENTIATION; QUANTIFICATION; GRAMINEARUM; LANGSETHIAE AB Allele specific (AS) SNP primers were developed for rapid detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV) race 3. These primers were designed based on single nucleotide polymorphisms of partial sequence alignment of the beta-tubulin (BT) gene from several FOV races. The primers showed high specificity for FOV race 3, and exclusively amplified PCR products from FOV race 3 DNAs and total genomic DNAs of FOV race 3-infected plant tissues. These primers did not produce any amplification products for races 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 of FOV or other FOV and Fusarium species from infected plant tissues. The assay is useful for specific and rapid detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum race 3. C1 [Egamberdiev, S. S.; Salahutdinov, I. B.; Abdullaev, A. A.; Radjapov, F.; Mullaohunov, B.; Abdurakhmonov, I. Y.] Minist Agr & Water Resources Uzbekistan, Acad Sci Uzbekistan, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Tashkent 111215, Kibray Region, Uzbekistan. [Egamberdiev, S. S.; Salahutdinov, I. B.; Abdullaev, A. A.; Radjapov, F.; Mullaohunov, B.; Abdurakhmonov, I. Y.] Uzpakhtasanoat Assoc, Tashkent 111215, Kibray Region, Uzbekistan. [Ulloa, M.] ARS, USDA, SPA, CSRL, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Saha, S.; Jenkins, J. N.] ARS, USDA, Crop Sci Res Lab, Strakville, MS 39762 USA. [Mansurov, D.] Acad Sci Uzbek, Inst Chem Plant Subst, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan. RP Abdurakhmonov, IY (reprint author), Minist Agr & Water Resources Uzbekistan, Acad Sci Uzbekistan, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Univ St 2, Tashkent 111215, Kibray Region, Uzbekistan. EM genomics@uzsci.net RI Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim/F-5588-2015 OI Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim/0000-0001-9563-0686 FU Office of International Research Programs, US Department of Agriculture (USDA) [UZB2-31016-TA-09] FX The authors thank the Office of International Research Programs, US Department of Agriculture (USDA) for funding this study under research grant UZB2-31016-TA-09 and U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF) for project coordination. We thank Dr. Brain E. Scheffler, USDA-ARS, Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit for sequencing Fov isolates. We are indebted to Dr. R. Davis, Department of Plant Pathology, Univ. of California, Davis, CA for providing reference FOV race DNAs. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. The U. S. Department of Agriculture is equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PY 2014 VL 36 IS 2 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1080/07060661.2014.905496 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AL4IN UT WOS:000339096500008 ER PT J AU Chen, XM AF Chen, X. M. TI Our current understanding of stripe rust and effective management SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PY 2014 VL 36 IS 2 BP 257 EP 257 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AL4IN UT WOS:000339096500026 ER PT J AU Gagnon, MC Bergeron, MJ Hamelin, RC Grunwald, NJ Bilodeau, GJ AF Gagnon, M. -C. Bergeron, M. -J. Hamelin, R. C. Grunwald, N. J. Bilodeau, G. J. TI Rapid identification of four Phytophthora ramorum lineages using cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) gene region and real-time PCR SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. [Bergeron, M. -J.; Hamelin, R. C.] Nat Resources Canada, Laurentian Forestry Ctr, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. [Hamelin, R. C.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Forest Sci Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Grunwald, N. J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PY 2014 VL 36 IS 2 BP 262 EP 262 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AL4IN UT WOS:000339096500039 ER PT J AU Furey, PC Kupferberg, SJ Lind, AJ AF Furey, P. C. Kupferberg, S. J. Lind, A. J. TI The perils of unpalatable periphyton: Didymosphenia and other mucilaginous stalked diatoms as food for tadpoles SO DIATOM RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE dams; Didymosphenia; Epithemia; food quality; power-peaking; Rana boylii; stalked diatoms; tadpole ID ALTERED FLOW REGIMES; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; REGULATED RIVERS; COLORADO RIVER; NEW-ZEALAND; AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY; ANURAN METAMORPHOSIS; THERMAL REGIMES; LARVAL GROWTH; STREAM AB Proliferations of Didymosphenia geminata are becoming prevalent in rivers around the globe. In the Sierra Nevada of California, Didymosphenia and other taxa that produce mucopolysaccharide stalks (e.g., Gomphoneis, Cymbella) can dominate benthic environments, particularly in the altered hydrologic and thermal regimes downstream of dams. We compared