FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Jiang, WX Beier, RC Wang, ZH Wu, YN Shen, JZ AF Jiang, Wenxiao Beier, Ross C. Wang, Zhanhui Wu, Yongning Shen, Jianzhong TI Simultaneous Screening Analysis of 3-Methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic Acid and Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic Acid Residues in Edible Animal Tissues by a Competitive Indirect Immunoassay SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid; quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid; ELISA; food safety; immunoassay ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METHYL-3-QUINOXALINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID; RAPID DETECTION; METABOLITES; OLAQUINDOX; CARBADOX; VALIDATION; ANTIBODY; IDENTIFICATION AB Immunoassays contribute greatly to food safety. Yet there are no reported immunoassays that simultaneously detect MQCA and QCA, the marker residues for olaquindox and carbadox, respectively. Here, a broad-specificity mAb was successfully produced, and the mAb showed good cross-reactivity with both MQCA and QCA, having IC50 values in buffer of 4.8 and 9.6 ng/mL, respectively. The calibration curves ranged from 0.3 to 81 mu g/kg. The average recoveries ranged from 76% to 108% at different spiked levels (2, 4, and 8 mu g/kg for MQCA; and 4, 10, and 20 mu g/kg for QCA), and the intra-/interday coefficients of variation were 4.2-13.3%. The limits of detection of MQCA and QCA in chicken, fish, pork, and shrimp were 1.76, 1.32, 1.90, and 1.18 mu g/kg, respectively. This method was verified by LC-MS/MS, with a correlation coefficient above 0.98. The immunoassay was rapid and reliable for simultaneous screening analysis of MQCA and QCA residues. C1 [Jiang, Wenxiao; Wang, Zhanhui; Shen, Jianzhong] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Wu, Yongning] China Natl Ctr Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. RP Shen, JZ (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM sjz@cau.edu.cn OI Wang, Zhanhui/0000-0002-0167-9559; Jiang, Wenxiao/0000-0003-2443-7648 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31372475]; Trans-Century Training Program Foundation for the Talents by the Ministry of Education [NCET-12-0529]; National Science & Technology Pillar Program [2011BAK10B01, 2012BAK17B00] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31372475), the Trans-Century Training Program Foundation for the Talents by the Ministry of Education (NCET-12-0529), and the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the twelfth Five-Year Plan Period (nos. 2011BAK10B01, 2012BAK17B00). NR 42 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 23 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 42 BP 10018 EP 10025 DI 10.1021/jf4037497 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 242BS UT WOS:000326213000006 PM 24090030 ER PT J AU Unlu, I Farajollahi, A Strickman, D Fonseca, DM AF Unlu, Isik Farajollahi, Ary Strickman, Daniel Fonseca, Dina M. TI Crouching Tiger, Hidden Trouble: Urban Sources of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Refractory to Source-Reduction SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; TIRE-BREEDING MOSQUITOS; INSECT-GROWTH-REGULATOR; CULEX-PIPIENS DIPTERA; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NEW-JERSEY; GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; PUPAL SURVEY AB Our ultimate objective is to design cost-effective control strategies for Aedes albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito, an important urban nuisance and disease vector that expanded worldwide during the last 40 years. We conducted mosquito larval surveys from May through October 2009 in the City of Trenton, New Jersey, USA, while performing intensive monthly source-reduction campaigns that involved removing, emptying, or treating all accessible containers with larvicides and pupicides. We examined patterns of occurrence of Ae. albopictus and Culex pipiens, another urban mosquito, among different container types by comparing observed and expected number of positive containers of each type. Expected use was based on the relative frequency of each container type in the environment. Aedes albopictus larvae and pupae were found significantly more often than expected in medium volumes of water in buckets and plant saucers but were rarely collected in small volumes of water found in trash items such as discarded cups and cans. They were also absent from large volumes of water such as in abandoned swimming pools and catch basins, although we consistently collected Cx. pipiens from those habitats. The frequency of Ae. albopictus in tires indicated rapid and extensive use of these ubiquitous urban containers. Standard larval-based indices did not correlate with adult catches in BG-Sentinel traps, but when based only on Ae. albopictus key containers (buckets, plant saucers, equipment with pockets of water, and tires) they did. Although we found that only 1.2% of the 20,039 water-holding containers examined contained immature Ae. albopictus (5.3% if only key containers were counted), adult populations were still above nuisance action thresholds six times during the 2009 mosquito season. We conclude that in urban New Jersey, effective source reduction for Ae. albopictus control will require scrupulous and repeated cleaning or treatment of everyday use containers and extensive homeowner collaboration. C1 [Unlu, Isik; Farajollahi, Ary; Fonseca, Dina M.] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Unlu, Isik; Farajollahi, Ary] Mercer Cty Mosquito Control, West Trenton, NJ USA. [Strickman, Daniel] ARS, USDA, Off Natl Programs, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Fonseca, DM (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. EM dinafons@rci.rutgers.edu OI Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100 FU USDA; Rutgers University [USDA-ARS-58-6615-8-105] FX This work was funded by a cooperative Agreement between USDA and Rutgers University (USDA-ARS-58-6615-8-105) entitled "Area-wide Pest Management Program for the Asian Tiger Mosquito in New Jersey." The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 22 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR UNSP e77999 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077999 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239OF UT WOS:000326034500053 PM 24167593 ER PT J AU Shen, D Sun, HH Huang, MY Zheng, Y Qiu, Y Li, XX Fei, ZJ AF Shen, Di Sun, Honghe Huang, Mingyun Zheng, Yi Qiu, Yang Li, Xixiang Fei, Zhangjun TI Comprehensive analysis of expressed sequence tags from cultivated and wild radish (Raphanus spp.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Radish; EST; SNP; SSR; Comparative analysis; Whole genome duplication; Phylogenetic relationship ID MOLECULAR EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; MULTIPLE ORIGINS; BRASSICA-NAPUS; SSR MARKERS; LINKAGE MAP; SATIVUS L.; GENOME AB Background: Radish (Raphanus sativus L., 2n = 2x = 18) is an economically important vegetable crop worldwide. A large collection of radish expressed sequence tags (ESTs) has been generated but remains largely uncharacterized. Results: In this study, approximately 315,000 ESTs derived from 22 Raphanus cDNA libraries from 18 different genotypes were analyzed, for the purpose of gene and marker discovery and to evaluate large-scale genome duplication and phylogenetic relationships among Raphanus spp. The ESTs were assembled into 85,083 unigenes, of which 90%, 65%, 89% and 89% had homologous sequences in the GenBank nr, SwissProt, TrEMBL and Arabidopsis protein databases, respectively. A total of 66,194 (78%) could be assigned at least one gene ontology (GO) term. Comparative analysis identified 5,595 gene families unique to radish that were significantly enriched with genes related to small molecule metabolism, as well as 12,899 specific to the Brassicaceae that were enriched with genes related to seed oil body biogenesis and responses to phytohormones. The analysis further indicated that the divergence of radish and Brassica rapa occurred approximately 8.9-14.9 million years ago (MYA), following a whole-genome duplication event (12.8-21.4 MYA) in their common ancestor. An additional whole-genome duplication event in radish occurred at 5.1-8.4 MYA, after its divergence from B. rapa. A total of 13,570 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 28,758 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also identified. Using a subset of SNPs, the phylogenetic relationships of eight different accessions of Raphanus was inferred. Conclusion: Comprehensive analysis of radish ESTs provided new insights into radish genome evolution and the phylogenetic relationships of different radish accessions. Moreover, the radish EST sequences and the associated SSR and SNP markers described in this study represent a valuable resource for radish functional genomics studies and breeding. C1 [Shen, Di; Qiu, Yang; Li, Xixiang] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Shen, Di; Sun, Honghe; Huang, Mingyun; Zheng, Yi; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sun, Honghe] Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Li, XX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM lee0612@sina.com.cn; zf25@cornell.edu RI Zheng, Yi/F-6150-2016 OI Zheng, Yi/0000-0002-8042-7770 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0923312]; National High-tech R&D Program of China [2012AA021801]; National Science & Technology Pillar Program of China [2013BAD01B04] FX We thank Prof. Jocelyn Rose for his critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by National Science Foundation (IOS-0923312), the National High-tech R&D Program of China (2012AA021801) and the National Science & Technology Pillar Program of China during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (2013BAD01B04). NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 21 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 721 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-721 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 274VJ UT WOS:000328634000001 PM 24144082 ER PT J AU Fahlgren, N Bollmann, SR Kasschau, KD Cuperus, JT Press, CM Sullivan, CM Chapman, EJ Hoyer, JS Gilbert, KB Grunwald, NJ Carrington, JC AF Fahlgren, Noah Bollmann, Stephanie R. Kasschau, Kristin D. Cuperus, Josh T. Press, Caroline M. Sullivan, Christopher M. Chapman, Elisabeth J. Hoyer, J. Steen Gilbert, Kerrigan B. Gruenwald, Niklaus J. Carrington, James C. TI Phytophthora Have Distinct Endogenous Small RNA Populations That Include Short Interfering and microRNAs SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PARAMECIUM-TETRAURELIA; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; PLANT MICRORNAS; MOUSE OOCYTES; PIWI PROTEIN; INFESTANS; PATHOGEN AB In eukaryotes, RNA silencing pathways utilize 20-30-nucleotide small RNAs to regulate gene expression, specify and maintain chromatin structure, and repress viruses and mobile genetic elements. RNA silencing was likely present in the common ancestor of modern eukaryotes, but most research has focused on plant and animal RNA silencing systems. Phytophthora species belong to a phylogenetically distinct group of economically important plant pathogens that cause billions of dollars in yield losses annually as well as ecologically devastating outbreaks. We analyzed the small RNA-generating components of the genomes of P. infestans, P. sojae and P. ramorum using bioinformatics, genetic, phylogenetic and high-throughput sequencing-based methods. Each species produces two distinct populations of small RNAs that are predominantly 21- or 25-nucleotides long. The 25-nucleotide small RNAs were primarily derived from loci encoding transposable elements and we propose that these small RNAs define a pathway of short-interfering RNAs that silence repetitive genetic elements. The 21-nucleotide small RNAs were primarily derived from inverted repeats, including a novel microRNA family that is conserved among the three species, and several gene families, including Crinkler effectors and type III fibronectins. The Phytophthora microRNA is predicted to target a family of amino acid/auxin permeases, and we propose that 21-nucleotide small RNAs function at the post-transcriptional level. The functional significance of microRNA-guided regulation of amino acid/auxin permeases and the association of 21-nucleotide small RNAs with Crinkler effectors remains unclear, but this work provides a framework for testing the role of small RNAs in Phytophthora biology and pathogenesis in future work. C1 [Fahlgren, Noah; Hoyer, J. Steen; Gilbert, Kerrigan B.; Carrington, James C.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Fahlgren, Noah; Kasschau, Kristin D.; Cuperus, Josh T.; Sullivan, Christopher M.; Chapman, Elisabeth J.; Carrington, James C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bollmann, Stephanie R.; Press, Caroline M.; Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Grunwald, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. EM nik.grunwald@ars.usda.gov; JCarrington@danforthcenter.org RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; Carrington, James/A-4656-2012; Fahlgren, Noah/D-4404-2011; OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Carrington, James/0000-0003-3572-129X; Fahlgren, Noah/0000-0002-5597-4537; Hoyer, John Steen/0000-0002-1338-8900; Gilbert, Kerrigan/0000-0002-7164-5821; Press, Caroline/0000-0003-4741-9776 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35600-18780]; US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Sudden Oak Death research program; National Science Foundation [MCB-1231726]; National Institutes of Health [AI043288] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program grant 2008-35600-18780 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to NJG and JCC, the US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Sudden Oak Death research program to NJG, and the National Science Foundation grant MCB-1231726 and the National Institutes of Health grant AI043288 to JCC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 94 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 33 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 21 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e77181 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077181 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239NN UT WOS:000326032600024 PM 24204767 ER PT J AU Subramaniam, S Preeyanon, L Cheng, HH AF Subramaniam, Sugalesini Preeyanon, Likit Cheng, Hans H. TI Transcriptional Profiling of MEq-Dependent Genes in Marek's Disease Resistant and Susceptible Inbred Chicken Lines SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; LAYER CHICKENS; EXPRESSION; PATHWAYS; ONCOPROTEIN; RESPONSES; COMPLEX; PROTEIN; TUMORS AB Marek's disease (MD) is an economically significant disease in chickens caused by the highly oncogenic Marek's disease virus (MDV). Understanding the genes and biological pathways that confer MD genetic resistance should lead towards the development of more disease resistant commercial poultry flocks or improved MD vaccines. MDV mEq, a bZIP transcription factor, is largely attributed to viral oncogenicity though only a few host target genes have been described, which has impeded our understanding of MDV-induced tumorigenesis. Given the importance of mEq in MDV-induced pathogenesis, we explored the role of mEq in genetic resistance to MDV. Using global transcriptome analysis and cells from MD resistant or susceptible birds, we compared the response to infection with either wild type MDV or a nononcogenic recombinant lacking mEq. As a result, we identified a number of specific genes and pathways associated with either MD resistance or susceptibility. Additionally, integrating prior information from ChIP-seq, microarray analysis, and SNPs exhibiting allele-specific expression (ASE) in response to MDV infection, we were able to provide evidence for 24 genes that are polymorphic within mEq binding sites are likely to account for gene expression in an allele-specific manner and potentially for the underlying genetic differences in MD incidence. C1 [Subramaniam, Sugalesini] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Comparat Med & Integrat Biol Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Subramaniam, Sugalesini; Cheng, Hans H.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI USA. [Preeyanon, Likit] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI USA. EM hans.cheng@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2007-04201] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2007-04201 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 21 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e78171 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0078171 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239NN UT WOS:000326032600078 PM 24205146 ER PT J AU Zhang, JE Quan, GM Huang, ZX Luo, SM Ouyang, Y AF Zhang, Jia-En Quan, Guo-Ming Huang, Zhao-Xiang Luo, Shi-Ming Ouyang, Ying TI Evidence of Duck Activity Induced Anatomical Structure Change and Lodging Resistance of Rice Plant SO AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE anatomical structure; lodging resistance; rice duck farming ID ECOSYSTEM AB The system of rice cultivation associated with duck raising is known as an integrated rice-duck (RD) farming system and has a long history in China and Asia. However, the roles of duck activities on rice physiological characteristics are unknown. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate mechanical stimulations of duck activities on rice physiological characteristics, and hence on morphology and anatomy. Here, we found that there were substantial variations in anatomical structure of the rice culm internodes and in lodging resistance of rice plants with and without the duck activities. Anatomical analysis showed a distinct difference between the RD and rice-no-duck (RND) treatments in culm wall thickness of the rice internodes. For internode N4, the culm wall from the RD treatment was more than 35% thicker than that from the RND treatment. In general, the epidermal layer of the rice culm was significantly denser for the internodes and the thickness of the culm walls increased from N1 to N4 under the RD farming system. Additionally, the areas of vascular bundles were larger and were better organized and structured in the RD treatment. Our results further revealed that the breaking-resistant strength increased whereas the lodging index of the rice culm decreased with duck activities. C1 [Zhang, Jia-En; Huang, Zhao-Xiang; Luo, Shi-Ming] South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Ecol Agr, Minist Agr Peoples Republ China, Key Lab Agroecol & Rural Environm Guangdong Regul, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Quan, Guo-Ming] Gangzhou City Polytech, Dept Urban Construct Engn, Gangzhou, Peoples R China. [Ouyang, Ying] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Zhang, JE (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Ecol Agr, Minist Agr Peoples Republ China, Key Lab Agroecol & Rural Environm Guangdong Regul, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jeanzh@scau.edu.cn; youyang@fs.fed.us FU State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China [2006CB100206, 2011CB100406]; Natural Science Foundation of China [U1131006]; Special Fund for the Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Guangdong; Science & Technology Research Program of Guangdong [2004B20101017] FX This study was supported by grants from State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (No. 2006CB100206, No. 2011CB100406), the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1131006), and the Special Fund for the Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Guangdong, and the Science & Technology Research Program of Guangdong (2004B20101017). NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2168-3565 J9 AGROECOL SUST FOOD JI Agroecol. Sustain. Food Syst. PD OCT 21 PY 2013 VL 37 IS 9 BP 975 EP 984 DI 10.1080/21683565.2013.775688 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Agriculture; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 221JU UT WOS:000324655400002 ER PT J AU Addison, AL Powell, JA Six, DL Moore, M Bentz, BJ AF Addison, A. L. Powell, J. A. Six, D. L. Moore, M. Bentz, B. J. TI The role of temperature variability in stabilizing the mountain pine beetle-fungus mutualism SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mutualism stability; Overlapping phenology; Dendroctonus; Fungal associates; Phenology modeling ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE COLEOPTERA; BARK BEETLES; COLONIZATION BEHAVIOR; RANGE EXPANSION; BOREAL FOREST; HOST; CURCULIONIDAE; SCOLYTIDAE; DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL AB As global climate patterns continue to change and extreme weather events become increasingly common, it is likely that many ecological interactions will be affected. One such interaction is the multipartite symbiosis that exists between the mountain pine beetle and two species of fungi, Grosmannia clavigera and Ophiostoma montium. In this mutualism, the fungi provide nutrition to the beetle, while the fungi benefit by being dispersed to new host trees. Multi-partite mutualisms are predicted to be unstable due to strong direct competition among symbionts or natural selection for superior over inferior mutualists. However, this mutualism has remained stable over long periods of evolutionary time. In this paper, we developed a temperature-based model for the spread of fungi within a tree and connected it to an existing model for mountain pine beetle development. Using this integrated model for fungal growth, we explored the possibility that temperature variability is a stabilizing mechanism for the mountain pine beetle fungi mutualism. Of the three types of temperature variability we tested: intra-year, inter-year and variability due to transitioning between different thermal habitats (thermal migration), we found that thermal migration was the most robust stabilizing mechanism. Additionally, we found that the MPB attack density or spacing between fungal lesions also had a significant effect on the stability of the system. High attack densities or close lesion spacings also tended to stabilize the system, regardless of temperature. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Addison, A. L.; Powell, J. A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Six, D. L.; Moore, M.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Bentz, B. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Addison, AL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM audrey.smith@aggiemail.usu.edu; jim.powell@usu.edu; diana.six@cfc.umt.edu; melissa.moore@umconnect.umt.edu; bbentz@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 102 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD OCT 21 PY 2013 VL 335 BP 40 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.06.012 PG 11 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 218QN UT WOS:000324447600005 PM 23791850 ER PT J AU Yan, F Liu, LP Dempsey, PJ Tsai, YH Raines, EW Wilson, CL Cao, HL Cao, Z Liu, LS Polk, DB AF Yan, Fang Liu, Liping Dempsey, Peter J. Tsai, Yu-Hwai Raines, Elaine W. Wilson, Carole L. Cao, Hailong Cao, Zheng Liu, LinShu Polk, D. Brent TI A Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG-derived Soluble Protein, p40, Stimulates Ligand Release from Intestinal Epithelial Cells to Transactivate Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Apoptosis; Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF); Intestinal Epithelium; Probiotics; Tight Junctions ID ALPHA-CONVERTING-ENZYME; EGF RECEPTOR; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; DEPENDENT MECHANISM; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COLONIC-MUCOSA; POTENTIAL ROLE; DRUG-DELIVERY; BOWEL-DISEASE AB p40, a Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)-derived soluble protein, ameliorates intestinal injury and colitis, reduces apoptosis, and preserves barrier function by transactivation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in intestinal epithelial cells. The aim of this study is to determine the mechanisms by which p40 transactivates the EGFR in intestinal epithelial cells. Here we show that p40-conditioned medium activates EGFR in young adult mouse colon epithelial cells and human colonic epithelial cell line, T84 cells. p40 up-regulates a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 (ADAM17) catalytic activity, and broad spectrum metalloproteinase inhibitors block EGFR transactivation by p40 in these two cell lines. In ADAM17-deficient mouse colonic epithelial (ADAM17(-/-) MCE) cells, p40 transactivation of EGFR is blocked, but can be rescued by re-expression with WT ADAM17. Furthermore, p40 stimulates release of heparin binding (HB)-EGF, but not transforming growth factor (TGF) or amphiregulin, in young adult mouse colon cells and ADAM17(-/-) MCE cells overexpressing WT ADAM17. Knockdown of HB-EGF expression by siRNA suppresses p40 effects on transactivating EGFR and Akt, preventing apoptosis, and preserving tight junction function. The effects of p40 on HB-EGF release and ADAM17 activation in vivo are examined after administration of p40-containing pectin/zein hydrogel beads to mice. p40 stimulates ADAM17 activity and EGFR activation in colonic epithelial cells and increases HB-EGF levels in blood from WT mice, but not from mice with intestinal epithelial cell-specific ADAM17 deletion. Thus, these data define a mechanism of a probiotic-derived soluble protein in modulating intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis through ADAM17-mediated HB-EGF release, leading to transactivation of EGFR. C1 [Yan, Fang; Liu, Liping; Cao, Hailong] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Cao, Zheng] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Dempsey, Peter J.; Tsai, Yu-Hwai] Univ Michigan, Dept Pediat & Communicable Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Dempsey, Peter J.; Tsai, Yu-Hwai] Univ Michigan, Dept Mol & Integrat Physiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Raines, Elaine W.; Wilson, Carole L.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Cao, Hailong] Tianjin Med Univ, Gen Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Tianjin 300052, Peoples R China. [Liu, LinShu] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Polk, D. Brent] Univ So Calif, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Polk, D. Brent] Univ So Calif, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Polk, D. Brent] Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Saban Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Polk, DB (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, 2215 Garland Ave,MRB 4,Rm 1035, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM fang.yan@vanderbilt.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01DK081134, R01DK93697, R01HL067267, P01HL018645, R01DK56008, R01DK54993, R01DK066176, P30DK058404]; Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology for Young Scientists of China [13JCQNJC10600] FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grants R01DK081134 (to F. Y.), R01DK93697 (to P. J. D), R01HL067267 and P01HL018645 (to E W. R.), and R01DK56008, R01DK54993, and R01DK066176 (to D. B. P.). This work was also supported by Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology for Young Scientists of China Grant 13JCQNJC10600 (to H. C.) and core services performed through Vanderbilt University Medical Center Digestive Disease Research Center supported by National Institutes of Health Grant P30DK058404. NR 49 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 288 IS 42 BP 30742 EP 30751 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.492397 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 291YF UT WOS:000329868100074 PM 24043629 ER PT J AU Salgado-Salazar, C Rossman, AY Chaverri, P AF Salgado-Salazar, Catalina Rossman, Amy Y. Chaverri, Priscila TI Not as Ubiquitous as We Thought: Taxonomic Crypsis, Hidden Diversity and Cryptic Speciation in the Cosmopolitan Fungus Thelonectria discophora (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; BAYESIAN-INFERENCE; GENETIC-VARIATION; GLOBAL DIVERSITY; MIXED MODELS; COMPLEX; TREES; CONCORDANCE; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB The distribution of microbial species, including fungi, has long been considered cosmopolitan. Recently, this perception has been challenged by molecular studies in historical biogeography, phylogeny and population genetics. Here we explore this issue using the fungal morphological species Thelonectria discophora, one of the most common species of fungi in the family Nectriaceae, encountered in almost all geographic regions and considered as a cosmopolitan taxon. In order to determine if T. discophora is a single cosmopolitan species or an assemblage of sibling species, we conducted various phylogenetic analyses, including standard gene concatenation, Bayesian concordance methods, and coalescent-based species tree reconstruction on isolates collected from a wide geographic range. Results show that diversity among isolates referred as T. discophora is greatly underestimated and that it represents a species complex. Within this complex, sixteen distinct highly supported lineages were recovered, each of which has a restricted geographic distribution and ecology. The taxonomic status of isolates regarded as T. discophora is reconsidered, and the assumed cosmopolitan distribution of this species is rejected. We discuss how assumptions about geographically widespread species have implications regarding their taxonomy, true diversity, biological diversity conservation, and ecological functions. C1 [Salgado-Salazar, Catalina; Chaverri, Priscila] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rossman, Amy Y.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Salgado-Salazar, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM salgadoc@umd.edu OI Chaverri, Priscila/0000-0002-8486-6033; Salgado Salazar, Catalina/0000-0002-4156-692X FU United States National Science Foundation (PEET) [DEB-0925696] FX This study was funded by a grant from United States National Science Foundation (PEET program, grant number DEB-0925696: "Monographic Studies in the Nectriaceae, Hypocreales: Nectria, Cosmospora, and Neonectria" http://www.nsf.gov/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e76737 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076737 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239MM UT WOS:000326029300049 PM 24204665 ER PT J AU Taerum, SJ Duong, TA de Beer, ZW Gillette, N Sun, JH Owen, DR Wingfield, MJ AF Taerum, Stephen J. Duong, Tuan A. de Beer, Z. Wilhelm Gillette, Nancy Sun, Jiang-Hua Owen, Donald R. Wingfield, Michael J. TI Large Shift in Symbiont Assemblage in the Invasive Red Turpentine Beetle SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DENDROCTONUS BARK BEETLES; OPHIOSTOMATOID FUNGI; TOMICUS-PINIPERDA; PLANT INVASIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; PINE-BEETLE; VALENS COLEOPTERA; GENETIC-VARIATION; MYCANGIAL FUNGI; LODGEPOLE PINE AB Changes in symbiont assemblages can affect the success and impact of invasive species, and may provide knowledge regarding the invasion histories of their vectors. Bark beetle symbioses are ideal systems to study changes in symbiont assemblages resulting from invasions. The red turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus valens) is a bark beetle species that recently invaded China from its native range in North America. It is associated with ophiostomatalean fungi in both locations, although the fungi have previously been well-surveyed only in China. We surveyed the ophiostomatalean fungi associated with D. valens in eastern and western North America, and identified the fungal species using multi-gene phylogenies. From the 307 collected isolates (147 in eastern North America and 160 in western North America), we identified 20 species: 11 in eastern North America and 13 in western North America. Four species were shared between eastern North America and western North America, one species (Ophiostoma floccosum) was shared between western North America and China, and three species (Grosmannia koreana, Leptographium procerum, and Ophiostoma abietinum) were shared between eastern North America and China. Ophiostoma floccosum and O. abietinum have worldwide distributions, and were rarely isolated from D. valens. However, G. koreana and L. procerum are primarily limited to Asia and North America respectively. Leptographium procerum, which is thought to be native to North America, represented >45% of the symbionts of D. valens in eastern North America and China, suggesting D. valens may have been introduced to China from eastern North America. These results are surprising, as previous population genetics studies on D. valens based on the cytochrome oxidase I gene have suggested that the insect was introduced into China from western North America. C1 [Taerum, Stephen J.; Duong, Tuan A.; Wingfield, Michael J.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Genet, Forestry & Agr Biotechnol Inst, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [de Beer, Z. Wilhelm; Wingfield, Michael J.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Forestry & Agr Biotechnol Inst, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Gillette, Nancy] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Sun, Jiang-Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Owen, Donald R.] Calif Dept Forestry & Fire Protect, Redding, CA USA. RP de Beer, ZW (reprint author), Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Forestry & Agr Biotechnol Inst, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. EM Wilhelm.DeBeer@fabi.up.ac.za RI Duong, Tuan/I-9432-2012; Wingfield, Michael/A-9473-2008; de Beer, Z. Wilhelm/B-6353-2008 OI Duong, Tuan/0000-0001-5110-1854; de Beer, Z. Wilhelm/0000-0001-9758-8987 FU Tree Protection Cooperative Programme; USDA Forest Service, Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Prineville, Oregon, USA FX Funding came from Tree Protection Cooperative Programme http://www.fabinet.up.ac.za/research/tpcp, and the USDA Forest Service, Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Prineville, Oregon, USA http://www.fs.fed.us/wwetac/. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 94 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 39 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e78126 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0078126 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239MM UT WOS:000326029300142 PM 24205124 ER PT J AU Fisher, AC Schuster, G Cobb, WJ James, AM Cooper, SM de Leon, AAP Holman, PJ AF Fisher, Amanda C. Schuster, Greta Cobb, W. Jacob James, Andrea M. Cooper, Susan M. de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez Holman, Patricia J. TI Molecular characterization of Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) spp. infecting cattle (Bos taurus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) in the United States SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Trypanosoma theileri; Trypanosoma cervi; Cattle; White-tailed deer; 18S ribosomal RNA gene; Internal transcribed spacer ID HYALOMMA-ANATOLICUM-ANATOLICUM; LIPOPTENA-MAZAMAE RONDANI; KED MELOPHAGUS-OVINUS; NEW-YORK-STATE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS; CROSSBRED COW; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; THEILERI; TRANSMISSION; SEQUENCES AB In the United States, the generally non-pathogenic trypanosome of cattle is designated Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri and is distinguished morphologically from Trypanosoma (M.) cervi, a trypanosome originally described in mule deer and elk. Phylogenetic studies of the Megatrypanum trypanosomes using various molecular markers reveal two lineages, designated TthI and TthII, with several genotypes within each. However, to date there is very limited genetic data for T. theileri, and none for the Megatrypanum trypanosomes found in wild ungulates, in the U.S. In this study U.S. isolates from cattle (Bos taurus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (WTD), and elk,(Cervus elaphus canadensis) were compared by ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence analysis and their incidence in cattle and WTD in south Texas counties was investigated. Phylogenetic analyses showed clear separation of the bovine and cervine trypanosomes. Both lineages I and II were represented in the U.S. cattle and WTD parasites. Lineage I cattle isolates were of a previously described genotype, whereas WTD and elk isolates were of two new genotypes distinct from the cattle trypanosomes. The cattle isolate of lineage II was of a previously reported genotype and was divergent from the WTD isolate, which was of a new genotype. In La Salle, Starr, Webb, and Zapata counties in south Texas a total of 51.8% of white-tailed deer were positive for trypanosomes by 18S rDNA PCR. Of the cattle screened in Webb County, 35.4% were positive. Drought conditions prevailing in south Texas when the animals were screened suggest the possibility of a vector for Trypanosoma other than the ked (Lipoptena mazamae) and tabanid flies (Tabanus spp. and Haematopota spp.). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fisher, Amanda C.; Cobb, W. Jacob; James, Andrea M.; Holman, Patricia J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Schuster, Greta] Texas A&M Univ, Kingsville, TX USA. [Cooper, Susan M.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Uvalde, TX USA. [de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] USDA, ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insect Res Lab, Kerrville, TX USA. RP Holman, PJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM Pholman@cvm.tamu.edu FU Texas A&M AgriLife Research Project [08987]; NIFA project [TEXR-2009-05759]; [6205-32000-031-00D]; [6205-32000-034-00D] FX This study was supported by Texas A&M AgriLife Research Project 08987. Dr. Greta Schuster's research was supported in part by NIFA project TEXR-2009-05759. Dr. A.A. Perez de Leon is supported by appropriated funds for projects 6205-32000-031-00D and 6205-32000-034-00D. The authors thank Maegan Ramos for assistance in sample preparation for this study. The constructive comments of Drs. Robert Miller and Alex Tuckow on an earlier version of this manuscript are acknowledged and appreciated. Personnel from the USDA-ARS Knipling-Bushland U.S. Live-stock Insects Research Laboratory and the Cattle Fever Tick Research Laboratory are gratefully acknowledged for help with shipping and handling of blood samples. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 197 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.04.037 PG 14 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 223EL UT WOS:000324787400005 PM 23683651 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Tuo, WB Murphy, CA Hong, YH Lillehoj, EP AF Lee, Sung Hyen Lillehoj, Hyun S. Tuo, Wenbin Murphy, Charles A. Hong, Yeong H. Lillehoj, Erik P. TI Parasiticidal activity of a novel synthetic peptide from the core alpha-helical region of NK-lysin SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian; Coccidiosis; Eimeria; Neospora; Alternative to antibiotics; NK-lysin ID SAPOSIN-LIKE PROTEINS; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; IMMUNE MODULATION; AVIAN COCCIDIOSIS; HOST-DEFENSE; CANCER-CELLS; GRANULYSIN; POULTRY AB NK-lysin is an anti-microbial peptide that plays a critical role in innate immunity against infectious pathogens through its selective membrane disruptive property. We previously expressed and purified a full-length chicken NK-lysin (cNKL) recombinant protein, and demonstrated its in vitro anti-parasitic activity against the apicomplexan protozoan, Eimeria, the etiologic agent of avian coccidiosis. This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo anti-parasitic properties of a synthetic peptide (cNK-2) incorporating a predicted membrane-permeating, amphipathic alpha-helix of the full-length cNKL protein. The cNK-2 peptide exhibited dose- and time-dependent in vitro cytotoxic activity against E. acervulina and E. tenella sporozoites. The cytotoxic activity of 1.5 mu M of cNK-2 peptide against E. acervulina following Oh incubation was equal to that of 2.5 mu M of melittin, the principal active component of apitoxin (bee venom) that also exhibits anti-microbial activity. Even greater activity was detected against E. tenella, where 0.3 mu M of cNK-2 peptide was equivalent to 2.5 mu M of melittin. Against Neospora caninum tacyzoites, however, the cytotoxic activity of cNK-2 peptide was inferior to that of melittin. Transmission electron microscopy of peptide-treated E. tenella sporozoites revealed disruption of the outer plasma membrane and loss of intracellular contents. In vivo administration of 1.5 mu M of cNK-2 peptide increased protection against experimental E. acervulina infection, as measured by greater body weight gain and reduced fecal oocyst shedding, compared with saline controls. These results suggest that the cNK-2 synthetic peptide is a novel anti-infective peptide that can be used for protection against avian coccidiosis during commercial poultry production. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lee, Sung Hyen; Lillehoj, Hyun S.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tuo, Wenbin] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Murphy, Charles A.] ARS, Soybean Genet Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hong, Yeong H.] Chung Ang Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Anseong, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21794 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC East, Bldg 1043, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov FU ARS CRIS project [1265-32000-086]; Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program [PJ008084]; Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea FX This project was partially supported by an ARS CRIS project (1265-32000-086) and the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (No. PJ008084), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The authors thank Dr. Duk Kyung Kim and Dr. Seung I. Jang for their expert advice and Margie Nichols, Misun Jeong, Myeong Seon Park, Stacy O'Donnell, Ashley Cox and Heng Tech for their technical assistance. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 197 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.04.020 PG 9 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 223EL UT WOS:000324787400014 PM 23664157 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Vivas, RI Li, AY Ojeda-Chi, MM Trinidad-Martinez, I Rosado-Aguilar, JA Miller, RJ de Leon, AAP AF Rodriguez-Vivas, R. I. Li, A. Y. Ojeda-Chi, M. M. Trinidad-Martinez, I. Rosado-Aguilar, J. A. Miller, R. J. Perez de Leon, A. A. TI In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide mixtures for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Mexican tropics SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhipicephlaus (Boophilus) microplus; Acaricide; Pyrethroid; Formamidine; Synergist; Mixture; Resistance; Tick control ID POTENTIAL RISK-FACTORS; SODIUM-CHANNEL GENE; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; CATTLE TICK; INSECTICIDE MIXTURES; PEDICULUS-CAPITIS; NEW-CALEDONIA; POPULATIONS; STRAINS; EFFICACY AB A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) mixtures, through in vitro laboratory bioassays and in vivo on-animal efficacy trials, for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on cattle in the Mexican tropics. Also, to examine mechanisms of resistance to cypermethrin in this tick population, the frequency of a mutated sodium channel gene (F1550I) was determined using a PCR assay. Results of laboratory bioassays using modified larval packet tests revealed that cypermethrin toxicity was synergized by PBO (from 46.6-57.0% to 83.7-85.0% larval mortality; P < 0.05). The cypermethrin and amitraz mixture showed an additive effect (from 46.6-57.0% to 56.0-74.3% larval mortality). Strong synergism was observed with the mixture of cypermethrin + amitraz + PBO and this mixture was the most effective killing resistant tick larvae in vitro (96.7-100% of larval mortality). Tick larvae surviving exposure to cypermethrin or mixtures either with amitraz and PBO in vitro showed 2.9-49.6 higher probability to present the mutated allele than those killed by acaricide treatment (P < 0.05). In the in vivo trial, the mixtures containing cypermethrin + PBO (80.6-97.3%), and cypermethrin + amitraz (87.0-89.7%) were more efficacious than cypermethrin alone (76.3-80.5%). The highest level of efficacy was obtained with the mixture of cypermethrin + amitraz + PBO, which yielded >95% control that persisted for 28 days post-treatment against R. microplus infesting cattle when tested under field conditions in the Mexican tropics. Although this mixture is a potentially useful tool to combat pyrethroid resistance, a product based on an acaricide mixture like the one tested in this study has to be used rationally. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rodriguez-Vivas, R. I.; Ojeda-Chi, M. M.; Trinidad-Martinez, I.; Rosado-Aguilar, J. A.] Univ Autonoma Yucatan, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Merida 97100, Yucatan, Mexico. [Li, A. Y.; Perez de Leon, A. A.] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Miller, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. RP Rodriguez-Vivas, RI (reprint author), CCBA UADY, Km 15-5 Carretera Merida Xmatkuil, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. EM rvivas@uady.mx NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 197 IS 1-2 BP 288 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.07.018 PG 9 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 223EL UT WOS:000324787400038 PM 23948559 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Rosenthal, BM AF Dubey, J. P. Rosenthal, B. M. TI Sarcocystis capracanis-associated encephalitis in sheep SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID CATTLE; MOOSE; BISON; ELK C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Rosenthal, B. M.] ARS, USDA, Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 197 IS 1-2 BP 407 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.04.027 PG 2 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 223EL UT WOS:000324787400060 PM 23759304 ER PT J AU Thiele, TL Stuber, TP Hauer, PJ AF Thiele, Teri L. Stuber, Tod P. Hauer, Paul J. TI Detection of Clostridium sordellii strains expressing hemorrhagic toxin (TcsH) and implications for diagnostics and regulation of veterinary vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Clostridium sordellii; TcsH; Hemorrhagic toxin ID DIFFICILE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PURIFICATION; HT; LT AB Clostridium sordellii is a Gram positive anaerobic bacterium that causes multiple disease syndromes in both humans and animals. As with many clostridial pathogens, toxins contribute to the virulence of C. sordellii. Two large toxins have been identified: a lethal toxin (TcsL) and a hemorrhagic toxin (TcsH) which are similar in structure and function to Clostridium difficile toxin B (TcdB) and toxin A (TcdA), respectively. While TcdA,TcdB, and TcsL have been extensively studied, relatively little is known about TcsH. This study elucidated the TcsH gene sequence using whole genome sequencing, compared the genotype with toxin expression of 52 C. sordellii strains, and examined the role of TcsH in batch release potency tests required for veterinary vaccines licensed in the United States and other testing utilizing WHO standard antitoxin. Data from this study will assist in future research to clarify the TcsH contribution to the pathogenesis of C sordellii infections and may aid in the development of improved vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Thiele, Teri L.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Stuber, Tod P.; Hauer, Paul J.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Thiele, TL (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM teri.l.thiele@aphis.usda.gov; tod.p.stuber@aphis.usda.gov; paul.j.hauer@aphis.usda.gov FU Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB) FX This work was supported and funded by the Center for Veterinary Biologics (CVB). We are grateful to Dr. Robert Carman for supplying C sordellii VPI 9048 strain. A special thanks to Dr. Nancy Clough, CVB, for critically reviewing this manuscript. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 17 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 44 BP 5082 EP 5087 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.065 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 244CO UT WOS:000326364900013 PM 24016805 ER PT J AU Goyal, RK Hancock, REW Mattoo, AK Misra, S AF Goyal, Ravinder K. Hancock, Robert E. W. Mattoo, Autar K. Misra, Santosh TI Expression of an Engineered Heterologous Antimicrobial Peptide in Potato Alters Plant Development and Mitigates Normal Abiotic and Biotic Responses SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE-EXPRESSION; INNATE IMMUNITY; POWDERY MILDEW; BACTERIAL PATHOGENS AB Antimicrobial cationic peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous small proteins used by living cells to defend against a wide spectrum of pathogens. Their amphipathic property helps their interaction with negatively charged cellular membrane of the pathogen causing cell lysis and death. AMPs also modulate signaling pathway(s) and cellular processes in animal models; however, little is known of cellular processes other than the pathogen-lysis phenomenon modulated by AMPs in plants. An engineered heterologous AMP, msrA3, expressed in potato was previously shown to cause resistance of the transgenic plants against selected fungal and bacterial pathogens. These lines together with the wild type were studied for growth habits, and for inducible defense responses during challenge with biotic (necrotroph Fusarium solani) and abiotic stressors (dark-induced senescence, wounding and temperature stress). msrA3-expression not only conferred protection against F. solani but also delayed development of floral buds and prolonged vegetative phase. Analysis of select gene transcript profiles showed that the transgenic potato plants were suppressed in the hypersensitive (HR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses to both biotic and abiotic stressors. Also, the transgenic leaves accumulated lesser amounts of the defense hormone jasmonic acid upon wounding with only a slight change in salicylic acid as compared to the wild type. Thus, normal host defense responses to the pathogen and abiotic stressors were mitigated by msrA3 expression suggesting MSRA3 regulates a common step(s) of these response pathways. The stemming of the pathogen growth and mitigating stress response pathways likely contributes to resource reallocation for higher tuber yield. C1 [Goyal, Ravinder K.; Misra, Santosh] Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Hancock, Robert E. W.] Univ British Columbia, Ctr Microbial Dis & Immun Res, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Mattoo, Autar K.] ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov FU NCE-AFMNet, Canada FX This study was funded by the NCE-AFMNet, Canada grant (to S.M.). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 113 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR UNSP e77505 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077505 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239JR UT WOS:000326019400116 PM 24147012 ER PT J AU He, XH Patfield, S Hnasko, R Rasooly, R Mandrell, RE AF He, Xiaohua Patfield, Stephanie Hnasko, Robert Rasooly, Reuven Mandrell, Robert E. TI A Polyclonal Antibody Based Immunoassay Detects Seven Subtypes of Shiga Toxin 2 Produced by Escherichia coli in Human and Environmental Samples SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VARIANTS; NON-O157; INFECTIONS; PROFILES; STRAINS; ASSAY AB Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are frequent causes of severe human diseases ranging from diarrhea to hemolytic uremic syndrome. The existing strategy for detection of STEC relies on the unique sorbitol-negative fermentation property of the O157 strains, the most commonly identified serotype has been E. coli O157. It is becoming increasingly evident, however, that numerous non-O157 STEC serotypes also cause outbreaks and severe illnesses. It is necessary to have new methods that are capable of detecting all STEC strains. Methods and Findings: Here we describe the development of a sandwich ELISA assay for detecting both O157 and non-O157 STECs by incorporating a novel polyclonal antibody (pAb) against Stx2. The newly established immunoassay was capable of detecting Stx2a spiked in environmental samples with a limit of detection between 10 and 100 pg/mL in soil and between 100 and 500 pg/mL in feces. When applied to 36 bacterial strains isolated from human and environmental samples, this assay detected Stx2 in all strains that were confirmed to be stx2-positive by real-time PCR, demonstrating a 100% sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: The sandwich ELISA developed in this study will enable any competent laboratory to identify and characterize Stx2-producing O157 and non-O157 strains in human and environmental samples, resulting in rapid diagnosis and patient care. The results of epitope mapping from this study will be useful for further development of a peptide-based antibody and vaccine. C1 [He, Xiaohua; Patfield, Stephanie; Hnasko, Robert; Rasooly, Reuven; Mandrell, Robert E.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP He, XH (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [5325-42000-048-00D, 5325-42000-046-00D] FX This research was supported by the USDA-ARS National Program NP108 CRIS projects 5325-42000-048-00D and 5325-42000-046-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e76368 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076368 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239JR UT WOS:000326019400056 PM 24146860 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA Yamazaki, K Kohler, D Bowen, RA Muth, JP Opiekun, M Beauchamp, GK AF Kimball, Bruce A. Yamazaki, Kunio Kohler, Dennis Bowen, Richard A. Muth, Jack P. Opiekun, Maryanne Beauchamp, Gary K. TI Avian Influenza Infection Alters Fecal Odor in Mallards SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; FEMALE MICE; PARASITIZED MALES; VIRUS INFECTION; RECOGNITION; AVOIDANCE; SCENT; FECES; ODORTYPES; RESPONSES AB Changes in body odor are known to be a consequence of many diseases. Much of the published work on disease-related and body odor changes has involved parasites and certain cancers. Much less studied have been viral diseases, possibly due to an absence of good animal model systems. Here we studied possible alteration of fecal odors in animals infected with avian influenza viruses (AIV). In a behavioral study, inbred C57BL/6 mice were trained in a standard Y-maze to discriminate odors emanating from feces collected from mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) infected with low-pathogenic avian influenza virus compared to fecal odors from non-infected controls. Mice could discriminate odors from non-infected compared to infected individual ducks on the basis of fecal odors when feces from post-infection periods were paired with feces from pre-infection periods. Prompted by this indication of odor change, fecal samples were subjected to dynamic headspace and solvent extraction analyses employing gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to identify chemical markers indicative of AIV infection. Chemical analyses indicated that AIV infection was associated with a marked increase of acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone) in feces. These experiments demonstrate that information regarding viral infection exists via volatile metabolites present in feces. Further, they suggest that odor changes following virus infection could play a role in regulating behavior of conspecifics exposed to infected individuals. C1 [Kimball, Bruce A.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Yamazaki, Kunio; Opiekun, Maryanne; Beauchamp, Gary K.] Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kohler, Dennis] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Muth, Jack P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. EM bruce.a.kimball@aphis.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture- Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS)-National Wildlife Disease Program FX Funding was provided to Monell by the United States Department of Agriculture- Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS)-National Wildlife Disease Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e75411 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075411 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 239JR UT WOS:000326019400006 PM 24146753 ER PT J AU Botros, LL Jablonski, J Chang, C Bergana, MM Wehling, P Harnly, JM Downey, G Harrington, P Potts, AR Moore, JC AF Botros, Lucy L. Jablonski, Joseph Chang, Claire Bergana, Marti Mamula Wehling, Paul Harnly, James M. Downey, Gerard Harrington, Peter Potts, Alan R. Moore, Jeffrey C. TI Exploring Authentic Skim and Nonfat Dry Milk Powder Variance for the Development of Nontargeted Adulterant Detection Methods Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE skim milk powder; nonfat dry milk; melamine; NIR spectroscopy; chemometrics; PCA; varimax; compendial; diffuse reflectance; variance ID DAIRY-PRODUCTS; FOOD PROTEIN; SPECTRA AB A multinational collaborative team led by the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention is currently investigating the potential of near-infrared (NW) spectroscopy for nontargeted detection of adulterants in skim and nonfat dry milk powder. The development of a compendial method is challenged by the range of authentic or nonadulterated milk powders available worldwide. This paper investigates the sources of variance in 41 authentic bovine skim and nonfat milk powders as detected by NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and chemometrics. Exploratory analysis by principal component analysis and varimax factor rotation revealed significant variance in authentic samples and highlighted outliers from a single manufacturer. Spectral preprocessing and outlier removal methods reduced ambient and measurement sources of variance, most likely linked to changes in moisture together with sampling, preparation, and presentation factors. Results indicate that significant chemical variance exists in different skim and nonfat milk powders that will likely affect the performance of adulterant detection methods by NIR spectroscopy. C1 [Botros, Lucy L.; Potts, Alan R.; Moore, Jeffrey C.] US Pharmacopeial Convent Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Jablonski, Joseph; Chang, Claire] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Div Food Proc Sci & Technol, Bedford Pk, IL 60501 USA. [Bergana, Marti Mamula] Abbott Labs, Abbott Nutr Div, Columbus, OH 43219 USA. [Wehling, Paul] Gen Mills Inc, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Harnly, James M.] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20817 USA. [Downey, Gerard] Teagasc Food Res Ctr Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland. [Harrington, Peter] Ohio Univ, Ctr Intelligent Chem Instrumentat, Dept Chem & Biochem, Clippinger Labs, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Botros, LL (reprint author), US Pharmacopeial Convent Inc, 12601 Twinbrook Pkwy, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM lyb@usp.org RI Downey, Gerard/G-5840-2011; OI Downey, Gerard/0000-0002-6633-1270; Harrington, Peter/0000-0003-0268-8630 NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 16 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 41 BP 9810 EP 9818 DI 10.1021/jf4023433 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 240VF UT WOS:000326125100009 PM 24040827 ER PT J AU Shrestha, B Acosta-Martinez, V Cox, SB Green, MJ Li, S Canas-Carrell, JE AF Shrestha, Babina Acosta-Martinez, Veronica Cox, Stephen B. Green, Micah J. Li, Shibin Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E. TI An evaluation of the impact of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on soil microbial community structure and functioning SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Nanomaterials; MWNTs; Soil microbial community; Risk assessment; Pyrosequencing ID HYDROCARBON-DEGRADING BACTERIA; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; FATTY-ACIDS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; SCOTT BASE; NANOMATERIALS; BIOMASS; NANOPARTICLES; DIVERSITY; DEGRADATION AB This study evaluated the impacts of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on microbial community composition and functioning in a sandy loam soil over 90 d. We used test concentrations in the range of lower MWNT concentrations (10 mg/kg) to extremely high MWNT concentrations (10,000 mg/kg) as a worst case scenario. We observed no effects of MWNTs on soil respiration, enzymatic activities, and microbial community composition at 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg. However, increases in fungal fatty acid methyl ester markers were observed at the highest treatment. In addition, pyroseguencing demonstrated a decreased abundance of some bacterial genera like Derxia, Holophaga, Opitutus and Waddlia at the highest treatment while bacterial genera that are considered potential degraders of recalcitrant contaminants (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) like Rhodococcus, Cellulomonas, Nocardioides and Pseudomonas increased. These results suggest a shift in soil microbial community composition to more tolerant microbial populations in the presence of extremely high MWNT concentrations. It is unlikely that the change observed at 10,000 mg/kg is due to metal or carbon impurities as the MWNTs used in this study were of high purity. Given the need for wide-ranging data for regulation and risk assessment of nanomaterials, this study provides valuable data. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shrestha, Babina; Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E.] Texas Tech Univ, TIEHH, Dept Environm Toxicol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Unit, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. [Green, Micah J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Cox, Stephen B.] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. [Li, Shibin] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Canas-Carrell, JE (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, TIEHH, Dept Environm Toxicol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM jaclyn.e.canas@ttu.edu RI Green, Micah/C-7647-2011 OI Green, Micah/0000-0001-5691-0861 NR 93 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 261 BP 188 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.031 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268NJ UT WOS:000328177300023 PM 23921182 ER PT J AU Li, XH Chen, HQ Kingsley, DH AF Li, Xinhui Chen, Haiqiang Kingsley, David H. TI The influence of temperature, pH, and water immersion on the high hydrostatic pressure inactivation of GI.1 and GII.4 human noroviruses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human norovirus; Hydrostatic pressure; Blueberries; Temperature; pH; PGM binding assay ID RECEPTOR-BINDING CAPTURE; PORCINE GASTRIC MUCIN; BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; STRAWBERRY PUREE; MAGNETIC BEADS; VIRUS; FOOD; STABILITY; SURROGATE AB Detection of human norovirus (HuNoV) usually relies on molecular biology techniques, such as qRT-PCR Since histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are the functional receptors for HuNoV, HuNoV can bind to porcine gastric mucin (PGM), which contains HBGA-like antigens. In this study, PGM-conjugated magnetic beads were used to collect and quantify potentially infectious HuNoV strains GI.1 and GII.4 treated by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). Both GI.1 and GII.4 strains used in this study showed increasing pressure sensitivity as judged by loss of PGM binding with decreasing temperature over a range of 1 to 35 degrees C. Both GI.1 and GII.4 were more resistant to pressure at pH 4 than at neutral pH. Because GI.1 was significantly more resistant to pressure than GII.4, it was used to evaluate HuNoV pressure inactivation in blueberries. GI.1 on dry blueberries was very resistant to pressure while immersion of blueberries in water during pressure treatments substantially enhanced the inactivation. For example, a 2 min-600 MPa treatment of dry blueberries at 1 and 21 degrees C resulted in <1-log reductions while a 2.7-log reduction of GI.1 was achieved by a treatment at 500 MPa for 2 min at 1 degrees C when blueberries were immersed in water. In total, this novel study provides unique information for designing pressure processing parameters (pressure, temperature, and time) and product formulations (such as pH) to inactivate HuNoV in high-risk foods such as berries. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Xinhui; Chen, Haiqiang] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kingsley, David H.] Delaware State Univ, ARS, USDA, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Unit, Dover, DE 19901 USA. RP Chen, HQ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM haiqiang@udel.edu OI Li, Xinhui/0000-0003-1568-1999 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, NIFA [2011-68003-30005] FX This project was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, NIFA Award No: 2011-68003-30005. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 167 IS 2 BP 138 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.08.020 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 253SL UT WOS:000327109500004 PM 24135670 ER PT J AU Liu, J Sui, Y Wisniewski, M Droby, S Liu, YS AF Liu, Jia Sui, Yuan Wisniewski, Michael Droby, Samir Liu, Yongsheng TI Review: Utilization of antagonistic yeasts to manage postharvest fungal diseases of fruit SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Antagonistic yeast; Mode of action; Postharvest disease; Stress tolerance ID ENHANCES BIOCONTROL EFFICACY; AGENT CANDIDA-OLEOPHILA; BLUE MOLD DECAY; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; STRESS TOLERANCE; PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM; SALICYLIC-ACID; METSCHNIKOWIA-FRUCTICOLA; CRYPTOCOCCUS-LAURENTII; PEACH FRUIT AB Significant losses in harvested fruit can be directly attributable to decay fungi. Some of these pathogenic fungi are also the source of mycotoxins that are harmful to humans. Biological control of postharvest decay of fruits, vegetables and grains using antagonistic yeasts has been explored as one of several promising alternatives to chemical fungicides, the use of which is facing increasingly more stringent regulation. Yeast species have been isolated over the past two decades from a variety of sources, including fruit surfaces, the phyllosphere, soil and sea water, and their potential as postharvest biocontrol agents has been investigated. Several mechanisms have been proposed as responsible for their antagonistic activity, including competition for nutrients and space, parasitism of the pathogen, secretion of antifungal compounds, induction of host resistance, biofilm formation, and most recently, the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in defense response. It has been recognized that a biocontrol system is composed of a three-way interaction between the host (commodity), the pathogen and the yeast, all of which are affected by environmental factors. Efficacy and consistent performance in controlling postharvest diseases are the hurdles that must be overcome if the use of yeast biocontrol agents and other alternatives are to be widely used commercially. Therefore, attempts have been made to combine alternative treatments in order improve their overall performance. The current review provides a brief overview of the topic of the use of yeasts as postharvest biocontrol agents and includes information on the sources from which yeast antagonists have been isolated, their mode of action, and abiotic stress resistance in yeast as it relates to biocontrol performance. Areas in need of future research are also highlighted. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Jia; Sui, Yuan; Liu, Yongsheng] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Biotechnol & Food Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China. [Wisniewski, Michael] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Droby, Samir] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Liu, Yongsheng] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm, Minist Educ,Coll Life Sci, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Hefei Univ Technol, Tunxi Rd 193, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China. EM liujia@hfut.edu.cn; liuyongsheng1122@hfut.edu.cn FU Key Project from the Government of Anhui Province [2012AKKG0739]; National Science and Technology Key Project of China [2011CB100401, 2007AA10Z100]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31171179]; Advanced Program of Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China [20110181130009] FX The authors wish to thank the many scientists involved in postharvest biocontrol research for their research efforts and thoughtful discussions of this topic over the past twenty-five years and apologize to the many investigators whose specific results could not be cited due to space limitations but whose work framed the questions and ideas that are discussed in this review. This work was supported by the Key Project from the Government of Anhui Province (No. 2012AKKG0739), the National Science and Technology Key Project of China (Nos. 2011CB100401 & 2007AA10Z100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31171179), and Advanced Program of Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (No, 20110181130009). NR 108 TC 67 Z9 70 U1 28 U2 184 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 167 IS 2 BP 153 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.09.004 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 253SL UT WOS:000327109500006 PM 24135671 ER PT J AU Vereen, E Lowrance, RR Jenkins, MB Adams, P Rajeev, S Lipp, EK AF Vereen, Ethel, Jr. Lowrance, R. Richard Jenkins, Michael B. Adams, Paige Rajeev, Sreekumari Lipp, Erin K. TI Landscape and seasonal factors influence Salmonella and Campylobacter prevalence in a rural mixed use watershed SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Campylobacter; Enterococci; Waterborne transmission; Poultry; Wastewater treatment ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; POULTRY LITTER; THERMOPHILIC CAMPYLOBACTER; MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY; BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; GEORGIA PIEDMONT; BROILER LITTER; FECAL BACTERIA; WILD BIRDS; SOIL AB Salmonella and Campyloba cter prevalence in stream networks of the Satilla River Basin (SRB) were monitored monthly from August 2007 to August 2009 to study relationships between these pathogens and land use, presence of poultry houses and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge. Salmonella and Campylobacter were detected at all 10 stream sites and the three sites at the sole wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the study area. In all, 43% (129/299) and 62% (96/156) of samples were positive for Salmonella and Campylobacter, respectively, with detection frequency increasing in downstream sites with more poultry production and influence of WWTP discharge. Both Salmonella and Campylobacter detection frequencies were positively associated with the number of poultry houses in the subwatersheds, but agricultural land use as a proportion of the watershed was not a significant predictor of either pathogen. Fecal indicator bacterial levels were assessed and evaluated for their ability to predict the presence of pathogens. Of those examined, enterococci was most predictive; of the 129 samples positive for Salmonella, 88% (113/129) were detected when enterococci were above EPA single sample threshold (61 CFU 100 ml(-1)); and of the 96 samples positive for Campylobacter, 90% (86/96) were detected when enterococci levels exceeded this level. Comparatively, Escherichia coli concentrations were above EPA single sample thresholds in 38% (49/129) of the positive Salmonella samples. Detection of the pathogens throughout the watershed indicated that there was potential for waterborne transmission especially in downstream areas that were more likely to have recreational users. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vereen, Ethel, Jr.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Vereen, Ethel, Jr.; Lowrance, R. Richard] USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Jenkins, Michael B.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Adams, Paige] Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Natl Environm Sound Prod Agr Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Rajeev, Sreekumari] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Lipp, Erin K.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Lipp, EK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 206 Environm Hlth Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM Elipp@uga.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative (NRI) [2006-35102-17328]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service CRIS project funds FX This work was supported by grant 2006-35102-17328 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative (NRI) and by USDA-Agricultural Research Service CRIS project funds. NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 6075 EP 6085 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.028 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 251EG UT WOS:000326910000012 PM 23969398 ER PT J AU Schneider, MPW Pyle, LA Clark, KL Hockaday, WC Masiello, CA Schmidet, MWI AF Schneider, Maximilian P. W. Pyle, Lacey A. Clark, Kenneth L. Hockaday, William C. Masiello, Caroline A. Schmidet, Michael W. I. TI Toward a "Molecular Thermometer" to Estimate the Charring Temperature of Wild land Charcoals Derived from Different Biomass Sources SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLACK CARBON CHARCOAL; ORGANIC-CARBON; FIRE; WOOD; FOREST; SOILS; BIOCHAR; CHARS; PINE; SPECTROSCOPY AB The maximum temperature experienced by biomass during combustion has a strong effect on chemical properties of the resulting charcoal, such as sorption capacity (water and nonpolar materials) and microbial degradability. However, information about the formation temperature of natural charcoal can be difficult to obtain in ecosystems that are not instrumented prior to fires. Benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCA) are molecular markers specific for pyrogenic carbon (PyC) which can provide information on the degree of aromatic condensation in charcoals. Here we apply the BPCA molecular marker method to a set of 10 charcoals produced during an experimental fire in a Pitch pine-scrub oak forest from litter and bark of pitch pine and inkberry plants in the Pine lands National Reserve in New Jersey, USA. We deployed temperature-sensitive crayons throughout the burn site, which recorded the maximum air temperature and made comparisons to the degree of thermal alteration recorded by BPCA molecular markers. Our results show an increase of the degree of aromatic condensation with monitored temperatures for bark biomass, while for needles no clear trend could be observed. For leaf-derived charcoals at increasing monitored fire temperatures, decreasing degree of aromatic condensation was obtained. This suggests that molecular markers can be used to roughly estimate the maximum fire temperatures experienced by bark and wood materials, but not based on leaf- and needle-derived materials. Possible applications include verifying declared pyrolysis temperatures of biochars and evaluating ecosystem fire temperature postburn. C1 [Schneider, Maximilian P. W.; Schmidet, Michael W. I.] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Pyle, Lacey A.; Masiello, Caroline A.] Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Clark, Kenneth L.] US Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest, USDA, New Lisbon, NJ 08064 USA. [Hockaday, William C.] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76706 USA. RP Schmidet, MWI (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. EM michael.schmidt@geo.uzh.ch RI Masiello, Caroline/A-2653-2011; Pyle, Lacey/I-2981-2015; Schmidt, Michael W. I./G-5186-2012 OI Masiello, Caroline/0000-0003-2102-6229; Pyle, Lacey/0000-0001-5928-8609; Hockaday, William/0000-0002-0501-0393; Schmidt, Michael W. I./0000-0002-7227-0646 NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 20 BP 11490 EP 11495 DI 10.1021/es401430f PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 240UQ UT WOS:000326123600017 PM 24040784 ER PT J AU Torkzaban, S Bradford, SA Wan, JM Tokunaga, T Masoudih, A AF Torkzaban, Saeed Bradford, Scott A. Wan, Jiamin Tokunaga, Tetsu Masoudih, Arash TI Release of Quantum Dot Nanoparticles in Porous Media: Role of Cation Exchange and Aging Time SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLLOID-FACILITATED TRANSPORT; TRANSIENT-CHEMICAL CONDITIONS; IONIC-STRENGTH; FULLERENE NANOPARTICLES; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; GENETIC ALGORITHM; QUARTZ SANDS; DEPOSITION; MODEL; KINETICS AB Understanding the fate and transport of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in subsurface environments is required for developing the best strategy for waste management and disposal of these materials. In this study, the deposition and release of quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles were studied in saturated sand columns. The QDs were first deposited in columns using 100 mM NaCl or 2 mM CaCl2 solutions. Deposited QDs were then contacted with deionized (DI) water and/or varying Na+ concentrations to induce release. QDs deposited in 100 mM Na+ were easily reversible when the column was rinsed with DI water. Conversely, QDs deposited in the presence of Ca2+ exhibited resistance to release with DI water. However, significant release occurred when the columns were flushed with NaCl solutions. This release behavior was explained by cation exchange (Ca2+ in exchange sites were replaced by Na+) which resulted in the breakdown of calcium bridging. We also studied the effect of aging time on the QD release. As the aging time increased, smaller amounts of QDs were released following cation exchange. However, deposited QDs were subsequently released when the column was flushed with DI water. The release behavior was modeled using a single first-order kinetic release process and changes in the maximum solid phase concentration of deposited QDs with transition in solution chemistry. The results of this study demonstrate that the presence of carboxyl groups on ENPs and divalent ions in the solution plays a key role in controlling ENP mobility in the subsurface environment. C1 [Torkzaban, Saeed] CSIRO, Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Wan, Jiamin; Tokunaga, Tetsu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Masoudih, Arash] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Torkzaban, S (reprint author), CSIRO, Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. EM saeed.torkzaban@csiro.au RI Torkzaban, Saeed/G-7377-2013; Wan, Jiamin/H-6656-2014; Tokunaga, Tetsu/H-2790-2014 OI Torkzaban, Saeed/0000-0002-5146-9461; Tokunaga, Tetsu/0000-0003-0861-6128 FU joint BER-EPA-NSF Nanoparticulate Research Program of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Funding was provided through the joint BER-EPA-NSF Nanoparticulate Research Program of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 53 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 20 BP 11528 EP 11536 DI 10.1021/es402075f PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 240UQ UT WOS:000326123600022 PM 24041419 ER PT J AU Zurlini, G Petrosillo, I Jones, KB Li, BL Riitters, KH Medagli, P Marchiori, S Zaccarelli, N AF Zurlini, Giovanni Petrosillo, Irene Jones, Kenneth Bruce Li, Bai-Lian Riitters, Kurt Hans Medagli, Pietro Marchiori, Silvano Zaccarelli, Nicola TI Towards the planning and design of disturbance patterns across scales to counter biological invasions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cross-scale disturbance patterns; Critical thresholds of disturbance; Invasibility map; Disturbance planning and design; Neutral landscape models ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; LAND-USE; MULTIPLE SCALES; EXTINCTION THRESHOLDS; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE PATTERNS; FRACTAL LANDSCAPES; SPATIAL SCALES; NEUTRAL MODELS; ECOLOGY AB The way in which disturbances from human land use are patterned in space across scales can have important consequences for efforts to govern human/environment with regard to, but not only, invasive spread-dispersal processes. In this context, we explore the potential of disturbance patterns along a continuum of scales as proxies for identifying the geographical regions prone to spread of invasive plant species. To this end, we build on a previous framework of cross-scale disturbance patterns, exercising the approach for the Apulia region (South Italy). We first review procedures and results introducing disturbance maps and sliding windows to measure composition (amount) and configuration (contagion) of disturbance patterns both for real and simulated landscapes from random, multifractal and hierarchical neutral models. We introduce cross-scale disturbance profiles obtained by clustering locations from real and simulated landscapes, which are used as foils for comparison to the real landscapes on the same pattern transition space. Critical percolation thresholds derived from landscape observations and theoretical works are discussed in order to identify critical scale domains. With reference to the actual land use and invasive alien flora correlates of disturbance patterns, a cross-scale "invasibility" map of the Apulia region is derived, which shows sub-regions and scale domains with different potentials for the invasive spread of undesirable species. We discuss the potential effect of contagious and non-contagious disturbances like climate change and why multifractal-like disturbance patterns might be more desirable than others to counter biological invasions in a multi-scale and multi-level context of adaptive planning, design and management of disturbance. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zurlini, Giovanni; Petrosillo, Irene; Zaccarelli, Nicola] Univ Salento, Ecotekne, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Lab Landscape Ecol, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Jones, Kenneth Bruce] Desert Res Inst, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Li, Bai-Lian] Univ Calif Riverside, Coll Nat & Agr Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Riitters, Kurt Hans] US Forest Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Medagli, Pietro; Marchiori, Silvano] Univ Salento, Ecotekne, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Lab Systemat Bot, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. RP Petrosillo, I (reprint author), Univ Salento, Ecotekne, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Lab Landscape Ecol, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. EM irene.petrosillo@unisalento.it RI Petrosillo, Irene/N-8039-2015; OI Petrosillo, Irene/0000-0002-7359-4095; Zurlini, Giovanni/0000-0002-2432-5294 NR 78 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 54 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 128 BP 192 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.006 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 241YA UT WOS:000326203400022 PM 23747370 ER PT J AU Bar-Massada, A Stewart, SI Hammer, RB Mockrin, MH Radeloff, VC AF Bar-Massada, Avi Stewart, Susan I. Hammer, Roger B. Mockrin, Miranda H. Radeloff, Volker C. TI Using structure locations as a basis for mapping the wildland urban interface SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Wildland urban interface; Structure locations; Mapping ID WISCONSIN PINE-BARRENS; UNITED-STATES; FIRE REGIMES; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; USA; PATTERNS AB The wildland urban interface (WUI) delineates the areas where wildland fire hazard most directly impacts human communities and threatens lives and property, and where houses exert the strongest influence on the natural environment. Housing data are a major problem for WUI mapping. When housing data are zonal, the concept of a WUI neighborhood can be captured easily in a density measure, but variations in zone (census block) size and shape introduce bias. Other housing data are points, so zonal issues are avoided, but the neighborhood character of the WUI is lost if houses are evaluated individually. Our goal was to develop a consistent method to map the WUI that is able to determine where neigh-borhoods (or clusters of houses) exist, using just housing location and wildland fuel data. We used structure and vegetation maps and a moving window analysis, with various window sizes representing neighborhood sizes, to calculate the neighborhood density of both houses and wildland vegetation. Mapping four distinct areas (in WI, MI, CA and CO) the method resulted in amounts of WUI comparable to those of zonal mapping, but with greater precision. We conclude that this hybrid method is a useful alternative to zonal mapping from the neighborhood to the landscape scale, and results in maps that are better suited to operational fire management (e.g., fuels reduction) needs, while maintaining consistency with conceptual and U.S. policy-specific WUI definitions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bar-Massada, Avi] Univ Haifa, Dept Biol & Environm, IL-36006 Qiryat Tivon, Israel. [Stewart, Susan I.; Mockrin, Miranda H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Sociol Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bar-Massada, A (reprint author), Univ Haifa, Dept Biol & Environm, IL-36006 Qiryat Tivon, Israel. EM barmassada@gmail.com RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 128 BP 540 EP 547 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.021 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 241YA UT WOS:000326203400060 PM 23831676 ER PT J AU Hammer, NL Boateng, AA Mullen, CA Wheeler, MC AF Hammer, Nicole L. Boateng, Akwasi A. Mullen, Charles A. Wheeler, M. Clayton TI Aspen Plus (R) and economic modeling of equine waste utilization for localized hot water heating via fast pyrolysis SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aspen Plus (R) modeling; Fast pyrolysis; Pyrolysis oil; Manure; Biomass ID BIO-OIL; BIOMASS PYROLYSIS; POULTRY LITTER; MANURE; COMBUSTION; CONVERSION; BIOENERGY AB Aspen Plus(R) based simulation models have been developed to design a pyrolysis process for on-site production and utilization of pyrolysis oil from equine waste at the Equine Rehabilitation Center at Morrisville State College (MSC). The results indicate that utilization of all the available waste from the site's 41 horses requires a 6 oven dry metric ton per day (ODMTPD) pyrolysis system but it will require a 15 ODMTPD system for waste generated by an additional 150 horses at the expanded area including the College and its vicinity. For this a dual fluidized bed combustion reduction integrated pyrolysis system (CRIPS) developed at USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) was identified as the technology of choice for pyrolysis oil production. The Aspen Plus(R) model was further used to consider the combustion of the produced pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) in the existing boilers that generate hot water for space heating at the Equine Center. The model results show the potential for both the equine facility and the College to displace diesel fuel (fossil) with renewable pyrolysis oil and alleviate a costly waste disposal problem. We predict that all the heat required to operate the pyrolyzer could be supplied by non-condensable gas and about 40% of the biochar co-produced with bio-oil. Techno-economic Analysis shows neither design is economical at current market conditions; however the 15 ODMTPD CRIPS design would break even when diesel prices reach $11.40/gal. This can be further improved to $7.50/gal if the design capacity is maintained at 6 ODMTPD but operated at 4950 h per annum. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hammer, Nicole L.; Boateng, Akwasi A.; Mullen, Charles A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Wheeler, M. Clayton] Univ Maine, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Wheeler, M. Clayton] Univ Maine, Forest Bioprod Res Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov RI Wheeler, M Clayton/C-9649-2012 OI Wheeler, M Clayton/0000-0003-1113-1324 FU U.S. Department of Energy, EPSCoR [DE-FG02-07ER46373] FX The authors would like to thank Winnie Yee, Andrew McAloon, Neil Goldberg and Craig Einfeldt of the Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC/ARS/USDA), and Jose Carrasco of the University of Maine, Orono, ME for their technical support. We thank Dr. Benjamin Ballard of Morrisville State College and the staff at the Morrisville State College Equine Rehabilitation Center for providing the feedstock and valuable discussions. Wheeler acknowledges financial support from U.S. Department of Energy, EPSCoR grant #DE-FG02-07ER46373. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 47 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 128 BP 594 EP 601 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.008 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 241YA UT WOS:000326203400065 PM 23845952 ER PT J AU Zhou, D Lin, ZL Liu, LM Zimmermann, D AF Zhou, De Lin, Zhulu Liu, Liming Zimmermann, David TI Assessing secondary soil salinization risk based on the PSR sustainability framework SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Secondary soil salinization; Salinity risk assessment; Agricultural sustainability; PSR framework; Grey theory model; Yinchuan Plain ID YELLOW-RIVER BASIN; GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS; MURRAY-DARLING BASIN; LAND-USE CHANGE; IRRIGATION DISTRICT; DRYLAND SALINITY; MULTICRITERIA EVALUATION; CANADIAN PRAIRIES; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; CHINA AB Risk assessment of secondary soil salinization, which is caused in part by the way people manage the land, is an essential challenge to agricultural sustainability. The objective of our study was to develop a soil salinity risk assessment methodology by selecting a consistent set of risk factors based on the conceptual Pressure-State-Response (PSR) sustainability framework and incorporating the grey relational analysis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process methods. The proposed salinity risk assessment methodology was demonstrated through a case study of developing composite risk index maps for the Yinchuan Plain, a major irrigation agriculture district in northwest China. Fourteen risk factors were selected in terms of the three PSR criteria: pressure, state, and response. The results showed that the salinity risk in the Yinchuan Plain was strongly influenced by the subsoil and groundwater salinity, land use, distance to irrigation canals, and depth to groundwater. To maintain agricultural sustainability in the Yinchuan Plain, a suite of remedial and preventative actions were proposed to manage soil salinity risk in the regions that are affected by salinity at different levels and by different salinization processes. The weight sensitivity analysis results also showed that the overall salinity risk of the Yinchuan Plain would increase or decrease as the weights for pressure or response risk factors increased, signifying the importance of human activities on secondary soil salinization. Ideally, the proposed methodology will help us develop more consistent management tools for risk assessment and management and for control of secondary soil salinization. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, De; Liu, Liming] China Agr Univ, Dept Land Resources Management, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Lin, Zhulu] N Dakota State Univ, NDSU Dept 7620, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Zimmermann, David] USDA NRCS, MLRA Soil Survey Reg Off 12, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Zhou, De] Zhejiang Gongshang Univ, Dept Land Resources Management, Hangzhou 310018, Peoples R China. RP Liu, LM (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Land Resources Management, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM zhoude520@gmail.com; liulm@cau.edu.cn OI Lin, Zhulu/0000-0003-4143-2910 FU Chinese National Natural Science Fund [41130526, 41071146]; Chinese Government Scholarship Program FX This project was supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Fund (Project Nos.: 41130526 and 41071146). The soil and groundwater salinity data are provided by Mr. Yuanpei Zhang, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry of China. Dr. De Zhou was a Ph.D. candidate of China Agricultural University and North Dakota State University at Fargo (USA) with financial support partially provided by the Chinese Government Scholarship Program. The authors want to thank the anonymous reviewers for their invaluable comments that led to a much improved manuscript. NR 93 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 50 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 128 BP 642 EP 654 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.025 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 241YA UT WOS:000326203400071 PM 23845958 ER PT J AU Teague, R Provenza, F Kreuter, U Steffens, T Barnes, M AF Teague, Richard Provenza, Fred Kreuter, Urs Steffens, Tim Barnes, Matt TI Multi-paddock grazing on rangelands: Why the perceptual dichotomy between research results and rancher experience? SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Adaptive management; Grazing systems; Grazed ecosystems; Rangeland restoration; Socio-ecological resilience; Science and management ID COW-CALF PRODUCTION; PLANT BIOCHEMICAL DIVERSITY; FIRE RESTORATION STRATEGIES; ECONOMIC SIMULATION-MODEL; TEXAS-EXPERIMENTAL-RANCH; TALL GRASS PRAIRIE; SHORT-DURATION; STOCKING RATES; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; VEGETATION RESPONSES AB Maintaining or enhancing the productive capacity and resilience of rangeland ecosystems is critical for the continued support of people who depend on them for their livelihoods, especially in the face of climatic change. This is also necessary for the continued delivery of ecosystem services derived from rangelands for the broader benefit of societies around the world. Multi-paddock grazing management has been recommended since the mid-20th century as an important tool to adaptively manage rangelands ecosystems to sustain productivity and improve animal management. Moreover, there is much anecdotal evidence from producers that, if applied appropriately, multi-paddock grazing can improve forage and livestock production. By contrast, recent reviews of published rangeland-based grazing systems studies have concluded that, in general, field trials show no superiority of vegetation or animal production in multi-paddock grazing relative to continuous yearlong stocking of single-paddock livestock production systems. Our goal is to provide a framework for rangeland management decisions that support the productivity and resiliency of rangelands and then to identify why different perceptions exist among rangeland managers who have effectively used multi-paddock grazing systems and research scientists who have studied them. First, we discuss the ecology of grazed ecosystems under free-ranging herbivores and under single-paddock fenced conditions. Second, we identify five principles underpinning the adaptive management actions used by successful grazing managers and the ecological, physiological, and behavioral framework they use to achieve desired conservation, production, and financial goals. Third, we examine adaptive management principles needed to successfully manage rangelands subjected to varying environmental conditions. Fourth, we describe the differences between the interpretation of results of grazing systems research reported in the scientific literature and the results reported by successful grazing managers; we highlight the shortcomings of most of the previously conducted grazing systems research for providing information relevant for rangeland managers who aim to achieve desired environmental and economic goals. Finally, we outline knowledge gaps and present testable hypotheses to broaden our understanding of how planned multi-paddock grazing management can be used at the ranching enterprise scale to facilitate the adaptive management of rangelands under dynamic environmental conditions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Teague, Richard; Kreuter, Urs] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Teague, Richard] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Vernon, TX 76384 USA. [Provenza, Fred] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Steffens, Tim] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Springfield, CO 81073 USA. [Barnes, Matt] Shining Horizons Land Management LLC, San Luis, CO 81152 USA. RP Teague, R (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res Ctr, POB 1658, Vernon, TX 76384 USA. EM r-teague@tamu.edu FU Texas A&M AgriLife Research [H 8179] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding provided by the Texas A&M AgriLife Research under project H 8179. Some of the ideas presented in this manuscript were previously published in: Benefits of Multi-Paddock Grazing Management on Rangelands: Limitations of Experimental Grazing Research and Knowledge Gaps. In: Grasslands: Ecology, Management and Restoration, Editor: Hans G. Schroder, pp. 41-80. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60692-023-7. They are included with permission from Nova Science Publishers, Inc. NR 212 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 86 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 128 BP 699 EP 717 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.064 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 241YA UT WOS:000326203400077 PM 23850765 ER PT J AU Barnaby, JY Kim, M Bauchan, G Bunce, J Reddy, V Sicher, RC AF Barnaby, Jinyoung Y. Kim, Moon Bauchan, Gary Bunce, James Reddy, Vangimalla Sicher, Richard Charles TI Drought Responses of Foliar Metabolites in Three Maize Hybrids Differing in Water Stress Tolerance SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLANT-RESPONSES; BARLEY; GENES; EXPRESSION; ENRICHMENT; GALACTINOL; PHYSIOLOGY; LEAVES AB Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids varying in drought tolerance were treated with water stress in controlled environments. Experiments were performed during vegetative growth and water was withheld for 19 days beginning 17 days after sowing. Genotypic comparisons used measured changes of leaf water potential or results were expressed by time of treatment. Total dry matter of the drought tolerant hybrid on the final harvest was 53% less than that of the intermediate and susceptible maize hybrids when plants were water sufficient. This showed that maize hybrids selected for extreme drought tolerance possessed a dwarf phenotype that affected soil water contents and leaf water potentials. Changes of shoot and root growth, leaf water potential, net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in response to the time of water stress treatment were diminished when comparing the drought tolerant to the intermediate or susceptible maize hybrids. Genotypic differences were observed in 26 of 40 total foliar metabolites during water stress treatments. Hierarchical clustering revealed that the tolerant maize hybrid initiated the accumulation of stress related metabolites at higher leaf water potentials than either the susceptible or intermediate hybrids. Opposite results occurred when changes of metabolites in maize leaves were expressed temporally. The above results demonstrated that genotypic differences were readily observed by comparing maize hybrids differing in drought tolerance based on either time of treatment or measured leaf water potential. Current findings provided new and potentially important insights into the mechanisms of drought tolerance in maize. C1 [Barnaby, Jinyoung Y.; Bunce, James; Reddy, Vangimalla; Sicher, Richard Charles] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kim, Moon] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Bauchan, Gary] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Sicher, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Richard.Sicher@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e77145 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077145 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 237TP UT WOS:000325894100043 PM 24143208 ER PT J AU Morris, JL Brunelle, A Munson, AS Spencer, J Power, MJ AF Morris, Jesse L. Brunelle, Andrea Munson, A. Steven Spencer, Jessica Power, Mitchell J. TI Holocene vegetation and fire reconstructions from the Aquarius Plateau, Utah, USA SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SAN-JUAN MOUNTAINS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; LAMINATED LAKE-SEDIMENTS; SOUTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; CHARCOAL ACCUMULATION; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; COLORADO PLATEAU AB Micropaleontological assemblages from two lakes located on the Aquarius Plateau in southern Utah were investigated to evaluate changes in vegetation, fire disturbance, and paleoclimate over the last 8600 years. This paper presents reconstructions of Holocene landscape conditions and wildfire dynamics in the subalpine zone of the Colorado Plateau. During the early Holocene, forests on the Aquarius Plateau were dominated by spruce and pine at upper elevations and mixed conifer forests at mid-elevation sites. Fire return intervals were the most frequent of the record, averaging 250 years between burning episodes. Proxy-based reconstructions of the middle Holocene suggest warmer climate conditions relative-to-present with variable moisture availability. During the middle Holocene, the forest zone on the Aquarius Plateau contracted where both lower and upper timberline retreated upslope and down-slope, respectively. Fire frequency was similar to early Holocene though overall charcoal accumulations were reduced. In the late Holocene, forests in the subalpine zone became dominated by spruce, fir, and aspen while at mid-elevation forests dominated by Douglas fir, spruce, and pine established. The most striking result indicates that evidence of fire was essentially absent from the Aquarius Plateau during the late Holocene until the arrival of European settlers to the region c. 1850. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved. C1 [Morris, Jesse L.; Brunelle, Andrea; Spencer, Jessica; Power, Mitchell J.] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Munson, A. Steven] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Power, Mitchell J.] Univ Utah, Garrett Herbarium, Nat Hist Museum Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Morris, JL (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, POB 64,Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM jesse.morris@helsinki.fi RI ZY, Zhang/N-8512-2015 NR 113 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1040-6182 J9 QUATERN INT JI Quat. Int. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 111 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.10.055 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 242CD UT WOS:000326214100010 ER PT J AU Millar, CI Westfall, RD Delany, DL AF Millar, Constance I. Westfall, Robert D. Delany, Diane L. TI Thermal and hydrologic attributes of rock glaciers and periglacial talus landforms: Sierra Nevada, California, USA SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; CLIMATIC RELATIONSHIPS; BASIN AB To explore thermal regimes and hydrologic capacity of rock glaciers and related periglacial talus land-forms, mini-thermochrons were deployed in and around potentially ice-embedded features of the Sierra Nevada. Results from pilot studies at 13 rock glaciers and 7 taluses indicate that outlet springs from these landforms generally do not desiccate but persist year-round as ice (frozen) in winter and flowing water in the warm season. Temperatures of water (liquid and ice) in rock-glacier outlet springs had an annual mean of -0.2 degrees C and mean of 0.6 degrees C during the warm season with very low diurnal fluctuation. These and other attributes suggest the existence of internal ice and/or permafrost supplying the springs. Air temperatures of rock-glacier matrices (1 m below the surface) versus surface air corroborate the periglacial nature of internal environments: annual air temperatures of matrices were below freezing (mean, -0.8 degrees C). Compared to surface air, especially during the warm season, matrix air temperatures were significantly colder and fluctuated less. Talus landforms followed a similar pattern, although water- and matrix air temperatures were warmer, and contrasts with surface air were not as strong as for rock glaciers. For rock glaciers and talus slopes, matrix air temperatures showed resistance (buffering) to changes in external air temperatures. Unique geomorphic conditions of rock glaciers and periglacial taluses in the Sierra Nevada appear to maintain cool-buffered thermal regimes at least partly decoupled from external air. Springs support persistent wetlands and lakes at their snouts, retaining water in otherwise semi-arid high cirques, and contribute as hydrologic reserves and critical habitat for alpine biota. Daily and seasonal lags and buffering effects suggest that ice within these landforms might resist surface warming on the longer term, which could make these landforms increasingly important as regional climates change. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved. C1 [Millar, Constance I.; Westfall, Robert D.; Delany, Diane L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Millar, CI (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us; bwestfall@fs.fed.us; ddelany@fs.fed.us OI Westfall, Bob/0000-0002-8315-3322 NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1040-6182 EI 1873-4553 J9 QUATERN INT JI Quat. Int. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 310 BP 169 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.07.019 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 242CD UT WOS:000326214100014 ER PT J AU Akinosho, H Hawkins, S Wicker, L AF Akinosho, Hannah Hawkins, Samantha Wicker, Louise TI Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose substituent analysis and rheological properties SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; FT-IR; Raman; Rheology; Crystallinity; Methylation ID FT-RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CELLULOSE-I CRYSTALLINITY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MATRIX TABLETS; HPMC; HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYLCELLULOSE; PECTINS; ESTERIFICATION; GELATION; RELEASE AB The methyl and hydroxypropyl substituents in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) affect the resulting gel properties. These substituents in five HPMC gels were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, small-amplitude oscillatory shear measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In FT-IR spectra, the most intense peak appeared at 1053 cm(-1), denoting the presence of the glucose ring. The ratio of peak intensities at 1452 cm(-1), which represents -C-H absorptions, and at 1053 cm(-1) (I-1452/I-1053) and percent methylation from gas chromatography exhibited a linear association (r(2) =0.6296). The broadening of the Raman spectra indicated that the relative crystallinity of HPMC decreases with increasing hydroxypropyl contents. DSC showed no linear relationship between the percent hydroxypropylation in HPMC and the percentage of free water in an HPMC gel. Small-amplitude oscillatory shear measurements revealed that the formation of an entanglements networks and/or weak gel depends on substituent contents. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wicker, Louise] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hawkins, Samantha] ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Wicker, Louise] Korea Univ, Dept Home Econ Educ, Coll Educ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Akinosho, Hannah] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Wicker, L (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 100 Cedar St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM lwicker@uga.edu NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 98 IS 1 BP 276 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.081 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 236YO UT WOS:000325835600036 PM 23987345 ER PT J AU Fanta, GF Kenar, JA Felker, FC AF Fanta, George F. Kenar, James A. Felker, Frederick C. TI Preparation and properties of amylose complexes prepared from hexadecylamine and its hydrochloride salt SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Starch; Jet cook; Spherulites ID STEAM JET COOKING; SODIUM PALMITATE COMPLEXES; AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS; COOKED MIXTURES; FATTY-ACIDS; STARCH; POLYSACCHARIDES; FLOCCULATION; SPHERULITES; MORPHOLOGY AB Amylose inclusion complexes were prepared from jet-cooked aqueous mixtures of high amylose corn starch and 1-hexadecylamine (HDA). Slow-cooling produced torus/disc-shaped spherulites, whereas aggregates of smaller spherulites were obtained by rapid-cooling in ice. The morphologies and 6(1)V X-ray diffraction patterns of these spherulites were similar to those of spherulites obtained previously with palmitic acid, indicating that spherulite morphology is influenced largely by the hydrophobic structure of the carbon chain of the complex-forming ligand and to a lesser extent by the nature of the more polar head group. Water soluble, cationic amylose inclusion complexes were prepared by adding an aqueous solution of the HCl salt of HDA to a jet-cooked dispersion of high amylose starch. The cationic nature of these HDA center dot HCl complexes suggests possible applications as flocculating agents for water purification and as retention aids in papermaking. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fanta, George F.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Units, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kenar, James A.; Felker, Frederick C.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Funct Foods Res Units, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Felker, FC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Funct Foods Res Units, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM george.fanta@ars.usda.gov; jim.kenar@ars.usda.gov; frederick.felker@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 98 IS 1 BP 555 EP 561 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.028 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 236YO UT WOS:000325835600072 PM 23987381 ER PT J AU Zingg, JM Han, SN Pang, E Meydani, M Meydani, SN Azzi, A AF Zingg, Jean-Marc Han, Sung Nim Pang, Eunice Meydani, Mohsen Meydani, Simin Nikbin Azzi, Angelo TI In vivo regulation of gene transcription by alpha- and gamma-tocopherol in murine T lymphocytes SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Vitamin E; Tocopherol; T cell stimulation; Diet supplementation; Gene expression regulation ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROSTATE-CANCER CELLS; SYNTHETIC VITAMIN-E; PPAR-GAMMA; PKC-ALPHA; LLU-ALPHA; OLD MICE; EXPRESSION; PROLIFERATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Of the 8 different analogues (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-tocopherols and tocotrienols) designated as vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T) has been mostly studied, together with gamma-tocopherol (gamma-T) which is abundant in the US diet. We compared the effect of dietary supplementation with adequate or high doses of alpha-T or gamma-T on the number and type of genes expressed following T cell activation. C57BL/6 mice were fed diets containing adequate (30 ppm) or high (500 ppm) amounts of alpha-T or gamma-T for 4 weeks. Spleen T cells were stimulated ex vivo with plate-bound anti-CD3 and soluble anti-CD28, and gene expression changes were assessed by gene array analysis. The data obtained indicated significant qualitative and quantitative differences between the two analogs in regulating gene expression induced by T cell stimulation. Genes were found uniquely responding to either high alpha-T (e.g. induced: CD40 ligand, lymphotoxin A) or gamma-T (e.g. repressed: poliovirus receptor-related-2). Interestingly, in stimulated T-cells from mice supplemented with high amounts of alpha-T a bigger number of genes were activated than in mice supplemented with the same amounts of gamma-T; under the same conditions gamma-T repressed the expression of a number of genes larger than alpha-T. It is possible that the observed diminution in gene expression in T cells after high gamma-T in vivo supplementation modulates inflammation or other T cell mediated functions. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zingg, Jean-Marc; Meydani, Mohsen; Azzi, Angelo] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM,Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Han, Sung Nim] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Human Ecol, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul, South Korea. [Pang, Eunice; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM,Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Azzi, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM angelo.azzi@tufts.edu FU BASF; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work was in part supported BASF and by grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Contract Agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We would like Stephanie Marco for her assistance in the preparation of this manuscript. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 EI 1096-0384 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 538 IS 2 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.abb.2013.08.010 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 235RC UT WOS:000325737400007 PM 23993952 ER PT J AU Snodgrass, RG Huang, S Choi, IW Rutledge, JC Hwang, DH AF Snodgrass, Ryan G. Huang, Shurong Choi, Il-Whan Rutledge, John C. Hwang, Daniel H. TI Inflammasome-Mediated Secretion of IL-1 beta in Human Monocytes through TLR2 Activation; Modulation by Dietary Fatty Acids SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-2; INDUCED INSULIN-RESISTANCE; TRIGLYCERIDE-RICH LIPOPROTEINS; BETA-CELL DYSFUNCTION; LIPID RAFTS; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS AB Many studies have shown that TLR4- and TLR2-deficient mice are protected from high-fat diet-induced inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting that saturated fatty acids derived from the high-fat diet activate TLR-mediated proinflammatory signaling pathways and induce insulin resistance. However, evidence that palmitic acid, the major dietary saturated fatty acid, can directly activate TLR has not been demonstrated. In this article, we present multiple lines of evidence showing that palmitic acid directly activates TLR2, a major TLR expressed on human monocytes, by inducing heterodimerization with TLR1 in an NADPH oxidase-dependent manner. Dimerization of TLR2 with TLR1 was inhibited by the n-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid. Activation of TLR2 by palmitic acid leads to expression of pro-IL-1 beta that is cleaved by caspase-1, which is constitutively present in monocytes, to release mature IL-1 beta. Our results reveal mechanistic insight about how palmitic acid activates TLR2, upregulates NALP3 expression, and induces inflammasome-mediated IL-1 beta production in human monocytes, which can trigger enhanced inflammation in peripheral tissues, and suggest that these processes are dynamically modulated by the types of dietary fat we consume. C1 [Snodgrass, Ryan G.; Huang, Shurong; Hwang, Daniel H.] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Snodgrass, Ryan G.; Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Choi, Il-Whan] Inje Univ, Dept Microbiol, Pusan 614735, South Korea. [Rutledge, John C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hwang, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM daniel.hwang@ars.usda.gov FU National Institutes of Health [R01 DK064007, R01 DK41868, R01 AG039094]; Western Human Nutrition Research Center/Agricultural Research Service/U.S. Department of Agriculture [5306-51530-017-00D] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grants R01 DK064007, R01 DK41868, R01 AG039094) and the Western Human Nutrition Research Center/Agricultural Research Service/U.S. Department of Agriculture (5306-51530-017-00D). NR 89 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 191 IS 8 BP 4337 EP 4347 DI 10.4049/jimmunol.1300298 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 232IT UT WOS:000325487700040 PM 24043885 ER PT J AU Root, HT Geiser, LH Fenn, ME Jovan, S Hutten, MA Ahuja, S Dillman, K Schirokauer, D Berryman, S McMurray, JA AF Root, Heather T. Geiser, Linda H. Fenn, Mark E. Jovan, Sarah Hutten, Martin A. Ahuja, Suraj Dillman, Karen Schirokauer, David Berryman, Shanti McMurray, Jill A. TI A simple tool for estimating throughfall nitrogen deposition in forests of western North America using lichens SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Critical loads; Lichens; Nitrogen deposition; Throughfall ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; CRITICAL LOADS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-PARK; USA; WASHINGTON; CALIFORNIA; NUTRIENT; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AB Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition has had substantial impacts on forests of North America. Managers seek to monitor deposition to identify areas of concern and establish critical loads, which define the amount of deposition that can be tolerated by ecosystems without causing substantial harm. We present a new monitoring approach that estimates throughfall inorganic N deposition from N concentration in lichens collected on site. Across 84 study sites in western North America with measured throughfall, a single regression model effectively estimated N deposition from lichen N concentration with an R-2 of 0.58 and could be improved with the addition of climate covariates including precipitation seasonality and temperature in the wettest quarter to an R-2 of 0.74. By restricting the model to the more intensively sampled region including Oregon, Washington, and California, the R-2 increased to 0.77. Because lichens are readily available, analysis is cost-effective, and accuracy is unaffected by mountainous terrain, this method allows development of deposition estimates at sites across broad spatial and topographic scales. Our approach can allow land managers to identify areas at risk of N critical load exceedance, which can be used for planning and management of air pollution impacts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Root, Heather T.; Geiser, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Air Resource Management Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PSW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Jovan, Sarah] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Hutten, Martin A.] Natl Pk Serv, USDI, Mineral, CA 96063 USA. [Ahuja, Suraj] Reg Fire & Aviat Off, Mcclellan, CA 95652 USA. [Dillman, Karen] Tongass Natl Forest, Petersburg, AK 99833 USA. [Schirokauer, David] Denali Natl Pk & Preserve, Denali Natl Pk, AK 99755 USA. [Berryman, Shanti] Integral Ecol Grp, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [McMurray, Jill A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern & Intermt Air Resource Management Progra, Bozeman, MT 59711 USA. RP Root, HT (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM ericarhiza@gmail.com FU FS Air Program (Pacific NW Region); FS Air Program (Pacific SW Region); FS Air Program (Alaska Region); FS Air Program (Northern Rocky Mtns Region); USFS Pacific SW Research Station; USFS Pacific Northwest Research Station (Forest Inventory and Assessment program); NPS Air Resources Division; NPS Southeast Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Program; Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park; Wood Buffalo Association; USFS PNW Region Air Program FX We acknowledge funding for data collection from the FS Air Program (Pacific NW Region, Pacific SW Region, Alaska Region, Northern Rocky Mtns Regions), USFS Pacific SW Research Station, USFS Pacific Northwest Research Station (Forest Inventory and Assessment program), NPS Air Resources Division, the NPS Southeast Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Program, Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, and Wood Buffalo Association, and from the USFS PNW Region Air Program for analysis. Thanks to Roger Eliason (UMN Research Analytical Laboratory) for quantifying lichen N concentrations at nearly all study sites and Dr. James Sickman (University of California - Riverside) for determining N concentrations for L.A. Basin collections. Thanks to Adrienne Simmons from Humboldt State University and Elisa Alphandary from Oregon State University for posing for lichen sampling photos. This manuscript was improved by the comments of two anonymous reviewers. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 306 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.028 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 228MI UT WOS:000325190500001 ER PT J AU Bataineh, M Kenefic, L Weiskittel, A Wagner, R Brissette, J AF Bataineh, Mohammad Kenefic, Laura Weiskittel, Aaron Wagner, Robert Brissette, John TI Influence of partial harvesting and site factors on the abundance and composition of natural regeneration in the Acadian Forest of Maine, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Silviculture; Environmental factors; Variance-partitioning; Relative importance; Spruce-fir; Northeast ID PENOBSCOT EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; ENVIRONMENTAL-INFLUENCES; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SILVICULTURAL REGIMES; MIXEDWOOD STANDS; HARDWOOD FOREST; RED SPRUCE; PATTERNS; DYNAMICS; BOREAL AB Understanding the factors regulating the composition and abundance of natural regeneration in forest ecosystems is critical to sustainable management worldwide. Using a long-term silvicultural experiment in Maine, we partitioned the variation in natural regeneration and examined the contribution of overstory and understory vegetation (biotic factors), substrate and soil attributes (abiotic factors), and silvicultural treatment. We hypothesized that silvicultural treatment (single-tree selection with 5, 10, and 20-year cutting cycles and diameter-limit cutting) would be less influential than abiotic and biotic factors in structuring regeneration pattern. Overall, treatment and site (biotic and abiotic) factors accounted for 26% of the variation in regeneration species composition, highlighting stochasticity of the regeneration process. In support of our hypothesis, regeneration pattern that could be explained was primarily associated with local site factors; overstory and understory vegetation uniquely accounted for 16% of the variation in species composition. Substrate and soil attributes along with silvicultural treatment accounted for 4% of variation, and uniquely accounted for 2% and 4%, respectively. In support of earlier reports, shifts toward hardwood dominance were apparent at early stages of cohort development and were associated with high harvest intensities. Our findings suggested that overstory and understory vegetation exhibit greater control over regeneration patterns than substrate and soil attributes, or silvicultural treatment, in partially harvested Acadian Forest mixedwood stands, and also indicated the potential for composition control through selective overstory removal. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bataineh, Mohammad; Weiskittel, Aaron; Wagner, Robert] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Kenefic, Laura] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Bradley, ME 04411 USA. [Brissette, John] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Bataineh, M (reprint author), Univ Maine, US Forest Serv, USDA, Cooperat Forestry Res Unit, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM mohammad.albataineh@maine.edu RI Kenefic, Laura/H-3177-2014 FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station; University of Maine's Cooperative Forestry Research Unit; Northeastern States Research Cooperative; Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station at the University of Maine [MAFES 3310] FX Funding for this project was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, University of Maine's Cooperative Forestry Research Unit, and the Northeastern States Research Cooperative. We thank Mrs. Elizabeth Olson for providing the data used in this analysis. Review of an earlier version of this manuscript was provided by Dr. Brian Oswald. This work was supported by the Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station at the University of Maine (MAFES 3310). NR 79 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 306 BP 96 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.016 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 228MI UT WOS:000325190500012 ER PT J AU Anandhi, A Zion, MS Gowda, PH Pierson, DC Lounsbury, D Frei, A AF Anandhi, Aavudai Zion, Mark S. Gowda, Prasanna H. Pierson, Donald C. Lounsbury, David Frei, Allan TI Past and future changes in frost day indices in Catskill Mountain region of New York SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Eastern Snow Conference (ESC) CY JUN 05-07, 2012 CL Clayville, NY DE Frost day; last spring freeze; first fall freeze; growing season length ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER-RESOURCES; GROWING-SEASON; NORTH-AMERICA; MODEL; SNOW; USA; TRENDS; FORESTS AB Changes in frost indices in the New York's Catskill Mountains region, the location of water supply reservoirs for New York City, have potentially important implications. Frost day is defined as a day with T-min<0 degrees C. The objective of this study was to investigate past and predicted changes in minimum temperature (T-min) and six frost indices in the Catskill Mountains covering six reservoir watersheds. Studied frost indices included (1) number of frost days, (2) number of months with frost, (3) last spring freeze date (LSF), (4) first fall freeze date (FFF), (5) growing season length (GSL), and (6) frost season length. Past changes in the frost indices were studied using observed daily T-min for each watershed for the periods 1960-2008. Future changes in frost indices for the periods (2045-2065 and 2080-2100) were studied for emission scenarios (A1B, A2, and B1) downscaled from global climate models (GCMs). Results indicated a general increase in average T-min and GSL and a decrease in number of frost days, months with frost, frost season length, earlier LSF, and later FFF from the historical to the future periods, and the magnitude of change varied among the watersheds and GCMs. For the period 1960-2000, in all watersheds (except Cannonsville), LSF occurred earlier by 2.6-4.3days/decade, FFF occurred later by 2.7-3.2day/decade, and GSL was longer by 2.4-4day/decade. Among the scenarios and GCMs, LSF occurred earlier by 4-11 and 4.5-15days/decade for the periods 2045-2065 and 2081-2100, respectively; FFF occurred later by 1-10 and 4-13days/decade for the periods 2045-2065 and 2081-2100, respectively; and GSL was longer by 10-25 and 13-40days/decade for the periods 2045-2065 and 2081-2100, respectively. The increase in GSL is expected to affect hydrologic, ecosystem, and biogeochemical processes with increased net primary productivity and a resulting increase in total annual evapotranspiration. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Anandhi, Aavudai] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zion, Mark S.; Pierson, Donald C.; Lounsbury, David] New York City Dept Environm Protect, Water Qual Modeling Grp, Kingston, NY USA. [Gowda, Prasanna H.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Frei, Allan] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Geog, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Anandhi, A (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM anandhi@ksu.edu FU National Science Foundation [EPS-0903806]; State of Kansas through Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. EPS-0903806 and matching support from the State of Kansas through Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation. This is the contribution number 13-073-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. We thank the anonymous reviewers for helpful and constructive comments and suggestions. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 21 SI SI BP 3094 EP 3104 DI 10.1002/hyp.9937 PG 11 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 228UT UT WOS:000325217500009 ER PT J AU Prislan, P Gricar, J de Luis, M Smith, KT Cufar, K AF Prislan, Peter Gricar, Jozica de Luis, Martin Smith, Kevin T. Cufar, Katarina TI Phenological variation in xylem and phloem formation in Fagus sylvatica from two contrasting sites SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE European beech; Growing degree days; Intra-annual growth; Leaf phenology; Precipitation; Temperature ID WOOD FORMATION; SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT; SECONDARY PHLOEM; CAMBIAL ACTIVITY; NORWAY SPRUCE; SILVER FIR; ROBINIA-PSEUDOACACIA; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; BOREAL FOREST; DYNAMICS AB Xylem and phloem formation, as well as cambium and leaf phenology, and their relation to weather factors, were studied from 2008 to 2010 in beech (Fagus sylvatica L) trees from two sites in Slovenia with different elevations and weather conditions: Panska reka (PA) (400 m a.s.l.) and Menina planina (ME) (1200 m a.s.l.). During the vegetation periods leaf phenology and dynamics of xylem as well as phloem formation were monitored. Leaf unfolding, onset of cambial cell production and increased number of active phloem cells occurred simultaneously for each site: in mid-April at PA and in the first week of May at ME; all three events were positively related to temperature in the first part of the growth season. Maximum rate of xylem cell production occurred at PA from 20 May until 9 June and about two weeks later at ME. Maximum phloem cell production occurred more than 1 month earlier at both sites. Cessation of xylem and phloem cell production was observed at PA around 19 August and around 10 days earlier at ME. Differentiation of the last-formed xylem cells was concluded by mid-September at both plots. The differences in xylem and phloem formation phases were smaller in the second part of the growth season and can be ascribed to similar temperatures at both plots. Year to year variability of the observed phases was not statistically significant but the differences between the sites were. Phloem formation seems to be less subjected to fluctuations in environmental conditions since the growth ring widths were comparable at both sites. Temperature and growing degree days before the occurrence of most of the observed phenological phases significantly differed between the sites. This demonstrates that the observed differences in xylem and phloem formation between the sites can be attributed to high intra-specific plasticity of beech. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Prislan, Peter; Cufar, Katarina] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Wood Sci & Technol, Biotech Fac, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Gricar, Jozica] Slovenian Forestry Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [de Luis, Martin] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Geog & OT, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [Smith, Kevin T.] USDA Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Prislan, P (reprint author), Univ Ljubljana, Dept Wood Sci & Technol, Biotech Fac, Cesta 8-34, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM peter.prislan@bf.uni-lj.si RI de Luis, Martin/F-2559-2010 OI de Luis, Martin/0000-0002-7585-3636 FU Slovenian Research Agency [P4-0015, P4-0107]; Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (MICINN), programme ELENA [CGL2012-31668]; FEDER programme of the European Union FX This work was supported by the Slovenian Research Agency, young researchers' programme and programmes P4-0015 and P4-0107, by the Spanish Science and Innovation Ministry (MICINN), programme ELENA (CGL2012-31668) and by the FEDER programme of the European Union. The cooperation among international partners was supported by the COST Action FP1106, STREeSS. The authors gratefully acknowledge the help of, Marko Beber and Slovenian Forest service, Milko Detmar and Metropolitana d.o.o., as well as Luka Krze, Martin Zupancic and Maks Merela for their immense help in the field and in the laboratory. NR 57 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 6 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 180 BP 142 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.06.001 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 219MM UT WOS:000324511100015 ER PT J AU Holden, ZA Klene, AE Keefe, RF Moisen, GG AF Holden, Zachary A. Klene, Anna E. Keefe, Robert F. Moisen, Gretchen G. TI Design and evaluation of an inexpensive radiation shield for monitoring surface air temperatures SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Solar radiation shield; Air temperature; Microclimate; Topoclimate ID COMPLEX TERRAIN; CLIMATE AB Inexpensive temperature sensors are widely used in agricultural and forestry research. This paper describes a low-cost (similar to 3 USD) radiation shield (radshield) designed for monitoring surface air temperatures in harsh outdoor environments. We compared the performance of the radshield paired with low-cost temperature sensors at three sites in western Montana to several types of commercially available instruments. Comparisons included observations made under a tree canopy and in full sun with both passive and mechanically aspirated radiation shields. Beneath a forest canopy, temperature sensors housed within the radshield showed bias of less than 0.5 degrees C for hourly temperatures when compared with the same sensors housed in an unaspirated Gill-style shield. Sensors and shields mounted on poles in full sun were slightly warmer under low-wind conditions, but overall were cooler than data from an adjacent Remote Automated Weather Station (RAWS). When compared with observations from a high-quality temperature sensor housed in a mechanically aspirated solar radiation shield used in the Automated Surface Observing Systems (ASOS), observations from inexpensive temperature sensors housed within radshields were biased with mean absolute error of 0.99 degrees C, but performed as well as those housed within a more expensive, commercially available Gill-style radiation shield. Our initial evaluation suggests that the radshield, instrumented with a low-cost sensor is suitable for monitoring surface air temperatures across a range of outdoor environments. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Holden, Zachary A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Klene, Anna E.] Univ Montana, Dept Geog, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Keefe, Robert F.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Moisen, Gretchen G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. RP Holden, ZA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM zaholden@fs.fed.us FU United States Department of Agriculture; USFS [10-CS-11015600-007]; University of Montana; NASA [NNH11ZDA001N-FIRES] FX This research was carried out with funding provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, and USFS Cooperative Agreement # 10-CS-11015600-007 with the University of Montana. Additional funding was also provided by NASA through a NNH11ZDA001N-FIRES award. We thank Chris Gibson, Brandon Crabtree, and David Wheat at the Missoula National Weather Service office in Missoula, MT, for assistance. We thank Dr. Charles Luce for useful discussions during radiation shield testing. We also thank Dr. Timothy Griffis for comments and suggestions that significantly improved the final manuscript. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 180 BP 281 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.06.011 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 219MM UT WOS:000324511100027 ER PT J AU Andrews, KW Pehrsson, PR Betz, JM AF Andrews, Karen W. Pehrsson, Pamela R. Betz, Joseph M. TI Variability in Vitamin D Content Among Products for Multivitamin and Mineral Supplements SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Andrews, Karen W.; Pehrsson, Pamela R.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Betz, Joseph M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Andrews, KW (reprint author), USDA, Nutrient Data Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 005,Room 112, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM karen.andrews@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 2168-6106 EI 2168-6114 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD OCT 14 PY 2013 VL 173 IS 18 BP 1752 EP 1753 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 268TO UT WOS:000328193600025 PM 24126772 ER PT J AU Ntamatungiro, AJ Mayagaya, VS Rieben, S Moore, SJ Dowell, FE Maia, MF AF Ntamatungiro, Alex J. Mayagaya, Valeriana S. Rieben, Stefan Moore, Sarah J. Dowell, Floyd E. Maia, Marta F. TI The influence of physiological status on age prediction of Anopheles arabiensis using near infra-red spectroscopy SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Anopheles arabiensis; Near infra-red spectroscopy; Age-grading; Physiological status ID CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS; GAMBIAE; MALARIA; IDENTIFICATION; MOSQUITOS; CULICIDAE; SURVIVAL; DIPTERA AB Background: Determining the age of malaria vectors is essential for evaluating the impact of interventions that reduce the survival of wild mosquito populations and for estimating changes in vectorial capacity. Near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) is a simple and non-destructive method that has been used to determine the age and species of Anopheles gambiae s.l. by analyzing differences in absorption spectra. The spectra are affected by biochemical changes that occur during the life of a mosquito and could be influenced by senescence and also the life history of the mosquito, i.e., mating, blood feeding and egg-laying events. Methods: To better understand these changes, we evaluated the influence of mosquito physiological status on NIR energy absorption spectra. Mosquitoes were kept in individual cups to permit record keeping of each individual insect's life history. Mosquitoes of the same chronological age, but at different physiological stages, were scanned and compared using cross-validations. Results: We observed a slight trend within some physiological stages that suggest older insects tend to be predicted as being physiologically more mature. It was advantageous to include mosquitoes of different chronological ages and physiological stages in calibrations, as it increases the robustness of the model resulting in better age predictions. Conclusions: Progression through different physiological statuses of An. arabiensis influences the chronological age prediction by the NIRS. Entomologists that wish to use NIR technology to predict the age of field-caught An. gambiae s.l from their study area should use a calibration developed from their field strain using mosquitoes of diverse chronological ages and physiological stages to increase the robustness and accuracy of the predictions. C1 [Ntamatungiro, Alex J.; Mayagaya, Valeriana S.; Moore, Sarah J.; Maia, Marta F.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Ntamatungiro, Alex J.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Rieben, Stefan; Moore, Sarah J.; Maia, Marta F.] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. [Moore, Sarah J.; Maia, Marta F.] Univ Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. [Dowell, Floyd E.] USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Ntamatungiro, AJ (reprint author), Ifakara Hlth Inst, POB 53, Ifakara, Tanzania. EM ajohn@ihi.or.tz OI Ferreira Maia, Marta/0000-0003-3302-5610 FU Masters Fellowship award [094963/Z/10/Z]; Wellcome Trust; Association of Physicians of Great Britain Ireland FX We thank the insectary staff at IHI; Paulina Kasanga, Neema Nombo, Zuhura Kombo, Ally Daraja for rearing mosquitoes and Japheth Kihonda for technical assistance. This study was supported by the Masters Fellowship award (094963/Z/10/Z) provided to AJN by the Wellcome Trust and Association of Physicians of Great Britain & Ireland. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD OCT 14 PY 2013 VL 6 AR 298 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-6-298 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 277NT UT WOS:000328827000001 PM 24499515 ER PT J AU Chumpitazi, BP Mysore, K Tsai, CMW Shulman, RJ AF Chumpitazi, Bruno Pedro Mysore, Krupa Tsai, Cynthia Man-Wai Shulman, Robert Jay TI Interprovider variation of celiac disease testing in childhood chronic abdominal pain SO BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Celiac disease; Children; Abdominal pain; Serology; Variation ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; NORTH-AMERICAN-SOCIETY; PEDIATRIC-GASTROENTEROLOGY; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; HEPATOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; NUTRITION; SYMPTOMS AB Background: To determine within one tertiary care center: 1) the variation between providers in testing for celiac disease in children with chronic abdominal pain; 2) the characteristics of those children who were more likely to be tested, and 3) the prevalence of celiac disease in those evaluated. Methods: Retrospective review of children with a primary complaint of chronic abdominal pain referred to a tertiary care children's hospital for pediatric gastroenterology evaluation over a 2-year period was conducted. Children with at least two visits and without an identified organic etiology for the pain were included. Results: 160 children were evaluated by 16 pediatric gastroenterologists and one nurse practitioner. Celiac serologic testing was completed in 63 (39.4%) children. There was no significant variance in the frequency of celiac serologic testing between providers. Child age, gender, body mass index, and baseline gastrointestinal symptoms did not predict whether celiac serologic testing occurred, though Caucasians (P < 0.01) were more likely to be tested. Eighty-two (51.3%) children underwent either serologic testing and/or esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Four (4.9%, 95% CI: 1.6-11.3%) of the 82 tested were diagnosed with celiac disease. Conclusions: Though interprovider variation for celiac disease testing in children with chronic abdominal pain did not occur, a large number of these children were not evaluated for celiac disease. Children's race/ethnicity but not their associated gastrointestinal symptoms predicted whether celiac testing was undertaken. In those tested, celiac disease was identified in a higher percentage than that expected in the general population. C1 [Chumpitazi, Bruno Pedro; Mysore, Krupa; Tsai, Cynthia Man-Wai; Shulman, Robert Jay] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chumpitazi, Bruno Pedro; Shulman, Robert Jay] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shulman, Robert Jay] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Chumpitazi, BP (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM chumpita@bcm.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01 NR05337, UH2 DK083990, RC2 NR011959]; Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center [P30 DK56338]; NASPGHAN Foundation/Nestle Nutrition Young Investigator Award FX Salary and/or intellectual support to one or more of the authors during the conduct of this study has been provided by the National Institutes of Health (R01 NR05337, UH2 DK083990, and RC2 NR011959; RJS), P30 DK56338 which funds the Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center (RJS, BPC), and the NASPGHAN Foundation/Nestle Nutrition Young Investigator Award (BPC). NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-230X J9 BMC GASTROENTEROL JI BMC Gastroenterol. PD OCT 14 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 150 DI 10.1186/1471-230X-13-150 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 236OL UT WOS:000325807600001 PM 24124697 ER PT J AU Cao, HP Shockey, JM Klasson, KT Chapital, DC Mason, CB Scheffler, BE AF Cao, Heping Shockey, Jay M. Klasson, K. Thomas Chapital, Dorselyn C. Mason, Catherine B. Scheffler, Brian E. TI Developmental Regulation of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Family Gene Expression in Tung Tree Tissues SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TIME RT-PCR; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BIOSYNTHESIS; TRIGLYCERIDE SYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; QUANTITATIVE PCR; VERNICIA-FORDII; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MESSENGER-RNA AB Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT) catalyze the final and rate-limiting step of triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis in eukaryotic organisms. DGAT genes have been identified in numerous organisms. Multiple isoforms of DGAT are present in eukaryotes. We previously cloned DGAT1 and DGAT2 genes of tung tree (Vernicia fordii), whose novel seed TAGs are useful in a wide range of industrial applications. The objective of this study was to understand the developmental regulation of DGAT family gene expression in tung tree. To this end, we first cloned a tung tree gene encoding DGAT3, a putatively soluble form of DGAT that possesses 11 completely conserved amino acid residues shared among 27 DGAT3s from 19 plant species. Unlike DGAT1 and DGAT2 subfamilies, DGAT3 is absent from animals. We then used TaqMan and SYBR Green quantitative real-time PCR, along with northern and western blotting, to study the expression patterns of the three DGAT genes in tung tree tissues. Expression results demonstrate that 1) all three isoforms of DGAT genes are expressed in developing seeds, leaves and flowers; 2) DGAT2 is the major DGAT mRNA in tung seeds, whose expression profile is well-coordinated with the oil profile in developing tung seeds; and 3) DGAT3 is the major form of DGAT mRNA in tung leaves, flowers and immature seeds prior to active tung oil biosynthesis. These results suggest that DGAT2 is probably the major TAG biosynthetic isoform in tung seeds and that DGAT3 gene likely plays a significant role in TAG metabolism in other tissues. Therefore, DGAT2 should be a primary target for tung oil engineering in transgenic organisms. C1 [Cao, Heping; Shockey, Jay M.; Klasson, K. Thomas; Chapital, Dorselyn C.; Mason, Catherine B.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, New Orleans, LA USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] ARS, USDA, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Cao, HP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, New Orleans, LA USA. EM Heping.Cao@ars.usda.gov OI Shockey, Jay/0000-0002-5057-5457; Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081; Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS [6435-41000-106-00D] FX This work was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS 6435-41000-106-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 88 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 28 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 11 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e76946 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076946 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 236SL UT WOS:000325819400090 PM 24146944 ER PT J AU Codling, EE AF Codling, Eton E. TI Effects of Distance and Depth on Total and Bioaccessible Lead Concentrations in Soils from Two Farmhouses in Beltsville, Maryland SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bioaccessible; lead; lead paint ID URBAN; BIOAVAILABILITY; AMENDMENTS; PHOSPHORUS; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; CADMIUM; HAZARDS; DUST AB Movement of soil lead (Pb) has been studied, but Pb bioaccessiblity as a function of distance and depth from houses with histories of lead paint use needs to be investigated. This study investigated the effect of distance and depth on total and bioaccessible Pb near two houses with histories of lead paint use. Soil samples were collected at four distances and four depths. Total and bioaccessible Pb were extracted using 1 N ammonia nitrate and 0.4 m glycine, respectively. Bioaccessible Pb ranged from 27 to 886 mg kg(-1) and from 187 to 4796 mg kg(-1) for houses 1 and 2, respectively. Total and bioaccessible Pb concentrations were greatest at the 0.5 m distance and 2.5 cm depth for both houses. Percentage of total Pb that was bioaccessible at lower horizons was greater than or equal to that of the surface soil. Soil Pb reduction with increasing distance and depth makes it amenable to soil remediation. C1 [Codling, Eton E.] ARS, USDA, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Codling, EE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, BARC West, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 007,Room 211, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Eton.codling@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD OCT 11 PY 2013 VL 44 IS 18 BP 2678 EP 2690 DI 10.1080/00103624.2013.813531 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 226PO UT WOS:000325048500004 ER PT J AU Li, ZG Chen, YP Zhang, SW Chen, SL Li, WF Yan, LM Shi, LG Wu, LM Sohr, A Su, SK AF Li, Zhiguo Chen, Yanping Zhang, Shaowu Chen, Shenglu Li, Wenfeng Yan, Limin Shi, Liangen Wu, Lyman Sohr, Alex Su, Songkun TI Viral Infection Affects Sucrose Responsiveness and Homing Ability of Forager Honey Bees, Apis mellifera L. SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE PARALYSIS VIRUS; DEFORMED-WING VIRUS; DICISTROVIRUS AFFECTING HONEYBEES; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE PCR; COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; VARROA-DESTRUCTOR; RESPONSE THRESHOLDS; PROBOSCIS EXTENSION; HYMENOPTERA APIDAE; RT-PCR AB Honey bee health is mainly affected by Varroa destructor, viruses, Nosema spp., pesticide residues and poor nutrition. Interactions between these proposed factors may be responsible for the colony losses reported worldwide in recent years. In the present study, the effects of a honey bee virus, Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), on the foraging behaviors and homing ability of European honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were investigated based on proboscis extension response (PER) assays and radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. The pollen forager honey bees originated from colonies that had no detectable level of honey bee viruses and were manually inoculated with IAPV to induce the viral infection. The results showed that IAPV-inoculated honey bees were more responsive to low sucrose solutions compared to that of non-infected foragers. After two days of infection, around 107 copies of IAPV were detected in the heads of these honey bees. The homing ability of IAPV-infected foragers was depressed significantly in comparison to the homing ability of uninfected foragers. The data provided evidence that IAPV infection in the heads may enable the virus to disorder foraging roles of honey bees and to interfere with brain functions that are responsible for learning, navigation, and orientation in the honey bees, thus, making honey bees have a lower response threshold to sucrose and lose their way back to the hive. C1 [Li, Zhiguo; Zhang, Shaowu; Chen, Shenglu; Li, Wenfeng; Yan, Limin; Shi, Liangen; Su, Songkun] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Chen, Yanping] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Zhang, Shaowu] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Vis Sci, Res Sch Biol, Coll Med Biol & Environm, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Wu, Lyman; Sohr, Alex] Univ Maryland, Coll Comp Math & Nat Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Su, Songkun] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Bee Sci, Fuzhou, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Su, SK (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM susongkun@zju.edu.cn FU earmarked funds for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System [CARS-45-KXJ3]; Nature and Science Foundation Commission of Zhejiang Province [R3080306] FX This study was supported by earmarked funds for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (No. CARS-45-KXJ3), Nature and Science Foundation Commission of Zhejiang Province (R3080306) to SKS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 111 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 10 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e77354 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077354 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 236QM UT WOS:000325814200082 PM 24130876 ER PT J AU Hildebrand, A Schlacta, T Warmack, R Kasuga, T Fan, ZL AF Hildebrand, Amanda Schlacta, Theresa Warmack, Rebeccah Kasuga, Takao Fan, Zhiliang TI Engineering Escherichia coli for improved ethanol production from gluconate SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli; Gluconic acid; Ethanol; Pathway ID PYRUVATE-DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX; FUEL ETHANOL; FERMENTATIVE METABOLISM; D-LACTATE; GENE; FLUX; INTEGRATION; GLUCOSE AB We report on engineering Escherichia coli to produce ethanol at high yield from gluconic acid (gluconate). Knocking out genes encoding for the competing pathways (L-lactate dehydrogena se and pyruvate formate lyase A) in E. coli 1(011 eliminated lactate production, lowered the carbon flow toward acetate production, and improved the ethanol yield from 87.5% to 97.5% of the theoretical maximum, while the growth rate of the mutant strain was about 70% of the wild type. The corresponding genetic modifications led to a small improvement of ethanol yield from 101.5% to 106.0% on glucose. Deletion of the pyruvate dehydrogenase gene (pdh) alone improved the ethanol yield from 87.5% to 90.4% when gluconate was a substrate. The growth rate of the mutant strain was identical to that of the wild type. The corresponding genetic modification led to no improvements on ethanol yield on glucose. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hildebrand, Amanda; Schlacta, Theresa; Warmack, Rebeccah; Fan, Zhiliang] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Fan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jzfan@ucdavis.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant [011-67009-20060]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and California Energy Commission [55779A/08-03]; Cota-Robles; EPA STAR fellowships FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-67009-20060 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and California Energy Commission grant 55779A/08-03. Financial support to Amanda Hildebrand was provided by Cota-Robles and the EPA STAR fellowships. We thank and gratefully acknowledge Edyta Szewczyk for helpful discussions and Eric Walters for reading through the manuscript. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1656 EI 1873-4863 J9 J BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biotechnol. PD OCT 10 PY 2013 VL 168 IS 1 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.07.033 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 232BT UT WOS:000325464300017 PM 23942377 ER PT J AU Weber, GM Wiens, GD Welch, TJ Hostuttler, MA Leeds, TD AF Weber, Gregory M. Wiens, Gregory D. Welch, Timothy J. Hostuttler, Mark A. Leeds, Timothy D. TI Comparison of disease resistance between diploid, induced-triploid, and intercross-triploid rainbow trout including trout selected for resistance to Flavobacterium psychrophilum SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Fish; Salmonid; Polyploidy; Tetraploid; Disease resistance; Breeding ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; COLD-WATER DISEASE; MYKISS; FISH; PERFORMANCE; GROWTH; SUSCEPTIBILITY; AQUACULTURE; CHALLENGE; INDUCTION AB All-female triploid fish are advantageous in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture due to sterility and the consequent superior filet quality, growth, and feed conversion achieved at reproductive size. Triploid fish are commonly produced by pressure or temperature shock of the zygote (induced-triploids, 3NP), but can also be produced by mating a tetraploid parent with a diploid (2N) parent (intercross-triploids, 3NC). Little is known about the disease resistance of 3NC fish. In this study, we measured post-challenge survival of genetically-related 2N, 3NP and 3NC families after exposure to Flavobacterium psychrophilum the etiological agent of bacterial cold water disease (BCWD). The families used in this study originated from either an unselected commercial stock or BCWD resistant or susceptible line of rainbow trout. The overall survival of 2N fish was slightly higher than the respective 3NP and 3NC fish. Although 3NC fish tended to show higher survival than 3NP fish, this response was not sufficiently consistent to promote intercross production of triploids for increasing disease resistance. The survival of ten sets of 3NP, 3NC and 2N families, created from BCWD resistant and susceptible line parents, demonstrated overall similar inherent relative survival differences among the ploidy types both among families and between lines, although family differences in response to triploidization and triploidization strategy were observed. In summary, minimal survival difference between 3NP and 3NC families following experimental challenge suggests that innate resistance to F. psychrophilum is not substantially altered by the triploidization strategy and progress in family-based selective breeding of diploid fish for BCWD resistance will substantially translate into improved survival when triploids are derived either by shock treatment or intercross breeding. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Weber, Gregory M.; Wiens, Gregory D.; Welch, Timothy J.; Hostuttler, Mark A.; Leeds, Timothy D.] ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Weber, GM (reprint author), NCCCWA, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM greg.weber@ars.usda.gov OI Wiens, Gregory/0000-0002-5478-7780; Welch, Tim/0000-0003-1096-3006 FU Agricultural Research Service Project [1930-31000-010-000D, 1930-32000-005D] FX We acknowledge contributions with conducting disease challenges from T. Moreland, J. Evenhuis, J. Harper, R. Lipscomb, and J. Caren. We thank animal caretaking contributions from J. Kretzer, J. Everson, J. McGowan, K. Jenkins, and K. Melody. Funding for this study came from the Agricultural Research Service Project 1930-31000-010-000D and 1930-32000-005D. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD OCT 10 PY 2013 VL 410 BP 66 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.06.014 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 217QR UT WOS:000324375300009 ER PT J AU Kim, DY Thomas, V Olson, J Williams, M Clements, N AF Kim, Dong-Yun Thomas, Valerie Olson, Jenny Williams, Matthew Clements, Nicolle TI Statistical trend and change-point analysis of land-cover-change patterns in East Africa SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; HUMAN HEALTH; VEGETATION; BIODIVERSITY; TANZANIA; FORESTS AB This work presents a new four-tier hierarchical change-point algorithm designed to detect land-cover change from satellite data. We tested the algorithm using Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) data for eastern Africa. Using a unique sequence of four statistical change-point detection methods, we identified significant increases or decreases in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), estimated the approximate time of change, and characterized the likely forms of change (i.e. linear trend, abrupt mean and/or variability change, and hockey-stick shaped change). Our method allows not just the identification of the change point but also the manner of change, and it can provide considerable insights into land-cover trajectories. In that sense, our approach has a significant advantage over other types of change-detection methods commonly reported in the remote-sensing literature. Although we demonstrated our algorithm using annual averages for coarse resolution data, our method can be easily adapted to finer spatial or temporal scale data, assuming assumptions of normality and independence are met. Overall, the changes detected by the algorithm are consistent with changes observed by other authors for the East Africa study area. We have demonstrated a powerful new tool for the detection of land-cover change using multi-temporal satellite data. C1 [Kim, Dong-Yun] Virginia Tech, Dept Stat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Thomas, Valerie] Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Olson, Jenny] Michigan State Univ, Dept Telecommun, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Williams, Matthew] Natl Agr Stat Serv, Div Res & Dev, USDA, Fairfax, VA USA. [Clements, Nicolle] St Josephs Univ, Haub Sch Business, Dept Decis Syst Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA. RP Thomas, V (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Stat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM thomasv@vt.edu FU National Science Foundation Biocomplexity of Coupled Human and Natural Systems Program [BCS-0709671]; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Doctoral Scholars Program at Virginia Tech. FX The work of the first and third authors was partially funded as part of the National Science Foundation Biocomplexity of Coupled Human and Natural Systems Program, Award No. BCS-0709671. The fourth author was sponsored through the Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Doctoral Scholars Program at Virginia Tech. The authors would like to thank East Africa Climate, People, Livestock and Savanna Ecosystems (EACLIPSE) members for valuable discussions and insights for this project. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 69 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD OCT 10 PY 2013 VL 34 IS 19 BP 6636 EP 6650 DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.804224 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 180QI UT WOS:000321609300011 ER PT J AU Rao, RSP Xu, D Thelen, JJ Miernyk, JA AF Rao, R. Shyama Prasad Xu, Dong Thelen, Jay J. Miernyk, Jan A. TI Circles within circles: crosstalk between protein Ser/Thr/Tyr-phosphorylation and Met oxidation SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Annual Conference of the MidSouth-Computational-Biology-and-Bioinformatics-Society (MCBIOS) on Discovery in a Sea of Data CY APR 05-06, 2013 CL Columbia, MO SP MidSouth Computat Biol & Bioinformat Soc ID METHIONINE SULFOXIDE REDUCTASES; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; LYSINE ACETYLATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ARABIDOPSIS; METABOLISM; EVOLUTION; NETWORK; PHOSPHOPROTEOMICS; TRANSCRIPTION AB Background: Reversible posttranslational protein modifications such as phosphorylation of Ser/Thr/Tyr and Met oxidation are critical for both metabolic regulation and cellular signalling. Although these modifications are typically studied individually, herein we describe the potential for cross-talk and hierarchical regulation. Results: The proximity of Met to Ser/Thr/Tyr within the proteome has not previously been addressed. In order to consider the possibility of a generalized interaction, we performed a trans-kingdom sequence analysis of known phosphorylation sites in proteins from bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. The proportion of phosphorylation sites that include a Met within a 13-residue window centered upon Ser/Thr/Tyr is significantly less than the occurrence of Met in proximity to all Ser/Thr/Tyr residues. Met residues are present at all positions (-6 to +6, inclusive) within the 13-residue window that we have considered. Detailed analysis of sequences from eight disparate plant taxa revealed that many conserved phosphorylation sites have a Met residue in the proximity. Results from GO enrichment analysis indicated that the potential for phosphorylation and Met oxidation crosstalk is most prevalent in kinases and proteins involved in signalling. Conclusion: The large proportion of known phosphorylation sites with Met in the proximity fulfils the necessary condition for cross-talk. Kinases/signalling proteins are enriched for Met around phosphorylation sites. These proteins/sites are likely candidates for cross-talk between oxidative signalling and reversible phosphorylation. C1 [Rao, R. Shyama Prasad; Thelen, Jay J.; Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rao, R. Shyama Prasad; Xu, Dong; Thelen, Jay J.; Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Interdisciplinary Plant Grp, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Xu, Dong] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Miernyk, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Jan.Miernyk@ars.usda.gov RI Rao, R Shyama Prasad/E-5434-2011 OI Rao, R Shyama Prasad/0000-0002-2285-6788 NR 80 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD OCT 9 PY 2013 VL 14 SU 14 AR S14 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-14-S14-S14 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 249AA UT WOS:000326747100014 PM 24267725 ER PT J AU Friedman, M AF Friedman, Mendel TI Anticarcinogenic, Cardioprotective, and Other Health Benefits of Tomato Compounds Lycopene, alpha-Tomatine, and Tomatidine in Pure Form and in Fresh and Processed Tomatoes SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE anticarcinogenic effects; cardiovascular effects; lycopene; alpha-tomatine; tomatidine; fresh and processed tomatoes; chemistry; analysis; biosynthesis; bioactivity; bioavailability; mechanisms; human health; research needs ID HUMAN CANCER-CELLS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; INDUCED LIVER-DAMAGE; INNATE IMMUNE CELLS; GREEN TEA CATECHINS; TUMOR-BEARING MICE; COOKED GROUND-BEEF; NF-KAPPA-B; PROSTATE-CANCER AB Tomatoes produce the bioactive compounds lycopene and alpha-tomatine that are reported to have potential health-promoting effects in animals and humans, but our understanding of the roles of these compounds in the diet is incomplete. Our current knowledge gained from the chemistry and analysis of these compounds in fresh and processed tomatoes and from studies on their bioavailability, bioactivity, and mechanisms of action against cancer cells and other beneficial bioactivities including antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, cardiovascular, and immunostimulating effects in cells, animals, and humans is discussed and interpreted here. Areas for future research are also suggested. The collated information and suggested research might contribute to a better understanding of the agronomical, biochemical, chemical, physiological, molecular, and cellular bases of the health-promoting effects and facilitate and guide further studies needed to optimize the use of lycopene and alpha-tomatine in pure form and in fresh tomatoes and processed tomato products to help prevent or treat human disease. C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 218 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 9 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 9 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 40 BP 9534 EP 9550 DI 10.1021/jf402654e PG 17 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 243YS UT WOS:000326354900002 PM 24079774 ER PT J AU Wiens, GD Vallejo, RL Leeds, TD Palti, Y Hadidi, S Liu, SX Evenhuis, JP Welch, TJ Rexroad, CE AF Wiens, Gregory D. Vallejo, Roger L. Leeds, Timothy D. Palti, Yniv Hadidi, Sima Liu, Sixin Evenhuis, Jason P. Welch, Timothy J. Rexroad, Caird E., III TI Assessment of Genetic Correlation between Bacterial Cold Water Disease Resistance and Spleen Index in a Domesticated Population of Rainbow Trout: Identification of QTL on Chromosome Omy19 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS PANCREATIC NECROSIS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA; AMEBIC GILL DISEASE; ATLANTIC SALMON; FLAVOBACTERIUM-PSYCHROPHILUM; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MAJOR QTL; INCREASE RESISTANCE AB Selective breeding of animals for increased disease resistance is an effective strategy to reduce mortality in aquaculture. However, implementation of selective breeding programs is limited by an incomplete understanding of host resistance traits. We previously reported results of a rainbow trout selection program that demonstrated increased survival following challenge with Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of bacterial cold water disease (BCWD). Mechanistic study of disease resistance identified a positive phenotypic correlation between post-challenge survival and spleen somatic-index (SI). Herein, we investigated the hypothesis of a genetic correlation between the two traits influenced by colocalizing QTL. We evaluated the inheritance and calculated the genetic correlation in five year-classes of odd-and even-year breeding lines. A total of 322 pedigreed families (n = 25,369 fish) were measured for disease resistance, and 251 families (n = 5,645 fish) were evaluated for SI. Spleen index was moderately heritable in both even-year (h(2) = 0.56 +/- 0.18) and odd-year (h(2) = 0.60 +/- 0.15) lines. A significant genetic correlation between SI and BCWD resistance was observed in the even-year line (r(g) = 0.45 +/- 0.20, P = 0.03) but not in the odd-year line (r(g) = 0.16 +/- 0.12, P = 0.19). Complex segregation analyses of the even-year line provided evidence of genes with major effect on SI, and a genome scan of a single family, 2008132, detected three significant QTL on chromosomes Omy19, 16 and 5, in addition to ten suggestive QTL. A separate chromosome scan for disease resistance in family 2008132 identified a significant BCWD QTL on Omy19 that was associated with time to death and percent survival. In family 2008132, Omy19 microsatellite alleles that associated with higher disease resistance also associated with increased spleen size raising the hypothesis that closely linked QTL contribute to the correlation between these traits. To our knowledge, this is the first estimation of spleen size heritability and evidence for genetic linkage with specific disease resistance in a teleost fish. C1 [Wiens, Gregory D.; Vallejo, Roger L.; Leeds, Timothy D.; Palti, Yniv; Hadidi, Sima; Liu, Sixin; Evenhuis, Jason P.; Welch, Timothy J.; Rexroad, Caird E., III] ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Wiens, GD (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM greg.wiens@ars.usda.gov OI Wiens, Gregory/0000-0002-5478-7780; Welch, Tim/0000-0003-1096-3006 FU Agricultural Research Service CRIS project [1930-32000-005] FX This research was supported by Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 1930-32000-005 "Integrated Approaches for Improving Aquatic Animal Health in Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture". The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e75749 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075749 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 236PJ UT WOS:000325810900056 PM 24130739 ER PT J AU Cha, RM Smith, D Shepherd, E Davis, CT Donis, R Nguyen, T Nguyen, HD Do, HT Inui, K Suarez, DL Swayne, DE Pantin-Jackwood, M AF Cha, Ra Mi Smith, Diane Shepherd, Eric Davis, C. Todd Donis, Ruben Tung Nguyen Hoang Dang Nguyen Do, Hoa Thi Inui, Ken Suarez, David L. Swayne, David E. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary TI Suboptimal protection against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from Vietnam in ducks vaccinated with commercial poultry vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Ducks; H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza; Vaccine; Protection ID DOMESTIC DUCKS; MUSCOVY DUCKS; PEKIN DUCKS; HONG-KONG; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; HEMAGGLUTININ GENE; REVERSE GENETICS; A VIRUSES; CLADE 2.2 AB Domestic ducks are the second most abundant poultry species in many Asian countries including Vietnam, and play a critical role in the epizootiology of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) [FAO]. In this study, we examined the protective efficacy in ducks of two commercial H5N1 vaccines widely used in Vietnam; Re-1 containing A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 hemagglutinin (HA) clade 0 antigens, and Re-5 containing A/duck/Anhui/1/2006 HA clade 2.3.4 antigens. Ducks received two doses of either vaccine at 7 and at 14 or 21 days of age followed by challenge at 30 days of age with viruses belonging to the HA clades 1.1, 2.3.4.3, 2.3.2.1.A and 2.3.2.1.B isolated between 2008 and 2011 in Vietnam. Ducks vaccinated with the Re-1 vaccine were protected after infection with the two H5N1 HPAI viruses isolated in 2008 (HA clades 1.1 and 2.3.4.3) showing no mortality and limited virus shedding. The Re-1 and Re-5 vaccines conferred 90-100% protection against mortality after challenge with the 2010 H5N1 HPAI viruses (HA clade 2.3.2.1.A); but vaccinated ducks shed virus for more than 7 days after challenge. Similarly, the Re-1 and Re-5 vaccines only showed partial protection against the 2011 H5N1 HPAI viruses (HA clade 2.3.2.1.A and 2.3.2.1.B), with a high proportion of vaccinated ducks shedding virus for more than 10 days. Furthermore, 50% mortality was observed in ducks vaccinated with Re-1 and challenged with the 2.3.2.1.B virus. The HA proteins of the 2011 challenge viruses had the greatest number of amino acid differences from the two vaccines as compared to the viruses from 2008 and 2009, which correlates with the lesser protection observed with these viruses. These studies demonstrate the suboptimal protection conferred by the Re-1 and Re-5 commercial vaccines in ducks against H5N1 HPAI clade 2.3.2.1 viruses, and underscore the importance of monitoring vaccine efficacy in the control of H5N1 HPAI in ducks. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cha, Ra Mi; Smith, Diane; Shepherd, Eric; Suarez, David L.; Swayne, David E.; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary] USDA ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Davis, C. Todd; Donis, Ruben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tung Nguyen] Hanoi Univ Agr, Grad Sch, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Tung Nguyen; Hoang Dang Nguyen; Do, Hoa Thi; Inui, Ken] Natl Ctr Vet Diag, Dept Anim Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Pantin-Jackwood, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Mary.Pantin-Jackwood@ars.usda.gov FU Foreign Agriculture Service of the USDA [60-6612-0-024]; Agriculture Research Service CRIS Projects [6612-32000-048, 6612-32000-063] FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Mariana Sa E. Silva and Kateri Bertran for technical assistance. This study was supported by a Specific Cooperative Agreement with the Foreign Agriculture Service of the USDA Project # #60-6612-0-024, and the Agriculture Research Service CRIS Projects 6612-32000-048 and 6612-32000-063. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 59 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 9 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 43 BP 4953 EP 4960 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.08.046 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 242PV UT WOS:000326255400005 PM 23994373 ER PT J AU Buyyarapu, R Kantety, RV Yu, JZ Xu, ZY Kohel, RJ Percy, RG Macmil, S Wiley, GB Roe, BA Sharma, GC AF Buyyarapu, Ramesh Kantety, Ramesh V. Yu, John Z. Xu, Zhanyou Kohel, Russell J. Percy, Richard G. Macmil, Simone Wiley, Graham B. Roe, Bruce A. Sharma, Govind C. TI BAC-Pool Sequencing and Analysis of Large Segments of A12 and D12 Homoeologous Chromosomes in Upland Cotton SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID X GOSSYPIUM-BARBADENSE; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; HIRSUTUM L.; EVOLUTION; MAP; ORGANIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS; DNA AB Although new and emerging next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have reduced sequencing costs significantly, much work remains to implement them for de novo sequencing of complex and highly repetitive genomes such as the tetraploid genome of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Herein we report the results from implementing a novel, hybrid Sanger/454-based BAC-pool sequencing strategy using minimum tiling path (MTP) BACs from Ctg-3301 and Ctg-465, two large genomic segments in A12 and D12 homoeologous chromosomes (Ctg). To enable generation of longer contig sequences in assembly, we implemented a hybrid assembly method to process similar to 35x data from 454 technology and 2.8-3x data from Sanger method. Hybrid assemblies offered higher sequence coverage and better sequence assemblies. Homology studies revealed the presence of retrotransposon regions like Copia and Gypsy elements in these contigs and also helped in identifying new genomic SSRs. Unigenes were anchored to the sequences in Ctg-3301 and Ctg-465 to support the physical map. Gene density, gene structure and protein sequence information derived from protein prediction programs were used to obtain the functional annotation of these genes. Comparative analysis of both contigs with Arabidopsis genome exhibited synteny and microcollinearity with a conserved gene order in both genomes. This study provides insight about use of MTP-based BAC-pool sequencing approach for sequencing complex polyploid genomes with limited constraints in generating better sequence assemblies to build reference scaffold sequences. Combining the utilities of MTP-based BAC-pool sequencing with current longer and short read NGS technologies in multiplexed format would provide a new direction to cost-effectively and precisely sequence complex plant genomes. C1 [Buyyarapu, Ramesh; Kantety, Ramesh V.; Sharma, Govind C.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Ctr Mol Biol, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Yu, John Z.; Xu, Zhanyou; Kohel, Russell J.; Percy, Richard G.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Roe, Bruce A.] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Macmil, Simone] Univ Otago, Gene Struct & Funct Lab, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Wiley, Graham B.] Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Dept, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. RP Buyyarapu, R (reprint author), Dow AgroSci, Trait Genet & Technol, Indianapolis, IN USA. EM rbuyyarapu@dow.com OI Buyyarapu, Ramesh/0000-0002-5343-9960 FU USDA-CSREES [ALAX-011-706, ALAX-011-206]; NSF-PGRP [0703470] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the funding support for this work by USDA-CSREES grants ALAX-011-706 to RVK, ALAX-011-206 to GCS and NSF-PGRP grant 0703470 to RVK. The authors would like to acknowledge the support offered by Padmini Sripathi during data analysis and submissions. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 8 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e76757 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076757 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 233FK UT WOS:000325552200065 PM 24116150 ER PT J AU Wang, XJ Tang, CL Zhang, G Li, YC Wang, CF Liu, B Qu, ZP Zhao, J Han, QM Huang, LL Chen, XM Kang, ZS AF Wang, Xiaojie Tang, Chunlei Zhang, Gang Li, Yingchun Wang, Chenfang Liu, Bo Qu, Zhipeng Zhao, Jie Han, Qingmei Huang, Lili Chen, Xianming Kang, Zhensheng TI cDNA-AFLP analysis reveals differential gene expression in compatible interaction of wheat challenged with Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (vol 10, pg 289, 2009) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Correction C1 [Wang, Xiaojie; Tang, Chunlei; Zhang, Gang; Li, Yingchun; Wang, Chenfang; Liu, Bo; Qu, Zhipeng; Zhao, Jie; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiaojie; Tang, Chunlei; Zhang, Gang; Li, Yingchun; Wang, Chenfang; Liu, Bo; Qu, Zhipeng; Zhao, Jie; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, Shaanxi Key Lab Mol Biol Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD OCT 7 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 671 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-671 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 241NI UT WOS:000326173500001 ER PT J AU Ramsay, JD Ueti, MW Johnson, WC Scoles, GA Knowles, DP Mealey, RH AF Ramsay, Joshua D. Ueti, Massaro W. Johnson, Wendell C. Scoles, Glen A. Knowles, Donald P. Mealey, Robert H. TI Lymphocytes and Macrophages Are Infected by Theileria equi, but T Cells and B Cells Are Not Required to Establish Infection In Vivo SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; TICK BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; BABESIA-EQUI; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PROTOZOAN PARASITE; BOVINE LYMPHOCYTES; SUSCEPTIBLE CATTLE; BOS-TAURUS; ANNULATA; HORSES AB Theileria equi has a biphasic life cycle in horses, with a period of intraleukocyte development followed by patent erythrocytic parasitemia that causes acute and sometimes fatal hemolytic disease. Unlike Theileria spp. that infect cattle (Theileria parva and Theileria annulata), the intraleukocyte stage (schizont) of Theileria equi does not cause uncontrolled host cell proliferation or other significant pathology. Nevertheless, schizont-infected leukocytes are of interest because of their potential to alter host cell function and because immune responses directed against this stage could halt infection and prevent disease. Based on cellular morphology, Theileria equi has been reported to infect lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro, but the specific phenotype of schizont-infected cells has yet to be defined. To resolve this knowledge gap in Theileria equi pathogenesis, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were infected in vitro and the phenotype of infected cells determined using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. These experiments demonstrated that the host cell range of Theileria equi was broader than initially reported and included B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages. To determine if B and T lymphocytes were required to establish infection in vivo, horses affected with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), which lack functional B and T lymphocytes, were inoculated with Theileria equi sporozoites. SCID horses developed patent erythrocytic parasitemia, indicating that B and T lymphocytes are not necessary to complete the Theileria equi life cycle in vivo. These findings suggest that the factors mediating Theileria equi leukocyte invasion and intracytoplasmic differentiation are common to several leukocyte subsets and are less restricted than for Theileria annulata and Theileria parva. These data will greatly facilitate future investigation into the relationships between Theileria equi leukocyte tropism and pathogenesis, breed susceptibility, and strain virulence. C1 [Ramsay, Joshua D.; Knowles, Donald P.; Mealey, Robert H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ueti, Massaro W.; Johnson, Wendell C.; Scoles, Glen A.; Knowles, Donald P.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. RP Ramsay, JD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jdr105@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Grayson-Jockey Club Research Foundation; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-67011-19946]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5348-32000-028D] FX This project was supported by the Grayson-Jockey Club Research Foundation (www.grayson-jockeyclub.org), the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2012-67011-19946 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (www.nifa.usda.gov), and USDA-ARS CRIS 5348-32000-028D (www.ars.usda.gov). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 7 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e76996 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076996 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 232NS UT WOS:000325501300111 PM 24116194 ER PT J AU Simko, I Atallah, AJ Ochoa, OE Antonise, R Galeano, CH Truco, MJ Michelmore, RW AF Simko, Ivan Atallah, Amy J. Ochoa, Oswaldo E. Antonise, Rudie Galeano, Carlos H. Truco, Maria Jose Michelmore, Richard W. TI Identification of QTLs conferring resistance to downy mildew in legacy cultivars of lettuce SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID LACTUCA-SATIVA L.; BREMIA-LACTUCAE; FIELD-RESISTANCE; CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS; NONHOST RESISTANCE; ENCODING GENES; GRAND-RAPIDS; LINKAGE MAPS; HIGH-DENSITY; MARKERS AB Many cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), the most popular leafy vegetable, are susceptible to downy mildew disease caused by Bremia lactucae. Cultivars Iceberg and Grand Rapids that were released in the 18th and 19th centuries, respectively, have high levels of quantitative resistance to downy mildew. We developed a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) originating from a cross between these two legacy cultivars, constructed a linkage map, and identified two QTLs for resistance on linkage groups 2 (qDM2.1) and 5 (qDM5.1) that determined resistance under field conditions in California and the Netherlands. The same QTLs determined delayed sporulation at the seedling stage in laboratory experiments. Alleles conferring elevated resistance at both QTLs originate from cultivar Iceberg. An additional QTL on linkage group 9 (qDM9.1) was detected through simultaneous analysis of all experiments with mixed-model approach. Alleles for elevated resistance at this locus originate from cultivar Grand Rapids. C1 [Simko, Ivan; Atallah, Amy J.; Galeano, Carlos H.] ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Ochoa, Oswaldo E.; Galeano, Carlos H.; Truco, Maria Jose; Michelmore, Richard W.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ochoa, Oswaldo E.; Galeano, Carlos H.; Truco, Maria Jose; Michelmore, Richard W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Antonise, Rudie] KeyGene NV, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Simko, I (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Ivan.Simko@ars.usda.gov RI Simko, Ivan/J-6048-2012 OI Simko, Ivan/0000-0002-8769-8477 FU California Leafy Greens Research Program; California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Program; Specialty Crop Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-51181-21631]; ENZA Zaden; Vilmorin & Cie and Takii Co. FX The authors would like to thank a European collaborator who wishes to remain anonymous for conducting field trials in The Netherlands. This work was partly supported by the California Leafy Greens Research Program, the California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant Program, and Specialty Crop Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Grant no. 2010-51181-21631. The AFLP data have been generated with the financial support of ENZA Zaden, Rijk Zwaan, Vilmorin & Cie and Takii & Co. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 55 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD OCT 7 PY 2013 VL 3 AR 2875 DI 10.1038/srep02875 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 230NY UT WOS:000325349300004 PM 24096732 ER PT J AU Wyatt, VT Yadav, M AF Wyatt, Victor T. Yadav, Madhav TI A multivariant study of the absorption properties of poly(glutaric acid-glycerol) films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adsorption; biodegradable; biomaterials; cellulose and other wood products; swelling ID SWELLING BEHAVIOR; SOLVENT; HYDROGELS; GELS; NETWORKS AB Hydrogels and organogels are polymer networks that can absorb large amounts of water and organic solvent, respectively. In this study, solvent absorption into the matrices of poly(glutaric acid-glycerol) hydrogel and organogel films amended with or without either iminodiacetic acid, sugarcane bagasse, pectin, corn fiber gum, or microcrystalline cellulose has been evaluated. Most of the starting materials used in this study, such as glycerol and the plant wall polysaccharides, are by-products of biofuel production. Finding uses for them would further biofuel initiatives worldwide. To that end, experimental results showed that water absorption increased when using polymer films composed of additional glycerol or plant cell wall polysaccharides. The amount of solvent absorbed into the control film increased when incubated in pH 10 buffer solutions but decreased when incubated in pH 4 buffer solutions and NaCl solutions when compared with absorption of water. Incubating the polymers in solvent at elevated temperatures increased the absorption rate. It was determined that the combined effects of pKa and polarity can be used to predict solvent absorption. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) could be selectively extracted from or desorbed into films from other solvents. Erosion of the polymer films in DMSO ranged from 1.9 (+/- 0.2) to 34.7 (+/- 3.4)%. In water, erosion ranged from 6.3 (+/- 3.2) to 32.7 (+/- 3.2)%. The polymer films resorbed 3.3- and 2.3-fold more DMSO and water, respectively, when compared with the original amount of absorbed solvent. These materials are potentially good candidates for agricultural and medicinal applications because their ability to absorb, desorb, and erode can be tuned. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 C1 [Wyatt, Victor T.; Yadav, Madhav] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Wyatt, VT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM victor.wyatt@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 54 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD OCT 5 PY 2013 VL 130 IS 1 BP 70 EP 77 DI 10.1002/app.39034 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 176LI UT WOS:000321305500008 ER PT J AU Stephens, SL Agee, JK Fule, PZ North, MP Romme, WH Swetnam, TW Turner, MG AF Stephens, S. L. Agee, J. K. Fule, P. Z. North, M. P. Romme, W. H. Swetnam, T. W. Turner, M. G. TI Managing Forests and Fire in Changing Climates SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID WILDFIRE; INCREASE; SHIFTS; FUELS; AREA C1 [Stephens, S. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Agee, J. K.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Fule, P. Z.] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [North, M. P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Romme, W. H.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Swetnam, T. W.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Turner, M. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Stephens, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sstephens@berkeley.edu RI Turner, Monica/B-2099-2010; Romme, William/C-7317-2016 NR 16 TC 104 Z9 106 U1 14 U2 151 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 4 PY 2013 VL 342 IS 6154 BP 41 EP 42 DI 10.1126/science.1240294 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 227PP UT WOS:000325126100032 PM 24092714 ER PT J AU Mascher, M Wu, SY St Amand, P Stein, N Poland, J AF Mascher, Martin Wu, Shuangye St Amand, Paul Stein, Nils Poland, Jesse TI Application of Genotyping-by-Sequencing on Semiconductor Sequencing Platforms: A Comparison of Genetic and Reference-Based Marker Ordering in Barley SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENOMIC SELECTION; ASSOCIATION; MAIZE; DISCOVERY; GENERATION; TRAITS; DESIGN; RICE; MAP AB The rapid development of next-generation sequencing platforms has enabled the use of sequencing for routine genotyping across a range of genetics studies and breeding applications. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), a low-cost, reduced representation sequencing method, is becoming a common approach for whole-genome marker profiling in many species. With quickly developing sequencing technologies, adapting current GBS methodologies to new platforms will leverage these advancements for future studies. To test new semiconductor sequencing platforms for GBS, we genotyped a barley recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. Based on a previous GBS approach, we designed bar code and adapter sets for the Ion Torrent platforms. Four sets of 24-plex libraries were constructed consisting of 94 RILs and the two parents and sequenced on two Ion platforms. In parallel, a 96-plex library of the same RILs was sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2000. We applied two different computational pipelines to analyze sequencing data; the reference-independent TASSEL pipeline and a reference-based pipeline using SAMtools. Sequence contigs positioned on the integrated physical and genetic map were used for read mapping and variant calling. We found high agreement in genotype calls between the different platforms and high concordance between genetic and reference-based marker order. There was, however, paucity in the number of SNP that were jointly discovered by the different pipelines indicating a strong effect of alignment and filtering parameters on SNP discovery. We show the utility of the current barley genome assembly as a framework for developing very low-cost genetic maps, facilitating high resolution genetic mapping and negating the need for developing de novo genetic maps for future studies in barley. Through demonstration of GBS on semiconductor sequencing platforms, we conclude that the GBS approach is amenable to a range of platforms and can easily be modified as new sequencing technologies, analysis tools and genomic resources develop. C1 [Mascher, Martin; Stein, Nils] Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res, Gatersleben, Germany. [Wu, Shuangye; Poland, Jesse] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [St Amand, Paul; Poland, Jesse] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Poland, J (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jpoland@ksu.edu OI Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service [5430-21000-006-00D]; Kansas State University; German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [TRITEX-0315954A]; EU FX This research was supported in part by the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (Appropriation No. 5430-21000-006-00D) and Kansas State University as well as funds from the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF fund TRITEX-0315954A) and EU FP7 project TriticeaeGenome to NS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 78 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 3 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e76925 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076925 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 232HM UT WOS:000325483600081 PM 24098570 ER PT J AU Meepagala, KM Bernier, UR Burandt, C Duke, SO AF Meepagala, Kumudini M. Bernier, Ulrich R. Burandt, Charles Duke, Stephen O. TI Mosquito Repellents Based on a Natural Chromene Analogue with Longer Duration of Action than N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; DEET; mosquitoe; Amyris texana; chromene; repellent ID AMYRIS-TEXANA; DERIVATIVES; TOXICITY AB Mosquito repellents play a major role in reducing bites and therefore mitigating transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. There is concern by some about the reported neurotoxic effects of the popular repellent DEET. Also, a product with longer effective activity after application is needed. This paper describes the synthesis and repellent activity of (2,2 dimethyl-2H-chromen-5-yl)methanol, a derivative of chromene amide that is a compound from the plant Amyris texana. This compound is more potent and provides longer duration of protection than DEET against Aedes aegypti (L.), the primary vector that transmits pathogens causing yellow and dengue fevers in humans. C1 [Meepagala, Kumudini M.; Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Bernier, Ulrich R.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Burandt, Charles] Univ Mississippi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Meepagala, KM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM Kmeepaga@olemiss.edu FU U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX The authors wish to thank Jason Martin at NPURU in Oxford, Mississippi and Natasha Agramonte at MERU in Gainesville, Florida for technical assistance. This study was partly supported by the Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program of the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 2 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 39 BP 9293 EP 9297 DI 10.1021/jf402635z PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 243ES UT WOS:000326300300002 PM 24006960 ER PT J AU Bai, JH Baldwin, E Liao, HL Zhao, W Kostenyuk, I Burns, J Irey, M AF Bai, Jinhe Baldwin, Elizabeth Liao, Hui-Ling Zhao, Wei Kostenyuk, Igor Burns, Jacqueline Irey, Mike TI Extraction of DNA from Orange Juice, and Detection of Bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus by Real-Time PCR SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Huanglongbing; greening disease; Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus; orange juice; amplification inhibitor; 16S rDNA; qPCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; QUANTITATIVE PCR; GREENING DISEASE; IONIC-STRENGTH; MULTIPLEX PCR; CITRUS; FRUIT; AMPLIFICATION; QUALITY AB Orange juice processed from Huanglongbing (HLB) affected fruit is often associated with bitter taste and/or off-flavor. HLB disease in Florida is associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), a phloem limited bacterium. The current standard to confirm CLas for citrus trees is to take samples from midribs of leaves, which are rich in phloem tissues, and use a quantitative real:time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) test to detect the 16S rDNA gene of CLas. It is extremely difficult to detect CLas in orange juice because of the low CLas population, high sugar and pectin concentration, low pH, and possible existence of an inhibitor to DNA amplification. The objective of this research was to improve extraction of DNA from orange juice and detection of CLas by qPCR Homogenization using a sonicator increased DNA yield by 86% in comparison to mortar and pestle extraction. It is difficult to separate DNA from pectin; however, DNA was successfully extracted by treating the juice with pectinase. Application Of an elution column successfully removed the unidentified inhibitor to DNA amplification. This work provided a protocol to extract DNA from whole orange juice and detect CLas in HLB-affected fruit C1 [Bai, Jinhe; Baldwin, Elizabeth; Zhao, Wei] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Liao, Hui-Ling; Kostenyuk, Igor; Burns, Jacqueline] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Irey, Mike] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. RP Baldwin, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USHRL, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 2 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 39 BP 9339 EP 9346 DI 10.1021/jf402364y PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 243ES UT WOS:000326300300008 PM 24047134 ER PT J AU Yan, L Graef, GL Claycombe, KJ Johnson, LK AF Yan, Lin Graef, George L. Claycombe, Kate J. Johnson, LuAnn K. TI Effects of Voluntary Running and Soy Supplementation on Diet-Induced Metabolic Disturbance and Inflammation in Mice SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE soy; physical activity; metabolic disturbance; inflammation; mice ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR-1; MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; HUMAN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INDUCED OBESE MICE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; WEIGHT-LOSS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HORMONE ADIPONECTIN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB We investigated the effects of diet (AIN93G or high-fat), physical activity (sedentary or voluntary running), and protein source (casein or soy protein isolate (SPI)) and their interactions on metabolic disturbance and inflammation in mice. After 14 weeks of feeding, the high fat diet increased body weight gain by 34.5% (p < 0.01), whereas running reduced weight gain by 30.5% (p < 0.01) compared to their respective AIN93G and sedentary controls; SPI did not affect weight gain. The high fat diet significantly increased plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, triglycerides, leptin, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), running and SPI significantly reduced these parameters compared to their respective controls. The high fat diet significantly increased and running significantly reduced plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. A unique finding was that SPI supplementation to the high fat diet reduced plasma insulin by 11% (p < 0.05), MCP-1 by 21% (p = 0.03), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by 50% (p = 0.05) compared to casein. As adipose tissues produce many adipocytokines, including MCP-1 and TNF-alpha, that contribute to a state of chronic low grade systemic inflammation and facilitate metabolic disturbance in obesity, further investigations are warranted into the roles of soy protein in reducing the risk of obesity. C1 [Yan, Lin; Claycombe, Kate J.; Johnson, LuAnn K.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Graef, George L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Yan, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave North, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM lin.yan@ars.usda.gov OI yan, lin/0000-0003-3646-6374 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS [5450-51000-045-00D]; Nebraska Soybean Board FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, research project 5450-51000-045-00D and by the Nebraska Soybean Board. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 2 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 39 BP 9373 EP 9379 DI 10.1021/jf401588h PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 243ES UT WOS:000326300300013 PM 24011182 ER PT J AU Cao, XY Ro, KS Libra, JA Kammann, CI Lima, I Berge, N Li, L Li, Y Chen, N Yang, J Deng, BL Mao, JD AF Cao, Xiaoyan Ro, Kyoung S. Libra, Judy A. Kammann, Claudia I. Lima, Isabel Berge, Nicole Li, Liang Li, Yuan Chen, Na Yang, John Deng, Baolin Mao, Jingdong TI Effects of Biomass Types and Carbonization Conditions on the Chemical Characteristics of Hydrochars SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hydrochar; biomass type; lignin; process condition; chemical structure ID SOLID-STATE NMR; HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; BLACK CARBON; QUANTIFICATION; RESONANCE; SOILS AB Effects of biomass types (bark Mulch versus sugar beet pulp), and carbonization processing conditions (temperature, residence time; and phase of reaction medium) on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars were examined by elemental analysis, solid-state C-13 NMR, and chemical and biochemical oxygen demand measurements. Bark hydrochars were more aromatic than sugar beet hydrochars produced under the same processing conditions. The presence of lignin in bark led to a much lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of bark than sugar beet and increasing trends of BOD after carbonization. Compared with those prepared, at 200 degrees C, 250 degrees C hydrochars were more aromatic and depleted of carbohydrates. Longer residence time (20 versus 3 h) at 250 degrees C resulted in the enrichment of nonprotonated aromatic carbons. Both bark and sugar beet pulp underwent deeper carbonization,,,during water hydrothermal carbonization than during steam hydrothermal carbonization (200 degrees C, 3 h) in terms of more abundant aromatic C but less carbohydrate C in water hydrochars. C1 [Mao, Jingdong] Nanjing Agr Univ, Dept Chem, Coll Sci, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cao, Xiaoyan; Li, Yuan; Chen, Na; Mao, Jingdong] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Ro, Kyoung S.] ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Libra, Judy A.] Leibniz Inst Agr Engn, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany. [Kammann, Claudia I.] Univ Giessen, Dept Plant Ecol, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Lima, Isabel] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Berge, Nicole; Li, Liang] Univ S Carolina, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Yang, John] Lincoln Univ Missouri, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Jefferson City, MO 65102 USA. [Deng, Baolin] Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Mao, JD (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Dept Chem, Coll Sci, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM maojd@njau.edu.cn RI Libra, Judy/K-3092-2013; Cao, Xiaoyan/E-3492-2012; OI Libra, Judy/0000-0001-9307-7776; Cao, Xiaoyan/0000-0001-7571-6482; Deng, Baolin/0000-0001-6569-1808 FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0853950] FX We thank the National Science Foundation (CBET-0853950) for financial support. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 70 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT 2 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 39 BP 9401 EP 9411 DI 10.1021/jf402345k PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 243ES UT WOS:000326300300016 PM 24004410 ER PT J AU Luthria, DL Liu, KS AF Luthria, Devanand L. Liu, Keshun TI Localization of phenolic acids and antioxidant activity in sorghum kernels SO JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS LA English DT Article DE Sorghum; Sequential pearling; Phenolic acids; Distribution; HPLC analysis; Antioxidant capacity ID DIVERSITY SCREEN; EXTRACTION; GRAIN; WHEAT; FRACTIONS; ALKYLRESORCINOLS; FLAVONOIDS; VARIETIES; HARDNESS; FOODS AB White and red of sorghum grains were sequentially pearled into 11 pearling fines and the corresponding 11 pearled kernels to study the localization of phenolic acids within sorghum grains. All fractions were analyzed for phenolic acids content by HPLC and antioxidant capacity by FRAP assays. Four phenolic acids identified in all fractions were caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids. Data showed that the distribution of phenolic acids and antioxidant capacity in two sorghum genotypes was heterogeneous. Around 60% of the phenolic acids and the antioxidant capacity were recovered in the initial three pearling fine fractions that constituted about 20% surface removal. The concentrations of the phenolic acids decreased significantly with sequential pearling. Significant correlation between total phenolic acids and antioxidant capacity was observed with all fractions except for the first pearling fines from the red sorghum. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Luthria, Devanand L.] USDA ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Keshun] USDA ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Luthria, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Bldg 161,BARG E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM D.Luthria@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1756-4646 J9 J FUNCT FOODS JI J. Funct. Food. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 5 IS 4 BP 1751 EP 1760 DI 10.1016/j.jff.2013.08.001 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AN6VS UT WOS:000340737100025 ER PT J AU Lee, J Dossett, M Finn, CE AF Lee, Jungmin Dossett, Michael Finn, Chad E. TI Anthocyanin fingerprinting of true bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miq.) fruit SO JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS LA English DT Article DE Pigment; Chemotaxonomy; Korean black raspberry; Korean bramble; Cha tian pao; Bok-bun-ja ID PHOTODIODE-ARRAY DETECTION; BLACK-RASPBERRY; RED RASPBERRY; SEPARATION; CULTIVARS; CRANBERRY; EXTRACTS; BERRIES; PIGMENT; CELLS AB The interest in black raspberry products has been increasing due to its flavor and potential health benefits. While black raspberries grown in North America are Rubus occidentalis, there has been some confusion regarding the identity of black raspberry grown in Korea (known as bokbunja; Rubus coreanus). As such, there is a need to define the anthocyanin profile of R. coreanus fruit collected from a verified source. We analyzed three genotypes of bokbunja fruit for anthocyanin profiles. While each varied in its anthocyanin proportions and total concentration, bokbunja fruit contained three anthocyanins: cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside, and lacked the xylose containing glycosides characteristic of R. occidentalis: cyanidin-3-sambubioside, and cyanidin-3-xylosylrutinoside. Due to mix-ups of bokbunja identity, research claiming to be conducted on bokbunja fruit requires confirmation that the fruit was sourced from a correctly identified plant. The distinct anthocyanin profiles between the two species can be used to confirm plant identity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Jungmin] USDA, ARS, PWA, HCRU Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Dossett, Michael] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. [Finn, Chad E.] USDA, ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), USDA, ARS, PWA, HCRU Worksite, 29603 U I Ln, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM jungmin.lee@ars.usda.gov; michael.dossett@agr.gc.ca; chad.finn@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS [5358-21000-041-00D, 5358-21000-037-00D]; Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) grant from USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-51181-30676] FX We thank Mary Peterson and the Finn laboratory crew of USDA-ARS for technical assistance. This project was funded by USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS numbers 5358-21000-041-00D and 5358-21000-037-00D, and a Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) grant number 2011-51181-30676 from USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1756-4646 J9 J FUNCT FOODS JI J. Funct. Food. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 5 IS 4 BP 1985 EP 1990 DI 10.1016/j.jff.2013.06.006 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AN6VS UT WOS:000340737100050 ER PT J AU De Steven, D Gramling, JM AF De Steven, Diane Gramling, Joel M. TI Multiple factors influence the vegetation composition of Southeast US wetlands restored in the Wetlands Reserve Program SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP); hydrogeomorphic (HGM) classification; vegetation diversity; wetland restoration; Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) ID ALLUVIAL VALLEY AB Degradation of wetlands on agricultural lands contributes to the loss of local or regional vegetation diversity. The U. S. Department of Agriculture's Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) funds the restoration of degraded wetlands on private 'working lands', but these WRP projects have not been studied in the Southeast United States. Wetland hydrogeomorphic type influences hydrodynamics and thus the vegetation of restored sites, but species composition may also be affected by prior land-condition and restoration methods. We examined the variation in restored wetland vegetation of 61 WRP sites (representing 52 projects) across the Southeast region. Field surveys identified the common plant species at each site, and species composition was analyzed in relation to hydrogeomorphic type and specific restoration methods that were linked to pre-restoration habitat status. At least 380 plant species were recorded across all sites. Site floristic composition generally reflected variation in wetness conditions and vegetation structure. Wetlands restored by 'non-intensive' methods overlapped in species composition irrespective of hydrogeomorphic type, as a consequence of successional dynamics related to natural hydrologic variation. More distinctive species composition occurred in wetlands restored by 'intensive' methods designed to compensate for intense agricultural land-use before restoration. In the Southeast U. S., WRP wetlands are supporting a variety of plant assemblages influenced by hydrogeomorphic settings, site land-use history, and differing restoration approaches. C1 [De Steven, Diane] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Gramling, Joel M.] Citadel, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. RP De Steven, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM ddesteven@fs.fed.us FU USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (Conservation Effects Assessment Project); USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station; Citadel Graduate College; Forest Service Joint Venture Agreement FX The study was funded through the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (Conservation Effects Assessment Project), the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, and a Forest Service Joint Venture Agreement with The Citadel Graduate College. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 11 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 EI 1940-0616 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 140 IS 4 BP 453 EP 464 DI 10.3159/TORREY-D-13-00003.1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AM2CK UT WOS:000339656000004 ER PT J AU O'Connor, TM Chen, TA Baranowski, J Thompson, D Baranowski, T AF O'Connor, Teresia M. Chen, Tzu-An Baranowski, Janice Thompson, Deborah Baranowski, Tom TI Physical Activity and Screen-Media-Related Parenting Practices Have Different Associations with Children's Objectively Measured Physical Activity SO CHILDHOOD OBESITY LA English DT Article ID FAMILY ENVIRONMENT; YOUTH; SEDENTARY; STYLE; METAANALYSIS; BEHAVIORS; OBESITY; TRIAL; SCALE; GIRLS AB Background: Children's physical activity (PA) is inversely associated with children's weight status. Parents may be an important influence on children's PA by restricting sedentary time or supporting PA. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of PA and screen-media-related [television (TV) and videogame] parenting practices with children's PA. Methods: Secondary analyses of baseline data were performed from an intervention with 9-to 12-year-olds who received active or inactive videogames (n = 83) to promote PA. Children's PA was assessed with 1 week of accelerometry at baseline. Parents reported their PA, TV, and videogame parenting practices and child's bedroom screen-media availability. Associations were investigated using Spearman's partial correlations and linear regressions. Results: Although several TV and videogame parenting practices were significantly intercorrelated, only a few significant correlations existed between screen-media and PA parenting practices. In linear regression models, restrictive TV parenting practices were associated with greater child sedentary time (p = 0.03) and less moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA; p = 0.01). PA logistic support parenting practices were associated with greater child MVPA (p = 0.03). Increased availability of screen-media equipment in the child's bedroom was associated with more sedentary time (p = 0.02) and less light PA (p = 0.01) and MVPA (p = 0.05) in all three models. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional sample, restrictive screen-media and supportive PA parenting practices had opposite associations with children's PA. Longitudinal and experimental child PA studies should assess PA and screen-media parenting separately to understand how parents influence their child's PA behaviors and whether the child's baseline PA or screen media behaviors affect the parent's use of parenting practices. Recommendations to remove screens from children's bedrooms may also affect their PA. C1 [O'Connor, Teresia M.; Chen, Tzu-An; Baranowski, Janice; Thompson, Deborah; Baranowski, Tom] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Connor, Teresia M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP O'Connor, TM (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM teresiao@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU National Cancer Institute [CA66724-01]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-0-008] FX This research was primarily funded by a grant from the National Cancer Institute (CA66724-01), and the original trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01024153. This work is also a publication of the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS), the Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine (Houston, TX), and funded, in part, with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-0-008. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US government. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 18 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-2168 EI 2153-2176 J9 CHILD OBES JI Child Obes. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 5 BP 446 EP 453 DI 10.1089/chi.2012.0131 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AI4PQ UT WOS:000336847700011 PM 24028564 ER PT J AU Alvarez, JA Mazer, LM Hebbar, G Frediani, JK Benton, SM Grossmann, RE Combs, GF Tangpricha, V Ziegler, TR AF Alvarez, J. A. Mazer, L. M. Hebbar, G. Frediani, J. K. Benton, S. M. Grossmann, R. E. Combs, G. F. Tangpricha, V Ziegler, T. R. TI MICRONUTRIENT STATUS DURING ACUTE PULMONARY EXACERBATION IN ADULT CYSTIC FIBROSIS SO PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Alvarez, J. A.; Mazer, L. M.; Hebbar, G.; Frediani, J. K.; Benton, S. M.; Grossmann, R. E.; Tangpricha, V; Ziegler, T. R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Combs, G. F.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 8755-6863 EI 1099-0496 J9 PEDIATR PULM JI Pediatr. Pulmonol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 SU 36 BP 403 EP 403 PG 1 WC Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA AF0FB UT WOS:000334387200614 ER PT J AU Cheng, LW Henderson, TD Patfield, S Stanker, LH He, XH AF Cheng, Luisa W. Henderson, Thomas D., II Patfield, Stephanie Stanker, Larry H. He, Xiaohua TI Mouse in Vivo Neutralization of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxin 2 with Monoclonal Antibodies SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE monoclonal antibodies; neutralization of Shiga toxins; Shiga toxin-producing E; coli; toxicokinetics ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS; BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN; TYPE-2 STX2; O157-H7; MICE; EFFICACY; DISEASE; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; VEROTOXIN-1 AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) food contaminations pose serious health concerns, and have been the subject of massive food recalls. STEC has been identified as the major cause of the life-threatening complication of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Besides supportive care, there currently are no therapeutics available. The use of antibiotics for combating pathogenic E. coli is not recommended because they have been shown to stimulate toxin production. Clearing Stx2 from the circulation could potentially lessen disease severity. In this study, we tested the in vivo neutralization of Stx2 in mice using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We measured the biologic half-life of Stx2 in mice and determined the distribution phase or t(1/2) to be 3 min and the clearance phase or t(1/2) to be 40 min. Neutralizing mAbs were capable of clearing Stx2 completely from intoxicated mouse blood within minutes. We also examined the persistence of these mAbs over time and showed that complete protection could be passively conferred to mice 4 weeks before exposure to Stx2. The advent of better diagnositic methods and the availability of a greater arsenal of therapeutic mAbs against Stx2 would greatly enhance treatment outcomes of life threatening E. coli infections. C1 [Cheng, Luisa W.; Henderson, Thomas D., II; Patfield, Stephanie; Stanker, Larry H.; He, Xiaohua] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP He, XH (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM luisa.cheng@ars.usda.gov; thomas.henderson@ars.usda.gov; stephanie.patfield@ars.usda.gov; larry.stanker@ars.usda.gov; xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, CRIS [5325-42000-048-00D] FX We thank Wanless Hatcher, Zeke Martinez and Jackie Miller for animal facilities support and Kirkwood Land for his helpful comments. The authors were funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, CRIS project 5325-42000-048-00D. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD OCT PY 2013 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1845 EP 1858 DI 10.3390/toxins5101845 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AC2UU UT WOS:000332372600010 PM 24152988 ER PT J AU Guedot, C Horton, DR Landolt, PJ Munyaneza, JE AF Guedot, Christelle Horton, David R. Landolt, Peter J. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Effect of mating on sex attraction in Bactericera cockerelli with evidence of refractoriness SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Triozidae; female attractiveness; volatile sex attractant; Hemiptera; spermatophore; post-copulatory refractory period; potato psyllid; olfactometer ID PEAR PSYLLA; CACOPSYLLA-PYRICOLA; FEMALE; HOMOPTERA; BEHAVIOR; POTATO; PERIOD; PLANT; HETEROPTERA; RECEPTIVITY AB Abstract We investigated the effect of mating on female attractiveness and male responsiveness in the potato psyllid, Bactericera (= Paratrioza) cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), a major pest of potato. Assays were designed to examine response by mated or virgin males to volatile odors produced by virgin or mated females. Mating induced a behavioral refractory period during which males were not attracted to females. The refractory period was shown to include a mating-induced lowering of male response to females, as well as a mating-induced lowering of female attractiveness. The refractory period was longer in females (at least 48 h) than in males (less than 24 h). Following a post-copulatory refractory period of 96 h, females were as attractive to males as virgin females. We also explored how rapidly spermatophores became depleted in females as a function of the amount of time following mating. The percent of females carrying spermatophores and the number of spermatophores per female decreased with the length of the female post-mating period, possibly due to the absorption by females of the spermatophores and their content. By 96 h following mating, spermatophores were not visible in the majority of females, thus the absence of spermatophores in females of this species should not be used as evidence of mating status. C1 [Guedot, Christelle; Horton, David R.; Landolt, Peter J.; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Guedot, C (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM guedot@wisc.edu NR 34 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 149 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.1111/eea.12104 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 216TV UT WOS:000324308300004 ER PT J AU Chen, YG Coleman, TW Jones, MI Flint, ML Seybold, SJ AF Chen, Yigen Coleman, Tom W. Jones, Michael I. Flint, Mary L. Seybold, Steven J. TI Foliar nutrients explain goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus, adult feeding preference among four California oak species SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; Buprestidae; phloem/xylem borer; oviposition; invasive species; Fagaceae; Quercus spp. ID EMERALD ASH BORER; SCHAEFFER COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; LEAF TOUGHNESS; HOST-PLANT; OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; COXALIS WATERHOUSE; QUERCUS-AGRIFOLIA; NORTH-AMERICA AB Abstract Adults of the invasive goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus Schaeffer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), consumed foliar weight in no-choice feeding tests of, in descending order, California black oak Quercus kelloggii Newb., Engelmann oak, Quercus engelmannii Greene, coast live oak, Quercus agrifolia Nee, and canyon live oak, Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. (Fagaceae). Furthermore, significantly more foliar area was consumed of Q. kelloggii than of Q. chrysolepis. In dual-choice feeding tests with isolated leaf disks, A. auroguttatus consumed significantly more foliar weight and area of Q. kelloggii relative to the other three oak species, and more foliar weight of Q. agrifolia than of Q. chrysolepis. In dual-choice feeding tests with leaves on small branches, A. auroguttatus consumed more foliar weight of Q. kelloggii than of Q. engelmannii and Q. agrifolia. Thus, multiple experiments suggested that adults of A. auroguttatus preferred the foliage of Q. kelloggii over that of the other three oak species, and among the other three species they did not appear to have a strong feeding preference. Factor analysis reduced the quantities of 13 foliar nutrients into two new variables (factor 1 and factor 2). Factor 1 was weighted heavily on the quantities of nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and copper, whereas factor 2 was weighted heavily on the quantities of zinc, iron, and aluminum. Factor 1 varied by oak species, with Q. kelloggii having a higher factor 1 nutrient content than the other three species. Factor 2 response was higher in Q. kelloggii, Q. agrifolia, and Q. engelmannii than in Q. chrysolepis. The collective effects of four macronutrients (nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and potassium) and two micronutrients (zinc and copper) suggest that these might be the nutrients directing preferential feeding of A. auroguttatus adults on the foliage of Q. kelloggii. Leaf toughness might also play an important role in feeding preference. Female A. auroguttatus did not show an ovipositional preference among the four oak species. C1 [Chen, Yigen; Jones, Michael I.; Flint, Mary L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Coleman, Tom W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. [Seybold, Steven J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Chen, YG (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ygchen2007@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Invasive Species Program [09-JV-11272138-028]; USDA Forest Service, Region 5; Washington Offices of State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection; USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program [R5-2011-03]; USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology [1081001528CA, 1181301528CA] FX We thank Jonathan Mireles, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, for assistance with field and lab work, and Laurel J. Haavik (Postdoctoral scholar, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada) for sharing unpublished data. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments that have improved the manuscript. The authors acknowledge funding provided for this work by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Invasive Species Program (Joint Venture Agreement no. 09-JV-11272138-028); the USDA Forest Service, Region 5 and Washington Offices of State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection; the USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program (grant no. R5-2011-03); and the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology for its support of the project 'Developing Efficient Detection Traps for the Exotic Goldspotted Oak Borer in Southern California' (Agreements no. 1081001528CA and 1181301528CA). NR 35 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 149 IS 1 BP 57 EP 66 DI 10.1111/eea.12110 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 216TV UT WOS:000324308300007 ER PT J AU Li, XH Feng, GL Zhao, CY Zheng, ZH AF Li, Xinhu Feng, Guanglong Zhao, Chengyi Zheng, Zehao TI Fine-Particle Emission Potential From Overflowing Areas of the Tarim River SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Tarim River; PM2.5; Wind erosion; river overflowing area; PM10; soil particle size distribution ID WIND EROSION; DUST EMISSION; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; NORTHERN CHINA; AEOLIAN DUST; SOIL; USA; DESERT; XINJIANG AB Fine particulates less than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) or 10 mu m (PM10) are often emitted from river bank or other alluvial lands to the atmosphere during dry and windy seasons worldwide, which contribute to land degradation and poor air quality. Investigation of PM2.5 and PM10 emission potential could contribute to the development of mitigation strategy and better land management practices. In the low-precipitation zone (<100 mm annual precipitation) of the Tarim Basin in western China, wind erosion and fugitive dust emission are recognized problems on the oasis. There is limited information, however, regarding wind erosion on river overflow areas, areas of temporal flooding, in the Tarim Basin. The objectives of this study were to characterize PM2.5 and PM10 emission potential and wind erosion potential of soils along the Tarim River. The results of particle analysis revealed that most soils (28 soils) were silt loam in the overflowing area of the Tarim River; few (12 soils) soils were sandy loam. The soils had low clay and high silt contents. Soil particles greater than 840 mu m (nonerodible soil particles) were not found by sieving all soil samples. Contents of PM2.5 and PM10 ranged from 1.6 to 30.4% and 4.5 to 78.6%. These high percentages of fine soil particulates suggest that mitigation of soil wind erosion and fine-particle emission is important in protecting air quality in the region. The highest content (44.9%) of saltation-size particles (100- to 500-mu m diameter) was found in the lower reaches of the river, followed by the middle reaches (14.6%) and then the upper reaches (11.7%) of the river. The highest content of suspension particles (<100-mu m diameter) was observed for soils in the middle reaches (13.1%), followed by the upper reaches (11.2%) and the lower reaches (7.1%). C1 [Li, Xinhu; Feng, Guanglong; Zhao, Chengyi; Zheng, Zehao] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, State Key Lab Desert & Oasis Ecol, Urumqi, Peoples R China. RP Feng, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 5367,810 Highway 12 East, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM gary.feng@ars.usda.gov RI ye, zhaoxia/E-3594-2015 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171019]; One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XBBS201207] FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41171019), the One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XBBS201207). NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 178 IS 10 BP 556 EP 567 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000019 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AC0TE UT WOS:000332207000005 ER PT J AU Rohumaa, A Hunt, CG Hughes, M Frihart, CR Logren, J AF Rohumaa, Anti Hunt, Christopher G. Hughes, Mark Frihart, Charles R. Logren, Janne TI The influence of lathe check depth and orientation on the bond quality of phenol-formaldehyde - bonded birch plywood SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE bond quality; lathe checks; percent wood; failure; plywood; share strength ID GLUEBOND QUALITY; ROUGHNESS AB During the rotary peeling of veneer for plywood or the laminated veneer lumber manufacture, checks are formed in the veneer that are as deep as 70-80% of the veneer thickness. The results of this study show that, during adhesive bond testing, deep lathe checks in birch (Betula pendula Roth.) veneer significantly reduce the shear strength and the percent wood failure of phenolformaldehyde (PF)-bonded plywood. The results also show that specimens tested with the checks pulled open or closed can fail by different mechanisms. Dried rotary peeled birch veneers were sanded to create uniform surfaces with lathe check depths varying from 30% to 90% of veneer thickness. Then, 7-ply plywood was manufactured with a commercial PF resin. After the preparation of the test specimens, the check depth of each specimen was measured microscopically. Subsequently, bond quality was measured according to EN 314. The results show that veneer checking alone can bring EN 314 specimens to the brink of failure even with an excellent adhesive. These findings stress the importance of measuring the depth of lathe checks and considering the orientations of checks during the testing to get a better understanding of bond quality in veneer-based products. C1 [Rohumaa, Anti; Hughes, Mark; Logren, Janne] Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Technol, Dept Forest Prod Technol, Aalto 00076, Finland. [Hunt, Christopher G.; Frihart, Charles R.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Rohumaa, A (reprint author), Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Technol, Dept Forest Prod Technol, POB 16400, Aalto 00076, Finland. EM anti.rohumaa@aalto.fi RI Hughes, Mark/G-2249-2013; Hunt, Christopher/D-6339-2011 OI Hunt, Christopher/0000-0002-4799-7085 FU INTERWOOD project; Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TEKES); Yrjo and Senja Koivunen Foundation; Dynea Chemicals Oy and Isku Teollisuus Oy FX This study was partly financed by the INTERWOOD project funded by the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TEKES) and industry. J.L. gratefully acknowledges the financial support provided by the Yrjo and Senja Koivunen Foundation. David Kretschmann (FPL) is also thanked for insightful discussions about fracture mechanics. This research work was made also possible by industrial support from Dynea Chemicals Oy and Isku Teollisuus Oy. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 EI 1437-434X J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD OCT PY 2013 VL 67 IS 7 BP 779 EP 786 DI 10.1515/hf-2012-0161 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 299AF UT WOS:000330365900008 ER PT J AU Claycombe, KJ Uthus, EO Roemmich, JN Johnson, LK Johnson, WT AF Claycombe, Kate J. Uthus, Eric O. Roemmich, James N. Johnson, LuAnn K. Johnson, W. Thomas TI Prenatal Low-Protein and Postnatal High-Fat Diets Induce Rapid Adipose Tissue Growth by Inducing Igf2 Expression in Sprague Dawley Rat Offspring SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CATCH-UP GROWTH; GENE-EXPRESSION; DNA METHYLATION; OBESITY; REGION; WOMEN; LEADS; RISK; CTCF; PREADIPOCYTES AB Maternal low-protein diets result in lower birth weight followed by accelerated catch-up growth that is accompanied by the development of obesity and glucose intolerance in later life. Whether postnatal high-fat (HF) diets further contribute to the development of obesity and insulin resistance in offspring by affecting adipose tissue metabolism and DNA methylation is currently unknown. Obese-prone Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 8% low protein (LP) or 20% normal protein diets for 3 wk prior to conception and throughout pregnancy and lactation to investigate whether prenatal LP and postnatal HF diets affect the rate of adipose tissue growth, insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) expression, and DNA methylation in male offspring. At weaning, the offspring were fed 10% normal fat or 45% HF diets for 12 wk. The adipose tissue growth rate was increased (up to 26-fold) by the LP prenatal and HF postnatal diets. Adipose tissue Igf2 mRNAs and DNA methylation were increased by the LP prenatal and HF postnatal diets. The LP prenatal and HF postnatal diet increased the number of small adipocytes in adipose tissue and decreased insulin sensitivity. These findings suggest that prenatal LP and postnatal HF intake result in adipose tissue catch-up growth through alterations in the expression of the Igf2 gene and DNA methylation within adipocytes. These alterations in adiposity are accompanied by an increased risk of development of type 2 diabetes. C1 [Claycombe, Kate J.; Uthus, Eric O.; Roemmich, James N.; Johnson, LuAnn K.; Johnson, W. Thomas] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Claycombe, KJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. FU USDA Agricultural Research Service Project [5450-51000-047-00D] FX Supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service Project no. 5450-51000-047-00D to K. J. Claycombe. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 143 IS 10 BP 1533 EP 1539 DI 10.3945/jn.113.178038 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 298NW UT WOS:000330331700001 PM 23946348 ER PT J AU Zhang, Q Jones, S Ruhm, CJ Andrews, M AF Zhang, Qi Jones, Sonya Ruhm, Christopher J. Andrews, Margaret TI Higher Food Prices May Threaten Food Security Status among American Low-Income Households with Children SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-DENSITY; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; HEALTH OUTCOMES; US ADULTS; INSECURITY; CONSUMPTION; OBESITY; ECONOMICS; DIETARY; TAX AB Children in food-insecure households are more likely to experience poorer health function and worse academic achievement. To investigate the relation between economic environmental factors and food insecurity among children, we examined the relation between general and specific food prices (fast food, fruits and vegetables, beverages) and risk of low (LFS) and very low food security (VLFS) status among low-income American households with children. Using information for 27,900 child-year observations from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Class of 1998 1999 linked with food prices obtained from the Cost of Living Data of the Council for Community and Economic Research, formerly known as the American Chamber of Commerce Researchers' Association, fixed effects models were estimated within stratified income groups. Higher overall food prices were associated with increased risk of LFS and VLFS (coefficient = 0.617; P < 0.05). Higher fast food and fruit and vegetable prices also contributed to higher risk of food insecurity (coefficient = 0.632, P < 0.01 for fast food; coefficient = 0.879, P < 0.01 for fruits and vegetables). However, increasing beverage prices, including the prices of soft drinks, orange juice, and coffee, had a protective effect on food security status, even when controlling for general food prices. Thus, although food price changes were strongly related to food security status among low-income American households with children, the effects were not uniform across types of food. These relations should be accounted for when implementing policies that change specific food prices. C1 [Zhang, Qi] Old Dominion Univ, Sch Community & Environm Hlth, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Jones, Sonya] Univ S Carolina, Ctr Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Ruhm, Christopher J.] Univ Virginia, Frank Batten Sch Leadership & Publ Policy, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Andrews, Margaret] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Sch Community & Environm Hlth, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM qzhang@odu.edu FU USDA/Economic Research Service, Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program [58-5000-0-0089] FX Supported by the USDA/Economic Research Service, Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program (58-5000-0-0089). All opinions are the authors' and do not reflect the official policy of the USDA. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 143 IS 10 BP 1659 EP 1665 DI 10.3945/jn.112.170506 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 298NW UT WOS:000330331700018 PM 23946342 ER PT J AU Ghattas, H Barbour, JM Nord, M Zurayk, R Sahyoun, NR AF Ghattas, Hala Barbour, Jessica M. Nord, Mark Zurayk, Rami Sahyoun, Nadine R. TI Household Food Security Is Associated with Agricultural Livelihoods and Diet Quality in a Marginalized Community of Rural Bedouins in Lebanon SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID AGED 6-10 YEARS; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; DIVERSITY SCORE; RISK; CONSUMPTION; SYSTEMS; PRICES; ADULTS; HEALTH AB In the context of recent increases in international food prices, it is hypothesized that in rural communities retaining food production practices is important for protection against food insecurity at both the household and community levels, as well as for protection against the development of poor nutritional outcomes. To investigate this hypothesis, a cross-sectional study of household food security and nutritional status was carried out in a rural community of settled Bedouins in Lebanon comprising 84 households with 474 individuals; this tribe's recent history of settlement in 2 locations that differ by access to land and food production practices provides the context for this study. Food insecurity was found to be highly prevalent (49%) in this Bedouin community and was negatively associated with household food production (P < 0.05) and the consumption of fruits, chicken, meat, and fish (P < 0.05) and positively associated with consumption of cereal products (P < 0.01). This study shows that in small rural communities in a transitional country, sustaining food production may protect from food insecurity. Agricultural livelihood support programs that promote continued involvement in food production at the household and community level, in conjunction with other income-generating activities, may build resilience against food insecurity and improve dietary diversity. C1 [Ghattas, Hala; Barbour, Jessica M.] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Beirut, Lebanon. [Zurayk, Rami] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Landscape Design & Ecosyst Management, Beirut, Lebanon. [Nord, Mark] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Sahyoun, Nadine R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Ghattas, H (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Beirut, Lebanon. EM hg15@aub.edu.lb RI Ghattas, Hala/K-5661-2016 FU Heinrich Boll Foundation FX Supported by the Heinrich Boll Foundation. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 143 IS 10 BP 1666 EP 1671 DI 10.3945/jn.113.176388 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 298NW UT WOS:000330331700019 PM 23946340 ER PT J AU Frankie, GW Vinson, SB Rizzardi, MA Griswold, TL Coville, RE Grayum, MH Martinez, LES Foltz-Sweat, J Pawelek, JC AF Frankie, G. W. Vinson, S. B. Rizzardi, M. A. Griswold, T. L. Coville, R. E. Grayum, M. H. Martinez, L. E. S. Foltz-Sweat, J. Pawelek, J. C. TI Relationships of Bees to Host Ornamental and Weedy Flowers in Urban Northwest Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Bee-flower relations; community pollination; Costa Rican ecology; ecological restoration; native bee ecology; pollen/nectar resources; pollination ecology; tropical flower phenology; urban ecology ID PLANT-POLLINATOR INTERACTIONS; NECTAR PRODUCTION; FRIENDLY GARDENS; CENTRAL-AMERICA; ANDIRA-INERMIS; INSECT VISITS; DRY FOREST; HYMENOPTERA; TREE; CONSERVATION AB Ecological studies on native bees in urban tropical environments are rare, however, ever-increasing urban areas world-wide necessitate study on how many of these bees can and have adjusted to human constructs. Predictable ecological patterns that emerge from these studies can provide guidance on how future urban constructs can be designed to provide habitat for conserving and protecting native bees. These patterns can also be used for bee habitat restoration in natural and agricultural environments. An extensive survey of native bees and honey bees and their relationships to a community of 102 plant types in urban residential environments of Bagaces and Liberia in northwestern Costa Rica was conducted from 2003-2012. Bees were attracted and recorded at measurable frequencies to 82 plant genera in 41 families, the most common of which was Fabaceae. Forty-two plant types were native ornamentals; 39 were non-natives; and 21 were native weed species. Standardized bee visitation (frequency) counts, 17,000+, were used to record relationships between bees and flowers. The following data were recorded for each plant type: flowering phenology in months, type of floral reward(s) (pollen, nectar, and/or oil), main daily attraction period, and most frequently visiting bee taxa. Plant life forms included trees, shrubs, lianas/vines, herbs, and palms. Each plant group had a different seasonal flowering phenology with native ornamentals and native weeds having patterns that closely resembled the general patterns for wild plants in the dry forest. Predictable associations of certain bee taxa with each plant type emerged from the count data, which allowed for categorizing relationships into four types: small bee, diverse bee, specialized bee, and nocturnal pollination systems. Intraspecific variations in bee attraction to several plant types were also noted. Honey bees (Africanized) did not figure prominently in most pollination relationships, especially with regard to native plants. Most native bee species were generalized foragers. Beyond the urban environment, it is suggested that knowledge of predictable bee-flower relationships can also be used to restore bee habitat in disturbed environments such as deforested areas. With some imagination and outreach education, bee habitats could also be installed for some agricultural crops. Outreaching information on native bee-flower relationships at local, regional, and state levels is important for short and long-term propagation of urban (and agricultural) plants. Yet, very few outlets for transferring this knowledge currently exist in Costa Rica. A few limited options for sharing this information are discussed, including collaborative partnerships with local NGOs. C1 [Frankie, G. W.; Foltz-Sweat, J.; Pawelek, J. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vinson, S. B.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Rizzardi, M. A.] Humboldt State Univ, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Griswold, T. L.] ARS, USDA, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Grayum, M. H.] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. RP Frankie, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU National Geographic Society of Washington, DC; California and Texas Agricultural Experiment Stations FX We thank the California and Texas Agricultural Experiment Stations for their support of the research. Partial support was also provided by the National Geographic Society of Washington, DC. Peter Ronchi, Marvin Duarte, Marissa Ponder, and Mary Schindler assisted with collections of bee-flower frequency data in Bagaces and Liberia. David and Gary Stewart provided logistic support to conduct research on their respective properties in Guanacaste. The Hilda Sandoval family in Bagaces offered logistic and moral support for the project. Jim Cane, Robbin Thorp and Jerry Rozen kindly read an early draft of the paper. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 199 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 EI 1937-2353 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 86 IS 4 BP 325 EP 351 PG 27 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 302JB UT WOS:000330599700005 ER PT J AU Lee, K Gu, SY Jin, L Le, TTN Cheng, LW Strotmeier, J Kruel, AM Yao, GR Perry, K Rummel, A Jin, RS AF Lee, Kwangkook Gu, Shenyan Jin, Lei Thi Tuc Nghi Le Cheng, Luisa W. Strotmeier, Jasmin Kruel, Anna Magdalena Yao, Guorui Perry, Kay Rummel, Andreas Jin, Rongsheng TI Structure of a Bimodular Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex Provides Insights into Its Oral Toxicity SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID NONTOXIC-NONHEMAGGLUTININ COMPONENT; A PROGENITOR TOXINS; SUGAR-BINDING SITES; CELL-LINE CACO-2; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; SEROTYPE-D; MOLECULAR COMPOSITION; EPITHELIAL BARRIER; HA PROTEINS; HEMAGGLUTININ AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are produced by Clostridium botulinum and cause the fatal disease botulism, a flaccid paralysis of the muscle. BoNTs are released together with several auxiliary proteins as progenitor toxin complexes (PTCs) to become highly potent oral poisons. Here, we report the structure of a similar to 760 kDa 14-subunit large PTC of serotype A (L-PTC/A) and reveal insight into its absorption mechanism. Using a combination of X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy, and functional studies, we found that L-PTC/A consists of two structurally and functionally independent sub-complexes. A hetero-dimeric 290 kDa complex protects BoNT, while a hetero-dodecameric 470 kDa complex facilitates its absorption in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract. BoNT absorption is mediated by nine glycan-binding sites on the dodecameric sub-complex that forms multivalent interactions with carbohydrate receptors on intestinal epithelial cells. We identified monosaccharides that blocked oral BoNT intoxication in mice, which suggests a new strategy for the development of preventive countermeasures for BoNTs based on carbohydrate receptor mimicry. C1 [Lee, Kwangkook; Gu, Shenyan; Yao, Guorui; Jin, Rongsheng] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Jin, Lei] Sanford Burnham Med Res Inst, Infect & Inflammatory Dis Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. [Thi Tuc Nghi Le; Strotmeier, Jasmin; Kruel, Anna Magdalena; Rummel, Andreas] Medizin Hsch Hannover, Inst Toxikol, Hannover, Germany. [Cheng, Luisa W.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Perry, Kay] Cornell Univ, Argonne Natl Lab, NE CAT, Argonne, IL USA. [Perry, Kay] Cornell Univ, Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Argonne, IL USA. [Jin, Rongsheng] Sanford Burnham Med Res Inst, Neurosci Aging & Stem Cell Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Lee, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. EM rummel.andreas@mh-hannover.de; r.jin@uci.edu RI Jin, Rongsheng/M-7797-2013; OI Jin, Rongsheng/0000-0003-0348-7363; Perry, Kay/0000-0002-4046-1704 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [5R01AI091823, U54 AI065359]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG Exzellenzinitiative GSC 108]; Swiss Federal Office for Civil Protection (BABS) [353003325]; United States Department of Agriculture CRIS project [5325-42000-048-00D]; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [5P41RR015301-10]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [8 P41 GM103403-10]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research; NIGMS [P41GM103393]; NCRR [P41RR001209]; NIH at UCLA [1S10RR23057]; NIH; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG FX This work was supported in part by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grants (5R01AI091823 to RJ and U54 AI065359 to LWC), by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Exzellenzinitiative GSC 108 to TTNL), by the Swiss Federal Office for Civil Protection (BABS #353003325 to AR), and by the United States Department of Agriculture CRIS project (5325-42000-048-00D to LWC). NE-CAT at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) is supported by grants from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR, 5P41RR015301-10), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS, 8 P41 GM103403-10), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE, DE-AC02-06CH11357). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource is supported by the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the NIGMS (including P41GM103393), and the NCRR (P41RR001209). We acknowledge the use of the EM facility at the Electron Imaging Center for NanoMachines supported by NIH (1S10RR23057 to Dr. Z. Hong Zhou) at UCLA, and the UCSD Cryo-EM Facility, which is supported by NIH grants to Dr. Timothy S. Baker and a gift from the Agouron Institute to UCSD. Publication charges were supported in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG in the framework of the program "Open Access Publishing" at Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 10 AR e1003690 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003690 PG 13 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 299GJ UT WOS:000330383800059 PM 24130488 ER PT J AU Kim, DK Lillehoj, HS Lee, SH Jang, SI Park, MS Min, W Lillehoj, EP Bravo, D AF Kim, Duk Kyung Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lee, Sung Hyen Jang, Seung Ik Park, Myeong Seon Min, Wongi Lillehoj, Erik P. Bravo, David TI Immune effects of dietary anethole on Eimeria acervulina infection SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE anethole; Eimeria acervulina; chicken; immunity; microarray ID ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; INNATE IMMUNITY; IN-VITRO; CHICKEN; EXPRESSION; TENELLA; VACCINATION; RECEPTOR; CELLS AB The effects of anethole on in vitro and in vivo parameters of chicken immunity during experimental avian coccidiosis were evaluated. Anethole reduced the viability of invasive Eimeria acervulina sporozoites after 2 or 4 h of treatment in vitro by 45 and 42%, respectively, and stimulated 6.0-fold greater chicken spleen cell proliferation compared with controls. Broiler chickens continuously fed from hatch with an anethole-supplemented diet and orally challenged with live E. acervulina oocysts showed enhanced BW gain, decreased fecal oocyst excretion, and greater E. acervulina profilin antibody responses compared with infected chickens given an unsupplemented standard diet. The levels of transcripts encoding the immune mediators IL6, IL8, IL10, and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) in intestinal lymphocytes were increased in E. acervulina-infected chickens fed the anethole-containing diet compared with untreated controls. Global gene expression analysis by microarray hybridization identified 1,810 transcripts (677 upregulated, 1,133 downregulated) whose levels were significantly altered in intestinal lymphocytes of anethole-fed birds compared with unsupplemented controls. From this transcriptome, 576 corresponding genes were identified. The most significant biological function associated with these genes was "Inflammatory Response" in the "Disease and Disorders" category. This new information documents the immunologic and genomic changes that occur in chickens following anethole dietary supplementation that may be relevant to host protective immune response to avian coccidiosis. C1 [Kim, Duk Kyung; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung Hyen; Jang, Seung Ik; Park, Myeong Seon] USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju 660701, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Life Sci Res Inst, Jinju 660701, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Bravo, David] Pancosma SA, CH-1218 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366 FU ARS-USDA; Pancosma; World Class University Program of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea [R33-10013] FX This project was supported by a Trust agreement between ARS-USDA and Pancosma and the World Class University Program (R33-10013) of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea. We thank Marjorie Nichols, Stacy O'Donnell, and Ashley Cox (Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD) for technical assistance. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 19 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 92 IS 10 BP 2625 EP 2634 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03092 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HV UT WOS:000330524300010 PM 24046409 ER PT J AU Kim, DK Lillehoj, HS Lee, SH Jang, SI Lillehoj, EP Bravo, D AF Kim, Duk Kyung Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lee, Sung Hyen Jang, Seung I. Lillehoj, Erik P. Bravo, David TI Dietary Curcuma longa enhances resistance against Eimeria maxima and Eimeria tenella infections in chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE curcumin; avian coccidiosis; intestine; genomics; cytokine ID GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; IN-VITRO; ACERVULINA INFECTION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; TNF-ALPHA; MACROPHAGES; CYTOKINE; IMMUNITY; ACTIVATION AB The effects of dietary supplementation with an organic extract of Curcuma longa on systemic and local immune responses to experimental Eimeria maxima and Eimeria tenella infections were evaluated in commercial broiler chickens. Dietary supplementation with C. longa enhanced coccidiosis resistance as demonstrated by increased BW gains, reduced fecal oocyst shedding, and decreased gut lesions compared with infected birds fed a nonsupplemented control diet. The chickens fed C. longa-supplemented diet showed enhanced systemic humoral immunity, as assessed by greater levels of serum antibodies to an Eimeria microneme protein, MIC2, and enhanced cellular immunity, as measured by concanavalin A-induced spleen cell proliferation, compared with controls. At the intestinal level, genome-wide gene expression profiling by microarray hybridization identified 601 differentially expressed transcripts (287 upregulated, 314 downregulated) in gut lymphocytes of C. longa-fed chickens compared with nonsupplemented controls. Based on the known functions of the corresponding mammalian genes, the C. longa-induced intestinal transcriptome was mostly associated with genes mediating anti-inflammatory effects. Taken together, these results suggest that dietary C. longa could be used to attenuate Eimeria-induced, inflammation-mediated gut damage in commercial poultry production. C1 [Kim, Duk Kyung; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung Hyen; Jang, Seung I.] USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Bravo, David] Pancosma SA, CH-1218 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service; Pancosma FX This project was supported by a Trust agreement between USDA/Agricultural Research Service and Pancosma. We thank Marjorie Nichols and Stacy O'Donnell (USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD) for technical assistance. NR 54 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 22 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 92 IS 10 BP 2635 EP 2643 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03095 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HV UT WOS:000330524300011 PM 24046410 ER PT J AU Kim, EJ Purswell, JL Davis, JD Loar, RE Karges, K AF Kim, E. J. Purswell, J. L. Davis, J. D. Loar, R. E., II Karges, K. TI Live production and carcass characteristics of broilers fed a blend of poultry fat and corn oil derived from distillers dried grains with solubles SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE corn oil; corn distillers dried grains with solubles; biodiesel coproduct AB Corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are now being further processed to remove corn oil, which may be used as a dietary energy source for poultry. The objectives of this study were to compare the effects of a poultry fat (PF) and a new DDGS-derived corn oil blend (CO) on live performance and carcass characteristics of 49-d-old broilers. Four corn-soybean meal based diets were formulated with differing blends of PF and CO. All diets contained the same percentage of total fat, but differed in the fat source. One diet had the sole source of fat as PF (100:0% PF: CO) and was then replaced with 25% CO, 75% CO, and a 100% replacement of CO. Each of the diets was fed in a 3-phase feeding program to 6 replicate pens. At day of hatch, Ross x Ross 708 broilers were randomly allocated to 24 pens composed of 42 birds of equal sex. On d 49, 10 birds from each pen were processed, and carcass, abdominal fat pad, and breast muscle components were determined. There were no significant differences in live performance for the starter phase (0-18 d). For the grower phase (19-35 d), birds fed 75: 25% PF: CO significantly (P <= 0.05) increased BW, BW gain, and decreased feed conversion compared with the control (100: 0% PF: CO). Birds fed 0: 100% PF: CO also observed similar improvements in BW, BW gain, and feed conversion during the grower phase. There were no significant differences for the finisher phase (36-48 d). On d 49, live weights for birds fed the 0: 100% PF: CO diets were significantly lower compared with other treatments. A trend for lower carcass and breast weights and increased abdominal fat was also observed for birds fed the 0: 100% PF: CO. The addition of CO led to significant improvements in pellet durability for grower and finisher pellets. The results of this study indicate that DDGS-derived CO can be used to partially replace PF in broiler diets without any detrimental effects. C1 [Kim, E. J.; Purswell, J. L.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Davis, J. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Loar, R. E., II; Karges, K.] POET Nutr, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA. RP Kim, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Elizabeth.Kim@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 92 IS 10 BP 2732 EP 2736 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02954 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 301HV UT WOS:000330524300022 PM 24046421 ER PT J AU Carstens, KL Gross, AD Moorman, TB Coats, JR AF Carstens, Keri L. Gross, Aaron D. Moorman, Thomas B. Coats, Joel R. TI Sorption and Photodegradation Processes Govern Distribution and Fate of Sulfamethazine in Freshwater-Sediment Microcosms SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFONAMIDE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; SULFA DRUGS; TEST-PLOT; SOIL; SULFADIAZINE; TRANSFORMATION; MANURE; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLITES AB The antibiotic sulfamethazine can be transported from manured fields to surface water bodies. We investigated the degradation and fate of sulfamethazine in pond water using C-14-phenyl-sulfamethazine in small pond water microcosms containing intact sediment and pond water. We found a 2.7-day half-life in pond water and 4.2-day half-life when sulfamethazine was added to the water (5 mg L-1 initial concentration) with swine manure diluted to simulate runoff. Sulfamethazine dissipated exponentially from the water column, with the majority of loss occurring via movement into the sediment phase. Extractable sulfamethazine in sediment accounted for 1.9-6.1% of the applied antibiotic within 14 days and then declined thereafter. Sulfamethazine was transformed mainly into nonextractable sediment-bound residue (40-60% of applied radioactivity) and smaller amounts of photoproducts. Biodegradation, as indicated by metabolite formation and (CO2)-C-14 evolution, was less significant than photodegradation. Two photoproducts accounted for 15-30% of radioactivity in the water column at the end of the 63-day study; the photoproducts were the major degradates in the aqueous and sediment phases. Other unidentified metabolites individually accounted for <7% of radioactivity in the water or sediment. Less than 3% of applied radioactivity was mineralized to (CO2)-C-14. Manure input significantly increased sorption and binding of sulfamethazine residues to the sediment. These results show concurrent processes of photodegradation and sorption to sediment control aqueous concentrations and establish that sediment is a sink for sulfamethazine and sulfamethazine-related residues. Accumulation of the photoproducts and sulfamethazine in sediment may have important implications for benthic organisms. C1 [Carstens, Keri L.; Gross, Aaron D.; Coats, Joel R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Moorman, Thomas B.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Moorman, TB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tom.moorman@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. EPA STAR Fellowship; USDA-CSREES-NRI Grant [IOW05091]; Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station [5091] FX The authors would like to thank Beth Douglass, Amy Morrow, and Ashley Jessick for their technical assistance and Dr. David Smith (USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND) for donation of metabolite standards. Funding for this study was provided by a U.S. EPA STAR Fellowship and USDA-CSREES-NRI Grant #IOW05091. This article is a contribution from the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station, Project No. 5091. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 86 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 19 BP 10877 EP 10883 DI 10.1021/es402100g PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295CT UT WOS:000330094900019 PM 23977992 ER PT J AU Lemly, AD Skorupa, JP AF Lemly, A. Dennis Skorupa, Joseph P. TI Response to Comments on "Wildlife and the Coal Waste Policy Debate: Proposed Rules for Coal Waste Disposal Ignore Lessons from 45 years of Wildlife Poisoning" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; TENNESSEE; KINGSTON; ASH C1 [Lemly, A. Dennis] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Piedmont Aquat Res Lab, Southern Res Stn,USDA Forest Serv, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Skorupa, Joseph P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Environm Contaminants Div, Lakewood, CO 80228 USA. RP Lemly, AD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Piedmont Aquat Res Lab, Southern Res Stn,USDA Forest Serv, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM dlemly@fs.fed.us NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 19 BP 11367 EP 11368 DI 10.1021/es403359z PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295CT UT WOS:000330094900079 PM 23998346 ER PT J AU Poudel, B Wintermantel, WM Cortez, AA Ho, T Khadgi, A Tzanetakis, IE AF Poudel, Bindu Wintermantel, William M. Cortez, Arturo A. Ho, Thien Khadgi, Archana Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. TI Epidemiology of Blackberry yellow vein associated virus SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CRINIVIRUS; MEMBER; RUBUS AB Blackberry yellow vein disease is one of the most important diseases of blackberry in the United States. Several viruses are found associated with the symptomology but Blackberry yellow vein associated virus (BYVaV) appears to be the most prevalent of all, leading to the need for a better understanding of its epidemiology. Efficient detection protocols were developed using end-point and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. A multi-state survey was performed on wild and cultivated blackberry to assess the geographical distribution of the virus. Two whitefly species, Trialeurodes abutilonea and T. vaporariorum, were identified as vectors and 25 plant species were tested as potential BYVaV hosts. The information obtained in this study can be used at multiple levels to better understand and control blackberry yellow vein disease. C1 [Poudel, Bindu; Ho, Thien; Khadgi, Archana; Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas Syst, Div Agr, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Wintermantel, William M.; Cortez, Arturo A.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Tzanetakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Syst, Div Agr, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM itzaneta@uark.edu RI Ho, Thien/A-7209-2012 OI Ho, Thien/0000-0003-0914-306X FU United States Department of Agriculture under the Specialty Crops Research Initiative (SCRI) [2009-51181-06022]; National Clean Plant Network (NCPN) [10-8100-1572]; North American Raspberry and Blackberry Association (NARBA) FX Research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture under the Specialty Crops Research Initiative (SCRI), award number 2009-51181-06022; National Clean Plant Network (NCPN), award number 10-8100-1572; and a grant from the North American Raspberry and Blackberry Association (NARBA). We thank S. Sabanadzovic and Z. Pesic-VanEsbroeck for providing some of the samples used in the study. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1352 EP 1357 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0018-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200012 ER PT J AU Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE AF Martin, Robert R. Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. TI High Risk Strawberry Viruses by Region in the United States and Canada: Implications for Certification, Nurseries, and Fruit Production SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NECROTIC SHOCK VIRUS; PALLIDOSIS DISEASE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; FRAGARIA-CHILOENSIS; GENUS ILARVIRUS; RINGSPOT-VIRUS; MOTTLE VIRUS; 1ST REPORT; IDENTIFICATION; MEMBER AB There is limited information about the distribution of strawberry viruses in North America and around the world. Since the turn of the century, there has been a concerted effort to develop sensitive tests for many of the previously uncharacterized, graft-transmissible agents infecting strawberry. These tests were employed to determine the presence of strawberry viruses in major strawberry production and nursery areas of North America. The viruses evaluated in this study were Apple mosaic, Beet pseudo-yellows, Fragaria chiloensis latent, Strawberry chlorotic fleck, Strawberry crinkle, Strawberry latent ring spot, Strawberry mild yellow edge, Strawberry mottle, Strawberry necrotic shock, Strawberry pallidosis, Strawberry vein banding, and Tobacco streak. The aphid-borne viruses were predominant in the Pacific Northwest whereas the whitefly-borne viruses were prevalent in California, the Midwest, and the Southeast. In the Northeast, the aphid-transmitted Strawberry mottle and Strawberry mild yellow edge viruses along with the whitefly-transmitted viruses were most common. The incidence of pollen-borne viruses was low in most areas, with Strawberry necrotic shock being the most prevalent virus of this group. These results indicate that there are hotspots for individual virus groups that normally coincide with the presence of the vectors. The information presented highlights the high-risk viruses for nursery production, where efforts are made to control all viruses, and fruit production, where efforts are made to control virus diseases. C1 [Martin, Robert R.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas, Cell & Mol Biol Program, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM bob.martin@ars.usda.gov FU California Strawberry Commission; Oregon Strawberry Commission; Washington Strawberry Commission; Fraser Valley Strawberry Growers Association; North American Strawberry Growers Association; Northwest Center for Small Fruit Research; National Clean Plant Network; USDA-ARS; Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station FX Financial support was provided by the California Strawberry Commission, Oregon Strawberry Commission, Washington Strawberry Commission, Fraser Valley Strawberry Growers Association, North American Strawberry Growers Association, The Northwest Center for Small Fruit Research, the National Clean Plant Network, the USDA-ARS and the Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station. We thank P. Byers, A. Dale, C. Finn, M. Ellis, R. Gergerich, A. Jamieson, J. Lewis, F. Louws, P. McManus, D. Marcum, J. Mertley, M. Nelson, N. Peres, B. Poling, A. Schilder, G. Schnabel, T. Walters, C. Weber, W. Wintermanel, B. Hughes, T. Bauman, M. Bolda, B. Hughes, M. Kong, A. Laney, T. Nourse, R. Tritten, and M. Sweeney, for providing strawberry samples. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1358 EP 1362 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-12-0842-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200013 ER PT J AU Chikh-Ali, M Gray, SM Karasev, AV AF Chikh-Ali, Mohamad Gray, Stewart M. Karasev, Alexander V. TI An Improved Multiplex IC-RT-PCR Assay Distinguishes Nine Strains of Potato virus Y SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NECROTIC RINGSPOT DISEASE; NORTH-AMERICAN; UNITED-STATES; PVY STRAINS; SEROLOGICAL PROPERTIES; RECOMBINANT; DIFFERENTIATION; CANADA; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY AB A multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was previously developed to identify a group of Potato virus Y (PVY) isolates with unusual recombinant structures (e.g., PVYNTN-NW and SYR-III) and to differentiate them from other PVY strains. In the present study, the efficiency of this multiplex RT-PCR assay was validated and extended considerably to include five additional strains and strain groups not tested before. To make the multiplex RT-PCR assay more applicable and suitable for routine virus testing and typing, it was modified by replacing the conventional RNA extraction step with the immunocapture (IC) procedure. The results obtained using well-characterized reference isolates revealed, for the first time, that this multiplex RT-PCR assay is an accurate and robust method to identify and differentiate the nine PVY strains reported to date, including PVYO (both PVYO and PVYO-O5), PVYN, PVYNA-N, PVYNTN, PVYZ, PVYE, PVY-NE11, PVYN-Wi, and PVYN:O, which is not possible by any of the previously reported RT-PCR procedures. This would make the IC-RT-PCR procedure presented here a method of choice to identify PVY strains and assess the strain composition of PVY in a given area. The IC-RT-PCR protocol was successfully applied to typing PVY isolates in potato leaf tissue collected in the field. C1 [Chikh-Ali, Mohamad] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci PSES, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Karasev, Alexander V.] Univ Idaho, Dept PSES, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Chikh-Ali, M (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci PSES, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM mchikhali@uidaho.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-NIFA-NRI [2009-35600-05025]; United States Department of Agriculture USDA-NIFA-SCRI [2009-51181-05894]; U.S. Potato Board; National Potato Council; USDA Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Agreements [58-5354-7-540, 58-1907-8-870]; Idaho Potato Commission; Washington State Potato Commission FX This work was funded, in part, through grants from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-NIFA-NRI (2009-35600-05025), USDA-NIFA-SCRI (2009-51181-05894), U.S. Potato Board, National Potato Council, the USDA Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Agreements 58-5354-7-540 and 58-1907-8-870, the Idaho Potato Commission, and the Washington State Potato Commission. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1370 EP 1374 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-13-0161-SR PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200015 ER PT J AU Aguilar, E Sengoda, VG Bextine, B McCue, KF Munyaneza, JE AF Aguilar, E. Sengoda, V. G. Bextine, B. McCue, K. F. Munyaneza, J. E. TI First Report of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" on Tomato in Honduras SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Aguilar, E.] Zamorano Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Sengoda, V. G.; Munyaneza, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Bextine, B.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [McCue, K. F.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Aguilar, E (reprint author), Zamorano Univ, Km 30 Carretera Danli, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1375 EP 1376 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-13-0354-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200018 ER PT J AU Aguilar, E Sengoda, VG Bextine, B McCue, KF Munyaneza, JE AF Aguilar, E. Sengoda, V. G. Bextine, B. McCue, K. F. Munyaneza, J. E. TI First Report of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" on Tobacco in Honduras SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Aguilar, E.] Zamorano Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Sengoda, V. G.; Munyaneza, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Bextine, B.] Univ Texas Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [McCue, K. F.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Aguilar, E (reprint author), Zamorano Univ, Km 30 Carretera Danli, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1376 EP 1377 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-13-0453-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200021 ER PT J AU Rooney-Latham, S Honeycutt, E Ochoa, J Grunwald, NJ Blomquist, CL AF Rooney-Latham, S. Honeycutt, E. Ochoa, J. Gruenwald, N. J. Blomquist, C. L. TI First Report of Camphor Tree (Cinnamomum camphora) as a Host of Phytophthora ramorum SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Rooney-Latham, S.; Blomquist, C. L.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Honeycutt, E.] Bartlett Tree Experts, Res Lab, Charlotte, NC 28278 USA. [Ochoa, J.] Bartlett Tree Experts, San Rafael, CA USA. [Gruenwald, N. J.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Rooney-Latham, S (reprint author), Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1377 EP 1378 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0096-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200023 ER PT J AU Paul, C Hartman, GL Marois, JJ Wright, DL Walker, DR AF Paul, C. Hartman, G. L. Marois, J. J. Wright, D. L. Walker, D. R. TI First Report of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Adapting to Soybean Genotypes with Rpp1 or Rpp6 Rust Resistance Genes in Field Plots in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Paul, C.; Hartman, G. L.; Walker, D. R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, G. L.; Walker, D. R.] USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Marois, J. J.; Wright, D. L.] Univ Florida, North Cent Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. RP Paul, C (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1379 EP 1379 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-13-0182-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200027 ER PT J AU Rayamajhi, MB Pratt, PD Klopfenstein, NB Ross-Davis, AL Rodgers, L AF Rayamajhi, M. B. Pratt, P. D. Klopfenstein, N. B. Ross-Davis, A. L. Rodgers, L. TI First Report of Puccinia psidii Caused Rust Disease Epiphytotic on the Invasive Shrub Rhodomyrtus tomentosa in Florida SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Rayamajhi, M. B.; Pratt, P. D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. [Klopfenstein, N. B.; Ross-Davis, A. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. [Rodgers, L.] South Florida Water Management Dist, W Palm Beach, FL USA. RP Rayamajhi, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1379 EP 1380 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0225-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200028 ER PT J AU Donald, PA Holguin, CM Agudelo, PA AF Donald, P. A. Holguin, C. M. Agudelo, P. A. TI First Report of Lance Nematode (Hoplolaimus magnistylus) on Corn, Soybean, and Cotton in Tennessee SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Donald, P. A.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Holguin, C. M.; Agudelo, P. A.] Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Donald, PA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1389 EP 1389 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-12-0881-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200053 ER PT J AU Guaragna, MA Lamborn, J Grothhelms, D Juszczak, S Molloy, D Lockhart, B van Schadewijk, T Hammond, J Jordan, R AF Guaragna, M. A. Lamborn, J. Grothhelms, D. Juszczak, S. Molloy, D. Lockhart, B. van Schadewijk, T. Hammond, J. Jordan, R. TI First Report of Nerine yellow stripe virus in Amaryllis in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Guaragna, M. A.; Hammond, J.; Jordan, R.] ARS, Floral & Nursery Plant Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lamborn, J.; Grothhelms, D.; Juszczak, S.] Agdia Inc, Elkhart, IN USA. [Molloy, D.; Lockhart, B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Guaragna, MA (reprint author), ARS, Floral & Nursery Plant Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1389 EP 1389 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-12-1042-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 295EK UT WOS:000330099200052 ER PT J AU He, T Liang, SL Yu, YY Wang, DD Gao, F Liu, Q AF He, Tao Liang, Shunlin Yu, Yunyue Wang, Dongdong Gao, Feng Liu, Qiang TI Greenland surface albedo changes in July 1981-2012 from satellite observations SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE surface albedo; Greenland; satellite observation; GLASS albedo; CMIP5; IPCC AR5 ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; ICE-SHEET; MODIS; REFLECTANCE; VARIABILITY; TRENDS AB Significant melting events over Greenland have been observed over the past few decades. This study presents an analysis of surface albedo change over Greenland using a 32-year consistent satellite albedo product from the global land surface satellite (GLASS) project together with ground measurements. Results show a general decreasing trend of surface albedo from 1981 to 2012 (-0.009 +/- 0.002 decade(-1), p < 0.01). However, a large decrease has occurred since 2000 (-0.028 +/- 0.008 decade(-1), p < 0.01) with most significant decreases at elevations between 1000 and 1500 m (-0.055 decade(-1), p < 0.01) which may be associated with surface temperature increases. The surface radiative forcing from albedo changes is 2.73 W m(-2) decade(-1) and 3.06 W m(-2) decade(-1) under full-sky and clear-sky conditions, respectively, which indicates that surface albedo changes are likely to have a larger impact on the surface shortwave radiation budget than that caused by changes in the atmosphere over Greenland. A comparison made between satellite albedo products and data output from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project 5 (CMIP5) general circulation models (GCMs) shows that most of the CMIP5 models do not detect the significantly decreasing trends of albedo in recent decades. This suggests that more efforts are needed to improve our understanding and simulation of climate change at high latitudes. C1 [He, Tao; Liang, Shunlin; Wang, Dongdong] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Liang, Shunlin; Liu, Qiang] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Yu, Yunyue] NOAA NESDIS STAR, M Sq Res Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gao, Feng] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP He, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM the@umd.edu; sliang@umd.edu RI Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010; Wang, Dongdong/M-1969-2014; liang, shunlin/C-2809-2015; He, Tao/H-5130-2012 OI Wang, Dongdong/0000-0002-2076-576X; He, Tao/0000-0003-2079-7988 FU NOAA [NA09NES4400006]; Chinese 863 project [2013AA122800, 2009AA122100] FX This work was supported by the NOAA grant (NA09NES4400006) to the University of Maryland and the Chinese 863 project (2013AA122800) to Beijing Normal University. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We thank the GLASS, MERRA, CMIP5, and GC-Net teams for providing the data used in this study. The GLASS albedo product is produced by the Chinese 863 project (No. 2009AA122100) and available at http:// glass-product.bnu.edu.cn/en/ and http://glcf.umd.edu/data/abd/. We appreciate the valuable comments and suggestions from our three anonymous reviewers. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 20 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 AR 044043 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044043 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 288IJ UT WOS:000329604900050 ER PT J AU Kukavskaya, EA Buryak, LV Ivanova, GA Conard, SG Kalenskaya, OP Zhila, SV McRae, DJ AF Kukavskaya, E. A. Buryak, L. V. Ivanova, G. A. Conard, S. G. Kalenskaya, O. P. Zhila, S. V. McRae, D. J. TI Influence of logging on the effects of wildfire in Siberia SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE light conifer stands; Pinus; Larix; fire; clear-cuts; partial logging; legal and illegal logging; fuel consumption; carbon emissions; regeneration ID FOREST; COVER; MODIS; AREAS AB The Russian boreal zone supports a huge terrestrial carbon pool. Moreover, it is a tremendous reservoir of wood products concentrated mainly in Siberia. The main natural disturbance in these forests is wildfire, which modifies the carbon budget and has potentially important climate feedbacks. In addition, both legal and illegal logging increase landscape complexity and affect burning conditions and fuel consumption. We investigated 100 individual sites with different histories of logging and fire on a total of 23 study areas in three different regions of Siberia to evaluate the impacts of fire and logging on fuel loads, carbon emissions, and tree regeneration in pine and larch forests. We found large variations of fire and logging effects among regions depending on growing conditions and type of logging activity. Logged areas in the Angara region had the highest surface and ground fuel loads (up to 135 t ha(-1)), mainly due to logging debris. This resulted in high carbon emissions where fires occurred on logged sites (up to 41 tC ha(-1)). The Shushenskoe/Minusinsk and Zabaikal regions are characterized by better slash removal and a smaller amount of carbon emitted to the atmosphere during fires. Illegal logging, which is widespread in the Zabaikal region, resulted in an increase in fire hazard and higher carbon emissions than legal logging. The highest fuel loads (on average 108 t ha(-1)) and carbon emissions (18-28 tC ha(-1)) in the Zabaikal region are on repeatedly burned unlogged sites where trees fell on the ground following the first fire event. Partial logging in the Shushenskoe/Minusinsk region has insufficient impact on stand density, tree mortality, and other forest conditions to substantially increase fire hazard or affect carbon stocks. Repeated fires on logged sites resulted in insufficient tree regeneration and transformation of forest to grasslands. We conclude that negative impacts of fire and logging on air quality, the carbon cycle, and ecosystem sustainability could be decreased by better slash removal in the Angara region, removal of trees killed by fire in the Zabaikal region, and tree planting after fires in drier conditions where natural regeneration is hampered by soil overheating and grass proliferation. C1 [Kukavskaya, E. A.; Ivanova, G. A.; Zhila, S. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. [Buryak, L. V.; Kalenskaya, O. P.] Siberian State Technol Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia. [Conard, S. G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Conard, S. G.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [McRae, D. J.] Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. RP Kukavskaya, EA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, 50-28 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. EM kukavskaya@ksc.krasn.ru RI Kukavskaya, Elena/I-8155-2014 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC) Science Program; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-04-31258]; Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC) Science Program, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 12-04-31258), and the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch. The authors would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and useful suggestions. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 28 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 AR 045034 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045034 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 288IJ UT WOS:000329604900098 ER PT J AU Aguer, C Fiehn, O Seifert, EL Bezaire, V Meissen, JK Daniels, A Scott, K Renaud, JM Padilla, M Bickel, DR Dysart, M Adams, SH Harper, ME AF Aguer, Celine Fiehn, Oliver Seifert, Erin L. Bezaire, Veronic Meissen, John K. Daniels, Amanda Scott, Kyle Renaud, Jean-Marc Padilla, Marta Bickel, David R. Dysart, Michael Adams, Sean H. Harper, Mary-Ellen TI Muscle uncoupling protein 3 overexpression mimics endurance training and reduces circulating biomarkers of incomplete beta-oxidation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fatty acid oxidation; acylcarnitines; oxidative stress; exercise mimetic; mitochondria ID OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION; FATTY-ACID OXIDATION; MOUSE SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; CARNITINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; CELL-FREE; EXERCISE; MITOCHONDRIA; INCREASES AB Exercise substantially improves metabolic health, making the elicited mechanisms important targets for novel therapeutic strategies. Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein highly selectively expressed in skeletal muscle. Here we report that moderate UCP3 overexpression (roughly 3-fold) in muscles of UCP3 transgenic (UCP3 Tg) mice acts as an exercise mimetic in many ways. UCP3 overexpression increased spontaneous activity (approximate to 40%) and energy expenditure (approximate to 5-10%) and decreased oxidative stress (approximate to 15-20%), similar to exercise training in wild-type (WT) mice. The increase in complete fatty acid oxidation (FAO; approximate to 30% for WT and approximate to 70% for UCP3 Tg) and energy expenditure (approximate to 8% for WT and 15% for UCP3 Tg) in response to endurance training was higher in UCP3 Tg than in WT mice, showing an additive effect of UCP3 and endurance training on these two parameters. Moreover, increases in circulating short-chain acylcarnitines in response to acute exercise in untrained WT mice were absent with training or in UCP3 Tg mice. UCP3 overexpression had the same effect as training in decreasing long-chain acylcarnitines. Outcomes coincided with a reduction in muscle carnitine acetyltransferase activity that catalyzes the formation of acylcarnitines. Overall, results are consistent with the conclusions that circulating acylcarnitines could be used as a marker of incomplete muscle FAO and that UCP3 is a potential target for the treatment of prevalent metabolic diseases in which muscle FAO is affected.Aguer, C., Fiehn, O., Seifert, E. L., Bezaire, V., Meissen, J. K., Daniels, A., Scott, K., Renaud, J.-M., Padilla, M., Bickel, D. R., Dysart, M., Adams, S. H., Harper, M.-E. Muscle uncoupling protein 3 overexpression mimics endurance training and reduces circulating biomarkers of incomplete beta-oxidation. C1 [Aguer, Celine; Seifert, Erin L.; Daniels, Amanda; Padilla, Marta; Bickel, David R.; Dysart, Michael; Harper, Mary-Ellen] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biochem Microbiol & Immunol, Fac Med, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. [Scott, Kyle; Renaud, Jean-Marc] Univ Ottawa, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. [Padilla, Marta; Bickel, David R.; Harper, Mary-Ellen] Univ Ottawa, Ottawa Inst Syst Biol, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. [Fiehn, Oliver; Meissen, John K.] Univ Calif Davis, West Coast Metabol Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fiehn, Oliver; Meissen, John K.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Adams, Sean H.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bezaire, Veronic] Carleton Univ, Dept Chem, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. RP Harper, ME (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Dept Biochem Microbiol & Immunol, Fac Med, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. EM sean.h.adams@ars.usda.gov; mharper@uottawa.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes grant); U.S. National Institutes of Health National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant [R01DK078328-01]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Intramural Projects [5306-51530-016-00D, 5306-51530-019-00] FX The authors thank Linda Jut for muscle fiber typing, Mahmoud Salkhordeh, Jian Xuan, Jaehoon Kim, Mine Palazoglu, Massud Atta, Kristie Cloos, and Wan Tan for their excellent technical assistance, Trina Knotts (Mouse Metabolomic Phenotyping Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA) for ANCOVA analyses, and Dolors Serra (University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain) for her generous gift of anti-CrAT antibody. This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes grant to M.E.H.), U.S. National Institutes of Health National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant R01DK078328-01 (to S.H.A., M.E.H., and O.F.), and U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Intramural Projects 5306-51530-016-00D and 5306-51530-019-00 (to S.H.A.). C.A., O.F., S.H.A., and M.-E.H. conceived the experiments; CA., O.F., E.L.S., V.B., S.H.A., and M.-E.H. designed the experiments; C.A., E.L.S., V.B., J.K.M., A.D., K.S., and M.D. performed experiments; C.A., O.F., E.L.S., V.B., J.K.M., A.D., K.S., J.-M.R., M.P., D.R.B., and M.D. analyzed data; C.A. wrote the article; and V.B., E.L.S., S.H.A., and M.-E.H. edited the article. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 55 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 27 IS 10 BP 4213 EP 4225 DI 10.1096/fj.13-234302 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 290IC UT WOS:000329747100032 PM 23825224 ER PT J AU Flores, EF Weiblen, R Cargnelutti, JF Bauermann, FV Spilki, FR Mori, E Franco, AC AF Flores, Eduardo Furtado Weiblen, Rudi Cargnelutti, Juliana Felipetto Bauermann, Fernando Vicosa Spilki, Fernando Rosado Mori, Enio Franco, Ana Claudia TI Emerging animal viruses: real threats or simple bystanders? SO PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA LA English DT Article DE Emerging viruses; animal pathogens; genetic evolution ID CANINE INFLUENZA-VIRUS; CHICKEN ANEMIA VIRUS; VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; HEPATITIS-E VIRUS; FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS; STRANDED-DNA VIRUSES; HOBI-LIKE PESTIVIRUS; SCHMALLENBERG VIRUS; HUMAN GYROVIRUS; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION AB The list of animal viruses has been frequently added of new members raising permanent concerns to virologists and veterinarians. The pathogenic potential and association with disease have been clearly demonstrated for some, but not for all of these emerging viruses. This review describes recent discoveries of animal viruses and their potential relevance for veterinary practice. Dogs were considered refractory to influenza viruses until 2004, when an influenza A virus subtype H3N8 was transmitted from horses and produced severe respiratory disease in racing greyhounds in Florida/USA. The novel virus, named canine influenza virus (CIV), is considered now a separate virus lineage and has spread among urban canine population in the USA. A new pestivirus (Flaviviridae), tentatively called HoBi-like pestivirus, was identified in 2004 in commercial fetal bovine serum from Brazil. Hobi-like viruses are genetically and antigenically related to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and induce similar clinical manifestations. These novel viruses seem to be widespread in Brazilian herds and have also been detected in Southeast Asia and Europe. In 2011, a novel mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus, named Schmallenberg virus (SBV), was associated with fever, drop in milk production, abortion and newborn malformation in cattle and sheep in Germany. Subsequently, the virus disseminated over several European countries and currently represents a real treat for animal health. The origin of SBV is still a matter of debate but it may be a reassortant from previous known bunyaviruses Shamonda and Satuperi. Hepatitis E virus (HEV, family Hepeviridae) is a long known agent of human acute hepatitis and in 1997 was first identified in pigs. Current data indicates that swine HEV is spread worldwide, mainly associated with subclinical infection. Two of the four HEV genotypes are zoonotic and may be transmitted between swine and human by contaminated water and undercooked pork meat. The current distribution and impact of HEV infection in swine production are largely unknown. Avian gyrovirus type 2 (AGV2) is a newly described Gyrovirus, family Circoviridae, which was unexpectedly found in sera of poultry suspected to be infected with chicken anemia virus (CAV). AGV2 is closely related to CAV but displays sufficient genomic differences to be classified as a distinct species. AGV2 seems to be distributed in Brazil and also in other countries but its pathogenic role for chickens is still under investigation. Finally, the long time and intensive search for animal relatives of human hepatitis C virus (HCV) has led to the identification of novel hepaciviruses in dogs (canine hepacivirus [CHV]), horses (non-primate hepaciviruses [NPHV] or Theiler's disease associated virus [TDAV]) and rodents. For these, a clear and definitive association with disease is still lacking and only time and investigation will tell whether they are real disease agents or simple spectators. C1 [Flores, Eduardo Furtado; Weiblen, Rudi; Cargnelutti, Juliana Felipetto] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Centro Ciencias Rurais, Dept Vet Prevent Med, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Bauermann, Fernando Vicosa] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Spilki, Fernando Rosado] Univ Feevale, Inst Ciencias Saude, Mol Microbiol Lab, BR-93352000 Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil. [Mori, Enio] Inst Pasteur, BR-01311000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Franco, Ana Claudia] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Ciencias Basicas Saude, Virol Lab, BR-90040060 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Flores, EF (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Maria, Centro Ciencias Rurais, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Av Roraima 1000, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. EM eduardofurtadoflores@gmail.com RI Weiblen, Rudi/H-7003-2014; Spilki, Fernando/E-3736-2010; Mori, Enio/I-7545-2013; Cargnelutti, Juliana/L-5023-2015; flores, eduardo/H-5125-2016 OI Weiblen, Rudi/0000-0002-1737-9817; Spilki, Fernando/0000-0001-5804-7045; Mori, Enio/0000-0001-5228-6424; Cargnelutti, Juliana/0000-0002-3160-3643; NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 34 PU REVISTA PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA PI RIO JANEIRO PA EMBRAPA-SAUDE ANIMAL, KM47 SEROPEDICA, 23851-970 RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SN 0100-736X EI 1678-5150 J9 PESQUI VET BRASIL JI Pesqui. Vet. Bras. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 33 IS 10 BP 1161 EP 1173 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 286UP UT WOS:000329494600001 ER PT J AU Elliott, TR Hudspith, BN Wu, GH Cooley, M Parkes, G Quinones, B Randall, L Mandrell, RE Fagerquist, CK Brostoff, J Rayment, NB Boussioutas, A Petrovska, L Sanderson, JD AF Elliott, Timothy R. Hudspith, Barry N. Wu, Guanghui Cooley, Michael Parkes, Gareth Quinones, Beatriz Randall, Luke Mandrell, Robert E. Fagerquist, Clifton K. Brostoff, Jonathan Rayment, Neil B. Boussioutas, Alex Petrovska, Liljana Sanderson, Jeremy D. TI Quantification and Characterization of Mucosa-Associated and Intracellular Escherichia coli in Inflammatory Bowel Disease SO INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Crohn's disease; ulcerative colitis; Escherichia coli; adherent-invasive E. coli ID CROHNS-DISEASE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; HIGH PREVALENCE; BACTERIAL-DNA; ILEAL MUCOSA; MICROBIOTA; ADHERENT; MACROPHAGES; SECRETION AB Background: Mucosa-associated Escherichia coli are abundant in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but whether these bacteria gain intracellular access within the mucosa is uncertain. If E. coli does gain intracellular access, the contribution of bacterial pathogenicity to this requires further elucidation. This study aimed to quantify and characterize mucosa-associated and intracellular E. coli in patients with IBD and in healthy control subjects (HC). Methods: Mucosal biopsies from 30 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 15 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 14 HC were cultured with or without gentamicin protection to recover intracellular or mucosa-associated E. coli, respectively. Overall, 40 strains (CD: n = 24, UC: n = 9, and HC: n = 7) were characterized by phylogenetic typing, adhesion and invasion assays, detection of virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance genes, and proteomic analysis. Results: Mucosa-associated E. coli were more abundant in CD and UC than in HC (2750 versus 1350 versus 230 median colony-forming units per biopsy; P = 0.01). Intracellular E. coli were more prevalent in CD (90%) than in UC (47%) or HC mucosal biopsies (0%) (P < 0.001). Of 24 CD strains, 2 were adherent and invasive, but there were no unifying pathogenicity determinants that could distinguish most CD strains from UC or HC strains, or intracellular isolates from mucosa-associated isolates. Conclusions: Intracellular E. coli are more common in CD than in UC and not identified in HC. Most intracellular E. coli did not have characterizing pathogenic features, suggesting a significant role for defects in mucosal immunity or barrier dysfunction in their ability to gain intracellular access. C1 [Elliott, Timothy R.; Hudspith, Barry N.; Parkes, Gareth; Brostoff, Jonathan; Rayment, Neil B.; Sanderson, Jeremy D.] Kings Coll London, Diabet & Nutr Sci Div, London SE1 9NH, England. [Elliott, Timothy R.; Parkes, Gareth; Sanderson, Jeremy D.] Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Gastroenterol, St Thomas Hosp, London, England. [Elliott, Timothy R.; Boussioutas, Alex] Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Wu, Guanghui; Randall, Luke; Petrovska, Liljana] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Surrey, England. [Cooley, Michael; Quinones, Beatriz; Mandrell, Robert E.; Fagerquist, Clifton K.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RP Sanderson, JD (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Diabet & Nutr Sci Div, Franklin Wilkins Bldg,150 Stamford St, London SE1 9NH, England. EM jeremy.sanderson@kcl.ac.uk RI Randall, Luke/C-7102-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Wu, Guanghui/A-3757-2016; Petrovska, Liljana/D-7319-2011; OI Wu, Guanghui/0000-0002-9374-3190; Boussioutas, Alex/0000-0002-8109-6897 FU Crohn's and Colitis UK; Foundation for Allergy Information and Research, United Kingdom FX The authors thank both Crohn's and Colitis UK and the Foundation for Allergy Information and Research, United Kingdom, for providing grant funding that supported this research. They also thank Dr Barry Campbell, University of Liverpool, who provided the healthy control subject E. coli strains and Professor Darfeuille-Michaud, Clermont Universite, France, who provided the prototype CD adherent-invasive E. coli strain LF82. NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-0998 EI 1536-4844 J9 INFLAMM BOWEL DIS JI Inflamm. Bowel Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 19 IS 11 BP 2326 EP 2338 DI 10.1097/MIB.0b013e3182a38a92 PG 13 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 284XE UT WOS:000329354500008 PM 23989750 ER PT J AU Onwulata, CI AF Onwulata, Charles I. TI MICROENCAPSULATION AND FUNCTIONAL BIOACTIVE FOODS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ENCAPSULATED PROBIOTIC BACTERIA; IN-VITRO; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; COMPLEX COACERVATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; DIETARY PATTERNS; DELIVERY-SYSTEMS; BREAST-CANCER; FLAVOR ENCAPSULATION AB In their active forms, the organic structures become the packaging units and carriers of nutrients intended for targeted delivery by nature, providing protection for the encapsulated active materials. This packaging and delivery role is mimicked in the microencapsulation process. One complex problem juxtaposes encapsulation effectiveness against accessibility and bioavailability of the entrapped nutrients; the others include providing nutrients that improve health and well-being instead of drugs, and the daily use of the whole foods including the active components only to prevent future health problems. Presently, new foods and functions are being delivered through new technologies such as functional hydrogels, nanoemulsions and nanoparticles. Future foods such as nutraceuticals and pharmafoods may be delivered in forms that control the amounts of bioactives released at targeted organs. Nutrients may be delivered through foods tailored to individual genetic makeup (nutrigenomics), for an individual's metabolic needs, related to a specific element, metabolomics. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSMicroencapsulation mimics nature by packaging active components within structures that provide protection and delivers nutrients at appropriate sites. As such, it provides a benefit to bioactive functional food components by limiting the adverse food processing environment, which can be deleterious at times, such as the presence of water and oxygen. By controlling the structure matrix, the release time and dosage of bioactive contents are controlled for intentional site-time delivery. This knowledge is leading the way bioactive components will be delivered for personal and body function and health-enhancing benefits through functional foods. C1 ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Ctr Excellence Extrus & Polymer Rheol, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Onwulata, CI (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Ctr Excellence Extrus & Polymer Rheol, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. EM Charles.Onwulata@ars.usda.gov NR 208 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 11 U2 68 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 37 IS 5 BP 510 EP 532 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2012.00680.x PG 23 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 283ZR UT WOS:000329286100017 ER PT J AU Sutivisedsak, N Singh, M Liu, S Hall, C Biswas, A AF Sutivisedsak, N. Singh, M. Liu, S. Hall, C. Biswas, A. TI EXTRUDABILITY OF FOUR COMMON BEANS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID HIGH STARCH FRACTIONS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE EXTRUSION; SHORT-TIME EXTRUSION; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; DRY BEANS; NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES; CORN GRITS; COOKING; PROTEIN; FLOUR AB Extrusion method has been used to cook different food materials by employing the combination of high temperature, pressure and shearing stresses. Effects of extrusion cooking on functional, physicochemical and nutritional properties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) have been reported for years. However, relatively few investigations have been done on whole seed extrudates of common beans. Extruded products of four whole common beans including dark red kidney, black, pinto and great northern beans were evaluated for water absorption, water solubility, color on lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*). A significant reduction in oil absorption capacity was observed in all extruded beans. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSCommon beans (P.vulgaris L.) are excellent raw materials for food. They are good sources of proteins, fiber, minerals and carbohydrates. In addition, they are low in fat and have a lot of health benefits. This work aimed to extend the uses of beans through extrusion technology and detailed characterization of the extruded products. More specifically, the objective of this study was to determine the physicochemical and functional properties of extruded product of four defatted-whole common beans as affected by variables including extrusion temperature, feed moisture and screw speed. At a fundamental level, the results of this study help to build a knowledge base for extrusion technology as applied to beans. At a practical level, someone who contemplates making commercial products from extruded beans may find the data useful in process design and product optimization. C1 [Sutivisedsak, N.; Singh, M.; Liu, S.; Biswas, A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Hall, C.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Cereal & Food Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Biswas, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM atanu.biswas@ars.usda.gov OI Hall, Clifford/0000-0003-4924-3890 FU Northarvest Bean Growers Association FX The study was supported by a grant from Northarvest Bean Growers Association. The authors would like to thank Kathy Hornback and Jeanette Little for their technical assistance during the study. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 37 IS 5 BP 676 EP 683 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2012.00692.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 283ZR UT WOS:000329286100035 ER PT J AU Tian, HP Pan, ZL Zhu, Y McHugh, TH Ying, YB AF Tian, Hongping Pan, Zhongli Zhu, Yi McHugh, Tara H. Ying, Yibin TI QUALITY OF FROZEN FRUIT BARS MANUFACTURED THROUGH INFRARED PARTIAL DEHYDRATION SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; APPLE SLICES; VITAMIN-C; VEGETABLES; CONSUMPTION; NUTRITION; ENERGY; DIET; EAT AB In this study, frozen restructured whole apple and strawberry bars were manufactured by partial dehydration, using infrared (IR) heating, followed by restructuring and freezing. The objective of this investigation was to determine the effect of IR partial dehydration on the quality of restructured frozen apple and strawberry bars. Apples and strawberries were cut into 6-mm-thick slices before being dried at 50C to various moisture levels: from 89.0 to 75.3% for apples and from 92.7 to 75.3% (wet basis) for strawberries. IR drying reduced the moisture in the fruits quickly and caused partial degradation of total phenolic and vitamin C. However, the concentration of total phenolic and vitamin C significantly increased in the finished fruit bars due to the moisture removal. Both frozen apple and strawberry bars had desirable appearance and hardness when their water activities were below 0.97. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis research demonstrated a new processing method for manufacturing healthful frozen fruit bars by using infrared partial dehydration of sliced fruit slices, followed by restructuring and freezing. C1 [Tian, Hongping; Ying, Yibin] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Biosyst Engn & Food Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zhu, Yi] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli; McHugh, Tara H.] USDA ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 37 IS 5 BP 784 EP 791 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2012.00720.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 283ZR UT WOS:000329286100049 ER PT J AU Inglett, GE Chen, DJ Xu, JY Lee, S AF Inglett, George E. Chen, Diejun Xu, Jingyuan Lee, Suyong TI PASTING AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF beta-GLUCAN-ENRICHED HYDROCOLLOIDS FROM OAT BRAN CONCENTRATE SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID RICH HYDROCOLLOIDS; SOLUBLE BARLEY; FLOUR; SUSPENSIONS; PRODUCTS; BEHAVIOR; TEXTURE; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; STARCH AB Pasting and rheological properties of four oat hydrocolloids with different contents of -glucan (Nutrim10, C-Trim20, C-Trim30 and C-Trim50) were characterized and compared with oat bran concentrate (OBC) and -glucan 95%. C-Trim30 and C-Trim50 had significantly higher water-holding capacities compared with the other samples. Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA; Perten Scientific, Springfield, IL) results showed that the highest pasting parameters were found for -glucan 95% and C-Trim50 followed by C-Trim30, C-Trim20, Nutrim10 and OBC. All products exhibited frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties and shear-thinning behaviors. Both the linear and nonlinear studies were found to be related to -glucan contents with exclusion of OBC. The viscosity was lower for OBC by RVA analysis but showed higher viscoelastic property because OBC was not processed with hydrothermal shearing. These results may contribute to the use of OBC and oat bran hydrocolloids for healthy functional foods. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe properties of these functional hydrocolloids could be valuable for developing new functional foods. C-Trim50 and C-Trim30 have pasting qualities that could be very useful for products such as yogurt, instant puddings, custard, batter smoothies and ice cream. The properties of C-Trim 20, Nutrim10 and OBC appear to be more suitable for food products such as baking products. OBC and the oat bran hydrocolloids all appear to have great potential in functional foods for health-concerned consumers. C1 [Inglett, George E.; Chen, Diejun] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Xu, Jingyuan] ARS, Plant Polymer Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Inglett, George E.; Lee, Suyong] Sejong Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Inglett, George E.; Lee, Suyong] Sejong Univ, Carbohydrate Bioprod Res Ctr, Seoul 143747, South Korea. RP Inglett, GE (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM george.inglett@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 37 IS 5 BP 792 EP 798 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2012.00690.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 283ZR UT WOS:000329286100050 ER PT J AU Umiker, NL Descenzo, RA Lee, J Edwards, CG AF Umiker, N. L. Descenzo, R. A. Lee, J. Edwards, C. G. TI REMOVAL OF BRETTANOMYCES BRUXELLENSIS FROM RED WINE USING MEMBRANE FILTRATION SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID SULFUR-DIOXIDE; QUALITY; MICROORGANISMS; STORAGE; STATE; ULTRAFILTRATION; CULTURABILITY; RESISTANCE; SURVIVAL; BACTERIA AB While sulfites help limit growth of the spoilage yeast, Brettanomyces, SO2 has been reported to decrease cell size, thereby potentially decreasing the porosities of filtration membranes required for removal. Brettanomycesbruxellensis strains B1b and F3 were inoculated into red wines and after 12 days, half of the wines received approximate to 0.5mg/L molecular SO2 prior to filtration on day 20. Strain B1b was retained by filtration through 1.2 mu m membranes from wines with or without SO2. In contrast, two of three filtration replicates of wines inoculated with F3 exhibited growth approximately 40-50 days after filtration through the same porosity. However, this strain was removed from wines using 0.8 mu m membranes. Results indicate that Brettanomyces may enter a viable-but-not-culturable physiological state upon exposure to SO2. While culturability and morphology of B.bruxellensis was affected by SO2 exposure, this factor did not impact removal of this yeast by membrane filtration. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSCells of B.bruxellensis have been observed to decrease in size upon exposure to sulfites (SO2), thereby possibly affecting filtration recommendations for its removal from red wines. Though culturability on plate count agar and microscopic morphology was influenced by SO2, use of membrane filters with porosities 0.8 mu m removed the spoilage yeast from red wines. In those situations where a larger membrane porosity is desired, additional SO2 must be added to curtail potential spoilage by cells of Brettanomyces that pass through the filtration medium. C1 [Umiker, N. L.; Edwards, C. G.] Washington State Univ, Sch Food Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Descenzo, R. A.] ETS Labs, St Helena, CA USA. [Lee, J.] ARS, USDA, HCRL, Parma, ID USA. RP Edwards, CG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Food Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM edwardsc@wsu.edu RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU Agricultural Research Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA [0846]; Washington Wine Commission; Pall Corporation (Port Washington, NY); ETS Laboratories (St. Helena, CA) FX The authors sincerely thank the Washington Wine Commission, Pall Corporation (Port Washington, NY) and ETS Laboratories (St. Helena, CA) for support of this research. This research is part of Project No. 0846 of the Agricultural Research Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6376. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 37 IS 5 BP 799 EP 805 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2012.00702.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 283ZR UT WOS:000329286100051 ER PT J AU Pu, G Hauge, DA Gu, C Zhang, JL Severtson, SJ Wang, WJ Houtman, CJ AF Pu, Gang Hauge, Drew A. Gu, Cheng Zhang, Jilin Severtson, Steven J. Wang, Wenjun Houtman, Carl J. TI Influence of Acrylated Lactide-Caprolactone Macromonomers on the Performance of High Biomass Content Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives SO MACROMOLECULAR REACTION ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biomass; lactide; macromonomers; pressure-sensitive adhesive; sustainable ID POLY(LACTIC ACID); POLYMERIZATION; COPOLYMERS AB Results from a study of the influence of macromonomer (MM) composition on the properties of high-biomass content adhesive polymers are reported. Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are synthesized through miniemulsion polymerization of n-butyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, and methacrylic acid with lactide-containing MMs. The MMs are generated from bulk ring-opening polymerizations of lactide and E-caprolactone with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Both meso-lactide and L-lactide were used to produce MMs of various chain lengths and compositions. It was found that properties of generated polymers show a strong dependency both on the content and type of lactide utilized. Standard adhesive tests run on the PSAs demonstrate that MM composition can be used to provide significant control over perfromance properties. C1 [Pu, Gang; Hauge, Drew A.; Gu, Cheng; Zhang, Jilin; Severtson, Steven J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, Kaufert Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wang, Wenjun] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Polymerizat & Polymer Engn, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Houtman, Carl J.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Severtson, SJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, Kaufert Lab, 2004 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM sever018@umn.edu FU United States Postal Service, Stamp Acquisition and Distribution; Chinese State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at Zhejiang University [SKL-ChE-12D05] FX This project was funded in part by a grant from the United States Postal Service, Stamp Acquisition and Distribution and by the Chinese State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at Zhejiang University (SKL-ChE-12D05). The authors thank Dr. Manuel Natal of NatureWorks for his helpful suggestions regarding the selection of lactide samples and their characterization. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 21 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-832X EI 1862-8338 J9 MACROMOL REACT ENG JI Macromol. React. Eng. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 7 IS 10 SI SI BP 515 EP 526 DI 10.1002/mren.201300160 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 284AX UT WOS:000329289500005 ER PT J AU Parsons, EP Popopvsky, S Lohrey, GT Alkalai-Tuvia, S Perzelan, Y Bosland, P Bebeli, PJ Paran, I Fallik, E Jenks, MA AF Parsons, Eugene P. Popopvsky, Sigal Lohrey, Gregory T. Alkalai-Tuvia, Sharon Perzelan, Yaacov Bosland, Paul Bebeli, Penelope J. Paran, Ilan Fallik, Elazar Jenks, Matthew A. TI Fruit cuticle lipid composition and water loss in a diverse collection of pepper (Capsicum) SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID TRANSPIRATION BARRIER PROPERTIES; TOMATO FRUIT; PLANT CUTICLES; CUTICULAR TRANSPIRATION; SURFACE WAX; ARABIDOPSIS; COMPONENTS; EPIDERMIS; IDENTIFICATION; DOMESTICATION AB Pepper (Capsicum spp.) fruits are covered by a relatively thick coating of cuticle that limits fruit water loss, a trait previously associated with maintenance of postharvest fruit quality during commercial marketing. To shed light on the chemical-compositional diversity of cuticles in pepper, the fruit cuticles from 50 diverse pepper genotypes from a world collection were screened for both wax and cutin monomer amount and composition. These same genotypes were also screened for fruit water loss rate and this was tested for associations with cuticle composition. Our results revealed an unexpectedly large amount of variation for the fruit cuticle lipids, with a more than 14-fold range for total wax amounts and a more than 16-fold range for cutin monomer amounts between the most extreme accessions. Within the major wax constituents fatty acids varied from 1 to 46%, primary alcohols from 2 to 19%, n-alkanes from 13 to 74% and triterpenoids and sterols from 10 to 77%. Within the cutin monomers, total hexadecanoic acids ranged from 54 to 87%, total octadecanoic acids ranged from 10 to 38% and coumaric acids ranged from 0.2 to 8% of the total. We also observed considerable differences in water loss among the accessions, and unique correlations between water loss and cuticle constituents. The resources described here will be valuable for future studies of the physiological function of fruit cuticle, for the identification of genes and QTLs associated with fruit cuticle synthesis in pepper fruit, and as a starting point for breeding improved fruit quality in pepper. C1 [Parsons, Eugene P.; Lohrey, Gregory T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Popopvsky, Sigal; Alkalai-Tuvia, Sharon; Perzelan, Yaacov; Fallik, Elazar] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Popopvsky, Sigal; Paran, Ilan] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Vegetable Res, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Bosland, Paul] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Bebeli, Penelope J.] Agr Univ Athens, Dept Plant Breeding & Biometry, GR-11855 Athens, Greece. [Jenks, Matthew A.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Jenks, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM matt.jenks@ars.usda.gov FU United States-Israel Bi-national Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) [IS-4179-08-R] FX This research was funded by United States-Israel Bi-national Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD), number IS-4179-08-R. NR 48 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-9317 EI 1399-3054 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 149 IS 2 BP 160 EP 174 DI 10.1111/ppl.12035 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 286MI UT WOS:000329473000002 PM 23496056 ER PT J AU Bunce, JA AF Bunce, James A. TI Effects of pulses of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in wheat and rice SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ENRICHMENT; FACE; EXCHANGE; SYSTEM; PATCHINESS; FOREST; LEAVES AB Systems for exposing plants to elevated concentrations of CO2 may expose plants to pulses of CO2 concentrations considerably above the control set point. The importance of such pulses to plant function is unknown. Single leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv Choptank) and rice (Oryza sativa cv Akitakomachi) were exposed for 30 minutes to pulses of elevated CO2 similar to the frequency, duration and magnitude of pulses observed in free-air CO2 enrichment systems. Stomatal conductance decreased within a few minutes of exposure to once per minute pulses of high CO2 of all the durations tested, in both species. Both species had 20-35% lower stomatal conductance for at least 30 min after the termination of the pulses. After the pulses had stopped, in all cases photosynthesis was below the values expected for the observed substomatal CO2 concentration, which suggests that either patchy stomatal closure occurred or that photosynthesis was directly inhibited. It was also found that a single, 2 s pulse of elevated CO2 concentration reaching a maximum of 1000 mu mol mol(-1) decreased stomatal conductance in both species. On the basis of these results, it is probable that plants in many CO2 enrichment systems have lower photosynthesis and stomatal conductance than would plants exposed to the same mean CO2 concentration but without pulses of higher concentration. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bunce, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM james.bunce@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-9317 EI 1399-3054 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 149 IS 2 BP 214 EP 221 DI 10.1111/ppl.12026 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 286MI UT WOS:000329473000006 PM 23368841 ER PT J AU Culbert, PD Radeloff, VC Flather, CH Kellndorfer, JM Rittenhouse, CD Pidgeon, AM AF Culbert, Patrick D. Radeloff, Volker C. Flather, Curtis H. Kellndorfer, Josef M. Rittenhouse, Chadwick D. Pidgeon, Anna M. TI THE INFLUENCE OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL HABITAT STRUCTURE ON NATIONWIDE PATTERNS OF AVIAN BIODIVERSITY SO AUK LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; biomass; Breeding Bird Survey; canopy height; NBCD; NLCD; structure ID BIRD SPECIES RICHNESS; VEGETATION STRUCTURE; FOREST STRUCTURE; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE; LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; CANOPY STRUCTURE; UNITED-STATES; DIVERSITY; ENERGY AB With limited resources for habitat conservation, the accurate identification of high-value avian habitat is crucial. Habitat structure affects avian biodiversity but is difficult to quantify over broad extents. Our goal was to identify which measures of vertical and horizontal habitat structure are most strongly related to patterns of avian biodiversity across the conterminous United States and to determine whether new measures of vertical structure are complementary to existing, primarily horizontal, measures. For 2,546 North American Breeding Bird Survey routes across the conterminous United States, we calculated canopy height and biomass from the National Biomass and Carbon Dataset (NBCD) as measures of vertical habitat structure and used land-cover composition and configuration metrics from the 2001 National Land Cover Database (NLCD) as measures of horizontal habitat structure. Avian species richness was calculated for each route for all birds and three habitat guilds. Avian species richness was significantly related to measures derived from both the NBCD and NLCD. The combination of horizontal and vertical habitat structure measures was most powerful, yielding high R-2 values for nationwide models of forest (0.70) and grassland (0.48) bird species richness. New measures of vertical structure proved complementary to measures of horizontal structure. These data allow the efficient quantification of habitat structure over broad scales, thus informing better land management and bird conservation. C1 [Culbert, Patrick D.; Radeloff, Volker C.; Pidgeon, Anna M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kellndorfer, Josef M.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Rittenhouse, Chadwick D.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Culbert, PD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM pdculbert@wisc.edu RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016; Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X; Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU NASA Biodiversity Program; NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program; NASA Earth Systems Science Fellowship; U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX Supplemental material for this article is available at dx.doi.org/10.1525/auk.2013.13007. We gratefully acknowledge support by the NASA Biodiversity Program, NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program, a NASA Earth Systems Science Fellowship to P. Culbert, and the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. We also thank the numerous volunteer observers that participate in the BBS-without their skill and dedication, analyses such as ours would not be possible. We thank C. M. Handel, A. Hurlbert, and an anonymous reviewer, all of whom made insightful and very helpful comments and suggestions that greatly strengthened the manuscript. NR 68 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 49 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD OCT PY 2013 VL 130 IS 4 BP 656 EP 665 DI 10.1525/auk.2013.13007 PG 10 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 274EM UT WOS:000328588800010 ER PT J AU Cox, WA Thompson, FR Reidy, JL AF Cox, W. Andrew Thompson, F. R., III Reidy, J. L. TI THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON NEST PREDATION BY MAMMALS, BIRDS, AND SNAKES SO AUK LA English DT Article DE cause-specific mortality; nest survival; passerines; temperature; weather ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; RURAL LANDSCAPES; SONGBIRD NESTS; FOREST; SURVIVAL; PERFORMANCE; SUCCESS; EVENTS; URBAN AB Understanding how weather influences survival and reproduction is an important component of forecasting how climate change will influence wildlife population viability. Nest predation is the primary source of reproductive failure for passerine birds and can change in response to temperature. However, it is unclear which predator species are responsible for such patterns because predation events are rarely observed. We investigated whether temperature influenced predator-specific rates of nest predation by analyzing data from six prior studies conducted between 1997 and 2010 in Texas, Illinois, and Missouri that used constant-surveillance video systems to identify predators at the nests of Golden-cheeked Warblers (Setophaga chrysoparia), Black-capped Vireos (Vireo atricapilla), Indigo Buntings (Passerina cyanea), and Acadian Flycatchers (Empidonax virescens). Rates of nest predation by snakes and birds increased as daily maximum temperatures increased, whereas predation by mammals was essentially invariant in response to temperature. The relative roles of physiological versus community-level mechanisms (e.g., abundance or behavior of predators and/or alternative prey) in driving the patterns we observed remain unclear, but our data point to the need to consider important biological interactions when forecasting the effects of climate change on songbird populations. C1 [Cox, W. Andrew; Reidy, J. L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, F. R., III] Univ Missouri, USDA, Forest Serv Northern Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Cox, WA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 ABNR, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM wac253@mail.missouri.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of Missouri; Department of the Army at Fort Hood FX We thank the original principal investigators and their field technicians for their tireless efforts in the field. We thank P. Guinan of the Missouri Climate Center for his help acquiring temperature data. Funding for this study and the original studies in Missouri was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Northern Research Station, and by the University of Missouri. The Department of the Army at Fort Hood funded the original studies in Texas, and The Nature Conservancy and the City of Austin provided substantial logistical support. We thank A. Cox and A. George for reading the manuscript. H. Mathewson, J. Roper, and an anonymous reviewer also provided comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Additional support was provided by the Department of Interior's Northeast Climate Science Center, under U.S. Geological Survey funding. Data from the Midwest Regional Climate Center and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center are available at mcc.sws.uiuc.edu and www.ncdc.gov/cdo-web, respectively. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 59 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD OCT PY 2013 VL 130 IS 4 BP 784 EP 790 DI 10.1525/auk.2013.13033 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 274EM UT WOS:000328588800023 ER PT J AU Inman, RM Brock, BL Inman, KH Sartorius, SS Aber, BC Giddings, B Cain, SL Orme, ML Fredrick, JA Oakleaf, BJ Alt, KL Odell, E Chapron, G AF Inman, Robert M. Brock, Brent L. Inman, Kristine H. Sartorius, Shawn S. Aber, Bryan C. Giddings, Brian Cain, Steven L. Orme, Mark L. Fredrick, Jay A. Oakleaf, Bob J. Alt, Kurt L. Odell, Eric Chapron, Guillaume TI Developing priorities for metapopulation conservation at the landscape scale: Wolverines in the Western United States SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Metapopulation; Scale; Reintroduction; Connectivity; Carnivore; Wolverine ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; GULO-GULO; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CALIFORNIA; DISPERSAL; MONTANA; IDAHO; DISTRIBUTIONS; CONNECTIVITY; RESTORATION AB Wildlife populations are often influenced by multiple political jurisdictions. This is particularly true for wide-ranging, low-density carnivores whose populations have often contracted and remain threatened, heightening the need for geographically coordinated priorities at the landscape scale. Yet even as modern policies facilitate species recoveries, gaps in knowledge of historical distributions, population capacities, and potential for genetic exchange inhibit development of population-level conservation priorities. Wolverines are an 8-18 kg terrestrial weasel (Mustelidae) that naturally exist at low densities (similar to 5/1000 km(2)) in cold, often snow-covered areas. Wolverines were extirpated, or nearly so, from the contiguous United States by 1930. We used a resource selection function to (I) predict habitat suitable for survival, reproduction and dispersal of wolverines across the western US, (2) make a rough estimate of population capacity, and (3) develop conservation priorities at the metapopulation scale. Primary wolverine habitat (survival) existed in island-like fashion across the western US, and we estimated capacity to be 644 wolverines (95% CI= 506-1881). We estimated current population size to be approximately half of capacity. Areas we predicted suitable for male dispersal linked all patches, but some potential core areas appear to be relatively isolated for females. Reintroduction of wolverines to the Southern Rockies and Sierra-Nevadas has the potential to increase population size by >50% and these regions may be robust to climate change. The Central Linkage Region is an area of great importance for metapopulation function, thus warranting collaborative strategies for maintaining high survival rates, high reproductive rates, and dispersal capabilities. Our analysis can help identify dispersal corridors, release locations for reintroductions, and monitoring targets. The process we used can serve as an example for developing collaborative, landscape-scale, conservation priorities for data-sparse metapopulations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Inman, Robert M.; Inman, Kristine H.; Aber, Bryan C.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Ennis, MT 59729 USA. [Inman, Robert M.; Chapron, Guillaume] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Grimso Wildlife Res Stn, SE-73091 Riddarhyttan, Sweden. [Inman, Robert M.; Brock, Brent L.] Craighead Environm Inst, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Sartorius, Shawn S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Helena, MT 59601 USA. [Aber, Bryan C.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Island Pk, ID 83429 USA. [Aber, Bryan C.; Orme, Mark L.] US Forest Serv, Caribou Targhee Natl Forest, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. [Giddings, Brian; Alt, Kurt L.] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Pk, Helena, MT 59620 USA. [Cain, Steven L.] Natl Pk Serv, Moose, WY 83012 USA. [Fredrick, Jay A.] US Forest Serv, Beaverhead Deerlodge Natl Forest, Ennis, MT 59729 USA. [Oakleaf, Bob J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Lander, WY 82520 USA. [Odell, Eric] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Inman, RM (reprint author), 121 Trail Creek Rd, Ennis, MT 59729 USA. EM robert.michael.inman@gmail.com; bbrock@craigheadresearch.org; kinman@wcs.org; Shawn_Sartorius@fws.gov; baber@idfg.idaho.gov; bgiddings@mt.gov; Steve_Cain@nps.gov; ormems@gmail.com; jfrederick@fs.fed.us; bob.oakleaf@wgf.state.wy.us; altwildlife@yahoo.com; eric.odell@state.co.us; gchapron@carnivoreconservation.org OI Chapron, Guillaume/0000-0002-6727-1070 FU Beaverhead-Deerlodge and Bridger-Teton National Forests, Brainerd Foundation; Bullitt Foundation; Canyon Creek Foundation; Caribou-Targhee National Forest, Y. Chouinard, Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund; Gallatin National Forest, Grand Teton National Park, Greater Yellowstone Coordinating Committee; Idaho Department of Fish & Game, Laura Moore Cunningham Foundation; Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, National Fish & Wildlife Foundation; National Geographic Conservation Trust; New York Community Trust; Richard King Mellon Foundation; Tapeats Fund; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, Wilburforce Foundation FX We thank the following for providing funding, permits, or inkind support: Beaverhead-Deerlodge and Bridger-Teton National Forests, Brainerd Foundation, Bullitt Foundation, Canyon Creek Foundation, Caribou-Targhee National Forest, Y. Chouinard, Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, Gallatin National Forest, Grand Teton National Park, Greater Yellowstone Coordinating Committee, Idaho Department of Fish & Game, Laura Moore Cunningham Foundation, Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, National Fish & Wildlife Foundation, National Geographic Conservation Trust, New York Community Trust, Richard King Mellon Foundation, Tapeats Fund, L. Westbrook, WCS Wildlife Action-Opportunities Fund supported by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, Wilburforce Foundation, Wyoming Game & Fish Department, and private individuals. We thank T. McCue, M. Packila, R. Spence, and all who assisted in conducting the field project. We greatly appreciate the use of historical wolverine records provided by K. Aubry and C. Raley. We thank Henrik Andren, Jens Persson and several anonymous reviewers who gave valuable comments to improve the manuscript. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 95 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 166 BP 276 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.010 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 273GS UT WOS:000328523900030 ER PT J AU Gottwald, TR Wierenga, E Luo, WQ Parnell, S AF Gottwald, Tim R. Wierenga, Eric Luo, Weiqi Parnell, Stephen TI Epidemiology of Plum pox 'D' strain in Canada and the USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dynamics; eradication; Plum pox virus; retrospective analyses; risk-based survey methods; spatial spread ID BETA-BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION; TRISTEZA VIRUS INCIDENCE; PLANT-DISEASE INCIDENCE; PEACH ORCHARDS; SPATIAL HIERARCHY; NORTH-AMERICA; SPREAD; APHIDS; VECTORS; FRANCE AB The successful 10-year eradication programme for Plum pox virus (PPV) in Pennsylvania, USA was based on vigilant surveys followed by removal of all Prunus spp. within 500 m of confirmed PPV-positive trees, resulting in declaration of eradication in October 2009. In comparison, in Ontario, Canada, when PPV was first discovered in 2000, the low incidence but widely dispersed epidemic extended throughout the stone fruit industry. The Canadian programme was initially predicated on vigilant surveys plus PPV-infected tree and block removal to reduce PPV incidence, followed by increasingly stringent eradication protocols over time. However, eradication was not achieved prior to programme termination in 2011. Retrospective analyses of the Canadian epidemic indicated that the estimated PPV distribution from known sources followed a pulse-peak-decay function. The function indicated that viruliferous aphids transmitted infections most commonly at 43 m (peak) distance from prior infections, but PPV distribution also has a long (decaying) tail. A Weibull model, fitted to the proportion of new PPV-infected trees detected, demonstrated that 95% of new infections occurred within 628 m, 465 m and 317 m distances, for 1, 2 and 3-yr moving averages, respectively. Results suggest that eradication might be achievable by employing a 317-628 m cull radius distance. The discontinuation of the PPV eradication programme in Ontario will result in an increase of PPV in the region, if no spread prevention measures are implemented, and threaten the nearby New York State stone fruit industry. A risk-based survey methodology for commercial and residential stone fruits has been developed to sample Prunus orchards throughout New York that emphasizes proximity to prior PPV discoveries, and proximity to the Canadian border. C1 [Gottwald, Tim R.; Luo, Weiqi] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wierenga, Eric] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Guelph, ON N1G 4S9, Canada. [Parnell, Stephen] Rothamsted Res Ctr, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Luo, Weiqi] N Carolina State Univ, CIPM, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Gottwald, TR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM tim.gottwald@ars.usda.gov RI parnell, stephen/I-7682-2015 OI parnell, stephen/0000-0002-2625-4557 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 35 IS 4 BP 442 EP 457 DI 10.1080/07060661.2013.844733 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 267OY UT WOS:000328108400002 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JM Juvonen, R Brown, J Breidt, F AF Caldwell, Jane M. Juvonen, Riikka Brown, James Breidt, Fred TI Pectinatus sottacetonis sp nov., isolated from a commercial pickle spoilage tank SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; EMENDED DESCRIPTION; ETHIDIUM MONOAZIDE; GENUS PECTINATUS; DEAD CELLS; BACTERIA; BEER; FRISINGENSIS; FERMENTATION; MEGASPHAERA AB A strictly anaerobic, Gram-Stain-negative, non-spore-forming, motile bacterium, designated strain FSRU B0405(T), was isolated from a commercial pickle spoilage tank and characterized by biochemical, physiological and molecular biological methods. Analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain FSRU B0405(T) showed affiliation to the class Negativicutes in the phylum Firmicutes, with the closest relatives being the type strains of Pectinatus haikarae (96 %) and Pectinatus brassicae (95 %). In maximum-likelihood and neighbour-joining phylogenetic trees, strain FSRU B0405(T) clustered definitively (in 100% of bootstrapped trees) within the genus Pectinatus, but not specifically with any characterized species within this genus. Strain FSRU B0405(T) was a slightly curved rod, varying from 3 to 30 mu m in length, motile with a distinctive X-wise movement, having flagella only on the concave side of the cell. The isolate produced acetate and propionate from fructose and glucose as major metabolites similar to type strains of species of the genus Pectinatus. The major fatty acids were C-11:0, C-13:0, C-15:0, C-13:0 3-OH, C-17:1 and C-18:1 omega 11 t. Strain FSRU B0405(T) differed from the pickle wastewater strain, Pectinatus brassicae TYT, due to its lack of susceptibility to vancomycin, acetoin production, growth temperature range, acid production from adonitol, erythritol, glycerol, inositol, lactose, maltose, mannose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, trehalose and xylitol and lack of hydrolysis of milk. Strain FSRU B0405(T) could be differentiated from other species of the genus Pectinatus both phenotypically and genetically. The results indicate that strain FSRU B0405(T) represents a novel species of the genus Pectinatus, for which the name Pectinatus sottacetonis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FSRU B0405(T) (=ATCC BAA-2501(T)=VTT E-113163(T)). An emended description of the genus Pectinatus is also provided. C1 [Caldwell, Jane M.; Breidt, Fred] ARS, USDA, Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Juvonen, Riikka] VTT, VTT Biotechnol, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland. [Brown, James] NCSU Microbiol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Caldwell, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Sci Res Unit, 322 Schaub Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jane_caldwell@ncsu.edu NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 63 BP 3609 EP 3616 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.047886-0 PN 10 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 264VX UT WOS:000327910200011 PM 23606479 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP Robnett, CJ AF Kurtzman, Cletus P. Robnett, Christie J. TI Description of Ambrosiozyma oregonensis sp nov., and reassignment of Candida species of the Ambrosiozyma clade to Ambrosiozyma kashinagacola f.a., comb. nov., Ambrosiozyma Ilanquihuensis f.a., comb. nov., Ambrosiozyma maleeae f.a., comb. nov., Ambrosiozyma pseudovanderkliftii f.a., comb. nov., and Ambrosiozyma vanderkliftii f.a., comb. nov. SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASCOMYCETOUS YEASTS; SEQUENCES AB Ambrosiozyma oregonensis sp. nov. is described from two strains, one isolated from a mountain stream in Oregon, USA (NRRL Y-6106(T)=CBS 5560(T)), and a second (NRRL YB-4169) from an unknown substrate from Marion, Illinois, USA. The species forms four hat-shaped ascospores in each deliquescent ascus and appears to be homothallic. Abundant true hyphae are produced with some having apparent dolipore-like septa. Analyses of nuclear gene sequences for the D1/D2 domains of large-subunit rRNA, small-subunit rRNA, translation elongation factor-1 alpha, and subunits B1 and B2 of RNA polymerase It show the proposed novel species to be distinct from other species of the Ambrosiozyma clade. Because of their placement in the Ambrosiozyma clade, Candida kashinagacola, Candida Ilanquihuensis, Candida maleeae, Candida pseudovanderkliftii and Candida vanderkliftii are reassigned to the genus Ambrosiozyma as new combinations, and the description of the genus Ambrosiozyma is emended to reflect the resulting changes in phenotypic characters. C1 [Kurtzman, Cletus P.; Robnett, Christie J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. EM cletus.kurtzman@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 63 BP 3877 EP 3883 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.055293-0 PN 10 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 264VX UT WOS:000327910200055 PM 23938285 ER PT J AU Valiunas, D Jomantiene, R Davis, RE AF Valiunas, Deividas Jomantiene, Rasa Davis, Robert Edward TI Evaluation of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase beta-subunit gene (rpoB) for phytoplasma classification and phylogeny SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CANDIDATUS-PHYTOPLASMA; ASTER YELLOWS; FINER DIFFERENTIATION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; RFLP ANALYSIS; X-DISEASE; IDENTIFICATION; RESOLUTION; STRAINS AB Phytoplasmas are classified into 16Sr groups and subgroups and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma' species, largely or entirely based on analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Yet, distinctions among closely related Ca. Phytoplasma' species and strains based on 16S rRNA genes alone have limitations imposed by the high degree of rRNA nucleotide sequence conservation across diverse phytoplasma lineages and by the presence in a phytoplasma genome of two, sometimes sequence-heterogeneous, copies of the 16S rRNA gene. Since the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (DpRp) beta-subunit gene (rpoB) exists as a single copy in the phytoplasma genome, we explored the use of rpoB for phytoplasma classification and phylogenetic analysis. We sequenced a clover phyllody (CPh) phytoplasma genetic locus containing ribosomal protein genes, a complete rpoB gene and a partial rpoC gene encoding the beta'-subunit of DpRp. Primers and reaction conditions were designed for PCR-mediated amplification of rpoB gene fragments from diverse phytoplasmas. The rpoB gene sequences from phytoplasmas classified in groups 16Srl, 16SrII, 16SrIII, 16SrX and 16SrXII were subjected to sequence similarity and phylogenetic analyses. The rpoB gene sequences were more variable than 16S rRNA gene sequences, more clearly distinguishing among phytoplasma lineages. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences had similar topologies, and branch lengths in the rpoB tree facilitated distinctions among closely related phytoplasmas. Virtual RFLP analysis of rpoB gene sequences also improved distinctions among closely related lineages. The results indicate that the rpoB gene provides a useful additional marker for phytoplasma classification that should facilitate studies of disease aetiology and epidemiology. C1 [Valiunas, Deividas; Jomantiene, Rasa] Nat Res Ctr, Phytovirus Lab, Inst Bot, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Davis, Robert Edward] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Valiunas, D (reprint author), Nat Res Ctr, Phytovirus Lab, Inst Bot, Akad G 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. EM deividas_valiunas@yahoo.com NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 63 BP 3904 EP 3914 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.051912-0 PN 10 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 264VX UT WOS:000327910200059 PM 24097832 ER PT J AU Rinella, MJ AF Rinella, Matthew J. TI Assessing Invasiveness of Exotic Weeds outside their Current Invasive Range SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cattle; grazing; invader; invasion; invasive; population dynamics; sheep ID LEAFY SPURGE; SPOTTED KNAPWEED; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PLANT-POPULATIONS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; EUPHORBIA-ESULA; SHEEP; RECRUITMENT; GRASSLANDS AB When exotic species invade a region, it becomes important to assess their invasiveness in adjacent uninvaded regions to determine if weed prevention measures are needed. Leafy spurge and knapweed species are absent from the vast majority of eastern Montana, but the region is surrounded by regions heavily invaded by these species. To assess invasiveness of leafy spurge and Russian and spotted knapweed in common eastern Montana grassland.. sites, I introduced these species to three sites as seeds (120 live seeds plot(-1)) and seedlings (6 plot(-1)). I assessed how common grazing regimes influenced invasiveness by imposing cattle, sheep, mixed grazing (i.e., cattle plus sheep), and grazing exclusion treatments for 7 yr. Invader survival did not appear to differ greatly among sheep, cattle, and mixed grazing treatments, but excluding grazing lowered probabilities that plots maintained invaders for the entire study period at two of three sites. At these same sites, grazing exclusion increased growth rates of those invaders that did survive, at least in the case of leafy spurge. Regardless of grazing treatment or site, however, large proportions of plots did not maintain invaders through the end of the study period. At one heavy clay site, only one small leafy spurge plant persisted through the end of the study. In the seventh study year, the plots with the most leafy spurge and Russian knapweed- produced 222 and 112 stems, respectively, and the stems remained mostly confined to the 2-by 2-m plots. These findings suggest that, barring intense disturbance, leafy spurge and spotted and Russian knapweed might be incapable of invading some grasslands of eastern Montana, particularly upland sites with high clay content. Any upland sites in the region these species are capable of invading will likely be invaded only very slowly. C1 ARS, USDA, Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Rinella, MJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM matt.rinella@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 18 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 EI 1939-747X J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 BP 545 EP 553 DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-13-00033.1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 277EY UT WOS:000328803000009 ER PT J AU Wang, S Tang, J Johnson, JA Cavalieri, RP AF Wang, S. Tang, J. Johnson, J. A. Cavalieri, R. P. TI Heating uniformity and differential heating of insects in almonds associated with radio frequency energy SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Almond; Differential heating; Insect; Heating uniformity; Phytosanitary quarantine ID THERMAL-DEATH KINETICS; IN-SHELL WALNUTS; PHOSPHINE RESISTANCE; MICROWAVE TREATMENTS; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; PRODUCT QUALITY; LEPIDOPTERA; FRUITS; PESTS; DISINFESTATION AB Radio frequency (RF) treatments have potential as alternatives to chemical fumigation for phytosanitary disinfestation treatments in the dried nut industry. To develop effective RF treatment protocols for almonds, it is desirable to determine heating uniformity and the occurrence of RF differential heating of insects. This study compared heating uniformity in almonds (Nonpareil) heated by RF and by forced hot air. A mathematical model suggested a 4.7 and 6.0 degrees C RF preferential heating of the target pest navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella [Walker]) over almonds at heating rates of 5 and 10 degrees C min(-1), respectively, for the loss factor ratio of 183 at 27.12 MHz, when the heat transfer coefficient between insects and almonds was set at 500 W m(-2) degrees C-1. To validate the model, a gellan gel with dielectric properties similar to those of the target pest was used as a model insect. When almond kernels were heated at 27.12 MHz from 21 degrees C to 55 degrees C, the model insects were differentially heated about 4.6 C and 5.6 degrees C higher than the kernel temperatures at heating rates of 5 and 10 degrees C min(-1), respectively. These values corresponded to a heating rate for the model insect of 1.2 times greater than that for almond kernels. Slight preferential heating of insects in almonds using RF energy would improve the efficacy of large-scale RF treatments. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, S.] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, S.; Tang, J.; Cavalieri, R. P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Johnson, J. A.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Wang, S (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM shaojinwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009; OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004; Cavalieri, Ralph/0000-0001-7116-5126 FU USDA-CSREES [2008-34103-19091]; Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [20120204110022]; Washington State University Agricultural Research Center FX This research was supported by grants from USDA-CSREES (2008-34103-19091), Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20120204110022) and Washington State University Agricultural Research Center. We thank an undergraduate design team member, Y. Rodriguez, who assisted with part of the experiments in fulfilment of a senior design course. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 55 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2013.06.003 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 278XQ UT WOS:000328923600003 ER PT J AU Throne, JE Flinn, PW AF Throne, James E. Flinn, Paul W. TI Distribution of psocids (Psocoptera) in temperature gradients in stored wheat SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Behavior; Liposcelis bostrychophila; Liposcelis entomophila; Liposcelis paeta; Stored-product insect ID LIPOSCELIS-BOSTRYCHOPHILA PSOCOPTERA; CRYPTOLESTES-FERRUGINEUS COLEOPTERA; POPULATION-GROWTH; PRODUCT PSOCIDS; REPRODUCTION; INSECTS; SURFACE; MAIZE AB Psocids have become important pests of stored products during the last two decades, but little is known about their behavior or ecology. We examined distribution of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae), Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein), and Liposcelis paeta (Pearman), three of the main psocid pests of stored grain throughout the grain growing regions of the world, in temperature gradients of 20 degrees-24 degrees C, 20 degrees-30 degrees C, and 20 degrees-42 degrees C in small bulks of wheat to determine their ecological preferences. Psocids consistently preferred the warmest regions of the gradients, except in the 20-42 degrees C gradients. Over 80 and 78% of psocids moved to the warmest region of the grain in the 20 degrees-24 degrees and 20 degrees-30 degrees gradients, respectively. Liposcelis bostiychophila females and both sexes of L. paeta preferred the warmer region of the grain in the 20 degrees-42 degrees gradient, while densities of L entomophila males were higher in more moderate temperature regions of the grain and densities of L entomophila females were evenly split between the warm and hot regions of the grain. Temperatures can be below 20 degrees C during much of the storage season for grains, so the current results help to explain why psocids move to warmer regions of the grain which occur toward the center of the grain mass as grain temperatures cool in the fall. This may allow psocid populations to continue to grow during the colder months. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Throne, James E.; Flinn, Paul W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Throne, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM james.throne@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 55 BP 27 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2013.07.003 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 278XQ UT WOS:000328923600005 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH Fontenot, EA AF Arthur, Frank H. Fontenot, Emily A. TI Efficacy of dinotefuran (Alpine (R) spray and dust) on six species of stored product insects SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stored products; Diatomaceous earth; Surface treatments; Combination treatments; Dinotefuran ID DIATOMACEOUS-EARTH FORMULATIONS; RHYZOPERTHA-DOMINICA COLEOPTERA; TRIBOLIUM-CONFUSUM COLEOPTERA; FOOD SOURCE; MITE PESTS; CASTANEUM; WHEAT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TENEBRIONIDAE; TEMPERATURE AB Dinotefuran, an agonist of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, was evaluated both as a 0.5% active ingredient aerosol spray and a dust combined with diatomaceous earth (DE), 5 g/m(2) and 10 g/m(2), at 45% r.h. and 75% r.h. Target species were six adult stored product insect species: Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L). Tribolium confusum Jacqueline du Val, Dermestes maculatus (DeGeer), and Mezium affine Boieldieu. Adults were continually exposed for 4 d on the dusts, and assessments were done after 8 h and after 1, 2, 3, and 4 d to determine knockdown and adult survival/mortality. Mortality of T. castaneum, R. dominica, and O. surinamensis generally increased with exposure interval, and was 90% or more after three days of exposure at both dust rates and r.h. levels. Mortality of D. maculatus and T. confusum after three days ranged between 60 and 70% and 50 and 60%, respectively. Mortality of M. affine was 5% or less even after 4 days of exposure. Mortality of all species except M. affine was generally lower when exposed to the spray rather than the dust. No late stage larvae of T castaneum, T. confusum, O. surinamensis, exposed to either the spray or the dusts emerged as adults, and only 3% of exposed D. maculatus emerged as adults. Results show that dinotefuran could be incorporated into management plans for control of stored product insects. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arthur, Frank H.; Fontenot, Emily A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Fontenot, Emily A.] FAO, IAEA, Agr & Biotechnol Lab, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 55 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2013.08.001 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 278XQ UT WOS:000328923600010 ER PT J AU Throne, JE Weaver, DK AF Throne, James E. Weaver, David K. TI Impact of temperature and relative humidity on life history parameters of adult Sitotroga cerealella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Egg survivorship; Fecundity; Longevity; Stored-product insect ID ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH; CONSTANT TEMPERATURES; OLIV LEPIDOPTERA; MAIZE; CORN AB The Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a pest of stored corn, Zea mays L, and other grains throughout the world. Sitotroga cerealella are routinely exposed to temperatures below 20 degrees C in regions of the U.S. where corn is grown, yet there are no data describing adult life history parameters below 20 degrees C. We determined longevity, fecundity, and survivorship of eggs at a range of temperatures that represent environmental conditions to which S. cerealella are exposed in corn stored in the U.S. Longest male longevity was 31 d at 10 degrees C, and shortest male longevity was 4 d at 35 and 40 degrees C. Longest female longevity was 29 d at 15 degrees C, and shortest female longevity was 5 days at 35 and 40 degrees C. Duration of the preoviposition period was as long as 16 d at 10 degrees C and as short as 1 d at 30-40 degrees C. All females laid eggs at 20-30 degrees C, 50-94% of females laid eggs at 15 degrees C, and 17-61% of females laid eggs at 10, 35, or 40 degrees C. Females laid the most eggs, nearly 100, at 20 and 25 degrees C and 75% r.h., while 6 or fewer eggs were laid at 10, 35, or 40 degrees C. Between 68 and 98% of eggs hatched at 20-30 degrees C, while 20% or fewer eggs hatched at 35 degrees C and no eggs hatched at 40 degrees C. An average of less than one egg was laid at 10 degrees C, but 58-100% of eggs hatched at 10 degrees C. Our results emphasize the importance of including data on population growth of stored-grain insect pests at low temperatures in computer models for simulating insect population growth in grain. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Throne, James E.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Weaver, David K.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Throne, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM james.throne@ars.usda.gov; weaver@montana.edu NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X EI 1879-1212 J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 55 BP 128 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2013.10.003 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 278XQ UT WOS:000328923600021 ER PT J AU Kandpal, LM Lee, H Kim, MS Mo, C Cho, BK AF Kandpal, Lalit Mohan Lee, Hoonsoo Kim, Moon S. Mo, Changyeun Cho, Byoung-Kwan TI Hyperspectral Reflectance Imaging Technique for Visualization of Moisture Distribution in Cooked Chicken Breast SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE hyperspectral imaging; chicken breast; moisture content; cooking oven; PLSR ID PREDICTION; SPECTROSCOPY; MEAT AB Spectroscopy has proven to be an efficient tool for measuring the properties of meat. In this article, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) techniques are used to determine the moisture content in cooked chicken breast over the VIS/NIR (400-1,000 nm) spectral range. Moisture measurements were performed using an oven drying method. A partial least squares regression (PLSR) model was developed to extract a relationship between the HSI spectra and the moisture content. In the full wavelength range, the PLSR model possessed a maximum R(2)p of 0.90 and an SEP of 0.74%. For the NIR range, the PLSR model yielded an R(2)p of 0.94 and an SEP of 0.71%. The majority of the absorption peaks occurred around 760 and 970 nm, representing the water content in the samples. Finally, PLSR images were constructed to visualize the dehydration and water distribution within different sample regions. The high correlation coefficient and low prediction error from the PLSR analysis validates that HSI is an effective tool for visualizing the chemical properties of meat. C1 [Kandpal, Lalit Mohan; Lee, Hoonsoo; Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Kim, Moon S.] ARS, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mo, Changyeun] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Suwon 441100, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. RP Cho, BK (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Coll Agr & Life Sci, 99 Daehak Ro, Taejon 305764, South Korea. EM lalitm85@gmail.com; hoonsoolee83@gmail.com; moon.kim@ars.usda.gov; cymoh100@korea.kr; chobk@cnu.ac.kr FU LG Electronics Inc.; National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ009399] FX This study was carried out with the partial support of LG Electronics Inc. and the "Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ009399)", National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 19 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD OCT PY 2013 VL 13 IS 10 BP 13289 EP 13300 DI 10.3390/s131013289 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 274SA UT WOS:000328625300031 PM 24084119 ER PT J AU Gao, P Nearing, MA Commons, M AF Gao, Peng Nearing, Mark A. Commons, Michael TI Suspended sediment transport at the instantaneous and event time scales in semiarid watersheds of southeastern Arizona, USA SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE suspended sediment transport; event specific sediment yield; runoff depth; the proportional model ID LOESS PLATEAU; HILLY AREAS; SOUTHERN ARIZONA; DELIVERY PROBLEM; EXTREME EVENTS; EROSION RATES; SPATIAL SCALE; OVERLAND-FLOW; NEW-MEXICO; RUNOFF AB We investigated the high variability of suspended sediment transport in 16 watersheds of Walnut Gulch, southeastern Arizona, USA that were distinguished at three spatial scales: the plot (ca. 0.001-0.01 km(2)), unit-source (ca. 0.01-0.1 km(2)), and large (ca. 1-150 km(2)) scales. Event-based data of water discharge and suspended sediment concentration were compiled in variable periods between the 1960s and 2010s. By subjectively distinguishing five different intraevent transport patterns that may be ascribed to a combination of various hydrological and sediment-transport processes, we showed that no single sediment rating curve could be developed for these data. However, at the event temporal scale, event specific sediment yield (SSYe, t/km(2)) was significantly correlated to event runoff depth (h, mm) for all transport patterns of the watersheds, suggesting that the complexity of suspended sediment transport at the intraevent scale is effectively reduced at the event scale regardless of watershed sizes. Further regression analysis indicated that the SSYe-h relationship can be generally characterized by a proportional model, SSYe=nh where n, is conceptually equivalent to the volume-weighted event mean sediment concentration and is mainly determined by large events. For watersheds dominated by shrub cover, the change of the n value with watershed area was limited and thus may be reasonably regarded as a constant, implying that despite the highly variable suspended sediment concentrations during individual storm events in variable-sized watersheds, the synoptic effect of suspended sediment transport was similar and may be determined by a single value. C1 [Gao, Peng; Commons, Michael] Syracuse Univ, Dept Geog, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Nearing, Mark A.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Gao, P (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Geog, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM pegao@maxwell.syr.edu NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 10 BP 6857 EP 6870 DI 10.1002/wrcr.20549 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 258BI UT WOS:000327432500051 ER PT J AU Li, X Grey, TL Blanchett, BH Lee, RD Webster, TM Vencill, WK AF Li, Xiao Grey, Timothy L. Blanchett, Brian H. Lee, R. Dewey Webster, Theodore M. Vencill, William K. TI Tolerance Evaluation of Vegetatively Established Miscanthus X giganteus to Herbicides SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon assimilation; cellulosic biofuel crop; growth reduction; herbicide injury; invasive species; weed control ID POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES; BIOENERGY; SINENSIS; PLANTS AB Giant miscanthus is under consideration as a biofuel crop in the United States; however, there is little information on weed management for the establishment and survival of this crop. Therefore, greenhouse and field studies using ornamental pots were conducted in summer 2011 at Tifton, GA, with the objective of screening potential PPI, PRE, and POST herbicides and herbicide combinations for giant miscanthus when establishing from vegetative rhizomes. For the POST treatments, giant miscanthus was established from rhizomes in 7.6-L containers in the field and treated with 27 POST herbicides to evaluate efficacy. Thifensulfuron, metsulfuron, tribenuron, chlorimuron, halosulfuron, rimsulfuron, cloransulam, pinoxaden, bentazon, and metribuzin did not significantly lower shoot height, reduce shoot dry weight, or increase injury compared with nontreated control (NTC) when evaluated at 4 wk after treatment. Nicosulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, sulfometuron, clodinafop, fluazifop, and pyrithiobac caused the greatest injury, reduced plant height, and reduced dry weights compared with the NTC. Sethoxydim, diclofop, flumioxazin, imazamox, imazapic, and imazethapyr decreased plant heights or resulted in increased injury. PPI and PRE treatments included 21 herbicides and herbicide combinations applied at two rates. Results indicated that most treatments containing atrazine, metribuzin, pendimethalin, acetochlor, metolachlor, and mesotrione did not injure or stunt growth; however, EPTC at 4.5 kg ai ha(-1) significantly reduced height and dry weight and oxadiazon resulted in greater injury compared with NTC at both rates. These results indicate that PPI, PRE, and POST herbicides can be utilized for establishment of giant miscanthus from vegetative rhizomes. Considering the invasive potential of giant miscanthus, several POST herbicides evaluated in this study such as fluazifop, pyrithiobac, and sulfometuron may be viable options to control this species if it becomes invasive. C1 [Li, Xiao; Vencill, William K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Grey, Timothy L.; Blanchett, Brian H.; Lee, R. Dewey] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Webster, Theodore M.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Li, X (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM xlsteve@uga.edu RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009; Vencill, William/K-7748-2015 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059; Vencill, William/0000-0001-7233-4534 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 18 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 735 EP 740 DI 10.1614/WT-D-13-00050.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 275HA UT WOS:000328665700016 ER PT J AU Wang, SL Heisey, PW Huffman, WE Fuglie, KO AF Wang, Sun Ling Heisey, Paul W. Huffman, Wallace E. Fuglie, Keith O. TI PUBLIC R & D, PRIVATE R & D, AND U.S. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH: DYNAMIC AND LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIPS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Allied-Social-Science-Associations (ASSA) CY 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP Allied Social Sci Assoc C1 [Wang, Sun Ling; Heisey, Paul W.; Fuglie, Keith O.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Huffman, Wallace E.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Wang, SL (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM slwang@ers.usda.gov; pheisey@ers.usda.gov; whuffman@iastate.edu; kfuglie@ers.usda.gov NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 EI 1467-8276 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1287 EP 1293 DI 10.1093/ajae/aat032 PG 7 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 269PK UT WOS:000328253700021 ER PT J AU Jones, CA Sands, RD AF Jones, Carol A. Sands, Ronald D. TI IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GAINS ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS: A GLOBAL ANALYSIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Allied-Social-Science-Associations (ASSA) CY 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP Allied Social Sci Assoc ID LAND-USE; MITIGATION; GROWTH; CROP C1 [Jones, Carol A.; Sands, Ronald D.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20006 USA. RP Jones, CA (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20006 USA. EM cjones@ers.usda.gov; rsands@ers.usda.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9092 EI 1467-8276 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1309 EP 1316 DI 10.1093/ajae/aat035 PG 8 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 269PK UT WOS:000328253700024 ER PT J AU Webb, NP Stokes, CJ Marshall, NA AF Webb, Nicholas P. Stokes, Christopher J. Marshall, Nadine A. TI Integrating biophysical and socio-economic evaluations to improve the efficacy of adaptation assessments for agriculture SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Adaptation; Socio-ecological; Assessment; Adaptive capacity; Rangelands ID CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION; ECONOMIC-ASSESSMENT; GRAZING STRATEGIES; ADAPTIVE CAPACITY; CHANGE SCENARIOS; CHANGE IMPACTS; VULNERABILITY; MANAGEMENT; VARIABILITY; QUEENSLAND AB This paper demonstrates how biophysical and socio-economic assessments of adaptation options can be integrated to test the effectiveness of options and anticipate social risks and potential barriers to adoption. We present the approach by combining a model analysis with a multiple-criteria evaluation of 12 adaptation options by graziers from the Australian rangelands. Our results show that strategies to manage stocking rates and pasture spelling are likely to be effective in improving climate resilience in the rangelands and are easy-to-implement, short-term solutions. Improving land condition is found to have the greatest potential long-term benefits, but was not considered by the graziers to be feasible or effective due to perceived difficulties of implementation. Areas of concordance identified in the assessments may be used to engage with stakeholders and build a foundation for incorporating climate change considerations into management and policy. The approach also highlights discordant views within the assessments that may result from differing management objectives, adaptive capacity and climate-risk perception. These factors are potential impediments to adaptation. The integrated assessment approach enables adaptation strategies and policy recommendations to be developed that have greater relevance to individual stakeholders, and supports capacity building to facilitate the most effective adaptation actions. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 CSIRO Climate Adaptat Flagship, Aitkenvale, Qld 4814, Australia. CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Aitkenvale, Qld 4814, Australia. RP Webb, NP (reprint author), NMSU, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, MSC 3 JER,Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM nwebb@nmsu.edu RI marshall, nadine/D-9339-2011 OI marshall, nadine/0000-0003-4463-3558 FU Australian Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery's Climate Change Research Programme FX We are grateful to Joe Scanlan, Greg McKeon, Giselle Whish, Cam McDonald, Neil MacLeod and Steven Crimp for helpful discussions on applying the GRASP and Enterprise models to adaptation assessments, and comments on a manuscript draft. We thank Karl McKellar and Svetlana Ukolova for their assistance in organising and conducting the grazier surveys. This work was partly funded by the Australian Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery's Climate Change Research Programme. NR 82 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3780 EI 1872-9495 J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG JI Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 23 IS 5 SI SI BP 1164 EP 1177 DI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.04.007 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA 268OC UT WOS:000328179400033 ER PT J AU Gao, SD Hanson, BD Qin, RJ Cabrera, J Gerik, JS Wang, D Browne, GT AF Gao, Suduan Hanson, Bradley D. Qin, Ruijun Cabrera, Jose Gerik, James S. Wang, Dong Browne, Greg T. TI Totally impermeable film (TIF) reduces emissions in perennial crop fumigation SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; SOIL AB Many perennial nursery fields and replanted orchards and vineyards in California are treated with preplant soil fumigants to control soilborne pests. In annual crops, such as strawberry, covering fumigated fields with totally impermeable film (TIF) has shown promise in controlling emissions and improving fumigant distribution in soil. The objective of this research was to optimize the use of TIF for perennial crops via three field trials. TIF reduced peak emission flux and cumulative emissions by > 90% relative to polyethylene tarp during a 2-week covering period. After the TIF was cut, emissions were greatly reduced compared to when tarps were cut after 6 days. TIF maintained higher fumigant concentrations under tarp and in the soil than polyethylene film. The results indicate that TIF can increase fumigation efficiency for perennial crop growers. C1 [Gao, Suduan; Gerik, James S.; Wang, Dong] USDA ARS, WMRU, Parlier, CA USA. [Hanson, Bradley D.; Qin, Ruijun] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA USA. [Cabrera, Jose] Bayer CropSci, Fresno, CA USA. [Browne, Greg T.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS Pacific Area Wide Pest Management Progra, Davis, CA USA. RP Gao, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, WMRU, Parlier, CA USA. FU USDA-ARS Pacific Area-Wide Pest Management Program for Integrated Methyl Bromide Alternatives; Almond Board of California FX Funding support for this research was provided by USDA-ARS Pacific Area-Wide Pest Management Program for Integrated Methyl Bromide Alternatives and the Almond Board of California. Fumigant and fumigation service for all trials were provided by Trical, Inc. Personnel supporting this research include Robert Shenk, Allison Kenyon, Aileen Hendratna, Tom Pflaum, Jim Gartung, Stella Zambrzuski, Matt Gonzales and Patricia Mungur in the WMRU, and Carl Hawk with his field crew in USDA-ARS, Parlier. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI RICHMOND PA 1301 S 46 ST, RICHMOND, CA 94804 USA SN 0008-0845 EI 2160-8091 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 4 BP 217 EP 221 DI 10.3733/ca.v067n04p217 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 267TI UT WOS:000328120500007 ER PT J AU Hopkins, RL Roush, JC AF Hopkins, Robert L., II Roush, Jordan C. TI Effects of mountaintop mining on fish distributions in central Appalachia SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH LA English DT Article DE mining impact; Appalachian streams; landscape; spatial pattern; predictive modelling ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; HEADWATER STREAMS; WEST-VIRGINIA; FLOW REGIMES; COAL-MINE; FILL; USA; CONSEQUENCES; ECOSYSTEMS; INDICATORS AB Mountaintop mining with valley fills (MTM/VF) is the main source of landscape change in central Appalachia. While our knowledge of the local-scale effects of MTM/VF on stream chemistry and biotic assemblages has recently improved, the effects at the landscape scale are less well known. In this study, we explore the effects of MTM/VF on the distributions of six fish species with contrasting ecologies in the upper Kentucky River basin, an area heavily affected by MTM/VF. Using a museum-based data set of 239 occurrence records, land use/land cover data and boosted regression tree modelling, we were able to create robust predictive models for the focal species (AUCs=0.82-0.93). Models explained from 41.2 to 71.9% of the variation in species distributions. We detected a marked negative influence of MTM/VF in four of the six species distribution models - with relative influences ranging from 5.9-12.7%. Species typically inhabiting faster-flowing riffle and run mesohabitats appeared to respond more strongly to MTM/VF. Interestingly, the mean patch size of MTM/VF was more influential than the overall proportion of the watershed affected by MTM/VF in our models. Thus, our data suggest the spatial pattern of mining disturbance is very important in determining the cumulative impact of MTM/VF. Considering the central Appalachian region is a continental hot spot for freshwater biodiversity, establishing a firm understanding of the effects of MTM/VF at the landscape scale is essential if we wish to protect these natural resources. C1 [Hopkins, Robert L., II] Univ Rio Grande, Dept Biol, Rio Grande, OH 45670 USA. [Roush, Jordan C.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Point Pleasant, WV USA. RP Hopkins, RL (reprint author), Univ Rio Grande, Kidd Math Sci Ctr 100K, Rio Grande, OH 45670 USA. EM rhopkins@rio.edu FU University of Rio Grande Faculty Development Award FX Funding was provided by a University of Rio Grande Faculty Development Award. We thank D. Althoff and J. White for helpful assistance and comments in developing the manuscript. Finally, we extend out thanks to two anonymous reviewers whose critical and constructive comments greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-6691 EI 1600-0633 J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish PD OCT PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 578 EP 586 DI 10.1111/eff.12061 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 263CC UT WOS:000327783200008 ER PT J AU Garczynski, SF Coates, BS Unruh, TR Schaeffer, S Jiwan, D Koepke, T Dhingra, A AF Garczynski, Stephen F. Coates, Brad S. Unruh, Thomas R. Schaeffer, Scott Jiwan, Derick Koepke, Tyson Dhingra, Amit TI Application of Cydia pomonella expressed sequence tags: Identification and expression of three general odorant binding proteins in codling moth SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE codling moth; EST; odorant binding proteins ID PHEROMONE-SENSITIVE NEURONS; BOMBYX-MORI; CHEMOSENSORY PROTEINS; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION; EPIPHYAS-POSTVITTANA; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; OBP GENES; SILKWORM; ANTENNAE AB The codling moth, Cydia pomonella, is one of the most important pests of pome fruits in the world, yet the molecular genetics and the physiology of this insect remain poorly understood. A combined assembly of 8341 expressed sequence tags was generated from Roche 454 GS-FLX sequencing of eight tissue-specific cDNA libraries. Putative chemosensory proteins (12) and odorant binding proteins (OBPs) (18) were annotated, which included three putative general OBP (GOBP), one more than typically reported for other Lepidoptera. To further characterize CpomGOBPs, we cloned cDNA copies of their transcripts and determined their expression patterns in various tissues. Cloning and sequencing of the 698nt transcript for CpomGOBP1 resulted in the prediction of a 163 amino acid coding region, and subsequent RT-PCR indicated that the transcripts were mainly expressed in antennae and mouthparts. The 1289 nt (160 amino acid) CpomGOBP2 and the novel 702 nt (169 amino acid) CpomGOBP3 transcripts are mainly expressed in antennae, mouthparts, and female abdomen tips. These results indicate that next generation sequencing is useful for the identification of novel transcripts of interest, and that codling moth expresses a transcript encoding for a new member of the GOBP subfamily. C1 [Garczynski, Stephen F.; Unruh, Thomas R.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Coates, Brad S.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schaeffer, Scott; Jiwan, Derick; Koepke, Tyson; Dhingra, Amit] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Garczynski, SF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM steve.garczynski@ars.usda.gov RI Dhingra, Amit/E-7369-2010 FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission; National Research Initiative Arthropod and Nematode Biology and Management Program of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35302-18839] FX We thank Drs. Kevin Clark, Lisa Neven, and Tonja Fisher for their review of this manuscript and helpful suggestions. Laura Willett and Jennifer Stout are thanked for their technical assistance. This project is supported by grants from the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission (awarded to SFG) and National Research Initiative Arthropod and Nematode Biology and Management Program of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Grant no. 2008-35302-18839 (awarded to SFG). NR 51 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 20 IS 5 BP 559 EP 574 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01560.x PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 263HK UT WOS:000327798000001 PM 23956229 ER PT J AU Wallis, CM Wallingford, AK Chen, JC AF Wallis, Christopher M. Wallingford, Anna K. Chen, Jianchi TI Effects of cultivar, phenology, and Xylella fastidiosa infection on grapevine xylem sap and tissue phenolic content SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pierce's disease; Xylella fastidiosa; Grapevine; Phenolics; Phenology; Cultivar ID FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; RESISTANCE; RESVERATROL; DISEASE; VITIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PHYTOALEXINS; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION AB Phenolic compounds, which may provide tolerance to Pierce's disease [caused by Xylella fastidiosa (Xf)], were examined in non-infected and Xf-infected Chardonnay, Merlot, and Rubired grapevines at three different times during the growing season. Xylem sap and tissue phenolic levels were substantially affected by phenology, with greatest levels occurring in August. Merlot grapevines generally possessed greater phenolic levels than Chardonnay or Rubired, and also had greater symptoms than Rubired. Infection status affected phenolic levels little or not at all. Therefore, the potential induction of phenolics in response to Xf infection did not affect phenolic levels as much as phenology or cultivar. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wallis, Christopher M.; Wallingford, Anna K.; Chen, Jianchi] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Wallis, CM (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM christopher.wallis@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS-SJVASC, ARS Project [5302-22000-010-D] FX The authors wish to acknowledge Austin Fite, Nancy Goodell, Bryan Robles, and Greg Phillips for assistance in the execution of this research. The research was funded by an allocation made to USDA-ARS-SJVASC, ARS Project #5302-22000-010-D. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 84 BP 28 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2013.06.005 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 262WK UT WOS:000327768400005 ER PT J AU Melnick, RL Strem, MD Crozier, J Sicher, RC Bailey, BA AF Melnick, Rachel L. Strem, Mary D. Crozier, Jayne Sicher, Richard C. Bailey, Bryan A. TI Molecular and metabolic changes of cherelle wilt of cacao and its effect on Moniliophthora roreri SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Theobroma cacao; Physiological thinning; Frosty pod; Gene expression ID WITCHES-BROOM DISEASE; THEOBROMA-CACAO; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DROUGHT RESPONSE; LEAF SENESCENCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MALATE SYNTHASE; ABSCISIC-ACID; CAUSAL AGENT; RT-PCR AB Young Theobroma cacao pods, known as cherelles, are commonly lost to physiological thinning known as cherelle wilt. Cherelles are susceptible to frosty pod rot caused by Moniliophthora roreri. We studied the cherelle wilt process and its impact on M. roreri infection using microscopic, metabolite, and gene expression analyses. Wilt was associated with increased levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediaries and decreased levels of major metabolites. Expression changes of cacao ESTs in response to wilt suggest induction of the polyamine, ethylene, and jasmonic acid biosynthetic pathways and regulation of abscisic acid and cytokinin levels. M. roreriinfection caused little alteration of cherelle physiology. M. roreri responded to the late stage of wilt by altering the expression of M. roreri ESTs associated with metabolite detoxification and host tissue degradation. The environment of the wilting cherelles may truncate the disease cycle of frosty pod rot, by limiting M. roreri sporulation and stopping the lifecycle. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Melnick, Rachel L.; Strem, Mary D.; Bailey, Bryan A.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Crozier, Jayne] CATIE, CATIE Off, CABI Caribbean & Latin Amer, Turrialba 7170, Costa Rica. [Sicher, Richard C.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Melnick, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SPCL, BARC West, BLDG 001 Room 223, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rachelmelnick@gmail.com NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 84 BP 153 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2013.09.004 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 262WK UT WOS:000327768400021 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, VH Griswold, T Engel, MS AF Gonzalez, Victor H. Griswold, Terry Engel, Michael S. TI Obtaining a better taxonomic understanding of native bees: where do we start? SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PRESERVING MELIPONICULTURE; HYMENOPTERA APIDAE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; MAYAN COMMUNITIES; STINGLESS BEES; SOCIAL BEE; XUNAN KAB; 2 PARTS; MEGACHILIDAE C1 [Gonzalez, Victor H.] Southwestern Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Weatherford, OK 73096 USA. [Gonzalez, Victor H.; Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Div Entomol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Griswold, Terry] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Gonzalez, VH (reprint author), Southwestern Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 100 Campus Dr, Weatherford, OK 73096 USA. EM victorgonzab@gmail.com RI Engel, Michael/C-5461-2012; Gonzalez, Victor/B-4072-2015 OI Engel, Michael/0000-0003-3067-077X; FU Department of Biological Sciences, Southwestern Oklahoma State University; National Science Foundation [DBI-1057366] FX For constructive comments and suggestions to the ideas discussed herein we are indebted to anonymous reviewers and to Lars B. Vilhelmsen, Thomas J. Simonsen, Shaun L. Winterton, Daniel J. Bennett, Ismael A. Hinojosa-Diaz, Jonathan Koch, Rosalind James, Charles D. Michener, Amy Comfort de Gonzalez and Kellie K. Magill Engel. This study was supported in part by the Department of Biological Sciences, Southwestern Oklahoma State University (to V.H.G) and by National Science Foundation grant DBI-1057366 (to M.S.E.). This is a contribution of the Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum. NR 70 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 38 IS 4 BP 645 EP 653 DI 10.1111/syen.12029 PG 9 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA 263OG UT WOS:000327817300001 ER PT J AU Schneider, SA Giliomee, JH Dooley, JW Normark, BB AF Schneider, Scott A. Giliomee, Jan H. Dooley, John W. Normark, Benjamin B. TI Mutualism between armoured scale insects and ants: new species and observations on a unique trophobiosis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae; Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Melissotarsus Emery) SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID N-SP; HOMOPTERA; ECOLOGY; BIOLOGY AB The association between African armoured scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) and ants belonging to MelissotarsusEmery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) is the only trophobiosis known in which ants do not receive honeydew or nectar in exchange for protection and other services. Food reward for the ants in this mutualism remains unknown, despite repeated suggestions that diaspidids are consumed by the associated ants, thus serving as domestic cattle'. We describe new observations on interactions between Melissotarsus emeryiSantschi and the diaspidid Morganella conspicua (Brain) from South Africa. Worker ants exhibited previously undescribed tending behaviours, most notably a squeezing and licking' performed on an adult female diaspidid and culling', in which a worker removed an adult female armoured scale from the host plant. These could represent the gathering of secretory products and the cultivation of an individual for consumption, respectively. An ant exclusion study over 12days of isolation showed that adult female diaspidids and second-instar nymphs secreted no wax or exudates that attending ants would ordinarily collect. Workers of M. emeryi did not defend their nest against invading colonies of Crematogaster and other unidentified ants: we hypothesize that the primary mode of defence is maintenance of isolation within galleries. We describe three new ant-associated diaspidid species: Affirmaspis cederbergensisSchneider sp.n. from South Africa, Diaspis doumtsopiSchneider sp.n. from Cameroon, and Melissoaspis incolaSchneider sp.n. from Madagascar. Melissoaspis formicaria (Ben-Dov) comb.n. is transferred from Morganella (Brain). Diagnostic characteristics for MelissoaspisBen-Dov are revised, and additional taxonomic information defining this genus allows ease of identification. An updated identification key to the species of ant-associated diaspidids is provided. This published work has been registered in ZooBank, http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:632C1122-954A-4DE6-B946-8E6AB6A4D27F. C1 [Schneider, Scott A.; Normark, Benjamin B.] Univ Massachusetts, Grad Program Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Schneider, Scott A.; Normark, Benjamin B.] Univ Massachusetts, Grad Program Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Schneider, Scott A.; Normark, Benjamin B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Giliomee, Jan H.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Dooley, John W.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Schneider, SA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, 181 Presidents Dr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM scotts@psis.umass.edu FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-02310]; UMass Natural History Collections FX Funding was provided by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2009-02310) and by the UMass Natural History Collections. We appreciate the helpful reviews provided by Penny J. Gullan, Brian L. Fisher, and Yair Ben-Dov on an earlier version of this manuscript. We wish to thank the following researchers and institutions for providing specimens: D.O. Burge, Brian L. Fisher and Norman Penny (California Academy of Sciences), Kevin Cole (East London Museum), and Armand Doumtsop (University of Maroua, Cameroon). We thank Yair Ben-Dov for examining specimens and providing identifications. Thanks to Dug Miller for discovering that Affirmaspis is a senior synonym of Diclavaspis, and to Douglas Williams for his concurring opinion. S.A.S. thanks Stellenbosch University for providing access to laboratory space during his visit to South Africa. Special thanks go to Bennie and Carina Bezuidenhout for their gracious hospitality on Nardouw Farm and for their enthusiasm regarding this project. Thanks to John Martins (Mount Holyoke College) for providing assistance with figure editing. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 38 IS 4 BP 805 EP 817 DI 10.1111/syen.12033 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA 263OG UT WOS:000327817300011 ER PT J AU McAllister, S AF McAllister, S. TI Critical mass flux for flaming ignition of wet wood SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Piloted ignition; Critical mass flux; Moisture content ID PILOTED IGNITION; CRITICAL HEAT; COMBUSTIBLE SOLIDS; FLAMMABILITY; TEMPERATURE; EXTINCTION; RADIATION; PYROLYSIS; RATES AB Wood is a common building material and can constitute the bulk of the fuel load in structures. Cellulosic, woody material is also the fuel in a wildland fire. Wood and forest fuels are porous and hygroscopic so their moisture content varies with the ambient temperature and relative humidity. A complete understanding of both structural and wildland fire thus involves understanding the effect of moisture content on ignition. The ignition criterion considered in this work is critical mass flux - that a sufficient amount of pyrolysis gases must be generated for a diffusion flame to establish above the surface. An apparatus was built to measure the critical mass flux for sustained flaming ignition of woody materials for varying environmental conditions (incident heat flux and airflow (oxidizer) velocity). This paper reports the variation of measured critical mass fluxes for poplar with externally applied incident radiant heat flux, airflow velocity, and moisture content. The critical mass flux is seen to increase with increasing levels of moisture content, incident heat flux, and airflow velocity. Future work will focus on modeling these experiments and exploring the changes in critical mass flux with species, thickness, and live fuels. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Forest Serv, RMRS Missoula Fire Sci Lab, USDA, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP McAllister, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, RMRS Missoula Fire Sci Lab, USDA, 5775 W US Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM smcallister@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Decision Support Center FX This project was funded by the National Fire Decision Support Center. The authors would like to thank Jack Kautz, Randy Pryhorocki, Mike Chandler, Cyle Wold, Jim Reardon, Isaac Grenfell, and Jake Gerstenberger for their invaluable help in building the apparatus and performing the experiments. Thanks also go to Mark Finney, Jack Cohen, and the anonymous reviewers for their comments. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0379-7112 EI 1873-7226 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 61 BP 200 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.flresaf.2013.09.002 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 257EF UT WOS:000327365700021 ER PT J AU Junjittakarn, J Pimratch, S Jogloy, S Htoon, W Singkham, N Vorasoot, N Toomsan, B Holbrook, CC Patanothai, A AF Junjittakarn, J. Pimratch, S. Jogloy, S. Htoon, W. Singkham, N. Vorasoot, N. Toomsan, B. Holbrook, C. C. Patanothai, A. TI Nutrient uptake of peanut genotypes under different water regimes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Harvest index; Relationship; Nitrogen uptake; Water stress ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; DROUGHT STRESS; NORTHEAST THAILAND; NITROGEN-FIXATION; N-2 FIXATION; GROUNDNUT; EFFICIENCY; GROWTH; YIELD; TRANSPIRATION AB Drought is a serious environmental stress limiting growth and productivity in peanut and other crops. Nutrient uptake of peanut is reduced under drought condition, which reduces yield. The objectives of this study were to investigate nutrient uptake of peanut genotypes in response to drought and to estimate the relationship between nutrient uptake and peanut yield under different water regimes. Pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the dry season 2002/03 and the rainy season 2003. Three soil moisture levels [field capacity (FC), 2/3 available soil water (2/3 AW) and 1/3 available soil water (1/3 AW)] were assigned as factor A and 11 peanut genotypes as factor B. Total nutrient uptake was determined at harvest. Season x water regime interactions and differences in seasons, water regimes and genotypes were significant for all nutrient uptakes. The interactions between season and genotype were significant for N and K uptakes. The nutrient uptakes of peanut plants grown under FC were higher than those plants grown under water stress treatments. Tifton 8 was the highest genotype for all nutrient uptakes in both dry and rainy seasons, while ICGV 98303 and KK 60-3 had high nutrient uptake under water stress condition. The nutrient uptake of peanut in the rainy season was higher than the dry season. The relationships between nutrient uptake parameters, biomass and pod dry weight were positive and significant in both seasons. This information is important for peanut breeder interested in developing peanut lines with reasonably high nutrient uptake under drought condition. C1 [Junjittakarn, J.; Jogloy, S.; Htoon, W.; Singkham, N.; Vorasoot, N.; Toomsan, B.; Patanothai, A.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Pimratch, S.] Rajabhat Maha Sarakham Univ, Fac Agr Technol, Program Agr, Maha Sarakham 4400, Thailand. [Holbrook, C. C.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM sanun@kku.ac.th FU Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission, through the Food and Functional Food Research Cluster of Khon Kaen University; Thailand Research Fund; Commission of Higher Education; Khon Kaen University FX This work was supported by the Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission, through the Food and Functional Food Research Cluster of Khon Kaen University. Assistance was also received from the Thailand Research Fund, the Commission of Higher Education and Khon Kaen University for providing financial supports through the Distinguished Research Professor Grant of Professor Dr Aran Patanothai, the Peanut and Jerusalem Artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group and the Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 9 PU GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES PI GORGAN PA GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES, JOURNAL OFFICE, VICE-PRESIDENCY RESEARCH, GORGAN, 49138-15739, IRAN SN 1735-6814 EI 1735-8043 J9 INT J PLANT PROD JI Int. J. Plant Prod. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 677 EP 692 PG 16 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 257JP UT WOS:000327379900004 ER PT J AU Ely, MR Kenefick, RW Cheuvront, SN Chinevere, T Lacher, CP Lukaski, HC Montain, SJ AF Ely, Matthew R. Kenefick, Robert W. Cheuvront, Samuel N. Chinevere, Troy Lacher, Craig P. Lukaski, Henry C. Montain, Scott J. TI The Effect of Heat Acclimation on Sweat Microminerals: Artifact of Surface Contamination SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE calcium; copper; iron; magnesium; zinc ID TRACE-ELEMENTS; EXERCISE; IRON; ZINC; RESPONSES; EXCRETION; LOSSES; STRESS; METALS; HUMANS AB Heat acclimation (HA) reportedly conveys conservation in sweat micromineral concentrations when sampled from arm sweat, but time course is unknown. The observation that comprehensive cleaning of the skin surface negates sweat micromineral reductions during prolonged sweating raises the question of whether the reported HA effect is real or artifact of surface contamination. Purpose: To measure sweat mineral concentrations serially during HA and determine if surface contamination plays a role in the reported mineral reductions. Methods: Calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn) were measured in sweat obtained from 17 male volunteers using an arm bag on Day 1, 5, and 10 of a HA protocol. To study the role of contamination, sweat was simultaneously (n = 10 subjects) sampled twice daily from a cleaned site (WASH) and unclean site (NO WASH) on the scapular surface. Results: Sweat Ca, Cu, and Mg from Arm Bag trended progressively downward from Day 1 to Day 10 of HA (p = .10-0.25). Micromineral concentrations from the WASH site did not change between Day 1, 5, or 10 (Ca = 0.30 +/- 0.12 mmol/L, Cu 0.41 +/- 0.53 mu mol/L; Zn 1.11 +/- 0.80 mu mol/L). Surface contamination can confound sweat mineral estimates, as sweat Ca and Cu from NO WASH site were initially higher than WASH (p < .05) but became similar to WASH when sampled serially. Conclusion: Heat acclimation does not confer reductions in sweat Ca, Cu, Mg, or Zn. When the skin surface is not cleaned, mineral residue inflates initial sweat mineral concentrations. Earlier reports of micromineral reductions during HA may have been confounded by interday cleaning variability. C1 [Ely, Matthew R.; Kenefick, Robert W.; Cheuvront, Samuel N.; Montain, Scott J.] US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA USA. [Chinevere, Troy] David Grant Med Ctr, Travis AFB, CA USA. [Lacher, Craig P.; Lukaski, Henry C.] ARS, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. RP Ely, MR (reprint author), US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1526-484X EI 1543-2742 J9 INT J SPORT NUTR EXE JI Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 23 IS 5 BP 470 EP 479 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences GA 256BR UT WOS:000327285200006 PM 23535853 ER PT J AU Merrill, SD Liebig, MA Tanaka, DL Krupinsky, JM Hanson, JD AF Merrill, Stephen D. Liebig, Mark A. Tanaka, Donald L. Krupinsky, Joseph M. Hanson, Jonathan D. TI Comparison of soil quality and. productivity at two sites differing in profile structure and topsoil properties SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil quality; Crop sequence experiment; Soil Management Assessment Framework; Soil profile characteristics ID DYNAMIC CROPPING SYSTEMS; NORTH-DAKOTA; MANAGEMENT; IOWA; USA AB Improved means for assessing the impact of management on soil quality (SQ) are needed. Objectives of this study were to assess SQ of two soils with similar taxonomy but dissimilar soil profile characteristics and compare SQ ratings with crop productivity. Soils evaluated included a glacial-till derived (GTD) loam/clay loam and an alluvial-derived (AD) sandy loam in central North Dakota, USA (403 mm mean annual precipitation). Application of the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) to seven properties showed the soils had similar SQ index (SQI) values of 69 and 68 (out of 100 possible) for GTD and AD soils at 0-30 cm depth, respectively, while they had SQI values of 89 and 87 at 0-5 cm depth. The GTD soil had 17.1 g kg(-1) organic C compared to 9.8 g kg(-1) for AD soil, and higher SMAF scores for organic C and available water capacity (AWC), but lower scores for Olsen P and potentially mineralizable N. Soil productivity, as expressed by seed yield of dry pea (Pisum sativum L), spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L), and maize (Zea mays L), was determined from two multi-crop sequence experiments conducted under no-tillage. Seed yields of spring wheat following spring wheat in 2003 and 2005 were 35% and 14% greater on GTD soil than on AD soil, but not different in 2003. Dry pea and maize forage yields were generally equivalent between soils, but 2004 maize seed yields on GTD soil following dry pea, spring wheat, and maize were 28%, 30%, and 54% lower, respectively, than on AD soil. Lower maize yields on GTD soil compared to AD soil during 2004 were associated with low subsoil hydraulic conductivity and shallower soil water depletion and root growth on GTD soil. Although GTD soil had higher levels of more stable SQindicators (organic C, AWC) than AD soil, their similar, relatively high SQI values indicate positive responses to soil conservation management. Our results show the need for integration of soil profile and subsoil information with near-surface SQ assessments. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Merrill, Stephen D.; Liebig, Mark A.; Tanaka, Donald L.; Krupinsky, Joseph M.; Hanson, Jonathan D.] ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Merrill, SD (reprint author), 5317 Zenith Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55410 USA. EM steve.merrill@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 179 BP 53 EP 61 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 248AW UT WOS:000326667100007 ER PT J AU Prestemon, JP Butry, DT Thomas, DS AF Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Butry, David T. Thomas, Douglas S. TI Exploiting autoregressive properties to develop prospective urban arson forecasts by target SO APPLIED GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Hotspot; Intentional fire; Economics; Devil's night; Serial arson ID BROKEN WINDOWS; CRIME; DISORDER; PATTERNS; CITY; DISTANCE AB Municipal fire departments responded to approximately 53,000 intentionally-set fires annually from 2003 to 2007, according to National Fire Protection Association figures. A disproportionate amount of these fires occur in spatio-temporal clusters, making them predictable and, perhaps, preventable. The objective of this research is to evaluate how the aggregation of data across space and target types (residential, non-residential, vehicle, outdoor and other) affects daily arson forecast accuracy for several target types of arson, and the ability to leverage information quantifying the autoregressive nature of intentional firesetting. To do this, we estimate, for the city of Detroit, Michigan, competing statistical models that differ in their ability to recognize potential temporal autoregressivity in the daily count of arson fires. Spatial units vary from Census tracts, police precincts, to citywide. We find that (1) the out-of-sample performance of prospective hotspot models for arson cannot usefully exploit the autoregressive properties of arson at fine spatial scales, even though autoregression is significant in-sample, hinting at a possible bias-variance tradeoff; (2) aggregation of arson across reported targets can yield a model that differs from by-target models; (3) spatial aggregation of data tends to increase forecast accuracy of arson due partly to the ability to account for temporally dynamic firesetting; and (4) arson forecast models that recognize temporal autoregression can be used to forecast daily arson fire activity at the Citywide scale in Detroit. These results suggest a tradeoff between the collection of high resolution spatial data and the use of more sophisticated modeling techniques that explicitly account for temporal correlation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] ARS, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Butry, David T.; Thomas, Douglas S.] NIST, Appl Econ Off, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Butry, DT (reprint author), NIST, Appl Econ Off, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8603, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM jprestemon@fs.fed.us; david.butry@nist.gov; douglas.thomas@nist.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-6228 EI 1873-7730 J9 APPL GEOGR JI Appl. Geogr. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 44 BP 143 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.07.015 PG 11 WC Geography SC Geography GA 249IE UT WOS:000326770100014 ER PT J AU de Castro, AA Correa, AS Legaspi, JC Guedes, RNC Serrao, JE Zanuncio, JC AF de Castro, A. A. Correa, A. S. Legaspi, J. C. Guedes, R. N. C. Serrao, J. E. Zanuncio, J. C. TI Survival and behavior of the insecticide-exposed predators Podisus nigrispinus and Supputius cincticeps (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Anticarsia gemmatalis; Asopinae; Natural enemies; Selectivity; Toxicity ID GLYPHOSATE-BASED HERBICIDE; VELVETBEAN CATERPILLAR; SOYBEAN APHID; MACULIVENTRIS HETEROPTERA; BENEFICIAL ARTHROPODS; RYANODINE RECEPTOR; SITOPHILUS-ZEAMAIS; BIOCONTROL AGENTS; ORIUS-INSIDIOSUS; ALTERNATIVE PREY AB Pentatomid stinkbugs are important predators of defoliating caterpillars in agricultural and forestry systems, and knowledge of the impact of insecticides on natural enemies is important information for integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Thus, we assessed the toxicity and behavioral sublethal response of the predators Podisus nigrispinus and Supputius cincticeps exposed to deltamethrin, methamidophos, spinosad and chlorantraniliprole, insecticides commonly used to control the velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis) in soybean crops. With the exception of deltamethrin for S. cincticeps, all insecticides showed higher acute toxicity to the prey than to these natural enemies providing effective control of A. gemmatalis. The recommended field concentration of deltamethrin, methamidophos and spinosad for controlling A. gemmatalis caused 100% mortality of P. nigrispinus and S. cincticeps nymphs. Chlorantraniliprole was the less toxic and the most selective insecticide to these predators resulting in mortalities of less than 10% when exposed to 10x the recommended field concentration for a period of 72 h. Behavioral pattern changes in predators were found for all insecticides, especially methamidophos and spinosad, which exhibited irritability (i.e., avoidance after contact) to both predator species. However, insecticide repellence (i.e., avoidance without contact) was not observed in any of the insects tested. The lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides on natural enemies is of great importance for IPM, and our results indicate that substitution of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides at their field rates by chlorantraniliprole may be a key factor for the success of IPM programs of A. gemmatalis in soybeans. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [de Castro, A. A.; Correa, A. S.; Guedes, R. N. C.; Zanuncio, J. C.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Entomol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Correa, A. S.] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Dept Entomol & Acarol, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Legaspi, J. C.] Florida A&M Univ, CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, ARS,USDA, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Serrao, J. E.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Geral, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP de Castro, AA (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Entomol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM anciagro@gmail.com; correaalbertos@gmail.-com; Jesusa.Legaspi@ars.usda.gov; guedes@ufv.br; jeserrao@ufv.br; zanuncio@ufv.br RI Correa, Alberto/C-4683-2014 OI Correa, Alberto/0000-0002-3788-7480 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX We thank the "Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)", "Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)" and "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)" for providing scholarships and financial support. NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 61 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT PY 2013 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1043 EP 1050 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.075 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250MW UT WOS:000326857900028 PM 23880241 ER PT J AU Qin, RJ Gao, SD Thomas, JE Dickson, DW Ajwa, H Wang, D AF Qin, Ruijun Gao, Suduan Thomas, John E. Dickson, Donald W. Ajwa, Husein Wang, Dong TI Emissions from soil fumigation in two raised bed production systems tarped with low permeability films SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Virtually impermeable film (VIF); Totally impermeable film (TIF); Standard polyethylene film (PE); 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D); Chloropicrin (CP) ID CHLOROPICRIN EMISSIONS; DRIP IRRIGATION; VAPOR SAFE; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; FUMIGANTS AB Raised beds are used to produce some high-value annual fruit and vegetable crops such as strawberry in California (CA) and tomato in Florida (FL), USA. Pre-plant soil fumigation is an important tool to control soil-borne pests in the raised beds. However, fumigant emissions have detrimental environmental consequences. Field trials were conducted to evaluate emissions of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) in two different production systems with raised beds covered by different tarps. In the CA trial, InLine (60.8% 1,3-D and 33.3% CP) was drip-applied at 340 kg ha(-1) to 5 cm deep in the beds (30 cm high and 107 cm wide) tarped with polyethylene (PE) or virtually impermeable film (VIF). In the FL trial, carbonated Telone C35 (63.4% 1,3-D and 34.7% CP) was shank-applied at 151 kg ha(-1) to 20 cm deep in the beds (22 cm high and 76 cm wide) tarped with totally impermeable film (TIF). Emissions from tarped beds relative to furrows were contrary between the two trials. For the CA trial, the emission was 47% of applied 1,3-D and 27% of applied CP from PE tarped beds and 31% of applied 1,3-D and 15% of applied CP from VIF tarped beds, while that from uncovered furrows was <0.4% for both chemicals in both fields. In the FL trial, only 0.1% 1,3-D was emitted from the TIF tarped beds, but 27% was measured from the uncovered furrows. Factors contributing to the differences in emissions were chiefly raised-bed configuration, tarp permeability, fumigant application method, soil properties, soil water content, and fumigant carbonation. The results indicate that strategies for emission reduction must consider the differences in agronomic production systems. Modifying raised bed configuration and fumigant application technique in coarse textured soils with TIF tarping can maximize fumigation efficiency and emission reduction. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Qin, Ruijun; Gao, Suduan; Wang, Dong] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Qin, Ruijun; Ajwa, Husein] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Thomas, John E.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Dickson, Donald W.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Qin, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM ruijun.qin@ars.usda.gov FU California Strawberry Commission; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Methyl Bromide Transition Grants Program FX This research was partially funded by the California Strawberry Commission and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Methyl Bromide Transition Grants Program. Fumigation service and equipment were provided by the University of Florida in the FL trial and by Trical Inc. in the CA trial. Technical assistance for this research was provided by Water Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Parlier, CA; the Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis at Salinas, CA; and the Department of Soil and Water Science, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT PY 2013 VL 93 IS 7 BP 1379 EP 1385 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.068 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250MY UT WOS:000326858100016 PM 23899923 ER PT J AU Kendler, DL Borges, JLC Fielding, RA Itabashi, A Krueger, D Mulligan, K Camargos, BM Sabowitz, B Wu, CH Yu, EW Shepherd, J AF Kendler, David L. Borges, Joao L. C. Fielding, Roger A. Itabashi, Akira Krueger, Diane Mulligan, Kathleen Camargos, Bruno M. Sabowitz, Brian Wu, Chih-Hsing Yu, Elaine W. Shepherd, John TI The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: Indications of Use and Reporting of DXA for Body Composition SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY LA English DT Article DE Body composition; DXA; obesity; sarcopenia ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; VISCERAL ADIPOSE-TISSUE; GASTRIC BYPASS-SURGERY; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; OBESE OLDER-ADULTS; TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR THERAPY; HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR; PLUS DUAL NUCLEOSIDES AB The technique of body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has been used for several years in the research environment. Its ability to accurately, and precisely measure lean, fat, and mineral composition in various body compartments has been well validated. Furthermore, the technique is widely available to clinical patients on existing DXA instruments throughout the world through the use of specific software packages and scanning algorithms. There have been few clear statements regarding the clinical indications for body composition measurement in patients outside the research setting. This is in part because of the lack of specific documented interventions that would be affected by body composition test results, beyond usual clinical advice. We have examined a few of the most common, specific scenarios (HIV therapy, sarcopenia, bariatric surgery, obesity) and proposed indications for body composition assessment. We have also discussed contraindications to body composition testing. C1 [Kendler, David L.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E1, Canada. [Borges, Joao L. C.] Univ Catolica Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Krueger, Diane] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Mulligan, Kathleen; Shepherd, John] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Camargos, Bruno M.] Hosp Mater Dei, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Wu, Chih-Hsing] Natl Cheng Kung Univ Hosp, Dept Family Med, Tainan 70428, Taiwan. [Yu, Elaine W.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Kendler, DL (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, 150-943 W Broadway, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E1, Canada. EM davidkendler@gmail.com OI Camargos, Bruno/0000-0002-3132-6455; Kendler, David/0000-0001-7679-3965 FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX The contribution by RAF is partially supported by the US Department of Agriculture under agreement no. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 139 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1094-6950 EI 1559-0747 J9 J CLIN DENSITOM JI J. Clin. Densitom. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 496 EP 507 DI 10.1016/j.jocd.2013.08.020 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 250KK UT WOS:000326851500019 PM 24090645 ER PT J AU Petak, S Barbu, CG Yu, EW Fielding, R Mulligan, K Sabowitz, B Wu, CH Shepherd, JA AF Petak, Steven Barbu, Carmen G. Yu, Elaine W. Fielding, Roger Mulligan, Kathleen Sabowitz, Brian Wu, Chih-Hsing Shepherd, John A. TI The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: Body Composition Analysis Reporting SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY LA English DT Article DE Adipose mass; body composition; bone mineral density; lean mass; whole body ID ENERGY X-RAY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS; FAT-FREE MASS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; LEAN MASS; VISCERAL FAT; ALTERNATIVE DEFINITIONS; CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE AB Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of body composition increasingly are used in the evaluation of clinical disorders, but there has been little guidance on how to effectively report these measures. Uniformity in reporting of body composition measures will aid in the diagnosis of clinical disorders such as obesity, sarcopenia, and lipodystrophy. At the 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry Position Development Conference on body composition, the reporting section recommended that all DXA body composition reports should contain parameters of body mass index, bone mineral density, BMC, total mass, total lean mass, total fat mass, and percent fat mass The inclusion of additional measures of adiposity and lean mass are optional, including visceral adipose tissue, appendicular lean mass index, android/gynoid percent fat ratio, trunk to leg fat mass ratio, lean mass index, and fat mass index. Within the United States, we recommend the use of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 body composition dataset as an age-, gender-, and race-specific reference and to calibrate BMC in 4-compartment models. Z-scores and percentiles of body composition measures may be useful for clinical interpretation if methods are used to adjust for non-normality. In particular, DXA body composition measures may be useful for risk-stratification of obese and sarcopenia patients, but there needs to be validation of thresholds to define obesity and sarcopenia. To summarize, these guidelines provide evidence-based standards for the reporting and clinical application of DXA-based measures of body, composition. C1 [Petak, Steven] Houston Methodist Hosp, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Barbu, Carmen G.] Carol Davila Univ, Elias Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Bucharest, Romania. [Yu, Elaine W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Fielding, Roger] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Mulligan, Kathleen; Shepherd, John A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sabowitz, Brian] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Wu, Chih-Hsing] Natl Cheng Kung Univ Hosp, Dept Family Med, Tainan 70428, Taiwan. RP Petak, S (reprint author), Houston Methodist Hosp, Dept Med, Smith Tower Suite 1001, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM spetak@petak.com FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX RF was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. We appreciate the comments received from representatives of instrument manufacturers, including Kevin Wilson, Tom Kelly, Tom Sanchez, and David Ergun. NR 91 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1094-6950 EI 1559-0747 J9 J CLIN DENSITOM JI J. Clin. Densitom. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 508 EP 519 DI 10.1016/j.jocd.2013.08.018 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 250KK UT WOS:000326851500020 PM 24183640 ER PT J AU Konstantinov, A Chamorro, ML Prathapan, KD Ge, SQ Yang, XK AF Konstantinov, Alexander Chamorro, Maria Lourdes Prathapan, K. D. Ge, Si-Qin Yang, Xing-Ke TI Moss-inhabiting flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) with description of a new genus from Cangshan, China SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE moss; bryobionts; new genus; species; flea beetles; Asia ID SCHERER COLEOPTERA; SYNONYMY AB The world diversity of moss cushion-inhabiting and moss-feeding flea beetles is documented and discussed. A new genus (Cangshanaltica) with a single new species (Cangshanaltica nigra sp. nov.) from Yunnan Province in China is described and illustrated. It is similar to Benedictus Scherer, Ivalia Jacoby, Minota Weise, Paraminota Scherer, and Phaelota Jacoby. An identification key for all flea beetle genera known to occur in mosses in the eastern hemisphere is provided. C1 [Konstantinov, Alexander; Chamorro, Maria Lourdes] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. [Prathapan, K. D.] Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Trivandrum, Kerala, India. [Ge, Si-Qin; Yang, Xing-Ke] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Konstantinov, A (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. EM alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, Forest Service, International Research Programs, Washington DC, USA; Indian Council of Agricultural Research Network Project on Insect Systematics; Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Trivandrum FX We are grateful to D. Nelson (USDA, Forest Service, International Research Programs, Washington DC, USA) for partial funding for exploration in China. M. Volkovitsh (Zoological Institute, St Petersburg, Russia), Hongxia Xu (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) and T. Petrice (USDA, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, MI, USA) are thanked for camaraderie and companionship during the 2011 explorations in China. M. Gates and A. Norrbom (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington DC, USA), and C. Staines (Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA) thoroughly reviewed earlier versions of this manuscript and provided valuable suggestions. We thank M. Buffington and M. Gates (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington, DC) for their help with the digital cameras and image capture and editing. We are grateful to M. Nair (Department of Botany, Zamorin's Guruvayoorappan College, Kozhikode and the Malabar Botanic Garden, Calicut, Kerala, India) for identification of the moss samples from the gut of Cangshanaltica nigra. KDP is funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research Network Project on Insect Systematics and the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Trivandrum. Habitus illustration are the work of K. Arakawa (Ibaraki, Japan), A. N. Brown (USA), S. V. Edgerton (San Francisco CA), and E. Roberts (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington DC, USA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 EI 1464-5262 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 37-38 BP 2459 EP 2477 DI 10.1080/00222933.2012.763068 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250QB UT WOS:000326866900005 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Doganlar, M AF Gagne, Raymond J. Doganlar, Mikdat TI A NEW SPECIES OF CELTICECIS (DTPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) ON CELTIS CAUCASICA (CANNABACEAE) FROM TURKEY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE gall midge; Palearctic; hackberries; Lasiopteridi AB A new species, Celticecis caucasicae Gagne, is described from leaf galls on Celtis caucasica Willd. found in southern Turkey. The new species, the first Celticecis known from the western Palearctic, is compared with previously described congeners. The leaf gall formed by this species affects a more extensive area of the leaf than do other Celticecis galls and the larval chamber uniquely remains open at its apex until sealed by the pupal cocoon. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Doganlar, Mikdat] Mustefa Kemal Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-34034 Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, C-O Smithsonian Inst MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; doganlar@mku.edu.tr NR 2 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 115 IS 4 BP 311 EP 315 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.115.4.311 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251CB UT WOS:000326904300002 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ Perez-Gelabert, DE Steiner, WE Heiss, E AF Henry, Thomas J. Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E. Steiner, Warren E., Jr. Heiss, Ernst TI BRACHYRHYNCHUS MEMBRANACEUS (FABRICIUS), AN OLD WORLD FLAT BUG (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA: ARADIDAE: MEZIRINAE) NEWLY DISCOVERED IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE New World record; diagnosis; hosts; photographs AB The Old World aradid Brachyrhynchus membranaceus (Fabricius), belonging to the subfamily Mezirinae, is reported for the first time from the Western Hemisphere. Since 2005, eight specimens have been intercepted at United States ports-of-entry in international commerce from Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Honduras, and Jamaica. Eventual study of specimens from the Bahamas, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Panama allowed us to confirm that this flat bug is established in the New World. Diagnostic information and illustrations of the adult male and female are provided to help distinguish this Old World aradid from other New World Mezirinae. Host associations and habits are discussed. C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, ARS,USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, ITIS, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.; Steiner, Warren E., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Heiss, Ernst] Tiroler Landesmuseum, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, ARS,USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov; perezd@si.edu; steinerw@si.edu; aradus@aon.at NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 115 IS 4 BP 342 EP 348 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.115.4.342 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251CB UT WOS:000326904300006 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Condon, M AF Buffington, Matthew L. Condon, Marty TI THE DESCRIPTION AND BIONOMICS OF TROPIDEUCOILA BLEPHARONEURAE BUFFINGTON AND CONDON, NEW SPECIES (HYMENOPTERA: FIGITIDAE: ZAEUCOILINI), PARASITOID OF BLEPHARONEURA LOEW FRUIT FLIES (TEPHRITIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Peru; Gurania acuminata; Gurania spinulosus; Gurania lobata; host plant; parasitoid; phylogeny AB Tropideucoila blepharoneurae, a new species of Zaeucoilini, is described from Peru. Specimens were reared from numerous species of the tephritid genus Blepharoneura feeding on species of Gurania (Cucurbitaceae). Prior to the discovery of this species, it was hypothesized that species of Tropideucoila were restricted to Agromyzidae hosts; this new species is remarkable for its host association with Tephritidae. To support the inclusion of this new species in Tropideucoila, we performed a total evidence phylogenetic reconstruction of the Zaeucoilini; this new species was recovered (with strong branch support) within Tropideucoila. C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.] Smithsonian NMNH, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Condon, Marty] Cornell Coll, Dept Biol, Mt Vernon, IA 52314 USA. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian NMNH, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov; Mcondon@cornellcollege.edu FU NSF [NSF DEB-0330845, NSF DEB-0949361] FX We thank the Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales- Intendencia Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre del Peri for authorizing collections (Autorizacion No 110-2008-INRENA-IFFS-DCB) and exportation of specimens (Permiso No 011832-AG-INRENA). We are grateful for collaboration from Gerardo Lamas (Entomology) and Betty Millan (Herbarium) of the Muse de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, and Eric Cosio of the Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru. We thank Luz Maria Huerto Santillan, Matthew Lewis, and Cornell College students for field assistance, and Sonja Scheffer and Matthew Lewis for molecular work. This research was supported in part by NSF grants to Condon: NSF DEB-0330845, NSF DEB-0949361. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 115 IS 4 BP 349 EP 357 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.115.4.349 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251CB UT WOS:000326904300007 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Gates, MW AF Buffington, Matthew L. Gates, Michael W. TI THE DESCRIPTION OF PARAMBLYNOTUS DELANEYI (HYMENOPTERA: LIOPTERIDAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM JOSHUA TREE NATIONAL PARK SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Cynipoidea; zonatus; virginianus; Kiefferiella; desert AB A new species, Paramblynotus delaneyi, is described and characters separating it from the Nearctic species P. zonatus Weld and P. virginianus Liu are discussed. A discussion of the insect biodiversity survey at Joshua Tree National Park is provided. C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.; Gates, Michael W.] Smithsonian NMNH, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian NMNH, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov; michael.gates@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 115 IS 4 BP 358 EP 368 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.115.4.358 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251CB UT WOS:000326904300008 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ AF Henry, Thomas J. TI CYMAPAMPHANTUS VALENTINEORUM, A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF PAMPHANTINAE (HETEROPTERA: LYGAEOIDEA: GEOCORIDAE) FROM THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS, WITH A CHECKLIST OF THE SPECIES AND KEYS TO THE TRIBES AND GENERA OF THE SUBFAMILY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Hemiptera; Heteroptera; Geocoridae; Pamphantinae; new genus; new species; British Virgin Islands; Guana Island; keys; checklist ID HEMIPTERA HETEROPTERA; SOUTH-AMERICA; LYGAEIDAE; AUSTRALIA AB The new genus and new species Cymapamphantus valentineorum, belonging to the geocorid subfamily Pamphantinae, is described from one brachypterous male and six brachypterous females taken on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands. A dorsal habitus illustration, dorsal and lateral photographs of the male and female, diagnosis, and description of C. valentineorum are provided to help distinguish this new Caribbean bug from other New World pamphantines. A checklist of the species, keys to the three tribes and eight genera, and a color photograph of a representative species of each genus of the New World Pamphantinae are provided. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS,USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS,USDA, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov FU Falconwood Foundation, New York, NY FX I am grateful to Barry D. Valentine for donating his specimens of Cymapamphantus valentineorum to the National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Smithsonian Institution; Taina Litwak (SEL) for the habitus illustration; and Michele Touchet (SEL) for the color photographs. I also express thanks to James Lazell (The Conservation Agency [TCA], Jamestown, Rhode Island) for his invitation to participate in the faunal inventory of Guam. Island, Wenhua Lu (TCA) for access to island Malaise trap samples and other materials from 2007 to 2012, and Henry G. Jarecki (owner of Guana Island) and his family for their generous support and uncommon insight into understanding the importance of documenting the fauna of this species-rich island and its subsequent changes over time. Fieldwork for this study was funded in part by The Falconwood Foundation, New York, NY. I thank Pablo M. De nape (Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina) and A. G. Wheeler, Jr. (Clemson University, Clemson, SC) for kindly reviewing the manuscript. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 115 IS 4 BP 392 EP 401 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.115.4.392 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251CB UT WOS:000326904300010 ER PT J AU Cao, HP Cao, FP Klasson, KT AF Cao, Heping Cao, Fangping Klasson, K. Thomas TI Characterization of reference gene expression in tung tree (Vernicia fordii) SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Quantitative real-time PCR; Oil biosynthesis; Reference gene expression; SYBR Green qPCR; TaqMan qPCR; Tung tree (Vernicia fordii) ID TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR; RT-PCR; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; OIL; QPCR; POLYMERASE; ISOFORMS; PLANTS; RNA AB Tung oil from tung tree (Vernicia fordii) is widely used as a drying ingredient in paints, varnishes, and other coatings and finishes. Recent research has focused on the understanding of the biosynthesis of oil in tung trees. Many oil biosynthetic genes have been identified in tung tree but little is known about the expression patterns of the genes in tung seeds. Quantitative real-time-PCR (qPCR) assays are widely used for gene expression analysis. One crucial task of qPCR assay design is to select stably expressed internal reference genes for data analysis. The objective of this study was to characterize the expression of potential reference genes in the tung tree to provide a sound basis for reliable and reproducible qPCR results. The expression of tung 60s ribosome protein L19 (Rpl19b), glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (Gapdh) and ubiquitin protein ligase (Ubl) was examined by TaqMan and SYBR Green qPCR using RNA from three trees, three tissues (seeds, leaves and flowers) and 11 time events of developing seeds. The variations of the three mRNA levels were compared between two RNA extraction methods, two cDNA preparations, and the same or different PCR plates. Overall results demonstrated that Rpl19b was the most stably expressed gene, followed closely by Ubl, and Gapdh was the worst among the three genes under optimized qPCR assay conditions. These results suggest that Rpl19b and Ubl are preferable reference genes for both TaqMan and SYBR Green qPCR assays. The development of these reference genes for quantitative gene expression analyses in tung trees should facilitate identifying target genes for genetic engineering industrial oils in oilseed crops. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cao, Heping; Klasson, K. Thomas] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Cao, Fangping] Beijing Forestry Univ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Cao, HP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Heping.Cao@ars.usda.gov OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS [6435-41000-106-00D, 6435-41000-106-10N] FX The authors thank Dr. Jay M. Shockey for providing some RNA for the study, Ms. Catherine B. Mason for technical assistance,Drs. Chris P. Mattison and Huai N. Cheng and Ms. Kim W. Daigle for helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS 6435-41000-106-00D and 6435-41000-106-10N. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 50 BP 248 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.07.030 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 251BU UT WOS:000326903600034 ER PT J AU Avci, A Saha, BC Kennedy, GJ Cotta, MA AF Avci, Ayse Saha, Badal C. Kennedy, Gregory. J. Cotta, Michael A. TI High temperature dilute phosphoric acid pretreatment of corn stover for furfural and ethanol production SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Corn stover; Furfural production; Dilute phosphoric acid pretreatment; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Ethanol fermentation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ID D-XYLOSE; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; SULFURIC-ACID; CONVERSION; FERMENTATION; STRAW; OPTIMIZATION; EXTRACTION AB Furfural was produced from corn stover by one stage pretreatment process using dilute H3PO4 and solid residues following furfural production were used for ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL-Y2034. A series of experiments were conducted at varied temperatures (140-200 degrees C) and acid doses (0.0-2.0%, v/v) in order to determine optimal conditions. The effects of time (5-25 min) and substrate concentration (5-15%, w/w) on furfural production were determined at optimal temperature (200 degrees C) and acid dose (0.75%, v/v). Maximum furfural yield (10.8 +/- 0.3 g/100 g stover) was achieved at 20-25 min duration with 5% (w/w) corn stover which corresponds to 61.6% of the potential yield. About 74% of the glucan content of corn stover was converted to glucose after enzymatic digestion of solid residues. S. cerevisiae NRRL-Y2034 fermented glucose from the solid residues efficiently to ethanol. It produced 0.47-0.50 g ethanol per g glucose which corresponds to 92-99% of the theoretical yield. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Avci, Ayse; Saha, Badal C.; Kennedy, Gregory. J.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Avci, Ayse] Sakarya Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Food Engn, TR-54187 Sakarya, Turkey. RP Avci, A (reprint author), Sakarya Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Food Engn, TR-54187 Sakarya, Turkey. EM aysea@sakarya.edu.tr FU Turkish Council of Higher Education FX Ayse Avci gratefully acknowledges the fellowship offered by the Turkish Council of Higher Education to conduct this research and Sakarya University for study leave. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 50 BP 478 EP 484 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.07.055 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 251BU UT WOS:000326903600064 ER PT J AU Moretti, A Susca, A Mule, G Logrieco, AF Proctor, RH AF Moretti, A. Susca, A. Mule, G. Logrieco, A. F. Proctor, R. H. TI Molecular biodiversity of mycotoxigenic fungi that threaten food safety SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aflatoxins; Aspergillus; Fumonisins; Fusarium; Trichothecenes; Biosynthetic pathway ID FUMONISIN BIOSYNTHETIC GENES; ASPERGILLUS SECTION NIGRI; FUJIKUROI SPECIES COMPLEX; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; DRIED VINE FRUITS; TRICHOTHECENE 3-O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; OCHRATOXIN-A; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID AB Fungal biodiversity is one of the most important contributors to the occurrence and severity of mycotoxin contamination of crop plants. Phenotypic and metabolic plasticity has enabled mycotoxigenic fungi to colonize a broad range of agriculturally important crops and to adapt to a range of environmental conditions. New mycotoxin-commodity combinations provide evidence for the ability of fungi to adapt to changing conditions and the emergence of genotypes that confer enhanced aggressiveness toward plants and/or altered mycotoxin production profiles. Perhaps the most important contributor to qualitative differences in mycotoxin production among fungi is variation in mycotoxin biosynthetic genes. Molecular genetic and biochemical analyses of toxigenic fungi have elucidated specific differences in biosynthetic genes that are responsible for intra- and inter-specific differences in mycotoxin production. For Aspergillus and Fusarium, the mycotoxigenic genera of greatest concern, variation in biosynthetic genes responsible for production of individual families of mycotoxins appears to be the result of evolutionary adaptation. Examples of such variation have been reported for: a) aflatoxin biosynthetic genes in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus; b) trichothecene biosynthetic genes within and among Fusarium species; and c) fumonisin biosynthetic genes in Aspergillus and Fusarium species. Understanding the variation in these biosynthetic genes and the basis for variation in mycotoxin production is important for accurate assessment of the risks that fungi pose to food safety and for prevention of mycotoxin contamination of crops in the field and in storage. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Moretti, A.; Susca, A.; Mule, G.; Logrieco, A. F.] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Proctor, R. H.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. RP Moretti, A (reprint author), CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, Via Amendola 122-O, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM antonio.moretti@ispa.cnr.it RI Susca, Antonia/I-6869-2013; Mule, Giuseppina/B-6478-2015; OI Susca, Antonia/0000-0003-0021-8774; Mule, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9094-1888; Moretti, Antonio/0000-0002-5232-6972; Logrieco, Antonio Francesco/0000-0002-8606-451X NR 110 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 167 IS 1 SI SI BP 57 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.06.033 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 246SP UT WOS:000326559700006 PM 23859402 ER PT J AU Sundaram, J Park, B Kwon, Y Lawrence, KC AF Sundaram, Jaya Park, Bosoon Kwon, Yongkuk Lawrence, Kurt C. TI Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with biopolymer encapsulated silver nanosubstrates for rapid detection of foodborne pathogens SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Surface enhanced Raman scattering; Salmonella Typhimurium; E. coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Listeria innocua; Principal component analysis ID SPECTROSCOPY; BACTERIA; DISCRIMINATION; PROTEINS AB A biopolymer encapsulated with silver nanoparticles was prepared using silver nitrate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution, and trisodium citrate. It was deposited on a mica sheet to use as SERS substrate. Fresh cultures of Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria innocua were washed from chicken rinse and suspended in 10 ml of sterile deionized water. Approximately 5 mu I of the bacterial suspensions was placed on the substrate individually and exposed to 785 nm HeNe laser excitation. SEAS spectral data were recorded over the Raman shift between 400 and 1800 cm(-1) from 15 different spots on the substrate for each sample; and three replicates were done on each bacteria type. Principal component analysis (PCA) model was developed to classify foodborne bacteria types. PC1 identified 96% of the variation among the given bacteria specimen, and PC2 identified 3%, resulted in a total of 99% classification accuracy. Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogies (SIMCA) of validation set gave an overall correct classification of 97%. Comparison of the SERS spectra of different types of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria indicated that all of them have similar cell walls and cell membrane structures. Conversely, major differences were noted around the nucleic acid and amino acid structure information between 1200 cm(-1) and 1700 cm(-1) and at the finger print region between 400 cm(-1) and 700 cm(-1). Silver biopolymer nanoparticle substrate could be a promising SERS tool for pathogen detection. Also this study indicates that SERS technology could be used for reliable and rapid detection and classification of food borne pathogens. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sundaram, Jaya; Park, Bosoon; Lawrence, Kurt C.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kwon, Yongkuk] Anim & Plant Quarantine Agcy, Anyang, South Korea. RP Park, B (reprint author), 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM bosoon.park@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute for Hometown Security, USA; Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea [I-AD15-2010-13-01] FX This work has been partially funded by the National Institute for Hometown Security, USA and Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Republic of Korea (I-AD15-2010-13-01). NR 25 TC 11 Z9 17 U1 11 U2 118 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 167 IS 1 SI SI BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.05.013 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 246SP UT WOS:000326559700007 PM 23806291 ER PT J AU Fettig, CJ Grosman, DM Munson, AS AF Fettig, Christopher J. Grosman, Donald M. Munson, A. Steven TI Efficacy of Abamectin and Tebuconazole Injections to Protect Lodgepole Pine from Mortality Attributed to Mountain Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Attack and Progression of Blue Stain Fungi SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Dendroctonus ponderosae; fungicides; insecticides; Pinus contorta; tree injections ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE COLEOPTERA; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLES; SCOLYTIDAE; CONIFERS; TREES; CARBARYL AB Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) are important tree mortality agents in western coniferous forests. Protection of individual trees from bark beetle attack has historically involved applications of liquid formulations of contact insecticides to the tree bole using hydraulic sprayers. More recently, researchers have examined the effectiveness of injecting small quantities of systemic insecticides directly into trees, but early efforts were largely unsuccessful. In this study, we determine the efficacy of fall (16 - 18 September) injections of abamectin (Abacide (TM) 2Hp; Mauget Inc., Arcadia, CA) alone and combined with tebuconazole (Tebuject (TM) 16, Mauget Inc.) for protecting individual lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Laws., from mortality attributed to mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins. Both abamectin and abamectin + tebuconazole were efficacious for one field season, whereas results from a second field season were inconclusive due to insufficient beetle pressure. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the successful application of a systemic insecticide for protecting P. contorta from mortality attributed to D. ponderosae. C1 [Fettig, Christopher J.; Grosman, Donald M.; Munson, A. Steven] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Fettig, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM cfettig@fs.fed.us FU Mauget Inc. [10-CO-11272164-006]; USDA Forest Service (Pacific Southwest Research Station); USDA Forest Service (Forest Health Protection); Texas A&M Forest Service (Forest Health) FX The authors thank C.P. Dabney and S.R. McKelvey (Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service), V. DeBlander, L. Dunning, C. Hayes and J. Neumann (Forest Health Protection-Intermountain Region, USDA Forest Service), J. Runyon (Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service), and W. Upton (Texas A&M Forest Service) for technical assistance. In addition, the authors thank J. Gibson of the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest (Utah) for providing access to the study site, and M. Waindle (Mauget Inc.) for her helpful insights. This research was supported, in part, by a grant (FS agreement 10-CO-11272164-006) from Mauget Inc., by in-kind contributions from Arborjet Inc., and by the USDA Forest Service (Pacific Southwest Research Station and Forest Health Protection), and Texas A&M Forest Service (Forest Health). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 IS 4 BP 270 EP 278 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 248AA UT WOS:000326664900002 ER PT J AU Davey, RB Thomas, DB Pound, JM Lohmeyer, KH Miller, RJ AF Davey, Ronald B. Thomas, Donald B. Pound, J. Mathews Lohmeyer, Kimberly H. Miller, Robert J. TI Efficacy of an Organophosphate Mixture Against an Organophosphate-resistant Strain of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cattle fever tick; control; acaricide; organophosphate; pesticide-resistance ID UNITED-STATES; NEW-CALEDONIA; CATTLE; COUMAPHOS; INSECTICIDE; BORDER; TICK AB Efficacy of an organophosphate (OP) mixture acaricide, Ravap (R) (Bayer, Shawnee, KS) was evaluated as a spray at 0.15 and 0.3% active ingredient (Al) on cattle infested with all parasitic stages of OP-resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini). Laboratory bioassays showed ticks were 18.7X more resistant to OP acaricides than a susceptible reference strain. Overall results demonstrated both concentrations produced significantly greater adverse effects on ticks in every measured parameter than were obtained from untreated ticks, except for female engorgement weight. Overall percentage control at 0.15 and 0.3% Al was 85.3 and 87.6%, respectively. Ravap was most effective against ticks treated in the larval stage and least effective against ticks treated in the adult stage. At 0.15 and 0.3% Al, control against adults was 79.8 and 76.2%, respectively, whereas control against ticks in the larval stage was 96.5 and 97.7%, respectively, with no significant differences. Control against ticks treated in the nymphal stage was intermediate (82.5% at 0.15% Al and 93.1% at 0.3% Al) and there was a significant difference between concentrations. Although this OP mixture acaricide provided good control against a highly OP-resistant strain of ticks, the control was still well below the 99% level required for use in the U.S. Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program. Therefore, a single treatment with this mixture acaricide against OP-resistant ticks would still pose a risk of dispersing cattle harboring viable ticks to uninfested areas. Effect of pesticide application method (spray versus dip) and potential for Ravap use in an emergency tick outbreak situation are discussed. C1 [Davey, Ronald B.; Thomas, Donald B.; Pound, J. Mathews; Lohmeyer, Kimberly H.; Miller, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. RP Thomas, DB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, 22675 N Moorefield Rd,Bldg 6419, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM donald.thomas@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 IS 4 BP 306 EP 316 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 248AA UT WOS:000326664900006 ER PT J AU Podgwaite, JD Martemyanov, VV Slavicek, JM Bakhvalov, SA Pavlushin, SV Hayes-Plazolles, N Zerillo, RT AF Podgwaite, J. D. Martemyanov, V. V. Slavicek, J. M. Bakhvalov, S. A. Pavlushin, S. V. Hayes-Plazolles, N. Zerillo, R. T. TI Potency of Nucleopolyhedrovirus Genotypes for European and Asian Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gypsy moth; nucleopolyhedrovirus; genotypic variants; bioassay ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; SERIAL PASSAGE; CELL-CULTURE; DISPAR; IDENTIFICATION; MUTANTS; STRAINS; GYPCHEK; LDMNPV; GENE AB Gypchek is a gypsy nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV) product used for management of European gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar dispar L.) in the United States, primarily in areas where the use of broad-spectrum pesticides is not appropriate. Similar LdMNPV products are used in Russia for control of a flighted-female strain of Asian gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar asiatica Vnukovskij), an insect not yet established in the United States. Gypchek is a mixture of LdMNPV genotypic variants and is being developed further toward a single, high- potency genotype product that is effective against both European and Asian strains. We isolated 5 LdMNPV genotypic variants from Gypchek and, through diet incorporation bioassays, assessed their potencies for both a laboratory strain of European gypsy moth and a wild Asian gypsy moth strain. Bioassays conducted in the United States showed that 2 viral isolates, 122b and 122-HP, were about 3 times as potent as Gypchek against European gypsy moth. Bioassays conducted in Russia showed that 122-HP was as effective as a wild Siberian LdMNPV against a wild Asian (Siberian) strain of gypsy moth. Both 122-HP and 122b were shown to be at least as effective as Gypchek in killing European gypsy moth larvae when formulated at a high dose and sprayed on oak foliage in a ground-based field test. Overall results indicated that both 122b and 122-HP are potential candidates for further development as a single-genotype Gypchek product. C1 [Podgwaite, J. D.; Martemyanov, V. V.; Slavicek, J. M.; Bakhvalov, S. A.; Pavlushin, S. V.; Hayes-Plazolles, N.; Zerillo, R. T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. RP Podgwaite, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 51 Mill Pond Rd, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. EM jpodgwaite@fs.fed.us RI Martemyanov, Vyacheslav/Q-7466-2016 FU USDA Forest Service [07-JV-11242300-092] FX The authors thank DeAdra Newman for rearing gypsy moth larvae and Danny Hamilton and Peter Dusha for technical assistance. This study was supported in part by a USDA Forest Service Joint Venture Agreement (07-JV-11242300-092). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 IS 4 BP 332 EP 344 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 248AA UT WOS:000326664900009 ER PT J AU Mir, SAV Kellermayer, R AF Mir, Sabina A. V. Kellermayer, Richard TI Clostridium difficile Infection in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Mid-Southern United States SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE children; Clostridium difficile; incidence; inflammatory bowel disease; pediatric ID RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; UPDATE AB Clostridium difficile is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that infects patients with underlying chronic disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) at high rates. An extremely high prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) was noted recently in new-onset pediatric IBD from eastern Europe (Poland). We examined the rate of CDI in our new pediatric IBD patients (123 tested) from 2010 to 2012. The overall prevalence of CDI at disease onset was 8.1%, significantly (P<0.0001) lower than in Poland, but much higher than in the general population. This work supports the testing for Clostridium difficile in suspected cases of new-onset pediatric IBD. C1 [Mir, Sabina A. V.; Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kellermayer, R (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, 6621 Fannin St,CC1010-00, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellerma@bcm.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK056338] NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0277-2116 EI 1536-4801 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 57 IS 4 BP 487 EP 488 DI 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182a027c5 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 248ZM UT WOS:000326745500022 PM 23783013 ER PT J AU Huang, SX Ding, J Deng, DJ Tang, W Sun, HH Liu, DY Zhang, L Niu, XL Zhang, X Meng, M Yu, JD Liu, J Han, Y Shi, W Zhang, DF Cao, SQ Wei, ZJ Cui, YL Xia, YH Zeng, HP Bao, K Lin, L Min, Y Zhang, H Miao, M Tang, XF Zhu, YY Sui, Y Li, GW Sun, HJ Yue, JY Sun, JQ Liu, FF Zhou, LQ Lei, L Zheng, XQ Liu, M Huang, L Song, J Xu, CH Li, JW Ye, KY Zhong, SL Lu, BR He, GH Xiao, FM Wang, HL Zheng, HK Fei, ZJ Liu, YS AF Huang, Shengxiong Ding, Jian Deng, Dejing Tang, Wei Sun, Honghe Liu, Dongyuan Zhang, Lei Niu, Xiangli Zhang, Xia Meng, Meng Yu, Jinde Liu, Jia Han, Yi Shi, Wei Zhang, Danfeng Cao, Shuqing Wei, Zhaojun Cui, Yongliang Xia, Yanhua Zeng, Huaping Bao, Kan Lin, Lin Min, Ya Zhang, Hua Miao, Min Tang, Xiaofeng Zhu, Yunye Sui, Yuan Li, Guangwei Sun, Hanju Yue, Junyang Sun, Jiaqi Liu, Fangfang Zhou, Liangqiang Lei, Lin Zheng, Xiaoqin Liu, Ming Huang, Long Song, Jun Xu, Chunhua Li, Jiewei Ye, Kaiyu Zhong, Silin Lu, Bao-Rong He, Guanghua Xiao, Fangming Wang, Hui-Li Zheng, Hongkun Fei, Zhangjun Liu, Yongsheng TI Draft genome of the kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID L-GALACTOSE GUANYLTRANSFERASE; ASCORBATE BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; TRANSFER-RNA; LINKAGE MAP; SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION; ALIGNMENT; TOOL AB The kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) is an economically and nutritionally important fruit crop with remarkably high vitamin C content. Here we report the draft genome sequence of a heterozygous kiwifruit, assembled from similar to 140-fold next-generation sequencing data. The assembled genome has a total length of 616.1Mb and contains 39,040 genes. Comparative genomic analysis reveals that the kiwifruit has undergone an ancient hexaploidization event (gamma) shared by core eudicots and two more recent whole-genome duplication events. Both recent duplication events occurred after the divergence of kiwifruit from tomato and potato and have contributed to the neofunctionalization of genes involved in regulating important kiwifruit characteristics, such as fruit vitamin C, flavonoid and carotenoid metabolism. As the first sequenced species in the Ericales, the kiwifruit genome sequence provides a valuable resource not only for biological discovery and crop improvement but also for evolutionary and comparative genomics analysis, particularly in the asterid lineage. C1 [Huang, Shengxiong; Niu, Xiangli; Liu, Jia; Han, Yi; Shi, Wei; Zhang, Danfeng; Cao, Shuqing; Wei, Zhaojun; Zhang, Hua; Miao, Min; Tang, Xiaofeng; Zhu, Yunye; Sui, Yuan; Li, Guangwei; Sun, Hanju; Yue, Junyang; Wang, Hui-Li; Liu, Yongsheng] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Biotechnol & Food Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China. [Huang, Shengxiong; Tang, Wei; Zhang, Xia; Meng, Meng; Yu, Jinde; Lin, Lin; Min, Ya; Miao, Min; Tang, Xiaofeng; Sun, Jiaqi; Liu, Fangfang; Liu, Yongsheng] Sichuan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm, Coll Life Sci,State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River En, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. [Ding, Jian; Cui, Yongliang; Zhou, Liangqiang; Lei, Lin; Zheng, Xiaoqin] Sichuan Acad Nat Resource Sci, Chengdu 610015, Peoples R China. [Deng, Dejing; Liu, Dongyuan; Xia, Yanhua; Zeng, Huaping; Liu, Ming; Huang, Long; Song, Jun; Xu, Chunhua; Zheng, Hongkun] Biomarker Technol Corp, Beijing 101300, Peoples R China. [Sun, Honghe; Bao, Kan; Zhong, Silin; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhang, Lei] Hubei Acad Agr Sci, Inst Fruit & Tea, Wuhan 430064, Peoples R China. [Li, Jiewei; Ye, Kaiyu] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangxi Inst Bot, Guilin 541006, Peoples R China. [Zhong, Silin] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Soybean Res, State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol, Sch Life Sci, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lu, Bao-Rong] Fudan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Inst Biodivers Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [He, Guanghua] Southwest Univ, Coll Agron & Life Sci, Chongqing 400716, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Fangming] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Liu, YS (reprint author), Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Biotechnol & Food Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China. EM zhenghk@biomarker.com.cn; zf25@cornell.edu; liuyongsheng1122@hfut.edu.cn RI Min, Ya/E-6306-2015; zhong, silin/O-7029-2015; Lu, Bao-Rong/C-3130-2009; chen, xiangtao/C-7916-2014; OI zhong, silin/0000-0002-0198-7383; Wei, Zhao-Jun/0000-0003-1729-209X; Lu, Bao-Rong/0000-0002-0214-2390; Fei, Zhangjun/0000-0001-9684-1450 FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB100401, 2012CB525003]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31171179, 30770466, 90717110, 30970260, 30971752, 31201597]; Advanced Program of Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China [20110181130009]; National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scientists [30825030]; Key Project from the Government of Anhui Province [2012AKKG0739]; Key Project from Chongqing Local Government [2010AA1019]; Key Project from the Government of Sichuan Province [2013NZ0014, 2007FGY004, 2010NZ0052, 10010105, 13ZC2279]; National Science and Technology Key Project of China on GMO Cultivation for New Varieties [2009ZX08001-011B, 2009ZX08009-072B]; Young Scientist Foundation of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences [2011NKYJJ11]; United States National Science Foundation [IOS-0923312] FX We thank Professor Michael Wisniewski for his critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (nos. 2011CB100401 and 2012CB525003), National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 31171179, 30770466, 90717110, 30970260, 30971752 and 31201597), Advanced Program of Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (no. 20110181130009), the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scientists (no. 30825030), the Key Project from the Government of Anhui Province (no. 2012AKKG0739), the Key Project from Chongqing Local Government (no. 2010AA1019), the Key Project from the Government of Sichuan Province (nos. 2013NZ0014, 2007FGY004, 2010NZ0052, 10010105 and 13ZC2279), the National Science and Technology Key Project of China on GMO Cultivation for New Varieties (nos. 2009ZX08001-011B and 2009ZX08009-072B), Young Scientist Foundation of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (no. 2011NKYJJ11) and the United States National Science Foundation (IOS-0923312). NR 68 TC 59 Z9 69 U1 7 U2 108 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 4 AR 2640 DI 10.1038/ncomms3640 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 245OG UT WOS:000326472400003 PM 24136039 ER PT J AU Zheng, WM Huang, LL Huang, JQ Wang, XJ Chen, XM Zhao, J Guo, J Zhuang, H Qiu, CZ Liu, J Liu, HQ Huang, XL Pei, GL Zhan, GM Tang, CL Cheng, YL Liu, M Zhang, JS Zhao, ZT Zhang, SJ Han, QM Han, DJ Zhang, HC Zhao, J Gao, XN Wang, JF Ni, PX Dong, W Yang, LF Yang, HM Xu, JR Zhang, GY Kang, ZS AF Zheng, Wenming Huang, Lili Huang, Jinqun Wang, Xiaojie Chen, Xianming Zhao, Jie Guo, Jun Zhuang, Hua Qiu, Chuangzhao Liu, Jie Liu, Huiquan Huang, Xueling Pei, Guoliang Zhan, Gangming Tang, Chunlei Cheng, Yulin Liu, Minjie Zhang, Jinshan Zhao, Zhongtao Zhang, Shijie Han, Qingmei Han, Dejun Zhang, Hongchang Zhao, Jing Gao, Xiaoning Wang, Jianfeng Ni, Peixiang Dong, Wei Yang, Linfeng Yang, Huanming Xu, Jin-Rong Zhang, Gengyun Kang, Zhensheng TI High genome heterozygosity and endemic genetic recombination in the wheat stripe rust fungus SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID TRANSPORTER; F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; UROMYCES-FABAE; NORTH-AMERICA; SEQUENCE; PLANT; HAUSTORIA; OBLIGATE; LIFE AB Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. Here we report a 110-Mb draft sequence of Pst isolate CY32, obtained using a 'fosmid-to-fosmid' strategy, to better understand its race evolution and pathogenesis. The Pst genome is highly heterozygous and contains 25,288 protein-coding genes. Compared with non-obligate fungal pathogens, Pst has a more diverse gene composition and more genes encoding secreted proteins. Re-sequencing analysis indicates significant genetic variation among six isolates collected from different continents. Approximately 35% of SNPs are in the coding sequence regions, and half of them are non-synonymous. High genetic diversity in Pst suggests that sexual reproduction has an important role in the origin of different regional races. Our results show the effectiveness of the 'fosmid-to-fosmid' strategy for sequencing dikaryotic genomes and the feasibility of genome analysis to understand race evolution in Pst and other obligate pathogens. C1 [Zheng, Wenming; Huang, Lili; Wang, Xiaojie; Zhao, Jie; Guo, Jun; Zhuang, Hua; Liu, Jie; Liu, Huiquan; Huang, Xueling; Pei, Guoliang; Zhan, Gangming; Tang, Chunlei; Cheng, Yulin; Liu, Minjie; Zhang, Jinshan; Zhao, Zhongtao; Zhang, Shijie; Han, Qingmei; Han, Dejun; Zhang, Hongchang; Zhao, Jing; Gao, Xiaoning; Wang, Jianfeng; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Wenming; Huang, Lili; Wang, Xiaojie; Zhao, Jie; Guo, Jun; Zhuang, Hua; Liu, Jie; Liu, Huiquan; Huang, Xueling; Pei, Guoliang; Zhan, Gangming; Tang, Chunlei; Cheng, Yulin; Liu, Minjie; Zhang, Jinshan; Zhao, Zhongtao; Zhang, Shijie; Han, Qingmei; Han, Dejun; Zhang, Hongchang; Zhao, Jing; Gao, Xiaoning; Wang, Jianfeng; Kang, Zhensheng] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Wenming] Henan Agr Univ, Key Lab Physiol Ecol & Genet Improvement Food Cro, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan Province, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Wenming] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan Province, Peoples R China. [Huang, Jinqun; Qiu, Chuangzhao; Ni, Peixiang; Dong, Wei; Yang, Linfeng; Yang, Huanming; Zhang, Gengyun] BGI Shenzhen, State Key Lab Agr Genom, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Xu, Jin-Rong] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM jinrong@purdue.edu; zhanggengyun@genomics.org.cn; kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn RI Liu, Huiquan/M-1587-2013 OI Liu, Huiquan/0000-0002-4723-845X FU National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127700, 2012CB114001]; earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System [CARS-3-1-11]; Nature Science Foundation of China [30930064]; 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This study was supported financially by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB127700, No. 2012CB114001), the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (No. CARS-3-1-11), the Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 30930064) and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049). We thank L. Dunkle for proofreading this manuscript. NR 54 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 11 U2 66 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 4 AR 2673 DI 10.1038/ncomms3673 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 245OP UT WOS:000326473500005 PM 24150273 ER PT J AU Delwiche, SR Yang, IC Graybosch, RA AF Delwiche, Stephen R. Yang, I-Chang Graybosch, Robert A. TI Multiple view image analysis of freefalling U.S. wheat grains for damage assessment SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Damage; Imaging; Texture; Morphology; Elliptic Fourier Descriptor ID ELLIPTIC FOURIER DESCRIPTORS; MACHINE VISION; NEURAL-NETWORK; COLOR ANALYSIS; CEREAL GRAIN; SHAPE; IDENTIFICATION; CLASSIFICATION; DISCRIMINATION; FEATURES AB Currently, inspection of wheat in the United States for grade and class is performed by human visual analysis. This is a time consuming operation typically taking several minutes for each sample. Digital imaging research has addressed this issue over the past two decades, with success in recognition of differing wheat classes and distinguishing wheat from non-wheat species. Detection of wheat kernel defects caused either by damage or disease has been a greater challenge. A study was undertaken using highspeed digital imaging to detect damaged U.S. grown kernels in freefall, one kernel at a time. The system is composed of hardware (camera, lighting, power supplies, and data acquisition card) and associated software for instrument control, data collection, and analysis. It was designed to capture images of free-falling kernels at opposing angles through the use of optical grade mirrors. Parameterization was performed on kernel morphological and textural characteristics of three views (primary and two reflections), whereupon these terms were used to develop classification models for sound and damaged classes. Fifty samples of hard red and white wheat subjected to weather-related damage during plant development were examined. Parametric (linear discriminant analysis, LDA) and non-parametric (k-nearest neighbor, KNN) classification models were tested to determine the image features that best fostered recognition of kernel damage (mold, pre-harvest sprouting, and black tip). The morphological features used in classification included area, projected volume, perimeter, ellipse eccentricity, and major and minor axis lengths. Textural features from calculated gray level co-occurrence matrices (including contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity) as well as entropy were also considered, as were elliptic Fourier descriptors (truncated Fourier series functions that defined the contour of border in each view). The results indicate that with a combination of two morphological and four texture properties, classification levels attain 91-94% accuracy, depending on the type of classification model (LDA or KNN). The research findings are intended to lead to the streamlining of feature extraction in image-based grain inspection as well as to provide design criteria for high speed sorting. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Delwiche, Stephen R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yang, I-Chang] Taiwan Natl Sci Council, Taipei, Taiwan. [Graybosch, Robert A.] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Bldg 303,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM stephen.delwiche@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 EI 1872-7107 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 98 BP 62 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2013.07.002 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 242AU UT WOS:000326210600008 ER PT J AU Knothe, G Kenar, JA AF Knothe, Gerhard Kenar, James A. TI Response to the Letter to the Editor regarding "Determination of the fatty acid profile by H-1 NMR spectroscopy" SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Knothe, Gerhard; Kenar, James A.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1438-7697 EI 1438-9312 J9 EUR J LIPID SCI TECH JI Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 115 IS 10 BP 1201 EP 1202 DI 10.1002/ejlt.201300311 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 230UH UT WOS:000325368100015 ER PT J AU Marler, TE Lawrence, JH AF Marler, Thomas E. Lawrence, John H. TI Phytophagous Insects Reduce Cycad Resistance to Tropical Cyclone Winds and Impair Storm Recovery SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; Cycas micronesica; Guam; mechanical stress; stem borer; wind damage ID AULACASPIS-YASUMATSUI; MICRONESICA; TREES; GUAM; TOLERANCE; MORTALITY; FOREST; DAMAGE; PAKA; STEM C1 [Marler, Thomas E.] Univ Guam, Western Pacific Trop Res Ctr, Coll Nat & Appl Sci, UOG Stn, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA. [Lawrence, John H.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Barrigada, GU 96913 USA. RP Marler, TE (reprint author), Univ Guam, Western Pacific Trop Res Ctr, Coll Nat & Appl Sci, UOG Stn, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA. EM tmarler@uguam.uog.edu FU U.S. Forest Service [06-DG-11052021-206, 09-DG-11052021-173] FX Support provided by U.S. Forest Service Project No. 06-DG-11052021-206 and No. 09-DG-11052021-173. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 IS 10 BP 1224 EP 1226 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 240VS UT WOS:000326126400001 ER PT J AU Tetteh, AY Wehner, TC Davis, AR AF Tetteh, Antonia Y. Wehner, Todd C. Davis, Angela R. TI Inheritance of Resistance to Powdery Mildew Race 2 in Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breeding; generation means analysis; narrow sense heritability; plant disease; watermelon ID STALK ROT; WATERMELON; GENES; GERMPLASM; MUSKMELON; LINES AB Information on the mode of inheritance of powdery mildew resistance in watermelon is important for designing a breeding strategy for the development of new cultivars. Resistance in the watermelon accession PI 270545 was investigated by generation means analysis by crossing it with susceptible PI 267677. The analyses showed involvement of two genes, a recessive resistance gene, pmr-1, and a dominant gene for moderate resistance, Pmr-2. Resistance to powdery mildew in the leaf had a large dominance effect and a heritability of 71%. The additive-dominance model was inadequate in explaining variation in leaf resistance as revealed by the joint scaling test. However, nonallelic interactions could not be detected by the nonweighted six-parameter scaling test. For stem resistance, the additive-dominance model was adequate, and inheritance was controlled mainly by additive effects. A high narrow-sense heritability of 79% suggested that selection for stem resistance in early generations would be effective. C1 [Tetteh, Antonia Y.] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Kumasi, Ghana. [Wehner, Todd C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Davis, Angela R.] HM Clause Seed Co, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Davis, Angela R.] ARS, USDA, South Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. RP Wehner, TC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM todd_wehner@ncsu.edu FU North Carolina State University; North Carolina Agricultural Research Service; Ghana Government; American Association of University Women FX This work was supported in part by the graduate school assistantship provided by North Carolina State University, the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, the Ghana Government Scholarship Fund, and the American Association of University Women. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 IS 10 BP 1227 EP 1230 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 240VS UT WOS:000326126400002 ER PT J AU Larco, H Strik, BC Bryla, DR Sullivan, DM AF Larco, Handell Strik, Bernadine C. Bryla, David R. Sullivan, Dan M. TI Mulch and Fertilizer Management Practices for Organic Production of Highbush Blueberry. I: Plant Growth and Allocation of Biomass during Establishment SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE compost; dry weight partitioning; feather meal; fish emulsion; landscape fabric; organic fertilizer; raised beds; sawdust; Vaccinium corymbosum; weed mat ID RABBITEYE BLUEBERRIES; WATER REQUIREMENTS; CULTURAL-PRACTICES; ROOT DISTRIBUTION; YIELD; IRRIGATION; NITROGEN; VEGETATION; NUTRITION; INFECTION AB A systems trial was established in Oct. 2006 to evaluate management practices for organic production of northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). The practices included: flat and raised planting beds; feather meal and fish emulsion fertilizer each applied at rates of 29 and 57 kg.ha(-1) nitrogen (N); sawdust mulch, compost topped with sawdust mulch (compost + sawdust), or weed mat; and two cultivars, Duke and Liberty. Each treatment was irrigated by drip and weeds were controlled as needed. The planting was certified organic in 2008. After one growing season, allocation of biomass to the roots was greater when plants were grown on raised beds than on flat beds, mulched with organic mulch rather than a weed mat, and fertilized with the lower rate of N. Plants also allocated more biomass belowground when fertilized with feather meal than with fish emulsion. Although fish emulsion improved growth relative to feather meal in the establishment year, this was not the case the next year when feather meal was applied earlier. After two seasons, total plant dry weight (DW) was generally greater on raised beds than on flat beds, but the difference varied depending on fertilizer and the type of mulch used. Shoots and leaves accounted for 60% to 77% of total plant biomass, whereas roots accounted for 7% to 19% and fruit accounted for 4% to 18%. Plants produced 33% higher yield when grown on raised beds than on flat beds and had 36% higher yield with weed mat than with sawdust mulch. Yield was also higher when plants were fertilized with the low rate of fish emulsion than with any other fertilizer treatment in 'Duke' but was unaffected by fertilizer source or rate in 'Liberty'. Although raised beds and sawdust or sawdust + compost produced the largest total plant DW, the greatest shoot growth and yield occurred when plants were mulched with weed mat or compost + sawdust on raised beds in both cultivars. The impact of these organic production practices on root development may affect the sustainability of these production systems over time, however, because plants with lower root-to-shoot ratios may be more sensitive to cultural or environmental stresses. C1 [Larco, Handell; Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Sullivan, Dan M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Strik, BC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM strikb@hort.oregonstate.edu FU Oregon Blueberry Commission; Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; Washington Blueberry Commission; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [OREI 2008-513000-04443] FX We recognize the financial support provided by the Oregon Blueberry Commission, the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, the Washington Blueberry Commission, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Formula Grant no. OREI 2008-513000-04443), and our industry contributors. We appreciate the valuable assistance of Emily Vollmer and Gil Buller at the NWREC, Oregon State University. NR 55 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 25 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 IS 10 BP 1250 EP 1261 PG 12 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 240VS UT WOS:000326126400006 ER PT J AU Richeson, JT Pinedo, PJ Kegley, EB Powell, JG Gadberry, MS Beck, PA Falkenberg, SM AF Richeson, John T. Pinedo, Pablo J. Kegley, Elizabeth B. Powell, Jeremy G. Gadberry, M. Shane Beck, Paul A. Falkenberg, Shollie M. TI Association of hematologic variables and castration status at the time of arrival at a research facility with the risk of bovine respiratory disease in beef calves SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ACUTE-PHASE PROTEINS; FUNCTIONAL-ACTIVITY; FEEDLOT CATTLE; STRESS; PERFORMANCE; BULLS; HEALTH; TRANSPORTATION; NEUTROPHILS; BIOMARKERS AB Objective-To determine the association of CBC variables and castration status at the time of arrival at a research facility with the risk of development of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Design-Retrospective cohort study. Animals-1,179 crossbred beef bull (n = 588) and steer (591) calves included in 4 experiments at 2 University of Arkansas research facilities. Procedures-Calves underwent processing and treatments in accordance with the experiment in which they were enrolled. Castration statu and values of CBC variables were determined at the time of arrival at the facilities. Calves were monitored to detect signs of BRD during a 42-day period. Results-The areas under the receiving operator characteristic curves for CBC variables with significant contrast test results ranged from 0.51 (neutrophil count) to 0.67 (eosinophil count), indicating they were limited predictors of BRD in calves. The only CBC variables that had significant associations with BRD in calves as determined via multivariable logistic regression analysis were eosinophil and RBC counts. The odds of BRD for bulls were 3.32 times the odds of BRD for steers. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results of this study indicated that low eosinophil and high RBC counts in blood samples may be useful for identification of calves with a high risk for development of BRD. Further research may be warranted to validate these variables for prediction of BRD in calves. Calves that were bulls at the time of arrival had a higher risk of BIRD, versus calves that were steers at that time. C1 [Richeson, John T.] West Texas A&M Univ, Coll Agr Sci & Engn, Dept Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Pinedo, Pablo J.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Kegley, Elizabeth B.; Powell, Jeremy G.; Gadberry, M. Shane; Beck, Paul A.] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Falkenberg, Shollie M.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Richeson, JT (reprint author), West Texas A&M Univ, Coll Agr Sci & Engn, Dept Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. EM jricheson@wtamu.edu NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 243 IS 7 BP 1035 EP 1041 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 242RV UT WOS:000326260600033 PM 24050572 ER PT J AU Erpul, G Gabriels, D Norton, LD Flanagan, DC Huang, CH Visser, S AF Erpul, Gunay Gabriels, Donald Norton, L. Darrell Flanagan, Dennis C. Huang, Chi Hua Visser, Saskia TI Raindrop and flow interactions for interrill erosion with wind-driven rain SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Flow kinetic energy flux; interrill erosion; raindrop impact velocity vector; Water Erosion Prediction Project; wind-driven rain ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT CAPACITY; SPLASH-SALTATION; WATER EROSION; SAND DETACHMENT; OVERLAND-FLOW; SOIL-EROSION; IMPACT; PREDICTION; TUNNEL; MODEL AB Wind-driven rain (WDR) experiments were conducted to evaluate the interrill component of the Water Erosion Prediction Project model with a two-dimensional experimental set-up in a wind tunnel. Synchronized wind and rain simulations were applied to soil surfaces on windward and leeward slopes of 7, 15 and 20%. Since WDR fall trajectory varied with horizontal wind velocities of 6, 10, and 14m s(-1), magnitude of raindrop normal and lateral stresses on flow at the impact-flow boundary also changed and differentially directed lateral jets of raindrop splashes with respect to downward flows occurred. To account for interactions between raindrop impact and interrill shallow flow, a vector approach with kinetic energy fluxes of both raindrop splashes and flow were used and this resulted in greater correlations in predicting sediment delivery rates. C1 [Erpul, Gunay] Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Soil Sci & Plant Nutr, TR-06110 Ankara, Turkey. [Gabriels, Donald] Univ Ghent, Dept Soil Management, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Gabriels, Donald] Univ Ghent, UNESCO Chair Eremol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Norton, L. Darrell; Flanagan, Dennis C.; Huang, Chi Hua] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Visser, Saskia] Dept Environm Sci, Land Degradat & Dev Grp, NL-6708 PB Wageningen Ur, Netherlands. RP Erpul, G (reprint author), Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Soil Sci & Plant Nutr, TR-06110 Ankara, Turkey. EM erpul@ankara.edu.tr; donald.gabriels@UGent.be; norton@purdue.edu; dennis.flanagan@ars.usda.gov; chi-hua.huang@ars.usda.gov; saskia.visser@wur.nl FU Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, Italy FX G.E. thanks the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, Italy, for providing financial support of his visits (as a Regular Associate) to both the ICTP and the partner institute, UNESCO Chair on Eremology, Ghent University, Belgium. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 42 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1686 EI 1814-2079 J9 J HYDRAUL RES JI J. Hydraul. Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 51 IS 5 BP 548 EP 557 DI 10.1080/00221686.2013.778339 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 244EV UT WOS:000326370800006 ER PT J AU Wright, MS Lax, AR AF Wright, Maureen S. Lax, Alan R. TI Combined Effect of Microbial and Chemical Control Agents on Subterranean Termites SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus; Beauveria; Coptotermes; imidacloprid; Isaria ID COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS ISOPTERA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; RHINOTERMITIDAE; FUMOSOROSEUS; VIRULENCE; FUNGI AB Termite mortality was measured when fungi were combined with bacteria or a chemical termiticide to determine whether a synergistic effect occurred. The fungus Beauveria bassiana was combined with the non-repellant chemical termiticide imidadoprid. Of the three B. bassiana strains tested one, B. bassiana ATCC 90519, was sufficiently pathogenic on its own that the advantage of a supplementary chemical treatment was marginal. The mortality caused by another fungal strain, B. bassiana ATCC 26037, was improved in combination with imidadoprid at both of the tested chemical concentrations over the first 14 days. The remaining fungal strain, B. bassiana ATCC 90518, demonstrated an overall mortality rate in combination with hnidadoprid of 82.5%, versus a rate of 65.0% for the fungus alone. The fungus Isaria fumosorosea (Ifr) was combined with the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). On day 5, Ifr, Bt, and the combined treatment at a 106 spores or cells/ml dosage caused 8.8%, 22.5%, and 15.0% mortality, respectively. The Bt and combined mortality rates are not significantly different. Control mortality on day 5 was 5.0%. On day 13 the combined 106 treatment mortality rate was 91.3%, which was significantly higher than all other treatments: control at 17.5%, Ifr at 36.3% and Bt at 35.0%. When Ifr and St were applied at a 109 spores or cells/ml dosage, Ifr alone caused a mortality rate of 97.5% as early as day 5. The combination with St could not significantly increase the effectiveness of this dosage. These data demonstrate the potential for synergistic effects of fungal and chemical treatment methods, thereby broadening the use of microbial control agents and reducing the quantity of chemical agents necessary to effect control. C1 [Wright, Maureen S.; Lax, Alan R.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Wright, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Maureen.Wright@ARS.USDA.GOV FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Weste Osbrink, Dr. Matt Tarver, and Chris Florane for providing termites; and Bridgette H. Duplantis, Erin E. Courtney and Amelia B. Mims for technical assistance. This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY KOREA PI SEOUL PA KOREA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER 803, 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-8873 EI 1976-3794 J9 J MICROBIOL JI J. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 51 IS 5 BP 578 EP 583 DI 10.1007/s12275-013-2628-5 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 244AD UT WOS:000326358600005 PM 24037651 ER PT J AU Grum, DS Cook, D Baucom, D Mott, IW Gardner, DR Creamer, R Allen, JG AF Grum, Daniel S. Cook, Daniel Baucom, Deana Mott, Ivan W. Gardner, Dale R. Creamer, Rebecca Allen, Jeremy G. TI Production of the Alkaloid Swainsonine by a Fungal Endophyte in the Host Swainsona canescens SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-MANNOSIDASE INHIBITOR; LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISEASE; EMBELLISIA-OXYTROPIS; IPOMOEA-CARNEA; LOCOWEEDS; UNDIFILUM; ASTRAGALUS; LEGUMES; SERICEA; CHINA AB Legumes belonging to the Astragalus, Oxytropis, and Swainsona genera have been noted by ranchers in the Americas, Asia, and Australia to cause a neurologic disease often referred to as locoism or peastruck. The toxin in these legumes is swainsonine, an alpha-mannosidase and mannosidase 11 inhibitor. Recent research has shown that in Astragalus and Oxytropis species swainsonine is produced by a fungal endophyte belonging to the Undifilum genus. Here Swainsona canescens is shown to harbor an endophyte that is closely related to Undifilum species previously cultured from locoweeds of North America and Asia. The endophyte produces swainsonine in vitro and was detected by PCR and culturing in S. canescens. The endophyte isolated from S. canescens was characterized as an Undifilum species using morphological and phylogenetic analyses. C1 [Grum, Daniel S.; Cook, Daniel; Gardner, Dale R.] USDA ARS Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Baucom, Deana; Creamer, Rebecca] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88001 USA. [Mott, Ivan W.] USDA ARS Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Allen, Jeremy G.] Dept Agr & Food, Anim Hlth Labs, S Perth, WA 6151, Australia. RP Cook, D (reprint author), USDA ARS Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM daniel.cook@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 EI 1520-6025 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 76 IS 10 BP 1984 EP 1988 DI 10.1021/np400274n PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 243ME UT WOS:000326319700023 PM 24053110 ER PT J AU White, CL Schuler, KL Thomas, NJ Webb, JL Saliki, JT Ip, HS Dubey, JP Frame, ER AF White, C. LeAnn Schuler, Krysten L. Thomas, Nancy J. Webb, Julie L. Saliki, Jeremiah T. Ip, Hon S. Dubey, J. P. Frame, Elizabeth R. TI PATHOGEN EXPOSURE AND BLOOD CHEMISTRY IN THE WASHINGTON, USA POPULATION OF NORTHERN SEA OTTERS (ENHYDRA LUTRIS KENYONI) SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Biotoxins; Brucella; influenza; Leptospira; morbillivirus; Sarcocystis neurona; Toxoplasma gondii ID PHOCA-VITULINA-RICHARDSI; CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES; MARINE MAMMALS; MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; BRUCELLA-PINNIPEDIALIS; SARCOCYSTIS-NEURONA; CLINICAL PATHOLOGY; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; COXIELLA-BURNETII AB Northern sea otters (Enhydra harts kenyoni) from Washington State, United States were evaluated in 2011 to determine health status and pathogen exposure. Antibodies to Brucella spp. (10%) and influenza A virus (23%) were detected for the first time in this population in 2011. Changes in clinical pathology values (serum chemistries), exposure to pathogens, and overall health of the population over the last decade were assessed by comparing 2011 data to the data collected on this population in 2001-2002. Several serum chemistry parameters were different between study years and sexes but were not clinically significant. The odds of canine distemper virus exposure were higher for otters sampled in 2001-2002 (80%) compared to 2011 (10%); likelihood of exposure significantly increased with age. Prevalence of exposure to Sarcocystis neurona was also higher in 2001-2002 (29%) than in 2011 (0%), but because testing methods varied between study years the results were not directly comparable. Exposure to Leptospira spp. was only observed in 2001-2002. Odds of Toxoplasma gondii exposure were higher for otters sampled in 2011 (97%) than otters in 2001-2002 (58%). Substantial levels of domoic acid (n=2) and saxitoxin (n=2) were found in urine or fecal samples from animals sampled in 2011. No evidence of calicivirus or Coxiella burnetii exposure in the Washington population of northern sea otters was found in either 2001-2002 or 2011. Changes in exposure status from 2001-2002 to 2011 suggest that the Washington sea otter population may be dealing with new disease threats (e.g., influenza) while also increasing their susceptibility to diseases that may be highly pathogenic in naive individuals (e.g., canine distemper). C1 [White, C. LeAnn; Schuler, Krysten L.; Thomas, Nancy J.; Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Webb, Julie L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Saliki, Jeremiah T.] Univ Georgia, Athens Vet Diagnost Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Frame, Elizabeth R.] NOAA, Environm Conservat Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP White, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM clwhite@usgs.gov FU US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, Division of Listing and Recovery [4500029854 (13320-A-H008)]; US Geological Service-National Wildlife Health Center FX This project was supported by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, Division of Listing and Recovery, Interagency Agreement 4500029854 (13320-A-H008). Additional support was provided by US Geological Service-National Wildlife Health Center. Sample collection was done in collaboration with the US Geological Survey-Alaska Science Center and Monterey Bay Aquarium. We thank J. Bodkin, M. Murray, G. Esslinger, B. Weitzman, B. Hatfield, M. Kenner, and J. Tomeleoni for assistance with capture and sampling. We thank R. Hornsby, D. Lindsay, R. Ford, and A. Smith for assistance with testing and interpretation. We are grateful to D. Lynch for logistic support and V. Shearn-Bochsler for review of earlier drafts of the manuscript. