FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Parker, JK Wisotsky, SR Johnson, EG Hijaz, FM Killiny, N Hilf, ME De La Fuente, L AF Parker, Jennifer K. Wisotsky, Sarah R. Johnson, Evan G. Hijaz, Faraj M. Killiny, Nabil Hilf, Mark E. De La Fuente, Leonardo TI Viability of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' Prolonged by Addition of Citrus Juice to Culture Medium SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; METHYL CHLOROFORMATE DERIVATIZATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; HUANGLONGBING DISEASE; UNCULTURABLE BACTERIA; STARVATION-SURVIVAL; ETHIDIUM MONOAZIDE; INFECTED CITRUS; GROWTH; DIVERSITY AB Huanglongbing, or citrus greening disease, is associated with infection by the phloem-limited bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus'. Infection with 'Ca. L. asiaticus' is incurable; therefore, knowledge regarding 'Ca. L. asiaticus' biology and pathogenesis is essential to develop a treatment. However, 'Ca. L. asiaticus' cannot currently be successfully cultured, limiting its study. To gain insight into the conditions conducive for growth of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' in vitro, 'Ca. L. asiaticus' inoculum obtained from seed of fruit from infected pomelo trees (Citrus maxima 'Mato Buntan') was added to different media, and cell viability was monitored for up to 2 months using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in conjunction with ethidium monoazide. Media tested included one-third King's B (K), K with 50% juice from the infected fruit, K with 50% commercially available grapefruit juice, and 100% commercially available grapefruit juice. Results show that juice-containing media dramatically prolong viability compared with K in experiments reproduced during 2 years using different juice sources. Furthermore, biofilm formed at the air-liquid interface of juice cultures contained 'Ca. L. asiaticus' cells, though next-generation sequencing indicated that other bacterial genera were predominant. Chemical characterization of the media was conducted to discuss possible factors sustaining 'Ca. L. asiaticus' viability in vitro, which will contribute to future development of a culture medium for 'Ca. L. asiaticus'. C1 [Parker, Jennifer K.; De La Fuente, Leonardo] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Wisotsky, Sarah R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Johnson, Evan G.; Hijaz, Faraj M.; Killiny, Nabil] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Hilf, Mark E.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP De La Fuente, L (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM lzd0005@auburn.edu RI Parker, Jennifer/A-3273-2012; De La Fuente, Leonardo/A-2012-2013; Johnson, Evan/B-9864-2008 OI Parker, Jennifer/0000-0002-4382-0741; Johnson, Evan/0000-0001-7672-2120 FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc. [307]; Auburn University College of Sciences and Mathematics Undergraduate Research Fellowship FX Funding was provided by the Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc. (project number 307) and the Auburn University College of Sciences and Mathematics Undergraduate Research Fellowship. We thank K. Sims for providing citrus samples and experimental recommendations, M. Newman for help in setting up and operating the Illumina MiSeq, P. Cobine and J. Oliver for assistance with ICP-OES, F. Navarrete for helpful discussions on 'Ca. L. asiaticus' genetics, and J. Havird and J. Oliver for manuscript editing. NR 60 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 31 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2014 VL 104 IS 1 BP 15 EP 26 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-13-0119-R PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 274XJ UT WOS:000328639200001 PM 23883155 ER PT J AU Mallik, I Arabiat, S Pasche, JS Bolton, MD Patel, JS Gudmestad, NC AF Mallik, I. Arabiat, S. Pasche, J. S. Bolton, M. D. Patel, J. S. Gudmestad, N. C. TI Molecular Characterization and Detection of Mutations Associated with Resistance to Succinate Dehydrogenase-Inhibiting Fungicides in Alternaria solani SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; BOSCALID RESISTANCE; CERCOSPORA-BETICOLA; MULTIPLE RESISTANCE; Q(O)I FUNGICIDES; SDHI FUNGICIDES; QOI FUNGICIDES; F129L MUTATION; UNITED-STATES; CYTOCHROME-B AB Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is an economically important foliar disease of potato in several production areas of the United States. Few potato cultivars possess resistance to early blight; therefore, the application of fungicides is the primary means of achieving disease control. Previous work in our laboratory reported resistance to the succinate dehydrogenase-inhibiting (SDHI) fungicide boscalid in this plant pathogen with a concomitant loss of disease control. Two phenotypes were detected, one in which A. solani isolates were moderately resistant to boscalid, the other in which isolates were highly resistant to the fungicide. Resistance in other fungal plant pathogens to SDHI fungicides is known to occur due to amino acid exchanges in the soluble subunit succinate dehydrogenase B (SdhB), C (SdhC), and D (SdhD) proteins. In this study, the AsSdhB, AsSdhC, and AsSdhD genes were analyzed and compared in sensitive (50% effective concentration [EC50] < 5 mu g ml(-1)), moderately resistant (EC50 = 5.1 to 20 mu g ml(-1)), highly resistant (EC50 = 20.1 to 100 mu g ml(-1)), and very highly resistant (EC50 > 100 mu g ml(-1)) A. solani isolates. In total, five mutations were detected, two in each of the AsSdhB and AsSdhD genes and one in the AsSdhC gene. The sequencing of AsSdhB elucidated point mutations cytosine (C) to thymine (T) at nucleotide 990 and adenine (A) to guanine (G) at nucleotide 991, leading to an exchange from histidine to tyrosine (H278Y) or arginine (H278R), respectively, at codon 278. The H278R exchange was detected in 4 of 10 A. solani isolates moderately resistant to boscalid, exhibiting EC50 values of 6 to 8 mu g ml(-1). Further genetic analysis also confirmed this mutation in isolates with high and very high EC50 values for boscalid of 28 to 500 mu g ml(-1). Subsequent sequencing of AsSdhC and AsSdhD genes confirmed the presence of additional mutations from A to G at nucleotide position 490 in AsSdhC and at nucleotide position 398 in the AsSdhD, conferring H134R and H133R exchanges in AsSdhC and AsSdhD, respectively. The H134R exchange in AsSdhC was observed in A. solani isolates with sensitive, moderate, highly resistant, and very highly resistant boscalid phenotypes, and the AsSdhD H133R exchange was observed in isolates with both moderate and very high EC50 value boscalid phenotypes. Detection and differentiation of point mutations in AsSdhB resulting in H278R and H278Y exchanges in the AsSdhB subunit were facilitated by the development of a mismatch amplification mutation assay. Detection of these two mutations in boscalid-resistant isolates, in addition to mutations in AsSdhC and AsSdhD resulting in an H134R and H133R exchange, respectively, was achieved by the development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction to detect and differentiate the sensitive and resistant isolates based on the single-nucleotide polymorphisms present in all three genes. A single A. solani isolate with resistance to boscalid did not contain any of the above-mentioned exchanges but did contain a substitution of aspartate to glutamic acid at amino acid position 123 (D123E) in the AsSdhD subunit. Among A. solani isolates possessing resistance to boscalid, point mutations in AsSdhB were more frequently detected than mutations in genes coding for any other subunit. C1 [Mallik, I.; Arabiat, S.; Pasche, J. S.; Gudmestad, N. C.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Bolton, M. D.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Patel, J. S.] Univ Florida, Trop Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL 33033 USA. RP Gudmestad, NC (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Neil.Gudmestad@ndsu.edu RI Patel, Jaimin/L-2752-2015 OI Patel, Jaimin/0000-0003-2934-5427 FU Bayer CropScience; DuPont FX We thank H. F. Avenot for his guidance in aligning A. solani sequences and providing A. alternata isolates as controls for initial polymerase chain amplification reactions, and Bayer CropScience and DuPont for their financial support. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2014 VL 104 IS 1 BP 40 EP 49 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-02-13-0041-R PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 274XJ UT WOS:000328639200004 PM 23901829 ER PT J AU Horn, BW Sorensen, RB Lamb, MC Sobolev, VS Olarte, RA Worthington, CJ Carbone, I AF Horn, Bruce W. Sorensen, Ronald B. Lamb, Marshall C. Sobolev, Victor S. Olarte, Rodrigo A. Worthington, Carolyn J. Carbone, Ignazio TI Sexual Reproduction in Aspergillus flavus Sclerotia Naturally Produced in Corn SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus parasiticus; biological control; Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; AFLATOXIN GENE-CLUSTER; SECTION FLAVI; EUPENICILLIUM-OCHROSALMONEUM; UNITED-STATES; FUNGAL SCLEROTIA; MAIZE KERNELS; PEANUT SEEDS; A-TAMARII; PARASITICUS AB Aspergillus flavus is the major producer of carcinogenic aflatoxins worldwide in crops. Populations of A. flavus are characterized by high genetic variation and the source of this variation is likely sexual reproduction. The fungus is heterothallic and laboratory crosses produce ascospore-bearing ascocarps embedded within sclerotia. However, the capacity for sexual reproduction in sclerotia naturally formed in crops has not been examined. Corn was grown for 3 years under different levels of drought stress at Shellman, GA, and sclerotia were recovered from 146 ears (0.6% of ears). Sclerotia of A. flavus L strain were dominant in 2010 and 2011 and sclerotia of A. flavus S strain were dominant in 2012. The incidence of S strain sclerotia in corn ears increased with decreasing water availability. Ascocarps were not detected in sclerotia at harvest but incubation of sclerotia on the surface of nonsterile soil in the laboratory resulted in the formation of viable ascospores in A. flavus L and S strains and in homothallic A. alliaceus. Ascospores were produced by section Flavi species in 6.1% of the 6,022 sclerotia (18 of 84 ears) in 2010, 0.1% of the 2,846 sclerotia (3 of 36 ears) in 2011, and 0.5% of the 3,106 sclerotia (5 of 26 ears) in 2012. For sexual reproduction to occur under field conditions, sclerotia may require an additional incubation period on soil following dispersal at crop harvest. C1 [Horn, Bruce W.; Sorensen, Ronald B.; Lamb, Marshall C.; Sobolev, Victor S.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA USA. [Olarte, Rodrigo A.; Worthington, Carolyn J.; Carbone, Ignazio] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Horn, BW (reprint author), ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA USA. EM bruce.horn@ars.usda.gov FU North Carolina Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2008-34500-19396]; United States Department of Agriculture National Needs Fellowship; National Science Foundation's Dimensions of Biodiversity program [1046167] FX This work was partially funded by the North Carolina Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service 2008-34500-19396 to I. Carbone. R. A. Olarte was supported by a United States Department of Agriculture National Needs Fellowship. We also thank the National Science Foundation's Dimensions of Biodiversity program for financial support (award number 1046167); T. Walk, M. Schweikert, and J. Childre for their technical assistance; and R. Heiniger for allowing us to sample the North Carolina cornfield. NR 57 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 23 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2014 VL 104 IS 1 BP 75 EP 85 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-13-0129-R PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 274XJ UT WOS:000328639200008 PM 23883157 ER PT J AU Vittal, R Paul, C Hill, CB Hartman, GL AF Vittal, R. Paul, C. Hill, C. B. Hartman, G. L. TI Characterization and Quantification of Fungal Colonization of Phakopsora pachyrhizi in Soybean Genotypes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; RUST RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; 1ST REPORT; PENETRATION; LEAVES; SYD; RESPONSES; PARAGUAY; GERMINATION AB Soybean rust, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is an economically important disease of soybean with potential to cause severe epidemics resulting in significant yield losses. Host resistance is one of the management tools to control this disease. This study compared soybean genotypes exhibiting immunity, complete and incomplete resistance, and susceptibility to an isolate of P. pachyrhizi based on visual assessment of reaction type, other visual traits such as sporulation, quantitative measurements of the amount of fungal DNA (FDNA) present in leaf tissues, and data on infection and colonization levels. Soybean genotype UG5 (immune), and plant introduction (PI) 567102B and PI 567104B (complete resistance) had lower quantities of uredinia and FDNA than four other genotypes with incomplete resistance. Based on microscopic observations, early events of spore germination, appressorium formation, and fungal penetration of the epidermis occurred within 24 h postinoculation and were similar among the tested soybean genotypes. Differences in infection among the genotypes were evident once the hyphae penetrated into the intercellular spaces between the mesophyll cells. At 2 days after inoculation (dai), soybean genotype Williams 82 had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentage of hyphae in the mesophyll tissue than other soybean genotypes, with UG5 having significantly (P < 0.05) lower percentages than all of the other soybean genotypes at 3, 4, and 5 dai. The percentage of interaction sites with mesophyll cell death was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in UG5 than other genotypes at 3, 4, and 5 dai. There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.30, P < 0.001) between quantities of hyphae in the mesophyll cells and FDNA. These results demonstrated that incompatible soybean-P. pachyrhizi interaction results in restricted hyphal development in mesophyll cell tissue, likely due to hypersensitive apoptosis. C1 [Vittal, R.; Paul, C.; Hill, C. B.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, G. L.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@illinois.edu FU United Soybean Board FX We thank the United Soybean Board for partial financial support of this research and T. Herman for critical review of this manuscript. Trade and manufacturers' names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2014 VL 104 IS 1 BP 86 EP 94 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-12-12-0334-R PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 274XJ UT WOS:000328639200009 PM 24073640 ER PT J AU Scott, JB Gent, DH Pethybridge, SJ Groom, T Hay, FS AF Scott, Jason B. Gent, David H. Pethybridge, Sarah J. Groom, Tim Hay, Frank S. TI Crop Damage from Sclerotinia Crown Rot and Risk Factors in Pyrethrum SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CARBOHYDRATE RESERVES; DISEASE SEVERITY; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; RAY BLIGHT; MANAGEMENT; TEMPERATURE; GERMINATION; DEFOLIATION; REGROWTH; MOISTURE AB Sclerotinia crown rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and S. minor, is a prevalent disease in pyrethrum fields in Australia. Management involves fungicide applications during the rosette stage of plant development from autumn to early spring in fields approaching first harvest. However, estimates of crop damage and the efficacy of these tactics are poorly understood; therefore, plots were established in 86 pyrethrum fields in Tasmania, Australia during 2010 to 2012 to quantify these and to identify risk factors for disease outbreaks. On average, commercial management for Sclerotinia crown rot reduced disease incidence 43 to 67% compared with nontreated plots. There was a weak but significant relationship between relative increase in flower yield when fungicides were applied and the incidence of crown rot (R-2 = 0.09, P = 0.006), although the mean number of flowers produced was similar regardless of fungicide applications. Flower yield was positively associated with canopy density in spring (S = 0.39, P = 0.001). Moreover, canopy density in spring was linked by both direct and indirect effects to canopy density during autumn and winter which, in turn, were associated with planting date and previous rain events. Modeling canopy density and disease incidence in autumn correctly categorized disease incidence in spring relative to a threshold of 2% in 72% of fields. In a subset of 22 fields monitored over 2 years, canopy density in the autumn following the first harvest had a negative relationship with Sclerotinia crown rot incidence the preceding year (R-2 = 0.23, P = 0.006). On average, however, current commercial management efforts provided only small increases in flower yield in the current season and appear best targeted to fields with well-developed plant canopies and Sclerotinia crown rot present during early autumn. C1 [Scott, Jason B.; Hay, Frank S.] Univ Tasmania, TIA, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. [Gent, David H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pethybridge, Sarah J.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Groom, Tim] Bot Resources Australia Agr Serv Pty Ltd, Ulverstone, Tas, Australia. RP Scott, JB (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, TIA, Cradle Coast Campus, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. EM Jason.Scott@utas.edu.au RI Scott, Jason/D-4553-2011; Scott, Jason/C-2395-2014 OI Scott, Jason/0000-0001-9443-4384; Scott, Jason/0000-0001-9443-4384 FU Botanical Resources Australia, Pty. Ltd. [LP100100529]; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [CRIS 5358-21000-035-00]; Australian Research Council Linkage program in partnership FX This project was funded by the Australian Research Council Linkage program in partnership with Botanical Resources Australia, Pty. Ltd. (project LP100100529) and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS 5358-21000-035-00. We thank the growers and field officers who allowed access to their fields that made this research possible; C. Palmer (Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture) for excellent technical assistance; and B. Nelson (North Dakota State University), M. Twomey (Oregon State University), and W. Nelson (Plant and Food Research Ltd.) for their review and suggestions that improved this manuscript. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 1 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-13-0599-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275DQ UT WOS:000328656900014 ER PT J AU Byamukama, E Wegulo, SN Tatineni, S Hein, GL Graybosch, RA Baenziger, PS French, R AF Byamukama, E. Wegulo, S. N. Tatineni, S. Hein, G. L. Graybosch, R. A. Baenziger, P. S. French, R. TI Quantification of Yield Loss Caused by Triticum mosaic virus and Wheat streak mosaic virus in Winter Wheat Under Field Conditions SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CURL MITE; CULTIVARS; IDENTIFICATION; REGISTRATION; PLAINS AB Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) and Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) infect winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the Great Plains region of the United States. The two viruses are transmitted by wheat curl mites (Aceria tosichella), which also transmit High Plains virus. In a field study conducted in 2011 and 2012, winter wheat cultivars Millennium (WSMV-susceptible) and Mace (WSMV-resistant) were mechanically inoculated with TriMV, WSMV, TriMV+WSMV, or sterile water at the two-leaf growth stage. Chlorophyll meter (soil plant analysis development [SPAD]) readings, area under the SPAD progress curve (AUSPC), grain yield (=yield), yield components (spikes/m(2), kernels/spike, 1,000-kernel weight), and aerial dry matter were determined. In Millennium, all measured variables were significantly reduced by single or double virus inoculation, with the greatest reductions occurring in the double-inoculated treatment. Among the yield components, the greatest reductions occurred in spikes/m(2). In Mace, only AUSPC was significantly reduced by the TriMV+WSMV treatment in 2012. There was a significant (P <= 0.05), negative linear relationship between SPAD readings and day of year in all inoculation treatments in Millennium and in the TriMV+WSMV treatment in Mace. There were significant (P <= 0.05), positive linear relationships between yield and SPAD readings and between yield and aerial dry matter in Millennium but not in Mace. The results from this study indicate that under field conditions, (i) Mace, a WSMV-resistant cultivar, is also resistant to TriMV, and (ii) double inoculation of winter wheat by TriMV and WSMV exacerbates symptom expression and yield loss in a susceptible cultivar. C1 [Byamukama, E.; Wegulo, S. N.; Tatineni, S.; French, R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatineni, S.; Graybosch, R. A.; French, R.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Hein, G. L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.; Baenziger, P. S.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wegulo, SN (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM swegulo2@unl.edu RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014; OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954; Wegulo, Stephen/0000-0002-4435-6055 FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-85605-20546] FX We thank Michael Zwingman, Julie Stevens, and Janelle Millhouse for their invaluable assistance with field work. Funding for this work was provided by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program Grant Number 2010-85605-20546 from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 1 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-13-0419-RE PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275DQ UT WOS:000328656900017 ER PT J AU Munyaneza, JE Sengoda, VG Aguilar, E Bextine, B McCue, KF AF Munyaneza, J. E. Sengoda, V. G. Aguilar, E. Bextine, B. McCue, K. F. TI First Report of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' on Pepper in Honduras. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Munyaneza, J. E.; Sengoda, V. G.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Aguilar, E.] Zamorano Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Bextine, B.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [McCue, K. F.] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 1 BP 154 EP 154 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-13-0598-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275DQ UT WOS:000328656900023 ER PT J AU Blomquist, CL Scheck, HJ Haynes, J Woods, PW Bischoff, J AF Blomquist, C. L. Scheck, H. J. Haynes, J. Woods, P. W. Bischoff, J. TI First Published Report of Rust on White Alder Caused by Melampsoridium hiratsukanum in the United States. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Blomquist, C. L.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Haynes, J.; Woods, P. W.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Bischoff, J.] USDA APHIS PPQ NIS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Blomquist, CL (reprint author), Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 1 BP 155 EP 156 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275DQ UT WOS:000328656900027 ER PT J AU Rosskopf, EN Hong, J Kokalis-Burelle, N AF Rosskopf, E. N. Hong, J. Kokalis-Burelle, N. TI First Report of Colletotrichum lupini on Lupinus hartwegii and L. mutabilis. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Rosskopf, E. N.; Hong, J.; Kokalis-Burelle, N.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Rosskopf, EN (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 1 BP 161 EP 161 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275DQ UT WOS:000328656900041 ER PT J AU Chen, W Dugan, RM McGee, R AF Chen, W. Dugan, R. M. McGee, R. TI First Report of Dodder (Cuscuta pentagona) on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Chen, W.; Dugan, R. M.; McGee, R.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 1 BP 165 EP 165 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0334-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275DQ UT WOS:000328656900053 ER PT J AU Yang, LM Koo, DH Li, DW Zhang, T Jiang, JM Luan, FS Renner, SS Henaff, E Sanseverino, W Garcia-Mas, J Casacuberta, J Senalik, DA Simon, PW Chen, JF Weng, YQ AF Yang, Luming Koo, Dal-Hoe Li, Dawei Zhang, Tao Jiang, Jiming Luan, Feishi Renner, Susanne S. Henaff, Elizabeth Sanseverino, Walter Garcia-Mas, Jordi Casacuberta, Josep Senalik, Douglas A. Simon, Philipp W. Chen, Jinfeng Weng, Yiqun TI Next-generation sequencing, FISH mapping and synteny-based modeling reveal mechanisms of decreasing dysploidy in Cucumis SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE chromosome evolution; comparative genome mapping; Cucumis; de novo genome sequence; dysploid chromosome number reduction; synteny ID CHROMOSOME-NUMBER REDUCTION; MELON C. MELO; SATIVUS L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; KARYOTYPE EVOLUTION; LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; GENOME COMPARISONS; ANCESTRAL GENOME; GENETIC-MARKERS; DRAFT GENOME AB In the large Cucurbitaceae genus Cucumis, cucumber (C.sativus) is the only species with 2n=2x=14 chromosomes. The majority of the remaining species, including melon (C.melo) and the sister species of cucumber, C.hystrix, have 2n=2x=24 chromosomes, implying a reduction from n=12 to n=7. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we investigated chromosome synteny among cucumber, C.hystrix and melon using integrated and complementary approaches. We identified 14 inversions and a C.hystrix lineage-specific reciprocal inversion between C.hystrix and melon. The results reveal the location and orientation of 53 C.hystrix syntenic blocks on the seven cucumber chromosomes, and allow us to infer at least 59 chromosome rearrangement events that led to the seven cucumber chromosomes, including five fusions, four translocations, and 50 inversions. The 12 inferred chromosomes (AK1-AK12) of an ancestor similar to melon and C.hystrix had strikingly different evolutionary fates, with cucumber chromosome C1 apparently resulting from insertion of chromosome AK12 into the centromeric region of translocated AK2/AK8, cucumber chromosome C3 originating from a Robertsonian-like translocation between AK4 and AK6, and cucumber chromosome C5 originating from fusion of AK9 and AK10. Chromosomes C2, C4 and C6 were the result of complex reshuffling of syntenic blocks from three (AK3, AK5 and AK11), three (AK5, AK7 and AK8) and five (AK2, AK3, AK5, AK8 and AK11) ancestral chromosomes, respectively, through 33 fusion, translocation and inversion events. Previous results (Huang, S., Li, R., Zhang, Z. etal., , Nat. Genet. 41, 1275-1281; Li, D., Cuevas, H.E., Yang, L., Li, Y., Garcia-Mas, J., Zalapa, J., Staub, J.E., Luan, F., Reddy, U., He, X., Gong, Z., Weng, Y. 2011a, BMC Genomics, 12, 396) showing that cucumber C7 stayed largely intact during the entire evolution of Cucumis are supported. Results from this study allow a fine-scale understanding of the mechanisms of dysploid chromosome reduction that has not been achieved previously. C1 [Yang, Luming; Koo, Dal-Hoe; Li, Dawei; Zhang, Tao; Jiang, Jiming; Senalik, Douglas A.; Simon, Philipp W.; Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Li, Dawei] Northwest A&F Univ, Hort Coll, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Luan, Feishi] Northeast Agr Univ, Hort Coll, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Renner, Susanne S.] Univ Munich, Dept Biol, D-80638 Munich, Germany. [Henaff, Elizabeth; Sanseverino, Walter; Garcia-Mas, Jordi; Casacuberta, Josep] Univ Barcelona, Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Recerca & Tecnolo Agroalimentaries, CSIC,Ctr Rech Agr Genom, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Senalik, Douglas A.; Simon, Philipp W.; Weng, Yiqun] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Chen, Jinfeng] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Weng, YQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM weng4@wisc.edu RI Zhang, Tao/C-5212-2014; Zhang, Tao/L-9336-2013; Garcia-Mas, Jordi/B-9694-2012; Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009; OI Zhang, Tao/0000-0002-7897-0205; Garcia-Mas, Jordi/0000-0001-7101-9049; Sanseverino, Walter/0000-0003-3324-5912 FU US Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System Project [3655-21000-048-00D]; US Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant [2011-51181-30661] FX This research was supported by US Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System Project 3655-21000-048-00D and a US Department of Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant (project number 2011-51181-30661) to Y.W. NR 63 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 77 IS 1 BP 16 EP 30 DI 10.1111/tpj.12355 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 275FI UT WOS:000328661300002 PM 24127692 ER PT J AU Geiger, JH Meerow, AW Lewis, C Oviedo, R Francisco-Ortega, J AF Geiger, John H. Meerow, Alan W. Lewis, Carl Oviedo, Ramona Francisco-Ortega, Javier TI Genetic diversity and conservation of Ipomoea microdactyla (Convolvulaceae): an endemic vine from the Bahamas, Cuba, and southeastern Florida SO PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity hotspots; Caribbean Basin; conservation genetics; habitat fragmentation; tropical islands ID POPULATION-SIZE; ALLOZYME VARIATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; INTEGRATED SOFTWARE; PLANT CONSERVATION; SOUTHERN FLORIDA; CLONAL STRUCTURE; CARIBBEAN BASIN; RARE ALLELES; WEST-INDIES AB Ipomoea microdactyla Griseb. (Convolvulaceae) is restricted to the Bahamian archipelago, Cuba, and southeastern Florida. The species is listed as a state endangered species in Florida, where it is mostly restricted to the hyperfragmented pine rockland of Miami-Dade County. Using seven DNA microsatellite loci, we assessed levels of genetic diversity for 12 populations of this species from Andros Island in the Bahamas (six sites), Cuba (one site), and Florida (five sites). We found significantly greater mean numbers of alleles, and higher mean values for both observed and expected heterozygosity in populations from the continuous forest on Andros than those from the habitat fragments in Florida. It is unknown if these patterns of genetic diversity in the Florida populations are the result of habitat fragmentation or founder effects. The population from Cuba exhibited relatively high levels of genetic variation, suggesting that this island is a major center of diversity and dispersal for this species. It appears that hybrid introgression for I.carolina alleles within I.microdactyla individuals occurred at a single site on Andros Island. Overall, the mean inbreeding coefficient value was 0.089, suggesting low levels of inbreeding. The highest inbreeding coefficient values were mostly recorded in Florida. Two groups were revealed, one containing the populations from Florida, and the second one encompassing those from the Bahamas and Cuba. Our results highlight the negative genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation and support initiatives recently established to establish corridors to connect the remnants of the pine forest of the Miami-Dade County. C1 [Geiger, John H.; Lewis, Carl; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Geiger, John H.; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Ctr Trop Plant Conservat, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Meerow, Alan W.] ARS, Natl Germplasm Repository, USDA, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Oviedo, Ramona] Minist Sci Technol & Environm, Bot Div, Inst Ecol & Systemat, Havana 10800, Cuba. [Oviedo, Ramona] Minist Sci Technol & Environm, Natl Herbarium, Inst Ecol & Systemat, Havana 10800, Cuba. RP Geiger, JH (reprint author), Miami Dade Coll, Dept Biol Hlth & Wellness, Kendall Campus, Miami, FL 33176 USA. EM jgeiger@mdc.edu FU EPA MAI STAR grant [U916090]; Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden; FIU Graduate School Dissertation Year Fellowship; Garden Club of America; Florida Native Plant Society; FIU Graduate Student Association; Judith Evans-Parker Travel Grant at FIU FX We dedicate this paper to Dr Suzanne Koptur in recognition of her mentorship and outstanding career in tropical plant ecology. This is contribution number 220 from the Tropical Biology Program of FIU. Our gratitude to the Forfar Biological Field Station in Andros. We thank Miami-Dade County Parks and Recreation Department (Natural Areas Management), Florida Division of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Palmetto Bay Parks and Recreation Department, and the Florida Department of Transportation for facilitating research in Florida. Daniel Gann helped with the preparation of maps. This project was funded by an EPA MAI STAR grant (number U916090); Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden; FIU Graduate School Dissertation Year Fellowship; the Garden Club of America; the Florida Native Plant Society; the FIU Graduate Student Association; and the Judith Evans-Parker Travel Grant at FIU. NR 102 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0913-557X EI 1442-1984 J9 PLANT SPEC BIOL JI Plant Spec. Biol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 29 IS 1 BP 2 EP 15 DI 10.1111/j.1442-1984.2012.00381.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 277ME UT WOS:000328822800002 ER PT J AU TerAvest, MA He, Z Rosenbaum, MA Martens, EC Cotta, MA Gordon, JI Angenent, LT AF TerAvest, Michaela A. He, Zhen Rosenbaum, Miriam A. Martens, Eric C. Cotta, Michael A. Gordon, Jeffrey I. Angenent, Largus T. TI Regulated Expression of Polysaccharide Utilization and Capsular Biosynthesis Loci in Biofilm and Planktonic Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron During Growth in Chemostats SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biofilm; carbohydrate metabolism; transcriptomics; polysaccharide; microbiology; Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ID HUMAN GUT SYMBIONT; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; FORMING MUC2 MUCIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; BACTERIAL SYMBIONT; STARCH; RECOGNITION; COMMUNITIES; MICROBIOTA AB Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is a prominent member of the human distal gut microbiota that specializes in breaking down diet and host-derived polysaccharides. While polysaccharide utilization has been well studied in B. thetaiotaomicron, other aspects of its behavior are less well characterized, including the factors that allow it to maintain itself in the gut. Biofilm formation may be a mechanism for bacterial retention in the gut. Therefore, we used custom GeneChips to compare the transcriptomes of biofilm and planktonic B. thetaiotaomicron during growth in mono-colonized chemostats. We identified 1,154 genes with a fold-change greater than 2, with confidence greater than or equal to 95%. Among the prominent changes observed in biofilm populations were: (i) greater expression of genes in polysaccharide utilization loci that are involved in foraging of O-glycans normally found in the gut mucosa; and (ii) regulated expression of capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis loci. Hierarchical clustering of the data with different datasets, which were obtained during growth under a range of conditions in minimal media and in intestinal tracts of gnotobiotic mice, revealed that within this group of differentially expressed genes, biofilm communities were more similar to the in vivo samples than to planktonic cells and exhibited features of substrate limitation. The current study also validates the use of chemostats as an in vitro gnotobiotic model to study gene expression of attached populations of this bacterium. This is important to gut microbiota research, because bacterial attachment and the consequences of disruptions in attachment are difficult to study in vivo. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 165-173. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [TerAvest, Michaela A.; Rosenbaum, Miriam A.; Angenent, Largus T.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [He, Zhen] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Rosenbaum, Miriam A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Appl Microbiol, Aachen, Germany. [Martens, Eric C.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Martens, Eric C.; Gordon, Jeffrey I.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Genome Sci & Syst Biol, St Louis, MO USA. [Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Angenent, LT (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM la249@cornell.edu RI Rosenbaum, Miriam/E-5317-2011 OI Rosenbaum, Miriam/0000-0002-4566-8624 FU National Science Foundation [0939882]; NIH [DK30292] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; Contract grant number: 0939882; Contract grant sponsor: NIH; Contract grant number: DK30292 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 EI 1097-0290 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 111 IS 1 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1002/bit.24994 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 265VB UT WOS:000327979100016 PM 23996813 ER PT J AU Zhao, Q Zhu, JWJ Qin, YC Pan, PL Tu, HT Du, WX Zhou, WF Baxendale, FP AF Zhao, Qing Zhu, Junwei J. Qin, Yuchuan Pan, Pengliang Tu, Hongtao Du, Wenxiao Zhou, Wangfang Baxendale, Frederick P. TI Reducing whiteflies on cucumber using intercropping with less preferred vegetables SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE sweet potato whitefly; population suppression; celery; Malabar spinach; D-limonene; geranyl nitrile; Hemiptera; Aleyrodidae; Cucumis sativus; Cucurbitaceae; Bemisia tabaci ID BEMISIA-TABACI HEMIPTERA; SPECIES COMPLEX; SWEET-POTATO; Q-BIOTYPE; ALEYRODIDAE; POPULATIONS; RESISTANCE; GREENHOUSE; VOLATILES; CHINA AB The effectiveness of four less preferred vegetables - celery, asparagus lettuce, Malabar spinach, and edible amaranth - were investigated for suppression of two biotypes of sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. (Cucurbitaceae). Intercropping celery and Malabar spinach with cucumber significantly reduced whitefly numbers on cucumber. Y-tube olfactometer behavioral assays revealed that whiteflies were strongly repelled from the aqueous extracts of the less preferred vegetables. The level of whitefly repellency varied with combinations of intercropped vegetables, and also differed between the two whitefly biotypes. For whitefly biotype B, the greatest repellency was observed with asparagus lettuce extract, whereas celery and Malabar spinach extracts were more repellent to whitefly biotype Q. Two major volatile constituent compounds were identified, D-limonene from celery and geranyl nitrile from Malabar spinach. Sprayable 1% formulations of these compounds significantly reduced whitefly colonization on cucumber under field conditions. C1 [Zhao, Qing; Qin, Yuchuan; Pan, Pengliang; Tu, Hongtao; Du, Wenxiao; Zhou, Wangfang] China Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Junwei J.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, AMRU, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Baxendale, Frederick P.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Qin, YC (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM qyuchuan@cau.edu.cn FU Professional Science and Technology Foundation from the Ministry of Agriculture of China [200803032, 201103002] FX This study was supported by the Professional Science and Technology Foundation (award no. 200803032 and 201103002) from the Ministry of Agriculture of China. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 150 IS 1 BP 19 EP 27 DI 10.1111/eea.12135 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269VU UT WOS:000328271300003 ER PT J AU Haavik, LJ Graves, AD Coleman, TW Flint, ML Venette, RC Seybold, SJ AF Haavik, L. J. Graves, A. D. Coleman, T. W. Flint, M. L. Venette, R. C. Seybold, S. J. TI Suitability of native and ornamental oak species in California for Agrilus auroguttatus SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE host range; invasive species; phloem and wood borer; Section Lobatae; Section Quercus; Coleoptera; Buprestidae; Fagaceae ID PLANIPENNISI HYMENOPTERA EULOPHIDAE; SCHAEFFER COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; BRONZE BIRCH BORER; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; UNITED-STATES; COXALIS WATERHOUSE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MORTALITY FACTORS; CERAMBYCIDAE; BEETLE AB Goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus Schaeffer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a new invasive species in southern California, USA. The extent of the host range of this insect is not known, but this knowledge will have a major impact on assessment of the risks that this pest poses to oaks [Quercus spp. (Fagaceae)]. We conducted laboratory tests to determine the potential suitability of native and ornamental oak species for larvae and adults of A.auroguttatus. We infested 179 cut logs (from 163 different trees) with eggs or larvae, measured neonate survival and, after 5months, counted feeding galleries, and noted the proportion of galleries with late instars. Initial larval survival was generally high when larvae penetrated the phloem (range: 62-98% among oak species), and low by the time larvae began to feed at the phloem/xylem interface (range: 0-25% among oak species). The majority of larvae that established a visible feeding gallery survived to the fourth instar (total of 73% for all oak species). Larval galleries were established with greater frequency in red oaks (Section Lobatae) compared with other oaks (19 vs. 7 or 4%). All red oaks tested (Q.agrifolia Nee, Q.kelloggii Newberry, and Q.wislizeni A. DC.) were likely suitable hosts for larvae. Larvae were apparently able to feed on some of the other oaks (Q.chrysolepis Leibmann, Q.suber L., Q.lobata Nee, and Q.douglasii Hook & Arn), although it remains unclear whether these species would be preferred hosts under natural conditions. Adult longevity and fecundity varied little by species of oak foliage fed to adults. The host range of A.auroguttatus is likely limited by suitability of oak species for the larval rather than the adult life stage. Results support published field observations that red oaks are more suitable hosts than white oaks. C1 [Haavik, L. J.; Graves, A. D.; Flint, M. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Graves, A. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Coleman, T. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, San Bernardino, CA USA. [Venette, R. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Seybold, S. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. RP Haavik, LJ (reprint author), Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM ljhaavik@gmail.com OI Haavik, Laurel/0000-0002-7749-9095 FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection and Research and Development [R5-2010-02]; USDA Forest Service Northern and Pacific Southwest Research Stations; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection-Pacific Southwest Region; University of California-Davis FX We thank Lauren Walker, Mike Jones, Stacy Hishinuma (all UC-Davis, Department of Entomology), Grayland Walter, Shakeeb Hamud, Susan Schilling (all USDA Forest Service), the Cleveland National Forest for field and laboratory assistance, and Vanessa Lopez, Bud Mayfield, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We also thank Y. Chen (UC-Davis Department of Entomology) for sharing unpublished data on adult feeding. This study was supported by a Special Technology Development Program grant (#R5-2010-02) from the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection and Research and Development; by the USDA Forest Service Northern and Pacific Southwest Research Stations; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection-Pacific Southwest Region; and by the University of California-Davis. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 150 IS 1 BP 86 EP 97 DI 10.1111/eea.12141 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269VU UT WOS:000328271300009 ER PT J AU Andrade-Sanchez, P Gore, MA Heun, JT Thorp, KR Carmo-Silva, AE French, AN Salvucci, ME White, JW AF Andrade-Sanchez, Pedro Gore, Michael A. Heun, John T. Thorp, Kelly R. Carmo-Silva, A. Elizabete French, Andrew N. Salvucci, Michael E. White, Jeffrey W. TI Development and evaluation of a field-based high-throughput phenotyping platform SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cotton; genetics; Gossypium barbadense; phenomics; proximal sensing ID PHENOMICS AB Physiological and developmental traits that vary over time are difficult to phenotype under relevant growing conditions. In this light, we developed a novel system for phenotyping dynamic traits in the field. System performance was evaluated on 25 Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) cultivars grown in 2011 at Maricopa, Arizona. Field-grown plants were irrigated under well watered and water-limited conditions, with measurements taken at different times on 3 days in July and August. The system carried four sets of sensors to measure canopy height, reflectance and temperature simultaneously on four adjacent rows, enabling the collection of phenotypic data at a rate of 0.84ha h(-1). Measurements of canopy height, normalised difference vegetation index and temperature all showed large differences among cultivars and expected interactions of cultivars with water regime and time of day. Broad-sense heritabilities (H-2)were highest for canopy height (H-2=0.86-0.96), followed by the more environmentally sensitive normalised difference vegetation index (H-2=0.28-0.90) and temperature (H-2=0.01-0.90) traits. We also found a strong agreement (r(2)=0.35-0.82) between values obtained by the system, and values from aerial imagery and manual phenotyping approaches. Taken together, these results confirmed the ability of the phenotyping system to measure multiple traits rapidly and accurately. C1 [Andrade-Sanchez, Pedro; Heun, John T.] Univ Arizona, Maricopa Agr Ctr, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Gore, Michael A.; Thorp, Kelly R.; Carmo-Silva, A. Elizabete; French, Andrew N.; Salvucci, Michael E.; White, Jeffrey W.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Andrade-Sanchez, P (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Maricopa Agr Ctr, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 37860 W Smith Enke Rd, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM pandrade@ag.arizona.edu RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009; French, Andrew/M-4734-2014 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X; French, Andrew/0000-0002-4018-1817 FU Cotton Inc.; United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) FX This research was supported by Cotton Inc. (PA-S and MAG) and United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) (MAG, KRT, ANF, MES and JWW). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We especially thank Doug Hunsaker for consultation on irrigation scheduling, as well as Kristen Cox, Bill Luckett, Joel Gilley and Bob Strand for providing excellent technical expertise. PA-S and MAG contributed equally to this work. NR 25 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 73 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2014 VL 41 IS 1 BP 68 EP 79 DI 10.1071/FP13126 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 271BM UT WOS:000328365500007 ER PT J AU Wanner, LA Kirk, WW Qu, XS AF Wanner, L. A. Kirk, W. W. Qu, X. S. TI Field efficacy of nonpathogenic Streptomyces species against potato common scab SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; common scab; disease suppression; nonpathogenic Streptomyces spp; potato; Streptomyces scabies ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PATHOGENIC STREPTOMYCES; PLANT-DISEASE; GREEN MANURES; BIOCONTROL; SOIL; LESIONS; BACTERIA; COMMUNITIES; COMPETITION AB AimsThe primary objective of these experiments was to reduce pathogenicity and virulence of endemic soil pathogenic Streptomyces strains that cause potato common scab (CS) using nonpathogenic Streptomyces strains to suppress CS in a field situation. Methods and ResultsNonpathogenic Streptomyces strains that had shown potential for mitigating CS in greenhouse assays were used in Michigan and Pennsylvania fields known to have high CS disease pressure. Five biocontrol (BC) strains and three potato cultivars were used in 2009, and three BC strains and three cultivars were used in 2010 in each location. The effects of BC strains on CS disease incidence and severity differed between locations, years and potato cultivars. When overall means of individual BC treatments were compared with nontreated controls, CS incidence and severity were decreased by all BC strains in PA2009, PA2010 and MI2010, particularly in cultivar Yukon Gold' in MI. Biocontrol treatments also significantly shifted the proportions of superficial, raised and pitted lesion types in some cultivar/biocontrol treatment combinations. ConclusionsAll BC strains significantly reduced CS incidence and severity on Yukon Gold' in three of four trials, and one BC strain significantly improved the lesion severity profile in cultivar Atlantic'. No BC strain significantly reduced CS incidence and severity on all potato cultivars in the different years and locations. Significance and Impact of the StudySeveral nonpathogenic Streptomyces strains showed potential to reduce CS incidence and severity on two important potato-chipping cultivars in the field. These results can be further applied to reduce CS disease severity in potatoes. C1 [Wanner, L. A.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruit & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kirk, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Qu, X. S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Wanner, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruit & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM leslie.wanner@ars.udsa.gov FU USDA-State Cooperative Potato Grants; USDA-ARS [1275-21220-251-0OD] FX We thank Rob Schafer and Mike Peck for their extensive efforts in field work in Michigan and Pennsylvania, respectively, and Kathleen Haynes for statistical consultation. Financial support from the USDA-State Cooperative Potato Grants and from USDA-ARS project number 1275-21220-251-0OD is gratefully acknowledged. Mention of trade names, proprietary products or vendors does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA or imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 116 IS 1 BP 123 EP 133 DI 10.1111/jam.12336 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 269ZL UT WOS:000328284000014 PM 24034169 ER PT S AU Jazmin, LJ O'Grady, JP Ma, FF Allen, DK Morgan, JA Young, JD AF Jazmin, Lara J. O'Grady, John P. Ma, Fangfang Allen, Doug K. Morgan, John A. Young, Jamey D. BE DieuaideNoubhani, M Alonso, AP TI Isotopically Nonstationary MFA (INST-MFA) of Autotrophic Metabolism SO PLANT METABOLIC FLUX ANALYSIS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Metabolic flux analysis; Isotopomer analysis; Nonaqueous fractionation; Mass spectrometry; Elementary metabolite unit; Isotopomer modeling; Autotrophic metabolism ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; C-13 LABELING EXPERIMENTS; FLUX ANALYSIS; ISOTOPOMER DISTRIBUTIONS; NONAQUEOUS FRACTIONATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACID CYCLE; NETWORKS; SOFTWARE; PATHWAY AB Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is a powerful approach for quantifying plant central carbon metabolism based upon a combination of extracellular flux measurements and intracellular isotope labeling measurements. In this chapter, we present the method of isotopically nonstationary C-13 MFA (INST-MFA), which is applicable to autotrophic systems that are at metabolic steady state but are sampled during the transient period prior to achieving isotopic steady state following the introduction of (CO2)-C-13. We describe protocols for performing the necessary isotope labeling experiments, sample collection and quenching, nonaqueous fractionation and extraction of intracellular metabolites, and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of metabolite labeling. We also outline the steps required to perform computational flux estimation using INST-MFA. By combining several recently developed experimental and computational techniques, INST-MFA provides an important new platform for mapping carbon fluxes that is especially applicable to autotrophic organisms, which are not amenable to steady-state C-13 MFA experiments. C1 [Jazmin, Lara J.; Young, Jamey D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [O'Grady, John P.; Morgan, John A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ma, Fangfang; Allen, Doug K.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Allen, Doug K.] ARS, USDA, St Louis, MO USA. RP Jazmin, LJ (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI Young, Jamey/A-5857-2012; Allen, Doug/M-2836-2013 OI Allen, Doug/0000-0001-8599-8946 NR 53 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-62703-688-7; 978-1-62703-687-0 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1090 BP 181 EP 210 DI 10.1007/978-1-62703-688-7_12 D2 10.1007/978-1-62703-688-7 PG 30 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA BJH06 UT WOS:000328152700013 PM 24222417 ER PT S AU Kim, SB Huang, HT Tsang, L Jackson, T McNairn, H van Zyl, J AF Kim, Seung-bum Huang, Huan-ting Tsang, Leung Jackson, Thomas McNairn, Heather van Zyl, Jakob BE Anonymous TI Soil moisture retrieval using L-band time-series SAR data from the SMAPVEX12 experiment SO 10TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR (EUSAR 2014) SE EUSAR Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR) CY JUN 03-05, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP ITG, VDE, DLR, Airbus Def & Space, Fraunhofer, EUREL, URSI, DGON, IEEE GRSS, IEEE AESS AB The algorithms for retrieving soil moisture contents within the top 5 cm of the soil using the L-band multi-polarized radar data from the future Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) mission were applied to the data sets obtained by the recent aircraft field campaign in Winnipeg Canada in 2012 (SMAPVEX12), and the algorithm performance was evaluated. Two algorithms are: the time-series inversion of radar scattering forward models "data-cubes" and the change detection method. The SMAPVEX12 data sets include airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data and ground-based measurements of soil and vegetation. These data were collected over fields with diverse crops and a wide range of moisture and vegetation conditions. In general, volumetric soil moisture and backscattering coefficients showed a positive relationship and the vegetation effects were significant for corn and beans. Assessed over all available fields of corn, beans, pasture, and wheat, the data-cube time-series inversion resulted in a retrieval rmse of 0.050 to 0.090 cm(3)/cm(3), and correlations of 0.5 to 0.9. Compared with the change detection approach, the data-cube inversion performed better in the presence of significant vegetation growth. C1 [Kim, Seung-bum; van Zyl, Jakob] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Huang, Huan-ting; Tsang, Leung] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Jackson, Thomas] USDA, ARS Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Washington, DC USA. [McNairn, Heather] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Kim, SB (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM seungbum.kim@jpl.nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VDE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA BISMARCKSTRASSE 33, BERLIN, 10625, GERMANY SN 2197-4403 BN 978-3-8007-3607-2 J9 EUSAR PROC PY 2014 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BE2FB UT WOS:000369143500042 ER PT S AU Treuhaft, R Goncalves, F dos Santos, JR Palace, M Keller, M Madsen, S Sullivan, F Graca, P AF Treuhaft, Robert Goncalves, Fabio dos Santos, Joao Roberto Palace, Michael Keller, Michael Madsen, Soren Sullivan, Franklin Graca, Paulo BE Anonymous TI Exploring Vegetation Profiles from TanDEM-X Phase, Lidar, and Field Measurements in Tropical Forests SO 10TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR (EUSAR 2014) SE EUSAR Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (EUSAR) CY JUN 03-05, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP ITG, VDE, DLR, Airbus Def & Space, Fraunhofer, EUREL, URSI, DGON, IEEE GRSS, IEEE AESS AB This paper explores the hypothesis that few-look phases from TanDEM-X have information about the vegetation profile over 50 x 50 m stands in tropical moist forests in Brazil. The formalism for modeling the interferometric phase of interferometric SAR (InSAR) is examined before taking the look, or ensemble average. It is suggested that it is the look averaging that produces the Fourier transform of the radar power profile in InSAR. Before the look averaging, a histogram of InSAR phases seems related to the radar power profile, which, in turn, is related to vegetation density. After a qualitative argument about the information in the few-look phases, 2-look phase histograms are shown along with lidar waveform profiles and modeled field profiles. It is observed that, for taller stands, TanDEM-X profiles are narrower than lidar and field profiles, suggesting less penetration. There is some suggestion that lidar ground finding needs honing and/or there has been disturbance over the observation period between 2010 and 2012. C1 [Treuhaft, Robert; Madsen, Soren] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Goncalves, Fabio] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA. [dos Santos, Joao Roberto; Graca, Paulo] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Palace, Michael; Sullivan, Franklin] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Keller, Michael] USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Treuhaft, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM robert.treuhaft@jpl.nasa.gov; goncalves@whrc.org; jroberto@ltid.inpe.br; palace@guero.sr.unh.edu; mkeller.co2@gmail.com; soren.madsen@jpl.nasa.gov; franklin.sullivan@unh.edu; pmalencastro@gmail.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU VDE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA BISMARCKSTRASSE 33, BERLIN, 10625, GERMANY SN 2197-4403 BN 978-3-8007-3607-2 J9 EUSAR PROC PY 2014 PG 3 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BE2FB UT WOS:000369143500226 ER PT J AU Lang, R Seker, S Yuan, Y Kurum, M Ogut, M O'Neill, P Cosh, M AF Lang, R. Seker, S. Yuan, Y. Kurum, M. Ogut, M. O'Neill, P. Cosh, M. GP IEEE TI Use of Periodic Stalks to Model L Band Returns from Corn SO 2014 XXXITH URSI GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM (URSI GASS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS) CY AUG 16-23, 2014 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP URSI C1 [Lang, R.; Yuan, Y.; Ogut, M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Seker, S.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Elect Elect Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kurum, M.] TUBITAK BILGEM, Informat Technol Inst, Kocaeli, Turkey. [O'Neill, P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cosh, M.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lang, R (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM lang@gwu.edu; sseker@gwu.edu; gwyuan@gwmail.gwu.edu; seker@boun.edu.tr; ogutmehmet@yahoo.com; peggy.e.oneill@nasa.gov; mehmet.kurum@tubitak.gov.tr NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5225-3 PY 2014 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BE0QU UT WOS:000366628702138 ER PT J AU Bellaloui, N Mengistu, A Kassem, MA Abel, CA Zobiole, LHS AF Bellaloui, Nacer Mengistu, Alemu Kassem, My Abdelmajid Abel, Craig A. Zobiole, L. H. S. BE Ohyama, T TI Role of Boron Nutrient in Nodules Growth and Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean Genotypes Under Water Stress Conditions SO ADVANCES IN BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF NITROGEN FIXATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CARBON-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; SYMBIOTIC N-2 FIXATION; MOENCH VOSS SEEDLINGS; NITRATE REDUCTASE; USE EFFICIENCY; SEED QUALITY; NATURAL ABUNDANCES; ROOT-NODULES; CELL-WALLS; DROUGHT C1 [Bellaloui, Nacer] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Mengistu, Alemu] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN USA. [Kassem, My Abdelmajid] Fayetteville State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Plant Genom & Biotechnol Lab, Fayetteville, NC USA. [Abel, Craig A.] Iowa State Univ, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res, Ames, IA USA. [Zobiole, L. H. S.] R&D Dow AgroSci Brazil, Crop Protect, Cascavel, Parana, Brazil. RP Bellaloui, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-1216-7 PY 2014 BP 237 EP 258 DI 10.5772/56994 D2 10.5772/56990 PG 22 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BE1NR UT WOS:000368239000011 ER PT S AU Weimer, PJ AF Weimer, Paul J. BE Sun, J Ding, SY DoranPeterson, J TI The Ruminant Animal as a Natural Biomass-Conversion Platform and a Source of Bioconversion Agents SO BIOLOGICAL CONVERSION OF BIOMASS FOR FUELS AND CHEMICALS: EXPLORATIONS FROM NATURAL UTILIZATION SYSTEMS SE RSC Energy and Environment Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CELLULOLYTIC RUMEN BACTERIA; EVALUATING CATTLE DIETS; PRETREATED CORN STOVER; FED CONTINUOUS-CULTURE; RUMINOCOCCUS-ALBUS; PURE CULTURES; IN-VITRO; NET CARBOHYDRATE; PROTEIN SYSTEM; FATTY-ACIDS C1 [Weimer, Paul J.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weimer, Paul J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weimer, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM paul.weimer@ars.usda.gov NR 137 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2044-0774 BN 978-1-84973-424-0 J9 RSC ENERGY ENVIRON S PY 2014 VL 10 BP 248 EP 281 PG 34 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BG2RM UT WOS:000387591300015 ER PT J AU Cavaleri, MA Ostertag, R Cordell, S Sack, L AF Cavaleri, Molly A. Ostertag, Rebecca Cordell, Susan Sack, Lawren TI Native trees show conservative water use relative to invasive trees: results from a removal experiment in a Hawaiian wet forest SO CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Invaded forest; invasive species removal experiment; lowland wet forest; Metrosideros polymorpha; sap flux; transpiration AB While the supply of freshwater is expected to decline in many regions in the coming decades, invasive plant species, often 'high water spenders', are greatly expanding their ranges worldwide. In this study, we quantified the ecohydrological differences between native and invasive trees and also the effects of woody invasive removal on plot-level water use in a heavily invaded mono-dominant lowland wet tropical forest on the Island of Hawaii. We measured transpiration rates of co-occurring native and invasive tree species with and without woody invasive removal treatments. Twenty native Metrosideros polymorpha and 10 trees each of three invasive species, Cecropia obtusifolia, Macaranga mappa and Melastoma septemnervium, were instrumented with heat-dissipation sap-flux probes in four 100 m(2) plots (two invaded, two removal) for 10 months. In the invaded plots, where both natives and invasives were present, Metrosideros had the lowest sap-flow rates per unit sapwood, but the highest sap-flow rates per whole tree, owing to its larger mean diameter than the invasive trees. Stand-level water use within the removal plots was half that of the invaded plots, even though the removal of invasives caused a small but significant increase in compensatory water use by the remaining native trees. By investigating the effects of invasive species on ecohydrology and comparing native vs. invasive physiological traits, we not only gain understanding about the functioning of invasive species, but we also highlight potential water-conservation strategies for heavily invaded mono-dominant tropical forests worldwide. Native-dominated forests free of invasive species can be conservative in overall water use, providing a strong rationale for the control of invasive species and preservation of native-dominated stands. C1 [Cavaleri, Molly A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Ostertag, Rebecca] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Sack, Lawren] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Cavaleri, MA (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM macavale@mtu.edu RI Sack, Lawren/A-5492-2008 OI Sack, Lawren/0000-0002-7009-7202 FU NSF; National Science Foundation EPSCoR [0237065, 0554657]; National Science Foundation [0546784, 1147292] FX We gratefully acknowledge the help of A. Kagawa, S. James, J. Michaud and C. Giardina for their guidance with instrumentation and study design. Field and laboratory assistance were provided by J. Haraguchi, I. Anderson, K. Norman, K. Street, G. Kanekoa, J. Schulten, L. Swinehart, I. Blanch, C. Garcia-Verdugo De Lucas and F. Inman. Access to field sites and research facilitation were provided by Col. O. Peterson of the Hawaii Army National Guard Environmental Office, Major Lindsey and C. Blaisdell, at Keaukaha Military Reservation. We thank NSF-Funded Integrated Mentorship in Hawaiian Research, Education and Outreach Program and the University of Hawaii Native Hawaiian Science and Engineering Mentoring Program for providing interns to help in the laboratory and field. We gratefully acknowledge the USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry for logistical support. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation EPSCoR [ 0237065 and 0554657 to R. O., S. C. and L. S.] and the National Science Foundation [ 0546784 and 1147292 to L.S.]. NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2051-1434 J9 CONSERV PHYSIOL JI Conserv. Physiol. PY 2014 VL 2 IS 1 AR cou016 DI 10.1093/conphys/cou016 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Physiology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physiology GA V43TN UT WOS:000209703800014 PM 27293637 ER PT S AU Lapidot, M Legg, JP Wintermantel, WM Polston, JE AF Lapidot, Moshe Legg, James P. Wintermantel, William M. Polston, Jane E. BE Loebenstein, G Katis, N TI Management of Whitefly-Transmitted Viruses in Open-Field Production Systems SO CONTROL OF PLANT VIRUS DISEASES - SEED-PROPAGATED CROPS SE Advances in Virus Research LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID YELLOW-LEAF-CURL; STUNTING-DISORDER-VIRUS; CASSAVA MOSAIC-VIRUS; BEMISIA-ARGENTIFOLII HOMOPTERA; BROWN-STREAK-VIRUS; COAT PROTEIN GENE; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; INFECTIOUS CHLOROSIS VIRUS; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; TOMATO-TORRADO-VIRUS AB Whiteflies are a key pest of crops in open-field production throughout the tropics and subtropics. This is due in large part to the long and diverse list of devastating plant viruses transmitted by these vectors. Open-field production provides many challenges to manage these viruses and in many cases adequate management has not been possible. Diseases caused by whitefly-transmitted viruses have become limiting factors in open-field production of a wide range of crops, i.e., bean golden mosaic disease in beans, tomato yellow leaf curl disease in tomato, cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease in cassava, and cotton leaf crumple disease in cotton. While host resistance has proven to be the most cost-effective management solution, few examples of host resistance have been developed to date. The main strategy to limit the incidence of virus-infected plants has been the application of insecticides to reduce vector populations aided to some extent by the use of selected cultural practices. However, due to concerns about the effect of insecticides on pollinators, consumer demand for reduced pesticide use, and the ability of the whitefly vectors to develop insecticide-resistance, there is a growing need to develop and deploy strategies that do not rely on insecticides. The reduction in pesticide use will greatly increase the need for genetic resistance to more viruses in more crop plants. Resistance combined with selected IPM strategies could become a viable means to increase yields in crops produced in open fields despite the presence of whitefly-transmitted viruses. C1 [Lapidot, Moshe] ARO, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Bet Dagan, Israel. [Legg, James P.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Wintermantel, William M.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Polston, Jane E.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Lapidot, M (reprint author), ARO, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Bet Dagan, Israel. EM lapidotm@volcani.agri.gov.il NR 248 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-3527 BN 978-0-12-801246-8 J9 ADV VIRUS RES JI Adv.Virus Res. PY 2014 VL 90 BP 147 EP 206 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-801246-8.00003-2 PG 60 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BF5HU UT WOS:000382007800004 PM 25410102 ER PT S AU Redinbaugh, MG Zambrano, JL AF Redinbaugh, Margaret G. Zambrano, Jose L. BE Loebenstein, G Katis, N TI Control of Virus Diseases in Maize SO CONTROL OF PLANT VIRUS DISEASES - SEED-PROPAGATED CROPS SE Advances in Virus Research LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID DWARF-MOSAIC-VIRUS; CHLOROTIC-MOTTLE-VIRUS; RAYADO-FINO-VIRUS; RIO-CUARTO-VIRUS; CORN ZEA-MAYS; LONG-DISTANCE MOVEMENT; TOBACCO ETCH VIRUS; HIGH-PLAINS VIRUS; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION AB Diseases caused by viruses are found throughout the maize-growing regions of the world and can cause significant losses for producers. In this review, virus diseases of maize and the pathogens that cause them are discussed. Factors leading to the spread of disease and measures for disease control are reviewed, as is our current knowledge of the genetics of virus resistance in this important crop. C1 [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] ARS, USDA, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Zambrano, Jose L.] Inst Nacl Autonomo Invest Agr INIAP, Programa Nacl Maiz, Quito, Ecuador. RP Redinbaugh, MG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM redinbaugh.2@osu.edu NR 201 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-3527 BN 978-0-12-801246-8 J9 ADV VIRUS RES JI Adv.Virus Res. PY 2014 VL 90 BP 391 EP 429 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-801246-8.00008-1 PG 39 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BF5HU UT WOS:000382007800009 PM 25410107 ER PT J AU Burt, R Hernandez, L Shaw, R Tunstead, R Ferguson, R Peaslee, S AF Burt, R. Hernandez, L. Shaw, R. Tunstead, R. Ferguson, R. Peaslee, S. TI Trace element concentration and speciation in selected urban soils in New York City SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Geochemistry; New York City; Trace elements ID HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; FOREST SOILS; GEOCHEMICAL PATTERNS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; COPPER SMELTER; SURVEY PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; EXTERIOR DUST; GARDEN SOILS AB A long history of urbanization and industrialization has affected trace elements in New York City (NYC) soils. Selected NYC pedons were analyzed by aqua regia microwave digestion and sequential chemical extraction as follows: water soluble (WS); exchangeable (EX); specifically sorbed/carbonate bound (SS/CAR); oxide-bound (OX); organic/sulfide bound (OM/S). Soils showed a range in properties (e.g., pH 3.9 to 7.4). Sum of total extractable (SUMTE) trace elements was higher in NYC parks compared to Bronx River watershed sites. NYC surface horizons showed higher total extractable (TE) levels compared to US non-anthropogenic soils. TE levels increased over 10 year in some of the relatively undisturbed and mostly wooded park sites. Surface horizons of park sites with long-term anthropogenic inputs showed elevated TE levels vs. subsurface horizons. Conversely, some Bronx River watershed soils showed increased concentrations with depth, reflective of their formation in a thick mantle of construction debris increasing with depth and intermingled with anthrotransported soil materials. Short-range variability was evident in primary pedons and satellite samples (e.g., Pb 253 +/- 143 mg/kg). Long-range variability was indicated by Pb-TE (348 versus 156 mg/kg) and Hg-TE (1 versus 0.3 mg/kg) concentrations varying several-fold in the same soil but in different geographic locations. Relative predominance of fractions: RES (37 %) > SS/CAR (22 %) > OX (20 %) > OM/S (10 %) > EX (7 %) > WS (4 %). WS and EX fractions were greatest for Hg (7 %) and Cd (14 %), respectively. RES was predominant fraction for Co, Cr, Ni, and Zn (41 to 51 %); SS/CAR for Cd and Pb (40 and 63 %); OM/S for Cu and Hg (36 and 37 %); and OX for As (59 %). C1 [Burt, R.; Ferguson, R.; Peaslee, S.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. [Hernandez, L.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. [Shaw, R.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Somerset, NJ USA. [Tunstead, R.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Hammonton, NJ USA. RP Burt, R (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. EM rebecca.burt@lin.usda.gov NR 118 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 65 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 186 IS 1 BP 195 EP 215 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3366-1 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 269GI UT WOS:000328229200016 PM 23943242 ER PT J AU Fehmi, JS Niu, GY Scott, RL Mathias, A AF Fehmi, Jeffrey S. Niu, Guo-Yue Scott, Russell L. Mathias, Andrea TI Evaluating the effect of rainfall variability on vegetation establishment in a semidesert grassland SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Southern Arizona; Land reclamation; Grass germination; Seeding failure ID WARM-SEASON GRASSES; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; GERMINATION RESPONSE; TEMPERATE GRASSLAND; BLUE GRAMA; SOIL; WATER; RESTORATION; EMERGENCE; RECRUITMENT AB Of the operations required for reclamation in arid and semi-arid regions, establishing vegetation entails the most uncertainty due to reliance on unpredictable rainfall for seed germination and seedling establishment. The frequency of successful vegetation establishment was estimated based on a land surface model driven by hourly atmospheric forcing data, 7 years of eddy-flux data, and 31 years of rainfall data at two adjacent sites in southern Arizona, USA. Two scenarios differing in the required imbibition time for successful germination were evaluated-2 or 3 days availability of sufficient surface moisture. Establishment success was assumed to occur if plants could germinate and if the drying front in the soil did not overtake the growth of seminal roots. Based on our results, vegetation establishment could be expected to fail in 32 % of years. In the worst 10-year span, six of ten plantings would have failed. In the best 10-year span, only one of ten was projected to fail. Across all assessments, at most 3 years in a row failed and 6 years in a row were successful. Funding for reclamation seeding must be available to allow reseeding the following year if sufficient amount and timing of rainfall does not occur. C1 [Fehmi, Jeffrey S.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Niu, Guo-Yue; Mathias, Andrea] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Scott, Russell L.] ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Fehmi, JS (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM jfehmi@email.arizona.edu RI Niu, Guo-Yue/B-8317-2011; OI Fehmi, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0618-9740 FU Rosemont Copper Company FX The Rosemont Copper Company funded this research. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 186 IS 1 BP 395 EP 406 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3384-z PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 269GI UT WOS:000328229200032 PM 23974536 ER PT J AU Khongphinitbunjong, K de Guzman, LI Buawangpong, N Rinderer, TE Frake, AM Chantawannakul, P AF Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong de Guzman, Lilia I. Buawangpong, Ninat Rinderer, Thomas E. Frake, Amanda M. Chantawannakul, Panuwan TI Observations on the removal of brood inoculated with Tropilaelaps mercedesae (Acari: Laelapidae) and the mite's reproductive success in Apis mellifera colonies SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tropilaelaps mercedesae; Non reproduction; Brood removal; Hygienic behavior; Resistance; Mesostigmata ID DESTRUCTOR MESOSTIGMATA VARROIDAE; PARASITIC HONEYBEE MITE; HYMENOPTERA APIDAE; HYGIENIC BEHAVIOR; BEES; CLAREAE; JACOBSONI; RESISTANCE; SURVIVAL; DORSATA AB This study assessed the response of Apis mellifera to brood deliberately infested with Tropilaelaps mercedesae. The reproductive success of T. mercedesae in mite-inoculated and naturally infested brood was also compared. The presence of T. mercedesae inside brood cells significantly affected brood removal. Thai A. mellifera removed 52.6 +/- 8.2 % of the brood inoculated with T. mercedesae as compared to 17.2 +/- 1.8 and 5.7 +/- 1.1 % removal rates for the groups of brood with their cell cappings opened and closed without mite inoculation and the control brood (undisturbed, no mite inoculation), respectively. Brood removal peaked during the second and third days post inoculation when test brood was at the prepupal stage. Overall, non-reproduction (NR) of foundress T. mercedesae was high. However, when NR was measured based on the criteria used for Varroa, the naturally infested pupae (NIP) supported the highest NR (92.8 %). Newly sealed larvae inoculated with Tropilaelaps collected from newly sealed larvae (NSL) had 78.2 % NR and those inoculated with Tropilaelaps collected from tan-bodied pupae (TBP) had 76.8 % NR. Since Tropilaelaps is known to have a short development period and nearly all progeny reach adulthood by the time of host emergence, we also used two Tropilaelaps-specific criteria to determine NR. Foundresses that did not produce progeny and those that produced only one progeny were considered NR. Using these two criteria, NR decreased tremendously but showed similar trends with means of 65, 40 and 33 % for NIP, NSL and TBP, respectively. High NR in the NIP group may indicate increased hygienic behavior in Thai A. mellifera colonies. The removal of infested prepupae or tan-bodied pupae will likely decrease the reproductive potential of Tropilaelaps. Our study suggests that brood removal may be one of the resistance mechanisms towards T. mercedesae by naturally adapted Thai A. mellifera. C1 [Khongphinitbunjong, Kitiphong; Buawangpong, Ninat; Chantawannakul, Panuwan] Chiang Mai Univ, Bee Protect Ctr, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [de Guzman, Lilia I.; Rinderer, Thomas E.; Frake, Amanda M.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Chantawannakul, Panuwan] Chiang Mai Univ, Mat Sci Res Ctr, Fac Sci, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. RP Chantawannakul, P (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Bee Protect Ctr, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM panuwan@gmail.com FU Thailand Research fund [BRG 5580013]; Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program FX We acknowledge the Thailand Research fund (BRG 5580013) for this project and the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program for financial support to Kitiphong Khongphinitbunjong. We also thank the Agricultural Extension and Development Center in Chiang Mai for providing honey bee colonies. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 EI 1572-9702 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 62 IS 1 BP 47 EP 55 DI 10.1007/s10493-013-9728-0 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 267TS UT WOS:000328121700004 PM 23979656 ER PT J AU Kanno, Y Letcher, BH Coombs, JA Nislow, KH Whiteley, AR AF Kanno, Yoichiro Letcher, Benjamin H. Coombs, Jason A. Nislow, Keith H. Whiteley, Andrew R. TI Linking movement and reproductive history of brook trout to assess habitat connectivity in a heterogeneous stream network SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dispersal; fitness; functional connectivity; gene flow; reproductive success ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; BROWN TROUT; RESTRICTED MOVEMENT; ATLANTIC SALMON; MARK-RECAPTURE; GENE FLOW; PEDIGREE RECONSTRUCTION; DEPENDENT SURVIVAL AB 1. Defining functional connectivity between habitats in spatially heterogeneous landscapes is a particular challenge for small-bodied aquatic species. Traditional approaches (e.g. mark-recapture studies) preclude an assessment of animal movement over the life cycle (birth to reproduction), and movement of individuals may not represent the degree of gene movement for fecund species. 2. We investigated the degree of habitat connectivity (defined as the exchange of individuals and genes between mainstem and tributary habitats) in a stream brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) population using mark-recapture [passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags], stationary PIT-tag antennae and genetic pedigree data collected over 4years (3425 marked individuals). We hypothesised that: (i) a combination of these data would reveal higher estimates of animal movement over the life cycle (within a generation), relative to more temporally confined approaches, and (ii) movement estimates of individuals within a generation would differ from between-generation movement of genes because of spatial variation in reproductive success associated with high fecundity of this species. 3. Over half of PIT-tagged fish (juveniles and adults) were recaptured within 20m during periodic sampling, indicating restricted movement. However, continuous monitoring with stationary PIT-tag antennae revealed distinct peaks in trout movements in June and October-November, and sibship data inferred post-emergence movements of young-of-year trout that were too small to be tagged physically. A combination of these methods showed that a moderate portion of individuals (28-33%) moved between mainstem and tributary habitats over their life cycle. 4. Patterns of reproductive success varied spatially and temporally. The importance of tributaries as spawning habitat was discovered by accounting for reproductive history. When individuals born in the mainstem reproduced successfully, over 50% of their surviving offspring were inferred to have been born in tributaries. This high rate of gene movement to tributaries was cryptic, and it would have been missed by estimates based only on movement of individuals. 5. This study highlighted the importance of characterising animal movement over the life cycle for inferring habitat connectivity accurately. Such movements of individuals can contribute to substantial gene movements in a fecund species characterised by high variation in reproductive success. C1 [Kanno, Yoichiro; Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Silvio O Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Coombs, Jason A.; Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Whiteley, Andrew R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Letcher, BH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Silvio O Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. EM bletcher@usgs.gov FU Nature Conservancy Connecticut River Program; US Fish and Wildlife Service North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative FX We thank the many people who helped collect data from the West Brook system, especially Matthew O'Donnell and Todd Dubreuil. Steve Jane performed the microsatellite genotyping. Funding for this work has been provided by The Nature Conservancy Connecticut River Program and The US Fish and Wildlife Service North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative. We thank Ronald Bassar and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier draft. NR 61 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1 BP 142 EP 154 DI 10.1111/fwb.12254 PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 269EY UT WOS:000328225500012 ER PT J AU Wilson, MK Lowe, WH Nislow, KH AF Wilson, Matthew K. Lowe, Winsor H. Nislow, Keith H. TI What predicts the use by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) of terrestrial invertebrate subsidies in headwater streams? SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE forest succession; headwater streams; invertebrate; Salvelinus fontinalis; spatial subsidy ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EARLY-SUCCESSIONAL FORESTS; RAINBOW-TROUT; AQUATIC LINKAGES; HARMONIC RADAR; FOOD WEBS; LAND-USE; MACROINVERTEBRATE PRODUCTION; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; MOUNTAIN STREAM AB 1. Spatial subsidies are important resources for organisms in receiving habitats, particularly when production in those habitats is low. Terrestrial invertebrates provide a critical subsidy for trout, including eastern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), but we have limited understanding of what causes input and use of these subsidies to vary among streams. 2. We predicted that forest successional stage would be an especially important driver of variation in terrestrial invertebrate subsidies to brook trout in headwater streams due to differences in terrestrial invertebrate biomass in early and late successional habitats. Specifically, we expected biomass of aerial invertebrates, those capable of dispersal to the stream, to be greater in early successional habitat than late successional habitat due to the nutrient-rich, herbaceous vegetation typical of early successional habitat. 3. We measured aerial terrestrial invertebrate biomass in early and late successional habitats, input to streams and use by resident brook trout in 12 first- and second-order catchments in northern New Hampshire, U.S.A. The study catchments represented a range of early successional habitat coverage (0-51.5%). We also measured a suite of reach-scale variables that might influence terrestrial invertebrate input and use by brook trout, including riparian forest conditions and benthic invertebrate biomass. 4. Within study catchments, aerial terrestrial invertebrate biomass and abundance were significantly higher in early successional habitats than late successional habitats. However, terrestrial invertebrate input to streams and use by brook trout were unrelated to per cent early successional habitat in the catchment, and to other catchment and riparian forest characteristics. These results indicate that the management for upland early successional habitat has little effect on terrestrial invertebrate subsidies to headwater streams and fish. 5. Surprisingly, benthic invertebrate biomass was the one significant predictor of per cent terrestrial invertebrates in brook trout diets. Use of terrestrial invertebrate subsidies declined with increasing benthic invertebrate biomass, suggesting that productivity in the aquatic environment influences the degree to which brook trout use terrestrial subsidies. Although subsidy inputs are controlled by the donor system, this study shows that use of these subsidies by consumers can be determined by conditions in the recipient habitat. C1 [Wilson, Matthew K.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Lowe, Winsor H.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Lowe, WH (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM winsor.lowe@umontana.edu FU Northeastern States Research Cooperative FX We thank Kevin Evans (Dartmouth College), Scott Rineer (Wagner Forest Management), Ian Drew (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) and Lorraine Turner (Dartmouth College) for logistical support; Erik Lokensgard and Jeff Ojala for field assistance; and Lisa Eby, Laurie Marczak, Mike Young, two anonymous referees and Colin Townsend for helpful comments on this manuscript. This study was funded by a grant from the Northeastern States Research Cooperative. NR 80 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1 BP 187 EP 199 DI 10.1111/fwb.12257 PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 269EY UT WOS:000328225500015 ER PT J AU Aiken, GE Flythe, MD AF Aiken, Glen E. Flythe, Michael D. TI Vasoconstrictive responses by the carotid and auricular arteries in goats to ergot alkaloid exposure SO FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ergot alkaloids; fescue toxicosis; goats; tall fescue; vasoconstriction AB A fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) infects most plants of "Kentucky 31" tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) and produces ergot alkaloids that cause persistent constriction of the vascular system in grazing livestock. Consequently, animals undergoing this toxicosis cannot regulate core body temperature and are vulnerable to heat and cold stresses. An experiment was conducted to determine if the caudal and auricular arteries in goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) vasoconstrict in response to ergot alkaloids. Seven, rumen fistulated goats were fed ad libitum orchardgrass (Dactylis glomeratia) hay and ruminally infused with endophtye-free seed (E-) for a 7-day adjustment period. Two periods followed with E and endophyte-infected (E+) seed being randomly assigned to the 2 goat groups in period 1 and then switching treatments between groups in period 2. Infused E+ and E- seed were in equal proportions to the hay such that concentrations of ergovaline and ergovalanine were 0.80 mu g per g dry matter for the E+ treatment. Cross-sections of both arteries were imaged using Doppler ultrasonography on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 in period 1 and on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 9 in period 2. Differences from average baseline areas were used to determine presence or absence of alkaloid-induced vasoconstriction. Carotid arteries initiated constriction on imaging day 2 in both periods, and auricular arteries initiated constriction on imaging day 2 in period 1 and on day 6 in period 2. Luminal areas of the carotid arteries in E+ goats were 46% less than baseline areas in both periods after vasoconstriction occurred, whereas auricular arteries in E+ goats were 52% less than baseline areas in period 1 and 38% in period 2. Both arteries in E+ goats in period 1 relaxed relative to baseline areas by imaging day 2 after they were switched to the E treatment. Results indicated that goats can vasoconstrict when exposed to ergot alkaloids that could disrupt their thermoregulation. C1 [Aiken, Glen E.; Flythe, Michael D.] ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, N220 Ag Sci North Bldg,Univ Kentucky Campus, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Aiken, GE (reprint author), ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, N220 Ag Sci North Bldg,Univ Kentucky Campus, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM glen.aiken@ars.usda.gov RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010 OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-2646 J9 FRONT CHEM JI Front. Chem. PY 2014 VL 2 AR 101 DI 10.3389/fchem.2014.00101 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V43JV UT WOS:000209678600104 PM 25478559 ER PT J AU Egert, AM Klotz, JL McLeod, KR Harmon, DL AF Egert, Amanda M. Klotz, James L. McLeod, Kyle R. Harmon, David L. TI Development of a methodology to measure the effect of ergot alkaloids on forestomach motility using real-time wireless telemetry SO FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE forestomach; contractions; motility; rumen pressure; telemetry; ergot alkaloids; tall fescue AB The objectives of these experiments were to characterize rumen motility patterns of cattle fed once daily using a real-time wireless telemetry system, determine when to measure rumen motility with this system, and determine the effect of ruminal dosing of ergot alkaloids on rumen motility. Ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (n = 8) were fed a basal diet of alfalfa cubes once daily. Rumen motility was measured by monitoring real-time pressure changes within the rumen using wireless telemetry and pressure transducers. Experiment 1 consisted of three 24-h rumen pressure collections beginning immediately after feeding. Data were recorded, stored, and analyzed using iox2 software and the rhythmic analyzer. All motility variables differed (P < 0.01) between hours and thirds (8-h periods) of the day. There were no differences between days for most variables. The variance of the second 8-h period of the day was less than (P < 0.01) the first for area and less than the third for amplitude, frequency, duration, and area (P < 0.05). These data demonstrated that the second 8-h period of the day was the least variable for many measures of motility and would provide the best opportunity for testing differences in motility due to treatments. In Experiment 2, the steers (n = 8) were pair-fed the basal diet of Experiment 1 and dosed with endophyte-free (E) or endophyte-infected (E+; 0 or 10 g ergovaline + ergovalinine/kg BW; respectively) tall fescue seed before feeding for 15 d. Rumen motility was measured for 8 h beginning 8 h after feeding for the first 14 d of seed dosing. Blood samples were taken on d 1, 7, and 15, and rumen content samples were taken on d 15. Baseline (P = 0.06) and peak (P = 0.04) pressure were lower for E+ steers. Water intake tended (P = 0.10) to be less for E+ steers the first 8 h period after feeding. The E+ seed treatment at this dosage under thermoneutral conditions did not significantly affect rumen motility, ruminal fill, or dry matter of rumen contents. C1 [Egert, Amanda M.; McLeod, Kyle R.; Harmon, David L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Ruminant Nutr Lab, 814 WP Garrigus Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Klotz, James L.] ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, Lexington, KY USA. RP Harmon, DL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Ruminant Nutr Lab, 814 WP Garrigus Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dharmon@uky.edu NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-2646 J9 FRONT CHEM JI Front. Chem. PY 2014 VL 2 AR 90 DI 10.3389/fchem.2014.00090 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V43JV UT WOS:000209678600093 PM 25353021 ER PT J AU Ji, HH Fannin, F Klotz, J Bush, L AF Ji, Huihua Fannin, F. Klotz, J. Bush, Lowell TI Tall fescue seed extraction and partial purification of ergot alkaloids SO FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ergovaline; ergovalinine; alkaloid extraction; ergopeptine alkaloids; epimerization AB Many substances in the tall fescue/endophyte association (Schedonorus arundinaceus/Epichloe coenophiala) have biological activity. Of these compounds only the ergot alkaloids are known to have significant mammalian toxicity and the predominant ergot alkaloids are ergovaline and ergovalinine. Because synthetically produced ergovaline is difficult to obtain, we developed a seed extraction and partial purification protocol for ergovaline/ergovalinine that provided a biologically active product. Tall fescue seed was ground and packed into several different sized columns for liquid extraction. Smaller particle size and increased extraction time increased efficiency of extraction. Our largest column was a 114 x 52 x 61 cm (W x L x D) stainless steel tub. Approximately 150 kg of seed could be extracted in this tub. The extraction was done with 80% ethanol. When the solvent front migrated to bottom of the column, flow was stopped and seed was allowed to steep for at least 48 h. Light was excluded from the solvent from the beginning of this step to the end of the purification process. Following elution, ethanol was removed from the eluate by evaporation at room temperature and the resulting syrup was freeze-dried. About 80% recovery of alkaloids was achieved with 18-fold increase in concentration of ergovaline. Initial purification of the dried product was accomplished by extracting with hexane/water (6:1, v/v). The aqueous fraction was extracted with chloroform, the aqueous layer discarded, after which the chloroform was removed with a resulting 20-fold increase of ergovaline. About 65% of the ergovaline was recovered from the chloroform residue for an overall recovery of 50%. The resultant partially purified ergovaline had biological activities in in vivo and in vitro bovine bioassays that approximate that of synthetic ergovaline. C1 [Ji, Huihua] Univ Kentucky, Kentucky Tobacco Res & Dev Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. [Fannin, F.; Bush, Lowell] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Klotz, J.] ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, Lexington, KY USA. RP Bush, L (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM lowell.bush@uky.edu FU USDA-ARS Forage Animal Production Research Unit [3049025370]; University of Kentucky's College of Agriculture, Food, and the Environment FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement with Lowell Bush and the USDA-ARS Forage Animal Production Research Unit (3049025370) and the University of Kentucky's College of Agriculture, Food, and the Environment. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-2646 J9 FRONT CHEM JI Front. Chem. PY 2014 VL 2 AR 110 DI 10.3389/fchem.2014.00110 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V43JV UT WOS:000209678600113 PM 25566528 ER PT J AU Mattoo, AK AF Mattoo, Autar K. TI Translational research in agricultural biology enhancing crop resistivity against environmental stress alongside nutritional quality SO FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material DE antioxidants/nutrients; biotechnology; legume cover crops; genetic engineering; metabolomics; smart crops; sustainable agriculture; transcription factors C1 [Mattoo, Autar K.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov NR 137 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-2646 J9 FRONT CHEM JI Front. Chem. PY 2014 VL 2 AR 30 DI 10.3389/fchem.2014.00030 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V43JV UT WOS:000209678600033 PM 24926479 ER PT S AU Yadav, MP Zhang, F Luan, T Wu, LJ Zhang, HB AF Yadav, Madhav P. Zhang, Fei Luan, Tu Wu, Lijiao Zhang, Hongbin BE Williams, PA Phillips, GO TI THICKENING PROPERTIES OF CORN FIBER GUM WITH OTHER CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS SO GUMS AND STABILISERS FOR THE FOOD INDUSTRY 17: THE CHANGING FACE OF FOOD MANUFACTURE: THE ROLE OF HYDROCOLLOIDS SE Royal Society of Chemistry Special Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry Conference CY JUN 25-28, 2013 CL Glyndwr Univ, Wales, ENGLAND SP Biopolymer Solut, CP Kelco, Doehler Grp, Du Pont, Elsevier, FMC Biopolymers, Food Hlth Network, Kerry Ingredients, Mars GmbH, Phillips Hydrocolloids Res Ltd, Setaram Instrumentat, Stable Microsystems, Wyatt Technologies HO Glyndwr Univ ID EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES; RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR; VISCOUS SYNERGISM; MIXED-SOLUTIONS; MIXTURES; MICROSTRUCTURE; IDENTIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS; VISCOSITY C1 [Yadav, Madhav P.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Luan, Tu; Wu, Lijiao; Zhang, Hongbin] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Adv Rheol Inst, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. RP Yadav, MP (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM madhav.yadav@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0260-6291 BN 978-1-78262-130-0; 978-1-84973-883-5 J9 ROY SOC CH PY 2014 IS 346 BP 167 EP 175 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA BG3TQ UT WOS:000388267000017 ER PT J AU Fang, WP Meinhardt, LW Tan, HW Zhou, L Mischke, S Zhang, DP AF Fang, Wan-Ping Meinhardt, Lyndel W. Tan, Hua-Wei Zhou, Lin Mischke, Sue Zhang, Dapeng TI Varietal identification of tea (Camellia sinensis) using nanofluidic array of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Apart from water, tea is the world's most widely consumed beverage. Tea is produced in more than 50 countries with an annual production of approximately 4.7 million tons. The market segment for specialty tea has been expanding rapidly owing to increased demand, resulting in higher revenues and profits for tea growers and the industry. Accurate varietal identification is critically important to ensure traceability and authentication of premium tea products, which in turn contribute to on-farm conservation of tea genetic diversity. Using a set of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers developed from the expressed sequence tag (EST) database of Camilla senensis, we genotyped deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples extracted from a diverse group of tea varieties, including both fresh and processed commercial loose-leaf teas. The validation led to the designation of 60 SNPs that unambiguously identified all 40 tested tea varieties with high statistical rigor (p<0.0001). Varietal authenticity and genetic relationships among the analyzed cultivars were further characterized by ordination and Bayesian clustering analysis. These SNP markers, in combination with a high-throughput genotyping protocol, effectively established and verified specific DNA fingerprints for all tested tea varieties. This method provides a powerful tool for variety authentication and quality control for the tea industry. It is also highly useful for the management of tea genetic resources and breeding, where accurate and efficient genotype identification is essential. C1 [Fang, Wan-Ping; Tan, Hua-Wei; Zhou, Lin] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Fang, Wan-Ping; Meinhardt, Lyndel W.; Mischke, Sue; Zhang, Dapeng] USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhang, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Dapeng.Zhang@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30800884, 31370688] FX We would like to give special thanks to Dr Liang Chen, The Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, for providing the tea germplasm samples and passport information and Stephen Pinney of USDA ARS for SNP genotyping of the tea samples. We would also like to thank Nico Tuason and the Assay design team for designing the SNP chip assay. This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30800884, 31370688). References to a company and/or product by the USDA are only for the purposes of information and do not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14035 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.35 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600017 PM 26504544 ER PT J AU Gapper, NE Giovannoni, JJ Watkins, CB AF Gapper, Nigel E. Giovannoni, James J. Watkins, Christopher B. TI Understanding development and ripening of fruit crops in an 'omics' era SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Review AB Next generation sequencing has revolutionized plant biology. Not only has our understanding of plant metabolism advanced using model systems and modern chromatography, but application of 'omics'-based technology has been widely extended to non-model systems as costs have plummeted and efficiency increased. As a result, important fundamental questions relating to important horticultural crops are being answered, and novel approaches with application to industry are in progress. Here we review recent research advances on development and ripening of fruit crops, how next generation sequencing approaches are driving this advance and the emerging future landscape. C1 [Gapper, Nigel E.; Watkins, Christopher B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gapper, Nigel E.; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James J.] USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Gapper, NE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM neg29@cornell.edu FU NSF Plant Genome Research Program; USDA-ARS; Federal Formula Funds project [NE1336] FX The authors would like to thank Dr Zhangjun Fei for supplying the kiwifruit RNAseq data. Work in our labs was supported by grants from, NSF Plant Genome Research Program, USDA-ARS and Federal Formula Funds project NE1336. NR 135 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14034 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.34 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600016 PM 26504543 ER PT J AU Hayes, RJ Trent, MA Truco, MJ Antonise, R Michelmore, RW Bull, CT AF Hayes, Ryan J. Trent, Mark A. Truco, Maria Jose Antonise, Rudie Michelmore, Richard W. Bull, Carolee T. TI The inheritance of resistance to bacterial leaf spot of lettuce caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians in three lettuce cultivars SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Lettuce yields can be reduced by the disease bacterial leaf spot (BLS) caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians (Xcv) and host resistance is the most feasible method to reduce disease losses. The cultivars La Brillante, Pavane and Little Gem express an incompatible host-pathogen interaction as a hypersensitive response (HR) to California strains of Xcv resulting in resistance. Little was known about the inheritance of resistance; however, resistance to other lettuce pathogens is often determined by resistance gene candidates (RGCs) encoding nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins. Therefore, we determined the inheritance of BLS resistance in the cultivars La Brillante, Little Gem and Pavane and mapped it relative to RGCs. The reaction to Xcv was analyzed in nine F-1, F-2 and recombinant inbred line populations of lettuce from HR x compatible or HR x HR crosses. The HR in La Brillante, Pavane and Little Gem is conditioned by single dominant genes, which are either allelic or closely linked genes. The resistance gene in La Brillante was designated Xanthomonas resistance 1 (Xar1) and mapped to lettuce linkage group 2. Xar1 is present in a genomic region that contains numerous NB-LRR encoding RGCs and functional pathogen resistance loci in the RGC2 family. The Xar1 gene confers a high level of BLS resistance in the greenhouse and field that can be introgressed into commercial lettuce cultivars to reduce BLS losses using molecular markers. C1 [Hayes, Ryan J.; Trent, Mark A.; Bull, Carolee T.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Truco, Maria Jose; Michelmore, Richard W.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Truco, Maria Jose; Michelmore, Richard W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Antonise, Rudie] Keygene NV, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Hayes, RJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Ryan.Hayes@ars.usda.gov FU California Leafy Greens Research Program; California Department of Food and Agriculture, USDA NRI [2008-35300-004447]; USDA NIFA SCRI [2010-51181-21631]; ENZA Zaden; Rijk Zwaan; Vilmorin Cie; Takii Co. FX This research was supported by the California Leafy Greens Research Program, the California Department of Food and Agriculture, USDA NRI (grant no. 2008-35300-004447) and USDA NIFA SCRI (grant no. 2010-51181-21631). The authors wish to thank Jose Orozco, Polly Goldman and Samantha Gebben for conducting technical work on the experiments. The AFLP (R) technology is covered by patents and patent applications owned by Keygene N.V. AFLP is a registered trademark of Keygene N.V. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. The AFLP data have been generated with the financial support of ENZA Zaden, Rijk Zwaan, Vilmorin & Cie and Takii & Co. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14066 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.66 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600033 PM 26504558 ER PT J AU Liang, YC Reid, MS Jiang, CZ AF Liang, Yin-Chih Reid, Michael S. Jiang, Cai-Zhong TI Controlling plant architecture by manipulation of gibberellic acid signalling in petunia SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Since stem elongation is a gibberellic acid (GA) response, GA inhibitors are commonly used to control plant height in the production of potted ornamentals and bedding plants. In this study, we investigated interfering with GA signaling by using molecular techniques as an alternative approach. We isolated three putative GID1 genes (PhGID1A, PhGID1B and PhGID1C) encoding GA receptors from petunia. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of these genes results in stunted growth, dark-green leaves and late-flowering. We also isolated the gai mutant gene (gai-1) from Arabidopsis. We have generated transgenic petunia plants in which the gai mutant protein is over-expressed under the control of a dexamethasone-inducible promoter. This system permits induction of the dominant Arabidopsis gai mutant gene at a desired stage of plant development in petunia plants by the application of dexamethasone (Dex). The induction of gai in Dex-treated T1 petunia seedlings caused dramatic growth retardation with short internodes. C1 [Liang, Yin-Chih; Reid, Michael S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jiang, Cai-Zhong] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Jiang, CZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cjiang@ucdavis.edu OI Jiang, Cai-Zhong/0000-0002-5972-7963 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Floriculture Initiative [5306-21000-019-00D, 5306-13210-001-02S] FX This study was supported in part by funds from United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Floriculture Initiative (5306-21000-019-00D and 5306-13210-001-02S). We thank Linda Donnelly and Alejandro Estrada for their assistance. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14061 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.61 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600031 PM 26504556 ER PT J AU Shin, SB Lv, JY Fazio, G Mazzola, M Zhu, YM AF Shin, Sungbong Lv, Jingyi Fazio, Gennaro Mazzola, Mark Zhu, Yanmin TI Transcriptional regulation of ethylene and jasmonate mediated defense response in apple (Malus domestica) root during Pythium ultimum infection SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Apple replant disease (ARD) is a significant economic restraint to the successful re-establishment of new apple orchards on sites previously planted to the same crop. Pythium ultimum, an oomycete, is a significant component of the ARD pathogen complex. Although ethylene (ET)-and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense responses are intensively studied in the foliar pathosystem, the transferability of this knowledge to the interaction between a perennial root system and soilborne pathogens is unknown. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the ET/JA-mediated defense response is conserved in roots of tree crops in response to infection by P. ultimum. Apple genes with the annotated function of ET/JA biosynthesis, MdERF (ethylene response factor) for signaling transduction and a gene encoding a pathogenesis-related (PR) protein (beta-chitinase, the target of ERF) were identified from the apple genome sequences. The transcriptional profiles of these genes during P. ultimum infection and after exogenous ET and/or JA treatment were characterized using qRT-PCR. Several genes showed a 10- to 60-fold upregulation in apple root tissue 24-48 h post inoculation (hpi). Exogenous ET and JA treatment exhibited either a positive or negative influence on expression of ET or JA biosynthesis genes, depending upon gene isoforms and the tissue types, while the expression of MdERF and the PR protein encoding gene was upregulated by both ET and JA treatment. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that ET/JA-mediated defense pathways are functional in the root system of perennial tree species defending soilborne pathogens. C1 [Shin, Sungbong; Mazzola, Mark; Zhu, Yanmin] ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Fazio, Gennaro] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Lv, Jingyi] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14053 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.53 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600026 PM 26504552 ER PT J AU Yang, TB Peng, H Bauchan, GR AF Yang, Tianbao Peng, Hui Bauchan, Gary R. TI Functional analysis of tomato calmodulin gene family during fruit development and ripening SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Calmodulin is a ubiquitous calcium sensor to recognize the different developmental and/or stimulus-triggered calcium changes and regulate plant growth and development. However, the function of calmodulin remains elusive for fleshy fruit development. We performed expression studies of a family of six calmodulin genes (SlCaMs) in tomato fruit. All calmodulins showed a double peak expression pattern. The first flat peak appeared at 10-30 days after anthesis, but their expression rapidly declined at mature green and breaker. Then a sharp and even higher peak came at turning/pink stages. Among six calmodulins, SlCaM1 had the highest expression during fruit enlargement, whereas SlCaM2 was the major calmodulin during fruit ripening. However, SlCaMs showed different patterns in three ripening mutants rin, Nor and Nr. In particular, at the stages corresponding to mature green and breaker, the expression levels of SlCaMs in those mutants were significantly higher than wild-type. Furthermore, SlCaMs, especially SlCaM2 were upregulated by ethylene. Transiently overexpressing SlCaM2 in mature green fruit delayed ripening, while reducing SlCaM2 expression accelerated ripening. Our results suggest that SlCaMs play double roles to regulate fruit ripening. Prior to the ethylene burst, the ethylene-independent repression of SlCaMs might be critical for fruit to initiate the ripening process. After the ethylene burst, SlCaMs could participate in the ethylene coordinated rapid ripening. C1 [Yang, Tianbao; Peng, Hui] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Peng, Hui] Guangxi Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guilin 541004, Peoples R China. [Bauchan, Gary R.] ARS, Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yang, TB (reprint author), ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tianbao.yang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [NP306, 1245-43000-012-00D] FX We thank Ernest Paroczay and Ziying Zou for their technical support and Liqun Du for providing pDL198 plasmid. Use of a company or product name by the US Department of Agriculture does not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. This research was funded by USDA-ARS NP306 project no. 1245-43000-012-00D. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14057 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.57 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600028 PM 26504554 ER PT J AU Zhou, L Xu, H Mischke, S Meinhardt, LW Zhang, DP Zhu, XJ Li, XH Fang, WP AF Zhou, Lin Xu, Hui Mischke, Sue Meinhardt, Lyndel W. Zhang, Dapeng Zhu, Xujun Li, Xinghui Fang, Wanping TI Exogenous abscisic acid significantly affects proteome in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) exposed to drought stress SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze] is an important economic crop, and drought is the most important abiotic stress affecting yield and quality. Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone responsible for activating drought resistance. Increased understanding of ABA effects on tea plant under drought stress is essential to develop drought-tolerant tea genotypes, along with crop management practices that can mitigate drought stress. The objective of the present investigation is evaluation of effects of exogenous ABA on the leaf proteome in tea plant exposed to drought stress. Leaf protein patterns of tea plants under simulated drought stress [(polyethylene glycol (PEG)-treated] and exogenous ABA treatment were analyzed in a time-course experiment using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Among the 72 protein spots identified by MALDI-TOF MS, 16 proteins were downregulated and two were upregulated by exogenous ABA. The upregulated proteins have roles in glycolysis and photosystem II stabilization. Twenty-one protein spots were responsive to drought stress and most participate in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, control of reactive oxygen species (ROS), defense, signaling or nucleic acid metabolism. The combined treatments of exogenous ABA and drought showed upregulation of 10 protein spots at 12 h and upregulation of 11 proteins at 72 h after initiation of drought stress. The results support the importance of the role that ABA plays in the tea plant during drought stress, by improving protein transport, carbon metabolism and expression of resistance proteins. C1 [Zhou, Lin; Xu, Hui; Zhu, Xujun; Li, Xinghui; Fang, Wanping] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Mischke, Sue; Meinhardt, Lyndel W.; Zhang, Dapeng; Fang, Wanping] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, SPCL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fang, WP (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM fangwp@njau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30800884, 31370688]; Jiangsu Science and Technology Program of China [BE2011319] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30800884, 31370688) and the Jiangsu Science and Technology Program of China (BE2011319). NR 63 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14029 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.29 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600013 PM 27076915 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Fazio, G Mazzola, M AF Zhu, Yanmin Fazio, Gennaro Mazzola, Mark TI Elucidating the molecular responses of apple rootstock resistant to ARD pathogens: challenges and opportunities for development of genomics-assisted breeding tools SO HORTICULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Review AB Apple replant disease (ARD) is a major limitation to the establishment of economically viable orchards on replant sites due to the buildup and long-term survival of pathogen inoculum. Several soilborne necrotrophic fungi and oomycetes are primarily responsible for ARD, and symptoms range from serious inhibition of growth to the death of young trees. Chemical fumigation has been the primary method used for control of ARD, and manipulating soil microbial ecology to reduce pathogen density and aggressiveness is being investigated. To date, innate resistance of apple rootstocks as a means to control this disease has not been carefully explored, partly due to the complex etiology and the difficulty in phenotyping the disease resistance. Molecular defense responses of plant roots to soilborne necrotrophic pathogens are largely elusive, although considerable progress has been achieved using foliar disease systems. Plant defense responses to necrotrophic pathogens consist of several interacting modules and operate as a network. Upon pathogen detection by plants, cellular signals such as the oscillation of Ca21 concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst and protein kinase activity, lead to plant hormone biosynthesis and signaling. Jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) are known to be fundamental to the induction and regulation of defense mechanisms toward invading necrotrophic pathogens. Complicated hormone crosstalk modulates the fine-tuning of transcriptional reprogramming and metabolic redirection, resulting in production of antimicrobial metabolites, enzyme inhibitors and cell wall refortification to restrict further pathogenesis. Transcriptome profiling of apple roots in response to inoculation with Pythium ultimum demonstrated that there is a high degree of conservation regarding the molecular framework of defense responses compared with those observed with foliar tissues. It is conceivable that the timing and intensity of genotype-specific defense responses may lead to different outcomes between rootstocks in response to invasion by necrotrophic pathogens. Elucidation of host defense mechanisms is critical in developing molecular tools for genomics-assisted breeding of resistant apple rootstocks. Due to their perennial nature, use of resistant rootstocks as a component for disease management might offer a durable and cost-effective benefit to tree performance than the standard practice of soil fumigation for control of ARD. C1 [Zhu, Yanmin; Fazio, Gennaro] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Mazzola, Mark] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 149 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2052-7276 J9 HORTIC RES-ENGLAND JI Hortic. Res.-England PY 2014 VL 1 AR 14043 DI 10.1038/hortres.2014.43 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA V46SJ UT WOS:000209903600020 PM 26504547 ER PT S AU Miller, ME Elliot, WJ Endsley, KA Robichaud, PR Billmire, M AF Miller, M. E. Elliot, W. J. Endsley, K. A. Robichaud, P. R. Billmire, M. BE Toth, C Holm, T Jutzi, B TI RAPID RESPONSE TOOLS AND DATASETS FOR POST-FIRE EROSION MODELING: LINKING REMOTE SENSING AND PROCESS-BASED HYDROLOGICAL MODELS TO SUPPORT POST-FIRE REMEDIATION SO ISPRS TECHNICAL COMMISSION I SYMPOSIUM SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ISPRS Technical Commission I Symposium CY NOV 17-20, 2014 CL Denver, CO SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing Tech Commiss, ASPRS Pecora Fall Meeting DE Forestry; Hydrology; Hazards; Forest fire; Databases; Soil; Land Cover ID FIRE; FORESTS AB Post-fire flooding and erosion can pose a serious threat to life, property, and municipal water supplies. Increased peak flows and sediment delivery due to the loss of surface cover and fire-induced changes in soil properties are of great concern to both resource managers and the public. To respond to this threat, interdisciplinary Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) Teams are formed to assess potential erosion and flood risks. These teams are under tight deadlines as remediation plans and treatments must be developed and implemented before the first major storms in order to be effective. One of the primary sources of information for making these decisions is a burn severity map derived from remote sensing data (typically Landsat) that reflects fire induced changes in vegetative cover and soil properties. Slope, soils, land cover, and climate are also important parameters that need to be considered when accessing risk. Many modeling tools and datasets have been developed to assist BAER teams, but process-based and spatially explicit empirical models are currently under-utilized compared to simpler, lumped models because they are both more difficult to set up and require spatially explicit inputs such as digital elevation models, soils, and land cover. We are working to facilitate the use of models by preparing spatial datasets within a web-based tool that rapidly modifies model inputs using burn severity maps derived from earth observation data. Automating the creation of model inputs facilitates the wider use of more accurate, process-based models for spatially explicit predictions of post-fire erosion and runoff. C1 [Miller, M. E.; Endsley, K. A.; Billmire, M.] Michigan Tech, Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Elliot, W. J.; Robichaud, P. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID USA. RP Miller, ME (reprint author), Michigan Tech, Michigan Tech Res Inst, 3600 Green Court,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM memiller@mtu.edu; welliot@fs.fed.us; kaendsle@mtu.edu; probichaud@fs.fed.us; mgbillmi@mtu.edu OI Endsley, K. Arthur/0000-0001-9722-8092 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2014 VL 40-1 BP 257 EP 263 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-1-257-2014 PG 7 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BE1RQ UT WOS:000368435600039 ER PT J AU Rojas, JA Kirk, WW Gachango, E Douches, DS Hanson, LE AF Rojas, Jorge Alejandro Kirk, William W. Gachango, Esther Douches, David S. Hanson, Linda E. TI Tuber Blight Development in Potato Cultivars in Response to Different Genotypes of Phytophthora infestans SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aggressiveness; genotype; late blight; Phytophthora infestans ID TOMATO LATE BLIGHT; UNITED-STATES; FAMINE FUNGUS; RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; POPULATIONS; INFECTION; MIGRATION; VARIETY; STORAGE AB Migrations or introduction of new genotypes of Phytophthora infestans to a specific region imposes a different perspective for potato production. During 2009-2010, a late blight epidemic affected the Northeastern United States, which quickly spread through several states. The epidemic was characterized by the appearance of a new genotype of P.infestans designated US-22, which was isolated from tomato and potato. Potato tubers are an essential component of late blight epidemics where the pathogen cannot overwinter on Solanaceous plants. Six potato cultivars were inoculated with 12 isolates of P.infestans (five different genotypes), including isolates of the genotype US-22. Tuber blight development was characterized in terms of tissue darkening expressed as area under the disease progress curve values and lenticel infection. The responses indicated that US-8 was more aggressive than US-22, but US-22 isolates obtained from potato were more aggressive on potato than those acquired from tomato. Tuber periderm responses to infection were limited, yet US-8 isolates infected the periderm more often than US-22 isolates. There were significant differences among the cultivars tested but cv. Jacqueline Lee was the most resistant overall. Although isolates of P.infestans genotype US-22 were less aggressive in comparison with US-8 isolates, US-22 isolates still infected potato tubers and were as aggressive us US-8 isolates on some cultivars. Management of late blight caused by isolates of US-22 through host resistance may be feasible but imposes a different set of criteria for consideration from those that US-8 imposed. C1 [Rojas, Jorge Alejandro; Kirk, William W.; Gachango, Esther; Douches, David S.; Hanson, Linda E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hanson, Linda E.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kirk, WW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kirkw@msu.edu RI Rojas, J Alejandro/D-9273-2016 OI Rojas, J Alejandro/0000-0001-5492-5963 NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-1785 EI 1439-0434 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 162 IS 1 BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1111/jph.12153 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 264OQ UT WOS:000327888700005 ER PT J AU Crow, TR AF Crow, Thomas R. TI Functional Restoration: From Concept to Practice SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE forest restoration; ecosystem function; ecosystem health; resource management; spatial scales; climate change AB A forward-looking approach to forest restoration is advocated with the emphasis on restoring ecosystem health. This approach, called functional restoration, uses indicators of ecosystem health such as mortality, regeneration, reproduction, and productivity, as well as surrogates such as structural diversity, age class distribution, and species diversity, to characterize ecosystem health. Although restoring ecosystem health is the primary emphasis, manipulating species composition and forest structure are the means for accomplishing functional restoration. Managers have experience in measuring most indicators of ecosystem health and, for the most part, cost effective methods for measuring them exist. Instead of using the composition and structure from the historic record as the benchmark, ecosystem health as measured from the time of treatment-i.e., the initial conditions, and changes in these conditions with time-becomes the measure of success. By applying this approach, restoration becomes an investment in the future. C1 [Crow, Thomas R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Crow, TR (reprint author), 1707 Lakeshore Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM crow.thomasr@gmail.com NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-9811 EI 1540-756X J9 J SUSTAIN FOREST JI J. Sustain. For. PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 SI SI BP S3 EP S14 DI 10.1080/10549811.2014.884005 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA V43KH UT WOS:000209679800002 ER PT J AU Dey, DC Schweitzer, CJ AF Dey, Daniel C. Schweitzer, Callie Jo TI Restoration for the Future: Endpoints, Targets, and Indicators of Progress and Success SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE restoration; monitoring; ecosystem function; indicators; targets AB Setting endpoints and targets in forest restoration is a complicated task that is best accomplished in cooperative partnerships that account for the ecology of the system, production of desired ecosystem goods and services, economics and well-being of society, and future environments. Clearly described and quantitative endpoints and intermediary targets are needed to manage restoration of ecosystem structure, composition, function, and production. Selecting indicators of key ecosystem attributes that are linked to endpoint and target condition, function, sustainability, health, integrity, resilience, and production is important to monitoring restoration success. Indicators are used to track ecosystem trajectory, assess progress toward achieving endpoints and targets, adapt management, and communicate with external publics. Reference sites can be used to help set endpoints and targets with caution. Other science-based ecosystem models or management tools are available to help quantify intermediate targets and endpoints. Continued work to better understand historic ecosystem conditions is fundamental to assessing change, extent of damage, and restoration potential. A hierarchy of forest plans from regional and landscape to site specific are useful for defining endpoints, targets, and indicators at appropriate ecological scales; and to consider populations, ecosystem function, and socioeconomic factors that operate at a variety of scales. C1 [Dey, Daniel C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. [Schweitzer, Callie Jo] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Dey, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 202 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM ddey@fs.fed.us NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-9811 EI 1540-756X J9 J SUSTAIN FOREST JI J. Sustain. For. PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 SI SI BP S43 EP S65 DI 10.1080/10549811.2014.883999 PG 23 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA V43KH UT WOS:000209679800005 ER PT J AU Jones, TA AF Jones, Thomas A. TI Ecologically Appropriate Plant Materials for Functional Restoration of Rangelands SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE disturbed ecosystems; ecological restoration; local is best; novel ecosystems; plant materials; provenance AB Rangeland ecosystems targeted for restoration are typically degraded and ecologically modified in a way that hinders restoration efforts. For adaptation to the local site, local plant materials have often been assumed to be best. While local adaptation has long been used as an argument for the exclusive use of local plant materials, recent meta-analysis results indicate that general adaptation across a variety of environments can be just as important as local adaptation. Here I argue that "ecologically appropriate" plant materials with enhanced general adaptation and effective expression of functional traits, including establishment and persistence, will become increasingly important as degradation increases. This approach will be useful for generalist "workhorse" native species that are common, widespread, and can be readily propagated under cultivation. C1 [Jones, Thomas A.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Jones, TA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM thomas.jones@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-9811 EI 1540-756X J9 J SUSTAIN FOREST JI J. Sustain. For. PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 SI SI BP S93 EP S103 DI 10.1080/10549811.2014.884002 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA V43KH UT WOS:000209679800007 ER PT J AU Millar, CI AF Millar, Constance I. TI Historic Variability: Informing Restoration Strategies, Not Prescribing Targets SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE climate change; ecological restoration; ecosystem management; forest management; historical ecology; historic range of variability AB The concept of historic range of variability (HRV) is briefly evaluated within the context of its application in ecosystem management over the past two decades. Despite caveats to the contrary, an implicit assumption continues to emerge of climatic stationarity, and, by corollary, that presettlement centuries provide an appropriate reference period. This is examined from the perspective of historic climate change and ecosystem response. As a means of developing reference prescriptions and management targets, HRV is generally inappropriate, although if historic periods are used for reconstruction that have coarse resemblance to present or projected future climates, such as the Medieval Climate Anomaly or middle Holocene rather than the presettlement centuries, these might be defensible. In cases of reclamation of severely degraded ecosystems, HRV prescriptions developed from analogous climate periods could provide coarse guides. In most situations, however, historic reconstructions are best used to improve understanding of ecological response to a wide range of forcing factors, and thereby to inform (rather than prescribe) management strategies. Such historically informed approaches are likely more effective than an HRV approach under future changing climate regimes for managing and restoring ecosystem function and for assisting transitions to new ecosystem states. C1 [Millar, Constance I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Millar, CI (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-9811 EI 1540-756X J9 J SUSTAIN FOREST JI J. Sustain. For. PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 SI SI BP S28 EP S42 DI 10.1080/10549811.2014.887474 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA V43KH UT WOS:000209679800004 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Franco, C AF Rodriguez-Franco, Carlos TI Introduction to Proceedings of a Workshop on Science Considerations in Functional Restoration SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rodriguez-Franco, Carlos] US Forest Serv, Res & Dev, Arlington, VA USA. RP Rodriguez-Franco, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Res & Dev, 1400 Independence Ave, SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM crodriguezfranco@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-9811 EI 1540-756X J9 J SUSTAIN FOREST JI J. Sustain. For. PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 SI SI BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1080/10549811.2014.905396 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA V43KH UT WOS:000209679800001 ER PT J AU Stanturf, JA Palik, BJ Williams, MI Dumroese, RK Madsen, P AF Stanturf, John A. Palik, Brian J. Williams, Mary I. Dumroese, R. Kasten Madsen, Palle TI Forest Restoration Paradigms SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE reconstruction; rehabilitation; reclamation; novel ecosystems; intervention ecology AB An estimated 2 billion ha of forests are degraded globally and global change suggests even greater need for forest restoration. Four forest restoration paradigms are identified and discussed: revegetation, ecological restoration, functional restoration, and forest landscape restoration. Restoration is examined in terms of a degraded starting point and an ending point of an idealized natural forest. Global change, climate variability, biotechnology, and synthetic biology pose significant challenges to current restoration paradigms, underscoring the importance of clearly defined goals focused on functional ecosystems. Public debate is needed on acceptable goals; one role for science is to inform and help frame the debate and describe feasibility and probable consequences. C1 [Stanturf, John A.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Southern Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN USA. [Williams, Mary I.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, Grassland Shrubland & Desert Ecosyst, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. [Madsen, Palle] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resources Management, Forest & Landscape, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Stanturf, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Southern Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jstanturf@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service Research and Development Deputy Area FX The U.S. Forest Service Research and Development Deputy Area provided partial support to this work. NR 186 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 8 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-9811 EI 1540-756X J9 J SUSTAIN FOREST JI J. Sustain. For. PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 SI SI BP S161 EP S194 DI 10.1080/10549811.2014.884004 PG 34 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA V43KH UT WOS:000209679800011 ER PT J AU Hribljan, JA Cooper, DJ Sueltenfuss, J Wolf, EC Heckman, KA Lilleskov, EA Chimner, RA AF Hribljan, J. A. Cooper, D. J. Sueltenfuss, J. Wolf, E. C. Heckman, K. A. Lilleskov, E. A. Chimner, R. A. TI Carbon storage and long-term rate of accumulation in high-altitude Andean peatlands of Bolivia SO MIRES AND PEAT LA English DT Article DE Andes; LARCA; mountain; peat; puna ID DISTICHIA-MUSCOIDES; TROPICAL ANDES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; C-14 DATA; MOUNTAINS; CALIBRATION; PROGRAM; HISTORY; CYCLE; BOGS AB (1) The high-altitude (4,500+ m) Andean mountain range of north-western Bolivia contains many peatlands. Despite heavy grazing pressure and potential damage from climate change, little is known about these peatlands. Our objective was to quantify carbon pools, basal ages and long-term peat accumulation rates in peatlands in two areas of the arid puna ecoregion of Bolivia: near the village of Manasaya in the Sajama National Park (Cordillera Occidentale), and in the Tuni Condoriri National Park (Cordillera Real). (2) We cored to 5 m depth in the Manasaya peatland, whose age at 5 m was ca. 3,675 yr. BP with a LARCA of 47 g m(-2) yr(-1). However, probing indicated that the maximum depth was 7-10 m with a total estimated (by extrapolation) carbon stock of 1,040 Mg ha(-1). The Tuni peat body was 5.5 m thick and initiated ca. 2,560 cal. yr. BP. The peatland carbon stock was 572 Mg ha(-1) with a long-term rate of carbon accumulation (LARCA) of 37 g m(-2) yr(-1). (3) Despite the dry environment of the Bolivian puna, the region contains numerous peatlands with high carbon stocks and rapid carbon accumulation rates. These peatlands are heavily used for llama and alpaca grazing. C1 [Hribljan, J. A.; Chimner, R. A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Cooper, D. J.; Sueltenfuss, J.; Wolf, E. C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Heckman, K. A.; Lilleskov, E. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI USA. RP Hribljan, JA (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM jahriblj@mtu.edu FU US Forest Service Northern Research Station, Climate, Fire, and Carbon Cycle Science Work Unit; NASA's Land Cover and Use Change program; Radiocarbon Collaborative; USDA Forest Service; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Michigan Technological University FX We thank Michelle Cisz, Karina Yager and Dan Slayback for field assistance; Ellen Beller, Jonathan Bontrager, Jennifer Eikenberry and Karena Schmidt for laboratory assistance; and Don Aurelio for graciously permitting access to the pastures of Manasaya. This project was supported by the US Forest Service Northern Research Station, Climate, Fire, and Carbon Cycle Science Work Unit. The participation of David Cooper, Jeremy Sueltenfuss and Evan Wolf was funded in part by NASA's Land Cover and Use Change program. Radiocarbon analysis was supported by the Radiocarbon Collaborative, which is jointly sponsored by the USDA Forest Service, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Michigan Technological University. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 14 PU INT PEAT SOC PI DUNDEE PA INT PEAT SOC, DUNDEE, DD1 4HN, ENGLAND SN 1819-754X J9 MIRES PEAT JI Mires Peat PY 2014 VL 15 AR UNSP 12 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX5UT UT WOS:000365768700013 ER PT J AU Yang, F Korban, SS Pusey, PL Elofsson, M Sundin, GW Zhao, YF AF Yang, Fan Korban, Schuyler S. Pusey, P. Lawrence Elofsson, Michael Sundin, George W. Zhao, Youfu TI Small-molecule inhibitors suppress the expression of both type III secretion and amylovoran biosynthesis genes in Erwinia amylovora SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; RCS PHOSPHORELAY SYSTEM; FIRE BLIGHT MANAGEMENT; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; PROTEIN SECRETION; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALICYLIDENE ACYLHYDRAZIDE; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND AB The type III secretion system (T3SS) and exopolysaccharide (EPS) amylovoran are two essential pathogenicity factors in Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of the serious bacterial disease fire blight. In this study, small molecules that inhibit T3SS gene expression in E.amylovora under hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity)-inducing conditions were identified and characterized using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter. These compounds belong to salicylidene acylhydrazides and also inhibit amylovoran production. Microarray analysis of E.amylovora treated with compounds 3 and 9 identified a total of 588 significantly differentially expressed genes. Among them, 95 and 78 genes were activated and suppressed by both compounds, respectively, when compared with the dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) control. The expression of the majority of T3SS genes in E.amylovora, including hrpL and the avrRpt2 effector gene, was suppressed by both compounds. Compound 3 also suppressed the expression of amylovoran precursor and biosynthesis genes. However, both compounds induced significantly the expression of glycogen biosynthesis genes and siderophore biosynthesis, regulatory and transport genes. Furthermore, many membrane, lipoprotein and exported protein-encoding genes were also activated by both compounds. Similar expression patterns were observed for compounds 1, 2 and 4. Using crab apple flower as a model, compound 3 was capable of reducing disease development in pistils. These results suggest a common inhibition mechanism shared by salicylidene acylhydrazides and indicate that small-molecule inhibitors that disable T3SS function could be explored to control fire blight disease. C1 [Yang, Fan; Zhao, Youfu] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Korban, Schuyler S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Pusey, P. Lawrence] ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Elofsson, Michael] Umea Univ, Dept Chem, Umea Ctr Microbial Res, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Sundin, George W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Zhao, YF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM zhao888@illinois.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-5110-20497]; USDA-SCRI [AG 2009-1181-06023] FX We would like to thank Dr Ian Toth, Dr Peter Cock and Dr Pete E. Hedley of the James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, UK for sharing the microarray. This project was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program Grant No. 2010-5110-20497 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (YFZ) and USDA-SCRI grant AG 2009-1181-06023(SSK). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. NR 65 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 EI 1364-3703 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 15 IS 1 BP 44 EP 57 DI 10.1111/mpp.12064 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 264SX UT WOS:000327901900005 PM 23915008 ER PT B AU Bhatnagar, D Payne, G Klich, M Leslie, JF AF Bhatnagar, Deepak Payne, Gary Klich, Maren Leslie, John F. BE Leslie, JF Logrieco, AF TI Identification of Toxigenic Aspergillus and Fusarium Species in the Maize Grain Chain SO MYCOTOXIN REDUCTION IN GRAIN CHAINS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE aflatoxins; biological species; corn; deoxynivalenol; fumonisins; gene clusters; heterothallic; homothallic; morphology; nivalenol; phylogenetic species; population structure; zearalenone ID AFLATOXIN GENE-CLUSTER; HEAD BLIGHT PATHOGEN; GIBBERELLA-FUJIKUROI; SECTION FLAVI; UNITED-STATES; AGROECOLOGICAL-ZONES; MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION AB Many of the most economically important mycotoxins are synthesized by fungi in one of two fungal genera: Aspergillus (aflatoxins) and Fusarium (fumonisins, zearalenone, and trichothecenes). Even within these genera, many of the species do not produce economically significant quantities of any known mycotoxins. Morphology of spores and cultures growing on defined media have traditionally been used to distinguish these species. Molecular analyses of conserved regions of the genome have increased the putative number of species, with the number of isolates of many newly delineated taxa often too limited to determine their economic importance. Molecular analyses hold the promise of greater taxonomic stability across these genera, but inconsistencies based on morphology, sexual cross-fertility, and phylogenetic methods remain in some critical cases. Mycotoxin biosynthetic genes for individual toxins are usually found in clusters that are recognizable as such in both toxin-producing species and non-toxin-producing related species. Insertions, deletions, and rearrangements within these clusters may affect the amount and exact structure of the mycotoxin produced. Genes within pathways that produce mycotoxins often are well understood, but the regulation of these pathways in response to environmental factors remains poorly understood and is a major target for future research C1 [Bhatnagar, Deepak; Klich, Maren] USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Payne, Gary] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Leslie, John F.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bhatnagar, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. EM deepak.bhatnagar@ars.usda.gov; gary_payne@ncsu.edu; jfl@ksu.edu NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-83279-0; 978-0-8138-2083-5 PY 2014 BP 11 EP 25 D2 10.1002/9781118832790 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BE2JL UT WOS:000369417900003 ER PT B AU Huff, WE Huff, GR AF Huff, William E. Huff, Geraldine R. BE Borysowski, J Miedzybrodzki, R Gorski, A TI Bacteriophage Therapy in Animal Production SO PHAGE THERAPY: CURRENT RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS INFECTION; POSTPARTUM DAIRY-COWS; BROILER-CHICKENS; REDUCE SALMONELLA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; FEEDLOT CATTLE; RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; LYTIC BACTERIOPHAGES AB Concerns over the consequences of bacterial resistance to antibiotics with the use of antibiotics in animal production have led to an increase in research on alternatives to antibiotics. Bacteriophages kill bacteria, are natural, safe, plentiful, self replicating, self limiting, can be used to specifically target pathogens without disruption of commensal bacteria, and have diverse biological properties. These properties make bacteriophages an attractive alternative to antibiotics, especially applicable for the control of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The efficacy of bacteriophages to prevent and treat animal diseases has been shown in almost all production animals in both laboratory and commercial field studies, without any adverse effects in the animals. Although the potential of bacteriophage to control significant diseases in animal production has been demonstrated, bacteriophage therapeutics do not represent a replacement of antibiotics. There are some applications in animal production systems where bacteriophage therapeutics have an advantage over the use of antibiotics and some applications where bacteriophage therapeutics are at a disadvantage over the use of antibiotics. In addition, the effectiveness of antibiotics and bacteriophage therapy can be enhanced when combined to treat animal diseases. The objectives of this chapter are to review the literature documenting the efficacy of bacteriophages to control diseases in animal production, to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of bacteriophage therapy, and to describe possible applications for the use of bacteriophages to control bacterial diseases in commercial poultry, swine, cattle, and aquaculture systems. C1 [Huff, William E.; Huff, Geraldine R.] Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Huff, WE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM huff@uark.edu; grhuff@uark.edu NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-908230-74-4; 978-1-908230-40-9 PY 2014 BP 201 EP 214 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BF7MX UT WOS:000384251600010 ER PT S AU Diaz, JA Youngblood, JP Moon, RJ AF Diaz, Jairo A. Youngblood, Jeffrey P. Moon, Robert J. GP IEEE TI Polarized Light in the Contact Free Determination of Thermal Expansion of Organized Cellulose Nanocrystal Materials SO PROCEEDINGS OF 2014 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON OPTOMECHATRONIC TECHNOLOGIES (ISOT) SE International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Optomechatronic Technologies (ISOT) CY NOV 05-07, 2014 CL Seattle, WA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Washington, Mech Engn, ChinaSteel, JOEM, JSPE, Univ Washington, Elect Engn, Mitutoyo DE cellulose nanocrystals; polarized light; digital image correlation; coefficient of thermal expansion ID FILMS AB The number of applications using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has been consistently increasing due to their sustainable character and unique set of properties. The thermal stability of CNC films has been recently explored by determining the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), where optical response under polarized light was employed to highlight textural features required for digital image correlation calculations.(1) The technique has also been extended to other imaging modes such as bright field and phase contrast in different polymers(2) Major part of the optical and in-plane thermomechanical properties in CNC films are highly correlated to the structure generated by the lyotropic character of aqueous suspensions. C1 [Diaz, Jairo A.; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Diaz, JA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jdiazama@purdue.edu; jpyoungb@purdue.edu; robertmoon@fs.fed.us FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant [FA9550-11-1-0162] FX The authors would like to thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant # FA9550-11-1-0162 for supporting this project. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2304-0572 BN 978-1-4799-6666-0 J9 INT SYMPOS OPTOMECH PY 2014 BP 333 EP 334 DI 10.1109/ISOT.2014.87 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG9ON UT WOS:000393497300078 ER PT S AU Bianconi, A Watts, MJ Huang, Y Serapiao, ABS Govone, JS Mi, X Habermann, G Ferrarini, A AF Bianconi, A. Watts, M. J. Huang, Y. Serapiao, A. B. S. Govone, J. S. Mi, X. Habermann, G. Ferrarini, A. GP IEEE TI Applying Computational Intelligence Methods to Modeling and Predicting Common Bean Germination Rates SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS (IJCNN) SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) CY JUL 06-11, 2014 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; SEED-GERMINATION; CARDINAL TEMPERATURES; EMERGENCE AB The relationship between seed germination rate and environmental temperature is complex. This study assessed the effectiveness of multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques in modeling and predicting the germination rate of two common bean cultivars as a function of distinct temperatures. MLP was utilized to model the germination rate of the cultivars and PSO was employed to determine the optimum temperatures at which the beans germinate most rapidly. The outcomes derived from implementing the MLP were compared with those obtained by means of a traditional statistical method. The MLP provided more accurate results than the conventional statistical regression in predicting germination rate values regarding the two common bean cultivars. The optimum germination rate values derived from implementing the PSO model were more accurate than those obtained by using the conventional quadratic regression. C1 [Bianconi, A.] Int Acad Ecol & Environm Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Watts, M. J.] Auckland Inst Studies, Informat Technol Programme, Auckland, New Zealand. [Huang, Y.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Serapiao, A. B. S.; Govone, J. S.] IGCE DEMAC Unesp, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. [Mi, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Habermann, G.] UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. [Ferrarini, A.] Univ Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy. RP Watts, MJ (reprint author), Auckland Inst Studies, Informat Technol Programme, Auckland, New Zealand. EM drebianconi@yahoo.com.br; mjwatts@ieee.org OI Ferrarini, Alessandro/0000-0001-6290-1988 NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2161-4393 BN 978-1-4799-1484-5 J9 IEEE IJCNN PY 2014 BP 658 EP 662 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BE4BF UT WOS:000371465700097 ER PT J AU Shakiba, E Eizenga, GC AF Shakiba, Ehsan Eizenga, Georgia C. BE Yan, W Bao, J TI Unraveling the Secrets of Rice Wild Species SO RICE - GERMPLASM, GENETICS AND IMPROVEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; BROWN PLANTHOPPER RESISTANCE; ADVANCED BACKCROSS POPULATION; NEPHOTETTIX-CINCTICEPS UHLER; YIELD-RELATED TRAITS; NEAR-ISOGENIC LINES; RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES; ALIEN ADDITION LINES; GRAIN QUALITY TRAITS C1 [Eizenga, Georgia C.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Shakiba, Ehsan] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. RP Eizenga, GC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. EM georgia.eizenga@ars.usda.gov NR 232 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-1240-2 PY 2014 BP 1 EP 58 DI 10.5772/58393 D2 10.5772/51100 PG 58 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BE6JM UT WOS:000374245400002 ER PT J AU Bao, JS Yan, WG AF Bao, Jinsong Yan, Wengui BE Yan, W Bao, J TI RICE - GERMPLASM, GENETICS AND IMPROVEMENT Preface SO RICE - GERMPLASM, GENETICS AND IMPROVEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Bao, Jinsong] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Agr & Biotechnol, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Yan, Wengui] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Bao, JS (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Agr & Biotechnol, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-1240-2 PY 2014 BP VII EP VII D2 10.5772/51100 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BE6JM UT WOS:000374245400001 ER PT J AU Yan, WG Jackson, A Jia, M Zhou, W Xiong, HZ Bryant, R AF Yan, Wengui Jackson, Aaron Jia, Melissa Zhou, Wei Xiong, Haizheng Bryant, Rolfe BE Yan, W Bao, J TI Association Mapping of Four Important Traits Using the USDA Rice Mini-Core Collection SO RICE - GERMPLASM, GENETICS AND IMPROVEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; SHEATH BLIGHT RESISTANCE; YIELD-RELATED TRAITS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; COMPLEX TRAITS; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; DISEASE RESISTANCE C1 [Yan, Wengui; Jackson, Aaron; Jia, Melissa; Zhou, Wei; Xiong, Haizheng; Bryant, Rolfe] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Zhou, Wei] Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR USA. [Xiong, Haizheng] Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Inst Nucl Agr Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Yan, WG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. NR 127 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-1240-2 PY 2014 BP 105 EP 142 DI 10.5772/56830 D2 10.5772/51100 PG 38 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BE6JM UT WOS:000374245400005 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Lee, S Wang, JC Ma, JB Bianco, T Jia, YL AF Wang, Xueyan Lee, Seonghee Wang, Jichun Ma, Jianbing Bianco, Tracy Jia, Yulin BE Yan, W Bao, J TI Current Advances on Genetic Resistance to Rice Blast Disease SO RICE - GERMPLASM, GENETICS AND IMPROVEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE; MARKER-AIDED SELECTION; NBS-LRR PROTEIN; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; FIELD-RESISTANCE; PI-TA; DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM; REPEAT PROTEIN C1 [Wang, Xueyan] China Jiliang Univ, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Lee, Seonghee] Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK USA. [Wang, Jichun] Jilin Acad Agr Sci, Changchun, Peoples R China. [Ma, Jianbing] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Bianco, Tracy; Jia, Yulin] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. RP Jia, YL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. EM yulin.jia@ars.usda.gov NR 105 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-1240-2 PY 2014 BP 195 EP 217 DI 10.5772/56824 D2 10.5772/51100 PG 23 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BE6JM UT WOS:000374245400008 ER PT J AU Yan, WG Moldenhauer, K Zhou, W Xiong, HZ Huang, BH AF Yan, Wengui Moldenhauer, Karen Zhou, Wei Xiong, Haizheng Huang, Bihu BE Yan, W Bao, J TI Rice Straighthead Disease - Prevention, Germplasm, Gene Mapping and DNA Markers for Breeding SO RICE - GERMPLASM, GENETICS AND IMPROVEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER MANAGEMENT; MSMA; CULTIVARS; DISORDER; SOIL; COLLECTION; STERILITY; DIVERSITY; MINERALS C1 [Yan, Wengui; Zhou, Wei; Xiong, Haizheng] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Moldenhauer, Karen; Zhou, Wei; Xiong, Haizheng] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Zhou, Wei; Huang, Bihu] Univ Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR USA. [Xiong, Haizheng] Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Inst Nucl Agr Sci, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Yan, WG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-51-1240-2 PY 2014 BP 219 EP 238 DI 10.5772/56829 D2 10.5772/51100 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BE6JM UT WOS:000374245400009 ER PT B AU Dubey, JP AF Dubey, Jitender P. BE Weiss, LM Kim, K TI The History and Life Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii SO TOXOPLASMA GONDII: THE MODEL APICOMPLEXAN - PERSPECTIVES AND METHODS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; OTTERS ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; SEA OTTERS; SARCOCYSTIS-NEURONA; TISSUE CYSTS; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; ACQUIRED TOXOPLASMOSIS; ELECTRON MICROSCOPE; OVINE TOXOPLASMOSIS C1 ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 170 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-396536-3; 978-0-12-396481-6 PY 2014 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-396481-6.00001-5 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Parasitology GA BIF25 UT WOS:000327995800003 ER PT B AU Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP AF Lindsay, David S. Dubey, Jitender P. BE Weiss, LM Kim, K TI Toxoplasmosis in Wild and Domestic Animals SO TOXOPLASMA GONDII: THE MODEL APICOMPLEXAN - PERSPECTIVES AND METHODS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FATAL DISSEMINATED TOXOPLASMOSIS; TAMARINS LEONTOPITHECUS ROSALIA; FOXES UROCYON-CINEREOARGENTEUS; OYSTERS CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; MEERKATS SURICATA-SURICATTA; DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; REINDEER RANGIFER-TARANDUS; MONKEYS SAIMIRI-SCIUREUS; BEARS URSUS-AMERICANUS; RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR C1 [Lindsay, David S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Lindsay, DS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 194 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-396536-3; 978-0-12-396481-6 PY 2014 BP 193 EP 215 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-396481-6.00006-4 PG 23 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Parasitology GA BIF25 UT WOS:000327995800008 ER PT B AU Nelson, CD Powell, WA Merkle, SA Carlson, JE Hebard, FV Islam-Faridi, N Staton, ME Georgi, L AF Nelson, C. D. Powell, W. A. Merkle, S. A. Carlson, J. E. Hebard, F. V. Islam-Faridi, N. Staton, M. E. Georgi, L. BE Ramawat, KG Merillon, JM Ahuja, MR TI Biotechnology of Trees: Chestnut SO TREE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Castanea dentata; C. mollissima; Cryphonectria parasitica; chestnut blight; Phytophthora cinnamomi; Phytophthora root rot; disease resistance; backcross breeding; clonal propagation; somatic embryogenesis; genetic mapping; candidate genes; genetic engineering; transgenic; cisgenic ID OXALATE OXIDASE GENE; AMERICAN CHESTNUT; CASTANEA-DENTATA; SOMATIC EMBRYOS; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; PHYTOPHTHORA-CINNAMOMI; ENDOTHIA-PARASITICA; POPULUS-TRICHOCARPA; IMPROVED RESISTANCE; ROOT-ROT AB Biotechnology has been practiced on chestnuts (Castanea spp.) for many decades, including vegetative propagation, controlled crossing followed by testing and selection, genetic and cytogenetic mapping, genetic modification, and gene and genome sequencing. Vegetative propagation methods have ranged from grafting and rooting to somatic embryogenesis, often in coordination with breeding efforts and programs. More recently, particularly in the United States, chestnut biotechnology has included the analysis of genes and genomes with the goal of characterizing and finding disease resistance genes and utilizing them for developing resistant Castanea dentata (American chestnut) for use in species conservation programs. In this chapter we review chestnut biotechnology, especially with respect to its development in the United States, with emphasis on producing resistant C. dentata using various resistant sources of C. mollissma (Chinese chestnut) and C. crenata (Japanese chestnut). C1 [Nelson, C. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Southern Inst Forest Genet,Harrison Expt Forest, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. [Powell, W. A.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Merkle, S. A.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Carlson, J. E.] Penn State Univ, Schatz Ctr Tree Mol Genet, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hebard, F. V.; Georgi, L.] Meadowview Res Farms, Amer Chestnut Fdn, Meadowview, VA USA. [Islam-Faridi, N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn,Southern Inst Forest Genet, Forest Tree Mol Cytogenet Lab, College Stn, TX USA. [Staton, M. E.] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, Clemson, SC USA. RP Nelson, CD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Southern Inst Forest Genet,Harrison Expt Forest, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. EM dananelson@fs.fed.us; wapowell@esf.edu NR 140 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-9715-0; 978-1-4665-9714-3 PY 2014 BP 3 EP 35 PG 33 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA BF7RC UT WOS:000384332400002 ER PT B AU Cheong, EJ AF Cheong, Eun Ju BE Ramawat, KG Merillon, JM Ahuja, MR TI Biotechnological Approaches for Improvement and Conservation of Prunus Species SO TREE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Prunus species; biotechnology; in vitro tissue culture; genetic transformation; molecular marker; cryopreservation ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; PLUM-POX-VIRUS; NECROTIC RINGSPOT VIRUS; SIMPLE-SEQUENCE REPEAT; PERSICA L. BATSCH; ADVENTITIOUS SHOOT REGENERATION; IN-VITRO PROPAGATION; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; COAT PROTEIN GENE; X PSEUDOCERASUS PROTOPLASTS AB Biotechnology has contributed to the improvement and conservation of Prunus species. Biotechnological approaches involving in vitro tissue culture, genetic transformation, molecular marker development and cryopreservation were applied to various Prunus species. This report provides an overview of biotechnological research on Prunus species, with an emphasis on ornamental Prunus. C1 [Cheong, Eun Ju] ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cheong, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eunju.cheong@ars.usda.gov NR 181 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-9715-0; 978-1-4665-9714-3 PY 2014 BP 446 EP 468 PG 23 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA BF7RC UT WOS:000384332400016 ER PT B AU Zingg, JM Meydani, M Azzi, A AF Zingg, Jean-Marc Meydani, Mohsen Azzi, Angelo BE Dakshinamurti, K Dakshinamurti, S TI Vitamins E and C Effects on Matrix Components in the Vascular System SO VITAMIN-BINDING PROTEINS: FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; TISSUE GROWTH-FACTOR; TOCOPHEROL TRANSFER PROTEIN; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HUMAN-SKIN FIBROBLASTS; D-ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; RECEPTOR CLASS-B; DEPENDENT DEHYDROASCORBATE REDUCTASE; HUMAN INTESTINAL FIBROBLASTS C1 [Zingg, Jean-Marc; Meydani, Mohsen; Azzi, Angelo] Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Zingg, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 252 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-8020-3; 978-1-4398-8016-6 PY 2014 BP 127 EP 156 PG 30 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Physiology GA BG4II UT WOS:000388845000009 ER PT S AU Blake, T Blake, V Wiersma, J AF Blake, Tom Blake, Victoria Wiersma, Jochim BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Barley SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT; WHEAT; ENVIRONMENTS; CULTIVARS AB From 1912 through 1927, U.S. harvested barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare) area and yield were roughly constant, averaging 3.1 million hectares (about 7.7 million acres) per year and approximately 1.2 t ha(-1), or 22 bu ac(-1). From 1928 through 1942, yield remained at about 1.2 t ha(-1), and barley area grew to a peak of 6.9 million ha harvested, about 17 million acres. From 1943 through 1986, barley area across the United States dropped to about 4.3 million ha, but with considerable improvement of yield, from 1.2 t ha(-1) in 1942 to 2.7 t ha(-1) in 1986 (about 51 bu ac(-1)). 1988 and 1989 were intense drought years across much of the U.S. small grains production region, and in those 2 yr national yields significantly declined. In 1990, barley yield recovered, but barley's area decline continued, falling to 3.0 million ha. In the next decade the barley area decline accelerated to a low of 1.05 million ha nationally (2.6 million acres) in 2011. In 2012, barley area recovered slightly, with 1.3 million ha harvested. Between 1990 and 2012, yields grew from 3.0 to 3.7 t ha(-1). Overall, from 1942 to 2012 average gain in yield per year was a reasonable 43 kg ha(-1). While this indicates good progress in yield, it may not indicate good progress in yield gain through higher-yielding cultivars. The 1985 funding of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) permitted millions of marginal cropping hectares in the Midwest and upper plains states to be rested. This contributed to yield increases by decreasing the contributions of marginally productive barley hectares. Loss of barley area in the Red River Valley due to scab (Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.) and due to competition from Roundup Ready short-season soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and maize (Zea mays L.) varieties during this period also contributed to this dramatic acreage loss. The U.S. malting and brewing industries are America's largest consumers of barley, purchasing more than one-half of the U.S. barley grain crop. More than 70% of the hectares seeded to barley are seeded to cultivars recommended by the American Malting Barley Association (AMBA). The malting and brewing industries are more concerned with crop quality and consistency than yield and are slow to adopt new cultivars. Since barley selected for malting commands a substantially higher farmgate price than does feed barley (often a two-fold difference), most barley growers prefer the recommended malting barley cultivars. The growth of low-and no-till cropping systems coupled with effective management of soil nutrition contributed to barley yield gains over the past two decades. These gains, together with the CRP-mediated reduction of production in truly marginal hectares, are likely responsible for more of the yield gains observed over the past 50 yr than is cultivar improvement. C1 [Blake, Tom] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Pathol, Rm 109,Agr BioSci Bldg, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Blake, Victoria] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Wiersma, Jochim] Univ Minnesota, NW Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN 56716 USA. RP Blake, T (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Pathol, Rm 109,Agr BioSci Bldg, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM blake@montana.edu; victoria.blake@ars.usda.gov; wiers002@umn.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c1 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600003 ER PT S AU Campbell, BT Boykin, D Abdo, Z Meredith, WR AF Campbell, B. Todd Boykin, Debbie Abdo, Zaid Meredith, William R., Jr. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Cotton SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE; UPLAND COTTON; YIELD; IMPROVEMENT; OBSOLETE; IMPACTS AB Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is produced in more than 30 countries and provides a major fiber source for textile manufacturers. In the United States, upland cotton is produced along the southern-most portion of the country in 17 states from California to Virginia. In 2012, the direct market value of 17.0 million bales of U.S. cotton equated US$8.1 billion. Our objective was to document trends in U.S. upland cotton productivity since 1980. A second objective was to document the impact of genetic gain on productivity. Analyses of on-farm and replicated variety trial data suggest that productivity and genetic gain have occurred since 1980. Production systems during this time saw major advances; most notably among these was the successful eradication of the boll weevil (Anthonomous grandis Boheman). Beginning with the adoption of transgenic cultivars in 1996, productivity increased significantly. The rate of genetic gain for yield between 1981 and 1995 was significantly lower than the rate of genetic gain between 1996 and 2011. This indicates the shift to transgenic cotton production systems paralleled substantial yield productivity and genetic gains realized through long-term breeding efforts. Significant genetic gains occurred through efforts to transfer stably inherited transgenes into improved cultivars. Traditional germplasm enhancement programs, new transgenic technology, and molecular and genomic breeding technologies offer exciting opportunities for future productivity increases. C1 [Campbell, B. Todd] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Boykin, Debbie; Meredith, William R., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abdo, Zaid] ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Campbell, BT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM todd.campbell@ars.usda.gov; debbie.boykin@ars.usda.gov; zaid.abdo@ars.usda.gov; bill.meredith@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 13 EP 32 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c2 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 20 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600004 ER PT S AU Brummer, EC Casler, MD AF Brummer, E. Charles Casler, Michael D. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Cool-Season Forages SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WITHIN-FAMILY SELECTION; GENOMIC SELECTION; BIOMASS YIELD; GENETIC PROGRESS; SWITCHGRASS POPULATIONS; TETRAPLOID ALFALFA; IMPROVEMENT; PROSPECTS; CROPS; PERSISTENCE AB Yield improvements of most temperate forage crops have been limited. Data from on-farm USDA statistics, cultivar evaluations, and experiments designed to estimate yield improvement show that alfalfa yield increases have likely been due to improvements in persistence and disease resistances. Little advance in yield per se is evident, particularly in recent decades. Estimates of yield improvement with clover and grass breeding programs that used yield as a selection criterion range up to 6% per decade, although in many cases limited improvement has been noted. Numerous reasons for the lack of forage yield gain can be suggested, including the need for long cycle times, the necessity of high seed yield, and the need to select multiple traits, including forage nutritive value, which is negatively correlated with biomass production. We discuss several ways to improve yield in the future, including testing in sward plots, focusing on smaller population sizes with more highly selected individuals, capturing heterosis, and incorporating genetic markers, particularly using genomic selection. Although breeding gains for yield have been modest in most forage crops, we are optimistic about greater advances in the future. C1 [Brummer, E. Charles] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brummer, E. Charles] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Brummer, EC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ecbrummer@ucdavis.edu; mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 33 EP 51 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c3 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 19 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600005 ER PT S AU Simko, I Hayes, RJ Mou, BQ McCreight, JD AF Simko, Ivan Hayes, Ryan J. Mou, Beiquan McCreight, James D. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Lettuce and Spinach SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LACTUCA-SATIVA L.; VERTICILLIUM WILT; BREEDING LINES; CRISPHEAD LETTUCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; TIPBURN DEVELOPMENT; CULTIVATED LETTUCE; ROOT ARCHITECTURE; GENETIC-VARIATION AB Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) a nd spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) are c ultivated i n many countries around the world. Their production in the United States is concentrated mostly in California and Arizona, where they are grown year-round. U.S. lettuce products are categorized into three market uses: whole heads, bulk harvest (for salad processing, food service, or value-added products), and "baby leaf" or "spring mix." The three main lettuce types produced in the United States are iceberg (L. sativa L. var. capitata L.), romaine (L. sativa L. var. longifolia L.), and leaf (L. sativa var. crispa L.). Iceberg yield increased 183% from 1950 to 2012, romaine yield increased 12% from 1992 to 2012, and leaf yield increased 14% from 1992 to 2012. Comparative yield trials of old and modern lettuce cultivars have not been done. Yield components were identified for each market use. Spinach market uses are fresh, which may be bunched, bagged [with small (baby) or intermediate sized leaves], or blended into spring mix, and processed (frozen or canned). Spinach yield varies with locations and seasons, but gains in yield have largely been attributed to the development of hybrid cultivars that exhibit heterosis. Fresh market spinach yield in California increased 50% from 1961 to 2011. Increased lettuce and spinach yield due to changes in agronomic practices (e. g., wide beds and high plant density) and more uniform and disease-and pest-resistant cultivars are offset to some extent by shifts in market uses (e. g., reduced proportion of the head harvested for romaine lettuce hearts) and early harvest for baby leaf lettuce and spinach. Sustained and increased lettuce and spinach yield depend on further optimized agronomic practices and productive cultivars with desirable quality, uniformity, and disease and pest resistance that are adaptable to variable environmental conditions and have increased water and nitrogen use efficiency. C1 [Simko, Ivan; Hayes, Ryan J.; Mou, Beiquan; McCreight, James D.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP McCreight, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM ivan.simko@ars.usda.gov; ryan.hayes@ars.usda.gov; beiquan.mou@ars.usda.gov; jim.mccreight@ars.usda.gov NR 111 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 53 EP 85 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c4 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 33 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600006 ER PT S AU Vandemark, GJ Brick, MA Osorno, JM Kelly, JD Urrea, CA AF Vandemark, George J. Brick, Mark A. Osorno, Juan M. Kelly, James D. Urrea, Carlos A. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Edible Grain Legumes SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; APHANOMYCES ROOT-ROT; BEAN PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; WINTER FEED PEA; CROP YIELD; SEED YIELD; GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT; ASCOCHYTA BLIGHT; DIDYMELLA-RABIEI; GERMPLASM LINES AB Edible grain legumes, including dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.), and lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus), have served as important sources of protein in the human diet for thousands of years. In the United States, these crops are consumed nationally and produced for export markets. The objectives of this study were to examine yield gains in edible grain legume crops over the past 25 yr. Genetic gain in dry bean during the past 30 yr based on common trials was 13.9 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) (0.77% yr(-1)) and 17.4 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) (0.85% yr(-1)) for navy and pinto bean cultivars, respectively. Data from national yield trials on research sites indicates that yield gains were 0.4, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.7% for pinto, navy, black, and kidney beans, respectively. The results also suggest that dry bean cultivars have not reached a yield plateau for most market classes. Continued introgression of germplasm from other races of common bean should provide new sources of genetic diversity to enhance yield in the future. Over the past 25 yr, the production of cool season food legumes (pea, lentil, and chickpea) in the United States has increased dramatically; however, yields of dry pea in the United States have decreased by 0.3% per year, lentil yields have increased by only 0.1% per year, and chickpea yields have increased by 2.8% per year. Pea and lentil production has increased dramatically in Montana and North Dakota, but the cultivars grown in this region were originally developed in the U. S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) and Canada and are likely not well adapted for Montana and North Dakota. Several currently grown cultivars are at least 20 yr old, but new cultivars have been released that are superior to these older cultivars. C1 [Vandemark, George J.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, 303 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Brick, Mark A.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Osorno, Juan M.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Kelly, James D.] Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Urrea, Carlos A.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. RP Vandemark, GJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, 303 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM george.vandemark@ars.usda.gov; Mark.Brick@ColoState.edu; Juan.Osorno@ndsu.edu; kellyj@msu.edu; currea2@unl.edu NR 134 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 87 EP 123 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c5 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 37 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600007 ER PT S AU Holbrook, CC Brenneman, TB Stalker, HT Johnson, WC Ozias-Akins, P Chu, Y Vellidis, G McClusky, D AF Holbrook, C. Corley Brenneman, Tim B. Stalker, H. Thomas Johnson, W. Carroll, III Ozias-Akins, Peggy Chu, Ye Vellidis, George McClusky, Duncan BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Peanut SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; CULTIVATED PEANUT; SOILBORNE PATHOGENS; GRASS CONTROL; SPOTTED-WILT; CROP GENOMES; LINKAGE MAP; REGISTRATION; YIELD; INTERFERENCE AB Average yields of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the United States set an all-time record of 4695 kg ha(-1) in 2012. This far exceeded the previous record yield of 3837 kg ha(-1) in 2008. Favorable weather conditions undoubtedly contributed to the record yields in 2012; however, these record yields would not have been achievable without numerous technological advances that have been made in peanut production. The cumulative effect of these technologies caused U.S. yields to increase sixfold from 739 kg ha(-1) i n 1909 t o 4695 k g h a(-1) i n 2012. I f we d isregard t he r ecord y ield of 2012, the average gain from 1909 to 2011 was 29.9 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). These yield gains are due to improved cultivars, advances in agronomic practices, improvements in practices and chemistries for control of weeds and diseases, and increased use of precision agriculture, particularly for the digging and harvesting of the crop. Modern peanut cultivars have much higher yield potential; however, because of the synergism between production systems and plant breeding, it is difficult to precisely quantify the amount of the yield gains that are due to improved cultivars. In addition to yield per se, cultivar development has also resulted in improved resistance to important yield-limiting diseases. This has had important economic impacts on U.S. peanut production. C1 [Holbrook, C. Corley; Johnson, W. Carroll, III] ARS, USDA, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Brenneman, Tim B.