the prevalence of stalked diatoms in paired reaches, one free-flowing and the other regulated, within two Sierran river systems, the American and Feather Rivers. In the regulated reaches, short-term power generation caused daily flow fluctuations and periphyton biovolume was dominated by either Didymosphenia (where hypolimnetic releases created cool summer temperatures) or other stalked diatom taxa (where temperatures were warm). Periphyton assemblages from the unregulated sites were significantly different from the regulated reaches based on biovolume, with Gomphonema being the genus at unregulated sites contributing to the dissimilarities after accounting for the stalked genera from the regulated reaches. We evaluated the consequences of mucopolysaccharides for a large-bodied grazer, tadpoles of the foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii), in a factorial experiment manipulating diet and thermal regime. At 16.6 degrees C mean daily temperature, tadpoles lost weight (72h relative change of-16.1 +/- 7.2%) when grazing on periphyton from a Didymosphenia-dominated site. At 19.9 degrees C (similar to unregulated river conditions), tadpoles grazed Didymosphenia at a rate similar to tadpoles consuming higher protein control periphyton, but the former tadpoles did not grow (relative change of 4.3 +/- 5.4% vs 30.7 +/- 3.4% for control periphyton). When tadpoles were fed periphyton dominated by mucilaginous stalked diatoms other than Didymosphenia, tadpole weight loss was 21.0 +/- 9.2% (cool) and 16.6 +/- 5.6% (warm). The results illustrate that hydrologically or thermally mediated shifts in periphyton composition can have significant implications for the energy transferred to grazers. C1 [Furey, P. C.] St Catherine Univ, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Furey, P. C.; Kupferberg, S. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kupferberg, S. J.] Questa Engn, Pt Richmond, CA USA. [Lind, A. J.] Tahoe & Plumas Natl Forests, Nevada City, CA USA. [Lind, A. J.] US Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Furey, PC (reprint author), St Catherine Univ, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. EM pcfurey@hotmail.com; skupferberg@gmail.com FU Public Interest Energy Research Program of the California Energy Commission [CEC 500-08-031]; National Science Foundation National Center for Earth-surface Dynamics [NCED] [NSF OIA-0120914]; National Science Foundation grant, St. Catherine University [NSF-DEB 0950016]; St. Catherine University Academic Professional Development Committee grant FX We thank A. Catenazzi for help collecting eggs and algae; the East Bay Regional Park District for access to Alameda Creek; and the Public Interest Energy Research Program of the California Energy Commission for funding [CEC 500-08-031]; Pacific Gas & Electric for sharing data; M. E. Power and W. E. Dietrich for support and access to the Richmond Field Station. The project was approved by the UC Berkeley Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol #R132) and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (Scientific Collecting Permit # 10716). PCF received partial support from the National Science Foundation National Center for Earth-surface Dynamics [NCED; NSF OIA-0120914], a National Science Foundation grant awarded to Jill Welter [NSF-DEB 0950016] of St. Catherine University, and a St. Catherine University Academic Professional Development Committee grant awarded to PCF. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-249X EI 2159-8347 J9 DIATOM RES JI Diatom Res. PY 2014 VL 29 IS 3 SI SI BP 267 EP 280 DI 10.1080/0269249X.2014.924436 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AL8OT UT WOS:000339399400006 ER PT J AU Cooper, B AF Cooper, Bret TI Proof by synthesis of Tobacco mosaic virus SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; NICOTIANA-SYLVESTRIS; CHEMICAL-SYNTHESIS; INFECTIOUS TRANSCRIPTS; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; RIBONUCLEIC ACID; NUCLEIC ACID; GENOME; RNA; SEQUENCE AB Background: Synthetic biology is a discipline that includes making life forms artificially from chemicals. Here, a DNA molecule was enzymatically synthesized in vitro from DNA templates made from oligonucleotides representing the text of the first Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) sequence elucidated in 1982. No infectious DNA molecule of that seminal reference sequence exists, so the goal was to synthesize it and then build viral chimeras. Results: RNA was transcribed from synthetic DNA and encapsidated with capsid protein in vitro to make synthetic virions. Plants inoculated with the virions did not develop symptoms. When two nucleotide mutations present in the original sequence, but not present in most other TMV sequences in GenBank, were altered to reflect the consensus, the derivative synthetic virions produced classic TMV symptoms. Chimeras were then made by exchanging TMV capsid protein DNA with Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) capsid protein DNA. Virus expressing ToMV capsid protein exhibited altered, ToMV-like symptoms in Nicotiana sylvestris. A hybrid ORF6 protein unknown to nature, created by substituting the capsid protein genes in the virus, was found to be a major symptom determinant in Nicotiana benthamiana. Virus expressing BSMV capsid protein did not have an extended host range to barley, but did produce novel symptoms in N. benthamiana. Conclusions: This first report of the chemical synthesis and artificial assembly of a plant virus corrects a long-standing error in the TMV reference genome sequence and reveals that unnatural hybrid virus proteins can alter symptoms unexpectedly. C1 ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cooper, B (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bret.cooper@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX The research was funded entirely by the USDA-ARS. I thank Kimberly Campbell in my lab for growing plants, Wesley Garrett in the Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory for mass spectrometry, and Charles Murphy in the Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory for transmission electron microscopy. This work is dedicated to my TMV forefathers, CM Deom, RN Beachy and JA Dodds. NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 EI 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2014 VL 15 IS 5 AR R67 DI 10.1186/gb-2014-15-5-r67 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AL2UT UT WOS:000338981700002 PM 24887356 ER PT J AU Neale, DB Wegrzyn, JL Stevens, KA Zimin, AV Puiu, D Crepeau, MW Cardeno, C Koriabine, M Holtz-Morris, AE Liechty, JD Martinez-Garcia, PJ Vasquez-Gross, HA Lin, BY Zieve, JJ Dougherty, WM Fuentes-Soriano, S Wu, LS Gilbert, D Marcais, G Roberts, M Holt, C Yandell, M Davis, JM Smith, KE Dean, JFD Lorenz, WW Whetten, RW Sederoff, R Wheeler, N McGuire, PE Main, D Loopstra, CA Mockaitis, K deJong, PJ Yorke, JA Salzberg, SL Langley, CH AF Neale, David B. Wegrzyn, Jill L. Stevens, Kristian A. Zimin, Aleksey V. Puiu, Daniela Crepeau, Marc W. Cardeno, Charis Koriabine, Maxim Holtz-Morris, Ann E. Liechty, John D. Martinez-Garcia, Pedro J. Vasquez-Gross, Hans A. Lin, Brian Y. Zieve, Jacob J. Dougherty, William M. Fuentes-Soriano, Sara Wu, Le-Shin Gilbert, Don Marcais, Guillaume Roberts, Michael Holt, Carson Yandell, Mark Davis, John M. Smith, Katherine E. Dean, Jeffrey F. D. Lorenz, W. Walter Whetten, Ross W. Sederoff, Ronald Wheeler, Nicholas McGuire, Patrick E. Main, Doreen Loopstra, Carol A. Mockaitis, Keithanne deJong, Pieter J. Yorke, James A. Salzberg, Steven L. Langley, Charles H. TI Decoding the massive genome of loblolly pine using haploid DNA and novel assembly strategies SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID F-SP FUSIFORME; SYRINGYL LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; ASR GENE FAMILY; TAEDA L.; SUGAR PINE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FLOWERING PLANTS; PROTEIN FAMILIES; WATER-DEFICIT; RESISTANCE AB Background: The size and complexity of conifer genomes has, until now, prevented full genome sequencing and assembly. The large research community and economic importance of loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., made it an early candidate for reference sequence determination. Results: We develop a novel strategy to sequence the genome of loblolly pine that combines unique aspects of pine reproductive biology and genome assembly methodology. We use a whole genome shotgun approach relying primarily on next generation sequence generated from a single haploid seed megagametophyte from a loblolly pine tree, 20-1010, that has been used in industrial forest tree breeding. The resulting sequence and assembly was used to generate a draft genome spanning 23.2 Gbp and containing 20.1 Gbp with an N50 scaffold size of 66.9 kbp, making it a significant improvement over available conifer genomes. The long scaffold lengths allow the annotation of 50,172 gene models with intron lengths averaging over 2.7 kbp and sometimes exceeding 100 kbp in length. Analysis of orthologous gene sets identifies gene families that may be unique to conifers. We further characterize and expand the existing repeat library based on the de novo analysis of the repetitive content, estimated to encompass 82% of the genome. Conclusions: In addition to its value as a resource for researchers and breeders, the loblolly pine genome sequence and assembly reported here demonstrates a novel approach to sequencing the large and complex genomes of this important group of plants that can now be widely applied. C1 [Neale, David B.; Wegrzyn, Jill L.; Liechty, John D.; Martinez-Garcia, Pedro J.; Vasquez-Gross, Hans A.; Lin, Brian Y.; Zieve, Jacob J.; Wheeler, Nicholas; McGuire, Patrick E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stevens, Kristian A.; Crepeau, Marc W.; Cardeno, Charis; Dougherty, William M.; Langley, Charles H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zimin, Aleksey V.; Marcais, Guillaume; Roberts, Michael; Yorke, James A.