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Stalker, H. Thomas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ozias-Akins, Peggy; Chu, Ye] Univ Georgia, NESPAL, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Vellidis, George] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [McClusky, Duncan] Univ Georgia, Lib, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Holbrook, CC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Corley.holbrook@ars.usda.gov; arachis@uga.edu; tom_stalker@ncsu.edu; Carroll.johnson@ars.usda.gov; pozias@uga.edu; ye.chu.test@gmail.com; yiorgos@uga.edu; Mcclusky@uga.edu NR 110 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 173 EP 194 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c7 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 22 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600009 ER PT S AU Jansky, SH Spooner, DM Bethke, PC AF Jansky, Shelley H. Spooner, David M. Bethke, Paul C. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Potato SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOGEOGRAPHIC PREDICTIVITY RESISTANCE; MULTIPLE DISEASE RESISTANCES; GOLDEN NEMATODE RESISTANT; CULTIVATED POTATO; WILD RELATIVES; RUSSET NORKOTAH; TAXONOMIC PREDICTIVITY; COLORADO POTATO; FRESH-MARKET; BREEDING PROGRESS AB For more than half a century, yield gains for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) have outpaced those for most other crops. Virtually all of this improvement in productivity has come from improved management of the crop and a shift to production in geographic regions with higher yield potential. Genetic gains for total yield have been negligible in comparison, although newer potato varieties have produced significant economic benefits in terms of increased marketable yield and improved tuber quality. Continuing the trend of increasing yield per unit area will have significant benefits for society and for producers during the upcoming decades, when competition for land and water resources is expected to be fierce, and costs of production are likely to increase. It seems likely that genetic improvement will make a greater contribution to productivity increases, but only if customers are willing to accept newer varieties. Improvements in our understanding of potato genetics and genomics are likely to contribute to the goal of increasing yield by making the breeding process more efficient. Biotechnology has the potential to make a substantial contribution to yield increases as well, particularly though increased resistance to insect pests and diseases including late blight [caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary], Potato virus Y, and Verticillium wilt (caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb.). Refinements in the how the crop is grown and stored are continuing to increase yields, and this trend shows no sign of plateauing. Thus, it seems likely that the remarkable improvements in potato yield that have occurred in the past several decades will continue into the future. C1 [Jansky, Shelley H.; Spooner, David M.; Bethke, Paul C.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jansky, SH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shelley.jansky@ars.usda.gov; david.spooner@ars.usda.gov; paul.bethke@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 195 EP 217 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c8 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 23 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600010 ER PT S AU Jensen, KB Anderson, WF AF Jensen, Kevin B. Anderson, William F. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Rangeland and Warm-Season Forage Grasses SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS; RESTRICTED PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; IMPROVED SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; SNAKE RIVER WHEATGRASS; ORBIT TALL WHEATGRASS; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS; WESTERN WHEATGRASS; GENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS AB The development of rangeland grasses, particularly the wheatgrasses and wildryes, and warm-season grasses was initiated in the late 1800s to early 1900s and was associated with the development of the midwestern and western United States. During this period, undisturbed rangeland was replaced with cultivated crops; however, subsequent droughts left this land void of vegetation and subject to soil erosion and dunning. In an attempt to mitigate the problem, plant collectors were sent throughout the world with the charge to secure seeds and plants valuable for a variety of purposes. Many of the wheatgrasses and wildryes were introduced into the United States at this time. However, associated with these introductions was a lack of knowledge about how these grasses reproduce, chromosome numbers, and complex allpolyploidy and autopolyploidy. Hence, most of the initial cultivar development was limited to direct seed increase after a collection had been evaluated for establishment, persistence, and seed and forage yield. Occasionally, several cycles of mass selection would be conducted to eliminate off types in the seed production field. Even today, under the current directives to restore disturbed rangelands to their native habitat, native range grass development programs are centered on the release of locally adapted ecotypes with limited to no genetic selection. As funding increased for range grass breeding in the 1950s, basic research questions regarding different modes of reproduction and genetic relationships within and among the different species and genera allowed breeders to explore the use of intraspecific and interspecific hybrids and interploidy breeding through chromosome doubling. The introgression of new and unique germplasm into range grass breeding programs resulted in increased seedling establishment, stand persistence, and seed and forage yields. In addition, forage digestibility was enhanced. Molecular tools have been used to expand genetic variation by identifying geographical regions with the greatest genetic diversity for either inclusion into a breeding program or development of ecotypes with a unique genetic background. C1 [Jensen, Kevin B.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 North 1100 East, Logan, UT 84332 USA. [Anderson, William F.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 North 1100 East, Logan, UT 84332 USA. EM Kevin.Jensen@ars.usda.gov; Bill.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 209 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 219 EP 266 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c9 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 48 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600011 ER PT S AU Specht, JE Diers, BW Nelson, RL de Toledo, JFF Torrion, JA Grassini, P AF Specht, James E. Diers, Brian W. Nelson, Randall L. Ferraz de Toledo, Jose Francisco Torrion, Jessica A. Grassini, Patricio BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Soybean SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID X MANAGEMENT INTERACTIONS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES; USE EFFICIENCY; CYST-NEMATODE; SOUTHERN USA; PARANA-STATE; GRAIN-YIELD; SSR MARKERS; CULTIVARS AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield improvement arises from continual producer adoption of genetic technology-the annual releases of new cultivars that express ever-greater genetic yield potential, and agronomic technology-the periodic transformations in crop and soil management practices that enhance environmental yield potential. The contribution of both factors, and their interaction, to soybean yield is assessed in this chapter. In the United States, the rate of on-farm yield improvement from 1924 to 2012 is 23.3 kg ha(-1) yr(-1), whereas the Brazilian rate from 1977 to 2013 is 43.5 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). When a segmental regression model was applied, the post-1983 U.S. rate increased 25% to 29.4 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). The genetic rates of yield improvement in the United States for Maturity Group (MG) II, III, and IV cultivars, estimated by growing cultivars from different eras in common environments, were 23.1, 22.8, and 19.5 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). In the states in which these MG cultivars are adapted, the on-farm rates are 27.3 (MG II & III) and 21.4 (MG IV) kg ha(-1) yr(-1). Statistical modeling indicates that the more recent genetic improvement rates for the three MGs are 31.1, 29.4, and 26.5 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). Comparison of on-farm yield improvement and genetic yield improvement in high-yield irrigated production environments suggests that about two-thirds of the on-farm yield improvement is likely arising from the contribution of continual release of ever-higher yielding soybean cultivars that are quickly adopted by soybean producers. Periodic advances in agronomic practices adopted by producers likely account for the other one-third, but recent publications have documented another contributor-synergistic genetic x agronomic interactions, wherein the difference between the yields of modern and obsolete cultivars widens when the agronomic productivity is enhanced by better crop management practices (e. g., earlier planting date). The impact of rising atmospheric CO2 levels on soybean yield was judged to be small, but it will be cumulative over time. C1 [Specht, James E.; Grassini, Patricio] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 322 Keim Hall,East Campus,1875 N 38th St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Diers, Brian W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Natl Soybean Res Ctr 268, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Torrion, Jessica A.] Montana State Univ, Northwestern Agr Res Ctr NWARC, Crop Physiol, Dept Res Ctr, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. RP Specht, JE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 322 Keim Hall,East Campus,1875 N 38th St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jspecht1@unl.edu; bdiers@illinois.edu; randall.nelson@ars.usda.gov; JToledo@nidera.com.br; jessica.torrion@montana.edu; pgrassini2@unl.edu NR 100 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 311 EP 355 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c12 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 45 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600014 ER PT S AU Panella, L Kaffka, SR Lewellen, RT McGrath, JM Metzger, MS Strausbaugh, CA AF Panella, Lee Kaffka, Stephen R. Lewellen, Robert T. McGrath, J. Mitchell Metzger, Mike S. Strausbaugh, Carl A. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Sugarbeet SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID YELLOW-VEIN-VIRUS; BETA-VULGARIS L.; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CURLY-TOP; ROOT-ROT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ELEVATED CO2; CROWN ROT; RHIZOMANIA RESISTANCE; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI AB Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris) is an industrial crop grown commercially as a hybrid, with sucrose refined from the root as the plant constituent of interest. Yield of refined white sugar produced per unit area is a complex trait. Sugar yield is calculated by the root weight times the proportion of root that is sucrose, minus the amount of sucrose lost during processing, often expressed as percent loss to molasses or juice purity. Yields have risen in the last 100 yr from about 10% sucrose and 22.4 Mg ha(-1) (10 t ac(-1)) to 18% sucrose and more than 65 Mg ha(-1) (29.3 t ac(-1)). There also has been a shift in acreage from the western United States (especially California and Colorado) to the northern Midwest (Red River Valley). Although not all of this improvement is attributable to genetic improvement in the crop, a strong collaborative effort between commercial breeders and public breeders (USDA-ARS) has increased yield potential, while improving resistance to many diseases, leading to increases in yield. This continuing collaboration between private and public breeders will be necessary to meet the challenges of climate change and the utilization of beet as a sustainable biofuel and chemical feedstock. C1 [Panella, Lee] ARS, USDA, Crop Res Lab, 1701 Ctr Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kaffka, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lewellen, Robert T.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [McGrath, J. Mitchell] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, ARS, USDA,Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Metzger, Mike S.] Minn Dak Farmers Cooperat, Wahpeton, ND 58075 USA. [Strausbaugh, Carl A.] ARS, USDA, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Panella, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Res Lab, 1701 Ctr Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Lee.Panella@ars.usda.gov; srkaffka@ucdavis.edu; Robert.Lewellen@ars.usda.gov; mitchmcg@msu.edu; mmetzger@mdf.coop; carl.strausbaugh@ars.usda.gov OI Strausbaugh, Carl/0000-0001-6773-1375 NR 164 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 357 EP 395 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c13 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 39 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600015 ER PT S AU Edme, SJ Suman, A Kimbeng, C AF Edme, Serge J. Suman, Andru Kimbeng, Collins BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Sugarcane SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SELECTION; POLYMORPHISM; FLORIDA AB To ascertain genetic gains in yield traits obtained through breeding sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) for Florida, USA and to assess the correlated impact on genetic diversity, a comprehensive analysis was initiated with three field and a molecular experiments using historical cultivars released from 1930 to 2004. Cultivars were tested in south Florida on muck and sand soils from 2008 to 2012 and in north Florida in 2011 through 2013 to estimate gains in freeze tolerance. Microsatellite and target region amplified polymorphism markers were used to score progenitors and sugarcane cultivars. Genetic gains of 3.2 and 2.8% decade(-1), respectively, were realized on muck and sand for recoverable sucrose and gains of 3.5 and 2.6% decade(-1) for cane yield (CY). No change was observed in height (HT), but diameter (DIAM) was reduced overall at 0.05 mm yr(-1) on both soils. Modern sugarcane cultivars are more adapted to the soil spectrum in the Florida industry with 70% increase (53 yr(-1)) in performance index and to the subtropical environment with 18% increase in freeze tolerance. Changes in the phenotypic traits were accompanied with modifications at the gene level, measured as decadal reductions in gene diversity (0.002), in percent polymorphism (6%), in number of alleles (21) and of rare alleles (11), and as an increase in the coefficient of coancestry (0.07). Linkage disequilibrium passed through two intermittent phases of increase (selection) and decay (recombination). Both markers suggested balancing selection as the main driver in maintaining genetic variation in the Florida breeding population. Combining the molecularphenotypic results indicated that, constrained by unfavorable correlations in the "cane yield. height. diameter. sucrose" genetic architecture, the stronger selection pressure directed at increasing sucrose than at cane yield in Florida might have promoted a higher frequency of loci for this trait over positive pleiotropic loci or of alleles with antagonistic pleiotropy, slowing the upward trend of cane yield. The use of a selection index based on relevant genetic parameters may help bring the composite trait (sucrose. cane yield) closer to the optimum space where a more efficient joint improvement is possible. C1 [Edme, Serge J.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Suman, Andru] DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. [Kimbeng, Collins] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, St Gabriel, LA 70776 USA. RP Edme, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM serge.edme@ars.usda.gov; sumangene@yahoo.com; CKimbeng@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 397 EP 431 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c14 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 35 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600016 ER PT S AU Hulke, BS Kleingartner, LW AF Hulke, Brent S. Kleingartner, Larry W. BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Sunflower SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L.; WILD HYBRID SUNFLOWER; OLEIC-ACID CONTENT; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; GERMPLASM LINES; GENETIC STOCKS; DOWNY MILDEW; LEPIDOPTERA-PHYCITIDAE; PLASMOPARA-HALSTEDII; PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI AB Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a relatively new crop to North America, with production beginning in earnest in the 1970s in the United States. There have been many challenges to production, including agronomic issues such as seed placement and herbicide systems adequate for weed control, disease issues caused by many different pathogens, insect infestation caused by several, mainly seed-based insect pests, and even predation by blackbirds. Genetics-based solutions have been provided in the forms of herbicide resistance systems, vertical resistance to downy mildew and sunflower rust, and to some extent, quantitatively inherited Sclerotinia resistance. The possibility of a genetic solution to sunflower insect issues has been considered and is the topic of current research. Genetic gain in sunflower has been judged more by the ability of the plant to overcome these problems via genetic means (by defending existing yield gains) than by improving yield itself. Employing modern genomic tools now and in the future should allow breeders to spend less time breeding defensive traits and more time concentrating on making yield gains in target environments. However, this will probably need to be accomplished without the use of transgenic modification, as genetically modified (GM) lines will likely face difficult hurdles in regulatory and market acceptance. C1 [Hulke, Brent S.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Kleingartner, Larry W.] Natl Sunflower Assoc, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Hulke, BS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM brent.hulke@ars.usda.gov; larry.kleingartner@icloud.com NR 103 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 433 EP 457 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c15 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 25 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600017 ER PT S AU Graybosch, R Bockelman, HE Garland-Campbell, KA Garvin, DF Regassa, T AF Graybosch, Robert Bockelman, Harold E. Garland-Campbell, Kimberly A. Garvin, David F. Regassa, Teshome BE Smith, S Diers, B Specht, J Carver, B TI Wheat SO YIELD GAINS IN MAJOR U.S. FIELD CROPS SE CSSA Special Publications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RED WINTER-WHEAT; GENETIC YIELD GAINS; SPRING BREAD WHEAT; GRAIN-YIELD; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; CROP IMPROVEMENT; GREAT-PLAINS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; QUALITY TRAITS; CHROMOSOME 3A AB Grain yield of wheat (Triticum spp.), a vital component of world food supplies, rose steadily in the 20th century, due both to improved agronomic practices and plant breeding. Increases in wheat grain yield (kilograms harvested per hectare) over time derive from improved agronomic practices and from enhanced genetic potential of wheat cultivars. Estimation of the rate of genetic improvement through time is important because it allows prediction of whether future grain supplies will meet future demands of world population. In this study, wheat grain yields, relative to check cultivars in USDA-ARS coordinated regional performance trials, were calculated for the time period 1980 through 2010, and regression analysis was used to evaluate changes in relative grain yield potential versus year of the trial. The results were compared to those of previous investigations in which an identical approach was used for the time period 1958 through 1980. Averaged across all trials, the genetic potential for grain yield increased from 1980 to 2010 at a rate of approximately 0.8% per year, lower than the value of 1.2% reported for the time period 1958 through 1980. The observed rates of increase were statistically different (P = 0.05) from zero for all USDA-ARS performance nurseries, with the exception of the Southern Regional Performance Nursery and the Pacific Northwest Soft Winter Wheat Nursery. These two trials represent the lowest and highest yielding environments, suggesting that genetic progress has been difficult when moisture is often limiting or when wheat yields are approaching biological limits. Future prospects for enhanced genetic potential for grain yield in wheat might very well depend on the application of the tools of genetic engineering, if the exploitable genetic variation for grain yield already has been utilized. C1 [Graybosch, Robert] UNL, ARS, USDA, 137 Keim Hall,East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Bockelman, Harold E.] Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Garland-Campbell, Kimberly A.] Washington State Univ, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Garvin, David F.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Regassa, Teshome] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Graybosch, R (reprint author), UNL, ARS, USDA, 137 Keim Hall,East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Bob.Graybosch@ars.usda.gov; Harold.Bockelman@ars.usda.gov; kim.garland-campbell@ars.usda.gov; David.Garvin@ars.usda.gov; Tregassa2@unl.edu RI Regassa, Teshome /D-6476-2015 NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0895-9978 BN 978-0-89118-620-5; 978-0-89118-619-9 J9 CSSA SPEC PUBL JI CSSA Spec. Publ. PY 2014 VL 33 BP 459 EP 487 DI 10.2135/cssaspecpub33.c16 D2 10.2135/cssaspecpub33 PG 29 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BE3JD UT WOS:000370797600018 ER PT J AU Manfrino, RG Hatting, JL Humber, R Salto, CE Lastra, CCL AF Manfrino, R. G. Hatting, J. L. Humber, R. Salto, C. E. Lopez Lastra, C. C. TI Natural occurrence of entomophthoroid fungi (Entomophthoromycota) of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on cereal crops in Argentina SO ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphididae; biological control; cereal crops; entomopathogenic fungi; Entomophthoromycota ID NEOZYGITES-FRESENII ENTOMOPHTHORALES; RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID; HOMOPTERA-APHIDIDAE; SOUTHWESTERN IDAHO; PATHOGENIC FUNGI; SOUTH-AFRICA; COTTON; GOSSYPII; BARLEY; INFECTIONS AB The spectrum of entomophthoroid fungal species parasitising aphids on cereal crops and a study of the phenology and prevalence of these pathogens were investigated in Argentina. The studies were conducted at six different sites cultivated with crops of Triticum aestivum (wheat), Avena sativa (oats) and Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) during two consecutive years. Entomopathogenic fungi from the new phylum Entomophthoromycota were recorded from six aphid species on cereals in Argentina: Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum padi, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis, Schizaphis graminum, Sitobion avenae and Sipha maydis. Three species of entomophthoroid fungi were found infecting these aphid species: Pandora neoaphidis, Zoophthora radicans (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) and Neozygites fresenii (Neozygitales: Neozygitaceae). Entomophthoroid fungal infections occurred mostly in autumn-winter seasons (March-August), and coincided with periods of high relative humidity and comparatively low temperatures. This study represents the first base-line characterisation of entomophthoroid fungi infecting aphids on cereal crops in Argentina. C1 [Manfrino, R. G.; Salto, C. E.] INTA, Area Invest Agron Protecc Vegetal, RA-2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Manfrino, R. G.; Lopez Lastra, C. C.] UNLP CONICET, Ctr Estudios Parasitol & Vectores CEPAVE, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Hatting, J. L.] Small Grain Inst, South African Agr Res Council, ZA-9700 Bethlehem, South Africa. [Humber, R.] USDA ARS, Biol IPM Res, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Manfrino, RG (reprint author), INTA, Area Invest Agron Protecc Vegetal, Ruta Nacl 34,Km 227, RA-2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina. EM manfrino.romina@inta.gob.ar NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0003-4746 EI 1744-7348 J9 ANN APPL BIOL JI Ann. Appl. Biol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 164 IS 1 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1111/aab.12089 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 264RO UT WOS:000327898400015 ER PT J AU Luo, SP Naranjo, SE Wu, KM AF Luo, Shuping Naranjo, Steven E. Wu, Kongming TI Biological control of cotton pests in China SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Cotton; Natural enemies; Habitat manipulation; Natural enemy diversity; Augmentation; Conservation ID BEMISIA-TABACI; MICROPLITIS-MEDIATOR; BT COTTON; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA; TRANSGENIC COTTON; MULTIPLE CROPS; MANAGEMENT; BOLLWORM; HYMENOPTERA AB Cotton is one of the most economically important crops in China, while insect pest damage is the major restriction factor for cotton production. The strategy of integrated pest management (IPM), in which biological control plays an important role, has been widely applied. Nearly 500 species of natural enemies have been reported in cotton systems in China, but few species have been examined closely. Seventy-six species, belonging to 53 genera, of major arthropod predators and parasitoids of lepidoptera pests, and 46 species, belonging to 29 genera, of natural enemies of sucking pests have been described. In addition, microsporidia, fungi, bacteria and viruses are also important natural enemies of cotton pests. Trichogramma spp., Microplitis mediator, Amblyseius cucumeris, Bacillus thuringiensis and Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) have been mass reared or commercially produced and used in China. IPM strategies for cotton pests comprising of cultural, biological, physical and chemical controls have been developed and implemented in the Yellow River Region (YRR), Changjiang River Region (CRR) and Northwestern Region (NR) of China over the past several decades. In recent years, Bt cotton has been widely planted for selectively combating cotton bollworm, H. armigera, pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, and other lepidopteran pest species. As a result of reduced insecticide sprays, increased abundance of natural enemies in Bt cotton fields efficiently prevents outbreaks of other pests such as cotton aphids. In contrast, populations of mirid plant bugs have increased dramatically due to a reduction in the number of foliar insecticide applications for control of the bollworms in Bt cotton, and now pose a key problem in cotton production. In response to this new pest issue in cotton production, control strategies including biological control measures are being developed in China. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Luo, Shuping; Wu, Kongming] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pest, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Naranjo, Steven E.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Wu, KM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, West Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM kmwu@ippcaas.cn FU Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of the Ministry of Finance of China [201103012]; National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127602] FX We are grateful to funded by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of the Ministry of Finance of China (201103012) and National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127602). NR 84 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 99 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2014 VL 68 BP 6 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.06.004 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 263PW UT WOS:000327821500002 ER PT J AU Ye, GY Xiao, Q Chen, M Chen, XX Yuan, ZJ Stanley, DW Hu, C AF Ye, Gong-Yin Xiao, Qiang Chen, Mao Chen, Xue-xin Yuan, Zhi-jun Stanley, David W. Hu, Cui TI Tea: Biological control of insect and mite pests in China SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Tea ecosystem; Biological control; Natural enemies ID EUPROCTIS-PSEUDOCONSPERSA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; ECTROPIS-OBLIQUA; NATURAL ENEMIES; TUSSOCK MOTH; VOLATILES; RESPONSES; SHOOTS; ORGANIZATION; HYMENOPTERA AB Tea is one of the most economically important crops in China. To secure its production and quality, biological control measures within the context of integrated pest management (IPM) has been widely popularized in China. IMP programs also provide better control of arthropod pests on tea with less chemical insecticide usage and minimal impact on the environment. More than 1100 species of natural enemies including about 80 species of viruses, 40 species of fungi, 240 species of parasitoids and 600 species of predators, as well as several species of bacteria have been recorded in tea ecosystems in China. Biological and ecological characteristics of some dominant natural enemies have been well documented. Several viral, bacterial, and fungal insecticides have been commercially utilized at large scale in China. Progress in biological control methods in conjunction with other pest control approaches for tea insect pest management is reviewed in this article. Knowledge gaps and future directions for tea pest management are also discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ye, Gong-Yin; Chen, Xue-xin; Hu, Cui] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Insect Sci, Key Lab Agr Entomol, Minist Agr, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Qiang; Yuan, Zhi-jun] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Tea Res Inst, Hangzhou 310008, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Chen, Mao] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Stanley, David W.] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. RP Ye, GY (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Inst Insect Sci, Key Lab Agr Entomol, Minist Agr, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM chu@zju.edu.cn RI Chen, Xue-xin/D-1592-2010 OI Chen, Xue-xin/0000-0002-9109-8853 FU China National Science Fund for Innovative Research Groups of Biological Control [31021003]; China National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [31025021] FX This work was supported by grants from China National Science Fund for Innovative Research Groups of Biological Control (Grant no. 31021003), and China National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant no. 31025021). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. All programs and services of the U. S. Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. NR 298 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2014 VL 68 BP 73 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.06.013 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 263PW UT WOS:000327821500008 ER PT J AU Yang, B Nar, M Visi, DK Allen, M Ayre, B Webber, CL Lu, HB D'Souza, NA AF Yang, Bing Nar, Mangesh Visi, David K. Allen, Michael Ayre, Brian Webber, Charles L., III Lu, Hongbing D'Souza, Nandika Anne TI Effects of chemical versus enzymatic processing of kenaf fibers on poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)/poly(butylene adipate -co-terephthalate) composite properties SO COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); Mechanical properties; Thermal analysis; Compression molding ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-3-HYDROXYVALERATE); POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-4-HYDROXYBUTYRATE); POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES; COPOLYESTERS; BLENDS AB Fibers from the kenaf plant for composites are extracted using various retting processes. In this paper, we investigate the impact of retting by NaOH alkaline soak and enzymatic retting using pectinase on the crystallization and mechanical performance of a biopolymer blend of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate). Two fiber lengths, 5 and 10 mm and a hybrid 1:1 fiber mixture were utilized. From DMA results, the NaOH retted fibers showed synergistic benefits of using hybrid fiber lengths on modulus. The pectinase retted samples did not show synergistic benefits of fiber lengths but composites of the same fiber length retted by pectinase outperformed the corresponding composites with NaOH retted fibers. The fiber retting method also affected recrystallization of the biopolymer. Pectinase retting showed a higher recrystallization temperature than NaOH retting. Transcrystallization resulting from fiber presence was analyzed using polarized optical microscopy. ESEM revealed smoother surfaces on the pectinase retted fibers compared to NaOH. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Bing; Nar, Mangesh; D'Souza, Nandika Anne] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Visi, David K.; Allen, Michael; Ayre, Brian] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Webber, Charles L., III] ARS, USDA, SRU, Houma, LA USA. [Lu, Hongbing] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mech Engn, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. RP D'Souza, NA (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM ndsouza@unt.edu RI Lu, Hongbing/A-1312-2011; OI Ayre, Brian/0000-0002-7399-200X FU NSF [1114389, 1031828/1031829] FX We acknowledge NSF 1114389 and NSF 1031828/1031829 for financial support to fulfill this work. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-8368 EI 1879-1069 J9 COMPOS PART B-ENG JI Compos. Pt. B-Eng. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 56 BP 926 EP 933 DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.09.022 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 259YN UT WOS:000327562300117 ER PT J AU German, SE Kolmer, JA AF German, Silvia E. Kolmer, James A. TI Leaf rust resistance in selected late maturity, common wheat cultivars from Uruguay SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum; Puccinia triticina; Genetics of resistance; Gene postulation ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; PUCCINIA-RECONDITA; STRIPE RUST; GENE LR34; INHERITANCE; REGION; LR46 AB Leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina) is one of the most important diseases of wheat in Uruguay, and breeding for resistance to this disease is a priority for the INIA wheat program. Knowledge of the effective resistance genes present in the germplasm is relevant when selecting for effective and more durable resistance. The leaf rust resistance present in six adapted wheat cultivars that are parents of many advanced lines was studied. Races of P. triticina with different virulence combinations were used to determine which seedling resistance genes might be present in the six cultivars and/or derived lines. Genetic analysis of seedling and adult plant resistance (APR) was conducted on BC(1)F2 and F-3 generations from crosses of four cultivars with the susceptible cultivar Thatcher. The presence of APR genes Lr13 and Lr34 was confirmed with crosses of the four cultivars and Thatcher lines with these genes. A genetic marker associated with Lr34 was used to postulate the presence of this gene in all cultivars. The cultivars and resistance genes postulated to be present were: Estanzuela Calandria Lr3bg, Lr16 and Lr24; Estanzuela Federal Lr10; Estanzuela Halcon Lr10, Lr14a, and Lr16; INIA Tijereta and INIA Garza Lr16, Lr24 and Lr34; and INIA Torcaza Lr10 and Lr24. Only Lr16 and Lr34 remain effective to the predominant pathotypes. Additional ineffective seedling resistance that could not be identified was present in E. Federal, I. Tijereta and I. Torcaza. Unknown APR gene(s) could be present in E. Calandria and E. Federal. C1 [German, Silvia E.] Natl Inst Agr Res La Estanzuela, Colonia 70000, Uruguay. [Kolmer, James A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP German, SE (reprint author), Natl Inst Agr Res La Estanzuela, Ruta 50,Km 11-5, Colonia 70000, Uruguay. EM sgerman@inia.org.uy FU Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Winnipeg MB); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory (St. Paul, MN); Canadian International Development Agency (Wheat Pathology and Tillage CIDA/INIA) [964/1463] FX Research support was provided by the Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Winnipeg MB) and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory (St. Paul, MN). The research was supported with funding from the Canadian International Development Agency (Wheat Pathology and Tillage CIDA/INIA Project 964/1463). We thank Richard Garcia and Elena Caballero for technical assistance. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2014 VL 195 IS 1 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s10681-013-0974-3 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 264PP UT WOS:000327892000004 ER PT J AU Tyagi, P Bowman, DT Bourland, FM Edmisten, K Campbell, BT Fraser, DE Wallace, T Kuraparthy, V AF Tyagi, Priyanka Bowman, Daryl T. Bourland, Fred M. Edmisten, Keith Campbell, B. Todd Fraser, Dawn E. Wallace, Ted Kuraparthy, Vasu TI Components of hybrid vigor in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and their relationship with environment SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Breeding; Heterosis; Lint yield; Yield components ID YIELD COMPONENTS; LINT YIELD; INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES; BOLL RETENTION; LEAF-AREA; HETEROSIS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TEMPERATURE; STRESS; MAIZE AB Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrids display commercially useful levels of heterosis for lint yield. Cotton lint yield is primarily a multiplicative product of boll number and lint per boll, both of which can be further dissected into sub-components. Relationships among the yield components are complex where they further interact with the environment. To identify different yield components of hybrid cotton lint yield and their relationship with environment, three cotton varieties, DP51, STV474 and LA887 and, their respective hybrids were evaluated for lint yield components across five environments. Heterosis was observed for lint yield as well as yield components. The relationship between heterosis and mean environmental yield was negative for two hybrid combinations, whereas one hybrid showed increased heterosis from low to high yielding environments. Boll number was the major yield component contributing to lint yield. However, yield components contributing to the change in heterosis from low to high yielding environments were different for the three hybrids. The change in lint yield heterosis across environments was correlated with lint per boll and lint per seed for DP51 x STV474 and LA887 x DP51. Whereas, bolls number and boll retention were the main yield components contributing to higher lint yield heterosis of STV474 x LA887 in low yielding environments. Results also reveal effects of parental entries on lint yield as well as relationship of heterosis and environment. C1 [Tyagi, Priyanka; Edmisten, Keith; Kuraparthy, Vasu] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bowman, Daryl T.] North Carolina Fdn Seed Producers Inc, Zebulon, NC 27597 USA. [Bourland, Fred M.] Univ Arkansas, Northeast Res & Extens Ctr, Keiser, AR 72351 USA. [Campbell, B. Todd] USDA ARS, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Fraser, Dawn E.] Monsanto Co, Hartsville, SC 29550 USA. [Wallace, Ted] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Kuraparthy, V (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM vasu_kuraparthy@ncsu.edu OI Bowman, Daryl T./0000-0001-6623-4035 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2014 VL 195 IS 1 BP 117 EP 127 DI 10.1007/s10681-013-0987-y PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 264PP UT WOS:000327892000009 ER PT J AU Gordon, VS Staub, JE AF Gordon, Vanessa S. Staub, Jack E. TI Backcross introgression of plastomic factors controlling chilling tolerance into elite cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) germplasm: early generation recovery of recurrent parent phenotype SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Environmental stress; Abiotic tolerance; Molecular markers; Breeding; Cucurbits; Germplasm enhancement ID MELO L.; COMBINING ABILITY; GENETIC-VARIATION; SSR MARKERS; LINE METHOD; RESISTANCE; GENOME; INJURY; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE AB Environmental stresses such as chilling temperatures can decrease germination, emergence, flower and fruit development, marketable yield, and postharvest fruit storage longevity in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). While response to chilling injury in cucumber is controlled by simple plastidic (maternal) and nuclear (paternal) factors, no chilling tolerant U.S. processing varieties are commercially available. Furthermore, even though three single nucleotide polymorphic sites have been identified as plastid components associated with chilling tolerance in cucumber, it is not known how these factors interact with nuclear factors controlling economically important traits. Therefore, an experiment was designed to evaluate the rate of recovery of the chilling susceptible (cytoplasm) genotype during introgression backcrossing (IB), where it was used as a recurrent parent after the initial mating to a line possessing chilling tolerant cytoplasm (donor parent). Phenotypic yield and quality trait data were collected on processing type backcross progeny (BC1-5 and BC2S3) derived from an initial 'Chipper' (tolerant) x line M 29 (susceptible) mating, and rate of progression to the recurrent parent was determined by simple sequence repeat marker and morphological trait analyses. Substantial degrees of the recurrent parent phenotype and nuclear genome were recovered by the BC2 generation (P = 0.001), with nearly complete recovery of recurrent parental traits and its nuclear genome occurring by the BC3. General combining ability (GCA) of derived BC2S3 lines was significant for yield, yield/plant, length (L), diameter (D), and L:D ratios. The BC2S3 line GCA and rate of progression towards the recurrent parent for economically important traits suggests that elite chilling tolerant cucumber germplasm can be developed rapidly through IB and marker genotyping. C1 [Gordon, Vanessa S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Staub, Jack E.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable Crops Unit, Madison, WI USA. RP Staub, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, 696 N 1100 E, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM jack.staub@ars.usda.gov OI Gordon, Vanessa S/0000-0001-6490-6985 NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2014 VL 195 IS 2 BP 217 EP 234 DI 10.1007/s10681-013-0989-9 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 264PU UT WOS:000327892600006 ER PT J AU Wei, L Marshall, JD Link, TE Kavanagh, KL Du, EH Pangle, RE Gag, PJ Ubierna, N AF Wei, Liang Marshall, John D. Link, Timothy E. Kavanagh, Kathleen L. Du, Enhao Pangle, Robert E. Gag, Peter J. Ubierna, Nerea TI Constraining 3-PG with a new delta C-13 submodel: a test using the delta C-13 of tree rings SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE grand fir; litterfall; model tuning; quantum yield; radiation-use efficiency; sap flux; stable carbon isotope ratio ID CARBON-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATION; GROWTH DOUGLAS-FIR; LEAF-AREA INDEX; OF-THE-ART; FOREST GROWTH; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; ORGANIC-MATTER; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS AB A semi-mechanistic forest growth model, 3-PG (Physiological Principles Predicting Growth), was extended to calculate C-13 in tree rings. The C-13 estimates were based on the model's existing description of carbon assimilation and canopy conductance. The model was tested in two approximate to 80-year-old natural stands of Abies grandis (grand fir) in northern Idaho. We used as many independent measurements as possible to parameterize the model. Measured parameters included quantum yield, specific leaf area, soil water content and litterfall rate. Predictions were compared with measurements of transpiration by sap flux, stem biomass, tree diameter growth, leaf area index and C-13. Sensitivity analysis showed that the model's predictions of C-13 were sensitive to key parameters controlling carbon assimilation and canopy conductance, which would have allowed it to fail had the model been parameterized or programmed incorrectly. Instead, the simulated C-13 of tree rings was no different from measurements (P>0.05). The C-13 submodel provides a convenient means of constraining parameter space and avoiding model artefacts. This C-13 test may be applied to any forest growth model that includes realistic simulations of carbon assimilation and transpiration. C1 [Wei, Liang; Marshall, John D.; Link, Timothy E.; Kavanagh, Kathleen L.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Marshall, John D.] Swedish Agr Univ, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Du, Enhao] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Climate Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pangle, Robert E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Gag, Peter J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Reading, CA 96002 USA. [Ubierna, Nerea] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Wei, L (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM liangwei@vandals.uidaho.edu RI Wei, Liang/K-3522-2015 OI Wei, Liang/0000-0001-8967-5036 FU National Science Foundation EPSCoR - Research Infrastructure Improvement Grant [EPS - 0447689]; USDA-CSREES NRI grants [2003-35102-13675, 2006-35102-17689]; USFS [03-JV-11222065-068, 04-D6-11010000-037] FX Potlatch Corporation allowed this research to be conducted at MCEW. This work was funded in part by the National Science Foundation EPSCoR - Research Infrastructure Improvement Grant (EPS - 0447689), USDA-CSREES NRI grants (2003-35102-13675 and 2006-35102-17689) and USFS Research Joint Venture Agreements (#03-JV-11222065-068 and #04-D6-11010000-037). Special thanks to tree climber, Greg Sarff, laboratory assistant, Allen Tedrow, and laboratory managers of Idaho Stable Isotopes Lab, Margaret Ward (current) and Benjamin Miller (former). L. W. thanks John Byrne for loaning the Relaskop; Hang Zhou for programming and data analysing; and Richard Waring, Joe Landsberg, Nicholas Crookston, Aaron Weiskittel, Todd Dawson, Genxuan Wang, Terry Cundy, Nate McDowell and Jianwei Zhang for their comments on this study. J.D.M. thanks Sune Linder, Peter Hogberg and Torgny Nasholm at SLU, Umea, Sweden, for time to work on this manuscript. We warmly thank our voluntary assistants for the field work: Nan Shi, Fangxin Lin, Sisi Yan, Yanyin Xu, Jiayi Chen, Pei Liu, Hui Che, Xiao Hu, Wai Kee Liew, Jie Jiao, Ruoxi Wu, Wen Zhou, Zhongxiao Li, Chihan Wang, Shuping Li, Jia Wan, Fan Yang and Xiyang Zhao. NR 76 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 37 IS 1 BP 82 EP 100 DI 10.1111/pce.12133 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 261AN UT WOS:000327636100008 PM 23663114 ER PT J AU Atwood, SE O'Rourke, JA Peiffer, GA Yin, TF Majumder, M Zhang, CQ Cianzio, SR Hill, JH Cook, D Whitham, SA Shoemaker, RC Graham, MA AF Atwood, Sarah E. O'Rourke, Jamie A. Peiffer, Gregory A. Yin, Tengfei Majumder, Mahbubul Zhang, Chunquan Cianzio, Silvia R. Hill, John H. Cook, Dianne Whitham, Steven A. Shoemaker, Randy C. Graham, Michelle A. TI Replication protein A subunit 3 and the iron efficiency response in soybean SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE iron; virus induced gene silencing ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; PHOTO-CHEMICAL CAPACITY; DEFICIENCY CHLOROSIS; DNA-REPLICATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; HIGHER-PLANTS; RNA-SEQ; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LIMITING FACTORS; CANDIDATE GENES AB In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], iron deficiency results in interveinal chlorosis and decreased photosynthetic capacity, leading to stunting and yield loss. In this study, gene expression analyses investigated the role of soybean replication protein A (RPA) subunits during iron stress. Nine RPA homologs were significantly differentially expressed in response to iron stress in the near isogenic lines (NILs) Clark (iron efficient) and Isoclark (iron inefficient). RPA homologs exhibited opposing expression patterns in the two NILs, with RPA expression significantly repressed during iron deficiency in Clark but induced in Isoclark. We used virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) to repress GmRPA3 expression in the iron inefficient line Isoclark and mirror expression in Clark. GmRPA3-silenced plants had improved IDC symptoms and chlorophyll content under iron deficient conditions and also displayed stunted growth regardless of iron availability. RNA-Seq comparing gene expression between GmRPA3-silenced and empty vector plants revealed massive transcriptional reprogramming with differential expression of genes associated with defense, immunity, aging, death, protein modification, protein synthesis, photosynthesis and iron uptake and transport genes. Our findings suggest the iron efficient genotype Clark is able to induce energy controlling pathways, possibly regulated by SnRK1/TOR, to promote nutrient recycling and stress responses in iron deficient conditions. C1 [Atwood, Sarah E.; Peiffer, Gregory A.] Iowa State Univ, Interdept Genet Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [O'Rourke, Jamie A.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Yin, Tengfei; Majumder, Mahbubul; Cook, Dianne] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhang, Chunquan; Hill, John H.; Whitham, Steven A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cianzio, Silvia R.; Shoemaker, Randy C.; Graham, Michelle A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shoemaker, Randy C.; Graham, Michelle A.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Graham, MA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM michelle.graham@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board; North Central Soybean Research Program; Iowa Soybean Association; NSF Plant Genome Research Program [0820642]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX We would like to thank David Grant and Carroll Vance for their helpful discussions and insights. The authors are grateful for the financial support from the United Soybean Board, North Central Soybean Research Program, the Iowa Soybean Association, the NSF Plant Genome Research Program (award number 0820642) and the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 105 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 37 IS 1 BP 213 EP 234 DI 10.1111/pce.12147 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 261AN UT WOS:000327636100019 PM 23742135 ER PT J AU Syamaladevi, RM Lupien, SL Bhunia, K Sablani, SS Dugan, F Rasco, B Killinger, K Dhingra, A Ross, C AF Syamaladevi, Roopesh M. Lupien, Shari L. Bhunia, Kanishka Sablani, Shyam S. Dugan, Frank Rasco, Barbara Killinger, Karen Dhingra, Amit Ross, Carolyn TI UV-C light inactivation kinetics of Penicillium expansum on pear surfaces: Influence on physicochemical and sensory quality during storage SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Color; Flavor; Soluble solids; Surface disinfection; Texture ID ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATION; CHILLING INJURY; FRUIT; MUSHROOMS; DECONTAMINATION; DISINFECTION; PARAMETERS; RESISTANCE; RADIATION; SPOILAGE AB UV-C inactivation kinetic data of Penicillium expansum on intact and wounded pear disks were determined. P. expansum conidia (0.5 mL, 1.6 x 10(7) CFU/mL) were spot inoculated onto intact and wounded pear tissue with skin (excised disks), treated with UV-C doses ranging 0.101-3.06 kJ/m(2) at 23 degrees C and surviving conidia were enumerated. Changes in selected physicochemical parameters and sensory quality following UV-C treatment of whole pears were determined immediately after treatment, and 4 and 8 weeks of storage at 4 degrees C. A greater UV-C intensity was required for similar inactivation levels of P. expansum populations on wounded pear disks (3.1 kJ/m(2) for 2.7 log reduction) compared to intact pear disks (1.7 kJ/m(2) for 2.8 log reduction). No significant difference in % weight loss, or soluble solids content and texture was observed between UV-C treated and untreated pears. However, browning was observed on UV-C treated pear surfaces after 4 and 8 weeks along with changes in flavor and texture. An increase in consumer preference was noticed for the untreated control pears after 4 weeks storage. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Syamaladevi, Roopesh M.; Bhunia, Kanishka; Sablani, Shyam S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lupien, Shari L.; Dugan, Frank] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rasco, Barbara; Killinger, Karen; Ross, Carolyn] Washington State Univ, Sch Food Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dhingra, Amit] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sablani, SS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, POB 646120, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM ssablani@wsu.edu RI Dhingra, Amit/E-7369-2010 FU Pear Bureau Northwest FX This research work was funded, in part, with a Grant from Pear Bureau Northwest. The authors thank Chang-Lin Xiao, USDA-ARS, for use of isolate of Penicillium expansum CLX1499. The authors would like to thank Ms. Beata Vixie (Scientific Assistant) for the technical assistance in sensory evaluation. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 87 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.08.005 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 263TF UT WOS:000327830200005 ER PT J AU Kou, LP Yang, TB Luo, YG Liu, XJ Huang, LH Codling, E AF Kou, Liping Yang, Tianbao Luo, Yaguang Liu, Xianjin Huang, Luhong Codling, Eton TI Pre-harvest calcium application increases biomass and delays senescence of broccoli microgreens SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fresh-cut; Modified atmosphere packaging; Postharvest quality; Shelf life; Antioxidant enzyme; Senescence associated gene ID ARABIDOPSIS LEAF SENESCENCE; AUXIN-INDUCED ELONGATION; SHELF-LIFE; POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY; SIGNAL NETWORK; TOMATO FRUIT; QUALITY; SYSTEM; LEAVES; PLANTS AB Microgreen consumption has been steadily increasing in recent years due to consumer awareness of their unique color, rich flavor, and concentrated bioactive compounds. However, industrial production and marketing is limited by their short shelf-life associated with rapid deterioration in product quality. This study investigated the effect of pre-harvest calcium application on the post-harvest quality and shelf-life of broccoli microgreens. Broccoli microgreen seedlings were sprayed daily with calcium chloride at concentrations of 1, 10 and 20 mM, or water (control) for 10 days. The fresh-cut microgreens were packaged in sealed polyethylene film bags. Package headspace atmospheric conditions, overall visual quality and tissue membrane integrity were evaluated on days 0, 7, 14, and 21, during 5 degrees C storage. Results indicated that the 10 mM calcium chloride treatment increased the biomass by more than 50%, and tripled the calcium content as compared to the water-treated controls. Microgreens treated with 10 mM calcium chloride spray exhibited higher superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, lower tissue electrolyte leakage, improved overall visual quality, and reduced microbial growth during storage. Furthermore, calcium treatment significantly affected expression of the senescence-associated genes BoSAG12, BoGPX6, BoCAT3 and BoSAG12. These results provide important information for commercial growers to enhance productivity and improve postharvest quality and shelf-life, potentially enabling a broadening of the retail marketing of broccoli microgreens. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kou, Liping] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Kou, Liping; Yang, Tianbao; Luo, Yaguang; Liu, Xianjin; Huang, Luhong] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Xianjin] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Safety, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Huang, Luhong] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Agr Prod Proc Inst, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Codling, Eton] ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yang, TB (reprint author), ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tianbao.yang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS project [1245-43440-004-00D, 1245-43000-012-00D] FX The authors would like to thank Ernie Paroczay for assistance in planting the microgreens and Ellen Turner for critical reading of the manuscript. Use of a company or product name by the U.S. Department of Agriculture does not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. This research was funded by USDA-ARS project nos. 1245-43440-004-00D and 1245-43000-012-00D. NR 56 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 87 BP 70 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.08.004 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 263TF UT WOS:000327830200010 ER PT J AU Moscetti, R Haff, RP Saranwong, S Monarca, D Cecchini, M Massantini, R AF Moscetti, Roberto Haff, Ron P. Saranwong, Sirinnapa Monarca, Danilo Cecchini, Massimo Massantini, Riccardo TI Nondestructive detection of insect infested chestnuts based on NIR spectroscopy SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Castanea sativa; Insect damage; Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter-Near Infrared spectroscopy; Linear discriminant analysis; Wavelengths selection ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; WHEAT KERNELS; INFESTATION; QUALITY; TRANSMITTANCE; RESONANCE; SOUND; SEEDS AB Insect feeding is a significant postharvest problem for processors of chestnuts (Castanea sativa, Miller). In most cases, damage from insects is 'hidden', i.e. not visually detectable on the fruit surface. Consequently, traditional sorting techniques, including manual sorting, are generally inadequate for the detection and removal of chestnuts with hidden damage. For the most part, the only method currently used by processors is a flotation system, in which chestnuts are placed in salt water and those that float are discarded. Flotation is unreliable, and a more effective method for detection of insect damage would benefit industry and consumers alike. In this study, the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy to detect hidden insect damage is demonstrated. Using a genetic algorithm for feature selection (from 2 to 6 wavelengths) in combination with a linear discriminant analysis routine, classification error rates as low as 16.81% false negative, 0.00% false positive, and 8.41% total error were achieved, with an AUC value of 0.952 and an Wilk's lambda of 0.403 (P < 0.001). A Savitzky-Golay first derivative spectral pretreatment with 13 smoothing points was used. The optimal features corresponded to Abs [1582 nm], Abs [1900 nm], and Abs [1964 nm]. These results represent an average of 55.3% improvement over a traditional flotation sorting system. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Moscetti, Roberto; Monarca, Danilo; Cecchini, Massimo] Univ Tuscia, Dept Sci & Technol Agr Forest Nat & Energy, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Haff, Ron P.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Saranwong, Sirinnapa] Natl Agr & Food Res Org, Natl Food Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. [Massantini, Riccardo] Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agrofood & Forest Syst, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. RP Massantini, R (reprint author), Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agrofood & Forest Syst, Via S Camillo de Lellis Snc, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. EM massanti@unitus.it RI Cecchini, Massimo/F-3411-2012; Monarca, Danilo/B-8010-2016 OI Cecchini, Massimo/0000-0003-1407-8127; Moscetti, Roberto/0000-0002-2034-8536; Massantini, Riccardo/0000-0001-6517-3162; Monarca, Danilo/0000-0002-8980-3744 NR 41 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 87 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.08.010 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 263TF UT WOS:000327830200012 ER PT J AU Manor, ML Weber, GM Cleveland, BM Kenney, PB AF Manor, Meghan L. Weber, Gregory M. Cleveland, Beth M. Kenney, P. Brett TI Effects of feeding level and sexual maturation on fatty acid composition of energy stores in diploid and triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Triploid; Salmonid; Spawning; Growth; Proximate analysis; Fatty acid ID PROXIMATE COMPOSITION; GROWTH DYNAMICS; DIFFERENT DIETS; POLYPLOID FISH; MUSCLE; QUALITY; PERFORMANCE; RATION; LIPIDS; LIVER AB Sexual maturation is an energy demanding, physiological process that alters growth efficiency and compromises muscle quality in many food-fish species. Lipid mobilization supplies energy required for this process. To study the effect of ration level on fatty acid composition, diploid (2N) rainbow trout, approaching ovulation, were fed at 0.25 and 0.50% of tank biomass/day and to apparent satiation (similar to 0.75% of tank biomass/day). In addition, triploid (3N) female trout, which exhibit only minimal ovarian development, were fed at 0.50% of tank biomass/day. The primary objective of this study was to determine effects of ration level on fatty acid composition in different lipid compartments (muscle, visceral adipose tissue, liver, and gonad) during sexual maturation. Lower feeding levels produced smaller fish, but did not affect the onset of sexual maturation. Higher feeding levels resulted in fish muscle with higher relative amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), but monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were not affected by ration level. While ration level affected the fatty acid profile of each of the four tissues analyzed, the number of fatty acids affected was greatest in white muscle. An additional objective was to determine differences in the fatty acid composition of energy stores during maturation in female rainbow trout that were fed at a moderately restricted feeding level (0.50% of tank biomass/day). These differences were determined by comparing mature 2N to sterile 3N females of the same age. Diploid muscle contained higher amounts of PUFAs (44.4 +/- 1.0%) than 3N muscle (39.7 +/- 0.8%). Saturated fatty acids were in the highest concentrations in muscle and visceral adipose tissue, and 2N liver contained more PUFAs and fewer MUFAs than 3N liver; however these values are relative values. In general, fatty acids affected by ration level were not the same as fatty acids affected by ploidy. Triploid fatty acid profiles did not mimic those of the satiation fed group; which was expected if 3N fish were simply consuming excess energy. Both 2N and 3N muscle fatty acid profiles were similar to that of the diet, except muscle had lower amounts of PUFA precursors (18:3n-3 and 20:5n-3) and higher relative amounts of their product (22:6n-3). Also, 2N muscle had higher 16: 1 and 3N muscle had higher 16: 0 compared to the diet. It is unclear if these differences are hormonally driven or if there are other physiological dissimilarities between 2N and 3N trout causing these differences. Overall, our data suggest that 2N and 3N fatty acid metabolism is regulated differently. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Manor, Meghan L.; Kenney, P. Brett] W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Davis Coll Agr Nat Resources & Design, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Weber, Gregory M.; Cleveland, Beth M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Kenney, PB (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Davis Coll Agr Nat Resources & Design, POB 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM bkenney@wvu.edu FU USDA/CSREES National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program [2007-35205-17914]; USDA/ARS CRIS Project [1930-31000-010-000D]; USDA-ARS [58-1930-5-537] FX This study was funded by USDA/CSREES#2007-35205-17914 National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program and supported by USDA/ARS CRIS Project 1930-31000-010-000D and USDA-ARS Cooperative Agreement No. 58-1930-5-537. It is published with the approval of the West Virginia University Director of the Agricultural Station as scientific paper nr 3194. We would like to thank NCCCWA staff members Mark Hostuttler for producing the triploids, Jill Birkett and Lisa Radler for their technical assistance in the laboratory aspects of this study, and Josh Kretzer, Jenea McGowan, Kyle Jenkins, and Kevin Melody for their assistance with animal care. We would also like to thank West Virginia University staff, Susan Slider, Johnni-Ann Sims, and Jeremy Everson for their technical support of this study. Mention of trade names of commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 418 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.09.023 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 252BC UT WOS:000326978300003 ER PT J AU Evenhuis, JP LaPatra, SE Marancik, D AF Evenhuis, Jason P. LaPatra, Scott E. Marancik, David TI Early life stage rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) mortalities due to Flavobacterium columnare in Idaho, USA SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Yersinia ruckeri; Genomovar; 16S rRNA; Bacterial challenge ID FLEXIBACTER-COLUMNARIS; YERSINIA-RUCKERI; GENE-EXPRESSION; FISH PATHOGEN; CHALLENGE; WALBAUM; VACCINATION; GENOMOVARS; INFECTION; SEQUENCE AB Flavobacterium columnare is the etiologic agent of columnaris disease, a pervasive disease of fresh water finfish. During the past 4 years, losses that ranged from 5 to 50% in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry being reared at a constant 14.5 degrees C (mean weight, 0.2 g; similar to 400 degrees days post-fertilization), have been occurring in Hagerman Valley, Idaho, USA. A total of 70 different F. columnare isolates were obtained from diseased fish and the water they were reared in. All of the isolates were confirmed to be genomovar I by 16S rRNA restriction fragment length polymorphism. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA, 16S-23S rDNA spacer region and the gyrase B subunit genes from these 70 strains revealed no sequence differences among these isolates. Whole-cell protein profiling by SDS-PAGE also indicated low variation between isolates. Virulence was assessed for a representative isolate and demonstrated a high degree of pathogenicity against rainbow trout fry at 15 degrees C. These results suggest the emergence of a highly successful F. columnare strain that can affect very early life stages of fish being reared at a constant 14.5 degrees C at a commercial rainbow trout farm in Idaho. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Evenhuis, Jason P.; Marancik, David] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [LaPatra, Scott E.] Clear Springs Foods Inc, Div Res, Buhl, ID 83316 USA. RP Evenhuis, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM jason.evenhuis@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 418 BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.09.044 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 252BC UT WOS:000326978300018 ER PT S AU Miernyk, JA AF Miernyk, Jan A. BE JorrinNovo, JV Komatsu, S Weckwerth, W Wienkoop, S TI Seed Proteomics SO PLANT PROTEOMICS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS, 2ND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Seed proteomic; Seeds; Seed storage proteins ID PROTEIN POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; PEPTIDE LIGAND LIBRARIES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STORAGE PROTEINS; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; REVEALS DIFFERENCES; SOYBEAN GENOTYPES; MAIZE ENDOSPERM; GLYCINE-MAX AB Rather than providing a single specific protocol, the inclusive area of seed proteomics is reviewed; methods are described and compared and primary literature citations are provided. The limitations and challenges of proteomics as an approach to study seed biology are emphasized. The proteomic analysis of seeds encounters some specific problems that do not impinge on analyses of other plant cells, tissues, or organs. There are anatomic considerations. Seeds comprise the seed coat, the storage organ(s), and the embryonic axis. Are these to be studied individually or as a composite? The physiological status of the seeds must be considered; developing, mature, or germinating? If mature, are they quiescent or dormant? If mature and quiescent, then orthodox or recalcitrant? The genetic uniformity of the population of seeds being compared must be considered. Finally, seeds are protein-rich and the extreme abundance of the storage proteins results in a study-subject with a dynamic range that spans several orders of magnitude. This represents a problem that must be dealt with if the study involves analysis of proteins that are of "normal" to low abundance. Several different methods of prefractionation are described and the results compared. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, USDA, ARS,Plant Genet Res Unit,Interdisciplinary Plant, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Miernyk, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, USDA, ARS,Plant Genet Res Unit,Interdisciplinary Plant, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 91 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-62703-631-3; 978-1-62703-630-6 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1072 BP 361 EP 377 DI 10.1007/978-1-62703-631-3_26 D2 10.1007/978-1-62703-631-3 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BHR79 UT WOS:000326508000027 PM 24136535 ER PT J AU Shen, X Sun, XH Xie, QC Liu, HQ Zhao, Y Pan, YJ Hwang, CA Wu, VCH AF Shen, Xiao Sun, Xiaohong Xie, Qingchao Liu, Haiquan Zhao, Yong Pan, Yingjie Hwang, Cheng-An Wu, Vivian C. H. TI Antimicrobial effect of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) extracts against the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Enteritidis SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Blueberry; Antimicrobial activity; Phenolic; Listeria; Salmonella ID IN-VITRO; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE; COMPONENTS; CRANBERRY; BERRIES; FRUITS; ANTHOCYANINS AB This study examined the antimicrobial effect of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) extracts obtained from four cultivars (Elliott, Darrow, Bluecrop, and Duke) on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Enteritidis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts against L. monocytogenes and S. Enteritidis in tryptic soy broth were determined. Concentrations of total phenolic compounds and four individual phenolic (chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin, and quercetin-3-galactoside) in the extracts were determined using FolinCiocalteau method and HPLC analysis, respectively. All four extracts at 112.5-900 mg/mL exhibited a dose-dependent growth-inhibitory effect against L monocytogenes and S. Enteritidis. L monocytogenes was significantly more sensitive to the antimicrobial effect of the extracts than S. Enteritidis. Phenolic compounds in the extracts such as chlorogenic acid, quercetin, ellagic acid, and quercetin-3-galactoside were the active antimicrobial compounds in the blueberry extracts. The results of this study suggest that blueberry extract or extract-derived components may be used to control pathogenic microorganisms. More studies on the use of blueberry as a natural antimicrobial in food products are warranted. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shen, Xiao; Sun, Xiaohong; Xie, Qingchao; Liu, Haiquan; Zhao, Yong; Pan, Yingjie] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China. [Hwang, Cheng-An] ARS, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Wu, Vivian C. H.] Univ Maine, Sch Food & Agriclture, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Wu, VCH (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Food & Agriclture, 5735 Hitchner Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM vivian.wu@umit.maine.edu FU Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station at the University of Maine; College of Food Science and Technology of Shanghai Ocean University; Hatch Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [ME08562-10] FX This research was supported by the Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station at the University of Maine with external publication number 3330 and the College of Food Science and Technology of Shanghai Ocean University. This work is based upon research supported in part by Hatch Grant number ME08562-10 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The authors would like to thank Dr. Juping He at Shanghai Ocean University for her assistance of the work. The authors thank Kelly Ilseman at the University of Maine for assistance with editing. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD JAN PY 2014 VL 35 IS 1 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.06.040 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 241ZS UT WOS:000326207800025 ER PT J AU Williams, MS Ebel, ED Golden, NJ Schlosser, WD AF Williams, Michael S. Ebel, Eric D. Golden, Neal J. Schlosser, Wayne D. TI Temporal patterns in the occurrence of Salmonella in raw meat and poultry products and their relationship to human illnesses in the United States SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Foodborne pathogens; Risk mitigation; Surveillance; PR/HACCP ID FOODBORNE ILLNESSES; EXPERT ELICITATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SEASONALITY; ATTRIBUTION; CONTAMINATION; SURVEILLANCE; FOODS; BEEF AB The prevalence and level of microbial pathogens on various commodities often exhibit seasonal patterns. As a consequence, the incidence of foodborne illness tends to follow these trends. Of the various product classes, the occurrence of microbial contamination can be high on raw meat and poultry products, with Salmonella potentially occurring in all meat and poultry product classes. Since 1999, the Food Safety and Inspection Service in the United States has collected samples of meat and poultry products and analyzed them for the presence of Salmonella. This study uses a common modeling approach to estimate the seasonal change in the proportion of test-positive samples for seven classes of raw meat and poultry products. The results generally support the hypothesis of a seasonal increase of Salmonella during the summer months. The proportions of test-positive samples decrease rapidly in the late fall for all product classes except chicken and ground turkey, which remain somewhat elevated through late winter. A comparison of the pathogens' seasonal pattern in meat and poultry with human cases reveals that the seasonal increase in human cases precedes the seasonal increase in meat and poultry by between one and three months. These results suggest that while contaminated meat and poultry products may be responsible for a substantial number of human cases, they are not necessarily the primary driver of the seasonal pattern in human salmonellosis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Williams, Michael S.; Ebel, Eric D.; Golden, Neal J.; Schlosser, Wayne D.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Williams, MS (reprint author), US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, 2150 D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mike.williams@fsis.usda.gov NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD JAN PY 2014 VL 35 IS 1 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.07.016 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 241ZS UT WOS:000326207800040 ER PT J AU Moser, BR AF Moser, Bryan R. TI Impact of fatty ester composition on low temperature properties of biodiesel-petroleum diesel blends SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Blend; Cold flow properties; Diesel; Fatty acid methyl esters ID FUEL PROPERTIES; METHYL-ESTERS; OIL; ACID; FEEDSTOCKS AB Several biodiesel fuels along with neat fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) commonly encountered in biodiesel were blended with ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel at blend levels permitted by ASTM D975 (B1-B5) and cold flow properties such as cloud point (CP), cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and pour point (PP) were measured. The objective was to determine whether or not the fatty acid composition of biodiesel affects cold flow properties of blends at levels such as B1 to B5. Statistical methods such as least squares regression and one-way analysis of variance coupled with Tukey's Studentized Range test were applied to the resulting cold flow property data. Statistical analysis revealed that fatty acid profile did not affect cold flow properties at low blend levels unless the biodiesel sample contained a high percentage (>48%) of long-chain saturated FAMEs. Other important conclusions were that variances in cold flow property data at low blend levels (B1 to B2) were minimal and generally statistically equivalent regardless of fatty acid composition. Lastly, application of least-squares statistical regression to CP, CFPP and PP data revealed distinct mathematical relationships between cold flow properties and blend ratio. Specifically, CP was best fit to an exponential decay model whereas PP exhibited linearity and CFPP provided the highest R-2 values when fitted to polynomial equations. In summary, this study demonstrated that in most cases feedstock selection for biodiesel fuel had minimal impact on cold flow properties at the blend levels permitted by ASTM D975, the US standard specification for diesel fuel oils. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moser, Bryan R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Moser, Bryan R.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Moser, BR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Bryan.Moser@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 EI 1873-7153 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD JAN PY 2014 VL 115 BP 500 EP 506 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.07.075 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 234LY UT WOS:000325647000055 ER PT J AU Bingol, G Wang, B Zhang, A Pan, ZL McHugh, TH AF Bingol, Gokhan Wang, Bei Zhang, Ang Pan, Zhongli McHugh, Tara H. TI Comparison of water and infrared blanching methods for processing performance and final product quality of French fries SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Oil uptake; Energy; Infrared blanching; Water blanching; Color ID OIL UPTAKE; POTATO SLICES; TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; COLOR CHANGES; KINETICS; TEMPERATURES; DEHYDRATION; ABSORPTION; POROSITY AB The main objective of this work was to compare infrared blanching (IRE) with water blanching (WB) as a pretreatment method for producing lower calorie French fries. It was observed that complete inactivation of polyphenol oxidase enzyme for 9.43 mm potato strips could be achieved in 200 s and 16 min by using IRB and WB, respectively. Following the blanching, the samples were deep-fat par-fried at 174 degrees C for 1 min and were then deep-fat finish-fried at 146, 160, and 174 degrees C for 2, 3, 4 and 5 min. At all frying times and temperatures infrared blanched samples had less oil content than water blanched ones. The energy analysis of both blanching operations showed that energy expenditure-wise the operation cost for pretreating French fries with IRE would be head-to-head with WB. The final moisture contents of infrared and water blanched samples were between 40% and 50% after 5 min of finish-frying. The chromatic color components of infrared and water blanched samples were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by finish-frying time and temperature and the a* and b* values for infrared blanched samples developed faster than water blanched samples during deep-fat finish frying. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bingol, Gokhan; Pan, Zhongli; McHugh, Tara H.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Bingol, Gokhan] Univ Auckland, Fac Engn, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Wang, Bei] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Ang] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Enol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM zhongli.Pan@ars.usda.gov FU Washington State Potato Commission [5325-41000-063-05] FX The authors would like to thank the Washington State Potato Commission for its partial financial support (Project 5325-41000-063-05). The authors would like to acknowledge Processed Food Research Group, Western Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA for providing all the necessary means to carry out the experimental phase of this research. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 EI 1873-5770 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 121 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.08.001 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 238NO UT WOS:000325954900018 ER PT J AU de Luis, M Cufar, K Di Filippo, A Novak, K Papadopoulos, A Piovesan, G Rathgeber, CBK Raventos, J Saz, MA Smith, KT AF de Luis, Martin Cufar, Katarina Di Filippo, Alfredo Novak, Klemen Papadopoulos, Andreas Piovesan, Gianluca Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K. Raventos, Jose Angel Saz, Miguel Smith, Kevin T. TI Plasticity in Dendroclimatic Response across the Distribution Range of Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-GROWTH RELATIONSHIPS; TREE-RING WIDTHS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; GLOBAL CHANGE; CO2 INCREASE; MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; WOOD STRUCTURE; LARGE-SCALE; ABIES-ALBA AB We investigated the variability of the climate-growth relationship of Aleppo pine across its distribution range in the Mediterranean Basin. We constructed a network of tree-ring index chronologies from 63 sites across the region. Correlation function analysis identified the relationships of tree-ring index to climate factors for each site. We also estimated the dominant climatic gradients of the region using principal component analysis of monthly, seasonal, and annual mean temperature and total precipitation from 1,068 climatic gridpoints. Variation in ring width index was primarily related to precipitation and secondarily to temperature. However, we found that the dendroclimatic relationship depended on the position of the site along the climatic gradient. In the southern part of the distribution range, where temperature was generally higher and precipitation lower than the regional average, reduced growth was also associated with warm and dry conditions. In the northern part, where the average temperature was lower and the precipitation more abundant than the regional average, reduced growth was associated with cool conditions. Thus, our study highlights the substantial plasticity of Aleppo pine in response to different climatic conditions. These results do not resolve the source of response variability as being due to either genetic variation in provenance, to phenotypic plasticity, or a combination of factors. However, as current growth responses to inter-annual climate variability vary spatially across existing climate gradients, future climate-growth relationships will also likely be determined by differential adaptation and/or acclimation responses to spatial climatic variation. The contribution of local adaptation and/or phenotypic plasticity across populations to the persistence of species under global warming could be decisive for prediction of climate change impacts across populations. In this sense, a more complex forest dynamics modeling approach that includes the contribution of genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity can improve the reliability of the ecological inferences derived from the climate-growth relationships. C1 [de Luis, Martin; Novak, Klemen; Angel Saz, Miguel] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Geog & Ordenac Terr, Zaragoza, Spain. [de Luis, Martin; Novak, Klemen; Angel Saz, Miguel] Univ Zaragoza, Inst Invest Ciencias Ambientales IUCA, Zaragoza, Spain. [Cufar, Katarina] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Wood Sci & Technol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Di Filippo, Alfredo; Piovesan, Gianluca] Univ Tuscia, DendrologyLab DAFNE, Viterbo, Italy. [Papadopoulos, Andreas] Technol Educ Inst Lamia, Dept Forestry & Nat Environm Management, Karpenissi, Greece. [Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K.] Ctr INRA Nancy, Lab Etud Ressources Foret Bois LERFoB, Champenoux, France. [Raventos, Jose] Univ Alicante, Dept Ecol, San Vicente Del Raspeig, Spain. [Smith, Kevin T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NC USA. RP de Luis, M (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, Dept Geog & Ordenac Terr, Zaragoza, Spain. EM mdla@unizar.es RI de Luis, Martin/F-2559-2010; Piovesan, Gianluca/C-2720-2008; Rathgeber, Cyrille/A-6510-2009; Di Filippo, Alfredo/G-1794-2010; OI de Luis, Martin/0000-0002-7585-3636; Piovesan, Gianluca/0000-0002-3214-0839; Rathgeber, Cyrille/0000-0001-7359-8320; Di Filippo, Alfredo/0000-0001-5863-8339; Raventos, Jose/0000-0002-5693-510X FU Spanish Ministry of Education and Science; FEDER program [CGL2012-31668]; European Union; National Ministry of Education and Religion of Greece (EPEAEK- Environment - Archimedes); Slovenian Research Agency [P4-0015]; USDA Forest Service; COST Action [FP1106] FX This work was partially supported by Spanish Ministry of Education and Science co-funded by FEDER program (CGL2012-31668), the European Union and the National Ministry of Education and Religion of Greece (EPEAEK- Environment - Archimedes), the Slovenian Research Agency (program P4-0015), and the USDA Forest Service. The cooperation among international partners was supported by the COST Action FP1106, STREeSS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 98 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 56 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 31 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e83550 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083550 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 284NF UT WOS:000329325200083 PM 24391786 ER PT J AU Lustgarten, MS Price, LL Phillips, EM Fielding, RA AF Lustgarten, Michael S. Price, Lori Lyn Phillips, Edward M. Fielding, Roger A. TI Serum Glycine Is Associated with Regional Body Fat and Insulin Resistance in Functionally-Limited Older Adults SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT; AMINO-ACID-METABOLISM; INDUCED DIABETIC-RATS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; ABDOMINAL OBESITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GLUCOSE; PLASMA AB Background: Metabolic profiling may provide insight into biologic mechanisms related to age-related increases in regional adiposity and insulin resistance. Objectives: The objectives of the current study were to characterize the association between mid-thigh intermuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissue (IMAT, SCAT, respectively) and, abdominal adiposity with the serum metabolite profile, to identify significant metabolites as further associated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and, to develop a HOMA-IR associated metabolite predictor set representative of regional adiposity, in 73 functionally-limited (short physical performance battery <= 10; SPPB) older adults (age range, 70-85 y). Methods: Fasting levels of 181 total metabolites, including amino acids, fatty acids and acylcarnitines were measured with use of an untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression was used in all analyses. Results: Thirty-two, seven and one metabolite(s) were found to be associated with IMAT, abdominal adiposity and, SCAT, respectively, including the amino acid glycine, which was positively associated with SCAT and, negatively associated with both IMAT and abdominal adiposity. Glycine and four metabolites found to be significantly associated with regional adiposity were additionally associated with HOMA-IR. Separate stepwise regression models identified glycine as a HOMA-IR associated marker of both IMAT (model R-2 = 0.51, p < 0.0001) and abdominal adiposity (model R-2 = 0.41, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our findings for a positive association between glycine with SCAT but, a negative association between glycine with IMAT and abdominal adiposity supports the hypothesis that SCAT metabolic processes are different from that found in other fat depots. In addition, because of the significant associations found between glycine with HOMA-IR, IMAT, SCAT and abdominal adiposity, our results suggest glycine as a serum biomarker of both insulin sensitivity and regional fat mass in functionally-limited older adults. C1 [Lustgarten, Michael S.; Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Univ, Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Univ, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Roger.Fielding@tufts.edu FU Dairy Research Institute; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; DOD [W911SR06C0001]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work was supported by the Dairy Research Institute, the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679), DOD contract #W911SR06C0001 and in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 31 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e84034 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084034 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 284MV UT WOS:000329323900017 PM 24391874 ER PT J AU Umemura, M Koike, H Nagano, N Ishii, T Kawano, J Yamane, N Kozone, I Horimoto, K Shin-ya, K Asai, K Yu, JJ Bennett, JW Machida, M AF Umemura, Myco Koike, Hideaki Nagano, Nozomi Ishii, Tomoko Kawano, Jin Yamane, Noriko Kozone, Ikuko Horimoto, Katsuhisa Shin-ya, Kazuo Asai, Kiyoshi Yu, Jiujiang Bennett, Joan W. Machida, Masayuki TI MIDDAS-M: Motif-Independent De Novo Detection of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters through the Integration of Genome Sequencing and Transcriptome Data SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FALSE SMUT BALLS; ASPERGILLUS-ORYZAE; KOJIC ACID; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PROTEIN FAMILIES; RICE PANICLES; IDENTIFICATION; PERSPECTIVE; USTILOXIN; FUMIGATUS AB Many bioactive natural products are produced as "secondary metabolites" by plants, bacteria, and fungi. During the middle of the 20th century, several secondary metabolites from fungi revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry, for example, penicillin, lovastatin, and cyclosporine. They are generally biosynthesized by enzymes encoded by clusters of coordinately regulated genes, and several motif-based methods have been developed to detect secondary metabolite biosynthetic (SMB) gene clusters using the sequence information of typical SMB core genes such as polyketide synthases (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS). However, no detection method exists for SMB gene clusters that are functional and do not include core SMB genes at present. To advance the exploration of SMB gene clusters, especially those without known core genes, we developed MIDDAS-M, a motif-independent de novo detection algorithm for SMB gene clusters. We integrated virtual gene cluster generation in an annotated genome sequence with highly sensitive scoring of the cooperative transcriptional regulation of cluster member genes. MIDDAS-M accurately predicted 38 SMB gene clusters that have been experimentally confirmed and/or predicted by other motif-based methods in 3 fungal strains. MIDDAS-M further identified a new SMB gene cluster for ustiloxin B, which was experimentally validated. Sequence analysis of the cluster genes indicated a novel mechanism for peptide biosynthesis independent of NRPS. Because it is fully computational and independent of empirical knowledge about SMB core genes, MIDDAS-M allows a large-scale, comprehensive analysis of SMB gene clusters, including those with novel biosynthetic mechanisms that do not contain any functionally characterized genes. C1 [Umemura, Myco; Ishii, Tomoko; Kawano, Jin; Machida, Masayuki] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Bioprod Res Inst, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. [Koike, Hideaki; Yamane, Noriko] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Bioprod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Nagano, Nozomi; Asai, Kiyoshi] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Computat Biol Res Ctr, Koto Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Kozone, Ikuko; Shin-ya, Kazuo] Japan Biol Informat Consortium, Koto Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Horimoto, Katsuhisa] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Mol Profiling Res Ctr Drug Discovery, Koto Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Shin-ya, Kazuo] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Koto Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Yu, Jiujiang] USDA, Beltsville Agr Reg Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bennett, Joan W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Machida, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Bioprod Res Inst, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. EM m.machida@aist.go.jp RI Nagano, Nozomi/A-5717-2017 OI Nagano, Nozomi/0000-0002-2779-685X FU commission for Development of Artificial Gene Synthesis Technology for Creating Innovative Biomaterial from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan FX This work was partly supported by the commission for Development of Artificial Gene Synthesis Technology for Creating Innovative Biomaterial from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan (http://www.meti.go.jp/information/data/c120522aj.html). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding was received for this study. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 37 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 31 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e84028 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084028 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 284MV UT WOS:000329323900013 PM 24391870 ER PT J AU Bellaloui, N Turley, RB AF Bellaloui, Nacer Turley, Rickie B. TI Effects of fuzzless cottonseed phenotype on cottonseed nutrient composition in near isogenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) mutant lines under well-watered and water stress conditions SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Boron; seed composition; cotton mutants; isogenic cotton; drought ID SOYBEAN PRODUCTION SYSTEM; FOLIAR BORON APPLICATION; FIBER CELL ELONGATION; AZOMETHINE-H METHOD; RHAMNOGALACTURONAN II; SEED QUALITY; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; UPLAND COTTON; PLANTS; GENES AB There is no information available on the effect of fuzzless seed trait on cottonseed nutrient composition (minerals, N, S, protein, and oil) under drought stress. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of the fuzzless seed trait on cottonseed nutrients using five sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs). Each set consists of two lines that share the same genetic background, but differ in seed fuzziness (fuzzy, F; fuzzless, N). The near isogenic lines will enable us to compare the effect of the trait without confounding the genotypic background effects. We hypothesized that since the fuzzless trait involved in fiber initiation development, and was reported to be involved in biochemical, molecular, and genetic processes, this trait may also alter cottonseed nutrient composition. Results showed that NIL sets accumulated different levels of minerals in seeds and leaves, and the fuzzless trait (N) in most of the lines altered seed and leaf mineral accumulations when compared with fuzzy lines (F) or the control line. For example, K, R Mg, Cu, and Na concentrations in seeds were higher in MD N and STV N than in their equivalent MD F and STV F lines. Leaf concentrations of Ca, K, Mg, S, B, Cu, and Fe in MD N lines were higher than MD F line. Lower levels of nutrients in seeds and leaves were observed under water stress conditions, especially Ca, Mg, N, and B in seeds.Generally and with few exceptions, seed protein was higher in fuzzy lines than in fuzzless lines; however, seed oil was higher in fuzzless lines than in fuzzy lines. Our research demonstrated that fuzzless trait altered the composition and level of nutrients in seed and leaves in well watered and water stressed plants. Differences in protein and oil between fuzzy and fuzzless seeds may indicate alteration in nitrogen and carbon fixation and metabolism. The differential accumulation of seed nutrients in this germplasm could be used by cotton breeders to select for higher cottonseed quality. C1 [Bellaloui, Nacer; Turley, Rickie B.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bellaloui, N (reprint author), ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, 141 ExperimentStn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM nacer.bellaloui@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6402-21220-012-00D] FX We would like to thank Sandra Mosley for lab assistance. This research was funded by United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service project number 6402-21220-012-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 99 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD DEC 30 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 516 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00516 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB1EG UT WOS:000331533700001 PM 24416037 ER PT J AU Kudva, IT Stasko, JA AF Kudva, Indira T. Stasko, Judith A. TI Bison and bovine rectoanal junctions exhibit similar cellular architecture and Escherichia coli O157 adherence patterns SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE O157:H7; Bovine; Bison; Tissue; Epithelia; Markers; Adherence ID FOLLICLE-ASSOCIATED EPITHELIUM; UNITED-STATES; E-CADHERIN; PATHOGENS; CELLS; EXPRESSION; TISSUES; CYTOKERATINS; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE AB Background: Escherichia coli O157 (E. coli O157) has been isolated from bison retail meat, a fact that is important given that bison meat has been implicated in an E. coli O157-multistate outbreak. In addition, E. coli O157 has also been isolated from bison feces at slaughter and on farms. Cattle are well documented as E. coli O157 reservoirs, and the primary site of E. coli O157 persistence in such reservoirs is the rectoanal junction (RAJ), located at the distal end of the bovine gastrointestinal tract. Since bison and cattle share many genetic similarities manifested as common lineage, susceptibility to infection and the nature of immune responses to infectious agents, we decided to evaluate whether the RAJ of these animals were comparable both in terms of cellular architecture and as sites for adherence of E. coli O157. Specifically, we compared the histo-morphologies of the RAJ and evaluated the E. coli O157 adherence characteristics to the RAJ squamous epithelial (RSE) cells, from these two species. Results: We found that the RAJ of both bison and cattle demonstrated similar distribution of epithelial cell markers villin, vimentin, cytokeratin, E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Interestingly, N-cadherin predominated in the stratified squamous epithelium reflecting its proliferative nature. E. coli O157 strains 86-24 Sm-R and EDL 933 adhered to RSE cells from both animals with similar diffuse and aggregative patterns, respectively. Conclusion: Our observations further support the fact that bison are likely 'wildlife' reservoirs for E. coli O157, harboring these bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract. Our results also extend the utility of the RSE-cell assay, previously developed to elucidate E. coli O157-cattle RAJ interactions, to studies in bison, which are warranted to determine whether these observations in vitro correlate with those occurring in vivo at the RAJ within the bison gastrointestinal tract. C1 [Kudva, Indira T.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Stasko, Judith A.] ARS, Microscopy Serv Lab, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Kudva, IT (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Indira.Kudva@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD DEC 28 PY 2013 VL 9 AR 266 DI 10.1186/1746-6148-9-266 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 288SX UT WOS:000329633200001 PM 24373611 ER PT J AU Decaro, N Mari, V Lucente, MS Sciarretta, R Elia, G Ridpath, JF Buonavoglia, C AF Decaro, Nicola Mari, Viviana Lucente, Maria Stella Sciarretta, Rossana Elia, Gabriella Ridpath, Julia F. Buonavoglia, Canio TI Detection of a Hobi-like virus in archival samples suggests circulation of this emerging pestivirus species in Europe prior to 2007 SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hobi pestivirus; Italian strain; Archival samples; 2007 outbreak ID VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; ATYPICAL BOVINE PESTIVIRUSES; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; PCR ASSAY; INFECTION; CATTLE; DISEASE; CALVES; DIAGNOSIS AB The first reported incidence of Hobi-like viruses in Europe dates to a 2010 outbreak of respiratory disease in cattle in Italy. In this study, a Hobi-like virus was detected in archival samples, collected in 2007 in Italy from a cattle herd displaying respiratory disease, during the validation of a nested PCR protocol for rapid characterization of bovine pestiviruses. Phylogeny conducted with full-length pestivirus genomes and three informative genomic sequences, placed the strain detected in the samples, Italy-129/07, into the Hobi-like virus branch. Italy-129/07, similar to other Hobi-like viruses isolated in Italy, was more closely related to viruses of South American origin, than Hobi-like viruses of Southeast Asian origin. This suggests a possible introduction of this emerging group of pestiviruses into Italy as a consequence of using contaminated biological products such as fetal bovine serum originating in South America. This report of a Hobi-like virus associated with respiratory disease along with the full-genomic characterization of the virus detected provides new data that contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the epidemiology, pathobiology and genetic diversity of this emerging group of pestiviruses. Importantly, it dates the circulation of Hobi-like viruses in Italy to 2007, at least three years before previous reports. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Decaro, Nicola; Mari, Viviana; Lucente, Maria Stella; Sciarretta, Rossana; Elia, Gabriella; Buonavoglia, Canio] Univ Bari, Dept Vet Med, I-70010 Bari, Italy. [Ridpath, Julia F.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Decaro, N (reprint author), Univ Bari, Dept Vet Med, Str Casamassima Km 3, I-70010 Bari, Italy. EM nicola.decaro@uniba.it OI Decaro, Nicola/0000-0001-6348-7969 FU Italian Ministry of Health; Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research FX This work was supported by grants from the Italian Ministry of Health to ND (Ricerca corrente 2011, project "Epidemiologia del virus della diarrea virale bovina tipo 3 (BVDV-3) nel Sud Italia") and from the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research to CB (PRIN 2010-2011, project "Pestivirus dei ruminanti: virus emergenti, aspetti diagnostici e profilattici"). NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 EI 1873-2542 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD DEC 27 PY 2013 VL 167 IS 3-4 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.09.006 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 300UD UT WOS:000330488600009 PM 24095625 ER PT J AU Chen, CY Hofmann, CS Cottrell, BJ Strobaugh, TP Paoli, GC Nguyen, LH Yan, XH Uhlich, GA AF Chen, Chin-Yi Hofmann, Christopher S. Cottrell, Bryan J. Strobaugh, Terence P., Jr. Paoli, George C. Ly-Huong Nguyen Yan, Xianghe Uhlich, Gaylen A. TI Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Biofilm Forming Capabilities in Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IN-GROUND BEEF; CSGD PROMOTER; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; UNITED-STATES; FOOD; EXPRESSION; MOTILITY; O157-H7; BACTERIOPHAGES AB The biofilm life style helps bacteria resist oxidative stress, desiccation, antibiotic treatment, and starvation. Biofilm formation involves a complex regulatory gene network controlled by various environmental signals. It was previously shown that prophage insertions in mlrA and heterogeneous mutations in rpoS constituted major obstacles limiting biofilm formation and the expression of extracellular curli fibers in strains of Escherichia coli serotype O157: H7. The purpose of this study was to test strains from other important serotypes of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) (O26, O45, O103, O111, O113, O121, and O145) for similar regulatory restrictions. In a small but diverse collection of biofilm-forming and non-forming strains, mlrA prophage insertions were identified in only 4 of the 19 strains (serotypes O103, O113, and O145). Only the STEC O103 and O113 strains could be complemented by a trans-copy of mlrA to restore curli production and Congo red (CR) dye affinity. RpoS mutations were found in 5 strains (4 serotypes), each with low CR affinity, and the defects were moderately restored by a wild-type copy of rpoS in 2 of the 3 strains attempted. Fourteen strains in this study showed no or weak biofilm formation, of which 9 could be explained by prophage insertions or rpoS mutations. However, each of the remaining five biofilm-deficient strains, as well as the two O145 strains that could not be complemented by mlrA, showed complete or nearly complete lack of motility. This study indicates that mlrA prophage insertions and rpoS mutations do limit biofilm and curli expression in the non-serotype O157: H7 STEC but prophage insertions may not be as common as in serotype O157: H7 strains. The results also suggest that lack of motility provides a third major factor limiting biofilm formation in the non-O157: H7 STEC. Understanding biofilm regulatory mechanisms will prove beneficial in reducing pathogen survival and enhancing food safety. C1 [Chen, Chin-Yi; Hofmann, Christopher S.; Cottrell, Bryan J.; Strobaugh, Terence P., Jr.; Paoli, George C.; Ly-Huong Nguyen; Yan, Xianghe; Uhlich, Gaylen A.] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Chen, CY (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM chin-yi.chen@ars.usda.gov FU National Program 108 Food Safety Project of the United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS). FX This research was funded by the National Program 108 Food Safety Project of the United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 27 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e84863 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084863 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 281RE UT WOS:000329117900115 PM 24386426 ER PT J AU Hurlburt, BK Offermann, LR McBride, JK Majorek, KA Maleki, SJ Chruszcz, M AF Hurlburt, Barry K. Offermann, Lesa R. McBride, Jane K. Majorek, Karolina A. Maleki, Soheila J. Chruszcz, Maksymilian TI Structure and Function of the Peanut Panallergen Ara h 8 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Allergen; Antigen; Crystal Structure; Flavonoids; Fluorescence; Peanut ID BET V 1; BIRCH POLLEN ALLERGEN; PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEINS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CROSS-REACTIVITY; MAJOR ALLERGEN; RIBONUCLEASE-ACTIVITY; FOOD ALLERGENS; NUCLEIC-ACIDS AB The incidence of peanut allergy continues to rise in the United States and Europe. Whereas exposure to the major allergens Ara h 1, 2, 3, and 6 can cause fatal anaphylaxis, exposure to the minor allergens usually does not. Ara h 8 is a minor allergen. Importantly, it is the minor food allergens that are thought to be responsible for oral allergy syndrome (OAS), in which sensitization to airborne allergens causes a Type 2 allergic reaction to ingested foods. Furthermore, it is believed that similar protein structure rather than a similar linear sequence is the cause of OAS. Bet v 1 from birch pollen is a common sensitizing agent, and OAS results when patients consume certain fruits, vegetables, tree nuts, and peanuts. Here, we report the three-dimensional structure of Ara h 8, a Bet v 1 homolog. The overall fold is very similar to that of Bet v 1, Api g 1 (celery), Gly m 4 (soy), and Pru av 1 (cherry). Ara h 8 binds the isoflavones quercetin and apigenin as well as resveratrol avidly. C1 [Hurlburt, Barry K.; McBride, Jane K.; Maleki, Soheila J.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Offermann, Lesa R.; Chruszcz, Maksymilian] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Majorek, Karolina A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. RP Hurlburt, BK (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM barry.hurlburt@ars.usda.gov; chruszcz@mailbox.sc.edu OI Chruszcz, Maksymilian/0000-0001-7521-5485 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; University of South Carolina FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and internal funds from the University of South Carolina. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 27 PY 2013 VL 288 IS 52 BP 36890 EP 36901 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.517797 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 282RH UT WOS:000329189700012 PM 24253038 ER PT J AU Lager, I Yilmaz, JL Zhou, XR Jasieniecka, K Kazachkov, M Wang, P Zou, JT Weselake, R Smith, MA Bayon, S Dyer, JM Shockey, JM Heinz, E Green, A Banas, A Stymne, S AF Lager, Ida Yilmaz, Jenny Lindberg Zhou, Xue-Rong Jasieniecka, Katarzyna Kazachkov, Michael Wang, Peng Zou, Jitao Weselake, Randall Smith, Mark A. Bayon, Shen Dyer, John M. Shockey, Jay M. Heinz, Ernst Green, Allan Banas, Antoni Stymne, Sten TI Plant Acyl-CoA: Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferases (LPCATs) Have Different Specificities in Their Forward and Reverse Reactions SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; Enzymes; Lipid Metabolism; Phosphatidylcholine; Plant Biochemistry; Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferases; Phosphatidylcholine Metabolism; Plant Lipid Biochemistry; Enzyme ID CARTHAMUS-TINCTORIUS L; HYDROXY FATTY-ACIDS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; MICROSOMAL PREPARATIONS; DEVELOPING SEEDS; BINDING-PROTEIN; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TRIACYLGLYCEROL SYNTHESIS; TRANSGENIC ARABIDOPSIS AB Acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT) enzymes have central roles in acyl editing of phosphatidylcholine (PC). Plant LPCAT genes were expressed in yeast and characterized biochemically in microsomal preparations of the cells. Specificities for different acyl-CoAs were similar for seven LPCATs from five different species, including species accumulating hydroxylated acyl groups in their seed oil, with a preference for C-18-unsaturated acyl-CoA and low activity with palmitoyl-CoA and ricinoleoyl (12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl)-CoA. We showed that Arabidopsis LPCAT1 and LPCAT2 enzymes catalyzed the acylation and de-acylation of both sn positions of PC, with a preference for the sn-2 position. When acyl specificities of the Arabidopsis LPCATs were measured in the reverse reaction, sn-2-bound oleoyl, linoleoyl, and linolenoyl groups from PC were transferred to acyl-CoA to a similar extent. However, a ricinoleoyl group at the sn-2-position of PC was removed 4-6-fold faster than an oleoyl group in the reverse reaction, despite poor utilization in the forward reaction. The data presented, taken together with earlier published reports on in vivo lipid metabolism, support the hypothesis that plant LPCAT enzymes play an important role in regulating the acyl-CoA composition in plant cells by transferring polyunsaturated and hydroxy fatty acids produced on PC directly to the acyl-CoA pool for further metabolism or catabolism. C1 [Lager, Ida; Stymne, Sten] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Breeding, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Yilmaz, Jenny Lindberg] Scandinavian Biotechnol Res AB, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Zhou, Xue-Rong; Green, Allan] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Jasieniecka, Katarzyna; Banas, Antoni] Univ Gdansk, Intercollegiate Fac Biotechnol, PL-80822 Gdansk, Poland. [Jasieniecka, Katarzyna; Banas, Antoni] Med Univ Gdansk, PL-80822 Gdansk, Poland. [Kazachkov, Michael; Zou, Jitao; Smith, Mark A.] Natl Res Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada. [Wang, Peng] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Wang, Peng] Univ Nebraska, Ctr Plant Sci Innovat, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Weselake, Randall] Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Agr Lipid Biotechnol Program, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. [Bayon, Shen] Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dyer, John M.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Shockey, Jay M.] ARS, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Heinz, Ernst] Univ Hamburg, Bioctr Klein Flottbek & Bot Garden, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. RP Lager, I (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Breeding, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. EM Ida.Lager@slu.se RI Green, Allan/C-6572-2008; Zhou, Xue-Rong/D-4706-2009; OI Zhou, Xue-Rong/0000-0003-3717-2984; Shockey, Jay/0000-0002-5057-5457 FU United States National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program [IOS 0701919] FX The Momordica LPCAT was identified in the Edgar Cahoon laboratory from funding provided by the United States National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program IOS 0701919. NR 45 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 25 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 27 PY 2013 VL 288 IS 52 BP 36902 EP 36914 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.521815 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 282RH UT WOS:000329189700013 PM 24189065 ER PT J AU Thekke-Veetil, T Aboughanem-Sabanadzovic, N Keller, KE Martin, RR Sabanadzovic, S Tzanetakis, IE AF Thekke-Veetil, Thanuja Aboughanem-Sabanadzovic, Nina Keller, Karen E. Martin, Robert R. Sabanadzovic, Sead Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. TI Molecular characterization and population structure of blackberry vein banding associated virus, new ampelovirus associated with yellow vein disease SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Blackberry; Ampelovirus; Genome; Diversity; Variation and population structure ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; LEAFROLL-ASSOCIATED VIRUS-3; GENOME ORGANIZATION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; GENUS AMPELOVIRUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GRAPEVINE; RNA; GRAPEVINE-LEAFROLL-ASSOCIATED-VIRUS-3; PROTEIN AB Blackberry yellow vein disease is the most important viral disease of blackberry in the United States. Experiments were conducted to characterize a new virus identified in symptomatic plants. Molecular analysis revealed a genome organization resembling Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, the type species of the genus Ampelovirus in the family Closteroviridae. The genome of the virus, provisionally named blackberry vein banding associated virus (BVBaV), consists of 18,643 nucleotides and contains 10 open reading frames (ORFs). These ORFs encode closterovirid signature replication-associated and quintuple gene block proteins, as well as four additional proteins of unknown function. Phylogenetic analyses of taxonomically relevant products consistently placed BVBaV in the same cluster with GLRaV-3 and other members of the subgroup I of the genus Ampelovirus. The virus population structure in the U.S. was studied using the replication associated polyprotein 1a, heat shock 70 homolog and minor coat proteins of 25 isolates. This study revealed significant intra-species variation without any clustering among isolates based on their geographic origin. Further analyses indicated that these proteins are under stringent purifying selections. High genetic variability and incongruent clustering of isolates suggested the possible involvement of recombination in the evolution of BVBaV. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Thekke-Veetil, Thanuja; Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas Syst, Div Agr, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Aboughanem-Sabanadzovic, Nina] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Genom Biocomp & Biotechnol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Keller, Karen E.; Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Sabanadzovic, S (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM SSabanadzovic@entomology.msstate.edu; itzaneta@uark.edu RI Tzanetakis, Ioannis/B-9598-2009; OI Sabanadzovic, Sead/0000-0002-2995-2633 FU NIFA-SCRI [2009-51181-06022]; USDA-NCPN [11-8100-1572]; Special Research Initiative Program of the MAFES, Mississippi State University FX The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by NIFA-SCRI (2009-51181-06022), USDA-NCPN (11-8100-1572) and Special Research Initiative Program of the MAFES, Mississippi State University. We thank Ms. Yingxue (Shirley) Xie for her assistance in the lab work. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC 26 PY 2013 VL 178 IS 2 BP 234 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.09.039 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 283SC UT WOS:000329266300007 PM 24126200 ER PT J AU Howey, EB O'Donnell, V Ferreira, HCD Borca, MV Arzt, J AF Howey, Erin B. O'Donnell, Vivian Ferreira, Helena C. de Carvalho Borca, Manuel V. Arzt, Jonathan TI Pathogenesis of highly virulent African swine fever virus in domestic pigs exposed via intraoropharyngeal, intranasopharyngeal, and intramuscular inoculation, and by direct contact with infected pigs SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE African swine fever; ASFV; Transmission; Challenge; Pathogenesis; Domestic pig ID WESTERN HEMISPHERE; BLOOD COMPONENTS; AIRBORNE VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; TISSUES; APOPTOSIS; CELL; REPLICATION; ASSOCIATION; LYMPHOCYTES AB To investigate the pathogenesis of African swine fever virus (ASFV), domestic pigs (n = 18) were challenged with a range (10(2)-10(6) 50% hemadsorbing doses (HAD(50))) of the highly virulent ASFV-Malawi strain by inoculation via the intraoropharyngeal (IOP), intranasopharyngeal (INP), or intramuscular (IM) routes. A subsequent contact challenge experiment was performed in which six IOP-inoculated donor pigs were allowed to have direct contact (DC) with six naive pigs for exposure times that varied from 24 to 72 h. All challenge routes resulted in clinical progression and postmortem lesions similar to those previously described in experimental and natural infection. The onset of clinical signs occurred between 1 and 7 days post inoculation (dpi) and included pyrexia with variable progression to obtundation, hematochezia, melena, moribundity and death with a duration of 4-11 days. Viremia was first detected between 4 and 5 dpi in all inoculation groups whereas ASFV shedding from the nasal cavity and tonsil was first detected at 3-9 dpi. IM and DC were the most consistent modes of infection, with 12/12 (100%) of pigs challenged by these routes becoming infected. Several clinical and virological parameters were significantly different between IM and DC groups indicating dissimilarity between these modes of infection. Amongst the simulated natural routes, INP inoculation resulted in the most consistent progression of disease across the widest range of doses whilst preserving simulation of natural exposure and therefore may provide a superior system for pathogenesis and vaccine efficacy investigation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Howey, Erin B.; O'Donnell, Vivian; Ferreira, Helena C. de Carvalho; Borca, Manuel V.; Arzt, Jonathan] USDA ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Howey, Erin B.; Ferreira, Helena C. de Carvalho] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [O'Donnell, Vivian] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Arzt, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM Erin.Howey@ars.usda.gov; Vivian.ODonnell@ars.usda.gov; Helena.Ferreira@ars.usda.gov; Manuel.Borca@ars.usda.gov; Jonathan.Arzt@ars.usda.gov OI Borca, Manuel/0000-0002-0888-1178; Arzt, Jonathan/0000-0002-7517-7893 FU Agricultural Research Service-Current Research Information System [1940-32000-056-00D]; Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQPM-12-X-00005]; Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program FX This research was funded, in part, by Agricultural Research Service-Current Research Information System project No. 1940-32000-056-00D. Additional funds came from an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Award Number HSHQPM-12-X-00005. Erin Howey's position is funded through the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC 26 PY 2013 VL 178 IS 2 BP 328 EP 339 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.09.024 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 283SC UT WOS:000329266300017 PM 24076499 ER PT J AU Ashworth, DJ Yates, SR Luo, LF Lee, SR Xuan, RC AF Ashworth, Daniel J. Yates, Scott R. Luo, Lifang Lee, Sang R. Xuan, Richeng TI Coupling of Soil Solarization and Reduced Rate Fumigation: Effects on Methyl Iodide Emissions from Raised Beds under Field Conditions SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE passive solarization; active solarization; iodomethane; virtually impermeable film; air quality ID 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; DEGRADATION; BROMIDE; IRRIGATION AB Using field plots, we studied the effect on methyl iodide (MeI) emissions of coupling soil solarization (passive and active) and reduced rate fumigation (70% of a standard fumigation) in raised beds under virtually impermeable film (VIF). The results showed that for the standard fumigation and the passive solarization + fumigation treatments, emissions from the nontarped furrow were very high (similar to 50%). Emissions from the bed top and sidewall of these treatments were relatively low but were increased in the latter due to the longer environmental exposure of the VIF covering with the coupled approach (increased tarp permeability). Overall, this approach offered no advantage over fumigation-only in terms of emission reduction. With active solarization + fumigation, the large application of hot water during solarization apparently led to severely limited diffusion causing very low total emissions (<1%). Although this suggests a benefit in terms of air quality, a lack of diffusion could limit the pesticidal efficacy of the treatment. C1 [Ashworth, Daniel J.; Yates, Scott R.; Luo, Lifang; Lee, Sang R.; Xuan, Richeng] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Ashworth, Daniel J.; Luo, Lifang; Xuan, Richeng] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Ashworth, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 West Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM daniel.ashworth@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Sang Ryong/C-2167-2017 OI Lee, Sang Ryong/0000-0002-8672-301X NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 25 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 51 BP 12510 EP 12515 DI 10.1021/jf403702k PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 281YT UT WOS:000329137600005 PM 24308342 ER PT J AU Savary, BJ Vasu, P Cameron, RG McCollum, TG Nunez, A AF Savary, Brett J. Vasu, Prasanna Cameron, Randall G. McCollum, T. Gregory Nunez, Alberto TI Structural Characterization of the Thermally Tolerant Pectin Methylesterase Purified from Citrus sinensis Fruit and Its Gene Sequence SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Citrus sinensis; fruit cell wall enzyme; orange juice cloud stability; MALDI-TOF MS; PCR cloning; purification; thermostable pectin esterase ID POLYGALACTURONASE-INHIBITING PROTEINS; ORANGE JUICE; HEAT INACTIVATION; GRAPEFRUIT PULP; PURIFICATION; PECTINESTERASES; PECTINMETHYLESTERASE; VALENCIA; ELECTROPHORESIS; SEPARATION AB Despite the longstanding importance of the thermally tolerant pectin methylesterase (TT-PME) activity in citrus juice processing and product quality, the unequivocal identification of the protein and its corresponding gene has remained elusive. TT-PME was purified from sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] finisher pulp (8.0 mg/1.3 kg tissue) with an improved purification scheme that provided 20-fold increased enzyme yield over previous results. Structural characterization of electrophoretically pure TT-PME by MALDI-TOF MS determined molecular masses of approximately 47900 and 53000 Da for two principal glycoisoforms. De novo sequences generated from tryptic peptides by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS matched multiple anonymous Citrus EST cDNA accessions. The complete tt-pme cDNA (1710 base pair) was cloned from a fruit mRNA library using RT- and RLM-RACE PCR Citrus TT-PME is a novel isoform that showed higher sequence identity with the multiply glycosylated kiwifruit PME than to previously described Citrus thermally labile PME isoforms. C1 [Savary, Brett J.; Nunez, Alberto] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Savary, Brett J.; Vasu, Prasanna] Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Vasu, Prasanna] CSIR, Cent Food Technol Res Inst, Food Safety & Analyt Qual Control Lab, Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India. [Cameron, Randall G.; McCollum, T. Gregory] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Savary, BJ (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM bsavary@astate.edu FU USDA-ARS Cooperative Research and Development Agreement; Cp-Kelco, Inc. [58-3K95-6-1136]; USDA-ARS-NAA Crops Conversion Science and Engineering Research Unit [CRIS 1935-41000-068-00D]; Arkansas Biosciences Institute at Arkansas State University FX This research was supported in part by a USDA-ARS Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Cp-Kelco, Inc. (58-3K95-6-1136), the USDA-ARS-NAA Crops Conversion Science and Engineering Research Unit (CRIS 1935-41000-068-00D), and the Arkansas Biosciences Institute at Arkansas State University. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 25 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 51 BP 12711 EP 12719 DI 10.1021/jf403914u PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 281YT UT WOS:000329137600031 PM 24328246 ER PT J AU Islam, MS Roush, TL Walker, MA Granett, J Lin, H AF Islam, Md Sajedul Roush, Tamara L. Walker, Michael Andrew Granett, Jeffrey Lin, Hong TI Reproductive mode and fine-scale population genetic structure of grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) in a viticultural area in California SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Daktulosphaira vitifoliae; Grape phylloxera; Microsatellite marker; Genetic diversity; Genetic structure; Reproductive mode ID PARTHENOGENETIC SITOBION APHIDS; CLONAL REPRODUCTION; DIVERSITY; HOMOPTERA; AUSTRALIA; FITCH; VITIS; MICROSATELLITE; EVOLUTIONARY; SIMULATION AB Background: Grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) is one of the world's most important viticultural pests. However, the reproductive mode, genetic structure and host adaptation of phylloxera in various viticultural environments remains unclear. We examined reproductive mode and genetic structure of phylloxera by analyzing microsatellite makers across the samples from four vineyard-sites in California. Result: The phylloxera populations in California are believed to have predominantly parthenogenetic reproduction. Therefore, genetic diversity of phylloxera is expected to be limited. However, this study showed relatively high levels of diversity in Napa and Yolo county populations with a large number of unique genotypes, average number of alleles (2.1 to 2.9) and observed heterozygosities (0.330 to 0.388) per vineyard-sites. Reproduction diversity index (G: N-unique genotypes versus number of samples) ranged from 0.500 to 0.656 among vineyard-sites. Both significant and non-significant P-sex (probability of sexual reproduction) were observed among different repeated genotypes within each vineyard. Moreover, high variation of F-IS was observed among different loci in each vineyard-site. Genetic structure analysis (UPGMA) and various measures of population differentiations (F-ST, PCA, and gene flow estimates) consistently separated AXR#1 (Vitis vinifera x V. rupestris-widely planted in California during the 1960s and 1970s) associated populations from the populations associated with other different rootstocks. Conclusion: Genetic diversity, G: N ratio, P-sex and F-IS consistently suggested the occurrence of both parthenogenetic and sexual reproduction in California populations. This study clearly identified two major groups of phylloxera obtained from various rootstocks, with one group exclusively associated with only AXR#1 rootstock, defined as "biotype B", and another group associated with vinifera-based rootstocks, known as "biotype A". C1 [Islam, Md Sajedul; Walker, Michael Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Roush, Tamara L.; Granett, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Islam, Md Sajedul; Lin, Hong] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Lin, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM hong.lin@ars.usda.gov FU Viticulture Consortium West FX We would like to thank Parminder Sahota for technical assistance. This work was supported in part by the Viticulture Consortium West. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 26 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD DEC 24 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 123 DI 10.1186/1471-2156-14-123 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 293KL UT WOS:000329969800001 PM 24367928 ER PT J AU Darwish, O Slovin, JP Kang, CY Hollender, CA Geretz, A Houston, S Liu, ZC Alkharouf, NW AF Darwish, Omar Slovin, Janet P. Kang, Chunying Hollender, Courtney A. Geretz, Aviva Houston, Sam Liu, Zhongchi Alkharouf, Nadim W. TI SGR: an online genomic resource for the woodland strawberry SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Strawberry; Transcriptome; RNA-seq; Database; gBrowse; Fruit; Flowers; Rosaceae ID FRAGARIA-VESCA AB Background: Fragaria vesca, a diploid strawberry species commonly known as the alpine or woodland strawberry, is a versatile experimental plant system and an emerging model for the Rosaceae family. An ancestral F. vesca genome contributed to the genome of the octoploid dessert strawberry (F. xananassa), and the extant genome exhibits synteny with other commercially important members of the Rosaceae family such as apple and peach. To provide a molecular description of floral organ and fruit development at the resolution of specific tissues and cell types, RNAs from flowers and early developmental stage fruit tissues of the inbred F. vesca line YW5AF7 were extracted and the resulting cDNA libraries sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq2000. To enable easy access as well as mining of this two-dimensional (stage and tissue) transcriptome dataset, a web-based database, the Strawberry Genomic Resource (SGR), was developed. Description: SGR is a web accessible database that contains sample description, sample statistics, gene annotation, and gene expression analysis. This information can be accessed publicly from a web-based interface at http://bioinformatics.towson.edu/strawberry/Default.aspx. The SGR website provides user friendly search and browse capabilities for all the data stored in the database. Users are able to search for genes using a gene ID or description or obtain differentially expressed genes by entering different comparison parameters. Search results can be downloaded in a tabular format compatible with Microsoft excel application. Aligned reads to individual genes and exon/intron structures are displayed using the genome browser, facilitating gene re-annotation by individual users. Conclusions: The SGR database was developed to facilitate dissemination and data mining of extensive floral and fruit transcriptome data in the woodland strawberry. It enables users to mine the data in different ways to study different pathways or biological processes during reproductive development. C1 [Darwish, Omar; Houston, Sam; Alkharouf, Nadim W.] Towson Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Slovin, Janet P.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kang, Chunying; Hollender, Courtney A.; Geretz, Aviva; Liu, Zhongchi] Univ Maryland, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Liu, ZC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, 0229 Biol Sci Res Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ZLIU@UMD.EDU; NALKHAROUF@TOWSON.EDU FU NSF grant [MCB0923913] FX This work has been supported by NSF grant MCB0923913. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD DEC 23 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 223 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-223 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 294SD UT WOS:000330066500001 PM 24364888 ER PT J AU Yi, H Dey, S Kumaran, S Lee, SG Krishnan, HB Jez, JM AF Yi, Hankuil Dey, Sanghamitra Kumaran, Sangaralingam Lee, Soon Goo Krishnan, Hari B. Jez, Joseph M. TI Structure of Soybean Serine Acetyltransferase and Formation of the Cysteine Regulatory Complex as a Molecular Chaperone SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biosynthesis; Crystal Structure; Enzyme Structure; Plant Biochemistry; Plant Molecular Biology ID O-ACETYLSERINE SULFHYDRYLASE; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; SULFUR ASSIMILATION PATHWAY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SYNTHASE COMPLEX; GENE-FAMILY; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; THLASPI-GOESINGENSE; HIGHER-PLANTS AB Background: Serine acetyltransferase (SAT) catalyzes the limiting step in cysteine biosynthesis. Results: Analysis of soybean SAT provides insight into catalysis and protein-protein interactions. Conclusion: Key structural features are required for catalysis and formation of a stable macromolecular complex. Significance: A new role for protein complex formation in plant cysteine biosynthesis is proposed. Serine acetyltransferase (SAT) catalyzes the limiting reaction in plant and microbial biosynthesis of cysteine. In addition to its enzymatic function, SAT forms a macromolecular complex with O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase. Formation of the cysteine regulatory complex (CRC) is a critical biochemical control feature in plant sulfur metabolism. Here we present the 1.75-3.0 resolution x-ray crystal structures of soybean (Glycine max) SAT (GmSAT) in apoenzyme, serine-bound, and CoA-bound forms. The GmSAT-serine and GmSAT-CoA structures provide new details on substrate interactions in the active site. The crystal structures and analysis of site-directed mutants suggest that His(169) and Asp(154) form a catalytic dyad for general base catalysis and that His(189) may stabilize the oxyanion reaction intermediate. Glu(177) helps to position Arg(203) and His(204) and the 1c-2c loop for serine binding. A similar role for ionic interactions formed by Lys(230) is required for CoA binding. The GmSAT structures also identify Arg(253) as important for the enhanced catalytic efficiency of SAT in the CRC and suggest that movement of the residue may stabilize CoA binding in the macromolecular complex. Differences in the effect of cold on GmSAT activity in the isolated enzyme versus the enzyme in the CRC were also observed. A role for CRC formation as a molecular chaperone to maintain SAT activity in response to an environmental stress is proposed for this multienzyme complex in plants. C1 [Yi, Hankuil] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Dey, Sanghamitra] Presidency Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kolkata 700073, W Bengal, India. [Kumaran, Sangaralingam] CSIR, Sect 39A, Inst Microbial Technol, Chandigarh 160036, India. [Lee, Soon Goo; Jez, Joseph M.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS,Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Jez, JM (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Biol, 1 Brookings Dr,Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM jjez@biology2.wustl.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [NRI-2005-02518] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture Grant NRI-2005-02518 (to J. M. J.). NR 81 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 20 PY 2013 VL 288 IS 51 BP 36463 EP 36472 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.527143 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 278IQ UT WOS:000328883400027 PM 24225955 ER PT J AU Jones, BE Krupa, M Tate, KW AF Jones, Bobette E. Krupa, Monika Tate, Kenneth W. TI Aquatic Ecosystem Response to Timber Harvesting for the Purpose of Restoring Aspen SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RIPARIAN BUFFER WIDTH; SIERRA-NEVADA; SNOW ACCUMULATION; STREAM TEMPERATURE; FOREST STREAMS; SOIL-MOISTURE; UNITED-STATES; WATER-QUALITY; EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST AB The removal of conifers through commercial timber harvesting has been successful in restoring aspen, however many aspen stands are located near streams, and there are concerns about potential aquatic ecosystem impairment. We examined the effects of management-scale conifer removal from aspen stands located adjacent to streams on water quality, solar radiation, canopy cover, temperature, aquatic macroinvertebrates, and soil moisture. This 8-year study (2003-2010) involved two projects located in Lassen National Forest. The Pine-Bogard Project consisted of three treatments adjacent to Pine and Bogard Creeks: (i) Phase 1 in January 2004, (ii) Phase 2 in August 2005, and (iii) Phase 3 in January 2008. The Bailey Project consisted of one treatment adjacent to Bailey Creek in September 2006. Treatments involved whole tree removal using track-laying harvesters and rubber tire skidders. More than 80% of all samples analyzed for NO3-N, NH4-N, and PO4-P at Pine, Bogard, and Bailey Creeks were below the detection limit, with the exception of naturally elevated PO4-P in Bogard Creek. All nutrient concentrations (NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4P, K, and SO4-S) showed little variation within streams and across years. Turbidity and TSS exhibited annual variation, but there was no significant increase in the difference between upstream and downstream turbidity and TSS levels. There was a significant decrease in stream canopy cover and increase in the potential fraction of solar radiation reaching the streams in response to the Pine-Bogard Phase 3 and Bailey treatments; however, there was no corresponding increase in stream temperatures. Macroinvertebrate metrics indicated healthy aquatic ecosystem conditions throughout the course of the study. Lastly, the removal of vegetation significantly increased soil moisture in treated stands relative to untreated stands. These results indicate that, with careful planning and implementation of site-specific best management practices, conifer removal to restore aspen stands can be conducted without degrading aquatic ecosystems. C1 [Jones, Bobette E.] US Forest Serv, Lassen Natl Forest, USDA, Susanville, CA USA. [Krupa, Monika; Tate, Kenneth W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Krupa, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kmonia@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region FX This research was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region. The funders did assist in study design, provided field data collection assistance, and input on the methods section during preparation of the manuscript. The funders had no role in data analysis or in the decision to publish. NR 107 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 28 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 20 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e84561 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084561 PG 28 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276IX UT WOS:000328745100177 PM 24376826 ER PT J AU Anderson, KE Johansson, A Sheehan, TH Mott, BM Corby-Harris, V Johnstone, L Sprissler, R Fitz, W AF Anderson, Kirk E. Johansson, Andreas Sheehan, Tim H. Mott, Brendon M. Corby-Harris, Vanessa Johnstone, Laurel Sprissler, Ryan Fitz, William TI Draft genome sequences of two Bifidobacterium sp from the honey bee (Apis mellifera) SO GUT PATHOGENS LA English DT Article DE Bifidobacterium; Probioiotic; Apis mellifera; Honey bee; Crop; Respiratory metabolic pathway; ROS tolerance AB Background: Widely considered probiotic organisms, Bifidobacteria are common inhabitants of the alimentary tract of animals including insects. Bifidobacteria identified from the honey bee are found in larval guts and throughout the alimentary tract, but attain their greatest abundance in the adult hind gut. To further understand the role of Bifidobacteria in honey bees, we sequenced two strains of Bifidobacterium cultured from different alimentary tract environments and life stages. Results: Reflecting an oxygen-rich niche, both strains possessed catalase, peroxidase, superoxide-dismutase and respiratory chain enzymes indicative of oxidative metabolism. The strains show markedly different carbohydrate processing capabilities, with one possessing auxiliary and key enzymes of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Conclusions: As a result of long term co-evolution, honey bee associated Bifidobacterium may harbor considerable strain diversity reflecting adaptation to a variety of different honey bee microenvironments and hive-mediated vertical transmission between generations. C1 [Anderson, Kirk E.; Johansson, Andreas; Sheehan, Tim H.; Mott, Brendon M.; Corby-Harris, Vanessa] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Anderson, Kirk E.; Fitz, William] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Johansson, Andreas] Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. [Sheehan, Tim H.] Univ Arizona, Dept Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Johnstone, Laurel; Sprissler, Ryan; Fitz, William] Univ Arizona, Genom Core, BioS Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Anderson, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM kirk.anderson@ars.usda.gov OI /0000-0001-7412-2527 FU ARS-USDA FX The first author thanks his uncle "Buzzy", University of Idaho microbiologist Dr. Guy R. Anderson, a connoisseur of nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria. We thank Colleen Ramsower and Heather Issar at the University of Arizona BIO5 genomics institute. This work was supported by the ARS-USDA, an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1757-4749 J9 GUT PATHOG JI Gut Pathogens PD DEC 18 PY 2013 VL 5 AR 42 DI 10.1186/1757-4749-5-42 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 295JJ UT WOS:000330112100001 PM 24350840 ER PT J AU Metslaid, M Palli, T Randveer, T Sims, A Jogiste, K Stanturf, JA AF Metslaid, Marek Palli, Timo Randveer, Tiit Sims, Allan Jogiste, Kalev Stanturf, John A. TI The condition of Scots pine stands in Lahemaa National Park, Estonia 25 years after browsing by moose (Alces alces) SO BOREAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SYLVESTRIS STANDS; DECIDUOUS STANDS; DAMAGE; FORESTS; DENSITY; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; SWEDEN; WINTER AB The effects after 25 years of moose browsing on Scots pine stands in Lahemaa National Park were evaluated, emphasizing economic damage. A re-evaluation in 2001 examined stands that had been evaluated in 1975-1976. Moose damage significantly affected the tree species composition which changed over time as pine dominance increased and the number of mixed stands declined. The smaller proportion of severely damaged pine trees in more pine-dominated stands and on poor sites in the first evaluation in 1975-1976 may indicate that moose preferentially browsed the available broadleaved tree species. In 2001 there was a lower proportion of severely damaged trees overall and stands with higher density had smaller percentages of moderately and severely damaged trees. Stands on poor sites had more damaged pines than in 1975-1976, but also a greater proportion of undamaged and lightly damaged trees. C1 [Metslaid, Marek; Randveer, Tiit; Sims, Allan; Jogiste, Kalev] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Rural Engn, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Palli, Timo] VMF Estonia OU, EE-66280 Vorumaa, Estonia. [Stanturf, John A.] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Metslaid, M (reprint author), Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Rural Engn, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. EM marek.metslaid@emu.ee RI Sims, Allan/A-5119-2009 OI Sims, Allan/0000-0003-1312-6940 FU Estonian Ministry of Education and Science [SF0170014s08]; Estonian Science Foundation [8496] FX This study was supported by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Science grant No. SF0170014s08 and by the Estonian Science Foundation grant no. 8496. We are very grateful to Juri Tonisson for his kind assistance and valuable comments on the manuscript. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INST PI HELSINKI PA P O BOX 140, FIN-00251 HELSINKI, FINLAND SN 1239-6095 EI 1797-2469 J9 BOREAL ENVIRON RES JI Boreal Environ. Res. PD DEC 18 PY 2013 VL 18 SU A SI SI BP 25 EP 34 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 280HV UT WOS:000329020200004 ER PT J AU Stout, SL Royo, AA Decalesta, DS McAleese, K Finley, JC AF Stout, Susan L. Royo, Alejandro A. deCalesta, David S. McAleese, Kevin Finley, James C. TI The Kinzua Quality Deer Cooperative: can adaptive management and local stakeholder engagement sustain reduced impact of ungulate browsers in forest systems? SO BOREAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; EASTERN DECIDUOUS FOREST; NORTHWESTERN PENNSYLVANIA; TRILLIUM-GRANDIFLORUM; TREE GROWTH; POPULATIONS; HERBIVORY; VEGETATION; USA; CONSEQUENCES AB The Kinzua Quality Deer Cooperative (KQDC) was established in 2000 to test new approaches to stewardship of white-tailed deer and forest habitat on a 30 000 hectare landscape in northwest Pennsylvania, USA. Partners included land managers, scientists, educators, tourism promoters, and hunters. KQDC goals were adaptive management of the deer herd, improved habitat quality and deer herd attributes, and sustained hunter participation. The KQDC's tools included novel Pennsylvania Game Commission programs, habitat management, monitoring of deer and habitat, and hunter outreach. Over the first decade, deer densities in KQDC declined by 50%. Deer weight and antler characteristics improved. Browse impact on woody seedlings declined. Herbaceous indicator plants improved. The need to fence regeneration harvests declined. Hunter participation met KQDC goals for deer density and impact. The authors, research scientists and participants in the cooperative, report the results of this case study here including outcomes from ecological research and monitoring and observations of the KQDC itself. C1 [Stout, Susan L.; Royo, Alejandro A.; deCalesta, David S.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. [McAleese, Kevin] Sand Cty Fdn, Madison, WI 53703 USA. [Finley, James C.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Stout, SL (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, POB 267, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INST PI HELSINKI PA P O BOX 140, FIN-00251 HELSINKI, FINLAND SN 1239-6095 EI 1797-2469 J9 BOREAL ENVIRON RES JI Boreal Environ. Res. PD DEC 18 PY 2013 VL 18 SU A SI SI BP 50 EP 64 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 280HV UT WOS:000329020200007 ER PT J AU Yahyaa, M Bar, E Dubey, NK Meir, A Davidovich-Rikanati, R Hirschberg, J Aly, R Tholl, D Simon, PW Tadmor, Y Lewinsohn, E Ibdah, M AF Yahyaa, Mosaab Bar, Einat Dubey, Neeraj Kumar Meir, Ayala Davidovich-Rikanati, Rachel Hirschberg, Joseph Aly, Radi Tholl, Dorothea Simon, Philipp W. Tadmor, Yaakov Lewinsohn, Efraim Ibdah, Mwafaq TI Formation of Norisoprenoid Flavor Compounds in Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Roots: Characterization of a Cyclic-Specific Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase 1 Gene SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Daucus carota; norisoprenoid; farnesylacetone; alpha-ionone; beta-ionone; carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 ID FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ABSCISIC-ACID; BETA-IONONE; APOCAROTENOID PRODUCTS; OSMANTHUS-FRAGRANS; VOLATILE COMPOUNDS; BIOSYNTHESIS; TOMATO; AROMA; ACCUMULATION AB Carotenoids are isoprenoid pigments that upon oxidative cleavage lead to the production of norisoprenoids that have profound effect on flavor and aromas of agricultural products. The biosynthetic pathway to norisoprenoids in carrots (Daucus Carota L.) is still largely unknown. We found the volatile norisoprenoids farnesylacetone, alpha-ionone, and beta-ionone accumulated in Nairobi, Rothild, and Purple Haze cultivars but not in Yellowstone and Creme de Lite in a pattern reflecting their carotenoid content. A cDNA encoding a protein with carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase activity, DcCCD1, was identified in carrot and was overexpressed in Escherichia coli strains previously engineered to produce different carotenoids. The recombinant DcCCD1 enzyme cleaves cyclic carotenes to generate alpha- and beta-ionone. No cleavage products were found when DcCCD1 was co-expressed in E. coli strains accumulating non-cyclic carotenoids, such as phytoene or lycopene. Our results suggest a role for DcCCD1 in carrot flavor biosynthesis. C1 [Yahyaa, Mosaab; Bar, Einat; Dubey, Neeraj Kumar; Meir, Ayala; Davidovich-Rikanati, Rachel; Aly, Radi; Tadmor, Yaakov; Lewinsohn, Efraim; Ibdah, Mwafaq] Agr Res Org, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Hirschberg, Joseph] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Genet, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Tholl, Dorothea] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA,Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ibdah, M (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, POB 1021, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. EM mwafaq@volcani.agri.gov.il FU National Science Foundation [MCB-0950865] FX Dorothea Tholl is supported by a National Science Foundation Grant MCB-0950865. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 18 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 50 BP 12244 EP 12252 DI 10.1021/jf404085k PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 278CI UT WOS:000328865200009 PM 24289159 ER PT J AU Gese, EM Dowd, JLB Aubry, LM AF Gese, Eric M. Dowd, Jennifer L. B. Aubry, Lise M. TI The Influence of Snowmobile Trails on Coyote Movements during Winter in High-Elevation Landscapes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL-VARIATION; NATIONAL-PARK; LYNX; BEHAVIOR; SNOW; DEER AB Competition between sympatric carnivores has long been of interest to ecologists. Increased understanding of these interactions can be useful for conservation planning. Increased snowmobile traffic on public lands and in habitats used by Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) remains controversial due to the concern of coyote (Canis latrans) use of snowmobile trails and potential competition with lynx. Determining the variables influencing coyote use of snowmobile trails has been a priority for managers attempting to conserve lynx and their critical habitat. During 2 winters in northwest Wyoming, we backtracked coyotes for 265 km to determine how varying snow characteristics influenced coyote movements; 278 km of random backtracking was conducted simultaneously for comparison. Despite deep snow (>1 m deep), radio-collared coyotes persisted at high elevations (2,500 m) year-round. All coyotes used snowmobile trails for some portion of their travel. Coyotes used snowmobile trails for 35% of their travel distance (random: 13%) for a mean distance of 149 m (random: 59 m). Coyote use of snowmobile trails increased as snow depth and penetrability off trails increased. Essentially, snow characteristics were most influential on how much time coyotes spent on snowmobile trails. In the early months of winter, snow depth was low, yet the snow column remained dry and the coyotes traveled off trails. As winter progressed and snow depth increased and snow penetrability increased, coyotes spent more travel distance on snowmobile trails. As spring approached, the snow depth remained high but penetrability decreased, hence coyotes traveled less on snowmobile trails because the snow column off trail was more supportive. Additionally, coyotes traveled closer to snowmobile trails than randomly expected and selected shallower snow when traveling off trails. Coyotes also preferred using snowmobile trails to access ungulate kills. Snow compaction from winter recreation influenced coyote movements within an area containing lynx and designated lynx habitat. C1 [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Dowd, Jennifer L. B.; Aubry, Lise M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Gese, EM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM eric.gese@usu.edu RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services; National Wildlife Research Center; United States Forest Service; Bridger-Teton National Forest; Endeavor Wildlife Research Foundation FX The research was supported by funding from the United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center; the United States Forest Service, Bridger-Teton National Forest; and Endeavor Wildlife Research Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e82862 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0082862 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276HL UT WOS:000328740300078 PM 24367565 ER PT J AU Kim, HJ Tang, YH Moon, HS Delhom, CD Fang, DD AF Kim, Hee Jin Tang, Yuhong Moon, Hong S. Delhom, Christopher D. Fang, David D. TI Functional analyses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) immature fiber (im) mutant infer that fiber cell wall development is associated with stress responses SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Abiotic and biotic stress; Cellular respiration; Cell wall development; Cotton; Ethylene; Reactive oxygen species; Transcriptome profile ID ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES; MINIMUM INFORMATION; CELLULOSE SYNTHESIS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; ABIOTIC STRESSES; LOW-TEMPERATURE; IMAGE-ANALYSIS AB Background: Cotton fiber maturity is an important factor for determining the commercial value of cotton. How fiber cell wall development affects fiber maturity is not well understood. A comparison of fiber cross-sections showed that an immature fiber (im) mutant had lower fiber maturity than its near isogenic wild type, Texas marker-1 (TM-1). The availability of the im mutant and TM-1 provides a unique way to determine molecular mechanisms regulating cotton fiber maturity. Results: Transcriptome analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the im mutant fibers grown under normal stress conditions were similar to those in wild type cotton fibers grown under severe stress conditions. The majority of these DEGs in the im mutant were related to stress responses and cellular respiration. Stress is known to reduce the activity of a classical respiration pathway responsible for energy production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Both energy productions and ROS levels in the im mutant fibers are expected to be reduced if the im mutant is associated with stress responses. In accord with the prediction, the transcriptome profiles of the im mutant showed the same alteration of transcriptional regulation that happened in energy deprived plants in which expressions of genes associated with cell growth processes were reduced whereas expressions of genes associated with recycling and transporting processes were elevated. We confirmed that ROS production in developing fibers from the im mutant was lower than that from the wild type. The lower production of ROS in the im mutant fibers might result from the elevated levels of alternative respiration induced by stress. Conclusion: The low degree of fiber cell wall thickness of the im mutant fibers is associated with deregulation of the genes involved in stress responses and cellular respiration. The reduction of ROS levels and up-regulation of the genes involved in alternative respirations suggest that energy deprivation may occur in the im mutant fibers. C1 [Kim, Hee Jin; Moon, Hong S.; Fang, David D.] ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Tang, Yuhong] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Genom Core Facil, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Delhom, Christopher D.] ARS, Cotton Struct & Qual Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Kim, HJ (reprint author), ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM heejin.kim@ars.usda.gov OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU USDA-ARS CRIS [6435-21000-016-00D]; Cotton Incorporated [12-199] FX This research was supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS Project # 6435-21000-016-00D and Cotton Incorporated-sponsored project # 12-199. Authors thank Drs. Kenneth Ehrlich and Doug Hinchliffe of USDA-ARS-SRRC, Dr. Don Jones of Cotton Inc. and two unknown reviewers for critically reviewing the manuscript. We thank Dr. Russell J. Kohel of USDA-ARS-SPARC for providing cottonseeds of TM-1 and im mutant and Dr. Kater Hake of Cotton Inc. for helping us initiate the project. The authors acknowledge Ms. Tracy Condon for measuring fiber property, Ms. Holly King and Jeannine Moraitis for image analyses. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA that is an equal opportunity employer. NR 61 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 889 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-889 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AC0XC UT WOS:000332217800001 PM 24341782 ER PT J AU Wadhwa, A Johnson, RE Mackintosh, CG Griffin, JFT Waters, WR Bannantine, JP Eda, S AF Wadhwa, Ashutosh Johnson, Rachel E. Mackintosh, Colin G. Griffin, J. Frank T. Waters, W. Ray Bannantine, John P. Eda, Shigetoshi TI Use of ethanol extract of Mycobacterium bovis for detection of specific antibodies in sera of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) with bovine tuberculosis SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bovine tuberculosis; ELISA; Mycobacterium bovis; Red deer ID AVIUM SUBSP PARATUBERCULOSIS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; FREE-RANGING WILDLIFE; JOHNES-DISEASE; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; RAPID DETECTION; DIAGNOSTIC-TECHNIQUES; CATTLE; INFECTION; RESPONSES AB Background: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in wildlife species poses a threat to domestic livestock in many situations. Control programs for bTB in livestock depend on testing and slaughtering the positive animals; however, the currently available diagnostic tests often have poor specificity. In our previous study, we developed a specific and sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for another mycobacterial disease - Johne's disease, using surface antigens of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) extracted by briefly agitating the bacilli in 80% ethanol solution. The ELISA test was named ethanol vortex ELISA (EVELISA). The objective of this study is to examine whether EVELISA technique could be used to specifically detect anti-Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) antibodies in the serum of M. bovis-infected farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus). We tested a total of 45 red deer serum samples, divided in 3 groups - uninfected animals (n = 15), experimentally infected with M. bovis (n = 15) and experimentally infected with MAP (n = 15). Results: The presence of anti-M. bovis antibodies was tested using an ethanol extract of M. bovis. Without absorption of anti-MAP cross reactive antibodies, it was found that 13 out of the 15 MAP-infected animals showed high antibody binding. Using heat killed MAP as an absorbent of cross reactive antibodies, anti-M. bovis antibodies were detected in 86.7% of M. bovis-infected animals with minor false positive results caused by MAP infection. Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that EVELISA may form a basis for a sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of bTB in farmed red deer. C1 [Wadhwa, Ashutosh; Johnson, Rachel E.; Eda, Shigetoshi] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Ctr Wildlife Hlth, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mackintosh, Colin G.] AgRes Invermay, Mosgiel, New Zealand. [Griffin, J. Frank T.] Univ Otago, Dis Res Lab, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Waters, W. Ray; Bannantine, John P.] ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Eda, S (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Ctr Wildlife Hlth, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM seda@utk.edu OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 FU New Zealand Animal Health Board; University of Tennessee Research Foundation Technology Maturation Grants; University of Tennessee M-CERV seed grant; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX The work was supported by the following grants to SE: the New Zealand Animal Health Board, University of Tennessee Research Foundation Technology Maturation Grants, University of Tennessee M-CERV seed grant; and graduate research assistantship to AW by the National Institute of Mathematical and Biological Synthesis. Portions of this work were also supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 9 AR 256 DI 10.1186/1746-6148-9-256 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 288RP UT WOS:000329629800002 PM 24341485 ER PT J AU Depner, CM Traber, MG Bobe, G Kensicki, E Bohren, KM Milne, G Jump, DB AF Depner, Christopher M. Traber, Maret G. Bobe, Gerd Kensicki, Elizabeth Bohren, Kurt M. Milne, Ginger Jump, Donald B. TI A Metabolomic Analysis of Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Mediated Attenuation of Western Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in LDLR-/- Mice SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LIVER-DISEASE; VITAMIN-E; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; MOUSE MODEL; INFLAMMATION; ENDOTOXEMIA; OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS; METHYLGLYOXAL; PATHOGENESIS; PROGRESSION AB Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and a risk factor for cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Previously, we reported that dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6, n-3) was more effective than eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5, n-3) at reversing western diet (WD) induced NASH in LDLR-/- mice. Methods: Using livers from our previous study, we carried out a global non-targeted metabolomic approach to quantify diet-induced changes in hepatic metabolism. Results: Livers from WD + olive oil (WD + O)-fed mice displayed histological and gene expression features consistent with NASH. The metabolomic analysis of 320 metabolites established that the WD and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation had broad effects on all major metabolic pathways. Livers from WD + O-fed mice were enriched in saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), palmitoylsphingomyelin, cholesterol, n-6 PUFA, n-6 PUFA-containing phosphoglycerolipids, n-6 PUFA-derived oxidized lipids (12-HETE) and depleted of C20-22 n-3 PUFA-containing phosphoglycerolipids, C20-22 n-3 PUFA-derived oxidized lipids (18-HEPE, 17,18-DiHETE) and S-lactoylglutathione, a methylglyoxal detoxification product. WD + DHA was more effective than WD + EPA at attenuating WD + O-induced changes in NASH gene expression markers, n-6 PUFA and oxidized lipids, citrate and S-lactosyl glutathione. Diet-induced changes in hepatic MUFA and sphingolipid content were associated with changes in expression of enzymes involved in MUFA and sphingolipid synthesis. Changes in hepatic oxidized fatty acids and S-lactoylglutathione, however, correlated with hepatic n-3 and n-6 C20-22 PUFA content. Hepatic C20-22 n-3 PUFA content was inversely associated with hepatic a-tocopherol and ascorbate content and positively associated with urinary F2- and F3-isoprostanes, revealing diet effects on whole body oxidative stress. Conclusion: DHA regulation of hepatic SFA, MUFA, PUFA, sphingomyelin, PUFA-derived oxidized lipids and S-lactoylglutathione may explain the protective effects of DHA against WD-induced NASH in LDLR-/- mice. C1 [Depner, Christopher M.; Traber, Maret G.; Jump, Donald B.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Biol & Populat Hlth Sci, Nutr Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bobe, Gerd] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Depner, Christopher M.; Traber, Maret G.; Bobe, Gerd; Jump, Donald B.] Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kensicki, Elizabeth] Metabolon Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Bohren, Kurt M.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Milne, Ginger] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Div Clin Pharmacol, Eicosanoid Core Lab, Nashville, TN USA. RP Jump, DB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Biol & Populat Hlth Sci, Nutr Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Donald.Jump@oregonstate.edu RI Milne, Ginger/D-7648-2014 OI Milne, Ginger/0000-0003-3890-151X FU United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-65200-05846]; National Institutes of Health [DK043220, DK094600] FX This research was supported by grants from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2009-65200-05846) and the National Institutes of Health Grants to DBJ (DK043220; DK094600). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR UNSP e83756 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083756 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276GT UT WOS:000328737700070 PM 24358308 ER PT J AU Islam, ZU Bishop, SC Savill, NJ Rowland, RRR Lunney, JK Trible, B Doeschl-Wilson, AB AF Islam, Zeenath U. Bishop, Stephen C. Savill, Nicholas J. Rowland, Raymond R. R. Lunney, Joan K. Trible, Benjamin Doeschl-Wilson, Andrea B. TI Quantitative Analysis of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Viremia Profiles from Experimental Infection: A Statistical Modelling Approach SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SYNDROME-VIRUS-INFECTION; PIGS; RESPONSES; SWINE; EVOLUTION; IMMUNITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; REPLICATION; ARTERIVIRUS; POPULATIONS AB Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically significant viral diseases facing the global swine industry. Viremia profiles of PRRS virus challenged pigs reflect the severity and progression of infection within the host and provide crucial information for subsequent control measures. In this study we analyse the largest longitudinal PRRS viremia dataset from an in-vivo experiment. The primary objective was to provide a suitable mathematical description of all viremia profiles with biologically meaningful parameters for quantitative analysis of profile characteristics. The Wood's function, a gamma-type function, and a biphasic extended Wood's function were fit to the individual profiles using Bayesian inference with a likelihood framework. Using maximum likelihood inference and numerous fit criteria, we established that the broad spectrum of viremia trends could be adequately represented by either uni-or biphasic Wood's functions. Three viremic categories emerged: cleared (uni-modal and below detection within 42 days post infection(dpi)), persistent (transient experimental persistence over 42 dpi) and rebound (biphasic within 42 dpi). The convenient biological interpretation of the model parameters estimates, allowed us not only to quantify inter-host variation, but also to establish common viremia curve characteristics and their predictability. Statistical analysis of the profile characteristics revealed that persistent profiles were distinguishable already within the first 21 dpi, whereas it is not possible to predict the onset of viremia rebound. Analysis of the neutralizing antibody(nAb) data indicated that there was a ubiquitous strong response to the homologous PRRSV challenge, but high variability in the range of cross-protection of the nAbs. Persistent pigs were found to have a significantly higher nAb cross-protectivity than pigs that either cleared viremia or experienced rebound within 42 dpi. Our study provides novel insights into the nature and degree of variation of hosts' responses to infection as well as new informative traits for subsequent genomic and modelling studies. C1 [Islam, Zeenath U.; Bishop, Stephen C.; Doeschl-Wilson, Andrea B.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Islam, Zeenath U.; Bishop, Stephen C.; Doeschl-Wilson, Andrea B.] Univ Edinburgh, R D SVS, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Savill, Nicholas J.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Immunol & Infect Res, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Rowland, Raymond R. R.; Trible, Benjamin] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lunney, Joan K.] USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Islam, ZU (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. EM zeenath.islam@roslin.ed.ac.uk FU Wellcome Trust [091078/Z/09/Z]; NPB [12-120] FX The development of the model fitting code was supported by a Wellcome Trust Project grant to NJS (Grant No. 091078/Z/09/Z, http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/). The characterization of neutralizing antibody responses to PRRSV and association with host factors was supported by the NPB (Grant No. 12-120, http://www.pork.org/filelibrary/ResearchGrants/Funded2012.pdf). Funding for the project also came from "Genome Canada: Application of Genomics to Improve Swine Health and Welfare" (http://www.swineimprovement.com/) and "CSHB: Development of genetic selection tools to enhance sow health using a novel acclimation challenge model in Canadian commercial herds" (http://www.swinehealth.ca/program-research-proj-11.php). This work was supported by the Roslin Institute Strategic Grant funding from the BBSRC (ISPG 1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e83567 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083567 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276GT UT WOS:000328737700061 PM 24358295 ER PT J AU Yu, XM Doroghazi, JR Janga, SC Zhang, JK Circello, B Griffin, BM Labeda, DP Metcalf, WW AF Yu, Xiaomin Doroghazi, James R. Janga, Sarath C. Zhang, Jun Kai Circello, Benjamin Griffin, Benjamin M. Labeda, David P. Metcalf, William W. TI Diversity and abundance of phosphonate biosynthetic genes in nature SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; BACTEROIDES-FRAGILIS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; FRESH-WATER; MARINE; PRODUCTS; CLUSTER; ACID; SPECTROSCOPY AB Phosphonates, molecules containing direct carbon-phosphorus bonds, compose a structurally diverse class of natural products with interesting and useful biological properties. Although their synthesis in protozoa was discovered more than 50 y ago, the extent and diversity of phosphonate production in nature remains poorly characterized. The rearrangement of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to phosphonopyruvate, catalyzed by the enzyme PEP mutase (PepM), is shared by the vast majority of known phosphonate biosynthetic pathways. Thus, the pepM gene can be used as a molecular marker to examine the occurrence and abundance of phosphonate-producing organisms. Based on the presence of this gene, phosphonate biosynthesis is common in microbes, with similar to 5% of sequenced bacterial genomes and 7% of genome equivalents in metagenomic datasets carrying pepM homologs. Similarly, we detected the pepM gene in similar to 5% of random actinomycete isolates. The pepM-containing gene neighborhoods from 25 of these isolates were cloned, sequenced, and compared with those found in sequenced genomes. PEP mutase sequence conservation is strongly correlated with conservation of other nearby genes, suggesting that the diversity of phosphonate biosynthetic pathways can be predicted by examining PEP mutase diversity. We used this approach to estimate the range of phosphonate biosynthetic pathways in nature, revealing dozens of discrete groups in pepM amplicons from local soils, whereas hundreds were observed in metagenomic datasets. Collectively, our analyses show that phosphonate biosynthesis is both diverse and relatively common in nature, suggesting that the role of phosphonate molecules in the biosphere may be more important than is often recognized. C1 [Yu, Xiaomin; Zhang, Jun Kai; Circello, Benjamin; Metcalf, William W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yu, Xiaomin; Doroghazi, James R.; Janga, Sarath C.; Circello, Benjamin; Griffin, Benjamin M.; Metcalf, William W.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Labeda, David P.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Metcalf, WW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM metcalf@illinois.edu OI Janga, Sarath Chandra/0000-0001-7351-6268 FU National Institutes of Health [GM P01 GM077596] FX We thank Laura Guest and Alvaro Hernandez of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Biotechnology Center for assistance in sequencing, and Amla Sampat and Joleen Su for technical support. We thank Jisen Zhang for providing scripts for soil data analysis. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (GM P01 GM077596). NR 51 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 7 U2 57 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 51 BP 20759 EP 20764 DI 10.1073/pnas.1315107110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 273PR UT WOS:000328548600087 PM 24297932 ER PT J AU Fageria, NK Baligar, VC Moreira, A Moraes, LAC AF Fageria, N. K. Baligar, V. C. Moreira, A. Moraes, L. A. C. TI Soil Phosphorous Influence on Growth and Nutrition of Tropical Legume Cover Crops in Acidic Soil SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE macronutrient concentrations; micronutrient concentrations; root growth; shoot dry weight ID NUTRIENT-USE EFFICIENCY; MINERAL-NUTRITION; PLANTS AB In tropical regions, use of cover crops in crop production is an important strategy in maintaining sustainability of cropping systems. Phosphorus (P) deficiency in tropical soils is one of the most yield-limiting factors for successful production of cover crops. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate influence of P on growth and nutrient uptake in 14 tropical cover crops. The soil used in the experiment was an Oxisol, and P levels used were low (0 mg P kg(-1)), medium (100 mg P kg(-1)) and high (200 mg P kg(-1)). There was a significant influence of P and cover crop treatments on plant growth parameters. Phosphorus X cover crops interaction for shoot dry weight, root dry weight and root length was significant, indicating different responses of cover crops to variable P levels. Based on shoot dry weight efficiency index (SDEI), legume species were classified into efficient, moderately efficient or inefficient groups. Overall, white jack bean, gray mucuna bean, mucuna bean ana and black mucuna bean were most P efficient. Remaining species were inefficient in P utilization. Macro- and micronutrient concentrations (content per unit dry weight of tops) as well as uptakes (concentration x dry weight of tops) were significantly (P < 0.01) influenced by P as well as crop species treatments, except magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. The P x crop species interactions were significant for concentration and uptake of all the macro and micronutrients analyzed in the plant tissues, indicating concentrations and uptake of some nutrients increased while others decreased with increasing P levels. Hence, there was an antagonistic as well as synergetic effect of P on uptake of nutrients. However, uptake of all the macro and micronutrients increased with increasing P levels, indicating increase in dry weight of crop species with increasing P levels. Overall, nutrient concentration and uptake in the top of crop species were in the order of nitrogen (N)> potassium (K) > calcium (Ca) > Mg > sulfur (S) > P for macronutrients and iron (Fe) > manganese (Mn) > zinc (Zn) > copper (Cu) for micronutrients. Interspecific differences in shoot and root growth and nutrient uptake were observed at varying soil P levels C1 [Fageria, N. K.] EMBRAPA Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agr, Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio De Goias, Go, Brazil. [Baligar, V. C.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Moreira, A.; Moraes, L. A. C.] EMBRAPA, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Londrina, Brazil. RP Fageria, NK (reprint author), EMBRAPA Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agr, Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr, Caixa Postal 179, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio De Goias, Go, Brazil. EM nand.fageria@embrapa.br NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 56 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 EI 1532-2416 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD DEC 16 PY 2013 VL 44 IS 22 BP 3340 EP 3364 DI 10.1080/00103624.2013.847954 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 260GX UT WOS:000327584100013 ER PT J AU Jalankuzov, T Suleimenov, B Busscher, WJ Stone, KC Bauer, PJ AF Jalankuzov, Temirbulat Suleimenov, Beibut Busscher, Warren J. Stone, Kenneth C. Bauer, Philip J. TI Irrigated Cotton Grown on Sierozem Soils in South Kazakhstan SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Cotton; irrigation; salinity; sierozem soils ID ARAL SEA BASIN AB The Gloldnaya steppe has large areas of fertile sierozem soils that are important for crop production and its accompanying economic development. The soils are fertile loams, but because of the steppe's dry environment, they need to be irrigated. Our objective was to study irrigation management of cotton production on sierozem soils in southern Kazakhstan. From 2006 to 2008, we grew irrigated cotton on low, moderately, and highly saline sierozem soils in the South Kazakhstan Oblast. Soils were irrigated to reduce salinity and improve growth. Yields increased with reduced salinity especially because the highly saline soil could not support growth every year and because it had 33 to 40% less yield when cotton was grown on it. Soils were managed with multiple tillage and cultivations by machinery and hand, which maintained low bulk densities near the surface and a tillage pan at about the 30-cm depth. Future management improvements include fewer tillage operations, which would decrease energy needs and compaction. Reduced upstream salinity would reduce preplanting irrigation needs. C1 [Jalankuzov, Temirbulat; Suleimenov, Beibut] Inst Soil Sci Uspanov, Akademgorodok, Almaty, Russia. [Busscher, Warren J.; Stone, Kenneth C.; Bauer, Philip J.] Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC USA. RP Stone, KC (reprint author), ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM ken.stone@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Office of International Research Programs, the U.S. Department of State; International Science and Technology Center, Moscow, Russia FX We thank the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Office of International Research Programs, the U.S. Department of State, and the International Science and Technology Center, Moscow, Russia, for funding and supporting this research. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA, the Institute of Soil Science, or any sponsors and does not imply approval of a product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 EI 1532-2416 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD DEC 16 PY 2013 VL 44 IS 22 BP 3391 EP 3399 DI 10.1080/00103624.2013.847449 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 260GX UT WOS:000327584100016 ER PT J AU Collins, BM Kramer, HA Menning, K Dillingham, C Saah, D Stine, PA Stephens, SL AF Collins, Brandon M. Kramer, Heather A. Menning, Kurt Dillingham, Colin Saah, David Stine, Peter A. Stephens, Scott L. TI Modeling hazardous fire potential within a completed fuel treatment network in the northern Sierra Nevada SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fuel treatment; Fire management; Fire behavior modeling; Fuel model; Ladder fuel ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; BEHAVIOR MODELS; WILDLAND FIRES; LANDSCAPE; USA; WILDFIRES; GROWTH; LEVEL; SIMULATION; CALIFORNIA AB We built on previous work by performing a more in-depth examination of a completed landscape fuel treatment network. Our specific objectives were: (1) model hazardous fire potential with and without the treatment network, (2) project hazardous fire potential over several decades to assess fuel treatment network longevity, and (3) assess fuel treatment effectiveness and longevity over a range of two critical fire modeling inputs: surface fuel models and canopy base height. Modeling results demonstrate reductions in the hazardous fire potential across much of the treated landscape, relative to the untreated condition. These reductions persist throughout our modeling duration, 2010-2050. However, there was a strong effect of varying ingrowth levels, which were manipulated to generate different estimates of canopy base height over time, on hazardous fire potential over time. Under the low ingrowth level, which resulted in the highest predictions of canopy base height, hazardous fire potential steadily declined over time for the untreated landscape condition. The effect of varying fuel models in treated areas had much less impact on hazardous fire potential, indicating a robust treatment effect. Our results demonstrate a coordinated fuel treatment network that incorporates local knowledge of fire weather and likely fire behavior patterns can have a substantial impact on reducing hazardous fire potential. However, even with planned maintenance of the treatment network, hazard grows in untreated areas over time, resulting in an increase in overall fire hazard. This suggests additional treatments, including fire use, would be necessary to maintain low hazardous fire potential. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Collins, Brandon M.; Kramer, Heather A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Kramer, Heather A.; Menning, Kurt; Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ecosyst Sci Div, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Menning, Kurt] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Dillingham, Colin] Plumas Natl Forest, Quincy, CA 95971 USA. [Saah, David] Spatial Informat Grp LLC, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA. [Stine, Peter A.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Collins, BM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM bmcollins@fs.fed.us FU Plumas-Lassen Administration Study via the Herger-Feinstein Quincy Library Pilot Project FX We thank Bridget Tracey, Nick Delaney, and the Treated Stand Structure Monitoring crew for their hard work collecting field data. Funding was provided by the Plumas-Lassen Administration Study via the Herger-Feinstein Quincy Library Pilot Project. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 156 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.08.015 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302JO UT WOS:000330601000017 ER PT J AU Pitt, AL Tavano, JJ Baldwin, RF Waldrop, TA AF Pitt, Amber L. Tavano, Joseph J. Baldwin, Robert F. Waldrop, Thomas A. TI Effects of fuel reduction treatments on movement and habitat use of American toads in a southern Appalachian hardwood forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Prescribed fire; American toad; Anaxyrus americanus; Amphibian; Southern Appalachian hardwood forest; Fuel reduction ID PRESCRIBED FIRE; SMALL MAMMALS; BREEDING AMPHIBIANS; NORTH-AMERICA; HERPETOFAUNA; WILDFIRE; REPTILES; COMMUNITIES; PRINCIPLES; MANAGEMENT AB Prescribed fire is a commonly used management technique for maintaining fire-adapted ecosystems, yet empirical data regarding its effects on amphibians are limited and contradictory. Anurans (frogs and toads) may be the amphibian taxa most negatively affected by fire due to their extensive use of the forest floor; however, short-term abundance studies suggest that terrestrial toads (e.g., Anaxyrus [Bufo] americanus) may benefit from fire-based ecosystem management. We used radio-telemetry to examine the effects of prescribed fire on movements, home range characteristics, mortality, and habitat selection of A. americanus in a southern Appalachian upland hardwood forest. We tracked 26 adult A. americanus between 27 January and 30 May 2012. Toads exhibited high non-breeding site fidelity and traveled 993.5 m (+/- 265.9 m) mean (+/- SD) route distance between the breeding ponds and the last recorded location within their summer habitat. We found no evidence of direct mortality of A. americanus from a prescribed fire that occurred on 13 February 2012. Forward stepwise discriminant analysis (DA) revealed that the availability of coarse woody debris (CWD) was a significant discriminator between microhabitats used (i.e., location plots) and random plots (Wilk's lambda = 0.9852, F-1,F- 661 = 9.9414, p = 0.002). Forward stepwise DA revealed that burned and unburned location plots were significantly different (Wilk's lambda = 0.2713, F-1,F- 221 = 593.6863, p < 0.001) based on the percent of plot ground cover comprised of charred material (%char). When %char was excluded from the analysis due to its short-term nature, the percent of plot ground cover comprised of deciduous leaves, a cover item commonly used by toads in unburned locations, was the variable with the most discriminatory power (Wilk's lambda = 0.4243, F-1,F- 221 = 299.8741, p < 0.001). Toads maintained greater distances from CWD in the unburned (mean +/- SD = 119.50 +/- 109.64 cm) than in the burned locations (mean +/- SD = 86.05 +/- 104.81 cm; chi(2)(1)= 9.7055, p = 0.002). Our results indicate that prescribed fire as implemented in this study did not cause direct mortality, nor did it appear to inhibit migratory movements of adult A. americanus. However, fire reduced the diversity and availability of refugia, especially deciduous leaves, though the availability of alternative cover objects (e.g., CWD) in burned treatments allowed toads to inhabit those areas, suggesting the importance of noncombustible or semi-permanent refugia for A. americanus in fire-managed forests. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pitt, Amber L.; Tavano, Joseph J.; Baldwin, Robert F.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Waldrop, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Pitt, AL (reprint author), Bloomsburg Univ Penn, Dept Biol & Allied Hlth Sci, Bloomsburg, PA 17815 USA. EM apitt@bloomu.edu FU U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Forest Disturbance Science [SRS-4156]; U.S. Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP); NFFS project sites FX We thank J. Sexton, M. Smith, G. Chapman, and E. Gambrell for assistance in the field. We thank R. Phillips for providing us with burn and site spatial data. We thank the U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Bent Creek Experimental Forest for providing logistical support. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station, SRS-4156, Center for Forest Disturbance Science. This is contribution number 220 of the NFFS project. Although the authors received no direct funding for this research from the U.S. Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP), it was greatly facilitated by the JFSP support of existing NFFS project sites. We thank the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission for their field support, for permitting this study to be conducted on state game lands, and for conducting all fuel reduction treatments. Research was conducted under permit # 12-SC00579 from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. Animal use was approved by the Clemson University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol # AUP2011-035). NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 289 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.08.032 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302JO UT WOS:000330601000030 ER PT J AU Montgomery, RA Palik, BJ Boyden, SB Reich, PB AF Montgomery, Rebecca A. Palik, Brian J. Boyden, Suzanne B. Reich, Peter B. TI New cohort growth and survival in variable retention harvests of a pine ecosystem in Minnesota, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Pinus banksiana; Pinus resinosa; Pinus strobus; Aggregate retention; Dispersed retention; Ecological forestry ID GREEN-TREE RETENTION; RED PINE; OVERSTORY RETENTION; LIGHT AVAILABILITY; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RADIAL GROWTH; FOREST; UNDERSTORY; RESPONSES; REGENERATION AB There is significant interest in silvicultural systems such as variable retention harvesting (VRH) that emulate natural disturbance and increase structural complexity, spatial heterogeneity, and biological diversity in managed forests. However, the consequences of variable retention harvesting for new cohort growth and survival are not well characterized in many forest ecosystems. Moreover, the relative importance of resource preemption by existing ground layer vegetation after variable retention harvests is unclear. We addressed both in a VRH experiment implemented as a randomized block design replicated four times in red pine forest in Minnesota, USA. Treatments included a thinning with residual trees dispersed evenly throughout the stand (dispersed) and two patch cuts that left 0.1 ha gaps (small gap) or 0.3 ha gaps (large gap) in a forest matrix. Residual basal area was held near constant in the three harvest treatments. We planted seedlings of three common pines (Pinus banksiana, P. strobus and P. resinosa) and measured light, soil nutrients and growth over seven growing seasons. We hypothesized that forests with equivalent average structures (e.g., basal area) would have higher stand-level seedling growth and survival in aggregated retention versus dispersed retention stands. However, variable retention harvest resulted in relatively small differences in growth and survival across the three retention treatments (although all differed as expected from uncut controls). Species specific responses to overstory treatments were partially related to shade tolerance. Tolerant white pine had high survival across all overstory treatments whereas intolerant red and jack pine had lower survival in uncut controls. In general, jack pine had the strongest growth response to reduction of overstory density. However, both white and jack pine achieved highest growth in the dispersed treatment despite differences in shade tolerance. Regardless of species, shrubs had a strong impact on seedling growth. Indeed, differences in growth were often larger across shrub treatments than among retention treatments. Our results support the hypothesis that shrubs preempt resources and dampen the impacts of different overstory retention patterns on new cohort growth and survival. Our results imply that managers have considerable flexibility to employ various types of retention patterns coupled with planting in red pine ecosystems at least at the levels of retention studied here. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Montgomery, Rebecca A.; Boyden, Suzanne B.; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Reich, Peter B.] Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. RP Montgomery, RA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rebeccam@umn.edu; bpalik@fs.fed.us; sboyden@clarion.edu; preich@umn.edu FU USDA NRI CREES Award [2006-35101-17061]; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Wilderness Research Foundation; Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station [MIN-42-074] FX We thank Christel Kern, Kathryn Lang, Doug Kastendick, and Susan Barrott for field crew supervision and data organization, and Kelly Barrett and Barb Knight of the Chippewa National Forest for logistic support. Doris Nelson assisted with soil nutrient analyses. Thanks to the numerous students and members of short-term field crews for field data collection. Funding was provided by USDA NRI CREES Award No. 2006-35101-17061, the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, the Wilderness Research Foundation, and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station MIN-42-074. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 327 EP 335 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.055 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302JO UT WOS:000330601000034 ER PT J AU Major, JE Johnsen, KH Barsi, DC Campbell, M Malcolm, JW AF Major, John E. Johnsen, Kurt H. Barsi, Debby C. Campbell, Moira Malcolm, John W. TI Stem biomass, C and N partitioning and growth efficiency of mature pedigreed black spruce on both a wet and a dry site SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Adaptation; Belowground mass; Fitness; Growth efficiency; Soil moisture; Wood density ID X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; SOIL-MOISTURE INTERACTION; SHOOT WATER RELATIONS; CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; LOBLOLLY-PINE; WOOD DENSITY; GENETIC-VARIATION; PICEA-MARIANA; NORWAY SPRUCE; SLASH PINE AB Worldwide, efforts to manage atmospheric CO2 are being explored both by reducing emissions and by sequestering more carbon (C). Stem biomass, C, and nitrogen (N) parameters were measured in plots of first-generation (F1), 32-year-old black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) from four full-sib families studied previously for drought tolerance and differential productivity on both a dry and a wet site in central Ontario, Canada. The wet site had greater stem wood N and bark N concentrations than the dry site. Site differences in N were most likely driven by soil moisture stress impairing N uptake, as soil N was equal at both sites. Drought-tolerant (faster growing) families had lower wood density than drought-intolerant families on the wet site but there were no wood density differences between families on the dry site. Allometric analysis showed greater total stem dry mass per unit total belowground dry mass for drought-tolerant than intolerant families and for wet than dry sites, indicating a differential allocation of photosynthate dependent on both genotype and environment. Allometric analysis also showed greater total stem dry mass per unit total needle dry mass (growth efficiency) for drought-tolerant than intolerant families and for the wet than the dry site. This indicates greater productivity is a result of greater growth efficiency caused by greater net photosynthesis (shown previously) and greater partitioning of biomass to stem relative to total roots. The variation in physiological processes documented in our previous investigations and the biomass allocation variation shown here most probably underlie the increase in stem productivity from both black spruce tree improvement programs and increased water availability. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Major, John E.; Campbell, Moira; Malcolm, John W.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Atlantic Forestry Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. [Johnsen, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Barsi, Debby C.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada. RP Major, JE (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Atlantic Forestry Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. EM jmajor@nrcan.gc.ca FU Natural Resources Canada's Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada's Canadian Wood Fiber Centre; USDA Forest Service; Innovative Research Initiative for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation FX We are grateful for the financial support of Natural Resources Canada's Canadian Forest Service and Canadian Wood Fiber Centre, the USDA Forest Service, and the Innovative Research Initiative for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation. We gratefully acknowledge useful comments received from Dr. Alex Mosseler and Dr. Guy LaRocque. In addition, the technical skills of Stephanie West, Lance Kress, Pete Anderson, Sean Hurley, Soren Johnsen, and Jenny Johnsen are thankfully acknowledged. NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 495 EP 507 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.08.019 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302JO UT WOS:000330601000052 ER PT J AU Abella, SR Denton, CW Steinke, RW Brewer, DG AF Abella, Scott R. Denton, Charles W. Steinke, Rory W. Brewer, David G. TI Soil development in vegetation patches of Pinus ponderosa forests: Interface with restoration thinning and carbon storage SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Alfisol; Grassland; Mollisol; Ponderosa pine; Soil classification; Spatial pattern ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; NORTHERN ARIZONA; ORGANIC-MATTER; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; FUEL-REDUCTION; UNITED-STATES; ECOSYSTEM; PERSPECTIVE; MINNESOTA AB Frequent-fire conifer forests in western North America are undergoing restoration and fuel-reduction treatments to reduce chance of severe crown fire and re-balance tree and understory plant biomass. A central decision in these treatments remains where to retain trees within sites during tree thinning. To help inform thinning prescriptions by identifying patterns of soil development, we sampled and classified 48 soil pedons among three vegetation patch types (grassy openings, openings invaded by post-settlement trees 60 years) sites. Logistic regression models show that clearing size, specifically the percentage of tree bole surrounded by a clearing, is an important predictor of Jeffrey pine survivorship in low to moderate severity fires, but clearing measures have never been included in previously published assessments of tree survival. We suggest that these previously unreported clearings are important features of Jeffrey pine and related semiarid forests and we recommend that more in-depth studies be made of their occurrence, formation, and ecological relationships. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dalrymple, Sarah E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dalrymple, SE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Div Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM sdalrymp@utk.edu FU USDA-Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region Ecology Program; Center for Population Biology; University of California Natural Reserve System; Mildred E. Mathias Graduate Student Research Grant FX This study was funded by the USDA-Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region Ecology Program, the Center for Population Biology, and grants from the University of California Natural Reserve System, including the Mildred E. Mathias Graduate Student Research Grant. Thanks to Rick Karban (University of California Davis), Jim McIver (USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station), Wally Miller (University of Nevada-Reno), Solomon Dobrowski (University of Montana), Shana Gross (USDA Forest Service, Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit), and Lauren Porensky (USDA Agricultural Research Service) for stimulating discussions in the field and/or reviews of our draft results. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 847 EP 856 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.09.032 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302JO UT WOS:000330601000088 ER PT J AU Knapp, EE Skinner, CN North, MP Estes, BL AF Knapp, Eric E. Skinner, Carl N. North, Malcolm P. Estes, Becky L. TI Long-term overstory and understory change following logging and fire exclusion in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fire exclusion; Forest densification; Reference conditions; Shrub cover; Species richness ID PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; SOUTHERN CASCADES; HABITAT SELECTION; INITIAL RESPONSE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-PARK; BASAL AREA; LAKE TAHOE AB In many forests of the western US, increased potential for fires of uncharacteristic intensity and severity is frequently attributed to structural changes brought about by fire exclusion, past land management practices, and climate. Extent of forest change and effect on understory vegetation over time are not well understood, but such information is useful to forest management focused on restoring biodiversity and resilience to these ecosystems. We re-measured three large (4 ha) historical "Methods of Cutting" (MC) plots in mixed-conifer forest of the central Sierra Nevada installed in 1929 to evaluate the effects of different logging methods. Trees >= 10 cm were surveyed across the entire plots and understory vegetation (tree seedlings, shrubs, and herbaceous species) was quantified within quadrats in the old-growth condition in 1929 prior to logging, later in 1929 after logging, and again in 2007 or 2008. We also compared forest structure in the MC plots with an adjacent unlogged "control" area and collected fire scar samples from nearby stumps to evaluate the historical fire regime. The contemporary tree density in the MC plots (739 trees ha(-1)) was 2.4 times greater than the 1929 pre-logging density (314 trees ha(-1)). Trees in the small and intermediate size classes (10-75 cm dbh) were significantly over-represented, and trees in the larger size classes (>90 cm dbh) generally significantly under-represented, compared with historical conditions. The proportion of pine dropped from 37% of tree basal area in 1929 to 21% in 2007/08. Density of small to intermediate sized trees was similar in the contemporary logged and unlogged control plots, suggesting that over the long term, ingrowth may have been influenced more by lack of fire than historical logging. Change to non-tree vegetation was most pronounced for shrub cover, which averaged 28.6% in 1929 but only 2.5% in 2008. CART analysis indicated that the highest shrub cover in 1929 was in areas having four or fewer trees growing within 15 m to the south of the quadrat, suggesting that reduced light was the most likely explanation for the decline over time. Herbaceous species richness in 2008 was significantly lower than in 1931, two years after logging, but did not differ significantly from 1929, prior to logging. Understory vegetation should benefit from thinning or prescribed fire treatments that lead to a greater abundance of higher light environments within stands. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Knapp, Eric E.; Skinner, Carl N.; Estes, Becky L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [North, Malcolm P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Knapp, EE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM eknapp@fs.fed.us NR 84 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 10 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 903 EP 914 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.09.041 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302JO UT WOS:000330601000094 ER PT J AU Taylor, JD AF Taylor, Jimmy D. TI Wildlife in managed forests: An overview of perspectives from the Pacific Northwest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Oregon Field Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Taylor, JD (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Oregon Field Stn, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jimmy.d.taylor@aphis.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 1027 EP 1028 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.10.024 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 302JO UT WOS:000330601000105 ER PT J AU Welch, KD Green, BT Gardner, DR Stonecipher, CA Panter, KE Pfister, JA Cook, D AF Welch, K. D. Green, B. T. Gardner, D. R. Stonecipher, C. A. Panter, K. E. Pfister, J. A. Cook, D. TI The effect of low larkspur (Delphinium spp.) co-administration on the acute toxicity of death camas (Zigadenus spp.) in sheep SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Death camas; Larkspur; Zigadettus; Delphinium; Methyllycaconitine; Zygacine; Sheep ID ALKALOIDS; METHYLLYCACONITINE; CATTLE; MICE; SYNERGISM AB In most cases where livestock are poisoned by plants in a range setting, there is more than one potential poisonous plant in the same area. Two poisonous plants that are often found growing simultaneously in the same location are death camas (Zigadenus spp.) and low larkspur (Delphinium spp.). Sheep are known to be susceptible to death camas poisoning while they are thought to be resistant to larkspur. The objective of this study was to determine if co-administration of low larkspur would exacerbate the toxicity of death camas in sheep. A dose finding study was performed to find a dose of death camas that caused minimal clinical signs of poisoning. Sheep were observed for clinical signs of poisoning as well as changes in heart rate and muscle fatigue. Sheep dosed with 1.14 g of death camas per kg BW showed slight frothing and lethargy, whereas sheep dosed with death camas and low larkspur showed slightly more noticeable clinical signs of poisoning. Sheep dosed with only low larkspur, at 7.8 g/kg BW, showed no signs of poisoning. Although we observed a qualitative difference in clinical signs of intoxication in sheep co-treated with death camas and low larkspur we did not detect any quantitative differences in heart rate, exercise-induced muscle fatigue, or differences in serum zygacine kinetics. Consequently, the results from this study suggest that low larkspur does not affect the toxicity of death camas in sheep. The results from this study increase knowledge and understanding regarding the acute toxicity of death camas and low larkspur in sheep. As combined intoxications are most likely common, this information will be useful in further developing management recommendations for ranchers and in designing additional experiments to study the toxicity of death camas to other livestock species. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Welch, K. D.; Green, B. T.; Gardner, D. R.; Stonecipher, C. A.; Panter, K. E.; Pfister, J. A.; Cook, D.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Welch, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Kevin.Welch@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 76 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.09.007 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 275EH UT WOS:000328658600008 PM 24055068 ER PT J AU Chen, J Rashid, T Feng, GL Zhao, LM Oi, D Drees, BM AF Chen, Jian Rashid, Tahir Feng, Guolei Zhao, Liming Oi, David Drees, Bastiaan Bart M TI Defensive chemicals of tawny crazy ants, Nylanderia fulva (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and their toxicity to red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Defensive chemical; Poison gland; Dufour gland; Formic acid; 2-Tridecanone; Undecane ID GLAND SECRETIONS; ACID; 2-TRIDECANONE; INSECTICIDE; REPELLENCY; CHEMISTRY; FLORIDA; ACARI; VENOM AB Nylanderia fidva (Mayr) has been reported as being able to displace Solenopsis invicta Buren, one of the most aggressive invasive ants in the world. Like S. invicta, N. fulva use chemical secretions in their defense/offense, which may contribute to their observed superior competition ability. In this study, the defensive chemicals of N. fulva workers and their toxicity against S. invicta workers were investigated. Like other formicine ants, N. fulva workers produce formic acid in their poison glands and 2-ketones and alkanes in Dufour glands. Of these, undecane and 2-tridecanone are two principal compounds in the Dufour gland. Topical LD50 values of 2-tridecanone and undecane against S. invicta workers ranged from 18.51 to 24.67 mu g/ant and 40.39 to 84.82 mu g/ant, respectively. Undecane and 2-tridecanone had significantly higher contact toxicity than formic acid, whereas formic acid had significantly higher fumigation toxicity than undecane and 2-tridecanone. The combination of 2-tridecanone as a contact toxin and formic acid as a fumigant significantly decreased KT50 values when compared to those of individual compounds. N. fulva does not seem unique in terms of the chemistry of its defensive secretion as compared to other formicine ants. However, this ant contained more than two orders of magnitude of formic acid (wt/wt) than other formicine ants and one order of magnitude of 2-tridecanone than the common crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille). The quantity, rather than quality, of the chemical secretion may contribute to the superior competition ability of N. fulva. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chen, Jian] ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Mid South Area, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rashid, Tahir; Feng, Guolei] Alcorn State Univ, Extens Res Demonstrat Farm & Technol Transfer Ctr, Mound Bayou, MS 38762 USA. [Zhao, Liming] USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. [Oi, David] ARS, Imported Fire Ant & Household Insects Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Drees, Bastiaan Bart M] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhao, Liming] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, 59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jianchen@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 10 U2 61 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 76 BP 160 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.09.018 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 275EH UT WOS:000328658600020 PM 24080354 ER PT J AU Davis, TZ Green, BT Stegelmeier, BL Lee, ST Welch, KD Pfister, JA AF Davis, T. Zane Green, Benedict T. Stegelmeier, Bryan L. Lee, Stephen T. Welch, Kevin D. Pfister, James A. TI Physiological and serum biochemical changes associated with rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) poisoning in goats SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Tremetone; Benzofuran ketones; Goats; Physiological changes ID SNAKEROOT EUPATORIUM URTICAEFOLIUM; WHITE SNAKEROOT; AGERATINA-ALTISSIMA; TOXIC CONSTITUENT; TREMETONE; TREMBLES; KETONES; MILK AB Rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) has been known to be toxic to livestock in the southwestern United States for many years; however, chemical composition of the plant as well as the dosage and duration required to cause toxicosis have not been completely described. Tremetol, the historical toxin, is actually a mixture of alcohols and ketones. Though not completely confirmed experimentally, the toxic compounds are believed to be benzofuran ketones that include tremetone, dehydrotremetone, 3-hydroxytremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone. The objectives of this study were to determine the dosage of benzofuran ketones and the duration of exposure to these compounds required to produce clinical signs of poisoning in Spanish goats and to document the pathophysiological changes associated with rayless goldenrod poisoning in goats. Goats dosed with rayless goldenrod containing 40 and 60 mg/kg BW of benzofuran ketones for 4 or 5 days, showed clinical signs of toxicosis that included trembles, and exercise intolerance seen as reluctance to perform on the treadmill, significantly increased resting and working heart rates and prolonged heart rate recovery following exercise. The affected goats also had significant serum biochemical changes that included increased concentrations of cardiac troponin I and increased activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase. Exercise intolerant animals also had extensive degeneration and necrosis within nearly all skeletal muscles. Some goats dosed with 10 and 20 mg/kg BW of benzofuran ketones began to show some signs of poisoning on the last day of the study. In conclusion, benzofuran ketones at doses at or above 40 mg/kg BW for longer than 4 or 5 days are toxic and produce disease similar to that described in clinical rayless goldenrod poisoning. Additionally, smaller benzofuran ketone doses (10 and 20 mg/kg BW) for longer durations also cause the disease. The physiologic findings indicated that though there may be some myocardial changes, the majority of the clinical disease in goats is due to skeletal muscle degeneration and necrosis. More work is needed to determine the toxicity and physiologic effects of individual benzofuran ketones and to develop a model that better predicts the risk of poisoning and methods to avoid poisoning by plants containing benzofuran ketones. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davis, T. Zane; Green, Benedict T.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.; Lee, Stephen T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Pfister, James A.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Davis, TZ (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM zane.davis@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS FX The authors thank Katie Lott, Andrea Dolbear, Ed Knoppel, and Dr. Ronald Box for their assistance with this research. We would also like to thank M. E. Barkworth and M. B. Piep at the Intermountain Herbarium for their assistance in identifying the plant material. This research was supported by USDA/ARS. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 76 BP 247 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.10.010 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 275EH UT WOS:000328658600031 PM 24140917 ER PT J AU Zhang, YL Cheng, GD Li, X Han, XJ Wang, L Li, HY Chang, XL Flerchinger, GN AF Zhang, Yanlin Cheng, Guodong Li, Xin Han, Xujun Wang, Lei Li, Hongyi Chang, Xiaoli Flerchinger, G. N. TI Coupling of a simultaneous heat and water model with a distributed hydrological model and evaluation of the combined model in a cold region watershed SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE distributed hydrological model; frozen soil; snowmelt; cold region; Heihe River basin ID FROZEN SOIL PARAMETERIZATION; LAND-SURFACE SCHEME; UPPER TONE RIVER; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; RUNOFF DYNAMICS; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; BOREAL FOREST; PILPS 2(D); BASIN; TEMPERATURE AB Snow and frozen soil prevail in cold regions worldwide, and the integration of these processes is crucial in hydrological models. In this study, a combined model was developed by fully coupling a simultaneous heat and water model with a geomorphologically based distributed hydrological model. The combined model simulates vertical and lateral water transfer as well as vertical heat fluxes and is capable of representing the effects of frozen soil and snowmelt on hydrological processes in cold regions. This model was evaluated by using in situ observations in the Binggou watershed, an experimental watershed for cold region hydrology of the Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research Project. Results showed that the model was able to predict soil freezing and thawing, unfrozen soil water content, and snow depth reasonably well. The simulated hydrograph was in good agreement with the in situ observation. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of daily discharge was 0.744 for the entire simulation period, 0.472 from April to June, and 0.711 from June to November. This model can improve our understanding of hydrological processes in cold regions and assess the impacts of global warming on hydrological cycles and water resources. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Zhang, Yanlin; Cheng, Guodong; Li, Xin; Han, Xujun; Li, Hongyi; Chang, Xiaoli] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Wang, Lei] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Tibetan Environm Changes & Land Surface P, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Wang, Lei] Univ Tokyo, Dept Civil Engn, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Flerchinger, G. N.] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. RP Zhang, YL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lab Remote Sensing & Geospatial Sci, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. EM yanlinzhang@lzb.ac.cn RI westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/O-2255-2013; Li, Xin/F-7473-2011; li, hongyi/G-2018-2011; rslab, water/O-7043-2015 OI westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/0000-0001-5298-1494; Li, Xin/0000-0003-2999-9818; li, hongyi/0000-0001-7583-6003; FU National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists, 'Development of a Catchment-Scale Land Data Assimilation System' [40925004]; project 'Land Surface Modelling and Data Assimilation Research' from the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China [2009AA122104]; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) [KZCX2-EW-312]; Foundation for Young Talents in Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of CAS [Y251A81] FX The authors thank Professor Des Walling and the referees for the suggestions and critical comments. This work is supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists, 'Development of a Catchment-Scale Land Data Assimilation System' (grant number: 40925004), the project 'Land Surface Modelling and Data Assimilation Research' (grant number: 2009AA122104) from the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China, the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) (grant number: KZCX2-EW-312), and the Foundation for Young Talents in Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of CAS (grant number: Y251A81). NR 64 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 25 BP 3762 EP 3776 DI 10.1002/hyp.9514 PG 15 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 261MZ UT WOS:000327670500021 ER PT J AU Xiao, JF Sun, G Chen, JQ Chen, H Chen, SP Dong, G Gao, SH Guo, HQ Guo, JX Han, SJ Kato, T Li, YL Lin, GH Lu, WZ Ma, MG McNulty, S Shao, CL Wang, XF Xie, X Zhang, XD Zhang, ZQ Zhao, B Zhou, GS Zhou, J AF Xiao, Jingfeng Sun, Ge Chen, Jiquan Chen, Hui Chen, Shiping Dong, Gang Gao, Shenghua Guo, Haiqiang Guo, Jixun Han, Shijie Kato, Tomomichi Li, Yuelin Lin, Guanghui Lu, Weizhi Ma, Mingguo McNulty, Steven Shao, Changliang Wang, Xufeng Xie, Xiao Zhang, Xudong Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhao, Bin Zhou, Guangsheng Zhou, Jie TI Carbon fluxes, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency of terrestrial ecosystems in China SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon fluxes; Evapotranspiration; Water use efficiency; Eddy covariance; Carbon sink; Synthesis ID QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU; EDDY-COVARIANCE; EASTERN CHINA; ALPINE MEADOW; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; POPLAR PLANTATION; GROWING-SEASON; INNER-MONGOLIA AB The magnitude, spatial patterns, and controlling factors of the carbon and water fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems in China are not well understood due to the lack of ecosystem-level flux observations. We synthesized flux and micrometeorological observations from 22 eddy covariance flux sites across China, and examined the carbon fluxes, evapotranspiration (ET), and water use efficiency (WUE) of terrestrial ecosystems at the annual scale. Our results show that annual carbon and water fluxes exhibited clear latitudinal patterns across sites. Both annual gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) declined with increasing latitude, leading to a declining pattern in net ecosystem productivity (NEP) with increasing latitude. Annual ET also generally declined with increasing latitude. The spatial patterns of annual carbon and water fluxes were mainly driven by annual temperature, precipitation, and growing season length. Carbon fluxes, ET, and water use efficiency (WUE) varied with vegetation type. Overall, forest and cropland sites had higher annual fluxes than grassland sites, and the annual fluxes of coastal wetland sites were similar to or slightly higher than those of forest sites. Annual WUE was associated with annual precipitation, GPP, and growing season length. Higher-productivity ecosystems (forests and coastal wetlands) also had higher WUE than lower-productivity ecosystems (grasslands and croplands). The strong relationships between annual GPP and ET demonstrated the coupling of the carbon and water cycles. Our results show that forest plantations had high annual NEP and WUE, and could provide larger carbon sequestration capacity than natural forests. The coastal salt marsh and mangrove ecosystems also had high carbon sequestration capacity. Efforts to strengthen China's terrestrial carbon sink should focus on ecosystems such as forest plantations in southern China where heat and water are ideal for maintaining high productivity. This strategy is especially important because efforts to increase carbon sequestration in areas of limited water may inadvertently contribute to the ongoing water crisis in northern China. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiao, Jingfeng] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steven] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Chen, Jiquan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Int Ctr Ecol Meteorol & Environm, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Chen, Hui; Lu, Weizhi] Xiamen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Key Lab, Minist Educ Coastal & Wetland Ecosyst, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Chen, Shiping; Shao, Changliang; Zhou, Guangsheng] Acad Sinica, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. [Dong, Gang] Shanxi Univ, Sch Life Sci, Taiyuan, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Gao, Shenghua; Zhang, Xudong] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Forestry Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Guo, Haiqiang; Xie, Xiao; Zhao, Bin] Fudan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Guo, Haiqiang] NE Normal Univ, Inst Grassland Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Vegetat Ecol, Changchun, Peoples R China. [Han, Shijie] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. [Kato, Tomomichi] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res Inst Global Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Li, Yuelin] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lin, Guanghui] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Ma, Mingguo; Wang, Xufeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Cold & Arid Reg Remote Sensing Observat Syst Expt, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Zhiqiang; Zhou, Jie] Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Soil & Water Conservat & Desertificat Com, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Xiao, JF (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM j.xiao@unh.edu RI westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/O-2255-2013; Mingguo, Ma/A-8087-2013; Zhao, Bin/I-3651-2013; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Kato, Tomomichi/F-7766-2010; Zhao, Bin/E-5349-2010 OI westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/0000-0001-5298-1494; Zhao, Bin/0000-0002-3530-2469; Kato, Tomomichi/0000-0003-3757-3243; FU National Science Foundation through the Macro Systems Biology Program [1065777]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) program [NNX11AL32G]; Department of Energy (DOE) through the National Institute for Climatic Change Research (NICCR) [14U776] FX This work is partly supported by the National Science Foundation through the Macro Systems Biology Program (award number 1065777, JX), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the Carbon Monitoring System (CMS) program (award number NNX11AL32G, JX), and the Department of Energy (DOE) through the National Institute for Climatic Change Research (NICCR) (award number 14U776, JX). This is the first cross-site synthesis paper of the U.S.-China Carbon Consortium (USCCC). We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive and detailed comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 32 Z9 39 U1 22 U2 214 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 182 SI SI BP 76 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.08.007 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 252JE UT WOS:000327000200008 ER PT J AU Zunino, SJ Storms, DH Freytag, TL Mackey, BE Zhao, L Gouffon, JS Hwang, DH AF Zunino, Susan J. Storms, David H. Freytag, Tammy L. Mackey, Bruce E. Zhao, Ling Gouffon, Julia S. Hwang, Daniel H. TI Dietary strawberries increase the proliferative response of CD3/CD28-activated CD8(+) T cells and the production of TNF-alpha in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes from obese human subjects SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Strawberries; Immunity; T-cell proliferation; Lipopolysaccharide; TNF-alpha ID BODY-MASS INDEX; RHEUMATOLOGY-BIOLOGICS-REGISTER; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; SERIOUS INFECTIONS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; BRITISH-SOCIETY; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; INNATE IMMUNITY; RECEPTORS; RISK AB Obesity increases the risk of developing bacterial and viral infections compared with normal weight. In a 7-week double-blind, randomised, cross-over trial, twenty obese volunteers (BMI between 30 and 40 kg/m(2)) were fed freeze-dried strawberry powder or strawberryflavoured placebo preparations to determine the effects of dietary strawberries on immune function. Blood was collected at six time points during the study and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated at each time point and activated with CD3 plus CD28 antibodies (T-lymphocyte activation) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, monocyte activation). Interferon-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-4 and IL-10 were measured in supernatants from the activated T cells. Supernatants from the activated monocytes were analysed for the production of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8. PBMC were pre-stained with PKH (Paul Karl Horan) dye and activated with CD3 plus CD28 antibodies to determine the proliferative responses of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes by flow cytometry. To detect global changes in gene expression, microarray analysis was performed on LPS-and vehicle-treated PBMC from two subjects before and after the strawberry intervention. No difference was observed for the production of T-cell cytokines between the intervention groups. The production of TNF-a was increased in the supernatants from LPS-activated PBMC in the group consuming strawberries compared with the placebo. A modest increase in the proliferation of the CD8(+) T-lymphocyte population was observed at 24 h post-activation. These data suggest that dietary strawberries may increase the immunological response of T-lymphocytes and monocytes in obese people who are at greater risk for developing infections. C1 [Zunino, Susan J.; Storms, David H.; Freytag, Tammy L.; Hwang, Daniel H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mackey, Bruce E.] ARS, USDA, Pacific West Area, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Zhao, Ling] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gouffon, Julia S.] Univ Tennessee, UT Affymetrix Core Facil, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Zunino, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM susan.zunino@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Current Research Information System project [5306-51530-013-00D, 5306-51530-018-00D]; California Strawberry Commission, Watsonville, CA, USA FX The present study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Current Research Information System project no. 5306-51530-013-00D and 5306-51530-018-00D, and a grant from the California Strawberry Commission, Watsonville, CA, USA. S. J. Z. was a member of the scientific advisory committee for the California Strawberry Commission during the study period. The authors' contributions were as follows: S. J. Z. and D. H. H. designed the research; D. H. S., T. L. F and L. Z. conducted the research; S. J. Z., B. E. M., J. S. G. and L. Z. analysed the data; S. J. Z. wrote the paper with input from all authors and had primary responsibility for final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The authors report no conflict of interest. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD DEC 14 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 11 BP 2011 EP 2019 DI 10.1017/S0007114513000937 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 298SX UT WOS:000330345900010 PM 23597267 ER PT J AU Sullivan, RR Faris, BR Eborn, D Grieger, DM Cino-Ozuna, AG Rozell, TG AF Sullivan, Rachael R. Faris, Brian R. Eborn, Douglas Grieger, David M. Cino-Ozuna, Ada G. Rozell, Timothy G. TI Follicular expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptor variants in the ewe SO REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FSH receptor; Follicle development; Ewe; CIDR; Alternate splicing ID TESTICULAR FOLLITROPIN RECEPTOR; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; OVARIAN-FOLLICLES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENE-EXPRESSION; GRANULOSA-CELLS; ESTROUS-CYCLE; I RECEPTOR; GROWTH; FLUID AB Background: Several alternatively-spliced mRNA transcripts of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) have been identified in sheep, including FSHR-1 (G protein-coupled form), FSHR-2 (dominant negative form), and FSHR-3 (growth factor type-1 form). Our objective was to determine which of these variants is predominantly expressed in follicles collected from ewes at various times after estrus. Methods: Suffolk-cross ewes (n = 8) were allowed to come into estrus naturally and were euthanized 24 (n = 3), 36 (n = 3), or 48 (n = 2) hours after the onset of estrus. All visible follicles were measured, aspirated and pooled according to follicular diameter: small (<= 2.0 mm), medium (2.1-4.0 mm), large (4.1-6.0 mm), and preovulatory (> = 6.1 mm). Aspirated cells were separated from follicular fluid by centrifugation. Total RNA was extracted from cell pellets and reverse transcribed. The resulting cDNA was subjected to qPCR, using primer sets designed to amplify each variant specifically. Gene expression was normalized to that of beta-actin within samples, and compared by analysis of variance with the level of significant differences set at p <.05. Results: Relative expression of FSHR-3 exceeded that of both FSHR-1 and FSHR-2 in medium follicles, and tended to be higher in small follicles (p =.09) regardless of time after onset of estrus, and thus results from different time points were pooled. Expression of FSHR-3 was greater than that of FSHR-2 and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) in small and medium follicles. Expression of LHR was greatest in preovulatory follicles. Conclusions: These experiments show that in addition to the well characterized G protein-coupled form of the FSHR, alternatively spliced variants of the FSHR may participate in follicular dynamics during follicular waves of the sheep estrous cycle. Furthermore, these results indicate that an "alternatively" spliced form of the FSHR (FSHR-3) is the predominant form of the FSHR in the sheep. C1 [Sullivan, Rachael R.] Kansas State Univ, Biosecur Res Inst, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Faris, Brian R.; Grieger, David M.; Rozell, Timothy G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Eborn, Douglas] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Cino-Ozuna, Ada G.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Rozell, TG (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM trozell@k-state.edu NR 25 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 18 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1477-7827 J9 REPROD BIOL ENDOCRIN JI Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. PD DEC 14 PY 2013 VL 11 AR 113 DI 10.1186/1477-7827-11-113 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology GA 282MM UT WOS:000329175900001 PM 24330584 ER PT J AU Hackenberg, M Shi, BJ Gustafson, P Langridge, P AF Hackenberg, Michael Shi, Bu-Jun Gustafson, Perry Langridge, Peter TI Characterization of phosphorus-regulated miR399 and miR827 and their isomirs in barley under phosphorus-sufficient and phosphorus-deficient conditions SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barley; Phosphorus; miR399; miR827; Isomir; Antisense; Targets; Differential expression ID SMALL RNAS; PHOSPHATE-STARVATION; MICRORNA PRECURSORS; KINETIC-PROPERTIES; STRESS RESPONSES; MATURE MICRORNAS; SIRNA BIOGENESIS; NUTRIENT STRESS; ARABIDOPSIS; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: miR399 and miR827 are both involved in conserved phosphorus (P) deficiency signalling pathways. miR399 targets the PHO2 gene encoding E2 enzyme that negatively regulates phosphate uptake and root-to-shoot allocation, while miR827 targets SPX-domain-containing genes that negatively regulate other P-responsive genes. However, the response of miR399 and miR827 to P conditions in barley has not been investigated. Results: In this study, we investigated the expression profiles of miR399 and miR827 in barley (Hordeum vulagre L.) under P-deficient and P-sufficient conditions. We identified 10 members of the miR399 family and one miR827 gene in barley, all of which were significantly up-regulated under deficient P. In addition, we found many isomirs of the miR399 family and miR827, most of which were also significantly up-regulated under deficient P. Several isomirs of miR399 members were found to be able to cleave their predicted targets in vivo. Surprisingly, a few small RNAs (sRNAs) derived from the single-stranded loops of the hairpin structures of MIR399b and MIR399e-1 were also found to be able to cleave their predicted targets in vivo. Many antisense sRNAs of miR399 and a few for miR827 were also detected, but they did not seem to be regulated by P. Intriguingly, the lowest expressed member, hvu-miR399k, had four-fold more antisense sRNAs than sense sRNAs, and furthermore under P sufficiency, the antisense sRNAs are more frequent than the sense sRNAs. We identified a potential regulatory network among miR399, its target HvPHO2 and target mimics HvIPS1 and HvIPS2 in barley under P-deficient and P-sufficient conditions. Conclusions: Our data provide an important insight into the mechanistic regulation and function of miR399, miR827 and their isomirs in barley under different P conditions. C1 [Hackenberg, Michael] Univ Granada, Dept Genet, Computat Genom & Bioinformat Grp, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Shi, Bu-Jun; Langridge, Peter] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia. [Gustafson, Perry] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Shi, BJ (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia. RI Hackenberg, Michael/A-2503-2009; Langridge, Peter/G-5864-2010 OI Hackenberg, Michael/0000-0003-2248-3114; Langridge, Peter/0000-0001-9494-400X FU Australian Research Council; Grains Research and Development Corporation; South Australian Government FX The authors wish to thank Chunyuan Huang for providing plant materials and Ursula Langridge, Hui Zhou, Yuan Li, Margaret Pallotta and Bryce Shi for providing technical assistance. The authors also thank Dr. Julie Hayes for her careful reading of the manuscript. This work was funded by the Australian Research Council, the Grains Research and Development Corporation and the South Australian Government. NR 88 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 36 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD DEC 13 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 214 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-214 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 281GX UT WOS:000329089100001 PM 24330740 ER PT J AU Anderson, RA Qin, BL Canini, F Poulet, L Roussel, AM AF Anderson, Richard A. Qin, Bolin Canini, Frederic Poulet, Laurent Roussel, Anne Marie TI Cinnamon Counteracts the Negative Effects of a High Fat/High Fructose Diet on Behavior, Brain Insulin Signaling and Alzheimer-Associated Changes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR EXPRESSION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HIGH-FAT DIET; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; MEMORY FORMATION; AMYLOID-BETA; OLDER-ADULTS; MALE RATS; DISEASE; EXTRACT AB Insulin resistance leads to memory impairment. Cinnamon (CN) improves peripheral insulin resistance but its effects in the brain are not known. Changes in behavior, insulin signaling and Alzheimer-associated mRNA expression in the brain were measured in male Wistar rats fed a high fat/high fructose (HF/HFr) diet to induce insulin resistance, with or without CN, for 12 weeks. There was a decrease in insulin sensitivity associated with the HF/HFr diet that was reversed by CN. The CN fed rats were more active in a Y maze test than rats fed the control and HF/HFr diets. The HF/HFr diet fed rats showed greater anxiety in an elevated plus maze test that was lessened by feeding CN. The HF/HFr diet also led to a down regulation of the mRNA coding for GLUT1 and GLUT3 that was reversed by CN in the hippocampus and cortex. There were increases in Insr, Irs1 and Irs2 mRNA in the hippocampus and cortex due to the HF/HFr diet that were not reversed by CN. Increased peripheral insulin sensitivity was also associated with increased glycogen synthase in both hippocampus and cortex in the control and HF/HFr diet animals fed CN. The HF/HFr diet induced increases in mRNA associated with Alzheimers including PTEN, Tau and amyloid precursor protein (App) were also alleviated by CN. In conclusion, these data suggest that the negative effects of a HF/HFr diet on behavior, brain insulin signaling and Alzheimer-associated changes were alleviated by CN suggesting that neuroprotective effects of CN are associated with improved whole body insulin sensitivity and related changes in the brain. C1 [Anderson, Richard A.; Qin, Bolin] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Qin, Bolin] Integr Nutraceut Int, Springhill, TN USA. [Canini, Frederic; Poulet, Laurent] Army Inst Res Biol, Grenoble, France. [Poulet, Laurent; Roussel, Anne Marie] Univ Grenoble 1, Natl Inst Hlth, Grenoble, France. [Canini, Frederic] Ecole Val de Grace, Paris, France. RP Anderson, RA (reprint author), ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM Richard.anderson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS/USA [CRADA:58-3K95-7-1184]; French National Agency for Research [PNRA 007] FX The work was funded by USDA/ARS/USA CRADA:58-3K95-7-1184 and French National Agency for Research (PNRA 007). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 13 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR UNSP e83243 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083243 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276FP UT WOS:000328734200070 PM 24349472 ER PT J AU Zhou, LJ Powell, CA Li, WB Irey, M Duan, YP AF Zhou, Lijuan Powell, Charles A. Li, Wenbin Irey, Mike Duan, Yongping TI Prophage-Mediated Dynamics of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' Populations, the Destructive Bacterial Pathogens of Citrus Huanglongbing SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GREENING DISEASE; PROKARYOTIC GENOMES; GENE-TRANSFER; DIVERSITY; BACTERIOPHAGES; MYCOBACTERIOPHAGES; PROTEOBACTERIA; IDENTIFICATION; METAGENOMICS; SEQUENCES AB Prophages are highly dynamic components in the bacterial genome and play an important role in intraspecies variations. There are at least two prophages in the chromosomes of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las) Floridian isolates. Las is both unculturable and the most prevalent species of Liberibacter pathogens that cause huanglongbing (HLB), a worldwide destructive disease of citrus. In this study, seven new prophage variants resulting from two hyper-variable regions were identified by screening clone libraries of infected citrus, periwinkle and psyllids. Among them, Types A and B share highly conserved sequences and localize within the two prophages, FP1 and FP2, respectively. Although Types B and C were abundant in all three libraries, Type A was much more abundant in the libraries from the Las-infected psyllids than from the Las-infected plants, and Type D was only identified in libraries from the infected host plants but not from the infected psyllids. Sequence analysis of these variants revealed that the variations may result from recombination and rearrangement events. Conventional PCR results using type-specific molecular markers indicated that A, B, C and D are the four most abundant types in Las-infected citrus and periwinkle. However, only three types, A, B and C are abundant in Las-infected psyllids. Typing results for Las-infected citrus field samples indicated that mixed populations of Las bacteria present in Floridian isolates, but only the Type D population was correlated with the blotchy mottle symptom. Extended cloning and sequencing of the Type D region revealed a third prophage/phage in the Las genome, which may derive from the recombination of FP1 and FP2. Dramatic variations in these prophage regions were also found among the global Las isolates. These results are the first to demonstrate the prophage/phage-mediated dynamics of Las populations in plant and insect hosts, and their correlation with insect transmission and disease development. C1 [Zhou, Lijuan; Duan, Yongping] ARS, Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Zhou, Lijuan; Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Li, Wenbin] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Irey, Mike] US Sugar Corp, Southern Garden Citrus, Clewiston, FL USA. RP Duan, YP (reprint author), ARS, Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM yongping.duan@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation [162, 310] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation awards 162 and 310. http://citrusrdf.org/. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 13 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e82248 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0082248 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276FP UT WOS:000328734200033 PM 24349235 ER PT J AU Porto-Neto, LR Sonstegard, TS Liu, GE Bickhart, DM Da Silva, MVB Machado, MA Utsunomiya, YT Garcia, JF Gondro, C Van Tassell, CP AF Porto-Neto, Laercio R. Sonstegard, Tad S. Liu, George E. Bickhart, Derek M. Da Silva, Marcos V. B. Machado, Marco A. Utsunomiya, Yuri T. Garcia, Jose F. Gondro, Cedric Van Tassell, Curtis P. TI Genomic divergence of zebu and taurine cattle identified through high-density SNP genotyping SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bos; Taurus; Indicus; FST; Selection; Speciation ID MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; DOMESTIC CATTLE; BEEF-CATTLE; BOS-TAURUS; POPULATION; SIGNATURES; TRAITS; BREEDS; CHROMOSOME AB Background: Natural selection has molded evolution across all taxa. At an arguable date of around 330,000 years ago there were already at least two different types of cattle that became ancestors of nearly all modern cattle, the Bos taurus taurus more adapted to temperate climates and the tropically adapted Bos taurus indicus. After domestication, human selection exponentially intensified these differences. To better understand the genetic differences between these subspecies and detect genomic regions potentially under divergent selection, animals from the International Bovine HapMap Experiment were genotyped for over 770,000 SNP across the genome and compared using smoothed F-ST. The taurine sample was represented by ten breeds and the contrasting zebu cohort by three breeds. Results: Each cattle group evidenced similar numbers of polymorphic markers well distributed across the genome. Principal components analyses and unsupervised clustering confirmed the well-characterized main division of domestic cattle. The top 1% smoothed F-ST, potentially associated to positive selection, contained 48 genomic regions across 17 chromosomes. Nearly half of the top F-ST signals (n = 22) were previously detected using a lower density SNP assay. Amongst the strongest signals were the BTA7:similar to 50 Mb and BTA14:similar to 25 Mb; both regions harboring candidate genes and different patterns of linkage disequilibrium that potentially represent intrinsic differences between cattle types. The bottom 1% of the smoothed F-ST values, potentially associated to balancing selection, included 24 regions across 13 chromosomes. These regions often overlap with copy number variants, including the highly variable region at BTA23:similar to 24 Mb that harbors a large number of MHC genes. Under these regions, 318 unique Ensembl genes are annotated with a significant overrepresentation of immune related pathways. Conclusions: Genomic regions that are potentially linked to purifying or balancing selection processes in domestic cattle were identified. These regions are of particular interest to understand the natural and human selective pressures to which these subspecies were exposed to and how the genetic background of these populations evolved in response to environmental challenges and human manipulation. C1 [Porto-Neto, Laercio R.] Univ Queensland, Sch Vet Sci, Anim Genet Lab, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia. [Porto-Neto, Laercio R.; Gondro, Cedric] Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Sonstegard, Tad S.; Liu, George E.; Bickhart, Derek M.; Van Tassell, Curtis P.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Utsunomiya, Yuri T.; Garcia, Jose F.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Aracatuba, SP, Brazil. [Da Silva, Marcos V. B.; Machado, Marco A.] Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Bioinformat & Anim Genom Lab, Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil. RP Porto-Neto, LR (reprint author), CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, Brisbane, Qld 4067, Australia. EM laercio.portoneto@csiro.au; Tad.Sonstegard@ars.usda.gov RI Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/K-5214-2013; Porto-Neto, Laercio/D-2594-2012; gondro, cedric/B-4362-2010 OI Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087; Utsunomiya, Yuri Tani/0000-0002-6526-8337; Porto-Neto, Laercio/0000-0002-3536-8265; Bickhart, Derek/0000-0003-2223-9285; gondro, cedric/0000-0003-0666-656X FU Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ008196]; FAPESP [2010/52030-2]; CNPq, Brazil [475914/2010-4]; USDA Agricultural Research Service [1265-31000-104-00D]; National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35205-18846] FX The authors would like to thank the Bovine Hapmap Consortium for providing access to their genotypes and CRV Lagoa and Alta Genetics do Brasil ltda for donation of semen doses from Guzera bulls. LRPN and CG were supported by a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (No. PJ008196), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. This project was also partially supported by FAPESP (2010/52030-2) and CNPq (475914/2010-4), Brazil.; This project was supported by projects 1265-31000-104-00D (BFGL) from the USDA Agricultural Research Service. The SNP data were supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2008-35205-18846 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 42 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 13 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 876 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-876 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 275BH UT WOS:000328649800001 PM 24330634 ER PT J AU Byrdwell, WC AF Byrdwell, William Craig TI Quadruple parallel mass spectrometry for analysis of vitamin D and triacylglycerols in a dietary supplement SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Vitamin D; Cholecalciferol; Triacylglycerols; APCI-MS; ESI-MS; APPI-MS ID PRESSURE CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACID METHYL-ESTERS; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; FATTY-ACID; APCI-MS; PHOTOIONIZATION; OILS; ACETONITRILE; LIPIDS AB A "dilute-and-shoot" method for vitamin D and triacylglycerols is demonstrated that employed four mass spectrometers, operating in different ionization modes, for a "quadruple parallel mass spectrometry" analysis, plus three other detectors, for seven detectors overall. Sets of five samples of dietary supplement gelcaps labeled to contain 25.0 mu g (1000 International Units, IU) vitamin D-3 in olive oil were diluted to 100 mL and analyzed in triplicate by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry (MS), atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) MS and electrospray ionization (ESI) MS, along with an ultraviolet (UV) detector, corona charged aerosol detector (CAD), and an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD), simultaneously in parallel. UV detection allowed calculation by internal standard (IS), external standard (ES), and response factor (RF) approaches, which gave values of 0.2861 +/- 0.0044, 0.2870 +/- 0.0059, and 0.2857 +/- 0.0042 mu g/mL, respectively, which were not statistically significantly different. This indicated an average amount of vitamin D-3 of 14.5% over the label amount. APC1-MS analysis by selected ion monitoring (SIM) and two transitions of selected reaction monitoring (SRM) provided values of 0.2849 +/- 0.0055, 0.2885 +/- 0.0090, and 0.2939 +/- 0.0097 mu g/mL, respectively, relative to vitamin D-2 as the IS. The triacylglycerol (TAG) composition was determined by APCI-MS, APPI-MS and ESI-MS, and the fatty acid (FA) compositions calculated from the TAG compositions were compared to the FA composition determined by gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection (FID) of the FA methyl esters (FAME). APCI-MS provided the FA composition closest to that determined by GC-FID of the FAME. A previously reported approach to TAG response factor calculation was employed, which brought all TAG compositions into good agreement with each other, and the calculated FA compositions into excellent agreement with the FA composition determined from GC-FID of the FAME. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Byrdwell, WC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM C.Byrdwell@ars.usda.gov OI Byrdwell, William/0000-0001-8241-428X FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service. Mention or use of specific products or brands does not represent or imply endorsement by the USDA. The work of Brian Nies of Morpho Detection, Inc. (formerly Syagen Technologies, Inc.) to refurbish the APPI source for the LCQ Deca XP instrument is gratefully acknowledged. The work of Dr. Robert Goldschmidt to perform GC FAME analyses and UV, CAD and ELSD peak integration is gratefully acknowledged. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 EI 1873-3778 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD DEC 13 PY 2013 VL 1320 BP 48 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.031 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 265AM UT WOS:000327922100006 PM 24200389 ER PT J AU Luce, CH Abatzoglou, JT Holden, ZA AF Luce, C. H. Abatzoglou, J. T. Holden, Z. A. TI The Missing Mountain Water: Slower Westerlies Decrease Orographic Enhancement in the Pacific Northwest USA SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; WASHINGTON; STREAMFLOW; SNOWPACK; FLOW; SENSITIVITY; PATTERNS AB Trends in streamflow timing and volume in the Pacific Northwest United States have been attributed to increased temperatures, because trends in precipitation at lower-elevation stations were negligible. We demonstrate that observed streamflow declines are probably associated with declines in mountain precipitation, revealing previously unexplored differential trends. Lower-troposphere winter (November to March) westerlies are strongly correlated with high-elevation precipitation but weakly correlated with low-elevation precipitation. Decreases in lower-tropospheric winter westerlies across the region from 1950 to 2012 are hypothesized to have reduced orographic precipitation enhancement, yielding differential trends in precipitation across elevations and contributing to the decline in annual streamflow. Climate projections show weakened lower-troposphere zonal flow across the region under enhanced greenhouse forcing, highlighting an additional stressor that is relevant for climate change impacts on hydrology. C1 [Luce, C. H.] US Forest Serv Res & Dev, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Abatzoglou, J. T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Holden, Z. A.] US Forest Serv Reg 1, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Luce, CH (reprint author), US Forest Serv Res & Dev, 322 East Front St, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM cluce@fs.fed.us RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008; OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662; Abatzoglou, John/0000-0001-7599-9750 FU NSF's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) [EPS-0814387]; NASA [NNH11ZDA001N-FIRES] FX We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups (listed in table S1 of this paper) for producing and making available their model output. The U. S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support for CMIP and led the development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. We thank the reviewers for their comments and insights, which substantially improved the paper. J.T.A. was supported by NSF's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) (EPS-0814387). This work was partially supported by NASA through NNH11ZDA001N-FIRES. NR 37 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 43 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 13 PY 2013 VL 342 IS 6164 BP 1360 EP 1364 DI 10.1126/science.1242335 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 268UL UT WOS:000328196000048 PM 24292627 ER PT J AU Wallis, CM Wallingford, AK Chen, JC AF Wallis, Christopher M. Wallingford, Anna K. Chen, Jianchi TI Grapevine rootstock effects on scion sap phenolic levels, resistance to Xylella fastidiosa infection, and progression of Pierce's disease SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pierce's disease; Xylella fastidiosa; Vitis vinifera; rootstock; phenolics ID BIOFILM FORMATION; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; RESVERATROL; CALIFORNIA; INDUCTION; GROWTH AB The xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) causes Pierce's disease (PD), an important disease of grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. Grapevine rootstocks were developed to provide increased resistance to root disease, but rootstock effects on cane and vine diseases remain unclear. Grapevines that consisted of Cabernet Sauvignon or Chardonnay grafted to 13 different rootstocks were inoculated with Xf and evaluated for PD severity and Xf titer after 6 months. A subset of six rootstock/scion combinations had xylem sap phenolic levels assessed in non-infected and Xf-infected grapevines. Vigor also was analyzed by measuring root lengths and masses. Cabernet Sauvignon grafted to 101-14MG, 1103P 420A, or Schwarzmann had reduced PD severity compared to Cabernet Sauvignon grafted to 110R, 5BB, or SO4. Chardonnay grafted to Salt Creek or Freedom had reduced PD severity compared to Chardonnay grafted to RS3 or Schwarzmann. Chardonnay grafted to RS3 had greater Xf titer than Chardonnay grafted to 101-14MG, Freedom, or Salt Creek. No other differences in Xf titer among rootstocks were observed. Of the six scion/rootstock combinations which had xylem sap phenolics analyzed, Chardonnay/RS3 had the highest levels of most phenolics whereas Cabernet Sauvignon/101-14MG had the lowest phenolic levels. However, Chardonnay/101-14MG, which had mild PD symptoms, had greater sap levels of caftaric acid than other scion/rootstock combinations. Sap levels of caftaric acid, methyl salicylate, a procyanidin trimer, and quinic acid were greater in Xf-infected vs. non-infected grapevines. Chardonnay on 101-14MG or Salt Creek had greater root mass than Chardonnay on RS3. Cabernet Sauvignon on 101-14MG had greater root mass than Cabernet Sauvignon on 110R. These results identified rootstocks with the capacity for reducing PD symptom progression. Rootstocks also were shown to affect Xf titer, xylem sap phenolic levels, and plant vigor. C1 [Wallis, Christopher M.; Wallingford, Anna K.; Chen, Jianchi] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Wallis, CM (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM christopher.wallis@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [5302-22000-010-D] FX The authors wish to acknowledge Austin Fite, Nancy Goodell, Nancy Ayala, Brian Robles, and Greg Phillips for their assistance in execution of this work. The work was funded by an allocation made to the USDA-ARS-SJVASC, ARS project number 5302-22000-010-D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 32 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD DEC 12 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 502 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00502 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB1AD UT WOS:000331522700001 PM 24376452 ER PT J AU Nearing, GS Gupta, HV Crow, WT AF Nearing, Grey S. Gupta, Hoshin V. Crow, Wade T. TI Information loss in approximately Bayesian estimation techniques: A comparison of generative and discriminative approaches to estimating agricultural productivity SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Data assimilation; Bayesian analysis; Information theory; Agriculture monitoring; Ensemble Kalman filter; Gaussian process regression ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; NEURAL-NETWORK MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION; SOIL-MOISTURE; CROP YIELD; SATELLITE DATA; LAND-SURFACE; WHEAT YIELD; PARAMETERS AB Data assimilation and regression are two commonly used methods for combining models and remote sensing observations to estimate agricultural productivity. Data assimilation is a generative approach because it requires explicit approximations of a Bayesian prior and likelihood to compute a probability density function of biomass conditional on observations, and regression is discriminative because it models the conditional biomass density function directly. Both of these methods typically approximate Bayes' law and therefore cannot be expected to be perfectly efficient at extracting information from remote sensing observations. In this paper we measure information in observations using Shannon's theory and define missing information, used information, and bad information as partial divergences from the true Bayesian posterior (biomass conditional on observations). These concepts were applied to directly measure the amount and quality of information about end-of-season biomass extracted from observations by the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and Gaussian process regression (GPR). Results suggest that the simpler discriminative approach can be as efficient as the more complex generative approach in terms of extracting high quality information from observations, and may therefore be better suited to dealing with the practical problems associated with remote sensed data (e.g., sub-footprint scale heterogeneity). Our method for analyzing information use has many potential applications: approximations of Bayes' law are used regularly in predictive models of environmental systems of all kinds, and the efficiency of such approximations has heretofore not been directly measured. (C) 2013 Elsevier BAT. All rights reserved. C1 [Nearing, Grey S.; Gupta, Hoshin V.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Crow, Wade T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, West Beltsville, MD USA. RP Nearing, GS (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, 1133 E Rogers Way,Harshbarger Bldg,Rm 122, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM grey@email.arizona.edu; hoshin.gupta@hwr.arizona.edu; wade.crow@ars.usda.gov RI Gupta, Hoshin/D-1642-2010 OI Gupta, Hoshin/0000-0001-9855-2839 FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology program entitled Ecological and agricultural productivity forecasting using root-zone soil moisture products derived from the NASA SMAP mission FX This work was supported by a grant from the NASA Terrestrial Ecology program entitled Ecological and agricultural productivity forecasting using root-zone soil moisture products derived from the NASA SMAP mission; principal investigator Wade T. Crow. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD DEC 12 PY 2013 VL 507 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.10.029 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 300UY UT WOS:000330490700014 ER PT J AU Xu, JH Strange, JP Welker, DL James, RR AF Xu, Junhuan Strange, James P. Welker, Dennis L. James, Rosalind R. TI Detoxification and stress response genes expressed in a western North American bumble bee, Bombus huntii (Hymenoptera: Apidae) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bees; Bombus huntii; Bumble bees; Detoxification genes; Transcriptome ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; HONEY-BEE; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; DETOXIFYING ENZYMES; INDUCTION; TOXICITY; ACETYLTRANSFERASE AB Background: The Hunt bumble bee (Bombus huntii Greene, Hymenoptera: Apidae) is a holometabolous, social insect important as a pollinator in natural and agricultural ecosystems in western North America. Bumble bees spend a significant amount of time foraging on a wide variety of flowering plants, and this activity exposes them to both plant toxins and pesticides, posing a threat to individual and colony survival. Little is known about what detoxification pathways are active in bumble bees, how the expression of detoxification genes changes across life stages, or how the number of detoxification genes expressed in B. huntii compares to other insects. Results: We found B. huntii expressed at least 584 genes associated with detoxification and stress responses. The expression levels of some of these genes, such as those encoding the cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and glycosidases, vary among different life stages to a greater extent than do other genes. We also found that the number of P450s, GSTs and esterase genes expressed by B. huntii is similar to the number of these genes found in the genomes of other bees, namely Bombus terrestris, Bombus impatiens, Apis mellifera and Megachile rotundata, but many fewer than are found in the fly Drosophila melanogaster. Conclusions: Bombus huntii has transcripts for a large number of detoxification and stress related proteins, including oxidation and reduction enzymes, conjugation enzymes, hydrolytic enzymes, ABC transporters, cadherins, and heat shock proteins. The diversity of genes expressed within some detoxification pathways varies among the life stages and castes, and we typically identified more genes in the adult females than in larvae, pupae, or adult males, for most pathways. Meanwhile, we found the numbers of detoxification and stress genes expressed by B. huntii to be more similar to other bees than to the fruit fly. The low number of detoxification genes, first noted in the honey bee, appears to be a common phenomenon among bees, and perhaps results from their symbiotic relationship with plants. Many flowering plants benefit from pollinators, and thus offer these insects rewards (such as nectar) rather than defensive plant toxins. C1 [Xu, Junhuan; Welker, Dennis L.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, North Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Strange, James P.; James, Rosalind R.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP James, RR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Rosalind.James@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects-Biology, Management and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT FX We thank M. Berenbaum (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) for reviewing a draft of this manuscript, and J. Knoblett for technical assistance in obtaining the bees. This work was funded by the USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects-Biology, Management and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT. NR 68 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 82 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 12 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 874 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-874 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 285AC UT WOS:000329363700002 PM 24330608 ER PT J AU Neto, JRCF Pandolfi, V Guimaraes, FCM Benko-Iseppon, AM Romero, C Silva, RLD Rodrigues, FA Abdelnoor, RV Nepomuceno, AL Kido, EA AF Ferreira Neto, Jose Ribamar Costa Pandolfi, Valesca Marcelino Guimaraes, Francismar Correa Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria Romero, Cynara de Oliveira Silva, Roberta Lane Rodrigues, Fabiana Aparecida Abdelnoor, Ricardo Vilela Nepomuceno, Alexandre Lima Kido, Ederson Akio TI Early Transcriptional Response of Soybean Contrasting Accessions to Root Dehydration SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID STRESS-INDUCED CHANGES; BETA-AMYLASE ACTIVITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; DROUGHT-STRESS; ABSCISIC-ACID; WATER-STRESS; XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLYCOSYLASE; ABIOTIC STRESS; GLYCINE-MAX; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE AB Drought is a significant constraint to yield increase in soybean. The early perception of water deprivation is critical for recruitment of genes that promote plant tolerance. DeepSuperSAGE libraries, including one control and a bulk of six stress times imposed (from 25 to 150 min of root dehydration) for drought-tolerant and sensitive soybean accessions, allowed to identify new molecular targets for drought tolerance. The survey uncovered 120,770 unique transcripts expressed by the contrasting accessions. Of these, 57,610 aligned with known cDNA sequences, allowing the annotation of 32,373 unitags. A total of 1,127 unitags were up-regulated only in the tolerant accession, whereas 1,557 were up-regulated in both as compared to their controls. An expression profile concerning the most representative Gene Ontology (GO) categories for the tolerant accession revealed the expression "protein binding" as the most represented for "Molecular Function", whereas CDPK and CBL were the most up-regulated protein families in this category. Furthermore, particular genes expressed different isoforms according to the accession, showing the potential to operate in the distinction of physiological behaviors. Besides, heat maps comprising GO categories related to abiotic stress response and the unitags regulation observed in the expression contrasts covering tolerant and sensitive accessions, revealed the unitags potential for plant breeding. Candidate genes related to "hormone response" (LOX, ERF1b, XET), "water response" (PUB, BMY), "salt stress response" (WRKY, MYB) and "oxidative stress response" (PER) figured among the most promising molecular targets. Additionally, nine transcripts (HMGR, XET, WRKY20, RAP2-4, EREBP, NAC3, PER, GPX5 and BMY) validated by RT-qPCR (four different time points) confirmed their differential expression and pointed that already after 25 minutes a transcriptional reorganization started in response to the new condition, with important differences between both accessions. C1 [Ferreira Neto, Jose Ribamar Costa; de Oliveira Silva, Roberta Lane; Kido, Ederson Akio] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Genet, Mol Genet Lab, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Pandolfi, Valesca; Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Genet, Lab Genet & Vegetal Biotechnol, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Marcelino Guimaraes, Francismar Correa; Romero, Cynara; Rodrigues, Fabiana Aparecida; Abdelnoor, Ricardo Vilela] Brazilian Enterprise Agr Res Embrapa Soybean, Londrina, Brazil. [Nepomuceno, Alexandre Lima] ARS, LABEX Plant Biotechnol, USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA USA. RP Kido, EA (reprint author), Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Genet, Mol Genet Lab, Recife, PE, Brazil. EM kido.ufpe@gmail.com RI Kido, Ederson/E-2489-2016; Pandolfi, Valesca/L-1637-2016 OI Kido, Ederson/0000-0001-5484-993X; Pandolfi, Valesca/0000-0003-2283-5669 FU CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil); Edital CT-Agronegocio/MCT/CNPq-Genosoja [38/2007]; JRCFN; FACEPE (The Foundation for Science and Technology of Pernambuco State FX This work was supported by the following Brazilian funding agencies: CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil; http://www.cnpq.br/; Edital CT-Agronegocio/MCT/CNPq-Genosoja-no 38/2007), responsible for the financial support for all the experimental assays and fellowship (JRCFN); FACEPE (The Foundation for Science and Technology of Pernambuco State; http://www.facepe.br) for the RLOS's fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 124 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 34 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 12 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR UNSP e83466 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083466 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276EU UT WOS:000328731800120 ER PT J AU Hou, XL Cao, SJ Lu, Y Wu, YL Beier, RC Sun, YJ AF Hou, Xiaolin Cao, Shoujun Lu, Yan Wu, Yinliang Beier, Ross C. Sun, Yingjian TI AN ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY FOR DETERMINATION OF DICYCLANIL IN ANIMAL TISSUE SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Animal tissues; Dicyclanil; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Polyclonal antibodies AB Dicyclanil is a toxic, pyrimidine-derived insect growth regulator used in veterinary medicine for the prevention of myiasis. A competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed firstly for the determination of dicyclanil in animal tissue. The antigen was prepared using the glutaraldehyde method and polyclonal antibodies were obtained by immunizing rabbits with a dicyclanil-bovine serum albumin conjugate. The antibody obtained was specific for dicyclanil with an IC50 of 9ng/mL. Recoveries from sheep tissue and liquid milk were in the range of 52.5-72.4%, with coefficients of variation between 4.7% and 11.9%. The results were further confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. C1 [Hou, Xiaolin; Lu, Yan; Sun, Yingjian] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Cao, Shoujun] Beijing Vocat Coll Agr, Dept Anim Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wu, Yinliang] Ningbo Acad Agr Sci, Ningbo, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Sun, YJ (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM yjsun51@sina.com FU Project for Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning under the Jurisdiction of the Beijing Municipality (PHR); National Eleventh Five-Year Scientific and Technological Support Plan [2011BAD34B01] FX This research was supported in part by the Project for Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning under the Jurisdiction of the Beijing Municipality (PHR), and the National Eleventh Five-Year Scientific and Technological Support Plan (2011BAD34B01). NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-2719 EI 1532-236X J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PD DEC 12 PY 2013 VL 46 IS 18 BP 2870 EP 2878 DI 10.1080/00032719.2013.816961 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 254QN UT WOS:000327180300007 ER PT J AU Franklin, AB VerCauteren, KC Maguire, H Cichon, MK Fischer, JW Lavelle, MJ Powell, A Root, JJ Scallan, E AF Franklin, Alan B. VerCauteren, Kurt C. Maguire, Hugh Cichon, Mary K. Fischer, Justin W. Lavelle, Michael J. Powell, Amber Root, J. Jeffrey Scallan, Elaine TI Wild Ungulates as Disseminators of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Urban Areas SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; UNITED-STATES; O157-H7; INFECTIONS; PATHOGENS; ILLNESS; INTIMIN; STRAINS; SAMPLES; GENES AB Background: In 2008, children playing on a soccer field in Colorado were sickened with a strain of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, which was ultimately linked to feces from wild Rocky Mountain elk. We addressed whether wild cervids were a potential source of STEC infections in humans and whether STEC was ubiquitous throughout wild cervid populations in Colorado. Methodology/Principal Findings: We collected 483 fecal samples from Rocky Mountain elk and mule deer in urban and non-urban areas. Samples testing positive for STEC were higher in urban (11.0%) than non-urban (1.6%) areas. Elk fecal samples in urban areas had a much higher probability of containing STEC, which increased in both urban and non-urban areas as maximum daily temperature increased. Of the STEC-positive samples, 25% contained stx1 strains, 34.3% contained stx2, and 13% contained both stx1 and stx2. Additionally, eaeA genes were detected in 54.1% of the positive samples. Serotypes O103, and O146 were found in elk and deer feces, which also have the potential to cause human illness. Conclusions/Significance: The high incidence of stx2 strains combined with eaeA and E-hyl genes that we found in wild cervid feces is associated with severe human disease, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. This is of concern because there is a very close physical interface between elk and humans in urban areas that we sampled. In addition, we found a strong relationship between ambient temperature and incidence of STEC in elk feces, suggesting a higher incidence of STEC in elk feces in public areas on warmer days, which in turn may increase the likelihood that people will come in contact with infected feces. These concerns also have implications to other urban areas where high densities of coexisting wild cervids and humans interact on a regular basis. C1 [Franklin, Alan B.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.; Fischer, Justin W.; Lavelle, Michael J.; Root, J. Jeffrey] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Maguire, Hugh; Cichon, Mary K.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Lab Serv Div, Denver, CO USA. [Powell, Amber] Natl Jewish Hlth, Div Biostat & Bioinformat, Denver, CO USA. [Scallan, Elaine] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. RP Franklin, AB (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM alan.b.franklin@aphis.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture. The manuscript was reviewed for general policy statements committing the USDA to action, but otherwise the findings were independently developed by the authors. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 11 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e81512 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0081512 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 276EG UT WOS:000328730300033 PM 24349083 ER PT J AU Wang, JB Bozan, O Kwon, SJ Dang, T Rucker, T Yokomi, RK Lee, RF Folimonova, SY Krueger, RR Bash, J Greer, G Diaz, J Serna, R Vidalakis, G AF Wang, Jinbo Bozan, Orhan Kwon, Sun-Jung Dang, Tyler Rucker, Tavia Yokomi, Raymond K. Lee, Richard F. Folimonova, Svetlana Y. Krueger, Robert R. Bash, John Greer, Greg Diaz, James Serna, Ramon Vidalakis, Georgios TI Past and future of a century old Citrus tristeza virus collection: a California citrus germplasm tale SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioindexing; diversity; stem pitting; seedling yellows; virus exclusion ID GLOBAL COLLECTION; MIXED INFECTIONS; EVOLUTION; GENOTYPE; SEQUENCE; ISOLATE; CLOSTEROVIRUSES; SUPERINFECTION; VARIANTS; STRAINS AB Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates collected from citrus germplasm, dooryard and field trees in California from 1914 have been maintained in planta under quarantine in the Citrus Clonal Protection Program (CCPP), Riverside, California. This collection, therefore, represents populations of CTV isolates obtained over time and space in California. To determine CTV genetic diversity in this context, genotypes of CTV isolates from the CCPP collection were characterized using multiple molecular markers (MMM). Genotypes T30, VT, and T36 were found at high frequencies with T30 and T30+VT genotypes being the most abundant. The MMM analysis did not identify T3 and B165/168 genotypes; however, biological and phylogenetic analysis suggested some relationships of CCPP CTV isolates with these two genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of the CTV coat protein (CP) gene sequences classified the tested isolates into seven distinct clades. Five clades were in association with the standard CTV genotypes T30, T36, T3, VT, and B165/T68. The remaining two identified clades were not related to any standard CTV genotypes. Spatiotemporal analysis indicated a trend of reduced genotype and phylogenetic diversity as well as virulence from southern California (SC) at early (1907-1957) in comparison to that of central California (CC) isolates collected from later (1957-2009) time periods. CTV biological characterization also indicated a reduced number and less virulent stem pitting (SP) CTV isolates compared to seedling yellows isolates introduced to California. This data provides a historical insight of the introduction, movement, and genetic diversity of CTV in California and provides genetic and biological information useful for CTV quarantine, eradication, and disease management strategies such as CTV-SP cross protection. C1 [Wang, Jinbo; Kwon, Sun-Jung; Dang, Tyler; Rucker, Tavia; Bash, John; Greer, Greg; Diaz, James; Serna, Ramon; Vidalakis, Georgios] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Bozan, Orhan] Cukurova Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Adana, Turkey. [Yokomi, Raymond K.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. [Lee, Richard F.; Krueger, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA USA. [Folimonova, Svetlana Y.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Vidalakis, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM georgios.vidalakis@ucr.edu FU California Department of Food and Agriculture [10005]; Citrus Research Board [5300-147, 5100-147, 6100] FX The authors are grateful to all past and current CCPP personnel for their dedicated work and especially for creating and maintaining the in planta CTV collection through time. We would like to thank Chester Roistacher, Mark Hilf, and Stephen Garnsey for their comments and assistance with the manuscript. We also thank Karen Xu (Statistical Consulting Collaboratory, UCR) for her advice with the statistical analysis. This work was partially supported by a specialty crop block grant (SCB 10005) from the California Department of Food and Agriculture and the Citrus Research Board (5300-147, 5100-147, and 6100). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD DEC 10 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 366 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00366 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AB1JB UT WOS:000331546200001 PM 24339822 ER PT J AU Bellaloui, N Gillen, AM Mengistu, A Kebede, H Fisher, DK Smith, JR Reddy, KN AF Bellaloui, Nacer Gillen, Anne M. Mengistu, Alemu Kebede, Hirut Fisher, Daniel K. Smith, James R. Reddy, Krishna N. TI Responses of nitrogen metabolism and seed nutrition to drought stress in soybean genotypes differing in slow-wilting phenotype SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soybean; seed nutrition; seed composition; slow-wilting; drought tolerance ID FOLIAR BORON APPLICATION; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; AZOMETHINE-H METHOD; NITRATE REDUCTASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PRODUCTION SYSTEM; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; PLANTS; GROWTH AB Recent advances in soybean breeding have resulted in genotypes that express the slow-wilting phenotype (trait) under drought stress conditions. The physiological mechanisms of this trait remain unknown due to the complexity of trait x environment interactions. The objective of this research was to investigate nitrogen metabolism and leaf and seed nutrients composition of the slow-wilting soybean genotypes under drought stress conditions. A repeated greenhouse experiment was conducted using check genotypes: NC-Roy (fast wilting), Boggs (intermediate in wilting); and NTCPR94-5157 and N04-9646 (slow-wilting, SLVV) genotypes. Plants were either well-watered or drought stressed. Results showed that under well-watered conditions, nitrogen fixation (NF), nitrogen assimilation (NA), and leaf and seed composition differed between genotypes. Under drought stress, NF and NA were higher in NTCPR94-5157 and N04-9646 than in NC-Roy and Boggs. Under severe water stress, however, NA was low in all genotypes. Leaf water potential was significantly lower in checks (-2.00 MPa) than in the SLVV genotypes (-1.68 MPa). Leaf and seed concentrations of K, P Ca, Cu, Na, B were higher in SLVV genotypes than in the checks under drought stress conditions. Seed protein, oleic acid, and sugars were higher in SLVV genotypes, and oil, linoleic and linolenic acids were lower in SLVV genotypes. This research demonstrated that K, P Ca, Cu, Na, and B may be involved in SLVV trait by maintaining homeostasis and osmotic regulation. Maintaining higher leaf water potential in NTCPR94-5157 and N04-9646 under drought stress could be a possible water conservation mechanism to maintain leaf turgor pressure. The increase in osmoregulators such as minerals, raffinose, and stachyose, and oleic acid could be beneficial for soybean breeders in selecting for drought stress tolerance. C1 [Bellaloui, Nacer; Gillen, Anne M.; Smith, James R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Mengistu, Alemu] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN USA. [Kebede, Hirut; Fisher, Daniel K.; Reddy, Krishna N.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bellaloui, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM nacer.bellaloui@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6402-21220-012-00D] FX We thank Dr. Thomas E. Carter for consultation and for providing us with seeds for the checks and the slow-wilting soybean genotypes used in this study. We also thank Sandra Mosley for assistance in performing laboratory procedures. This research was funded by United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service project number 6402-21220-012-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 72 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 42 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD DEC 10 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 498 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00498 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB0ZV UT WOS:000331521900001 PM 24339829 ER PT J AU Jennings, DE Gould, JR Vandenberg, JD Duan, JJ Shrewsbury, PM AF Jennings, David E. Gould, Juli R. Vandenberg, John D. Duan, Jian J. Shrewsbury, Paula M. TI Quantifying the Impact of Woodpecker Predation on Population Dynamics of the Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; HYMENOPTERA EULOPHIDAE; PARASITOIDS ATTACKING; FORAGING ECOLOGY; NORTH-AMERICAN; BIOTIC FACTORS; NESTING BIRDS; INVASION; FOREST; PENNSYLVANIA AB The emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis, is an invasive beetle that has killed millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) since it was accidentally introduced to North America in the 1990s. Understanding how predators such as woodpeckers (Picidae) affect the population dynamics of EAB should enable us to more effectively manage the spread of this beetle, and toward this end we combined two experimental approaches to elucidate the relative importance of woodpecker predation on EAB populations. First, we examined wild populations of EAB in ash trees in New York, with each tree having a section screened to exclude woodpeckers. Second, we established experimental cohorts of EAB in ash trees in Maryland, and the cohorts on half of these trees were caged to exclude woodpeckers. The following spring these trees were debarked and the fates of the EAB larvae were determined. We found that trees from which woodpeckers were excluded consistently had significantly lower levels of predation, and that woodpecker predation comprised a greater source of mortality at sites with a more established wild infestation of EAB. Additionally, there was a considerable difference between New York and Maryland in the effect that woodpecker predation had on EAB population growth, suggesting that predation alone may not be a substantial factor in controlling EAB. In our experimental cohorts we also observed that trees from which woodpeckers were excluded had a significantly higher level of parasitism. The lower level of parasitism on EAB larvae found when exposed to woodpeckers has implications for EAB biological control, suggesting that it might be prudent to exclude woodpeckers from trees when attempting to establish parasitoid populations. Future studies may include utilizing EAB larval cohorts with a range of densities to explore the functional response of woodpeckers. C1 [Jennings, David E.; Shrewsbury, Paula M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gould, Juli R.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Buzzards Bay, MA USA. [Vandenberg, John D.] ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. [Duan, Jian J.] ARS, USDA, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE USA. RP Jennings, DE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dejennin@umd.edu OI Jennings, David/0000-0001-7179-3069 FU USDA-ARS [58-1926-1-167]; University of Maryland FX This research was supported by the USDA-ARS under the Specific Cooperative Agreement (#58-1926-1-167) with the University of Maryland. No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 51 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e83491 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083491 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 275VD UT WOS:000328705200129 PM 24349520 ER PT J AU Bai, C Liu, LP Wood, BW AF Bai, Cheng Liu, Liping Wood, Bruce W. TI Nickel affects xylem Sap RNase a and converts RNase A to a urease SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Urea; Pecan; Xylem sap; Ribonuclease; Nickel; Nitrogen cycling ID RIBONUCLEASE-A SUPERFAMILY; PROTEASE ACTIVITIES; AMINO-ACIDS; DEFICIENCY; PLANTS; PECAN; PURIFICATION; ENZYME; ASSAY AB Background: Nickel (Ni) is an essential micronutrient; however, its metabolic or physiological functions in plants and animals are largely uncharacterized. The ribonucleases (RNase, e. g., RNase A) are a large family of hydrolases found in one form or many forms facilitating nitrogen (N) cycling. It is currently unknown how either a deficiency or excess of Ni influences the functionality of ribonucleases, like RNase A. This is especially true for perennial crops possessing relatively high Ni requirements. Results: We report that the 'rising' xylem sap of pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch, a long-lived tree] at bud break contains a 14 kDa RNase A (aka, RNase 1), which amount has a 33% greater in Ni-deficient as in Ni-sufficient trees when exposed to Ni ions exhibits ureolytic activity. The homologous 13.4 kDa bovine pancreatic RNase A likewise exhibits ureolytic activity upon exposure to Ni ions. Ni therefore affects enzymatic function of a typically non-metalloenzyme, such as it transforms to an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing a linear amide; thus, converting an endonuclease esterase into a urease. Conclusions: We conclude that Ni potentially affects the level and activity of RNase A present in the spring xylem sap of pecan trees, and probably in other crops, it has the same influence. The catalytic property of RNase A appears to shift from a nuclease to a urease relying on Ni exposure. This is suggestive that RNase A might possess novel metabolic functionality regarding N-metabolism in perennial plants. The ability of Ni to convert the activity of plant and animal RNase A from that of a ribonuclease to a urease indicates a possible unrecognized beneficial metabolic function of Ni in organisms, while also identifying a potential detrimental effect of excessive Ni on N related metabolic activity if there is sufficient disruption of Ni homeostasis. C1 [Bai, Cheng; Liu, Liping] Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Lab Pests Comprehens Governance Trop Crop,Minist, Hainan Lab Monitoring & Control Trop Agr Pests,En, Hainan Engn Res Ctr Biol Control Trop Crops Dis &, Haikou 571101, Hainan, Peoples R China. [Bai, Cheng; Wood, Bruce W.] ARS, USDA, Southeast Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Bai, C (reprint author), Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Lab Pests Comprehens Governance Trop Crop,Minist, Hainan Lab Monitoring & Control Trop Agr Pests,En, Hainan Engn Res Ctr Biol Control Trop Crops Dis &, Haikou 571101, Hainan, Peoples R China. EM chengbai2001@163.com FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Introduction of Talent Project of the Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences [HZS1101] FX This study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and by The Introduction of Talent Project of the Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences partially supported this study (No. HZS1101). NR 37 TC 1 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD DEC 9 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 207 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-207 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 281GQ UT WOS:000329088400001 PM 24320827 ER PT J AU Rounds, J Schlegel, J Lane, T Higa, J Kissler, B Culpepper, W Williams, I Hausman, L AF Rounds, Joshua Schlegel, Julie Lane, Tom Higa, Jeffrey Kissler, Bonnie Culpepper, Wright Williams, Ian Hausman, Leslie TI Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Chester Infections Associated with Frozen Meals-18 States, 2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rounds, Joshua] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Schlegel, Julie] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Kissler, Bonnie] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Svc, Washington, DC USA. [Culpepper, Wright; Williams, Ian; Hausman, Leslie] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hausman, L (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhausman@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD DEC 6 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 48 BP 979 EP 982 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 273WT UT WOS:000328567700002 ER PT J AU Bowman, MJ Park, W Bauer, PJ Udall, JA Page, JT Raney, J Scheffler, BE Jones, DC Campbell, BT AF Bowman, Megan J. Park, Wonkeun Bauer, Philip J. Udall, Joshua A. Page, Justin T. Raney, Joshua Scheffler, Brian E. Jones, Don. C. Campbell, B. Todd TI RNA-Seq Transcriptome Profiling of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Root Tissue under Water-Deficit Stress SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; DROUGHT STRESS; ABSCISIC-ACID; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE; PLANT-GROWTH; HERBACEUM L.; IDENTIFICATION; TOLERANCE AB An RNA-Seq experiment was performed using field grown well-watered and naturally rain fed cotton plants to identify differentially expressed transcripts under water-deficit stress. Our work constitutes the first application of the newly published diploid D-5 Gossypium raimondii sequence in the study of tetraploid AD(1) upland cotton RNA-seq transcriptome analysis. A total of 1,530 transcripts were differentially expressed between well-watered and water-deficit stressed root tissues, in patterns that confirm the accuracy of this technique for future studies in cotton genomics. Additionally, putative sequence based genome localization of differentially expressed transcripts detected A(2) genome specific gene expression under water-deficit stress. These data will facilitate efforts to understand the complex responses governing transcriptomic regulatory mechanisms and to identify candidate genes that may benefit applied plant breeding programs. C1 [Bowman, Megan J.; Park, Wonkeun; Bauer, Philip J.; Campbell, B. Todd] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC USA. [Park, Wonkeun] Clemson Univ, Pee Dee Res & Educ Ctr, Florence, SC 29506 USA. [Udall, Joshua A.; Page, Justin T.; Raney, Joshua] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] ARS, USDA, MSA Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS USA. [Jones, Don. C.] Cotton Inc, Agr & Environm Res, Cary, NC USA. RP Campbell, BT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC USA. EM todd.campbell@ars.usda.gov OI Bowman, Megan/0000-0001-5742-1779; Park, WonCheoul/0000-0003-3140-5628; Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU CRIS U.S. 376 Department of Agriculture [6657-21000-006-00D]; Cotton Incorporated [12-377 208] FX This research project was supported by funding from CRIS No. 6657-21000-006-00D of the U.S. 376 Department of Agriculture and a grant from Cotton Incorporated (Agreement No. 12-377 208). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 71 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 60 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e82634 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0082634 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 273WJ UT WOS:000328566700095 PM 24324815 ER PT J AU Vierling, LA Vierling, KT Adam, P Hudak, AT AF Vierling, Lee A. Vierling, Kerri T. Adam, Patrick Hudak, Andrew T. TI Using Satellite and Airborne LiDAR to Model Woodpecker Habitat Occupancy at the Landscape Scale SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; CANOPY HEIGHT; FOREST HEALTH; BIRD; BIODIVERSITY; SELECTION; RICHNESS; USA; CONSERVATION AB Incorporating vertical vegetation structure into models of animal distributions can improve understanding of the patterns and processes governing habitat selection. LiDAR can provide such structural information, but these data are typically collected via aircraft and thus are limited in spatial extent. Our objective was to explore the utility of satellite-based LiDAR data from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) relative to airborne-based LiDAR to model the north Idaho breeding distribution of a forest-dependent ecosystem engineer, the Red-naped sapsucker (Sphyrapicus nuchalis). GLAS data occurred within ca. 64 m diameter ellipses spaced a minimum of 172 m apart, and all occupancy analyses were confined to this grain scale. Using a hierarchical approach, we modeled Red-naped sapsucker occupancy as a function of LiDAR metrics derived from both platforms. Occupancy models based on satellite data were weak, possibly because the data within the GLAS ellipse did not fully represent habitat characteristics important for this species. The most important structural variables influencing Red-naped Sapsucker breeding site selection based on airborne LiDAR data included foliage height diversity, the distance between major strata in the canopy vertical profile, and the vegetation density near the ground. These characteristics are consistent with the diversity of foraging activities exhibited by this species. To our knowledge, this study represents the first to examine the utility of satellite-based LiDAR to model animal distributions. The large area of each GLAS ellipse and the non-contiguous nature of GLAS data may pose significant challenges for wildlife distribution modeling; nevertheless these data can provide useful information on ecosystem vertical structure, particularly in areas of gentle terrain. Additional work is thus warranted to utilize LiDAR datasets collected from both airborne and past and future satellite platforms (e. g. GLAS, and the planned IceSAT2 mission) with the goal of improving wildlife modeling for more locations across the globe. C1 [Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, McCall Outdoor Sci Sch, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Vierling, Kerri T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Adam, Patrick] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. RP Vierling, LA (reprint author), Univ Idaho, McCall Outdoor Sci Sch, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM leev@uidaho.edu RI Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010; Vierling, Kerri/N-6653-2016 OI Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983; FU USGS Gap Analysis Program [08HQAG0123]; NASA FX The authors would like to thank the USGS Gap Analysis Program (agreement Grant number 08HQAG0123; K. Vierling, PI) and the NASA-sponsored Idaho Space Grant Consortium (http://www.id.spacegrant.org; graduate fellowship awarded to P. Adam) for funding. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 79 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 48 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e80988 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0080988 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 273WJ UT WOS:000328566700026 PM 24324655 ER PT J AU Fritschi, FB Ray, JD Purcell, LC King, CA Smith, JR Charlson, DV AF Fritschi, Felix B. Ray, Jeffery D. Purcell, Larry C. King, C. Andy Smith, James R. Charlson, Dirk V. TI DIVERSITY AND IMPLICATIONS OF SOYBEAN STEM NITROGEN CONCENTRATION SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE diversity; soybean; stem N ID MAX L MERRILL; GLYCINE-MAX; CULTIVAR DIFFERENCES; PLANT NITROGEN; WATER DEFICITS; YIELD; ACCUMULATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; REMOBILIZATION; MOBILIZATION AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] shoot nitrogen (N) traits are important for seed production and may hold potential for improving seed yield and quality. Field experiments were established to survey shoot N traits in i) plant introductions, ii) a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, and iii) modern cultivars. A wide range of N concentrations was observed at beginning seed fill for leaves, petioles, and stems and at maturity for stems. Significant genotypic variations in stem N traits were found in modern cultivars and the RIL population. Molecular marker analysis identified multiple loci associated with stem N concentration. Significant relationships between various tissue N traits and seed yield and quality were also observed. These results illustrate the importance of N dynamics in vegetative tissues for soybean yield and seed composition. The observed variation in N traits indicates that selecting for vegetative N traits could potentially increase yield and improve seed quality. C1 [Fritschi, Felix B.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Ray, Jeffery D.; Smith, James R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Purcell, Larry C.; King, C. Andy; Charlson, Dirk V.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Studies, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Ray, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jeff.ray@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board FX The authors appreciate the efforts of Philip Handly and Ronnie Griffin in sowing and maintaining the germplasm plots in Stoneville, MS, and the assistance of Gus Efling in sampling the plots at Stuttgart, AR, and Stoneville, MS. The partial financial support of the United Soybean Board is gratefully acknowledged. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 25 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 EI 1532-4087 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD DEC 6 PY 2013 VL 36 IS 14 BP 2111 EP 2131 DI 10.1080/01904167.2012.748800 PG 21 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 240BQ UT WOS:000326070100001 ER PT J AU King, KE Peiffer, GA Reddy, M Lauter, N Lin, SF Cianzio, S Shoemaker, RC AF King, Keith E. Peiffer, Gregory A. Reddy, Manju Lauter, Nick Lin, Shun Fu Cianzio, Silvia Shoemaker, Randy C. TI MAPPING OF IRON AND ZINC QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI IN SOYBEAN FOR ASSOCIATION TO IRON DEFICIENCY CHLOROSIS RESISTANCE SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE iron; environmental stresses; disease resistance ID QTL ANALYSIS; SEED IRON; SSR MARKERS; EFFICIENCY; WHEAT; PLANTS; GRAIN; IDENTIFICATION; REGISTRATION; GERMPLASM AB Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) in soybean results in yield losses or in extreme cases death. Breeding for resistance has shown limited success with no cultivar having complete resistance. Mineral content of the soybean could be an indicator of the ability of the plant to withstand the effects of IDC. Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentration was examined in soybean seed and leaves. SSR, RFLP, and BARCSOYSSR markers were used to construct a linkage map used for mapping of Fe and Zn concentrations. The QTL analysis for the combined data identified one major QTL for seed Fe accumulation on chromosome 20 that explained 21.5% of the variation. This QTL was in the marker interval pa_515-1-Satt239, with marker pa_515-1 previously being used to map an Fe-efficiency QTL. This provides the first evidence of a potential genetic link between Fe-efficiency and Fe accumulation in the soybean seed. C1 [King, Keith E.; Peiffer, Gregory A.; Reddy, Manju; Cianzio, Silvia] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Lauter, Nick; Shoemaker, Randy C.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lin, Shun Fu] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agron, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Shoemaker, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rcsshoe@iastate.edu OI Lin, Shun-Fu/0000-0002-4358-5024 FU USDA-ARS; Iowa State University FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the USDA-ARS and Iowa State University. Names are necessary to report factually on the available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 31 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 EI 1532-4087 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD DEC 6 PY 2013 VL 36 IS 14 BP 2132 EP 2153 DI 10.1080/01904167.2013.766804 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 240BQ UT WOS:000326070100002 ER PT J AU Koontz, MB Koontz, JM Pezeshki, SR Moore, M AF Koontz, Melissa B. Koontz, Joshua M. Pezeshki, S. R. Moore, Matthew TI NUTRIENT AND GROWTH RESPONSES OF LEERSIA ORYZOIDES, RICE CUTGRASS, TO VARYING DEGREES OF SOIL SATURATION AND WATER NITROGEN CONCENTRATION SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE agricultural runoff; elemental concentrations; drainage ditch; N pollution; variable flooding; wetland plants; vegetated buffer; buffer strip ID AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE DITCH; FINE-ROOT DYNAMICS; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; METABOLISM; OXYGEN; AVAILABILITY; ACCLIMATION; DEMOGRAPHY; WETLANDS; RUNOFF AB Leersia oryzoides (rice cutgrass) is an obligate wetland plant common to agricultural drainage ditches. The objective of this greenhouse study was to expose plants to various flooding and aqueous nitrogen (N) concentrations and then to quantify the allocation of nutrients and biomass to plant components. Plants in the continuously flooded treatment (CF) had the highest tissue concentrations of copper (Cu), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and manganese (Mn) in one or more plant components. Plants in the partially flooded treatment (PF) had the highest concentrations of magnesium (Mg) in leaves. The N input affected phosphorus (P) and S concentrations in roots. Leaf, stem, and root biomass were highest in PF plants. Rhizome biomass was the lowest in CF plants. These results indicate that L. oryzoides may significantly affect elemental concentrations in surface waters by its ability to uptake various elements and subsequent sequestration in various biomass components. C1 [Koontz, Melissa B.; Pezeshki, S. R.] Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Koontz, Joshua M.] US Army Corps Engineers, Environm Div, Memphis, TN USA. [Moore, Matthew] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Koontz, MB (reprint author), Univ Memphis, 3774 Walker Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. EM mlee1@memphis.edu NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 EI 1532-4087 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD DEC 6 PY 2013 VL 36 IS 14 BP 2236 EP 2258 DI 10.1080/01904167.2013.837920 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 240BQ UT WOS:000326070100009 ER PT J AU Lu, Z Mitchell, RM Smith, RL Karns, JS Van Kessel, JAS Wolfgang, DR Schukken, YH Grohn, YT AF Lu, Zhao Mitchell, Rebecca M. Smith, Rebecca L. Karns, Jeffrey S. Van Kessel, Jo Ann S. Wolfgang, David R. Schukken, Ynte H. Grohn, Yrjo T. TI Invasion and transmission of Salmonella Kentucky in an adult dairy herd using approximate Bayesian computation SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Epidemiological modeling; Approximate Bayesian computation; Transmission dynamics; Salmonella; Dairy cattle ID NONTYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; COMPARTMENTAL-MODELS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; DYNAMICS; SEROTYPE; RESISTANT; INFERENCE; ILLNESS AB Background: An outbreak of Salmonella Kentucky followed by a high level of sustained endemic prevalence was recently observed in a US adult dairy herd enrolled in a longitudinal study involving intensive fecal sampling. To understand the invasion ability and transmission dynamics of Salmonella Kentucky in dairy cattle, accurate estimation of the key epidemiological parameters from longitudinal field data is necessary. The approximate Bayesian computation technique was applied for estimating the transmission rate (beta), the recovery rate (gamma) and shape (n) parameters of the gamma distribution for the infectious (shedding) period, and the basic reproduction ratio (R-0), given a susceptible-infectious-recovered-susceptible (SIRS) compartment model with a gamma distribution for the infectious period. Results: The results report that the mean transmission rate (beta) is 0.417 month(-1) (median: 0.417, 95% credible interval [0.406, 0.429]), the average infectious period (gamma(-1)) is 7.95 months (median: 7.95, 95% credible interval [7.70, 8.22]), the mean shape parameter (n) of the gamma distribution for the infectious period is 242 (median: 182, 95% credible interval [16, 482]), and the mean basic reproduction ratio (R-0) is 2.91 (median: 2.91, 95% credible interval [2.83, 3.00]). Conclusions: This study shows that Salmonella Kentucky in this herd was of mild infectiousness and had a long infectious period, which together provide an explanation for the observed prevalence pattern after invasion. The transmission rate and the recovery rate parameters are inferred with better accuracy than the shape parameter, therefore these two parameters are more sensitive to the model and the observed data. The estimated shape parameter (n) has large variability with a minimal value greater than one, indicating that the infectious period of Salmonella Kentucky in dairy cattle does not follow the conventionally assumed exponential distribution. C1 [Lu, Zhao; Mitchell, Rebecca M.; Smith, Rebecca L.; Schukken, Ynte H.; Grohn, Yrjo T.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Epidemiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Karns, Jeffrey S.; Van Kessel, Jo Ann S.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wolfgang, David R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Lu, Z (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Epidemiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM zl73@cornell.edu OI Schukken, Ynte/0000-0002-8250-4194 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD DEC 5 PY 2013 VL 9 AR 245 DI 10.1186/1746-6148-9-245 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 288PG UT WOS:000329623300001 PM 24304969 ER PT J AU Wilson-Welder, JH Elliott, MK Zuerner, RL Bayles, DO Alt, DP Stanton, TB AF Wilson-Welder, Jennifer H. Elliott, Margaret K. Zuerner, Richard L. Bayles, Darrell O. Alt, David P. Stanton, Thad B. TI Biochemical and molecular characterization of Treponema phagedenis-like spirochetes isolated from a bovine digital dermatitis lesion SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bovine digital dermatitis; Treponema; Spirochete; Bacterial growth; Genomic comparison ID DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION; DAIRY-CATTLE; PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS; HUMAN PERIODONTITIS; SP NOV.; GROWTH; TOOL AB Background: Bovine papillomatous digital dermatitis (DD) is the leading cause of lameness in dairy cattle and represents a serious welfare and economic burden. Found primarily in high production dairy cattle worldwide, DD is characterized by the development of an often painful red, raw ulcerative or papillomatous lesion frequently located near the interdigital cleft and above the bulbs of the heel. While the exact etiology is unknown, several spirochete species have been isolated from lesion material. Four isolates of Treponema phagedenis-like spirochetes were isolated from dairy cows in Iowa. Given the distinct differences in host, environmental niche, and disease association, a closer analysis of phenotypic characteristics, growth characteristics, and genomic sequences of T. phagedenis, a human genitalia commensal, and the Iowa DD isolates was undertaken. Results: Phenotypically, these isolates range from 8.0 to 9.7 mu m in length with 6-8 flagella on each end. These isolates, like T. phagedenis, are strictly anaerobic, require serum and volatile fatty acids for growth, and are capable of fermenting fructose, mannitol, pectin, mannose, ribose, maltose, and glucose. Major glucose fermentation products produced are formate, acetate, and butyrate. Further study was conducted with a single isolate, 4A, showing an optimal growth pH of 7.0 (range of 6-8.5) and an optimal growth temperature of 40 degrees C (range of 29 degrees C-43 degrees C). Comparison of partial genomic contigs of isolate 4A and contigs of T. phagedenis F0421 revealed > 95% amino acid sequence identity with amino acid sequence of 4A. In silico DNA-DNA whole genome hybridization and BLAT analysis indicated a DDH estimate of >80% between isolate 4A and T. phagedenis F0421, and estimates of 52.5% or less when compared to the fully sequenced genomes of other treponeme species. Conclusion: Using both physiological, biochemical and genomic analysis, there is a lack of evidence for difference between T. phagedenis and isolate 4A. The description of Treponema phagedenis should be expanded from human genital skin commensal to include being an inhabitant within DD lesions in cattle. C1 [Wilson-Welder, Jennifer H.; Elliott, Margaret K.; Zuerner, Richard L.; Bayles, Darrell O.; Alt, David P.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infectious Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Stanton, Thad B.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Wilson-Welder, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 N Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM jennifer.wilson-welder@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD DEC 5 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 280 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-13-280 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 277ZM UT WOS:000328857800002 PM 24304812 ER PT J AU Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Suarez, DL AF Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Suarez, David L. TI Vaccination of domestic ducks against H5N1 HPAI: A review SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Ducks; Highly pathogenic avian influenza; H5N1; Control; Vaccination ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PEKIN DUCKS; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; A VIRUSES; HONG-KONG; INACTIVATED VACCINE; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; REVERSE GENETICS; NORTH-AMERICAN AB Domestic ducks play an important role in the epidemiology of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. Consequently, successful control of H5N1 HPAI in ducks is important for the eradication of the disease in poultry and in preventing infections in humans. Domestic ducks, however, include different species and breeds, and the susceptibility to infection, disease and response to vaccination can vary depending on the species and age of the bird. Most domestic duck species are descendants of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), but in Asian countries Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) are also commonly farmed. Current vaccines and vaccination practices are insufficient for the control of H5N1 HPAI virus infections in domestic waterfowl and new vaccination strategies are needed. Although vaccination has proven effective in protecting ducks against disease, shedding of the virus still occurs in clinically healthy vaccinated populations. To improve protection of ducks against H5N1 HPAI, vaccination programs must take into account the susceptibility of ducks to circulating viruses and the particular production systems and husbandry practices of the country. Vaccination needs to be implemented as part of a comprehensive control strategy that also includes biosecurity, surveillance, education and elimination of infected poultry. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Suarez, David L.] USDA ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Pantin-Jackwood, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mary.pantin-jackwood@ars.usda.gov NR 96 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC 5 PY 2013 VL 178 IS 1 BP 21 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.07.012 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 273GA UT WOS:000328522100005 PM 23916865 ER PT J AU Spackman, E Swayne, DE AF Spackman, Erica Swayne, David E. TI Vaccination of gallinaceous poultry for H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza: Current questions and new technology SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza virus vaccination; H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus; Poultry vaccination ID INFECTIOUS-BRONCHITIS VIRUS; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; VACCINES PROTECT CHICKENS; RECOMBINANT FOWLPOX VIRUS; DNA VACCINE; HEMAGGLUTININ GENE; MATERNAL ANTIBODY; LETHAL CHALLENGE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; BURSAL DISEASE AB Vaccination of poultry for avian influenza virus (AIV) is a complex topic as there are numerous technical, logistic and regulatory aspects which must be considered. Historically, control of high pathogenicity (HP) AIV infection in poultry has been accomplished by eradication and stamping out when outbreaks occur locally. Since the H5N1 HPAIV from Asia has spread and become enzootic, vaccination has been used on a long-term basis by some countries to control the virus, other countries have used it temporarily to aid eradication efforts, while others have not used it at all. Currently, H5N1 HPAIV is considered enzootic in China, Egypt, Viet Nam, India, Bangladesh and Indonesia. All but Bangladesh and India have instituted vaccination programs for poultry. Importantly, the specifics of these programs differ to accommodate different situations, resources, and industry structure in each country. The current vaccines most commonly used are inactivated whole virus vaccines, but vectored vaccine use is increasing. Numerous technical improvements to these platforms and novel vaccine platforms for H5N1 vaccines have been reported, but most are not ready to be implemented in the field. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Spackman, Erica; Swayne, David E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Erica.spackman@ars.usda.gov NR 132 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC 5 PY 2013 VL 178 IS 1 BP 121 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.03.004 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 273GA UT WOS:000328522100013 PM 23524326 ER PT J AU Kandianis, CB Michenfelder, AS Simmons, SJ Grusak, MA Stapleton, AE AF Kandianis, Catherine B. Michenfelder, Abigail S. Simmons, Susan J. Grusak, Michael A. Stapleton, Ann E. TI Abiotic stress growth conditions induce different responses in kernel iron concentration across genotypically distinct maize inbred varieties SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE effect partitioning; Fe; NAM parents; nitrogen fertilizer; drought; iron nutrition; Zea mays L. ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; STAPLE FOOD CROPS; MICRONUTRIENT MALNUTRITION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; ZINC CONCENTRATIONS; GRAIN; WHEAT; NITROGEN; BIOFORTIFICATION AB The improvement of grain nutrient profiles for essential minerals and vitamins through breeding strategies is a target important for agricultural regions where nutrient poor crops like maize contribute a large proportion of the daily caloric intake. Kernel iron concentration in maize exhibits a broad range. However, the magnitude of genotype by environment (GxE) effects on this trait reduces the efficacy and predictability of selection programs, particularly when challenged with abiotic stress such as water and nitrogen limitations. Selection has also been limited by an inverse correlation between kernel iron concentration and the yield component of kernel size in target environments. Using 25 maize inbred lines for which extensive genome sequence data is publicly available, we evaluated the response of kernel iron density and kernel mass to water and nitrogen limitation in a managed field stress experiment using a factorial design. To further understand GxE interactions we used partition analysis to characterize response of kernel iron and weight to abiotic stressors among all genotypes, and observed two patterns: one characterized by higher kernel iron concentrations in control over stress conditions, and another with higher kernel iron concentration under drought and combined stress conditions. Breeding efforts for this nutritional trait could exploit these complementary responses through combinations of favorable allelic variation from these already well-characterized genetic stocks. C1 [Kandianis, Catherine B.; Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Michenfelder, Abigail S.; Simmons, Susan J.; Stapleton, Ann E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Dept Math & Stat, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. RP Stapleton, AE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, 601 S Coll, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. EM stapletona@uncw.edu OI Stapleton, Ann/0000-0001-7242-2673 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-35100-05028]; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008] FX We thank Latasha L. Smith for assistance with kernel measurements, David A. Dworak for technical assistance with mineral quantification by ICP-OES, and James B. Holland, USDA/ARS/NCSU for providing seed and assistance with field nurseries. We are grateful for superb experimental field support by C. Herring and the Central Crops staff. This project was supported in part by a National Research Initiative Competitive Grant (no. 2009-35100-05028) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to Ann E. Stapleton, a National Research Initiative Competitive Grant (no. 2009-35100-05028) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to Catherine B. Kandianis and by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Agreement number 58-6250-0-008 to Michael A. Grusak. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 21 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD DEC 4 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 488 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00488 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB0YL UT WOS:000331518200001 PM 24363659 ER PT J AU Scully, ED Hoover, K Carlson, JE Tien, M Geib, SM AF Scully, Erin D. Hoover, Kelli Carlson, John E. Tien, Ming Geib, Scott M. TI Midgut transcriptome profiling of Anoplophora glabripennis, a lignocellulose degrading cerambycid beetle SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cellulase; Carboxylesterase; Cytochrome P450; Xylanase; Comparative transcriptomics; Hemicellulose; Biofuels; Beta-glucosidase ID ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; SPOTTED LONGICORN BEETLE; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; RNA-SEQ DATA; CDNA CLONING; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; COLEOPTERA CERAMBYCIDAE; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE AB Background: Wood-feeding insects often work in collaboration with microbial symbionts to degrade lignin biopolymers and release glucose and other fermentable sugars from recalcitrant plant cell wall carbohydrates, including cellulose and hemicellulose. Here, we present the midgut transcriptome of larval Anoplophora glabripennis, a wood-boring beetle with documented lignin-, cellulose-, and hemicellulose-degrading capabilities, which provides valuable insights into how this insect overcomes challenges associated with feeding in woody tissue. Results: Transcripts from putative protein coding regions of over 9,000 insect-derived genes were identified in the A. glabripennis midgut transcriptome using a combination of 454 shotgun and Illumina paired-end reads. The most highly-expressed genes predicted to encode digestive-related enzymes were trypsins, carboxylesterases, beta-glucosidases, and cytochrome P450s. Furthermore, 180 unigenes predicted to encode glycoside hydrolases (GHs) were identified and included several GH 5, 45, and 48 cellulases, GH 1 xylanases, and GH 1 beta-glucosidases. In addition, transcripts predicted to encode enzymes involved in detoxification were detected, including a substantial number of unigenes classified as cytochrome P450s (CYP6B) and carboxylesterases, which are hypothesized to play pivotal roles in detoxifying host tree defensive chemicals and could make important contributions to A. glabripennis' expansive host range. While a large diversity of insect-derived transcripts predicted to encode digestive and detoxification enzymes were detected, few transcripts predicted to encode enzymes required for lignin degradation or synthesis of essential nutrients were identified, suggesting that collaboration with microbial enzymes may be required for survival in woody tissue. Conclusions: A. glabripennis produces a number of enzymes with putative roles in cell wall digestion, detoxification, and nutrient extraction, which likely contribute to its ability to thrive in a broad range of host trees. This system is quite different from the previously characterized termite fermentation system and provides new opportunities to discover enzymes that could be exploited for cellulosic ethanol biofuel production or the development of novel methods to control wood-boring pests. C1 [Scully, Erin D.] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, Intercoll Program Genet, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hoover, Kelli] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hoover, Kelli] Penn State Univ, Ctr Chem Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Carlson, John E.] Penn State Univ, Schatz Ctr Tree Mol Genet, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Carlson, John E.] Chonnam Natl Univ, World Class Univ, Dept Bioenergy Sci & Technol, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Tien, Ming] Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Geib, Scott M.] ARS, Trop Crop & Commod Protect Res Unit, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Geib, SM (reprint author), ARS, Trop Crop & Commod Protect Res Unit, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM scott.geib@ars.usda.gov OI Geib, Scott/0000-0002-9511-5139 FU USDA-NRI-CRSEES [2008-35504-04464]; USDA-NRI-CREES [2009-35302-05286]; Alphawood Foundation, Chicago, Illinois; Pennsylvania State University College of Agricultural Sciences; USDA-AFRI; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea [R31-2009-000-20025-0] FX Funding for this project was provided by USDA-NRI-CRSEES grant 2008-35504-04464, USDA-NRI-CREES grant 2009-35302-05286, the Alphawood Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, a Seed Grant to Dr. Hoover from the Pennsylvania State University College of Agricultural Sciences, and a Microbial Genomics Fellowship from USDA-AFRI to EDS. Dr. Carlson was partially supported by World Class University Project R31-2009-000-20025-0 grant from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea. Opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 124 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 60 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 4 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 850 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-850 PG 26 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 284ZR UT WOS:000329362400002 PM 24304644 ER PT J AU Mullen, CA Boateng, AA AF Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Accumulation of Inorganic Impurities on HZSM-5 Zeolites during Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Switchgrass SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FLUIDIZED-BED; BIO-OIL; BIOMASS AB The fate of inorganic species present in switchgrass during fluidized bed catalytic pyrolysis over HZSM-5 catalysts was studied with emphasis on their accumulation on the catalyst. Five catalytic pyrolysis experiments were performed in two series, reusing the catalyst after each sample. Catalysts were regenerated from deactivation due to carbon deposits via their removal by combustion at regular intervals. The fates of seven inorganic elements were tracked: Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, and P. Potassium accumulated with the HZSM-5 catalyst the fastest while iron was the metal that accumulated most preferentially on the catalysts, with about 42% of the Fe content of the biomass remaining with the HZSM-5. The total amount of these seven elements accumulated on HZSM-5 in a linear fashion during continued use of the same catalyst sample. As the catalyst was exposed to more switchgrass and accumulated more inorganic containments, its effectiveness at deoxygenating the pyrolysis liquids decreased. Selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons also decreased, indicating that deactivation of HZSM-5 by exposure to inorganic contaminants in biomass should be a consideration for biomass deoxygenation by catalytic fast pyrolysis. C1 [Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Mullen, CA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.mullen@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture under USDA-NIFA [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors would like the thank Michelle Hall and Craig Einfeldt of ERRC for technical assistance and Frank McDonnell, a farmer of East Greenville, PA, for providing switchgrass used in this study. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under USDA-NIFA 2012-10008-20271. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD DEC 4 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 48 BP 17156 EP 17161 DI 10.1021/ie4030209 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 267LZ UT WOS:000328100600016 ER PT J AU Rimando, AM Duke, SO AF Rimando, Agnes M. Duke, Stephen O. TI Human Health and Transgenic Crops Symposium Introduction SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMPACTS C1 [Rimando, Agnes M.; Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Rimando, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 48 BP 11693 EP 11694 DI 10.1021/jf404690h PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 267LW UT WOS:000328100300001 PM 24236507 ER PT J AU Lakshman, DK Natarajan, S Mandal, S Mitra, A AF Lakshman, Dilip K. Natarajan, Savithiry Mandal, Sudhamoy Mitra, Amitava TI Lactoferrin-Derived Resistance against Plant Pathogens in Transgenic Plants SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE antimicrobial peptide; broad-spectrum disease resistance; biopharming; iron-binding glycoprotein; lactoferricin; lactoferrampin; LF1-11; transferrin ID RECOMBINANT HUMAN LACTOFERRIN; CDNA CONFERS RESISTANCE; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; TOBACCO PLANTS; HEAD BLIGHT; RALSTONIA-SOLANACEARUM; ENHANCED RESISTANCE; POWDERY MILDEW; EXPRESSION; WHEAT AB Lactoferrin (LF) is a ubiquitous cationic iron-binding milk glycoprotein that contributes to nutrition and exerts a broad-spectrum primary defense against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses in mammals. These qualities make lactoferrin protein and its antimicrobial motifs highly desirable candidates to be incorporated in plants to impart broad-based resistance against plant pathogens or to economically produce them in bulk quantities for pharmaceutical and nutritional purposes. This study introduced bovine LF (BLF) gene into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi), Arabidopsis (A. thaliana) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) via Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. Transgenic plants or detached leaves exhibited high levels of resistance against the damping-off causing fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani and the head blight causing fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum. LF also imparted resistance to tomato plants against a bacterial pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearum. Similarly, other researchers demonstrated expression of LF and LF-mediated high-quality resistance to several other aggressive fungal and bacterial plant pathogens in transgenic plants and against viral pathogens by foliar applications of LF or its derivatives. Taken together, these studies demonstrated the effectiveness of LF for improving crop quality and its biopharming potentials for pharmaceautical and nutritional applications. C1 [Lakshman, Dilip K.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lakshman, Dilip K.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Natarajan, Savithiry] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mandal, Sudhamoy; Mitra, Amitava] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Lakshman, DK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Dilip.Lakshman@ars.usda.gov; amitra1@unl.edu FU NIFA; Nebraska Dry Bean Commission FX Research in the Mitra laboratory is partially supported by grants from the NIFA and Nebraska Dry Bean Commission. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 48 BP 11730 EP 11735 DI 10.1021/jf400756t PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 267LW UT WOS:000328100300006 PM 23889215 ER PT J AU Natarajan, S Luthria, D Bae, H Lakshman, D Mitra, A AF Natarajan, Savithiry Luthria, Devanand Bae, Hanhong Lakshman, Dilip Mitra, Amitava TI Transgenic Soybeans and Soybean Protein Analysis: An Overview SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE soybean; 2D-PAGE; MS; beta-conglycinin; glycinin; proteins; transgenic ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; GLYCINE-MAX; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BETA-CONGLYCININ; STORAGE PROTEINS; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; PROFILING TECHNIQUES; SAMPLE PREPARATION AB To meet the increasing global demand for soybeans for food and feed consumption, new high-yield varieties with improved quality traits are needed. To ensure the safety of the crop, it is important to determine the variation in seed proteins along with unintended changes that may occur in the crop as a result various stress stimuli, breeding, and genetic modification. Understanding the variation of seed proteins in the wild and cultivated soybean cultivars is useful for determining unintended protein expression in new varieties of soybeans. Proteomic technology is useful to analyze protein variation due to various stimuli. This short review discusses transgenic soybeans, different soybean proteins, and the approaches used for protein analysis. The characterization of soybean protein will be useful for researchers, nutrition professionals, and regulatory agencies dealing with soy-derived food products. C1 [Natarajan, Savithiry] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Luthria, Devanand] ARS, Food Composit Methods Dev Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. [Lakshman, Dilip] ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mitra, Amitava] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Natarajan, S (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM savi.natarajan@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [1275-21000-224-00D] FX Funding for this research was provided by ARS Project 1275-21000-224-00D. NR 118 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 15 U2 104 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 48 BP 11736 EP 11743 DI 10.1021/jf402148e PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 267LW UT WOS:000328100300007 PM 24099420 ER PT J AU Abbas, HK Zablotowicz, RM Weaver, MA Shier, WT Bruns, HA Bellaloui, N Accinelli, C Abel, CA AF Abbas, Hamed K. Zablotowicz, Robert M. Weaver, Mark A. Shier, W. Thomas Bruns, H. Arnold Bellaloui, Nacer Accinelli, Cesare Abel, Craig A. TI Implications of Bt Traits on Mycotoxin Contamination in Maize: Overview and Recent Experimental Results in Southern United States SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; aflatoxin; fumonisin; mycotoxin; Bt and non-Bt maize; environmental manipulation; transgenic corn; Aspergillus flavus; Fusarium verticillioides; insects; GM crops ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS CORN; VEGETATIVE INSECTICIDAL PROTEIN; ZEA-MAYS HYBRIDS; FUSARIUM EAR ROT; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION; AFLATOXIN ACCUMULATION; PLANTING DATE; RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT AB Mycotoxin contamination levels in maize kernels are controlled by a complex set of factors including insect pressure, fungal inoculum potential, and environmental conditions that are difficult to predict. Methods are becoming available to control mycotoxin-producing fungi in preharvest crops, including Bt expression, biocontrol, and host plant resistance. Initial reports in the United States and other countries have associated Bt expression with reduced fumonisin, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone contamination and, to a lesser extent, reduced aflatoxin contamination in harvested maize kernels. However, subsequent field results have been inconsistent, confirming that fumonisin contamination can be reduced by Bt expression, but the effect on aflatoxin is, at present, inconclusive. New maize hybrids have been introduced with increased spectra of insect control and higher levels of Bt expression that may provide important tools for mycotoxin reduction and increased yield due to reduced insect feeding, particularly if used together with biocontrol and host plant resistance. C1 [Abbas, Hamed K.; Weaver, Mark A.] ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Zablotowicz, Robert M.; Bruns, H. Arnold] ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Shier, W. Thomas] Univ Minnesota, Coll Pharm, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Bellaloui, Nacer] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Accinelli, Cesare] Univ Bologna, Dept Agr Sci, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Abel, Craig A.] Iowa State Univ, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Abbas, HK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, BCPRU, POB 67, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM hamed.abbas@ars.usda.gov OI Weaver, Mark/0000-0001-9020-7264; Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998; Accinelli, Cesare/0000-0001-8200-0108 NR 97 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 61 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 4 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 48 BP 11759 EP 11770 DI 10.1021/jf400754g PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 267LW UT WOS:000328100300009 PM 23750911 ER PT J AU Burbelo, PD Ching, KH Morse, CG Alevizos, I Bayat, A Cohen, JI Ali, MA Kapoor, A Browne, SK Holland, SM Kovacs, JA Iadarola, MJ AF Burbelo, Peter D. Ching, Kathryn H. Morse, Caryn G. Alevizos, Ilias Bayat, Ahmad Cohen, Jeffrey I. Ali, Mir A. Kapoor, Amit Browne, Sarah K. Holland, Steven M. Kovacs, Joseph A. Iadarola, Michael J. TI Altered Antibody Profiles against Common Infectious Agents in Chronic Disease SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; LUCIFERASE IMMUNOPRECIPITATION SYSTEMS; SALIVARY-GLAND BIOPSIES; SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; HUMORAL RESPONSES; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; GUT MICROBIOME; DNA; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; TYPE-2 AB Despite the important diagnostic value of evaluating antibody responses to individual human pathogens, antibody profiles against multiple infectious agents have not been used to explore health and disease mainly for technical reasons. We hypothesized that the interplay between infection and chronic disease might be revealed by profiling antibodies against multiple agents. Here, the levels of antibodies against a panel of 13 common infectious agents were evaluated with the quantitative Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems (LIPS) in patients from three disease cohorts including those with pathogenic anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies (IFN-gamma AAB), HIV and Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) to determine if their antibody profiles differed from control subjects. The IFN-gamma AAB patients compared to controls demonstrated statistically higher levels of antibodies against VZV (p=0.0003), EBV (p=0.002), CMV (p=0.003), and C. albicans (p=0.03), but lower antibody levels against poliovirus (p=0.04). Comparison of HIV patients with blood donor controls revealed that the patients had higher levels of antibodies against CMV (p=0.0008), HSV-2 (p=0.0008), EBV (p=0.001), and C. albicans (p=0.01), but showed decreased levels of antibodies against coxsackievirus B4 (p=0.0008), poliovirus (p=0.0005), and HHV-6B (p=0.002). Lastly, SjS patients had higher levels of anti-EBV antibodies (p=0.03), but lower antibody levels against several enteroviruses including a newly identified picornavirus, HCoSV-A (p=0.004), coxsackievirus B4 (p=0.04), and poliovirus (p=0.02). For the IFN-gamma AAB and HIV cohorts, principal component analysis revealed unique antibody clusters that showed the potential to discriminate patients from controls. The results suggest that antibody profiles against these and likely other common infectious agents may yield insight into the interplay between exposure to infectious agents, dysbiosis, adaptive immunity and disease activity. C1 [Burbelo, Peter D.] Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, Clin Dent Res Core, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Ching, Kathryn H.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Morse, Caryn G.; Kovacs, Joseph A.] NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Alevizos, Ilias] Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, Sjogren Syndrome Clin, Mol Physiol & Therapeut Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Bayat, Ahmad; Iadarola, Michael J.] NIH, Dept Perioperat Med, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cohen, Jeffrey I.; Ali, Mir A.] NIAID, Med Virol Sect, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kapoor, Amit] Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY USA. [Browne, Sarah K.; Holland, Steven M.] NIAID, Lab Clin Infect Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Burbelo, PD (reprint author), Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, Clin Dent Res Core, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. EM burbelop@nidcr.nih.gov OI Morse, Caryn/0000-0002-1177-4365 FU Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Clinical Center, NIH; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine; NIH [AI090196, AI081132] FX This work was supported by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the Clinical Center, NIH, the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine and from NIH grants AI090196 and AI081132. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 2 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e81635 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0081635 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 265IN UT WOS:000327944500082 PM 24312567 ER PT J AU Wood, TE Detto, M Silver, WL AF Wood, Tana E. Detto, Matteo Silver, Whendee L. TI Sensitivity of Soil Respiration to Variability in Soil Moisture and Temperature in a Humid Tropical Forest SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LOSSES; AMAZONIAN RAIN-FOREST; CO2 EFFLUX; EXPERIMENTAL DROUGHT; TEMPORAL VARIATION; EASTERN AMAZONIA; HARDWOOD FOREST; IRON REDUCTION; WATER CONTENT; CLIMATE AB Precipitation and temperature are important drivers of soil respiration. The role of moisture and temperature are generally explored at seasonal or inter-annual timescales; however, significant variability also occurs on hourly to daily time-scales. We used small (1.54 m(2)), throughfall exclusion shelters to evaluate the role soil moisture and temperature as temporal controls on soil CO2 efflux from a humid tropical forest in Puerto Rico. We measured hourly soil CO2 efflux, temperature and moisture in control and exclusion plots (n = 6) for 6-months. The variance of each time series was analyzed using orthonormal wavelet transformation and Haar-wavelet coherence. We found strong negative coherence between soil moisture and soil respiration in control plots corresponding to a two-day periodicity. Across all plots, there was a significant parabolic relationship between soil moisture and soil CO2 efflux with peak soil respiration occurring at volumetric soil moisture of approximately 0.375 m(3)/m(3). We additionally found a weak positive coherence between CO2 and temperature at longer time-scales and a significant positive relationship between soil temperature and CO2 efflux when the analysis was limited to the control plots. The coherence between CO2 and both temperature and soil moisture were reduced in exclusion plots. The reduced CO2 response to temperature in exclusion plots suggests that the positive effect of temperature on CO2 is constrained by soil moisture availability. C1 [Wood, Tana E.] USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Forest Serv, Rio Piedras, PR USA. [Wood, Tana E.] Fdn Puertorriquena Conservac, San Juan, PR USA. [Detto, Matteo] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Balboa, Panama. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wood, TE (reprint author), USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Forest Serv, Rio Piedras, PR USA. EM wood.tana@gmail.com RI Smorkalov, Ivan/B-6422-2014 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0620910]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry FX Research support was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship, DEB-0620910 from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to the Institute of Tropical Ecosystem Studies (IEET), University of Puerto Rico, and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry as part of the Long Term Ecological Research Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 84 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 2 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e80965 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0080965 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 265IN UT WOS:000327944500045 PM 24312508 ER PT J AU Tyrrell, LP Moore, BA Loftis, C Fernandez-Juricic, E AF Tyrrell, Luke P. Moore, Bret A. Loftis, Christopher Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban TI Looking above the prairie: localized and upward acute vision in a native grassland bird SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID GANGLION-CELL TOPOGRAPHY; VISUAL-FIELDS; RETINAL TOPOGRAPHY; EYE-MOVEMENTS; BEHAVIOR; VIGILANCE; ANATIDAE; DENSITY; SIZE AB Visual systems of open habitat vertebrates are predicted to have a band of acute vision across the retina (visual streak) and wide visual coverage to gather information along the horizon. We tested whether the eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna) had this visual configuration given that it inhabits open grasslands. Contrary to our expectations, the meadowlark retina has a localized spot of acute vision (fovea) and relatively narrow visual coverage. The fovea projects above rather than towards the horizon with the head at rest, and individuals modify their body posture in tall grass to maintain a similar foveal projection. Meadowlarks have relatively large binocular fields and can see their bill tips, which may help with their probe-foraging technique. Overall, meadowlark vision does not fit the profile of vertebrates living in open habitats. The binocular field may control foraging while the fovea may be used for detecting and tracking aerial stimuli (predators, conspecifics). C1 [Tyrrell, Luke P.; Moore, Bret A.; Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Loftis, Christopher] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Indiana Wildlife Serv, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Tyrrell, LP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ltyrrell@purdue.edu RI Tyrrell, Luke/H-9200-2013; OI Tyrrell, Luke/0000-0001-8322-1930 FU National Science Foundation [1146986] FX This study was funded by the National Science Foundation (Award#1146986). NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD DEC 2 PY 2013 VL 3 AR 3231 DI 10.1038/srep03231 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 263BU UT WOS:000327782400001 PM 24292817 ER PT J AU Oliveira, RS Alonso, DG Koskinen, WC Papiernik, SK AF Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr. Alonso, Diego G. Koskinen, William C. Papiernik, Sharon K. TI Comparative sorption, desorption and leaching potential of aminocyclopyrachlor and picloram SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Adsorption; hysteresis; Pyrimidine carboxylic acids; mobility; soil properties ID SOIL SORPTION; GROUNDWATER; TRANSLOCATION; ADSORBENTS; ADSORPTION; ATRAZINE AB Sorption and desorption of aminocyclopyrachlor (6-amino-5-chloro-2-cyclopropylpyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid) were compared to that of the structurally similar herbicide picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) in three soils of differing origin and composition to determine if picloram data is representative of aminocyclopyrachlor behavior in soil. Aminocyclopyrachlor and picloram batch sorption data fit the Freundlich equation and was independent of concentration for aminocyclopyrachlor (1/n = 1), but not for picloram (1/n = 0.80-0.90). Freundlich sorption coefficients (K-f) for aminocyclopyrachlor were lowest in the eroded and depositional Minnesota soils (0.04 and 0.12mol ((1-1/n)) L-1/n kg(-1)) and the highest in Molokai soil (0.31mol ((1-1/n)) L-1/n kg(-1)). For picloram, K-f was lower in the eroded (0.28mol ((1-1/n)) L-1/n kg(-1)) as compared to the depositional Minnesota soil (0.75mol ((1-1/n)) L-1/n kg(-1)). Comparing soil to soil, K-f for picloram was consistently higher than those found for aminocyclopyrachlor. Desorption of aminocyclopyrachlor and picloram was hysteretic on all three soils. With regard to the theoretical leaching potential based on groundwater ubiquity score (GUS), leaching potential of both herbicides was considered to be similar. Aminocyclopyrachlor would be ranked as leacher in all three soils if t(1/2) was > 12.7days. To be ranked as non-leacher in all three soils, aminocyclopyrachlor t(1/2) would have to be <3.3days. Calculated half-life that would rank picloram as leacher was calculated to be approximate to 15.6 d. Using the current information for aminocycloprachlor, or using picloram data as representative of aminocycloprachlor behavior, scientists can now more accurately predict the potential for offsite transport of aminocycloprachlor. C1 [Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr.; Alonso, Diego G.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Agron, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Koskinen, William C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. [Papiernik, Sharon K.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD USA. RP Oliveira, RS (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Agron, Av Colombo 5790, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM rsojunior@uem.br RI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/H-1680-2012 OI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/0000-0002-5222-8010 FU CNPq (Brazil) FX We thank the CNPq (Brazil) for financial support for this research and DuPont (Wilmington, DE) for supplying 14C-labeled aminocyclopyrachlor. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 56 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PD DEC 2 PY 2013 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1049 EP 1057 DI 10.1080/03601234.2013.824291 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 212RY UT WOS:000324001700004 PM 24007482 ER PT J AU Owusu, SA Staton, M Jennings, TN Schlarbaum, S Coggeshall, MV Romero-Severson, J Carlson, JE Gailing, O AF Owusu, Sandra A. Staton, Margaret Jennings, Tara N. Schlarbaum, Scott Coggeshall, Mark V. Romero-Severson, Jeanne Carlson, John E. Gailing, Oliver TI DEVELOPMENT OF GENOMIC MICROSATELLITES IN GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS (FABACEAE) USING ILLUMINA SEQUENCING SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE agroforestry; Fabaceae; Gleditsia triacanthos; microsatellite; next-generation sequencing AB Premise of the study: Fourteen genomic microsatellite markers were developed and characterized in honey locust, Gleditsia triacanthos, using Illumina sequencing. Due to their high variability, these markers can be applied in analyses of genetic diversity and structure, and in mating system and gene flow studies. Methods and Results: Thirty-six individuals from across the species range were included in a genetic diversity analysis and yielded three to 20 alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.214 to 0.944 and from 0.400 to 0.934, respectively, with minimal occurrence of null alleles. Regular segregation of maternal alleles was observed at seven loci and moderate segregation distortion at four of 11 loci that were heterozygous in the seed parent. Conclusions: Honey locust is an important agroforestry tree capable of very fast growth and tolerance of poor site conditions. This is the first report of genomic microsatellites for this species. C1 [Owusu, Sandra A.; Gailing, Oliver] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Staton, Margaret] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Jennings, Tara N.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schlarbaum, Scott] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Coggeshall, Mark V.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Romero-Severson, Jeanne] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Carlson, John E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Carlson, John E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gailing, O (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM ogailing@mtu.edu RI Romero-Severson, Jeanne/B-5259-2011 OI Romero-Severson, Jeanne/0000-0003-4112-7238 FU National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program [TRPGRA2 IOS-1025974]; Ecosystem Science Center; Biotech Research Center of Michigan Technological University FX The authors thank Nick Wheeler for his guidance and contributions, and Richard Cronn, Brian Knaus, and Kimberly Hansen for assistance with Illumina library construction and sequencing. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (grant no. TRPGRA2 IOS-1025974). Additional funding was provided by the Ecosystem Science Center and the Biotech Research Center of Michigan Technological University. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 1 IS 12 AR 1300050 DI 10.3732/apps.1300050 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ1RK UT WOS:000342558500003 ER PT J AU Yee, JL Montiel, NA Ardeshr, A Lerche, NW AF Yee, JoAnn L. Montiel, Nestor A. Ardeshr, Amir Lerche, Nicholas W. TI Constitutive Release of IFN gamma and IL2 from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) Infected with Simian T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HTLV, human T cell lymphotropic virus; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; STLV, simian T cell lymphotropic virus ID I-ASSOCIATED MYELOPATHY; AFRICAN-GREEN MONKEYS; LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; HTLV-I; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; INTERFERON-GAMMA; SPASTIC PARAPARESIS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; PROVIRAL LOAD AB Simian T-cell lymphotropic viruses (STLV), the nonhuman primate counterparts of human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV), are endemic in many populations of African and Asian monkeys and apes. Although an etiologic link between STLV1 infection and lymphoproliferative disorders such as malignant lymphomas has been suggested in some nonhuman primate species, most STLV infections are inapparent, and infected animals remain clinically healthy. The retroviral transactivator, tax, is well known to increase transcription of viral and cellular genes, resulting in altered cytokine profiles. This study compared the cytokine profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from 25 STLV1-seropositive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with those of age- and sex-matched seronegative controls. IFN gamma, TNF alpha, IL10, and IL2 levels in unstimulated PBMC culture supernatants were measured at 24, 48, and 72 h by using enzyme immunoassays. IFN gamma, concentrations were found significantly higher in the supernatants of PBMC cultures of seropositive monkeys as compared with seronegative controls. In addition, although IL2 concentrations were not significantly elevated in the supernatants of PBMC cultures of all seropositive monkeys as compared with all seronegative controls, IL2 levels were increased in a subset of 5 pairs. Increased constitutive cytokine release occurred in the absence of spontaneous proliferation. The increased constitutive release of IFN gamma and IL2 suggests that STLV1 alters immune functions in infected but clinically healthy rhesus macaques and further characterizes STLV1 infection of rhesus macaques as a potential model for human HTLV1 infection. C1 [Yee, JoAnn L.; Ardeshr, Amir; Lerche, Nicholas W.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Pathogen Detect Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Montiel, Nestor A.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. RP Yee, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Pathogen Detect Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM joyee@ucdavis.edu FU NCRR/NIH [RR00169] FX This study was supported in part by NCRR/NIH grant number RR00169 to the California National Primate Research Center. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 63 IS 6 BP 508 EP 514 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA AN7VW UT WOS:000340810100007 PM 24326227 ER PT J AU Choudhary, S Zieger, U Sharma, RN Chikweto, A Tiwari, KP Ferreira, LR Oliveira, S Barkley, LJ Verma, SK Kwok, OCH Su, CL Dubey, JP AF Choudhary, Shanti Zieger, Ulrike Sharma, Ravindra N. Chikweto, Alfred Tiwari, Keshaw P. Ferreira, Leandra R. Oliveira, Solange Barkley, Lovell J. Verma, Shiv Kumar Kwok, Oliver C. H. Su, Chunlei Dubey, J. P. TI ISOLATION AND RFLP GENOTYPING OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII FROM THE MONGOOSE (HERPESTES AUROPUNCTATUS) IN GRENADA, WEST INDIES SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Genetic types; Grenada; Herpestes auropunctatus; isolation; mongoose; seroprevalence; Toxoplasma gondii ID SEROPREVALENCE AB Little is known of the genetic diversity and epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in wildlife in Caribbean Islands. The prevalence and genetic diversity of T. gondii in mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) was investigated. During 2011 and 2012, 91 mongooses were trapped in different parts of Grenada, bled, euthanized, and examined at necropsy. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 27 mongooses tested by the modified agglutination test (cut-off titer 25). Muscles (heart, tongue, neck) of 25 of the seropositive mongooses were bioassayed for T. gondii infection in mice. Viable T. gondii was isolated by bioassay in mice from four mongooses with MAT titers of 1: 50 in two, 1: 200 for one, and 1: 400 for one mongoose. The four T. gondii isolates were further propagated in cell culture. Strain typing of T. gondii DNA extracted from cell-cultured tachyzoites using the 10 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico revealed one isolate belongs to the Type III (ToxoDB #2) lineage, two to ToxoDB#7 lineage, and one to the ToxoDB #216 lineage. This is the first report of T. gondii isolation and genotyping in H. auropunctatus worldwide. C1 [Choudhary, Shanti; Ferreira, Leandra R.; Oliveira, Solange; Barkley, Lovell J.; Verma, Shiv Kumar; Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zieger, Ulrike; Sharma, Ravindra N.; Chikweto, Alfred; Tiwari, Keshaw P.] St Georges Univ, Sch Vet Med, True Blue, Grenada. [Su, Chunlei] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1127 EP 1130 DI 10.1638/2013-0129.1 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1ZR UT WOS:000339648300047 PM 24450085 ER PT J AU Rosypal, AC Alexander, A Byrd, D Weaver, M Stewart, R Gerhold, R Houston, A Van Why, K Dubey, JP AF Rosypal, Alexa C. Alexander, Andrew Byrd, Darrica Weaver, Melanie Stewart, Richard Gerhold, Richard Houston, Allan Van Why, Kyle Dubey, Jitender P. TI SURVEY OF ANTIBODIES TO LEISHMANIA SPP. IN WILD CANIDS FROM PENNSYLVANIA AND TENNESSEE SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Antibody; coyote; fox; Leishmania; parasite ID VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; TRANSMISSION; RESERVOIR; INFANTUM; CAROLINA; FOX AB Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonosis with worldwide distribution. Infections with the Leishmania donovani complex, including Leishmania infantum, cause the VL. Domestic dogs are the most important reservoir host for human VL, and wild canids are also susceptible. In the United States, infections with L. infantum are common in the foxhound dog breed. Little information is available regarding L. infantum in wild canids in the Unites States. Sera from 11 foxes and 256 coyotes originating in Pennsylvania and Tennessee (USA) were tested for antibodies to visceralizing Leishmania spp. with rapid immunochromatographic dipstick assays, which utilize recombinant antigen K39. Anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies were found in 5 of 267 (1.9%) of wild canids from Pennsylvania, including four coyotes and one red fox. These results suggest that wild canids are exposed to Leishmania spp. at a low level in the United States. C1 [Rosypal, Alexa C.; Alexander, Andrew; Byrd, Darrica] Johnson C Smith Univ, Coll Sci Technol Engn & Math, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Charlotte, NC 28216 USA. [Weaver, Melanie] Bur Wildlife Management, Penn Game Commiss, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA. [Weaver, Melanie; Stewart, Richard] Shippensburg Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Shippensburg, PA 17257 USA. [Gerhold, Richard] Univ Tennessee, Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed & Diagnost Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Houston, Allan] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Ames Plantat, Grand Junction, TN 38039 USA. [Van Why, Kyle] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Harrisburg, PA 17106 USA. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rosypal, AC (reprint author), Johnson C Smith Univ, Coll Sci Technol Engn & Math, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Charlotte, NC 28216 USA. EM acrosypal@jcsu.edu RI Rosypal, Alexa/I-7114-2016 FU Smith Institute of Applied Research at Johnson C. Smith University FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the Smith Institute of Applied Research at Johnson C. Smith University to ACR. Thanks to Ames Plantation for assistance with coyotes from Tennessee. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1131 EP 1133 DI 10.1638/2013-0151R.1 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1ZR UT WOS:000339648300048 PM 24450086 ER PT J AU Eisemann, JD O'Hare, JR Fagerstone, KA AF Eisemann, John D. O'Hare, Jeanette R. Fagerstone, Kathleen A. TI STATE-LEVEL APPROACHES TO MANAGING THE USE OF CONTRACEPTIVES IN WILDLIFE IN THE UNITED STATES SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Birth control; contraceptives; fertility control; regulation; wildlife; wildlife management AB Several fertility control agents have recently been registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for management of wildlife or other free-ranging animals. The registration of GonaCon (TM) Immunocontraceptive Vaccine for use in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and OvoControl for use in Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and pigeons (Columba livia) has caused state wildlife and land management agencies to review their regulatory authority over the use of contraceptives in wildlife. As a result, many states are taking steps to ensure legislation or policies are current with emerging technologies. This article examines the various approaches states are taking to regulate the use of contraceptives. Regardless of the final regulatory approach, biological, social, economic, and political implications must all be discussed as this new tool is introduced into the field of wildlife management. Thoughtful consideration of all aspects of wildlife contraceptive use will lead to the development of sound, best management practices for current and future products. C1 [Eisemann, John D.; O'Hare, Jeanette R.; Fagerstone, Kathleen A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Eisemann, JD (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM John.D.Eisemann@aphis.usda.