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Puiu, Daniela; Salzberg, Steven L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Ctr Computat Biol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Koriabine, Maxim; Holtz-Morris, Ann E.; deJong, Pieter J.] Childrens Hosp Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA USA. [Fuentes-Soriano, Sara; Gilbert, Don; Mockaitis, Keithanne] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA. [Wu, Le-Shin] Indiana Univ, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Bloomington, IN USA. [Holt, Carson; Yandell, Mark] Univ Utah, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Davis, John M.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Smith, Katherine E.] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Saucier, MS USA. [Dean, Jeffrey F. D.; Lorenz, W. Walter] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Whetten, Ross W.; Sederoff, Ronald] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Main, Doreen] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Loopstra, Carol A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX USA. RP Neale, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dbneale@ucdavis.edu RI Whetten, Ross/A-9734-2013 FU USDA/NIFA [2011-67009-30030] FX Funding for this project was made available through the USDA/NIFA (2011-67009-30030) award to DBN at University of California, Davis. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of C. Dana Nelson at the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station for providing and verifying the genotype of target tree material. We also wish to thank the management and staff of the DNA Technologies core facility at the UC Davis Genome Center for providing expert and timely HiSeq sequencing services to this project. NR 98 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 7 U2 48 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 EI 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2014 VL 15 IS 3 AR R59 DI 10.1186/gb-2014-15-3-r59 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AL2UP UT WOS:000338981300015 PM 24647006 ER PT J AU Onwulata, CI Thomas-Gahring, AE Phillips, JG AF Onwulata, C. I. Thomas-Gahring, A. E. Phillips, J. G. TI PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MIXED DAIRY FOOD PROTEINS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Mixed proteins; Food proteins; Solubility; Viscosity; Spectroscopy; Microstructure ID WHEY PROTEINS; BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; INDUCED GELATION; EGG-ALBUMIN; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR; ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; SOLUBILITY; GELS AB Foods may contain more than one type of protein, and food formulators sometimes combine different proteins for desired synergistic textural benefits. Egg albumin, fish protein isolate, or soy protein isolate were blended with calcium caseinate or whey protein isolate and mixed in water adjusted to pH 2.5, 6.8, and 9.0 at 25 or 60 degrees C. The effect of pH and temperature on solubility, viscosity, and the structure of the resulting gels were determined. The viscosity at the most soluble concentration at 25 degrees C were: egg albumin (175.2 mPa.s/35 wt%), fish protein isolate (2207.4 mPa.s/30 wt%), soy protein isolate (2531.5 mPa.s/10 wt%), calcium caseinate (1115.8 mPa.s/15 wt%), and whey protein isolate (161.2 mPa.s/35%). In mixed protein systems viscosity values were reduced. The values for calcium caseinate or whey protein isolate with egg albumin, at the protein level of 15 g/100 g were: calcium caseinate/egg albumin (10:5 wt%) 535.1 mPa.s and whey protein isolate/egg albumin (10:5 wt%) 8.7 mPa.s. Microscopy imaging revealed changes in protein aggregation clusters during heating of calcium caseinate, egg albumin, and whey protein isolate. Egg albumin acted synergistically to increase viscosity, while fish protein isolate acted antagonistically to reduce viscosity. This knowledge is useful to manufacturers who may seek to enhance food texture by blending different proteins. C1 [Onwulata, C. I.; Thomas-Gahring, A. E.; Phillips, J. G.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Onwulata, CI (reprint author), USDA, 1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM charles.onwulata@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 EI 1532-2386 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PY 2014 VL 17 IS 10 BP 2241 EP 2262 DI 10.1080/10942912.2013.791836 PG 22 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AL3BY UT WOS:000339001500010 ER PT J AU Tachajapong, W Lozano, J Mahalingam, S Weise, DR AF Tachajapong, Watcharapong Lozano, Jesse Mahalingam, Shankar Weise, David R. TI Experimental modelling of crown fire initiation in open and closed shrubland systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire behaviour; fire prevention ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; TURBULENCE REDUCTION; PLANT CANOPY; SPREAD; IGNITION; FUELS; SCREENS; FLOW; WOOD AB The transition of surface fire to live shrub crown fuels was studied through a simplified laboratory experiment using an open-topped wind tunnel. Respective surface and crown fuels used were excelsior (shredded Populus tremuloides wood) and live chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum, including branches and foliage). A high crown fuel bulk density of 6.8 kg m(-3) with a low crown fuel base height of 0.20 m was selected to ensure successful crown fire initiation. Diagnostics included flame height and surface fire evolution. Experimental results were compared with similar experiments performed in an open environment, in which the side walls of the wind tunnel were removed. The effect of varying wind speed in the range 0-1.8 m s(-1), representing a Froude number range of 0-1.1, on crown fire initiation was investigated. The suppression of lateral entrainment due to wind tunnel walls influenced surface fire behaviour. When wind speed increased from 1.5 to 1.8 m s(-1), the rate of spread of surface fire and surface fire depth increased from 5.5 to 12.0 cm s(-1) and 0.61 to 1.02 m. As a result, the residence time of convective heating significantly increased from 16.0 to 24.0 s and the hot gas temperature at the crown base increased from 994 to 1141 K. The change in surface fire characteristics significantly affected the convective energy transfer process. Thus, the net energy transfer to the crown fuel increased so the propensity for crown fire initiation increased. In contrast, increasing wind speed decreased the tendency for crown fuel initiation in an open environment because of the cooling effect from fresh air entrainment via the lateral sides of surface fire. C1 [Tachajapong, Watcharapong] Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [Lozano, Jesse] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Mech Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Mahalingam, Shankar] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Weise, David R.] US Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Tachajapong, W (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM wtacha@dome.eng.cmu.ac.th OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 FU USDA/USDI [06-JV-11272166-058]; Forest Fire Laboratory, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Riverside, CA; Royal Thai government FX The funding source for this research is the USDA/USDI National Fire Plan administered through a Research Joint Venture Agreement number 06-JV-11272166-058 with the Forest Fire Laboratory, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Riverside, CA. W. Tachajapong acknowledges support from the Royal Thai government for an educational scholarship. The authors also express their appreciation to Dr Xiangyang Zhou from FM Global for his assistance in designing the experimental facility. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 4 BP 451 EP 462 DI 10.1071/WF12118 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AL6LX UT WOS:000339245300001 ER PT J AU Jolly, WM Hadlow, AM Huguet, K AF Jolly, W. Matt Hadlow, Ann M. Huguet, Kathleen TI De-coupling seasonal changes in water content and dry matter to predict live conifer foliar moisture content SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE carbohydrates; crude fat; model; relative water content ID FINE FUEL MOISTURE; FIRE BEHAVIOR; CROWN FIRE; SPREAD; NEEDLES; INDEX; TREES; REFLECTANCE; TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION AB Live foliar moisture content (LFMC) significantly influences wildland fire behaviour. However, characterising variations in LFMC is difficult because both foliar mass and dry mass can change throughout the season. Here we quantify the seasonal changes in both plant water status and dry matter partitioning. We collected new and old foliar samples from Pinus contorta for two growing seasons and quantified their LFMC, relative water content (RWC) and dry matter chemistry. LFMC quantifies the amount of water per unit fuel dry weight whereas RWC quantifies the amount of water in the fuel relative to how much water the fuel can hold at saturation. RWC is generally a better indicator of water stress than is LFMC. We separated water mass from dry mass for each sample and we attempted to best explain the seasonal variations in each using our measured physiochemical variables. We found thatRWCexplained 59% of variation in foliar water mass. Additionally, foliar starch, sugar and crude fat content