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 44 IS 4 SU S BP S47 EP S51 DI 10.1638/1042-7260-44.4S.S47 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1ZY UT WOS:000339649000009 PM 24437085 ER PT J AU Miller, LA Fagerstone, KA Eckery, DC AF Miller, Lowell A. Fagerstone, Kathleen A. Eckery, Douglas C. TI TWENTY YEARS OF IMMUNOCONTRACEPTIVE RESEARCH: LESSONS LEARNED SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE AdjuVac; GonaCon; immunocontraceptive vaccine; KLH; Mycobacterium avium ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; PORCINE ZONA-PELLUCIDA; ELK CERVUS-ELAPHUS; GNRH VACCINE; ANTIBODY-PRODUCTION; FERTILITY-CONTROL; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; RABIES VACCINE; SINGLE-SHOT; GONACON(TM) AB The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) began immunocontraception vaccine research by testing porcine zona pellucida (PZP) on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Early PZP research demonstrated that PZP induced infertility; however, increased length of the rut was observed in PZP-treated deer. An alternative vaccine using a keyhole limpet hemocyanin-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (KLH-GnRH) conjugate formulated with modified Freund's adjuvant was developed at NWRC. Suppression of GnRH has reduced reproduction in both sexes but is most effective in females. This vaccine was effective in preventing contraception in female deer for several years after a prime and boost. Due to adverse side effects of Freund's adjuvant, NWRC developed a new adjuvant called AdjuVac, a mineral oil/surfactant adjuvant with the addition of Mycobacterium avium as an immunostimulant. The price of KLH prompted a search for a more economical hemocyanin carrier protein for the GnRH peptide. Blue protein, derived from the mollusk Concholepas concholepas, proved to be a successful option. Formulation improvements resulted in a vaccine that can be effective as a single injection for multiple years, now called GonaCon. GonaCon is registered with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for use in white-tailed deer in urban/suburban areas and for wild horses (Equus caballus) and burros (Equus asinus). Future GonaCon applications may include reducing reproduction to manage populations of other wildlife species, such as prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in urban areas and suppressing reproduction to reduce the spread of venereal diseases such as brucellosis. Research is being conducted to develop a GnRH vaccine used in combination with the rabies vaccine to control population growth in free-roaming dogs, with the secondary effect of managing the spread of rabies. The EPA would regulate all these uses. Research is also ongoing on a GnRH vaccine to delay the onset of adrenocortical disease in pet ferrets (Mustela putorius), a use regulated by the United States Department of Agriculture. C1 [Miller, Lowell A.; Fagerstone, Kathleen A.; Eckery, Douglas C.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Fagerstone, KA (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Kathleen.A.Fagerstone@aphis.usda.gov NR 67 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 44 IS 4 SU S BP S84 EP S96 DI 10.1638/1042-7260-44.4S.S84 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1ZY UT WOS:000339649000012 PM 24437088 ER PT J AU Rhyan, JC Miller, LA Fagerstone, KA AF Rhyan, Jack C. Miller, Lowell A. Fagerstone, Kathleen A. TI THE USE OF CONTRACEPTION AS A DISEASE MANAGEMENT TOOL IN WILDLIFE SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Bison; Brucella abortus; brucellosis; gonadotropin-releasing hormone; immunocontraception ID BRUCELLA-ABORTUS; VACCINE; BISON AB Contraception offers potential as a tool for managing certain diseases in wildlife, most notably venereally transmitted diseases or diseases transmitted at parturition. Brucellosis is an excellent example of an infectious disease present in wild populations that could potentially be managed through immunocontraception. Previous studies in bison (Bison bison) suggest that a single injection of GonaCon (TM) (National Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Wildlife Services, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA) results in 3 or more yr of infertility. Ongoing studies will determine if the use of GonaCon in bison decreases shedding of Brucella abortus from infected animals and will better define the duration of infertility following a single injection C1 [Rhyan, Jack C.; Miller, Lowell A.; Fagerstone, Kathleen A.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Rhyan, JC (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jack.c.rhyan@aphis.usda.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 44 IS 4 SU S BP S135 EP S137 DI 10.1638/1042-7260-44.4S.S135 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM1ZY UT WOS:000339649000018 PM 24437094 ER PT J AU Steenwerth, KL McElrone, AJ Calderon-Orellana, A Hanifin, RC Storm, C Collatz, W Manuck, C AF Steenwerth, Kerri L. McElrone, Andrew J. Calderon-Orellana, Arturo Hanifin, Robert C. Storm, Chris Collatz, Wesley Manuck, Christine TI Cover Crops and Tillage in a Mature Merlot Vineyard Show Few Effects on Grapevines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE LA English DT Article DE tillage; nutrient management; competition; legume; no-till ID MICROBIOLOGICAL FUNCTION; MEDITERRANEAN VINEYARD; INTERCROPPING SYSTEM; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; WATER RELATIONS; GRASS COVER; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN; DYNAMICS AB Permanent cover crops are commonly used in vineyard floor management because of their beneficial effects to soil and vine health, but studies evaluating their competitive effects on vines have been conducted primarily in nonirrigated vineyards. Future air quality regulations could mandate the use of no-till floor management practices in California's Central Valley. We evaluated the combined effects of cover crop type (oats alone or oats grown with legumes) and tillage on soil nutrient availability, vine nutrition, growth, and yield characteristics of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot grown under regulated deficit irrigation in a commercial vineyard from 2008 to 2010. Five treatments were used: Resident Vegetation (RV) + Till, Oats + Till, Oats/Legumes + Till, Oats + NoTill, and Oats/Legumes + NoTill. No differences in soil nutrient availability were found among the treatments. Of the numerous nutritional constituents analyzed on leaf petioles and blades, only NO3-N-petiole was affected by floor management. At nearly all growth stages among all years, NO3-N-petiole of tilled treatments was twice the no-till treatments. At harvest, yield, mean cluster weight, cluster number per vine, and aboveground cover crop biomass differed among treatments in 2009 and/or 2010 but not in the first year (2008); however, responses were not consistent among treatments within each respective year. Importantly, yields were similar from all four cover crop treatments compared to the typical management (RV + Till), suggesting that use of cover crops and/or no-till practices may be implemented in an irrigated vineyard with little immediate effect on grape productivity in mature vineyards. C1 [Steenwerth, Kerri L.; McElrone, Andrew J.; Hanifin, Robert C.; Collatz, Wesley; Manuck, Christine] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Calderon-Orellana, Arturo] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Calderon-Orellana, Arturo] Univ Chile, Fac Agr Sci, Santiago, Chile. [Storm, Chris] Vino Farms Inc, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Steenwerth, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kerri.steenwerth@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 40 PU AMER SOC ENOLOGY VITICULTURE PI DAVIS PA PO BOX 1855, DAVIS, CA 95617-1855 USA SN 0002-9254 EI 1943-7749 J9 AM J ENOL VITICULT JI Am. J. Enol. Vitic. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 64 IS 4 BP 515 EP 521 DI 10.5344/ajev.2013.12119 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA AL1ZC UT WOS:000338924500011 ER PT J AU Wei, D Huang, YB Zhao, CJ Xiu, W Liu, JL AF Wei, Deng Huang, Yanbo Zhao Chunjiang Xiu, Wang Liu Jinlong TI Spatial distribution visualization of PWAT continuous variable-rate spray SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE spray distribution; pulse width modulation (PWM); variable-rate spray; distribution visualization AB Pesticide application is a dynamic spatial distribution process, in which spray liquid should be able to cover the targets with desired thickness and uniformity. Therefore, it is important to study the 2-D and 3-D (dimensional) spray distribution to evaluate spraying quality. The curve-surface generation methods in Excel were used to establish 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D graphics of variable-rate spray distribution in order to characterize the space distribution of the variable-rate spray. The 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D distribution graphs of Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)-based continuous variable-rate spray were developed to provide a tool to analyze the distribution characteristics of the spray. The 1-D graph showed that the spray distribution concentrated toward the center of the spray field with the decreased flow-rate. The 2-D graph showed that the spray distribution always spread as the shape of Normal Probability Distribution with the change of the flow-rate. The 3-D graph showed that the spray distribution tended to be uniform when the sprayer travelled forward at the appropriate speed. This study indicated that the visualization method could be directly used for analysis and comparison of different variable-rate spray distributions from different experimental conditions and measuring methods. C1 [Wei, Deng; Zhao Chunjiang; Xiu, Wang] Beijing Acad Agriculture & Forestry Sci, Beijing Res Ctr Intelligent Equipment Agr, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. [Huang, Yanbo] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Liu Jinlong] Baoding Radio & TV Univ, Baoding 071000, Peoples R China. RP Wei, D (reprint author), Beijing Nongke Mans, 11 ShuGuang Hua Yuan Middle Rd, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. EM dengw@nercita.org.cn; yanbo.huang@ars.usda.gov; zhaocj@nercita.org.cn; wangx@nercita.org.cn FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2012AA101904]; National Sci-tech Support Plan Projects of China for the 12th Five-year Plan [2011BAD20B07] FX This research was financially supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2012AA101904) and the National Sci-tech Support Plan Projects of China for the 12th Five-year Plan (2011BAD20B07). The authors acknowledge the National Experimental Station of Precision Agriculture of China. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU CHINESE ACAD AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING PI BEIJING PA RM 506, 41, MAIZIDIAN ST, CHAOYANG DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100125, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1934-6344 EI 1934-6352 J9 INT J AGR BIOL ENG JI Int. J. Agric. Biol. Eng. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.3965/j.ijabe.20130604.001 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AK2RN UT WOS:000338267300001 ER PT J AU Carbone, MS Czimczik, CI Keenan, TF Murakami, PF Pederson, N Schaberg, PG Xu, XM Richardson, AD AF Carbone, Mariah S. Czimczik, Claudia I. Keenan, Trevor F. Murakami, Paula F. Pederson, Neil Schaberg, Paul G. Xu, Xiaomei Richardson, Andrew D. TI Age, allocation and availability of nonstructural carbon in mature red maple trees SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE C-13; Acer rubrum (red maple); carbohydrates; radiocarbon (C-14); ring growth; sprouts; stem respiration; storage; stump ID TEMPERATE FOREST TREES; SOIL RESPIRATION; ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; SEASONAL PATTERNS; TROPICAL FOREST; BOREAL FOREST; SUGAR MAPLE; C-14 DATA; CO2; STORAGE AB The allocation of nonstructural carbon (NSC) to growth, metabolism and storage remains poorly understood, but is critical for the prediction of stress tolerance and mortality. We used the radiocarbon (C-14) 'bomb spike' as a tracer of substrate and age of carbon in stemwood NSC, CO2 emitted by stems, tree ring cellulose and stump sprouts regenerated following harvesting in mature red maple trees. We addressed the following questions: which factors influence the age of stemwood NSC?; to what extent is stored vs new NSC used for metabolism and growth?; and, is older, stored NSC available for use? The mean age of extracted stemwood NSC was 10 yr. More vigorous trees had both larger and younger stemwood NSC pools. NSC used to support metabolism (stem CO2) was 1-2 yr old in spring before leaves emerged, but reflected current-year photosynthetic products in late summer. The tree ring cellulose C-14 age was 0.9 yr older than direct ring counts. Stump sprouts were formed from NSC up to 17 yr old. Thus, younger NSC is preferentially used for growth and day-to-day metabolic demands. More recently stored NSC contributes to annual ring growth and metabolism in the dormant season, yet decade-old and older NSC is accessible for regrowth. C1 [Carbone, Mariah S.; Keenan, Trevor F.; Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Czimczik, Claudia I.; Xu, Xiaomei] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Murakami, Paula F.; Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Pederson, Neil] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. RP Carbone, MS (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, 8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM mariah.carbone@unh.edu RI Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Carbone, Mariah/H-7389-2012; Keenan, Trevor/B-2744-2010 OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Carbone, Mariah/0000-0002-7832-7009; Keenan, Trevor/0000-0002-3347-0258 FU Milton Fund at Harvard University; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; National Science Foundation (NSF) [EF-0553768] FX The Milton Fund at Harvard University supported this work. M. S. C. was supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a center funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Grant no. EF-0553768). We thank J. Muhr for the use of the chambers, and S. Djuricin, W. Young and N. Huntington for their assistance in the laboratory. We thank the USDA Forest Service for permission to conduct research in the White Mountain National Forest, and acknowledge the logistical support provided by T. Wagner and R. Alimi. We thank J. O'Keefe and the Harvard Forest Woods Crew for their assistance with field collections. NR 57 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 16 U2 72 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 200 IS 4 BP 1145 EP 1155 DI 10.1111/nph.12448 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AA2WQ UT WOS:000330955300020 PM 24032647 ER PT J AU Blumenthal, DM Resco, V Morgan, JA Williams, DG LeCain, DR Hardy, EM Pendall, E Bladyka, E AF Blumenthal, Dana M. Resco, Victor Morgan, Jack A. Williams, David G. LeCain, Daniel R. Hardy, Erik M. Pendall, Elise Bladyka, Emma TI Invasive forb benefits from water savings by native plants and carbon fertilization under elevated CO2 and warming SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE climate change; elevated carbon dioxide; global change; invasive plant; photosynthesis; stomatal conductance; warming; water use efficiency (WUE) ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; SPECIES SUCCESS; USE EFFICIENCY; SOIL-MOISTURE; C-4 GRASSES; ENRICHMENT AB As global changes reorganize plant communities, invasive plants may benefit. We hypothesized that elevated CO2 and warming would strongly influence invasive species success in a semi-arid grassland, as a result of both direct and water-mediated indirect effects. To test this hypothesis, we transplanted the invasive forb Linaria dalmatica into mixed-grass prairie treated with free-air CO2 enrichment and infrared warming, and followed survival, growth, and reproduction over 4 yr. We also measured leaf gas exchange and carbon isotopic composition in L. dalmatica and the dominant native C-3 grass Pascopyrum smithii. CO2 enrichment increased L. dalmatica biomass 13-fold, seed production 32-fold, and clonal expansion seven-fold, while warming had little effect on L. dalmatica biomass or reproduction. Elevated CO2 decreased stomatal conductance in P. smithii, contributing to higher soil water, but not in L. dalmatica. Elevated CO2 also strongly increased L. dalmatica photosynthesis (87% versus 23% in P. smithii), as a result of both enhanced carbon supply and increased soil water. More broadly, rapid growth and less conservative water use may allow invasive species to take advantage of both carbon fertilization and water savings under elevated CO2. Water-limited ecosystems may therefore be particularly vulnerable to invasion as CO2 increases. C1 [Blumenthal, Dana M.; Morgan, Jack A.; LeCain, Daniel R.; Hardy, Erik M.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Resco, Victor] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Williams, David G.; Bladyka, Emma] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Williams, David G.; Bladyka, Emma] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Blumenthal, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dana.blumenthal@ars.usda.gov RI Williams, David/A-6407-2014; Resco de Dios, Victor/G-5555-2014; OI Williams, David/0000-0003-3627-5260; Resco de Dios, Victor/0000-0002-5721-1656; Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program; United States Department of Agriculture-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; United States Department of Energy's Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research) through the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University; United States National Science Foundation (DEB) [1021559] FX We are grateful to Caitlin Brooks, Laura Dev, Megan Dudley, Joseph Henderer, Caitlin May, Matthew Parsons, Jennifer Regier, David Smith, Steve Tekell, and Stacy Wetherelt for technical and field assistance, to Phillip Chapman and Mark West for statistical advice, and to Ruth Hufbauer, Julie Kray, Andrew Norton, Laura Perry, and several anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program, the United States Department of Agriculture-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Soil Processes Program (grant no. 2008-35107-18655), the United States Department of Energy's Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research) through the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University, and the United States National Science Foundation (DEB no. 1021559). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. Mention of commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 60 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 9 U2 81 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 200 IS 4 BP 1156 EP 1165 DI 10.1111/nph.12459 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AA2WQ UT WOS:000330955300021 PM 24033081 ER PT J AU Viola, MR de Mello, CR Beskow, S Norton, LD AF Viola, Marcelo Ribeiro de Mello, Carlos Rogerio Beskow, Samuel Norton, Lloyd Darrell TI Applicability of the LASH Model for Hydrological Simulation of the Grande River Basin, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Hydrology; Headwaters; Hydrologic models; Geographic information systems; Brazil; Simulation; River basins; Hydrology; Headwaters; Hydrologic model; Geographic information system (GIS) ID WATER-BALANCE; RAINFALL; RUNOFF; UNCERTAINTY; PERFORMANCE; URUGUAY; REGION AB The Lavras Simulation of Hydrology (LASH) hydrological model is classified as a deterministic, semiconceptual, and spatially distributed model. This model was developed to make available a tool for hydrological analysis in watersheds with a limited database, and it has presented good streamflow predictions. The aim of this study was to calibrate and validate the LASH model for hydrological simulation of the following watersheds which make up the headwaters of the Grande River basin (southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil): the Aiuruoca, Grande, Sapucai, and Verde river basins. The LASH model simulated adequately the hydrological regimes of the previously mentioned watersheds, presenting satisfactory performances for all the watersheds, which can be emphasized by the Nash-Sutclifffe coefficient (CNS) values greater than 0.70. The analysis of the main hydrological processes simulated by the LASH model confirmed that the results were consistent with the hydrological characteristics observed on the respective watersheds. The simulated daily flow-duration curves demonstrated good agreement in relation to the observed curves, indicating only a few errors in estimation of extreme streamflow events. It was found that the LASH model can be applied for hydrological simulation of headwater watersheds situated in the Grande River basin under land-use scenarios and meteorological and environmental conditions other than the ones used in this study. Therefore, it can be considered an important tool for planning and management of water resources in this region. C1 [Viola, Marcelo Ribeiro] Fed Univ Tocantis, Forest Engn Dept, Hydraul Lab, BR-77402970 Gurupi, TO, Brazil. [de Mello, Carlos Rogerio] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Engn, Soil & Water Engn Grp, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Beskow, Samuel] Univ Fed Pelotas, Ctr Technol Dev Water Resources Engn, BR-96010670 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Norton, Lloyd Darrell] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP de Mello, CR (reprint author), Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Engn, Soil & Water Engn Grp, CP 3037, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. EM crmello@deg.ufla.br OI de Mello, Carlos/0000-0002-6033-5342 NR 56 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1639 EP 1652 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000735 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AE5KC UT WOS:000334026600008 ER PT J AU Elrashidi, MA Seybold, CA Delgado, J AF Elrashidi, Moustafa A. Seybold, Cathy A. Delgado, Jorge TI Annual Precipitation and Effects of Runoff Nutrient From Agricultural Watersheds on Water Quality SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; precipitation; runoff; carbon; nitrogen; sulfur ID NITRATE-NITROGEN; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PHOSPHORUS; SOIL; GROUNDWATER; SEDIMENT; NEBRASKA; PEATLAND; FLUXES; FOREST AB Declining surface water quality from agricultural nonpoint sources is of great concern across the Great Plains. Trends in the earth climate create abrupt changes in domestic weather (i.e., precipitation) that can alter the impact of the nonpoint sources on water quality. A 2-year (dry 2009 and wet 2010) study was conducted to assess the impact of soil C, N, and S losses by runoff on water quality of Salt Creek in the Roca watershed, Nebraska. Average dissolved nutrient concentrations in runoff were 95.4 and 94.9% of the total for the dry and wet years, respectively. The remaining nutrients in runoff were associated with sediment. Nutrient concentrations during the dry year were generally greater than those during the wet year. Average concentrations for 2009 were 63.2, 1.87, and 53.5 mg/L for C, N, and S, respectively, whereas concentrations for 2010 were 54.0, 3.0, and 16.6 mg/L, respectively. Total soil nutrient losses were greater for the wet year than those for the dry year. The dry year nutrient losses were 607, 19,978, and 441,569 metric tons for C, N, and S, respectively, whereas losses for the wet year were 1,997, 138,380, and 608,172 metric tons, respectively. These losses could be considered as the annual nutrient loadings for Salt Creek. Concentrations of C, N, and S measured in Salt Creek during the study were not expected to have any adverse effect on human/animal health or aquatic life. We concluded that greater precipitation during the wet year increased the impact on water quality and soil fertility in the Roca watershed. C1 [Elrashidi, Moustafa A.; Seybold, Cathy A.; Delgado, Jorge] NRCS, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Elrashidi, MA (reprint author), NRCS, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, 100 Centennial Mall N, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. EM moustafa.elrashidi@lin.usda.gov NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 178 IS 12 BP 679 EP 688 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000033 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AH9AI UT WOS:000336430300005 ER PT J AU Rossman, AY Manamgoda, DS Hyde, KD AF Rossman, Amy Y. Manamgoda, Dimuthu S. Hyde, Kevin D. TI Proposal to conserve the name Bipolaris against Cochliobolus (Ascomycota: Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae) SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rossman, Amy Y.; Manamgoda, Dimuthu S.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Manamgoda, Dimuthu S.; Hyde, Kevin D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Sch Sci, Inst Excellence Fungal Res, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. RP Rossman, AY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Amy.Rossman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC PY 2013 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1331 EP 1332 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AG0RZ UT WOS:000335124600023 ER PT J AU Rossman, AY Manamgoda, DS Hyde, KD AF Rossman, Amy Y. Manamgoda, Dimuthu S. Hyde, Kevin D. TI Proposal to conserve the name Helminthosporium maydis Y. Nisik. & C. Miyake (Bipolaris maydis) against H. maydis Brond. and Ophiobolus heterostrophus (Ascomycota: Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae) SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rossman, Amy Y.; Manamgoda, Dimuthu S.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Manamgoda, Dimuthu S.; Hyde, Kevin D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Sch Sci, Inst Excellence Fungal Res, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. RP Rossman, AY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Amy.Rossman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC PY 2013 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1332 EP 1333 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AG0RZ UT WOS:000335124600024 ER PT J AU Kahlon, TS Milczarek, RR Chiu, MM AF Kahlon, T. S. Milczarek, R. R. Chiu, M. M. TI Whole Grain Gluten-Free Egg-free High Protein Pasta SO VEGETOS LA English DT Article DE Protein; Food; Food grains; Gluten free food AB The USDA food guide recommends that at least of all the grains eaten should be whole grains. The FDA allows food Health Claim labels for food containing 51% whole gains and 11 g of dietary fiber. This is the only report demonstrating innovative whole grain, high protein, gluten-free, egg-free pasta (no chemicals added) made using a kitchen counter-top appliance. Whole grain, high protein, gluten-free, egg-free pasta (fusilli) was prepared with corn (maize), millet, brown rice and sorghum flours, with the addition of whole garbanzo flour to increase the protein content. Dough formulations contained 47% whole grain cereal flour, 47% whole garbanzo flour and 6% guar gum. Taste panels of 67 in-house volunteers judged whole grain corn-garbanzo fusilli pasta was significantly (P <= 0.05) better in Color/Appearance than millet-garbanzo and sorghum-garbanzo whole gains pasta. Brown rice-garbanzo pasta was similar to corn-garbanzo and millet-garbanzo pasta in Color/Appearance and significantly better than sorghum-garbanzo pasta. Brown rice-garbanzo pasta was significantly better in Odor/Aroma, Taste/Flavor, and Texture/Mouth feel than other whole grain high protein pasta tested. Acceptance for brown rice-garbanzo and corn-garbanzo pasta was similar and significantly higher than millet-garbanzo and sorghum-garbanzo pasta. Novel health promoting whole grain, high protein, gluten-free, egg-free (no chemicals added) pasta had brown rice-garbanzo 84%, corn-garbanzo 70%, millet-garbanzo 54% and sorghum-garbanzo 48% acceptance. Whole grain, high protein, gluten-free, egg-free pasta would increase whole grain consumption and offer a healthy option to vegetarians as well as to gluten sensitive individuals. C1 [Kahlon, T. S.; Milczarek, R. R.; Chiu, M. M.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kahlon, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Talwinder.kahlon@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 23 PU SOC PLANT RESEARCH PI MEERUT PA O-89, PALLAVPURAM PHASE-II, MEERUT, 250 110 U P, INDIA SN 0970-4078 EI 2092-7843 J9 VEGETOS JI Vegetos PD DEC PY 2013 VL 26 IS 2 BP 65 EP 71 DI 10.5958/j.2229-4473.26.2.055 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AF3JW UT WOS:000334609300009 ER PT J AU Ovando-Martinez, M Ozsisli, B Anderson, J Whitney, K Ohm, JB Simsek, S AF Ovando-Martinez, Maribel Ozsisli, Bahri Anderson, James Whitney, Kristin Ohm, Jae-Bom Simsek, Senay TI Analysis of Deoxynivalenol and Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in Hard Red Spring Wheat Inoculated with Fusarium Graminearum SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE fusarium; wheat; deoxinyvalenol; deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside ID MYCOTOXIN DEOXYNIVALENOL; UDP-GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HEAD BLIGHT; CHROMATOGRAPHY; RESISTANCE; ABILITY; BARLEY AB Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin affecting wheat quality. The formation of the masked mycotoxin deoxinyvalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) results from a defense mechanism the plant uses for detoxification. Both mycotoxins are important from a food safety point of view. The aim of this work was to analyze DON and D3G content in inoculated near-isogenic wheat lines grown at two locations in Minnesota, USA during three different years. Regression analysis showed positive correlation between DON content measured with LC and GC among wheat lines, locality and year. The relationship between DON and D3G showed a linear increase until a certain point, after which the DON content and the D3G increased. Wheat lines having higher susceptibility to Fusarium showed the opposite trend. ANOVA demonstrated that the line and location have a greater effect on variation of DON and D3G than do their interaction among years. The most important factor affecting DON and D3G was the growing location. In conclusion, the year, environmental conditions and location have an effect on the D3G/DON ratio in response to Fusarium infection. C1 [Ovando-Martinez, Maribel; Whitney, Kristin; Simsek, Senay] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ozsisli, Bahri] Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Food Engn, TR-46060 Kahramanmaras, Turkey. [Anderson, James] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] N Dakota State Univ, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Cereal Crops Res Unit, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Simsek, S (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM maribel.ovando@ndsu.edu; bozsisli@ksu.edu.tr; ander319@umn.edu; kristin.whitney@ndsu.edu; jae.ohm@ars.usda.gov; senay.simsek@ndsu.edu FU North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station; Minnesota Wheat Research and Promotion Council FX This work was supported by North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Minnesota Wheat Research and Promotion Council. We would like to thank DeLane Olsen for her help during the analysis of the wheat samples. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 26 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD DEC PY 2013 VL 5 IS 12 BP 2522 EP 2532 DI 10.3390/toxins5122522 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AC8OF UT WOS:000332792300014 PM 24351715 ER PT J AU Simsek, S Ovando-Martinez, M Ozsisli, B Whitney, K Ohm, JB AF Simsek, Senay Ovando-Martinez, Maribel Ozsisli, Bahri Whitney, Kristin Ohm, Jae-Bom TI Occurrence of Deoxynivalenol and Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in Hard Red Spring Wheat Grown in the USA SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE deoxynivalenol; deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside; wheat; USA ID MYCOTOXIN DEOXYNIVALENOL; FUSARIUM; GRAIN; ACCUMULATION; GRAMINEARUM; GENES AB Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin found in wheat that is infected with Fusarium fungus. DON may also be converted to a type of masked mycotoxin, named deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G), as a result of detoxification of the plant. In this study, DON and D3G were measured using gas chromatographic (GC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in wheat samples collected during 2011 and 2012 in the USA. Results indicate that the growing region had a significant effect on the DON and D3G (p < 0.0001). There was a positive correlation between both methods (GC and LC-MS) used for determination of DON content. DON showed a significant and positive correlation with D3G during 2011. Overall, DON production had an effect on D3G content and kernel damage, and was dependent on environmental conditions during Fusarium infection. C1 [Simsek, Senay; Ovando-Martinez, Maribel; Whitney, Kristin] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Ozsisli, Bahri] Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Food Engn, TR-46060 Kahramanmaras, Turkey. [Ohm, Jae-Bom] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Simsek, S (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM senay.simsek@ndsu.edu; maribel.ovando@ndsu.edu; bozsisli@ksu.edu.tr; kristin.whitney@ndsu.edu; jae.ohm@ars.usda.gov FU North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station; Minnesota Wheat Research and Promotion Council; North Dakota Wheat Commission FX This work was supported by North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station, Minnesota Wheat Research and Promotion Council and North Dakota Wheat Commission. We would like to thank DeLane Olsen for her help during the analysis of the wheat samples. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 16 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD DEC PY 2013 VL 5 IS 12 BP 2656 EP 2670 DI 10.3390/toxins5122656 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AC8OF UT WOS:000332792300019 PM 24351720 ER PT J AU Huff, GR Huff, WE Rath, NC AF Huff, G. R. Huff, W. E. Rath, N. C. TI Dexamethasone Immunosuppression Resulting in Turkey Clostridial Dermatitis: A Retrospective Analysis of Seven Studies, 1998-2009 SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE clostridial dermatitis; cellulitis; turkeys; stress ID MARKET-AGE TURKEYS; OSTEOMYELITIS COMPLEX; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; CELLULITIS; MECHANISMS; SEPTICUM; MODELS AB We have studied the etiology of turkey osteomyelitis complex (TOC) for the past 20 yr and have determined that this syndrome is caused by the inability of some fast-growing male turkeys to cope with production stressors. Although immunosuppressive viruses have often been associated with susceptibility to gangrenous dermatitis (cellulitis), we hypothesize that production stressors alone can also undermine resistance to opportunistic pathogens by both increasing bacterial translocation from the intestine and disrupting the skin's antimicrobial barrier, resulting in subcutaneous lesions referred to as cellulitis and recently named turkey clostridial dermatitis (CD). Some common characteristics between TOC and CD are that they are both caused by opportunistic bacterial species that are prevalent in the environment and are both most common in adolescent male birds. In both diseases the affected birds are often large, healthy, and from the best-performing flocks. Our TOC studies using dexamethasone immunosuppression result in a high incidence of cellulitis lesions in dead turkeys that were given either Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus respiratory challenges. The natural presence of Clostridium spp. in the poultry intestine and environment suggests that they may also have been concomitant pathogens. We suggest that a useful and repeatable model for CD can be developed by focusing on the ability of stress to increase diuresis and wet litter conditions and undermine both intestinal and cutaneous bacterial resistance in fast-growing male turkeys. C1 [Huff, G. R.; Huff, W. E.; Rath, N. C.] Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Huff, GR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, USDA, ARS, Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM grhuff@uark.edu FU USDA-ARS FX This study was funded by the USDA-ARS. We appreciate the excellent technical assistance of USDA-ARS research technicians Dana Bassi, Scott Zornes, and Dr. Sonia Tsai, and our animal caretaker, Wally McDonner. The USDA prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S. W., Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 57 IS 4 BP 730 EP 736 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5ER UT WOS:000333275100003 PM 24597114 ER PT J AU Cao, WS Mays, J Dunn, J Fulton, R Silva, R Fadly, A AF Cao, Weisheng Mays, Jody Dunn, John Fulton, Richard Silva, Robert Fadly, Aly TI Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction in Detection of Marek's Disease and Reticuloendotheliosis Viruses in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tumorous Tissues SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Marek's disease virus; reticuloendotheliosis virus; formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues; polymerase chain reaction; detection ID REAL-TIME-PCR; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; RNA; HERPESVIRUS; VACCINATION; SEROTYPE-2; DIAGNOSIS; LYMPHOMAS; CHICKENS AB A simple PCR method was developed for the detection of Marek's disease (MD) and reticuloendotheliosis (RE) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, and for the detection of MD in tissues only preserved in 10% neutral buffered formalin. MD virus (MDV) and RE virus proviral DNA were detected in FFPE tissues stored for over 20 yr. MDV was also detected in tissues only preserved in formalin for up to 6 mo. The data indicate that PCR of formalin-fixed and FFPE tissues is a simple and valuable tool that can be used to identify MD and RE infection. The method described in this paper is a good alternative to any biologic or immunohistochemical assay to confirm the detection of MD and RE, as it does not require shipping frozen tissues to the diagnostic laboratory. C1 [Cao, Weisheng; Mays, Jody; Dunn, John; Silva, Robert; Fadly, Aly] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Cao, Weisheng] South China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Fulton, Richard] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Cao, WS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM ALY.FADLY@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 30 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 57 IS 4 BP 785 EP 789 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AD5ER UT WOS:000333275100011 PM 24597122 ER PT J AU Kokalis-Burelle, N Rosskopf, EN AF Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy Rosskopf, Erin N. TI SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SEVERAL FLORICULTURE CROPS TO THREE COMMON SPECIES OF MELOIDOGYNE IN FLORIDA SO NEMATROPICA LA English DT Article DE Antirrhinum; Celosia; cockscomb; Delphinium; floral crops; Florida; Helianthus; larkspur; Meloidogyne spp.; root-knot nematodes; snapdragon; sunflower ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; BEDDING PLANTS; IDENTIFICATION; PHENOTYPES; INCOGNITA AB The current and pending restriction on the use of soil fumigants and other nematicides effective in controlling nematodes in field grown floriculture crops has increased the importance of determining the relative susceptibility of these crops to important species of root-knot nematodes. Greenhouse experiments were performed to assess the susceptibility of several floriculture crops grown in Florida to the three most common species of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica. Root growth and health, as well as nematode galling and egg production were evaluated for Celosia argentea (cockscomb), Delphinium elatum (larkspur), Antirrhinum latifolium (snapdragon), and Helianthus annuus (sunflower). A susceptible host, Solanum lycopersicum ('Rutgers', tomato), was included in all trials for comparison. Most of the floral crops tested were highly susceptible to all three species of rootknot nematodes. Delphinium was not tested for susceptibility to M. arenaria but was consistently less susceptible to M. incognita and M. javanica than the other floral crops tested with those nematode species. Results of these greenhouse trials are consistent with observations from field trials on alternative fumigants conducted in Florida in which low levels of galling by root-knot nematodes were consistently observed on Delphinium. C1 [Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy; Rosskopf, Erin N.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Kokalis-Burelle, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM nancy.burelle@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ORGANIZATION TROP AMER NEMATOLOGISTS PI AUBURN PA AUBURN UNIV DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA SN 0099-5444 EI 2220-5608 J9 NEMATROPICA JI Nematropica PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 IS 2 BP 164 EP 170 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AB7UB UT WOS:000331995100003 ER PT J AU Millar, CI Westfall, RD Delany, DL AF Millar, Constance I. Westfall, Robert D. Delany, Diane L. TI NEW RECORDS OF MARGINAL LOCATIONS FOR AMERICAN PIKA (OCHOTONA PRINCEPS) IN THE WESTERN GREAT BASIN SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; POPULATION; DISPERSAL; NEVADA; USA; CALIFORNIA; PATTERNS AB We describe 46 new site records documenting occupancy by American pika (Ochotona princeps) at 21 locations from 8 mountain regions in the western Great Basin, California, and Nevada. These locations comprise a subset of sites selected from regional surveys to represent marginal, isolated, or otherwise atypical pika locations, and to provide information for assessing environmental tolerance limits. Several locations are known from historic observations (Madeline Plain, Bodie Mtns., Wassuk Mtns., Mono Craters) and are included here to update current status. Site elevations range from 1848 m to 3392 m; relative to the broad range of pika sites in the region, the new locations have climates that are 2-4 degrees C warmer and receive approximately half the annual precipitation. Sites are located in lava flows and domes, inselbergs (isolated, rocky exposures on a small hill), eroding bedrock, rock-glacier till, talus slopes, and anthropogenic roadbed armaments and mining ore dumps. Several sites are situated in uncommon vegetation contexts, for example, montane desert scrub communities or locations where vegetation adjacent to taluses is sparse or lacking. Proximity to surrounding pika habitats (as a measure of marginality) was evaluated based on relative talus distribution patterns for 0.5-km, 2.5-1cm, and 5.0-km circular areas nested around each site. Seven idealized, schematic spatial patterns were used to assess potential connectivity among sites, ranging from "island" (no other talus within the respective areas) to "even" (many talus patches regularly distributed). Applying this approach to the 21 sites demonstrated a simple method for qualitatively assessing pika habitat relative to dispersal potential and metapopulation viability and also revealed complexities of biogeographic patterns related to marginality. C1 [Millar, Constance I.; Westfall, Robert D.; Delany, Diane L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, WAB, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Millar, CI (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, WAB, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 31 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2013 VL 73 IS 4 BP 457 EP 476 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9JS UT WOS:000331410200006 ER PT J AU Cane, JH Johnson, C Napoles, JR Johnson, DA Hammon, R AF Cane, James H. Johnson, Clarence Romero Napoles, Jesus Johnson, Douglas A. Hammon, Robert TI SEED-FEEDING BEETLES (BRUCHINAE, CURCULIONIDAE, BRENTIDAE) FROM LEGUMES (DALEA ORNATA, ASTRAGALUS FILIPES) AND OTHER FORBS NEEDED FOR RESTORING RANGELANDS OF THE INTERMOUNTAIN WEST SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID AMERICA COLEOPTERA; BREEDING BIOLOGY; FABACEAE; NORTH; PLANT; HOST; LEGUMINOSAE; MILKVETCH; PARASITES; TYCHIUS AB Seed-feeding beetles of the genera Acanthoscelides, Apion, and occasionally Tychius were commonly found occurring in seeds from wild populations of Astragalus filipes and Dalea ornata across rangelands of the United States Intermountain West, resulting in many new state, county, and host records. These 2 legumes, as well as other perennial herbaceous species, are being commercially farmed to produce seed supplies to rehabilitate sagebrush-steppe and adjoining juniper woodlands following wildfires. Most of the seeds examined in this study hosted one or more seed-feeding beetles; beetles that pupate and overwinter in the seeds pose the risk of being transported to storage warehouses and distributed to new seedings, unless the beetles are first detected and then controlled. C1 [Cane, James H.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Johnson, Clarence] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Romero Napoles, Jesus] Colegio Postgrad Montecillo, Programa Entomol & Acarol CEIFIT, Montecillo, Estado De Mexic, Mexico. [Johnson, Douglas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hammon, Robert] Tri River Cooperat Extens, Grand Junction, CO 81502 USA. RP Cane, JH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project through the USDI-BLM Great Basin Restoration Initiative; USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We thank Melissa Weber for extracting beetles from many of the seed collections. Many seed collections were made by Kevin Connors, who was constantly attentive to insect associates. Dr. Wayne Clark (Auburn University) kindly provided authoritative identification for the species of Tychius and Smicronyx. This research was funded by the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project through the USDI-BLM Great Basin Restoration Initiative and the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Additional taxonomic expertise with bruchines was given by Dr. Geoffrey Morse. We are also grateful to him, Dr. Nancy Shaw, and 2 anonymous reviewers for detailed, constructive revisions. We dedicate this publication to the late Dr. Clarence Dan Johnson. Dan was an ever-helpful, enthused master of all things bruchine. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2013 VL 73 IS 4 BP 477 EP 484 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9JS UT WOS:000331410200007 ER PT J AU Piaggio, AJ Jeffers, J AF Piaggio, Antoinette J. Jeffers, Jennifer TI ON THE EDGE: A GENETIC ASSESSMENT OF APLODONTIA RUFA FROM THE EDGE OF THEIR DISTRIBUTION SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID POPULATION EXPANSION; ALLELE FREQUENCY; MOUNTAIN BEAVER; PHYLOGENY; SOFTWARE; EVOLUTION; NETWORKS; RODENTIA; MAMMALS AB Aplodontia rufa (mountain beaver) is considered the sole remaining extant genus and species of an ancient lineage that once broadly inhabited the Great Basin and is now restricted to the Pacific Northwest and portions of California and Nevada. Aplodontia rufa californica in Nevada is distributed patchily at the edge of mountain beaver distribution. Due to concern over the status of these populations this subspecies is listed in Nevada as sensitive. The Nevada Department of Wildlife is concerned about the status of Aplodontia rufa californica populations scattered across areas of central western Nevada and has worked to gain an understanding of the subspecies' current distribution and numbers. Because there is a lack of a thorough genetic analysis of these populations in Nevada, this study aims to assess the evolutionary relationships and connectivity of populations within Nevada and California. Therefore, we sampled each of the 9 known localities of Aplodontia rufa in Nevada, as well as 4 sites from the type locality region of the central Sierra Nevada Mountains of California for comparison, using mitochondrial DNA for phylogenetic and network analyses. Additionally, we used microsatellite markers to assess connectivity of populations within Nevada and to proximate California populations. We found that Nevada populations share mitochondrial DNA haplotypes with California populations and therefore belong to the same subspecies. Furthermore, we found evidence of gene flow between Nevada and California populations. Within Nevada, we detected population differentiation that suggested fragmented populations with restricted connectivity. The results of this study will allow Nevada wildlife managers to develop targeted management strategies to enhance connectivity between populations where it is lacking, to protect connectivity that exists, and also to conserve habitat required by this species. This study increases our understanding of this unique and ancient rodent species at the edge of its distribution. C1 [Piaggio, Antoinette J.] USDA Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Genet Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Jeffers, Jennifer] Nevada Dept Wildlife, Wildlife Divers Div, Fallon, NV 89406 USA. RP Piaggio, AJ (reprint author), USDA Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Genet Lab, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM tom.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2013 VL 73 IS 4 BP 485 EP 496 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9JS UT WOS:000331410200008 ER PT J AU Ziebell, AL Barb, JG Sandhu, S Moyers, BT Sykes, RW Doeppke, C Gracom, KL Carlile, M Marek, LF Davis, MF Knapp, SJ Burke, JM AF Ziebell, Angela L. Barb, Jessica G. Sandhu, Sukhpreet Moyers, Brook T. Sykes, Robert W. Doeppke, Crissa Gracom, Kristen L. Carlile, Melissa Marek, Laura F. Davis, Mark F. Knapp, Steven J. Burke, John M. TI Sunflower as a biofuels crop: An analysis of lignocellulosic chemical properties SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Lignocellulosic biofuel; Lignin; S/G-lignin; Sugar content; Pyrolysis Molecular Beam Mass; Spectrometry ID LIGNIN CONTENT; POPULUS; BIOMASS; POPLAR; SWITCHGRASS; HYDROLYSIS; HELIANTHUS; SORGHUM; GENOME; XYLOSE AB Four accessions of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and silverleaf sunflower (Hellanthus argophyllus), were each grown in three locations (Georgia, British Columbia, and Iowa) at different planting densities and phenotyped for biomass-related traits and wood biochemistry. In most environments, H. argophyllus produced significantly more biomass than H. annuus. Cell wall chemistry for a subset of plants grown in Georgia and Iowa was assessed using analytical wet chemistry methods to measure lignin and sugar content/composition. The analysis of lignin and the S/G-lignin ratios for a larger number of samples (n > 250) was also assessed by high-throughput pyrolysis Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry. Average pyMBMS estimated lignin content (i.e., dry weight fraction) for 60 C dried basal stem samples of H. annuus and H. argophyllus was 29.6% (range, 24.0%-34.6%) and 28.6% (range, 24.6%-33.3%), respectively when averaged across all environments. The average S/G lignin mass ratio was 1.5 (range, 1.0-2.0) for H. annuus and 1.7 (range, 1.0-2.4) in H. argophyllus. Stem samples from these two species only differed statistically for a few cell wall chemistry traits; however, accession level differences within each species were apparent. Cell wall chemistry in both species was significantly affected by both location and planting density, thus demonstrating the need to select for these traits in the environment for which the crop will be produced. Overall, these results show that cultivated sunflower and silverleaf sunflower both possess the necessary phenotypic diversity to facilitate the development of a hybrid sunflower with improved lignocellulosic biofuels traits, namely increased biomass, decreased lignin, and increased glucan. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ziebell, Angela L.; Sykes, Robert W.; Doeppke, Crissa; Gracom, Kristen L.; Carlile, Melissa; Davis, Mark F.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Barb, Jessica G.; Burke, John M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sandhu, Sukhpreet; Knapp, Steven J.] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Moyers, Brook T.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Marek, Laura F.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, North Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, Ames, IA 50014 USA. RP Burke, JM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Miller Plant Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jmburke@uga.edu RI Burke, John/A-3502-2013; OI Burke, John/0000-0002-1412-5539; davis, mark/0000-0003-4541-9852; Moyers, Brooke/0000-0003-0340-9488 FU US Department of Agriculture; US Department of Energy; USDA-NIFA [2008-35504-04854]; USDA DOE [ER64664] FX The authors would like to thank the US Department of Agriculture and the US Department of Energy for the funding provided to support this work (USDA-NIFA Award no. 2008-35504-04854, USDA DOE Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy ER64664). NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 59 BP 208 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.06.009 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AA2FL UT WOS:000330910400020 ER PT J AU Vaughn, SF Moser, BR Dien, BS Iten, LB Thompson, AR Seliskar, DM Gallagher, JL AF Vaughn, Steven F. Moser, Bryan R. Dien, Bruce S. Iten, Loren B. Thompson, Arthur R. Seliskar, Denise M. Gallagher, John L. TI Seashore mallow (Kosteletzkya pentacarpos) stems as a feedstock for biodegradable absorbents SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Seashore mallow; Animal bedding; Cat litter; Hydromulch; Bioabsorbent ID BEDDING MATERIAL; VIRGINICA; MALVACEAE; PREFERENCES; BIODIESEL; SALINITY; CHINA; FIBER; RATS; CORN AB Seashore mallow (Kosteletzkya pentaccupos (L.) Ledebour) is a perennial halophyte producing multiple, harvestable stems per year which were examined for several bioabsorbent applications. Larger, debarked stems were milled and separated into three fractions by sieving. The largest fraction absorbed water readily and appeared to be an excellent bedding material for birds and small animals. The mid-sized fraction made an excellent base for biodegradable cat litter. The finest fraction efficiently absorbed diesel fuel which could be subsequently burned as a fuel. Smaller stems with bark (bast fibers) intact were milled to produce a material which performed excellently as hydraulically-applied mulch (hydromulch), with comparable properties to a commercial hydromulch. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vaughn, Steven F.; Moser, Bryan R.; Dien, Bruce S.; Iten, Loren B.; Thompson, Arthur R.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Seliskar, Denise M.; Gallagher, John L.] Univ Delaware, Halophyte Biotechnol Ctr, Lewes, DE 19958 USA. RP Vaughn, SF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steven.Vaughn@ars.usda.gov OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 35 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 59 BP 300 EP 305 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.06.010 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AA2FL UT WOS:000330910400029 ER PT J AU Goerndt, ME Aguilar, FX Skog, K AF Goerndt, Michael E. Aguilar, Francisco X. Skog, Kenneth TI Resource potential for renewable energy generation from co-firing of woody biomass with coal in the Northern US SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Integrated harvest; Wood; Woody biomass procurement; Marginal cost; Logging residue ID STAND DENSITY; AVAILABILITY; GASIFICATION; ETHANOL; PLANT; COMBUSTION; FEEDSTOCK; REGION; OIL AB Past studies have established measures of co-firing potential at varying spatial scales to assess opportunities for renewable energy generation from woody biomass. This study estimated physical availability, within ecological and public policy constraints, and associated harvesting and delivery costs of woody biomass for co-firing in selected power plants of the Northern U.S. Procurement regimes were assessed for direct sources of woody biomass from timberland including logging residues (slash, by-products), small-diameter trees, and integrated harvest (logging residues and small-diameter trees). Concentric woody biomass procurement areas were estimated for each power plant using county-level estimates and varying procurement radii. Delivered fuel cost estimates were calculated for each power plant and procurement regime. based on incremental maximum transport distances. Procurement regimes focused on small-diameter trees can potentially produce the most electric power, but are constrained by lower economical transport distances than logging residues. These estimates enabled us to assess which power plants in the Northern U.S. had the highest electricity generation potential. For most procurement regimes, an average power plant co-firing had the potential to replace greater than 30% of coal electricity generation if there was no competition for the feedstock. However, woody biomass resource competition from adjacent co-firing plants could reduce this generation potential to less than 10%. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Goerndt, Michael E.; Aguilar, Francisco X.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Skog, Kenneth] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Goerndt, ME (reprint author), Univ Missouri, 203 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM goerndtm@missouri.edu; aguilarf@missouri.edu; kskog@fs.fed.us FU Northern Research Station [11-JV-11111137-082]; Forest Products Laboratory under U.S. Forest Service [09-JV-11242311-008] FX This research was supported in part by the Northern Research Station and Forest Products Laboratory under U.S. Forest Service Agreement 11-JV-11111137-082 and 09-JV-11242311-008, respectively. This publication is not intended to reflect the opinions of these organizations. The authors acknowledge assistance from Bill Dijak in the ArcGIS components of the analysis. Any errors remain the responsibility of the authors. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 59 BP 348 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.08.032 PG 14 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AA2FL UT WOS:000330910400034 ER PT J AU Leu, SY Zhu, JY Gleisner, R Sessions, J Marrs, G AF Leu, Shao-Yuan Zhu, J. Y. Gleisner, Roland Sessions, John Marrs, Geuan TI Robust enzymatic saccharification of a Douglas-fir forest harvest residue by SPORL SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Forest harvest residue; Pretreatment; Enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification; Biofuel; Pretreatment severity ID PRETREATED LODGEPOLE PINE; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; SEVERITY PARAMETER; STEAM PRETREATMENT; DILUTE-ACID; HYDROLYSIS; LIGNOCELLULOSES; ENHANCE; BIOMASS; FRACTIONATION AB Forest harvest residues can be a cost-effective feedstock for a biorefinery, but the high lignin content of forest residues is a major barrier for enzymatic sugar production. Sulfite pretreatment to overcome strong recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL) was applied to a Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb) Franco var. menziesii) forest residue in a range of sulfite and acid loadings at 165 degrees C for 75 mm with liquid to wood ratio of 3:1. Sodium bisulfite and sulfuric acid charge as mass fraction of oven dry biomass of 12% and 2.21%, respectively, was optimal in terms of enzymatic cellulose saccharification, sugar yield and formation of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural. Enzymatic glucose yield was 345 g kg(-1), or equivalent to 82.3% of theoretical at a cellulase (CTec2) dosage of 15 filter paper unit (FPU) per gram of glucan. HMF and furfural formation were low at approximately 2.5 g L-1 each in the pretreatment hydrolyzate. Delignification was important to achieve good cellulose saccharification efficiency, however, approximately 80-90% hemicellulose removal is also required. Substrate enzymatic digestibility (SED) was found to correlate to a combined parameter Z(CHF) of delignification and hemicellulose dissolution well, suggesting that the combined hydrolysis factor (CHF) - a pretreatment severity measure - can be used to predict saccharification of forest residue for scale-up studies to reduce numbers of experiments. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Leu, Shao-Yuan; Zhu, J. Y.; Gleisner, Roland] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Leu, Shao-Yuan] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil Environ Eng, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Sessions, John] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Marrs, Geuan] Weyerhaeuser NR Co, Federal Way, WA USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us RI Leu, Shao-Yuan/C-7286-2017 OI Leu, Shao-Yuan/0000-0001-7262-1453 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive [2011-68005-30416]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA) FX The authors thank the financial support of the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive grant (No. 2011-68005-30416), USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA). The authors also thank Novozymes North America for providing the cellulase enzyme; Fred Matt of USFS-FPL for conducting the chemical composition analysis. Drs. Xuejun Pan and Troy Runge of University of Wisconsin-Madison for allowing us access to their lab analytical equipment. We also would like to acknowledge the photo credit of the forest residue pile (Fig. 1) by Rene Zamora, Graduate Research Assistant, College of Forestry, Oregon State University. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 59 BP 393 EP 401 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.08.014 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AA2FL UT WOS:000330910400038 ER PT J AU Cowling, E Randolph, K AF Cowling, Ellis Randolph, KaDonna TI Potentials for Mutually Beneficial Collaboration Between FIA Specialists and IEG-40 Pathologists and Geneticists Working on Fusiform Rust SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE tree diseases; fusiform rust disease; disease losses; disease incidence; disease distribution; forest health monitoring; forest inventory and analysis; Pinus elliottii; Pinus taeda AB The purpose of this article is to encourage development of an enduring mutually beneficial collaboration between data and information analysts in the US Forest Service's "Enhanced Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program" and forest pathologists and geneticists in the information exchange group (IEG) titled "Genetics and Breeding of Southern Forest Trees." The goal of this collaborative partnership is to take full advantage of the Forest Health Monitoring capabilities within the Enhanced FIA Program to provide up-to-date information on the incidence of fusiform rust on loblolly and slash pine stands in the Southern United States and to periodically report the status of the rust epidemic in this region. Our initial analysis of 2000-2011 FIA data demonstrates that careful analysis and interpretation of results from continuing FIA observations can provide valuable guidance for optimizing the performance of forest tree improvement programs in this region. C1 [Cowling, Ellis] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cowling, Ellis] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Randolph, KaDonna] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RP Cowling, E (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Box 7616, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ellis_cowling@ncsu.edu; krandolph@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD DEC PY 2013 VL 4 IS 4 BP 1220 EP 1231 DI 10.3390/f4041220 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 301GF UT WOS:000330520100025 ER PT J AU Epps, SVR Harvey, RB Hume, ME Phillips, TD Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Epps, Sharon V. R. Harvey, Roger B. Hume, Michael E. Phillips, Timothy D. Anderson, Robin C. Nisbet, David J. TI Foodborne Campylobacter: Infections, Metabolism, Pathogenesis and Reservoirs SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter jejuni; diarrhea; foodborne pathogen; Guillain Barre syndrome ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; THERMOPHILIC CAMPYLOBACTER; SWINE PRODUCTION; JEJUNI; COLI; PREVALENCE; SPP. AB Campylobacter species are a leading cause of bacterial-derived foodborne illnesses worldwide. The emergence of this bacterial group as a significant causative agent of human disease and their propensity to carry antibiotic resistance elements that allows them to resist antibacterial therapy make them a serious public health threat. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are considered to be the most important enteropathogens of this genus and their ability to colonize and survive in a wide variety of animal species and habitats make them extremely difficult to control. This article reviews the historical and emerging importance of this bacterial group and addresses aspects of the human infections they cause, their metabolism and pathogenesis, and their natural reservoirs in order to address the need for appropriate food safety regulations and interventions. C1 [Epps, Sharon V. R.; Harvey, Roger B.; Hume, Michael E.; Anderson, Robin C.; Nisbet, David J.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Epps, Sharon V. R.; Phillips, Timothy D.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Anderson, RC (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM drsepps@tamu.edu; roger.harvey@ars.usda.gobv; michael.hume@ars.usda.gov; tphillips@cvm.tamu.edu; robin.anderson@ars.usda.gov; david.nisbet@ars.usda.gov NR 84 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 12 U2 67 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD DEC PY 2013 VL 10 IS 12 BP 6292 EP 6304 DI 10.3390/ijerph10126292 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 296XV UT WOS:000330219600005 PM 24287853 ER PT J AU Fanatico, AC Brewer, VB Owens-Hanning, CM Donoghue, DJ Donoghue, M AF Fanatico, A. C. Brewer, V. B. Owens-Hanning, C. M. Donoghue, D. J. Donoghue, M. TI Free-choice feeding of free-range meat chickens SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE free range; organic; poultry; feeding; dietary self-selection; free choice ID PERFORMANCE; DIETS; BROILERS; PROTEIN; METHIONINE; QUALITY; POULTRY; ENERGY AB Interest in small-and medium-scale free-range poultry production for local and regional markets is growing, and alternative feeding methods should be considered. Free-choice feeding is a method that offers birds separate feedstuffs, such as grains, protein concentrates, and natural vitamin and mineral sources, from which they can self-select a diet suited to their changing needs. Free-choice feeding may prove useful in production systems with outdoor access because nutrient needs change widely due to temperature fluctuations and bird activity. Many small producers do not have access to the nutritional services that large producers do and may have specific goals in regard to nutrition, such as using farm-raised feed ingredients and pasture forage to provide nutrients. In addition, most organic programs do not permit the use of synthetic amino acids in feed. Free-choice methods have been used historically and can be useful for alternative producers, making use of farm-raised feeds to improve savings and increase nutrient cycling. In the current study, a fully formulated diet and free-choice diet were compared in a free-range system using slow-growing meat chickens. The formulated diet was a commercial product (20% CP), whereas the free-choice diet chosen by birds was much lower in CP (13%). Final live weights did not differ between treatments; however, ready-to-cook yield and breast yields were higher in the birds from the formulated treatment, most likely due to amino acid supplements in the formulated feed. The diet chosen by free-choice birds was less expensive than the formulated diet. C1 [Fanatico, A. C.] Appalachian State Univ, Sustainable Dev Dept, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Brewer, V. B.; Owens-Hanning, C. M.; Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, M.] USDA ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Fanatico, AC (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Sustainable Dev Dept, Boone, NC 28608 USA. EM fanaticoac@appstate.edu FU USDA Southern Region Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (Griffin, GA) [LS10-226]; USDA Organic Research and Education Initiative grant (Washington, DC) [2011-01955] FX Funded in part by a USDA Southern Region Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (Griffin, GA) LS10-226 and USDA Organic Research and Education Initiative grant, Program 2011-01955 (Washington, DC). NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 24 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 750 EP 758 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00687 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HL UT WOS:000330523300010 ER PT J AU Roberts, BN Bailey, RH McLaughlin, MR Miles, DM Brooks, JP AF Roberts, B. N. Bailey, R. H. McLaughlin, M. R. Miles, D. M. Brooks, J. P. TI Spatial and temporal analysis of microbial populations in production broiler house litter in the southeastern United States SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Campylobacter; Staphylococcus; Enterococcus; Listeria; poultry; litter; broiler ID SALMONELLA CONTAMINATION; RISK-FACTORS; PCR ASSAY; CAMPYLOBACTER; RESISTANCE; FLOCK AB The main objectives of this study were to discern intrahouse spatial and temporal effects on foodborne and nuisance pathogen bacterial levels in actively used commercial broiler litter. The purpose of the study was to provide critical information regarding microbial hot spots, which may be targeted for site-specific litter treatments. A single broiler-concentrated animal feeding operation was monitored throughout 3 consecutive flocks. Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens, and Campylobacter spp. were monitored at specific locations. Additionally, antibiotic resistance characteristics were quantified from bacterial isolates. Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. were consistently present at levels of 7 log(10), 12 log(10), and 8 log(10) cfu/kg of litter, respectively; whereas S. enterica, Campylobacter spp., and L. monocytogenes were not present or present at low levels compared with other bacteria investigated. Temporally, S. enterica was found early in the flock, whereas C. perfringens, Staphylococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. levels were greater later in the flock. The effect of flock cycle was noted for S. enterica and L. monocytogenes, which were found at greater frequency with the first flock (summer). Salmonella enterica was more commonly associated with the end walls, but overall it appeared that pathogen levels were difficult to predict. C1 [Roberts, B. N.; Bailey, R. H.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Pathobiol & Populat Med Dept, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [McLaughlin, M. R.; Miles, D. M.; Brooks, J. P.] Mississippi State Univ, USDA, ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Brooks, JP (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, USDA, ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM john.brooks@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 759 EP 770 DI 10.3382/japr.2012-00688 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HL UT WOS:000330523300011 ER PT J AU Evans, JD Jacob, R Leigh, SA Collier, SD Peebles, ED Branton, SL AF Evans, J. D. Jacob, R. Leigh, S. A. Collier, S. D. Peebles, E. D. Branton, S. L. TI Spray application of live attenuated F strain-derived Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccines SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE spray application; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; live vaccine; mycoplasmosis; F strain; AviPro MG F; Poulvac Myco F ID VACCINATION AB Live attenuated vaccines (LAV) are commonly used to protect commercial table egg producers from economic losses associated with challenges by the respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). Currently, 4 MG LAV are commercially available within the United States. Consistent among vaccines, protection afforded by the MG LAV is contingent upon successful application and manufacturer recommended means of application may vary by product. They include vaccination via drinking water, spray, and eye drop. Due to producer preferences, the associated recommended vaccination route may reduce LAV applicability at an individual poultry facility. To investigate the effect of an alternative vaccination route on vaccine efficacy, 2 MG-distinct LAV, which are considered to be of common origin yet differ in their respective recommended application routes (drinking water vs. spray), were both applied to egg layer-type pullets via spray application. Vaccine efficacies were assessed following application of varying doses (0, 1/100, 1/10, 1, and 10x) of each MG LAV and determining the corresponding postvaccinal immunological responses, LAV-derived in vivo populations, and protection against virulent MG challenge. When applied by spray application, both MG LAV resulted in comparable immune responses, viable LAV-derived in vivo populations, and protection against virulent MG challenge. Interestingly, dosage rates beyond those recommended by the manufacturers of both LAV were necessary for consistent effects under the conditions of the experiment. C1 [Evans, J. D.; Leigh, S. A.; Collier, S. D.; Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, South Cent Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jacob, R.; Peebles, E. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Evans, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, South Cent Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jeff.evans@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 842 EP 848 DI 10.3382/japr.2013-00749 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HL UT WOS:000330523300020 ER PT J AU Burley, HK Johnson, CL AF Burley, H. K. Johnson, C. L. TI Market survey of quality and freshness of eggs produced under an enhanced hen nutrition and egg production program SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE laying hen; egg quality; freshness ID LAYING HENS; SELENIUM; SUPPLEMENTATION; STORAGE; COPPER AB One nationally marketed brand of specialty eggs (brand A), which employs strictly defined production, processing, and storage practices in conjunction with specific vitamin and mineral supplementation of laying hen diets, was identified in a recent survey administered by the USDA to consistently exhibit superior egg quality compared with other brands of eggs. Outlined herein is an evaluation of brand A eggs compared with generic eggs, which confirms the results of this prior study in finding that brand A eggs had higher albumen height, Haugh unit values, and yolk color scores on average, and that brand A albumen height and Haugh unit values also declined at a slower rate to 45 d postpackaging compared with generic eggs. The stringent guidelines outlined for hen nutrition and egg processing that are followed by the marketing company of brand A eggs were shown in this study to effectively improve and maintain quality of retail shell eggs over time, which is beneficial both to the profitability of companies that produce eggs in this manner and to consumers who purchase these eggs. C1 [Burley, H. K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Johnson, C. L.] Agr Mkt Serv, Grading Branch, USDA, Stafford, VA 22556 USA. RP Burley, HK (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM hkburley@gmail.com NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 929 EP 933 DI 10.3382/japr.2013-00765 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HL UT WOS:000330523300030 ER PT J AU Villota-Herdoiza, D Pila, EA Quiniou, S Waldbieser, GC Magor, BG AF Villota-Herdoiza, Daniela Pila, Emmanuel A. Quiniou, Sylvie Waldbieser, Geoffrey C. Magor, Brad G. TI Transcriptional regulation of teleost Aicda genes. Part 1-Suppressors of promiscuous promoters SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aicda; Transcription; Promoter; Enhancer; Fish ID INDUCED-CYTIDINE-DEAMINASE; CLASS SWITCH RECOMBINATION; ACTIVATION-INDUCED DEAMINASE; NF-KAPPA-B; CHANNEL CATFISH; SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION; AFFINITY MATURATION; AID EXPRESSION; DNA DEMETHYLATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE AB In order to better understand antibody affinity maturation in fishes we sought to identify gene regulatory elements that could drive expression of activated B-cell specific fluorescent reporter transgenes in zebrafish. Specifically the promoter and several non-coding regions of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) were tested for transcriptional activity using a dual luciferase reporter system in transfected fish leukocytes and two mammalian cell lines that constitutively express Aicda (activation-induced cytidine deaminase). The promoters of both fish Aicda genes were as transcriptionally active as an SV40 promoter control in all cell lines tested, regardless of the cells ability to express Aicda. Coupling of a putative intron 1 enhancer or a region 10 kb upstream of the zebrafish promoter effectively silenced transcription from the fish Aicda promoter. Paradoxically these suppressor elements enhanced transcription when they were coupled to the mouse Aicda intron 1 enhancer. The results are considered in context of similar observations for Aicda transcriptional regulation in mice and in light of recent evidence that Aicda is utilized for epigenetic reprogramming of several non-lymphoid cell types. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Villota-Herdoiza, Daniela; Pila, Emmanuel A.; Magor, Brad G.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E5, Canada. [Quiniou, Sylvie; Waldbieser, Geoffrey C.] USDA ARS, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Magor, BG (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, CW405 BioSci Bldg, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E5, Canada. EM danivillota@hotmail.com; pila@ualberta.ca; sylvie.quiniou@ars.usda.gov; geoff.waldbieser@ars.usda.gov; bmagor@ualberta.ca OI Pila, Emmanuel/0000-0003-1694-3217 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada); USDA-ARS [6402-31000-006-00D] FX This work was funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada) grant to B.M. S.Q. and G.C.W. are funded by USDA-ARS, Project 6402-31000-006-00D. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 EI 1095-9947 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 35 IS 6 SI SI BP 1981 EP 1987 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.09.035 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 296AZ UT WOS:000330158800034 PM 24161771 ER PT J AU Vieira, LD Tavares, LFD Souza, FVD Alves, AAC De Oliveira, EJ AF Vieira, L. De J. Tavares Filho, L. F. De Q. Souza, F. V. D. Alves, A. A. C. De Oliveira, E. J. TI Development of interspecific hybrids of cassava and paternity analysis with molecular markers SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MANIHOT-ESCULENTA CRANTZ; DRY-MATTER CONTENT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; WILD RELATIVES; SSP FLABELLIFOLIA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ORIGIN; HYBRIDIZATION; PROTEIN; CROSS AB The present paper demonstrates the development of interspecific hybrids between Manihot esculenta Crantz ssp. esculenta (Mee) and M. esculenta Crantz ssp. flabellifolia (Mef) and paternity analysis using microsatellite markers [simple sequence repeat (SSR)]. Three Mef accessions (FLA005, FLA025V and FLA029V) were used for crosses with varieties of Mee: Saracura, Aipim Bravo, COL 1725, Aipim Rosa, Abobora, Parana and PER334. The paternity of the interspecific hybrids was investigated using 24 SSRs. The observed heterozygosity (Ho), polymorphic information content (PIC), probability of identity (PI) and paternity exclusion (PE) were evaluated. The rate of breeding success varied from 17 to 92%, and an average of two pollinations were required for each generated hybrid plant. The Ho value ranged from 0.11 to 0.92, and the PIC value ranged from 0.12 to 0.59. The uneven distribution of allele frequencies was accompanied by a high PI average (0.56). However, the combined PE for 21 loci was 0.99, which allows for the determination of the paternity of the hybrids with good discriminatory power. Of the 74 hybrids evaluated, 0.82 had their paternity confirmed using microsatellite markers. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) indicated the presence of eight clusters, of which, one was composed of only Mef varieties and the supposed hybrid Fla52Sar-H7, which was a product of apomixis. The parent Mee and hybrids were allocated in the other seven clusters. The data obtained demonstrate that SSR markers can be routinely used in breeding programmes to verify the paternity of interspecific crosses of cassava. C1 [Vieira, L. De J.; Tavares Filho, L. F. De Q.] Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, Cruz Das Almas, BA, Brazil. [Souza, F. V. D.; De Oliveira, E. J.] Embrapa Mandioca & Fruticultura, Cruz Das Almas, BA, Brazil. [Alves, A. A. C.] USDA ARS, Embrapa Labex USA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP De Oliveira, EJ (reprint author), Embrapa Mandioca & Fruticultura, Cruz Das Almas, BA, Brazil. EM eder@cnpmf.embrapa.br FU Generation Challenge Programme (GCP) [GCP G305.09, 02.06.01.007.00]; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria - Embrapa) [GCP G305.09, 02.06.01.007.00]; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - CAPES); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa da Bahia - FAPESB; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq FX The authors thank Generation Challenge Programme (GCP) and Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria - Embrapa) for financial support (Grants GCP G305.09 and 02.06.01.007.00). The authors gratefully acknowledged support through fellowship to L.J.V. and L. F. Q. T. F. from Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - CAPES), to Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa da Bahia - FAPESB) and to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq). NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 18 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0021-8596 EI 1469-5146 J9 J AGR SCI JI J. Agric. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 151 IS 6 BP 849 EP 861 DI 10.1017/S0021859612000871 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 300FX UT WOS:000330450900006 ER PT J AU Hinds, J Wang, KH Marahatta, SP Meyer, SLF Hooks, CRR AF Hinds, Jermaine Wang, Koon-Hui Marahatta, Sharadchandra P. Meyer, Susan L. F. Hooks, Cerruti R. R. TI Sunn Hemp Cover Cropping and Organic Fertilizer Effects on the Nematode Community Under Temperate Growing Conditions SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crotalaria juncea; free-living nematode; living mulch; no-till; strip-till; surface mulch ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; MANAGEMENT; CROTALARIA; CROPS; DYNAMICS; ZUCCHINI; SYSTEMS; REDUCE AB Field experiments were conducted in Maryland to investigate the influence of sunn hemp cover cropping in conjunction with organic and synthetic fertilizers on the nematode community in a zucchini cropping system. Two field treatments, zucchini planted into a sunn hemp living and surface mulch (SH) and zucchini planted into bare-ground (BG) were established during three field seasons from 2009 to 2011. In 2009, although SH slightly increased nematode richness compared with BG by the first harvest (P < 0.10), it reduced nematode diversity and enrichment indices (P < 0.01 and P < 0.10, respectively) and increased the channel index (P < 0.01) compared to BG at the final harvest. This suggests a negative impact of SH on nematode community structure. The experiment was modified in 2010 and 2011 where the SH and BG main plots were further split into two subplots to investigate the added influence of an organic vs. synthetic fertilizer. In 2010, when used as a living and surface mulch in a no-till system, SH increased bacterivorous, fungivorous, and total nematodes (P < 0.05) by the final zucchini harvest, but fertilizer type did not influence nematode community structure. In 2011, when incorporated into the soil before zucchini planting, SH increased the abundance of bacterivorous and fungivorous nematodes early in the cropping season. SH increased species richness also at the end of the season (P < 0.05). Fertilizer application did not appear to influence nematodes early in the season. However, in late season, organic fertilizers increased enrichment and structure indices and decreased channel index by the end of the zucchini cropping cycle. C1 [Hinds, Jermaine; Hooks, Cerruti R. R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wang, Koon-Hui] Univ Hawaii, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Marahatta, Sharadchandra P.] Kauai Community Coll, Div Sci & Math, Lihue, HI 96766 USA. [Meyer, Susan L. F.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hinds, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, 4112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM koonhui@hawaii.edu FU Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES); USDA NIFA [2010-01954] FX The authors thank the station manager and field crew at the Central Maryland Research and Education Center in Upper Marlboro, MD, for their extensive support and accommodations with field operations. We also thank the following personnel who were instrumental in helping with plot maintenance and data collection; Emily Zobel, Armando Rosario-Lebron, Travis Larmore, Mason Lee-Bullock, Menes Dolet, Larissa Diaz, Maya Reuven, and Shannon Rupprecht. This research was funded and influenced partially by a Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES) and USDA NIFA (2010-01954) grant respectively, administered to Cerruti R. R. Hooks. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 265 EP 271 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500004 PM 24379485 ER PT J AU Kokalis-Burelle, N Butler, DM Rosskopf, EN AF Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy Butler, David M. Rosskopf, Erin N. TI Evaluation of Cover Crops with Potential for Use in Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation (ASD) for Susceptibility to Three Species of Meloidogyne SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anaerobic soil disinfestation; ASD; Brassica juncea & Sinapis alba; Canavalia ensiformis; cover crops; cowpea; Eruca sativa; Helianthus annuus; jack bean; management; Meloidogyne arenaria; M. incognita; M. javanica; mustard; pearl millet; Pennisetum glaucum; root-knot nematodes; sorghum-sudangrass; sunflower; Vigna unguiculata ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; ARUGULA ERUCA-SATIVA; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; HOST STATUS; ROTATION CROPS; PEARL-MILLET; INCOGNITA; SOLARIZATION; JAVANICA; FLORIDA AB Several cover crops with potential for use in tropical and subtropical regions were assessed for susceptibility to three common species of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica. Crops were selected based on potential use as organic amendments in anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) applications. Nematode juvenile (J2) numbers in soil and roots, egg production, and host plant root galling were evaluated on arugula (Eruca sativa, cv. Nemat), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, cv. Iron & Clay), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis, cv. Comum), two commercial mixtures of Indian mustard and white mustard (Brassica juncea & Sinapis alba, mixtures Caliente 61 and Caliente 99), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum, cv. Tifleaf III), sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor 3 S. bicolor var. sudanense, cv. Sugar Grazer II), and three cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus, cvs. 545A, Nusun 660CL, and Nusun 5672). Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, cv. Rutgers) was included in all trials as a susceptible host to all three nematode species. The majority of cover crops tested were less susceptible than tomato to M. arenaria, with the exception of jack bean. Sunflower cv. Nusun 5672 had fewer M. arenaria J2 isolated from roots than the other sunflower cultivars, less galling than tomato, and fewer eggs than tomato and sunflower cv. 545A. Several cover crops did not support high populations of M. incognita in roots or exhibit significant galling, although high numbers of M. incognita J2 were isolated from the soil. Arugula, cowpea, and mustard mixture Caliente 99 did not support M. incognita in soil or roots. Jack bean and all three cultivars of sunflower were highly susceptible to M. javanica, and all sunflower cultivars had high numbers of eggs isolated from roots. Sunflower, jack bean, and both mustard mixtures exhibited significant galling in response to M. javanica. Arugula, cowpea, and sorghum-sudangrass consistently had low numbers of all three Meloidogyne species associated with roots and are good selections for use in ASD for root-knot nematode control. The remainder of crops tested had significant levels of galling, J2, and eggs associated with roots, which varied among the Meloidogyne species tested. C1 [Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy; Rosskopf, Erin N.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Butler, David M.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Kokalis-Burelle, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM nancy.burelle@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 28 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 272 EP 278 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500005 PM 24379486 ER PT J AU Alborn, HT Kaplan, F Ali, JG AF Alborn, Hans T. Kaplan, F. Ali, J. G. TI ROOT ZONE CHEMICAL ECOLOGY; NEW TECHNIQUES FOR BELOW GROUND SAMPLING AND MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSES OF VOLATILE SEMIOCHEMICALS SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Alborn, Hans T.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Kaplan, F.] Kaplan Schiller Res LLC, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kaplan, F.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ali, J. G.] Cornell Univ, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 279 EP 279 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500008 ER PT J AU Benda, ND Alborn, H Teal, PEA AF Benda, Nicole D. Alborn, H. Teal, P. E. A. TI CHEMICAL SIGNALS FROM PLANTS PREVIOUSLY INFECTED WITH ROOT-KNOT SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Benda, Nicole D.; Alborn, H.; Teal, P. E. A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 283 EP 283 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500017 ER PT J AU Carta, L Skantar, AM AF Carta, Lynn Skantar, A. M. TI DESCRIPTION OF A TRICHODORUS SP ECTOPIC ON THRIPS SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Carta, Lynn; Skantar, A. M.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 284 EP 284 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500021 ER PT J AU Dandurand, LM Brown, CR Knudsen, GR Filip, CJ Gajjar, P AF Dandurand, Louise-Marie Brown, C. R. Knudsen, G. R. Filip, C. J. Gajjar, P. TI POTENTIAL OF SOLANUM SISYMBRIIFOLIUM AS A TRAP CROP FOR THE CONTROL OF THE PALE CYST NEMATODE, GLOBODERA PALLIDA SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dandurand, Louise-Marie; Knudsen, G. R.; Filip, C. J.; Gajjar, P.] Univ Idaho, PSES Dept, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Brown, C. R.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forge Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 286 EP 286 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500028 ER PT J AU Dandurand, LM Knudsen, GR Brown, CR Filip, CJ Gajjar, P AF Dandurand, Louise-Marie Knudsen, G. R. Brown, C. R. Filip, C. J. Gajjar, P. TI POTENTIAL OF SOLANUM SISYMBRIIFOLIUM AND THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL FUNGI, TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM AND PLECTOSPHAERELLA CUCUMERINA TO CONTROL GLOBODERA PALLIDA, THE PALE CYST NEMATODE SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dandurand, Louise-Marie; Knudsen, G. R.; Filip, C. J.; Gajjar, P.] Univ Idaho, PSES Dept, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Brown, C. R.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forge Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 286 EP 286 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500027 ER PT J AU Davis, RF Aryal, SK Perry, CD Sullivan, DG Timper, P Ortiz, BV Stevenson, KL Vellidis, G Hawkins, G AF Davis, Richard F. Aryal, S. K. Perry, C. D. Sullivan, D. G. Timper, P. Ortiz, B. V. Stevenson, K. L. Vellidis, G. Hawkins, G. TI UTILIZING MANAGEMENT ZONES FOR ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS IN COTTON: EFFECTS ON NEMATODE LEVELS, CROP DAMAGE, AND PASTEURIA SP SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Davis, Richard F.; Timper, P.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Aryal, S. K.; Stevenson, K. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Perry, C. D.; Vellidis, G.; Hawkins, G.] Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dept, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Sullivan, D. G.] TurfScout Inc, Greensboro, NC 27401 USA. [Ortiz, B. V.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 287 EP 287 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500029 ER PT J AU Erpelding, JE Stetina, SR AF Erpelding, John E. Stetina, S. R. TI GENETICS OF RESISTANCE TO ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS IN GOSSYPIUM ARBOREUM ACCESSION PI 529728 SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Erpelding, John E.; Stetina, S. R.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 288 EP 289 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500034 ER PT J AU Gavilano, L Baum, TJ Parrott, WA Davis, EL Wubben, MJ AF Gavilano, Lily Baum, T. J. Parrott, W. A. Davis, E. L. Wubben, M. J. TI IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A CLE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN FROM ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gavilano, Lily; Wubben, M. J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Baum, T. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Parrott, W. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Davis, E. L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Wubben, M. J.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 290 EP 290 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500038 ER PT J AU Hiltpold, I Demarta, L Hibbard, BE AF Hiltpold, Ivan Demarta, L. Hibbard, B. E. TI ROOT SCENTS: THE DARK SIDE OF NEMATODE SIGNALING AND PLANT PROTECTION. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hiltpold, Ivan; Demarta, L.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Hibbard, B. E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500050 ER PT J AU Kaplan, F Alborn, HT von Reuss, SH Schroeder, FC Teal, PA AF Kaplan, Fatma Alborn, H. T. von Reuss, S. H. Schroeder, F. C. Teal, P. A. TI PHEROMONES REGULATE NEMATODE DISPERSAL SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kaplan, Fatma] Kaplan Schiller Res LLC, Gainesville, FL USA. [Kaplan, Fatma] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Alborn, H. T.; Teal, P. A.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [von Reuss, S. H.; Schroeder, F. C.] BTI Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 298 EP 298 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500060 ER PT J AU Kokalis-Burelle, N Rosskopf, EN Hong, JC Butler, DM AF Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy Rosskopf, E. N. Hong, J. C. Butler, D. M. TI ANAEROBIC SOIL DISINFESTATION (ASD) AND STEAM AS ALTERNATIVES FOR PARASITIC NEMATODE CONTROL IN FLORIDA FLORICULTURE SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy; Rosskopf, E. N.; Hong, J. C.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Butler, D. M.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 298 EP 299 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500062 ER PT J AU Kokalis-Burelle, N Zasada, I Crow, WT LaMondia, JA Stetina, SR Westphal, A AF Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy Zasada, I. Crow, W. T. LaMondia, J. A. Stetina, S. R. Westphal, A. TI NAVIGATING THE PUBLICATION PROCESS FOR THE JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Zasada, I.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Crow, W. T.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [LaMondia, J. A.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Windsor, CT USA. [Stetina, S. R.] ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. [Westphal, A.] Julius Kuhn Inst, Munster, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 299 EP 299 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500063 ER PT J AU Masler, EP Rogers, ST Chitwood, DJ AF Masler, Edward P. Rogers, S. T. Chitwood, D. J. TI DEVELOPMENTAL RESPONSES OF HETERODERA GLYCINES AND MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA TO FUNDAMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CUES SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Masler, Edward P.; Rogers, S. T.; Chitwood, D. J.] USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 303 EP 303 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500074 ER PT J AU Mendes, ML Dickson, DW Thies, JA AF Mendes, Maria L. Dickson, D. W. Thies, J. A. TI HOST STATUS OF SELECTED PEPPER GENOTYPES TO MELOIDOGYNE FLORIDENSIS AND M. JAVANICA RACE 3 POPULATIONS FROM FLORIDA SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mendes, Maria L.; Dickson, D. W.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Thies, J. A.] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 305 EP 306 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500079 ER PT J AU Myers, R Sipes, BS Hollingsworth, RG AF Myers, Roxana Sipes, B. S. Hollingsworth, R. G. TI THE HUNT FOR HETERORHABDITIS IN HAWAII SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Myers, Roxana; Hollingsworth, R. G.] ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Sipes, B. S.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 306 EP 306 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500081 ER PT J AU Phillips, WS Coleman-Hulbert, AL Howe, DK Ping, S Weiss, ES Estes, S Denver, DR AF Phillips, Wendy S. Coleman-Hulbert, A. L. Howe, D. K. Ping, S. Weiss, E. S. Estes, S. Denver, D. R. TI DYNAMICS OF GENETIC CONFLICT BETWEEN CAENORHABDITIS BRIGGSAE AND THEIR MITOCHONDRIAL DNA IN VARYING EXPERIMENTAL POPULATION SIZES SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Phillips, Wendy S.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Howe, D. K.; Ping, S.; Weiss, E. S.; Denver, D. R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Coleman-Hulbert, A. L.; Estes, S.] Portland State Univ, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 311 EP 312 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500094 ER PT J AU David, S Huffaker, A Crow, WT Mekete, T AF David, Sekora Huffaker, A. Crow, W. T. Mekete, T. TI THE EFFECT OF TRANSGENIC ENDOGENOUS DEFENSE ELICITORS IN ARABIDOPSIS ON THE INFECTION RATE AND LIFE STAGE DEVELOPMENT ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA.) SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [David, Sekora; Crow, W. T.; Mekete, T.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Huffaker, A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 315 EP 315 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500103 ER PT J AU Showmaker, KC Sanders, WS Arick, MA Magbanua, ZV Peterson, DG Wubben, MJ AF Showmaker, Kurt C. Sanders, W. S. Arick, M. A., II Magbanua, Z. V. Peterson, D. G. Wubben, M. J. TI UNVEILING THE MOLECULAR ARSENAL WITHIN ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS VIA DE NOVO TRANSCRIPTOME ASSEMBLY SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Showmaker, Kurt C.; Sanders, W. S.; Arick, M. A., II; Magbanua, Z. V.; Peterson, D. G.] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Genom Biocomp & Biotechnol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Showmaker, Kurt C.; Wubben, M. J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Magbanua, Z. V.; Peterson, D. G.; Wubben, M. J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wubben, M. J.] ARS, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 317 EP 317 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500108 ER PT J AU Sipes, B Myers, R Lichty, J Sewake, K AF Sipes, B. Myers, R. Lichty, J. Sewake, K. TI MANAGEMENT OF ANTHURIUM DECLINE CAUSED BY RADOPHOLUS SIMILIS SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sipes, B.; Sewake, K.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Myers, R.] USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Lichty, J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Trop Plant & Soil Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 317 EP 318 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500109 ER PT J AU Skantar, AM Nischwitz, C Handoo, ZA Hult, MN Schmitt, ME McClure, MA AF Skantar, Andrea M. Nischwitz, C. Handoo, Z. A. Hult, M. N. Schmitt, M. E. McClure, M. A. TI FIRST OCCURRENCE OF MELOIDOGYNE FALLAX IN NORTH AMERICA, AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF M. FALLAX AND M. MINOR FROM US GOLF COURSE GREENS SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Skantar, Andrea M.; Handoo, Z. A.; Hult, M. N.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nischwitz, C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Schmitt, M. E.; McClure, M. A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 318 EP 318 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500110 ER PT J AU Judy, T Buckner, S Levi, A AF Judy, Thies Buckner, S. Levi, A. TI AFRICAN HORNED CUCUMBER ROOTSTOCKS FOR MANAGING ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES IN GRAFTED MELON SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Judy, Thies; Buckner, S.; Levi, A.] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 320 EP 320 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500117 ER PT J AU Timper, P AF Timper, Patricia TI NEGATIVE FREQUENCY-DEPENDANT SELECTION IN PASTEURIA PENETRANS AND ITS HOST MELOIDOGYNE ARENARIA SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Timper, Patricia] ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 321 EP 321 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500119 ER PT J AU Tran, T Chen, S Wang, X AF Tran, Tien Chen, S. Wang, X. TI THE NOVEL GR29D09 EFFECTOR FAMILY FROM THE POTATO CYST NEMATODE GLOBODERA ROSTOCHIENSIS SUPPRESSES PLANT IMMUNITY TO PROMOTE NEMATODE PARASITISM SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tran, Tien; Chen, S.; Wang, X.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wang, X.] ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Chen, Shiyan/N-1832-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 321 EP 322 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500120 ER PT J AU Tyler, D Donald, P AF Tyler, Donald Donald, Patricia TI COVER CROP EFFECTS ON NUTRIENTS, SOIL FAUNA AND SOIL QUALITY SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tyler, Donald] Univ Tennessee, West Tennessee Res & Educ Ctr, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Donald, Patricia] ARS, USDA, West Tennessee Res & Educ Ctr, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 17 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 322 EP 322 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500121 ER PT J AU Yan, GP Smiley, RW Okubara, PA Skantar, AM AF Yan, Guiping Smiley, R. W. Okubara, P. A. Skantar, A. M. TI KEY FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MOLECULAR QUANTIFICATION OF PRATYLENCHUS NEGLECTUS FROM SOIL SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yan, Guiping; Smiley, R. W.] Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Okubara, P. A.] USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Skantar, A. M.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 328 EP 329 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500137 ER PT J AU Zasada, I Howland, A Peetz, A Schreiner, RP AF Zasada, Inga Howland, A. Peetz, A. Schreiner, R. P. TI THE WHO AND WHERE OF PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES IN SEMI-ARID WASHINGTON WINE GRAPES SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zasada, Inga; Peetz, A.; Schreiner, R. P.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Howland, A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 330 EP 330 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 296YO UT WOS:000330221500141 ER PT J AU Hruby, A McKeown, NM Song, YQ Djousse, L AF Hruby, Adela McKeown, Nicola M. Song, Yiqing Djousse, Luc TI Dietary Magnesium and Genetic Interactions in Diabetes and Related Risk Factors: A Brief Overview of Current Knowledge SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Review DE magnesium; diet; genetic interaction; genome-wide interaction study; diabetes; glucose; insulin ID IMPROVES INSULIN SENSITIVITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME; DOUBLE-BLIND; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS-RISK; MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE; NONDIABETIC SUBJECTS; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; YOUNG-ADULTS AB Nutritional genomics has exploded in the last decade, yielding insightsboth nutrigenomic and nutrigeneticinto the physiology of dietary interactions and our genes. Among these are insights into the regulation of magnesium transport and homeostasis and mechanisms underlying magnesium's role in insulin and glucose handling. Recent observational evidence has attempted to examine some promising research avenues on interaction between genetics and dietary magnesium in relation to diabetes and diabetes risk factors. This brief review summarizes the recent evidence on dietary magnesium's role in diabetes and related traits in the presence of underlying genetic risk, and discusses future potential research directions. C1 [Hruby, Adela] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [McKeown, Nicola M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Song, Yiqing] Indiana Univ, Richard M Fairbanks Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Djousse, Luc] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Aging, Sch Med,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02120 USA. [Djousse, Luc] Boston Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA 02130 USA. RP Djousse, L (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Aging, Sch Med,Dept Med, 1620 Tremont St,3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02120 USA. EM ahruby@hsph.harvard.edu; nicola.mckeown@tufts.edu; yiqsong@iu.edu; ldjousse@rics.bwh.harvard.edu NR 84 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 19 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD DEC PY 2013 VL 5 IS 12 BP 4990 EP 5011 DI 10.3390/nu5124990 PG 22 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 296YE UT WOS:000330220500015 PM 24322525 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. TI Perceptual distinctiveness in Native American maize (Zea mays L.) landraces has practical implications SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE diversity; kernel colour; Native maize landraces; perceptual selection; quality ID IN-SITU CONSERVATION; FARMING SYSTEMS; CROP DIVERSITY; INBRED LINES; MEXICO; MANAGEMENT; VARIETIES; COLOR; RACES; GRAIN AB The large variation in multifactorial and seemingly non-adaptive kernel colour traits displayed by Native American maize landraces is an evidence of recurring selection for perceptual distinctiveness. Native American farmers selected for colour traits that allowed them to distinguish between and maintain large diversity within maize landraces for traditional uses. Multivariate statistical procedures were employed to quantify the variation and interrelationships between physical traits, C: N ratio, protein content, micro-and macronutrient concentrations with kernel colour traits measured on random kernel samples of Northern flint maize landraces grown for 2 years in a common-garden experiment. The colour traits (L*, a* and b* indicating dark-light, red-green and yellow-blue colour continuum, respectively) were digitally quantified on 590 random kernels from each of 28 accessions in 11 landraces. Accessions within landraces exhibited the largest variation for all colour traits. The variation in the L* a* b*, L* a* and L* b* combinations explained significant variances in 37, 14 and 37% of 120 landrace-trait combinations, respectively; the remaining 12% were explained by L*, a* or b*. On average, 37.5% of the variation in protein content (range 19.2-64.5%) and 36.6% of the variation in the C: N ratio (range 15.7-65.0%) were explained by the combinations of colour traits in different landraces. Slightly larger average variations in K (43.7%), S (43.0%), Fe (42.2%) and P (40.8%) were accounted for by colour traits. A hierarchical and joint clustering procedure of landraces and traits was developed to facilitate the identification of large variation and the selection of single or multiple traits based on kernel colour traits with reasonable certainty. C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Jaradat, Abdullah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM abdullah.jaradat@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [3645-61600-001-00D] FX Thanks to Winona LaDuke and an anonymous Native American farmer who donated the seed of maize landraces for the study. Thanks to Charles Hennen for his assistance in the fieldwork, and Jana Rinke and Jay Hanson for their laboratory work. This research was funded by USDA-ARS Project No. 3645-61600-001-00D, Morris, MN. The use of trade, firm or corporation names in this publication is for information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal provider and employer. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 EI 1479-263X J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 11 IS 3 BP 266 EP 278 DI 10.1017/S1479262113000063 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 298UG UT WOS:000330349400012 ER PT J AU Leigh, SA Branton, SL Evans, JD Collier, SD AF Leigh, S. A. Branton, S. L. Evans, J. D. Collier, S. D. TI Impact of fowlpox-vectored Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine Vectormune FP MG on layer hen egg production and egg quality parameters SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mycoplasma gallisepticum; fowlpox; vaccine; egg production ID 44-WEEK LAYING CYCLE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; DUAL INFECTION; 2 STRAINS; CHICKENS; PATHOGENICITY; BACTERIN; SYNOVIAE AB This study was conducted to determine the impact of vaccination with Vectormune FP MG on egg production and egg quality characteristics of Single Comb White Leghorn hens. Due to questions of the efficacy of this vaccine in preventing Mycoplasma gallisepticum-mediated pathology, the ability of this vaccine to protect against postproduction-peak egg losses associated with F-strain M. gallisepticum (FMG) vaccination was also investigated. Vaccination with Vectormune FP MG did not result in any significant change in egg production or egg quality parameters compared with control (unvaccinated) hens. Subsequent revaccination with FMG at 45 wk of age (woa) yielded no impact on egg production or egg quality parameters of Vectormune FP MG vaccinated hens, unlike prior results for postproduction-peak vaccination of M. gallisepticumclean hens with FMG, which exhibited a drop in egg production of approximately 6%. No difference in egg size distribution was observed for any of the treatment groups before or after FMG revaccination. These results suggest that hens can be safely vaccinated with Vectormune FP MG as pullets and can be revaccinated with a live M. gallisepticum vaccine such as FMG at a later date with no deleterious effects on egg production or egg or eggshell quality parameters. C1 [Leigh, S. A.; Branton, S. L.; Evans, J. D.; Collier, S. D.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, South Cent Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Leigh, SA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, South Cent Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM spencer.leigh@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 92 IS 12 BP 3172 EP 3175 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03325 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301IR UT WOS:000330526500014 PM 24235227 ER PT J AU Meloche, KJ Kerr, BJ Shurson, GC Dozier, WA AF Meloche, K. J. Kerr, B. J. Shurson, G. C. Dozier, W. A., III TI Apparent metabolizable energy and prediction equations for reduced-oil corn distillers dried grains with solubles in broiler chicks from 10 to 18 days of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; dried distillers grains with solubles; fiber; metabolizable energy; prediction equation ID DIETARY FIBER; GROWING PIGS; DIGESTIBILITY; ROOSTERS; FEED; POLYSACCHARIDES; POULTRY; WHEAT AB An experiment consisting of 2 identically designed trials was conducted to determine the nutrient composition and AME(n) content of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) to develop prediction equations for AMEn in broilers. Fifteen samples of DDGS ranging in ether extract (EE) from 3.15 to 13.23% (DM basis) were collected from various dry-grind ethanol plants and were subsequently fed to broiler chicks to determine AMEn content. A corn-soybean meal control diet was formulated to contain 15% dextrose, and test diets were created by mixing the control diet with 15% DDGS at the expense of dextrose. In each trial, 672 male Ross x Ross 708 chicks were housed in grower battery cages with 7 birds per cage (0.06 m(2)/bird) and received a common starter diet until 10 d of age. Each cage was randomly assigned to 1 of 16 dietary treatments, with 6 replicate pens per treatment. Experimental diets were fed over a 6-d acclimation period from 10 to 16 d of age, followed by a 48-h total excreta collection period. Gross energy (GE) and CP of the experimental diets and excreta were determined to calculate AMEn for each DDGS sample. On a DM basis, AMEn of the 15 DDGS samples ranged from 1,869 to 2,824 kcal/kg. Analyses were conducted to determine the GE, CP, EE, DM, starch, total dietary fiber (TDF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and ash content of the DDGS samples. Stepwise regression resulted in the following best-fit equation for AMEn (DM basis) based on the adjusted coefficient of determination (R-adj(2)), SE, and prediction error sum of squares (PRESS): AMEn, kcal/kg = -12,282 + (2.60 x GE) + (89.75 x CP) + (125.80 x starch) -(40.67 x TDF; R-adj(2) = 0.86; SE = 98.76; PRESS = 199,819; P = 0.001). These results indicated that the composition of DDGS with variable EE content may be used to predict AMEn in broiler chicks. C1 [Meloche, K. J.; Dozier, W. A., III] Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shurson, G. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bill.dozier@auburn.edu NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 23 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 92 IS 12 BP 3176 EP 3183 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03290 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301IR UT WOS:000330526500015 PM 24235228 ER PT J AU Cheng, YB Middleton, EM Zhang, QY Huemmrich, KF Campbell, PKE Corp, LA Cook, BD Kustas, WP Daughtry, CS AF Cheng, Yen-Ben Middleton, Elizabeth M. Zhang, Qingyuan Huemmrich, Karl F. Campbell, Petya K. E. Corp, Lawrence A. Cook, Bruce D. Kustas, William P. Daughtry, Craig S. TI Integrating Solar Induced Fluorescence and the Photochemical Reflectance Index for Estimating Gross Primary Production in a Cornfield SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE gross primary production; light use efficiency; photochemical reflectance index; solar induced fluorescence; cornfield ID LIGHT-USE-EFFICIENCY; INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; RADIATION-USE-EFFICIENCY; VEGETATION APPARENT REFLECTANCE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC DOWN-REGULATION; SUN-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; LEAF PIGMENT CONTENT; WATER-STRESS; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE AB The utilization of remotely sensed observations for light use efficiency (LUE) and tower-based gross primary production (GPP) estimates was studied in a USDA cornfield. Nadir hyperspectral reflectance measurements were acquired at canopy level during a collaborative field campaign conducted in four growing seasons. The Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) and solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), were derived. SIF retrievals were accomplished in the two telluric atmospheric oxygen absorption features centered at 688 nm (O-2-B) and 760 nm (O-2-A). The PRI and SIF were examined in conjunction with GPP and LUE determined by flux tower-based measurements. All of these fluxes, environmental variables, and the PRI and SIF exhibited diurnal as well as day-to-day dynamics across the four growing seasons. Consistent with previous studies, the PRI was shown to be related to LUE (r(2) = 0.54 with a logarithm fit), but the relationship varied each year. By combining the PRI and SIF in a linear regression model, stronger performances for GPP estimation were obtained. The strongest relationship (r(2) = 0.80, RMSE = 0.186 mg CO2/m(2)/s) was achieved when using the PRI and SIF retrievals at 688 nm. Cross-validation approaches were utilized to demonstrate the robustness and consistency of the performance. This study highlights a GPP retrieval method based entirely on hyperspectral remote sensing observations. C1 [Cheng, Yen-Ben] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA. [Middleton, Elizabeth M.; Cook, Bruce D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Zhang, Qingyuan] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Huemmrich, Karl F.; Campbell, Petya K. E.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Corp, Lawrence A.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Kustas, William P.; Daughtry, Craig S.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cheng, YB (reprint author), Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA. EM yen-ben.cheng@nasa.gov; elizabeth.m.middleton@nasa.gov; qingyuan.zhang-1@nasa.gov; karl.f.huemmrich@nasa.gov; petya.k.campbell@nasa.gov; lawrence.a.corp@nasa.gov; bruce.cook@nasa.gov; bill.kustas@ars.usda.gov; craig.daughtry@ars.usda.gov RI Kustas, William/C-2063-2015; Campbell, Petya/L-7486-2013 OI Campbell, Petya/0000-0002-0505-4951 FU NASA ROSES project; Terrestrial Ecology Program FX This study was supported by a NASA ROSES project (PI, E.M. Middleton) funded through the Terrestrial Ecology Program (Diane Wickland, Program Manager). The authors gratefully acknowledge Andrew Russ and Wayne Dulaney (USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Lab) for assisting field campaign and data processing. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their very valuable suggestions and critiques. NR 108 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 43 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 5 IS 12 BP 6857 EP 6879 DI 10.3390/rs5126857 PG 23 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 298JB UT WOS:000330318900032 ER PT J AU Wilson, AD Oberle, CS Oberle, DF AF Wilson, Alphus D. Oberle, Charisse S. Oberle, Daniel F. TI Detection of Off-Flavor in Catfish Using a Conducting Polymer Electronic-Nose Technology SO SENSORS LA English DT Article ID CULTURED CHANNEL CATFISH; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; FISH FRESHNESS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PRACTICAL APPROACH; RAPID DETECTION; QUALITY; SENSOR; SPOILAGE; FILLETS C1 [Wilson, Alphus D.; Oberle, Charisse S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res,Southern Hardwoods L, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Oberle, Daniel F.] ARS, USDA, Warmwater Aquaculture Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Wilson, AD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res,Southern Hardwoods L, POB 227, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM dwilson02@fs.fed.us; coberle@fs.fed.us; danny.oberle@ars.usda.gov RI Wilson, Alphus/Q-2137-2015 OI Wilson, Alphus/0000-0003-2352-5232 NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 17 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD DEC PY 2013 VL 13 IS 12 BP 15968 EP 15984 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 296YF UT WOS:000330220600007 PM 24287526 ER PT J AU Vencl, FV Plata, CA Srygley, RB AF Vencl, Fredric V. Plata C, Camila A. Srygley, Robert B. TI Proximate effects of maternal oviposition preferences on defence efficacy and larval survival in a diet-specialised tortoise beetle. Who knows best: mothers or their progeny? SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acromis sparsa; dietary specialisation; enemy-free space; maternal care; oleic acid; phytol ID ENEMY-FREE-SPACE; HOST-PLANT SELECTION; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; NATURAL ENEMIES; LEAF BEETLE; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; FECAL SHIELD; TRADE-OFF; QUALITY; PERFORMANCE AB The fate of an immature herbivorous insect depends on its mother's ability to locate a host that fosters optimal growth. However, immature performance and survival is often decoupled from female host preference. We used defence manipulation and exclusion experiments to investigate how oviposition choices impact survival in the diet-specialised leaf beetle, Acromis sparsa, whose larvae are defended by host-derived chemical shields, gregariousness and maternal guarding, but can only migrate within a narrow range of leaf options upon the natal host. Females preferred to oviposit on mature leaves of Merremia umbellate morning glory vines their sole host, that were high above ground where egg parasitism was least, although survival of fully defended larvae was greater on young leaves near to the ground. Because ant attacks were prevalent in low sites, while bug and wasp attacks were frequent in high sites, we expected a relationship between sequesterable chemicals, defence efficacy and apparency to site-specific predators. Shields were effective in low but not in high sites. Guarding was effective against ants and bugs in high, but not in low sites. Shields and gregariousness were effective against ants on mature leaves, but ineffective against bugs on young leaves. Shields derived from young leaves, which were richer in oleic acid, were more effective against wasps then bugs. Larvae in high sites migrated to young leaves that contained less phytol, a bug attractant. Larval migration may be an adaptation for the exploitation of enemy-free space when maternal oviposition choices are not optimal for survival. C1 [Vencl, Fredric V.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Vencl, Fredric V.; Srygley, Robert B.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Plata C, Camila A.] Univ Los Andes, Ctr Invest Microbiol & Parsitol Trop, Bogota, Colombia. [Srygley, Robert B.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. RP Vencl, FV (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM fvencl@life.bio.sunysb.edu NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6946 EI 1365-2311 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 38 IS 6 BP 596 EP 607 DI 10.1111/een.12052 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 295OY UT WOS:000330126600010 ER PT J AU Shi, ZQ Cai, ZY Wang, SQ Zhong, QX Bozell, JJ AF Shi, Zengqian Cai, Zhiyong Wang, Siqun Zhong, Qixin Bozell, Joseph J. TI Short-time ultrasonication treatment in enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE enzymatic hydrolysis; lignocellulose; reducing sugar; ultrasonication ID LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; CELLULOSE; PRETREATMENT; SACCHARIFICATION; ACID; LIGNIN; HEMICELLULOSE; FERMENTATION; ENHANCEMENT; BIOETHANOL AB To improve the conversion of enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass in an energy-efficient manner, two short-time ultrasonication strategies were applied on six types of biomass with different structures and components. The strategies include pre-sonication before the hydrolysis and intermittent sonication during the ongoing hydrolysis. The microstructures of each type of biomass were characterized by scanning electron microscopy to investigate the potential correlation between biomass structure and ultra-sonicaton. The concentration of resultant reducing sugar was measured to evaluate the efficiency of the hydrolysis. The results indicate that hydrolysis efficiency greatly depends on the initial structures of biomass and that short-time ultrasonication can yield up to 27.5% improvement in hydrolysis efficiency with only 120 s of sonication. C1 [Shi, Zengqian; Wang, Siqun; Bozell, Joseph J.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Cai, Zhiyong] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Zhong, Qixin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Wang, SQ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Jacob Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM swang@utk.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service; Biomass R and D Program; Tennessee Experimental Station Project [TEN00422] FX The authors thank Dr. C. J. O'Lenick and Mr. Stacy E. Warwick at the Center for Renewable Carbon, the University of Tennessee, for help in preparation of solvent-extracted samples and lignin content determination. We also thank Dr. Ye Liu from the Food Science and Technology Department, University of Tennessee, TN, USA for his assistance in the experiment. This project was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, the 2008 Biomass R and D Program, and Tennessee Experimental Station Project #TEN00422. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 EI 1437-434X J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 8 BP 891 EP 897 DI 10.1515/hf-2013-0024 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 296ZL UT WOS:000330224300008 ER PT J AU Lee, J Mudge, KW AF Lee, Jinwook Mudge, Kenneth W. TI Water deficit affects plant and soil water status, plant growth, and ginsenoside contents in American ginseng SO HORTICULTURE ENVIRONMENT AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abscisic acid (ABA); drought stress; evapotranspiration; leaf water potential; Panax quinquefolium L.; soil water potential ID ABSCISIC-ACID ACCUMULATION; PANAX-QUINQUEFOLIUS; STRESS; LEAF; DROUGHT; L.; LEAVES; ROOT; RESPONSES; CASSAVA AB American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) produces pharmacologically active secondary compounds known as ginsenosides which have been shown to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. In a greenhouse experiment, effects of water deficit on ginseng plant growth, predawn leaf water potential (I-Leaf), soil water potential (I-Soil), leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, and root ginsenoside contents as well as photosynthesis-related physiological responses were studied. Three-year-old seedlings, grown in 200 mL volume of plastic pots, were well watered for 45 days prior to the initiation of water deficit treatments. Plants in the water deficit treatments were irrigated every 10 or 20 days for the mild and severe water deficit treatments, respectively, while the control plants were watered every 4 days. The experiment was terminated after 15, 6, and 3 dry down cycles (60 days) for the control, mild, and severe water deficit treatments, respectively. As water deficit progressed, both I-Soil and I-Leaf decreased, but foliar ABA concentration increased. Other physiological responses to water deficit, including transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and CO2 assimilation rate, were decreased. Water deficit decreased root growth, but unaffected shoot growth. Foliar chlorophyll content was also decreased in the water deficit treatments. The contents of individual ginsenosides Re, Rb1, Rc and Rd, and total ginsenosides were increased in the storage roots of water deficit-treated plants as compared with well-watered controls. Rootlet fresh weight before transplanting (RFWBT) as a covariate had a significant effect on the contents of ginsenoside Rb1, Rc, and Rb2. Overall, the results indicate that water deficit could contribute not only to reducing plant performance but also increasing the levels of ABA and certain ginsenoisdes. C1 [Lee, Jinwook; Mudge, Kenneth W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lee, Jinwook] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jl425@cornell.edu FU Department of Horticulture, Cornell University FX The authors thank Joe Lardner and Dr. Wansang Lim (Department of Horticulture, Cornell University) for their helpful assistance and Dr. Tim L. Setter (Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University) for his technical assistance of the ABA measurement. Jinwook Lee was supported by a graduate research assistantship in the Department of Horticulture, Cornell University. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 23 PU KOREAN SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI SUWON PA C/O NATL HORTICULTURAL RES INST, IMOK-DONG 475, JANGAN-GU, SUWON, 440-706, SOUTH KOREA SN 2211-3452 EI 2211-3460 J9 HORTIC ENVIRON BIOTE JI Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 54 IS 6 BP 475 EP 483 DI 10.1007/s13580-013-0090-2 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 293AE UT WOS:000329943000003 ER PT J AU Liu, YB AF Liu, Yong-Biao TI Nitric Oxide as a Potent Fumigant for Postharvest Pest Control SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; fumigation; quarantine; phytosanitary; postharvest pest control ID SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE; HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE; PHOSPHINE FUMIGATION; NO; GAS; TOXICITY; LETTUCE; EXTEND; LIFE; PEROXYNITRITE AB There is a great demand for safe and effective alternative fumigants to replace methyl bromide and other toxic fulliigari is for postliarvest pest control. Nitric oxide, a common signal molecule in biological systems, was found to be effective and safe to control insects under uhralow oxygen conditions. Four insect species including western flower thrips, Ecankliniella occidenta.lis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae); aphid, Nasonoriu ribisitig74 (Mosley) (Ho moptera: Aphididae); confused flour beetle, Tribulium cottfuslun Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae); and rice weevil, Sitophilusoryz (le (L.) (Cole ptera: Curculionidac), at various life stages were fumigated with 0.1-2.0% nitric oxide under ultralow oxygen levels of <= 50 ppm in 1.9-liter glass jars at 2-25 degrees C depending on insect species. Fumigations were effective against all four insect species. Efficacy of nitric oxide fumigation increased with nitric oxide concentration, treatment time, and temperature. There were also considerable variations among insect species as well as life stages in susceptibility to nitric oxide fumigation. Complete control of thrips was achieved in 2 and 8 h with 2.0 and 0.2% nitric oxide, respectively, at 2 degrees C. At the same temperature, complete control of the aphid was achieved in 3, 9, and 12 h with 1.0, 0.5, and 0.2% nitric oxide, respectively. Larvae, pupae, and adults of confused flour beetle were effectively controlled in 24 ft with 0.5% nitric oxide at 20 degrees C. Complete mortality of confused flour beetle eggs was achieved in 24 h with 2.0% nitric oxide at 10 degrees C. Rice weevil adults and eggs were effectively controlled with 1.0% nitric oxide in 24 and 48 h, respectively, at 25 degrees C. These results indicate that nitric oxide has potential as a fumigant for postharvest pest control. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Liu, YB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM yongbiao.liu@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS) FX I thank T. Masuda and J. Wasson for technical assistance and Insects Limited, Inc. (Westfield, IN) for providing a starter culture of rice weevil. The findings of this study have been filed for patent protection in the United States (U.S. Patent Application No 131828,325) by U.S. Department of Agriculture. The study was in part funded by a Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops (TASC) grant from U.S. Department of Agriculture-Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS). NR 42 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2267 EP 2274 DI 10.1603/EC13249 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200004 PM 24498723 ER PT J AU Hallman, GJ Myers, SW Taret, G Fontenot, EA Vreysen, MJB AF Hallman, Guy J. Myers, Scott W. Taret, Gustavo Fontenot, Emily A. Vreysen, Marc J. B. TI Phytosanitary Cold Treatment for Oranges Infested With Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cold treatment; quarantine treatment; phytosanitary treatment; peach fruit fly; Mediterranean fruit fly AB The peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), attacks a wide range of tree fruits in countries from Egypt to Vietnam and is occasionally trapped in the United States. Phytosanitary treatments may be required to export fruit hosts of this insect from countries where it is endemic to countries where it is absent but could become established. This research describes comparative studies to determine if B. zonata could be phytosanitarily controlled by cold treatment schedules existing for Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and Anastrepha ludens (Loew), and the development of a cold treatment of 18 d at 1.7 degrees C for B. zonata infesting oranges. Fruit were infested by puncturing holes in oranges and allowing tephritids to oviposit in the holes. The treatments were initiated when the larvae reached late third instar because previous research had shown that stage to be the most cold-tolerant. B. zonata was not found to be confidently as or less cold tolerant than C. capitata; therefore, treatment schedules for the latter are not supported by this research for the former. B. zonata was found to be more susceptible to 1.7 degrees C than A. ludens; therefore, the use of treatment schedules for A. ludens is supported by this research for B. zonata. However, the treatment for A. ludens requires 22 d. A shorter treatment was verified for B. zonata when 36,820 third instars reared from the eggs in oranges were stored at 1.7 degrees C for 18 d with no larvae moving on examination 24 h after removal from the cold treatment chamber. C1 [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Myers, Scott W.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Taret, Gustavo; Fontenot, Emily A.; Vreysen, Marc J. B.] IAEA, Joint FAO IAEA Div Nucl Tech Food & Agr, Insect Pest Control Lab, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. RP Hallman, GJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM guy.hallman@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2336 EP 2340 DI 10.1603/EC13221 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200012 PM 24498731 ER PT J AU Bernklau, EJ Hibbard, BE Bjostad, LB AF Bernklau, E. J. Hibbard, B. E. Bjostad, L. B. TI Isolation and Characterization of Host Recognition Cues in Corn Roots for Larvae of the Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; Zea mays; behavior; larva; host recognition ID DIABROTICA-VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA; NILAPARVATA-LUGENS STAL; AMINO-ACIDS; FEEDING STIMULANTS; ZEA-MAYS; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; BROWN PLANTHOPPER; LIPID-COMPOSITION; TRANSGENIC-MAIZE; SUGARS AB Behavioral bioassays were used to isolate compounds from germinating corn roots that elicit a host recognition response (tight-turning behavior) by neonate larvae of the western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte. When a behaviorally active extract of germinating corn roots was separated into an aqueous partition and a hexane partition, significantly more larvae (P < 0.05) responded to the recombined partitions than to either partition alone, demonstrating that the active material is a blend comprising both polar and nonpolar compounds. When the aqueous partition was separated with reverse-phase solid phase extraction, most of the behavioral activity was retained in the 100% water fraction (F-1). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis determined that F-1 contained a blend of small sugars, diacids, amino acids, and inorganic compounds. The nonpolar partition was separated on a silica column, and the resulting fractions were tested in combination with F-1 from the aqueous separation. More than 70% of larvae responded to the 100% acetone fraction (fraction B) in combination with F-1, and the response to this treatment was significantly higher than responses to the other nonpolar fractions or to F-1 alone. Methyl esterification of fraction B, followed by gas chromatographic fatty acid methyl ester analysis, confirmed that fraction B primarily consisted of lipids containing fatty acyl groups. C1 [Bernklau, E. J.; Bjostad, L. B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hibbard, B. E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Bernklau, EJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Campus Delivery 1177, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM ebernklau@lamar.colostate.edu FU USDA-NRI [2009-35302-05256]; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station [622] FX Funding for this project Was provided by the USDA-NRI Award No. 2009-35302-05256 and the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station (project ntunber 622). NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2354 EP 2363 DI 10.1603/EC12462 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200015 PM 24498734 ER PT J AU Mech, AM Asaro, C Cram, MM Coyle, DR Gullan, PJ Cook, LG Gandhi, KJK AF Mech, Angela M. Asaro, Christopher Cram, Michelle M. Coyle, David R. Gullan, Penelope J. Cook, Lyn G. Gandhi, Kamal J. K. TI Matsucoccus macrocicatrices (Hemiptera: Matsucoccidae): First Report, Distribution, and Association With Symptomatic Eastern White Pine in the Southeastern United States SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE eastern white pine; Matsucoccidae; Matsucoccus macrocicatrices; Pinus strobus; southeastern United States ID HOMOPTERA; SCALE; PHYLOGENY; COCCOIDEA AB We provide the first report of Matsucoccus macrocicatrices Richards (Hemiptera: Mat-sucoccidae) feeding and reproducing on eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L., in the southeastern United States. Until now, M. macrocicatrices had been reported only from the Canadian Atlantic Maritimes, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. Entomological holdings of 27 major museums in eastern North America have no historical records for M. macrocicatrices from the southeastern region. However, our field surveys and molecular analyses (DNA barcoding) have resulted in the collection and positive identification of M. macrocicatrices in Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. In addition to the new geographic range, M. macrocicatrices is also being associated with dieback and mortality of all diameter classes of P. strobus leading to concern about a potential shift from its historically nonpestiferous presence on the host tree. On P. strobus, M. macrocicatrices was found embedded in cankers or present on top of the bark with necrotic tissue under their feeding area, indicating that they may be creating wounds for opportunistic pathogenic fungi to infest. Further, we found M. macrocicatrices living outside of the epiphytic mats of its symbiotic fungus, Septobasidium pinicola Snell. This study shows that M. macrocicatrices is now widespread in the southeastern United States, with implications for the future survival and regeneration of P. strobus in eastern North America. C1 [Mech, Angela M.; Coyle, David R.; Gandhi, Kamal J. K.] Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Asaro, Christopher] Virginia Dept Forestry, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Cram, Michelle M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gullan, Penelope J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Evolut Ecol & Genet, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Cook, Lyn G.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Mech, AM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM angmech@uga.edu RI Cook, Lyn/G-7336-2012 OI Cook, Lyn/0000-0002-3172-4920 FU Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry; Natural Resources, University of Georgia; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, Forest Health Protection; Virginia Department of Forestry FX We thank B. Barnes, C. Brissey, and K. Smoot (University of Georgia) for field and laboratory support. J. Sullivan (Georgia Forestry Commission); M. Bohne and I. Munek (U.S. Department. of Agriculture Forest Service); K. Lombard (New flampshire Division of Forests and Lands), B. Heath (North Carolina Forest Service); and K. Caningion, B. Keseeker, and J. Rose (West Virginia Department. of Agriculture) kindly sent us P. strobus samples. We are also thankful to G. Stanosz and D. Smith (University of Wisconsin), G. Hodges (Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences), and D. Henk (Imperial College, United Kingdom) for their assistance with identifications. Thanks also to T. Edgerton (Virginia Department of Forestry) for producing the scale distribution map. Many researchers at various museums assisted with specimen retrievals including S. Alm (University of Rhode Island), B. Blinn (North Carolina State University), C. Bartlett (University of Delaware), S. Boucher (McGill University), D. Chandler (University of New Hampshire), T. Chapman (Memorial University), S. Clutts (University of Kentucky), E. Day (Virginia Tech University), A. Deans (Penn State University), J. Dombroskie (Cornell University), C. Donahue (Maine Forest Service), F. Drummond (University of Maine), R. Foottit (Canadian National Collection), H. Ginsberg (Rhode Island Museum of Natural History) T. Hanson (Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation), R. Hoebeke (University of Georgia), S. Krauth (University of Wisconsin), P. Lambdin (University of Tennessee), D. Miller (Smithsonian), J. Morse (Clemson University), L. Musetti (Ohio State University), B. Normark (University of Massachusetts), j. O'Donnell (University of Connecticut), G. Parsons (Michigan State University) A. Provonsha (Purdue University), C. Ray, Jr. (Auburn University), T. Schiefer (Mississippi State University), I. Stocks (Florida Department of Agriculture), and j. Strazanac (West Virginia University). We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on this manuscript. Funding was provided by the Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, Forest Health Protection; and Virginia Department of Forestry. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2391 EP 2398 DI 10.1603/EC13251 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200020 PM 24498739 ER PT J AU Coots, C Lambdin, P Grant, J Rhea, R AF Coots, Carla Lambdin, Paris Grant, Jerome Rhea, Rusty TI Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Residues of Imidacloprid and Its Insecticidal 5-Hydroxy and Olefin and Metabolites in Eastern Hemlock (Pinales: Pinaceae) in the Southern Appalachians SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tsuga canadensis; neonicotinoid; systemic insecticide; hemlock woolly adelgid; canopy translocation ID HOMOPTERA AB Widespread mortality of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere, resulting from infestation by hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), has occurred throughout the native range of eastern hemlock within the eastern United States. Imida-cloprid, a systemic insecticide, is one of the primary chemical compounds used to control hemlock woolly adelgid in both urban and, in a limited manner, in natural forest environments. The metabolism of imidacloprid in eastern hemlock produces 12 metabolites; two of these, imidacloprid 5-hydroxy and imidacloprid olefin, are considered toxicologically important metabolites. However, little is known about the persistence of these metabolites in eastern hemlock in the southern Appalachians. Concentrations of imidacloprid, olefin, and 5-hydroxy were quantified by using HPLC/MS/MS techniques. Over the 3-yr study, concentrations of imidacloprid and consequent 5-hydroxy and olefin were highest in trees treated with a soil injection in the spring. Imidacloprid and 5-hydroxy concentrations in sap were highest at 12 mo posttreatment and in tissue at 15 mo posttreatment. Imidacloprid was detected through 36 mo posttreatment and 5-hydroxy was detected through 15 mo posttreatment. Olefin concentrations in both sap and tissue were highest at 36 mo posttreatment and were detected in high concentrations through 36 mo posttreatment. Concentrations of imidacloprid were highest in the bottom stratum of the canopy and lowest in the top stratum. Concentrations of olefin and 5-hydroxy were highest in the top stratum and lowest in the bottom stratum. C1 [Coots, Carla; Lambdin, Paris; Grant, Jerome] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rhea, Rusty] USDA Forest Serv, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Coots, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM cdillin1@utk.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service FX We thank D. Paulsen (Department. of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN) for assistance with field experiments, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service for their partial financial support of this project, and Bayer Chemical Corporation for providing chemical standards. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 17 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2399 EP 2406 DI 10.1603/EC13142 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200021 PM 24498740 ER PT J AU Francese, JA Rietz, ML Crook, DJ Fraser, I Lance, DR Mastro, VC AF Francese, Joseph A. Rietz, Michael L. Crook, Damon J. Fraser, Ivich Lance, David R. Mastro, Victor C. TI Improving Detection Tools for the Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Comparison of Prism and Multifunnel Traps at Varying Population Densities SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prism trap; multifunnel trap; Sabic purple; Sabic green; detection tools ID AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; CAPTURING CERAMBYCID BEETLES; PANEL TRAPS; ATTRACTION; PLACEMENT; VOLATILES; EFFICACY; COLOR; (Z)-3-HEXENOL; RESPONSES AB The current emerald ash borer survey trap used in the United States is a prism trap constructed from a stock purple corrugated plastic. In recent years, several colors (particularly shades of green and purple) have been shown to be more attractive to the emerald ash borer than this stock color. Our goal was to determine if plastics produced with these colors and incorporated into prism traps can improve and serve as a new alternative to plastics already in use for the emerald ash borer survey. The plastics were tested in moderate to heavily infested areas in Michigan in two initial studies to test their effectiveness at catching the emerald ash borer. Because results from studies performed in heavily infested sites may not always correspond with what is found along the edges of the infestation, we compared trap catch and detection rates (recording at least one catch on a trap over the course of the entire trapping season) of several trap types and colors at sites outside the core of the currently known emerald ash borer infestation in a nine-state detection tool comparison study. Two of the new plastics, a (Sabic) purple and a medium-dark (Sabic) green were incorporated into prism traps and tested alongside a standard purple prism trap and a green multifunnel trap. In areas with lower emerald ash borer density, the new purple (Sabic) corrugated plastic caught more beetles than the current purple prism trap, as well as more than the medium-dark green (Sabic) prism and green multifunnel traps. Sabic purple traps in the detection tools comparison study recorded a detection rate of 86% compared with 73, 66, and 58% for the standard purple, Sabic green, and green multifunnel traps, respectively. These detection rates were reduced to 80, 63, 55, and 46%, respectively, at low emerald ash borer density sites. C1 [Francese, Joseph A.; Crook, Damon J.; Lance, David R.; Mastro, Victor C.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Otis Lab, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Rietz, Michael L.; Fraser, Ivich] USDA APHIS PPQ, Emerald Ash Borer Project, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Francese, JA (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Otis Lab, 1398 West Truck Rd, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. EM joe.francese@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA-APHIS-PPQ Emerald Ash Borer Program FX The staff of the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Servce-Plant Protection and Quarantine Center for Plant health Science Technology (USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST) Brighton Lab provided field work assistance: Bethany Boegler, Ben Sorensen, Nicole Smith, Janna Daimler, Paul Grieve, Tony Kern, Danita King, Ryan league Grace O'Connor, Joe Rogers, Katie Schott, and Carissa Vanderschaaf. Al Sawyer (Otis lab) provided planning and analytical advice. The detection tools study would not have been possible without the help of numerous state and USDA-APHIS-PPQ cooperators who helped with trap set-up and checking. Helen Hull-Sanders (Otis Lab) and Sara Grady provided useful comments to later versions of this manuscript. This work was funded by the USDA-APHIS-PPQ Emerald Ash Borer Program. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2407 EP 2414 DI 10.1603/EC13013 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200022 PM 24498741 ER PT J AU Francese, JA Rietz, ML Mastro, VC AF Francese, Joseph A. Rietz, Michael L. Mastro, Victor C. TI Optimization of Multifunnel Traps for Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Influence of Size, Trap Coating, and Color SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; multifunnel trap; fluon; purple; green ID AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; CAPTURING CERAMBYCID BEETLES; PANEL TRAPS; PRISM TRAPS; (Z)-3-HEXENOL; PLACEMENT; EFFICACY; FLUON; LURE; OIL AB Field assays were conducted in southeastern and south-central Michigan in 2011 and 2012 to optimize green and purple multifunnel (Lindgren funnel) traps for use as a survey tool for the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire. Larger sized (12- and 16-unit) multifunnel traps caught more beetles than their smaller-sized (4- and 8-unit) counterparts. Green traps coated with untinted (white) fluon caught almost four times as many adult A. planipennis as Rain-X and tinted (green) fluon-coated traps and almost 33 times more beetles than untreated control traps. Purple multifunnel traps generally caught much lower numbers of A. planipennis adults than green traps, and trap catch on them was not affected by differences in the type of coating applied. However, trap coating was necessary as untreated control purple traps caught significantly less beetles than traps treated with Rain-X and untinted or tinted (purple) fluon. Proportions of male beetles captured were generally much higher on green traps than on purple traps, but sex ratios were not affected by trap coating. In 2012, a new shade of purple plastic, based on a better color match to an attractive purple paint than the previously used purple, was used for trapping assays. When multifunnel traps were treated with fluon, green traps caught more A. planipennis adults than both shades of purple and a prism trap that was manufactured based on the same color match. Trap catch was not affected by diluting the fluon concentration applied to traps to 50% (1:1 mixture in water). At 10%, trap catch was significantly lowered. C1 [Francese, Joseph A.; Mastro, Victor C.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Otis Lab, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Rietz, Michael L.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Emerald Ash Borer Project, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Francese, JA (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Otis Lab, 1398 West Truck Rd, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. EM joe.francese@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA-APHIS-PPQ Emerald Ash Borer Program FX The staff of the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service-Plant Protection and Quarantine-Center for Plant Health Science Technology (USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST) Brighton Lab provided field work assistance: Bethany Boegler, Ben Sorensen, Paul Grieve, Corey Jansen, Mike Kersjes, Danita King, Ryan League, Erin Piper, Katie Schott, and Carissa Vanderschaal Damon Crook and Dave Lance (Otis Lab), in addition to planning and technical assistance, provided useful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Ivich Fraser (Brighton Lab) also provided planning and technical assistance. This work was funded by the USDA-APHIS-PPQ Emerald Ash Borer Program. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2415 EP 2423 DI 10.1603/EC13014 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200023 PM 24498742 ER PT J AU Steffan, SA Lee, JC Singleton, ME Vilaire, A Walsh, DB Lavine, LS Patten, K AF Steffan, Shawn A. Lee, Jana C. Singleton, Merritt E. Vilaire, Auriel Walsh, Doug B. Lavine, Laura S. Patten, Kim TI Susceptibility of Cranberries to Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cranberry; fruit; ripeness; spotted wing drosophila; susceptibility ID SPOTTED-WING DROSOPHILA; UNITED-STATES AB Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), commonly referred to as the spotted wing drosophila, is an exotic species that has proven a troublesome pest of fruit production in the United States. The fly targets small fruit and thus represents a concern for the U.S. cranberry industry. Two studies were conducted to assess whether cranberries may serve as hosts for D. suzukii. In the first study, the suitability of ripe, unripe, and over-ripe cranberries were assayed by examining adult oviposition and larval development in no-choice trials. In the second study, wounded and unwounded fruit were examined as potential hosts in choice and no-choice trials. Our first study showed that ripe, unripe, and over-ripe cranberries were unsuitable hosts (few eggs were laid, with no surviving puparia). In the wounded and unwounded berry study, no larvae survived to adulthood among unwounded berries. Within wounded fruit, D. suzukii readily fed and developed into adults. Together, these results suggest that unwounded cranberrieswhether ripe, unripe, or over-ripeare unsuitable as hosts for D. suzukii. Wounded rotting cranberries, however, can serve as hosts. Across the landscape, cranberry marshes with rotting fruit may contribute to D. suzukii source-sink dynamics. C1 [Steffan, Shawn A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Steffan, Shawn A.; Singleton, Merritt E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lee, Jana C.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Vilaire, Auriel; Walsh, Doug B.; Lavine, Laura S.; Patten, Kim] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Steffan, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM steffan@entomology.wisc.edu FU Wisconsin Cranberry Board, Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System (USDA-CRIS) [3655-21220-001-00D]; USDA-CRIS [5358-22000-032-00D]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDA-SCRI) [2010-51181-21167] FX We thank Dave Edwards and Christina Fieland for laboratory assistance. Gratitude is also extended to Dan Mahr and Tint Dittl. This project was funded by the Wisconsin Cranberry Board, Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System (USDA-CRIS) 3655-21220-001-00D, USDA-CRIS 5358-22000-032-00D, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDA-SCRI) grant 2010-51181-21167. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 33 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2424 EP 2427 DI 10.1603/EC13331 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200024 PM 24498743 ER PT J AU Dyer, JM Sappington, TW Coates, BS AF Dyer, Jeanette M. Sappington, Thomas W. Coates, Brad S. TI Evaluation of Tolerance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins Among Laboratory-Reared Western Bean Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; western bean cutworm; transgenic corn; toxin; dose-Dresponse assay ID HELICOVERPA-ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; ALBICOSTA SMITH LEPIDOPTERA; TRANSGENIC CORN HYBRIDS; INSECTICIDAL PROTEIN; RESISTANCE; BOLLWORM; COTTON; BT; CRAMBIDAE; NEBRASKA AB The western bean cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a destructive insect pest of dry beans and corn within its native range of western Nebraska and eastern Colorado. However, since the initiation of an eastward range expansion of S. albicosta in the late 1990s, economic damage has been observed in the Midwest, and the species has now reached the Atlantic Coast and Quebec. Economic damage to corn occurs by larval feeding on ears, which is not controlled by commercial transgenic hybrids that express Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry1Ab, but partial control is observed by corn varieties that express Cry1 F toxins. Inadequate protocols for laboratory rearing of S. albicosta have hindered controlled efficacy experimentation in the laboratory and field. We report an S. albicosta rearing methodology used to maintain a laboratory colony for 12 continuous generations. Rearing procedures were adapted for Bt toxin diet-overlay assays, revealing that S. albicosta larvae exposed to Bt toxin for 14 d were insensitive to Cry1Ab concentrations up to 25,000 ng/cm(2). In contrast, neonates exposed to Cry1 F toxin at >= 250 ng/cm(2), showed reduced developmental rates, with estimated effective concentrations of EC50 = 1,187.5 ng/cm(2) and EC95 = 10,000.5 ng/cm(2). The ability to mass produce this pest insect will enhance fundamental research, including evaluation of control tactics and toxin susceptibility. C1 [Dyer, Jeanette M.; Sappington, Thomas W.; Coates, Brad S.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sappington, Thomas W.; Coates, Brad S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Coates, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.coates@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-DARS (CRIS) [3625-22000-017-00D]; Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Iowa State University, Ames, IA [3543] FX We thank Craig A. Abel, Leslie C. Lewis, and Richard L. Hellmich for editorial review, and Cindy Backus, Keith Bidne, and Bob Gunnarson for technical support of this research. This research was a joint contribution from the USDA-DARS (CRIS Project 3625-22000-017-00D), and the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Project 3543). NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2467 EP 2472 DI 10.1603/EC13190 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200030 PM 24498749 ER PT J AU Frank, DL Zukoff, A Barry, J Higdon, ML Hibbard, BE AF Frank, Daniel L. Zukoff, Anthony Barry, Julie Higdon, Matthew L. Hibbard, Bruce E. TI Development of Resistance to eCry3.1Ab-Expressing Transgenic Maize in a Laboratory-Selected Population of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bt resistance; Bacillus thuringiensis; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; insect resistance management ID VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA LECONTE; EVENT DAS-59122-7; MORTALITY; PROTEINS; LARVAE; FIELD; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INSECTICIDES; NEBRASKA; SURVIVAL AB A laboratory colony of western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, was selected for resistance to transgenic maize expressing the eCry3.1Ab protein. The selected colony was developed by rearing larvae on nonelite noncommercial Bt maize expressing the eCry3.1Ab protein. After four generations, selected and control colonies were screened on eCry3.1Ab-expressing and isoline maize using greenhouse experiments. There was a significant colony x maize pedigree interaction in terms of the number of larvae recovered. There was no significant difference in the number of larvae recovered from eCry3.1Ab-expressing and isoline maize for the selected colony, whereas this difference was significant for the control colony. There was not a significant colony x maize pedigree interaction in terms of root damage, or the number of beetles recovered, but the effect of maize pedigree was significant. After four and eight generations of selection, seedling bioassays were performed. Again, there was a significant colony x maize pedigree interaction in terms of the number of larvae recovered. After 11 generations of selection, larvae from the selected colony had higher LC50 values than the control colony when exposed to increasing concentrations of the eCry3.1Ab protein. The resistance ratio of the selected colony was 2.58. These data provide necessary information for understanding the potential for Bt resistance by western corn rootworm and underscores the need for insect resistance management plans for this pest. C1 [Frank, Daniel L.] W Virginia Univ, Extens Serv, Agr & Nat Resources Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Frank, Daniel L.; Zukoff, Anthony; Barry, Julie; Higdon, Matthew L.; Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Frank, DL (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Extens Serv, Agr & Nat Resources Unit, Agr Sci Bldg,POB 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM dlfrank@mail.wvu.edu NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 33 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2506 EP 2513 DI 10.1603/EC13148 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200033 PM 24498752 ER PT J AU Wang, CL Lu, LH Zhang, AJ Liu, CF AF Wang, Changlu Lu, Lihua Zhang, Aijun Liu, Chaofeng TI Repellency of Selected Chemicals Against the Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bed bug; repellent; DEET; natural product; essential oil ID BITING MIDGES DIPTERA; FIELD-EVALUATION; BLACK FLIES; PERSONAL PROTECTION; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; ESSENTIAL OIL; LAND LEECHES; DEET; N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE; PERMETHRIN AB In recent years, the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), became a major public health concern in urban communities. Bed bugs are notoriously difficult to control, and their bites are not tolerated by most people. The public has an urgent need for materials and methods to reduce bed bug introduction and bites during work, travel, or sleep. A repellent product will help achieve these goals by discouraging and preventing bed bugs from moving to a protected area. We evaluated the repellency of three commercially available insect repellent or control materials and five nonregistered materials with the goal of identifying safe and effective bed bug repellents. The two commercial repellent products that contained 7% picaridin or 0.5% permethrin had little repellency against bed bugs. N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), the most commonly used insect repellent, provided a high level of repellency against bed bugs. When a host cue (carbon dioxide) was present, the minimum DEET concentration to repel >= 94% of the bed bugs for a 9-h period was 10%. The longevity of repellency of DEET was concentration dependent. At 25% concentration, DEET-treated fabric surface remained highly repellent to bed bugs for a 14-d period. However, DEET has a strong smell and dissolves certain plastic materials. Therefore, we evaluated several odorless, noncorrosive, and potentially effective repellents. Isolongifolenone and isolongifolanone, two natural products and recently reported insect repellents, exhibited strong repellent property against bed bugs but at significantly lower levels than DEET. Three novel potential repellent compounds discovered by Bedoukian Research Inc. (Danbury, CT) exhibited similar level of repellency and longevity as DEET for repelling bed bugs. These nonirritant and odorless compounds are promising candidates as alternatives to DEET for reducing the spread of bed bugs and bed bug bites. C1 [Wang, Changlu] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Lu, Lihua] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Plant Protect Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Chaofeng] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Wang, CL (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, 93 Lipman Dr, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM cwang@aesop.rutgers.edu FU Bedoukian Research Inc. FX We thank Marcus Kwasek and Narinderpal Singh for technical assistance, Bedoukian Research Inc., for providing study materials and partial financial support to this project. We also appreciate the critical reviews from Narinderpal Singh, Richard Cooper, and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. This is New Jersey Experiment Station Publication No. D-08-08117-03-13. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 37 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2522 EP 2529 DI 10.1603/EC13155 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200035 PM 24498754 ER PT J AU Ramm, C Saathoff, A Donze, T Heng-Moss, T Baxendale, F Twigg, P Baird, L Amundsen, K AF Ramm, Crystal Saathoff, Aaron Donze, Teresa Heng-Moss, Tiffany Baxendale, Frederick Twigg, Paul Baird, Lisa Amundsen, Keenan TI Expression Profiling of Four Defense-Related Buffalograss Transcripts in Response to Chinch Bug (Hemiptera: Blissidae) Feeding SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Buchloe dactyloides; Blissus occiduus; plant resistance; peroxidase; catalase ID BLISSUS-OCCIDUUS HEMIPTERA; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIAL INDUCTION; OXIDATIVE RESPONSES; DISEASE RESISTANCE; APHID INFESTATION; PLANT DEFENSE; PEROXIDASE; LYGAEIDAE; HERBIVORY AB Oxidative enzymes are one of many key players in plant tolerance responses and defense signaling pathways. This study evaluated gene expression of four buffalograss transcripts (two peroxidases, a catalase, and a GRAS (gibberellic acid insensitive [GAI], repressor of GAI, and scarecrow) and total peroxidase activity in response to western chinch bug (Blissus occiduus Barber) feeding in susceptible and resistant buffalograsses (Buchloe dactyloides (Nuttall) Engelmann). Basal levels of all four transcripts were consistently higher in the resistant buffalograss when compared with the susceptible genotype, which suggests important physiological differences exist between the two buffalograsses. The four defense-related transcripts also showed differential expression between infested and control plants for both the resistant and susceptible buffalograsses. Differences in total peroxidase activity were also detected between control and infested plants, and basal peroxidase activity was higher in the resistant genotype. Overall, this study indicates that elevated basal levels of specific peroxidases, catalases, and GRAS may be an effective buffalograss defense strategy against chinch bug feeding and other similar biotic stresses. C1 [Ramm, Crystal; Donze, Teresa; Heng-Moss, Tiffany; Baxendale, Frederick] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Saathoff, Aaron] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Twigg, Paul] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68449 USA. [Baird, Lisa] Univ San Diego, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. [Amundsen, Keenan] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Heng-Moss, T (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, 105 Entomol Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM thengmoss2@unl.edu NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2568 EP 2576 DI 10.1603/EC13267 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293RK UT WOS:000329991200040 PM 24498759 ER PT J AU Leach, AG Kaminski, RM Straub, JN Ezell, AW Hawkins, TS Leininger, TD AF Leach, Alan G. Kaminski, Richard M. Straub, Jacob N. Ezell, Andrew W. Hawkins, Tracy S. Leininger, Theodor D. TI Interannual Consistency of Gross Energy in Red Oak Acorns SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE acorns; carrying capacity; mallard; true metabolizable energy; Mississippi Alluvial Valley; red oak; wood duck ID TRUE METABOLIZABLE ENERGY; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; CONFIDENCE-INTERVAL; MALLARDS; MASS AB Red oak Quercus spp., Subgenus Erythrobalanus acorns are forage for mallards Anas platyrhyncos, wood ducks Aix sponsa, and other wildlife that use bottomland hardwood forests in the southeastern United States. However, annual variation in true metabolizable energy from acorns would affect carrying-capacity estimates of bottomland hardwood forests for wintering ducks. Because gross energy and true metabolizable energy are strongly positively correlated and gross energy is easier to measure than true metabolizable energy, we used gross energy as a surrogate for true metabolizable energy. We measured gross energy of six species of red oak acorns in autumns 2008 and 2009. Within species, mean gross energy of these acorns varied less than 2% between years. The small interannual variation in gross energy of red oak acorns found in this study would have negligible effect on estimates of carrying capacity of bottomland hardwood forests for wintering ducks and other wildlife. C1 [Leach, Alan G.; Kaminski, Richard M.; Straub, Jacob N.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ezell, Andrew W.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hawkins, Tracy S.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Leininger, Theodor D.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Leach, AG (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1664 North Virginia St,MS 186, Reno, NV 89559 USA. EM aleach@cabnr.unr.edu OI Leach, Alan/0000-0002-7645-8312 FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research [07-JV11330127-140]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Region 4) [CS65]; Forest and Wildlife Research Center (FWRC), Mississippi State University FX We sincerely thank C. Aultman and her staff for conducting acorn GE assays. This manuscript was improved by comments from Heath Hagy, the Subject Editor, and two anonymous reviewers. Our research was supported by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research (Agreement 07-JV11330127-140); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Region 4, Challenge Cost Share Grant #CS65); and Forest and Wildlife Research Center (FWRC), Mississippi State University. Our manuscript has been approved for publication as FWRC-WFA manuscript WF-354. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 4 IS 2 BP 303 EP 306 DI 10.3996/102012-JFWM-095 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 278NZ UT WOS:000328898300007 ER PT J AU Yeh, HY Shoemaker, CA Klesius, PH AF Yeh, H-Y Shoemaker, C. A. Klesius, P. H. TI Chemotactic activity of channel catfish, Ictaturus punctatus (Rafinesque), recombinant cyclophilin A SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE channel catfish; chemotaxis; cyclophilin A; Ictalurus punctatus; peptidyl-prolyl isomerase A ID ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION METHOD; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CYCLOSPORINE-A; BINDING-PROTEIN; RAPID DETECTION; IDENTIFICATION; ISOMERASE; MACROPHAGES; EXPRESSION; TARGET C1 [Yeh, H-Y; Shoemaker, C. A.; Klesius, P. H.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL USA. RP Yeh, HY (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM hungyueh.yeh@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank James C. Day and Jeffrey E. McVicker for fish care, and Ifayet Johnson-Mayo, Dorothy B. Moseley, Jason A. White and Paige Mumma of Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Auburn, AL for excellent technical support. This study was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project No. 6420-32000-024-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this paper is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 EI 1365-2761 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 36 IS 12 BP 1041 EP 1046 DI 10.1111/jfd.12115 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 295FH UT WOS:000330101500011 PM 23634847 ER PT J AU Wang, H Jacobs, DR Gaffo, AL Gross, MD Goff, DC Carr, JJ AF Wang, H. Jacobs, D. R., Jr. Gaffo, A. L. Gross, M. D. Goff, D. C., Jr. Carr, J. J. TI Longitudinal association between serum urate and subclinical atherosclerosis: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study SO JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE calcified plaque; intima-media thickness; subclinical atherosclerosis; urate; uric acid ID URIC-ACID PREDICTS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HEART-DISEASE; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; HYPERURICEMIA; METAANALYSIS; POPULATION; PROGRESSION; MORTALITY AB ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to determine whether serum urate (sUA) concentration is positively associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, independent of body mass index (BMI), amongst generally healthy adults. Design and settingThe CARDIA study followed 5115 Black and White individuals aged 18-30years in 1985-1986 (year 0). Subclinical atherosclerosis comprised coronary artery calcified plaque (CAC; years 15, 20 and 25), and maximum common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT; year 20). sUA (years 0, 10, 15 and 20) was modelled as gender-specific quartiles that were pooled. Discrete-time hazard regressions and generalized linear regressions were used for analyses. ResultsMean sUA concentration was lower in women than in men and increased with age. Adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors, the highest versus lowest quartile of sUA at year 0 was associated with a 44% [95% confidence interval (CI) 20%, 73%] greater risk of CAC progression from years 15 to 25 (P-trend<0.001), which was attenuated by adjustment for BMI at year 0 (P-trend=0.45). A stronger association was found between sUA at year 15 and CAC progression at year 20 or 25 (hazard ratio 2.07, 95% CI 1.66, 2.58 for the highest versus lowest sUA quartile P-trend<0.001), which was attenuated, but remained significant with additional adjustment for BMI at year 15 (P-trend=0.01). A greater increment in sUA concentration from year 0 to year 15, independent of change in BMI, was related to a higher risk of CAC progression (P-trend<0.001). Similar associations were found between sUA and IMT, but only in men. ConclusionsUA may be an early biomarker for subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults; starting in early middle age, sUA predicts subclinical atherosclerosis independently of BMI. C1 [Wang, H.; Jacobs, D. R., Jr.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Wang, H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gaffo, A. L.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Gross, M. D.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Goff, D. C., Jr.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Goff, D. C., Jr.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Goff, D. C., Jr.] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Carr, J. J.] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Div Radiol Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Carr, J. J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nashville, TN USA. RP Jacobs, DR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, 1300 South Second St,Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM jacob004@umn.edu RI Carr, John/A-1938-2012 OI Carr, John/0000-0002-4398-8237 FU CARDIA [NO1-HC-48047, NO1-HC-48048, NO1-HC-48049, NO1-HC-48050, N01-HC-95095, N01-HC-05187]; New England Medical Center Hospitals, Inc., Ultrasound Reading Center [HHSN268200425204C]; Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Computed Tomography Reading Center [HHSN268200425205C]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [YALTA: NIH 1RO1-HL53560] FX CARDIA: field centres NO1-HC-48047 to 48050, Coordinating Center N01-HC-95095 and reading subcontracts from the Coordinating Center to Harbor-UCLA Research Education Institute, Computed Tomography Reading Center, N01-HC-05187 and New England Medical Center Hospitals, Inc., Ultrasound Reading Center, HHSN268200425204C. J.J. Carr, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Computed Tomography Reading Center, HHSN268200425205C; D. R. Jacobs and M. D. Gross (joint principal investigators), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (YALTA: NIH 1RO1-HL53560). The funding organizations had no role in the design of study, choice of enrolled patients, review and interpretation of data, or preparation or approval of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0954-6820 EI 1365-2796 J9 J INTERN MED JI J. Intern. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 274 IS 6 BP 594 EP 609 DI 10.1111/joim.12120 PG 16 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 295FN UT WOS:000330102100011 PM 23952533 ER PT J AU Ma, X Lin, L Yue, J Pradhan, G Qin, G Minze, LJ Wu, H Sheikh-Hamad, D Smith, CW Sun, Y AF Ma, X. Lin, L. Yue, J. Pradhan, G. Qin, G. Minze, L. J. Wu, H. Sheikh-Hamad, D. Smith, C. W. Sun, Y. TI Ghrelin receptor regulates HFCS-induced adipose inflammation and insulin resistance SO NUTRITION & DIABETES LA English DT Article DE ghrelin receptor; HFCS; macrophages; inflammation; insulin resistance; liver steatosis ID FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP; HORMONE SECRETAGOGUE RECEPTOR; FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; GHS-R; MICE; TISSUE; MACROPHAGES; ACTIVATION AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is the most commonly used sweetener in the United States. Some studies show that HFCS consumption correlates with obesity and insulin resistance, while other studies are in disagreement. Owing to conflicting and insufficient scientific evidence, the safety of HFCS consumption remains controversial. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We investigated the metabolic consequences of mice fed a (a) regular diet, (b) 'Western' high-fat diet or (c) regular diet supplemented with 8% HFCS in drinking water (to mimic soft drinks) for 10 months. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) have emerged as a major pathogenic factor for obesity and insulin resistance. ATMs consist of proinflammatory F4/80(+) CD11c(+) CD11c(+) macrophages and anti-inflammatory F4/80(+) CD11c(-) macrophages. In this study, we assessed the effects of HFCS on ATMs in intra-abdominal fat. RESULTS: We found that HFCS feeding in mice induced more severe adipose inflammation and insulin resistance than even the higher-calorie-containing 'Western' high-fat diet, and these HFCS-induced deleterious effects were independent of calorie intake or body fat content. We showed that similar to 'Western' high-fat diet, HFCS triggered a robust increase of both proinflammatory ATMs and anti-inflammatory ATMs in intra-abdominal fat. Remarkably, however, the anti-inflammatory ATMs were much less abundant in HFCS-fed mice than in high-fat-fed mice. Furthermore, we showed that deletion of the ghrelin receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHS-R) ameliorates HFCS-induced adipose inflammation and insulin resistance. HFCS-fed GHS-R-null mice exhibit decreased proinflammatory ATMs in intra-abdominal fat, reduced adipose inflammation and attenuated liver steatosis. CONCLUSION: Our studies demonstrate that HFCS has detrimental effects on metabolism, suggesting that dietary guidelines on HFCS consumption for Americans may need to be revisited. GHS-R deletion mitigates the effects of HFCS on adipose inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting that GHS-R antagonists may represent a novel therapy for insulin resistance. C1 [Ma, X.; Qin, G.] Zhengzhou Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Internal Med, Div Endocrinol, Zhengzhou 450052, Peoples R China. [Ma, X.; Lin, L.; Yue, J.; Pradhan, G.; Smith, C. W.; Sun, Y.] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lin, L.] Univ Macau, Inst Chinese Med Sci, State Key Lab Qual Res Chinese Med, Macao, Macao, Peoples R China. [Yue, J.] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Tongji Hosp, Dept Reprod Med, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Minze, L. J.] Methodist Hosp, Res Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wu, H.; Sheikh-Hamad, D.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sun, Y.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Huffington Ctr Aging, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Sun, Y (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates Ave,Room 5024, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM yuxiangs@bcm.edu FU USDA ARS; American Heart Association (AHA) [12IRG9230004]; NIH-Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine [P30DK079638]; NIH/NIDDK [R01DK080306]; Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center at Vanderbilt University [DK59637]; Animal Physiology Core at The Methodist Hospital Research Institute; USDA/ARS [58-6250-0-008]; [1R03AG029641-0] FX Measurements of body composition, energy balance and food intake were performed in the Mouse Metabolic Research Unit at the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center (CNRC), Baylor College of Medicine, which is supported by funds from the USDA ARS (http://www.bcm.edu/cnrc/mmru/). We acknowledge the expert assistance of Mr Firoz Vohra and the MMRU Core Director, Dr Marta Fiorotto. We also thank Drs Morey W Haymond, Douglas Burrin and Alli M Antar at CNRC of Baylor College of Medicine for their insightful input into this project, and Mr Michael R Honig at Houston's Community Public Radio Station KPFT for his editorial assistance. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and has been funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-0-008 (YS). This work was also supported by: 1R03AG029641-0 (YS), American Heart Association (AHA) innovative grant 12IRG9230004 (YS), the NIH-Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center grant at Baylor College of Medicine P30DK079638 (YS), NIH/NIDDK grant R01DK080306 (DSH), Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center at Vanderbilt University (DK59637) and Animal Physiology Core at The Methodist Hospital Research Institute (directed by Dr Willa A Hsueh). NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2044-4052 J9 NUTR DIABETES JI Nutr. Diabetes PD DEC PY 2013 VL 3 AR e99 DI 10.1038/nutd.2013.41 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 295OZ UT WOS:000330126700003 PM 24366371 ER PT J AU Chaires-Grijalva, MP Estrada-Venegas, EG Equihua-Martinez, A Moser, JC Sanchez-Martinez, G Vazquez-Rojas, IM Otero-Colinal, G Romero-Napoles, J AF Patricia Chaires-Grijalva, M. Estrada-Venegas, Edith G. Equihua-Martinez, Armando Moser, John C. Sanchez-Martinez, Guillermo Vazquez-Rojas, Ignacio M. Otero-Colinal, Gabriel Romero-Napoles, Jesus TI Mesostigmatid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated to Dendroctonus rhizophagus from Chihuahua, Mexico SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE BIODIVERSIDAD LA Spanish DT Article DE Scolytinae; mites; predatory; phoresy; Pinus arizonica ID COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE SCOLYTINAE; LIFE-CYCLE; DIGAMASELLIDAE; BERLESE AB We report 7 species of mesostigmatid mites associated to Dendroctonus rhizophagus. Samples were taken in the state of Chihuahua (June and July 2008-2011). The roots of Pinus arizonica were observed under the microscope to obtain mites associated to D. rhizophagus and their galleries. Collection from Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) and Institut Politecnico Nacional (IPN) were reviewed. Dendrolaelaps neocornutus, Macrocheles boudreauxi, Proctolaelaps hystrix, P. subcorticalis, Trichouropoda ovalis, T. polytricha, Trichouropoda sp. 2, Lasioseius imitans, and Androlaelaps casalis were found in galleries and on the insect's body, located mainly on gular zone and ventral sternites. The species found in the galleries can find a wide availability of food resources with constant temperature and above all protection from other predators. With this study the number of species associated to D. rhizophagus is increased for the state of Chihuahua, and the general distribution of these mites in Mexico is expanded. C1 [Patricia Chaires-Grijalva, M.; Estrada-Venegas, Edith G.; Equihua-Martinez, Armando; Otero-Colinal, Gabriel; Romero-Napoles, Jesus] Colegio Postgrad, Programa Entomol & Acarol, Montecillo 56230, Estado De Mexic, Mexico. [Moser, John C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Sanchez-Martinez, Guillermo] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales, Pabellon De Arteaga 20660, Aguascalientes, Mexico. [Vazquez-Rojas, Ignacio M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol Comparada, Lab Acarol Anita Hoffinann, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Chaires-Grijalva, MP (reprint author), Colegio Postgrad, Programa Entomol & Acarol, Km 36-5 Carretera Mexico Texcoco, Montecillo 56230, Estado De Mexic, Mexico. EM chaires@colpos.mx NR 37 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU INST BIOLOGIA, UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO PI MEXICO PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-233, MEXICO, D F 00000, MEXICO SN 1870-3453 J9 REV MEX BIODIVERS JI Rev. Mex. Biodivers. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 84 IS 4 BP 1235 EP 1242 DI 10.7550/rmb.35723 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 296CG UT WOS:000330162100018 ER PT J AU Newell, MA Cook, D Hofmann, H Jannink, JL AF Newell, Mark A. Cook, Dianne Hofmann, Heike Jannink, Jean-Luc TI AN ALGORITHM FOR DECIDING THE NUMBER OF CLUSTERS AND VALIDATION USING SIMULATED DATA WITH APPLICATION TO EXPLORING CROP POPULATION STRUCTURE SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Cluster analysis; high dimensional; low sample size; simulation; genetic marker data; visualization; bootstrap; dimension reduction ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; HIGH-DIMENSION; GEOMETRIC REPRESENTATION; DART MARKERS; ASSOCIATION; GENOME AB A first step in exploring population structure in crop plants and other organisms is to define the number of subpopulations that exist for a given data set. The genetic marker data sets being generated have become increasingly large over time and commonly are of the high-dimension, low sample size (HDLSS) situation. An algorithm for deciding the number of clusters is proposed, and is validated on simulated data sets varying in both the level of structure and the number of clusters covering the range of variation observed empirically. The algorithm was then tested on six empirical data sets across three small grain species. The algorithm uses bootstrapping, three methods of clustering, and defines the optimum number of clusters based on a common criterion, the Hubert's gamma statistic. Validation on simulated sets coupled with testing on empirical sets suggests that the algorithm can be used for a wide variety of genetic data sets. C1 [Newell, Mark A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Cook, Dianne; Hofmann, Heike] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Newell, MA (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. EM manewell@noble.org; dicook@iastate.edu; hofmann@iastate.edu; jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA [2008-55301-18746]; NSF [DMS-07-06949] FX Supported by USDA-NIFA Grant 2008-55301-18746.; Supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-07-06949. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 1932-6157 J9 ANN APPL STAT JI Ann. Appl. Stat. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 1898 EP 1916 DI 10.1214/13-AOAS671 PG 19 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 294KP UT WOS:000330044900010 ER PT J AU Varshney, RK Mohan, SM Gaur, PM Gangarao, NVPR Pandey, MK Bohra, A Sawargaonkar, SL Chitikineni, A Kimurto, PK Janila, P Saxena, KB Fikre, A Sharma, M Rathore, A Pratap, A Tripathi, S Datta, S Chaturvedi, SK Mallikarjuna, N Anuradha, G Babbar, A Choudhary, AK Mhase, MB Bharadwaj, C Mannur, DM Harer, PN Guo, BZ Liang, XQ Nadarajan, N Gowda, CLL AF Varshney, Rajeev K. Mohan, S. Murali Gaur, Pooran M. Gangarao, N. V. P. R. Pandey, Manish K. Bohra, Abhishek Sawargaonkar, Shrikant L. Chitikineni, Annapurna Kimurto, Paul K. Janila, Pasupuleti Saxena, K. B. Fikre, Asnake Sharma, Mamta Rathore, Abhishek Pratap, Aditya Tripathi, Shailesh Datta, Subhojit Chaturvedi, S. K. Mallikarjuna, Nalini Anuradha, G. Babbar, Anita Choudhary, Arbind K. Mhase, M. B. Bharadwaj, Ch. Mannur, D. M. Harer, P. N. Guo, Baozhu Liang, Xuanqiang Nadarajan, N. Gowda, C. L. L. TI Achievements and prospects of genomics-assisted breeding in three legume crops of the semi-arid tropics SO BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES LA English DT Review DE Transcriptome; Molecular markers; Genetic maps; Genomic selection; Molecular breeding ID CICER-ARIETINUM L.; PIGEONPEA CAJANUS-CAJAN; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; DIVERSITY ARRAYS TECHNOLOGY; ASCOCHYTA BLIGHT RESISTANCE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BACKCROSS QTL ANALYSIS; CULTIVATED PEANUT; FUSARIUM-WILT AB Advances in next-generation sequencing and genotyping technologies have enabled generation of large-scale genomic resources such as molecular markers, transcript reads and BAC-end sequences (BESs) in chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut, three major legume crops of the semi-arid tropics. Comprehensive transcriptome assemblies and genome sequences have either been developed or underway in these crops. Based on these resources, dense genetic maps, QTL maps as well as physical maps for these legume species have also been developed. As a result, these crops have graduated from 'orphan' or 'less-studied' crops to 'genomic resources rich' crops. This article summarizes the above-mentioned advances in genomics and genomics-assisted breeding applications in the form of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for hybrid purity assessment in pigeonpea; marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) for introgressing QTL region for drought-tolerance related traits, Fusarium wilt (FW) resistance and Ascochyta blight (AB) resistance in chickpea; late leaf spot (LLS), leaf rust and nematode resistance in groundnut. We critically present the case of use of other modern breeding approaches like marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) and genomic selection (GS) to utilize the full potential of genomics-assisted breeding for developing superior cultivars with enhanced tolerance to various environmental stresses. In addition, this article recommends the use of advanced-backcross (AB-backcross) breeding and development of specialized populations such as multi-parents advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) for creating new variations that will help in developing superior lines with broadened genetic base. In summary, we propose the use of integrated genomics and breeding approach in these legume crops to enhance crop productivity in marginal environments ensuring food security in developing countries. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Varshney, Rajeev K.; Mohan, S. Murali; Gaur, Pooran M.; Pandey, Manish K.; Sawargaonkar, Shrikant L.; Chitikineni, Annapurna; Janila, Pasupuleti; Saxena, K. B.; Sharma, Mamta; Rathore, Abhishek; Mallikarjuna, Nalini; Gowda, C. L. L.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Hyderabad 502324, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Varshney, Rajeev K.] CIMMYT, CGIAR Generat Challenge Programme GCP, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Varshney, Rajeev K.] Univ Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Varshney, Rajeev K.; Liang, Xuanqiang] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Crops Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Gangarao, N. V. P. R.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Nairobi 39063, Kenya. [Pandey, Manish K.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Bohra, Abhishek; Pratap, Aditya; Datta, Subhojit; Chaturvedi, S. K.; Nadarajan, N.] Indian Inst Pulses Res, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Kimurto, Paul K.] Egerton Univ, Egerton 53620115, Kenya. [Fikre, Asnake] Ethiopian Agr Res Org, Debre Zeit Agr Res Ctr, Debre Zeit 32, Ethiopia. [Tripathi, Shailesh; Bharadwaj, Ch.] Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Genet, New Delhi 110012, India. [Anuradha, G.] Acharya NG Ranga Agr Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Hyderabad 500030, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Babbar, Anita] Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482004, India. [Choudhary, Arbind K.] Indian Inst Pulses Res, Off Season Res Stn, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka, India. [Mhase, M. B.] Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri 413722, India. [Mannur, D. M.] Univ Agr Sci UAS Raichur, Agr Res Stn, Gulbarga 585101, India. RP Varshney, RK (reprint author), Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Hyderabad 502324, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM varshney.raj@gmail.com RI Varshney, Rajeev/C-5295-2014; Abhishek, Rathore/C-5828-2014 OI Varshney, Rajeev/0000-0002-4562-9131; FU CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme (Theme Leader Discretionary Grant); Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Tropical Legumes I II); Department of Biotechnology (Centre of Excellence project); Department of Biotechnology (Accelerated Crop Improvement project); Ministry of Science & Technology (Indo-German Science & Technology Cooperation project); Ministry of Science & Technology (Australia-India Science & Research Foundation project); Ministry of Agriculture (National Fund, Indian Council of Agricultural Research) of Government of India FX The work presented in this article is a contribution from several research projects sponsored by CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme (Theme Leader Discretionary Grant), The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Tropical Legumes I & II), the Department of Biotechnology (Centre of Excellence and Accelerated Crop Improvement projects), the Ministry of Science & Technology (Indo-German Science & Technology Cooperation and Australia-India Science & Research Foundation projects) and the Ministry of Agriculture (National Fund, Indian Council of Agricultural Research) of Government of India. Thanks are also due to several colleagues at ICRISAT and partners in collaborating centers engaged in genomics and molecular breeding research in SAT legumes. NR 133 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 7 U2 50 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-9750 EI 1873-1899 J9 BIOTECHNOL ADV JI Biotechnol. Adv. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 31 IS 8 BP 1120 EP 1134 DI 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.01.001 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 281DW UT WOS:000329081200002 PM 23313999 ER PT J AU James, RR Pitts-Singer, TL AF James, R. R. Pitts-Singer, T. L. TI Health Status of Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee Larvae (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in United States Alfalfa Seed Fields SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alfalfa leafcutting bee; alfalfa; bee health; disease; predation ID ROTUNDATA HYMENOPTERA; SOLITARY BEE; SEX-RATIO; POLLINATION; EMERGENCE; AVAILABILITY; POPULATION; SUCCESS; IMPACT; LOAD AB We conducted a broad geographic survey in the northwestern United States to quantify production losses in the alfalfa leafcutting bee (Megachile rotundata (F.), Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), a solitary pollinator used extensively in alfalfa seed production. Viable larvae were found in only 47.1% of the nest cells collected at the end of the season. Most of the rest of the cells contained pollen balls (typified by a provision but no larva; 16.7%), unknown causes of mortality (15.5%), or larvae killed by chalkbrood (8.0%). Prevalence of pollen balls was correlated positively with bee release rates and negatively with alfalfa stand age. The unknown mortality was correlated with the U. S. Department of Agriculture-Plant Hardiness Zone, and thus, some of the mortality may be caused by high temperature extremes, although the nesting season degree-days were not correlated with this mortality. Chalk-brood prevalence was correlated with possible nesting-resource or crowding-related factors, such as the number of bees released per hectare and the number of shelters used, but not with nesting board disinfection practices. Vapona is used to control parasitoids when the parent bees are incubated before release, and use of this fumigant was associated with an increase in both chalkbrood and diapausing offspring, although any reason for these correlations are unknown. This survey quantifies the variation in the quality of alfalfa leafcutting bee cocoons produced across much of the U. S. alfalfa seed production area. C1 [James, R. R.; Pitts-Singer, T. L.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP James, RR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, UMC 5310, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM rosalind.james@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1166 EP 1173 DI 10.1603/EN13041 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293QY UT WOS:000329990000005 PM 24128927 ER PT J AU Duan, JJ Larson, K Watt, T Gould, J Lelito, JP AF Duan, Jian J. Larson, Kristi Watt, Tim Gould, Juli Lelito, Jonathan P. TI Effects of Host Plant and Larval Density on Intraspecific Competition in Larvae of the Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; larval density; competition; fitness; density dependence ID TETRASTICHUS-PLANIPENNISI HYMENOPTERA; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; BIOTIC FACTORS; EULOPHIDAE; CHINA; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE; RESOURCE; BIOLOGY; SIZE AB Competition for food, mates, and space among different individuals of the same insect species can affect density-dependent regulation of insect abundance or population dynamics. The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a serious invasive pest of North American ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees, with its larvae feeding in serpentine galleries between the interface of sapwood and phloem tissues of ash trees. Using artificial infestation of freshly cut logs of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall) and tropical ash (Fraxinus uhdei [Wenzig] Lingelsh) with a series of egg densities, we evaluated the mechanism and outcome of intraspecific competition in larvae of A. planipennis in relation to larval density and host plant species. Results from our study showed that as the egg densities on each log (1.5-6.5 cm in diameter and 22-25 cm in length) increased from 200 to 1,600 eggs per square meter of surface area, larval survivorship declined from approximate to 68 to 10% for the green ash logs, and 86 to 55% for tropical ash logs. Accordingly, larval mortality resulting from cannibalism, starvation, or both, significantly increased as egg density increased, and the biomass of surviving larvae significantly decreased on both ash species. When larval density was adjusted to the same level, however, larval mortality from intraspecific competition was significantly higher and mean biomasses of surviving larvae was significantly lower in green ash than in tropical ash. The role of intraspecific competition of A. planipennis larvae in density-dependent regulation of its natural population dynamics is discussed. C1 [Duan, Jian J.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Larson, Kristi; Watt, Tim] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Gould, Juli] USDA, PPQ CPHST, APHIS, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ Emerald Ash Borer Biocontrol Lab, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Duan, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, 501 S Chapel St, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM jian.duan@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 25 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1193 EP 1200 DI 10.1603/EN13209 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293QY UT WOS:000329990000008 PM 24280666 ER PT J AU Olatinwo, R Allison, J Meeker, J Johnson, W Streett, D Aime, MC Carlton, C AF Olatinwo, Rabiu Allison, Jeremy Meeker, James Johnson, Wood Streett, Douglas Aime, M. Catherine Carlton, Christopher TI Detection and Identification of Amylostereum areolatum (Russulales: Amylostereaceae) in the Mycangia of Sirex nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Central Louisiana SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amylostereum; invasive species; Sirex; symbiont ID DELADENUS-SIRICIDICOLA; NOCTILIO HYMENOPTERA; GENUS AMYLOSTEREUM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FUNGAL SYMBIONT; EASTERN CANADA; RIBOSOMAL DNA; WOODWASPS; ASSOCIATION; SEQUENCE AB The woodwasp Sirex noctilio F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) has become established in North America. A primary tactic for the management of S. noctilio in the southern hemisphere has been the development of a biological control agent, Deladenus siricidicola Bedding. This nematode has a bicyclic life cycle including a mycetophagous free-living and parasitic cycle. During oviposition, female Sirex woodwasps inject a symbiotic fungus. Because D. siricidicola only develops well on Amylostereum areolatum (Chaillet ex Fries) Boidin (Russulales: Amylostereaceae) and North American woodwasps were thought to all have Amylostereum chailletii (Persoon) Boidin as their fungal symbiont, the risk of unintended impacts from D. siricidicola in North America was considered low. Specific polymerase chain reaction primers were designed to amplify the intergenic spacer region of Amylostereum symbionts in a population of the native woodwasp Sirex nigricornis F. located in central Louisiana (i.e., well outside the known distribution of S. noctilio); identity of the symbiont was confirmed by phylogenetic analyses. Overall, 95 out of 100 fungal isolates obtained from the mycangia of S. nigricornis were identified as Amylostereum species. Contrary to expectations, 60% were identified as A. chailletii (N = 60), while 35% were identified as A. areolatum (N = 35). The remaining 5% of these isolates (N = 5) were identified as Bipolaris papendorfii (Aa) Alcorn, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl, Penicillium marneffei Segretain, Scytalidium cuboideum (Sacc. & Ellis) Sigler & Kang, and Hyphopichia heimii (Pignal) Kurtzman based on sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The five non-Amylostereum isolates were likely contaminants during mycangia-spore extraction process. This study confirms the presence of A. areolatum in a population of the native woodwasp S. nigricornis well outside the known distribution of S. noctilio. C1 [Olatinwo, Rabiu; Carlton, Christopher] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Allison, Jeremy] Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Nat Resources Canada, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Meeker, James; Johnson, Wood; Streett, Douglas] Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Aime, M. Catherine] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Olatinwo, R (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, 404 Life Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM rolatinwo@lsu.edu FU USDA, Forest Service, Southern Research Station [11-DG-11330129-021] FX We greatly appreciate the funding support for this research provided by the USDA, Forest Service, Southern Research Station (11-DG-11330129-021). NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1246 EP 1256 DI 10.1603/EN13103 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293QY UT WOS:000329990000014 PM 24468555 ER PT J AU Hakeem, A Grant, JF Wiggins, GJ Lambdin, PL Hale, FA Buckley, DS Rhea, JR Parkman, JP Taylor, G AF Hakeem, A. Grant, J. F. Wiggins, G. J. Lambdin, P. L. Hale, F. A. Buckley, D. S. Rhea, J. R. Parkman, J. P. Taylor, G. TI Factors Affecting Establishment and Recovery of Sasajiscymnus tsugae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), an Introduced Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) on Eastern Hemlock (Pinales: Pinaceae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sasajiscymnus tsugae; Adelges tsugae; temperature; establishment; biological control ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; LARICOBIUS-NIGRINUS; UNITED-STATES; HOMOPTERA; FORESTS; CONSEQUENCES; INVASION; DYNAMICS; CYCLE AB To reduce populations of hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), > 500,000 Sasajiscymnus tsugae (Sasaji and McClure) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) have been released in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park since 2002. To determine factors affecting establishment and recovery of these predatory beetles, 65 single release sites were sampled using beat sheets from 2008 to 2012. Several abiotic and biotic factors were evaluated for their association with establishment and recovery of S. tsugae. Information on predatory beetle releases (location, year of release, number released, and season of release), topographic features (elevation, slope, Beers transformed aspect, and topographic relative moisture index), and temperature data (minimum and maximum temperatures 1 d after release and average minimum and maximum temperatures 7 d after release) were obtained from Great Smoky Mountains National Park personnel. These factors were evaluated using stepwise logistic regression and Pearson correlation. S. tsugae was recovered from 13 sites 2 to 10 yr after release, and the greatest number was recovered from 2002 release sites. Regression indicated establishment and recovery was negatively associated with year of release and positively associated with the average maximum temperature 7 d after release and elevation (generally, recovery increased as temperatures increased). Several significant correlations were found between presence and number of S. tsugae and year of release, season of release, and temperature variables. These results indicate that releases of S. tsugae should be made in warmer (approximate to 10-25 degrees C) temperatures and monitored for at least 5 yr after releases to enhance establishment and recovery efforts. C1 [Hakeem, A.; Grant, J. F.; Wiggins, G. J.; Lambdin, P. L.; Parkman, J. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hakeem, A.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Hale, F. A.] Univ Tennessee, Ellington Plant Sci Ctr, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Nashville, TN 37211 USA. [Buckley, D. S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rhea, J. R.] USDA Forest Serv, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Hakeem, A (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 370 Plant Biotechnol Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ahakeem@utk.edu FU Cooperative Agreements with the USDA Forest Service, Southern Region, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service ( USDADAPHIS) [10-8247-0723- CA] FX We thank Kristine Johnson, Thomas Colson, Jesse Webster, and Jim Renfro from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park for assistance with locating predator release sites, coordinating sampling, and acquiring data for analysis for this project. We thank Ann Reed for statistical guidance and assistance. We also thank Renee Follum, Josh Grant, Monica MacCarroll, Jared Oakes, David Paulsen, and Coleman Timberlake (University of Tennessee) for assisting with data collection. This project was funded in part by Cooperative Agreements with the USDA Forest Service, Southern Region, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service ( USDADAPHIS; agreement 10-8247-0723- CA), and state and Federal appropriations. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1272 EP 1280 DI 10.1603/EN13017 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293QY UT WOS:000329990000017 PM 24468557 ER PT J AU Rijal, JP Zhang, A Bergh, JC AF Rijal, J. P. Zhang, A. Bergh, J. C. TI Behavioral Response of Grape Root Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Neonates to Grape Root Volatiles SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vitacea polistiformis; Vitis; below-ground herbivory ID OBSCURUS MARSHAM COLEOPTERA; SITONA-LEPIDUS COLEOPTERA; FEEDING CLOVER WEEVIL; HOST-PLANT LOCATION; CARROT FLY LARVAE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PSILA-ROSAE; INSECT HERBIVORES; CORN; CHRYSOMELIDAE AB Grape root borer, Vitacea polistiformis (Harris), is an oligophagous and potentially destructive pest of grape in commercial vineyards throughout much of the eastern United States. Larvae feed on vine roots, although little is known about their below-ground interactions with host plants. The behavioral response of groups of grape root borer neonates to stimuli from host and nonhost roots was evaluated in single and paired stimuli bioassays in which stimuli were presented in opposing wells attached to the bottom of petri dish arenas. Stimulus sources included root pieces and root headspace volatiles from 3309 and 420-A grape rootstocks (host) and apple (nonhost) and ethanol-based extracts of 3309 and 420-A roots. In single stimulus assays, significantly more larvae were recovered from wells containing grape roots, apple roots, grape extracts, and grape root volatiles than from control wells, but there was no significant response to volatiles collected from the headspace of apple roots. In paired stimuli assays, significantly more larvae were recovered from wells containing grape than apple roots. There was no difference in larval distribution between wells when 420-A and 3309 roots were presented simultaneously, although a significantly greater response to 3309 than 420-A root extract was recorded. When soil was added to the assays, significantly more larvae were recovered from wells containing grape roots than from those containing only soil, but this response was not detected in assays using buried apple roots. These results are discussed in relation to the plant-insect interactions between grape root borer larvae and their Vitaceae hosts. C1 [Rijal, J. P.; Bergh, J. C.] Virginia Tech, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. [Zhang, A.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rijal, JP (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, 595 Laurel Grove Rd, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. EM jrijal@vt.edu FU Virginia Wine Board FX This research was funded in part by the Virginia Wine Board. We thank S. Abubeker for technical help with headspace volatile collections. NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1338 EP 1347 DI 10.1603/EN13088 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293QY UT WOS:000329990000024 PM 24216488 ER PT J AU Lee, JC Shearer, PW Barrantes, LD Beers, EH Burrack, HJ Dalton, DT Dreves, AJ Gut, LJ Hamby, KA Haviland, DR Isaacs, R Nielsen, AL Richardson, T Rodriguez-Saona, CR Stanley, CA Walsh, DB Walton, VM Yee, WL Zalom, FG Bruck, DJ AF Lee, Jana C. Shearer, Peter W. Barrantes, Luz D. Beers, Elizabeth H. Burrack, Hannah J. Dalton, Daniel T. Dreves, Amy J. Gut, Larry J. Hamby, Kelly A. Haviland, David R. Isaacs, Rufus Nielsen, Anne L. Richardson, Tamara Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar R. Stanley, Cory A. Walsh, Doug B. Walton, Vaughn M. Yee, Wee L. Zalom, Frank G. Bruck, Denny J. TI Trap Designs for Monitoring Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE color; monitoring; spotted wing drosophila; trap design; vinegar fly ID RHAGOLETIS-INDIFFERENS DIPTERA; SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA; UNITED-STATES; RED SPHERES; TEPHRITIDAE; ATTRACTION; RECTANGLES; IDENTIFICATION; COLOR AB Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), an invasive pest of small and stone fruits, has been recently detected in 39 states of the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Europe. This pest attacks ripening fruit, causing economic losses including increased management costs and crop rejection. Ongoing research aims to improve the efficacy of monitoring traps. Studies were conducted to evaluate howphysical trap features affect captures of D. suzukii. We evaluated five colors, two bait surface areas, and a top and side position for the fly entry point. Studies were conducted at 16 sites spanning seven states and provinces of North America and nine crop types. Apple cider vinegar was the standard bait in all trap types. In the overall analysis, yellow-colored traps caught significantly more flies than clear, white, and black traps; and red traps caught more than clear traps. Results by color may be influenced by crop type. Overall, the trap with a greater bait surface area caught slightly more D. suzukii than the trap with smaller area (90 vs. 40 cm(2)). Overall, the two traps with a side-mesh entry, with or without a protective rain tent, caught more D. suzukii than the trap with a top-mesh entry and tent. C1 [Lee, Jana C.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Shearer, Peter W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Mid Columbia Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Hood River, OR 97031 USA. [Barrantes, Luz D.; Walsh, Doug B.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Beers, Elizabeth H.] Washington State Univ, Tree Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Burrack, Hannah J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Dalton, Daniel T.; Walton, Vaughn M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dreves, Amy J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gut, Larry J.; Isaacs, Rufus] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hamby, Kelly A.; Zalom, Frank G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Haviland, David R.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Bakersfield, CA USA. [Nielsen, Anne L.] Rutgers Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, Bridgeton, NJ 08302 USA. [Richardson, Tamara] Univ No British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2Z 4N9, Canada. [Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, Philip E Marucci Blueberry & Cranberry Res Ctr, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Stanley, Cory A.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Yee, Wee L.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Bruck, Denny J.] DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. RP Lee, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM jana.lee@ars.usda.gov FU MBG Marketing; Michigan Department Agriculture and Rural Development Specialty Crop Block Grant; North Carolina Department Agriculture and Consumer Services Specialty Crop Block Grant; Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; Utah State University Extension Internship Program; USDA CRIS [5358-22000-032-00D]; USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [201051181-21167] FX We thank Adam Cave, Richard Little, and Jesse Mindolovich for constructing traps; Peter Chapman for analyzing the L*a*b* values; and Bruce Mackey for statistical assistance. We thank Molly Albrecht, Amy Blood, Bridget Blood, Preston Brown, Peter Cajamarca, Steve Castagnoli, Jamie Christensen, Kelly Donahue, Christina Fieland, Mike Haas, Danielle Hicks, Robert Holdcraft, Karissa Johnson, Amanda Lake, Merril Longmore, Laura Machial, Charlene Marek, Jesse Mindolovich, Amanda Ohrn, Stephanie Rill, Ann Rucker, Erfan Vafaie, Steve Van Timmeren, Jeff Wong, and Sarah Wong for field assistance and fly counting. This project was funded by MBG Marketing, Michigan Department Agriculture and Rural Development Specialty Crop Block Grant, North Carolina Department Agriculture and Consumer Services Specialty Crop Block Grant, Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, Utah State University Extension Internship Program, USDA CRIS 5358-22000-032-00D, and the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative Grant 201051181-21167. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 60 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1348 EP 1355 DI 10.1603/EN13148 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 293QY UT WOS:000329990000025 PM 24252375 ER PT J AU Carbone, JW Margolis, LM McClung, JP Cao, JJ Murphy, NE Sauter, ER Combs, GF Young, AJ Pasiakos, SM AF Carbone, John W. Margolis, Lee M. McClung, James P. Cao, Jay J. Murphy, Nancy E. Sauter, Edward R. Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Young, Andrew J. Pasiakos, Stefan M. TI Effects of energy deficit, dietary protein, and feeding on intracellular regulators of skeletal muscle proteolysis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ubiquitin proteasome; caspase-3; negative energy balance; high-protein diets ID GASTRIC-CANCER PATIENTS; FAT-FREE MASS; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; CATABOLIC CONDITIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; WEIGHT-LOSS; PROTEASOME; RESPONSES; PATHWAY; SUPPLEMENTATION AB This study was undertaken to characterize the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) response to varied dietary protein intake, energy deficit (ED), and consumption of a mixed meal. A randomized, controlled trial of 39 adults consuming protein at 0.8 (recommended dietary allowance [RDA]), 1.6 (2x-RDA), or 2.4 (3x-RDA) g.kg(-1).d(-1) for 31 d. A 10-d weight maintenance (WM) period was followed by 21 d of 40% ED. Ubiquitin (Ub)-mediated proteolysis and associated gene expression were assessed in the postabsorptive (fasted) and postprandial (fed; 480 kcal, 20 g protein) states after WM and ED by using muscle biopsies, fluorescence-based assays, immunoblot analysis, and real-time qRT-PCR. In the assessment of UPS responses to varied protein intakes, ED, and feeding, the RDA, WM, and fasted measures served as appropriate controls. ED resulted in the up-regulation of UPS-associated gene expression, as mRNA expression of the atrogenes muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF1) and atrogin-1 were 1.2- and 1.3-fold higher (P<0.05) for ED than for WM. However, mixed-meal consumption attenuated UPS-mediated proteolysis, independent of energy status or dietary protein, as the activities of the 26S proteasome subunits beta 1, beta 2, and beta 5 were lower (P<0.05) for fed than for fasted. Muscle protein ubiquitylation was also 45% lower (P<0.05) for fed than for fasted, regardless of dietary protein and energy manipulations. Independent of habitual protein intake and despite increased MuRF1 and atrogin-1 mRNA expression during ED, consuming a protein-containing mixed meal attenuates Ub-mediated proteolysis. C1 [Carbone, John W.] Eastern Michigan Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. [Margolis, Lee M.; McClung, James P.; Murphy, Nancy E.; Young, Andrew J.; Pasiakos, Stefan M.] US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Cao, Jay J.; Sauter, Edward R.; Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Sauter, Edward R.] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Pasiakos, SM (reprint author), US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, 15 Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM stefan.pasiakos@us.army.mil RI McClung, James/A-1989-2009; Pasiakos, Stefan/E-6295-2014; OI Pasiakos, Stefan/0000-0002-5378-5820; , Lee/0000-0002-0652-1304 FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command (USAMRMC); USDA, Agricultural Research Service (ARS); Eastern Michigan University College of Health and Human Services; Dairy Research Institute; USDA; USAMRMC; USDA, ARS [58-1950-7-707] FX The authors thank the volunteers who participated in this research experiment and LuAnn Johnson [U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, SD, USA] for significant contributions to the data analysis. The study was supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command (USAMRMC); the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (ARS); and the Eastern Michigan University College of Health and Human Services. S. M. P. reported that his institution received a grant from the Dairy Research Institute for work outside this publication. E. R. S. reported that his institution received a grant and travel support from the USDA for work associated with this publication. E. R. S. is a consultant for Halo Health, has received royalties for book editorship, and has been granted a patent. J.P.M. reported that his institution received a grant from the USAMRMC for work outside this publication. The other authors report no conflicts of interest. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the U. S. Army or the U. S. Department of Defense. Any citations of commercial organizations and trade names in this report do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement of approval of the products or services of these organizations. This material is based on work supported by the USDA, ARS, under agreement 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov) as number NCT01292395. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 14 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 27 IS 12 BP 5104 EP 5111 DI 10.1096/fj.13-239228 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 293UK UT WOS:000329999000042 PM 23965841 ER PT J AU von Kohn, C Kielkowska, A Havey, MJ AF von Kohn, Christopher Kielkowska, Agnieszka Havey, Michael J. TI Sequencing and annotation of the chloroplast DNAs and identification of polymorphisms distinguishing normal male-fertile and male-sterile cytoplasms of onion SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Allium cepa; cytoplasmic male sterility; molecular markers ID ALLIUM-CEPA L.; OPEN-POLLINATED POPULATIONS; GENOME; MARKERS AB Male-sterile (S) cytoplasm of onion is an alien cytoplasm introgressed into onion in antiquity and is widely used for hybrid seed production. Owing to the biennial generation time of onion, classical crossing takes at least 4 years to classify cytoplasms as S or normal (N) male-fertile. Molecular markers in the organellar DNAs that distinguish N and S cytoplasms are useful to reduce the time required to classify onion cytoplasms. In this research, we completed next-generation sequencing of the chloroplast DNAs of N- and S-cytoplasmic onions; we assembled and annotated the genomes in addition to identifying polymorphisms that distinguish these cytoplasms. The sizes (153 538 and 153 355 base pairs) and GC contents (36.8%) were very similar for the chloroplast DNAs of N and S cytoplasms, respectively, as expected given their close phylogenetic relationship. The size difference was primarily due to small indels in intergenic regions and a deletion in the accD gene of N-cytoplasmic onion. The structures of the onion chloroplast DNAs were similar to those of most land plants with large and small single copy regions separated by inverted repeats. Twenty-eight single nucleotide polymorphisms, two polymorphic restriction-enzyme sites, and one indel distributed across 20 chloroplast genes in the large and small single copy regions were selected and validated using diverse onion populations previously classified as N or S cytoplasmic using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Although cytoplasmic male sterility is likely associated with the mitochondrial DNA, maternal transmission of the mitochondrial and chloroplast DNAs allows for polymorphisms in either genome to be useful for classifying onion cytoplasms to aid the development of hybrid onion cultivars. C1 [von Kohn, Christopher; Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kielkowska, Agnieszka] Agr Univ Krakow, Dept Genet Plant Breeding & Seed Sci, PL-31425 Krakow, Poland. [Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, ARS, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, ARS, USDA, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu FU USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2008-51180-04875] FX Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. We gratefully acknowledge the support of grant 2008-51180-04875 from the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative and SNP genotyping by Ag-Biotech, San Juan Bautista, California. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD DEC PY 2013 VL 56 IS 12 BP 737 EP 742 DI 10.1139/gen-2013-0182 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 292QJ UT WOS:000329916900004 PM 24433209 ER PT J AU Cole, M Eggleston, G Gilbert, A Rose, I Andrzejewski, B St Cyr, E Stewart, D AF Cole, Marsha Eggleston, Gillian Gilbert, Audrey Rose, Ingrid Andrzejewski, Brett St Cyr, Eldwin Stewart, David TI The presence and implication of soluble, swollen, and insoluble starch at the sugarcane factory and refinery SO INTERNATIONAL SUGAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sugarcane; starch partition coefficient; sugarcane; insoluble starch; soluble starch; starch hydrolyzing enzymes ID ALPHA-AMYLASE APPLICATION; MANUFACTURE; OPTIMIZATION AB Starch impurity concentrations in sugarcane are country dependent and in recent years there has been a general world-wide increase. This has occurred mostly because of one or a combination of the following: (i) increased mechanical processing of unburnt (green) sugarcane; (ii) varying environmental conditions; and (iii) the introduction of new sugarcane varieties with higher starch content. Approximately 18% starch was found to partition into an A-raw sugar and 82% into an A-molasses. By developing a new method to accurately remove the surface molasses layer from raw sugar crystals we were able to calculate that the true starch partition coefficient is approximately 7%. Thus, most starch occurs in the molasses around the crystal and not inside the crystal. Special attention needs to be applied to the centrifugation process in the factory and refinery to minimize the starch in sugars. Despite the increases in starch concentrations delivered to sugarcane factories, the retention times across factories have not changed. As a result, considerable insoluble (granular) starch has been observed using both microscopic and chemical techniques, in syrups and in some raw sugars, particularly those with high soluble starch content. Approximately 2.7 ppm/Brix starch was solubilized per min using syrup pan boiling. This warrants further investigations on the effect of raw sugars on the filtration system associated with carbonatation refineries to determine if it is soluble starch, insoluble starch granules, or both that are detrimental to the filtering process. Current iodometric starch methods in the sugar industry mostly measure soluble starch and do not take into account all the insoluble starch present. As the insoluble starch detrimentally affects amylase applications and viscosity, we are currently developing a method to accurately measure both insoluble and soluble starch in raw and affined sugars, as well as other sugar products. C1 [Cole, Marsha; Eggleston, Gillian; Andrzejewski, Brett; St Cyr, Eldwin] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Gilbert, Audrey; Rose, Ingrid] AgroParisTech, Paris, France. [Stewart, David] Alma Plantat, Lakeland, LA 70752 USA. RP Cole, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM marsha.cole@ars.usda.gov FU American Sugar Cane League FX The American Sugar Cane League is thanked for partial funding of this research. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SUGAR JOURNAL LTD PI KENT PA 80 CALVERLEY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN1 2UN, WALES SN 0020-8841 J9 INT SUGAR J JI Int. Sugar J. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1380 BP 844 EP 851 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 292CA UT WOS:000329878300025 ER PT J AU Hamerlynck, EP Scott, RL Sanchez-Canete, EP Barron-Gafford, GA AF Hamerlynck, Erik P. Scott, Russell L. Sanchez-Canete, Enrique P. Barron-Gafford, Greg A. TI Nocturnal soil CO2 uptake and its relationship to subsurface soil and ecosystem carbon fluxes in a Chihuahuan Desert shrubland SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE carbonate dynamics; climate; desert soils; drought; soil respiration ID STABLE ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; WOODY PLANT ENCROACHMENT; MOJAVE DESERT; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; NEW-MEXICO; WATER; TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE; RESPIRATION AB Despite their prevalence, little attention has been given to quantifying arid land soil and ecosystem carbon fluxes over prolonged, annually occurring dry periods. We measured soil [CO2] profiles and fluxes (F-s) along with volumetric soil moisture and temperature in bare interplant canopy soils and in soils under plant canopies over a three-month hot and dry period in a Chihuahuan Desert shrubland. Nocturnal F-s was frequently negative (from the atmosphere into the soil), a form of inorganic carbon exchange infrequently observed in other deserts. Negative F-s depended on air-soil temperature gradients and were more frequent and stronger in intercanopy soils. Daily integrated ecosystem-level F-s was always positive despite lower daily F-s in intercanopy soils due to nocturnal uptake and more limited positive response to isolated rains. Subsurface [CO2] profiles associated with negative F-s indicated that sustained carbonate dissolution lowered shallow-soil [CO2] below atmospheric levels. In the morning, positive surface F-s started earlier and increased faster than shallow-soil F-s, which was bidirectional, with upward flux toward the surface and downward flux into deeper soils. These dynamics are consistent with carbonate precipitation in conjunction with convection-assisted CO2 outgassing from warming air and soil temperatures and produced a pronounced diurnal F-s temperature hysteresis. We concluded that abiotic nocturnal soil CO2 uptake, through a small carbon sink, modulates dry season ecosystem-level carbon dynamics. Moreover, these abiotic carbon dynamics may be affected by future higher atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and predictions of more prolonged and regular hot and dry periods. C1 [Hamerlynck, Erik P.; Scott, Russell L.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Sanchez-Canete, Enrique P.] CSIC, Estn Expt Zonas Aridas, Almeria, Spain. [Sanchez-Canete, Enrique P.] Ctr Andaluz Medio Ambiente, Granada, Spain. [Barron-Gafford, Greg A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev & Earthsci B2, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Hamerlynck, EP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM erik.hamerlynck@ars.usda.gov RI Sanchez-Canete, Enrique/I-3615-2014 OI Sanchez-Canete, Enrique/0000-0003-0482-6726 FU OECD Cooperative Research Program: Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems; Andalusian regional government project GECARBO [P08-RNM-3721] FX The authors thank Michelle Cavanaugh for her invaluable field assistance. This paper is the result of a fellowship funded by the OECD Cooperative Research Program: Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems to R. L. Scott. Travel for E. P. Sanchez-Canete was supported by the Andalusian regional government project GECARBO (P08-RNM-3721). USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 63 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 49 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 118 IS 4 BP 1593 EP 1603 DI 10.1002/2013JG002495 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 291ZM UT WOS:000329871400021 ER PT J AU Mehring, AS Lowrance, RR Helton, AM Pringle, CM Thompson, A Bosch, DD Vellidis, G AF Mehring, A. S. Lowrance, R. R. Helton, A. M. Pringle, C. M. Thompson, A. Bosch, D. D. Vellidis, G. TI Interannual drought length governs dissolved organic carbon dynamics in blackwater rivers of the western upper Suwannee River basin SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE mineralization; climate change; DOM; EEM ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; COASTAL-PLAIN WATERSHEDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; MATTER FLUORESCENCE; TERRESTRIAL SOURCES; CENTRAL SUMATRA; PEAT SOILS; EXPORT; TRANSPORT AB The Little River (LR) in southern Georgia, U.S., has experienced lengthening droughts since monitoring began in 1972. We evaluated the impacts of drought on riverine carbon cycling using a 9year data set of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) coupled with laboratory experiments in the LR, as well as long-term data sets in three additional rivers within the Suwannee River basin. Longer drought periods reduced downstream DOC export but also led to higher DOC concentrations in the following hydroperiod. Within a hydroperiod, DOC concentration was positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with river discharge but also negatively correlated with total discharge during the previous hydroperiod. Among hydroperiods, DOC concentration was more strongly correlated with antecedent hydrological conditions than with current hydrological conditions across broad spatial scales: in three additional rivers within the Suwannee River basin (Alapaha, Withlacoochee, and Okapilco) and in headwater and downstream reaches of the LR. Microbial DOC consumption and CO2 production were elevated when DOC concentration was high. Despite dramatic hydrologic changes, DOC composition appeared stable, with optical analyses suggesting that LR DOC is primarily composed of three terrestrial humic-like fluorescence groups. If the current climatic trend of intensifying droughts, elevated temperatures and decreased discharge continue, our results suggest the net effect may be for a more localized riverine carbon cycle with reduced downstream transport of DOC, but higher local mineralization rates due to elevated DOC concentrations. C1 [Mehring, A. S.; Pringle, C. M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lowrance, R. R.; Bosch, D. D.] ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, USDA, Tifton, GA USA. [Helton, A. M.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Storrs, CT USA. [Helton, A. M.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT USA. [Thompson, A.; Vellidis, G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Mehring, AS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, 140 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM amehring@ucsd.edu FU USDA-CSREES [2004-5113002224]; Hatch and State funds; University of Georgia Graduate School Dissertation Completion Award; North American Benthological Society President's Award FX This work was funded by the USDA-CSREES Integrated Research, Education, and Extension Competitive Grants Program's National Integrated Water Quality Program (award 2004-5113002224), Hatch and State funds allocated to the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations and USDA-ARS CRIS project funds. Additional funding was provided by a University of Georgia Graduate School Dissertation Completion Award and a North American Benthological Society President's Award to ASM. Helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript were provided by Kevin Kuehn (University of Southern Mississippi), Jacob Allgeier, John Davis, the Pringle and Rosemond lab groups at the University of Georgia, and an anonymous reviewer. Chris Clegg (USDA-ARS), Debbie Coker (University of Georgia), and Leila Hargett (USDA-ARS) assisted with water carbon and nutrient analyses. We would also like to thank Rose Cory at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for allowing the use of her fluorometer, and we are grateful to James Walker for granting access to his land. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 118 IS 4 BP 1636 EP 1645 DI 10.1002/2013JG002415 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 291ZM UT WOS:000329871400025 ER PT J AU Medvigy, D Jeong, SJ Clark, KL Skowronski, NS Schafer, KVR AF Medvigy, David Jeong, Su-Jong Clark, Kenneth L. Skowronski, Nicholas S. Schaefer, Karina V. R. TI Effects of seasonal variation of photosynthetic capacity on the carbon fluxes of a temperate deciduous forest SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE phenology; photosynthetic capacity; New Jersey Pine Barrens; Ecosystem Demography model; GPP; defoliation ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; EDDY COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INVASIVE INSECTS; ENERGY-EXCHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; TIME SCALES; NEW-JERSEY; UNCERTAINTY AB Seasonal variation in photosynthetic capacity is an important part of the overall seasonal variability of temperate deciduous forests. However, it has only recently been introduced in a few terrestrial biosphere models, and many models still do not include it. The biases that result from this omission are not well understood. In this study, we use the Ecosystem Demography 2 model to simulate an oak-dominated stand in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. Two alternative model configurations are presented, one with seasonal variation of photosynthetic capacity (SPC-ON) and one without seasonal variation of photosynthetic capacity (SPC-OFF). Under typical climate conditions, the two configurations simulate values of monthly gross primary productivity (GPP) as different as 0.05 kg C m(-2) month(-1) in the early summer and 0.04 kg C m(-2) month(-1) in the fall. The differences between SPC-ON and SPC-OFF are amplified when there is temporal correlation between photosynthetic capacity and climate anomalies or disturbances. Warmer spring temperatures enhance GPP in SPC-ON more than in SPC-OFF, but warmer fall temperatures enhance GPP in SPC-OFF more than in SPC-ON. Defoliation by gypsy moth, a class of disturbance that typically happens in late spring in the New Jersey Pine Barrens, has a disproportionately negative impact on GPP in SPC-ON. It is concluded that including seasonal variation of photosynthetic capacity in models will improve simulations of monthly scale ecosystem functioning as well as of longer-term responses to climate change and disturbances. C1 [Medvigy, David; Jeong, Su-Jong] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Clark, Kenneth L.] US Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest, USDA, New Lisbon, NJ USA. [Skowronski, Nicholas S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV USA. [Schaefer, Karina V. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Medvigy, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Guyot Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM dmedvigy@princeton.edu RI Jeong, Su-Jong/J-4110-2014; Skowronski, Nicholas/N-4417-2013 OI Skowronski, Nicholas/0000-0002-5801-5614 FU USDA [10-JV-11242306-136]; Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce [DE-SC0007041, NA08OAR4320752] FX We gratefully acknowledge support from USDA joint venture agreement 10-JV-11242306-136 and Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy DE-SC0007041 award NA08OAR4320752 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. Simulations presented here were performed on computational resources supported by the PICSciE-OIT High Performance Computing Center and Visualization Laboratory at Princeton University. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers whose comments significantly improved the quality of the original manuscript. NR 63 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 29 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 118 IS 4 BP 1703 EP 1714 DI 10.1002/2013JG002421 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 291ZM UT WOS:000329871400030 ER PT J AU Miao, GF Noormets, A Domec, JC Trettin, CC McNulty, SG Sun, G King, JS AF Miao, Guofang Noormets, Asko Domec, Jean-Christophe Trettin, Carl C. McNulty, Steve G. Sun, Ge King, John S. TI The effect of water table fluctuation on soil respiration in a lower coastal plain forested wetland in the southeastern US SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forested wetland; spatial heterogeneity; microtopography; temperature sensitivity; dynamic parameters; nested model ID TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE EFFLUX; ORGANIC-MATTER; TIME-SCALES; CO2 FLUXES; PEATLAND MESOCOSMS; SEASONAL-CHANGES; PRODUCTIVE LAKE; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Anthropogenic and environmental pressures on wetland hydrology may trigger changes in carbon (C) cycling, potentially exposing vast amounts of soil C to rapid decomposition. We measured soil CO2 efflux (R-s) continuously from 2009 to 2010 in a lower coastal plain forested wetland in North Carolina, U.S., to characterize its main environmental drivers. To understand and quantify the spatial variation due to microtopography and associated differences in hydrology, measurements were conducted at three microsites along a microtopographic gradient. The seasonal hysteresis in R-s differed by microtopographic location and was caused by the transitions between flooded and nonflooded conditions. Because flooded R-s was small, we reported R-s dynamics mainly during nonflooded periods. A nested model, modified from conventional Q(10) (temperature sensitivity) model with dynamic parameters, provided a significantly better simulation on the observed variation of R-s. The model performed better with daily data, indicating that soil temperature (T-s) and water table depth (WTD) were the primary drivers for seasonal variation. The diel variation of R-s was high and independent of T-s and WTD, which both had small diel variations, suggesting the likely association with plant activity. Overall, the site-average soil CO2 efflux was approximately 960-1103gCm(-2)yr(-1) in 2010, of which 93% was released during nonflooded periods. Our study indicates that R-s is highly linked to hydroperiod and microtopography in forested wetlands and droughts in wetlands will accelerate soil C loss. C1 [Miao, Guofang; Noormets, Asko; Domec, Jean-Christophe; King, John S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sci Agro, INRA TCEM UMR 1220, Gradignan, France. [Trettin, Carl C.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forested Wetland Res, USDA, Cordesville, SC USA. [McNulty, Steve G.; Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Miao, GF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. EM guofang.miao@gmail.com OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111 FU DOE NICCR [08-SC-NICCR-1072]; USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center [08-JV-11330147-38]; USGS Southeast Climate Science Center [G10AC00624]; DOE-TES program [11-DE-SC-0006700] FX This work was supported primarily by DOE NICCR (award 08-SC-NICCR-1072) and USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center (award 08-JV-11330147-38). G.M. was partly supported by a graduate research assistantship from the USGS Southeast Climate Science Center (award G10AC00624). Partial support for the study was also provided by DOE-TES program (award 11-DE-SC-0006700). We appreciate the constructive comments of anonymous reviewers and the advice from Montserrat Fuentes on statistical analysis. NR 93 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 82 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 118 IS 4 BP 1748 EP 1762 DI 10.1002/2013JG002354 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 291ZM UT WOS:000329871400033 ER PT J AU Diaz-Sotomayor, M Quezada-Calvillo, R Avery, SE Chacko, SK Yan, LK Lin, AHM Ao, ZH Hamaker, BR Nichols, BL AF Diaz-Sotomayor, Maricela Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto Avery, Stephen E. Chacko, Shaji K. Yan, Li-ke Lin, Amy Hui-Mei Ao, Zi-hua Hamaker, Bruce R. Nichols, Buford L. TI Maltase-Glucoamylase Modulates Gluconeogenesis and Sucrase-Isomaltase Dominates Starch Digestion Glucogenesis SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE glucogenesis from starch; gluconeogenesis; glucose homeostasis; maltase-glycoamylase; starch digestion; sucrase-isomaltase ID HUMAN INTESTINAL DISACCHARIDASES; PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE; RESISTANT STARCH; APPETITE REGULATION; SUBSTRATE BRAKE; GLUCOSE; INTOLERANCE; MICE; MULTIPLICITY; SITE AB Objectives:Six enzyme activities are needed to digest starch to absorbable free glucose; 2 luminal -amylases (AMY) and 4 mucosal maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and sucrase-isomaltase (SI) subunit activities are involved in the digestion. The AMY activities break down starch to soluble oligomeric dextrins; mucosal MGAM and SI can either directly digest starch to glucose or convert the post--amylolytic dextrins to glucose. We hypothesized that MGAM, with higher maltase than SI, drives digestion on ad limitum intakes and SI, with lower activity but more abundant amount, constrains ad libitum starch digestion.Methods:Mgam null and wild-type (WT) mice were fed with starch diets ad libitum and ad limitum. Fractional glucogenesis ((f)GG) derived from starch was measured and fractional gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis were calculated. Carbohydrates in small intestine were determined.Results:After ad libitum meals, null and WT had similar increases of blood glucose concentration. At low intakes, null mice had less (f)GG (P=0.02) than WT mice, demonstrating the role of Mgam activity in ad limitum feeding; null mice did not reduce (f)GG responses to ad libitum intakes demonstrating the dominant role of SI activity during full feeding. Although (f)GG was rising after feeding, fractional gluconeogenesis fell, especially for null mice.Conclusions:The (f)GNG (endogenous glucogenesis) in null mice complemented the (f)GG (exogenous glucogenesis) to conserve prandial blood glucose concentrations. The hypotheses that Mgam contributes a high-efficiency activity on ad limitum intakes and SI dominates on ad libitum starch digestion were confirmed. C1 [Diaz-Sotomayor, Maricela; Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Avery, Stephen E.; Chacko, Shaji K.; Nichols, Buford L.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Diaz-Sotomayor, Maricela; Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Avery, Stephen E.; Chacko, Shaji K.; Nichols, Buford L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Yan, Li-ke; Lin, Amy Hui-Mei; Ao, Zi-hua; Hamaker, Bruce R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, Whistler Ctr Carbohydrate Res, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Nichols, BL (reprint author), Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM blnichol@bcm.edu FU USDA ARS [6250-51000-052]; NIH [S10RR024629]; Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program of Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico; Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center [NIH DK58338]; Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research; MS Unit; Mouse Metabolic Research Unit FX This study was supported in part by research funds from USDA ARS 6250-51000-052 including the MS and the Mouse Metabolic Research Units. The Comprehensive Lab Animal Monitor system was supported by NIH grant number S10RR024629. M.D.-S. was supported by the Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program of Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico, D.F. Mexico. This investigation was part of the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH DK58338) and Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research (internal funding). The other authors report no conflicts of interest. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 EI 1536-4801 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 57 IS 6 BP 704 EP 712 DI 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182a27438 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 293AC UT WOS:000329942800008 PM 23838818 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL Gahche, JJ Thomas, PR Dwyer, JT AF Bailey, Regan L. Gahche, Jaime J. Thomas, Paul R. Dwyer, Johanna T. TI Why US children use dietary supplements SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS; SAMPLE AB BACKGROUND: Dietary supplements are used by one-third of children. We examined motivations for supplement use in children, the types of products used by motivations, and the role of physicians and health care practitioners in guiding choices about supplements. METHODS: We examined motivations for dietary supplement use reported for children (from birth to 19 y of age; n = 8,245) using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010. RESULTS: Dietary supplements were used by 31% of children; many different reasons were given as follows: to "improve overall health" (41%), to "maintain health" (37%), for "supplementing the diet" (23%), to "prevent health problems" (20%), and to "boost immunity" (14%). Most children (similar to 90%) who use dietary supplements use a multivitamin-mineral or multivitamin product. Supplement users tend to be non-Hispanic white, have higher family incomes, report more physical activity, and have health insurance. Only a small group of supplements used by children (15%) were based on the recommendation of a physician or other health care provider. CONCLUSION: Most supplements used by children are not under the recommendation of a health care provider. The most common reasons for use of supplements in children are for health promotion, yet little scientific data support this notion in nutrient-replete children. C1 [Bailey, Regan L.; Thomas, Paul R.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gahche, Jaime J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Bailey, RL (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM baileyr@mail.nih.gov OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported in part by resources from the Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0031-3998 EI 1530-0447 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 74 IS 6 BP 737 EP 741 DI 10.1038/pr.2013.160 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 287RN UT WOS:000329560000016 PM 24002333 ER PT J AU Vadas, PA Powell, JM AF Vadas, Peter A. Powell, J. Mark TI Monitoring nutrient loss in runoff from dairy cattle lots SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Dairy; Runoff; Nutrients; Model ID PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATIONS; WATER-QUALITY; MANURE; SOIL; POLLUTION; RAINFALL; NITROGEN; PASTURE; COMPOST; IMPACT AB Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss from agriculture persists as a water quality issue. For dairy farms, nutrients can be lost from cropland, pastures, barnyards, and outdoor cattle lots. We monitored nutrient runoff for 3.5 years from plots representing cattle lots of differing stocking densities and corn silage cropland. About 5-10% of annual precipitation became runoff for cattle lot and corn silage treatment plots. Sediment loss was low for cattle plots, with loss proportional to stocking density, and was greatest for corn silage plots. Runoff NO3-N was consistent over time, with 80% of samples less than 5 mg L-1. Runoff NR4-N and particulate N were also consistent through time, but high concentrations occurred soon after manure application. Sediment P loss was related to sediment loss, while dissolved P loss was more influenced by manure. Soil P and runoff dissolved P increased in cattle plots over time in proportion to stocking density. There were no similar P increases in corn silage plots because P inputs and outputs were well balanced. High dissolved P concentrations occurred soon after manure application, but decreased again as a function of cumulative precipitation. Cattle lots can be significant sources of P in runoff, but may constitute only about 3% of total annual P loss from a dairy farm where they represent 15% of total farm area. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vadas, Peter A.; Powell, J. Mark] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Vadas, PA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM peter.vadas@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 181 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.025 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 287OX UT WOS:000329553200014 ER PT J AU Fultz, LM Moore-Kucera, J Zobeck, TM Acosta-Martinez, V Wester, DB Allen, VG AF Fultz, Lisa M. Moore-Kucera, Jennifer Zobeck, Ted M. Acosta-Martinez, Veronica Wester, David B. Allen, Vivien G. TI Organic carbon dynamics and soil stability in five semiarid agroecosystems SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil organic carbon; Aggregates; Integrated crop-livestock; Carbon; Sequestration; Intra-aggregate ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; NO-TILL; INTEGRATING COTTON; BEEF-PRODUCTION; MATTER; AGGREGATION; NITROGEN; SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT AB Interest in integrated crop-livestock agroecosystems (ICL) has increased due to their versatility in management options, potential to offset increasing levels of atmospheric C and enhanced agronomic and ecosystem sustainability. Identifying agroecosystems that have the greatest potential for C sequestration requires an understanding of soil organic C distribution within aggregate fractions. Six soil aggregate C pools were physically isolated to evaluate the C sequestration potential of three ICLs and two continuous cotton (CTN) agroecosystems in the Texas High Plains. The proportions of the water stable aggregate fractions were used to calculate mean weight diameter, an indicator of soil stability. The first ICL (FRG_CTN) included paddocks of dryland perennial native grasses, a foxtail millet-cotton (Setaria italica [L.] P. Beauv. and FiberMax 9058F, respectively) rotation, and WW B-Dahl - Old World Bluestem [bluestem; Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S.T. Blake] under deficit irrigation (replacement of approximately 30% evapotranspiration). The second ICL (OWB_BER) included paddocks of deficit irrigated bermudagrass [bermuda; Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers.] and bluestem and the third ICL (FRG_RC) included paddocks of irrigated bluestem and row crop production. Soil samples (0-5 and 5-20 cm) were collected in July 2010. In general, ICLs increased water stable macroaggregates providing a physical protective shell for SOC and increasing C sequestration potential. A strong correlation between SOC and mean weight diameter identified a critical SOC level of 5.5 Mg ha(-1) for the greatest increases in mean weight diameter. Of the five agroecosystems evaluated, FRG_RC and OWB_BER ranked the highest in terms of mean weight diameter (130% larger), whole SOC (up to 45% more), and intra-aggregate microaggregate SOC (157% greater) relative to CTN production. Increased stability and reduced exposure of intra-aggregate fractions resulted in relatively greater intra-aggregate microaggregate SOC under perennial vegetation. The potential to serve as significant SOC accumulators may aid in offsetting increasing atmospheric C levels, and while specific to these semiarid soils, the identified critical SOC level can act as a target for producers to minimize and ultimately reverse soil degradation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fultz, Lisa M.; Moore-Kucera, Jennifer; Allen, Vivien G.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Zobeck, Ted M.; Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Wester, David B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Rangeland & Wildlife Sci, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Wester, David B.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. RP Moore-Kucera, J (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Box 42122, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM lisamfultz@gmail.com; jennifer.moore-kucera@ttu.edu; ted.zobeck@ars.usda.gov; veronica.acosta-martinez@ars.usda.gov; david.wester@tamuk.edu; vivien.allen@ttu.edu OI Fultz, Lisa/0000-0002-5128-7879 FU USDA Southern Sustainable Agricultural Research and Education Organization [L597-82, LS10-229] FX We would like to thank Paul Green for maintaining fields and Dr. Phil Brown for providing detailed management and information about the agroecosystems and operations at the Texas Tech Experimental Farm. We would like to extend our gratitude to Dr. Peter Dotray for providing access to and detailed information for the continuous cotton agroecosystem located on the Texas tech experimental farm. We would like to extend thanks to Texas alliance for water conservation director, Mr. Rick Kellison and Jeff Pate for providing additional information about the agroecosystems, and to the land owners for access to their commercial production sites. We would like to thank Dr. Johan Six and his students for training in the intra-aggregate fractionation method. Support for this research was provided by the USDA Southern Sustainable Agricultural Research and Education Organization (Grant #'s L597-82 and LS10-229). NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 181 BP 231 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.004 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 287OX UT WOS:000329553200026 ER PT J AU Rothlisberger, JD Lodge, DM AF Rothlisberger, John D. Lodge, David M. TI The Laurentian Great Lakes as a beachhead and a gathering place for biological invasions SO AQUATIC INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE biological invasions; nonindigenous species; Great Lakes; human-mediated dispersal; vectors; invasion history; prevention ID DIATOM GENUS-THALASSIOSIRA; WATER BROWN ALGA; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; FRESH-WATER; 1ST RECORD; GYMNOCEPHALUS-CERNUUS; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; SPECIES INVASIONS; BALLAST WATER AB Invasive species alter ecosystems and harm economies. Improved understanding of past invasions can inform and improve current and future management efforts. We investigated the global and North American distribution of nonindigenous species (NIS) prior to their establishment in the Laurentian Great Lakes (GL). For the subset of NIS first recorded in North America in the GL, we also investigated the likelihood of these species to spread beyond the basin. With respect to biological invasions, we assessed if the GL basin is a beachhead (i.e., most NIS in the basin originating from outside North America) or a gathering place (i.e., most NIS arriving in GL already in North America). We found that the GL are both a beachhead and a gathering place, depending on the vector of introduction to the basin. Ballast water release introduces most beachhead NIS (43 of 65, 66%), whereas canals, authorized release, and unauthorized release primarly introduce gathering place NIS (67 of 101, 66%). Overall, gathering place NIS currently outnumber beachhead NIS in the GL (101 vs. 65). Regarding spread of beachhead NIS beyond the GL, we found that time elapsed since discovery in the GL predicts secondary spread with 87% accuracy. Our classification model suggests that beachhead NIS established populations outside the GL basin within 77 years of discovery there, suggesting that numerous NIS may be poised to spread beyond the GL basin in the near future. Given the established policy goal of both Canada and the United States to reduce harm from invasions, several recommendations arise from our analysis: (1) maintain, strengthen, and monitor the efficacy of ballast water regulations to prevent the introduction of additional beachhead NIS, (2) conduct risk assessments of NIS that are already in North America but not yet in the GL to prioritize management actions, and (3) seek regional coordination of regulations of vectors of gathering place NIS to shore up weak policy links. C1 [Rothlisberger, John D.] US Forest Serv, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. [Lodge, David M.] Univ Notre Dame, Environm Change Initiat, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Lodge, David M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Rothlisberger, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. EM jrothlisberger@fs.fed.us; dlodge@nd.edu FU NOAA National Sea Grant Program through the Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant College Program [NA16RG2283, 2003-06727-10]; NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA09NOS 4780192, NA10NOS4780218]; University of Notre Dame; Center for Aquatic Conservation at the University of Notre Dame FX The NOAA National Sea Grant Program (Award No. NA16RG2283) through the Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant College Program (Subaward No. 2003-06727-10) and the NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research awards NA09NOS 4780192 and NA10NOS4780218 funded this research. A Schmitt Graduate Research Fellowship from the University of Notre Dame and a research fellowship from the Center for Aquatic Conservation at the University of Notre Dame also partially supported JDR. An intergovernmental personnel agreement between the U.S. Forest Service and the University of Notre Dame facilitated the completion of this project. Thanks to C. Jerde, R. Keller, J. Peters, J. Wilson, M. Wittmann, and several anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This is a publication of the Notre Dame Environmental Change Initiative. NR 191 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 36 PU REGIONAL EURO-ASIAN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS CENTRE-REABIC PI HELSINKI PA PL 3, HELSINKI, 00981, FINLAND SN 1798-6540 EI 1818-5487 J9 AQUAT INVASIONS JI Aquat. Invasions PD DEC PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 BP 361 EP 374 DI 10.3391/ai.2013.8.4.01 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 283XJ UT WOS:000329280000001 ER PT J AU Bright, BC Hudak, AT McGaughey, R Andersen, HE Negron, J AF Bright, Benjamin C. Hudak, Andrew T. McGaughey, Robert Andersen, Hans-Erik Negron, Jose TI Predicting live and dead tree basal area of bark beetle affected forests from discrete-return lidar SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; INTENSITY DATA; UNITED-STATES; STAND; NORMALIZATION; DISTURBANCES; IMAGERY AB Bark beetle outbreaks have killed large numbers of trees across North America in recent years. Lidar remote sensing can be used to effectively estimate forest biomass, but prediction of both live and dead standing biomass in beetle-affected forests using lidar alone has not been demonstrated. We developed Random Forest (RF) models predicting total, live, dead, and percent dead basal area (BA) from lidar metrics in five different beetle-affected coniferous forests across western North America. Study areas included the Kenai Peninsula of Alaska, southeastern Arizona, north-central Colorado, central Idaho, and central Oregon, U. S. A. We created RF models with and without intensity metrics as predictor variables and investigated how intensity normalization affected RF models in Idaho. RF models predicting total BA explained the most variation, whereas RF models predicting dead BA explained the least variation, with live and percent dead BA models explaining intermediate levels of variation. Important metrics varied between models depending on the type of BA being predicted. Generally, height and density metrics were important in predicting total BA, intensity and density metrics were important in predicting live BA, and intensity metrics were important in predicting dead and percent dead BA. Several lidar metrics were important across all study areas. Whether needles were on or off beetle-killed trees at the time of lidar acquisition could not be ascertained. Future work, where needle conditions at the time of lidar acquisition are known, could improve upon our analysis and results. Although RF models predicting live, dead, and percent dead BA did not perform as well as models predicting total BA, we concluded that discrete-return lidar can be used to provide reasonable estimations of live and dead BA. Our results also showed which lidar metrics have general utility across different coniferous forest types. C1 [Bright, Benjamin C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [McGaughey, Robert; Andersen, Hans-Erik] Univ Washington, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Negron, Jose] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bright, BC (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, 875 Perimeter Dr,MS 3021, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM benjamincbright@fs.fed.us FU Special Technology Development Program of the U.S. Forest Service Forest Health Protection division; [11-JV-11221633-184] FX Funding was provided by the Special Technology Development Program of the U.S. Forest Service Forest Health Protection division. Funding to the University of Idaho was provided through Joint Venture Agreement 11-JV-11221633-184. We thank Craig Wilcox, Kit O'Connor, and Dr. Ann Lynch for providing Arizona field plot data; Drs. Jenny Briggs and Todd Hawbaker for providing Colorado field plot and lidar data; and Dr. Harold Zald for cleaning the Oregon plot data. We also thank Dr. Jeff Hicke for productive discussions relating to this study, Dr. Rupesh Shrestha for help with intensity normalization methods, and Jean-Paul Ntore Nduwayo for translating the abstract into French. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 24 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 39 SU 1 BP S99 EP S111 DI 10.5589/m13-027 PG 13 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 285OH UT WOS:000329402800009 ER PT J AU Wulder, MA Coops, NC Hudak, AT Morsdorf, F Nelson, R Newnham, G Vastaranta, M AF Wulder, M. A. Coops, N. C. Hudak, A. T. Morsdorf, F. Nelson, R. Newnham, G. Vastaranta, M. TI Status and prospects for LiDAR remote sensing of forested ecosystems SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID AIRBORNE SCANNING LASER; INVENTORY AB The science associated with the use of airborne and satellite Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) to remotely sense forest structure has rapidly progressed over the past decade. LiDAR has evolved from being a poorly understood, potentially useful tool to an operational technology in a little over a decade, and these instruments have become a major success story in terms of their application to the measurement, mapping, or monitoring of forests worldwide. Invented in 1960, the laser and, a short time later, LiDAR, were found in research and military laboratories. Since the early 2000s, commercial technological developments coupled with an improved understanding of how to manipulate and analyze large amounts of collected data enabled notable scientific and application developments. A diversity of rapidly developing fields especially benefit from communications offered through conferences such as SilviLaser, and LiDAR has been no different. In 2002 the SilviLaser conference series was initiated to bring together those interested in the development and application of LiDAR for forested environments. Now, a little over a decade later, commercial use of LiDAR is common. In this paper - using the deliberations of SilviLaser 2012 as a source of information - we aim to capture aspects of importance to LiDAR users in the forest ecosystems community and to also point to key emerging issues as well as some remaining challenges. C1 [Wulder, M. A.] Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Coops, N. C.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Hudak, A. T.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Morsdorf, F.] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Remote Sensing Labs, Zurich, Switzerland. [Nelson, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Newnham, G.] CSIRO, Clayton, Vic 3139, Australia. [Vastaranta, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Wulder, MA (reprint author), Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, 506 W Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. EM mwulder@nrcan.gc.ca RI Morsdorf, Felix/D-1151-2010; Coops, Nicholas/J-1543-2012; Newnham, Glenn/G-8115-2011; Nelson, Ross/H-8266-2014; Wulder, Michael/J-5597-2016; OI Coops, Nicholas/0000-0002-0151-9037; Wulder, Michael/0000-0002-6942-1896; Vastaranta, Mikko/0000-0001-6552-9122 NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 33 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 39 SU 1 BP S1 EP S5 DI 10.5589/m13-051 PG 5 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 285OH UT WOS:000329402800001 ER PT J AU Mallek, C Safford, H Viers, J Miller, J AF Mallek, Chris Safford, Hugh Viers, Joshua Miller, Jay TI Modern departures in fire severity and area vary by forest type, Sierra Nevada and southern Cascades, California, USA SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE California; USA; ecological restoration; fire area; fire severity; Sierra Nevada ID MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; ABIES-MAGNIFICA FORESTS; YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; UPPER MONTANE FORESTS; SAN-PEDRO-MARTIR; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPATIAL-PATTERNS AB Acute changes in ecological disturbance regimes can have major consequences for ecosystems and biota, including humans, living within them. Human suppression of fire in the western United States over the last century has caused notable changes to many ecosystems, especially in lower elevation, semiarid forest types dominated historically by fire tolerant taxa like Pinus and Quercus. Recent increases in fire activity in western US forests have highlighted the need for restoration of ecological structure and function, but management targets for restoration in different forest types remain uncertain. Working in the forests of eastern California, we evaluated the direction and magnitude of change in burned area and fire severity between the period prior to Euro-American settlement (similar to 1500-1850) and the "modern'' period (1984-2009). We compared total annual area burned; proportional area burned at low-moderate severity and high severity; and annual area burned at low-moderate severity and high severity between the two time periods in seven forest types. We also examined modern trends in fire area and severity. We found that modern rates of burning are far below presettlement levels for all forest types. However, there were major differences between low to middle elevation forests and high elevation forests regarding the components of this departure. Low and middle elevation forests are currently burning at much higher severities than during the presettlement period, and the departure in fire area is overwhelmingly expressed in the low to moderate severity categories; in these forest types, mean annual area of high severity fire is not notably different between the modern and presettlement periods. In higher elevation forests on the other hand, the modern departure in fire area is expressed equally across fire severity categories. Our results underline the critical need for forest and fire restoration in the study area, especially in low and middle elevation forests adapted to frequent, low severity fire. Expanded management of naturally ignited fires for resource benefit is clearly needed, but in many parts of our study area, strategic reduction of forest fuels will likely be necessary before large-scale restoration of fire becomes ecologically, politically, and financially feasible. C1 [Mallek, Chris] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Safford, Hugh] USDA, Forest Serv, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Safford, Hugh] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Viers, Joshua] Univ Calif, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. RP Mallek, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM hughsafford@fs.fed.us NR 146 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 11 U2 56 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2013 VL 4 IS 12 AR UNSP 153 DI 10.1890/ES13-00217 PG 28 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 285PI UT WOS:000329405700009 ER PT J AU Brito, A Olivares, M Pizarro, T Rodriguez, L Hertrampf, E AF Brito, Alex Olivares, Manuel Pizarro, Tito Rodriguez, Lorena Hertrampf, Eva TI Chilean Complementary Feeding Program reduces anemia and improves iron status in children aged 11 to 18 months SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Anemia; Chile; infants; iron deficiency; program effectiveness ID DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; FORTIFIED MILK; PREVENTION; INFANTS; FORTIFICATION; NUTRITION; MORTALITY; HEALTH; RISK AB Background. Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency in the world, primarily affecting infants, young children, and women of childbearing age. Objective. To evaluate the impact of the National Complementary Feeding Program (NCFP) on anemia and iron status in Chilean children aged 11 to 18 months. Methods. Two studies were performed. The first study was performed at one public outpatient health center in Santiago, using data collected in 1999 (n = 128) and 2000 (n = 125), before and after the national introduction of iron-fortified milk. Subsequently, a study of a representative sample (n = 320) from the two most populated areas of the country was performed in 2009. Results. One year after fortification, the prevalence of anemia was 9%; significantly lower (p < .001) than the 27% prevalence observed 1 year before. Ten years after fortification, 14% of children were anemic and 77% of children with anemia (12% of all children) suffered from iron-deficiency anemia. In 2009, 11% of children consuming iron-fortified milk delivered by the NCFP (73%) were anemic, significantly lower (p = .028) than the 21% prevalence of anemia observed in children without consumption. Consumption of iron-fortified milk was positively associated with hemoglobin concentration (r = 0.28, p = .022) and was associated with a lower prevalence of anemia after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.96). Conclusions. In Chile, the NCFP has had an impact on the reduction of anemia and improved the iron status of children aged 11 to 18 months. Increasing the consumption of this iron-fortified milk could enhance the impact of the NCFP. C1 [Brito, Alex; Olivares, Manuel; Hertrampf, Eva] Univ Chile, Inst Nutr & Food Technol INTA, Micronutrients Lab, Santiago, Chile. [Brito, Alex] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Hertrampf, E (reprint author), Univ Chile, Inst Nutr & Food Technol INTA, Micronutrients Lab, Macul 5540, Santiago, Chile. EM evahertrampf@gmail.com RI Brito, Alex/I-2858-2013 OI Brito, Alex/0000-0002-6212-8814 FU Chilean Ministry of Health FX The study was supported with funding from the Chilean Ministry of Health. Tito Pizarro and Lorena Rodriguez were heads of the Department of Nutrition at the Chilean Ministry of Health when this study was conducted. Alex Brito, Manuel Olivares, and Eva Hertrampf have no conflicts of interest. We thank Alvaro Castillo-Camiglia for critically reviewing the manuscript, and Sotiris Chaniotakis for assistance in editing the manuscript. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 EI 1564-8265 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 34 IS 4 BP 378 EP 385 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 287QA UT WOS:000329556100002 PM 24605687 ER PT J AU Rahkovsky, I Lin, BH Lin, CTJ Lee, JY AF Rahkovsky, Ilya Lin, Biing-Hwan Lin, Chung-Tung Jordan Lee, Jonq-Ying TI Effects of the Guiding Stars Program on purchases of ready-to-eat cereals with different nutritional attributes SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE Nutrition information; Front-of-package nutrition labeling; Cereal demand; Guiding Stars Program ID FOOD LABELS; INFORMATION; CONSUMERS; SPACE AB Over the past decade, the food industry has increased its use of front-of-package and shelf-tag nutrition labeling designed to present key nutritional aspects and characteristics of food products. One such system is the Guiding Stars Program (TM) (GSP), which uses an algorithm to score the nutritional values of food products from one to three stars, where more stars mean more nutritious. We studied how the introduction of the GSP in one supermarket chain affected the demand for ready-to-eat cereals. We estimated the demand for cereals and measured the effect using a treatment-control approach. We found that the GSP significantly increased the demand for cereals that GSP considers more nutritious at the expense of cereals that GSP considers less nutritious. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rahkovsky, Ilya; Lin, Biing-Hwan] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Lin, Chung-Tung Jordan] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Lee, Jonq-Ying] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Rahkovsky, I (reprint author), 355 E St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM irahkovsky@ers.usda.gov NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 EI 1873-5657 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 BP 100 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.08.013 PG 8 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 285SA UT WOS:000329414100010 ER PT J AU Rezvani, R Cianflone, K McGahan, JP Berglund, L Bremer, AA Keim, NL Griffen, SC Havel, PJ Stanhope, KL AF Rezvani, Reza Cianflone, Katherine McGahan, John P. Berglund, Lars Bremer, Andrew A. Keim, Nancy L. Griffen, Steven C. Havel, Peter J. Stanhope, Kimber L. TI Effects of sugar-sweetened beverages on plasma acylation stimulating protein, leptin and adiponectin: Relationships with Metabolic Outcomes SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID GASTRIC BYPASS-SURGERY; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS; ADIPOCYTE HORMONES; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; WEIGHT-GAIN; GLUCOSE; WOMEN AB Objective The effects of fructose and glucose consumption on plasma acylation stimulating protein (ASP), adiponectin, and leptin concentrations relative to energy intake, body weight, adiposity, circulating triglycerides, and insulin sensitivity were determined. Design and Methods Thirty two overweight/obese adults consumed glucose- or fructose-sweetened beverages (25% energy requirement) with their ad libitum diets for 8 weeks, followed by sweetened beverage consumption for 2 weeks with a standardized, energy-balanced diet. Plasma variables were measured at baseline, 2, 8, and 10 weeks, and body adiposity and insulin sensitivity at baseline and 10 weeks. Results Fasting and postprandial ASP concentrations increased at 2 and/or 8 weeks. ASP increases correlated with changes in late-evening triglyceride concentrations. At 10 weeks, fasting adiponectin levels decreased in both groups, and decreases were inversely associated with baseline intra-abdominal fat volume. Sugar consumption increased fasting leptin concentrations; increases were associated with body weight changes. The 24-h leptin profiles increased during glucose consumption and decreased during fructose consumption. These changes correlated with changes of 24-h insulin levels. Conclusions The consumption of fructose and glucose beverages induced changes in plasma concentrations of ASP, adiponectin, and leptin. Further study is required to determine if these changes contribute to the metabolic dysfunction observed during fructose consumption. C1 [Rezvani, Reza; Cianflone, Katherine] Univ Laval, Inst Univ Cardiol & Pneumol Quebec, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [McGahan, John P.] Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Berglund, Lars; Griffen, Steven C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bremer, Andrew A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Keim, Nancy L.] Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Havel, Peter J.; Stanhope, Kimber L.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Havel, Peter J.; Stanhope, Kimber L.] UCD, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA USA. RP Stanhope, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM klstanhope@ucdavis.edu FU NIH [R01 HL-075675, RO1 HL HL091333, RO1 HL HL HL107256]; CIHR; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UL1 RR024146]; NIH Roadmap for Medical Research; USDA-ARS CRIS [5306-51530-016-00D]; Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health award [K12 HD051958]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH), Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS); National Institute of Aging (NIA) FX This research was supported with funding from NIH grant R01 HL-075675 and by CIHR (to KC). K. Cianflone holds a Canada Research Chair in Adipose Tissue. The project also received support from Grant Number UL1 RR024146 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Dr. Keim's research is supported by intramural USDA-ARS CRIS 5306-51530-016-00D. Dr. Havel has since received funding for further research on the metabolic effects of sugar consumption from NIH grants RO1 HL HL091333 and RO1 HL HL HL107256. Dr. Stanhope is supported by a Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health award (K12 HD051958) funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH), Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), and the National Institute of Aging (NIA). NR 40 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD DEC PY 2013 VL 21 IS 12 BP 2471 EP 2480 DI 10.1002/oby.20437 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 288LT UT WOS:000329614200045 PM 23512943 ER PT J AU Tipton, J Opsomer, J Moisen, G AF Tipton, John Opsomer, Jean Moisen, Gretchen TI Properties of Endogenous Post-Stratified Estimation using remote sensing data SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Endogenous post-stratification; Forest inventory analysis; Landsat ETM; Random Forest; Improved precision ID GROWING STOCK VOLUME; FOREST; COVER; MODEL AB Post-stratification is commonly used to improve the precision of survey estimates. In traditional post-stratification methods, the stratification variable must be known at the population level. When suitable covariates are available at the population level, an alternative approach consists of fitting a model on the covariates, making predictions for the population and then stratifying on these predicted values. This method is called Endogenous Post-Stratification Estimation (EPSE) and it is well suited for applications using remote sensing data. In this article, we investigate the performance of EPSE in a realistic setting using data from the United States Forest Service Forest Inventory Analysis and Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus. This article has three specific objectives: first, to evaluate the statistical properties of EPSE when using linear regression, spline regression, and the machine learning tool Random Forest to predict tree canopy cover using remote sensing and Geographic Information System data; second, to investigate the effect on the EPSE variance estimator using estimated stratum boundaries instead of fixed stratum boundaries; and third, to investigate the effect on the EPSE variance estimator when optimizing the stratum boundaries to minimize the variance estimate. The main findings of this article are that the EPSE variance estimator performs well using Random Forests, but can underestimate the true variance if an optimization is performed on the stratum boundaries in an attempt to minimize the variance estimate. This result supports the use of the EPSE estimator using remote sensing data in cases where there is no optimization on the variance estimator. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tipton, John; Opsomer, Jean] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Moisen, Gretchen] US Forest Serv Forest Inventory Anal, Forestry Sci Lab, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. RP Tipton, J (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM jtipton25@gmail.com; jopsomer@statcolostate.edu; gmoisen@fs.fed.us FU FIA FX The authors would like to thank FIA for support of this research. In addition, thanks go out to FIA and the Remote Sensing Applications Center for the dataset used in this study. The authors would also like to thank the three reviewers for their comments that led to significant improvements to the manuscript. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 139 BP 130 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.07.035 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 285TK UT WOS:000329417700011 ER PT J AU Main-Knorn, M Cohen, WB Kennedy, RE Grodzki, W Pflugmacher, D Griffiths, P Hostert, P AF Main-Knorn, Magdalena Cohen, Warren B. Kennedy, Robert E. Grodzki, Wojciech Pflugmacher, Dirk Griffiths, Patrick Hostert, Patrick TI Monitoring coniferous forest biomass change using a Landsat trajectory-based approach SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Remote sensing; Landsat time series; SPOT; IRS LISS; LandTrendr; Biomass trajectories; Coniferous; Carpathian Mountains ID POST-SOCIALIST ROMANIA; TIME-SERIES; WESTERN CARPATHIANS; NATURAL DISTURBANCES; DETECTING TRENDS; AIR-POLLUTION; FUTURE; CLASSIFICATION; IMAGERY; CZECHOSLOVAKIA AB Forest biomass is a major store of carbon and thus plays an important role in the regional and global carbon cycle. Accurate forest carbon sequestration assessment requires estimation of both forest biomass and forest biomass dynamics over time. Forest dynamics are characterized by disturbances and recovery, key processes affecting site productivity and the forest carbon cycle. Thus, spatially and temporally explicit knowledge of these processes and their drivers are critical for understanding regional carbon cycles. Here, we present a new method that uses satellite data to estimate changes in forest aboveground biomass associated with forest disturbances and recovery at annual time steps. First yearly maps of aboveground biomass between 1985 and 2010 based on Landsat time series and field data were created. Then, we applied a trajectory-based segmentation and fitting algorithm to the yearly biomass maps to reconstruct the forest disturbance and recovery history over the last 25 years. We tested the method over a coniferous forest region in the Western Carpathian Mountains, which experienced long-term environmental changes. Overall, 55% (similar to 30,700 ha) of the total coniferous forest experienced a loss of biomass over the observation period, while similar to 30% showed severe or complete removal of forest biomass. At the same time, 11.2% of the area was reforested or regenerated on previously damaged forest stands. The total coniferous biomass dropped by 15% between 1985 and 2010, indicating negative balance between the losses and the gains. Disturbance hotspots indicate high insect infestation levels in many areas and reveal strong interactions between biomass loss and climate conditions. Our study demonstrates how spatial and temporal estimates of biomass help to understand regional forest dynamics and derive degradation trends in regard to regional climate change. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Main-Knorn, Magdalena; Pflugmacher, Dirk; Griffiths, Patrick; Hostert, Patrick] Humboldt Univ, Dept Geog, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kennedy, Robert E.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Grodzki, Wojciech] Forest Res Inst, PL-30605 Krakow, Poland. RP Main-Knorn, M (reprint author), Humboldt Univ, Dept Geog, Unter Linden 6, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. EM magdalena.main@geo.hu-berlin.de RI Griffiths, Patrick/O-4628-2014 OI Griffiths, Patrick/0000-0002-8839-9022 FU Berlin Young Scientists Scholarship Fund (NacOG); Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin; US Forest Service Pacific NW Research Station in Corvallis, OR, USA; Belgian Science Policy (Stereo II) [SR/00/133] FX This study was supported by the Berlin Young Scientists Scholarship Fund (NacOG), Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, US Forest Service Pacific NW Research Station in Corvallis, OR, USA, and the Belgian Science Policy (Stereo II, contract SR/00/133, FoMo project). We would like to thank 'The State Forests National Forest Holding', as well as J. Kozak and L Kulla for their generous provision of data and photography. We are grateful to T. Kuemmerle and J. Knom for providing insightful and constructive comments. Patrick Hostert gratefully acknowledges the support of the Landsat Science Team and the Global Land Project. Two anonymous reviewers contributed valuable comments. NR 76 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 139 BP 277 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.010 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 285TK UT WOS:000329417700023 ER PT J AU Suh, CPC Westbrook, JK Esquivel, JF AF Suh, Charles P. -C. Westbrook, John K. Esquivel, Jesus F. TI Species of Stink Bugs in Cotton and Other Row Crops in the Brazos River Bottom of Texas SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID HEMIPTERA-PENTATOMIDAE; EUSCHISTUS-SERVUS; NEZARA-VIRIDULA; HETEROPTERA; GREEN; QUALITY; TRANSMISSION; FARMSCAPES; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS AB Stink bugs have recently become an economic pest of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in the Brazos River Bottom production area of Texas, but many producers remain uncertain which species are infesting fields. Cotton and nearby maize (Zea mays L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and soybean [Glycine max (L.)] fields were sampled weekly for stink bugs in 2011 and 2012 to determine the complex of species infesting cotton and identify other crops in which stink bugs may develop and then move to cotton. In total, 12 phytophagous stink bug species were collected among the four crops over both years. Seven species were detected in cotton, but the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), and redshouldered stink bug, Thyanta custator acerra McAtee, collectively, accounted for 80 and 96% of the stink bugs found in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The two species also were the most prevalent encountered in soybean and maize over both years. The absence of southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.), during both years and absence of green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), in 2012 are interesting because both species were commonly observed in cotton and soybean fields in years before the initiation of the study. Given the prevalence of brown and redshouldered stink bugs in cotton and relative abundance of both species in soybean and, to a lesser extent, maize, soybean and maize might be late-season sources for stink bugs in cotton. C1 [Suh, Charles P. -C.; Westbrook, John K.; Esquivel, Jesus F.] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Suh, CPC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. FU Cotton, Inc. [11-956] FX We thank Cotton, Inc. for funding this project (11-956), and Derrick Hall, Cody Wall, Roger Anderson, Mike O'Neil, Parker Knutson, Curtis Hubbard, Ritchie Eyster, and Edward Riley Jr. for technical assistance. We also thank the many producers that allowed us to do research in their fields. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 38 IS 4 BP 561 EP 569 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 288EY UT WOS:000329596000002 ER PT J AU Lopez, JD Latheef, MA Hoffmann, WC AF Lopez, Juan D., Jr. Latheef, Mohamed A. Hoffmann, Wesley C. TI Toxicity of Selected Insecticides and Insecticide Mixtures in a Glass-Vial Bioassay of Southern Green Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) from Central Texas SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID NEZARA-VIRIDULA; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; COTTON; HETEROPTERA; MIRIDAE; YIELD AB The southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), is cosmopolitan in distribution and feeds on a multitude of food and fiber crops. It induces abscission of bolls of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., and reduces seed cotton yield, gin-turnout, and fiber quality. Also, the bug vectors bacterial and fungal pathogens causing necrosis of the locule and rotting the bolls. Control options are mostly dependent upon and limited to the use of insecticides. Data are needed to assess the toxicity of currently available insecticides and develop baseline mortality data to monitor resistance of the insect to insecticides in Central Texas. We studied the toxicity of selected organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in a glass-vial bioassay to adult southern green stink bugs captured in blacklight traps. Dicrotophos was six times more toxic than acephate to southern green stink bug. Toxicity of acephate and chlorpyrifos was comparable. The order of toxicity of pyrethroids to southern green stink bug was gamma-cyhalothrin > zeta-cypermethrin > lambda-cyhalothrin > cypermethrin > bifenthrin. Mixtures of technical-grade active ingredients were 4- to 7.5-fold more toxic to southern green stink bug compared to commercially-formulated insecticides. The lesser efficacy of the commercial formulations suggests the active ingredients used in the mixtures failed to potentiate, probably because of lack of additivity or synergism in the composition of active ingredients in the formulations. The inert and other ingredients in the formulations may have played a part as well. C1 [Lopez, Juan D., Jr.; Latheef, Mohamed A.; Hoffmann, Wesley C.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Lopez, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM juan.lopez@ars.usda.gov; Mohamed.latheef@ars.usda.gov; Clint.Hoffmann@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 19 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 38 IS 4 BP 571 EP 578 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 288EY UT WOS:000329596000003 ER PT J AU Mercado-Diaz, JA Gould, WA Gonzalez, G Lucking, R AF Mercado-Diaz, Joel A. Gould, William A. Gonzalez, Grizelle Luecking, Robert TI Four new species of Coenogonium (Ascomycota: Ostropales) from vulnerable forest ecosystems in Puerto Rico SO BRYOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity hotspots; endemism; island biota ID LAND-DEVELOPMENT; GRADIENT; LICHENS; COMMUNITIES; SALINITY; DYNAMICS AB Four new species of Coenogonium are described from the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico-C. aurantiacum Mercado-Diaz & Lucking, C. borinquense Mercado-Diaz & Lucking, C. dimorphicum Mercado-Diaz & Lucking and C. portoricense Mercado-Diaz & Lucking. All were discovered in small and highly fragmented forest remnants of relatively rare Puerto Rican forest ecosystems, Pterocarpus wetlands and non-calcareous dry forests. The discoveries are discussed relative to the conservation status of these threatened ecosystems, the need to catalogue biodiversity before it vanishes, and the notion that endemism in lichenized fungi in island biotas is potentially much higher than hitherto assumed. A previous world-wide key to Coenogonium is updated to accommodate the new taxa. C1 [Mercado-Diaz, Joel A.; Gould, William A.; Gonzalez, Grizelle] USDA Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. [Luecking, Robert] Field Museum, Dept Bot, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. RP Mercado-Diaz, JA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Ceiba St 1201, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. EM joel_pr19@hotmail.com OI Gould, William/0000-0002-3720-9735; Gonzalez, Grizelle /0000-0003-3007-5540 FU IITF State and Private Forestry Program; National Science Foundation: Neotropical Epiphytic Microlichens - An Innovative Inventory of a Highly Diverse yet Little Known Group of Symbiotic Organisms [DEB 715660] FX Thanks to Maria Rivera (IITF) for her company and guidance during field collections. We are grateful to Maya Quinones from the IITF GIS and Remote Sensing Laboratory for surface area calculations and maps presented in Fig 1C and 1E. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments. The present work is part of the IITF project: Characterizing lichen communities along an elevational gradient in Puerto Rico: Assessing their role as indicators of forest health, biodiversity and microclimate lead by the first and second authors and supported by the IITF State and Private Forestry Program. This study was partially supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation: Neotropical Epiphytic Microlichens - An Innovative Inventory of a Highly Diverse yet Little Known Group of Symbiotic Organisms (DEB 715660 to The Field Museum; PI R. Lucking). This work was conducted in collaboration with the University of Puerto Rico. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER BRYOLOGICAL LICHENOLOGICAL SOC INC PI OMAHA PA C/O DR ROBERT S EGAN, SEC-TRES, ABLS, UNIV NEBRASKA OMAHA, DEPT BIOLOGY, OMAHA, NE 68182-0040 USA SN 0007-2745 EI 1938-4378 J9 BRYOLOGIST JI Bryologist PD WIN PY 2013 VL 116 IS 4 BP 373 EP 381 DI 10.1639/0007-2745-116.4.373 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 283TI UT WOS:000329269500006 ER PT J AU Paraiso, O Hight, SD Kairo, MTK Bloem, S AF Paraiso, Oulimathe Hight, Stephen D. Kairo, Moses T. K. Bloem, Stephanie TI HOST SPECIFICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF TRICHOGRAMMA FUENTESI (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE), A POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL AGENT OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE egg parasitoids; Cactoblastis cactorum; cactus moth; host range testing; non-target effects ID NORTH-AMERICA; MOTH AB Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a non-native moth attacking prickly pear cactus, Opuntia spp., in southeastern U.S. The insect is also an important threat to ecological systems and to native and endangered Opuntia spp. in southwestern USA. The egg parasitoid Trichogramma fuentesi Torre (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was discovered attacking wild C. cactorum in Florida. To evaluate the potential effect of inundative releases of T fuentesi against C. cactorum, the host searching behavior of T fuentesi on C. cactorum eggs and host suitability of selected lepidopteran eggs were studied in the laboratory. Host suitability was studied on the native blue cactus moth, Melitara prodenialis Walker, and 6 selected species of butterfly eggs [Danaus plexippus (L.), Dryas iulia (Hubner), Junonia coenia (Hubner), Papilio glaucus (L.), Papilio polyxenes (F.), and Vanessa cardui (L.)] to assess the potential for non-target effects from T fuentesi. The proportion of parasitism of the native cactus moth (M. prodenialis) was 98%; significantly higher than the non-native cactus moth, C. cactorum (11% average parasitism rate). The high proportion of parasitism for all native non-target species tested and the lowest proportion of parasitism for the exotic target species suggested that T fuentesi not be considered for inundative releases in a biological control approach against C. cactorum. C1 [Paraiso, Oulimathe] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Hight, Stephen D.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Kairo, Moses T. K.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Sch Agr & Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. [Bloem, Stephanie] USDA, CPHST, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Paraiso, O (reprint author), Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM oulimathe.paraiso@freshfromflorida.com FU FAMU-USDA-APHIS [07-10-8100-0755-CA] FX We thank Shalom Benton (FAMU-College of Agriculture) for field surveys and laboratory assistance, and Chris Albanese, Michael Getman, and John Mass (USDA-ARS, Tallahassee, Florida) for field assistance. We also thank Susan Drawdy, Robert Caldwell, and Jim Carpenter (USDA-ARS, Tifton, Georgia) for providing C. cactorum host eggs, Richard Stouthamer (University of California, Riverside, California) for Trichogramma identifications, and Stuart Reitz (USDA-ARS, Tallahassee, Florida) for assistance with statistical analysis. Earlier versions of this manuscript were improved by Muhammad Haseeb (FAMU-College of Agriculture and Food Sciences) and 2 anonymous reviewers. This work was funded under the FAMU-USDA-APHIS Cooperative Agreement, 07-10-8100-0755-CA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 30 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1305 EP 1310 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500009 ER PT J AU Serikawa, RH Backus, EA Rogers, ME AF Serikawa, R. H. Backus, E. A. Rogers, M. E. TI PROBING BEHAVIORS OF ADULT ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID (HEMIPTERA: LIVIIDAE) ARE NOT APPRECIABLY AFFECTED BY SOIL APPLICATION OF FIELD-RATE ALDICARB TO CITRUS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Diaphorina citri; electrical penetration graph; feeding disruption; insect behavior; insecticide ID DIAPHORINA-CITRI; TEMIK; TRANSMISSION; PARAMETERS; HOMOPTERA; INSECTS; FLORIDA; GROWTH; COTTON; YIELD AB In 2005, Huanglongbing disease (HLB), also known as citrus greening, was discovered in Florida. The presumptive causal agent of this disease is the phloem-limited bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las) which is spread by the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama). Following the discovery of HLB, insecticide use for control of the vector has increased dramatically. One such insecticide is aldicarb, a soil-applied systemic carbamate insecticide that has been used in Florida citrus since the 1970's for both control of insect and mite pests and for its potential plant growth promoting benefits. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soil-applications of aldicarb to citrus on the feeding behavior of D. citri, including whether this systemic insecticide disrupts feeding behaviors responsible for Las transmission. To achieve this goal, an electrical penetration graph monitor was used to examine D. citri feeding behavior when given a feeding access period of 12 h on aldicarb-treated and untreated citrus plants. Results showed no reduction in D. citri probing behaviors between treatments, and no insects died during recordings. Unexpectedly, at the cohort level, both phloem salivation and phloem ingestion were significantly longer on aldicarb-treated compared with untreated plants, suggesting that aldicarb application may increase the likelihood of Las transmission. Although registration of aldicarb for use in the U.S. has been discontinued for the last year, it has been reregistered for use in certain crops that may include citrus in the future. Thus, there is renewed importance in understanding the effects of aldicarb and other insecticides applied to suppress insect-transmitted diseases. C1 [Serikawa, R. H.; Rogers, M. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Backus, E. A.] ARS, USDA, Crop Dis Pest & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Rogers, ME (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM mrgrs@ufl.edu FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank T. A. Ebert, H. E. Anderson, P. Mariner, and R. A. Schumann for assistance with this project. Reviews provided by two anonymous reviewers also helped to improve this manuscript. This project was supported by a grant from the Citrus Research and Development Foundation. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 15 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1334 EP 1342 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500012 ER PT J AU Godfrey, KE Galindo, C Patt, JM Luque-Williams, M AF Godfrey, K. E. Galindo, C. Patt, J. M. Luque-Williams, M. TI EVALUATION OF COLOR AND SCENT ATTRACTANTS USED TO TRAP AND DETECT ASIAN CTIRUS PSYLLID (HEMIPTERA: LIVIIDAE) IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE citrus greening disease; huanglongbing; chemical ecology; sampling ID DIAPHORINA-CITRI HEMIPTERA; BIOLOGY; GROVES; MANAGEMENT; ABUNDANCE; FLORIDA; SHOOTS AB The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is a serious pest of citrus due to its ability to vector the putative causal agent of huanglongbing, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus'. Populations of Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) can increase in density in urban areas and then move out into adjacent commercial citrus production. Current presence/absence detection methods for ACP in urban areas rely on the use of yellow sticky traps without a scent lure. This method was selected because of its accepted use in commercial production, however, in urban areas it may not be the most efficient method for trapping ACP. Therefore, we investigated the relative trapping efficiency of 4 different colored traps (2 hues of yellow and 2 hues of green) and the addition of 2 scent lures to yellow sticky traps. The lures were based on the volatiles emitted either from flush growth of Eureka lemon or Mexican lime. The tests were conducted in residential areas in Los Angeles, California in 2011. All of the sites were dooryard sites and trapping was done with homeowner permission. There were no statistically significant differences in trap catch between the yellow and green traps, suggesting that any of the traps tested could be used for ACP detection in an urban environment. There was no correlation between flush density and trap catches. The host plant on which the colored traps were placed did not significantly influence trap catch, although numerically more ACP adults were captured on lemon and lime trees, regardless of trap color. When scent lures were added to yellow sticky traps, no statistically significant differences were found between traps with lures and those without lures, regardless of host plant. Trapping studies for ACP in the urban environment need to be continued using more sample sites to determine if the addition of scent lures based on plant volatiles will increase trap catches. C1 [Godfrey, K. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Contained Res Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Galindo, C.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Pest Detect Project, Van Nuys, CA 91402 USA. [Galindo, C.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Emergency Project, Van Nuys, CA 91402 USA. [Patt, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Luque-Williams, M.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Pest Detect Project, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Luque-Williams, M.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Emergency Project, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Godfrey, KE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Contained Res Facil, 555 Hopkins Rd, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU California Department of Food and Agriculture, Pest Detection and Emergency Projects Branch; USDAAgricultural Research Service FX We acknowledge the assistance in the field of CDFA trappers. We also thank Drs. David Hall and Michael Pitcairn for reviewing an earlier draft of this manuscript. This study was supported by the California Department of Food and Agriculture, Pest Detection and Emergency Projects Branch and the USDAAgricultural Research Service. Mention of a commercial product does not represent an endorsement of the product by CDFA, USDA, or UCD. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 35 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1406 EP 1416 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500020 ER PT J AU Kendra, PE Ploetz, RC Montgomery, WS Niogret, J Pena, JE Brar, GS Epsky, ND AF Kendra, Paul E. Ploetz, Randy C. Montgomery, Wayne S. Niogret, Jerome Pena, Jorge E. Brar, Gurpreet S. Epsky, Nancy D. TI EVALUATION OF LITCHI CHINENSIS FOR HOST STATUS TO XYLEBORUS GLABRATUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LAUREL WILT DISEASE SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Redbay ambrosia beetle; lychee; laurel wilt; Litchi chinensis; Raffaelea lauricola ID REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ELECTROANTENNOGRAM RESPONSES; RAFFAELEA-LAURICOLA; MANUKA OIL; PHOEBE OIL; ATTRACTION; EMISSIONS; LAURACEAE; PATHOGEN AB The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is an exotic wood-boring pest that vectors Raffaelea lauricola T.C. Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva (Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae), the etiologic agent of laurel wilt. To date, all confirmed U.S. hosts of X. glabratus and suscepts of laurel wilt are members of the family Lauraceae. However, in previous research, an unknown variety of lychee, Litchi chinensis Sonn. (Sapindales: Sapindaceae), was found to be highly attractive to X. glabratus and elicited boring behaviors. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate two commercial cultivars of lychee, 'Brewster' and 'Mauritius', for susceptibility to attack by X. glabratus, for transmission of R. lauricola, and for development of laurel wilt disease. In no-choice laboratory bioassays, 35 and 44% of females bored into cut bolts of 'Mauritius' and 'Brewster', respectively. Similar boring was observed on the trunks of two live 'Brewster' trees; but after 3 mo, there was no evidence of beetle reproduction, no symptoms of laurel wilt, and no recovery of R. lauricola from tissue associated with beetle galleries. Lychee trees artificially inoculated with an isolate of R. lauricola (RL4) that kills lauraceous hosts of this pathogen were asymptomatic after 1 mo, and assays for R. lauricola were negative. Chemical analysis indicated that lychee emits several sesquiterpene constituents in common with the Lauraceae, but at lower levels. Based on these data, we conclude that L. chinensis, although attractive to female X. glabratus, is not a likely reproductive host. This may be due to the inability of lychee wood to support growth of R. lauricola, the presumed primary nutritional symbiont of X. glabratus. C1 [Kendra, Paul E.; Montgomery, Wayne S.; Niogret, Jerome; Epsky, Nancy D.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Ploetz, Randy C.; Pena, Jorge E.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Brar, Gurpreet S.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Kendra, PE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM paul.kendra@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-AIRS National Plant Disease Recovery System; NIFA Critical Issues Grant; Florida Avocado Administrative Committee FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dale Stennett (USDA-ARS, Miami, Florida) for air-layering the large diam 'Brewster' trees used in the field infestation study; Jill Ploetz and Josh Konkol (UF-TREC, Homestead, Florida) for conducting laboratory and greenhouse assays with R. lauricola; Mike Winterstein (USDA-ARS, Miami, Florida) for assistance with the USDA-ARS germplasm collection; Nicole Ranalli (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission) for permission to conduct field experiments at Royce Ranch, Lake Wales Ridge Wildlife Management Area (Lake Placid, Florida); Hilary Swain for providing laboratory space at Archbold Biological Station (Lake Placid, Florida); and the anonymous journal reviewers for helpful suggestions with the manuscript. This work was supported in part by the USDA-AIRS National Plant Disease Recovery System, a NIFA Critical Issues Grant, and the Florida Avocado Administrative Committee. This report presents the results of research only; mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement by the USDA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1442 EP 1453 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500024 ER PT J AU Gavilanez-Slone, J Porter, SD AF Gavilanez-Slone, Jenny Porter, Sanford D. TI COLONY GROWTH OF TWO SPECIES OF SOLENOPSIS FIRE ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) REARED WITH CRICKETS AND BEEF LIVER SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE artificial diets; development; mass rearing; Solenopsis invicta; Solenopsis geminata; beef liver; Acheta domesticus; Gryllodes sigillatus ID INVICTA BUREN; LABORATORY COLONIES; BROOD PRODUCTION; DIET; FOOD; IMPACT; TEMPERATURE; PREDATOR; LARVAE; RATES AB Most diets for rearing fire ants and other ants contain insects such as crickets or mealworms. Unfortunately, insect diets are expensive, especially for large rearing operations, and are not always easily available or uniformly effective. This study was designed to examine colony growth of Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) fire ants fed beef liver. Five experiments were performed: four with Solenopsis invicta Buren colonies and one with Solenopsis geminata (F.) colonies. In these experiments, we compared the net growth of colonies fed raw liver, boiled liver-agar, and/or raw liver-agar all with house crickets (Acheta domesticus, (L.); Orthoptera: Gryllidae) as a standard diet. Both liver and house cricket diets produced healthy growing colonies at the end of 6-8 wk. However, colonies fed crickets were 1.7 to 3 times larger than those fed with liver. Raw liver and raw liver-agar diets performed similarly. Boiling the liver significantly reduced colony growth in S. geminata, but liver boiled for as long as 45 min still produced healthy fire ant colonies. This study demonstrates that beef liver is an acceptable diet for rearing laboratory colonies of both S. invicta and S. geminata for periods up to 6 months when maximum growth rates are not needed. However, house crickets are recommended for research studies where maximal growth is important because liver, mealworms, and banded crickets (Gryllodes sigillatus, F. Walker; Orthoptera: Gryllidae) are not as effective. Poor survival of liver-fed colonies after 8 months may indicate that beef liver is not an acceptable long-term diet. Pilot tests with canned liver cat food and a dry dog food showed they were palatable but not suitable for brood production in fire ant colonies. C1 [Gavilanez-Slone, Jenny; Porter, Sanford D.] ARS, Imported Fire Ant & Household Insects Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Porter, SD (reprint author), ARS, Imported Fire Ant & Household Insects Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM sanford.porter@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1482 EP 1488 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500028 ER PT J AU Rondon, SI Pantoja, A Hagerty, A Horneck, DA AF Rondon, Silvia I. Pantoja, Alberto Hagerty, Aaron Horneck, Donald A. TI GROUND BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) POPULATIONS IN COMMERCIAL ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL POTATO PRODUCTION SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE biological control; conventional agriculture; generalist; ground beetles; organic agriculture; sustainable systems ID DWELLING ARTHROPODS; NATURAL ENEMIES; PITFALL TRAPS; TILLAGE CORN; NO-TILL; AGRICULTURE; PREDATORS; SYSTEMS; CROP; AGROECOSYSTEMS AB In 2 consecutive years, ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) were sampled in commercial organic and conventional potato fields, using pit fall traps. Four conventional and 3 organic potato fields were surveyed to determine ground beetle taxa composition. In a related study, potato fields were assigned to 1 of 4 transitional systems to include: organic, no spray (usually referred to as no control and/or only OMRI certified control), IPM-conventional (directed control, after sampling) and conventional (broad spectrum pesticides) systems. Seven taxa of ground beetles were identified: Anisodactylus kerbyi Lindroth 1953, Amara sp., Bembidion sp., Calosoma cancellatum Eschscholtz 1833, Calathus ruficollis Casey 1920, Calathus ingratus Dejean 1828, and Pterostichus adstrictus Eschscholtz 1823. With the exception of C. cancellatum, which was not identified from organic fields in the first yr of this study, all taxa were collected in both organic and conventional potato fields both yr. Based on total number of specimens collected, Bembidion sp., R adstrictus and Amara sp. represented 42.8% of the total specimens collected. The smallest number of ground beetles was collected from no spray and IPM-conventional systems. This study provides basic valuable information regarding beetles populations for growers making transition from conventional to organic potato production. C1 [Rondon, Silvia I.; Horneck, Donald A.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. [Pantoja, Alberto] ARS, USDA, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Hagerty, Aaron] ARS, USDA, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Rondon, SI (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr Res & Extens Ctr, 2121 S First St, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. EM silvia.rondon@oregonstate.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 24 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1492 EP 1499 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500030 ER PT J AU Esparza-Diaz, G Olguin, A Carta, LK Skantar, AM Villanueva, RT AF Esparza-Diaz, Gabriela Olguin, Alma Carta, Lynn K. Skantar, Andrea M. Villanueva, Raul T. TI DETECTION OF RHYNCHOPHORUS PALMARUM (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) AND IDENTIFICATION OF ASSOCIATED NEMATODES IN SOUTH TEXAS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Bursaphelenchus; invasive pest; South American palm weevil; sugarcane ID N. SP NEMATODA; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; FERRUGINEUS COLEOPTERA; WEEVIL; PARASITAPHELENCHIDAE; RHABDITIDAE; CRUENTATUS; SYSTEM AB This study reports a survey conducted to find the South American palm weevil Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) and the red palm weevil R. ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), 2 invasive species of palm trees. The study was performed in the Rio Grande Valley of south Texas and near the border with Tamaulipas state, Mexico. A total of 40 traps were inspected biweekly from 26 Sep 2011 to 20 Sep 2012 and 4 traps were inspected from 20 Sep 2012 to 4 Sep 2013. To attract R. palmarum and R. ferrugineus, the lures 2-methylhept-5-en-4-ol and 4-methyl-5-nonanol were used, respectively. We used these lures in combination with sugar and the ethyl acetate aggregation kairomone for both species, plus an ethylene glycol kill solution. Two specimens of R. palmarum were found and identified next to a commercial palm plantation on 11 Mar and 5 May 2012 near the city of Alamo, Texas, but no R. ferrugineus was detected during the entire study. Nematodes found in the 2 R. palmarum specimens were dauer juveniles of the order Rhabditida, and in one of these weevils only 1 nematode of an undetermined species within the family Aphelenchoididae was found. It is of great importance that Bursaphelenchus cocophilus Cobb Baujard (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchinae), the nematode causal agent of coconut red ring disease, was not found within these insects. This is the first detection of R. palmarum in Texas, and the second in the United States. C1 [Esparza-Diaz, Gabriela; Olguin, Alma; Villanueva, Raul T.] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Carta, Lynn K.; Skantar, Andrea M.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20905 USA. RP Esparza-Diaz, G (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, 2401 East Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM gesparzadiaz@ag.tamu.edu FU CAPS-USDA-APHIS; Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service FX We express our gratitude for the weevil identification to Kira Metz USDA-APHIS PPQ in College Station Texas, Jenz Prena of USDA-ARS Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Maryland and National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC. We thank Jonathan Martinez, Teresa Salazar, and Avan Guerra for their technical assistance. This work was supported in part by funds from the CAPS-USDA-APHIS, and by support of the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service. Mention of a trade name or commercial product in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1513 EP 1521 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500033 ER PT J AU Mankin, RW Rohde, BB Mcneill, SA Paris, TM Zagvazdina, NI Greenfeder, S AF Mankin, R. W. Rohde, B. B. Mcneill, S. A. Paris, T. M. Zagvazdina, N. I. Greenfeder, S. TI DIAPHORINA CITRI (HEMIPTERA: LIVIIDAE) RESPONSES TO MICROCONTROLLER-BUZZER COMMUNICATION SIGNALS OF POTENTIAL USE IN VIBRATION TRAPS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Asian citrus psyllid; behavior; acoustic; detection ID PSYLLIDAE; PATTERNS; BIOLOGY AB Monitoring of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) populations is an important component of efforts to reduce damage caused by huanglongbing, a devastating disease it vectors in citrus groves. Currently, D. citri is monitored primarily by unbaited sticky traps or visual inspection of trees. A potentially more effective method might result from attracting males to vibrational communications produced by females. Males call with wing-buzzing substrate-borne vibrations while searching for females on tree branches and stems. When nearby receptive females detect the calls, they reply immediately in synchronized duets that help direct the males towards them. The spectral and temporal patterns of the duets have been analyzed in previous studies and have been mimicked successfully with computer-operated vibration exciters. Males and females both respond to signals produced by either sex but display different behaviors during duets. To devise practical methods to attract and trap males with vibrational signals in field environments, a microcontroller platform was tested for capability to control inexpensive vibration sensing and output devices. The microcontroller was programmed to send mimics of different D. citri signals to a piezo buzzer for substrate-borne broadcast. A mimic that elicited strong female responses was tested in bioassays that jointly compared it with other previously bioassayed signals, and the response to the mimic was found to be statistically comparable to that elicited by a recorded male call. The successful result suggests there is opportunity to develop microcontroller systems further as a means of trapping psyllids. C1 [Mankin, R. W.; Mcneill, S. A.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Rohde, B. B.] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Paris, T. M.; Zagvazdina, N. I.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Greenfeder, S.] Univ Florida, Dept Mech Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Richard.Mankin@ars.usda.gov FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank Betty Weaver, Jane Sharp, and Everett Foreman (USDA ARS CMAVE) for insect rearing, bioassay testing, and signal analysis assistance. Funding was provided in part by a grant from the Citrus Research and Development Foundation. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the USDA of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1546 EP 1555 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500037 ER PT J AU Porter, SD Kumar, V Calcaterra, LA Briano, JA Seal, DR AF Porter, Sanford D. Kumar, Vivek Calcaterra, Luis A. Briano, Juan A. Seal, Dakshina R. TI RELEASE AND ESTABLISHMENT OF THE LITTLE DECAPITATING FLY PSEUDACTEON CULTELLATUS (DIPTERA: PHORIDAE) ON IMPORTED FIRE ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IN FLORIDA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Solenopsis invicta; biological control; field release ID SOLENOPSIS-SAEVISSIMA COMPLEX; INVICTA VIRUS 3; SOUTH-AMERICA; CURVATUS DIPTERA; FLIES DIPTERA; NORTH FLORIDA; WORKER SIZE; PARASITOIDS; POPULATIONS; POLYGYNE AB The little decapitating fly Pseudacteon cultellatus Borgmeier (Diptera: Phoridae) from Argentina was released as a self-sustaining biological control agent against the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Florida to parasitize small fire ant workers associated with multiple-queen colonies. This fly appears to be established at 2 of 5 release sites, but populations still remain very low (<= 1% of total Pseudacteon flies) and localized more than 2 yr after their release. Further releases of P. cultellatus in the United States should be limited to a few additional sites in different habitats or climatic regions where this fly might be more successful. C1 [Porter, Sanford D.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Kumar, Vivek; Seal, Dakshina R.] Univ Florida, Trop Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Calcaterra, Luis A.; Briano, Juan A.] Fdn Estudio Especies Invasivas, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Porter, SD (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM sanford.porter@ars.usda.gov RI Kumar, Vivek/E-5777-2016 OI Kumar, Vivek/0000-0003-1988-2536 FU USDA-APHIS, PPQ FX Darrell Hall (USDA-ARS, Gainesville) is thanked for his assistance with ant rearing, field releases, and monitoring efforts. Cynthia Vann (USDA-ARS, Gainesville) is thanked for managing fly rearing efforts. Field release of P. cultellatus would not have been possible if Charlie Brown (USDA-APHIS, PPQ, Riverdale, Maryland) had not personally shepherded a FONSI (Finding of No Significant Impact) through regulatory channels. Orlando Coy (South Florida Water Management District) and Dallas Hazelton (Miami-Dade County Park and Recreation Dept.) guided us in finding potential release sites in the Miami area. Jason Smith (South Florida Water Management District) is thanked for his persistent efforts in obtaining approval for fly releases on Water Management District land. DeWayne Shoemaker (USDA-ARS, Gainesville), Kelly Loftin, Sim Barrow (both Univ. of Arkansas), and two anonymous reviewers read a draft of this paper and provided valuable comments. A Porter family fund covered unexpected international travel and shipping expenses for the flies. Funding provided by USDA-APHIS, PPQ assisted substantially with rearing and release efforts. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1567 EP 1573 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500040 ER PT J AU Tomic-Carruthers, N Mahoney, N Walters, M Claus, J Tang, GL AF Tomic-Carruthers, Nada Mahoney, Noreen Walters, Michelle Claus, John Tang, Guolei TI HPLC METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF RED DYE FROM MARKED PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE sterile insect technique (SIT); pink bollworm; rearing; chromatography; cotton ID LARVAL DIET; MOTHS; EGGS AB We describe an HPLC analytical technique for detection of minute amounts of oil-based Red 26 dye used for marking insects. Chromatographic separation was achieved by an isocratic elution on an Inertsil 100A, 5 mu silica column using hexane: isopropyl alcohol (98:2) as the mobile phase and with absorption detection at 520 nm. This newly developed technique is fast and very sensitive, with a detection threshold at 0.1 ng and quantitation down to 0.3 ng per pink bollworm adult. Using the newly developed technique we were able to correlate the titer of dye extracted from adult moths to the amount of dye included in the larval diet. This method is currently accepted by the U.S. cotton industry as a preferred technique for distinguishing artificial diet-reared sterile from wild pink bollworm moths. C1 [Tomic-Carruthers, Nada] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Mahoney, Noreen] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Walters, Michelle; Claus, John; Tang, Guolei] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Tomic-Carruthers, N (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM nada.t.carruthers@aphis.usda.gov FU international Pink Bollworm Eradication Program FX This work could not have been accomplished without the cooperation and support of the international Pink Bollworm Eradication Program, especially by Bob Staten, and by Larry Antilla, Leighton Leisner and Joahna Solis of the Arizona Cotton Research and Protection Council. We also thank our reviewers for providing helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1574 EP 1578 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500041 ER PT J AU Paraiso, O Hight, SD Kairo, MTK Bloem, S AF Paraiso, Oulimathe Hight, Stephen D. Kairo, Moses T. K. Bloem, Stephanie TI NOTES ON THE OVIPOSITIONAL BEHAVIOR OF TRICHOGRAMMA FUENTESI (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE), AN EGG PARASITOID OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE drilling; drumming; grooming; host searching; resting ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; HOST; SINGLE AB Our study characterized host searching and oviposition ability of T. fuentesi. In general, female wasps walked to a C. cactorum egg, drummed over the surface, drilled into the chorion, and deposited an egg. Grooming and resting behaviors were observed infrequently and host feeding was never recorded. In a typical observation period of 60 min with eggs of the exotic C. cactorum, female parasitoids spent 16% of their time drumming, 4% drilling, and 8% egg laying into the selected host. Most of the oviposition behaviors happened in the first hour. C1 [Paraiso, Oulimathe] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Hight, Stephen D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Kairo, Moses T. K.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Sch Agr & Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. [Bloem, Stephanie] USDA CPHST, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Paraiso, O (reprint author), Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM oulimathe.paraiso@freshfromflorida.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1606 EP 1608 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500048 ER PT J AU Andress, E War, M Shelly, T AF Andress, Earl War, Mamadou Shelly, Todd TI EFFECT OF PRE-RELEASE STORAGE ON THE FLIGHT ABILITY OF STERILE MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE chilling; emergence tower; pre-release knockdown; relaxed condition; tower storage AB Although Mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann); Diptera: Tephritidae) of the same tsl Vienna-7 genetic sexing strain are mass-reared in Guatemala (GT medflies) and Hawaii (HW medffies), the GT flies appeared to suffered greater adverse effects (in terms of flight ability) from crowding in the emergence towers than did the HW flies. Possible reasons for this difference involve source-related differences in fly size and shipping time (relative to pupal age) and suggest that managers adopt flexible procedures in handling flies from different sources and with differing biological traits. C1 [Andress, Earl] USDA APHIS, Los Alamitos, CA 90720 USA. [War, Mamadou] CDFA, Los Alamitos, CA 90720 USA. [Shelly, Todd] USDA APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. RP Shelly, T (reprint author), USDA APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki St, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. EM todd.e.shelly@aphis.usda.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1615 EP 1617 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500051 ER PT J AU Paris, TM Rohde, BB Allan, SA Mankin, RW Stansly, PA AF Paris, Thomson M. Rohde, Barukh B. Allan, Sandra A. Mankin, Richard W. Stansly, Philip A. TI SYNCHRONIZED REARING OF MATED AND UNMATED DIAPHORINA CITRI (HEMIPTERA: LIVIIDAE) OF KNOWN AGE SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE citrus seedling; cone-tainer; mesh; Murraya paniculata; survivability ID PSYLLIDAE AB Methods were developed for synchronized rearing of unmated and mated Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama; Hemiptera: Liviidae) of known age in isolation chambers for behavioral studies. Maintenance and survival of nymphs and adults in the isolation chambers was improved over previous methods because the plants had more room to grow and the relative humidity was easier to keep within acceptable limits. C1 [Paris, Thomson M.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Rohde, Barukh B.] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Allan, Sandra A.; Mankin, Richard W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Stansly, Philip A.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Southwest Florida Res & Educ Ctr, IFAS, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM richard.mankin@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1631 EP 1634 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500056 ER PT J AU Tavares, WD Legaspi, JC Tavares, MT Nunez, E Pinto, R Zanuncio, JC AF Tavares, Wagner De Souza Legaspi, Jesusa Crisostomo Tavares, Marcelo Texeira Nunez, Enio Pinto, Rosenilson Zanuncio, Jose Cola TI BRACHYMERIA KOEHLERI (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDIDAE) AS A HYPERPARASITOID OF LESPESIA MELLOI (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE) PUPAE IN THAGONA TIBIALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE) CATERPILLARS IN BRAZIL SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID PALMISTICHUS-ELAEISIS DELVARE; EULOPHIDAE PARASITIZING PUPAE; PANDORA CRAWFORD HYMENOPTERA; CROTALARIA-JUNCEA FABACEAE; TERMINALIA-CATAPPA L.; NATURAL ENEMIES; NYMPHALIDAE; PAPILIONIDAE; PARASITOIDS; NOCTUIDAE AB Hyperparasitoids use the immature offspring of other parasitoids for their development, which may reduce the efficiency of biological control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hyperparasitoidism by Brachymeria koehleri Blanchard (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in Lespesia melloi Gil-Santana, Nunez & Nihei (Diptera: Tachinidae) pupae parasitizing Thagona tibialis Walker (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) caterpillars in Brazil. Fifty pupae of various ages of T tibialis were collected after the caterpillars had defoliated a Terminalia catappa L. (Combretaceae) plant on the campus of the Federal University of Vigosa (Vigosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil). Each pupae was held individually under controlled conditions until the emergence of either the lepidopteran or the parasitoid. Thirteen T tibialis pupae yielded L. melloi puparia, which resulted in the emergence of 8 L. melloi individuals, 1 B. koehleri female, and 4 unviable pupae. This is the first report of hyperparasitism by B. koehleri of L. melloi pupae parasitizing T tibialis caterpillars in Brazil. C1 [Tavares, Wagner De Souza] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitotecnia, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Legaspi, Jesusa Crisostomo] Florida A&M Univ, ARS, USDA, CMAVE,Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Tavares, Marcelo Texeira] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-29043900 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. [Nunez, Enio] Univ Severino Sombra, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-27700000 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Pinto, Rosenilson] Univ Estado Minas Gerais, Fac Engn, BR-35930314 Joao Monlevade, MG, Brazil. [Zanuncio, Jose Cola] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Anim, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Zanuncio, JC (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Anim, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM zanuncio@ufv.br NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1635 EP 1638 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 281EJ UT WOS:000329082500057 ER PT J AU McKinley, DC Briggs, RD Bartuska, AM AF McKinley, Duncan C. Briggs, Russell D. Bartuska, Ann M. TI When peer-reviewed publications are not enough! Delivering Science for natural resource management (Reprinted from Forest Policy and Economics, vol 21, pg 1) SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Reprint DE Forest management; Natural resource management; Citizen science; Participatory research; Public participation; Democracy ID PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH; CITIZEN-SCIENCE; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION BIOLOGISTS; SCIENTIFIC-KNOWLEDGE; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLICY; DECISION-MAKING; TECHNOLOGY; SOCIETY; PROGRAMS AB Over the last century, natural resource management on forest lands has shifted from a singular focus on resource extraction to many foci, such as recreation, tourism, conservation, view-scapes, cultural and spiritual values, sustainability, and other values. As a result, the information needs of land managers must now include social and cultural values. In addition, the public's interest in having greater participation in land management decisions and in generating scientific knowledge has never been greater. The generation of scientific knowledge which is expressed primarily through conventional means - such as peer-reviewed publications targeting academics and technology transfer (e.g., patents, licenses, agreements) primarily for government and industry - does not always satisfy the needs of resource managers and public. In recent decades, there has been rapid growth of methods to help bridge this gap by better connecting new knowledge and knowledge generation with public needs. The U.S. Forest Service is making science delivery as important goal as science creation, including structural institutional changes at the interface among researchers, resource managers, and the public, allocating an appropriate portion of project funding specifically for delivery. The Forest Service is considering increasing its use of citizen science and participatory research - which brings resource managers, decision makers, and the public into the research process to varying extents - as part of the agency's science delivery efforts. Here we explore citizen science and participatory research as possible vehicles to augment existing science delivery efforts from the perspective of a federal land management agency. We found that these mechanisms facilitate public involvement in fundamentally different ways. Depending on the type of research and desired use of research outcomes, either citizen science or participatory research could enhance the use of science in some natural resource management discussions, possibly leading to supportable solutions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McKinley, Duncan C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Briggs, Russell D.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Bartuska, Ann M.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP McKinley, DC (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Res & Dev, 1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM dcmckinley@fs.fed.us; rdbriggs@esf.edu; Ann.Bartuska@osec.usda.gov NR 112 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 EI 1872-7050 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 37 SI SI BP 9 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2013.09.004 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 282CA UT WOS:000329146700002 ER PT J AU Coates, BS Sumerford, DV Siegfried, BD Hellmich, RL Abel, CA AF Coates, Brad S. Sumerford, Douglas V. Siegfried, Blair D. Hellmich, Richard L. Abel, Craig A. TI Unlinked genetic loci control the reduced transcription of aminopeptidase N 1 and 3 in the European corn borer and determine tolerance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab toxin SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crystalline (cry) toxin resistance; Gene network; Gene regulation ID OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; COTTON BOLLWORM; BT COTTON; MIDGUT; BINDING; EVOLUTION; PROTEINS AB Transgenic expression of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystalline (Cry) toxins by crop plants result in reduced insect feeding damage, but sustainability is threatened by the development of resistance traits in target insect populations. We investigated Bt toxin resistance trait in a laboratory colony of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, selected for increased survival when exposed to Cry1Ab and correlated survival on Cry1Ab toxin with a constitutive 146.2 +/- 17.3-fold reduction in midgut aminopeptidase N1 (apn1) transcript levels. A 7.1 +/- 1.9-fold reduction apn3 transcript level was also correlated with Cry1Ab resistance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified a single major genome region controlling Cry1Ab resistance on linkage group 24 (LG24), and a minor QTL on LG27. Both QTL were independent of apn1 and apn3 loci on LG02. Positional mapping identified genetic markers that may assist in the identification of causal gene(s) within QTL intervals. This study indicates that genetic factor(s) may act in trans to reduce both apn1 and apn3 expression in Cry1Ab resistant O. nubilalis larvae, and suggest that gene regulatory pathways can influence Bt resistance traits. These findings show that gene interactions. (epistasis) may influence Bt resistance in target insect populations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Coates, Brad S.; Sumerford, Douglas V.; Hellmich, Richard L.; Abel, Craig A.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Coates, Brad S.; Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Siegfried, Blair D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Coates, BS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, CICGRU, Genet Lab 113, Pammel Dr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.coates@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service (ARS) (CRIS Project) [3625-22000-017-00]; Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA [3543]; USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2009-05246] FX This research was a joint contribution from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) (CRIS Project 3625-22000-017-00), the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA (Project 3543), and the University of Nebraska. Funding also was provided by a USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) (Award Number 2009-05246). The authors wish to thank USDA Technicians Bob Gunnarson, Cindy Backus and Jean Dyer for contributions to genotyping and insect rearing procedures. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by USDA, Iowa State University or the University of Nebraska for its use. NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 EI 1879-0240 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 IS 12 BP 1152 EP 1160 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.09.003 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 283VD UT WOS:000329274200009 PM 24121099 ER PT J AU Sparks, JT Vinyard, BT Dickens, JC AF Sparks, Jackson T. Vinyard, Bryan T. Dickens, Joseph C. TI Gustatory receptor expression in the labella and tarsi of Aedes aegypti SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gustatory receptor; Taste; Aedes aegypti; Labella; Tarsi ID TETRAVALENT DENGUE VACCINE; CANDIDATE TASTE RECEPTORS; CARBON-DIOXIDE RECEPTOR; YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; HOST-SEEKING BEHAVIOR; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; CULISETA-INORNATA; RNA-SEQ; OLFACTORY RECEPTORS; ANOPHELES-STEPHENSI AB The yellow-fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, infects a growing number of people every year with dengue, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses. Contact chemoreception in mosquitoes influences a number of behaviors including host-selection, oviposition and feeding. While these behaviors are in many instances well documented, the molecular mechanisms mediating them are not well understood. Here we report the results of sequencing total messenger RNA in the labella and tarsi of both male and female Ae. aegypti to reveal Gustatory Receptor (GR) gene expression profiles in these major gustatory appendages. Gene expression levels in each tissue were verified by RT-qPCR. We discuss potential functions for the GRs revealed here by considering homologous GRs in other insects. Specific GRs provide molecular targets for modification of gustatory-mediated behaviors in this important disease vector. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sparks, Jackson T.; Dickens, Joseph C.] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Vinyard, Bryan T.] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dickens, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC, PSI, IIBBL, Bldg 007,Rm 030,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joseph.dickens@ars.usda.gov FU Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX 6 The authors thank Dr. Shawn E. Levy and Nripesh Prasad of the Genomics Services Lab at the Hudson-Alpha Institute for Biotechnology for RNA sequencing and data analyses; Dr. Hugh Robertson, Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for Ae. aegypti putative GR sequences and Dr. Jonathan D. Bohbot of our group for the mosquito illustration in Fig. 2 and graphical abstract. We are grateful to Dr. Rick Jones USDA, ARS, GIFVL, Beltsville, MD for advice and Drs. Richard Vogt, Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina and Daniel Strickman for critical review of manuscript. We also thank Kevin Nyberg, Department of Biology, University of Maryland for assistance with bioinformatic screens. This work was supported in part by a grant to J.C.D. from the Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program funded by the Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). NR 94 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 EI 1879-0240 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 IS 12 BP 1161 EP 1171 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.10.005 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 283VD UT WOS:000329274200010 PM 24157615 ER PT J AU Zhao, XY Wang, Q Li, S Ge, FR Zhou, LZ McCormick, S Zhang, Y AF Zhao, Xin-Ying Wang, Qun Li, Sha Ge, Fu-Rong Zhou, Liang-Zi McCormick, Sheila Zhang, Yan TI The juxtamembrane and carboxy-terminal domains of Arabidopsis PRK2 are critical for ROP-induced growth in pollen tubes SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Actin microfilaments; CRIB; polar growth; receptor kinase; ROP GTPases ID PATTERN-RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; POLAR CELL-GROWTH; TIP GROWTH; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACTIN DYNAMICS; IN-VITRO; KINASES; GTPASES; FAMILY; PLANT AB Polarized growth of pollen tubes is a critical step for successful reproduction in angiosperms and is controlled by ROP GTPases. Spatiotemporal activation of ROP (Rho GTPases of plants) necessitates a complex and sophisticated regulatory system, in which guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RopGEFs) are key components. It was previously shown that a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase, Arabidopsis pollen receptor kinase 2 (AtPRK2), interacted with RopGEF12 for its membrane recruitment. However, the mechanisms underlying AtPRK2-mediated ROP activation in vivo are yet to be defined. It is reported here that over-expression of AtPRK2 induced tube bulging that was accompanied by the ectopic localization of ROP-GTP and the ectopic distribution of actin microfilaments. Tube depolarization was also induced by a potentially kinase-dead mutant, AtPRK2(K366R), suggesting that the over-expression effect of AtPRK2 did not require its kinase activity. By contrast, deletions of non-catalytic domains in AtPRK2, i.e. the juxtamembrane (JM) and carboxy-terminal (CT) domains, abolished its ability to affect tube polarization. Notably, AtPRK2(K366R) retained the ability to interact with RopGEF12, whereas AtPRK2 truncations of these non-catalytic domains did not. Lastly, it has been shown that the JM and CT domains of AtPRK2 were not only critical for its interaction with RopGEF12 but also critical for its distribution at the plasma membrane. These results thus provide further insight into pollen receptor kinase-mediated ROP activation during pollen tube growth. C1 [Zhao, Xin-Ying; Wang, Qun; Li, Sha; Ge, Fu-Rong; Zhou, Liang-Zi; Zhang, Yan] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [McCormick, Sheila; Zhang, Yan] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [McCormick, Sheila; Zhang, Yan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM yzhang@sdau.edu.cn FU Major Research Plan from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2013CB945102]; NSFC [91017003]; United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System [5335-21000-030-00D]; Tai-Shan Scholar program from Shandong Provincial Government FX We thank the ABRC (http://www.Arabidopsis.org) for the T-DNA insertion lines and Dr Wei-Hua Tang for the mTalin construct. This research was supported by a Major Research Plan (2013CB945102) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and by a grant from NSFC (91017003), and by the United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System to SM (grant no. 5335-21000-030-00D). YZ's laboratory is partially supported by the Tai-Shan Scholar program from Shandong Provincial Government. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 EI 1460-2431 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 64 IS 18 BP 5599 EP 5610 DI 10.1093/jxb/ert323 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 281XZ UT WOS:000329135600014 PM 24136420 ER PT J AU Liang, CT AF Liang, Christina T. TI Movements and Habitat Use of Yosemite Toads (Anaxyrus (formerly Bufo) canorus) in the Sierra National Forest, California SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; CONSERVATION; AMPHIBIANS; WETLANDS; HISTORY AB The Yosemite Toad (Anaxyrus (formerly Bufo) canorus) is a high-elevation species endemic to the central Sierra Nevada mountain range in California whose populations are in decline. There is limited information on their terrestrial movement and habitat use, which impairs our understanding of the ecology and habitat needs of this sensitive species. I present radio-tracking data collected from 35 adult toads in the Sierra National Forest during daylight hours in the late spring and summer of 2007-2009. Movements, microsite cover type, and terrestrial habitat are analyzed and interpreted with regard to life-history characteristics of A. canorus. Adult toads moved a mean distance of 270 m from aquatic breeding sites, and the maximum distance recorded was 1.26 km. Females moved significantly longer distances than did males and had a larger home range. Distance traveled was related to ordinal day as well as the interaction between day and sex. Adult A. customs used terrestrial environments extensively and were found in the mixed-conifer forest in dry habitat. Burrows were the most commonly used cover type, but other protective cover such as logs, rocks, and tree stumps were also used. The locations occupied by adult toads in the terrestrial environment were structurally different than other surrounding areas; occupied sites had less canopy cover and fewer woody species than did unoccupied sites. The results of this study have implications for identifying population processes such as metapopulation dynamics, as well as for management purposes such as identifying sensitive habitat and establishing protective areas for A. canorus in the terrestrial environment. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Liang, CT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM christinaliang@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service-Pacific Southwest Research Station; Sierra National Forest; University of California, Davis FX I thank M. Thornton, C. White, A. Lind, R. Grasso, C. Brown, K. Kiehl, L. Wilkinson, J. Adair, C. Hunsaker, S. Barnes, and P. Strand for assistance and support on this project. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service-Pacific Southwest Research Station, the Sierra National Forest, and the University of California, Davis. Research animals for this study were collected under a California Department of Fish and Game Scientific Collecting Permit (SC-008621). This research was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of California, Davis (Protocols 12283 and 15318). NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 21 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 EI 1937-2418 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 47 IS 4 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1670/12-054 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 285TS UT WOS:000329418500007 ER PT J AU Al-Kappany, YM Abu-Elwafa, SA Hilali, M Rosenthal, BM Dunams, DB Dubey, JP AF Al-Kappany, Y. M. Abu-Elwafa, S. A. Hilali, M. Rosenthal, B. M. Dunams, D. B. Dubey, J. P. TI EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION OF SARCOCYSTIS MURIS (APICOMPLEXA: SARCOCYSTIDAE) SPOROCYSTS FROM A NATURALLY INFECTED CAT (FELIS CATUS) TO IMMUNOCOMPETENT AND IMMUNOCOMPROMISED MICE SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; CYCLIC TRANSMISSION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; LIFE-CYCLE; N-SP; RECOGNITION; PHYLOGENIES; IDAHOENSIS; COCCIDIA AB Cats serve as definitive hosts for zoonotic Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan that threatens human reproductive health, but they also excrete sporocysts of related protozoan that pose no known human health risk. Here we provide the first definitive evidence for natural infection with the enzootic parasite Sarcocystis muris, one such enzootic parasite. Sporulated Sarcocystis sp. sporocysts were found in rectal contents of an adult feral cat (Felis catus) in Giza, Egypt. After these sporocysts were orally inoculated into 2 Swiss Webster mice, sarcocysts were found to have developed in skeletal muscles 114 days later. As observed through transmission electron microscopy, the cyst wall corresponded to Type 1, and the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane had tiny outpocketing of blebs (<200 nm thick) that were not invaginated into the interior of the cyst; these structures were identical to the sarcocyst wall described for a Costa Rican isolate of S. muris that has served as an experimental model for nearly 4 decades. Two parasite-free cats fed sarcocyst-infected muscles developed patent infections; fully sporulated sporocysts (10-11 x 7.0 mu m) were found in the lamina propria of small intestines of cats killed 6 and 7 days postinoculation (PI). Interferon gamma gene knockout (KO) mice were orally inoculated with sporocysts from experimentally infected cats, and their tissues were examined histologically; sarcocysts were found in 5 KO mice killed 87, 115, 196, 196, 196 days PI, but no stages were seen in 5 KO mice 10, 14, 14, 18, and 39 days PI. Bradyzoites were released from intramuscular sarcocysts of a KO mouse killed 115 days PI and orally inoculated into 5 KO mice. No stage of Sarcocystis was found in any organ (including intestinal lamina propria) of KO mice killed 4, 8, 81, 190, and 190 days PI, confirming that the definitive host is required to complete the life cycle even in the case of immunodeficient mice. This is the first confirmation of S. muris infection in a naturally infected cat anywhere. C1 [Al-Kappany, Y. M.; Abu-Elwafa, S. A.; Hilali, M.; Rosenthal, B. M.; Dunams, D. B.; Dubey, J. P.] Mansoura Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Parasitol, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Hilali, Mosaad/O-9443-2016; OI A. Hilali, Mosaad/0000-0002-9930-8501; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 99 IS 6 BP 997 EP 1001 DI 10.1645/13-274.1 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 282JY UT WOS:000329168600010 PM 23758571 ER PT J AU Fayer, R AF Fayer, Ronald TI THOMAS KNOWLTON SAWYER 1929-2013 IN MEMORIAM SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fayer, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 99 IS 6 BP 1113 EP 1113 DI 10.1645/13-370.1 PG 1 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 282JY UT WOS:000329168600029 ER PT J AU Siqueira, DB Alessio, FM Mauffrey, JF Marvulo, MFV Ribeiro, VO Oliveira, RL Pena, HFJ Gennari, SM Mota, RA Faustino, MAG Alves, LC Dubey, JP Silva, JCR AF Siqueira, D. B. Alessio, F. M. Mauffrey, J. F. Marvulo, M. F. V. Ribeiro, V. O. Oliveira, R. L. Pena, H. F. J. Gennari, S. M. Mota, R. A. Faustino, M. A. G. Alves, L. C. Dubey, J. P. Silva, J. C. R. TI Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Wild Marsupials and Rodents from the Atlantic Forest of Pernambuco State, Northeastern Region, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SWINE FARMS; SAO-PAULO; ANTIBODIES; PREVALENCE; ANIMALS; MAMMALS; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; OOCYSTS AB Felids are important in the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii because they are the only hosts that can excrete the environmentally resistant oocysts in their feces. Cats acquire T. gondii infection in nature by ingesting tissues of small mammals and birds. Serum samples of 223 feral marsupials and 174 feral rodents captured in 7 segments of the Atlantic Forest of the State of Pernambuco, northeastern region of Brazil, and in urban areas of the municipality of Recife were examined for antibodies to T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies (MAT >= 25) were found in 6.7% (15 of 223) of the marsupials and 5.7% (10 of 174) of the rodents. No association was observed between seropositivity in marsupials or rodents and sex, age, or different areas of collection (P > 0.05). This is the first study on the seroprevalence of T. gondii in marsupials and rodents performed in the Atlantic Forest of the northeastern region of Brazil. The presence of antibodies to T. gondii are reported for the first time in long-furred woolly mouse opossum (Micoureus demerarae), murine mouse opossum (Marmosa murina), brown four-eyed opossum (Metachirus nudicaudatus), and gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica). C1 [Siqueira, D. B.; Ribeiro, V. O.; Oliveira, R. L.; Mota, R. A.; Faustino, M. A. G.; Alves, L. C.; Silva, J. C. R.] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Vet Med, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Alessio, F. M.; Mauffrey, J. F.] Univ Provence IRD, UMR 151, F-13331 Marseille 3, France. [Marvulo, M. F. V.] Inst Brasileiro Med Conservacao Triade, BR-52061030 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Pena, H. F. J.; Gennari, S. M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Silva, JCR (reprint author), Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Vet Med, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros S-N, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. EM jcramos@dmv.ufrpe.br FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq [478.229/2007-0]; Laboratoire Population Environment Development; Universite de Provence; AlBan Program FX We thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq for the financial support (process number: 478.229/2007-0) and to S. M. Gennari, R. A. Mota, and L. C. Alves for the scholarship; the Laboratoire Population Environment Development, Universite de Provence for financial and logistic support; the AlBan Program that awarded a doctoral fellowship to Filipe M. Alessio; to Vivien Lettry for editorial help; and the Administrators of the Conservation Units that participated in this study. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 99 IS 6 BP 1140 EP 1143 DI 10.1645/GE-2855.1 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 282JY UT WOS:000329168600036 PM 23829204 ER PT J AU Voli, MT Wegmann, KW Bohnenstiehl, DR Leithold, E Osburn, CL Polyakov, V AF Voli, Mark T. Wegmann, Karl W. Bohnenstiehl, DelWayne R. Leithold, Elana Osburn, Christopher L. Polyakov, Viktor TI Fingerprinting the sources of suspended sediment delivery to a large municipal drinking water reservoir: Falls Lake, Neuse River, North Carolina, USA SO JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Piedmont; Nonpoint-source pollutant; Total maximum daily load; Total suspended sediments; Radiocarbon; Magnetic susceptibility ID CATCHMENTS; STREAMS; SOIL; PROVENANCE; TRANSPORT; MARYLAND; HISTORY; STORAGE; LEGACY; URBAN AB We employ a geochemical-fingerprinting approach to estimate the source of suspended sediments collected from tributaries entering Falls Lake, a 50-km(2) drinking water reservoir on the Neuse River, North Carolina, USA. Many of the major tributaries to the lake are on North Carolina's 303(d) list for impaired streams, and in 2008, the lake was added to that list because of high values of turbidity, likely sourced from tributary streams. Suspended sediments were collected from four streams with a time-integrated sampler during high-flow events. In addition, composite sediment samples representing potential sources were collected from stream banks, forests, pastures, construction sites, dirt and paved roads, and road cuts within tributary basins. Radiocarbon dating and magnetic susceptibility measurements were used to determine the origin of stream bank alluvial deposits. Sediment samples were analyzed for the concentrations of 55 elements and two radionuclides in order to identify tracers capable of distinguishing between potential sediment sources. The relative sediment source contributions were determined by applying a Monte Carlo simulation that parameterized the geochemical tracer data in a mixing model. Radiocarbon and magnetic susceptibility measurements confirmed the presence of "legacy" sediment in the Ellerbe and New Light Creek valley bottoms. Mixing model results demonstrate that stream bank erosion is the largest contributor to the suspended sediment load in New Light Creek (62%), Ellerbe Creek (58%), and Little Lick Creek (33%), and is the second largest contributor in Lick Creek (27%) behind construction sites (43%). We find that stream bank erosion is the largest nonpoint source contributor to the suspended sediment load in three of the four catchments and is therefore a significant source of turbidity in Falls Lake. The presence of legacy sediment appears to coincide with increased contributions from stream bank erosion in Ellerbe and New Light creeks. Active construction sites and timber harvesting were also significant sources of suspended sediment. Water quality mitigation efforts need to consider nonpoint-source contributions from stream bank erosion of valley bottom sediments aggraded after European settlement. C1 [Voli, Mark T.; Wegmann, Karl W.; Bohnenstiehl, DelWayne R.; Leithold, Elana; Osburn, Christopher L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Polyakov, Viktor] USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. Inc, Versar, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. RP Wegmann, KW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, 2800 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM karl_wegmann@ncsu.edu OI Osburn, Christopher/0000-0002-9334-4202; Wegmann, Karl/0000-0001-8489-554X FU Sigma Xi FX The authors acknowledge funding from the Sigma Xi Grants-in-aid of Research program to M. Voli. We appreciate discussions with R. Fodor as to the geochemical differentiation of source and suspended sediment samples, and field assistance from R. Q. Lewis, S. F. Gallen, and N. Simmons. The comments and suggestions of the two anonymous reviewers and guest editor R. Mukundan greatly assisted in improving this manuscript. NR 69 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 35 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1439-0108 EI 1614-7480 J9 J SOIL SEDIMENT JI J. Soils Sediments PD DEC PY 2013 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1692 EP 1707 DI 10.1007/s11368-013-0758-3 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 248LH UT WOS:000326700800004 ER PT J AU Crous, PW Wingfield, MJ Guarro, J Cheewangkoon, R van der Bank, M Swart, WJ Stchigel, AM Cano-Lira, JF Roux, J Madrid, H Damm, U Wood, AR Shuttleworth, LA Hodges, CS Munster, M Yanez-Morales, MD Zuniga-Estrada, L Cruywagen, EM de Hoog, GS Silvera, C Najafzadeh, J Davison, EM Davison, PJN Barrett, MD Barrett, RL Manamgoda, DS Minnis, AM Kleczewski, NM Flory, SL Castlebury, LA Clay, K Hyde, KD Mausse-Sitoe, SND Chen, SF Lechat, C Hairaud, M Lesage-Meessen, L Pawlowska, J Wilk, M Sliwinska-Wyrzychowska, A Metrak, M Wrzosek, M Pavlic-Zupanc, D Maleme, HM Slippers, B Mac Cormack, WP Archuby, DI Grunwald, NJ Telleria, MT Duenas, M Martin, MP Marincowitz, S de Beer, ZW Perez, CA Gene, J Marin-Felix, Y Groenewald, JZ AF Crous, P. W. Wingfield, M. J. Guarro, J. Cheewangkoon, R. van der Bank, M. Swart, W. J. Stchigel, A. M. Cano-Lira, J. F. Roux, J. Madrid, H. Damm, U. Wood, A. R. Shuttleworth, L. A. Hodges, C. S. Munster, M. de Jesus Yanez-Morales, M. Zuniga-Estrada, L. Cruywagen, E. M. de Hoog, G. S. Silvera, C. Najafzadeh, J. Davison, E. M. Davison, P. J. N. Barrett, M. D. Barrett, R. L. Manamgoda, D. S. Minnis, A. M. Kleczewski, N. M. Flory, S. L. Castlebury, L. A. Clay, K. Hyde, K. D. Mausse-Sitoe, S. N. D. Chen, Shuaifei Lechat, C. Hairaud, M. Lesage-Meessen, L. Pawlowska, J. Wilk, M. Sliwinska-Wyrzychowska, A. Metrak, M. Wrzosek, M. Pavlic-Zupanc, D. Maleme, H. M. Slippers, B. Mac Cormack, W. P. Archuby, D. I. Gruenwald, N. J. Telleria, M. T. Duenas, M. Martin, M. P. Marincowitz, S. de Beer, Z. W. Perez, C. A. Gene, J. Marin-Felix, Y. Groenewald, J. Z. TI Fungal Planet description sheets: 154-213 SO PERSOONIA LA English DT Article DE ITS DNA barcodes; LSU; novel fungal species; systematics ID SP-NOV; COLLETOTRICHUM-SANSEVIERIAE; ANAMORPH GENUS; SOUTH-AFRICA; 1ST REPORT; PHYTOPHTHORA-IPOMOEAE; LEAF-BLIGHT; GENERA; PHYLOGENY; BOTRYOSPHAERIACEAE AB Novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from South Africa: Camarosporium aloes, Phaeococcomyces aloes and Phoma aloes from Aloe, C. psoraleae, Diaporthe psoraleae and D. psoraleae-pinnatae from Psoralea, Colletotrichum euphorbiae from Euphorbia, Coniothyrium prosopidis and Peyronellaea prosopidis from Prosopis, Diaporthe cassines from Cassine, D. diospyricola from Diospyros, Diaporthe maytenicola from Maytenus, Harknessia proteae from Protea, Neofusicoccum ursorum and N. cryptoaustrale from Eucalyptus, Ochrocladosporium adansoniae from Adansonia, Pilidium pseudoconcavum from Greyia radlkoferi, Stagonospora pseudopaludosa from Phragmites and Toxicocladosporium ficiniae from Ficinia. Several species were also described from Thailand, namely: Chaetopsina pini and C. pinicola from Pinus spp., Myrmecridium thailandicum from reed litter, Passalora pseudotithoniae from Tithonia, Pallidocercospora ventilago from Ventilago, Pyricularia bothriochloae from Bothriochloa and Sphaerulina rhododendricola from Rhododendron. Novelties from Spain include Cladophialophora multiseptata, Knufia tsunedae and Pleuroascus rectipilus from soil and Cyphellophora catalaunica from river sediments. Species from the USA include Bipolaris drechsleri from Microstegium, Calonectria blephiliae from Blephilia, Kellermania macrospora (epitype) and K. pseudoyuccigena from Yucca. Three new species are described from Mexico, namely Neophaeosphaeria agaves and K. agaves from Agave and Phytophthora ipomoeae from Ipomoea. Other African species include Calonectria mossambicensis from Eucalyptus (Mozambique), Harzia cameroonensis from an unknown creeper (Cameroon), Mastigosporella anisophylleae from Anisophyllea (Zambia) and Teratosphaeria terminaliae from Terminalia (Zimbabwe). Species from Europe include Auxarthron longi-sporum from forest soil (Portugal), Discosia pseudoartocreas from Tilia (Austria), Paraconiothyrium polonense and P. lycopodinum from Lycopodium (Poland) and Stachybotrys oleronensis from Iris (France). Two species of Chrysosporium are described from Antarctica, namely C. magnasporum and C. oceanitesii. Finally, Licea xanthospora is described from Australia, Hypochnicium huinayensis from Chile and Custingophora blanchettei from Uruguay. Novel genera of Ascomycetes include Neomycosphaerella from Pseudopentameris macrantha (South Africa), and Paramycosphaerella from Brachystegia sp. (Zimbabwe). Novel hyphomycete genera include Pseudocatenomycopsis from Rothmannia (Zambia), Neopseudocercospora from Terminalia (Zambia) and Neodeightoniella from Phragmites (South Africa), while Dimorphiopsis from Brachystegia (Zambia) represents a novel coelomycetous genus. Furthermore, Alanphillipsia is introduced as a new genus in the Botryosphaeriaceae with four species, A. aloes, A. aloeigena and A. aloetica from Aloe spp. and A. euphorbiae from Euphorbia sp. (South Africa). A new combination is also proposed for Brachysporium torulosum (Deightoniella black tip of banana) as Corynespora torulosa. Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are provided for all taxa. C1 [Crous, P. W.; Madrid, H.; Damm, U.; de Hoog, G. S.; Groenewald, J. Z.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Wingfield, M. J.; Roux, J.; Shuttleworth, L. A.; Cruywagen, E. M.; Mausse-Sitoe, S. N. D.; Chen, Shuaifei; Maleme, H. M.; Slippers, B.; Marincowitz, S.] Univ Pretoria, Forestry & Agr Biotechnol Inst, ZA-0028 Pretoria, South Africa. [Guarro, J.; Stchigel, A. M.; Cano-Lira, J. F.; Silvera, C.; Gene, J.; Marin-Felix, Y.] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Mycol Unit, E-43201 Reus, Spain. [Guarro, J.; Stchigel, A. M.; Cano-Lira, J. F.; Silvera, C.; Gene, J.; Marin-Felix, Y.] IISPV, Reus 43201, Spain. [Cheewangkoon, R.] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Pathol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [van der Bank, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Bot & Plant Biotechnol, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Swart, W. J.] Univ Orange Free State, Dept Plant Sci, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Wood, A. R.] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Hodges, C. S.; Munster, M.] N Carolina State Univ, Plant Dis & Insect Clin, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [de Jesus Yanez-Morales, M.] Colegio Postgrad, Mpio De Texcoco 56230, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. [Zuniga-Estrada, L.] Campo Expt Las Huastecas INIFAP, Cp 89610, Mexico. [Najafzadeh, J.] Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Ghaem Hosp, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Mashhad, Iran. [Najafzadeh, J.] Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Ghaem Hosp, Canc Mol Pathol Res Ctr, Mashhad, Iran. [Davison, E. M.] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Davison, E. M.; Barrett, M. D.; Barrett, R. L.] Western Australia Herbarium, Dept Pk & Wildlife, Bentley, WA 6983, Australia. [Barrett, M. D.; Barrett, R. L.] Kings Pk & Bot Gardens, Bot Gardens & Pk Author, Perth, WA 6005, Australia. [Barrett, M. D.; Barrett, R. L.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Manamgoda, D. S.; Castlebury, L. A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Manamgoda, D. S.; Hyde, K. D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Inst Excellence Fungal Res, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. [Minnis, A. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Kleczewski, N. M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19719 USA. [Flory, S. L.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Clay, K.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Lechat, C.] Ascofrance, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France. [Lesage-Meessen, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, INRA, UMR BCF, CP925, F-13288 Marseille 09, France. [Pawlowska, J.] Univ Warsaw, Dept Systemat & Plant Geog, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Wilk, M.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Individual Studies Math & Nat Sci, Coll Inter, Warsaw, Poland. [Sliwinska-Wyrzychowska, A.] Jan Dlugosz Univ, Inst Chem Environm Protect & Biotechnol, Dept Bot & Plant Ecol, PL-42201 Czestochowa, Poland. [Metrak, M.] Univ Warsaw, Dept Plant Ecol & Environm Protect, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Wrzosek, M.] Univ Warsaw, Dept Systemat & Plant Geog, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Pavlic-Zupanc, D.] Agr Res Councile ARC PPRI, Plant Protect Res Inst, Biosystemat Programme, Mycol Unit, Pretoria, South Africa. [Maleme, H. M.; de Beer, Z. W.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Slippers, B.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Dept Genet, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Mac Cormack, W. P.] Inst Antartico Argentino, Dept Microbiol Ambiental & Ecofisiol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Archuby, D. I.] Inst Antartico Argentino, Dept Ciencias Biol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Gruenwald, N. J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Telleria, M. T.; Duenas, M.; Martin, M. P.] Real Jardin Bot RJB CSIC, Madrid 28014, Spain. [Perez, C. A.] Univ Republ, Fac Agron, Dept Protecc Vegetal, EEMAC, Paysandu, Uruguay. RP Crous, PW (reprint author), CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. EM p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl RI Barrett, Matthew/H-8435-2012; Stchigel, Alberto/G-1261-2016; Martin, Maria /H-8069-2012; Cruywagen, Elsie/A-1695-2010; Barrett, Russell/A-4295-2013; Duenas, Margarita/H-4944-2015; Groenewald, Johannes/F-4667-2011; Slippers, Bernard/A-9351-2008; Marincowitz, Seonju/A-9185-2008; de Beer, Z. Wilhelm/B-6353-2008; Wingfield, Michael/A-9473-2008; Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Pawlowska, Julia/F-7881-2015; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; Telleria, M. Teresa/H-4928-2015 OI Barrett, Matthew/0000-0002-2926-4291; Martin, Maria /0000-0002-1235-4418; Manamgoda, Dimuthu/0000-0002-1936-8556; Cruywagen, Elsie/0000-0002-8515-0889; Barrett, Russell/0000-0003-0360-8321; Cano-Lira, Jose F./0000-0003-4495-4394; Guarro, Josep/0000-0002-7839-7568; Duenas, Margarita/0000-0003-0621-8003; Slippers, Bernard/0000-0003-1491-3858; de Beer, Z. Wilhelm/0000-0001-9758-8987; Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; Pawlowska, Julia/0000-0003-4914-5182; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Telleria, M. Teresa/0000-0002-9876-6914 FU Endesa foundation; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, CSIC [2011HUI10, 2013CL0012]; Thailand Research Fund [MRG5580163]; San Ignacio de Huinay foundation FX We thank Dr Olivier Maurin, John and Sandra Burrows, for their help in identifying the host plants collected in southern Africa. Drs Josepa Gene and Margarita Hernandez Restrepo are thanked for providing pictures of various collection sites. Dr Alberto M. Stchigel is grateful to the Direccion Nacional del Antartico for the logistic support to study the Antarctic fungi. Financial support for M. T. Teller a, M. Due as and M. P. Martin was provided by Endesa and San Ignacio de Huinay foundations, as well as Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, CSIC, projects No. 2011HUI10 and 2013CL0012. Financial support for R. Cheewangkoon was provided by the Thailand Research Fund MRG5580163. We thank the technical staff, A. van Iperen (cultures), M. Vermaas (photographic plates), and M. Starink-Willemse (DNA isolation, amplification and sequencing) for their invaluable assistance. NR 139 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 5 U2 59 PU RIJKSHERBARIUM PI LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9514, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-5850 J9 PERSOONIA JI Persoonia PD DEC PY 2013 VL 31 BP 188 EP 296 DI 10.3767/003158513X675925 PG 109 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 284GS UT WOS:000329304700001 PM 24761043 ER PT J AU Davis, TZ Stegelmeier, BL Green, BT Welch, KD Hall, JO AF Davis, T. Z. Stegelmeier, B. L. Green, B. T. Welch, K. D. Hall, J. O. TI Evaluation of the respiratory elimination kinetics of selenate and Se-methylselenocysteine after oral administration in lambs SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Selenium; Respiratory elimination; Selenate; Se-methylselenocysteine ID SELENIUM-COMPOUNDS; ASTRAGALUS-BISULCATUS; PLANTS; TOXICOSIS; SHEEP; EXCRETION; ANIMALS; TOXICOKINETICS; METABOLISM; RETENTION AB Sheep can be acutely poisoned by selenium (Se) accumulating forages which often contain selenate or Se-methylselenocysteine as their predominant forms. Excess Se can be eliminated via respiration. Sheep were given a single oral dose of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6 mg Se/kg BW as sodium selenate and Se-methylselenocysteine or 6 mg Se/kg BW as sodium selenite or selenomethionine. Expired air samples were collected and analyzed for Se. The Se concentration of the expired air reflected a dose-dependent increase at individual time points for both Se-methylselenocysteine and sodium selenate, however, Se content was greater and eliminated more rapidly from sheep receiving Se-methylselenocysteine. The mean Se concentration in respired air from sheep administered 6 mg Se/kg BW of different selenocompounds was greatest in sheep dosed Se-methylselenocysteine > selenomethionine > sodium selenate > sodium selenite. The Se concentration in respired air of acutely poisoned sheep is significantly different for different chemical forms of Se. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davis, T. Z.; Stegelmeier, B. L.; Green, B. T.; Welch, K. D.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Hall, J. O.] Utah State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Davis, TZ (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM Zane.Davis@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS FX The authors thank Katie Lott, Kendra Dewey, Edward L. Knoppel, Joseph Jacobson, Harold Winger, and Mary Hubbard for their technical assistance with this research. This research was supported by USDA/ARS. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 EI 1532-2661 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 95 IS 3 BP 1163 EP 1168 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.09.015 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 285EU UT WOS:000329377200050 PM 24210249 ER PT J AU Sterling, KA Warren, ML Henderson, LG AF Sterling, Ken A. Warren, Melvin L., Jr. Henderson, L. Gayle TI Conservation Assessment of the Yazoo Darter (Etheostoma raneyi) SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID COASTAL-PLAIN STREAMS; LIFE-HISTORY; CHANNEL INCISION; FRESH-WATER; MISSISSIPPI; FISHES; ASSEMBLAGES; HABITATS; PERCIDAE AB We summarized all known historical and contemporary data on the geographic distribution of Etheostoma raneyi (Yazoo Darter), a range-restricted endemic in the Little Tallahatchie and Yocona rivers (upper Yazoo River basin), MS. We identified federal and state land ownership in relation to the darter's distribution and provided quantitative estimates of abundance of the species. We also quantified sex ratio and mean size of males and females, summarized abiotic and physical characteristics of streams supporting the species, and characterized the fish assemblage most often associated with the Yazoo Darter. Yazoo Darters are generally limited to headwater streams, have a female-skewed sex ratio, and have larger males than females. Individuals in the Yocona River drainage are larger than in the Little Tallahatchie River drainage. Abundance was highly variable among streams within the two major drainages, but was similar within and between drainages. Yazoo Darter habitat in the Little Tallahatchie River drainage has some protection because many streams supporting this species are on land managed by federal or state agencies. Streams with Yazoo Darters are far less common in the Yocona River drainage, have almost no protection, and face growing pressure from urban expansion. For these reasons, management action is urgently needed for Yocona River populations. C1 [Sterling, Ken A.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. [Warren, Melvin L., Jr.; Henderson, L. Gayle] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Sterling, KA (reprint author), 385 East Ctr St, Richfield, UT 84701 USA. EM kensterling39@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service Chief's grant; National Forests of Mississippi, Southern Region, USDA Forest Service; Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; US Fish and Wildlife Service, Mississippi Ecological Services Office; Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, Jackson, MS FX We thank the many people who generously contributed to this work by assisting in the field and laboratory, sharing information and ideas, providing logistical support, and offering numerous other professional courtesies: S. Adams, H. Bart. M. Bland, A. Clingenpeel, A. Commens-Carson, D. Drennen, T. Fletcher, W. Haag, H. Halverson, C. Harwell. C. Jenkins, C. Kilcrease, S. Krieger, D. Martinovic, F. McEwen, G. McWhirter, A. Pabst. S. Powers, R. Reekstin, M. Roberts. S. Ross, T. Slack. and L. Staton Two anonymous reviewers contributed greatly toward improving this manuscript and deserve thanks for their efforts. We are also grateful to numerous private landowners who graciously granted permission to survey streams on their property. The study was supported by a USDA Forest Service Chief's grant, and funds from National Forests of Mississippi, Southern Region, USDA Forest Service; the Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Mississippi Ecological Services Office; and a state wildlife grant from the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, Jackson, MS. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 12 IS 4 BP 816 EP 842 DI 10.1656/058.012.0429 PG 27 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 283EN UT WOS:000329228600019 ER PT J AU Hines, RE Bader, TJ Graves, GR AF Hines, Richard E. Bader, Troy J. Graves, Gary R. TI Chimney Swifts (Chaetura pelagica) Nest in Tree Cavities in Arkansas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB We report the first records of tree-nesting Chaentra pelagica (Chimney Swifts) in Arkansas from the White River National Wildlife Refuge (WRNWR). These represent the only well-documented reports of tree-nesting swifts for many decades in the lower Mississippi Valley. The WRNWR may support a large population of tree-nesting swifts. C1 [Bader, Troy J.] ARS, USDA, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Graves, GR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 116,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM gravesg@si.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 12 IS 4 BP N18 EP N20 DI 10.1656/058.012.0414 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 283EN UT WOS:000329228600003 ER PT J AU Birdsey, R Pan, YD Houghton, R AF Birdsey, Richard Pan, Yude Houghton, Richard TI Sustainable landscapes in a world of change: tropical forests, land use and implementation of REDD plus : Part II SO CARBON MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE carbon sinks; deforestation; forest degradation; monitoring tropical forests C1 [Birdsey, Richard; Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtowh Square, PA USA. [Houghton, Richard] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA. RP Birdsey, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtowh Square, PA USA. EM rbirdsey@fs.fed.us NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1758-3004 EI 1758-3012 J9 CARBON MANAG JI Carbon Manag. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 4 IS 6 BP 567 EP 569 DI 10.4155/CMT.13.67 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 270GM UT WOS:000328306900001 ER PT J AU Chader, GJ Taylor, A AF Chader, Gerald J. Taylor, Allen TI Preface: The Aging Eye: Normal Changes, Age-Related Diseases, and Sight-Saving Approaches SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE aging; nutrition; eye AB This volume presents articles based on a workshop held June 14 to 16, 2013 in Rancho Palos Verde, CA sponsored by the Ocular Research Symposia Foundation (ORSF). The mission of the ORSF is to focus attention on unmet needs and current research opportunities in eye research with the objective of accelerating translation of research findings to effective clinical care. In this workshop, the subject of the "The Aging Eye" was addressed, including the prevalence of eye diseases in aging and the economic burden imposed by these diseases. New research work was highlighted on the genetics, biology, biochemistry, neurochemistry, and the impact of nutrition and the environment on function in the older eye. By identifying "low-hanging fruit" (i.e., the best opportunities for successful transition of laboratory research for the prevention of and new treatments and cures for ocular diseases), we seek to spur funding at both the basic research and clinical levels, resulting in sight-saving and sight-restoration measures in the near future. C1 [Taylor, Allen] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ Boston, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, United States Dept Agr, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA USA. RP Chader, GJ (reprint author), Doheny Eye Inst, 1450 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. EM GChader@doheny.org; allen.taylor@tufts.edu FU NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY021212]; PHS HHS [R01 13250, R01 021212] NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 EI 1552-5783 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 54 IS 14 SI SI DI 10.1167/iovs.13-12993 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 278IX UT WOS:000328884600001 PM 24335060 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, EA Shang, F Taylor, A AF Whitcomb, Elizabeth A. Shang, Fu Taylor, Allen TI Common Cell Biologic and Biochemical Changes in Aging and Age-Related Diseases of the Eye: Toward New Therapeutic Approaches to Age-Related Ocular Diseases SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aging; nutrition; eye ID UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME PATHWAY; CHAPERONE-MEDIATED AUTOPHAGY; HUMAN CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM; PROTEIN-QUALITY CONTROL; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MACULAR DEGENERATION; HUMAN LENS; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS C1 [Whitcomb, Elizabeth A.; Shang, Fu; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Taylor, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM allen.taylor@tufts.edu FU USDA [1950-510000-060-01A]; Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving; [EY RO1 13250]; [EY RO1 21212] FX Supported by USDA 1950-510000-060-01A, Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving, and a gift from Alcon via John Lang. The work was also supported by EY RO1 13250 and EY RO1 21212. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 EI 1552-5783 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 54 IS 14 SI SI DI 10.1167/iovs.13-12808 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 278IX UT WOS:000328884600007 ER PT J AU Sae-Lim, P Kause, A Mulder, HA Martin, KE Barfoot, AJ Parsons, JE Davidson, J Rexroad, CE van Arendonk, JAM Komen, H AF Sae-Lim, P. Kause, A. Mulder, H. A. Martin, K. E. Barfoot, A. J. Parsons, J. E. Davidson, J. Rexroad, C. E., III van Arendonk, J. A. M. Komen, H. TI Genotype-by-environment interaction of growth traits in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): A continental scale study SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE heterogeneous genetic variance; multitrait multienvironment; reranking; scaling effect; selection bias; thermal growth coefficient ID PLANT-BASED DIETS; BODY-WEIGHT; PARENTAL ALLOCATION; GENETIC-PARAMETERS; BREEDING PROGRAMS; WATER TEMPERATURE; SEXUAL-MATURITY; DAIRY-CATTLE; SELECTION; VARIANCE AB Rainbow trout is a globally important fish species for aquaculture. However, fish for most farms worldwide are produced by only a few breeding companies. Selection based solely on fish performance recorded at a nucleus may lead to lower-than-expected genetic gains in other production environments when genotype-by-environment (G x E) interaction exists. The aim was to quantify the magnitude of G x E interaction of growth traits (tagging weight; BWT, harvest weight; BWH, and growth rate; TGC) measured across 4 environments, located in 3 different continents, by estimating genetic correlations between environments. A total of 100 families, of at least 25 in size, were produced from the mating 58 sires and 100 dams. In total, 13,806 offspring were reared at the nucleus (selection environment) in Washington State (NUC) and in 3 other environments: a recirculating aquaculture system in Freshwater Institute (FI), West Virginia; a high-altitude farm in Peru (PE), and a cold-water farm in Germany (GER). To account for selection bias due to selective mortality, a multitrait multienvironment animal mixed model was applied to analyze the performance data in different environments as different traits. Genetic correlation (r(g)) of a trait measured in different environments and r(g) of different traits measured in different environments were estimated. The results show that heterogeneity of additive genetic variances was mainly found for BWH measured in FI and PE. Additive genetic coefficient of variation for BWH in NUC, FI, PE, and GER were 7.63, 8.36, 8.64, and 9.75, respectively. Genetic correlations between the same trait in different environments were low, indicating strong reranking (BWT: r(g) = 0.15 to 0.37, BWH: r(g) = 0.19 to 0.48, TGC: r(g) = 0.31 to 0.36) across environments. The r(g) between BWT in NUC and BWH in both FI (0.31) and GER (0.36) were positive, which was also found between BWT in NUC and TGC in both FI (0.10) and GER (0.20). However, r(g) were negative between BWT in NUC and both BWH (-0.06) and TGC (-0.20) in PE. Correction for selection bias resulted in higher additive genetic variances. In conclusion, strong G x E interaction was found for BWT, BWH, and TGC. Accounting for G x E interaction in the breeding program, either by using sib information from testing stations or environment-specific breeding programs, would increase genetic gains for environments that differ significantly from NUC. C1 [Sae-Lim, P.; Mulder, H. A.; van Arendonk, J. A. M.; Komen, H.] Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands. [Kause, A.] Agrifood Res Finland, Biotechnol & Food Res, Biometr Genet, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland. [Martin, K. E.; Barfoot, A. J.; Parsons, J. E.] Troutlodge Inc, Sumner, WA 98391 USA. [Davidson, J.] Conservat Funds Freshwater Inst, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA. [Rexroad, C. E., III] ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Sae-Lim, P (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, POB 338, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands. EM panya.sae@gmail.com RI Mulder, Han/E-4303-2012; van Arendonk, Johan/E-2536-2011; Komen, Hans/D-8876-2012 OI Mulder, Han/0000-0003-2124-4787; van Arendonk, Johan/0000-0003-2592-3947; FU King Scholarship, Thailand (Ananda Mahidol Foundation); Troutlodge, Inc., USA FX This study is part of the PhD project: Optimization of rainbow trout breeding program for multitrait selection with G x E interaction. This project is funded by The King Scholarship, Thailand (Ananda Mahidol Foundation), and Troutlodge, Inc., USA. We thank Sean M. Nepper, Doug P. Dixon, Mary L. Elliott, Lenore Brown, Brent A. Hinners, Shaun B. Elliott, Paul B. Goodmanson, Forellenzucht Trostadt (Germany), The Conservation Fund's Freshwater Institute, and Piscifactorias de los Andes S. A. (Peru) for their considerable contributions to and significant time spent in the G x E interaction experiments. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 91 IS 12 BP 5572 EP 5581 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5949 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 280NG UT WOS:000329036700003 PM 24085417 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Flowers, WL Saraiva, A Yeum, KJ Kim, SW AF Zhao, Y. Flowers, W. L. Saraiva, A. Yeum, K. -J. Kim, S. W. TI Effect of social ranks and gestation housing systems on oxidative stress status, reproductive performance, and immune status of sows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE oxidative stress; reproductive performance; social rank; sow ID PREGNANT SOWS; FEEDING SYSTEMS; FINISHING PIGS; BEHAVIOR; AGGRESSION; PROTEASOME; WELFARE; SERUM; DEGRADATION; PATTERNS AB Ninety-six multiparous sows were randomly assigned into 2 different gestation housing systems on d 35 of gestation: individual gestational crates (n = 24) or small groups with 3 sows in gestational pens (n = 24). Sows were classified into 4 treatments based on gestation housing systems and social ranks within each gestational pen: sows housed in individual gestational crates were in control treatment (CON), and sows destined to high, middle, or low social ranks within each pen were classified into high social rank treatment (HR), middle social rank treatment (MR), and low social rank treatment (LR). The social rank of sows within a pen was determined by their winning percentage during aggressive interactions observed for a 4-d period after mixing on d 35 of gestation. Plasma samples collected from each sow on d 35, 60, 90, and 109 of gestation and d 1 and 18 of lactation were used to determine concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), IgG, and IgM. Sows in HR had higher (P < 0.05) body weight during gestation and lactation, smallest (P < 0.05) litter weight at birth, increased (P < 0.05) number of stillborn than sows in MR and LR, and tended to have decreased (P = 0.073, P = 0.064) number of born alive compared with sows in CON and LR. Sows in LR had lower farrowing rate compared with sows in MR. Plasma concentration of protein carbonyl in HR was higher (P < 0.05) than that in MR on d 3 of lactation. Plasma concentrations of 8-OHdG in LR was greater (P < 0.05) than that in HR on d 90 of gestation, d 3 and 18 of lactation, and greater (P < 0.05) than CON on d 18 of lactation. The reproductive performance of sows from all of the social ranks was related to their oxidative stress status during gestation and lactation. Collectively, the reproductive performance, oxidative stress status, and immune status did not differ between sows housed in gestational crates (CON) and pens (HR + MR + LR). Sows in CON and MR did not show inferior reproductive performance during gestation and lactation. Sows in HR and LR had increased oxidative damage during late gestation and lactation which could contribute to the reduced litter size and litter weight in HR and lower farrowing rate in LR. C1 [Zhao, Y.; Flowers, W. L.; Saraiva, A.; Kim, S. W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Saraiva, A.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Zootecnia, BR-36570 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Yeum, K. -J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Kim, SW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Box 7621, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sungwoo_kim@ncsu.edu FU North Carolina Pork Council; North Carolina Agricultural Foundation FX The authors acknowledge the financial supports from North Carolina Pork Council and North Carolina Agricultural Foundation. NR 49 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 91 IS 12 BP 5848 EP 5858 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6388 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 280NG UT WOS:000329036700033 PM 24146150 ER PT J AU Aiken, GE Klotz, JL Johnson, JM Strickland, JR Schrick, FN AF Aiken, G. E. Klotz, J. L. Johnson, J. M. Strickland, J. R. Schrick, F. N. TI Postgraze assessment of toxicosis symptoms for steers grazed on toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; endophytes; ergot alkaloids; fescue toxicosis; prolactin; tall fescue; vasoconstriction ID LATERAL SAPHENOUS-VEIN; CAUDAL ARTERY; BEEF HEIFERS; PERFORMANCE; RESPONSES; CATTLE; CONSUMPTION; RECEPTORS; PROLACTIN; GROWTH AB A 2-yr pen experiment was conducted using 12 different crossbred Angus steers each year to determine if short-term changes in prolactin concentrations, body temperature, and vasoconstriction reflect recovery from fescue toxicosis after steers that previously grazed toxic endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum)-infected Kentucky 31 tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh] are placed on nontoxic feed. Groups of 6 steers from toxic endophyte-infected and endophyte-free tall fescue grazing treatments were blocked by BW for assignment to pens as a randomized complete block design with 2 replications. Two environments were implemented by initiating the experiment on 18 August in yr 1 and on 8 September in yr 2 for durations of 30 and 21 d, respectively. Rectal temperatures were recorded, jugular blood was collected for assaying serum prolactin, and cross sections of the caudal artery were ultrasonically imaged at selected time points to evaluate temporal changes in the response variables. Rectal temperatures in steers on the toxic endo-phyte pasture treatment declined (P < 0.05) linearly over time in yr 1 and 2 and were similar (P > 0.10) to those on endophyte-free treatment on d 30 in yr 1 and by d 15 in yr 2. Prolactin concentrations in steers on the toxic endophyte pasture treatment showed curvilinear increases (P < 0.05) over time and were similar (P > 0.10) to steers on the endophyte-free treatment by d 15 in yr 1 and by d 10 in yr 2. Luminal areas of the caudal artery in toxic endophyte steers were less (P < 0.05) than those in endophyte-free steers across all dates in both years. Results indicated that rectal temperatures in steers after they are removed from toxic fescue may decrease over time, but temporal changes in rectal temperatures could be affected more by prevailing ambient temperatures than by actual mitigation of fescue toxicosis. Prolactin concentrations in steers after they are removed from toxic endophyte tall fescue can increase and stabilize in less than 2 wk, but alkaloid-induced vasoconstriction that causes a vulnerability to severe heat stress is not alleviated within 30 d. C1 [Aiken, G. E.; Klotz, J. L.; Strickland, J. R.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Johnson, J. M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Schrick, F. N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Aiken, GE (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM glen.aiken@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 91 IS 12 BP 5878 EP 5884 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5964 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 280NG UT WOS:000329036700036 PM 24126272 ER PT J AU Smith, DJ Taylor, JB West, M Herges, G AF Smith, D. J. Taylor, J. B. West, M. Herges, G. TI Effect of intravenous or oral sodium chlorate administration on the fecal shedding of Escherichia coli in sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli; fecal; food safety; lymph; pathogens; sodium chlorate ID SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; O157-H7 POPULATIONS; BEEF-CATTLE; THIOSPHAERA-PANTOTROPHA; NITRATE REDUCTASE; DOSED SODIUM; IN-VITRO; COLONIZATION; SULFATION; SUPPLEMENTATION AB The effect of gavage or intravenous (i. v.) administration of sodium chlorate salts on the fecal shedding of generic Escherichia coli in wether lambs was studied. To this end, 9 lambs (27 +/- 2.5 kg) were administered 150 mg NaClO3/kg BW by gavage or i. v. infusion in a crossover design with saline-dosed controls. The crossover design allowed each animal to receive each treatment during 1 of 3 trial periods, resulting in 9 observations for each treatment. Immediately before and subsequent to dosing, jugular blood and rectal fecal samples were collected at 4, 8, 16, 24, and 36 h. Endpoints measured were fecal generic E. coli concentrations, blood packed cell volume (PCV), blood methemoglobin concentration, and serum and fecal sodium chlorate concentrations. Sodium chlorate had no effects (P > 0.05) on blood PVC or methemoglobin. Fecal generic E. coli concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05) approximately 2 log units (99%) relative to controls 16 and 24 h after sodium chlorate infusion and 24 h after sodium chlorate gavage. Within and across time and treatment, fecal chlorate concentrations were highly variable for both gavage and i. v. lambs. Average fecal sodium chlorate concentrations never exceeded 100 mu g/g and were typically less than 60 mu g/g from 4 to 24 h after dosing. Times of maximal average fecal sodium chlorate concentration did not correspond with times of lowered average generic E. coli concentrations. Within route of administration, serum sodium chlorate concentrations were greatest (P < 0.01) 4 h after dosing; at the same time point, serum chlorate was greater (P < 0.01) in i.v.-dosed lambs than gavaged lambs but not at 16 or 24 h (P > 0.05). At 8 h, serum chlorate concentrations of gavaged lambs were greater (P < 0.05) than in i.v.-dosed lambs. Serum chlorate data are consistent with earlier studies indicating very rapid transfer of orally dosed chlorate to systemic circulation, and fecal chlorate data are consistent with earlier data showing the excretion of low to marginal concentrations of sodium chlorate in orally dosed animals. Efficacy of sodium chlorate at reducing fecal E. coli concentrations after i.v. infusion suggests that low concentrations of chlorate in gastrointestinal contents, delivered by biliary excretion, intestinal cell sloughing, or simple diffusion, are effective at reducing fecal E. coli levels. Alternatively, chlorate could be eliciting systemic effects that influence fecal E. coli populations. C1 [Smith, D. J.; Herges, G.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Taylor, J. B.] USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. [West, M.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Area, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Smith, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM david.j.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 91 IS 12 BP 5962 EP 5969 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6796 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 280NG UT WOS:000329036700045 PM 24158366 ER PT J AU Pfister, JA Davis, TZ Hall, JO AF Pfister, J. A. Davis, T. Z. Hall, J. O. TI Effect of selenium concentration on feed preferences by cattle and sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cattle; intake; preference; selenium; sheep; toxicity ID HERBIVORES; TOXICOSIS; TOXICOKINETICS; RUMINANTS; TOXICITY; LAMBS AB Selenium-accumulator plants are reputed to be unpalatable to livestock. The objective of this study was to determine if sheep and cattle could discriminate between forages and feeds with different concentrations of Se. In the first study, cattle and sheep preferences for intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and western aster (Symphyotrichum ascendens) of varying Se concentrations were assessed. The Se concentrations ranged from 0.8 to 50 mg/kg (DM) in grass, 1.4 to 275 mg/kg in alfalfa, and 4 to 4,455 mg/kg in aster. Selenium concentration had no influence (P > 0.05) on the initial or subsequent preferences of sheep or cattle for grass or alfalfa. Cattle developed an aversion to aster after consuming 95% of the plant material during the first brief exposure and subsequently refused to eat any aster. Sheep consumption of aster was variable, but their preference was not driven by Se concentration. In the next study, cattle and sheep were offered pellets at 1.5% of BW (as fed) that contained increasing concentrations of Se from aster (control and 5, 25, 45, and 110 mg/kg Se). In trial 1, all pellets were offered. In Trials 2 and 3, all pellets were offered with the exception of the 5 mg/kg Se pellet and the 5 and 25 mg/kg Se pellets, respectively. In trial 1, consumption of the control pellet by cattle was greater on all days compared with other Se pellets (P < 0.001). Cattle ate more (P < 0.001) of the 5 mg/kg Se pellet than the higher Se pellets on d 3, 4, and 5. Sheep ate greater amounts of the control and 5 and 110 mg/kg Se pellets compared with the 25 and 45 mg/kg Se pellets (P < 0.0001) on d 1, and sheep consumed primarily the control and 5 mg/kg Se pellets thereafter. In trial 2, cattle and sheep consumed more (P < 0.0001) of the control Se pellet than the 25, 45, and 110 mg/kg Se pellets. In trial 3, cattle consumption of the control and 45 and 110 mg/kg Se pellets differed on d 2 and 3 (P < 0.001), except there was no difference (P > 0.95) in cattle consumption of the control and 45 mg/kg Se pellets on d 1. Sheep consumed primarily the control and 45 mg/kg Se pellets. We conclude that high Se concentrations in fresh forages had no effect on initial consumption by cattle or sheep. When given Se pellets, initial responses were variable, but the results indicate that cattle and sheep adjusted their intake over time to avoid excessive intake of Se. C1 [Pfister, J. A.; Davis, T. Z.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Hall, J. O.] Utah State Univ, Utah State Vet Diagnost Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Pfister, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM jim.pfister@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 91 IS 12 BP 5970 EP 5980 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6595 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 280NG UT WOS:000329036700046 PM 24085414 ER PT J AU Kelt, DA Van Vuren, DH Johnson, ML Wilson, JA Innes, RJ Jesmer, BR Ingram, KP Smith, JR Bigelow, SW Burnett, RD Stine, PA AF Kelt, Douglas A. Van Vuren, Dirk H. Johnson, Michael L. Wilson, James A. Innes, Robin J. Jesmer, Brett R. Ingram, Katherine P. Smith, Jaya R. Bigelow, Seth W. Burnett, Ryan D. Stine, Peter A. TI Small mammals exhibit limited spatiotemporal structure in Sierra Nevada forests SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE forest management; habitat associations; montane small mammals; ordination; Sierra Nevada; stepwise multiple regression ID NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRRELS; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS; VARIABLE RETENTION HARVESTS; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS AB Forests in the Sierra Nevada, similar to those across the continent, have been substantially altered by logging, fire exclusion, and other human activities. Current forest management emphasizes maintenance or restoration of resiliency in the face of contemporary disturbance factors that include wildfire, climate change, continued urbanization, and invasive species. We evaluated responses of small mammals to forest management by monitoring a series of 12 replicate trapping grids in compositionally homogeneous forest over 8 years, and implemented 2 levels of canopy thinning. Livetrapping efforts (119,712 trap-nights) yielded 15,613 captures of 2,305 individuals of 13 species, and although forest structure was significantly influenced by canopy treatments, small mammal numbers and assemblage composition were not. To better understand this we assessed habitat associations of small mammals at 599 census points on 75 transects established in a stratified random manner throughout Plumas National Forest. We analyzed these data with 2 complementary forms of constrained ordination (canonical correspondence and canonical correlation) that extract major gradients in 1 data set (e.g., distribution of small mammal captures) and explain these in terms of measured variables from a 2nd data set (e.g., habitat and environmental measurements). Over 3 years and 57,504 trap-nights of effort we captured 1,367 individuals of 11 species. Both forms of ordination exposed significant associations between small mammals and underlying habitat metrics, but they explained remarkably little variation in these data, suggesting that small mammals are responding only modestly to habitat variation as expressed by the available environmental variables measured at each plot. We followed this with stepwise multiple Poisson regression to build models of habitat associations of these species. We applied model-averaging and employed Akaike's information criterion corrected for small sample size (AIC(c)) to evaluate candidate models. Reflecting ordination results, competitive models (e.g., those with Akaike differences [Delta AIC(c)] < 2.0) cumulatively explained little variation (12-36%) and regression coefficients were very low. Hence, both ordination and Poisson multiple regression suggest that the limited response by small mammals to canopy thinning primarily reflects the generalist habits of the common species in this forest. We propose that anthropogenic influences have led to structural homogenization of these forests, even across > 800 m of elevation, such that habitat specialists (e.g., old-forest dependent species such as Myodes [Clethrionomys] californicus and Glaucomys sabrinus) have become less common due to the lack of suitable habitat. Further efforts should target nonforested habitats (meadows and riparian corridors), but results presented here suggest that managers should strive to increase heterogeneity at large spatial scales and especially to promote the development of mature forest structure. C1 [Kelt, Douglas A.; Van Vuren, Dirk H.; Ingram, Katherine P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Johnson, Michael L.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wilson, James A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 98182 USA. [Innes, Robin J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Jesmer, Brett R.] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Smith, Jaya R.] Bion Environm Inc, Eagle, ID 83616 USA. [Bigelow, Seth W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Burnett, Ryan D.] Point Blue Conservat Sci, Chester, CA 96020 USA. [Stine, Peter A.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn,John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kelt, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dakelt@ucdavis.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station; Joint Fire Sciences Program; United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (Region 5); University of California, Davis FX Research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, the Joint Fire Sciences Program, the United Stated Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (Region 5), and the University of California, Davis. Both the caliber and consistency of data reflect long hours by many outstanding field technicians. This manuscript benefitted greatly from the comments and suggestions of 2 anonymous reviewers. N. Willits provided critical statistical advice. NR 92 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 45 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 94 IS 6 BP 1197 EP 1213 DI 10.1644/12-MAMM-A-303 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 280DZ UT WOS:000329010200002 ER PT J AU Perry, RW AF Perry, Roger W. TI Potential energy expenditure by litter-roosting bats associated with temperature under leaf litter during winter SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bats; Energy use; Lasiurus borealis; Leaf litter; Metabolic rate; Roosting; Temperature; Winter ID EVAPORATIVE WATER-LOSS; EASTERN RED BATS; NORTH-AMERICA; LASIURUS; RESPONSES; ECOLOGY; FOREST; SNOW AB In temperate portions of North America, some bats that remain active during winter undergo short periods of hibernation below leaf litter on the forest floor during episodes of below-freezing weather. These winter roosts may provide above-freezing conditions, but the thermal conditions under leaf litter are unclear. Further, little is known of the relationship between temperatures under litter and potential energy expenditure by bats. Therefore, I characterized thermal conditions below leaf litter, compared temperatures encountered under different litter depths, and evaluated the quality of these sites as hibernacula based on potential energy use by eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) during winter in forests of the Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas, USA. Over an averaged 24-h period, there was no significant difference in temperature among different depths of leaf litter, but temperatures under litter remained significantly warmer than air temperatures, especially during nighttime and under snow cover. Temperatures below leaf litter were significantly warmer on south-facing slopes than north-facing slopes, but predicted metabolic rates did not differ among aspects. Predicted metabolic rates of eastern red bats were lowest under the deepest leaf litter measured (8 cm) and highest under ambient air conditions. Depending on depth of leaf litter cover, predicted energy savings based on 02 consumption from roosting under litter were 1.9 to 3.1 times greater than remaining in ambient air during periods of freezing weather and around 5.6 times greater when roosting under leaf litter with snow cover. A model for predicted total energy consumption (estimated as the total oxygen consumption during a 24-h period) by eastern red bats indicated that when roosting below leaf litter, energy consumption would be reduced with greater ground temperatures, greater leaf litter moisture, and when located on south-facing slopes. Predicted metabolic rates and total energy consumption may provide more insight on the quality of roost sites for wintering bats than temperature of roost sites alone. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. RP Perry, RW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, POB 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. EM rperry03@fs.fed.us FU Southern Research Station of the U.S. Forest Service FX The Southern Research Station of the U.S. Forest Service provided funding for this project. I thank T.L. Keyser (Southern Research Station) for providing additional data loggers. J.G. Boyles (Southern Illinois University Carbondale), T.E. Tomasi (Missouri State University), co-editor Chris Gordon, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier draft. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement of any product or service by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 38 IS 8 BP 467 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2013.08.007 PG 7 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 282CW UT WOS:000329148900001 ER PT J AU Leyte-Lugo, M Figueroa, M Gonzalez, MD Glenn, AE Gonzalez-Andrade, M Mata, R AF Leyte-Lugo, Martha Figueroa, Mario del Carmen Gonzalez, Maria Glenn, Anthony E. Gonzalez-Andrade, Martin Mata, Rachel TI Metabolites from the entophytic fungus Sporomiella minimoides isolated from Hintonia latiflora SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Endophytic fungus; Calmodulin inhibitors; Polyketides; Sporormiella minimoides; Hintonia latiflora ID CALMODULIN INHIBITORS; PENICILLIUM-HORDEI; ANTHRAQUINONES; SPORORMIELLA; PROTEIN; TOOL AB An extract of the solid cultures of Sporormiella minimoides (Sporormiaceae) isolated as an endophytic fungus from Hintonia latiflora (Rubiaceae), yielded three polyketides, 3,6-dimethoxy-8-methyl-1H,6H-benzo[de]isochromene-1,9-dione, 3-hydroxy-1,6,10-trimethoxy-8-methyl-1H,3H-benzo[de]isochromen-9-one, and 5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-8-methylnaphthoquinone, along with three known compounds, corymbiferone, ziganein, and brocaenol B. Their structures were characterized by spectrometric and spectroscopic methods. So as to be consistent the literature reports, 3,6-dimethoxy-8-methyl-1H,6H-benzo[de]isochromene-1,9-dione and 3-hydroxy-1,6,10-trimethoxy-8-methyl-1H,3H-benzo[de]isochromen-9-one were given the trivial names of corymbiferone C and corymbiferan lactone E, respectively. All isolates were tested as potential human calmodulin (hCaM) inhibitors using the fluorescent biosensor hCaM V91C-mBBr, but only 5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-8-methylnaphthoquinone quenched significantly the extrinsic fluorescence of this biosensor, with a dissociation constant (K-d) value of 1.55 mu M. Refined docking analysis predicted that 5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-8-methylnaphthoquinone could also be bound to hCaM at site I displaying hydrophobic interactions with Phe19 and 68, Met51, 71, and 72, and IIe52 and 63 residues. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Leyte-Lugo, Martha; Figueroa, Mario; Mata, Rachel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [del Carmen Gonzalez, Maria] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Glenn, Anthony E.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Gonzalez-Andrade, Martin] Secretaria Salud Mexico, Inst Nacl Med Genom, Mexico City 14610, DF, Mexico. RP Mata, R (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM rachel@unam.mx RI Mata, Rachel/I-4435-2014 OI Mata, Rachel/0000-0002-2861-2768 FU CONACyT [99395] FX This work was supported by grants from CONACyT (99395). We thank G. Duarte, M. Guzman, M. Gutierrez, I. Rivero, A. Perez and, Ramiro del Carmen-Lezama for their valuable technical assistance. M. Leyte-Lugo acknowledges a fellowship from CONACyT. We also thank Sol Cristians for collecting and identifying the plant material. We are indebted to Direccion General de Computo y de Tecnologias de Informacion y Comunicacion, UNAM, for providing the resources to carry out computational calculations through the KanBalam System. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 BP 273 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.09.006 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 278DO UT WOS:000328869500027 PM 24084473 ER PT J AU Afitlhile, M Workman, S Duffield, K Sprout, D Berhow, M AF Afitlhile, Meshack Workman, Samantha Duffield, Kayla Sprout, Danielle Berhow, Mark TI A mutant of the Arabidopsis thaliana TOC159 gene accumulates reduced levels of linolenic acid and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis thaliana; Fad5; MGDG; MGD1 synthase; ppi2; 16:3 ID CHLOROPLAST OMEGA-3 DESATURASE; PROTEIN IMPORT; NUCLEUS; PLANTS; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; BIOGENESIS; MEMBRANE; RECEPTOR; EXPRESSION AB Previous studies have shown that a mutant of Arabidopsis that lacks the Toc159 receptor is impaired in chloroplast biogenesis. The mutant is referred as plastid protein import 2 or ppi2 and has an albino phenotype due to its inability to import the photosynthetic proteins. In this study, we measured fatty acid composition and transcript levels of plastid-localized fatty acid desaturases in the wild type and ppi2 mutant. The objective was to evaluate whether the Toc159 receptor was critical in the import of lipid-synthesizing enzymes. The ppi2 mutant accumulated decreased levels of oleic acid (18:1) and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3). The mutant accumulated drastically reduced amounts of the chloroplast lipid monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), which contains more than 80% of 18:3. The expression of genes that encode stearoyl-ACP desaturase and MGD1 synthase were down-regulated in the ppi2 mutant, and this corresponded to decreased levels of 18:1 and MGDG, respectively. We conclude that in the ppi2 mutant the impaired synthesis of MGDG resulted in decreased amounts of 18:3. The mutant however, had a 30-fold increase in fad5 transcript levels; this increase was mirrored by a 16- to 50-fold accumulation of hexadecatrienoic acid (16:3), a fatty acid found exclusively in MGDG. Taken together, these data suggest that the Toc159 receptor is required in the import of stearoyl-ACP desaturase and MGD1 synthase into the chloroplasts. Since the expression of fad5 gene was up-regulated in the ppi2 mutant, we propose that fad5 desaturase is imported into plastids through the atToc132/atToc120 protein import pathway. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Afitlhile, Meshack; Workman, Samantha; Duffield, Kayla; Sprout, Danielle] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. [Berhow, Mark] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Afitlhile, M (reprint author), Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Waggoner Hall 311, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. EM m-afitlhile@wiu.edu FU Western Illinois University College of Arts and Sciences FX This project was supported by a Western Illinois University College of Arts and Sciences undergraduate grants (to K.D. and D.S.), a graduate school grant (to S.W.), and a University Research Council grant (to M.A.). The authors wish to thank Abraham Matlak, Madison Dutton and Kara Tracy for their contribution to this project. We are grateful to Dr. Winthrop Phippen for the use of his growth chamber. We would like to thank Dr. Timothy Spier for his advice with statistical analysis, and Dr. Sue Hum-Musser for her help with analysis of quantitative real-time PCR data and proof-reading the manuscript. We thank Dr. Amy Patrick Mossman in the English and Journalism department for proofreading the manuscript. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 73 BP 344 EP 350 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.10.018 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 280CT UT WOS:000329007000041 PM 24184455 ER PT J AU Gregory, CA Coleman-Jensen, A AF Gregory, Christian A. Coleman-Jensen, Alisha TI Do High Food Prices Increase Food Insecurity in the United States? SO APPLIED ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES AND POLICY LA English DT Article DE Food prices; Food insecurity; SNAP; Treatment effects ID PARTICIPATION; ASSISTANCE; NUTRITION; FAMILIES; LIVE AB While research establishing the link between high food prices and increased food insecurity in developing countries is robust, similar research about the United States has been lacking. This has been due in part to a lack of suitable price data, but it has also been due to the assumption that prices matter less in the United States, where households spend a relatively small fraction of their income on food. In this article we examine the role that local food prices play in determining food insecurity in the United States by using newly-developed price data. We examine whether low-income households participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly Food Stamps) are more likely to be food insecure in areas where food prices are higher. We find that the average effect of food prices on the probability of food insecurity is positive and significant: a one-standard deviation increase in food prices is associated with increases of 2.7, 2.6, and 3.1 percentage points in household, adult, and child food insecurity, respectively. These marginal effects amount to 5.0%, 5.1%, and 12.4% increases in the prevalence of food insecurity for SNAP households, adults, and children, respectively. These results suggest that indexing SNAP benefits to local food prices could improve the ability of the program to reduce food insecurity and economic hardship more generally in areas with high food prices. C1 [Gregory, Christian A.; Coleman-Jensen, Alisha] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Coleman-Jensen, A (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. EM cgregory@ers.usda.gov NR 40 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 26 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2040-5790 EI 2040-5804 J9 APPL ECON PERSPECT P JI Appl. Econ. Perspect. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 35 IS 4 BP 679 EP 707 DI 10.1093/aepp/ppt024 PG 29 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 271HF UT WOS:000328381800006 ER PT J AU Goslee, SC Veith, TL Skinner, RH Comas, LH AF Goslee, Sarah C. Veith, Tamie L. Skinner, R. Howard Comas, Louise H. TI Optimizing ecosystem function by manipulating pasture community composition SO BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Community process; Functional trait; Generalized additive modeling; Multi-criteria optimization ID TRAITS; GRASSLAND; DIVERSITY AB The ability to design plant communities to optimize particular ecosystem functions and thus more effectively provide ecosystem services would improve all types of ecosystem management, including agriculture. We propose a novel quantitative multi-step method for selecting mixtures of plant species to meet ecosystem objectives: collecting trait data; identifying suites of traits related to relevant community processes; relating those processes to the ecosystem functions of interest; optimizing the planted mixture; and evaluating trade-offs. This approach was tested using planted mixtures of 14 grassland species common in managed pastures of the northeastern United States. Ordination of trait data from greenhouse and small plot studies was used to relate species traits to community processes, followed by generalized additive modeling to relate community-weighted mean process scores to field estimates of biomass production and resistance to invasion. Multi-criteria optimization identified seed mixtures that maximized or minimized selected ecosystem functions, facilitating quantification of trade-offs in processual ability within species and between ecosystem functions at the community level, In this study, predicted seasonal and annual biomass values were within expected ranges, but the optimal mixtures differed from forage mixtures traditionally planted in the northeastern United States. Perennial ryegrass was the most commonly-selected grass. Legumes were represented less than expected, possibly due to attributes such as longevity and forage quality that are important in pastures but were not directly included in the optimization. Ecosystem function was not linearly related to species richness. While further research on quantitatively relating species traits and community processes is needed, multi-criteria optimization offers a new path for linking ecosystem function to ecosystem management. C1 [Goslee, Sarah C.; Veith, Tamie L.; Skinner, R. Howard] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Comas, Louise H.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Goslee, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702 Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM sarah.goslee@ars.usda.gov RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 FU Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) FX This work contributes to the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP), jointly funded, coordinated and administered by the United States Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service, Agricultural Research Service, and Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. S. Lamar, J. Gonet and many others contributed to the establishment and monitoring of the field plots. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1439-1791 EI 1618-0089 J9 BASIC APPL ECOL JI Basic Appl. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 14 IS 8 BP 630 EP 641 DI 10.1016/j.baae.2013.09.009 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 272VX UT WOS:000328491600002 ER PT J AU Hodge, DR Prentice, KW Ramage, JG Prezioso, S Gauthier, C Swanson, T Hastings, R Basavanna, U Datta, S Sharma, SK Garber, EAE Staab, A Pettit, D Drumgoole, R Swaney, E Estacio, PL Elder, IA Kovacs, G Morse, BS Kellogg, RB Stanker, L Morse, SA Pillai, SP AF Hodge, David R. Prentice, Kristin Willner Ramage, Jason G. Prezioso, Samantha Gauthier, Cheryl Swanson, Tanya Hastings, Rebecca Basavanna, Uma Datta, Shomik Sharma, Shashi K. Garber, Eric A. E. Staab, Andrea Pettit, Denise Drumgoole, Rahsaan Swaney, Erin Estacio, Peter L. Elder, Ian A. Kovacs, Gerald Morse, Brenda S. Kellogg, Richard B. Stanker, Larry Morse, Stephen A. Pillai, Segaran P. TI COMPREHENSIVE LABORATORY EVALUATION OF A HIGHLY SPECIFIC LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR THE PRESUMPTIVE IDENTIFICATION OF RICIN IN SUSPICIOUS WHITE POWDERS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; COMMUNIS AGGLUTININ; CASTOR BEANS; TOXINS; GENE; SEQUENCE; AGENTS; CHAIN; ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; CYTOTOXICITY AB Ricin, a heterodimeric toxin that is present in the seeds of the Ricinus communis plant, is the biothreat agent most frequently encountered by law enforcement agencies in the United States. Even in untrained hands, the easily obtainable seeds can yield a highly toxic product that has been used in various types of threats, including white-powder letters. Although the vast majority of these threats are hoaxes, an impediment to accurate hazard assessments by first responders is the unreliability of rapid detection assays for ricin, such as lateral flow assays (LFAs). One of the complicating factors associated with LFAs is the incorporation of antibodies of poor specificity that cross-react with near-neighbors or with plant lectins that are capable of nonspecifically cross-linking the capture and detector antibodies. Because of the compelling and critical need to promote the interests of public safety and public health, the Department of Homeland Security conducted a comprehensive laboratory evaluation study of a commercial LFA for the rapid detection of ricin. This study was conducted using comprehensive inclusivity and exclusivity panels of ricin and near-neighbor plant materials, along with panels of lectins and white-powders, to determine the specificity, sensitivity, limits of detection, dynamic range, and repeatability of the assay for the specific intended use of evaluating suspicious white powders and environmental samples in the field. C1 [Hodge, David R.; Prentice, Kristin Willner] Booz Allen & Hamilton Inc, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Ramage, Jason G.; Pillai, Segaran P.] US Dept Homeland Secur, Sci & Technol Directorate, Chem & Biol Def Div, Washington, DC USA. [Prezioso, Samantha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gauthier, Cheryl; Swanson, Tanya; Hastings, Rebecca] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Bioterrorism Response Lab, State Lab Inst, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Basavanna, Uma] USAMRIID, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Datta, Shomik; Sharma, Shashi K.; Garber, Eric A. E.] Food & Drug Adm, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Regulatory Sci, College Pk, MD USA. [Pettit, Denise] NC Dept Hlth & Human Serv, North Carolina State Lab Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Drumgoole, Rahsaan; Swaney, Erin] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Emergency Preparedness Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Estacio, Peter L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Environm Hlth & Qual Assurance, Livermore, CA USA. [Elder, Ian A.] US Dept Homeland Secur, Washington, DC USA. [Morse, Brenda S.; Kellogg, Richard B.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Lab Preparedness & Response Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stanker, Larry] USDA ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. [Morse, Stephen A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hodge, DR (reprint author), Dept Homeland Secur, S&T BOD STOP 0201,245 Murray Lane, Washington, DC 20528 USA. EM David.Hodge@hq.dhs.gov NR 52 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 EI 1557-850X J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 11 IS 4 BP 237 EP 250 DI 10.1089/bsp.2013.0053 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 276KT UT WOS:000328749900003 PM 24320219 ER PT J AU Panter, KE Welch, KD Gardner, DR Green, BT AF Panter, Kip E. Welch, Kevin D. Gardner, Dale R. Green, Benedict T. TI Poisonous Plants: Effects on Embryo and Fetal Development SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART C-EMBRYO TODAY-REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE poisonous plants; alkaloids; birth defects; Veratrum; poison-hemlock; Nicotiana; lupine; reproduction; teratogenesis; embryo development ID LOCOWEED ASTRAGALUS-LENTIGINOSUS; STEROIDAL ALKALOID TERATOGENS; HEMLOCK CONIUM-MACULATUM; CROOKED CALF DISEASE; MATERNAL INGESTION; VERATRUM-CALIFORNICUM; NICOTIANA-GLAUCA; CLEFT-PALATE; OXYTROPIS-SERICEA; STEREOSELECTIVE POTENCIES AB Poisonous plant research in the United States began over 100 years ago as a result of livestock losses from toxic plants as settlers migrated westward with their flocks, herds, and families. Major losses were soon associated with poisonous plants, such as locoweeds, selenium accumulating plants, poison-hemlock, larkspurs, Veratrum, lupines, death camas, water hemlock, and others. Identification of plants associated with poisoning, chemistry of the plants, physiological effects, pathology, diagnosis, and prognosis, why animals eat the plants, and grazing management to mitigate losses became the overarching mission of the current Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory. Additionally, spin-off benefits resulting from the animal research have provided novel compounds, new techniques, and animal models to study human health conditions (biomedical research). The Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory has become an international leader of poisonous plant research as evidenced by the recent completion of the ninth International Symposium on Poisonous Plant Research held July 2013 in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. In this article, we review plants that negatively impact embryo/fetal and neonatal growth and development, with emphasis on those plants that cause birth defects. Although this article focuses on the general aspects of selected groups of plants and their effects on the developing offspring, a companion paper in this volume reviews current understanding of the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of toxicoses and teratogenesis. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 99:223-234, 2013. Published 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Panter, Kip E.; Welch, Kevin D.; Gardner, Dale R.; Green, Benedict T.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Panter, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NPA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM kip.panter@ars.usda.gov NR 83 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-975X EI 1542-9768 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES C JI Birth Defects Res. Part C-Embryo Today-Rev. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 99 IS 4 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.1002/bdrc.21053 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology GA 273RT UT WOS:000328554700001 PM 24339034 ER PT J AU Green, BT Lee, ST Welch, KD Panter, KE AF Green, Benedict T. Lee, Stephen T. Welch, Kevin D. Panter, Kip E. TI Plant Alkaloids that Cause Developmental Defects through the Disruption of Cholinergic Neurotransmission SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART C-EMBRYO TODAY-REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE piperidine alkaloids; pyridine alkaloids; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; desensitization; TrpB ID NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; HEMLOCK CONIUM-MACULATUM; MINOR TOBACCO ALKALOIDS; KYNURENINE FORMAMIDASE INHIBITION; COHOSH CAULOPHYLLUM-THALICTROIDES; CATION-PI INTERACTION; CROOKED CALF DISEASE; PREGNANT GOAT MODEL; WILD TREE TOBACCO; POISON-HEMLOCK AB The exposure of a developing embryo or fetus to alkaloids from plants, plant products, or plant extracts has the potential to cause developmental defects in humans and animals. These defects may have multiple causes, but those induced by piperidine and quinolizidine alkaloids arise from the inhibition of fetal movement and are generally referred to as multiple congenital contracture-type deformities. These skeletal deformities include arthrogyrposis, kyposis, lordosis, scoliosis, and torticollis, associated secondary defects, and cleft palate. Structure-function studies have shown that plant alkaloids with a piperidine ring and a minimum of a three-carbon side-chain to the piperidine nitrogen are teratogenic. Further studies determined that an unsaturation in the piperidine ring, as occurs in gamma coniceine, or anabaseine, enhances the toxic and teratogenic activity, whereas the N-methyl derivatives are less potent. Enantiomers of the piperidine teratogens, coniine, ammodendrine, and anabasine, also exhibit differences in biological activity, as shown in cell culture studies, suggesting variability in the activity due to the optical rotation at the chiral center of these stereoisomers. In this article, we review the molecular mechanism at the nicotinic pharmacophore and biological activities, as it is currently understood, of a group of piperidine and quinolizidine alkaloid teratogens that impart a series of flexure-type skeletal defects and cleft palate in animals. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 99:235-246, 2013. Published 2013 Wiley Priodicals, Inc. C1 [Green, Benedict T.; Lee, Stephen T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Panter, Kip E.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Green, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM Ben.Green@ars.usda.gov NR 125 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-975X EI 1542-9768 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES C JI Birth Defects Res. Part C-Embryo Today-Rev. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 99 IS 4 BP 235 EP 246 DI 10.1002/bdrc.21049 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology GA 273RT UT WOS:000328554700002 PM 24339035 ER PT J AU Sheffield-Moore, M Wiktorowicz, JE Soman, KV Danesi, CP Kinsky, MP Dillon, EL Randolph, KM Casperson, SL Gore, DC Horstman, AM Lynch, JP Doucet, BM Mettler, JA Ryder, JW Ploutz-Snyder, LL Hsu, JW Jahoor, F Jennings, K White, GR McCammon, SD Durham, WJ AF Sheffield-Moore, Melinda Wiktorowicz, John E. Soman, Kizhake V. Danesi, Christopher P. Kinsky, Michael P. Dillon, Edgar L. Randolph, Kathleen M. Casperson, Shannon L. Gore, Dennis C. Horstman, Astrid M. Lynch, James P. Doucet, Barbara M. Mettler, Joni A. Ryder, Jeffrey W. Ploutz-Snyder, Lori L. Hsu, Jean W. Jahoor, Farook Jennings, Kristofer White, Gregory R. McCammon, Susan D. Durham, William J. TI Sildenafil Increases Muscle Protein Synthesis and Reduces Muscle Fatigue SO CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE translational research; exercise; metabolism; protein S-nitrosylation ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; DUCHENNE MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; DEFICIENT SKELETAL-MUSCLE; S-NITROSYLATION; MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; METABOLIC-RATE; OLDER-ADULTS; CYCLIC-GMP; CAPACITY AB Reductions in skeletal muscle function occur during the course of healthy aging as well as with bed rest or diverse diseases such as cancer, muscular dystrophy, and heart failure. However, there are no accepted pharmacologic therapies to improve impaired skeletal muscle function. Nitric oxide may influence skeletal muscle function through effects on excitation-contraction coupling, myofibrillar function, perfusion, and metabolism. Here we show that augmentation of nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling by short-term daily administration of the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor sildenafil increases protein synthesis, alters protein expression and nitrosylation, and reduces fatigue in human skeletal muscle. These findings suggest that phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors represent viable pharmacologic interventions to improve muscle function. C1 [Sheffield-Moore, Melinda; Danesi, Christopher P.; Dillon, Edgar L.; Randolph, Kathleen M.; Horstman, Astrid M.; Lynch, James P.; Ryder, Jeffrey W.; Ploutz-Snyder, Lori L.; White, Gregory R.; Durham, William J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Wiktorowicz, John E.; Soman, Kizhake V.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Wiktorowicz, John E.; Soman, Kizhake V.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Mol Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Danesi, Christopher P.; Doucet, Barbara M.; Mettler, Joni A.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Rehabil Sci, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Kinsky, Michael P.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Anesthesiol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Casperson, Shannon L.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Cell Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Gore, Dennis C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Surg, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Ryder, Jeffrey W.; Ploutz-Snyder, Lori L.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Houston, TX USA. [Hsu, Jean W.; Jahoor, Farook] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jennings, Kristofer] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth Epidemiol & Bio, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [McCammon, Susan D.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Otolaryngol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RP Durham, WJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM wjdurham@utmb.edu FU Institute for Translational Sciences at the University of Texas Medical Branch; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [UL1TR000071]; Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [5P30-AG024832]; National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging [R01 AG21539]; National Cancer Institute [5R01CA127971] FX This study was conducted with the support of the Institute for Translational Sciences at the University of Texas Medical Branch (supported in part by a Clinical and Translational Science Award (UL1TR000071) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health), a pilot grant (to W.J.D.) from the Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (5P30-AG024832), and grants from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging (R01 AG21539, to M. S. M.) and National Cancer Institute (5R01CA127971, to M.S.M.). NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-8054 EI 1752-8062 J9 CTS-CLIN TRANSL SCI JI CTS-Clin. Transl. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 6 IS 6 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1111/cts.12121 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 272MJ UT WOS:000328464500013 PM 24330691 ER PT J AU D'Amato, AW Bradford, JB Fraver, S Palik, BJ AF D'Amato, Anthony W. Bradford, John B. Fraver, Shawn Palik, Brian J. TI Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE climate change; growth-climate relationships; Minnesota; USA; Pinus resinosa ID ABIES L. KARST.; MORTALITY; GROWTH; STAND; TRANSPIRATION; STRATEGIES; USA AB Reducing tree densities through silvicultural thinning has been widely advocated as a strategy for enhancing resistance and resilience to drought, yet few empirical evaluations of this approach exist. We examined detailed dendrochronological data from a long-term (>50 years) replicated thinning experiment to determine if density reductions conferred greater resistance and/or resilience to droughts, assessed by the magnitude of stand-level growth reductions. Our results suggest that thinning generally enhanced drought resistance and resilience; however, this relationship showed a pronounced reversal over time in stands maintained at lower tree densities. Specifically, lower-density stands exhibited greater resistance and resilience at younger ages (49 years), yet exhibited lower resistance and resilience at older ages (76 years), relative to higher-density stands. We attribute this reversal to significantly greater tree sizes attained within the lower-density stands through stand development, which in turn increased tree-level water demand during the later droughts. Results from response-function analyses indicate that thinning altered growth-climate relationships, such that higher-density stands were more sensitive to growing-season precipitation relative to lower-density stands. These results confirm the potential of density management to moderate drought impacts on growth, and they highlight the importance of accounting for stand structure when predicting climate-change impacts to forests. C1 [D'Amato, Anthony W.; Fraver, Shawn] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MI 55744 USA. [Fraver, Shawn] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP D'Amato, AW (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM damato@umn.edu RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center; U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX We thank K. Budrow, D. Kastendick, J. Kragthorpe, and J. Segari for assistance with collection and processing of tree-ring samples. We are indebted to scientists and technicians who maintained the Birch Lake experiment, particularly R. Barse, J. Benzie, R. Buckman, and J. Elioff. Funding was provided by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station (to A. W. D'Amato), the Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center, and the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 25 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 5 U2 55 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 8 BP 1735 EP 1742 DI 10.1890/13-0677.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 273XA UT WOS:000328568400001 PM 24555305 ER PT J AU Ouyang, Y Leininger, TD Moran, M AF Ouyang, Ying Leininger, Theodor D. Moran, Matt TI Impacts of reforestation upon sediment load and water outflow in the Lower Yazoo River Watershed, Mississippi SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Land use; Reforestation; Sediment load; Water outflow; Yazoo River Watershed ID ALLUVIAL VALLEY; NITROGEN; WETLANDS; QUALITY; BASIN; LAND AB Among the world's largest coastal and river basins, the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley (LMRAV) is one of the most disturbed by human activities. This study ascertained the impacts of reforestation on water outflow attenuation (i.e., water flow out of the watershed outlet) and sediment load reduction in the Lower Yazoo River Watershed (LYRW) within the LMRAV using the US-EPA's BASINS-HSPF model. The model was calibrated and validated with available experimental data prior to its application. Two simulation scenarios were then performed: one was chosen to predict the water outflow and sediment load without reforestation and the other was selected to project the potential impacts of reforestation upon water outflow attenuation and sediment load reduction following the conversion of 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the agricultural lands with most lands near or in the batture of the streams. Comparison of the two simulation scenarios (i.e., with and without reforestation) showed that a conversion of agricultural land into forests attenuated water outflow and reduced sediment load. In general, a two-fold increase in forest land area resulted in approximately a two-fold reduction in annual water outflow volume and sediment load mass, which occurred because forests absorb water and reduce surface water runoff and prevent soil erosion. On average, over a 10-year simulation, the specific water outflow attenuation and sediment load reduction were, respectively, 250 m(3)/ha/y and 4.02 metric ton/ha/y. Seasonal variations of water outflow attenuation and sediment load reduction occurred with the maximum attenuation/reduction in winter and the minimum attenuation/reduction in summer. Our load duration curve analysis further confirmed that an increase in forest land area reduced the likelihood of a given sediment load out of the watershed outlet. This study suggests that reforestation in or around the batture of streams is a useful practice for water outflow attenuation and sediment load reduction. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ouyang, Ying; Moran, Matt] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Leininger, Theodor D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Ouyang, Y (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, 100 Stone Blvd,Thompson Hall,Room 309, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM youyang@fs.fed.us FU US Endowment for Forestry and Communities (Endowment), Greenville, SC FX The study was supported by US Endowment for Forestry and Communities (Endowment), Greenville, SC. The authors thank Mr. Peter Stangel from the Endowment for his valuable comments and suggestions. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 61 BP 394 EP 406 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.057 PN A PG 13 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 272UO UT WOS:000328487200048 ER PT J AU Dawson, JC Endelman, JB Heslot, N Crossa, J Poland, J Dreisigacker, S Manes, Y Sorrells, ME Jannink, JL AF Dawson, Julie C. Endelman, Jeffrey B. Heslot, Nicolas Crossa, Jose Poland, Jesse Dreisigacker, Susanne Manes, Yann Sorrells, Mark E. Jannink, Jean-Luc TI The use of unbalanced historical data for genomic selection in an international wheat breeding program SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Genomic selection; Genotype-by-environment interaction; Wheat breeding; Unbalanced data; Mega-environments ID LINEAR UNBIASED PREDICTION; YIELD TESTING LOCATIONS; TRIALS; ENVIRONMENTS; ASSOCIATIONS; ADAPTATION; OPTIMIZE; AREAS AB Genomic selection (GS) offers breeders the possibility of using historic data and unbalanced breeding trials to form training populations for predicting the performance of new lines. However, when using datasets that are unbalanced over time and space, there is increasing exposure to different genotype - environment combinations and interactions that may make predictions less accurate. Global cross-validated genomic prediction accuracies may be high when using large historic datasets but accuracies for individual years using a forward-prediction approach, or accuracies for individual locations, are often much lower. The objective of this study was to evaluate the overall accuracy of genomic predictions for untested genotypes using an unbalanced dataset to train a genomic selection model, and to explore ways of combining genomic selection and genotype-by-environment (GxE) interaction models to better target untested lines to different locations. Using the International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement's (CIMMYT) Semi-Arid Wheat Yield Trials (SAWYT) we assessed the accuracy of genomic predictions and the potential to subset these nurseries using the concept of mega-environments (ME) adapted to a genomic selection context. We found that there was no difference in accuracy between models accounting for GxE interactions and global models. Data-driven methods of clustering locations based on similarities in genomic predictions also failed to improve accuracies within clusters. Using a simulation based on the empirical SAWYT data, we found that if there were different true genotypic values between clusters, there was an advantage to modeling GxE in prediction models. In the SAWYT dataset it appears that there is not a consistent pattern of genotype-by-environment interaction among the ME, and this dataset is not balanced enough to partition into new clusters that have predictive power. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dawson, Julie C.; Endelman, Jeffrey B.; Heslot, Nicolas; Sorrells, Mark E.; Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Heslot, Nicolas] Limagrain Europe, F-63720 Chappes, France. [Poland, Jesse] USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Poland, Jesse] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Crossa, Jose; Dreisigacker, Susanne; Manes, Yann] CIMMYT, Int Maize & Wheat Improvement, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Dawson, JC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, 240 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jcd11@cornell.edu OI Crossa, Jose/0000-0001-9429-5855; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX This research was supported by a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The authors would like to thank all of CIMMYTs international collaborators for participating in the SAWYT network and for returning data on CIMMYT varieties. NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 154 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.07.020 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 276AN UT WOS:000328720600002 ER PT J AU Islamovic, E Obert, DE Oliver, RE Marshall, JM Miclaus, K Hang, A Chao, S Lazo, GR Harrison, SA Ibrahim, A Jellen, EN Maughan, PJ Brown, RH Jackson, EW AF Islamovic, Emir Obert, Donald E. Oliver, Rebekah E. Marshall, Juliet M. Miclaus, KelciJ. Hang, An Chao, Shiaoman Lazo, Gerard R. Harrison, Stephen A. Ibrahim, Amir Jellen, Eric N. Maughan, Peter J. Brown, Ryan H. Jackson, Eric W. TI A new genetic linkage map of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) facilitates genetic dissection of height and spike length and angle SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Molecular markers; Genetic linkage map; QTL mapping; Barley; Height; Spike ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; DENSITY CONSENSUS MAP; GREEN-REVOLUTION; DWARFING GENE; DART MARKERS; QTL ANALYSIS; GIBBERELLIN; GENOME; RESISTANCE AB Plant height and spike length and angle are important agronomic traits in the production of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) due to strong correlations with lodging and disease. The objective of this study was to use QTL analysis to identify genetic regions associated with each trait in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population derived from a cross of Falcon by Azhul. Falcon is a spring six-row hulless feed barley with long spikes displaying obtuse angles, while Azhul is a spring dwarf, six-row hulless food barley with short spikes displaying acute angles. The population was genotyped using SNP, DArT and SSR markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected on chromosomes 2H (102.8 cM, spike length), 3H (89.2 cM, plant height and 38.2, spike angle and length), 4H (19.0 cM, spike length), and 5H (106.7 cM, spike angle). In conclusion, we developed a barley genetic map, which incorporated SNP, DArT and SSR markers, for detection of height and spike length and angle QTL. Three spike angle, one spike length and one plant height QTL were novel and by using comparative genomics we identified possible candidate genes involved in gibberellic acid signaling and auxin- and ethylene-responsive pathways. This knowledge can be used to generate suitable markers for barley breeding improvement. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Islamovic, Emir; Hang, An] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Brown, Ryan H.; Jackson, Eric W.] Gen Mills Inc, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. [Obert, Donald E.] Limagrain Cereal Seeds, Battle Ground, IN 47905 USA. [Miclaus, KelciJ.] JMP Genom Dev, SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Jellen, Eric N.; Maughan, Peter J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Lazo, Gerard R.] USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Harrison, Stephen A.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Ibrahim, Amir] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Life Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Marshall, Juliet M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Idaho Falls, ID 83660 USA. [Oliver, Rebekah E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Jackson, EW (reprint author), Gen Mills Inc, 150 Res Campus Dr, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. EM Eric.jackson@genmills.com RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 FU USDA Barley for Rural Development; Idaho Barley Commission FX We thank and recognize the efforts of Irene Shackelford for development of the population and for her management of the Idaho field projects. In addition we thank Robert Campbell, Rebecca Caldera, Chris Evans, Kathy Satterfield and the staff of the University of Idaho Research and Extension Experiment Stations in Tetonia and Aberdeen, Idaho for field management. This work was funded by the USDA Barley for Rural Development Grant and the Idaho Barley Commission. The authors recognize and appreciate the support of Idaho barley growers and Ms. Kelly Olson. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 EI 1872-6852 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 154 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.06.001 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 276AN UT WOS:000328720600010 ER PT J AU Ross-Davis, AL Stewart, JE Hanna, JW Kim, MS Knaus, BJ Cronn, R Rai, H Richardson, BA McDonald, GI Klopfenstein, NB AF Ross-Davis, A. L. Stewart, J. E. Hanna, J. W. Kim, M. -S. Knaus, B. J. Cronn, R. Rai, H. Richardson, B. A. McDonald, G. I. Klopfenstein, N. B. TI Transcriptome of an Armillaria root disease pathogen reveals candidate genes involved in host substrate utilization at the host-pathogen interface SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WHITE-ROT FUNGI; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; I ALPHA-GENE; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; POSTIA-PLACENTA; WOOD DECAY; SECRETOME ANALYSIS; ELONGATION-FACTOR; PONDEROSA PINE AB Armillaria species display diverse ecological roles ranging from beneficial saprobe to virulent pathogen. Armillaria solidipes (formerly A.ostoyae), a causal agent of Armillaria root disease, is a virulent primary pathogen with a broad host range of woody plants across the Northern Hemisphere. This white-rot pathogen grows between trees as rhizomorphs and attacks sapwood as mycelial fans under the bark. Armillaria root disease is responsible for reduced forest productivity due to direct tree mortality and non-lethal infections that impact growth. Here, we characterize a transcriptome of a widespread, virulent genet (vegetative clone) of A.solidipes isolated from a mycelial fan on a natural grand fir (Abies grandis) sapling in northern Idaho, USA. cDNA from polyA(+)-purified total RNA was sequenced using a single-end read approach on the Illumina GAIIx platform which generated 24170384 reads. A BLASTx search against the NCBI nr database using 39943 de novo assembled contigs resulted in 24442 sequences with significant hits (e-value<1e(-3)), predominantly to fungi (85%). A filtered data set of 20882 assembled transcripts that encoded putative homologous fungal proteins was created and used for all subsequent analyses. Signal P identified 10668 putative signal peptides from these fungal transcripts, and 14360 were annotated with gene ontology terms. Several sequences showed strong homology to annotated genes with functions in pathogenesis, specifically those involved in plant cell wall degradation and response to the post-infection host environment. This transcriptome contributes to the growing body of resources for studies on fungal pathogens of woody plants, and our results provide useful insights towards identifying specific genes with potential roles associated with pathogenesis and other metabolic functions. C1 [Ross-Davis, A. L.; Hanna, J. W.; McDonald, G. I.; Klopfenstein, N. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Stewart, J. E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. [Kim, M. -S.] Kookmin Univ, Dept Forestry Environm & Syst, Seoul, South Korea. [Knaus, B. J.; Cronn, R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Rai, H.; Richardson, B. A.] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Richardson, B. A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Provo, UT USA. RP Klopfenstein, NB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM nklopfenstein@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Western Forest Transcriptome Survey and Joint Venture Agreement [07-JV-11221662-285] FX The authors thank Tara Jennings for laboratory assistance. This project was partially funded by the USDA Forest Service Western Forest Transcriptome Survey and Joint Venture Agreement (07-JV-11221662-285). NR 90 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1437-4781 EI 1439-0329 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 IS 6 BP 468 EP 477 DI 10.1111/efp.12056 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 270SO UT WOS:000328339200005 ER PT J AU Roesch, FA Van Deusen, PC AF Roesch, Francis A. Van Deusen, Paul C. TI Time as a Dimension of the Sample Design in National-Scale Forest Inventories SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sampling forest change; spatiotemporal sample design; size class estimation ID COMPONENTS AB Historically, the goal of forest inventories has been to determine the extent of the timber resource. Predictions of how the resource was changing were made by comparing differences between successive inventories. The general view of the associated sample design was with selection probabilities based on land area observed at a discrete point in time. Time was not considered to be part of the sample design because it was not considered to be an element of the sampled population. Over the last few decades, the general goal of many national-scale forest inventories has been changing to monitoring the dynamic forest ecosystem. Here, we explore the inferential advantages of replacing the two-dimensional areal probability paradigm with a three-dimensional spatiotemporal probability paradigm. Our general discussion is augmented with a simulated example for estimating annual growth by diameter classes. Two assumptions of temporal indifference and remeasurement interval length indifference, which arose because of the two-dimensional view, are investigated through a simulation. The simulation compares and contrasts five estimators that differ in their reliance on those assumptions to make annual estimates. The results of the simulations often show those assumptions to be bias inducing. C1 [Roesch, Francis A.] Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC USA. [Van Deusen, Paul C.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, Tewksbury, MA USA. RP Roesch, FA (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC USA. EM froesch@fs.fed.us; pvandeus@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Program; National Council for Air and Stream Improvement FX The authors were funded by their respective institutions, the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Program and the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement. The authors thank the associate editor and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 59 IS 6 BP 610 EP 622 DI 10.5849/forsci.12-075 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 273IH UT WOS:000328528000002 ER PT J AU Zhang, JW Oliver, WW Ritchie, MW Neal, DL AF Zhang, Jianwei Oliver, William W. Ritchie, Martin W. Neal, Donald L. TI Overstory and Understory Dynamics in a Ponderosa Pine Plantation Vary with Stand Density in the Sierra Nevada: 40-Year Results SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE growing stocks; stand development; thinning; understory production and species diversity; mortality ID AGE-RELATED DECLINE; NORTHERN ARIZONA; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; MANAGEMENT TREATMENTS; VEGETATION RESPONSES; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; GROWTH; WESTERN AB We periodically measured overstory ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) growth and understory cover and abundance in a long-term study on the west slope of the Sierra Nevada, California, USA. The study was established in 1969 in a 20-year-old plantation, thinned to basal areas of 9, 16, 23, 30, and 37 m(2) ha(-1) and rethinned three times. The objective was to determine the effect of stand density regimes on productivity, understory vegetation, aboveground carbon storage, and mortality caused mainly by Dendroctonus infestations. Results showed that without mortality, basal area and volume increments were not affected by thinning the plantation to 16 m(2) ha(-1) from 37 m(2) ha(-1). With Dendroctonus actively attacking trees, the plantation could be thinned to 9 m(2) ha(-1) without sacrificing volume increment, because the level of mortality increased with stand density index. The thinning intensity did not affect the abundance of understory vegetation but did affect the cover of understory trees and graminoids. Intensively managed plantations could sequester and store the same amount of carbon as less intensively managed plantations. However, because fire is a major component in a pine-dominant ecosystem, carbon in larger diameter trees would be more resilient to wildfire than carbon in small diameter trees or understory vegetation. C1 [Zhang, Jianwei] Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA USA. [Oliver, William W.; Ritchie, Martin W.; Neal, Donald L.] Forest Serv, USDA, Redding, CA USA. RP Zhang, JW (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA USA. EM jianweizhang@fs.fed.us; wwoliver9@gmail.com; mritchie@fs.fed.us; dneal384@att.net NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 59 IS 6 BP 670 EP 680 DI 10.5849/forsci.10-033 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 273IH UT WOS:000328528000007 ER PT J AU Lado, B Matus, I Rodriguez, A Inostroza, L Poland, J Belzile, F del Pozo, A Quincke, M Castro, M von Zitzewitz, J AF Lado, Bettina Matus, Ivan Rodriguez, Alejandra Inostroza, Luis Poland, Jesse Belzile, Francois del Pozo, Alejandro Quincke, Martin Castro, Marina von Zitzewitz, Jarislav TI Increased Genomic Prediction Accuracy in Wheat Breeding Through Spatial Adjustment of Field Trial Data SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE genotyping-by-sequencing; genomic selection; wheat; single nucleotide polymorphism; quantitative trait locus; spatial Correction; GBLUP; Shared data resources; GenPred ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; MOLECULAR MARKERS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; CROP IMPROVEMENT; GENETIC VALUES; EVOLUTION; GENOTYPE; MODELS AB In crop breeding, the interest of predicting the performance of candidate cultivars in the field has increased due to recent advances in molecular breeding technologies. However, the complexity of the wheat genome presents some challenges for applying new technologies in molecular marker identification with next-generation sequencing. We applied genotyping-by-sequencing, a recently developed method to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms, in the genomes of 384 wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes that were field tested under three different water regimes in Mediterranean climatic conditions: rain-fed only, mild water stress, and fully irrigated. We identified 102,324 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in these genotypes, and the phenotypic data were used to train and test genomic selection models intended to predict yield, thousand-kernel weight, number of kernels per spike, and heading date. Phenotypic data showed marked spatial variation. Therefore, different models were tested to correct the trends observed in the field. A mixed-model using moving-means as a covariate was found to best fit the data. When we applied the genomic selection models, the accuracy of predicted traits increased with spatial adjustment. Multiple genomic selection models were tested, and a Gaussian kernel model was determined to give the highest accuracy. The best predictions between environments were obtained when data from different years were used to train the model. Our results confirm that genotyping-by-sequencing is an effective tool to obtain genome-wide information for crops with complex genomes, that these data are efficient for predicting traits, and that correction of spatial variation is a crucial ingredient to increase prediction accuracy in genomic selection models. C1 [Lado, Bettina; Quincke, Martin; Castro, Marina; von Zitzewitz, Jarislav] Inst Nacl Invest Agr, Programa Nacl Invest Cultivos Secano, Est Exp La Estanzuela 70000, Colonia, Uruguay. [Matus, Ivan; Rodriguez, Alejandra; Inostroza, Luis] Ctr Reg Invest Quilamapu, Inst Invest Agr, Chillan, Chile. [Poland, Jesse] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Poland, Jesse] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Belzile, Francois] Univ Laval, Dept Phytol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Belzile, Francois] Univ Laval, IBIS, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [del Pozo, Alejandro] Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Agr, Talca, Chile. RP von Zitzewitz, J (reprint author), SECOBRA Saatzucht GmbH, Feldkirchen 3, D-85368 Moosburg, Germany. EM jari.zitzewitz@secobra.com OI Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU FONDECYT [1110732]; [FONTAGRO ATN/OC-11943] FX We thank Alejandro Castro for technical assistance in field experiments. This work was supported by the research grants FONTAGRO ATN/OC-11943 and FONDECYT no. 1110732. NR 61 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 32 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 3 IS 12 BP 2105 EP 2114 DI 10.1534/g3.113.007807 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 270QV UT WOS:000328334500001 PM 24082033 ER PT J AU Schwartz, BM Contreras, RN Harris-Shultz, KR Heckart, DL Peake, JB Raymer, PL AF Schwartz, Brian M. Contreras, Ryan N. Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Heckart, Douglas L. Peake, Jason B. Raymer, Paul L. TI Discovery and Characterization of a Turf-type Triploid Seashore Paspalum SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbol fuchsin; cytology; DAPI; flow cytometry; Paspalum vaginatum; PI; polyploid; turfgrass ID NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT; GENOME RELATIONS; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; VAGINATUM; HYBRIDS; NOTATUM AB Seashore paspalum is a salt tolerant, predominately diploid (2n = 2x = 20) species that is well adapted to coastal regions in tropical and subtropical environments. Because a majority of the available cultivars are propagated vegetatively and most genotypes are cross-fertile, a sterile cultivar that does not produce segregating seedlings would benefit sod growers and turfgrass managers who demand uniformity for certification and performance. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to create a colchicine-induced polyploid seashore paspalum. One triploid (2n = 3x = 30) genotype (11-TSP-1) was identified and remains stable. Although there is a possibility that this event was triggered by the colchicine treatment, a more likely explanation is that it resulted from the union of a reduced and an unreduced gamete. Pollen shed was observed from 11-TSP-1 in 2011, but individual pollen grains stained with iodine potassium iodide were irregularly shaped and typically had lower starch content than pollen from several diploid cultivars. The leaf width of 11-TSP-1 was statistically equal to that of the seashore paspalum cultivar SeaStar, indicating its potential for use as a fine turf. 11-TSP-1 had both superior visual color and a dark green color index when compared with 'SeaStar'. Future study of the reproductive fertility and more extensive field testing of this genotype should be carried out to determine its turfgrass potential. Chemical names used: 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), iodine-potassium iodide (I-2-KI), propidium iodide (PI). C1 [Schwartz, Brian M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Contreras, Ryan N.] OR State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Heckart, Douglas L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Peake, Jason B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Agr Leadership Educ & Commun, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Raymer, Paul L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Schwartz, BM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 2360 Rainwater Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM tifturf@uga.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2013 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1424 EP 1427 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 280DR UT WOS:000329009400001 ER PT J AU Volk, GM Henk, AD Richards, CM Forsline, PL Chao, CT AF Volk, Gayle M. Henk, Adam D. Richards, Christopher M. Forsline, Philip L. Chao, C. Thomas TI Malus sieversii: A Diverse Central Asian Apple Species in the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genepool; genetic diversity; Malus pumila; subspecies; taxonomy ID X-DOMESTICA BORKH.; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CULTIVATED APPLE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MALOIDEAE ROSACEAE; GENUS MALUS; COLLECTION; MICROSATELLITES; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISM AB There are several Central Asian Malus species and varieties in the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) apple collection. Malus sieversii is the most comprehensively collected species native to Central Asia. Other taxa such as M. sieversii var. kirghisorunz, M. sieversii var. turkmenorum, M. pumila, and M. pumila var. niedzwetzkyana have primarily been donated to the collection by other institutions and arboreta. We sought to determine if genetic and/or phenotypic differences among the individuals that make up the gene pools of these taxa in the NPGS exhibit unique characteristics. Genetic data, based on microsatellite analyses, suggested that the diversity within each taxa is significantly greater than that among taxa. Trait data also revealed very few differences among taxa, the primary characteristic being the dark red fruit coloration and tinted flesh color of the accessions assigned to M. pumila var. niedzwetzkyana resulting from a known single-gene mutation in anthocyanin production. We found that M. sieversii is a highly diverse species with a range in genetic and phenotypic trait variation that includes the characteristics of the other Central Asian taxa of interest. We conclude that the gene pools that comprise the accessions within the NPGS Central Asian Malus collection are highly overlapping with respect to both phenotypic traits and genotypic characters. C1 [Volk, Gayle M.; Henk, Adam D.; Richards, Christopher M.; Chao, C. Thomas] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Forsline, Philip L.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 South Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM gvolk@lamar.colostate.edu RI Richards, Christopher/A-8328-2013 OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079 NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2013 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1440 EP 1444 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 280DR UT WOS:000329009400004 ER PT J AU Larco, H Strik, BC Bryla, DR Sullivan, DM AF Larco, Handell Strik, Bernadine C. Bryla, David R. Sullivan, Dan M. TI Mulch and Fertilizer Management Practices for Organic Production of Highbush Blueberry. II. Impact on Plant and Soil Nutrients during Establishment SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE compost; feather meal; fish emulsion; landscape fabric; macronutrients; micronutrients; nitrogen; raised beds; sawdust; tissue nutrient concentration; Vaccinium corymbosum; weed mat ID NITROGEN-FERTILIZER; FIELD ESTABLISHMENT; GROWTH; YIELD; ALLOCATION; NUTRITION; ORCHARD; BIOMASS; COSTS; APPLE AB A systems trial was established in Oct. 2006 to evaluate management practices for organic production of northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). The practices included: flat and raised planting beds; feather meal and fish emulsion fertilizer each applied at rates of 29 and 57 kg.ha(-1) nitrogen (N); sawdust mulch, compost topped with sawdust mulch (compost + sawdust), or weed mat; and two cultivars, Duke and Liberty. Each treatment was irrigated by drip and weeds were controlled as needed. The planting was certified organic in 2008. Bed type affected most leaf nutrients measured in one or both cultivars during the first year after planting, including N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), but had less of an effect on leaf nutrients and no effect on soil pH, organic matter, or soil nutrients measured the next year. Feather meal contained 12 times more Ca and seven times more B than fish emulsion and resulted in higher levels of soil Ca and soil and leaf B in both cultivars, whereas fish emulsion contained three times more P, 100 times more K, and 60 times more copper (Cu) and resulted in higher levels of soil P, K, and Cu as well as a higher level of leaf P and K. Fish emulsion also reduced soil pH. Compost + sawdust mulch increased soil pH and organic matter and resulted in higher levels of soil nitrate-N (NO3-N), P, K, Ca, B, Cu, and Zn than sawdust alone and increased leaf K and B. Weed mat, in contrast, resulted in the lowest soil pH and increased soil ammonium-N (NH4-N). Weed mat also reduced soil Ca and Mg, but its effects on leaf nutrients were variable. Leaf Ca, Mg, and B were below levels recommended for blueberry the first year after planting when plants were fertilized with fish emulsion, whereas leaf N was low or deficient on average in the second year when plants were fertilized with feather meal. Leaf B was also low the second year in all treatments, and leaf Cu was marginally low. Leaf K, conversely, increased from the previous year and was becoming marginally high with fish emulsion. Fish emulsion, weed mat, and compost were generally the most favorable practices in terms of plant and soil nutrition. However, given the impact of each on soil pH and/or plant and soil K, further investigation is needed to determine whether these practices are sustainable over the long term for both conventional and organic production of highbush blueberry. C1 [Larco, Handell; Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Sullivan, Dan M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Strik, BC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM strikb@hort.oregonstate.edu FU Oregon Blueberry Commission; Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; Washington Blueberry Commission; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [OREI 2008-513000-04443] FX We recognize the financial support provided by the Oregon Blueberry Commission, the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, the Washington Blueberry Commission, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Formula Grant No. OREI 2008-513000-04443), and our industry contributors. We appreciate the valuable assistance of Emily Vollmer and Gil Buller at the NWREC, Oregon State University. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 37 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2013 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1484 EP 1495 PG 12 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 280DR UT WOS:000329009400011 ER PT J AU Lee, J Mattheis, JP Rudell, DR AF Lee, Jinwook Mattheis, James P. Rudell, David R. TI Fruit Size Affects Physiological Attributes and Storage Disorders in Cold-stored 'Royal Gala' Apples SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE 1-MCP; cracking; flesh breakdown; stem-end browning ID CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE STORAGE; 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE 1-MCP; HARVEST DATE; HONEYCRISP APPLES; SUPERFICIAL SCALD; DELICIOUS APPLE; SENSORY QUALITY; SOFT SCALD; MATURITY; CULTIVARS AB 'Royal Gala' apple [Males sylvestris (L.) Mill var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] fruit can be susceptible to the development of postharvest disorders such as flesh breakdown and cracking (splitting) during and after cold storage. The objective of this research was to investigate fruit size and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment effects on fruit physiological attributes and incidence and severity of storage disorders in 'Royal Gala' apples held in cold storage. In 2011, fruit segregated at harvest into two groups based on size (120 to 175, 250 to 350 g/fruit) were stored in air at 0.5 degrees C for 6 months and then at 20 degrees C for 7 days. In 2012, fruit were sorted into four groups (less than 200, 200 to 240,241 to 280, and greater than 280 g/fruit), treated with 0 or 1 mu L.L-1 1-MCP for 12 hours, and then stored in air at 0.5 degrees C for 3 or 6 months. Storage disorders were only detected at 6 months, regardless of 1-MCP treatment. In both control and 1-MCP-treated fruit, flesh breakdown incidence increased with fruit size, whereas severity was less associated with size. The progression of flesh breakdown developed in overall cortex tissue of control fruit but only detected in the stem-end tissue of 1-MCP-treated fruit. Internal ethylene concentration (IEC) decreased and CO2 production increased with increased fruit weight; however, 1-MCP-treated fruit had low IEC regardless of weight. Cortex tissue lightness (L-star) increased with fruit size irrespective of tissue localization (stem end, equatorial, calyx end) at harvest. During 6 months' storage, L-star decreased with increased fruit size in controls but not 1-MCP-treated fruit. Fruit fresh weight loss increased with fruit size and storage duration, more so in controls when compared with 1-MCP-treated fruit. Furthermore, fruit circumference increased during storage with fruit size only for control fruit. These physical changes are associated with susceptibility of large fruit to flesh breakdown more so than small fruit. Reduced flesh breakdown incidence, progression of symptoms from the stem end into the cortex, and symptom severity in 1-MCP-treated fruit may indicate flesh breakdown is related to fruit ripening and senescence. C1 [Lee, Jinwook; Mattheis, James P.; Rudell, David R.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Mattheis, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM james.mattheis@ars.usda.gov FU AgroFresh, Inc. FX Financial support for this research was received from AgroFresh, Inc. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2013 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1518 EP 1524 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 280DR UT WOS:000329009400016 ER PT J AU Pounders, C Scheffler, BE Rinehart, TA AF Pounders, Cecil Scheffler, Brian E. Rinehart, Timothy A. TI 'Ebony Embers', 'Ebony Fire', 'Ebony Flame', 'Ebony Glow', and 'Ebony and Ivory' Dark-leaf Crapemyrtles SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Lagerstroemia; leaf pigmentation; ornamental breeding ID LAGERSTROEMIA C1 [Pounders, Cecil; Rinehart, Timothy A.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Pounders, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, 810 Highway 26 West, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM Cecil.Pounders@ars.usda.gov OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2013 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1568 EP 1570 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 280DR UT WOS:000329009400024 ER PT J AU Ganeshan, M Murtugudde, R Strack, J AF Ganeshan, Manisha Murtugudde, Raghu Strack, John TI The Role of Negative Buoyancy in Surface-Based Convection and Its Representation in Cumulus Parameterization Schemes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Buoyancy; Convective-scale processes; Satellite observations; Convective parameterization; Model errors ID DIURNAL CYCLE; ADJUSTMENT SCHEME; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; PRECIPITATION; SENSITIVITY; SATELLITE; SYSTEMS AB Several warm season, late-afternoon precipitation events are simulated over the Chesapeake Bay watershed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model at three different resolutions. The onset and peak of surface-based convection are predicted to occur prematurely when two popular cumulus parameterization schemes (Betts-Miller-Janji and Kain-Fritsch) are used. Rainfall predictions are significantly improved with explicit convection. The early bias appears to be associated with the inadequacy in representing convective inhibition (CIN) or negative buoyancy in the trigger for moist convection. In particular, both schemes have weak constraints for the negative buoyancy above cloud base and below the level of free convection, leading to premature rainfall. Satellite-derived soundings suggest that, even with extremely favorable conditions, negative buoyancy in this layer may delay the onset of surface-based convection. Other factors, such as enhanced mixing due to overactive shallow convection, also appear to contribute to the early rainfall bias through the premature removal of CIN during the day. C1 [Ganeshan, Manisha; Murtugudde, Raghu] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Murtugudde, Raghu] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Strack, John] ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, USDA, Big Spring, TX USA. RP Ganeshan, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mganeshan@atmos.umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research's Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (ONR DDYNAMO) grant; NASA Physical Oceanography grant; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center grant FX The authors thank Dr. Elisabeth Weisz for her valuable help in retrieving atmospheric soundings using AIRS satellite data. Author RM gratefully acknowledges the Office of Naval Research's Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (ONR DDYNAMO) and NASA Physical Oceanography and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center grants for partial support. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 52 IS 12 BP 2887 EP 2905 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0181.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 270WG UT WOS:000328349300017 ER PT J AU Cooper, J Noon, M Jones, C Kahn, E Arbuckle, P AF Cooper, Joyce Noon, Michael Jones, Chris Kahn, Ezra Arbuckle, Peter TI Big Data in Life Cycle Assessment SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ECOLOGY C1 [Cooper, Joyce; Noon, Michael; Jones, Chris] Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Design Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kahn, Ezra; Arbuckle, Peter] USDA, Natl Agr Lib, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cooper, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Box 352600, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM cooperjs@u.washington.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library [Univ_Washington_SCA 6-29-10] FX This work was, in part, funded by the United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library under cooperative agreement Univ_Washington_SCA 6-29-10. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1088-1980 EI 1530-9290 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 17 IS 6 BP 796 EP 799 DI 10.1111/jiec.12069 PG 4 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 272MC UT WOS:000328463800002 ER PT J AU Scott, JG Michel, K Bartholomay, LC Siegfried, BD Hunter, WB Smagghe, G Zhu, KY Douglas, AE AF Scott, Jeffrey G. Michel, Kristin Bartholomay, Lyric C. Siegfried, Blair D. Hunter, Wayne B. Smagghe, Guy Zhu, Kun Yan Douglas, Angela E. TI Towards the elements of successful insect RNAi SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Antiviral therapy; dsRNA; Insect pest control; RNA interference; siRNA; Systemic RNAi ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; SMALL SILENCING RNAS; RHODNIUS-PROLIXUS HEMIPTERA; TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN SID-1; MOSQUITO ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI; SYSTEMIC RNAI; C-ELEGANS; SINDBIS VIRUS; BOMBYX-MORI AB RNA interference (RNAi), the sequence-specific suppression of gene expression, offers great opportunities for insect science, especially to analyze gene function, manage pest populations, and reduce disease pathogens. The accumulating body of literature on insect RNAi has revealed that the efficiency of RNAi varies between different species, the mode of RNAi delivery, and the genes being targeted. There is also variation in the duration of transcript suppression. At present, we have a limited capacity to predict the ideal experimental strategy for RNAi of a particular gene/insect because of our incomplete understanding of whether and how the RNAi signal is amplified and spread among insect cells. Consequently, development of the optimal RNAi protocols is a highly empirical process. This limitation can be relieved by systematic analysis of the molecular physiological basis of RNAi mechanisms in insects. An enhanced conceptual understanding of RNAi function in insects will facilitate the application of RNAi for dissection of gene function, and to fast-track the application of RNAi to both control pests and develop effective methods to protect beneficial insects and non-insect arthropods, particularly the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and cultured Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from viral and parasitic diseases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Scott, Jeffrey G.; Douglas, Angela E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Michel, Kristin] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bartholomay, Lyric C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Siegfried, Blair D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Hunter, Wayne B.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Smagghe, Guy] Univ Ghent, Dept Crop Protect, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Zhu, Kun Yan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Douglas, AE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM aes326@cornell.edu FU NIH [R01 AI095842]; NSF [1114370]; ACSF; AFRI-NIFA [NYW-2011-04650] FX We thank all of the speakers and participants at the 2012 ESA symposium "RNAi: The Power, the Promise and the Frustration", from which the idea for this paper originated. This work was supported by the following Grants: NIH R01 AI095842 to K.M., NSF 1114370 to L.C.B, ACSF to J.G.S. and AFRI-NIFA NYW-2011-04650 to A.E.D. NR 121 TC 90 Z9 95 U1 20 U2 161 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 59 IS 12 BP 1212 EP 1221 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.08.014 PG 10 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 273IC UT WOS:000328527500005 PM 24041495 ER PT J AU Byers, JA Fefer, D Levi-Zada, A AF Byers, John A. Fefer, Daniela Levi-Zada, Anat TI Sex pheromone component ratios and mating isolation among three Lygus plant bug species of North America SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN LA English DT Article DE Pheromone identification; Slow-rotating trap pair; GC-MS analysis; Trap catch; Defensive allomones; Pest management; Heteroptera; Miridae ID HESPERUS KNIGHT HETEROPTERA; VOLATILE CHEMICALS; MIRIDAE; ATTRACTION; FIELD; RUGULIPENNIS; LINEOLARIS; HEMIPTERA; RELEASE; MALES AB The plant bugs Lygus hesperus, Lygus lineolaris, and Lygus elisus (Hemiptera: Miridae) are major pests of many agricultural crops in North America. Previous studies suggested that females release a sex pheromone attractive to males. Other studies showed that males and females contain microgram amounts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, hexyl butyrate, and (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate that are emitted as a defense against predators. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we found that female L. lineolaris and L. elisus have a 4:10 ratio of hexyl butyrate to (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate that is reversed from the 10:1 ratio in female L. hesperus (males of the three species have similar to 10:1 ratio). These reversed ratios among females of the species suggest a behavioral role. Because both sexes have nearly equal amounts of the major volatiles, females should release more to attract males. This expectation was supported because L. hesperus females released more hexyl butyrate (mean of 86 ng/h) during the night (1800-0700 hours) than did males (< 1 ng/h). We used slow-rotating pairs of traps to test the attraction of species to blends of the volatiles with a subtractive method to detect synergism. Each species' major butyrate ester was released at 3 mu g/h, the minor butyrate according to its ratio, and (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal at 2 mu g/h. The resulting catches of only Lygus males suggest that (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal is an essential sex pheromone component for all three species, (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate is essential for L. elisus and L. lineolaris, and hexyl butyrate is essential for L. hesperus. However, all three components are recognized by each species since ratios of the butyrate esters are critical for conspecific attraction and heterospecific avoidance by males and thus play a role in reproductive isolation among the three species. Because L. hesperus males and females are known to emit these major volatiles for repelling ant predators, our study links defensive allomones in Lygus bugs with an additional use as sex pheromones. C1 [Byers, John A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Fefer, Daniela; Levi-Zada, Anat] Agr Res Org, Dept Entomol Chem, Inst Plant Protect, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Byers, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM john.byers@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0028-1042 EI 1432-1904 J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN JI Naturwissenschaften PD DEC PY 2013 VL 100 IS 12 BP 1115 EP 1123 DI 10.1007/s00114-013-1113-7 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 277WO UT WOS:000328850200003 PM 24233237 ER PT J AU Haugen, LM Ostry, ME AF Haugen, Linda M. Ostry, Michael E. TI Long-Term Impact of Shoot Blight Disease on Red Pine Saplings SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Pinus resinosa; plantations; Diplodia pinea; Sirococcus conigenus; multicohort stands ID SPHAEROPSIS-SAPINEA; JACK PINES; INOCULUM; WISCONSIN; SEEDLINGS; CONES AB Damage from Sirococcus and Dip Iodic shoot blights of red pine is widespread and periodically severe in the Lake States. An outbreak of shoot blight occurred in red pine sapling plantations across northern Wisconsin, northern Minnesota, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in 1993. We established monitoring plots in red pine sapling plantations severely affected by shoot blight in Michigan and Wisconsin to assess the influence of residual overstory red pine and the presence of Sirococcus and Diplodia shoot blights on disease severity and their long-term impact on tree survival and growth. Fourteen years after the initial outbreak, many red pine saplings had recovered from serious damage (> 1/3 of new shoots affected) that had occurred in a single outbreak year followed by lower levels of disease in subsequent years. However, the most severely affected trees sustained higher mortality and reduced growth. Forking or development of crooks of the main stem was common if terminal leaders were killed by shoot blight. Results from this study suggest that the impact of a shoot blight outbreak on red pine saplings largely depends on the presence or absence of an inoculum source in residual overstory trees, the species of pathogen present in the stand, and the initial disease severity. C1 [Haugen, Linda M.; Ostry, Michael E.] USDA Forest Serv, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Haugen, LM (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM lhaugen@fs.fed.us; mostry@fs.fed.us NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 EI 1938-3762 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 30 IS 4 BP 170 EP 174 DI 10.5849/njaf.13-024 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 274EP UT WOS:000328589300004 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B AF Dawson-Hughes, B. TI AGEING, FRAILTY & MUSCLE FUNCTION SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT IOF Regionals - 4th Asia-Pacific Osteoporosis Meeting CY DEC 12-15, 2013 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Osteoporosis Fdn, Osteoporosis Soc Hong Kong, Hong Kong Osteoporosis Fdn, MSD, GlaxoSmithKline, LES Lab Servier C1 [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 24 SU 4 BP S524 EP S524 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 270WQ UT WOS:000328350400018 ER PT J AU Fielding, RA AF Fielding, R. A. TI PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN AGEING SKELETAL MUSCLE SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT IOF Regionals - 4th Asia-Pacific Osteoporosis Meeting CY DEC 12-15, 2013 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Osteoporosis Fdn, Osteoporosis Soc Hong Kong, Hong Kong Osteoporosis Fdn, MSD, GlaxoSmithKline, LES Lab Servier C1 [Fielding, R. A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fielding, R. A.] Boston Claude Pepper Older Amer Independence Ctr, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 24 SU 4 BP S524 EP S525 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 270WQ UT WOS:000328350400019 ER PT J AU Eubank, TW Nandula, VK Reddy, KN Poston, DH Shaw, DR AF Eubank, Thomas W. Nandula, Vijay K. Reddy, Krishna N. Poston, Daniel H. Shaw, David R. TI Saflufenacil efficacy on horseweed and its interaction with glyphosate SO WEED BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Conyza canadensis; glyphosate; horseweed; saflufenacil ID CONYZA-CANADENSIS CONTROL; NO-TILL COTTON; INHIBITING HERBICIDES; RESISTANT CROPS; WEED-CONTROL; TRANSLOCATION; ADJUVANTS; ABSORPTION; EMERGENCE; SURVIVAL AB Saflufenacil is a new herbicide on the market and its effectiveness on horseweed, several populations of which have evolved resistance to glyphosate, is not clear. In this research, the effect of adjuvants on the control of horseweed with saflufenacil in the field, the effect of the interaction between glyphosate and saflufenacil on glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible horseweed and the patterns of uptake and translocation of glyphosate applied alone and in combination with saflufenacil in horseweed were evaluated. The addition of methylated seed oil to saflufenacil provided the best control of horseweed, with crop oil concentrate being intermediate in effect and non-ionic surfactant ranking as the least-effective adjuvant. The interaction between glyphosate and saflufenacil was additive with regards to the control of glyposate-resistant horseweed. The glyphosate-susceptible horseweed population absorbed 6-13% more C-14-glyphosate than the glyphosate-resistant population. The addition of saflufenacil reduced C-14-glyphosate translocation in both the glyphosate-resistant and the glyphosate-susceptible horseweed populations by at least 6%; however, due to the exceptional efficacy of saflufenacil, these reductions did not reduce the level of control. Saflufenacil holds great potential as an alternative control option for glyphosate-resistant horseweed and is a valuable tool in the management of resistant weeds. C1 [Eubank, Thomas W.] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Nandula, Vijay K.; Reddy, Krishna N.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Shaw, David R.] Mississippi State Univ, Off Res & Econ Dev, Starkville, MS USA. [Poston, Daniel H.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Nandula, VK (reprint author), 141 Expt Stn Rd,POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM vijay.nandula@ars.usda.gov FU Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board, Canton, MS, USA; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Washington, DC, USA [6402-21000-050-00D] FX This work was supported by funds from the Mississippi Soybean Promotion Board, Canton, MS, USA, and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (project number 6402-21000-050-00D), Washington, DC, USA. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1444-6162 EI 1445-6664 J9 WEED BIOL MANAG JI Weed Biol. Manag. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1111/wbm.12022 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 273PN UT WOS:000328548100003 ER PT J AU Schwartz, TJ Goodman, SM Osmundsen, CM Taarning, E Mozuch, MD Gaskell, J Cullen, D Kersten, PJ Dumesic, JA AF Schwartz, Thomas J. Goodman, Samuel M. Osmundsen, Christian M. Taarning, Esben Mozuch, Michael D. Gaskell, Jill Cullen, Daniel Kersten, Philip J. Dumesic, James A. TI Integration of Chemical and Biological Catalysis: Production of Furylglycolic Acid from Glucose via Cortalcerone SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Sn-beta zeolite; MPVO reaction; hydride transfer; poly(lactic acid); whole-cell enzyme catalysis; pyranose-2-oxidase ID PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; PYRANOSE 2-OXIDASE; LACTIC-ACID; CASCADE CATALYSIS; CONVERSION; COMBINATION; DERIVATIVES; LACTONE; ZEOLITE; BIOMASS AB Furylglycolic acid (FA), a pseudoaromatic hydroxy-acid suitable for copolymerization with lactic acid, can be produced from glucose via enzymatically derived cortalcerone using a combination of Bronsted and Lewis acid catalysts. Cortalcerone is first converted to furylglyoxal hydrate (FH) over a Bronsted acid site (HCl or Al-containing beta-zeolite), and FH is subsequently converted to FA over a Lewis acid site (Sn-beta zeolite). Selectivity for conversion of FH to FA is as high as 80% at 12% conversion using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent at 358 K. Higher conversion of FH leads to FA-catalyzed degradation of FH and subsequent deactivation of the catalyst by the deposition of carbonaceous residues. The deactivated catalyst can be regenerated by calcination. Cortalcerone can be produced from 10% glucose solution using recombinant Escherichia coli strains expressing pyranose 2-oxidase and aldos-2-ulose dehydratase from the wood-decay fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-F-1767. This enzymatically derived cortalcerone is converted in one pot to FA in a methanol/water solvent over an Al-containing Sn-beta zeolite possessing both Bronsted and Lewis acid sites, achieving 42% selectivity to FA at 53% cortalcerone conversion. C1 [Schwartz, Thomas J.; Goodman, Samuel M.; Dumesic, James A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Osmundsen, Christian M.; Taarning, Esben] Haldor Topsoe Res Labs, Res & Dev Div, Lyngby, Denmark. [Osmundsen, Christian M.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Mozuch, Michael D.; Gaskell, Jill; Cullen, Daniel; Kersten, Philip J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Dumesic, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dumesic@engr.wisc.edu OI Schwartz, Thomas/0000-0002-2788-8519 FU Advanced Biofuel Intermediates program of the U.S. Forest Service; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67009-20056]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE-1256259] FX This work was supported in part by the Advanced Biofuel Intermediates program of the U.S. Forest Service and in part by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant No. 2011-67009-20056 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We thank Kolby C. Hirth for NMR analyses. T.J.S. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant DGE-1256259. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 40 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 3 IS 12 BP 2689 EP 2693 DI 10.1021/cs400593p PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 269HE UT WOS:000328231400005 ER PT J AU Galbreath, KE Ragaliauskaite, K Kontrimavichus, L Makarikov, AA Hoberg, EP AF Galbreath, Kurt E. Ragaliauskaite, Kristina Kontrimavichus, Leonas Makarikov, Arseny A. Hoberg, Eric P. TI A widespread distribution for Arostrilepis tenuicirrosa (Eucestoda: Hymenolepididae) in Myodes voles (Cricetidae: Arvicolinae) from the Palearctic based on molecular and morphological evidence: historical and biogeographic implications SO ACTA PARASITOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Hymenolepididae; Arostrilepis tenuicirrosa; Beringia; Eurasia; Arvicolinae; Myodes glareolus; phylogeography ID N. CESTODA HYMENOLEPIDIDAE; MICROTINE RODENTS; CLETHRIONOMYS-GLAREOLUS; PARASITE DIVERSITY; BAYESIAN-INFERENCE; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SP. N.; ANOPLOCEPHALIDAE; SEQUENCES; HELMINTHS AB Hymenolepidid cestodes in Myodes glareolus from Lithuania and additional specimens originally attributed to Arostrilepis horrida from the Republic of Belarus are now referred to A. tenuicirrosa. Our study includes the first records of A. tenuicirrosa from the European (western) region of the Palearctic, and contributes to the recognition of A. horrida (sensu lato) as a complex of cryptic species distributed broadly across the Holarctic. Specimens of A. tenuicirrosa from Lithuania were compared to cestodes representing apparently disjunct populations in the eastern Palearctic based on structural characters of adult parasites and molecular sequence data from nuclear (ITS2) and mitochondrial (cytochrome b) genes. Morphological and molecular data revealed low levels of divergence between eastern and western populations. Phylogeographic relationships among populations and host biogeographic history suggests that limited intraspecific diversity within A. tenuicirrosa may reflect a Late Pleistocene transcontinental range expansion from an East Asian point of origin. C1 [Galbreath, Kurt E.] No Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Marquette, MI 49855 USA. [Ragaliauskaite, Kristina; Kontrimavichus, Leonas] Nat Res Ctr, Inst Ecol, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Makarikov, Arseny A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Systemat & Ecol Anim, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Galbreath, KE (reprint author), No Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, 1401 Presque Isle Ave, Marquette, MI 49855 USA. EM kgalbrea@nmu.edu RI Makarikov, Arseny/I-5516-2013 OI Makarikov, Arseny/0000-0002-4389-8397 FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0196095, 0415668, DEB 0818696, 0818823]; Northern Michigan University FX This study is a contribution of the Beringian Coevolution Project supported in part by the National Science Foundation (DEB 0196095 and 0415668) organized by Joseph Cook at the Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico and EPH at the USNPC to explore the structure and distribution of complex host-parasite systems across Beringia and the Holarctic. AAM was supported by the National Science Foundation (PBI grants DEB 0818696 and 0818823) coordinated by J. Caira, University of Connecticut. KEG received a reassigned time award from Northern Michigan University to support this project. We are grateful to Dr. Vytautas Kontrimavichus and Dr. Svetlana Bondarenko, who made useful contributions in preparation of the manuscript. We wish to thank Dr. Elizaveta Bychkova and Dr. Tatiana Shendrik, the curators of the cestode collections of the Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, Minsk, Republic of Belarus. NR 64 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU VERSITA PI WARSAW PA SOLIPSKA 14A-1, 02-482 WARSAW, POLAND SN 1230-2821 EI 1896-1851 J9 ACTA PARASITOL JI Acta Parasitolog. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 58 IS 4 BP 441 EP 452 DI 10.2478/s11686-013-0170-6 PG 12 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 270SR UT WOS:000328339500004 PM 24338304 ER PT J AU Busi, R Vila-Aiub, MM Beckie, HJ Gaines, TA Goggin, DE Kaundun, SS Lacoste, M Neve, P Nissen, SJ Norsworthy, JK Renton, M Shaner, DL Tranel, PJ Wright, T Yu, Q Powles, SB AF Busi, Roberto Vila-Aiub, Martin M. Beckie, Hugh J. Gaines, Todd A. Goggin, Danica E. Kaundun, Shiv S. Lacoste, Myrtille Neve, Paul Nissen, Scott J. Norsworthy, Jason K. Renton, Michael Shaner, Dale L. Tranel, Patrick J. Wright, Terry Yu, Qin Powles, Stephen B. TI Herbicide-resistant weeds: from research and knowledge to future needs SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE agriculture; global crops; herbicide resistance; population genetics; plant adaptation; weed science ID EVOLUTION; MANAGEMENT; GLYPHOSATE AB Synthetic herbicides have been used globally to control weeds in major field crops. This has imposed a strong selection for any trait that enables plant populations to survive and reproduce in the presence of the herbicide. Herbicide resistance in weeds must be minimized because it is a major limiting factor to food security in global agriculture. This represents a huge challenge that will require great research efforts to develop control strategies as alternatives to the dominant and almost exclusive practice of weed control by herbicides. Weed scientists, plant ecologists and evolutionary biologists should join forces and work towards an improved and more integrated understanding of resistance across all scales. This approach will likely facilitate the design of innovative solutions to the global herbicide resistance challenge. C1 [Busi, Roberto; Vila-Aiub, Martin M.; Gaines, Todd A.; Goggin, Danica E.; Lacoste, Myrtille; Renton, Michael; Yu, Qin; Powles, Stephen B.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Vila-Aiub, Martin M.] Univ Buenos Aires, IFEVA, CONICET, Fac Agron, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Beckie, Hugh J.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Saskatoon Res Ctr, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Kaundun, Shiv S.] Syngenta, Biol & Logist, Bracknell, Berks, England. [Neve, Paul] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Warwick HRI, Warwick, England. [Nissen, Scott J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Norsworthy, Jason K.] Univ Arkansas, Crop Soil & Environm Sci Dept Weed Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Shaner, Dale L.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Tranel, Patrick J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wright, Terry] Dow AgroSci, Intellectual Property Portfolio Dev, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Busi, R (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. EM roberto.busi@uwa.edu.au RI Gaines, Todd/A-8998-2008; Goggin, Danica/B-3260-2011; Vila-Aiub, Martin/A-9961-2008; Neve, Paul/P-8726-2015; OI Gaines, Todd/0000-0003-1485-7665; Vila-Aiub, Martin/0000-0003-2118-290X; Neve, Paul/0000-0002-3136-5286; Lacoste, Myrtille/0000-0001-6557-1865 FU Grains Research & Development Corporation; Council of Australian Weed Societies; University of Western Australia; BASF; Bayer CropScience; CBH Group; Dow AgroSciences; Kumiai Chemical Industry; Monsanto; Sumitomo Chemical; Syngenta FX The Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (http://www.ahri.uwa.edu.au/) organized the conference 'Global Herbicide Resistance Challenge 2013'. Support funding was provided by the Grains Research & Development Corporation, The Council of Australian Weed Societies, The University of Western Australia, BASF, Bayer CropScience, CBH Group, Dow AgroSciences, Kumiai Chemical Industry, Monsanto, Sumitomo Chemical, and Syngenta. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 10 U2 94 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 6 IS 8 BP 1218 EP 1221 DI 10.1111/eva.12098 PG 4 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 264SL UT WOS:000327900700009 PM 24478803 ER PT J AU Chung, SY Houska, M Reed, S AF Chung, Si-Yin Houska, Milan Reed, Shawndrika TI Reducing peanut allergens by high pressure combined with polyphenol oxidase SO HIGH PRESSURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE high pressure; polyphenol oxidase; PPO; peanut allergens; Ara h 1 and Ara h 2; IgE antibodies ID HIGH-HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; WHEY PROTEINS; SOYBEAN WHEY; CARROT JUICE; HYDROLYSIS; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; QUALITY; DIGESTIBILITY; PROTEOLYSIS AB Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) has been shown to reduce major peanut allergens. Since high pressure (HP) can increase enzyme activity, we postulated that further reduction of peanut allergens can be achieved through HP combined with PPO. Peanut extracts containing caffeic acid were treated with each of the following: (1) HP; (2) HP+PPO; (3) PPO; and (4) none. HP was conducted at 300 and 500 MPa, each for 3 and 10 min, 37 degrees C. After treatment, SDS-PAGE was performed and allergenic capacity (IgE binding) was determined colorimetrically in inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blots, using a pooled plasma from peanut-allergic patients. Data showed that HP alone had no effect on major peanut allergens. However, HP at 500 MPa combined with PPO (HP500/PPO) induced a higher (approximately twofold) reduction of major peanut allergens and IgE binding than PPO alone or HP300/PPO. There was no difference between treatment times. We concluded that HP500/PPO at 3-min enhanced a twofold reduction of the allergenic capacity of peanut extracts, as compared to PPO itself. C1 [Chung, Si-Yin; Reed, Shawndrika] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Houska, Milan] Food Res Inst, Dept Food Engn, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Chung, SY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. EM siyin.chung@ars.usda.gov FU [MZe 0002702202] FX Dr Chung thanks Ashley Guillory for her assistance in literature search. Dr Houska thanks the Institute for the support of the research project MZe 0002702202. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0895-7959 EI 1477-2299 J9 HIGH PRESSURE RES JI High Pressure Res. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 33 IS 4 BP 813 EP 821 DI 10.1080/08957959.2013.828716 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 265DX UT WOS:000327931000012 ER PT J AU Wang, R King, DA Koohmaraie, M Bosilevac, JM AF Wang, Rong King, David A. Koohmaraie, Mohammad Bosilevac, Joseph M. TI Impact of Sampling Area and Location on Measurement of Indicator Organisms during Beef Carcass Interventions SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; AEROBIC-BACTERIA; HOT-WATER; ACID; PREVALENCE; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; CONTAMINATION; ENUMERATION; SALMONELLA; EXCISION AB The effect of the sponge sample collection site on the recovery of multiple indicator organisms from beef carcass surfaces was evaluated to simplify and validate our previous sampling method for ease of implementation as a general protocol. Sponge samples were collected at three beef processing plants using hot water or acidic antimicrobials as interventions. Two 4,000-cm(2) samples were collected from preevisceration carcasses (n = 248), one from the inside and outside round area (top site) and one from the navel-plate-brisket-foreshank area (bottom site). One-half of the samples (n = 124) were collected before a wash cabinet intervention and the other half after the intervention. The numbers of total aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, and Escherichia colt were determined for one-half of each individual sponge sample. The other halves of the sponges were combined to represent a top plus bottom 8,000-cm(2) sample. For the preintervention carcasses, 4,000-cm(2) samples collected from the top or bottom sites of the carcasses were not significantly different (P>0.05) from each other or from the 8,000-cm(2) combined sample in recovery of the indicator organisms. Significant reductions of indicator organisms were observed in all three types of sponge samples after intervention; however, samples collected from the bottom site recovered less organisms (P<0.05) compared with samples of the other types. These results suggested that samples collected from either the top or the bottom site of the carcasses with this method are suitable for monitoring indicator organisms as long as the same sampling site is consistently used. C1 [Wang, Rong; King, David A.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Koohmaraie, Mohammad] IEH Labs & Consulting Grp, Lake Forest Pk, WA 98155 USA. [Koohmaraie, Mohammad] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Wang, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Rong.Wang@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 76 IS 12 BP 2069 EP 2073 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-134 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 270EH UT WOS:000328301200012 PM 24290684 ER PT J AU Post, RC Haven, J Maniscalco, S Brown, MC AF Post, Robert C. Haven, Jackie Maniscalco, Shelley Brown, Mary Catherine TI It Takes a Village to Communicate the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and My Plate SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Post, Robert C.; Haven, Jackie; Brown, Mary Catherine] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC USA. [Maniscalco, Shelley] USDA, Nutr Mkt & Commun Div, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 113 IS 12 BP 1589 EP 1590 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2013.10.006 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 269JU UT WOS:000328238400002 PM 24238142 ER PT J AU Dosskey, MG Qiu, ZY Kang, Y AF Dosskey, Michael G. Qiu, Zeyuan Kang, Yang TI A COMPARISON OF DEM-BASED INDEXES FOR TARGETING THE PLACEMENT OF VEGETATIVE BUFFERS IN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE geospatial analysis; nonpoint source pollution; precision agriculture; runoff; source water protection; surface water hydrology; terrain analysis; watershed management ID SOURCE AREA HYDROLOGY; FILTER STRIPS; CONSERVATION BUFFERS; RIPARIAN BUFFERS; SOIL SURVEYS; DESIGN AID; RUNOFF; FLOW; INFORMATION; DIRECTIONS AB Targeted placement of vegetative buffers may increase their effectiveness for improving water quality in agricultural watersheds. The use of digital elevation models (DEMs) enables precise mapping of runoff pathways for identifying where greater runoff loads can be intercepted and treated with buffers. Five different DEM-based targeting indexes were compared and contrasted for the degree to which they identify similar locations in watersheds: Flow Accumulation [S.K. Jenson and J.O. Domingue (1988). Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 54:1593], Wetness Index [I.D. Moore, R.B. Grayson, and A.R. Ladson (1991). Hydrological Processes 5:3], Topographic Index [M.T. Walter, T.S. Steenhuis, V.K. Mehta, D. Thongs, M. Zion, and E. Schneiderman (2002). Hydrological Processes 16: 2041], and the Water Inflow and Sediment Retention Indexes [M. G. Dosskey, Z. Qiu, M.J. Helmers, and D.E. Eisenhauer (2011b). Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 66: 362]. The indexes were applied in two different watersheds, one in New Jersey and one in Missouri. Results showed that they all tend to target similar locations in both watersheds which traces to the importance of larger contributing area to the rankings by each index. Disagreement among indexes traces to other variables which enable more accurate targeting under particular hydrologic circumstances. Effective use of these indexes poses special challenges, including selecting an index that better describes the hydrologic circumstances in a watershed and is simple enough to use, ensuring the accuracy of the DEM, and determining a maximum index value for the appropriateness of vegetative buffers. When properly applied, each index can provide a standardized basis and effective spatial resolution for targeting buffer placement in watersheds. C1 [Dosskey, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Qiu, Zeyuan] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Kang, Yang] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Gifted Young, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Kang, Yang] Univ Sci & Technol China, HUA Loo Keng Elite Program Math, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Dosskey, MG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, 1945 N 38th St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM mdosskey@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service, Southern Research Station; USDA National Agroforestry Center FX The authors thank Todd Kellerman, USDA National Agroforestry Center for his assistance with GIS processing. This study was funded, in part, by funds provided by the US Forest Service, Southern Research Station, USDA National Agroforestry Center through a grant to the New Jersey Institute of Technology. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1270 EP 1283 DI 10.1111/jawr.12083 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 260QA UT WOS:000327608200004 ER PT J AU Epps, TH Hitchcock, DR Jayakaran, AD Loflin, DR Williams, TM Amatya, DM AF Epps, Thomas H. Hitchcock, Daniel R. Jayakaran, Anand D. Loflin, Drake R. Williams, Thomas M. Amatya, Devendra M. TI CURVE NUMBER DERIVATION FOR WATERSHEDS DRAINING TWO HEADWATER STREAMS IN LOWER COASTAL PLAIN SOUTH CAROLINA, USA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE surface water/groundwater interactions; runoff; stormwater management; watershed management; curve number method; first-order streams ID STORM DURATION; RUNOFF; HYDROLOGY; MITIGATION; MODEL AB The objective of this study was to assess curve number (CN) values derived for two forested headwater catchments in the Lower Coastal Plain (LCP) of South Carolina using a three-year period of storm event rainfall and runoff data in comparison with results obtained from CN method calculations. Derived CNs from rainfall/runoff pairs ranged from 46 to 90 for the Upper Debidue Creek (UDC) watershed and from 42 to 89 for the Watershed 80 (WS80). However, runoff generation from storm events was strongly related to water table elevation, where seasonally variable evapotranspirative wet and dry moisture conditions persist. Seasonal water table fluctuation is independent of, but can be compounded by, wet conditions that occur as a result of prior storm events, further complicating flow prediction. Runoff predictions for LCP first-order watersheds do not compare closely to measured flow under the average moisture condition normally associated with the CN method. In this study, however, results show improvement in flow predictions using CNs adjusted for antecedent runoff conditions and based on water table position. These results indicate that adaptations of CN model parameters are required for reliable flow predictions for these LCP catchments with shallow water tables. Low gradient topography and shallow water table characteristics of LCP watersheds allow for unique hydrologic conditions that must be assessed and managed differently than higher gradient watersheds. C1 [Epps, Thomas H.; Hitchcock, Daniel R.; Jayakaran, Anand D.; Loflin, Drake R.; Williams, Thomas M.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Baruch Inst Coastal Ecol & Forest Sci, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA. [Amatya, Devendra M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. RP Epps, TH (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Baruch Inst Coastal Ecol & Forest Sci, POB 596, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA. EM dhitchc@clemson.edu RI Jayakaran, Anand/M-2441-2016 OI Jayakaran, Anand/0000-0003-2605-9759 FU South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium with NOAA [NA10OAR4I70073]; Clemson University Public Service Activities (PSA) through the Intelligent River(TM) project; NIFA/USDA [SC-1700443] FX The authors wish to thank Andy Harrison, Hydrologic Technician at the Santee Experimental Forest, USDA Forest Service, for assisting with data management and sharing. We also wish to thank our collaborators on the larger aspects of this project, notably Dr. Tim Callahan and Dr. Vijay Vulava of the College of Charleston, as well as their very talented graduate students Guinn Garrett and Michael Griffin. This journal article was prepared in part as a result of work sponsored by the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium with NOAA financial assistance award No. NA10OAR4I70073. This work was also supported by Clemson University Public Service Activities (PSA) through the Intelligent River (TM) project. This material is also based on work supported by NIFA/USDA, under project number SC-1700443, Technical Contribution No. 6102 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1284 EP 1295 DI 10.1111/jawr.12084 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 260QA UT WOS:000327608200005 ER PT J AU Vanderwaal, JA Ssegane, H AF Vanderwaal, James A. Ssegane, Herbert TI DO POLYNOMIALS ADEQUATELY DESCRIBE THE HYPSOMETRY OF MONADNOCK PHASE WATERSHEDS? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE hypsometry; hypsometric statistics; hypsometric attributes; Monadnock phase watersheds; geomorphology; geospatial analysis; computational methods ID CATCHMENTS AB Hypsometry has been shown to be a useful tool in geomorphic analysis of watersheds with the use of third-degree polynomial equations to express the hypsometric curve. Despite its usefulness with watersheds in the equilibrium stage, the third-degree polynomial has been found to be inadequate to describe the hypsometry of Monadnock phase watersheds. Three other equations - a modified third-degree polynomial with a rational term, a sigmoidal model, and a double exponential - were used to determine hypsometric attributes of 32 Monadnock phase watersheds and compared to the third-degree polynomial form. The three other equations were found to be better fits for Monadnock phase watersheds than the third-degree polynomial equation, regardless of which ratio - area or elevation - was plotted as the independent variable. Due to the occasional failure of each functional form to give logical values for hypsometric attributes, the importance of using more than one form equation is discussed. After determining the best-fit equation for each watershed, the usefulness of hypsometric attributes is discussed in relation to erosion processes within Monadnock phase watersheds. C1 [Vanderwaal, James A.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Marshall, MN 56258 USA. [Ssegane, Herbert] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Ctr Forested Wetland Res, USDA,US Forest Serv, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. RP Vanderwaal, JA (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 1400 E Lyon St, Marshall, MN 56258 USA. EM jamesvwaal@gmail.com RI Ssegane, Herbert/K-8098-2014 NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1485 EP 1495 DI 10.1111/jawr.12089 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 260QA UT WOS:000327608200019 ER PT J AU Reckin, R AF Reckin, Rachel TI Ice Patch Archaeology in Global Perspective: Archaeological Discoveries from Alpine Ice Patches Worldwide and Their Relationship with Paleoclimates SO JOURNAL OF WORLD PREHISTORY LA English DT Article DE Ice patch archaeology; Paleoclimate; Alpine; Climate change; High altitude ID KWADAY-DAN-TSINCHI; HOLOCENE GLACIER FLUCTUATIONS; PROBING DIETARY CHANGE; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; HIGH-ALTITUDE; NORTHWEST-TERRITORIES; YUKON-TERRITORY; SWISS ALPS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SELWYN MOUNTAINS AB In recent years, in association with global climate change, researchers have found significant quantities of preserved archaeological material melting from kinetically-stable alpine and subalpine 'ice patches' all around the world. This paper synthesizes the findings and the methodologies of ice patch archaeology worldwide thus far in an effort to provide researchers with a broadened perspective on artifact collection and interpretation. In addition, I test the hypothesis that increased quantities of alpine ice in prehistory should correlate with decreased human use of these areas, and vice versa. I analyze the relationship between the frequencies of regional artifact dates over time, the nature of these artifacts, and glacial advances and retreats. Ultimately, I conclude that fundamental differences among these assemblages and their correlation (or lack thereof) with prehistoric alpine ice extents stem from the intention and the activity of the people who deposited the artifacts. C1 [Reckin, Rachel] US Forest Serv, Kootenai Natl Forest, Troy, MT USA. RP Reckin, R (reprint author), 620 Florence Rd, Libby, MT 59923 USA. EM rachel.reckin@gmail.com NR 248 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7537 EI 1573-7802 J9 J WORLD PREHIST JI J. World Prehist. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 323 EP 385 DI 10.1007/s10963-013-9068-3 PG 63 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 269AM UT WOS:000328212400002 ER PT J AU Graca, RN Ross-Davis, AL Klopfenstein, NB Kim, MS Peever, TL Cannon, PG Aun, CP Mizubuti, ESG Alfenas, AC AF Graca, Rodrigo N. Ross-Davis, Amy L. Klopfenstein, Ned B. Kim, Mee-Sook Peever, Tobin L. Cannon, Phil G. Aun, Cristina P. Mizubuti, Eduardo S. G. Alfenas, Acelino C. TI Rust disease of eucalypts, caused by Puccinia psidii, did not originate via host jump from guava in Brazil SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE emerging disease; host jump; microsatellite; pathogen diversity; population structure ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; PLANT-PATHOGENS; MYRTACEAE; CLONES; SPECIATION; EVOLUTION; GENOTYPE; PROGRAM; HISTORY AB The rust fungus, Puccinia psidii, is a devastating pathogen of introduced eucalypts (Eucalyptus spp.) in Brazil where it was first observed in 1912. This pathogen is hypothesized to be endemic to South and Central America and to have first infected eucalypts via a host jump from native guava (Psidium guajava). Ten microsatellite markers were used to genotype 148 P.psidii samples from eucalypts and guava plus five additional myrtaceous hosts across a wide geographic range of south-eastern Brazil and Uruguay. Principal coordinates analysis, a Bayesian clustering analysis and a minimum-spanning network revealed two major genetic clusters among the sampled isolates, one associated with guava and another associated with eucalypts and three additional hosts. Multilocus genotypes infecting guava differed by multiple mutational steps at eight loci compared with those infecting eucalypts. Approximate Bayesian computation revealed that evolutionary scenarios involving a coalescence event between guava- and eucalypt-associated pathogen populations within the past 1000years are highly unlikely. None of the analyses supported the hypothesis that eucalypt-infecting P.psidii in Brazil originated via host jump from guava following the introduction of eucalypts to Brazil approximately 185years ago. The existence of host-associated biotypes of P.psidii in Brazil indicates that this diversity must be considered when assessing the invasive threat posed by this pathogen to myrtaceous hosts worldwide. C1 [Graca, Rodrigo N.; Aun, Cristina P.; Mizubuti, Eduardo S. G.; Alfenas, Acelino C.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitopatol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Ross-Davis, Amy L.; Klopfenstein, Ned B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Kim, Mee-Sook] Kookmin Univ, Dept Forestry Environm & Syst, Seoul 136702, South Korea. [Peever, Tobin L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cannon, Phil G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, FHP, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. RP Peever, TL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM tpeever@wsu.edu RI Mizubuti, Eduardo/C-3578-2013; Alfenas, Acelino/H-9504-2014 OI Mizubuti, Eduardo/0000-0001-9612-5155; Alfenas, Acelino/0000-0001-9947-5847 FU USDA-Forest Service, State and Private Forestry; Forest Health Protection Region 5; Conselho Nactional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brasil (CNPq); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG); USDA-Forest Service-RMRS, Forest Woodland Ecosystems Program [06-JV-11221662-221/07-JV-11221662-285]; Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center; Special Technology Development Program of the USDA-Forest Service, S&PF Forest Health Monitoring FX The project was supported by USDA-Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection Region 5, Conselho Nactional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brasil (CNPq), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), USDA-Forest Service-RMRS, Forest Woodland Ecosystems Program, Research Joint Venture Agreement (06-JV-11221662-221/07-JV-11221662-285), Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center, and the Special Technology Development Program of the USDA-Forest Service, S&PF Forest Health Monitoring. We thank John W. Hanna for technical assistance and Sofia Simeto (INIA-Tacuarembo, Uruguay) for providing P.psidii samples from Uruguay. NR 91 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 22 IS 24 BP 6033 EP 6047 DI 10.1111/mec.12545 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 263QS UT WOS:000327823700008 PM 24112757 ER PT J AU Qi, JJ Liu, X Shen, D Miao, H Xie, BY Li, XX Zeng, P Wang, SH Shang, Y Gu, XF Du, YC Li, Y Lin, T Yuan, JH Yang, XY Chen, JF Chen, HM Xiong, XY Huang, K Fei, ZJ Mao, LY Tian, L Stadler, T Renner, SS Kamoun, S Lucas, WJ Zhang, ZH Huang, SW AF Qi, Jianjian Liu, Xin Shen, Di Miao, Han Xie, Bingyan Li, Xixiang Zeng, Peng Wang, Shenhao Shang, Yi Gu, Xingfang Du, Yongchen Li, Ying Lin, Tao Yuan, Jinhong Yang, Xueyong Chen, Jinfeng Chen, Huiming Xiong, Xingyao Huang, Ke Fei, Zhangjun Mao, Linyong Tian, Li Staedler, Thomas Renner, Susanne S. Kamoun, Sophien Lucas, William J. Zhang, Zhonghua Huang, Sanwen TI A genomic variation map provides insights into the genetic basis of cucumber domestication and diversity SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; RICE DOMESTICATION; WIDE PATTERNS; DRAFT GENOME; INBRED LINES; MAIZE; POPULATIONS; SATIVUS; SELECTION; REVEALS AB Most fruits in our daily diet are the products of domestication and breeding. Here we report a map of genome variation for a major fruit that encompasses similar to 3.6 million variants, generated by deep resequencing of 115 cucumber lines sampled from 3,342 accessions worldwide. Comparative analysis suggests that fruit crops underwent narrower bottlenecks during domestication than grain crops. We identified 112 putative domestication sweeps; 1 of these regions contains a gene involved in the loss of bitterness in fruits, an essential domestication trait of cucumber. We also investigated the genomic basis of divergence among the cultivated populations and discovered a natural genetic variant in a beta-carotene hydroxylase gene that could be used to breed cucumbers with enhanced nutritional value. The genomic history of cucumber evolution uncovered here provides the basis for future genomics-enabled breeding. C1 [Qi, Jianjian; Shen, Di; Miao, Han; Xie, Bingyan; Li, Xixiang; Wang, Shenhao; Shang, Yi; Gu, Xingfang; Du, Yongchen; Li, Ying; Lin, Tao; Yuan, Jinhong; Yang, Xueyong; Xiong, Xingyao; Zhang, Zhonghua; Huang, Sanwen] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops, Sinodutch Joint Lab Hort Genom, Minist Agr,Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xin; Zeng, Peng] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jinfeng] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, Huiming] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Vegetable Res Inst, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Xiong, Xingyao; Huang, Ke] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Hunan Prov Key Lab Germplasm Innovat & Utilizat C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Fei, Zhangjun; Mao, Linyong] Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. [Tian, Li] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Staedler, Thomas] ETH, Inst Integrat Biol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Renner, Susanne S.] Univ Munich, Dept Biol, Munich, Germany. [Kamoun, Sophien] Sainsbury Lab, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Lucas, William J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Huang, SW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops, Sinodutch Joint Lab Hort Genom, Minist Agr,Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM zhangzhonghua@caas.cn; huangsanwen@caas.cn RI Stadler, Thomas/B-7286-2009; Kamoun, Sophien/B-3529-2009; OI Stadler, Thomas/0000-0003-4513-8583; Kamoun, Sophien/0000-0002-0290-0315; Fei, Zhangjun/0000-0001-9684-1450 FU National Program on Key Basic Research Projects in China (the 973 Program) [2012CB113900]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [31225025]; National High-Tech Research Development Program in China (the 863 Program) [2010AA10A108, 2012AA100101]; NSFC [31030057, 30972011, 31101550, 31071797, 31171961, 31272161, 31322047]; Chinese Ministry of Agriculture [2008-Z42]; Chinese Ministry of Finance [1251610601001]; CAAS FX We thank J. Ross-Ibarra (University of California, Davis) and J.-Y. Li (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)) for critical comments, D. DellaPenna (Michigan State University) for assistance in beta-carotene pathway analysis and the three anonymous referees for their constructive comments. We thank F. Cunningham (University of Maryland) for providing the pAC-BETA plasmid. This work was supported by funding from the National Program on Key Basic Research Projects in China (the 973 Program; 2012CB113900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC; 31225025) the National High-Tech Research Development Program in China (the 863 Program; 2010AA10A108 and 2012AA100101), and other NSFC grants (31030057, 30972011, 31101550, 31071797, 31171961, 31272161 and 31322047), the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (the 948 program; 2008-Z42), the Chinese Ministry of Finance (1251610601001) and CAAS (seed grant to S.H.). NR 52 TC 77 Z9 100 U1 15 U2 135 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 45 IS 12 BP 1510 EP U149 DI 10.1038/ng.2801 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 262EA UT WOS:000327715800021 PM 24141363 ER PT J AU van Huysen, TL Harmon, ME Perakis, SS Chen, H AF van Huysen, Tiff L. Harmon, Mark E. Perakis, Steven S. Chen, Hua TI Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of N-15-labeled leaf, root, and twig litter in temperate coniferous forests SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Integrated decomposition rate; Litter chemistry; Gross mineralization; Immobilization; Soil ID LONG-TERM DECOMPOSITION; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; MASS-LOSS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; NUTRIENT RELEASE; WESTERN OREGON; LIGNIN CONTROL; FOLIAR LITTER; DOUGLAS-FIR; SOIL AB Litter nutrient dynamics contribute significantly to biogeochemical cycling in forest ecosystems. We examined how site environment and initial substrate quality influence decomposition and nitrogen (N) dynamics of multiple litter types. A 2.5-year decomposition study was installed in the Oregon Coast Range and West Cascades using N-15-labeled litter from Acer macrophyllum, Picea sitchensis, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Mass loss for leaf litter was similar between the two sites, while root and twig litter exhibited greater mass loss in the Coast Range. Mass loss was greatest from leaves and roots, and species differences in mass loss were more prominent in the Coast Range. All litter types and species mineralized N early in the decomposition process; only A. macrophyllum leaves exhibited a net N immobilization phase. There were no site differences with respect to litter N dynamics despite differences in site N availability, and litter N mineralization patterns were species-specific. For multiple litter x species combinations, the difference between gross and net N mineralization was significant, and gross mineralization was 7-20 % greater than net mineralization. The mineralization results suggest that initial litter chemistry may be an important driver of litter N dynamics. Our study demonstrates that greater amounts of N are cycling through these systems than may be quantified by only measuring net mineralization and challenges current leaf-based biogeochemical theory regarding patterns of N immobilization and mineralization. C1 [van Huysen, Tiff L.; Harmon, Mark E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Chen, Hua] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol, Springfield, IL 62703 USA. RP van Huysen, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, TCES, Suite 320,291 Country Club Dr, Incline Village, NV 89451 USA. EM tiff.vanhuysen@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [OISE-0227642]; U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Forest Science Partnership FX We thank Eric Bailey, Howard Bruner, Chris Catricala, Michelle Delepine, Leif Embertson, Becky Fasth, Jes and Josh Halofsky, Jan Harmon, Russ Harmon, Steph Hart, Dana Howe, Jake Hoyman, Chip Pascoe, Jay Sexton, Carlos Sierra, Gancho and Aglicka Slavov, Jeannette Tuitele-Lewis, and Lige Weedman for help with field and/or laboratory work and Sherri Johnson for providing laboratory space for the 15N work. We also thank Carlos Sierra for helpful comments regarding revision of this manuscript and two anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions greatly improved this manuscript. This work was funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation (OISE-0227642) to H. Chen, M. E. Harmon, and S. S. Perakis and a U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Forest Science Partnership grant to T. L. van Huysen and S. S. Perakis. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The experimental approach and methods used in this study comply with the current laws of the USA. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD DEC PY 2013 VL 173 IS 4 BP 1563 EP 1573 DI 10.1007/s00442-013-2706-8 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268ZR UT WOS:000328210000037 PM 23884664 ER PT J AU Lin, JY Mazarei, M Zhao, N Zhu, JWJ Zhuang, XF Liu, WS Pantalone, VR Arelli, PR Stewart, CN Chen, F AF Lin, Jingyu Mazarei, Mitra Zhao, Nan Zhu, Junwei J. Zhuang, Xiaofeng Liu, Wusheng Pantalone, Vincent R. Arelli, Prakash R. Stewart, Charles N., Jr. Chen, Feng TI Overexpression of a soybean salicylic acid methyltransferase gene confers resistance to soybean cyst nematode SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methyl salicylate; transgenic hairy roots; soybean; Heterodera glycines ID FLORAL SCENT PRODUCTION; SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; CARBOXYL METHYLTRANSFERASE; METHYL SALICYLATE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; INDOLE-3-ACETIC-ACID METHYLTRANSFERASE; STEPHANOTIS-FLORIBUNDA; FLUORESCENT PROTEINS; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS AB Salicylic acid plays a critical role in activating plant defence responses after pathogen attack. Salicylic acid methyltransferase (SAMT) modulates the level of salicylic acid by converting salicylic acid to methyl salicylate. Here, we report that a SAMT gene from soybean (GmSAMT1) plays a role in soybean defence against soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, SCN). GmSAMT1 was identified as a candidate SCN defence-related gene in our previous analysis of soybean defence against SCN using GeneChip microarray experiments. The current study started with the isolation of the full-length cDNAs of GmSAMT1 from a SCN-resistant soybean line and from a SCN-susceptible soybean line. The two cDNAs encode proteins of identical sequences. The GmSAMT1 cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli. Using in vitro enzyme assays, E.coli-expressed GmSAMT1 was confirmed to function as salicylic acid methyltransferase. The apparent Km value of GmSAMT1 for salicylic acid was approximately 46m. To determine the role of GmSAMT1 in soybean defence against SCN, transgenic hairy roots overexpressing GmSAMT1 were produced and tested for SCN resistance. Overexpression of GmSAMT1 in SCN-susceptible backgrounds significantly reduced the development of SCN, indicating that overexpression of GmSAMT1 in the transgenic hairy root system could confer resistance to SCN. Overexpression of GmSAMT1 in transgenic hairy roots was also found to affect the expression of selected genes involved in salicylic acid biosynthesis and salicylic acid signal transduction. C1 [Lin, Jingyu; Mazarei, Mitra; Zhao, Nan; Zhuang, Xiaofeng; Liu, Wusheng; Pantalone, Vincent R.; Stewart, Charles N., Jr.; Chen, Feng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Zhu, Junwei J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Arelli, Prakash R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN USA. RP Chen, F (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. EM fengc@utk.edu RI zhuang, xiaofeng/H-6173-2016; OI Zhu, Junwei/0000-0001-9846-9656 FU Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board; NSF-SBIR Grant [0740426] FX We thank Dana Pekarchick (USDA-ARS, Jackson, TN) for maintaining the SCN cultures and Dr. Tarek Hewezi for his critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board. The cloning of the GmSAMT1 gene was partly supported by a NSF-SBIR Grant (#0740426). NR 53 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 EI 1467-7652 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 11 IS 9 BP 1135 EP 1145 DI 10.1111/pbi.12108 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 255EX UT WOS:000327223300011 PM 24034273 ER PT J AU Ligaba, A Dreyer, I Margaryan, A Schneider, DJ Kochian, L Pineros, M AF Ligaba, Ayalew Dreyer, Ingo Margaryan, Armine Schneider, David J. Kochian, Leon Pineros, Miguel TI Functional, structural and phylogenetic analysis of domains underlying the Al sensitivity of the aluminum-activated malate/anion transporter, TaALMT1 SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE wheat; aluminum tolerance; TaALMT1; anion channel; organic acid anion; Xenopus laevis; electrophysiology; Triticum aestivum ID NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNELS; ABC TRANSPORTER; ANION CHANNEL; ACID SOILS; GUARD-CELLS; ARABIDOPSIS; TOLERANCE; WHEAT; RESISTANCE; PROTEIN AB Triticum aestivum aluminum-activated malate transporter (TaALMT1) is the founding member of a unique gene family of anion transporters (ALMTs) that mediate the efflux of organic acids. A small sub-group of root-localized ALMTs, including TaALMT1, is physiologically associated with in planta aluminum (Al) resistance. TaALMT1 exhibits significant enhancement of transport activity in response to extracellular Al. In this study, we integrated structure-function analyses of structurally altered TaALMT1 proteins expressed in Xenopus oocytes with phylogenic analyses of the ALMT family. Our aim is to re-examine the role of protein domains in terms of their potential involvement in the Al-dependent enhancement (i.e. Al-responsiveness) of TaALMT1 transport activity, as well as the roles of all its 43 negatively charged amino acid residues. Our results indicate that the N-domain, which is predicted to form the conductive pathway, mediates ion transport even in the absence of the C-domain. However, segments in both domains are involved in Al3+ sensing. We identified two regions, one at the N-terminus and a hydrophobic region at the C-terminus, that jointly contribute to the Al-response phenotype. Interestingly, the characteristic motif at the N-terminus appears to be specific for Al-responsive ALMTs. Our study highlights the need to include a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis when drawing inferences from structure-function analyses, as a significant proportion of the functional changes observed for TaALMT1 are most likely the result of alterations in the overall structural integrity of ALMT family proteins rather than modifications of specific sites involved in Al3+ sensing. C1 [Ligaba, Ayalew; Schneider, David J.; Kochian, Leon; Pineros, Miguel] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Dreyer, Ingo] Univ Politecn Madrid, Ctr Biotecnol & Genom Plantas, E-28233 Pozuelo De Alarcon Madri, Spain. [Margaryan, Armine] Yerevan State Univ, Yerevan 0025, Armenia. [Schneider, David J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Pineros, M (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, ARS, USDA, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM miguel.pineros@ars.usda.gov RI Schneider, David/H-2236-2012; Dreyer, Ingo/N-4747-2014; OI Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385; Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Pineros, Miguel/0000-0002-7166-1848 FU National Research Initiative Competitive from the US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research [2007-35100-18436]; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [BFU2011-28815]; Marie-Curie Career Integration grant [FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG No. 303674 - Regopoc] FX The authors would like to thank Xiaomin Jia and Eric Craft for technical support. This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2007-35100-18436 from the US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension awarded to L. V. K and M. P. I. D. was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (BFU2011-28815) and a Marie-Curie Career Integration grant (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG No. 303674 - Regopoc). NR 42 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 76 IS 5 BP 766 EP 780 DI 10.1111/tpj.12332 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 259FA UT WOS:000327511600004 PM 24188189 ER PT J AU Mahadevan, S Wen, S Balasa, A Fruhman, G Mateus, J Wagner, A Al-Hussaini, T Van den Veyver, IB AF Mahadevan, Sangeetha Wen, Shu Balasa, Alfred Fruhman, Gary Mateus, Julio Wagner, Andrew Al-Hussaini, Tarek Van den Veyver, Ignatia B. TI No evidence for mutations in NLRP7 and KHDC3L in women with androgenetic hydatidiform moles SO PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article ID GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE; REPRODUCTIVE WASTAGE; DIAGNOSIS; C6ORF221; GENETICS; LOCUS AB ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the mutational spectrum of NLRP7 and KHDC3L (C6orf221) in women with sporadic and recurrent androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles (AnCHM) and biparental hydatidiform moles (BiHM) to address the hypothesis that autosomal recessive mutations in these genes are only or primarily associated with BiHM. MethodWe recruited 16 women with suspected recurrent and sporadic AnCHM and five women with suspected BiHM in addition to their reproductive partners into our study. We then sequenced the coding exons of NLRP7 and KHDC3L from DNA isolated from either blood or saliva from the study subjects. ResultsSequence analysis of NLRP7 and KHDC3L revealed previously described single nucleotide polymorphisms in patients with AnCHM. However, in patients with BiHM, we identified a novel homozygous mutation and a previously described intragenic duplication of exons 2 to 5 in NLRP7, both of which are likely to be disease causing. We did not identify mutations in KHDC3L in patients with either form of hydatidiform moles. ConclusionsThe absence of mutations in women with AnCHM supports a role for NLRP7 or KHDC3L in BiHM only. The absence of mutations in KHDC3L in women with BiHM is consistent with its minor role in this disease compared with NLRP7, the major BiHM gene. (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Mahadevan, Sangeetha; Van den Veyver, Ignatia B.] Baylor Coll Med, Interdept Grad Program Translat Biol & Mol Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mahadevan, Sangeetha; Wen, Shu; Fruhman, Gary; Van den Veyver, Ignatia B.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wen, Shu; Fruhman, Gary; Van den Veyver, Ignatia B.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Balasa, Alfred] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mateus, Julio] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Wagner, Andrew] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Al-Hussaini, Tarek] Assiut Univ, Fac Med, Womens Hlth Ctr, Assiut, Egypt. [Mahadevan, Sangeetha; Balasa, Alfred; Van den Veyver, Ignatia B.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Jan & Dan Duncan Neurol Res Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Van den Veyver, IB (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Interdept Grad Program Translat Biol & Mol Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM iveyver@bcm.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R21HD058081, R01HD045970]; USDA/ARS [6250-51000-055]; Baylor College of Medicine Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [5P30HD024064]; National Center for Research Resources [C06RR029965] FX This work was supported in part by grants R21HD058081 and R01HD045970 from the National Institutes of Health and by grant 6250-51000-055 from the USDA/ARS to I. B. V. The project was also supported by the Baylor College of Medicine Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center grant number 5P30HD024064 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and grant number C06RR029965 from the National Center for Research Resources. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development or the National Institutes of Health. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-3851 EI 1097-0223 J9 PRENATAL DIAG JI Prenat. Diagn. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 33 IS 13 BP 1242 EP 1247 DI 10.1002/pd.4239 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 269DM UT WOS:000328221000005 PM 24105752 ER PT J AU King, DT Goatcher, BL Fischer, JW Stanton, J Lacour, JM Lemmons, SC Wang, GM AF King, D. Tommy Goatcher, Buddy L. Fischer, Justin W. Stanton, John Lacour, James M. Lemmons, Scott C. Wang, Guiming TI Home Ranges and Habitat Use of Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in the Northern Gulf of Mexico SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE Brown Pelican; Brownian Bridge Movement Model; habitat use; home range; Louisiana; migration; Pelecanus occidentalis; satellite telemetry ID LOUISIANA; MOVEMENTS; CAPTURE AB Little is known about movements and habitat use of Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We attached satellite transmitters to 18 adult Brown Pelicans (nine males, nine females) that were captured on Grand Isle along the Louisiana coast during 31 August-2 September 2010. Their movements and habitat use were tracked between September 2010 and March 2012. Nine of the Brown Pelicans remained proximate to the Louisiana coast; four ranged along the coasts of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana; three moved from Louisiana to Texas; and two migrated across the Gulf of Mexico to the Yucatan Peninsula. Annual 99% home range estimates varied widely ((x) over bar = 10,611 km(2), SE = 2,370), and males had larger ranges ((x) over bar = 15,088 km(2), SE = 2,219) than females ((x) over bar = 6,133 km(2), SE = 1,764). Habitats used by Brown Pelicans were primarily open water, estuarine emergent wetland, grassland, unconsolidated shore, and deep water habitat types. C1 [King, D. Tommy; Lemmons, Scott C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Goatcher, Buddy L.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Environm Risk Assessment Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Fischer, Justin W.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Stanton, John] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, US Dept Interior, South Atlantic Migratory Bird Coordinat Off, Columbia, NC USA. [Lacour, James M.] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Baton Rouge, LA 70898 USA. [Wang, Guiming] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP King, DT (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Tommy_King@aphis.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Migratory Birds FX We thank the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Migratory Birds, for providing funding for this study. We thank the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries for logistical support during pelican capture and D. Douglas for statistical support. We also thank F. Cunningham, M. Tobin and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments on this manuscript. This research was conducted under U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Federal Fish and Wildlife Permit # MB19177A-0 and U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Migratory Birds, ACUC review. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 23 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 EI 1938-5390 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD DEC PY 2013 VL 36 IS 4 BP 494 EP 500 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 270DW UT WOS:000328300100011 ER PT J AU Mueller, GA Maleki, SJ Johnson, K Hurlburt, BK Cheng, H Ruan, S Nesbit, JB Pomes, A Edwards, LL Schorzman, A Deterding, LJ Park, H Tomer, KB London, RE Williams, JG AF Mueller, G. A. Maleki, S. J. Johnson, K. Hurlburt, B. K. Cheng, H. Ruan, S. Nesbit, J. B. Pomes, A. Edwards, L. L. Schorzman, A. Deterding, L. J. Park, H. Tomer, K. B. London, R. E. Williams, J. G. TI Identification of Maillard reaction products on peanut allergens that influence binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products SO ALLERGY LA English DT Article DE advanced glycation end product; allergens; epitopes; peanuts; receptor for AGE ID ARA H 1; PROCESSED PEANUTS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; IGE BINDING; FOOD; ENDPRODUCTS; PREVALENCE; PROTEINS; CACO-2; CELLS AB BackgroundRecent immunological data demonstrated that dendritic cells preferentially recognize advanced glycation end product (AGE)-modified proteins, upregulate expression of the receptor for AGE (RAGE), and consequently bias the immune response toward allergy. MethodsPeanut extract was characterized by mass spectrometry (MS) to elucidate the specific residues and specific AGE modifications found in raw and roasted peanuts and on rAra h 1 that was artificially glycated by incubation with glucose or xylose. The binding of the RAGE-V1C1 domain to peanut allergens was assessed by PAGE and Western analysis with anti-Ara h 1, 2, and 3 antibodies. IgE binding to rAra h 1 was also assessed using the same methods. ResultsAGE modifications were found on Ara h 1 and Ara h 3 in both raw and roasted peanut extract. No AGE modifications were found on Ara h 2. Mass spectrometry and Western blot analysis demonstrated that RAGE binds selectively to Ara h 1 and Ara h 3 derived from peanut extract, whereas the analysis failed to demonstrate Ara h 2 binding to RAGE. rAra h 1 with no AGE modifications did not bind RAGE; however, after AGE modification with xylose, rAra h 1 bound to RAGE. ConclusionsAGE modifications to Ara h 1 and Ara h 3 can be found in both raw and roasted peanuts. Receptor for AGE was demonstrated to selectively interact with AGE-modified rAra h 1. If sensitization to peanut allergens occurs in dendritic cells via RAGE interactions, these cells are likely interacting with modified Ara h 1 and Ara h 3, but not Ara h 2. C1 [Mueller, G. A.; Johnson, K.; Edwards, L. L.; Schorzman, A.; Deterding, L. J.; Tomer, K. B.; London, R. E.; Williams, J. G.] NIEHS, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Maleki, S. J.; Hurlburt, B. K.; Cheng, H.; Ruan, S.; Nesbit, J. B.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Pomes, A.] Indoor Biotechnol Inc, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Park, H.] Scripps Res Inst, Jupiter, FL USA. RP Mueller, GA (reprint author), NIEHS, 111 TW Alexander Dr,MD MR 01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Mueller3@niehs.nih.gov OI Pomes, Anna/0000-0002-8729-1829 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [Z01-ES102885-01, Z01-ES50161, Z01-ES102488-05]; Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This research was supported in part by Research Project Number Z01-ES102885-01 to REL, Z01-ES50161 to KBT, and Z01-ES102488-05 to JGW in the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. This work was supported in part by the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0105-4538 EI 1398-9995 J9 ALLERGY JI Allergy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 68 IS 12 BP 1546 EP 1554 DI 10.1111/all.12261 PG 9 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 263IK UT WOS:000327801600006 PM 24266677 ER PT J AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, Steven A. TI Zinc for preterm infants: who needs it and how much is needed? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID HUMANS C1 [Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM sabrams@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 98 IS 6 BP 1373 EP 1374 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.076489 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 266DG UT WOS:000328002000001 PM 24132977 ER PT J AU Finkelstein, JL O'Brien, KO Abrams, SA Zavaleta, N AF Finkelstein, Julia L. O'Brien, Kimberly O. Abrams, Steven A. Zavaleta, Nelly TI Infant iron status affects iron absorption in Peruvian breastfed infants at 2 and 5 mo of age SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FETAL IRON; DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; UMBILICAL-CORD; PRENATAL IRON; DIETARY IRON; BIRTH-WEIGHT; PREGNANCY; MILK; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Background: Effects of prenatal iron supplementation on maternal postpartum iron status and early infant iron homeostasis remain largely unknown. Objective: We examined iron absorption and growth in exclusively breastfed infants in relation to fetal iron exposure and iron status during early infancy. Design: Longitudinal, paired iron-absorption (Fe-58) studies were conducted in 59 exclusively breastfed Peruvian infants at 2-3 mo of age (2M) and 5-6 mo of age (5M). Infants were born to women who received >= 5100 or <= 1320 mg supplemental prenatal Fe. Iron status was assessed in mothers and infants at 2M and 5M. Results: Infant iron absorption from breast milk averaged 7.1% and 13.9% at 2M and 5M. Maternal iron status (at 2M) predicted infant iron deficiency (ID) at 5M. Although no infants were iron deficient at 2M, 28.6% of infants had depleted iron stores (ferritin concentration <12 mu g/L) by 5M. Infant serum ferritin decreased (P < 0.0001), serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) increased (P < 0.0001), and serum iron decreased from 2M to 5M (P < 0.01). Higher infant sTfR (P < 0.01) and breast-milk copper (P < 0.01) predicted increased iron absorption at 5M. Prenatal iron supplementation had no effects on infant iron status or breast-milk nutrient concentrations at 2M or 5M. However, fetal iron exposure predicted increased infant length at 2M (P < 0.01) and 5M (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Fetal iron exposure affected early infant growth but did not significantly improve iron status or absorption. Young, exclusively breastfed infants upregulated iron absorption when iron stores were depleted at both 2M and 5M. C1 [Finkelstein, Julia L.; O'Brien, Kimberly O.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Zavaleta, Nelly] Inst Invest Nutr, Lima, Peru. RP O'Brien, KO (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, 230 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM koo4@cornell.edu FU Nestle Foundation FX Supported by a grant from the Nestle Foundation. NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 98 IS 6 BP 1475 EP 1484 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.056945 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 266DG UT WOS:000328002000015 PM 24088721 ER PT J AU Blumberg, JB AF Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI Introduction to the proceedings of the Fifth International Scientific Symposium on Tea and Human Health SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; GREEN TEA; CONSUMPTION; ADULTS; METAANALYSIS; BEVERAGE C1 [Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Blumberg, JB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jeffrey.blumberg@tufts.edu NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP 1607S EP 1610S DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.060186 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 266DJ UT WOS:000328002400001 PM 24172302 ER PT J AU Dwyer, JT Peterson, J AF Dwyer, Johanna T. Peterson, Julia TI Tea and flavonoids: where we are, where to go next SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Scientific Symposium on Tea and Human Health CY SEP 19-19, 2012 CL Washington, DC ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE MORTALITY; GREEN TEA; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; BLOOD-PRESSURE; FOOD SOURCES; BLACK TEA; RISK; METAANALYSIS; CONSUMPTION AB There is a need to evaluate the evidence about the health effects of tea flavonoids and to provide valid, specific, and actionable tea consumption information to consumers. Emerging evidence suggests that the flavonoids in tea may be associated with beneficial health outcomes, whereas the benefits and risks of tea extracts and supplements are less well known. The next steps in developing tea science should include a focus on the most promising leads, such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, rather than pursuing smaller, more diffuse studies of many different health outcomes. Future tea research should also include the use of common reference standards, better characterization of intervention products, and application of batteries of biomarkers of intakes and outcomes across studies, which will allow a common body of evidence to be developed. Mechanistic studies should determine which tea bioactive constituents have effects, whether they act alone or in combination, and how they influence health. Clinical studies should use well-characterized test products, better descriptions of baseline diets, and validated biomarkers of intake and disease risk reduction. There should be more attention to careful safety monitoring and adverse event reporting. Epidemiologic investigations should be of sufficient size and duration to detect small effects, involve populations most likely to benefit, use more complete tea exposure assessment, and include both intermediary markers of risk as well as morbidity and mortality outcomes. The construction of a strong foundation of scientific evidence on tea and health outcomes is essential for developing more specific and actionable messages on tea for consumers. C1 [Dwyer, Johanna T.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Peterson, Julia] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dwyer, JT (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Room 3B01,MSC 7517, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM dwyerj1@od.nih.gov OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU Tea Council of the USA FX The authors' responsibilities were as follows-JTD: designed the review and had primary responsibility for preparing the final manuscript and for final content; and JTD and JP: collected and analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. JTD performed this work as a contractor at the Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH. JP received a grant for travel and accommodations to attend the symposium from the Tea Council of the USA. The authors declared no competing financial interests. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 98 IS 6 SU S BP 1611S EP 1618S DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.059584 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 266DJ UT WOS:000328002400002 PM 24172298 ER PT J AU Meixell, BW Borchardt, MA Spencer, SK AF Meixell, Brandt W. Borchardt, Mark A. Spencer, Susan K. TI Accumulation and Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus by the Filter-Feeding Invertebrate Daphnia magna SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-WATER; A VIRUSES; DRINKING-WATER; LARGE VOLUMES; WILD BIRDS; TIME; INFECTIVITY; RESERVOIRS; HABITATS; ECOLOGY AB The principal mode of avian influenza A virus (AIV) transmission among wild birds is thought to occur via an indirect fecal-oral route, whereby individuals are exposed to virus from the environment through contact with virus-contaminated water. AIV can remain viable for an extended time in water; however, little is known regarding the influence of the biotic community (i.e., aquatic invertebrates) on virus persistence and infectivity in aquatic environments. We conducted laboratory experiments to investigate the ability of an aquatic filter-feeding invertebrate, Daphnia magna, to accumulate virus from AIV-dosed water under the hypothesis that they represent a potential vector of AIV to waterfowl hosts. We placed live daphnids in test tubes dosed with low-pathogenicity AIV (H3N8 subtype isolated from a wild duck) and sampled Daphnia tissue and the surrounding water using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) at 3-to 120-min intervals for up to 960 min following dosing. Concentrations of viral RNA averaged 3 times higher in Daphnia tissue than the surrounding water shortly after viral exposure, but concentrations decreased exponentially through time for both. Extracts from Daphnia tissue were negative for AIV by cell culture, whereas AIV remained viable in water without Daphnia present. Our results suggest daphnids can accumulate AIV RNA and effectively remove virus particles from water. Although concentrations of viral RNA were consistently higher in Daphnia tissue than the water, additional research is needed on the time scale of AIV inactivation after Daphnia ingestion to fully elucidate Daphnia's role as a potential vector of AIV infection to aquatic birds. C1 [Meixell, Brandt W.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Meixell, Brandt W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Borchardt, Mark A.; Spencer, Susan K.] ARS, USDA, Marshfield, WI USA. RP Meixell, BW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM bmeixell@usgs.gov OI Meixell, Brandt/0000-0002-6738-0349 NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 79 IS 23 BP 7249 EP 7255 DI 10.1128/AEM.02439-13 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 259RT UT WOS:000327544700016 PM 24038705 ER PT J AU Yin, CT Hulbert, SH Schroeder, KL Mavrodi, O Mavrodi, D Dhingra, A Schillinger, WF Paulitz, TC AF Yin, Chuntao Hulbert, Scot H. Schroeder, Kurtis L. Mavrodi, Olga Mavrodi, Dmitri Dhingra, Amit Schillinger, William F. Paulitz, Timothy C. TI Role of Bacterial Communities in the Natural Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani Bare Patch Disease of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROOT-ROT; PLANT-PATHOGENS; TAKE-ALL; PHENAZINE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; PSEUDOMONAS SPP.; SOUTH-AUSTRALIA; REDUCED TILLAGE AB Rhizoctonia bare patch and root rot disease of wheat, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-8, develops as distinct patches of stunted plants and limits the yield of direct-seeded (no-till) wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At the site of a long-term cropping systems study near Ritzville, WA, a decline in Rhizoctonia patch disease was observed over an 11-year period. Bacterial communities from bulk and rhizosphere soil of plants from inside the patches, outside the patches, and recovered patches were analyzed by using pyrosequencing with primers designed for 16S rRNA. Taxa in the class Acidobacteria and the genus Gemmatimonas were found at higher frequencies in the rhizosphere of healthy plants outside the patches than in that of diseased plants from inside the patches. Dyella and Acidobacteria subgroup Gp7 were found at higher frequencies in recovered patches. Chitinophaga, Pedobacter, Oxalobacteriaceae (Duganella and Massilia), and Chyseobacterium were found at higher frequencies in the rhizosphere of diseased plants from inside the patches. For selected taxa, trends were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR), and observed shifts of frequencies in the rhizosphere over time were duplicated in cycling experiments in the greenhouse that involved successive plantings of wheat in Rhizoctonia-inoculated soil. Chryseobacterium soldanellicola was isolated from the rhizosphere inside the patches and exhibited significant antagonism against R. solani AG-8 in vitro and in greenhouse tests. In conclusion, we identified novel bacterial taxa that respond to conditions affecting bare patch disease symptoms and that may be involved in suppression of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare batch disease. C1 [Yin, Chuntao; Hulbert, Scot H.; Schroeder, Kurtis L.; Mavrodi, Olga; Mavrodi, Dmitri] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dhingra, Amit] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Schillinger, William F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Paulitz, Timothy C.] ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Paulitz, TC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM paulitz@wsu.edu RI Dhingra, Amit/E-7369-2010; OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803; Schillinger, William/0000-0001-9285-8159 FU Washington State University; USDA Agricultural Research Service; Columbia Plateau PM10 Project; Solutions to Economic and Environmental Problems (STEEP) Project FX This work was supported by Washington State University, the USDA Agricultural Research Service, the Columbia Plateau PM10 Project, and the Solutions to Economic and Environmental Problems (STEEP) Project. NR 59 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 47 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 79 IS 23 BP 7428 EP 7438 DI 10.1128/AEM.01610-13 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 259RT UT WOS:000327544700036 PM 24056471 ER PT J AU Chiok, KL Addwebi, T Guard, J Shah, DH AF Chiok, Kim Lam Addwebi, Tarek Guard, Jean Shah, Devendra H. TI Dimethyl Adenosine Transferase (KsgA) Deficiency in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Confers Susceptibility to High Osmolarity and Virulence Attenuation in Chickens SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KASUGAMYCIN SENSITIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC KASUGAMYCIN; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; RIBOSOME BIOGENESIS; GENE-CLUSTER; RESISTANCE; TRANSLATION; MUTATIONS; STRESS AB Dimethyl adenosine transferase (KsgA) performs diverse roles in bacteria, including ribosomal maturation and DNA mismatch repair, and synthesis of KsgA is responsive to antibiotics and cold temperature. We previously showed that a ksgA mutation in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis results in impaired invasiveness in human and avian epithelial cells. In this study, we tested the virulence of a ksgA mutant (the ksgA::Tn5 mutant) of S. Enteritidis in orally challenged 1-day-old chickens. The ksgA:: Tn5 mutant showed significantly reduced intestinal colonization and organ invasiveness in chickens compared to those of the wild-type (WT) parent. Phenotype microarray (PM) was employed to compare the ksgA::Tn5 mutant and its isogenic wild-type strain for 920 phenotypes at 28 degrees C, 37 degrees C, and 42 degrees C. At chicken body temperature (42 degrees C), the ksgA::Tn5 mutant showed significantly reduced respiratory activity with respect to a number of carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, sulfur, and peptide nitrogen nutrients. The greatest differences were observed in the osmolyte panel at concentrations of >= 6% NaCl at 37 degrees C and 42 degrees C. In contrast, no major differences were observed at 28 degrees C. In independent growth assays, the ksgA::Tn5 mutant displayed a severe growth defect in high-osmolarity (6.5% NaCl) conditions in nutrient-rich (LB) and nutrient-limiting (M9 minimum salts) media at 42 degrees C. Moreover, the ksgA::Tn5 mutant showed significantly reduced tolerance to oxidative stress, but its survival within macrophages was not impaired. Unlike Escherichia coli, the ksgA::Tn5 mutant did not display a cold-sensitivity phenotype; however, it showed resistance to kasugamycin and increased susceptibility to chloramphenicol. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the role of ksgA in S. Enteritidis virulence in chickens, tolerance to high osmolarity, and altered susceptibility to kasugamycin and chloramphenicol. C1 [Chiok, Kim Lam; Addwebi, Tarek; Shah, Devendra H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Guard, Jean] ARS, Egg Qual & Safety Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Shah, DH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dshah@vetmed.wsu.edu OI Shah, Devendra/0000-0001-6365-7868 FU Agricultural Animal Health Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University; LASPAU Academic and Professional Programs for the Americas; Agricultural Research Center at Washington State University FX This project was funded in part with funds from the Agricultural Animal Health Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University. Kim Lam Chiok was supported in part by the LASPAU Academic and Professional Programs for the Americas and by the Agricultural Research Center at Washington State University. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 79 IS 24 BP 7857 EP 7866 DI 10.1128/AEM.03040-13 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 263NF UT WOS:000327814600035 PM 24123731 ER PT J AU McDowell, WH Brereton, RL Scatena, FN Shanley, JB Brokaw, NV Lugo, AE AF McDowell, William H. Brereton, Richard L. Scatena, Frederick N. Shanley, James B. Brokaw, Nicholas V. Lugo, Ariel E. TI Interactions between lithology and biology drive the long-term response of stream chemistry to major hurricanes in a tropical landscape SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Watershed; Hurricane; Disturbance; Tropics; Nitrate; Potassium; Riparian zone; Stream chemistry ID LUQUILLO EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; PUERTO-RICO; RAIN-FOREST; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; ORGANIC-CARBON; WATERSHEDS; ECOSYSTEMS; RIPARIAN; FLUXES; DISTURBANCE AB Humid tropical forests play a dominant role in many global biogeochemical cycles, yet long-term records of tropical stream chemistry and its response to disturbance events such as severe storms and droughts are rare. Here we document the long-term variability in chemistry of two streams in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico over a period of 27 years. Our two focal study watersheds, the Rio Icacos and Quebrada Sonadora, both drain several hundred hectares of tropical wet forests, and each received direct hits from Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and Georges (1998). They differ primarily in lithology (granitic vs. volcaniclastic) and elevation. Changes in major cations, anions, silica, and dissolved organic carbon were minimal over the study period, but the concentrations of nitrate show a strong response to hurricane disturbance and the longest time to recovery. Potassium also showed a large, although less consistent, response to disturbance. In the granitic terrain, nitrate concentrations exceeded long-term pre-hurricane background levels for over a decade, but were elevated in the volcaniclastic terrain for only 1-2 years. Lithology appears to be the primary driver explaining the different response trajectories of the two watersheds. In the granitic terrain, which showed slow recovery to pre-hurricane conditions, the quartz diorite bedrock weathers to produce coarser soils, deeper groundwater flow paths, and riparian zones with sharp spatial variation in redox conditions and very high nitrogen levels immediately adjacent to the stream. Groundwater flow paths are shallow and the levels of N in streamside groundwater are much lower in the volcaniclastic terrain. The recovery of vegetation following hurricane disturbance appears similar in the two watersheds, suggesting that the extent of structural damage to canopy trees determines the magnitude of NO3 increases, but that the duration of elevated concentrations in stream water is a function of lithology. C1 [McDowell, William H.; Brereton, Richard L.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Scatena, Frederick N.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Shanley, James B.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT USA. [Brokaw, Nicholas V.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Environm Sci, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Lugo, Ariel E.] USDA Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR USA. RP McDowell, WH (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM bill.mcdowell@unh.edu; rich.brereton@gmail.com; jshanley@usgs.gov; nbrokaw@lternet.edu; alugo@fs.fed.us RI McDowell, William/E-9767-2010 OI McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047 FU DOE; [NSF: BSR-8718396]; [BSR-9007498]; [DEB-9981600]; [DEB-0087248]; [DEB-0108385]; [DEB-0620919]; [DEB-0816727]; [EAR 0722476] FX We thank John Bithorn, Carlos Estrada, Carlos Torrens, Mary Jean Sanchez, and Miriam Salgado for field sampling and sample processing. Alejo Estrada, Alonso Ramirez and Grizelle Gonzalez provided site management and supervision that greatly facilitated long-term sampling. Jeff Merriam and Jody Potter provided critical assistance in sample analysis. Funding was provided by DOE and multiple grants from NSF: BSR-8718396, BSR-9007498, DEB-9981600, DEB-0087248, DEB-0108385, DEB-0620919, DEB-0816727, and EAR 0722476. This is a contribution of the LTER program in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico and the USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD DEC PY 2013 VL 116 IS 1-3 BP 175 EP 186 DI 10.1007/s10533-013-9916-3 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 268VD UT WOS:000328197800013 ER PT J AU Trotter, RT Morin, RS Oswalt, SN Liebhold, A AF Trotter, R. Talbot, III Morin, Randall S. Oswalt, Sonja N. Liebhold, Andrew TI Changes in the regional abundance of hemlock associated with the invasion of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; Forest insects; Forest Inventory and Analysis; Succession ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHERN NEW-ENGLAND; LOW-TEMPERATURES; FOREST RESPONSE; RANGE EXPANSION; ECONOMIC COSTS; NORTH-AMERICA; HOMOPTERA; HEMIPTERA; SURVIVAL AB Since its introduction, the non-native hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) has spread to infest hemlock (Tsuga spp.) in at least 18 states in the eastern USA. Previous studies have documented highly variable rates of hemlock mortality among infested stands making it difficult to estimate regional impacts. Here data from the US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program collected from 432 eastern U.S. counties reveals several surprising and conflicting regional patterns. First, median live and dead hemlock basal area has generally increased over the last two decades across the eastern U.S. This has generally been the case in both infested and uninfested counties. Second, the median percentage of hemlock which is alive has decreased over the past similar to 20 years, again in both infested and uninfested counties. Third, the ages of infestations are negatively correlated with the percentage of live hemlock, as might be expected given the known impact adelgids can have on a stand through time; however this relationship depends on the exclusion of uninfested counties, as counties infested > 12 years and uninfested counties have similar percentages of live hemlock. Combined, these data suggest increasing tree density associated with the past century of reforestation and succession in the eastern U.S. may currently be overwhelming the negative impacts of the adelgid at the regional scale, however, the long-term stability of this situation is not known, and data from long-infested counties suggest the landscape may be at a "tipping point". C1 [Trotter, R. Talbot, III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Morin, Randall S.] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn Forest Inventory & Anal, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Oswalt, Sonja N.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn Forest Inventory & Anal, USDA, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Trotter, RT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, 51 Mill Pond Rd, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. EM rttrotter@fs.fed.us; rsmorin@fs.fed.us; soswalt@fs.fed.us; aliebhold@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station; USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX We thank Timothy Gregoire and Jonathan Reuning-Scherer for statistical recommendations. We thank Nathan Havill, Mike Montgomery, and two anonymous reviewers for critical reviews of the manuscript. This work was supported by the USDA Forest Service, Northern and Southern Research Stations. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2667 EP 2679 DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0482-3 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 255LC UT WOS:000327239500007 ER PT J AU Brunet, J Zalapa, JE Pecori, F Santini, A AF Brunet, Johanne Zalapa, Juan E. Pecori, Francesco Santini, Alberto TI Hybridization and introgression between the exotic Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila, and the native Field elm, U. minor, in Italy SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Dutch elm disease; Field elm; Hybridization; Introgression; Microsatellites; Siberian elm ID OPHIOSTOMA-NOVO-ULMI; CROSS-SPECIES AMPLIFICATION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; EUROPEAN ELMS; DISEASE; RUBRA; CONSERVATION; INOCULATION AB In response to the first Dutch elm disease (DED) pandemic, Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila, was planted to replace the native elm, U. minor, in Italy. The potential for hybridization between these two species is high and repeated hybridization could result in the genetic swamping of the native species and facilitate the evolution of invasiveness in the introduced species. We used genetic markers to examine the extent of hybridization between these two species and to determine the pattern of introgression. We quantified and compared the level of genetic diversity between the hybrids and the two parental species. Hybrids between U. pumila and U. minor were common. The pattern of introgression was not as strongly biased towards U. pumila as was previously observed for hybrids between U. rubra and U. pumila in the United States. The levels of heterozygosity were similar between U. minor and the hybrids and both groups had higher levels of heterozygosity relative to U. pumila. The programs Structure and NewHybrids indicated the presence of first- (F-1) and second- generation (F-2) hybrids and of backcrosses in the hybrid population. The presence of healthy DED resistant U. minor individuals combined with the self-compatibility of U. minor could help explain the presence of F-2 individuals in Italy. The presence of F-2 individuals, where most of the variability present in the hybrids will be released, could facilitate rapid evolution and the potential evolution of invasiveness of U. pumila in Italy. C1 [Brunet, Johanne] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, VCRU, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zalapa, Juan E.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, VCRU, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Pecori, Francesco; Santini, Alberto] CNR, Inst Plant Protect, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. RP Brunet, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, VCRU, Dept Entomol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jbrunet@wisc.edu RI Santini, Alberto/Q-2655-2015 OI Santini, Alberto/0000-0002-7955-9207 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0409651]; USDA-ARS FX The authors wish to thank Ignazio Graziosi for providing some samples. Eric Collin, Luisa Ghelardini and Francesca Bagnoli commented on the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the National Science Foundation Minority Post-doctoral Fellowship to J.E. Zalapa (NSF award #0409651) and support from the USDA-ARS to J. Brunet. NR 54 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2717 EP 2730 DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0486-z PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 255LC UT WOS:000327239500011 ER PT J AU Oleas, NH Meerow, AW Francisco-Ortega, J AF Oleas, Nora H. Meerow, Alan W. Francisco-Ortega, Javier TI Molecular Markers and Conservation of Plant Species in the Latin-America: The Case of Phaedranassa viridiflora (Amaryllidaceae) SO BOTANICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Hybridization; Phaedranassa viridiflora; Population genetics; Conservation; Microsatellites; South America ID MAHOGANY SWIETENIA-MACROPHYLLA; RECENT POPULATION BOTTLENECKS; ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; INTEGRATED SOFTWARE; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; MATING SYSTEM; DRY FOREST AB Phaedranassa viridiflora (Amaryllidaceae) is an endemic and endangered plant restricted to the Northern Andes in Ecuador. It is known in three locations where it is sympatric with other Phaedranassa species. Phaedranassa viridiflora is the only species of the genus with yellow flowers. We analyzed 13 microsatellite loci to elucidate the genetic structure of the populations of P. viridiflora. Our results provided the first evidence of natural hybridization in the genus (between P. viridiflora and P. dubia in the Pululahua crater of northern Ecuador). The central and southern populations did not show hybridization. Genetic diversity was the highest in the Pululahua population. Central and southern populations have a higher proportion of clones than Pululahua. Bayesian and cluster analysis suggest that the yellow flower type evolved at least three times along the Ecuadorean Andes. In contrast to other Phaedranassa species, Phaedranassa viridiflora shows lower genetic diversity, which is likely related to a vegetative reproductive strategy. C1 [Oleas, Nora H.; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Oleas, Nora H.; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Ctr Trop Plant Conservat, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Meerow, Alan W.] USDA ARS SHRS, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Oleas, Nora H.] Univ Tecnol Indoamer, Ctr Invest Biodiversidad & Cambio Climat, Quito, Ecuador. RP Meerow, AW (reprint author), USDA ARS SHRS, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM alan.meerow@ars.usda.gov RI Oleas, Nora/D-3869-2013; OI Oleas, Nora/0000-0002-1948-4119 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 0129179] FX We thank the USDA-ARS Plant Science lab technicians, the Herbarium QCA and its director Dr. Hugo Navarrete, and the Ministerio del Medio Ambiente of Ecuador for collecting and export permits. We also thank Lou Jost, Marcelo Ayabaca, Tania Sanchez and Cristian Melo for their help during fieldwork. N.O. thanks Dr. Robert Colwell for helpful discussion about Phaedranassa. N.O. also thanks Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, the Graduate Student Funding Committee, the College of Art & Sciences and the Department of Biological Sciences of FIU, for supporting her participation at the 10th Latin American Botanical Congress. We also thank to two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This study was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF Grant DEB 0129179 to AWM. This is contribution number 223 from the Tropical Biology Program of Florida International University. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-8101 EI 1874-9372 J9 BOT REV JI Bot. Rev. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 79 IS 4 SI SI BP 507 EP 527 DI 10.1007/s12229-013-9125-8 PG 21 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 267DU UT WOS:000328077700005 ER PT J AU Oleas, N Jestrow, B Calonje, M Peguero, B Jimenez, F Rodriguez-Pena, R Oviedo, R Santiago-Valentin, E Meerow, AW Abdo, M Maunder, M Griffith, MP Francisco-Ortega, J AF Oleas, Nora Jestrow, Brett Calonje, Michael Peguero, Brigido Jimenez, Francisco Rodriguez-Pena, Rosa Oviedo, Ramona Santiago-Valentin, Eugenio Meerow, Alan W. Abdo, Melissa Maunder, Michael Griffith, M. Patrick Francisco-Ortega, Javier TI Molecular Systematics of Threatened Seed Plant Species Endemic in the Caribbean Islands SO BOTANICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity hotspots; Tropical islands; Phylogenies; Spermatophyta; IUCN; Red lists ID PLASTID DNA-SEQUENCES; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT; COMPLEX RUBIACEAE; GREATER-ANTILLES; PALMS ARECACEAE; REGION; EUPHORBIACEAE; CONSERVATION AB A review of available Caribbean Island red-lists species (CR and EN categories based on the IUCN guidelines from 2001, and E category established according to the IUCN guidelines from 1980) is presented. A database of over 1,300 endemic species that are either Critically Endangered or Endangered sensu IUCN was created. There are molecular systematic studies available for 112 of them. Six of these species (in six genera) are the only members of early divergent lineages that are sister to groups composed of a large number of clades. Seven of the species (in seven genera) belong to clades that have a small number of taxa but are sister to species/genus-rich clades. Ten of the species (in six genera) are sister to taxa restricted to South America or nested in clades endemic to this region. Fifty-seven of the species (in 35 genera) are sister to Caribbean Island endemic species. Erigeron belliastroides, an Endangered (EN) Cuban endemic, is sister to the Galapagos genus Darwiniothamnus. The phylogenetic placement of four of the threatened species resulted in changes in their taxonomic placement; they belong to polyphyletic or paraphyletic genera. C1 [Oleas, Nora; Calonje, Michael; Rodriguez-Pena, Rosa; Maunder, Michael; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Oleas, Nora; Jestrow, Brett; Rodriguez-Pena, Rosa; Abdo, Melissa; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Kushlan Trop Sci Inst, Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Calonje, Michael; Griffith, M. Patrick] Montgomery Bot Ctr, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Peguero, Brigido; Jimenez, Francisco; Rodriguez-Pena, Rosa] Jardin Bot Nacl, Dept Bot, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Oviedo, Ramona] Inst Ecol & Sistemat, Havana 10800, Cuba. [Santiago-Valentin, Eugenio] Univ Puerto Rico, Jardin Bot Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Meerow, Alan W.] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Francisco-Ortega, J (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM ortegaj@fiu.edu RI Oleas, Nora/D-3869-2013; OI Calonje, Michael/0000-0001-9650-3136; Oleas, Nora/0000-0002-1948-4119 NR 91 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-8101 EI 1874-9372 J9 BOT REV JI Bot. Rev. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 79 IS 4 SI SI BP 528 EP 541 DI 10.1007/s12229-013-9130-y PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 267DU UT WOS:000328077700006 ER PT J AU Cibrian-Jaramillo, A Hird, A Oleas, N Ma, H Meerow, AW Francisco-Ortega, J Griffith, MP AF Cibrian-Jaramillo, Angelica Hird, Abby Oleas, Nora Ma, Helen Meerow, Alan W. Francisco-Ortega, Javier Griffith, M. Patrick TI What is the Conservation Value of a Plant in a Botanic Garden? Using Indicators to Improve Management of Ex Situ Collections SO BOTANICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Botanic gardens; C-value; Chamaedorea ernesti-augustii; Leucothrinax morrisii; Conservation genetics; Ex situ conservation, living collections ID GENETIC-VARIATION; PALM; POPULATION; DIVERSITY; GERMPLASM; LIBRARIES; MARKERS; AFLP; L. AB Living botanic garden plant collections are a fundamental and underutilized worldwide resource for plant conservation. A common goal in managing a botanical living collection is to maintain the greatest biodiversity at the greatest economic and logistic efficiency. However to date there is no unified strategy for managing living plants within and among botanic gardens. We propose a strategy that combines three indicators of the management priority of a collection: information on species imperilment, genetic representation, and the operational costs associated to maintaining genetic representation. In combination or alone, these indicators can be used to assay effectiveness and efficiency of living collections, and to assign a numeric conservation value to an accession. We illustrate this approach using endangered palms that have been studied to varying degrees. Management decisions can be readily extended to other species based on our indicators. Thus, the conservation value of a species can be shared through existing databases with other botanic gardens and provide a list of recommendations toward a combined management strategy for living collections. Our approach is easily implemented and well suited for decision-making by gardens and organizations interested in plant conservation. C1 [Cibrian-Jaramillo, Angelica] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN Cinvestav, Lab Nacl Gen Biodivers Langebio, Guanajuato, Mexico. [Cibrian-Jaramillo, Angelica; Ma, Helen] New York Bot Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 USA. [Cibrian-Jaramillo, Angelica; Griffith, M. Patrick] Montgomery Bot Ctr, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Hird, Abby] Bot Gardens Conservat Int US, Glencoe, IL 60022 USA. [Hird, Abby] Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Oleas, Nora; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, University Pk, FL 33174 USA. [Oleas, Nora] Univ Tecnol Indoamer Machala & Sabanilla, Ctr Invest Biodivers & Cambio Climat, Quitor, Ecuador. [Meerow, Alan W.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Ctr Trop Plant Conservat, Miami, FL 33156 USA. RP Griffith, MP (reprint author), Montgomery Bot Ctr, 11901 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33156 USA. EM Patrick@montgomerybotanical.org RI Oleas, Nora/D-3869-2013; OI Oleas, Nora/0000-0002-1948-4119 FU MBC; Sackler Institute of Comparative Genomics of the American Museum of Natural History; Dorothy and Lewis Cullman Postdoctoral Fellowship; International Palm Society; Kelly Foundation FX The authors thank Laurie Danielson, Michael Dosmann, Chad Husby, Andrea Kramer, Carl Lewis, Sandra Namoff, Larry Noblick, Sandra Rigotti and Arantza Strader, for their assistance and input; AH acknowledges the Arnold Arboretum Putnam Fellowship, ACJ acknowledges funding from the MBC, the Sackler Institute of Comparative Genomics of the American Museum of Natural History, and the Dorothy and Lewis Cullman Postdoctoral Fellowship; MPG acknowledges the International Palm Society and the Kelly Foundation for generous funding. This is contribution number 221 from the Tropical Biology Program of Florida International University. NR 75 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 9 U2 66 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-8101 EI 1874-9372 J9 BOT REV JI Bot. Rev. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 79 IS 4 SI SI BP 559 EP 577 DI 10.1007/s12229-013-9120-0 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 267DU UT WOS:000328077700008 ER PT J AU Judd, WS Melvin, NC Waselkov, K Kron, KA AF Judd, Walter S. Melvin, Norman C., III Waselkov, Katherine Kron, Kathleen A. TI A taxonomic revision of LeucothoA << (Ericaceae; Tribe Gaultherieae) SO BRITTONIA LA English DT Article DE Leucothoe; Eubotryoides; Gaultherieae; Vaccinioideae; Ericaceae ID ANDROMEDEAE ERICACEAE; SPECIES CONCEPT; VACCINIOIDEAE; CLASSIFICATION; PHYLOGENY; FLORA; NRITS; NDHF; MATK AB LeucothoA << is here defined as a genus of five species (L. axillaris, L. fontanesiana, L. griffithiana, L. keiskei, and L. davisiae), occurring in eastern Asia and western and eastern North America. Generic autapomorphies include autumn-formed inflorescences with meiosis occurring in the autumn. Members of the LeucothoA << clade, which are evergreen, are sister to the deciduous Eubotryoides grayana, sharing the apomorphies of winged seeds with a distinctly protuberant hilum, the former of which is homoplasious. LeucothoA << axillaris and L. fontanesiana, both of eastern North America, form a closely related species pair, as do the eastern Asian L. griffithiana and L. keiskei. LeucothoA << davisiae, occurring in western North America, is likely sister to the remaining species, and it differs in having erect branches and inflorescences, minutely bullate capsules, and in the lack of awns on the anthers. Species descriptions, nomenclatural information, specimen citations, and eco-geographical characterizations for these five species are presented, along with an identification key. C1 [Judd, Walter S.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Melvin, Norman C., III] USDA NRCS, Cent Natl Technol Support Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. [Melvin, Norman C., III] Bot Res Inst Texas, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Waselkov, Katherine] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Kron, Kathleen A.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Judd, WS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, 220 Bartram Hall,POB 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM wjudd@botany.ufl.edu; Norman.Melvin@ftw.usda.gov; kewaselk@wustl.edu; kronka@wfu.edu FU Willard Sherman Turrell Herbarium Fund; Miami University Graduate School Achievement Fund; National Science Foundation [DEB-0717724, DEB-0717711]; Wake Forest University; University of Florida FX We thank the curators of A, AUA, BRIT, DUKE, FLAS, FSU, GA, LAF, LSU, MISS, MSC, MU, NEBC, NCSC, NCU, NLU, NY, ODU, ORE, PH, TENN, US, VDB, VSC, WILLI, and WTU for their loans of specimens, and Norris Williams and Kent Perkins of the University of Florida Herbarium and Amanda Neill and Tiana Rehman of the herbarium of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas for assistance with specimen processing. We thank Bruce Hansen for kindly making available digital images of all the USF specimens of Leucothoe axillaris. We also thank Ralph Thompson for his assistance in tracking down two specimens at BEREA, Steve Glenn (BKL) for specimen records of L. fontanesiana from New Jersey and New York; and Steve Young for information regarding the distribution of Leucothoe fontanesiana in New York. We appreciate Gretchen Ionta's assistance with the distribution maps, and we value the helpful comments of Daniel Atha and an anonymous reviewer on an earlier version of this paper. NCM thanks the administrators of the Willard Sherman Turrell Herbarium Fund and the Miami University Graduate School Achievement Fund for their support, and this revision reflects, in part, work done as part of his doctoral dissertation. WSJ thanks his wife, Beverly, for assistance in field work in the eastern United States. Finally, KAK and WSJ acknowledge (and are grateful for) support from the National Science Foundation (grants: DEB-0717724, DEB-0717711), Wake Forest University, and the University of Florida. NR 90 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-196X EI 1938-436X J9 BRITTONIA JI Brittonia PD DEC PY 2013 VL 65 IS 4 BP 417 EP 438 DI 10.1007/s12228-012-9295-4 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 269PI UT WOS:000328253500003 ER PT J AU Wolff, BA Johnson, BM Landress, CM AF Wolff, Brian A. Johnson, Brett M. Landress, Chad M. TI Classification of hatchery and wild fish using natural geochemical signatures in otoliths, fin rays, and scales of an endangered catostomid SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PASSIVE INTEGRATED TRANSPONDER; WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT; SUCKER CHASMISTES-LIORUS; TRACE-ELEMENT SIGNATURES; CODED WIRE; STRONTIUM ISOTOPES; QUALITY-ASSURANCE; CHINOOK SALMON; AMERICAN SHAD; NATAL ORIGINS AB Endangered and endemic June sucker (JS, Chasmistes liorus) have been stocked for many years to prevent extinction in Utah Lake, Utah. When unmarked fish appeared in the lake at higher rates than expected from tag loss, we sought to determine if Sr-87/Sr-86 and Sr/Ca (signatures) in otoliths, fin rays, and scales could be used to identify whether stocking had created a naturally reproducing population. Signatures from otoliths and fin rays suggested that approximately 38% (12 of 31) of unmarked JS probably came from the Fisheries Experimental Station (FES) hatchery in Logan, Utah, and a minimum of 13% (four of 31) of unmarked JS had signatures that strongly indicated that they were of wild origin. The remaining JS (15 of 31) could not be assigned to any particular location because of signature overlap. While scales were not useful for determining fish provenance, we found a nearly 1: 1 relationship between pelvic fin and otolith Sr-87/Sr-86. Thus, fin sections appear to provide a nonlethal structure for laser ablation microchemical analysis to determine origins of unknown origin JS in the future. C1 [Wolff, Brian A.; Johnson, Brett M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Landress, Chad M.] US Forest Serv, Monongahela Natl Forest, Bartow, WV 24920 USA. RP Wolff, BA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1474 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM wolffba@gmail.com FU JSRIP FX We thank the JSRIP for providing the funding for this project. Mark Capone (formerly USFWS), Mike Mills (JSRIP local coordinator), and Krissy Wilson (UDWR) provided considerable logistical support. We offer many thanks to the UDWR field technicians for providing fish samples. Jurek Blusztajn (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Plasma Mass Spectrometry Facility) provided support with the laser ablation mass spectrometry and performed the water 87Sr/86Sr analysis. We are grateful for the advice provided by the anonymous reviewers that increased the quality of our manuscript. NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 30 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 70 IS 12 BP 1775 EP 1784 DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0116 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 269WH UT WOS:000328273100011 ER PT J AU Westfall, JA AF Westfall, James A. TI Prediction of standing tree defect proportion using logistic regression and ordered decision thresholds SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID ROC ANALYSIS; TESTS AB In forest inventories, it is often of interest to calculate amounts of usable wood volume in trees. This usually requires knowledge of how much of the total volume is unusable (cull) due to form or decay deficiencies. This information is primarily obtained when collecting data on sample plots, although the assessments are often difficult and subjective. To provide an alternative, methods were developed to estimate individual-tree cull attributes. The procedure initially involves classification using logistic regression to assign trees to one of three categories (no cull, intermediate cull, entirely cull) based on probability cut points. Subsequently, trees classified as having intermediate cull are assigned a cull amount predicted from a generalized linear regression model. The best results for cull prediction were obtained using cut points that minimized absolute prediction error; however, better prediction of net cubic volume of trees was realized when the errors were weighted by tree size. The model-based approach may be particularly useful in obtaining temporal consistency, such that trend estimates may better reflect the actual change in forest resources. C1 US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Westfall, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM jameswestfall@fs.fed.us NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 IS 12 BP 1085 EP 1091 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0330 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 268UU UT WOS:000328196900001 ER PT J AU Dolanc, CR Westfall, RD Safford, HD Thorne, JH Schwartz, MW AF Dolanc, Christopher R. Westfall, Robert D. Safford, Hugh D. Thorne, James H. Schwartz, Mark W. TI Growth-climate relationships for six subalpine tree species in a Mediterranean climate SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PINE PINUS-BALFOURIANA; DROUGHT SEVERITY INDEX; SIERRA-NEVADA; RADIAL GROWTH; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; CHANGE SCENARIOS; WHITEBARK-PINE; NATIONAL-PARK; CALIFORNIA AB A better understanding of the growth-climate relationship for subalpine trees is key to improving predictions about their future distributions under climate change. In subalpine regions of Mediterranean mountains, drought is an annual event, yet many sites can have long-lasting snowpack. We analyzed the growth-climate relationship from 1896 to 2006 for the six most abundant subalpine tree species (red fir (Abies magnifica A. Murray bis), whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), Sierra/Cascade lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. murrayana (Balf.) Engelm.), Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Balf.), western white pine (Pinus monticola Douglas ex D. Don), and mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carriere)) of the central Sierra Nevada, California, USA, a region with deep spring snowpack followed by strong summer drought. Chronologies for the six species exhibited a high degree of synchrony in their response to annual fluctuations in temperature and precipitation. For all six species, cool, wet conditions in the year prior to growth are conducive to good radial growth, as well as warm springs with sufficient moisture during the year of growth. For species more common on protected slopes, such as mountain hemlock, deep spring snowpack can limit growth. Although predictions of future precipitation trends in the region are uncertain, drought stress appears to already be increasing. If this trend continues, radial growth is likely to be inhibited for most or all species in our study. Trees growing where snowpack is deep may be least likely to suffer reduced growth. C1 [Dolanc, Christopher R.; Safford, Hugh D.; Thorne, James H.; Schwartz, Mark W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dolanc, Christopher R.] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Westfall, Robert D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. RP Dolanc, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM crdolanc@ucdavis.edu RI Schwartz, Mark/G-1066-2011 OI Schwartz, Mark/0000-0002-3739-6542 FU National Science Foundation [0819493]; California Energy Commission PIER Program CEC [PIR-08-006]; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region Ecology Program; Tahoe Conservancy; Ernest Hill Foundation of UC-Davis; Davis Botanical Society; Northern California Botanists; California Native Plant Society FX We thank D. Peterson, M. Barbour, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. F. Ye helped with core preparation and ring measurement. C. Calloway helped with core preparation and field work. A. Holguin provided help with figure preparation and field work. C. Delong, E. Peck, K. Farrell, N. Le, D. Showers, C. Peters, and D. Ingrasia helped with field work. Funding came from National Science Foundation award No. 0819493, the California Energy Commission PIER Program CEC PIR-08-006, the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region Ecology Program, The Tahoe Conservancy, The Ernest Hill Foundation of UC-Davis, The Davis Botanical Society, Northern California Botanists, and the California Native Plant Society. NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 53 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 IS 12 BP 1114 EP 1126 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0196 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 268UU UT WOS:000328196900004 ER PT J AU Lynch, TB Gove, JH AF Lynch, Thomas B. Gove, Jeffrey H. TI An antithetic variate to facilitate upper-stem height measurements for critical height sampling with importance sampling SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; STAND VOLUME ESTIMATION; CYLINDRICAL-SHELLS; ALTERNATIVE METHOD; BOUNDARY OVERLAP; TAPER FUNCTIONS; BOLE VOLUME; TREE-VOLUME AB Critical height sampling (CHS) estimates cubic volume per unit area by multiplying the sum of critical heights measured on trees tallied in a horizontal point sample (HPS) by the HPS basal area factor. One of the barriers to practical application of CHS is the fact that trees near the field location of the point-sampling sample point have critical heights that occur quite high on the stem, making them difficult to view from the sample point. To surmount this difficulty, use of the "antithetic variate" associated with the critical height together with importance sampling from the cylindrical shells integral is proposed. This antithetic variate will be u = (1 - b/B), where b is the cross-sectional area at "borderline" condition and B is the tree's basal area. The cross-sectional area at borderline condition b can be determined with knowledge of the HPS gauge angle by measuring the distance to the sample tree. When the antithetic variate u is used in importance sampling, the upper-stem measurement will be low on tree stems close to the sample point and high on tree stems distant from the sample point, enhancing visibility and ease of measurement from the sample point. Computer simulations compared HPS, CHS, CHS with importance sampling (ICHS), ICHS and an antithetic variate (AICHS), and CHS with paired antithetic varariates (PAICHS) and found that HPS, ICHS, AICHS, and PAICHS were very nearly equally precise and were more precise than CHS. These results are favorable to AICHS, since it should require less time than either PAICHS or ICHS and is not subject to individual-tree volume equation bias. C1 [Lynch, Thomas B.; Gove, Jeffrey H.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Lynch, Thomas B.; Gove, Jeffrey H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Lynch, TB (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ag Hall Room 008C, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM tlynch@okstate.edu FU [OKL0-2843] FX We want to thank Harry Valentine and an anonymous reviewer for comments that led to substantial improvements in the paper. A reviewer's suggestions motivated us to perform computer simulations and to think about edge effects with these methods. This article has been approved for publication by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station and supported by project OKL0-2843. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 43 IS 12 BP 1151 EP 1161 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0279 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 268UU UT WOS:000328196900008 ER PT J AU Ip, BC Hu, KQ Liu, C Smith, DE Obin, MS Ausman, LM Wang, XD AF Ip, Blanche C. Hu, Kang-Quan Liu, Chun Smith, Donald E. Obin, Martin S. Ausman, Lynne M. Wang, Xiang-Dong TI Lycopene Metabolite, Apo-10 '-Lycopenoic Acid, Inhibits Diethylnitrosamine-Initiated, High Fat Diet-Promoted Hepatic Inflammation and Tumorigenesis in Mice SO CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; LIVER-DISEASE; EXTRAHEPATIC METASTASES; SK-HEP-1 CELLS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; APO-LYCOPENALS; IN-VITRO; CANCER AB Obesity is associated with increased risk in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) development and mortality. An important disease control strategy is the prevention of obesity-related hepatic inflammation and tumorigenesis by dietary means. Here, we report that apo-10'-lycopenoic acid (APO10LA), a cleavage metabolite of lycopene at its 9',10'-double bond by carotene-9',10'-oxygenase, functions as an effective chemopreventative agent against hepatic tumorigenesis and inflammation. APO10LA treatment on human liver THLE-2 and HuH7 cells dose dependently inhibited cell growth and upregulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase that may suppress hepatic carcinogenesis. This observed SIRT1 induction was associated with decreased cyclin D1 protein, increased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 protein expression, and induced apoptosis. APO10LA supplementation (10 mg/kg diet) for 24 weeks significantly reduced diethylnitrosamine-initiated, high fat diet (HFD)-promoted hepatic tumorigenesis (50% reduction in tumor multiplicity; 65% in volume) and lung tumor incidence (85% reduction) in C57Bl/6Jmice. The chemopreventative effects of APO10LA were associated with increased hepatic SIRT1 protein and deacetylation of SIRT1 targets, as well as with decreased caspase-1 activation and SIRT1 protein cleavage. APO10LA supplementation in diet improved glucose intolerance and reduced hepatic inflammation [decreased inflammatory foci, TNF alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, NF-kappa B p65 protein expression, and STAT3 activation] in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, APO10LA suppressed Akt activation, cyclin D1 gene, and protein expression and promoted PARP protein cleavage in transformed cells within liver tumors. Taken together, these data indicate that APO10LA can effectively inhibit HFD-promoted hepatic tumorigenesis by stimulating SIRT1 signaling while reducing hepatic inflammation. (C) 2013 AACR. C1 [Ip, Blanche C.; Hu, Kang-Quan; Liu, Chun; Ausman, Lynne M.; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Smith, Donald E.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Comparat Biol Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Obin, Martin S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ip, Blanche C.; Obin, Martin S.; Ausman, Lynne M.; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, 711 Washington St,Room 514, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu OI IP, Blanche C/0000-0003-0063-5535 FU NIH [CA104932]; USDA/ARS [1950-51000-074S] FX The study was supported by the NIH grant CA104932 (X.-D. Wang) and USDA/ARS grant 1950-51000-074S (X.-D. Wang). NR 60 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1940-6207 EI 1940-6215 J9 CANCER PREV RES JI Cancer Prev. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 6 IS 12 BP 1304 EP 1316 DI 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-13-0178 PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 268SL UT WOS:000328190700006 PM 24085778 ER PT J AU Roth, T Foley, J Worth, J Piovia-Scott, J Pope, K Lawler, S AF Roth, Tara Foley, Janet Worth, Joy Piovia-Scott, Jonah Pope, Karen Lawler, Sharon TI Bacterial flora on Cascades frogs in the Klamath mountains of California SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bacteria; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Frog; Innate immunity; Biofilm; Chytrid ID FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; CUTANEOUS BACTERIA; RANA-MUSCOSA; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; CHYTRID PATHOGEN; IMMUNE DEFENSES; SKIN BACTERIA AB Amphibians are experiencing global declines due in part to the infectious disease chytridiomycosis. Some symbiotic bacteria residents on frog skin have been shown to inhibit the growth of Batrachochytrium dendrobatitis (Bd) but few studies have attempted to fully describe the resident bacterial flora of frog skin. We cultured and sequenced 130 bacterial isolates from frogs collected from the California Klamath Range, recovering predominantly Gram-negative bacteria from 20 higher order taxa and 31 genera. There were also a large number of unclassifiable isolates. Forty-three isolates were assessed for their ability to inhibit the growth of Bd in vitro; of these, two had strong and three had slight anti-Bd activity. We suggest that many bacterial species may play a secondary role in Bd resistance, acting synergistically with inhibitory species. Future research is required in order to characterize these interactions. Understanding the relationships between bacterial strains may be important in predicting and managing the effects of future anti-Bd treatments such as antimicrobial compounds or probiotic bacteria. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Roth, Tara; Foley, Janet; Worth, Joy; Piovia-Scott, Jonah] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pope, Karen] US Forest Serv, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Lawler, Sharon] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Foley, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jefoley@ucdavis.edu FU UC Davis Academic Senate; California Department of Fish and Game FX We thank Esther Cole, Michael Saxton, Max Joseph, Colleen Kamoroff, Joseph Huang, Stephen Chan, and Raymond Wong for their technical help in the field and the laboratory. Funding was provided by the UC Davis Academic Senate and the California Department of Fish and Game. NR 59 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 EI 1878-1667 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 36 IS 6 BP 591 EP 598 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.07.002 PG 8 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 268NN UT WOS:000328177700006 PM 23969031 ER PT J AU Thorp, KR Bronson, KF AF Thorp, K. R. Bronson, K. F. TI A model-independent open-source geospatial tool for managing point-based environmental model simulations at multiple spatial locations SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; GIS; Model; Plug-in; Python; Quantum; Simulation; Spatial; Yield ID FAO CROP MODEL; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; NITROGEN MANAGEMENT; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; DECISION-SUPPORT; YIELD RESPONSE; SYSTEMS; METHODOLOGY; PERFORMANCE; VARIABILITY AB A novel geospatial tool box named Geospatial Simulation (GeoSim) has been developed, which can be used to manage point-based model simulations at multiple locations using geospatial data within a geographic information system (GIS). The objectives of this paper were to describe GeoSim and demonstrate its use. GeoSim has been developed as a plug-in for Quantum GIS, and both of these software programs are open-source and freely available. An important feature of GeoSim is its model-independent nature, meaning any point-based simulation model that uses ASCII files for input and output can be managed spatially. GeoSim facilitates the transfer of geospatial data from the GIS database to the model input files and from the model output files back to the GIS database. GeoSim presently includes six software tools, each with a graphical user interface. A case study demonstrates the use of GeoSim for processing geospatial data layers at a field site, conducting spatial model simulations, and optimizing model parameters for site-specific conditions. Two cropping system models, Aqua Crop and the DSSAT Cropping System Model, were implemented to simulate seed cotton yield in response to irrigation management, nitrogen management, and soil texture variability for a 14 ha study area near Lamesa, Texas. Geoprocessing tools within GeoSim were able to summarize 5592 data points within 405 polygon features in 3.8 s. Simulation tools were able to swap 33,316 and 44,550 parameters values to complete 405 spatial simulations with the Aqua Crop and DSSAT models in 112 s and 398 s, respectively. These results demonstrate the utility of GeoSim for summarizing large geospatial data sets and transferring the data to the file formats of multiple models. Simulation duration was increased as compared to stand-alone model simulations without parameter swapping, which may be problematic for applications requiring large numbers of simulations. The flexible design of GeoSim is intended to support spatial modeling exercises for a variety of models and environmental applications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Thorp, K. R.; Bronson, K. F.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Thorp, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM kelly.thorp@ars.usda.gov RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 50 BP 25 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.09.002 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 262RG UT WOS:000327754700005 ER PT J AU Duniway, MC Miller, ME Brown, J Toevs, G AF Duniway, Michael C. Miller, Mark E. Brown, Joel Toevs, Gordon TI An alternative to soil taxonomy for describing key soil characteristics SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Letter C1 [Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA. [Miller, Mark E.] Natl Pk Serv, Southeast Utah Grp, Moab, UT USA. [Brown, Joel] Jornada Expt Range, USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Toevs, Gordon] Bur Land Management, Assessment Inventory & Monitoring Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Duniway, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA. EM mduniway@usgs.gov OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 18 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 11 IS 10 BP 527 EP 528 DI 10.1890/13.WB.020 PG 2 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 257XJ UT WOS:000327420800006 ER PT J AU Reed, BM Wada, S DeNoma, J Niedz, RP AF Reed, Barbara M. Wada, Sugae DeNoma, Jeanine Niedz, Randall P. TI Mineral nutrition influences physiological responses of pear in vitro SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE Mesos; Micropropagation; Mineral nutrition; Nitrogen; Pyrus ID SHOOT-TIP NECROSIS; SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; TISSUE-CULTURES; GROWTH; MICROPROPAGATION; VITRIFICATION; INDUCTION; GERMPLASM; CALCIUM; INVITRO AB Abnormal physiological responses of plant cultures such as shoot tip necrosis, callus, and hyperhydricity are some of the most difficult challenges in shoot micropropagation, and their causes are not well understood. Five Murashige and Skoog mineral salt factors, which influence the growth of pear shoot cultures, were tested in a five-dimensional surface response experimental design. Pyrus communis 'Old Home x Farmingdale 87,' 'Horner 51,' and 'Winter Nelis'; Pyrus dimorphophylla; and Pyrus ussuriensis 'Hang Pa Li' shoot cultures were grown on 43 computer-designed treatments to represent the design space of all possible treatment combinations. Analysis of shoot response to these treatments identified the factors that both contributed to physiological disorders and remedied them. Undesirable callus formation was common for pear shoots cultured on standard medium and decreased on formulations with increased NH4NO3, Fe, and mesos (CaCl2, KH2PO4, and MgSO4) for most genotypes. Shoot tip necrosis varied with the genotype, but low mesos or low nitrogen concentrations contributed to the necrosis. Hyperhydricity was more prominent with low mesos or low NH4NO3. Hooked and upwardly curled new leaves were seen in most genotypes and resulted from use of low mesos in P. communis and low nitrogen for 'Hang Pa Li' and P. dimorphophylla. Fasciation and hypertrophy were seen infrequently and resulted from wide imbalances in several nutrients simultaneously. In general, standard concentrations of Murashige and Skoog iron and micros combined with high mesos and moderate nitrogen compounds produced normal shoots without physiological disorders. C1 [Reed, Barbara M.; DeNoma, Jeanine] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Wada, Sugae] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Niedz, Randall P.] ARS, Hort & Breeding Unit, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Barbara.Reed@ars.usda.gov OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 FU Oregon Association of Nurseries; Oregon Department of Agriculture; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, CRIS project [5358-21000-0-38-00D] FX We thank the NCGR lab personnel for assistance with the collection of data for this study. This project was funded by a grant from the Oregon Association of Nurseries and the Oregon Department of Agriculture, and by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, CRIS project 5358-21000-0-38-00D. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1054-5476 EI 1475-2689 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD DEC PY 2013 VL 49 IS 6 BP 699 EP 709 DI 10.1007/s11627-013-9556-2 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 268WP UT WOS:000328201700008 ER PT J AU Zhu, JWJ Chaudhury, MF Tangtrakulwanich, K Skoda, SR AF Zhu, Junwei J. Chaudhury, Muhammad F. Tangtrakulwanich, Khanobporn Skoda, Steven R. TI Identification of Oviposition Attractants of the Secondary Screwworm, Cochliomyia macellaria (F.) Released from Rotten Chicken Liver SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oviposition attractant; Blow flies; Forensic veterinary pest; Solid phase microextraction; Livestock disease; Economic entomology ID NEW-WORLD SCREWWORM; DIPTERA-CALLIPHORIDAE; FLIES DIPTERA; HOMINIVORAX; MEXICO; CHIAPAS AB The secondary screwworm, Cochliomyia macellaria (F.), is an important blowfly species affecting both livestock and humans. It can transmit pathogenic disease agents mechanically and is an agent of facultative myiasis, which leads to economic losses. The adult flies are attracted to decomposing carcasses, carrion, or rotten meat in order to deposit their eggs, and the hatched larvae develop on these decaying organic materials. This research was aimed to identify volatiles emitted from rotten chicken livers that were reported previously to attract gravid females. In laboratory oviposition assays, gravid females laid significantly more eggs on rotten livers than on fresh livers, and rotten chicken liver was more attractive than rotten beef liver. Volatiles from the two livers were collected using solid phase microextraction. Significantly different volatile profiles were detected from the rotten livers of beef and chicken. Electroantennography (EAG) was performed to determine antennal responses to chemicals released from the most attractive chicken liver that are candidate oviposition attractants. Seven compounds from rotten chicken liver elicited significant EAG responses from antennae of gravid females. Oviposition assays showed that the 7-component blend stimulated gravid females to lay significantly more eggs than the other combinations tested. This 7-component blend may have potential for use in monitoring and sampling populations of secondary screwworm and their associated disease epidemiology. C1 [Zhu, Junwei J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, UNL EC, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Chaudhury, Muhammad F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Screwworm Res Unit, UNL EC, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tangtrakulwanich, Khanobporn] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Skoda, Steven R.] USDA ARS, Screwworm Res Unit, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Zhu, JWJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, UNL EC, 305B Entomology Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jerry.zhu@ars.usda.gov FU [1030] FX We express our gratitude to Dennis Berkebile, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE for his technical help with this study and Roger Leopold, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND for supplying the pupae. This work was done in cooperation with the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and supported partly by the regional project 1030. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 39 IS 11-12 BP 1407 EP 1414 DI 10.1007/s10886-013-0359-z PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268WT UT WOS:000328202100007 PM 24174348 ER PT J AU Cummins, VC Webster, CD Thompson, KR Velasquez, A AF Cummins, Vaun C. Webster, Carl D. Thompson, Kenneth R. Velasquez, Alejandro TI Replacement of Fish Meal with Soybean Meal, Alone or in Combination with Distiller's Dried Grains with Solubles in Practical Diets for Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, Grown in a Clear-Water Culture System SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BY-PRODUCT MEAL; CHANNEL CATFISH; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; PENAEUS-VANNAMEI; BODY-COMPOSITION; FEED-UTILIZATION; PROTEIN-SOURCES; PEANUT MEAL; DIGESTIBILITY AB The objective of this study was to evaluate inclusion of distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) as partial replacement of commercial, solvent-extracted soybean meal (SBM) in fish meal-free diets for Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaria connected to a recirculating biofiltration system were utilized to evaluate growth, survival, and feed conversion of shrimp during the 8-wk feeding trial. Each 110-L aquarium was stocked with 15 shrimp (mean individual weight 0.99g) and fed one of five diets: a diet containing 20% fish meal (FM), which served as the control (Diet 1); a diet containing 0% FM and 52.5% SBM (Diet 2); and diets containing 0% FM and either 10, 20, or 30% DDGS as partial replacement of SBM (Diets 3, 4, and 5, respectively). Shrimp were fed according to a pre-determined feeding chart five times daily (0730, 1030, 1330, 1630, and 1930h) and there were three replicates per dietary treatment. The results from the feeding trial demonstrated that final weight, weight gain (g), and percentage weight gain were significantly higher (P<0.05) for shrimp fed Diet 1 (10.96g, 10.01g, and 1051%, respectively) compared to shrimp fed diets containing DDGS; however, shrimp fed diets containing DDGS had similar (P>0.05) final weight, weight gain (g), and percentage weight gain as shrimp fed a diet containing 0% FM and 52.5% SBM (Diet 2). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of shrimp fed Diet 1 (2.84) was significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to shrimp fed any other diet. Survival (%) was not different (P>0.05) among treatments and averaged 77.3% for the study. This study demonstrated that practical shrimp diets containing no FM had an adverse impact on growth performance of white shrimp when grown in a clear-water system and that further research is needed to refine diet formulations when culturing shrimp in these systems when attempting to feed a diet without FM. C1 [Cummins, Vaun C.; Webster, Carl D.; Thompson, Kenneth R.; Velasquez, Alejandro] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. RP Webster, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. FU USDA [KYX-80-09-18A] FX The authors thank N. Ann, K. C., K. N. Dee, B. R. Lee, E. M. Maa, C. Rhin, B. Rett, S. Ron, M. S. Tee, D. R. Wynne, and S. Wise for their technical assistance. The DDGS was kindly donated by Buffalo Trace Distillery, 1001 Wilkinson Blvd., Frankfort, KY 40601, USA. This manuscript is in partial fulfillment of a Master's of Science degree, Division of Aquaculture, Kentucky State University for the lead author. Research was partially funded by a USDA grant under agreement KYX-80-09-18A to Kentucky State University. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 EI 1749-7345 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 44 IS 6 BP 775 EP 785 DI 10.1111/jwas.12081 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 263QF UT WOS:000327822400002 ER PT J AU Wang, S Miller, B Matthan, NR Goktas, Z Wu, DY Reed, DB Yin, XL Grammas, P Moustaid-Moussa, N Shen, CL Lichtenstein, AH AF Wang, Shu Miller, Bradley Matthan, Nirupa R. Goktas, Zeynep Wu, Dayong Reed, Debra B. Yin, Xiangling Grammas, Paula Moustaid-Moussa, Naima Shen, Chwan-Li Lichtenstein, Alice H. TI Aortic cholesterol accumulation correlates with systemic inflammation but not hepatic and gonadal adipose tissue inflammation in low-density lipoprotein receptor null mice SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Atherosclerosis; Inflammation; Liver steatosis; Gonadal adipose tissue; Atherogenic diet; Mice ID FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SATURATED FAT; HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY-FAT; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; OBESITY; MARKERS; RISK; METABOLISM AB Inflammation is a major contributor to the development of atherosclerotic plaque, yet the involvement of liver and visceral adipose tissue inflammatory status in atherosclerotic lesion development has yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesized that an atherogenic diet would increase inflammatory response and lipid accumulation in the liver and gonadal adipose tissue (GAT) and would correlate with systemic inflammation and aortic lesion formation in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor null (LDLr-/-) mice. For 32 weeks, LDLr -/- mice (n = 10/group) were fed either an atherogenic (high saturated fat and cholesterol) or control (low fat and cholesterol) diet. Hepatic and GAT lipid content and expression of inflammatory factors were measured using standard procedures. Compared with the control diet, the atherogenic diet significantly increased hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol (TC), primarily esterified cholesterol, and GAT triglyceride content. These changes were accompanied by increased expression of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 5, CD36, ATP-binding cassette, subfamily A, member 1 and scavenger receptor B class 1, and they decreased the expression of cytochrome P450, family 7 and subfamily a, polypeptide 1 in GAT. Aortic TC content was positively associated with hepatic TC, triglyceride, and GAT triglyceride contents as well as plasma interleukin 6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentrations. Although when compared with the control diet, the atherogenic diet increased hepatic tumor necrosis factor alpha production, they were not associated with aortic TC content. These data suggest that the LDLr-/- mice responded to the atherogenic diet by increasing lipid accumulation in the liver and GAT, which may have increased inflammatory response. Aortic TC content was positively associated with systemic inflammation but not hepatic and GAT inflammatory status. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Shu; Goktas, Zeynep; Reed, Debra B.; Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Texas Tech Univ, Nutr Sci Program, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Miller, Bradley; Shen, Chwan-Li] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Miller, Bradley; Yin, Xiangling; Grammas, Paula] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Garrison Inst Aging, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Matthan, Nirupa R.; Wu, Dayong; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, S (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, POB 41240, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM shu.wang@ttu.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32 HL069772] NR 53 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 33 IS 12 BP 1072 EP 1082 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.09.002 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 266GW UT WOS:000328013100011 PM 24267047 ER PT J AU Kadota, Y Toyoda, T Kitaura, Y Adams, SH Shimomura, Y AF Kadota, Yoshihiro Toyoda, Takanari Kitaura, Yasuyuki Adams, Sean H. Shimomura, Yoshiharu TI Regulation of hepatic branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex in rats fed a high-fat diet SO OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE BCAA catabolism; Hepatic BCKDC; Hepatic BDK; High-fat diet; Diet-induced obesity ID AMINO-ACID CATABOLISM; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; SUBUNIT GENE-EXPRESSION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; KINASE; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; STATE AB Branched-chain alpha-ketoacid (BCKA) dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) regulates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism at the level of BCKA catabolism. It has been demonstrated that the activity of hepatic BCKDC is markedly decreased in type 2 diabetic animal models. In this study, we examined the regulation of hepatic BCKDC in rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO). Rats were fed a control or a 60% of energy high-fat diet (HFD) for twelve weeks. Concentrations of blood components and the activities and protein amounts of hepatic BCKDC and its specific kinase (BDK) were measured. The concentrations of plasma glucose, insulin, and corticosterone were significantly elevated in DIO rats compared to those fed the control diet, suggestive of insulin resistance. Blood BCAA concentrations were not increased. The activity of hepatic BCKDC that was present in the active form in the liver was higher in DIO rats compared to controls, although the total activity and the enzyme amount were not different between two diet groups. The activity of hepatic BDK and the abundance of BDK bound to the BCKDC were decreased in DIO rats. The total amount of hepatic BDK was also significantly decreased in DIO rats. In rats made obese through HFD feeding, in contrast to prior studies in rat models of type 2 diabetes, hepatic BDK was down-regulated and thereby hepatic BCKDC was activated, suggesting that DIO promotes liver BCKA catabolism. In this model there was no evidence that increased blood BCAAs drive DIO-associated insulin resistance, since concentrations of BCAAs were not altered by DIO. (C) 2013 Asian Oceanian Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kadota, Yoshihiro; Toyoda, Takanari; Kitaura, Yasuyuki; Shimomura, Yoshiharu] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Dept Appl Mol Biosci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA, ARS,Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Shimomura, Y (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Dept Appl Mol Biosci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. EM shimo@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [20300216]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service Intramural Project [5306-51530-019-00]; NIH-NIDDK [R01DK078328]; National Dairy Council FX This work was in part supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (20300216 to YS). Amino acid research of Dr. Adams is supported in part by USDA-Agricultural Research Service Intramural Project 5306-51530-019-00, NIH-NIDDK R01DK078328, and the National Dairy Council (grant administered by the Dairy Research Institute). The USDA is an Equal Opportunity employer and provider. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1871-403X EI 1878-0318 J9 OBES RES CLIN PRACT JI Obes. Res. Clin. Pract. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 7 IS 6 BP E439 EP E444 DI 10.1016/j.orcp.2013.07.003 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 267FD UT WOS:000328081200003 PM 24459688 ER PT J AU Demirci, B Tsikolia, M Bernier, UR Agramonte, NM Alqasoumi, SI Al-Yahya, MA Al-Rehaily, AJ Yusufoglu, HS Demirci, F Baser, KHC Khan, IA Tabanca, N AF Demirci, Betul Tsikolia, Maia Bernier, Ulrich R. Agramonte, Natasha M. Alqasoumi, Saleh I. Al-Yahya, Mohammed A. Al-Rehaily, Adnan J. Yusufoglu, Hasan S. Demirci, Fatih Baser, K. Husnu Can Khan, Ikhlas A. Tabanca, Nurhayat TI Phoenix dactylifera L. spathe essential oil: Chemical composition and repellent activity against the yellow fever mosquito SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE 3,4-Dimethoxytoluene; 2,4-Dimethoxytoluene; Aedes aegypti; Mosquito control; Botanical repellent ID DATE PALM; FRUITS; PLANTS AB Date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L. (Arecaceae), grows commonly in the Arabian Peninsula and is traditionally used to treat various diseases. The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition of the essential oil and to investigate the repellent activity. The essential oil of P. dactylifera was obtained by hydrodistillation from the spathe, a specialized leaf structure that surrounds the pollinating organs of the palm. The oil was subsequently analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The oil showed promising repellent activity against yellow fever mosquito - Aedes aegypti. Sixteen components were characterized, constituting 99% of the oil. The main components were 3,4-dimethoxytoluene (73.5%), 2,4-dimethoxytoluene (9.5%), beta-caryophyllene (5.5%), p-cresyl methyl ether (3.8%), and caryophyllene oxide (2.4%). The minimum effective dosage (MED) for repellency for the P. dactylifera oil was 0.051 mg/cm(2), which had moderately lower potency compared to reference standard N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide, DEET (0.018 mg/cm(2)) in the "cloth patch assay". The five major compounds were individually assayed for repellency to determine to what extent each is responsible for repellency from the oil. 3,4-Dimethoxytoluene and 2,4-dimethoxytoluene showed the best repellent activity with the same MED value of 0.063 mg/cm(2), respectively. The results indicate that these two constituents which comprise a large proportion of the P. dactylifera oil (83%) are likely responsible for the observed repellent activity. In this aspect, the P. dactylifera spathe oil is a sustainable, promising new source of natural repellents. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Demirci, Betul; Demirci, Fatih; Baser, K. Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Tsikolia, Maia; Bernier, Ulrich R.; Agramonte, Natasha M.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Alqasoumi, Saleh I.; Al-Yahya, Mohammed A.; Al-Rehaily, Adnan J.; Khan, Ikhlas A.] King Saud Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Yusufoglu, Hasan S.] Al Kharj Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia. [Baser, K. Husnu Can] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Khan, Ikhlas A.; Tabanca, Nurhayat] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Tabanca, N (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ntabanca@olemiss.edu RI Demirci, Fatih /A-8295-2008; Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; OI Demirci, Fatih /0000-0003-1497-3017; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB); Global Research Network for Medicinal Plants (GRNMP); King Saud University FX The authors thank Mr. Nathan Newlon and Mr. Gregory Allen for great assistance with the mosquito bioassays. Authors are also grateful to Dr. John F. Parcher, National Center for Natural Products Research, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA, for English grammar corrections and suggestions. This study was supported by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program and the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). This work was also partially supported by Global Research Network for Medicinal Plants (GRNMP) and King Saud University. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 128 IS 3 BP 557 EP 560 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.08.003 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 263RD UT WOS:000327824800016 PM 23948523 ER PT J AU Furusyo, N Ai, M Okazaki, M Ikezaki, H Ihara, T Hayashi, T Hiramine, S Ura, K Kohzuma, T Schaefer, EJ Hayashi, J AF Furusyo, Norihiro Ai, Masumi Okazaki, Mitsuyo Ikezaki, Hiroaki Ihara, Takeshi Hayashi, Takeo Hiramine, Satoshi Ura, Kazuya Kohzuma, Takuji Schaefer, Ernst J. Hayashi, Jun TI Serum cholesterol and triglyceride reference ranges of twenty lipoprotein subclasses for healthy Japanese men and women SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE High performance liquid chromatography; Cholesterol; Triglycerides; Lipoprotein subclasses; General population; Gender; Menopause ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INTERVENTION TRIAL; COMPONENT ANALYSIS; LDL-CHOLESTEROL; HUMAN-PLASMA; HPLC METHOD; FRAMINGHAM; RISK AB Aim: This epidemiological study was done to generate normal ranges for the cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum lipoprotein subclasses isolated from healthy adults based on gender and menopausal status. Methods: Cholesterol and triglyceride levels in 20 lipoprotein subclasses as separated by high performance liquid chromatography were measured in serum obtained from 825 fasting healthy subjects (267 men, 558 women). Results: For serum cholesterol, 13.7% was found in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) subclasses, 55.6% in low density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses, and 30.4% in high density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses. For serum triglycerides, these values were 52.1%, 27.9%, and 17.4%, respectively. Levels of cholesterol in some VLDL subclasses were inversely correlated with the levels of some HDL subclasses, while for triglycerides, elevated levels in any one subclass were generally strongly associated with elevated levels in all other subclasses. Men had significantly higher large VLDL-cholesterol levels than women (P < 0.05), while women had significantly higher small VLDL-cholesterol levels than men (P < 0.001). Women had significantly higher large LDL-and large and medium HDL-cholesterol levels than men (P < 0.001). Men had significantly higher chylomicron (CM), large and medium VLDL-, and small LDL-triglyceride levels than women (P < 0.001). Women had significantly higher very large and large HDL-triglyceride levels than men (P < 0.01). Postmenopausal women had significantly higher CM, all VLDL, and large, medium and small LDL-cholesterol levels, and significantly higher all VLDL, LDL, and HDL-triglyceride levels than premenopausal women (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our data document important gender and menopausal status differences in cholesterol and triglyceride subclass levels, as well as significant correlations between values in the various serum lipoprotein subclasses. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Furusyo, Norihiro; Ikezaki, Hiroaki; Ihara, Takeshi; Hayashi, Takeo; Hiramine, Satoshi; Ura, Kazuya; Hayashi, Jun] Kyushu Univ Hosp, Dept Gen Internal Med, Higashi Ku, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan. [Ai, Masumi; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ai, Masumi; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ai, Masumi] Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Insured Med Care Management, Tokyo, Japan. [Okazaki, Mitsuyo] Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Skylight Biotech Inc, Akita, Japan. [Kohzuma, Takuji] Asahi Kasei Pharma Corp, Diagnost Dept, Tokyo, Japan. RP Furusyo, N (reprint author), Kyushu Univ Hosp, Dept Gen Internal Med, Higashi Ku, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan. EM furusyo@gim.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 FU Japan Multi-institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (J-MICC Study) [221S001]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan FX This study was supported by the Japan Multi-institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (J-MICC Study), a Scientific Support Programs for Cancer Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 221S001), and a Grant-in-Aid for Comprehensive Research of the 21st Century COE Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 EI 1879-1484 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD DEC PY 2013 VL 231 IS 2 BP 238 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.09.008 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 259PB UT WOS:000327537700013 PM 24267234 ER PT J AU Berner, D Smallwood, E Cavin, C Lagopodi, A Kashefi, J Kolomiets, T Pankratova, L Mukhina, Z Cripps, M Bourdot, G AF Berner, Dana Smallwood, Emily Cavin, Craig Lagopodi, Anastasia Kashefi, Javid Kolomiets, Tamara Pankratova, Lyubov Mukhina, Zhanna Cripps, Michael Bourdot, Graeme TI Successful establishment of epiphytotics of Puccinia punctiformis for biological control of Cirsium arvense SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Canada thistle; Cirsium arvense; Epiphytotics; Rust fungus; Systemic disease ID CANADA THISTLE CIRSIUM; RUST FUNGUS; ALLELOPATHIC ACTIVITY; SYSTEMIC INFECTIONS; L SCOP; TELIOSPORES; GERMINATION; UREDINIOSPORES; HERBICIDES; PATHOGENS AB Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense, CT) is one of the worst weeds in temperate areas of the world. The rust fungus Puccinia punctiformis was first proposed as a biological control agent for CT in 1893. The rust causes systemic disease, is specific to CT, and is in all countries where CT is found. Despite a 120-year lapse since biological control with the rust was proposed, establishment of epiphytotics of the rust have previously been unsuccessful due to incomplete understanding of the disease cycle. In this study, newly-emerging rosettes in the fall are proposed as the physical and temporal infection courts for basidiospores, from germinating teliospores, to systemically infect CT and give rise to systemically diseased shoots the following spring. To test this hypothesis, rosettes of CT were inoculated in the fall with either telia-bearing leaves collected in mid-summer or with greenhouse-produced teliospores. Field sites were located near Kozani, Greece, Moscow, Russia, Christchurch, New Zealand, and Ft. Detrick, Maryland, USA. Teliabearing leaves, which were used as inoculum in 12 of 13 field sites, were collected near each field site from CT shoots in close proximity to systemically diseased CT shoots producing aeciospores in the spring. Aeciospore infections of the leaves of these nearby shoots gave rise to uredinia which turned to telia in mid- to late-summer. Temperature and dew conditions at inoculation in the fall at each site were very favorable for teliospore germination. Rosettes inoculated in the fall were marked with flags, and systemically diseased shoots emerging near these flags the following spring were recorded. In 11 of the sites in these countries, individual rosettes were inoculated 2, 4, 6, or 8 times with telia-bearing leaves. Proportions of rosettes giving rise to systemically diseased shoots, out of the number of rosettes inoculated, were analyzed. Inoculations in all 13 sites produced systemically diseased shoots. A separate study on the phenology of CT showed that the maximum rate of leaf abscission occurred at the time of maximum emergence of new CT rosettes in the fall. This period coincided with an annually occurring period of sustained dew and favorable temperatures for teliospore germination. In nature, abscising telia-bearing leaves likely come into contact with a receptive rosette during favorable conditions for teliospore germination in the fall. This study demonstrates that epiphytotics of systemic rust disease of CT can be routinely established, by mimicking the natural disease cycle. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Berner, Dana; Smallwood, Emily; Cavin, Craig] ARS, USDA, Foreign Disease Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lagopodi, Anastasia] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Agr, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Kashefi, Javid] ARS, USDA, European Biol Control Lab, GR-54623 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Kolomiets, Tamara; Pankratova, Lyubov] VNIIF, All Russia Res Phytopathol Inst, Moscow 143050, Russia. [Mukhina, Zhanna] All Russia Rice Res Inst, Krasnodar 350921, Russia. [Cripps, Michael; Bourdot, Graeme] AgResearch Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Berner, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Foreign Disease Weed Sci Res Unit, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM dana.berner@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative [2007-55320-18376, 3515-USDA-USDA-8379]; International Science and Technology Center [3289]; USDA/ARS Office of International Research Programs; U.S. Department of State; USDA; ARS; European Biological Control Laboratory; Montpellier, France; Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment through the Undermining Weeds programme FX Research in USA was supported in part by National Research Initiative Grant 2007-55320-18376 and sub-grant 3515-USDA-USDA-8379. Research in Russia was supported by International Science and Technology Center Grant #3289 funded by the USDA/ARS Office of International Research Programs and the U.S. Department of State. Research in Greece was supported by USDA, ARS, European Biological Control Laboratory, Montpellier, France. Research in New Zealand was supported by the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment through the Undermining Weeds programme. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 350 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.09.010 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 262FQ UT WOS:000327720100008 ER PT J AU Meng, QX Hanson, LE Douches, D Hao, JJJ AF Meng, Qingxiao Hanson, Linda E. Douches, Dave Hao, Jianjun J. TI Managing scab diseases of potato and radish caused by Streptomyces spp. using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BAC03 and other biomaterials SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Common scab; Streptomyces; Biological control; Field evaluation; Biomaterials ID COMMON SCAB; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; PLANT PATHOGENICITY; VERTICILLIUM WILT; STRAIN; BIOCONTROL; AGENT AB Streptomyces spp. cause scab in plants like potato and radish. To effectively control this disease, biologically based materials were examined for their efficacies. In greenhouse or growth chamber tests, potting mix was infested with Streptomyces scabies (10(6) CFU cm(-3)), followed by applying different products. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain BAC03 (10(5) CFU cm(-3)) reduced disease severity and potentially enhanced growth of radish; chestnut tissues at 50% in volume, oregano and clove essential oils (0.1 mu g cm(-3)), and ground horseradish (>0.18 g m(-3)) significantly reduced the severity of common scab in potato and/or radish. In two Michigan fields in 2011 and 2012, chestnut tissues (1.15 kg m(-2)), oregano essential oil (1.5 ml m(-2)), and ground horseradish (0.38 g m(-2)) were incorporated into the soil 2 weeks before planting. BAC03 (10(6) CFU ml(-1), 1 L m(-2)) was drenched into the root zone soil 4 times at 2 week intervals starting 1 month after planting. BAC03 significantly reduced disease severity by 17-57% relative to control in two locations over 2 years. BAC03 also enhanced potato tuber weight by 33% and 26% in 2011 in two locations. The rest of the treatments caused significant disease reduction, but were less effective compared to BAC03, and efficacy varied depending on location and year. Therefore, BAC03 can be a good biological control agent for potato common scab management. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meng, Qingxiao; Hanson, Linda E.; Douches, Dave; Hao, Jianjun J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Hanson, Linda E.] ARS Res Plant Pathol, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Hao, Jianjun J.] Univ Maine, Sch Food & Agr, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Hao, JJJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Food & Agr, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM jianjun.hao1@maine.edu FU Michigan Potato Industry Commission; Michigan State University Project GREEEN FX This project was partially supported by Michigan Potato Industry Commission, and Michigan State University Project GREEEN. The authors are grateful to Joe Coombs, Greg Steere, and Matt Zuehlke in Michigan State University Potato Breeding Center and Bruce Sackett in Montcalm Research Center for providing technical support in the field. We thank Y. Bi, H. Liu, and J. Huck for assistance in the lab and field. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 373 EP 379 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.09.009 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 262FQ UT WOS:000327720100010 ER PT J AU Valles, SM Shoemaker, D Wurm, Y Strong, CA Varone, L Becnel, JJ Shirk, PD AF Valles, Steven M. Shoemaker, DeWayne Wurm, Yannick Strong, Charles A. Varone, Laura Becnel, James J. Shirk, Paul D. TI Discovery and molecular characterization of an ambisense densovirus from South American populations of Solenopsis invicta SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; Solenopsis invicta; Densovirus; DNA virus; Genome sequence ID IMPORTED FIRE ANT; PICORNA-LIKE VIRUS; STRAND RNA VIRUS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; THELOHANIA-SOLENOPSAE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NATURAL ENEMIES; GENOME AB In an effort to discover viruses as classical biological control agents, a metatranscriptomics/pyrosequencing approach was used to survey native Solenopsis invicta collected exclusively in Argentina. A new virus was discovered with characteristics consistent with the family Parvoviridae, subfamily Densovirinae. The virus, tentatively named Solenopsis invicta densovirus (SiDNV), represents the first DNA virus discovered in ants (Formicidae) and the first densovirus in a hymenopteran insect. The ambisense genome was 5280 nucleotides in length and the termini possessed asymmetrically positioned inverted terminal repeats, formed hairpin loops, and had transcriptional regulatory elements including CAAT and TATA sites. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SiDNV belongs to a group that includes two other densoviruses found in insects (Acheta domestica densovirus and Planococcus citri densovirus). SiDNV was prevalent in fire ants from Argentina but completely absent in fire ants found in the USA indicating that this virus has potential for biological control of introduced S. invicta. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Valles, Steven M.; Shoemaker, DeWayne; Strong, Charles A.; Becnel, James J.; Shirk, Paul D.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Wurm, Yannick] Sch Biol & Chem Sci, Div Organismal Biol, London E1 4NS, England. [Wurm, Yannick] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Varone, Laura] Fdn Estudio Especies Invasivas, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL USA. EM steven.valles@ars.usda.gov RI Wurm, Yannick/A-9525-2009 OI Wurm, Yannick/0000-0002-3140-2809 FU Infectigen FX We thank R. Nagoshi and M.Y. Choi (USDA-ARS) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We are also grateful to Neil Sanscrainte for assistance with electron microscopy. YW is grateful to Laurent Keller for support (YW was funded by grants to Laurent Keller). Research supported in part by a grant from Infectigen. We thank the Vital-IT (http://www.vital-it.ch) Center for high-performance computing of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics for access to the SIB BLAST Network Service. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 431 EP 439 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.09.015 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 262FQ UT WOS:000327720100016 ER PT J AU Infante, F Castillo, A Perez, J Vega, FE AF Infante, Francisco Castillo, Alfredo Perez, Jeanneth Vega, Fernando E. TI Field-cage evaluation of the parasitoid Phymastichus coffea as a natural enemy of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Hypothenemus; Coffee berry borer; Phymastichus; Eulophidae; Inclusion cages; Biological control; Mexico ID COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE SCOLYTINAE; FERRARI COLEOPTERA; HYMENOPTERA; EULOPHIDAE; COLOMBIA; BIOLOGY; TETRASTICHINAE AB Phymastichus coffea LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is an African parasitoid that has been imported to Mexico and other Latin American countries for the biological control of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). As a part of the evaluation of this natural enemy in Mexico, we conducted a series of parasitoid inclusion cage experiments to evaluate parasitism rates under different parasitoid: borer ratios (1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 and 1:30) using entomological sleeves. The presence of P. coffea inside the sleeves did not affect avoid the perforation of coffee berries by the borers, but damages to berries were significantly diminished. Borers that did not enter coffee berries were more susceptible to be parasitized by P. coffea than borers that entered inside berries (i.e., borers that perforated the endosperm). The treatment resulting in the highest level of parasitism was the 1:5 parasitoid: borer ratio, which had 79% parasitism when borers where outside berries. In general, the highest percentage of parasitism occurred when the highest proportion of parasitoids was used. The 1:5 and 1:10 parasitoid: borer ratio resulted in the highest parasitism. The use of P. coffea resulted in a 2.2-3.1 fold lower coffee berry borer damage to the seeds weight, showing the beneficial effect of this natural enemy. The weight of coffee seeds significantly decreased in treatments where no parasitoids were used (control) and in treatments with the highest number of borers. All treatments that received parasitoids to control the coffee berry borer had a higher seed weight than the control. Our studies indicate that P. coffea has a strong potential to become an effective biological control agent against the coffee berry borer. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Infante, Francisco; Castillo, Alfredo; Perez, Jeanneth] El Colegio Frontera Sur ECOSUR, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. [Vega, Fernando E.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Infante, F (reprint author), El Colegio Frontera Sur ECOSUR, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2-5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. EM finfante@ecosur.mx RI Alfredo, Castillo/B-5491-2016; OI Alfredo, Castillo/0000-0003-1452-0026; Infante, Francisco/0000-0002-7419-7606; Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640 FU El Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a (CONACYT) of Mexico [37335-B] FX We are very grateful to the owner and workers of Finca Alianza for the facilities offered and kind support. We thank F. Nucamendi, J. Espinoza and V.H. Galindo for technical assistance. Special thanks to Javier Valle-Mora (ECOSUR) for statistical advice. Financial support by El Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a (CONACYT) of Mexico (grant 37335-B) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 34 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 446 EP 450 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.09.019 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 262FQ UT WOS:000327720100018 ER PT J AU Zou, DY Wu, HH Coudron, TA Zhang, LS Wang, MQ Liu, CX Chen, HY AF Zou, D. Y. Wu, H. H. Coudron, T. A. Zhang, L. S. Wang, M. Q. Liu, C. X. Chen, H. Y. TI A meridic diet for continuous rearing of Arma chinensis (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Arma chinensis; Artificial diet; Pupae of Antheraea pernyi; Biological characteristics; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ID PODISUS-MACULIVENTRIS HETEROPTERA; PERILLUS-BIOCULATUS HETEROPTERA; PREDACEOUS STINK BUG; ARTIFICIAL DIET; LIFE-HISTORY; OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT; SAY HETEROPTERA; COST-ANALYSIS; NUTRITION; PREY AB An artificial diet comprised of pig liver and tuna fish but devoid of insect components was developed for continuous rearing of the predator Arma chinensis Fallou. Our results demonstrated less desirable biological parameters in A. chinensis reared on this artificial diet compared to a secondary prey, pupae of Chinese oak silk moth Antheraea pernyi Guerin-Meneville. Weight of eggs and adults, fecundity and egg viability were lower for diet-fed A. chinensis compared to A. chinensis reared on pupae of A. pernyi. Developmental time from 2nd instar to adult and the preovipositional period were significantly longer for dietfed A. chinensis. Cannibalism was also higher with diet-fed A. chinensis. Over successive generations of rearing on the diet some of the characteristics improved, such as developmental time, survival from 2nd instar to adult, sex ratio(male:female), adult weight, fecundity and fertility. These changes may indicate that the predators experience some degree of adaptation to, or genetic selection for, the diet after several consecutive generations. There were no changes in developmental time of egg and 1st instar, or survival from 1st to 2nd instar with successive generations reared on the artificial diet. However, diet-fed adults did live longer than pupae-fed adults. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zou, D. Y.; Wu, H. H.; Zhang, L. S.; Wang, M. Q.; Liu, C. X.; Chen, H. Y.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Integrated Pest Management Crops, Minist Agr, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Zou, D. Y.; Zhang, L. S.; Wang, M. Q.; Liu, C. X.; Chen, H. Y.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Sino Amer Biol Control Lab, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Coudron, T. A.] ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Zou, D. Y.] Tianjin Acad Agr Sci, Tianjin Inst Plant Protect, Tianjin 300381, Peoples R China. RP Chen, HY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Integrated Pest Management Crops, Minist Agr, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM hongyinc@163.com FU Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201103002]; Project of International Cooperation of Agriculture of China [2011-G4]; 973 Program [2013CB127602]; Sino-America Biocontrol International Cooperation Program [58-4001-4053] FX We thank the personnel at the Institute of Forest Protection, Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences, Changchun, China, for their support and for providing the biological material for this study. We also extend our thanks to all reviewers for their useful comments. This research was partly supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (no. 201103002), Project of International Cooperation of Agriculture of China (no. 2011-G4), the 973 Program (2013CB127602), and Sino-America Biocontrol International Cooperation Program (no. 58-4001-4053). NR 48 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 491 EP 497 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.09.020 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 262FQ UT WOS:000327720100024 ER PT J AU Hanson, AA Venette, RC Lelito, JP AF Hanson, Anthony A. Venette, Robert C. Lelito, Jonathan P. TI Cold tolerance of Chinese emerald ash borer parasitoids: Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and Oobius agrili Zhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; Supercooling point; Lower lethal temperature; Lower lethal time ID COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; SUPERCOOLING POINT; LOW-TEMPERATURES; NATURAL ENEMIES; NORTH-AMERICA; INSECTS; ESTABLISHMENT; LEPIDOPTERA; SUITABILITY AB Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is an invasive insect that has caused significant ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality in North America. Three Chinese parasitoids have been approved for release as part of a classical biological control program for A. planipennis in the United States: Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and Oobius agrili Zhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). This study was designed to measure the cold tolerance of the overwintering stage for each parasitoid species in the laboratory. We exposed cold-acclimated and non-cold-acclimated individuals to temperatures from 0 to -35 degrees C to determine temperatures that cause body fluids to freeze, mortality after brief exposure, and mortality after long-term exposure. Cold acclimation lowered the supercooling points of S. agrili (median -28.8 degrees C) and T. planipennisi (median -29.4 degrees C). Median supercooling point for Oobius agrili was -30.5 degrees C. Cold acclimation also increased survival of diapausing S. agrili (50% mortality at -27.3 versus -23.7 degrees C for non-diapausing S. agrili) during brief cold exposure. T. planipennisi and S. agrili mortality increased over long term cold exposure when held at constant temperature. Half of T. planipennisi are predicted to fail to eclose after exposure to 0, -5, -10, and -15 degrees C after >84, 82, 59, and 36 days, respectively, while 50% of S. agrili with diapause induced in one generation would be discolored from cold injury >84 days for all exposure temperatures. Our models characterizing parasitoid mortality due to cold exposure can be used to assess the climatic suitability of a location prior to release. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hanson, Anthony A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venette, Robert C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Emerald Ash Borer Biol Control, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Venette, RC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1990 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM hans4022@umn.edu; rvenette@fs.fed.us RI Hanson, Anthony/A-1324-2014 OI Hanson, Anthony/0000-0002-5539-0486 FU USDA APHIS; Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund FX We would like to thank the USDA Emerald Ash Borer - Biological Control Facility in Brighton, MI for providing parasitoids. We also appreciate partial financial support provided by USDA APHIS and the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund. We thank Drs. Bill Hutchison, Roger Moon, Tracy Twine, Juli Gould, Leah Bauer and anonymous reviewers for comments on a previous version of this manuscript. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 39 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 516 EP 529 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.08.015 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 262FQ UT WOS:000327720100027 ER PT J AU Gurung, RB Begg, DJ Purdie, AC Bannantine, JP Whittington, RJ AF Gurung, Ratna B. Begg, Douglas J. Purdie, Auriol C. Bannantine, John P. Whittington, Richard J. TI Antigenicity of Recombinant Maltose Binding Protein-Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis Fusion Proteins with and without Factor Xa Cleaving SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; JOHNES-DISEASE; BOVINE PARATUBERCULOSIS; STRESS CONDITIONS; GROWTH-PATTERN; IMMUNOGENICITY; SHEEP; IDENTIFICATION; SPECIFICITY; INFECTION AB Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes Johne's disease (JD) in ruminants. Proteomic studies have shown that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis expresses certain proteins when exposed to in vitro physiological stress conditions similar to the conditions experienced within a host during natural infection. Such proteins are hypothesized to be expressed in vivo, are recognized by the host immune system, and may be of potential use in the diagnosis of JD. In this study, 50 recombinant maltose binding protein (MBP)-M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis fusion proteins were evaluated using serum samples from sheep infected with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and 29 (58%) were found to be antigenic. Among 50 fusion proteins, 10 were evaluated in MBP fusion and factor Xa-cleaved forms. A total of 31 proteins (62%) were found to be antigenic in either MBP fusion or factor Xa-cleaved forms. Antigenicity after cleavage and removal of the MBP tag was marginally enhanced. C1 [Gurung, Ratna B.; Begg, Douglas J.; Purdie, Auriol C.; Whittington, Richard J.] Univ Sydney, Fac Vet Sci, Camden, NSW, Australia. [Gurung, Ratna B.] Minist Agr & Forests, Dept Livestock, Thimphu, Bhutan. [Bannantine, John P.] ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Gurung, RB (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Vet Sci, Camden, NSW, Australia. EM ratna.gurung@sydney.edu.au OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; Purdie, Auriol/0000-0003-1941-6658 FU Meat and Livestock Australia; Sheepmeat Council of Australia; WoolProducers Australia through Animal Health Australia; Cattle Council of Australia FX This work was supported by Meat and Livestock Australia and by the Cattle Council of Australia, the Sheepmeat Council of Australia, and WoolProducers Australia through Animal Health Australia. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1817 EP 1826 DI 10.1128/CVI.00596-13 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 262CZ UT WOS:000327713000006 PM 24132604 ER PT J AU Bass, KE Nonnecke, BJ Palmer, MV Thacker, TC Hardegger, R Schroeder, B Raeber, AJ Waters, WR AF Bass, K. E. Nonnecke, B. J. Palmer, M. V. Thacker, T. C. Hardegger, R. Schroeder, B. Raeber, A. J. Waters, W. R. TI Clinical and Diagnostic Developments of a Gamma Interferon Release Assay for Use in Bovine Tuberculosis Control Programs SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; SKIN-TEST; CATTLE; SENSITIVITY; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; RESPONSES; DISEASE; COMPLEX; ANTIGEN AB Currently, the Bovigam assay is used as an official supplemental test within bovine tuberculosis control programs. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate two Mycobacterium bovis-specific peptide cocktails and purified protein derivatives (PPDs) from two sources, liquid and lyophilized antigen preparations. PPDs and peptide cocktails were also used for comparison of a second-generation gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) release assay kit with the currently licensed first-generation kit (Bovigam; Prionics AG). Three strains of M. bovis were used for experimental challenge: M. bovis 95-1315, M. bovis Ravenel, and M. bovis 10-7428. Additionally, samples from a tuberculosis-affected herd (i.e., naturally infected) were evaluated. Robust responses to both peptide cocktails, HP (PC-HP) and ESAT-6/CFP10 (PC-EC), and the PPDs were elicited as early as 3 weeks after challenge. Only minor differences in responses to Commonwealth Serum Laboratories (CSL) and Lelystad PPDs were detected with samples from experimentally infected animals. For instance, responses to Lelystad M. avium-derived PPD (PPDa) exceeded the respective responses to the CSL PPDa in M. bovis Ravenel-infected and control animals. However, a 1: 4 dilution of stimulated plasma demonstrated greater separation of PPDb from PPDa responses (i.e., PPDb minus PPDa) with the use of Lelystad PPDs, suggesting that Lelystad PPDs provide greater diagnostic sensitivity than CSL PPDs. The responses to lyophilized and liquid antigen preparations did not differ. Responses detected with first-and second-generation IFN-gamma release assay kits (Bovigam) did not differ throughout the study. In conclusion, antigens may be stored in a lyophilized state without loss in potency, PC-HP and PC-EC are dependable biomarkers for aiding in the detection of bovine tuberculosis, and second-generation Bovigam kits are comparable to currently used kits. C1 [Bass, K. E.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Bass, K. E.; Nonnecke, B. J.; Palmer, M. V.; Thacker, T. C.; Waters, W. R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hardegger, R.; Schroeder, B.; Raeber, A. J.] Prion AG, Schlieren, Switzerland. RP Waters, WR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ray.waters@ars.usda.gov OI Thacker, Tyler/0000-0001-6779-7649 FU Prionics AG [58-3K95-2-1551]; USDA/ARS/NADC [58-3K95-2-1551] FX This research was carried out under a cooperative research and development agreement (no. 58-3K95-2-1551) between Prionics AG and USDA/ARS/NADC. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1827 EP 1835 DI 10.1128/CVI.00519-13 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 262CZ UT WOS:000327713000007 PM 24132602 ER PT J AU Mengistu, A Reddy, KN Bellaloui, N Walker, ER Kelly, HM AF Mengistu, Alemu Reddy, Krishna N. Bellaloui, Nacer Walker, Eric R. Kelly, Heather M. TI Effect of glyphosate on Macrophomina phaseolina in vitro and its effect on disease severity of soybean in the field SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Macrophomina phaseolina; Charcoal rot; Glyphosate; CFU (colony forming unit) ID SUDDEN-DEATH-SYNDROME; ROOT COLONIZATION; CHARCOAL ROT; HERBICIDES; SOLANI; WHEAT; ACCUMULATION; IMPACT AB Laboratory and field studies were conducted to assess the effects of glyphosate on Macrophomina phaseolina culture growth in vitro and the disease severity of charcoal rot in soybean fields at Stoneville, MS and Jackson, TN. Glyphosate inhibited M. phaseolina growth in a linear dose dependent manner when technical grade glyphosate acid (GlyCry) was used; however, growth was inhibited in an exponential dose dependent manner when a commercial formulation of glyphosate-potassium salt (Gly-K salt) was used. The glyphosate GR(50) values (glyphosate concentration required to cause a 50% reduction) in culture radial growth ranged from 0.25 to 9.94 mM among the M. Phaseolina isolates, temperatures, and formulations. The three isolates differed in response to various concentrations across the three temperature regimes. Among the three isolates, TN 410 was the most sensitive for both GlyCry (GR(50) = 7.74 mM) and Gly-K salt (GR(50) = 0.25 mM) at 30 degrees C. This research indicates that glyphosate has the ability to inhibit growth of M. phaseolina in culture in vitro. The preliminary field studies demonstrated that application of glyphosate to glyphosate-resistant soybeans did not enhance or reduce the severity of charcoal rot in a no-till field in TN but had some suppressing effect in a tilled environment in MS when single applications were made at growth stage V3 and V6. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mengistu, Alemu] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Reddy, Krishna N.] Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Washington, DC USA. [Bellaloui, Nacer] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Walker, Eric R.] Univ Tennessee, Martin, TN 38237 USA. [Kelly, Heather M.] Univ Tennessee, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. RP Mengistu, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, 605 Airways Blvd, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. EM alemu.mengistu@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service project [6401-21000-002-00D] FX The authors thank Mrs. Debbie Boykin, USDA-ARS Mid-South Area Statistician, for assistance in data analysis. This research was funded by United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service project number 6401-21000-002-00D. We wish to thank Chris Street, Jason Deffenbaugh, Jamie Jordan and Tara Sydboten for their assistance in the field and laboratory test. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 54 BP 23 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.07.015 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 260EW UT WOS:000327578800003 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Brenneman, TB Hotchkiss, MW Wood, BW AF Bock, Clive H. Brenneman, Tim B. Hotchkiss, Michael W. Wood, Bruce W. TI Trunk applications of phosphite for the control of foliar and fruit scab on pecan SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Pecan; Fusicladium effusum; Scab; Phosphite; Integrated management ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; PHYTOPHTHORA-CINNAMOMI; CLADOSPORIUM-CARYIGENUM; POTASSIUM PHOSPHITE; SOUTHEASTERN USA; HOST-RESISTANCE; LEAF WETNESS; FOSETYL-AL; IN-VITRO; SENSITIVITY AB Pecan scab (Fusicladium effusum) is the major disease of pecan in the southeastern United States. Apart from issues of fungicide resistance and the need to test efficacy of novel fungicides such as phosphites, management of the disease in tall trees is challenging due to the technical difficulties of getting sufficient spray coverage to the upper parts of the canopy. The use of trunk application of phosphite, which is systemically transported within the tree, was investigated in six separate experiments in 2010 and 2011. Spray application of phosphite to the trunks of young 3 to 4 year-old trees provided excellent control of scab on foliage of cultivar Desirable, but slightly less control on the susceptible cultivar Wichita, but neither incidence nor severity of scab was reduced on 11 to 12 year-old trees of cultivar Desirable by trunk-spray application in 2010, although slightly less severe disease was observed in 2011. In two factorial cultivar x fungicide treatment experiments in 2010 and 2011 using 13 to 14 year-old trees there was little effect of trunk applications on scab incidence or severity on foliage or fruit. However foliar application of phosphite and a conventional fungicide both significantly reduced the incidence and severity of scab on most cultivars on both foliage and fruit, confirming previous observations of the efficacy of these foliar sprays. Different methods of trunk application, for example injections of phosphite, might prove more efficacious than surface application in older trees. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bock, Clive H.; Hotchkiss, Michael W.; Wood, Bruce W.] ARS, SEFTNRL, USDA, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Brenneman, Tim B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), ARS, SEFTNRL, USDA, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 54 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.04.015 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 260EW UT WOS:000327578800030 ER PT J AU Irish, BM Goenaga, R Rios, C Chavarria-Carvajal, J Ploetz, R AF Irish, B. M. Goenaga, R. Rios, C. Chavarria-Carvajal, J. Ploetz, R. TI Evaluation of banana hybrids for tolerance to black leaf streak (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet) in Puerto Rico SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Musa; Sigatoka; Mycosphaerella fijiensis; Germplasm; Breeding; Traits ID SIGATOKA; PLANTAIN; DISEASE; PATHOGENS; DOMESTICATION; CHALLENGES; DISPERSAL; QUALITY; YIELD AB In Puerto Rico, bananas (including plantains) are important agricultural commodities; their combined production totaled over 158,000 tons in 2011. Black leaf streak (BLS) and Sigatoka leaf spot diseases, caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis and Mycosphaerella musicola, respectively, are responsible for significant losses of this crop, due to the high susceptibility of the most important cultivars. Diploid, triploid and tetraploid hybrids were introduced from international breeding programs for evaluation in Isabela, Puerto Rico. Accessions were established in the field in a randomized complete block design and were evaluated over two cropping cycles (2007-2010) for response to BLS and agronomic traits. Significant differences (P = 0.05) in BLS severity were observed among accessions throughout both crop cycles and were most pronounced at harvest. When averaged across production cycles, severity indices at harvest ranged from very resistant (20% of the leaf surface affected) for 'FHIA 02' to extremely susceptible (97%) for 'Grand Nain'. Yield attributes varied widely among the accessions, including mean bunch weights (6.9-41.0 kg), numbers of hands per bunch (6.6-13.4), and the numbers of fruit per bunch (57.0-239.2). Several accessions, mainly from the Fundacion Hondurena de Investigacion Agricola (FHIA), were BLS resistant and had short pseudostems, and large bunches. They could potentially replace susceptible cultivars in commercial production or play roles in a nascent organic market. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Irish, B. M.; Goenaga, R.; Rios, C.] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Chavarria-Carvajal, J.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crop & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Ploetz, R.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. RP Irish, BM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 Pedro Albizu Campos Ave, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM Brian.Irish@usda.ars.gov; Ricardo.Goenaga@ars.usda.gov; Carlos.Rios@ars.usda.gov; Jose.Chavarria@upr.edu; kelly12@ufl.edu FU USDA-CSREES TSTAR grant [2008-34135-19505] FX The authors would like to thank Mr. Miguel Roman, Mr. Roberto Bravo, Mr. Edwin Monroig and Ms. Yaleidis Mendez (research technicians) for their help in these field evaluations. In addition, the authors would like to acknowledge Drs. Timothy Porch, Rhiannon Crichton, Inge Van den Berg and Consuelo Estevez for their critical internal review of the manuscript. This research was supported in part by a USDA-CSREES TSTAR grant 2008-34135-19505. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 54 BP 229 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.09.003 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 260EW UT WOS:000327578800032 ER PT J AU Rubin, C Myers, T Stokes, W Dunham, B Harris, S Lautner, B Annelli, J AF Rubin, Carol Myers, Tanya Stokes, William Dunham, Bernadette Harris, Stic Lautner, Beth Annelli, Joseph TI Review of Institute of Medicine and National Research Council Recommendations for One Health Initiative SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Human health is inextricably linked to the health of animals and the viability of ecosystems; this is a concept commonly known as One Health. Over the last 2 decades, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the National Research Council (NRC) have published consensus reports and workshop summaries addressing a variety of threats to animal, human, and ecosystem health. We reviewed a selection of these publications and identified recommendations from NRC and IOM/NRC consensus reports and from opinions expressed in workshop summaries that are relevant to implementation of the One Health paradigm shift. We grouped these recommendations and opinions into thematic categories to determine if sufficient attention has been given to various aspects of One Health. We conclude that although One Health themes have been included throughout numerous IOM and NRC publications, identified gaps remain that may warrant targeted studies related to the One Health approach. C1 [Rubin, Carol; Myers, Tanya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stokes, William] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Dunham, Bernadette] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Harris, Stic] Dept Homeland Secur, Washington, DC USA. [Lautner, Beth] USDA, Des Moines, IA USA. [Annelli, Joseph] USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. RP Rubin, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM crubin@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2013 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1913 EP 1917 DI 10.3201/eid1912.121659 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 263RV UT WOS:000327826600001 PM 24274461 ER PT J AU Rhyan, JC Nol, P Quance, C Gertonson, A Belfrage, J Harris, L Straka, K Robbe-Austerman, S AF Rhyan, Jack C. Nol, Pauline Quance, Christine Gertonson, Arnold Belfrage, John Harris, Lauren Straka, Kelly Robbe-Austerman, Suelee TI Transmission of Brucellosis from Elk to Cattle and Bison, Greater Yellowstone Area, USA, 2002-2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FREE-RANGING ELK; ABORTUS; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; ECOSYSTEM; SEROLOGY AB Bovine brucellosis has been nearly eliminated from livestock in the United States. Bison and elk in the Greater Yellowstone Area remain reservoirs for the disease. During 1990-2002, no known cases occurred in Greater Yellowstone Area livestock. Since then, 17 transmission events from wildlife to livestock have been investigated. C1 [Rhyan, Jack C.; Nol, Pauline; Harris, Lauren; Straka, Kelly] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gertonson, Arnold; Belfrage, John] Nat Resources Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Quance, Christine; Robbe-Austerman, Suelee] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Rhyan, JC (reprint author), Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jack.c.rhyan@aphis.usda.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 48 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2013 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1992 EP 1995 DI 10.3201/eid1912.130167 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 263RV UT WOS:000327826600015 PM 24274092 ER PT J AU Ouyang, Y Zhang, JE Parajuli, P AF Ouyang, Ying Zhang, Jia-En Parajuli, Prem TI Characterization of shallow groundwater quality in the Lower St. Johns River Basin: a case study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Contaminated land, ecological assessment, and remediation conference series (CLEAR) CY NOV 04-08, 2012 CL Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Groundwater quality; Kriging; Spatial distribution; Seasonal variation ID GEOSTATISTICS; LOAD AB Characterization of groundwater quality allows the evaluation of groundwater pollution and provides information for better management of groundwater resources. This study characterized the shallow groundwater quality and its spatial and seasonal variations in the Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida, USA, under agricultural, forest, wastewater, and residential land uses using field measurements and two-dimensional kriging analysis. Comparison of the concentrations of groundwater quality constituents against the US EPA's water quality criteria showed that the maximum nitrate/nitrite (NO (x) ) and arsenic (As) concentrations exceeded the EPA's drinking water standard limits, while the maximum Cl, SO (4) (2 -) , and Mn concentrations exceeded the EPA's national secondary drinking water regulations. In general, high kriging estimated groundwater NH (4) (+) concentrations were found around the agricultural areas, while high kriging estimated groundwater NO (x) concentrations were observed in the residential areas with a high density of septic tank distribution. Our study further revealed that more areas were found with high estimated NO (x) concentrations in summer than in spring. This occurred partially because of more NO (x) leaching into the shallow groundwater due to the wetter summer and partially because of faster nitrification rate due to the higher temperature in summer. Large extent and high kriging estimated total phosphorus concentrations were found in the residential areas. Overall, the groundwater Na and Mg concentration distributions were relatively more even in summer than in spring. Higher kriging estimated groundwater As concentrations were found around the agricultural areas, which exceeded the EPA's drinking water standard limit. Very small variations in groundwater dissolved organic carbon concentrations were observed between spring and summer. This study demonstrated that the concentrations of groundwater quality constituents varied from location to location, and impacts of land uses on groundwater quality variation were profound. C1 [Ouyang, Ying] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Zhang, Jia-En] South China Agr Univ, Dept Ecol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Parajuli, Prem] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Ouyang, Y (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 100 Stone Blvd,Thompson Hall,Room 309, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM youyang@fs.fed.us NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 49 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 20 IS 12 BP 8860 EP 8870 DI 10.1007/s11356-013-1864-x PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 259AA UT WOS:000327498600054 PM 23749369 ER PT J AU Yang, YL Bajracharya, P Castillo, P Nachman, RJ Pietrantonio, PV AF Yang, Yunlong Bajracharya, Prati Castillo, Paula Nachman, Ronald J. Pietrantonio, Patricia V. TI Molecular and functional characterization of the first tick CAP(2b) (periviscerokinin) receptor from Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR); Cardioacceleratory peptide 2b (CAP(2b))/periviscerokinins (PVK); Tick; qRT-PCR; Bioluminescence calcium assay; Pyrokinins (PK) ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; SOUTHERN CATTLE TICK; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; AMERICAN DOG TICK; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; SYNGANGLION TRANSCRIPTOME; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CAPA PEPTIDES; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION AB The cDNA of the receptor for CAP(2b)/periviscerokinin (PVK) neuropeptides, designated Rhimi-CAP(2b)-R, was cloned from synganglia of tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. This receptor is the ortholog of the insect CAP(2b)/PVK receptor, as concluded from analyses of the predicted protein sequence, phylogenetics and functional expression. Expression analyses of synganglion, salivary gland, Malpighian tubule, and ovary revealed Rhimi-CAP(2b)-R transcripts. The expression in mammalian cells of the open reading frame of Rhimi-CAP(2b)-R cDNA fused with a hemagglutinin tag at the receptor N-terminus was confirmed by immunocytochemistry. In a calcium bioluminescence assay the recombinant receptor was activated by the tick Ixodes scapularis CAP(2b)/PVK and a PVK analog with EC50s of 64 nM and 249 nM, respectively. Tick Pyrokinins were not active. This is the first report on the functional characterization of the CAP(2b)/PVK receptor from any tick species which will now permit the discovery of the physiological roles of these neuropeptides in ticks, as neurohormones, neuromodulators and/or neurotransmitters. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Yunlong; Bajracharya, Prati; Castillo, Paula; Pietrantonio, Patricia V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Pietrantonio, PV (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM p-pietrantonio@tamu.edu FU NRI/CREES [2008-35302-18820]; USDA/DOD DWFP [0500-32000-001-01R]; BARD [IS-4205-09C] FX The collaboration of Dr. Adalberto A. Perez de Leon, Director, Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Kerrville, Texas, USA, in providing tick tissues is enormously appreciated. Mr. Jason Tidwell, USDA-ARS, Mission, Texas, USA, is acknowledged for technical assistance. This research was supported by an award from the NRI/CREES (#2008-35302-18820) to P.V.P. and awards from USDA/DOD DWFP (#0500-32000-001-01R) [for the NOVOStar plate reader] and BARD (IS-4205-09C) [for the CAP2b and pyrokinin peptides] to R.J.N. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 194 BP 142 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.09.001 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 266EQ UT WOS:000328006600016 PM 24055303 ER PT J AU Jones, D Jones, G Teal, PEA AF Jones, Davy Jones, Grace Teal, Peter E. A. TI Sesquiterpene action, and morphogenetic signaling through the ortholog of retinoid X receptor, in higher Diptera SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Ultraspiracle; Methyl farnesoate; RXR; Retinoic acid; Juvenile hormone; Metamorphosis ID JUVENILE-HORMONE ACTIVITY; LIGAND-BINDING POCKET; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; NUCLEAR RECEPTOR; CYCLORRHAPHOUS DIPTERA; 9-CIS-RETINOIC ACID; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GENE-EXPRESSION; CORPORA ALLATA; METAMORPHOSIS AB Morphogenetic signaling by small terpenoid hormones is a common feature of both vertebrate and invertebrate development. Most attention on insect developmental signaling by small terpenoids has focused on signaling by juvenile hormone through bHLH-PAS proteins (e.g., the MET protein), especially as that signaling axis intersects with ecdysteroid action through the receptor EcR. However, a series of endocrine and pharmacological studies on pupariation in cyclorrhaphous Diptera have remained persistently refractory to explanation with the above two-axis model. Recently, the terpenoid compound methyl farnesoate has been physicochemically demonstrated to exist in circulation at physiological concentrations, in several mecopterid orders, including Diptera. In addition, it has also been recently demonstrated that the receptor to which methyl farnesoate binds with nanomolar affinity (ultraspiracle, an ortholog of retinoid X receptor) requires a functioning ligand binding pocket to sustain the morphogenetic transition to puparium formation. This review evaluates endocrine and pharmacological evidence for developmental pathways reached by methyl farnesoate action, and assesses the participation of the retinoid X receptor ligand pocket in signal transduction to those developmental endpoints. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jones, Davy] Univ Kentucky, Grad Ctr Toxicol, Lexington, KY 40504 USA. [Jones, Grace] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biol, Lexington, KY 40504 USA. [Teal, Peter E. A.] USDA ARS, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Jones, D (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Grad Ctr Toxicol, Lexington, KY 40504 USA. EM djones@uky.edu; gjones@uky.edu; Peter.Teal@ARS.USDA.GOV FU NSF [1052142] FX G.J. and D.J. were supported by NSF 1052142. Appreciation is expressed to Drs. Lynn Riddiford and Judy Willis for their very helpful reviews of an early version of the manuscript, and to the two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions rendered further improvement. NR 76 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 194 BP 326 EP 335 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.09.021 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 266EQ UT WOS:000328006600037 PM 24120505 ER PT J AU Volpe, SL Hall, WJ Steckler, A Schneider, M Thompson, D Mobley, C Pham, T El ghormli, L AF Volpe, S. L. Hall, W. J. Steckler, A. Schneider, M. Thompson, D. Mobley, C. Pham, T. El ghormli, L. TI Process evaluation results from the HEALTHY nutrition intervention to modify the total school food environment SO HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PREVENTION TRIAL; RATIONALE; DESIGN; COMPONENT; STUDENTS; CHILDREN; YOUTH AB The process evaluation of HEALTHY, a large multi-center trial to decrease type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle school children, monitored the implementation of the intervention to ascertain the extent that components were delivered and received as intended. The purpose of this article is to report the process evaluation findings concerning the extent to which the HEALTHY nutrition intervention was implemented during the HEALTHY trial. Overall, the observed fidelity of implementing nutrition strategies improved from baseline to the end of the study. By the last semester, all but two nutrition process evaluation goals were met. The most challenging goal to implement was serving high fiber foods, including grain-based foods and legumes. The easiest goals to implement were lowering the fat content of foods offered and offering healthier beverages. The most challenging barriers experienced by research dietitians and food service staff were costs, availability of foods and student acceptance. Forming strong relationships between the research dietitians and food service staff was identified as a key strategy to meet HEALTHY nutrition goals. C1 [Volpe, S. L.] Drexel Univ, Coll Nursing & Hlth Profess, Dept Nutr Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. [Hall, W. J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Steckler, A.] Univ N Carolina, Hlth Behav Dept, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Schneider, M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Social Ecol, Dept Planning Policy & Design, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Thompson, D.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mobley, C.] Univ Nevada, Sch Dent Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Pham, T.; El ghormli, L.] George Washington Univ, Ctr Biostat, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Pham, T (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Ctr Biostat, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM today@bsc.gwu.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [U01-DK61230, U01-DK61231, U01-DK61249, U01-DK61223] NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1153 EI 1465-3648 J9 HEALTH EDUC RES JI Health Educ. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 28 IS 6 BP 970 EP 978 DI 10.1093/her/cyt096 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 258JK UT WOS:000327455300004 PM 24107856 ER PT J AU Smith, CE Tucker, KL Arnett, DK Noel, SE Corella, D Borecki, IB Feitosa, MF Aslibekyan, S Parnell, LD Lai, CQ Lee, YC Ordovas, JM AF Smith, Caren E. Tucker, Katherine L. Arnett, Donna K. Noel, Sabrina E. Corella, Dolores Borecki, Ingrid B. Feitosa, Mary F. Aslibekyan, Stella Parnell, Laurence D. Lai, Chao-Qiang Lee, Yu-Chi Ordovas, Jose M. TI Apolipoprotein A2 Polymorphism Interacts with Intakes of Dairy Foods to Influence Body Weight in 2 US Populations SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID SATURATION AFFECTS APOLIPOPROTEIN; DIETARY-FAT; MASS INDEX; ENERGY-INTAKE; PUERTO-RICAN; II GENE; ADULTS; OBESITY; GAIN; ASSOCIATION AB The interaction between a functional apolipoprotein A2 gene (APOA2) variant and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) for the outcome of body mass index (BMI) is among the most widely replicated gene-nutrient interactions. Whether this interaction can be extrapolated to food-based sources of SFAs, specifically dairy foods, is unexplored. Cross-sectional analyses were performed in 2 U.S. population based samples. We evaluated interactions between dairy foods and APOA2 -2651 > C (rs5082) for BMI in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (n = 955) and tested for replication in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) study (n = 1116). Dairy products were evaluated as total dairy, higher-fat dairy (>1%), and low-fat dairy (<= 1%) in servings per day, dichotomized into high and low based on each population median and also as continuous variables. We identified a statistically significant interaction between the APOA2 -2651 > C variant and higher-fat dairy food intake in the Boston Puerto Ricans (P-interaction = 0.028) and replicated this relation in the GOLDN study (P-interaction = 0.001). In both groups, individuals with the previously demonstrated SFA-sensitive genotype (CC) who consumed a greater amount of higher-fat dairy foods had greater BMI (P = 0.013 in Boston Puerto Ricans; P = 0.0007 in GOLDN women) compared with those consuming less of the higher-fat dairy foods. The results expand the understanding of the metabolic influence of dairy products, an important food group for which variable relations to body weight may be in part genetically based. Moreover, these findings suggest that other strongly demonstrated gene-nutrient relations might be investigated through appropriate food-based, translatable avenues and may be relevant to dietary management of obesity. C1 [Smith, Caren E.; Parnell, Laurence D.; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Lee, Yu-Chi; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.; Noel, Sabrina E.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Arnett, Donna K.; Aslibekyan, Stella] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Valencia, Spain. [Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Ctr Biomed Res Network Physiopathol Obes & Nutr, Valencia, Spain. [Borecki, Ingrid B.; Feitosa, Mary F.] Washington Univ, Ctr Genome Sci, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Invest, Dept Epidemiol, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Madrid Inst Adv Studies Food, Madrid, Spain. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu RI Feitosa, Mary/K-8044-2012; OI Feitosa, Mary/0000-0002-0933-2410; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging [P01AG023394]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [P50HL105185, HL54776]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK075030]; U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging grant P01AG023394, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants P50HL105185 and HL54776, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant DK075030, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 143 IS 12 BP 1865 EP 1871 DI 10.3945/jn.113.179051 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 260CB UT WOS:000327571500001 PM 24108135 ER PT J AU Ipharraguerre, IR Tedo, G Menoyo, D Cabero, ND Holst, JJ Nofrarias, M Mereu, A Burrin, DG AF Ipharraguerre, Ignacio R. Tedo, Gemma Menoyo, David de Diego Cabero, Nuria Holst, Jens J. Nofrarias, Miguel Mereu, Alessandro Burrin, Douglas G. TI Bile Acids Induce Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 Secretion with Limited Effects on Intestinal Adaptation in Early Weaned Pigs SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUES; CONVENTIONAL PIGS; NEONATAL PIGLETS; BARRIER FUNCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANT STEROLS; CELL-LINE; PATHWAYS; PLASMA; DYSFUNCTION AB Early weaning is a stressful event characterized by a transient period of intestinal atrophy that may be mediated by reduced secretion of glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 2. We tested whether enterally fed bile acids or plant sterols could increase nutrient-dependent GLP-2 secretion and improve intestinal adaptation in weanling pigs. During the first 6 d after weaning, piglets were intragastrically infused once daily with either deionized water (control), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC; 60 mg/kg body weight), or beta-sitoesterol (BSE; 100 mg/kg body weight). Infusing CDC increased plasma GLP-2 (P < 0.05) but did not affect plasma GLP-1 and feed intake. The intestinal expression of glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor, sodium-dependent bile acid transporter, farnesoid X receptor, and guanosine protein-coupled bile acid receptor genes were not affected by CDC treatment. The intragastnc administration of CDC did not alter the weight and length of the intestine, yet increased the activation of caspase-3 in ileal villi (P < 0.02) and the expression of interleukin 6 (P < 0.002) in the jejunum. In contrast, infusing BSE did not affect any of the variables that were measured. Our results show that the enteral administration of the bile acid CDC potentiates the nutrient-induced secretion of endogenous GLP-2 in early-weaned pigs. Bile acid-enhanced release of GLP-2, however, did not result in improved intestinal growth, morphology, or inflammation during the postweaning degenerative phase. C1 [Ipharraguerre, Ignacio R.; Tedo, Gemma; Mereu, Alessandro] Lucta SA, Barcelona, Spain. [Menoyo, David; de Diego Cabero, Nuria] Univ Politecn Madrid, Higher Tech Sch Agr Engn, Dept Anim Prod, Madrid, Spain. [Holst, Jens J.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biomed Sci, Novo Nordisk Fdn Ctr Basic Metab Res, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Nofrarias, Miguel] Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Anim Hlth Res Ctr CReSA, Barcelona, Spain. [Nofrarias, Miguel] Inst Agrifood Res & Techonol, Barcelona, Spain. [Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ipharraguerre, IR (reprint author), Lucta SA, Barcelona, Spain. EM ignacio.ipharraguerre@lucta.es RI Menoyo, David/H-9178-2015; OI Menoyo, David/0000-0002-2813-1024; Holst, Jens Juul/0000-0001-6853-3805 FU Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial (CDTI), Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Espana [IDI-20111330] FX Supported by research grant IDI-20111330 from Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial (CDTI), Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Espana. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 143 IS 12 BP 1899 EP 1905 DI 10.3945/jn.113.177865 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 260CB UT WOS:000327571500005 PM 24047704 ER PT J AU Murphy, MM Spungen, JH Barraj, LM Bailey, RL Dwyer-, JT AF Murphy, Mary M. Spungen, Judith H. Barraj, Leila M. Bailey, Regan L. Dwyer-, Johanna T. TI Revising the Daily Values May Affect Food Fortification and in Turn Nutrient Intake Adequacy SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DIETARY; LEVEL AB The Nutrition Facts panel on food labels in the United States currently displays Daily Values (DVs) that are based on outdated RDAs. The FDA has indicated that it plans to update the DVs based on the newer Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), but there is controversy regarding the best method for calculating new DVs from the DRIs. To better understand the implications of DV revisions, assuming that manufacturers choose to maintain current label claims for micronutrients from voluntarily fortified foods, we modeled intake of 8 micronutrients using NHANES 2007-2008 data and 2 potential methods for calculating DVs: the population-weighted Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and the population-coverage RDA. In each scenario, levels of fortified nutrients were adjusted to maintain the current %DV. Usual nutrient intakes and percentages with usual intakes less than the EAR were estimated for the U.S. population and subpopulations aged >= 4 y (n = 7976). For most nutrients, estimates of the percentage of the U.S. population with intakes below the EAR were similar regardless of whether the DV corresponded to the population-weighted EAR or the population-coverage RDA. Potential decreases were observed in adequacy of nutrients of concern for women of childbearing age, namely iron and folate (up to 9% and 3%, respectively), adequacy of calcium among children (up to 6%), and adequacy of vitamin A intakes in the total population (5%) assuming use of the population-weighted EAR compared with the population-coverage RDA for setting the DV. Results of this modeling exercise will help to inform decisions in revising the DVs. C1 [Murphy, Mary M.; Spungen, Judith H.; Barraj, Leila M.] Exponent Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Bailey, Regan L.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dwyer-, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer-, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer-, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Murphy, MM (reprint author), Exponent Inc, Washington, DC USA. EM mmurphy@exponent.com OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU Fortification Committee of the International Life Sciences Institute, North America, Washington, DC FX Supported by the Fortification Committee of the International Life Sciences Institute, North America, Washington, DC. This is a free access article, distributed under terms (http://www.nutrition.org/publications/guidelines-and-policies/license/) that permit unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 143 IS 12 BP 1999 EP 2006 DI 10.3945/jn.113.181099 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 260CB UT WOS:000327571500018 PM 24132571 ER PT J AU Taylor, MM Medina, MB Lee, J Bumanlag, LP Latona, NP Brown, EM Liu, CK AF Taylor, M. M. Medina, M. B. Lee, J. Bumanlag, L. P. Latona, N. P. Brown, E. M. Liu, C. -K. TI TREATMENT OF HIDES WITH TARA-MODIFIED PROTEIN PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID OXIDIZED PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MODIFIED GELATIN; LEATHER; SURIMI; TANNINS; FILMS; ACID; GELS AB In prior research, we demonstrated that gelatin could be modified with quebracho to produce products whose physicochemical properties would enable them to be used effectively as fillers in leather processing, and that leather resulting from this treatment had improved subjective properties with little effect on mechanical properties. In an extension of the study, the tannin, tara was examined for its potential in gelatin modification. The advantage for using tara is that it gives an almost colorless product, which would be desirable in production of light colored leather, as well as imparting light fastness to the leather. The conditions for optimal tara modification of gelatin were determined and the products characterized. In this present study, these tara-modified gelatins were evaluated as fillers in the treatment of wet blue and wet white. In addition, the rate of uptake of the product was also examined using an analysis developed at ERRC for the measurement of polyphenols in foods. It was found that the treated leathers, when evaluated for their subjective properties (handle, fullness, break and color), demonstrated improved properties. There were no significant differences in treated and control samples of wet blue and wet white, with respect to the mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation, Young's Modulus, toughness index and tear strength). SEM examination of fiber structure showed differences in treated and untreated samples. Thus, another sustainable, economical resource, the polyphenolic tara, in conjunction with gelatin, has further shown its potential for use in leather production. C1 [Taylor, M. M.; Medina, M. B.; Lee, J.; Bumanlag, L. P.; Latona, N. P.; Brown, E. M.; Liu, C. -K.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Taylor, MM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM maryann.taylor@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 108 IS 12 BP 438 EP 444 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 265CC UT WOS:000327926300001 ER PT J AU Dietenberger, MA Shalbafan, A Welling, J Boardman, C AF Dietenberger, Mark A. Shalbafan, Ali Welling, Johannes Boardman, Charles TI Treated and untreated foam core particleboards with intumescent veneer SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY LA English DT Article DE Foam core particleboard; Cone calorimeter; Sandwich; FRT veneer; Polystyrene foam ID CONE CALORIMETER AB The effectiveness of treatments for the surface layer of novel foam core particleboards was evaluated by means of Cone calorimeter tests. Foam core particleboards with variations of surface layer treatment, adhesives, and surface layer thicknesses under similar processing conditions were used to produce the test specimen for the Cone calorimeter tests. Ignitability, heat release rate profile, peak of heat release rate, total heat released, effective heat of combustion, mass loss rate, gaseous emissions, and specific extinction area were measured using the cone irradiance of 50 kW m(-2). Additional analysis of this data provided fuel composition information that could reveal the pyrolysis events of the composite boards. Thermocouples at various depths were used to provide further verification of pyrolysis events. The unprotected foam core panels generally had much higher heat release rates, somewhat higher heat of combustion and much higher smoke production due to the polymeric foam component of tested panels, whereas time to ignition and total heat release were not pronounced from the veneer treated boards. Adding the commercial fire retardant veneer to the face particleboard provided a dramatic improvement to the measured flammability properties. It worked sufficiently well with a 3 mm thick surface layer to improve the predicted flame spread rating of the foam core particleboards. C1 [Dietenberger, Mark A.; Boardman, Charles] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Shalbafan, Ali] Univ Hamburg, Dept Wood Sci, D-21031 Hamburg, Germany. [Welling, Johannes] Thuenen Inst TI, Inst Wood Technol & Wood Biol, D-2103 Hamburg, Germany. RP Dietenberger, MA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM mdietenberger@fs.fed.us FU Hamburg University; Ministry of Science, Research & Technology of Iran FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Robert White and Carol Clausen of the Forest Products Laboratory for their support of this research, and to technician Ms. Anne Fuller for collecting the data. We also thank Hamburg University and Ministry of Science, Research & Technology of Iran for financial support of this work, and of Dr. Luedtke for support of this research. The work was performed by the United States employees on official time and is not subject to copyright. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-6150 EI 1572-8943 J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 114 IS 3 BP 979 EP 987 DI 10.1007/s10973-013-3331-9 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 258LH UT WOS:000327460300006 ER PT J AU Adkins, Y Schie, IW Fedor, D Reddy, A Nguyen, S Zhou, P Kelley, DS Wu, J AF Adkins, Yuriko Schie, Iwan W. Fedor, Dawn Reddy, Aurosis Nguyen, Samantha Zhou, Ping Kelley, Darshan S. Wu, Jian TI A novel mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with significant insulin resistance SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE animal model; insulin resistance; lipid droplets; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; raman micro-spectroscopy ID CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID; FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; PREVENTS TRANS-10; IN-VIVO; MICE; METABOLISM; DIACYLGLYCEROL; EXPRESSION AB Currently available models insufficiently reflect the pathogenic alternation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis\NASH), such as insulin resistance. The present study aimed to characterize a novel NASH model caused by feeding the diet containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). In this study, mice were fed a control diet or the diet containing 0.5% CLA for 8 weeks. The insulin tolerance test (ITT) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were used to determine the extent of insulin resistance. Liver lipotoxicity and inflammation were assessed by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autolipophagy, recruitment of Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. We found that liver weight was markedly increased, and histopathological examination showed marked macrosteatosis with focal hepatocellular death through apoptosis, and mild pericellular fibrosis with Kupffer cell recruitment and HSC activation, as well as light chain III beta-positive cells and enhanced ER stress in mice fed the CLA-containing diet. Enhanced synthesis and reduced beta-oxidation of fatty acids resulted in their accumulation and lipotoxicity in hepatocytes. A biophotonic technology revealed lipid droplet accumulation in the liver from mice fed the CLA-containing diet, and Raman spectroscopic analysis indicated that these lipid droplets predominantly contained saturated fatty acids. Elevated fasting insulin levels, abnormal ITT and HOMA-IR confirmed the marked insulin resistance in these mice. Decreased phosphorylation of the insulin-signaling molecule Akt was partially responsible for the significant insulin resistance. In conclusion, Mice fed the diet containing CLA-developed steatohepatitis with marked insulin resistance, which is similar to the characteristics observed in NASH patients. The further characterization of this model would be particularly useful for revealing the critical role of insulin resistance in NASH development in conditions such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and obesity. C1 [Adkins, Yuriko; Reddy, Aurosis; Kelley, Darshan S.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. [Adkins, Yuriko; Fedor, Dawn; Kelley, Darshan S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schie, Iwan W.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Ctr Biophoton Sci & Technol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Nguyen, Samantha; Wu, Jian] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Internal Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Zhou, Ping; Wu, Jian] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Stem Cell Program, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Wu, Jian] Fudan Univ, Shanghai Med Coll, Key Lab Mol Virol, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Kelley, DS (reprint author), ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. EM Darshan.Kelley@ars.usda.gov; jdwu@ucdavis.edu OI Wu, Jian/0000-0001-9933-7364 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5306-51530-017-00D]; NIH [DK069939] FX We thank Dr Rajen Ramsamooj in the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center for technical assistance in the process of tissue sections for H&E and Trichrome staining. The study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, through Parent project (5306-51530-017-00D) to the Immunity and Disease Prevention Unit at Western Human Nutrition Research Center; and by the NIH Grant to JW (DK069939). NR 37 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 EI 1530-0307 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 93 IS 12 BP 1313 EP 1322 DI 10.1038/labinvest.2013.123 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 263GO UT WOS:000327795600006 PM 24145238 ER PT J AU Mao, DG Hou, XY Talbott, H Cushman, R Cupp, A Davis, JS AF Mao, Dagan Hou, Xiaoying Talbott, Heather Cushman, Robert Cupp, Andrea Davis, John S. TI ATF3 Expression in the Corpus Luteum: Possible Role in Luteal Regression SO MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-3; ADAPTIVE-RESPONSE GENE; RIBONUCLEIC-ACID EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; EARLY GROWTH RESPONSE-1; BOVINE CORPORA-LUTEA; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ESTROUS-CYCLE; INDUCED LUTEOLYSIS; PGF(2-ALPHA)-INDUCED LUTEOLYSIS AB The present study investigated the induction and possible role of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in the corpus luteum. Postpubertal cattle were treated at midcycle with prostaglandin F2 alpha(PGF) for 0-4 hours. Luteal tissue was processed for immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and isolation of protein and RNA. Ovaries were also collected from midluteal phase and first-trimester pregnant cows. Luteal cells were prepared and sorted by centrifugal elutriation to obtain purified small (SLCs) and large luteal cells (LLCs). Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization showed that ATF3 mRNA increased within 1 hour of PGF treatment in vivo. Western blot and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ATF3 protein was expressed in the nuclei of LLC within 1 hour and was maintained for at least 4 hours. PGF treatment in vitro increased ATF3 expression only in LLC, whereas TNF induced ATF3 in both SLCs and LLCs. PGF stimulated concentration-and time-dependent increases in ATF3 and phosphorylation of MAPKs in LLCs. Combinations of MAPK inhibitors suppressed ATF3 expression in LLCs. Adenoviral-mediated expression of ATF3 inhibited LH-stimulated cAMP response element reporter luciferase activity and progesterone production in LLCs and SLCs but did not alter cell viability or change the expression or activity of key regulators of progesterone synthesis. In conclusion, the action of PGF in LLCs is associated with the rapid activation of stress-activated protein kinases and the induction of ATF3, which may contribute to the reduction in steroid synthesis during luteal regression. ATF3 appears to affect gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone secretion at a step or steps downstream of PKA signaling and before cholesterol conversion to progesterone. C1 [Davis, John S.] Vet Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Omaha, NE 68105 USA. [Mao, Dagan; Hou, Xiaoying; Davis, John S.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Olson Ctr Womens Hlth, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Talbott, Heather; Davis, John S.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Talbott, Heather; Davis, John S.