explained 87% of the variation in seasonal dry mass changes. These two models combined explained 85% of the seasonal variations in LFMC. These results demonstrate that changes to dry matter exert a stronger control on seasonal LFMC dynamics than actual changes in water content, and they challenge the assumption that LFMC variations are strongly related to water stress. This methodology could be applied across a range of plant functional types to better understand the factors that drive seasonal changes in LFMC and live fuel flammability. C1 [Jolly, W. Matt; Hadlow, Ann M.; Huguet, Kathleen] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Jolly, WM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Highway 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM mjolly@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP-10-1-08-6] FX This work was completed in part by a grant from the Joint Fire Science Program (grant number JFSP-10-1-08-6). We thank the Lubrecht Experimental Forest of The University of Montana, College of Forestry and Conservation, and the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management for providing access for foliar sampling. NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 4 BP 480 EP 489 DI 10.1071/WF13127 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AL6LX UT WOS:000339245300003 ER PT J AU Silva, FRY Martinez, JRM Gonzalez-Caban, A AF Rodriguez y Silva, Francisco Molina Martinez, Juan Ramon Gonzalez-Caban, Armando TI A methodology for determining operational priorities for prevention and suppression of wildland fires SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE strategic fire management planning; wildfire behaviour; wildfire risk; wildfire suppression difficulty ID URBAN INTERFACE; FOREST-FIRES; RISK; MANAGEMENT; BEHAVIOR; CLIMATE; MODEL; FUELS; TOOL; INTEGRATION AB Traditional uses of the forest (timber, forage) have been giving way to other uses more in demand (recreation, ecosystem services). An observable consequence of this process of forest land use conversion is an increase in more difficult and extreme wildfires. Wildland forest management and protection program budgets are limited, and managers are requesting help in finding ways to objectively assign their limited protection resources based on the intrinsic environmental characteristics of a site and the site's interrelationship with available firefighting resources and existing infrastructure. A Fire Suppression Priority Index, integrating information on both the potential fire behaviour risk (Potential Fire Behaviour Index) and the fire suppression difficulty (Suppression Difficulty Index), provides managers with fundamental information for strategic planning and development of tactical operations to protect the natural environment. Results in the Cordoba Province, Andalusia's autonomous region, Spain, showed a statistically significant relationship between wildfire size and all three indices, demonstrating the utility of the methodology to identify and prioritise forest areas for strategic and tactical fire management operations. In addition, the methodology was tested and validated by trained and qualified wildfire management personnel in Chile and Israel, obtaining similar results as in Spain. C1 [Rodriguez y Silva, Francisco; Molina Martinez, Juan Ramon] Univ Cordoba, Dept Forest Engn, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. [Gonzalez-Caban, Armando] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Gonzalez-Caban, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM agonzalezcaban@fs.fed.us RI MOLINA MARTINEZ, JUAN RAMON/K-8225-2014; Rodriguez y Silva, Francisco/M-2829-2014; OI Rodriguez y Silva, Francisco/0000-0002-9368-4688 FU National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research; FEDER funds for the INFOCOPAS Project from the research sector 'Agriculture Technologies and Resources within Spain National Plan on Technological Development and Innovation, and Scientific Research I+D+I in Spanish [RTA2009-00153-C03] FX We thank the personnel of the Cordoba Operations Center for their valuable contribution and help in development of this work. This work was partially funded by a grant from the National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and a grant from the FEDER funds for the INFOCOPAS Project (RTA2009-00153-C03) from the research sector 'Agriculture Technologies and Resources within Spain National Plan on Technological Development and Innovation, and Scientific Research I+D+I in Spanish). We also thank two anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor for their help in improving presentation of the material. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 17 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 4 BP 544 EP 554 DI 10.1071/WF13063 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AL6LX UT WOS:000339245300009 ER EF