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Mao, Dagan] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cushman, Robert] USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Cupp, Andrea] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Davis, JS (reprint author), Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Obstet Gynecol, Olson Ctr Womens Hlth, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM jsdavis@unmc.edu OI Talbott, Heather/0000-0002-6140-9059 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive from the US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67015-20076]; Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System; Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development funds; National Institutes of Health [1 P01 AG029531]; China Scholarship Council; Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska FX This work was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-67015-20076 from the US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture; by the Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and is based upon work supported in part by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development funds; the National Institutes of Health 1 P01 AG029531; the China Scholarship Council; and The Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0888-8809 J9 MOL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Endocrinol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 27 IS 12 BP 2066 EP 2079 DI 10.1210/me.2013-1274 PG 14 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 262LZ UT WOS:000327738200008 PM 24196350 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Cao, XY Mao, JD Ohno, T Waldrip, HM AF He Zhong-Qi Cao Xiao-Yan Mao Jing-Dong Ohno, T. Waldrip, H. M. TI Analysis of Carbon Functional Groups in Mobile Humic Acid and Recalcitrant Calcium Humate Extracted from Eight US Soils SO PEDOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE correlation analysis; humic substances; nuclear magnetic resonance; soil organic matter; ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC-MATTER; DAIRY MANURE; FULVIC-ACID; RICE SOILS; FRACTIONS; NMR; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; WATER AB Solid state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a common tool to study the structure of soil humic fractions; however, knowledge regarding carbon structural relationships in humic fractions is limited. In this study, mobile humic acid (MHA) and recalcitrant calcium humate (CaHA) fractions were extracted from eight soils collected from six US states and representing a variety of soils and ecoregions, characterized by this spectroscopic technique and analyzed for statistical significance at P <= 0.05. We found that the abundances of COO and N-C=O functional groups in the MHA fractions were negatively correlated to soil sand content, but were positively correlated to silt, total N and soil organic carbon contents. In contrast, the abundances of the COO and N-C=O functional groups were only positively correlated to the content of clay in the CaHA fractions, indicating that the two humic fractions were associated with different soil components. The two C-13 NMR peaks representing alkyls and OCH3/NCH were negatively correlated to the peaks representing aromatics, aromatic C-O and N C=O/COO. Comparison of the sets of data from C-13 NMR spectroscopy and ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry revealed that the aromatic components identified by the two methods were highly consistent. The comparison further revealed that protein in MHA was associated with, or bound to, the nonpolar alkyl groups, but a component competitively against (or complementary to) aromatic groups in the MHA composition. These observations provided insight on the internal correlations of the functional groups of soil humic fractions. C1 [He Zhong-Qi] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Cao Xiao-Yan; Mao Jing-Dong] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Ohno, T.] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Waldrip, H. M.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM zhongqi.he@ars.usda.gov RI Cao, Xiaoyan/E-3492-2012; OI Cao, Xiaoyan/0000-0001-7571-6482; He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 19 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1002-0160 EI 2210-5107 J9 PEDOSPHERE JI Pedosphere PD DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 705 EP 716 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 264XC UT WOS:000327913300001 ER PT J AU Zhou, W Hu, CS Li, J Christie, P He, XH Ju, XT AF Zhou Wei Hu Chun-Sheng Li Ji Christie, P. He Xin-Hua Ju Xiao-Tang TI Natural N-15 Abundance in Winter Wheat Amended with Urea and Compost: A Long-Term Experiment SO PEDOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE detection; growth stages; natural delta N-15; organic food; tissue ID NITROGEN ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; DELTA-N-15 VALUES; SOIL; FRACTIONATION; NITRATE; PLANTS; AMMONIUM; AVAILABILITY; TOMATO; FIELD AB We investigated N-15 abundance (delta N-15) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Jinmai 1) plants and soil at different growth stages in a field with a 13-year fertilization history of urea and compost, to determine whether or not the delta N-15 of plant parts can be used as an indicator of organic amendment with compost. Plant parts (roots, leaves, stems and grains) and soil were sampled at re-greening, jointing, grain filling and mature growth stages of winter wheat. There were significant differences between the urea and compost treatments in delta N-15 of whole plants, plant parts and soil over the whole growing season. Determination of the delta N-15 of plant parts was more convenient than that of whole plant to distinguish between the application of organic amendment and synthetic N fertilizer. C1 [Zhou Wei; Hu Chun-Sheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Key Lab Agr Water Resources, Shijiazhuang 050021, Peoples R China. [Zhou Wei; Hu Chun-Sheng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Li Ji; Christie, P.; Ju Xiao-Tang] China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Christie, P.] Agri Food & Biosci Inst, Agri Environm Branch, Belfast BT9 5PX, Antrim, North Ireland. [He Xin-Hua] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Hu, CS (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Key Lab Agr Water Resources, Shijiazhuang 050021, Peoples R China. EM cshu@sjziam.ac.cn RI Christie, Peter/B-7919-2008; Hu, Chunsheng /F-2115-2014; He, Xinhua/B-8047-2015 OI Christie, Peter/0000-0002-1939-7277; He, Xinhua/0000-0002-5570-3454 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30870456, 30911130503] FX Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30870456 and 30911130503). NR 44 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 20 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1002-0160 EI 2210-5107 J9 PEDOSPHERE JI Pedosphere PD DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 835 EP 843 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 264XC UT WOS:000327913300014 ER PT J AU Tiegs, SD Entrekin, SA Reeves, GH Kuntzsch, D Merritt, RW AF Tiegs, Scott D. Entrekin, Sally A. Reeves, Gordon H. Kuntzsch, Deyna Merritt, Richard W. TI Litter Decomposition, and Associated Invertebrate Communities, in Wetland Ponds of the Copper River Delta, Alaska (USA) SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE High-latitude wetlands; Plant litter; Leaf-litter breakdown; Macroinvertebrates; Wetland functioning ID LEAF-LITTER; BREAKDOWN RATES; QUALITY; STREAMS; CARBON; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; DETRITIVORE; ASSEMBLAGES; ECOSYSTEMS AB High-latitude wetlands provide vital ecological functions, many of which rely on the decomposition of plant litter, but little understanding exists of how decomposition rates vary across space, and among common plant species. We investigated the litter decomposition of seven plant species in six wetland ponds on the Copper River Delta (Alaska, USA), and the litter-associated invertebrates. The ponds exist on common geomorphic surfaces of the delta: surfaces created by glacial retreat and outwash, and those resulting from uplifted intertidal area following a powerful 1964 earthquake. An eight-fold range in decomposition rates existed across litter species and correlated with phosphorus (r = 0.63), but not nitrogen and carbon content of the litter. Macroinvertebrate abundance also differed among leaf species. Litter-decay rates did not differ between pond types when expressed on a percent-mass-loss per-day basis; however, on a per-degree-day basis, decomposition in outwash ponds was more rapid. Litter in outwash ponds also had greater invertebrate abundance than uplift ponds, a pattern driven by collector-gatherer chironomids. Invertebrate activity was deemed a minor source of litter-mass loss relative to microbial decomposition. Results suggest that litter-associated invertebrate communities differ between pond types, but that differences in plant-litter decomposition are subtle. C1 [Tiegs, Scott D.] Oakland Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. [Entrekin, Sally A.] Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Biol, Conway, AR 72035 USA. [Reeves, Gordon H.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kuntzsch, Deyna] USDA Forest Serv, Cordova, AK 99574 USA. [Merritt, Richard W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Tiegs, SD (reprint author), Oakland Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. EM tiegs@oakland.edu NR 37 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2013 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1151 EP 1163 DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0470-5 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 257LV UT WOS:000327386800015 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Ortiz, A Jimenez-Borreguero, LJ Penalvo, JL Ordovas, JM Mocoroa, A Fernandez-Friera, L Laclaustra, M Garcia, L Molina, J Mendiguren, JM Lopez-Melgar, B de Vega, VM Alonso-Farto, JC Guallar, E Sillesen, H Rudd, JHF Fayad, ZA Ibanez, B Sanz, G Fuster, V AF Fernandez-Ortiz, Antonio Jesus Jimenez-Borreguero, L. Penalvo, Jose L. Ordovas, Jose M. Mocoroa, Agustin Fernandez-Friera, Leticia Laclaustra, Martin Garcia, Laura Molina, Jesus Mendiguren, Jose M. Lopez-Melgar, Beatriz Martinez de Vega, Vicente Alonso-Farto, Juan C. Guallar, Eliseo Sillesen, Henrik Rudd, James H. F. Fayad, Zahi A. Ibanez, Borja Sanz, Gines Fuster, Valentin TI The Progression and Early detection of Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study: Rationale and design SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; VASCULAR-DISEASE; YOUNG-ADULTS; CORONARY; TOMOGRAPHY; UPDATE; CARDIA AB Background The presence of subclinical atherosclerosis is a likely predictor of cardiovascular events; however, factors associated with the early stages and progression of atherosclerosis are poorly defined. Objective The PESA study examines the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis by means of noninvasive imaging and prospectively analyzes the determinants associated with its development and progression in a middle-aged population. Methods The PESA study is an observational, longitudinal and prospective cohort study in a target population of 4000 healthy subjects (40-54 years old, 35% women) based in Madrid (Spain). Recruitment began in June 2010 and will be completed by the end of 2013. Baseline examination consists of (1) assessment for cardiovascular risk factors (including lifestyle and psychosocial factors); (2) screening for subclinical atherosclerosis using 2D/3D ultrasound in carotid, abdominal aorta and iliofemoral arteries, and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) by computed tomography; and (3) blood sampling for determination of traditional risk factors, advanced "omics" and biobanking. In addition, a subgroup of 1300 participants with evidence of atherosclerosis on 2D/3D ultrasound or CACS will undergo a combined F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging ((18)FDG PET/MRI) study of carotid and iliofemoral arteries. Follow-up at 3 and 6 years will include a repetition of baseline measurements, except for the (18)FDG PET/MRI study, which will be repeated at 6 years. Conclusions The PESA study is expected to identify new imaging and biological factors associated with the presence and progression of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic people and will help to establish a more personalized management of medical care. C1 [Fernandez-Ortiz, Antonio; Jesus Jimenez-Borreguero, L.; Penalvo, Jose L.; Ordovas, Jose M.; Fernandez-Friera, Leticia; Laclaustra, Martin; Garcia, Laura; Molina, Jesus; Lopez-Melgar, Beatriz; Guallar, Eliseo; Ibanez, Borja; Sanz, Gines; Fuster, Valentin] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc Carlos III CNIC, Madrid 28029, Spain. [Fernandez-Ortiz, Antonio; Ibanez, Borja] Hosp Clin San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. [Jesus Jimenez-Borreguero, L.] Hosp Univ La Princesa, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Mocoroa, Agustin; Mendiguren, Jose M.] Banco Santander, Madrid, Spain. [Fernandez-Friera, Leticia] Hosp Univ Monteprincipe, Madrid, Spain. [Martinez de Vega, Vicente] Hosp Univ Quiron, Madrid, Spain. [Alonso-Farto, Juan C.] Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain. [Guallar, Eliseo] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sillesen, Henrik] Univ Copenhagen, Rigshosp, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Rudd, James H. F.] Univ Cambridge, Div Cardiovasc Med, Cambridge, England. [Fayad, Zahi A.; Fuster, Valentin] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Fuster, V (reprint author), Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc Carlos III CNIC, Epidemiol Atherothrombosis & Imaging Dept, C Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain. EM valentin.fuster@mountsinai.org RI Guallar, Eliseo/D-3807-2014; Jimenez-Borreguero, Luis Jesus/L-8107-2014; Laclaustra, Martin/C-6709-2015; Fernandez Friera, Leticia /E-9931-2015; Ibanez, Borja/J-6993-2014; Fuster, Valentin/H-4319-2015; Fernandez-Ortiz, Antonio/B-2227-2017; OI Guallar, Eliseo/0000-0002-4471-9565; Jimenez-Borreguero, Luis Jesus/0000-0001-5870-237X; Laclaustra, Martin/0000-0003-3963-0846; Fernandez Friera, Leticia /0000-0002-4237-2166; Ibanez, Borja/0000-0002-5036-254X; Fuster, Valentin/0000-0002-9043-9986; Fernandez-Ortiz, Antonio/0000-0002-3239-1910; Martinez-Vega, Vicente/0000-0001-7461-9488 FU British Heart Foundation [FS/12/29/29463, PG/09/083/27667] NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 11 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-8703 EI 1097-5330 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 166 IS 6 BP 990 EP 998 DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.08.024 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 259ON UT WOS:000327536300009 PM 24268213 ER PT J AU Johnston, CA Rost, S Miller-Kovach, K Moreno, JP Foreyt, JP AF Johnston, Craig A. Rost, Stephanie Miller-Kovach, Karen Moreno, Jennette P. Foreyt, John P. TI A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Community-based Behavioral Counseling Program SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Commercial; Community-based; Intervention; Randomized; Weight loss ID STRUCTURED COMMERCIAL PROGRAM; WEIGHT-LOSS TREATMENT; STANDARD CARE; STATEMENT; REDUCTION; PROVIDER; QUALITY; OBESITY AB BACKGROUND: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends that clinicians refer obese adults for intensive, multicomponent behavioral counseling, yet most obese Americans choose a self-help approach to lose weight. The current study examined weight loss between a community-based, intensive behavioral counseling program (Weight Watchers program) and a self-help condition. METHODS: A total of 292 participants were randomized to either a Weight Watchers condition (WW) (n = 147) or a self-help condition (n = 145). Participants in the WW condition were provided with 3 ways to access the treatment: weekly meetings; WW mobile application; and WW online tools. Weights were measured at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. Additionally, self-report use of access modes was collected at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: Participants in the WW condition significantly decreased their body mass index at 6 months (F = 36.7, P <. 001) and were 8.0 and 8.8 times more likely to achieve a 5% and 10% reduction in weight, respectively, compared with those in the self-help condition. In a secondary analysis, high usage of all 3 access modes resulted in the greatest weight loss (P <. 001). CONCLUSION: Use of the WW program yielded significantly greater weight loss than a self-help approach, suggesting it is a viable community-based provider of weight loss treatment, as recommended by the USPSTF. Further, high usage of 3 access modes was associated with greater weight loss results. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnston, Craig A.; Moreno, Jennette P.; Foreyt, John P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat Nutr, ARS, USDA,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Johnston, Craig A.; Foreyt, John P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Rost, Stephanie; Miller-Kovach, Karen] Weight Watchers Int Inc, New York, NY USA. RP Johnston, CA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat Nutr, 6655 Travis St,Suite 320, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM caj@bcm.edu RI Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016 FU Weight Watchers International, Inc. FX This study was supported by a grant from Weight Watchers International, Inc. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 EI 1555-7162 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 126 IS 12 AR 1143.e19 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.04.025 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 257OC UT WOS:000327393300052 PM 24135513 ER PT J AU Brown, CR Haynes, KG Moore, M Pavek, MJ Hane, DC Love, SL Novy, RG AF Brown, C. R. Haynes, K. G. Moore, M. Pavek, M. J. Hane, D. C. Love, S. L. Novy, R. G. TI Stability and Broad-Sense Heritability of Mineral Content in Potato: Potassium and Phosphorus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ICAPES; Breeding; RDA; Germplasm; Human nutrition ID HYPERTENSION; TUBERS AB In the study of nutritional variability in potato it is desirable to know the present range of expression and genetic potential for increase. Potato breeding lines and varieties in two separate trials were evaluated for potassium and phosphorus content by wet ashing and Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Emission Spectrophotometer analysis. Stability and broad-sense heritability were determined. Among genotypes, potassium content ranged from 1.85 and 2.49 % DW while phosphorus content ranged from 0.16 to 0.34 % DW over both trials. Genotype by environment interactions were significant in the Tri-State and Western Regional Red/Specialty (WR-R/SP) trials for both potassium and phosphorus, while environments were not. Genotype was a significant source of variation for both minerals in the WR-R/SP trial only. In the Tri-State trials, 7 and 4 of ten clones were unstable before and after removal of environmental heterogeneity, respectively, for potassium content, and 5 and 4 genotypes were unstable before and after removal of environmental heterogeneity, respectively, for phosphorus. In the WR-R/SP Trials, 7 and 3 of 13 clones were unstable before and after removal of environmental heterogeneity, respectively, for potassium content, and 3 and 4 genotypes were unstable before and after removal of environmental heterogeneity, respectively, for phosphorus. Broad sense heritability was low for both potassium and phosphorus in the Tri-State Russet-Skin Trials but high for both potassium and phosphorus in the WR-R/SP Trials. Although potato is a minor contributor of phosphorus to the human diet, it is an important source of potassium. Adult males and females receive 12 % of the Recommended Dietary Allowance of potassium from 100 g of potato. Estimates of broad-sense heritability from these two trials suggest that genotypes with higher levels of both potassium and phosphorus can be selected from within the Red/Specialty market class, but not from within the Tri-State russet class. An increase in potassium content in the potato, for which the daily need in the human body is so high, could be a boon to human health. C1 [Brown, C. R.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Haynes, K. G.] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Moore, M.] Agri Northwest, Plymouth, WA 99346 USA. [Pavek, M. J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hane, D. C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, HAREC, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. [Love, S. L.] Univ Idaho, AREC, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Novy, R. G.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Brown, CR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM chuck.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 90 IS 6 BP 516 EP 523 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9323-2 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 257LG UT WOS:000327384900002 ER PT J AU Swisher, KD Sengoda, VG Dixon, J Echegaray, E Murphy, AF Rondon, SI Munyaneza, JE Crosslin, JM AF Swisher, Kylie D. Sengoda, Venkatesan G. Dixon, Jacob Echegaray, Erik Murphy, Alexzandra F. Rondon, Silvia I. Munyaneza, Joseph E. Crosslin, James M. TI Haplotypes of the Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, on the Wild Host Plant, Solanum dulcamara, in the Pacific Northwestern United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Potato diseases; Liberibacter; Psyllid haplotypes; Nightshade ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER SOLANACEARUM; ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; REAL-TIME PCR; 1ST REPORT; NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-ZEALAND; DIFFERENTIATION; ASSOCIATION; WASHINGTON; HOMOPTERA AB 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) is a bacterium that infects solanaceous crops and causes plant decline and yield losses, especially in potato and tomato. Lso is transmitted to these hosts by the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli Sulc) vector. B. cockerelli host plants are not limited to crop plants, but also include many wild, solanaceous weeds. These wild hosts could potentially impact overwintering and breeding of the psyllids and serve as reservoirs for Lso. In the Pacific Northwestern United States, B. cockerelli was recently reported to overwinter on bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara L.). The present study utilized high resolution melting analysis of the B. cockerelli mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene to assess the psyllid populations occurring on S. dulcamara during the summer and winter months in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. This technique has previously been used to analyze the cytochrome c oxidase I gene of B. cockerelli, and has identified four psyllid haplotypes. Lso infection was also determined for the psyllids collected from S. dulcamara. During both the summer and the winter months in the Pacific Northwest, the Northwestern psyllid haplotype was the predominant population found living on S. dulcamara. However, low levels of the Western psyllid population were also present in Washington and Oregon during the same period. No overwintering psyllids tested were Lso-infected, suggesting that these populations do not pose an imminent threat of Lso transmission to newly emerging potatoes and other solanaceous crops in the region, unless a source of Lso becomes available. C1 [Swisher, Kylie D.; Crosslin, James M.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Sengoda, Venkatesan G.; Dixon, Jacob; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Echegaray, Erik; Murphy, Alexzandra F.; Rondon, Silvia I.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. RP Crosslin, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 24106 North Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM jim.crosslin@ars.usda.gov FU Washington State Potato Commission,; USDA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176]; USDA-RAMP [2009-5110105892] FX We thank Andrew Jensen for kindly providing us with the Idaho potato psyllids. Additionally, we would like to thank Millie Heidt, Francisco de la Rosa, and Sawyer Delp for their technical assistance. Financial support for this research was provided by the Washington State Potato Commission, the USDA-SCRI Project # 2009-51181-20176 and the USDA-RAMP Project # 2009-5110105892. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 90 IS 6 BP 570 EP 577 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9330-3 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 257LG UT WOS:000327384900008 ER PT J AU Falkenberg, SM Carroll, JA Elsasser, T Best, T Sartin, J Buntyn, JO Schmidt, TB AF Falkenberg, Shollie M. Carroll, Jeffery A. Elsasser, Ted Best, Tim Sartin, James Buntyn, Joe O. Schmidt, Ty B. TI Evaluation of endocrine and immune responses of steers challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-HORMONE; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; BINDING-PROTEINS; ENDOTOXIN; CALVES; CATTLE AB Objective-To evaluate the endocrine and immune responses of steers challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV). Animals-12 crossbred beef steers. Procedures-Steers were randomly assigned to IBRV- (control) or IBRV+ treatment groups. Experimentally challenged steers (IBRV+) received a dose of IBRV intranasally (8.0 50% tissue culture infective doses), IBRV- steers received a saline (0.9% NaCl) solution placebo intranasally, and each group was placed in an isolated paddock. At 72 hours after challenge, all steers were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters and placed into individual stanchions. Blood samples were collected on days 4 through 8. Serum was analyzed for concentrations of cortisol, interleukin-6, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor I. Results-From 72 to 144 hours after challenge inoculation, the IBRV+ group had significantly greater mean rectal temperature, compared with the IBRV- group; the greatest temperatures in both groups were observed at 72 hours. Serum cortisol concentrations were increased in both groups from hours 72 to 136 and serum interferon-gamma concentrations were greater in the IBRV+ from 94 to 112 hours after inoculation. Growth hormone concentration was greater in the IBRV+ group at various time points, but no difference in insulin-like growth factor- I concentration was observed. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results indicated that IBVR challenge altered growth hormone concentration at some time points but was not associated with large increases in circulating proinflammatory cytokines. C1 [Falkenberg, Shollie M.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Carroll, Jeffery A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79424 USA. [Elsasser, Ted] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Best, Tim] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Sartin, James] Auburn Univ, Div Anim Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Sartin, James] Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Buntyn, Joe O.; Schmidt, Ty B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Schmidt, TB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM tschmidt4@unl.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 74 IS 12 BP 1522 EP 1529 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 261VB UT WOS:000327691600009 PM 24274890 ER PT J AU Zilnik, G Hagler, JR AF Zilnik, Gabriel Hagler, James R. TI An immunological approach to distinguish arthropod viviphagy from necrophagy SO BIOCONTROL LA English DT Article DE Scavenging; Predation; Collops vittatus; Hippodamia convergens; Gut content analysis; ELISA ID BEMISIA-TABACI HOMOPTERA; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; NATURAL ENEMIES; LYGUS-HESPERUS; PREY; PERSPECTIVES; FIELD; ALEYRODIDAE; ASSEMBLAGE; HEMIPTERA AB Scavenging activity of predators inhabiting agroecosystems has not been thoroughly investigated. Understanding the prevalence of necrophagy in predators is paramount to determining the effectiveness of biological control agents. A molecular predator gut content assay is described that can differentiate necrophagy from viviphagy. Cadaver sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and green lacewing, Chrysoperla rufilabris Burmeister (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) serving as targeted prey items were marked with rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) protein and live prey items were marked with chicken IgG, respectively. The marked prey items were fed to convergent lady beetles, Hippodamia convergens Gu,rin-M,neville (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and soft-winged flower beetles, Collops vittatus (Say) (Coleoptera: Melyridae). The frequency of detection of the protein-marked prey items in the gut of the predaceous beetles was assessed at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after feeding using a rabbit-IgG-specific or chicken-IgG-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Each IgG-specific ELISA detected the presence of the marker proteins in the gut of 90 % of the predators up to 12 h after prey consumption. A laboratory feeding study was also conducted to determine the propensity that each predator species engages in viviphagy and necrophagy. The laboratory feeding observations revealed that C. vittatus prefer carrion prey items. Finally, the laboratory observations of necrophagy were confirmed in a field study where C. vittatus was observed, directly and indirectly, feeding on H. convergens carcasses. The methodologies described here are useful for future studies on various aspects of insect predation. C1 [Zilnik, Gabriel; Hagler, James R.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Zilnik, Gabriel] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci Undergrad Res Program, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. RP Hagler, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM James.Hagler@ars.usda.gov FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Arizona State University's School FX We thank Felisa Blackmer, Scott Machtley, and Laura Keller for technical assistance. Thanks to Jimmy Klick for providing advice on how to present the sentinel prey for the field study. Additional thanks to Ron Rutowski, Carol Bear, and many others in the ASU SOLUR program for their support. We are grateful to Rodrigo Krugner and Livy Williams III for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. This Project was funded, in part, by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Arizona State University's School of Life Science Undergraduate Research program. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6141 EI 1573-8248 J9 BIOCONTROL JI Biocontrol PD DEC PY 2013 VL 58 IS 6 BP 807 EP 814 DI 10.1007/s10526-013-9539-6 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 256NX UT WOS:000327321400010 ER PT J AU Litvaitis, JA Norment, JL Boland, K O'Brien, K Stevens, R Keirstead, D Lee, T Oehler, JD Taylor, JM Bickford, S Tarr, MD AF Litvaitis, John A. Norment, Jeffrey L. Boland, Kelly O'Brien, Kate Stevens, Rachel Keirstead, Donald Lee, Thomas Oehler, James D. Taylor, Jeffery M. Bickford, Susan Tarr, Matthew D. TI Toward Consensus-Based Actions that Balance Invasive Plant Management and Conservation of At-Risk Fauna SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Invasive shrubs; Shrublands; Sylvilagus transitionalis; Thickets ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EARLY-SUCCESSIONAL HABITATS; NEW-ENGLAND COTTONTAILS; POPULATIONS; PATTERNS; FORESTS; RESTORATION; SHRUBLANDS; SONGBIRD; IMPACTS AB Limiting the spread of invasive plants has become a high priority among natural resource managers. Yet in some regions, invasive plants are providing important habitat components to native animals that are at risk of local or regional extirpation. In these situations, removing invasive plants may decrease short-term survival of the at-risk taxa. At the same time, there may be a reluctance to expand invaded habitats to benefit at-risk species because such actions may increase the distribution of invasive plants. Such a dilemma can result in "management paralysis," where no action is taken either to reduce invasive plants or to expand habitats for at-risk species. A pragmatic solution to this dilemma may be to develop an approach that considers site-specific circumstances. We constructed a "discussion tree" as a means of initiating conversations among various stakeholders involved with managing habitats in the northeastern USA to benefit several at-risk taxa, including New England cottontails (Sylvilagus transitionalis). Major components of this approach include recognition that expanding some invaded habitats may be essential to prevent extirpation of at-risk species, and the effective control of invasive plants is dependent on knowledge of the status of invasives on managed lands and within the surrounding landscape. By acknowledging that management of invasive plants is a complex issue without a single solution, we may be successful in limiting their spread while still addressing critical habitat needs. C1 [Litvaitis, John A.; Lee, Thomas] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Norment, Jeffrey L.; Keirstead, Donald] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Bangor, ME 04401 USA. [Boland, Kelly; O'Brien, Kate] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson Natl Wildlife Refuge, Wells, ME 04090 USA. [Stevens, Rachel] Great Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Greenland, NH 03840 USA. [Stevens, Rachel] New Hampshire Fish & Game Dept, Greenland, NH 03840 USA. [Oehler, James D.] New Hampshire Fish & Game Dept, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Taylor, Jeffery M.] Vegetat Control Serv, Athol, MA 01331 USA. [Bickford, Susan] Wells Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Wells, ME 04090 USA. [Tarr, Matthew D.] Univ New Hampshire Cooperat Extens, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Litvaitis, JA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM john@unh.edu FU USDA CSREES National Research Initiative: Weedy and Invasive Species [2006-55320-17210] FX Portions of this paper are the consequence of activities associated with Projects funded by USDA CSREES National Research Initiative: Weedy and Invasive Species, Grant 2006-55320-17210 to J. Litvaitis, T. Lee, and others. We thank D. King and K. Lombard for insightful comments on early drafts of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, or other institutions or organizations associated with the authors. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1313 EP 1319 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0157-y PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253YR UT WOS:000327126800001 PM 23982737 ER PT J AU Srygley, RB Lorch, PD AF Srygley, Robert B. Lorch, Patrick D. TI Coping with Uncertainty: Nutrient Deficiencies Motivate Insect Migration at a Cost to Immunity SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMPLEX ORTHOPTERA TETTIGONIIDAE; CRICKET ANABRUS-SIMPLEX; APOLIPOPHORIN-III; MORMON CRICKETS; TRADE-OFFS; SYSTEM ACTIVATION; PROTEIN COSTS; UP-REGULATION; RESISTANCE; LOCUST AB Migration often is associated with movement away from areas with depleted nutrients or other resources, and yet migration itself is energetically demanding. Migrating Mormon crickets Anabrus simplex (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) lack nutrients, and supplementation of deficient nutrients slows migratory movements and enhances specific aspects of their immune systems. Migrants deficient in proteins have less spontaneous phenoloxidase (PO) activity, whereas those deficient in carbohydrates have lower lysozyme-like anti-bacterial titers with a proposed compromise between migratory and anti-bacterial activities. To investigate the relationship between diet, movement, and immunity further, we removed Mormon crickets from a migratory band and offered each cricket one of five diets: high protein, high carbohydrate, equal weight of proteins and carbohydrates (P+C), vitamins only, or water only for 1 h. We then attached a radio, returned each to the migratory band, and recaptured them 18-24 h later. Mormon crickets fed protein moved the furthest, those with only water or only vitamins moved less, and those fed carbohydrates or P+C moved the least. Standard intake trials also indicated that the Mormon crickets were deficient in carbohydrates. Consistent with a previous study, lysozyme-like anti-bacterial activity was greatest in those fed carbohydrates, and there was no difference between those fed water, protein, or P+C. Crickets were removed from the same migratory band and fed one of four diets: high P, high C, P+C, or vitamins only, for 1 h. Then the crickets were held in captivity with water only for 4 or 24 h before blood was drawn. Immunity measures did not differ between times of draw. Diet treatments had no effect on anti-bacterial activity of captive Mormon crickets, whereas total PO was greater in those fed protein. These results support the hypothesis of a direct compromise between migratory and anti-bacterial activities, whereas PO is compromised by low protein independent of migratory activities. We discuss the potential effects of climate on nutritional deficits and susceptibility to different pathogens. C1 [Srygley, Robert B.] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Lorch, Patrick D.] Kent State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RP Srygley, RB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM robert.srygley@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 53 IS 6 BP 1002 EP 1013 DI 10.1093/icb/ict047 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 259RF UT WOS:000327543300013 PM 23670631 ER PT J AU Silva, MG Domingos, A Esteves, MA Cruz, MEM Suarez, CE AF Silva, Marta G. Domingos, Ana Alexandra Esteves, M. Cruz, Maria E. M. Suarez, Carlos E. TI Evaluation of the growth-inhibitory effect of trifluralin analogues on in vitro cultured Babesia bovis parasites SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE LA English DT Article DE Dinitroanilines; Trifluralin analogues; Babesia bovis; In vitro inhibition growth ID ALPHA-TUBULIN; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; DINITROANILINES; HERBICIDES; CULTIVATION; BINDING; TARGET AB Bovine babesiosis, caused by Babesia bovis, is a global tick borne hemoprotozoan parasite disease characterized by fever, anemia, weight losses and ultimately death. Several babesicidal drugs that have been in use in cattle for years have proven to be only partially effective and the development of alternative chemotherapeutics that are highly specific and have low toxicity against babesiosis is needed. Trifluralin derivatives specifically bind alpha-tubulin in plants and protozoa parasites causing growth inhibition. A set of 12 trifluralin analogues (TFLA) has previously been shown to be inhibitory for the growth of Leishmania species. The conservation of several key amino acids involved in the trifluralin binding site of alpha-tubulin among Leishmania sp. and B. bovis provides rationale for testing these compounds also as babesiacides. The previously tested Leishmania inhibitory, TFLA 1-12 minus TFLA 5, in addition to three novel TFLA (termed TFLA 13-15), were tested against in vitro cultured B. bovis parasites. While all of the TFLA tested in the study showed inhibition of B. bovis growth in vitro TFLA 7, TFLA 10 and TFLA 13, were the most effective inhibitors with estimated IC50 (mu M) at 72 h of 8.5 +/- 0.3; 9.2 +/- 0.2; 8.9 +/- 0.7, respectively for the biologically attenuated cloned B. bovis Mo7 strain, and 13.6 +/- 1.5; 18.7 +/- 1.6; 10.6 +/- 1.9, respectively for the virulent B. bovis T(3)Bo strain. The differences found between the two strains were not statistically significant. Importantly, these drugs displayed low levels of toxicity for the host erythrocytes and bovine renal arterial endothelial cells at the doses tested. The demonstrated ability of trifluralin analogues to inhibit in vitro growth of B. bovis parasites combined with their low toxicity for host cells suggests that these compounds may be further developed as novel alternatives for the treatment of bovine babesiosis. (C) 2013 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Silva, Marta G.; Suarez, Carlos E.] WSU, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Silva, Marta G.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Domingos, Ana] Inst Higiene & Med Trop, Ctr Malaria & Outras Doencas Trop, P-1349008 Lisbon, Portugal. [Alexandra Esteves, M.] Natl Lab Energy & Geol, Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Unit, P-1649038 Lisbon, Portugal. [Cruz, Maria E. M.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Pharm, Unit New Forms Bioact Agents, P-1649038 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Silva, MG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM marta@vetmed.wsu.edu; adomingos@ihmt.unl.pt; alexandra.esteves@lneg.pt; eugeniacruz@ff.ul.pt; ces@vetmed.wsu.edu RI LNEG, Producao Cientifica/D-2212-2012; Cruz, M.Eugenia/C-3211-2014; iMed.ULisboa, iMed.ULisboa/C-6292-2014; Domingos, Ana/I-8409-2012; iMed.ULisboa, NanoBB /B-5393-2014 OI Cruz, M.Eugenia/0000-0003-1822-0514; Domingos, Ana/0000-0002-4570-2060; FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5348-32000-028-00D]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [TDC/CVT/098290/2008]; POCI, Portugal; European Union FEDER FX The authors would like to thank Paul Lacy for his help during in vitro B. bovis culture providing the culture stabilates as well as performing B. bovis viability assay, to Jacob Laughery, to Dr. Kerry Sondgeroth that kindly provided BRAEC, to Dr. Don Knowles and Dr. Glen A. Scoles for careful reading and revision of this manuscript. We also acknowledge financial support from the USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5348-32000-028-00D, from the Project Research Grant TDC/CVT/098290/2008 by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia and POCI 2010, Portugal, partially supported by the European Union FEDER. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2211-3207 J9 INT J PARASITOL-DRUG JI Int. J. Parasitol.-Drugs Drug Resist. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 3 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2013.01.003 PG 10 WC Parasitology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Parasitology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 259OH UT WOS:000327535700008 PM 24533294 ER PT J AU Chipman, RB Cozzens, TW Shwiff, SA Biswas, R Plumley, J O'Quin, J Algeo, TP Rupprecht, CE Slate, D AF Chipman, Richard B. Cozzens, Tyler W. Shwiff, Stephanie A. Biswas, Rita Plumley, Jewell O'Quin, Jeanette Algeo, Timothy P. Rupprecht, Charles E. Slate, Dennis TI Costs of raccoon rabies incidents in cattle herds in Hampshire County, West Virginia, and Guernsey County, Ohio SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; VACCINATION; WILDLIFE; PREVENTION; ECONOMICS; BENEFITS; EXPOSURE; DISEASES; IMPACT AB Objective To determine direct and indirect costs associated with raccoon rabies incidents involving cattle herds in Hampshire County, WV, in 2008 and Guernsey County, Ohio, in 2010. Design-Ex post cost analysis. Animals-1 cattle herd in Hampshire County, WV, in 2008 and 1 cattle herd in Guernsey County, Ohio, in 2010. Procedures-Data were collected for each incident through telephone and email interviews with 16 federal, state, and county agency personnel involved in the case investigations and coordinated responses for rabies in the cattle herds. To characterize the economic impact associated with rabies in the 2 cattle herds, cost analysis was conducted with 7 cost variables (salary and benefits for personnel involved in the response, human postexposure prophylaxis, indirect patient costs, rabies diagnostic testing, cattle carcass disposal, market value of euthanized cattle, and enhanced rabies surveillance). Estimates of direct costs were determined on the basis of agency records and other relevant data obtained from notes and reports made by agency staff at the time of the incident and from a review of the literature. Results-Primary costs included the market value of euthanized cattle ($51,461 in West Virginia; $12,561 in Ohio), human postexposure prophylaxis ($17959 in West Virginia; $11,297 in Ohio), and salary and benefits for personnel involved in the response ($19,792 in West Virginia; $14,496 in Ohio). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-These results should provide a basis for better characterization of the economic impact of wildlife rabies in cattle in the United States. C1 [Chipman, Richard B.; Algeo, Timothy P.; Slate, Dennis] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Rabies Management Program, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Cozzens, Tyler W.; Shwiff, Stephanie A.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Biswas, Rita] SUNY Albany, Sch Business, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Plumley, Jewell] West Virginia Dept Agr, Moorefield, WV 26835 USA. [O'Quin, Jeanette] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] CDC, Rabies Program, NCEZID DHCPP Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chipman, RB (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Rabies Management Program, 59 Chenell Dr,Ste 2, Concord, NH 03301 USA. EM richard.b.chipman@aphis.usda.gov NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 243 IS 11 BP 1561 EP 1567 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 259XY UT WOS:000327560800014 PM 24261805 ER PT J AU Bhattarai, B Fosgate, GT Osterstock, JB Fossler, CP Park, SC Roussel, AJ AF Bhattarai, Bikash Fosgate, Geoffrey T. Osterstock, Jason B. Fossler, Charles P. Park, Seong C. Roussel, Allen J. TI Comparison of calf weaning weight and associated economic variables between beef cows with and without serum antibodies against or isolation from feces of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID JOHNES-DISEASE; ESTIMATED PREVALENCE; CONTROL PROGRAM; CATTLE; HERD; SEROPREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION; REPRODUCTION; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Objective-To compare calf weaning weight and associated economic variables for beef cows with serum antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) or from which MAP was isolated from feces with those for cows that were seronegative for antibodies against or culture negative for MAP Design-Retrospective study. Animals-4,842 beef cows from 3 herds enrolled in the USDA National Johne's Disease Demonstration Herd Project. Procedures-Individual cow ELISA and culture results were obtained from the project database. During each parity evaluated for each cow, the 205-day adjusted weaning weight (AWW) of its calf was calculated. The AWW was compared between test-positive and test-negative cows by use of multilevel mixed-effect models. The median value for feeder calves from 2007 to 2011 was used to estimate the economic losses associated with MAP test positive cows. Results-The AWW of calves from cows with strongly positive ELISA results was 21.48 kg (47.26 lb) less than that of calves from cows with negative ELISA results. The AWW of calves from cows classified as heavy or moderate MAP shedders was 58.51 kg (128.72 lb) and 40.81 kg (89.78 lb) less, respectively, than that of calves from MAP culture negative cows. Associated economic losses were estimated as $5749/calf for cows with strongly positive ELISA results and $156.60/calf and $109.23/calf for cows classified as heavy and moderate MAP shedders, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Calves from cows with MAP-positive test results had significantly lower AWW than did calves from cows with MAP-negative test results, which translated into economic losses for MAP-infected beef herds. C1 [Bhattarai, Bikash] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Roussel, Allen J.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Vet Large Anim Clin Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fosgate, Geoffrey T.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Prod Anim Studies, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa. [Osterstock, Jason B.] Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA. [Fossler, Charles P.] USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Natl Anim Hlth Monitoring Syst, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Park, Seong C.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Vernon, TX 76384 USA. RP Bhattarai, B (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM bikashvet@gmail.com FU USDA APHIS National Johne's Disease Demonstration Herd Project FX Supported by a Cooperative Agreement from the USDA APHIS National Johne's Disease Demonstration Herd Project. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 243 IS 11 BP 1609 EP 1615 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 259XY UT WOS:000327560800021 PM 24261812 ER PT J AU Callier, V Shingleton, AW Brent, CS Ghosh, SM Kim, J Harrison, JF AF Callier, Viviane Shingleton, Alexander W. Brent, Colin S. Ghosh, Shampa M. Kim, Jinkyu Harrison, Jon F. TI The role of reduced oxygen in the developmental physiology of growth and metamorphosis initiation in Drosophila melanogaster SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oxygen; ecdysone; growth; size regulation; critical weight; Drosophila melanogaster ID INSECT BODY-SIZE; MANDUCA-SEXTA; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; TOBACCO HORNWORM; PROTHORACIC GLAND; JUVENILE-HORMONE; CRITICAL WEIGHT; ECDYSONE; HYPOXIA; SENSITIVITY AB Rearing oxygen level is known to affect final body size in a variety of insects, but the physiological mechanisms by which oxygen affects size are incompletely understood. In Manduca sexta and Drosophila melanogaster, the larval size at which metamorphosis is initiated largely determines adult size, and metamorphosis is initiated when larvae attain a critical mass. We hypothesized that oxygen effects on final size might be mediated by oxygen effects on the critical weight and the ecdysone titers, which regulate growth rate and the timing of developmental transitions. Our results showed that oxygen affected critical weight, the basal ecdysone titers and the timing of the ecdysone peak, providing clear evidence that oxygen affected growth rate and developmental rate. Hypoxic third instar larvae (10% oxygen) exhibited a reduced critical weight, slower growth rate, delayed pupariation, elevated baseline ecdysone levels and a delayed ecdysone peak that occurred at a lower larval mass. Hyperoxic larvae exhibited increased basal ecdysone levels, but no change in critical weight compared with normoxic larvae and no significant change in timing of pupariation. Previous studies have shown that nutrition is crucial for regulating growth rate and the timing of developmental transitions. Here we show that oxygen level is one of multiple cues that together regulate adult size and the timing and dynamics of growth, developmental rate and ecdysone signaling. C1 [Callier, Viviane; Kim, Jinkyu; Harrison, Jon F.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Shingleton, Alexander W.; Ghosh, Shampa M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brent, Colin S.] ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Shingleton, Alexander W.] Lake Forest Coll, Dept Biol, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA. RP Callier, V (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM vcallier@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [IOS 1122157, IOS 0845847] FX This work was funded by the National Science Foundation [IOS 1122157 to J.F.H. and IOS 0845847 to A. W. S.]. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 28 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 EI 1477-9145 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 216 IS 23 BP 4334 EP 4340 DI 10.1242/jeb.093120 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 258YZ UT WOS:000327495900013 PM 24259256 ER PT J AU Kappes, MA Miller, CL Faaberg, KS AF Kappes, Matthew A. Miller, Cathy L. Faaberg, Kay S. TI Highly Divergent Strains of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Incorporate Multiple Isoforms of Nonstructural Protein 2 into Virions SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARTERIVIRUS REPLICATION COMPLEX; ISOLATE ATCC VR-2332; UNITED-STATES; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; CYSTEINE PROTEASE; SWINE INFERTILITY; PAPAIN-LIKE; NSP2; CORONAVIRUS; INFECTION AB Viral structural proteins form the critical intermediary between viral infection cycles within and between hosts, function to initiate entry, participate in immediate early viral replication steps, and are major targets for the host adaptive immune response. We report the identification of nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) as a novel structural component of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) particle. A set of custom alpha-nsp2 antibodies targeting conserved epitopes within four distinct regions of nsp2 (the PLP2 protease domain [OTU], the hypervariable domain [HV], the putative transmembrane domain [TM], and the C-terminal region [C]) were obtained commercially and validated in PRRSV-infected cells. Highly purified cell-free virions of several PRRSV strains were isolated through multiple rounds of differential density gradient centrifugation and analyzed by immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) and Western blot assays using the alpha-nsp2 antibodies. Purified viral preparations were found to contain pleomorphic, predominantly spherical virions of uniform size (57.9 nm +/- 8.1 nm diameter; n = 50), consistent with the expected size of PRRSV particles. Analysis by IEM indicated the presence of nsp2 associated with the viral particle of diverse strains of PRRSV. Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of nsp2 in purified viral samples and revealed that multiple nsp2 isoforms were associated with the virion. Finally, a recombinant PRRSV genome containing a myc-tagged nsp2 was used to generate purified virus, and these particles were also shown to harbor myc-tagged nsp2 isoforms. Together, these data identify nsp2 as a virion-associated structural PRRSV protein and reveal that nsp2 exists in or on viral particles as multiple isoforms. C1 [Kappes, Matthew A.; Faaberg, Kay S.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Kappes, Matthew A.; Miller, Cathy L.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Faaberg, KS (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. EM kay.faaberg@ars.usda.gov OI Miller, Cathy/0000-0002-2601-4422 FU Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Incorporated FX This work was partially supported by Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Incorporated. NR 56 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 87 IS 24 BP 13456 EP 13465 DI 10.1128/JVI.02435-13 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 258EZ UT WOS:000327443300035 PM 24089566 ER PT J AU Sari, TK Pritchard, SM Cunha, CW Wudiri, GA Laws, EI Aguilar, HC Taus, NS Nicola, AV AF Sari, Tri Komala Pritchard, Suzanne M. Cunha, Cristina W. Wudiri, George A. Laws, Elizabeth I. Aguilar, Hector C. Taus, Naomi S. Nicola, Anthony V. TI Contributions of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Envelope Proteins to Entry by Endocytosis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ENTRY; TYPE-1 GLYCOPROTEIN-K; FROM-WITHOUT ACTIVITY; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; LOW-PH; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGE; CODING SEQUENCES; PLASMA-MEMBRANE AB Herpes simplex virus (HSV) proteins specifically required for endocytic entry but not direct penetration have not been identified. HSVs deleted of gE, gG, gI, gJ, gM, UL45, or Us9 entered cells via either pH-dependent or pH-independent endocytosis and were inactivated by mildly acidic pH. Thus, the required HSV glycoproteins, gB, gD, and gH-gL, may be sufficient for entry regardless of entry route taken. This may be distinct from entry mechanisms employed by other human herpesviruses. C1 [Sari, Tri Komala; Pritchard, Suzanne M.; Cunha, Cristina W.; Wudiri, George A.; Laws, Elizabeth I.; Nicola, Anthony V.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cunha, Cristina W.; Taus, Naomi S.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Wudiri, George A.; Aguilar, Hector C.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Nicola, AV (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM nicola@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Public Health Service from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI096103]; Fulbright Scholar Program FX This investigation was supported by Public Health Service grant AI096103 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (A.V.N) and a fellowship from the Fulbright Scholar Program (T.K.S.). NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 87 IS 24 BP 13922 EP 13926 DI 10.1128/JVI.02500-13 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 258EZ UT WOS:000327443300079 ER PT J AU McPherson, EG Xiao, QF Aguaron, E AF McPherson, E. Gregory Xiao, Qingfu Aguaron, Elena TI A new approach to quantify and map carbon stored, sequestered and emissions avoided by urban forests SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Carbon density; Urban tree canopy; Transfer function; Urban forest structure; Wood density; Climate action planning ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; UNITED-STATES; STORAGE; COVER; SEQUESTRATION; NEIGHBORHOODS; GREENSPACE; IMPACTS; BIOMASS; CANOPY AB This paper describes the use of field surveys, biometric information for urban tree species and remote sensing to quantify and map carbon (C) storage, sequestration and avoided emissions from energy savings. Its primary contribution is methodological; the derivation and application of urban tree canopy (UTC) based transfer functions (t C ha(-1) UTC). Findings for Los Angeles and Sacramento illustrate the complex role of regional and local determinants. Although average tree density and size were substantially greater in Los Angeles, the mean C storage density (8.15 t ha(-1)) was 53 percent of Sacramento's (15.4 t ha(-1)). In Sacramento, native oaks with very high wood densities (815 kg m(-3)) accounted for 30 percent of total basal area. In Los Angeles, the most dominant taxa had relatively low wood densities (350-550 kg m(-3)). The inclusion of relatively more wooded land in the Sacramento study area may partially explain higher C storage levels. In Los Angeles, where development is relatively dense, 14 percent of all trees surveyed shaded more than one building compared to only 2 percent in Sacramento. Consequently, the transfer function for avoided emissions in Los Angeles (2.77 t ha(-1) UTC yr(-1)) exceeded Sacramento (2.72 t ha(-1) UTC yr(-1)). The approach described here improves C estimates and increases the resolution at which C can be mapped across a region. It can be used to map baseline C storage levels for climate action planning, identify conservation areas where UTC densities are highest and determine where opportunities for expanding UTC are greatest. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McPherson, E. Gregory] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Xiao, Qingfu] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA USA. [Aguaron, Elena] CSU Fresno, Dept Plant Sci, Fresno, CA USA. RP McPherson, EG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM egmcpherson@ucdavis.edu; qxiao@Cdavis.Edu; eaguaronfuente@Csufresno.Edu FU City of Los Angeles; Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District; Sacramento Tree Foundation FX We would like to thank the City of Los Angeles, Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District and the Sacramento Tree Foundation for their support, as well as the more than 90 volunteers and staff who contributed to the tree survey and other aspects of the study. David Nowak and colleagues with the U.S. Forest Service's Northern Research Station were very kind to share their information from the UFORE analyses, and Lorraine Weller (UC Riverside) and Antonio Davila (USFS) led field data collection in Los Angeles. Lisa Sarno and George Gonzalez, both with the City of Los Angeles provided support and guidance. NR 75 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 90 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 120 BP 70 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.08.005 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 257WT UT WOS:000327419200007 ER PT J AU Lima, JMT Staudhammer, CL Brandeis, TJ Escobedo, FJ Zipperer, W AF Lima, Joanna M. Tucker Staudhammer, Christina L. Brandeis, Thomas J. Escobedo, Francisco J. Zipperer, Wayne TI Temporal dynamics of a subtropical urban forest in San Juan, Puerto Rico, 2001-2010 SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Urban forest structure; Novel ecosystems; Caribbean; Permanent plots; Mangrove ID CARBON STORAGE; LAND-USE; ECOSYSTEM; HOUSTON; TREES AB Several studies report urban tree growth and mortality rates as well as species composition, structural dynamics, and other characteristics of urban forests in mostly temperate, inland urban areas. Temporal dynamics of urban forests in subtropical and tropical forest regions are, until now, little explored and represent a new and important direction for study and management of these ecosystems. This study used permanent plots and statistical models incorporating tree and plot-level covariates to analyze mortality, in-growth, diameter growth, and species composition, as well the socioeconomic and urban morphology factors driving change in San Juan, Puerto Rico's subtropical coastal island urban forests over a nine year period. A total of 87 plots contained 482 trees in 2001 and 749 trees in 2010. Between 2001 and 2010 average tree densities increased, and average annual mortality rates were nearly 30%. Mortality was lower for larger, open-grown, non-leguminous trees and in higher income neighborhoods, but higher for street trees and larger population areas. The most widespread tree was invasive Spathodea campanulata, but overall, average mortality was higher for invasive than non-invasive tree species. In-growth of invasive species increased with human population, while higher tree densities corresponded with increased in-growth of native species. Overall mean diameter growth rate was 0.98 cm/yr, but remnant forest patch growth rates were 0.35 cm/yr. Higher diameter growth rates were associated with larger human populations, amounts of duff/mulch cover, and open-grown conditions. This study adds new insights to broaden our understanding of these emergent ecosystems in the Caribbean region. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lima, Joanna M. Tucker; Escobedo, Francisco J.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Staudhammer, Christina L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Brandeis, Thomas J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Zipperer, Wayne] US Forest Serv, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Lima, JMT (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jmtucker@ufl.edu; cstaudhammer@ua.edu; tjbrandeis@fs.fed.us; fescobed@ufl.edu; wzipperer@fs.fed.us RI Escobedo, Francisco/N-9526-2013; Escobedo, Francisco /H-1286-2016 OI Escobedo, Francisco /0000-0002-9272-5046 FU USDA Forest Service's State and Private Forestry program; Spatial distribution of invasive horticultural woody plants in urban landscapes" Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural Research (TSTAR-C FY) grant FX We thank Robin Morgan and Terry Hoffman of the USDA Forest Service's State and Private Forestry program and "Spatial distribution of invasive horticultural woody plants in urban landscapes" Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural Research (TSTAR-C FY2008) grant for funding; Olga Ramos and Eileen Helmer of the USDA Forest Service's International Institute of Tropical Forestry for compiling of GIS data sets; Jeffrey Glogiewicz of Consultores Ambiental and the Fundacion Puertorriquena de Conservacion for collecting field data in 2001 and 2010; and Edgardo Gonzalez with Centro para la Conservacion del Paisaje for data collection in 2010. We appreciate the cooperation of other public agencies and private landowners in providing access to measurement plots. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 120 BP 96 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.08.007 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 257WT UT WOS:000327419200009 ER PT J AU Romolini, M Grove, JM Locke, DH AF Romolini, Michele Grove, J. Morgan Locke, Dexter H. TI Assessing and comparing relationships between urban environmental stewardship networks and land cover in Baltimore and Seattle SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Urban ecology; Stewardship; Environmental governance; Cross-site analysis; Social network analysis; Spatial analysis ID NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; VEGETATION; GOVERNANCE; PATTERNS AB Implementation of urban sustainability policies often requires collaborations between organizations across sectors. Indeed, it is commonly agreed that governance by environmental networks is preferred to individual organizations acting alone. Yet research shows that network structures vary widely, and that these variations can impact network effectiveness. However, largescale studies of environmental network structure and outcomes are rare. Little research exists that evaluates whether local environmental conditions impact network structure, and whether the structure, or even the existence of a network has measurable impact on local conditions. These research gaps may be partially attributed to methodological challenges in studying networks across geographic space. This study addresses these challenges and examines the question, "what are the relationships among environmental conditions and environmental stewardship networks in Baltimore and Seattle, and how do these two cities compare?" We surveyed environmental stewardship organizations in each city to collect data about organizational relationships and locations of stewardship activities. Social network and spatial regression analyses were applied to these data to explore relationships among variations in neighborhood land cover and network measures. Land cover was not found to be a strong predictor of organizational presence or network structure in either city. However, both the number of organizations and the number of ties between them correlated significantly with the percentage of tree canopy in Baltimore neighborhoods. Seattle had similar trends, but the relationship appeared weaker. Findings contribute to the nascent field of urban environmental stewardship, and thus results are discussed in relation to their ability to inform future research. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Romolini, Michele] Loyola Marymount Univ, Ctr Urban Resilience, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Baltimore Field Stn, Baltimore, MD USA. [Locke, Dexter H.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Romolini, M (reprint author), Loyola Marymount Univ, Ctr Urban Resilience, 1 Loyola Marymount Univ Dr,Res Annex 120, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. EM michele.romolini@lmu.edu; jmgrove@gmail.com; dexter.locke@gmail.com FU ARRA Project [10-CA-11260489-090, NSF-DEB-0423476, DC-BC ULTRA-Ex NSF-DEB-0948947] FX This article was adapted from a chapter of Dr. Romolini's dissertation from the University of Vermont, and thus we thank her committee members-Christopher Koliba, Daniel Krymkowksi, and Curtis Ventriss-for substantial contributions in the development of the research. We are grateful to all of the organizations in Baltimore and Seattle who participated in our survey, and particularly to those who offered valuable input along the way. The research would not have been possible without generous contributions of spatial data from the University of Vermont's Spatial Analysis Laboratory and the University of Washington's Remote Sensing and Geospatial Applications Laboratory; material and intellectual support from the USDA Forest Service's Pacific Northwest and Northern Research stations; and financial support of ARRA Project 10-CA-11260489-090, NSF-DEB-0423476, and DC-BC ULTRA-Ex NSF-DEB-0948947. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the contributors. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 120 BP 190 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.08.008 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 257WT UT WOS:000327419200018 ER PT J AU McIntyre, NE Iverson, LR Turner, MG AF McIntyre, Nancy E. Iverson, Louis R. Turner, Monica G. TI A 27-year perspective on landscape ecology from the US-IALE annual meeting SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McIntyre, Nancy E.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Iverson, Louis R.] US Forest Serv, Landscape Change Res Grp, No Res Stn, USDA, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Turner, Monica G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP McIntyre, NE (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM nancy.mcintyre@ttu.edu; liverson@fs.fed.us; turnermg@wisc.edu RI Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 28 IS 10 BP 1845 EP 1848 DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9944-3 PG 4 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 258CX UT WOS:000327437900001 ER PT J AU Dillard, A Matthan, NR Spartano, NL Butkowski, AE Lichtenstein, AH AF Dillard, Alice Matthan, Nirupa R. Spartano, Nicole L. Butkowski, Ann E. Lichtenstein, Alice H. TI Background Diet and Fat Type Alters Plasma Lipoprotein Response but not Aortic Cholesterol Accumulation in F1B Golden Syrian Hamsters SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article DE Aorta; Cholesterol; Hamster; Non-purified diet; Polyunsaturated fat; Saturated fat; emi-purified diet; Triacylglycerol ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; BLOOD CHOLESTEROL; POOLED ANALYSIS; RISK-FACTORS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; METABOLISM; ACID AB Dietary modification alters plasma lipoprotein profiles and atherosclerotic lesion progression in humans and some animal models. Variability in response to diet induced atherosclerosis has been reported in hamsters. Assessed was the interaction between background diet composition and dietary fat type on aortic cholesterol accumulation, lipoprotein profiles, hepatic lipids and selected genes. F1B Golden Syrian hamsters (20/group) were fed (12 weeks) semi-purified or non-purified diets containing either 10 % (w/w) coconut oil or safflower oil and 0.15 % (w/w) cholesterol. The non-purified diets relative to semi-purified diets resulted in significantly higher TC (72 % [percent difference] and 38 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively) and nHDL-C (84 and 61 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively), and lower HDL-C (-47 and -45 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively) concentrations. Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in the hamsters fed the non-purified coconut oil-supplemented diets were three- to fourfold higher than non-purified safflower oil-supplemented, and both semi-purified diets. With the exception of HDL-C, a significant effect of fat type was observed in TC, nHDL-C and triacylglycerol (all P < 0.05) concentrations. Regardless of diet induced differences in lipoprotein profiles, there was no significant effect on aortic cholesterol accumulation. There was an inverse relationship between plasma nHDL-C and triacylglycerol, and hepatic cholesteryl ester content (P < 0.001). Diet induced differences in hepatic gene transcription (LDL receptor, apoB-100, microsomal transfer protein) were not reflected in protein concentrations. Although hamsters fed non-purified and/or saturated fatty acid-supplemented diets had more atherogenic lipoprotein profiles compared to hamsters fed semi-purified and/or polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplemented diets these differences were not reflected in aortic cholesterol accumulation. C1 [Dillard, Alice; Matthan, Nirupa R.; Spartano, Nicole L.; Butkowski, Ann E.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM alice.lichtenstein@tufts.edu FU USDA [588-1950-9-001] FX We acknowledge and thank Dr. Donald Smith and the Comparative Biology Unit staff (Tufts University, Boston) for assistance with the hamster feeding and care. Supported by USDA agreement 588-1950-9-001. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0024-4201 EI 1558-9307 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD DEC PY 2013 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1177 EP 1184 DI 10.1007/s11745-013-3840-0 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 257TA UT WOS:000327408300001 PM 24096944 ER PT J AU Connolly, BA O'Connell, DP Lamon-Fava, S LeBlanc, DF Kuang, YL Schaefer, EJ Coppage, AL Benedict, CR Kiritsy, CP Bachovchin, WW AF Connolly, Beth A. O'Connell, Daniel P. Lamon-Fava, Stefania LeBlanc, Daniel F. Kuang, Yu-Lin Schaefer, Ernst J. Coppage, Andrew L. Benedict, Claude R. Kiritsy, Christopher P. Bachovchin, William W. TI The high-fat high-fructose hamster as an animal model for niacin's biological activities in humans SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article DE Lipid metabolism; HDL-C; LDL-C; TG ID EXTENDED-RELEASE NIACIN; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT ADIPONECTIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; NICOTINIC-ACID; HEPG2 CELLS; CORONARY-DISEASE; ARTERIAL BIOLOGY; INCREASES HDL AB Objective. Niacin has been used for more than 50 years to treat dyslipidemia, yet the mechanisms underlying its lipid-modifying effects remain unknown, a situation stemming at least in part from a lack of validated animal models. The objective of this study was to determine if the dyslipidemic hamster could serve as such a model. Materials/Methods. Dyslipidemia was induced in Golden Syrian hamsters by feeding them a high-fat, high-cholesterol, and high-fructose (HF/HF) diet. The effect of high-dose niacin treatment for 18 days and 28 days on plasma lipid levels and gene expression was measured. Results. Niacin treatment produced significant decreases in plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and free fatty acids (FFA), but had no measureable effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the dyslipidemic hamster. Niacin treatment also produced significant increases in hepatic adenosine ATP-Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1) mRNA, ABCA1 protein, apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) mRNA, and adipose adiponectin mRNA in these animals. Conclusions. With the exception of HDL-C, the lipid effects of niacin treatment in the dyslipidemic hamster closely parallel those observed in humans. Moreover, the effects of niacin treatment on gene expression of hepatic proteins related to HDL metabolism are similar to those observed in human cells in culture. The HF/HF-fed hamster could therefore serve as an animal model for niacin's lowering of proatherogenic lipids and mechanisms of action relative to lipid metabolism. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Connolly, Beth A.; O'Connell, Daniel P.; LeBlanc, Daniel F.; Coppage, Andrew L.; Bachovchin, William W.] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Biomed Sci, Dept Biochem, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Connolly, Beth A.; O'Connell, Daniel P.; LeBlanc, Daniel F.; Benedict, Claude R.; Kiritsy, Christopher P.; Bachovchin, William W.] Arisaph Pharmaceut, Boston, MA USA. [Lamon-Fava, Stefania; Kuang, Yu-Lin; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Bachovchin, WW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Biomed Sci, Dept Biochem, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM william.bachovchin@tufts.edu FU Arisaph Pharmaceuticals; USDA Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-3K-06] FX This work was supported by Arisaph Pharmaceuticals. Additional support was provided by the USDA Department of Agriculture Research Service Contract 53-3K-06 (EJS and SL-F). NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0026-0495 EI 1532-8600 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 62 IS 12 BP 1840 EP 1849 DI 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.08.001 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 257WO UT WOS:000327418700017 PM 24035454 ER PT J AU Bearson, SMD Bearson, BL Lee, IS Kich, JD AF Bearson, S. M. D. Bearson, B. L. Lee, I. S. Kich, J. D. TI Polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) is required for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium colonization in swine SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Polynucleotide phosphorylase; PNPase; Salmonella; Virulence; Swine; Colonization ID MESSENGER-RNA DEGRADATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; GENE-EXPRESSION; SENSOR KINASE; VIRULENCE; NOREPINEPHRINE; REGULATOR; STABILITY; SURVIVAL; MOTILITY AB The pnp gene encodes polynucleotide phosphorylase, an exoribonuclease involved in RNA processing and degradation. A mutation in the pop gene was previously identified by our group in a signature-tagged mutagenesis screen designed to search for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium genes required for survival in an ex vivo swine stomach content assay. In the current study, attenuation and colonization potential of a S. Typhimurium pop mutant in the porcine host was evaluated. Following intranasal inoculation with 109 cfu of either the wild-type S. Typhimurium chi 4232 strain or an isogenic derivative lacking the pnp gene (n = 5/group), a significant increase (p < 0.05) in rectal temperature (fever) was observed in the pigs inoculated with wild-type S. Typhimurium compared to the pigs inoculated with the pnp mutant. Fecal shedding of the pnp mutant was significantly reduced during the 7-day study compared to the wild-type strain (p < 0.001). Tissue colonization was also significantly reduced in the pigs inoculated with the pop mutant compared to the parental strain, including the tonsils, ileocecal lymph nodes, Peyer's Patch region of the ileum, cecum and contents of the cecum (p < 0.05). The data indicate that the pop gene is required for S. Typhimurium virulence and gastrointestinal colonization of the natural swine host. (C) Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bearson, S. M. D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Bearson, B. L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. [Lee, I. S.] Hannam Univ, Taejon, South Korea. [Kich, J. D.] Embrapa Swine & Poultry, Concordia, SC, Brazil. RP Bearson, SMD (reprint author), 1920 Dayton Ave,Room 1403, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM shawn.bearson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, ARS CRIS funds FX We thank Stephanie Jones, Kellie Winter, Jennifer Jones and Ann Hoffman for technical assistance and Brian Brunelle and Steven Trabue for critical evaluation of the manuscript. This project was supported by USDA, ARS CRIS funds. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 65 BP 63 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2013.10.001 PG 4 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 261PI UT WOS:000327676700010 PM 24126127 ER PT J AU Park, B Martin, F Geiser, DM Kim, HS Mansfield, MA Nikolaeva, E Park, SY Coffey, MD Russo, J Kim, SH Balci, Y Abad, G Burgess, T Grunwald, NJ Cheong, K Choi, J Lee, YH Kang, S AF Park, Bongsoo Martin, Frank Geiser, David M. Kim, Hye-Seon Mansfield, Michele A. Nikolaeva, Ekaterina Park, Sook-Young Coffey, Michael D. Russo, Joseph Kim, Seong H. Balci, Yilmaz Abad, Gloria Burgess, Treena Gruenwald, Niklaus J. Cheong, Kyeongchae Choi, Jaeyoung Lee, Yong-Hwan Kang, Seogchan TI Phytophthora Database 2.0: Update and Future Direction SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE culture collection; database; invasive pathogen; molecular diagnosis; population biology; systematics ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; RAMORUM; IDENTIFICATION; MIGRATION; LINEAGES; AMERICA; FUNGI AB The online community resource Phytophthora database (PD) was developed to support accurate and rapid identification of Phytophthora and to help characterize and catalog the diversity and evolutionary relationships within the genus. Since its release in 2008, the sequence database has grown to cover 1 to 12 loci for approximate to 2,600 isolates (representing 138 described and provisional species). Sequences of multiple mitochondrial loci were added to complement nuclear loci-based phylogenetic analyses and diagnostic tool development. Key characteristics of most newly described and provisional species have been summarized. Other additions to improve the PD functionality include: (i) geographic information system tools that enable users to visualize the geographic origins of chosen isolates on a global-scale map, (ii) a tool for comparing genetic similarity between isolates via microsatellite markers to support population genetic studies, (iii) a comprehensive review of molecular diagnostics tools and relevant references, (iv) sequence alignments used to develop polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostics tools to support their utilization and new diagnostic tool development, and (v) an online community forum for sharing and preserving experience and knowledge accumulated in the global Phytophthora community. Here we present how these improvements can support users and discuss the PD's future direction. C1 [Park, Bongsoo; Geiser, David M.; Kang, Seogchan] Penn State Univ, Integrat Biosci Grad Program Bioinformat & Genom, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Geiser, David M.; Kim, Hye-Seon; Mansfield, Michele A.; Nikolaeva, Ekaterina; Park, Sook-Young; Kang, Seogchan] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Martin, Frank] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93906 USA. [Coffey, Michael D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Russo, Joseph] ZedX Inc, Bellefonte, PA 16823 USA. [Kim, Seong H.] Penn Dept Agr, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA. [Balci, Yilmaz] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Abad, Gloria] USDA APHIS PPQ, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Burgess, Treena] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Phytophthora Sci & Management, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Cheong, Kyeongchae; Choi, Jaeyoung; Lee, Yong-Hwan] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Cheong, Kyeongchae; Choi, Jaeyoung; Lee, Yong-Hwan] Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul 151921, South Korea. RP Martin, F (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93906 USA. EM Frank.Martin@ars.usda.gov; sxk55@psu.edu RI Choi, Jaeyoung/H-8665-2013; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; Burgess, Treena/G-4770-2011 OI Choi, Jaeyoung/0000-0003-2206-4593; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Burgess, Treena/0000-0002-7962-219X FU USDA-AFRI Plant Biosecurity program [2005-35605-15393, 2008-55605-18773]; National Research Foundation of Korea [2012-0001149, 2012-0000141]; Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program of Rural Development Administration in Korea [PJ00821201]; Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture [ME 445580, 44091394, 44102197]; Penn State Institute for Cyber-Science FX We thank the many individuals who contributed data to the PD. Their contribution was acknowledged at the home page or the species page. Grants from the USDA-AFRI Plant Biosecurity program supported the establishment and improvement of the PD (2005-35605-15393 and 2008-55605-18773). Establishment of the PD was also supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (2012-0001149 and 2012-0000141) and the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program of Rural Development Administration in Korea (PJ00821201) to Y.-H. Lee. Support from the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture (ME 445580, 44091394, and 44102197) has also contributed to generating data and updating the PD. S. Kang and B. Park acknowledge fellowship support from the Penn State Institute for Cyber-Science. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2013 VL 103 IS 12 BP 1204 EP 1208 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-01-13-0023-R PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 257DY UT WOS:000327365000001 PM 23961810 ER PT J AU Workneh, F Henne, DC Goolsby, JA Crosslin, JM Whipple, SD Bradshaw, JD Rashed, A Paetzold, L Harveson, RM Rush, CM AF Workneh, F. Henne, D. C. Goolsby, J. A. Crosslin, J. M. Whipple, S. D. Bradshaw, J. D. Rashed, A. Paetzold, L. Harveson, R. M. Rush, C. M. TI Characterization of Management and Environmental Factors Associated with Regional Variations in Potato Zebra Chip Occurrence SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alpha-proteobacterium; ROC curve ID CANDIDATUS-LIBERIBACTER-SOLANACEARUM; BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI SULC; PSYLLID HEMIPTERA TRIOZIDAE; 1ST REPORT; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; NEW-ZEALAND; DISEASE; VIRUS AB Potato zebra chip (ZC), caused by the bacterial pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum', which is vectored by the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli), has caused widespread damage to U.S. potato production ever since its first discovery in south Texas in 2000. To determine the influence of environmental factors and management practices on ZC occurrence, data on management and meteorological variables, field locations, and psyllid counts were collected over a 3-year period (2010 to 2012) from six locations across the central United States (south Texas to Nebraska). At these locations, ZC-symptomatic plants were counted in 26 fields from systematically established 20 m x 30 m plots around the field edges and field interiors. Mean numbers of symptomatic plants per plot were classified into two intensity classes (ZC <= 3 or ZC > 3) and subjected to discriminant function and logistic regression analyses to determine which factors best distinguish between the two ZC intensity classes. Of all the variables, location, planting date, and maximum temperature were found to be the most important in distinguishing between ZC intensity classes. These variables correctly classified 88.5% of the fields into either of the two ZC-intensity classes. Logistic regression analysis of the individual variables showed that location accounted for 90% of the variations, followed by planting date (86%) and maximum temperature (70%). There was a low but significant (r = -0.44983, P = 0.0211) negative correlation between counts of psyllids testing positive for pathogen and latitudinal locations, indicating a south-to-north declining trend in counts of psyllids testing positive for the pathogen. A similar declining trend also was observed in ZC occurrence (r = -0.499, P = 0.0094). C1 [Workneh, F.; Paetzold, L.; Rush, C. M.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Henne, D. C.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Goolsby, J. A.] USDA ARS, Edinburg, TX 78596 USA. [Crosslin, J. M.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Whipple, S. D.; Bradshaw, J. D.; Harveson, R. M.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Rashed, A.] Univ Idaho, R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Workneh, F (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM f-workneh@tamu.edu FU USDA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176]; Texas Department of Agriculture Zebra Chip Initiative FX The project was supported by USDA-SCRI grant number 2009-51181-20176 and the Texas Department of Agriculture Zebra Chip Initiative. We thank the various potato growers for their support and cooperation and J. Arthur, B. Bealmer, J. Gray, and S. Pattison for their technical assistance. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2013 VL 103 IS 12 BP 1235 EP 1242 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-13-0084-R PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 257DY UT WOS:000327365000005 PM 23883154 ER PT J AU Turechek, WW Webster, CG Duan, JY Roberts, PD Kousik, CS Adkins, S AF Turechek, William W. Webster, Craig G. Duan, Jingyi Roberts, Pamela D. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Adkins, Scott TI The Use of Latent Class Analysis to Estimate the Sensitivities and Specificities of Diagnostic Tests for Squash vein yellowing virus in Cucurbit Species When There Is No Gold Standard SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISEASE PREVALENCE; CLASS MODELS; ERROR RATES; INFECTION; ACCURACY; FLORIDA AB Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) is the causal agent of viral watermelon vine decline, one of the most serious diseases in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) production in the southeastern United States. At present, there is not a gold standard diagnostic test for determining the true status of SqVYV infection in plants. Current diagnostic methods for identification of SqVYV-infected plants or tissues are based on the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), tissue blot nucleic acid hybridization assays (TB), and expression of visual symptoms. A quantitative assessment of the performance of these diagnostic tests is lacking, which may lead to an incorrect interpretation of results. In this study, latent class analysis (LCA) was used to estimate the sensitivities and specificities of RT-PCR, TB, and visual assessment of symptoms as diagnostic tests for SqVYV. The LCA model assumes that the observed diagnostic test responses are linked to an underlying latent (nonobserved) disease status of the population, and can be used to estimate sensitivity and specificity of the individual tests, as well as to derive an estimate of the incidence of disease when a gold standard test does not exist. LCA can also be expanded to evaluate the effect of factors and was done here to determine whether diagnostic test performances varied among the type of plant tissue being tested (crown versus vine tissue), where plant samples were taken relative to the position of the crown (i.e., distance from the crown), host (i.e., genus), and habitat (field-grown versus greenhouse-grown plants). Results showed that RT-PCR had the highest sensitivity (0.94) and specificity (0.98) of the three tests. TB had better sensitivity than symptoms for detection of SqVYV infection (0.70 versus 0.32), while the visual assessment of symptoms was more specific than TB and, thus, a better indicator of noninfection (0.98 versus 0.65). With respect to the grouping variables, RT-PCR and TB had better sensitivity but poorer specificity for diagnosing SqVYV infection in crown tissue than it did in vine tissue, whereas symptoms had very poor sensitivity but excellent specificity in both tissues for all cucurbits analyzed in this study. Test performance also varied with habitat and genus but not with distance from the crown. The results given here provide quantitative measurements of test performance for a range of conditions and provide the information needed to interpret test results when tests are used in parallel or serial combination for a diagnosis. C1 [Turechek, William W.; Webster, Craig G.; Duan, Jingyi; Adkins, Scott] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Roberts, Pamela D.] Univ Florida IFAS, Southwest Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. [Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Turechek, WW (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM william.turechek@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2013 VL 103 IS 12 BP 1243 EP 1251 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-13-0071-R PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 257DY UT WOS:000327365000006 PM 23883156 ER PT J AU Centofanti, T Sayers, Z Cabello-Conejo, MI Kidd, P Nishizawa, NK Kakei, Y Davis, AP Sicher, RC Chaney, RL AF Centofanti, Tiziana Sayers, Zehra Isabel Cabello-Conejo, Maria Kidd, Petra Nishizawa, Naoko K. Kakei, Yusuke Davis, Allen P. Sicher, Richard C. Chaney, Rufus L. TI Xylem exudate composition and root-to-shoot nickel translocation in Alyssum species SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Histidine; Ni translocation; Metal chelator; Hyperaccumulator; Nicotianamine ID HYPERACCUMULATOR THLASPI-CAERULESCENS; COMMERCIAL PHYTOEXTRACTION; METAL HYPERACCUMULATION; FREE HISTIDINE; PLANTS; NICOTIANAMINE; SPECIATION; ACID; MS; IDENTIFICATION AB An improved understanding of the Ni root-to-shoot translocation mechanism in hyperaccumulators is necessary to increase Ni uptake efficiency for phytoextraction technologies. It has been presumed that an important aspect of Ni translocation and storage involves chelation with organic ligands. It has been reported that exposing several Ni hyperaccumulator species of Alyssum to Ni elicited a large increase in the histidine level of the xylem sap. In later studies it was shown that as time progressed the histidine:Ni ratio dropped considerably. Moreover, previous studies analyzed the relationship between Ni and ligands in plants that were exposed to Ni only for a few hours and therefore obtained results that are unlikely to represent field soils where plants are at steady-state Ni uptake. The aim of this study was to understand the quantitative relationship between Ni and organic ligands in the xylem sap of various Alyssum genotypes or species that reached steady-state Ni uptake after being exposed to Ni in either nutrient solution or serpentine soil for up to 6 weeks. Total Ni concentration, 17 amino acids, 9 organic acids, and nicotianamine were measured in xylem sap of 100-day old plants of Alyssum. Results showed that the concentration of Ni in xylem sap of various Alyssum genotypes was 10-100 fold higher than the concentration of histidine, malate, citrate, and nicotianamine, which were the predominant Ni ligands measured in the sap. When the physiology of the whole plant is taken into account, our results indicate that the concentration of organic chelators is too low to account for the complexation of all the Ni present in the xylem sap of Alyssum at steady-state Ni hyperaccumulation, and suggest that most of the Ni in xylem sap of this species is present as the hydrated cation. C1 [Centofanti, Tiziana; Davis, Allen P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sayers, Zehra] Sabanci Univ, Fac Engn & Nat Sci, Istanbul, Turkey. [Centofanti, Tiziana; Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Isabel Cabello-Conejo, Maria; Kidd, Petra] CSIC, Inst Invest Agrobiol Galicia, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain. [Nishizawa, Naoko K.; Kakei, Yusuke] Univ Tokyo, Dept Global Agr Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. [Sicher, Richard C.] USDA ARS, Inst Plant Sci, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Centofanti, Tiziana] Water Management Res USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Centofanti, T (reprint author), Water Management Res USDA ARS, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM tiziana.centofanti@gmail.com RI DAVIS, ALLEN/F-1066-2017 OI DAVIS, ALLEN/0000-0001-7818-1890 NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD DEC PY 2013 VL 373 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 75 DI 10.1007/s11104-013-1782-1 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 257QK UT WOS:000327400400005 ER PT J AU Chutimanitsakun, Y Cuesta-Marcos, A Chao, SM Corey, A Filichkin, T Fisk, S Kolding, M Meints, B Ong, YL Rey, JI Ross, AS Hayes, PM AF Chutimanitsakun, Yada Cuesta-Marcos, Alfonso Chao, Shiaoman Corey, Ann Filichkin, Tanya Fisk, Scott Kolding, Mathias Meints, Brigid Ong, Yee-Ling Rey, Juan Ignacio Ross, Andrew S. Hayes, Patrick M. TI Application of marker-assisted selection and genome-wide association scanning to the development of winter food barley germplasm resources SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE food barley; low temperature tolerance; marker assisted selection; betaglucan; vernalization; winter barley ID LOW-TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; BETA-GLUCAN CONTENT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHOTOPERIOD RESPONSE; VERNALIZATION1 GENE; SPRING BARLEY; WHEAT; STARCH; EXPRESSION AB Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an important component of heart-healthy whole grain diets because it contains -glucan. All current US barley varieties with high -glucan are spring habit and have waxy starch. Winter varieties have agronomic advantages but require low-temperature tolerance (LTT). Vernalization sensitivity (VS) is associated with higher levels of LTT. To rapidly develop fall-sown varieties with LTT and higher grain -glucan, we therefore used marker-assisted selection (MAS) at the WX and VRN-H2 loci. The MAS-derived lines, together with unrelated non-waxy germplasm developed via phenotypic selection (PS), were used for a genome-wide association scan (GWAS). The panel was phenotyped for grain -glucan, LTT and VS. It was genotyped with 3072 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and allele-specific primers. Marker-assisted selection fixed target alleles at both loci but only one of the target phenotypes (higher -glucan percentage) was achieved. Variation for VS and LTT is attributable to (i) incomplete information about VRN-H1 at the outset of the project and (ii) unexpected allelic variation at VRN-H3 with a large effect on VS and LTT. C1 [Chutimanitsakun, Yada; Cuesta-Marcos, Alfonso; Corey, Ann; Filichkin, Tanya; Fisk, Scott; Meints, Brigid; Ong, Yee-Ling; Ross, Andrew S.; Hayes, Patrick M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Kolding, Mathias] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr Res & Extens Serv, Hermiston, OR 97801 USA. [Rey, Juan Ignacio] Dow Agrosci, Midwest Res Ctr, Fowler, IN 47944 USA. RP Cuesta-Marcos, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM alfonso.cuesta-marcos@oregonstate.edu FU USDA-CSREES-NRI [2006-55606-16722]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-85606-05701] FX This Project was supported by USDA-CSREES-NRI Grant No 2006-55606-16722 'Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery and Barley' and by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-85606-05701 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We appreciate the assistance of Dr. J. Von Zitzewitz (INIA, Uruguay) with generating the heat map shown in Fig. 6. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 132 IS 6 BP 563 EP 570 DI 10.1111/pbr.12086 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 255NY UT WOS:000327248200008 ER PT J AU Kwon, SJ Smykal, P Hu, JG Wang, MN Kim, SJ McGee, RJ McPhee, K Coyne, CJ AF Kwon, Soon Jae Smykal, Petr Hu, Jinguo Wang, Meinan Kim, Sung-Jin McGee, Rebecca J. McPhee, Kevin Coyne, Clarice J. TI User-friendly markers linked to Fusarium wilt race 1 resistance Fw gene for marker-assisted selection in pea SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Pisum sativum; SCAR; TRAP; Fusarium oxysporum f; sp; pisi ID PISUM-SATIVUM L.; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; TRAP MARKERS; POLYMORPHISM; LETTUCE; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCES; DNA AB Fusarium wilt is one of the most widespread diseases of pea. Resistance to Fusarium wilt race 1 was reported as a single gene, Fw, located on linkage group III. The previously reported AFLP and RAPD markers linked to Fw have limited usage in marker-assisted selection due to their map distance and linkage phase. Using 80 F-8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of Green ArrowxPI 179449, we amplified 72 polymorphic markers between resistant and susceptible lines with the target region amplified polymorphism (TRAP) technique. Marker-trait association analysis revealed a significant association. Five candidate markers were identified and three were converted into user-friendly dominant SCAR markers. Forty-eight pea cultivars with known resistant or susceptible phenotypes to Fusarium wilt race 1 verified the marker-trait association. These three markers, Fw_Trap_480, Fw_Trap_340 and Fw_Trap_220, are tightly linked to and only 1.2cM away from the Fw locus and are therefore ideal for marker-assisted selection. These newly identified markers are useful to assist in the isolation of the Fusarium wilt race 1 resistance gene in pea. C1 [Kwon, Soon Jae; Hu, Jinguo; Coyne, Clarice J.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS Plant Germplasm Intro & Testing, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Smykal, Petr] Agritec, Dept Biotechnol, CZ-78701 Sumperk, Czech Republic. [Smykal, Petr] Palacky Univ, Dept Bot, Fac Sci, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Wang, Meinan] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kim, Sung-Jin] Washington State Univ, Inst Biol Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McGee, Rebecca J.] Washington State Univ, ARS Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McPhee, Kevin] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Coyne, CJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS Plant Germplasm Intro & Testing, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM clarice.coyne@ars.usda.gov RI WANG, Meinan/P-5671-2014; OI WANG, Meinan/0000-0001-9595-3995; Smykal, Petr/0000-0002-6117-8510 FU USDA-ARS; Czech Ministry of Education KONTAKT [ME10006]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5348-21000-017-00D, 5348-21000-024-00D] FX The authors wish to acknowledge their funding sources: USDA-ARS postdoctoral fellowship (S-JK); Czech Ministry of Education KONTAKT ME10006 (P. S.) and funding from USDA-ARS CRIS Projects #5348-21000-017-00D (JH, SJK, CJC) and #5348-21000-024-00D (RJM). For technical assistance, the authors wish to thank Mrs. Eva Fialova a for candidate gene genotyping. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 132 IS 6 BP 642 EP 648 DI 10.1111/pbr.12085 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 255NY UT WOS:000327248200018 ER PT J AU Travadon, R Rolshausen, PE Gubler, WD Cadle-Davidson, L Baumgartner, K AF Travadon, Renaud Rolshausen, Philippe E. Gubler, Walter D. Cadle-Davidson, Lance Baumgartner, Kendra TI Susceptibility of Cultivated and Wild Vitis spp. to Wood Infection by Fungal Trunk Pathogens SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID EUTYPA-LATA; ERYSIPHE-NECATOR; PHAEOMONIELLA-CHLAMYDOSPORA; GRAPEVINE CULTIVARS; FOLIAR RESISTANCE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; VINIFERA L; IDENTIFICATION; DIEBACK; DISEASE AB Cultivars of European grapevine, Vitis vinifera, show varying levels of susceptibility to Eutypa dieback and Esca, in terms of foliar symptoms. However, little is known regarding cultivar susceptibility of their woody tissues to canker formation. Accordingly, we evaluated the relative susceptibility of V vinifera cultivars ('Cabernet Franc', 'Cabernet Sauvignon', 'Chardonnay', `Merlot, 'Riesling', 'Petite Syrah', and 'Thompson Seedless') and species or interspecific hybrids of North American Vitis (Vitis hybrid 'Concord', V arizonica) 'b42-26', V rupestris x V cinerea 'I11547-1', and Fennell 6 [V aestivalis] x Malaga [V vinifera] `DVIT0166') to canker formation by seven trunk pathogens (Neofusicoccum parvum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Togninia minima, Phomopsis viticola, Eutypa lata, and an undescribed Eutypa sp.). Susceptibility was based on the length of wood discoloration (LWD) in the woody stems of rooted plants in duplicate greenhouse experiments. Cultivars of V vinifera and Concord did not vary significantly in susceptibility to N. parvum or L. theobromae (LWD of 21 to 88 mm at 14 weeks post inoculation; P > 0.16), suggesting that they are similarly susceptible to Botryosphaeria dieback. The table-grape Thompson Seedless was most susceptible to viticola (mean LWD of 61 mm at 11 months post inoculation; P < 0.0001). V vinifera cultivars and Concord showed similar susceptibility to the Esca pathogens, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and T minima. Susceptibility to E. lata was greatest in V arizonica b42-26 (mean LWD of 96 mm at 11 months post inoculation; P < 0.03). In fact, all four American Vitis spp. were more susceptible to Eutypa dieback than the V vinifera cultivars. Our findings suggest that no one cultivar is likely to provide resistance to the range of trunk pathogens but that certain cultivars may be promising candidates for commercially relevant host resistance in grape-production systems where the dominant cultivars are very susceptible. C1 [Travadon, Renaud; Gubler, Walter D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rolshausen, Philippe E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Cadle-Davidson, Lance] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Baumgartner, Kendra] ARS, USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Baumgartner, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu FU USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-51100-19334] FX This research was funded by grant number 2008-51100-19334 to K. Baumgartner, P. Rolshausen, and W. D. Gubler from the USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We thank A. Walker (University of California, Davis) for providing Vitis cuttings and access to grapevine propagation material; J. Groom, M. Cownan, O. Youngers, and P. Fujiyoshi for technical assistance; and B. Mackey (USDA-ARS, Albany, CA) for his assistance with statistical analyses. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 45 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 97 IS 12 BP 1529 EP 1536 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-13-0525-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 255GR UT WOS:000327227900002 ER PT J AU Tan, MYA Carson, ML AF Tan, M. Y. A. Carson, M. L. TI Screening Wild Oat Accessions from Morocco for Resistance to Puccinia coronata SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CROWN RUST RESISTANCE; F-SP AVENAE; BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE; SATIVA; GENE; BARBATA AB Here, we report the screening of 332 new accessions of 11 different wild oat (Avena) species from the United States Department of Agriculture National Small Grains Collection in Aberdeen, ID, for resistance to crown rust disease, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae. This collection originated from Morocco and includes Avena agadiriana, A. atlantica, A. barbata, A. damascena, A. eriantha, A. hirtula, A. longiglumis, A. magna, A. murphyi, A. sterilis, and A. wiestii. After screening this collection with a highly diverse population of P. coronata f. sp. avenae, 164 accessions (49%) were rated moderately resistant to resistant in the preliminary screen at the seedling stage and 181 accessions (55%) rated moderately resistant to highly resistant in the adult plant stage. Although none of the accessions showed a highly resistant response consistently in the seedling stage, 20 accessions did display a highly resistant response in the adult plant stage. Both seedling as well as adult plant resistance was found in 150 (45%) of the accessions. Virulence in P. coronata has been reported to all resistance genes currently being used in North American oat cultivars. The new resistance sources presented here are potentially new sources for future breeding. The resistance found in 52 accessions of A. magna and A. murphyi with the AACC genome is especially valuable because these should be relatively easy to transfer into hexaploid A. sativa. C1 [Tan, M. Y. A.; Carson, M. L.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. RP Carson, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55113 USA. EM mcarson@umn.edu NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 97 IS 12 BP 1544 EP 1548 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-12-1150-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 255GR UT WOS:000327227900004 ER PT J AU Yan, GP Smiley, RW Okubara, PA Skantar, AM AF Yan, Guiping Smiley, Richard W. Okubara, Patricia A. Skantar, Andrea M. TI Species-Specific PCR Assays for Differentiating Heterodera filipjevi and H-avenae SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CYST-FORMING NEMATODES; REAL-TIME PCR; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PRATYLENCHUS-NEGLECTUS; RIBOSOMAL DNA; ITS-RDNA; IDENTIFICATION; QUANTIFICATION AB Heterodera avenae and H. filipjevi are economically important cyst nematodes that restrict production of cereal crops in the Pacific Northwest United States and elsewhere in the world. Identification of these two species is critical for recommending and implementing effective management practices. Primers were designed from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of H. avenae and H. filipjevi ribosomal DNA. The primers were highly specific when examined on target isolates but did not amplify DNA from nontarget Heterodera, Globodera, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, and other nematode species tested. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplification conditions were established, and H. avenae and H. filipjevi were clearly distinguished by PCR fragments of 242 and 170 bp, respectively. Robust PCR amplification was achieved with DNA extracted from a single egg or second-stage juvenile (J2) using a laboratory-made worm lysis buffer, and DNA from 0.5 egg or J2 using a commercial kit. The PCR assays were successfully employed for differentiation of H. filipjevi and H. avenae populations collected from eight locations in three Pacific Northwest states. This is the first report of a species-specific ITS PCR assay to detect and identify H. filipjevi. The assays for both species will enhance diagnosis of cereal cyst nematode species in infested fields. C1 [Yan, Guiping; Smiley, Richard W.] Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Okubara, Patricia A.] ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Skantar, Andrea M.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yan, GP (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM guiping.yan@oregonstate.edu FU Idaho Wheat Commission; Oregon Wheat Commission; Washington Grains Commission; Oregon State University [SCA 58-5348-9-100]; Agricultural Research Foundation [ARE 7136A]; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [SCA 58-5348-9-100] FX This research was supported by the Idaho Wheat Commission, Oregon Wheat Commission, and Washington Grains Commission; Oregon State University, Agricultural Research Foundation project ARE 7136A; and a subcontract between Oregon State University and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (SCA 58-5348-9-100, "Control of Root Diseases of Wheat and Barley"). We thank L. Waeyenberge and F. Toumi (Plant Sciences Unit-Crop Protection, Merelbeke, Belgium) and R. Rivoal (INRA, Rennes, France) for providing DNA standards of control specimens of Heterodera spp.; growers who allowed us to collect soil samples from their properties; scientists who assisted with collection of samples in Idaho (J. Marshall) and Washington (T. Paulitz); and Western Laboratories (Parma, ID) for providing discounted costs for cyst nematode enumeration services. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 97 IS 12 BP 1611 EP 1619 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0064-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 255GR UT WOS:000327227900014 ER PT J AU Patzek, LJ du Toit, LJ Paulitz, TC Jones, SS AF Patzek, L. J. du Toit, L. J. Paulitz, T. C. Jones, S. S. TI Stunting of Onion in the Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington Caused by Rhizoctonia spp. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ROOT-ROT; ANASTOMOSIS GROUPS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SOLANI AG-3; WINTER-WHEAT; PATHOGENICITY; SOIL; POTATO; TILLAGE; FUNGI AB During 2009 and 2010, 45 isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. were recovered from onion bulb crops in the semiarid Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington, in which patches of severely stunted onion plants developed following rotation with winter cereal cover crops. Characterization of isolates recovered from naturally infested soil and roots was performed by sequence analysis of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer region, with the majority of isolates (64%) identified as Rhizoctonia solani. In steam-pasteurized field soil, stunting of onion was caused by isolates of R. solani anastamosis groups (AGs) 2-1, 3, 4, and 8, as well as Waitea circinata var. circinata and binucleate Rhizoctonia AG E evaluated at 13 and 8 or 15 and 15 degrees C day and night temperatures, respectively, typical of spring planting conditions in the Columbia Basin. Isolates of R. solani AG 5 as well as binucleate AG A and I were nonpathogenic. The most virulent isolates belonged to AG 8, although an AG 3 and an AG E isolate were also highly virulent. Isolates of AG 2-1 and 3 caused moderate levels of disease, while isolates of AG 4 and W circinata var. circinata caused low levels of disease. Emergence was reduced by isolates of AG 2-1, 3, and E. When the various AGs were grown at temperatures of 5 to 30 degrees C, the relative growth rate of the Rhizoctonia isolates was not positively correlated with virulence on onion within an AG. C1 [Patzek, L. J.; Jones, S. S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Northwestern Washington Res & Extens Ctr, Mt Vernon, IA 98273 USA. [du Toit, L. J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Northwestern Washington Res & Extens Ctr, Mt Vernon, IA 98273 USA. [Paulitz, T. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP du Toit, LJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Northwestern Washington Res & Extens Ctr, Mt Vernon, IA 98273 USA. EM dutoit@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 FU Washington State University Agricultural Research Center; College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences FX This project was supported, in part, by the Washington State University Agricultural Research Center and the College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences. We thank M. Evans for help with data analysis, K, Schroeder for research support, and the grower-cooperators in the Columbia Basin for their support and cooperation in this project. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 97 IS 12 BP 1626 EP 1635 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-13-0385-RE PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 255GR UT WOS:000327227900016 ER PT J AU Munyaneza, JE Sengoda, VG Aguilar, E Bextine, BR McCue, KF AF Munyaneza, J. E. Sengoda, V. G. Aguilar, E. Bextine, B. R. McCue, K. F. TI First Report of 'Candidatus Liberibacter soIanacearum' Infecting Eggplant in Honduras. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID SOLANACEARUM C1 [Munyaneza, J. E.; Sengoda, V. G.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Aguilar, E.] Zamorano Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Bextine, B. R.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [McCue, K. F.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 97 IS 12 BP 1654 EP 1654 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-13-0641-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 255GR UT WOS:000327227900025 ER PT J AU Nelson, EV Fairweather, ML Ashiglar, SM Hanna, JW Klopfenstein, NB AF Nelson, E. V. Fairweather, M. L. Ashiglar, S. M. Hanna, J. W. Klopfenstein, N. B. TI First Report of the Armillaria Root Disease Pathogen, Armillaria gallica, on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in Arizona SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Nelson, E. V.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Fairweather, M. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Ashiglar, S. M.; Hanna, J. W.; Klopfenstein, N. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Nelson, EV (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, 200 East Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 97 IS 12 BP 1658 EP 1658 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-13-0450-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 255GR UT WOS:000327227900035 ER PT J AU Nam, J Nam, M Bae, H Lee, C Lee, BC Hammond, J Lim, HS AF Nam, Jiryun Nam, Moon Bae, Hanhong Lee, Cheolho Lee, Bong-Chun Hammond, John Lim, Hyoun-Sub TI AltMV TGB1 Nucleolar Localization Requires Homologous Interaction and Correlates with Cell Wall Localization Associated with Cell-to-Cell Movement SO PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE AltMV; homologous interaction; subcellular localization; TGB1 ID TRIPLE-GENE-BLOCK; PLANT-VIRUS MOVEMENT; STRIPE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; RNA-BINDING; TERMINAL REGION; PROTEIN; POTEXVIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; SUPPRESSION AB The Potexvirus Alternanthera mosaic virus (ARMY) has multifunctional triple gene block (TGB) proteins, among which our studies have focused on the properties of the TGB1 protein. The TGB1 of ARMY has functions including RNA binding, RNA silencing suppression, and cell-to-cell movement, and is known to form homologous interactions. The helicase domains of ARMY TGB1 were separately mutated to identify which regions are involved in homologous TGB1 interactions. The yeast two hybrid system and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) in planta were utilized to examine homologous interactions of the mutants. Helicase motif I of AltMV TGB1 was found to be critical to maintain homologous interactions. Mutations in the remaining helicase motifs did not inhibit TGB1 homologous interactions. In the absence of homologous interaction of TGB1, subcellular localization of helicase domain I mutants showed distinctively different patterns from that of WT TGB1. These results provide important information to study viral movement and replication of ARMY. C1 [Nam, Jiryun; Nam, Moon; Lim, Hyoun-Sub] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Nam, Jiryun] Biomed Sci, Dept Biosci 2, Taejon 305301, South Korea. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Gyongsan 712749, South Korea. [Lee, Cheolho] Seokyoung Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136704, South Korea. [Lee, Bong-Chun] RDA, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Crop Environm Res Div, Suwon 441100, South Korea. [Hammond, John] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hammond, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM John.Hammond@ars.usda.gov; hyounlim@cnu.ac.kr FU Next-Generation BioGreen 21 program, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ008063] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 program (No. PJ008063), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU KOREAN SOC PLANT PATHOLOGY PI SUWON PA NATIONAL INST AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, PLANT PATHOLOGY DIVISION, SUWON, 441-707, SOUTH KOREA SN 1598-2254 EI 2093-9280 J9 PLANT PATHOLOGY J JI Plant Pathol. J. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 29 IS 4 BP 454 EP 459 DI 10.5423/PPJ.NT.04.2013.0045 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 261VC UT WOS:000327691700013 PM 25288976 ER PT J AU Fissore, C Giardina, CP Kolka, RK AF Fissore, Cinzia Giardina, Christian P. Kolka, Randall K. TI Reduced substrate supply limits the temperature response of soil organic carbon decomposition SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Temperature sensitivity; Resistant C; Labile C; Substrate addition; Forest soils; Incubation; Q(10) ID THERMAL ADAPTATION; MATTER; SENSITIVITY; TURNOVER; RESPIRATION; CLIMATE; MODEL; STABILIZATION; ECOSYSTEMS; FEEDBACKS AB Controls on the decomposition rate of soil organic carbon (SOC), especially the more stable fraction of SOC, remain poorly understood, with implications for confidence in efforts to model terrestrial C balance under future climate. We investigated the role of substrate supply in the temperature sensitivity of SOC decomposition in laboratory incubations of coarse-textured North American soils sampled from paired native pine and hardwood forests located across a 20 degrees C gradient in mean annual temperature (MAT). In this study we show that for this wide range of forest soils, the supply of labile substrate, controlled through extended incubation and glucose additions, exerts a strong influence on the magnitude of SOC decomposition response to warming. When substrate supply was high, either in non-depleted soils or in soils first depleted of labile C through extended incubation but then amended with glucose, SOC decomposition rates responded to increased temperature with a mean Q(10) of 2.5. In contrast, for the depleted soils with no substrate added, SOC responded to varying temperature with a mean Q(10) of 1.4. Our laboratory study shows for upland forest soils that substrate supply can play a strong role in determining the temperature response of decomposing SOC. Previous studies have described the effect of substrate availability of temperature responses on soil respiration, but few have described the effect on decomposition of more stable SOC. Because substrate supply is likely to vary strongly - both spatially and temporally, these findings have important implications for SOC processing in natural systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fissore, Cinzia] Whittier Coll, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Whittier, CA 90608 USA. [Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, PSW Res Stn, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Fissore, C (reprint author), Whittier Coll, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, 13406 E Philadelphia St, Whittier, CA 90608 USA. EM cinzia.fissore@gmail.com; cgiardina@fs.fed.us; rkolka@fs.fed.us RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 FU Northern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; Michigan Technological University FX This research was supported by Northern Research Station and Pacific Southwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service, and Michigan Technological University. We thank J. Eikenberry for support on isotope analyses. We thank Dr. C. Trettin for collection of South Carolina soils, Dr. C. Barton for collection of Kentucky soils, and D. Giardina for collection of Colorado soils. NR 43 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 64 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 BP 306 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.09.007 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 253RT UT WOS:000327107700034 ER PT J AU Mago, R Verlin, D Zhang, P Bansal, U Bariana, H Jin, Y Ellis, J Hoxha, S Dundas, I AF Mago, Rohit Verlin, Dawn Zhang, Peng Bansal, Urmil Bariana, Harbans Jin, Yue Ellis, Jeffrey Hoxha, Sami Dundas, Ian TI Development of wheat-Aegilops speltoides recombinants and simple PCR-based markers for Sr32 and a new stem rust resistance gene on the 2S#1 chromosome SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; RACE TTKS; VIRULENCE; LINKAGE; AFRICA; BARLEY; LINES; SR24; UG99 AB Wheat- Aegilops speltoides recombinants carrying stem rust resistance genes Sr32 and SrAes1t effective against Ug99 and PCR markers for marker-assisted selection. Wild relatives of wheat are important resources for new rust resistance genes but underutilized because the valuable resistances are often linked to negative traits that prevent deployment of these genes in commercial wheats. Here, we report ph1b-induced recombinants with reduced alien chromatin derived from E.R. Sears' wheat-Aegilops speltoides 2D-2S#1 translocation line C82.2, which carries the widely effective stem rust resistance gene Sr32. Infection type assessments of the recombinants showed that the original translocation in fact carries two stem rust resistance genes, Sr32 on the short arm and a previously undescribed gene SrAes1t on the long arm of chromosome 2S#1. Recombinants with substantially shortened alien chromatin were produced for both genes, which confer resistance to stem rust races in the TTKSK (Ug99) lineage and representative races of all Australian stem rust lineages. Selected recombinants were back crossed into adapted Australian cultivars and PCR markers were developed to facilitate the incorporation of these genes into future wheat varieties. Our recombinants and those from several other labs now show that Sr32, Sr39, and SrAes7t on the short arm and Sr47 and SrAes1t on the long arm of 2S#1 form two linkage groups and at present no rust races are described that can distinguish these resistance specificities. C1 [Mago, Rohit; Ellis, Jeffrey] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Verlin, Dawn; Dundas, Ian] Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Zhang, Peng; Bansal, Urmil; Bariana, Harbans; Hoxha, Sami] Univ Sydney, Plant Breeding Inst Cobbitty, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. [Jin, Yue] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Mago, R (reprint author), CSIRO Plant Ind, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM rohit.mago@csiro.au RI Ellis, Jeffrey/A-1999-2010; Mago, Rohit/D-3927-2009 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 126 IS 12 BP 2943 EP 2955 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2184-8 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 259DE UT WOS:000327506800003 PM 23989672 ER PT J AU Motilal, LA Zhang, DP Mischke, S Meinhardt, LW Umaharan, P AF Motilal, Lambert A. Zhang, Dapeng Mischke, Sue Meinhardt, Lyndel W. Umaharan, Pathmanathan TI Microsatellite-aided detection of genetic redundancy improves management of the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Cocoa; Conservation management; Sibship; Core collection; Field genebank; Redundancy ID THEOBROMA-CACAO L.; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; CORE COLLECTIONS; GERMPLASM COLLECTION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; ALLELE FREQUENCIES; LARGE-SAMPLE; LINKAGE MAP AB Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), the tree from which cocoa butter and chocolate is derived, is conserved in field genebanks. The largest of these ex situ collections in the public domain is the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICG,T). Reduction of genetic redundancy is essential to improve the accuracy and efficiency of genebank management. This study examined the pedigree and genetic diversity in a subset of 387 accessions in this collection. Sibship reconstruction of this subset revealed 56 full-sib families nested within 189 half-sib families. Sixteen centers of interconnectivity were identified, which suggested a high level of genetic redundancy in the collection. Generally, consistent phylogenetic trees were obtained using different genetic distance measures. However, a principal coordinate analysis of the D (est) differentiation measure elicited the best representation of accession group clustering, and we recommend this approach when probing fine-scale genetic differentiation among cacao accessions. The composite genetic diversity of 414 cacao accessions was contained in a core set of 59 unique accessions. These results have significant implications in the conservation of genetic resources of the ICG,T and other cacao genebanks. The approach developed in this study is recommended as a strategy to curators in guiding conservation management practices of cacao and other similar ex situ genebanks. C1 [Motilal, Lambert A.; Umaharan, Pathmanathan] Univ W Indies, Cocoa Res Ctr, St Augustine, Trinidad, Trinid & Tobago. [Zhang, Dapeng; Mischke, Sue; Meinhardt, Lyndel W.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, SPCL, BARCW, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Motilal, LA (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Cocoa Res Ctr, St Augustine, Trinidad, Trinid & Tobago. EM lamotilal@yahoo.com FU Government of Trinidad; Tobago Research Development Fund FX Thanks to Ms. Alisha Omar-Ali for assisting with DNA extractions, Mr. Naresh Seegobin for computer support, and Ms. Zainab Ali and Mr. Kasey Gordon for data entry. Mr. Stephen Pinney is thanked for his assistance during the electrophoresis work. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for critiquing the manuscript. The research was made possible in part by a grant from the Government of Trinidad and Tobago Research Development Fund. NR 81 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2013 VL 9 IS 6 BP 1395 EP 1411 DI 10.1007/s11295-013-0645-5 PG 17 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 258ND UT WOS:000327465100002 ER PT J AU Chen, C Mitchell, SE Elshire, RJ Buckler, ES El-Kassaby, YA AF Chen, Charles Mitchell, Sharon E. Elshire, Robert J. Buckler, Edward S. El-Kassaby, Yousry A. TI Mining conifers' mega-genome using rapid and efficient multiplexed high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) SNP discovery platform SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Next-generation sequencing; Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS); SNP diversity; Conifers ID WHITE SPRUCE; LODGEPOLE PINE; SELECTION; PREDICTION; TREES; EVOLUTION; ACCURACY; TRAIT AB Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are revolutionizing both medical and biological research through generation of massive SNP data sets for identifying heritable genome variation underlying key traits, from rare human diseases to important agronomic phenotypes in crop species. We evaluated the performance of genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), one of the emerging NGS-based platforms, for genotyping two economically important conifer species, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and white spruce (Picea glauca). Both species have very large genomes (> 20,000 Mbp), are highly heterozygous, and lack reference sequences. From a small set (six accessions each) of independent replicated DNA samples and a 48-plex read depth, we obtained similar to 60,000 SNPs per species. After stringent filtering, we obtained 17,765 and 17,845 high-coverage SNPs without missing data for lodgepole pine and white spruce, respectively. Our results demonstrated that GBS is a robust and suitable method for genotyping conifers. The application of GBS to forest tree breeding and genomic selection is discussed. C1 [Chen, Charles] CIMMYT, Ctr Int Mejoramiento Maiz & Trigo, El Batan 56130, Texcoco, Mexico. [Mitchell, Sharon E.; Elshire, Robert J.; Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [El-Kassaby, Yousry A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Fac Forestry, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP El-Kassaby, YA (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Fac Forestry, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM y.el-kassaby@ubc.ca RI El-Kassaby, Yousry/K-9856-2016; OI El-Kassaby, Yousry/0000-0002-4887-8977; Elshire, Robert/0000-0003-1753-6920 FU Johnson's Family Forest Biotechnology Endowment; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada-Discovery; IRC FX This work was funded by the Johnson's Family Forest Biotechnology Endowment, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada-Discovery, and the IRC grants to YAK. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 68 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2013 VL 9 IS 6 BP 1537 EP 1544 DI 10.1007/s11295-013-0657-1 PG 8 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 258ND UT WOS:000327465100012 ER PT J AU Zhao, W Zhang, ZY Zsak, L Yu, QZ AF Zhao, Wei Zhang, Zhenyu Zsak, Laszlo Yu, Qingzhong TI Effects of the HN gene C-terminal extensions on the Newcastle disease virus virulence SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease virus; HN gene C-terminal extension; HN protein 45 amino acids extension; NDV virulence ID HEMAGGLUTININ-NEURAMINIDASE PROTEIN; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; FUSION PROTEIN; CLEAVAGE SITE; PATHOGENICITY; STRAINS; TROPISM; GLYCOPROTEINS; REPLICATION; DETERMINANT AB The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a multifunctional protein that has receptor recognition, neuraminidase, and fusion promotion activities. Sequence analysis revealed that the HN gene of many extremely low virulence NDV strains encodes a larger open-reading frame (616 amino acids, aa) with additional 45 aa at its C-terminus when compared with that (571 aa) of virulent NDV strains. Therefore, it has been suspected that the 45 aa extension at the C-terminus of the HN may affect the NDV virulence. In this study, we generated an NDV mesogenic strain Anhinga-based recombinant virus with an HN C-terminal extension of 45 aa (rAnh-HN-ex virus) using reverse genetics technology. The biological characterization of the recombinant virus showed that the rAnh-HN-ex virus had similar growth ability to its parental virus rAnh-wt both in embryonating chicken eggs and DF-1 cells. However, the pathogenicity of this recombinant virus in embryonating chicken eggs and day-old chickens decreased, as evidenced by a longer mean death time and lower intracerebral pathogenicity index when compared with the parental virus. This is consistent with our previous finding that the recombinant LaSota virus with a 45-aa extension at its HN C-terminal was attenuated in chickens and embryonating eggs. These results suggest that the HN protein C-terminal extension may contribute to the reduced virulence in some low virulence NDV strains. C1 [Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Zhenyu; Zsak, Laszlo; Yu, Qingzhong] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Zhang, Zhenyu] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. RP Yu, QZ (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM zw830424@yahoo.cn; Qingzhong.Yu@ars.usda.gov FU China Scholarship Council; USDA, ARS CRIS [6612-32000-067-00D] FX The authors wish to thank Xiuqin Xia and Fenglan Li for excellent technical assistance, the SEPRL sequencing facility personnel for nucleotide sequencing, and Patti Miller for critical reading of the manuscript. W. Zhao and Z. Zhang were sponsored by a scholarship from China Scholarship Council. This research was supported by USDA, ARS CRIS project 6612-32000-067-00D. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 EI 1572-994X J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD DEC PY 2013 VL 47 IS 3 BP 498 EP 504 DI 10.1007/s11262-013-0973-4 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 257QG UT WOS:000327399900013 PM 24037042 ER PT J AU Wu, WH Kasuga, T Xiong, XC Ma, D Fan, ZL AF Wu, Weihua Kasuga, Takao Xiong, Xiaochao Ma, Di Fan, Zhiliang TI Location and contribution of individual beta-glucosidase from Neurospora crassa to total beta-glucosidase activity SO ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cellular location; beta-Glucosidase; Cellulase; Neurospora crassa ID TRICHODERMA-REESEI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; BGL1 GENE; CELLULASE; DEGRADATION; INDUCTION; CELLOBIOSE; FAMILIES; FUNGI AB This study investigated the cellular location and the contribution of individual beta-glucosidase (BGL) to total BGL activity in Neurospora crassa. Among the seven bgl genes, bgl3, bgl5, and bgl7 were transcribed at basal levels, whereas bgl1, bgl2, bgl4, and bgl6 were significantly up-regulated when the wild-type strain was induced with cellulose (Avicel). BGL1 and BGL4 were found to be contributors to intracellular BGL activity, whereas the activities of BGL2 and BGL6 were mainly extracellular. Sextuple bgl deletion strains expressing one of the three basally transcribed bgls did not produce any detectable BGL activity when they were grown on Avicel. BGL6 is the major contributor to overall BGL activity, and most of its activity resides cell-bound. The sextuple bgl deletion strain containing only bgl6 utilized cellobiose at a rate similar to that of the wild type, while the strain with only bgl6 deleted utilized cellobiose much slower than that of the wild type. C1 [Wu, Weihua; Xiong, Xiaochao; Ma, Di; Fan, Zhiliang] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA USA. RP Fan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jzfan@ucdavis.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67009-20060] FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-67009-20060 from the USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The authors thank Professors Jean VanderGheynst and Rebecca Parales for the qPCR and nanodrop equipment support, and Dr. Edyta Szewczyk and Ms. Amanda Hildebrand for carefully reading through the manuscript. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0302-8933 EI 1432-072X J9 ARCH MICROBIOL JI Arch. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 195 IS 12 BP 823 EP 829 DI 10.1007/s00203-013-0931-5 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 253WS UT WOS:000327120700005 PM 24162785 ER PT J AU Riedell, WE Beckendorf, EA Catangui, MA AF Riedell, Walter E. Beckendorf, Eric A. Catangui, Michael A. TI Relationships between soybean shoot nitrogen components and soybean aphid populations SO ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Soybean aphid; Glycine max; Plant nitrogen components; Aphid populations ID NORTH-AMERICA; STEM EXUDATE; GLYCINE-MAX; UREIDE; FIXATION; INJURY; PLANTS; NUTRITION; NITRATE; YIELD AB Defining the relationships between soybean (Glycine max [L.] merr.) shoot nitrogen (N) components and soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) populations will increase understanding of the biology of this important insect pest. In this 2-year field study, caged soybean plants were infested with soybean aphids (initial infestation of 0, 10, 50, or 100 aphids plant(-1)) at the fifth node developmental stage. Soybean aphid populations, soybean shoot dry weight, and shoot concentrations of nitrate-N, ureide-N, and total N were measured starting at full bloom through full seed soybean development stages. Soybean aphid population as well as shoot concentration of ureide-N increased rapidly starting at full bloom, peaked at beginning seed, and dramatically decreased by full seed soybean reproductive stages. Regression analysis indicated significant relationships (P = 0.01; r = 0.71) between soybean aphid populations and shoot ureide-N concentration. Thus, soybean aphid population levels appear to coincide with shoot ureide-N concentrations in the soybean plant. C1 [Riedell, Walter E.; Beckendorf, Eric A.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Riedell, WE (reprint author), USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM walter.riedell@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1872-8855 EI 1872-8847 J9 ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTE JI Arthropod-Plant Interact. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 7 IS 6 BP 667 EP 676 DI 10.1007/s11829-013-9282-z PG 10 WC Ecology; Entomology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Entomology GA 253LI UT WOS:000327087100008 ER PT J AU Dri, FL Hector, LG Moon, RJ Zavattieri, PD AF Dri, Fernando L. Hector, Louis G., Jr. Moon, Robert J. Zavattieri, Pablo D. TI Anisotropy of the elastic properties of crystalline cellulose I-beta from first principles density functional theory with Van der Waals interactions SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Crystalline cellulose; Cellulose I beta; Density functional theory; Young's modulus ID SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; WAVE BASIS-SET; AB-INITIO; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; REGENERATED CELLULOSE; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; NATIVE CELLULOSE AB In spite of the significant potential of cellulose nanocrystals as functional nanoparticles for numerous applications, a fundamental understanding of the mechanical properties of defect-free, crystalline cellulose is still lacking. In this paper, the elasticity matrix for cellulose I-beta with hydrogen bonding network A was calculated using ab initio density functional theory with a semi-empirical correction for van der Waals interactions. The computed Young's modulus is found to be 206 GPa along [001] (c-axis), 98 GPa along [010] (b-axis), and 19 GPa along [100] (a-axis). Full compliance matrices are reported for 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 % applied strains Color contour surfaces that show variations of the Young's modulus and average Poisson's ratio with crystallographic direction revealed the extreme anisotropies of these important mechanical properties. The sensitivity of the elastic parameters to misalignments in the crystal were examined with 2D polar plots within selected planes containing specific bonding characteristics; these are used to explain the substantial variability in the reported experimental Young's moduli values. Results for the lattice directions [001], [010] and [100] are within the range of reported experimental and other numerical values. C1 [Dri, Fernando L.; Zavattieri, Pablo D.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hector, Louis G., Jr.] Gen Motors Res & Dev Ctr, Chem Sci & Mat Syst Lab, Warren, MI 48090 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zavattieri, PD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, 550 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM zavattie@purdue.edu FU Forest Products Laboratory under USDA [11-JV-11111129-086, 07-CR-11111120-093]; Purdue Research Foundation; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1131596] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the staff of the High Performance Computing Center at General Motors. Additional computational resources, networking, and support were provided by GM Information Systems and Services. R.J.M. and P.D.Z. are also grateful to financial support by the Forest Products Laboratory under USDA Grants: 11-JV-11111129-086, 07-CR-11111120-093, the Purdue Research Foundation and National Science Foundation through Grant No. CMMI-1131596. NR 60 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 EI 1572-882X J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD DEC PY 2013 VL 20 IS 6 BP 2703 EP 2718 DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0071-8 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 253XL UT WOS:000327123000005 ER PT J AU Piesik, D Delaney, KJ Wenda-Piesik, A Sendel, S Tabaka, P Buszewski, B AF Piesik, Dariusz Delaney, Kevin J. Wenda-Piesik, Anna Sendel, Sebastian Tabaka, Piotr Buszewski, Bogusaw TI Meligethes aeneus pollen-feeding suppresses, and oviposition induces, Brassica napus volatiles: beetle attraction/repellence to lilac aldehydes and veratrole SO CHEMOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oilseed rape; Canola; Volatile; Induction; Suppression; Pollen beetle ID NEIGHBORING UNINFECTED PLANTS; OILSEED RAPE; FLORAL SCENT; POSTPOLLINATION CHANGES; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; SILENE-LATIFOLIA; LEAF BEETLE; XANTHOGALERUCA-LUTEOLA; INSECT OVIPOSITION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS AB Insect pollination and pollen feeding can reduce plant volatile emissions and future insect floral attraction, with oviposition having different effects. Meligethes aeneus F. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), is a pollen-feeding pest beetle of oilseed rape, Brassica napus L. (Brassicaceae). We measured plant VOC emission over 72 h from two types of 24 h M. aeneus exposure to B. napus: pollen feeding vs. flower bud injury and oviposition. The most abundant constitutive volatile organic compounds (VOCs), lilac aldehydes A (LA A) & B (LA B) and veratrole (VER), had 30-40 % reductions from M. aeneus pollen-feeding exposure at 24 h and 50-90 % reductions by 72 h, with greater reductions after bud injury and oviposition. Linalool (LIN), a common herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV), emission did not change at 24 h, but was induced six- to sevenfold 48 h after both exposure treatments. By 72 h, LIN had even greater (tenfold) induction after bud injury and oviposition, but no induction from pollen feeding. Three common HIPVs (beta-caryophyllene, = beta CAR (E)-beta-farnesene = E beta FAR, and (Z)-beta-ocimene = Z beta OCI) were progressively induced up to 2.5-fold 72 h after floral bud injury and oviposition. We assayed M. aeneus adult behavioral responses to LA A and B, and VER. Both M. aeneus sexes were attracted to higher concentrations than single plant constitutive emission for these VOCs, but avoided much higher doses. Progressive LA A and B, and VER, emission reductions might help plants (e.g., B. napus) to avoid future interactions with pollen-feeding pest herbivores (e.g., M. aeneus). After bud injury and oviposition, HIPV induction could help plants deter future oviposition and/or attract natural enemies to deposited eggs. C1 [Piesik, Dariusz; Sendel, Sebastian] Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Appl Entomol, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Delaney, Kevin J.] USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Wenda-Piesik, Anna] Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Plant Growth Principles & Expt Methodol, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Tabaka, Piotr] Forest Dept Zoledowo, Osielsko, Poland. [Buszewski, Bogusaw] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Fac Chem, Chair Environm Chem & Bioanalyt, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. RP Piesik, D (reprint author), Univ Technol & Life Sci, Dept Appl Entomol, 20 Kordeckiego St, PL-85225 Bydgoszcz, Poland. EM piesik@utp.edu.pl RI Buszewski, Boguslaw/A-3187-2009 FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education [1648/B/P01/2010/39] FX This research was supported with funds provided by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (contract number 1648/B/P01/2010/39 entitled, "Effect of volatile organic compounds released by green and floral parts of Brassica napus on behavior of Meligethes aeneus F.". NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 39 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0937-7409 EI 1423-0445 J9 CHEMOECOLOGY JI Chemoecology PD DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 4 BP 241 EP 250 DI 10.1007/s00049-013-0138-x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250YW UT WOS:000326894100006 ER PT J AU Byers, JA Birgersson, G Francke, W AF Byers, John A. Birgersson, Goran Francke, Wittko TI Aggregation pheromones of bark beetles, Pityogenes quadridens and P-bidentatus, colonizing Scotch pine: olfactory avoidance of interspecific mating and competition SO CHEMOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pityogenes; Host selection; Mate selection; Scolytinae; Coleoptera; Pinus sylvestris; Semiochemicals; Bioassays ID BOLL-WEEVIL; IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS; FIELD ACTIVITY; IDENTIFICATION; COLEOPTERA; CHALCOGRAPHUS; SCOLYTIDAE; COMPONENTS; CURCULIONIDAE; FRACTIONATION AB The bark beetles Pityogenes bidentatus and Pityogenes quadridens (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) are sibling species that feed and reproduce in bark areas on branches of Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris. To identify aggregation pheromone components of both species, hindguts and head/thoraxes of males and females of both species feeding in hosts were extracted in pentane and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Hindguts of male P. bidentatus contained grandisol as the major component along with small amounts of (4S)-cis-verbenol and other monoterpenes. Dose-response bioassays in the laboratory showed the components were attractive at 0.2 ng/min to walking beetles from a distance of a parts per thousand yen25 cm. In the field in southern Sweden, grandisol and (4S)-cis-verbenol were weakly attractive alone when released at rates of 0.05 and 0.5 mg/day, respectively, from a slow-rotating trap pair. Catch increased 3.6- to 13-fold when the two components were released together. The male proportion of the catch was 0.8 early in the flight period, declined to 0.5 on the peak flight day, and then declined further during the next 2 weeks to 0.2 on the last day of the flight period. Hindguts of male P. quadridens contained (2S,5R)- and (2S,5S)-chalcogran, as well as (E)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol (E-grandlure 2) and E/Z-mixture of 2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)acetaldehyde (grandlures 3 and 4), while female hindguts had only a trace amount of chalcogran. Laboratory studies proved E-grandlure 2 is an essential pheromone component for P. quadridens. Field bioassays with a slow-rotating trap pair in which the attractiveness of blends containing various candidate components were compared with that of less complete mixtures, showed that chalcogran and E-grandlure 2 were synergistic aggregation pheromone components of P. quadridens. Field tests also showed that grandisol (from P. bidentatus) reduced attraction of P. quadridens to its aggregation pheromone, whereas E-grandlure 2 and chalcogran (from P. quadridens) reduced response of P. bidentatus to its aggregation pheromone. Our results suggest that aggregation pheromone components from males of each species not only attract conspecifics but also aid individuals in avoiding interspecific mating and competition for food and spatial resources within the bark phloem layer. C1 [Byers, John A.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Birgersson, Goran] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Francke, Wittko] Univ Hamburg, Inst Organ Chem, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. RP Byers, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM john.byers@ars.usda.gov; goeran.birgersson@slu.se; Francke@chemie.uni-hamburg.de FU Swedish Council for Forestry and Agricultural Research (SJFR) FX The study was supported by grants from the Swedish Council for Forestry and Agricultural Research (SJFR) to the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 45 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0937-7409 EI 1423-0445 J9 CHEMOECOLOGY JI Chemoecology PD DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 4 BP 251 EP 261 DI 10.1007/s00049-013-0139-9 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250YW UT WOS:000326894100007 ER PT J AU Barriga, PA Sloan, JV Porter, SD Sagers, CL AF Barriga, P. A. Sloan, J. V. Porter, S. D. Sagers, C. L. TI Stable isotope enrichment in laboratory ant colonies: effects of colony age, metamorphosis, diet, and fat storage SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Hymenoptera; isotope discrimination; Solenopsis invicta; Formicidae; Solenopsidini; metamorphic enrichment; carbon; nitrogen ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; FIRE ANT; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; TROPHIC ECOLOGY; FISH-TISSUES; FOOD-WEB; CARBON; DELTA-N-15; FRACTIONATION; DELTA-C-13 AB Ecologists use stable isotopes to infer diets and trophic levels of animals in food webs, yet some assumptions underlying these inferences have not been thoroughly tested. We used laboratory-reared colonies of Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Solenopsidini) to test the effects of metamorphosis, diet, and lipid storage on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios. Effects of metamorphosis were examined in ant colonies maintained on a control diet of domestic crickets and sucrose solution. Effects of a diet shift were evaluated by adding a tuna supplement to select colonies. Effects of lipid content on stable isotopes were tested by treating worker ants with polar and non-polar solvents. C-13 and N-15 values of larvae, pupae, and workers were measured by mass spectrometry on whole-animal preparations. We found a significant effect of colony age on C-13, but not N-15; larvae, pupae, and workers collected at 75days were slightly depleted in C-13 relative to collections at 15days (C-13=-0.27 parts per thousand). Metamorphosis had a significant effect on N-15, but not C-13; tissues of each successive developmental stage were increasingly enriched in N-15 (pupae, +0.5 parts per thousand; workers, +1.4 parts per thousand). Availability of tuna resulted in further shifts of about +0.6 parts per thousand in isotope ratios for all developmental stages. Removing fat with organic solvents had no effect on C-13, but treatment with a non-polar solvent resulted in enriched N-15 values of +0.37 parts per thousand. Identifying regular patterns of isotopic enrichment as described here should improve the utility of stable isotopes in diet studies of insects. Our study suggests that researchers using N-15 enrichment to assess trophic levels of an organism at different sites need to take care not to standardize with immature insect herbivores or predators at one site and mature ones at another. Similar problems may also exist when standardizing with holometabolous insects at one site and spiders or hemimetabolous insects at another site. C1 [Barriga, P. A.; Sloan, J. V.; Sagers, C. L.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Porter, S. D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Barriga, PA (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM paobarriga@gmail.com FU WWF's Russell E FX Funding for this project was provided by WWF's Russell E. Train Education for Nature Program and Sigma Xi Grants-in-Aid to PB. We acknowledge E Gbur, JL Hamrick, L Hart, S Lehnen, J Ludlam, G Petris, D Phillips, and J Stenken for discussion, comment, and advice, K Polansky for taking care of the colonies, our colleagues of the University of Arkansas Stable Isotope Laboratory for sample processing, and E LeBrun for peer review. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 149 IS 3 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1111/eea.12126 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 250HZ UT WOS:000326844400011 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JM Peterson, JA Lundgren, JG Harwood, JD AF Schmidt, Jason M. Peterson, Julie A. Lundgren, Jonathan G. Harwood, James D. TI Dietary supplementation with pollen enhances survival and Collembola boosts fitness of a web-building spider SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE adaptive foraging; Linyphiidae; generalist predator; non-prey resource; nutritional ecology; pollenivory; resource availability; Araneae; springtails; Mermessus fradeorum; Aphis craccivora; Sinella curviseta ID MIXED-SPECIES DIETS; GENERALIST PREDATOR; CORN POLLEN; MACULATA COLEOPTERA; NUTRIENT IMBALANCE; LINYPHIID SPIDERS; DIFFERENT QUALITY; ALTERNATIVE PREY; BODY CONDITION; FIELD AB Uncertainties exist about the value of non-prey food for predators that are commonly food-limited, and the dietary conditions where non-prey foods are beneficial for carnivorous species. Prior studies show that large quantities of pollen grains are intercepted in the webs of web-building spiders. We examined the nutritional benefits of pollen as a non-prey food for a common ground-dwelling, sheet web-building spider, Mermessus fradeorum (Berland) (Araneae: Linyphiidae). These predators were provided diets of prey or no prey in the presence and absence of pollen. Treatment effects were quantified by measuring predator body nutrient composition, survival, body size, and offspring production. Per unit dry weight, pollen had less nitrogen and lipids than prey, although relative quantities of these nutrients per meal were not measured. Dietary treatments altered the body tissue composition of the spiders, leading to the highest N content and lipid reserves in spiders provided with Collembola. Supplementing diets with pollen increased both juvenile and adult survival, and the greatest survivorship and offspring production was observed when spiders were provided diets of Collembola supplemented with pollen. Our results show that Collembola are high-quality prey for spiders and pollen has positive effects on nutritional status and survival of a carnivorous species. Foraging on plant material potentially promotes population growth at early and late developmental stages by supplementing diets of poor-quality prey, and preventing starvation when prey are scarce. C1 [Schmidt, Jason M.; Peterson, Julie A.; Harwood, James D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Schmidt, JM (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, S-225 Agr Sci Bldg North, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM jason.schmidt@uky.edu FU USDA-CSREES Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant [2006-39454-17446]; University of Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station State Project [KY008043]; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station [13-08-032] FX We thank Rebecca Wente for assistance in maintaining and feeding animals during the experiments. We also thank Elizabeth Carlisle and Jim Nelson for assistance with nutritional analysis, and Rebecca McCulley for providing laboratory space to conduct the nutritional analysis. We thank Jennifer White for aphid colonies and Ann Rypstra for providing Collembola colonies. This research was supported, in part, by USDA-CSREES Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant #2006-39454-17446 and the University of Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station State Project KY008043. The information reported in this paper (No. 13-08-032) is part of a project of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and is published with the approval of the Director. Mention of product information does not constitute endorsement by the USDA. NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 149 IS 3 BP 282 EP 291 DI 10.1111/eea.12132 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 250HZ UT WOS:000326844400013 ER PT J AU Hahn, DC Summers, SG Genovese, KJ He, HQ Kogut, MH AF Hahn, D. Caldwell Summers, Scott G. Genovese, Kenneth J. He, Haiqi Kogut, Michael H. TI Obligate Brood Parasites Show More Functionally Effective Innate Immune Responses: An Eco-immunological Hypothesis SO EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Host-parasite coevolution; Brood parasite; Cowbird; Degranulation; Eco-immunology; Parasite-mediated selection; Innate immunity; Oxidative burst ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; BROWN-HEADED COWBIRDS; LIFE-HISTORY; ECOLOGICAL IMMUNOLOGY; IN-VITRO; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; BIRDS; CHICKENS; EVOLUTION; DEFENSE AB Immune adaptations of obligate brood parasites attracted interest when three New World cowbird species (Passeriformes, Icteridae, genus Molothrus) proved unusually resistant to West Nile virus. We have used cowbirds as models to investigate the eco-immunological hypothesis that species in parasite-rich environments characteristically have enhanced immunity as a life history adaptation. As part of an ongoing program to understand the cowbird immune system, in this study we measured degranulation and oxidative burst, two fundamental responses of the innate immune system. Innate immunity provides non-specific, fast-acting defenses against a variety of invading pathogens, and we hypothesized that innate immunity experiences particularly strong selection in cowbirds, because their life history strategy exposes them to diverse novel and unpredictable parasites. We compared the relative effectiveness of degranulation and oxidative burst responses in two cowbird species and one related, non-parasitic species. Both innate immune defenses were significantly more functionally efficient in the two parasitic cowbird species than in the non-parasitic red-winged blackbird (Icteridae, Agelaius phoeniceus). Additionally, both immune defenses were more functionally efficient in the brown-headed cowbird (M. ater), an extreme host-generalist brood parasite, than in the bronzed cowbird (M. aeneus), a moderate host-specialist with lower exposure to other species and their parasites. Thus the relative effectiveness of these two innate immune responses corresponds to the diversity of parasites in the niche of each species and to their relative resistance to WNV. This study is the first use of these two specialized assays in a comparative immunology study of wild avian species. C1 [Hahn, D. Caldwell] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Summers, Scott G.] Nature Conservancy, Killeen, TX 76544 USA. [Genovese, Kenneth J.; He, Haiqi; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Hahn, DC (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM chahn@usgs.gov FU USGS-Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; USDA-ARS-Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center FX This work was supported in part by USGS-Patuxent Wildlife Research Center and by USDA-ARS-Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center. We thank The Nature Conservancy of Texas and Fort Hood for assistance. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We appreciate helpful comments on the manuscript from E. Hofmeister and 2 anonymous reviewers. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0071-3260 EI 1934-2845 J9 EVOL BIOL JI Evol. Biol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 40 IS 4 BP 554 EP 561 DI 10.1007/s11692-013-9231-x PG 8 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 253YN UT WOS:000327126200009 ER PT J AU Brown, SP Callaham, MA Oliver, AK Jumpponen, A AF Brown, Shawn P. Callaham, Mac A., Jr. Oliver, Alena K. Jumpponen, Ari TI Deep Ion Torrent sequencing identifies soil fungal community shifts after frequent prescribed fires in a southeastern US forest ecosystem SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fungi; Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine; lightless sequencing; prescribed fire; soil ID SCLEROPHYLL FOREST; RESISTANT PROPAGULES; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL; DIVERSITY; PRIMERS; TERM; SPECIFICITY; WILDFIRE; REVEAL AB Prescribed burning is a common management tool to control fuel loads, ground vegetation, and facilitate desirable game species. We evaluated soil fungal community responses to long-term prescribed fire treatments in a loblolly pine forest on the Piedmont of Georgia and utilized deep Internal Transcribed Spacer Region 1 (ITS1) amplicon sequencing afforded by the recent Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM). These deep sequence data (19000+ reads per sample after subsampling) indicate that frequent fires (3-year fire interval) shift soil fungus communities, whereas infrequent fires (6-year fire interval) permit system resetting to a state similar to that without prescribed fire. Furthermore, in nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses, primarily ectomycorrhizal taxa were correlated with axes associated with long fire intervals, whereas soil saprobes tended to be correlated with the frequent fire recurrence. We conclude that (1) multiplexed Ion Torrent PGM analyses allow deep cost effective sequencing of fungal communities but may suffer from short read lengths and inconsistent sequence quality adjacent to the sequencing adaptor; (2) frequent prescribed fires elicit a shift in soil fungal communities; and (3) such shifts do not occur when fire intervals are longer. Our results emphasize the general responsiveness of these forests to management, and the importance of fire return intervals in meeting management objectives. C1 [Brown, Shawn P.; Oliver, Alena K.; Jumpponen, Ari] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Callaham, Mac A., Jr.] ARS, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. RP Brown, SP (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, 421 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM spbrown1@k-state.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service [11-CA-11330136-126]; US Department of Education GAANN FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Cooperative Agreement 11-CA-11330136-126 to A.J. Additional support was provided by US Department of Education GAANN Fellowship. We would like to thank Evelyn Wenk for coordinating the sampling and Dave Long and Sara Ahmed at Cofactor Genomics for assistance during sequencing, and Kale Lothamer for his assistance with extractions. The use of trade names in this contribution does not constitute official endorsement of these products by the United States Department of Agriculture or any of its subsidiary agencies. We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions strengthening this work. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 82 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0168-6496 EI 1574-6941 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 86 IS 3 BP 557 EP 566 DI 10.1111/1574-6941.12181 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 251VQ UT WOS:000326960000015 PM 23869991 ER PT J AU Adams, SB AF Adams, Susan B. TI Effects of small impoundments on downstream crayfish assemblages SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dams; impoundments; crayfish; streams; assemblage structure; habitat; Mississippi; seasonality ID UNITED-STATES; SMALL DAMS; STREAM; RIVER; FISH; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE; HABITATS; BEHAVIOR; ALABAMA AB Dams and impoundments, both large and small, affect downstream physicochemical characteristics and up- and downstream biotic communities. I tested whether small dams and their impoundments altered downstream crayfish assemblages in northern Mississippi. I sampled crayfish and measured physicochemical variables at 4 sites downstream of impoundments (outlet sites) and 4 sites not influenced by impoundments (undammed sites) in August, September, and November 2004. In November 2010, I sampled 7 undammed, 6 outlet, and 3 intermediate sites (influenced by beaver activity or,1 km downstream of an impoundment). Crayfish assemblages differed between undammed and outlet sites. Catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of Orconectes (Trisellescens) sp. was higher in undammed than outlet sites in both years. Procambarus (Pennides) spp. CPUE was lower in undammed than outlet sites in November 2010 and nearly so in November 2004. In 2004, Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi was common in autumn at outlet sites but virtually absent from undammed sites, but in 2010, P. hayi CPUE did not differ between categories. Cambarus striatus CPUE, which was low overall, did not differ between categories in 2004 but was higher in undammed sites in 2010. Seasonal differences among taxa in reproductive timing were important to understanding impoundment effects. The most consistent difference in habitat was that undammed sites had significantly higher width: depth ratios than did outlet sites. Based on the number of mapped small impoundments and a conservative estimate that each impoundment influenced crayfish assemblages over 2 km, I estimated that impoundments probably affect crayfish assemblages in >284 km of stream in the upper Little Tallahatchie River subbasin. Extrapolated to the entire Gulf Coastal Plain, impoundments may influence crayfish assemblages over thousands of stream kilometers. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Adams, SB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM sadams01@fs.fed.us RI Adams, Susan/C-3559-2008 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1318 EP 1332 DI 10.1899/12-161.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 251LJ UT WOS:000326930000023 ER PT J AU Chang, CL Cho, IK Li, QX Manoukis, NC Vargas, RI AF Chang, Chiou Ling Cho, Il Kyu Li, Qing X. Manoukis, Nicholas C. Vargas, Roger I. TI A potential field suppression system for Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel SO JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Basil oil; Tephritid fruit fly; Fruit fly trap; Insect control; Insect management; Methyl eugenol ID CUCURBITAE DIPTERA TEPHRITIDAE; ESSENTIAL OILS; METHYL EUGENOL; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; MALE ANNIHILATION; SWEET BASIL; LURE; INSECTICIDE; DISPENSERS; TOXICITY AB Development of an effective and safe detection or control system is important for pest management. Attractants for male fruit flies, e.g., methyl eugenol (ME), are currently being used in fruit fly control in combination with insecticides. A single formulation that possesses both attraction and killing properties would improve control methods and cost effectiveness. We previously observed the attraction of oriental fruit flies to a basil plant in a yard and confirmed the attraction of male fruit flies to basil oil (BO) in the laboratory. Subsequently, we identified insecticidal compounds from BO that killed three species of tephritid fruit flies in the laboratory, and we also discovered physiological interactions between BO constituents and male attractants. Based on these observations, we developed a single package of basil oil and methyl eugenol (BO + ME) formulation that possesses "attract and kill" properties in combination with a modified AWPM standard trap for field application. The effectiveness of this system is dependent on the type of trap and weather conditions (sunny or not sunny). Any attracted flies were killed within 2 h after entering the BO + ME trap. The combination of BO, ME, and a clear bucket trap may be a novel alternative for a cost effective and environmentally friendly fruit fly management system. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection Society. C1 [Chang, Chiou Ling; Manoukis, Nicholas C.; Vargas, Roger I.] US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Cho, Il Kyu; Li, Qing X.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Chang, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS PBARC, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM Stella.Chang@ars.usda.gov OI Manoukis, Nicholas/0000-0001-5062-7256 FU USDA-ARS [58-5320-8-410] FX We thank MaryAnn Villalun, Samuel Haddox and Stephanie Gayle for their assistance on the field and computer data collection. Special appreciation also goes to Dr. Francis Zee who allowed us to use the orchard field located on Waiakea Experimental Station in Hilo, Hawaii; Peter Cook from Farma Tech to spare a TMR lure to test, Russell Ijima and Steven Souder for their technical support. This work was funded in part by the USDA-ARS cooperative agreement 58-5320-8-410 (QXL). Opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 30 PU KOREAN SOC APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY PI SUWON PA NATL INST AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, DIVISION ENTOMOLOGY, RDA, 249 SEODUN-DONG, SUWON, 441-707, SOUTH KOREA SN 1226-8615 EI 1876-7990 J9 J ASIA-PAC ENTOMOL JI J. Asia-Pac. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.1016/j.aspen.2013.08.006 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 252ZY UT WOS:000327052600029 ER PT J AU Sun, C VanRaden, PM O'Connell, JR Weigel, KA Gianola, D AF Sun, C. VanRaden, P. M. O'Connell, J. R. Weigel, K. A. Gianola, D. TI Mating programs including genomic relationships and dominance effects SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE mating program; genomic relationship; dominance; genotype ID RELATIONSHIP MATRIX; MATE SELECTION; FULL PEDIGREE; INFORMATION; MODELS; HOLSTEINS; ALGORITHM; PROGENY; CATTLE AB Computerized mating programs using genomic information are needed by breed associations, artificial-insemination organizations, and on-farm software providers, but such software is already challenged by the size of the relationship matrix. As of October 2012, over 230,000 Holsteins obtained genomic predictions in North America. Efficient methods of storing, computing, and transferring genomic relationships from a central database to customers via a web query were developed for approximately 165,000 genotyped cows and the subset of 1,518 bulls whose semen was available for purchase at that time. This study, utilizing 3 breeds, investigated differences in sire selection, methods of assigning mates, the use of genomic or pedigree relationships, and the effect of including dominance effects in a mating program. For both Jerseys and Holsteins, selection and mating programs were tested using the top 50 marketed bulls for genomic and traditional lifetime net merit as well as 50 randomly selected bulls. The 500 youngest genotyped cows in the largest herd in each breed were assigned mates of the same breed with limits of 10 cows per bull and 1 bull per cow (only 79 cows and 8 bulls for Brown Swiss). A dominance variance of 4.1 and 3.7% was estimated for Holsteins and Jerseys using 45,187 markers and management group deviation for milk yield. Sire selection was identified as the most important component of improving expected progeny value, followed by managing inbreeding and then inclusion of dominance. The respective percentage gains for milk yield in this study were 64, 27, and 9, for Holsteins and 73, 20, and 7 for Jerseys. The linear programming method of assigning a mate outperformed sequential selection by reducing genomic or pedigree inbreeding by 0.86 to 1.06 and 0.93 to 1.41, respectively. Use of genomic over pedigree relationship information provided a larger decrease in expected progeny inbreeding and thus greater expected progeny value. Based on lifetime net merit, the economic value of using genomic relationships was >$3 million per year for Holsteins when applied to all genotyped females, assuming that each will provide 1 replacement. Previous mating programs required transferring only a pedigree file to customers, but better service is possible by incorporating genomic relationships, more precise mate allocation, and dominance effects. Economic benefits will continue to grow as more females are genotyped. C1 [Sun, C.] Natl Assoc Anim Breeders, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. [VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [O'Connell, J. R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Weigel, K. A.; Gianola, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sun, C (reprint author), Natl Assoc Anim Breeders, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. EM Chuanyu.Sun@ars.usda.gov FU NIH [U01 HL084756]; National Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Washington, DC) [2007-35205-17883] FX The MMAP software was supported by funding from NIH grant U01 HL084756 and National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2007-35205-17883 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Washington, DC). NR 29 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 96 IS 12 BP 8014 EP 8023 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-6969 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 253TR UT WOS:000327112700061 PM 24119810 ER PT J AU Stillman, S Zeng, XB Shuttleworth, WJ Goodrich, DC Unkrich, CL Zreda, M AF Stillman, Susan Zeng, Xubin Shuttleworth, William J. Goodrich, David C. Unkrich, Carl L. Zreda, Marek TI Spatiotemporal Variability of Summer Precipitation in Southeastern Arizona SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Monsoons; Precipitation; Interannual variability; Multidecadal variability; Trends ID PACIFIC AB The Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) in southeastern Arizona covers similar to 150 km(2) and receives the majority of its annual precipitation from highly variable and intermittent summer storms during the North American monsoon. In this study, the patterns of precipitation in the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) 88-rain-gauge network are analyzed for July through September from 1956 to 2011. Because small-scale convective systems generate most of this summer rainfall, the total (T), intensity (I), and frequency (F) exhibit high spatial and temporal variability. Although subsidiary periods may have apparent trends, no significant trends in T, I, and F were found for the study period as a whole. Observed trends in the spatial coverage of storms change sign in the late 1970s, and the multidecadal variation in I and spatial coverage of storms have statistically significant correlation with the Pacific decadal oscillation and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation indices. Precipitation has a pronounced diurnal cycle with the highest T and F occurring between 1500 and 2200 LT, and its average fractional coverage over 2- and 12-h periods is less than 40% and 60% of the gauges, respectively. Although more gauges are needed to estimate area-averaged daily precipitation, 5-11 gauges can provide a reasonable estimate of the area-averaged monthly total precipitation during the period from July through September. C1 [Stillman, Susan; Zeng, Xubin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Shuttleworth, William J.; Zreda, Marek] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Goodrich, David C.; Unkrich, Carl L.] ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Stillman, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Phys Atmospher Sci Bldg,Rm 542,1118 E 4th St,POB, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sstill88@email.arizona.edu OI Zeng, Xubin/0000-0001-7352-2764 FU NSF [AGS-0838491, EF-1238908] FX All the instruments used in this research are owned and operated by USDA-ARS: the precipitation data used were obtained from the organization's website (http://www.tucson.ars.ag.gov/dap/), and we express our sincere thanks to the staff of the USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center for their effort and dedication in producing the long-term, high-quality data set used in this analysis. This research was supported by NSF (AGS-0838491 for the COSMOS project; EF-1238908 for the macrosystems project). NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1944 EP 1951 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-017.1 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 255QF UT WOS:000327254200018 ER PT J AU Selhub, J Byun, A Liu, ZH Mason, JB Bronson, RT Crott, JW AF Selhub, Jacob Byun, Alexander Liu, Zhenhua Mason, Joel B. Bronson, Roderick T. Crott, Jimmy W. TI Dietary vitamin B-6 intake modulates colonic inflammation in the IL10(-/-) model of inflammatory bowel disease SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Pyridoxal 5 ' phosphate; Shingosine 1 phosphate; Inflammation; Colitis; Colon ID INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; TRYPTOPHAN CATABOLISM; INDUCED COLITIS; MICE; INTERFERON; PLASMA; INHIBITION; FTY720; GAMMA AB Pyridoxal-5-phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B-6, is a cofactor for over 140 biochemical reactions. Although severe vitamin B-6 deficiency is rare, mild inadequacy [plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) <20 nmol/L] is observed in 19-27% of the US population. Plasma PLP concentrations are inversely related to markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein. Furthermore, plasma PLP is diminished in those with inflammatory conditions and, in the case of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), more so in those with active versus quiescent disease. Restricting B-6 intake attenuates IBD pathology in mice; however, the effects of supplementation are unclear. We therefore sought to determine the effects of mild inadequacy and moderate supplementation of B-6 on the severity of colonic inflammation. Weanling IL-10(-/-) (positive for Helicobacter hepaticus) mice were fed diets containing 0.5 (deficient), 6.0 (replete) or 24 (supplemented) mg/kg pyridoxine HCl for 12 weeks and then assessed for histological and molecular markers of colonic inflammation. Both low and high plasma PLP were associated with a significant suppression of molecular (TNF alpha, IL-6, IFN-gamma, COX-2 and iNOS expression) and histological markers of inflammation in the colon. PLP is required for the breakdown of sphingosine 1-phosphate (SIP), a chemotactic lipid, by SIP lyase. Colonic concentrations of SIP and PLP were significantly and inversely correlated. If confirmed, vitamin B-6 supplementation may offer an additional tool for the management of IBD. Although B-6 is required in dozens of reactions, its role in the breakdown of SIP may explain the biphasic relationship observed between PLP and inflammation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Byun, Alexander; Liu, Zhenhua; Mason, Joel B.; Crott, Jimmy W.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Liu, Zhenhua] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nutr, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Bronson, Roderick T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Rodent Histopathol Core, Boston, MA USA. RP Crott, JW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jimmy.crott@tufts.edu FU NIH [5-K05-CA100048-05]; Prevent Cancer Foundation; US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX This work was supported by grants from the NIH (J.B.M 5-K05-CA100048-05) and Prevent Cancer Foundation (Z.L). This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 EI 1873-4847 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 24 IS 12 BP 2138 EP 2143 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.08.005 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 256DK UT WOS:000327289700015 PM 24183308 ER PT J AU Lin, JT Chen, GQ AF Lin, Jiann-Tsyh Chen, Grace Q. TI Identification of TAG and DAG and their FA Constituents in Lesquerella (Physaria fendleri) Oil by HPLC and MS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Hydroxy fatty acids; Di- and triacylglycerols; Lesquerella oil; Mass spectrometry; Lesquerella fendleri; Physaria fendleri ID IONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FATTY-ACIDS; CASTOR-OIL; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; SEED OIL; ACYLGLYCEROLS; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; TRANSFORMATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; ESTOLIDES AB Castor oil has many industrial uses because of its high content (90 %) of the hydroxy fatty acid, ricinoleic acid (OH(12)18:1(9)). Lesquerella oil containing lesquerolic acid (Ls, OH(14)20:1(11)) is potentially useful in industry. Ten molecular species of diacylglycerols and 74 molecular species of triacylglycerols in lesquerella (Physaria fendleri) oil were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry as lithium adducts of acylglycerols in the HPLC fractions of lesquerella oil. Among them were: LsLsO, LsLsLn, LsLsL, LsLn-OH20:2, LsO-OH20:2 and LsL-OH20:2. The structures of the four new hydroxy fatty acid constituents of acylglycerols were proposed by the MS of the lithium adducts of fatty acids as (comparing to those in castor oil): OH(12)18:2(9,14) (OH(12)18:2(9,13) in castor oil), OH(12)18:3(9,14,16) (OH18:3 not detected in castor oil), diOH(12,13)18:2(9,14) (diOH(11,12)18:2(9,13) in castor oil) and diOH(13,14)20:1(11) (diOH20:1 not detected in castor oil, diOH(11,12)18:1(9) in castor oil). Trihydroxy fatty acids were not detected in lesquerella oil. The differences in the structures of these C18 hydroxy fatty acids between lesquerella and castor oils indicated that the polyhydroxy fatty acids were biosynthesized and were not the result of autoxidation products. C1 [Lin, Jiann-Tsyh; Chen, Grace Q.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Lin, JT (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jiann.lin@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X EI 1558-9331 J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 90 IS 12 BP 1819 EP 1829 DI 10.1007/s11746-013-2313-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 253KE UT WOS:000327083400006 ER EF