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 38 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 887 EP 899 DI 10.7589/2013-03-053 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400011 PM 24502716 ER PT J AU McCollum, M Rhyan, J Coburn, S Ewalt, D Lahr, C Nol, P Keefe, T Kimberling, C Salman, M AF McCollum, Matt Rhyan, Jack Coburn, Sarah Ewalt, Darla Lahr, Carrie Nol, Pauline Keefe, Thomas Kimberling, Cleon Salman, Mo TI CLINICAL, CULTURE, SEROLOGY, AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OUTCOMES OF BIGHORN SHEEP EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH BRUCELLA OVIS SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Abortion; bighorn sheep; Brucella ovis; brucellosis; epididymitis; orchitis; Ovis canadensis ID RAMS; ASSOCIATION; EWES AB Disease caused by Brucella ovis has not been previously reported in bighorn sheep (BHS; Ovis canadensis canadensis). Antibodies to B. ovis, however, are occasionally detected in free-ranging BHS, and this has been a concern for managers involved in translocation programs. To investigate the pathogenesis of B. ovis infection in this species, 20 BHS (10 male, 10 female) were inoculated intraconjunctivally (IC) with 5.4 X 10(8) colony forming units (cfu) B. ovis. Six BHS (three male, three female) received 1 mL phosphate-buffered saline IC and served as in-contact control animals, and eight BHS (one male, seven female) received 1 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) IC and served as noncontact controls. In addition, 14 domestic sheep (Ovis aries, nine male, five female) were inoculated IC with 5.4 X 10(8) cfu B. ovis (positive controls), and five domestic sheep (three male, two female) received 1 mL PBS IC (contact controls). All domestic sheep were housed separately from BHS. Bighorn sheep experimentally infected with B. ovis became antibody and culture positive and developed clinical signs of B. ovis infection including abortion and epididymal and testicular swelling. Lesions in BHS were consistent with, and in some cases more severe, than those observed in domestic sheep. Antibodies against B. ovis were detected within 4 wk postinoculation and remained positive until the end of the study. These findings have important implications for BHS management. C1 [McCollum, Matt; Rhyan, Jack; Coburn, Sarah; Nol, Pauline] Vet Serv, Wildlife Livestock Dis Invest Team, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [McCollum, Matt; Salman, Mo] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ewalt, Darla] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Vet Serv Lab, Vet Serv, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Lahr, Carrie] Rocky Mt Reg Anim Hlth Lab, Denver, CO 80211 USA. [Keefe, Thomas] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kimberling, Cleon] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP McCollum, M (reprint author), Vet Serv, Wildlife Livestock Dis Invest Team, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Matt.McCollum@aphis.usda.gov FU Animal Population Health Institute, Colorado State University; Foundation for North American Wild Sheep FX We thank several individuals who contributed time, expertise, and hard work to the completion of this project. The Animal Population Health Institute, Colorado State University, and the Foundation for North American Wild Sheep provided funding. K. Held at the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA APHIS) Veterinary Services, R. Thompson, and D. Miller at Colorado State University assisted with all aspects of animal handling, sampling, and sample processing. J. George and M. Vierra, and many other Colorado Division of Wildlife personnel assisted with equipment and sampling. S. Templin-Hladky (USDA APHIS Wildlife Services) Conducted IHC tissue staining. Many others at the National Wildlife Research Center and the Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health assisted with sample collection. Mark Drew with Idaho Game and Fish and Neil Anderson with Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks allowed us access to unpublished data or personal communications. T. Spraker with Colorado State University helped with sample collection and with editing and revising. S. Olsen with the National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, provided a primary rabbit antiserum to B. ovis for use in IHC staining. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 900 EP 910 DI 10.7589/2012-02-061 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400012 PM 24502717 ER PT J AU Oesterle, PT Huyvaert, KP Orahood, D Mooers, N Sullivan, H Franklin, AB Root, JJ AF Oesterle, Paul T. Huyvaert, Kathryn P. Orahood, Darcy Mooers, Nicole Sullivan, Heather Franklin, Alan B. Root, J. Jeffrey TI FAILURE OF TRANSMISSION OF LOW-PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS BETWEEN MALLARDS AND FRESHWATER SNAILS: AN EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Anas platyrhynchos; avian influenza; Mallards; Physa snails; transmission; environmental persistence; water ID PULMONATE SNAILS; RESIDENT DUCKS; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; PERSISTENCE; FOODS; TEXAS AB In aquatic bird populations, the ability of avian influenza (AI) viruses to remain infectious in water for extended periods provides a mechanism that allows viral transmission to occur long after shedding birds have left the area. However, this also exposes other aquatic organisms, including freshwater invertebrates, to AI viruses. Previous researchers found that AI viral RNA can be sequestered in snail tissues. Using an experimental approach, we determined whether freshwater snails (Physa acuta and Physa gyrina) can infect waterfowl with AI viruses by serving as a means of transmission between infected and naive waterfowl via ingestion. In our first experiment, we exposed 20 Physa spp. snails to an AI virus (H3N8) and inoculated embryonated specific pathogen free (SPF) chicken eggs with the homogenized snail tissues. Sequestered AI viruses remain infectious in snail tissues; 10% of the exposed snail tissues infected SPF eggs. In a second experiment, we exposed snails to water contaminated with feces of AI virus inoculated Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) to evaluate whether ingestion of exposed freshwater snails was an alternate route of AI virus transmission to waterfowl. None of the immunologically naive Mallards developed an infection, indicating that transmission via ingestion likely did not occur. Our results suggest that this particular trophic interaction may not play an important role in the transmission of AI viruses in aquatic habitats. C1 [Oesterle, Paul T.; Orahood, Darcy; Mooers, Nicole; Sullivan, Heather; Franklin, Alan B.; Root, J. Jeffrey] Wildlife Serv, USDA, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Oesterle, Paul T.; Huyvaert, Kathryn P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Oesterle, PT (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM pauloesterle@uga.edu RI Huyvaert, Kathryn/A-2710-2009 OI Huyvaert, Kathryn/0000-0003-3302-030X NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 911 EP 919 DI 10.7589/2012-04-111 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400013 PM 24502718 ER PT J AU Baeten, LA Pappert, R Young, J Schriefer, ME Gidlewski, T Kohler, D Bowen, RA AF Baeten, Laurie A. Pappert, Ryan Young, John Schriefer, Martin E. Gidlewski, Thomas Kohler, Dennis Bowen, Richard A. TI IMMUNOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL RESPONSE OF COYOTES (CANIS LATRANS) TO EXPERIMENTAL INOCULATION WITH YERSINIA PESTIS SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Canis latrans; coyote; plague; serology; Yersinia pestis ID EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; HUMAN PLAGUE; MAMMALIAN CARNIVORES; DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; BUBONIC PLAGUE; VECTOR; SEROPREVALENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; EXPOSURE AB Multiple publications have reported the use of coyotes (Canis latrans) in animal-based surveillance efforts for the detection of Yersinia pestis. Coyotes are likely exposed via flea bite or oral routes and are presumed to be resistant to the development of clinical disease. These historic data have only been useful for the evaluation of the geographic distribution of Y. pestis in the landscape. Because the canid immunologic response to Y. pestis has not been thoroughly characterized, we conducted experimental inoculation of captive-reared, juvenile coyotes (n=8) with Y. pestis CO92 via oral or intradermal routes. We measured the humoral response to Y. pestis fraction 1 capsular protein (anti-F1) and found a significant difference between inoculation groups in magnitude and duration of antibody production. The anti-F1 titers in animals exposed intradermally peaked at day 10 postinoculation (PI; range=1:32 to 1:128) with titers remaining stable at 1:32 through week 12. In contrast, orally inoculated animals developed higher titers (range=1:256 to 1:1,024) that remained stable at 1:256 to 1:512 through week 6. No clinical signs of disease were observed, and minimal changes were noted in body temperature, white blood cell counts, and acute phase proteins during the 7 days PI. Gross pathology was unremarkable, and minimal changes were noted in histopathology at days 3 and 7 PI. Rechallenge at 14 wk PI via similar dosage and routes resulted in marked differences in antibody response between groups. Animals in the orally inoculated group produced a striking increase in anti-F1 titers (up to 1:4,096) within 3 days, whereas there was minimal to no increase in antibody response in the intradermal group. Information gathered from this experimental trial may provide additional insight into the spatial and temporal evaluation of coyote plague serology. C1 [Baeten, Laurie A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Pappert, Ryan; Young, John; Schriefer, Martin E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gidlewski, Thomas; Kohler, Dennis] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Baeten, LA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, 1644 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Laurie.Baeten@colostate.edu FU USDA-APHIS-WS-National Wildlife Disease Program; Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Biomedical Research Training Grant [T32 NRSA 7072-9]; USDA-APHIS-WS-NWRC-Predator Field Station FX We are grateful to Jeret Benson, Angela Bosco-Lauth, Paul Gordy, Elisa French, Ann Tolnay, and Natalie Cleton, who provided assistance with animal care; Nicole Marlenee for technical assistance; James zumBrunnen for the statistical analysis; Sarah Bevins for the graphics; Christopher Paddock for the immunohistochemistry; Terry Spraker for his histologic expertise; and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful edits. The procedures used in the housing, handling, and sampling of coyotes were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Colorado State University (protocol 10-1751). Funding for this project was provided by USDA-APHIS-WS-National Wildlife Disease Program and Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Biomedical Research Training Grant (T32 NRSA 7072-9). The authors extend special thanks to the USDA-APHIS-WS-NWRC-Predator Field Station for providing training, support, and the captive-bred coyotes used in this study. The opinions and assertions made in this report are solely those of the authors and do not represent those of the CDC or USDA-APHIS. Use of trade or product names does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 932 EP 939 DI 10.7589/2013-02-040 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400015 PM 24502720 ER PT J AU Cross, TA Arsnoe, DM Minnis, RB King, DT Swafford, S Pedersen, K Owen, JC AF Cross, Tiffanie A. Arsnoe, D. M. Minnis, R. B. King, D. T. Swafford, S. Pedersen, K. Owen, J. C. TI PREVALENCE OF AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS 1 AND AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS IN DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS (PHALACROCORAX AURITUS) IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza virus; avian paramyxovirus-1; Double-crested Cormorants; Great Lakes region; Newcastle disease; Phalacrocorax auritus; seroprevalence ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE-VIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; UNITED-STATES; WILD BIRDS; A VIRUS; CHICKENS; ANTIBODY; SASKATCHEWAN; MIGRATION; PATTERNS AB Although it is well established that wild birds, such as cormorants, carry virulent avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1; causative agent of Newcastle disease) and avian influenza virus (ATV), the prevalence of these viruses among Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in the Great Lakes region of North America has not been rigorously studied. We determined the prevalences of APMV-1 and AIV in Double-crested Cormorants from the interior population of eastern North America. From 2009 to 2011, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs and serum samples were collected from 1,957 individual Double-crested Cormorants, ranging from chicks to breeding adults, on breeding colony sites in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Mississippi, USA, and Ontario, Canada, as well as on the wintering grounds of migratory populations in Mississippi, USA. Prevalence of antibodies to APMV-1 in after hatch year birds was consistently high across all three years, ranging from 86.3% to 91.6%. Antibody prevalences in chicks were much lower: 1.7, 15.3, and 16.4% in 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. Virulent APMV-1 was detected in six chicks sampled in 2010 in Ontario, Canada. Only one adult was positive for AIV-specific antibodies and five individuals were positive for AIV matrix protein, but the latter were negative for H5 and H7 AIV subtypes. We provide further evidence that Double-crested Cormorants play an important role in the maintenance and circulation of APMV-1 in the wild, but are unlikely to be involved in the circulation of AIV. C1 [Cross, Tiffanie A.; Arsnoe, D. M.; Owen, J. C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cross, Tiffanie A.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Point Adams Res Stn, Hammond, OR 97121 USA. [Arsnoe, D. M.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Okemos, MI 48864 USA. [Minnis, R. B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Conservat Training Ctr, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA. [King, D. T.] Mississippi State Univ, USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Mississippi F, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Swafford, S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Columbia, MO 65202 USA. [Pedersen, K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Owen, J. C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Owen, JC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM owenj@msu.edu FU USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services through the Berryman Institute FX Funding was provided by the USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services through the Berryman Institute to J.C.O. and R.B.M. The following individuals provided field, laboratory, and/or logistical support: T. Aderman, C. Barattini, F. Cunningham, S. Elbin, S. Elliot, P. Fioranelli, K. Hanson-Dorr, L. Heyens, E. Johnston, J. Landgraf, S. Lemmons, S. Lockhart, D. Marks, J. McNulty, M. Meeker, D. Moore, B. Muter, A. Nakamura, E. Olsen, J. Pedersen, S. Privett, N. Spa la, C. Weseloh, and A. Wise. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 17 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 965 EP 977 DI 10.7589/2012-06-164 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400019 PM 24502724 ER PT J AU Bevins, S Blizzard, E Bazan, L Whitley, P AF Bevins, Sarah Blizzard, Emily Bazan, Luis Whitley, Pat TI Neospora caninum Exposure in Overlapping Populations of Coyotes (Canis latrans) and Feral Swine (Sus scrofa) SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Canine; coccidian; feral swine; Neospora; surveillance ID BEEF-CALVES; CATTLE; SEROPREVALENCE; DOGS; CALIFORNIA; INFECTION; ANTIBODY; RANCH; DAIRY AB Limited information exists on Neospora caninum transmission dynamics in wildlife. This coccidian parasite, whose presence can lead to substantial economic losses in cattle operations, requires a canid definitive host for reproduction. We examined exposure in a definitive host, coyotes (Canis latrans), and in overlapping populations of feral swine (Sus scrofa) to determine if spatial proximity between a definitive and incidental host influences the likelihood of parasite exposure. Eighteen percent of coyotes (95% confidence interval [CI]=14.2-21.8) and 15.8% of feral swine (95% CI=12.5-19.2) had been exposed to N. caninum, and this is the first report of exposure in US feral swine populations. Analyses suggest that the parasite is present throughout the environment and that exposure is not temporally or spatially linked to antibody-positive coyotes. Antibody-positive feral swine were found in an area where the only definitive host is domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), indicating that wild canids are not required to maintain the parasite in the environment. C1 [Bevins, Sarah; Blizzard, Emily] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bevins, Sarah; Blizzard, Emily] APHIS, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bazan, Luis] Wildlife Serv Texas, USDA, APHIS, San Antonio, TX 78269 USA. [Whitley, Pat] Wildlife Serv Oklahoma, USDA, APHIS, Durant, OK 74701 USA. RP Bevins, S (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Sarah.Bevins@colostate.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1028 EP 1032 DI 10.7589/2013-02-034 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400030 PM 24502735 ER PT J AU Root, JJ Hopken, MW Gidlewski, T Piaggio, AJ AF Root, J. Jeffrey Hopken, Matthew W. Gidlewski, Thomas Piaggio, Antoinette J. TI Cottontail Rabbit Papillomavirus Infection in a Desert Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii) from Colorado, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; SHOPE AB A wild-caught desert cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus audubonii) from Colorado was observed to have large, pedunculated, dark cutaneous lesions on its abdomen and cylindrical masses on its mouth. Morphologically, the masses were consistent with previous reports of virally induced papillomas Subsequent DNA analysis indicated widespread infection with cottontail rabbit papillomavirus. C1 [Root, J. Jeffrey; Hopken, Matthew W.; Piaggio, Antoinette J.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gidlewski, Thomas] USDA, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Root, JJ (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jeff.root@aphis.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture FX We thank numerous individuals at the National Wild life Research Center (NWRC) for assistance. Funding for this work was provided by the US Department of Agriculture. The opinions and conclusions of this article are those of the authors and do necessarily represent those of the US Department of Agriculture. The mention of commercial products and herein is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement or censure. Animal husbandry techniques and methods were approved by the NWRC Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1060 EP 1062 DI 10.7589/2013-02-033 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400037 PM 24502742 ER PT J AU Rohrer, GA Brown-Brandl, T Rempel, LA Schneider, JF Holl, J AF Rohrer, G. A. Brown-Brandl, T. Rempel, L. A. Schneider, J. F. Holl, J. TI Genetic analysis of behavior traits in swine production SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Behavior; Genetic parameters; Performance; Pigs ID RESIDUAL FEED-INTAKE; TAURUS BEEF-CATTLE; GROWING PIGS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; FINISHING PIGS; INTAKE PATTERN; ASSOCIATION; POPULATIONS; PARAMETERS; SELECTION AB Estimates of genetic parameters related to pig behavior under stressful situations are required before selection programs can be designed to produce more docile pigs. Pig behavior was evaluated in a pedigreed Landrace-Duroc-Yorkshire composite population. Piglets were evaluated for their response to handling at 1 d of age (n = 11069), being placed on their back for 60 s at similar to 24 d of age (n=975), and being confined in a scale while backfat measurements were being collected (n=9035). Feeding behavior was monitored in a growing-finishing facility (n= 1162) including preferences for feeding positions. Feeders were placed along a fence with one end adjacent to a gate (gate-end) and the other end open. An animal model was fitted to the data using WOMBAT where litter was included for d 1 activity scores and backtest traits. Fixed effects of sex, pen/year-season/date of collection in all analyses along with scorer (d 1 activity score) and a covariate of age (d 154 weight and backfat). Multiple trait models were fit to estimate genetic covariances among traits. All estimates of heritability were significantly different than zero. Activity scores and backtest traits had the lowest estimates of heritability (0.15 similar to 0.19), measures of feeding behavior were more variable (0.16-0.60) while production data had high heritabilities (> 05). Genomic heritability estimates were similar to standard heritability estimates for most traits, except traits measured at a young age. All traits measured during the backtest had strong genetic correlations and similar estimated heritability. Among feeding behavior traits, number of meals/d and average meal length were highly correlated with total daily meal time. In addition, animals that preferred to eat alone avoided the open-end position at the feeder. The only behavioral traits with genetic correlations significantly different from zero with production traits were associated with feeding behavior where animals that ate longer meals and spent more time at the feeder/d tended to be heavier and fatter at 154 d. In addition, animals that ate more meals/d were fatter and animals that preferred the gate-end position of the feeder were heavier. Pigs with more reactive personalities tended to eat fewer meals/d, each longer in duration, and they preferred the gate-end feeder position. The measures of pig behavior studied were heritable and selection for more docile pigs should not have large detrimental effects on performance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rohrer, G. A.; Brown-Brandl, T.; Rempel, L. A.; Schneider, J. F.; Holl, J.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Rohrer, GA (reprint author), POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Gary.Rohrer@ars.usda.gov; Tami.BrownBrandl@ars.usda.gov; Lea.Rempel@ars.usda.gov; Jim.Schneider@ars.usda.gov; Justin.Holl@genusplc.com FU USDA CRIS Project [5438-31000-083-00D, 5438-32630-006-00D] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dale Janssen, Wayne Peshek and Deb Louden for evaluating activity scores, all animal caretakers at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's swine production unit, and Linda Parnell for manuscript preparation. Funding for this study was provided by USDA CRIS Project nos. 5438-31000-083-00D and 5438-32630-006-00D. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 EI 1878-0490 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 157 IS 1 BP 28 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.07.002 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 236ZM UT WOS:000325838000004 ER PT J AU McDonnell, TC Sullivan, TJ Cosby, BJ Jackson, WA Elliott, KJ AF McDonnell, T. C. Sullivan, T. J. Cosby, B. J. Jackson, W. A. Elliott, K. J. TI Effects of Climate, Land Management, and Sulfur Deposition on Soil Base Cation Supply in National Forests of the Southern Appalachian Mountains SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Base cation; Acidification; Forest productivity; Appalachian Mountains; MAGIC ID MODELING STREAM ACIDIFICATION; CRITICAL ACID LOADS; UNITED-STATES; SUGAR MAPLE; AFFORESTED CATCHMENTS; ORGANIC-ACIDS; AIR-POLLUTION; NITROGEN; GROWTH; CHEMISTRY AB Forest soils having low exchangeable calcium (Ca) and other nutrient base cation (BC) reserves may induce nutrient deficiencies in acid-sensitive plants and impact commercially important tree species. Past and future depletion of soil BC in response to acidic sulfur (S) deposition, forest management, and climate change alter the health and productivity of forest trees. This study used a process model (Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments [MAGIC]) to address a number of questions related to soil BC status for a group of 65 streams and their watersheds in the southern Blue Ridge physiographic province of the southern Appalachian Mountains. Future S deposition to the study watersheds used for the Base Scenario was specified according to proposed reductions in S emissions at the time of this study, representing a reduction of 42 % of ambient S deposition by 2020. Twenty additional simulations were considered, reflecting four alternate S deposition scenarios (6 %, 58 %, 65 %, and 78 % reduction), and various changes in timber harvest, temperature, and precipitation. Base Scenario soil exchangeable Ca and % base saturation showed decreasing trends from 1860 to 2100. Changes in tree harvesting had the largest effect on stream sum of base cations (SBC) and soil BC supply. Each of the scenario projections indicated that median year 2100 soil exchangeable Ca will be at least 20 % lower than pre-industrial values. The simulations suggested that substantial mass loss of soil BC has already occurred since pre-industrial times. Nearly the same magnitude of BC loss is expected to occur over the next 145 years, even under relatively large additional future reductions in S deposition. C1 [McDonnell, T. C.; Sullivan, T. J.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Cosby, B. J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Jackson, W. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. [Elliott, K. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC USA. RP McDonnell, TC (reprint author), E&S Environm Chem Inc, POB 609, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. EM todd.mcdonnell@esenvironmental.com RI Cosby, Bernard/B-5653-2012 FU USDA Forest Service FX Support for this work was provided by the USDA Forest Service, through a contract to E&S Environmental Chemistry, Inc. This manuscript has not been subjected to agency review, and no official endorsement is implied. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 224 IS 10 AR 1733 DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1733-8 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 239UR UT WOS:000326051700013 ER PT J AU Oliveira, RS Koskinen, WC Graff, CD Anderson, JL Mulla, DJ Nater, EA Alonso, DG AF Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr. Koskinen, William C. Graff, Carrie D. Anderson, James L. Mulla, David J. Nater, Edward A. Alonso, Diego G. TI Acetochlor Persistence in Surface and Subsurface Soil Samples SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Degradation; Herbicide; Half-life; Acetanilides ID GROUND-WATER; DISSIPATION; HERBICIDE; DEGRADATION; ATRAZINE; FIELD; PESTICIDES; ACETANILIDE; METOLACHLOR; METABOLITES AB Although degradation data for herbicides are essential in understanding their potential to be contaminants and are indispensable inputs in computer-based modeling of their fate in environment, most available data only concern surface soils. Soil samples, collected at two depths from four representative sites of a 31.4-ha field located in Blue Earth County, MN, USA, were used to determine acetochlor dissipation under laboratory conditions. A field study was also carried out within a 16-ha watershed in Dakota County, MN, USA, where 38 locations were sampled to obtain sample representative of the full range of soil properties found within the watershed. Acetochlor DT50 values ranged from 6.51 to 13.9 days for surface soils and from 20.3 to 26.7 days for subsurface soils. DT90 values were a factor of four times longer than for DT50 values. Field DT50 values for acetochlor dissipation were not significantly different for the 2 years, 5.7 +/- 2.5 and 7.7 +/- 4.5 days. Dissipation was slightly faster in the field as compared to the laboratory; however, the difference seems insignificant in view of the wide range in soil properties in Minnesota. In both studies, acetochlor would be classified as slightly persistent. For acetochlor, laboratory dissipation studies can be considered representative of field dissipation for the soils and climatic conditions in this study. Inclusion of subsoil degradation data in mathematical models used for ground water risk assessment may improve their capability of predicting potential movement of acetochlor to groundwater. C1 [Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr.; Alonso, Diego G.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Nucleo Estudos Avancados Ciencia Plantas Daninhas, Dept Agron, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Koskinen, William C.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Graff, Carrie D.; Anderson, James L.; Mulla, David J.; Nater, Edward A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Oliveira, RS (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Nucleo Estudos Avancados Ciencia Plantas Daninhas, Dept Agron, Av Colombo 5790, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM rsojunior@uem.br RI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/H-1680-2012 OI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/0000-0002-5222-8010 FU University of Minnesota FX The authors would like to thank CAPES, CNPq (Brazil), and the Center of Agricultural Impacts on Water Quality, University of Minnesota for partial financial support and Brian Barber for his technical support in GC analysis. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 224 IS 10 DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1747-2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 239UR UT WOS:000326051700026 ER PT J AU Prestemon, JP Abt, KL Potter, KM Koch, FH AF Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Abt, Karen L. Potter, Kevin M. Koch, Frank H. TI An Economic Assessment of Mountain Pine Beetle Timber Salvage in the West SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE insects; wood products; markets; epidemic; spatial equilibrium ID SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS; NATURAL CATASTROPHE; DOMINATED FORESTS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FUEL TREATMENTS; MARKET IMPACTS; UNITED-STATES; PRICE; FIRE; EQUILIBRIUM AB The mountain pine beetle has killed lodgepole pine and other species of pines in the western United States in an ongoing epidemic. The most heavily affected states are in the interior West: Colorado, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, with smaller losses elsewhere. Timber salvage is one response to the epidemic, which could generate revenues for affected landowners and provide wood to forest product manufacturers and, potentially, energy producers. Salvage is occurring, but policymakers have advocated greater rates of such timber removals. To estimate total costs and revenues from salvage and thereby illuminate the economic dimensions of greater salvage removals, we simulated alternative salvage intensity levels on national forests and on other public and private lands where dead standing timber could be potentially recovered and entered into product markets. Data indicate that 19.7 billion cubic feet of standing dead timber are potentially available for salvage, distributed across 20.3 million acres in 12 western states. Simulations on national forests and on lands under other ownerships indicate that positive net revenues (revenues minus costs) could be produced in states with active timber markets on the West Coast and in the northern Rockies, where timber prices would be less depressed by the introduction of large salvage volumes. The central Rocky Mountain states of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming, which have the largest percentage volume and acreage impacts from salvable standing dead timber, would not generate profitable timber salvage. Simulations of a hypothetical doubling of demand in Colorado and Montana leave Colorado with smaller losses and Montana with larger gains. C1 [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.; Abt, Karen L.; Koch, Frank H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Potter, Kevin M.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Prestemon, JP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jprestemon@fs.fed.us; kabt@fs.fed.us; kevinpotter@fs.fed.us; fhkoch@fs.fed.us OI Koch, Frank/0000-0002-3750-4507; Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345 FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station [10-JV-11330146-064, 11-JV-11330146-090]; North Carolina State University [10-JV-11330146-064, 11-JV-11330146-090] FX We are grateful to Frederick W Cubbage, Linda L. Langner, and Kurt Niquidet for their thoughtful reviews of the manuscript and to Frank Sapio and Mark Ambrose for helpful discussions regarding data used in this study. This work was supported in part through Research Joint Venture Agreements 10-JV-11330146-064 and 11-JV-11330146-090 between the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, and North Carolina State University. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 EI 1938-3770 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 28 IS 4 BP 143 EP 153 DI 10.5849/wjaf.12-032 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 245TQ UT WOS:000326487100002 ER PT J AU Cerise, LM Page-Dumroese, DS McDaniel, P Mayn, C Heinse, R AF Cerise, Luke M. Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. McDaniel, Paul Mayn, Cole Heinse, Robert TI Productivity and Soil Properties 45 Years After Timber Harvest and Mechanical Site Preparation in Western Montana SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE terracing; terracettes; soil management; site productivity; dozer piling ID ROCKY FOREST SOILS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; AFFORESTATION; TERRACES AB Site preparation following timber harvests is widely used to increase seedling establishment postharvest. Historically, dozer piling and ripping were the most common forms of site preparation in the Intermountain West. Less commonly, terracing of hill slopes was another form of site preparation on the Bitterroot National Forest in western Montana from 1961-1970 on marginally productive lands. Our objective was to compare soil physical and chemical properties as well as timber productivity as evidenced by diameter-at-breast height (dbh) between terraced and standard-site preparation methods as well as unharvested stands. We collected and analyzed soil samples for bulk density, mineral cations, total C, total N, organic matter, particle size, and pH, forest floor measurements, tree dbh, and ground cover. Even after 45 years, visual soil disturbance in site-prepared stands was still observable with a majority of sites having some degree of compaction or rutting damage. Many soil chemical and physical properties were not significantly different among the two site treatments and the unharvested control stands. However, soil organic matter was significantly lower in the terraced and standard site-prepared stands than in the unharvested stands. Ponderosa pine dbh was greater in the terraced stands than in the nonterraced stands, but understory species diversity was low. The loss of surface soil organic matter and understory species associated with both forms of site preparation is a concern for future forest management. Leaving forest residue during harvest operations, limiting travel routes during management operations, and minimizing forest floor displacement may allow for limited soil impacts on future site-prepared stands. C1 [Cerise, Luke M.] Univ Idaho, USDA Forest Serv, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.; Mayn, Cole] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [McDaniel, Paul; Heinse, Robert] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Cerise, LM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, USDA Forest Serv, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM ceri0031@vandals.uidaho.edu; ddumroese@fs.fed.us; paulm@uidaho.edu; cmayn@fs.fed.us; rheinse@uidaho.edu RI McDaniel, Paul/A-8954-2009 FU National Science Foundation [EPS-0, 814, 387]; USDA Forest Service Northern Region FX We would like to thank Joanne Tirocke and the other employees at the Rocky Mountain Research Station in Moscow, Idaho fir all their help and support with lab analysis, statistical consultation, and use of facilities. We are grateful to the Theresa Jain and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. This publication was made possible in part by the NSF Idaho EPSCoR Program and by the National Science Foundation under award number EPS-0,814,387. The authors are also grateful to the USDA Forest Service Northern Region for their financial and logistical support of this project. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 EI 1938-3770 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 28 IS 4 BP 158 EP 165 DI 10.5849/wjaf.12-013 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 245TQ UT WOS:000326487100004 ER PT J AU Fidgen, JG Kittelson, NT Eckberg, T Doccola, J Randall, C AF Fidgen, Jeffrey G. Kittelson, Neal T. Eckberg, Tom Doccola, Joe Randall, Carol TI Emamectin Benzoate Reduces Defoliation by Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Three Host Species SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE western spruce budworm; stem injection; TREE-age; polyphagous; budworm ID WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM; SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDES; LOBLOLLY-PINE; DOUGLAS-FIR; GRAND FIR; TOXICITY; COLEOPTERA; EFFICACY; FORESTS; GROWTH AB Stem injections of insecticides are generally regarded as a safer and a more environmentally friendly option (compared to foliar sprays) for protecting high-value trees against insects in sensitive areas or near homes. We carried out a three year study to determine the efficacy of trunk injections of emamectin benzoate for protection of foliage of three common host species attacked by the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)., Defoliation by C. occidentalis was significantly reduced by nearly half over a 3-year period on treated compared to control grand fir, Douglas-fir, and alpine fir. Reduction of defoliation was comparable to standards used for aerial spraying (e.g., 50%) of conifer feeding budworms in Canada. C1 [Fidgen, Jeffrey G.] Nat Resources Canada, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Kittelson, Neal T.] Southern Arizona Buffelgrass Coordinat Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Eckberg, Tom] Idaho Dept Lands, Coeur Dalene, ID USA. [Doccola, Joe] Arborjet Inc, Woburn, MA USA. [Randall, Carol] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Fidgen, JG (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. EM jeff.fidgen@nrcan.gc.ca; neal.kittelson@buffelgrass.org; teckberg@idl.idaho.gov; JoeDoccola@arborjet.com; Crandall@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 EI 1938-3770 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 28 IS 4 BP 170 EP 173 DI 10.5849/wjaf.12-036 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 245TQ UT WOS:000326487100006 ER PT J AU Qu, GG Fetterer, R Jenkins, M Leng, L Shen, ZQ Murphy, C Han, WY Bucala, R Tuo, WB AF Qu, Guanggang Fetterer, Raymond Jenkins, Mark Leng, Lin Shen, Zhiqiang Murphy, Charles Han, Wenyu Bucala, Richard Tuo, Wenbin TI Characterization of Neospora caninum macrophage migration inhibitory factor SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Macrophage migration inhibitory factor; MIF; NcMIF; Tautomerase; CD74; Neospora caninum ID FACTOR MIF; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MALARIA PATIENTS; REGULATORY ROLE; FACTOR HOMOLOG; CYTOKINE AB The present study is the first characterization of Neospora caninum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (NcMIF). BLAST-N analysis of NcMIF revealed high similarity (87%) to the Toxoplasma gondii MIF. NcMIF was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli in 3 forms, NcMIF (mature protein), NcMIFm (mutation of proline-2 to glycine), and NcMIFhis (addition of a polyhistidine tag at the N-terminus). None of these recombinant NcMIFs (rNcMIF) had tautomerase, oxidoreductase, or immunologic regulatory activities. rNcMIF was unable to compete with recombinant human MIF for a MIF receptor (CD74), suggesting that NcMIF does not bind to this MIF receptor. The glycine substitution for proline-2 of NcMIF resulted in increased retention time on SEC-HPLC and decreased formation of dimers and trimers. The addition of N-terminal HIS-tag led to increased formation of trimers. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that NcMIF was localized to the apical end of N. caninum tachyzoites. Immunoelectron microscopy further revealed that NcMIF was present in the micronemes, rhoptries, dense granules, and nuclei. NcMIF was abundant in the tachyzoite lysate and present in excretory and secretory antigen (ESAg) preparations. Total and secretory NcMIF was more abundant in a non-pathologic clone, Ncts-8, than in the wild type isolate (NC1). Furthermore, NcMIF release by the both isolates was increased in the presence of calcium ionophore. This differential production of NcMIF by the pathologic and non-pathologic isolates of N. caninum may suggest a critical role of this molecule in the infectious pathogenesis of this parasite. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Qu, Guanggang; Fetterer, Raymond; Jenkins, Mark; Tuo, Wenbin] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Qu, Guanggang; Shen, Zhiqiang] Shangdong Binzhou Acad Anim Sci & Vet Med, Binzhou City 256600, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Leng, Lin; Bucala, Richard] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Murphy, Charles] ARS, Soybean Genet Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Han, Wenyu] Jilin Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. RP Tuo, WB (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Dept Agr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM wenbin.tuo@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; NIH [RO1AI042310]; Shandong Province Government; Shandong Binzhou Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, China FX Authors wish to thank Mr. Eli Miramontes and Ms. Ruth Barfield for technical assistance. Research was supported by USDA in-house funding (WT) and NIH RO1AI042310 (RB). Mr. Guanggang Qu was supported by the Shandong Province Government and Shandong Binzhou Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, China. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 EI 1090-2449 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 135 IS 2 BP 246 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.07.001 PG 11 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 239XA UT WOS:000326058100010 PM 23850997 ER PT J AU Everitt, JH Yang, CH Summy, K Nachtrieb, JG AF Everitt, James H. Yang, Chenghai Summy, Kenneth Nachtrieb, Julie G. TI Using hyperspectral reflectance data to assess biocontrol damage of giant salvinia SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE spectral signature; Salvinia molesta; stepwise discriminant analysis; least significant difference; biological control; hyperspectral reflectance; Crtobagous salviniae ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CYRTOBAGOUS-SALVINIAE; MOLESTA; VEGETATION; CURCULIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; TEXAS; WEED AB Field hyperspectral reflectance data were studied at 50 wavebands (10-nm bandwidth) over the 400- to 900-nm spectral range to determine their potential for distinguishing among giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta Mitchell) plants subjected to four population levels of salvinia weevils (Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands) to develop feeding damage to the plants. The four populations included a control with no insects and those with low, medium and high insect populations. The plants were studied in two experiments on each of two dates: 14 October 2010 and 21 July 2011. Two procedures were used to determine the optimum bands for discriminating among treatments: least significant difference (LSD) and stepwise discriminant analysis. The LSD comparison test results for both October and July experiments showed that generally the best bands for separating among treatments occurred in the green (505-595 nm), red (605-635 nm), red-near-infrared (NIR; 695-745 nm) edge and NIR (755-895 nm) regions where three to four treatments could be distinguished. Stepwise discriminant analysis identified four bands in the green, red and red-NIR edge to be significant to discriminate among the four treatments in Experiment 1 in October. For Experiment 2 in October, discriminant analysis identified five bands in the blue, green, red and NIR regions to be significant for distinguishing among the treatments. In Experiment 1 in July, five bands in the blue, green, red-NIR edge and NIR regions were found to be significant to discriminate among the treatments. For Experiment 2 in July, discriminant analysis identified four bands in the blue, green and red-NIR edge regions to be significant to discriminate among the treatments. C1 [Everitt, James H.] USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Yang, Chenghai] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Summy, Kenneth] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Nachtrieb, Julie G.] US Army Corp Engn Res, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM chenghai.yang@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 EI 1752-0762 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 28 IS 6 BP 502 EP 516 DI 10.1080/10106049.2012.724454 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 218AA UT WOS:000324403700003 ER PT J AU Gearhart, A Booth, DT Sedivec, K Schauer, C AF Gearhart, Amanda Booth, D. Terrance Sedivec, Kevin Schauer, Christopher TI Use of Kendall's coefficient of concordance to assess agreement among observers of very high resolution imagery SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE SamplePoint; rangeland monitoring; 1-mm GSD imagery; very large scale aerial imagery; grassland monitoring ID PLANT COVER; VEGETATION; RANGELAND; PLOTS AB Ground-based vegetation monitoring methods are expensive, time-consuming and limited in sample size. Aerial imagery is appealing to managers because of the reduced time and expense and the increase in sample size. One challenge of aerial imagery is detecting differences among observers of the same imagery. Six observers analysed a set of 1-mm ground sample distance aerial imagery for graminoid species composition and important ground-cover characteristics. Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) was used to measure agreement among observers. The group of six observers was concordant when assessed as a group. When each of the observers was assessed independently against the other five, lack of agreement was found for those graminoid species that were difficult to identify in the aerial images. C1 [Gearhart, Amanda] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Booth, D. Terrance] USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Sedivec, Kevin] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Schauer, Christopher] N Dakota State Univ, Hettinger Res Extens Ctr, Hettinger, ND 58639 USA. RP Gearhart, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM amandag@uidaho.edu NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 EI 1752-0762 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 28 IS 6 BP 517 EP 526 DI 10.1080/10106049.2012.725775 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 218AA UT WOS:000324403700004 ER PT J AU Sealey, WM Barrows, FT Smith, CE Wacyk, JM Powell, MS Hardy, RW Shelden, EA AF Sealey, Wendy M. Barrows, Frederic T. Smith, Charles E. Wacyk, Jurij M. Powell, Madison S. Hardy, Ronald W. Shelden, Eric A. TI Heat Shock Protein Regulation in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, is Altered by Dietary Soybean Meal Inclusion and Anti-Phopholipase A(2) Antibody SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); INDUCED ENTERITIS; DISTAL INTESTINE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; EXPRESSION; FISH; STRESS; HSP27 AB Heat shock proteins (Hsps) can promote integrity of damaged intestinal epithelial tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a commercially available anti-phospholipase A(2) antibody on growth, feed efficiency, Hsp expression, and intestinal health of rainbow trout fed diets containing high levels of soybean meal (SBM). Six practical-type diets (45% protein; 15% fat) were formulated to contain 0, 17.5, or 35% SBM with and without antibody. Each diet was fed to three replicate tanks of fish (20 fish/tank; initial weight 21g) for 9wk. RNA was isolated from liver and intestinal tissues (n=3/tank) to detect alterations in Hsp 27, Hsp 70, and Hsp 90 expression. Fish fed a diet containing 35% SBM had decreased growth and intestinal damage. Hsp 27 and Hsp 90 mRNA was elevated in fish fed 35% SBM. Fish fed 35% SBM with antibody had lower Hsp 90 mRNA expression than fish without antibody. These data indicate that feeding rainbow trout high levels of SBM alters the expression of some Hsps and anti-phospholipase A(2) antibody supplementation does not normalize growth or prevent distal enteritis in fish fed 35% SBM. C1 [Sealey, Wendy M.; Wacyk, Jurij M.; Powell, Madison S.; Hardy, Ronald W.] Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Sealey, Wendy M.; Wacyk, Jurij M.; Powell, Madison S.; Hardy, Ronald W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Barrows, Frederic T.] USDA ARS, Trout Grains Project, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Smith, Charles E.] Aquaculture & Pathol Consulting, College Pl, WA 99324 USA. [Shelden, Eric A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sealey, WM (reprint author), Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, USFWS, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RI Wacyk, Jurij/B-6544-2014 OI Wacyk, Jurij/0000-0002-9044-2755 FU Washington State University/University of Idaho Aquaculture Initiative (CSREES) [2006-34468-16419] FX Funding for the study was provided, in part, by the Washington State University/University of Idaho Aquaculture Initiative (CSREES grant 2006-34468-16419). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the authors, the University of Idaho, the US Department of Agriculture, or the US Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 EI 1749-7345 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 44 IS 5 BP 655 EP 668 DI 10.1111/jwas.12074 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 239KQ UT WOS:000326022800004 ER PT J AU Zheng, HY Li, AY Fielden, LJ Liu, JZ Seshu, J de Leon, AAP AF Zheng, Hongyuan Li, Andrew Y. Fielden, Laura J. Liu, Jingze Seshu, Janakiram de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez TI Effects of permethrin and amitraz on gas exchange and water loss in unfed adult females of Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) SO PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lone star tick; Metabolism; Acaricide; Water balance; Carbon dioxide ID BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS ACARI; OCTOPAMINE RECEPTORS; RHIPICEPHALUS-SANGUINEUS; INSECTICIDE MIXTURES; DOG TICK; RESISTANCE; PYRETHROIDS; MODE; FORMAMIDINES; DIPTERA AB Effects of two acaricides, permethrin and amitraz, with different modes of action, on gas exchange and water balance of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, were examined using a flow-through carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor analyzer. Untreated adult female ticks exhibited a distinct discontinuous gas exchange pattern (DGEP) with no measurable water loss. Similarly, ticks with acetone (a solvent) showed little change in gas exchange and water loss. Topical treatment of ticks with a lethal dose of permethrin caused immediate major water loss and long-lasting high frequency DGEP, with increased amplitude of CO2 release. A small water loss spike was observed for each CO2 release. Treatment of ticks with amitraz abolished the DGEP and elicited a long-lasting continuous gas exchange pattern, indicating significantly increased tick metabolism. No detectable water loss was observed during amitraz-elicited continuous gas exchange. Treatment of ticks with a mixture of sub-lethal doses of permethrin and amitraz caused a similar initial major water loss, as in permethrin-treated ticks, followed by a second period of water loss activity at 10-14 h after treatment. Mixture of the two acaricides caused immediate onset of major chaotic CO2 release activities with a significantly elevated baseline CO2 emission level. The standard metabolism rate (SMR, VCO2) of acetone-treated ticks (0.452 mu l h(-1)) was similar to that of the untreated ticks (0.461 mu l h(-1)). Compared to untreated control ticks, permethrin-, amitraz-, and the acaricide mixture-treated ticks exhibited significantly increased SMR (1.054, 1.392 and 1.520 mu l h(-1) respectively (P<0.05). Results obtained from this study clearly demonstrated the detrimental effects of permethrin and amitraz on CO2 gas exchange and water balance in A. americanum ticks. The data also revealed subtle differences between permethrin and amitraz in their effects on tick metabolism, specifically gas exchange and water loss. In addition, the study may provide insight into the modes of action of these two acaricides in tick physiology. The results may also help understand the mechanism of synergism between permethrin and amitraz that was reported previously in other ticks and insects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zheng, Hongyuan; Liu, Jingze] Hebei Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Anim Physiol Biochem & Mol Biol Hebei Pro, Shijiazhuang 050016, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Hongyuan; Li, Andrew Y.; de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Fielden, Laura J.] Truman State Univ, Dept Biol, Kirksville, MO USA. [Seshu, Janakiram] Univ Texas San Antonio, South Texas Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Seshu, Janakiram] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RP Li, AY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM Andrew.Li@ars.usda.gov FU China Scholarship Council FX We thank Drs. Kevin Temeyer and Ronald Davey and two anonymous reviewers for critical review of the manuscript, and DeEsta Hyatt and Darci Burchers for maintaining the tick colony. H.-Y. Zheng was supported by a scholarship from China Scholarship Council. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0048-3575 EI 1095-9939 J9 PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS JI Pest. Biochem. Physiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 107 IS 2 BP 153 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.pestbp.2012.12.004 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 241ZU UT WOS:000326208000001 ER PT J AU Washburn, BE Cisar, PJ DeVault, TL AF Washburn, Brian E. Cisar, Paul J. DeVault, Travis L. TI Wildlife strikes to civil helicopters in the US, 1990-2011 SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Airfields; Aviation accidents; Helicopter; Wildlife strikes ID AIRCRAFT; RANKING AB This paper examines wildlife strikes with civil helicopters within the US. Month and time of day, location, and other factors influenced the frequency of wildlife strikes with civil helicopters. Wildlife strikes occurred most frequently when the aircraft were traveling en route or engaged in terrain flight. Birds accounted for over 97% of the wildlife strikes where the animal was identified. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Washburn, Brian E.; DeVault, Travis L.] Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Cisar, Paul J.] US Army, Logist Div, Aberdeen Test Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Washburn, BE (reprint author), Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM brian.e.washburn@aphis.usda.gov FU US Department of Defense Legacy Resource Management Program FX We thank the US Department of Defense Legacy Resource Management Program for funding this project. We appreciate the encouragement, professional advice, and data access provided by the FAA. B. Blackwell, T. Seamans, and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. This manuscript reflects the views of the National Wildlife Research Center and does not necessarily reflect the views of the DoD Legacy Resource Management Program or the FAA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 24 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2013.06.004 PG 6 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 234TT UT WOS:000325667900011 ER PT J AU Wang, XP Verrill, S Lowell, E Ross, RJ Herian, VL AF Wang, Xiping Verrill, Steve Lowell, Eini Ross, Robert J. Herian, Vicki L. TI ACOUSTIC SORTING MODELS FOR IMPROVED LOG SEGREGATION SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Acoustic velocity; log diameter; log position; log sorting; lumber; modulus of elasticity; visual grade ID HIGHER NATURAL FREQUENCY; STANDING TREES; ELASTICITY MOE; RUPTURE MOR; MODULUS; LUMBER; QUALITY; PILE AB In this study, we examined three individual log measures (acoustic velocity, log diameter, and log vertical position in a tree) for their ability to predict average modulus of elasticity (MOE) and grade yield of structural lumber obtained from Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb. Franco]) logs. We found that log acoustic velocity only had a moderate correlation with average MOE of the lumber produced from the logs (R-2 = 0.40). Log diameter had a weak correlation with average lumber MOE (R-2 = 0.12). Log vertical position in a tree was found to have a relatively good relationship with lumber MOE (R-2 = 0.57). Our analysis also indicated that the combinations of log acoustic velocity and log diameter or log acoustic velocity and log position were better predictors of average lumber MOE and lumber visual grade yield than log acoustic velocity alone. For sorting best quality logs, multivariable models were more effective than the velocity-alone model; however, for sorting poorest quality logs, the velocity-alone model was as effective as multivariable models. C1 [Wang, Xiping; Verrill, Steve; Ross, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Lowell, Eini] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland, OR 97204 USA. RP Wang, XP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM xwang@fs.fed.us; sverrill@fs.fed.us; elowell@fs.fed.us; rjross@fs.fed.us; vicki@swst.org FU Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan; Fibre-gen, Inc., Christchurch, New Zealand FX This study was supported in part by funds provided by Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, and Fibre-gen, Inc., Christchurch, New Zealand. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 343 EP 352 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 240YJ UT WOS:000326133300002 ER PT J AU D'Souza, A Jolliffe, D AF D'Souza, Anna Jolliffe, Dean TI Conflict, food price shocks, and food insecurity: The experience of Afghan households SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE Afghanistan; Food security; Conflict; Nutrition; Poverty; Spatial distribution ID CIVIL-WAR AB Using nationally-representative household survey data and confidential geo-coded data on violent incidents, we examine the relationship between conflict and food insecurity in Afghanistan. Spatial mappings of the raw data reveal large variations in levels of food insecurity and conflict across the country; surprisingly, high conflict provinces are not the most food insecure. Using a simple bivariate regression model of conflict (violent incidents and persons killed or injured) on food security (calorie intake and the real value of food consumed), we find mixed associations. But once we move to a multivariate framework, accounting for household characteristics and key commodity prices, we find robust evidence that in Afghanistan levels of conflict and food security are negatively correlated. We also find that households in provinces with higher levels of conflict experience muted declines in food security due to staple food price increases relative tohouseholds in provinces with lower levels of conflict, perhaps because the former are more disconnected from markets. Gaining a better understanding of linkages between conflict and food insecurity and knowing their spatial distributions can serve to inform policymakers interested in targeting scarce resources to vulnerable populations, for example, through the placement of strategic grain reserves or targeted food assistance programs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [D'Souza, Anna] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Jolliffe, Dean] World Bank Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USA. RP D'Souza, A (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 355 E St NW,6-128-B, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM adsouza@ers.usda.gov; djolliffe@worldbank.org FU Australian Aid; Bank-Netherlands Partnership Program; World Bank's Research Support Budget FX The authors wish to thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor, as well as Amanullah Assil, Byron Ponce-Segura, Ismail Rahimi, Matt Shane, and Dan Sumner, for comments. Findings from this analysis provide background information for the World Bank's poverty assessment for Afghanistan, and have informed the Ministry of Economy, Government of Afghanistan (GoA). The authors are grateful to GoA Central Statistics Organization for granting access to the NRVA data and United Nations Department of Safety and Security for allowing access to their restricted incidents data. They also gratefully acknowledge financial support from Australian Aid, Bank-Netherlands Partnership Program and the World Bank's Research Support Budget. The views expressed here are those of the authors alone and may not necessarily represent those of ERS-USDA, the World Bank, IZA, or NPC. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 EI 1873-5657 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 BP 32 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.06.007 PG 16 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 235RO UT WOS:000325738600004 ER PT J AU Hopper, KR Prager, SM Heimpel, GE AF Hopper, Keith R. Prager, Sean M. Heimpel, George E. TI Is parasitoid acceptance of different host species dynamic? SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphelinus; aphid; biological control; egg limitation; egg load; egg resorption; host specificity; neural constraints; time limitation ID APHELINUS-ASYCHIS HYMENOPTERA; EGG LOAD; OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOR; SOYBEAN APHID; APHYTIS-LINGNANENSIS; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; LIFE EXPECTANCY; DIET BREADTH; EVOLUTION AB Parasitoid acceptance of host individuals that differ in suitability is dynamic, varying with physiological state and experience. Female parasitoids with high egg loads and low life expectancy (i.e. time limited) are more willing to accept hosts with low suitability for progeny development than females with low egg loads and high life expectancy (i.e. egg limited). However, studies of dynamic acceptance behaviour in parasitoids have only considered high- vs. low-suitability host individuals within the same host species. Here, we report the first results on whether acceptance of individuals from different host species that vary in suitability is also dynamic, using two aphid parasitoid species in the genus Aphelinus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Stressors (starvation and age) and experience that increase time limitation did not affect the acceptance of low-suitability host species by two Aphelinus species with reciprocal specificities. Oviposition in a high-suitability host species increased with egg load, but did not vary with egg load for females exposed to low-suitability host species. This is an unexpected pattern since it results in proportionally higher acceptance of low-suitability hosts with decreasing egg load. The stability of behavioural host specificity in these parasitoids under very stressful conditions might be explained by (i) frequent transient egg limitation, (ii) higher fitness from egg resorption than oviposition or (iii) neural constraints on host recognition. If neural constraints restrict the ability of these specialists to change their behaviour under stress, we predict that generalist species of Aphelinus should show greater dynamism in acceptance of low-suitability hosts. We are testing this prediction using Aphelinus species with very broad host ranges. Lay Summary C1 [Hopper, Keith R.; Prager, Sean M.] ARS, Beneficial Insect Introduct Res Unit, USDA, Newark, DE USA. [Heimpel, George E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN USA. RP Hopper, KR (reprint author), ARS, Beneficial Insect Introduct Res Unit, USDA, Newark, DE USA. EM Keith.Hopper@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative FX We thank Dominique Coutinot for collecting A. kurdjumovi in the Republic of Georgia and Kim Hoelmer for collecting A. rhamni in China. We thank Kathryn Lanier and Amanda Jacobson for assistance with rearing insects and conducting the experiments, and we thank the manuscript reviewers and editor for their insightful comments. This research was supported in part by a grant from the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative. NR 81 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 27 IS 5 BP 1201 EP 1211 DI 10.1111/1365-2435.12107 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 230TS UT WOS:000325366500012 ER PT J AU Van Hekken, DL Tunick, MH Farkye, NY Tomasula, PM AF Van Hekken, D. L. Tunick, M. H. Farkye, N. Y. Tomasula, P. M. TI Effect of hydrostatic high-pressure processing on the chemical, functional, and rheological properties of starter-free Queso Fresco SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cheese; Queso Fresco; high-pressure processing; texture ID SHELF-LIFE; CHEESE; MILK; STORAGE AB Queso Fresco (QF), a popular high-moisture, high-pH Hispanic-style cheese sold in the United States, underwent high-pressure processing (HPP), which has the potential to improve the safety of cheese, to determine the effects of this process on quality traits of the cheese. Starter-free, rennet-set QF (manufactured from pasteurized, homogenized milk, milled before hooping, and not pressed) was cut into 4.5- x 4.5- x 15-cm blocks and double vacuum packaged. Phase 1 of the research examined the effects of hydrostatic HPP on the quality traits of fresh QF that had been warmed to a core temperature of 20 or 40 degrees C; processed at 200, 400, or 600 MPa for 5, 10, or 20 min; and stored at 4 degrees C for 6 to 8 d. Phase 2 examined the long-term effects of HPP on quality traits when QF was treated at 600 MPa for 3 or 10 min, and stored at 4 or 10 degrees C for up to 12 wk. Warming the QF to 40 degrees C before packaging and exposure to high pressure resulted in loss of free whey from the cheese into the package, lower moisture content, and harder cheese. In phase 2, the control QF, regardless of aging temperature, was significantly softer than HPP cheeses over the 12 wk of storage. Hardness, fracture stress, and fracture rigidity increased with length of exposure time and storage temperature, with minor changes in the other properties. Queso Fresco remained a bright white, weak-bodied cheese that crumbled and did not melt upon heating. Although high pressures or long processing times may be required for the elimination of pathogens, cheese producers must be aware that HPP altered the rheological properties of QF and caused wheying-off in cheeses not pressed before packaging. C1 [Van Hekken, D. L.; Tunick, M. H.; Tomasula, P. M.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Farkye, N. Y.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dairy Prod Technol Ctr, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. RP Van Hekken, DL (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM diane.vanhekken@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 FU Dairy Management Inc. FX The authors thank the following Agricultural Research Service researchers for their contribution to this study: Raymond Kwoczak, Joseph Sites, Latasha Leggett, James Shieh, Brien Sullivan, and Danielle Tilman (all of Agricultural Research Service, Wyndmoor, PA). Research was partially funded by Dairy Management Inc., administered by the Dairy Research Institute (Rosemont, IL). NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 96 IS 10 BP 6147 EP 6160 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6212 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 221KL UT WOS:000324657700002 PM 23972497 ER PT J AU Yao, C Spurlock, DM Armentano, LE Page, CD VandeHaar, MJ Bickhart, DM Weigel, KA AF Yao, C. Spurlock, D. M. Armentano, L. E. Page, C. D., Jr. VandeHaar, M. J. Bickhart, D. M. Weigel, K. A. TI Random Forests approach for identifying additive and epistatic single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with residual feed intake in dairy cattle SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Random Forest; single nucleotide polymorphism; residual feed intake; dairy cattle ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; LARGE GENE LISTS; BAYESIAN LASSO; BEEF-CATTLE; PREDICTIVE ABILITY; PROTEIN FAMILIES; ANGUS CATTLE; EFFICIENCY; PARAMETERS AB Feed efficiency is an economically important trait in the beef and dairy cattle industries. Residual feed intake (RFI) is a measure of partial efficiency that is independent of production level per unit of body weight. The objective of this study was to identify significant associations between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and RFI in dairy cattle using the Random Forests (RF) algorithm. Genomic data included 42,275 SNP genotypes for 395 Holstein cows, whereas phenotypic measurements were daily RFI from 50 to 150 d postpartum. Residual feed intake was defined as the difference between an animal's feed intake and the average intake of its cohort, after adjustment for year and season of calving, year and season of measurement, age at calving nested within parity, days in milk, milk yield, body weight, and body weight change. Random Forests is a widely used machine-learning algorithm that has been applied to classification and regression problems. By analyzing the tree structures produced within RF, the 25 most frequent pairwise SNP interactions were reported as possible epistatic interactions. The importance scores that are generated by RF take into account both main effects of variables and interactions between variables, and the most negative value of all importance scores can be used as the cutoff level for declaring SNP effects as significant. Ranking by importance scores, 188 SNP surpassed the threshold, among which 38 SNP were mapped to RFI quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions reported in a previous study in beef cattle, and 2 SNP were also detected by a genome-wide association study in beef cattle. The ratio of number of SNP located in RFI QTL to the total number of SNP in the top 188 SNP chosen by RF was significantly higher than in all 42,275 whole-genome markers. Pathway analysis indicated that many of the top 188 SNP are in genomic regions that contain annotated genes with biological functions that may influence RFI. Frequently occurring ancestor-descendant SNP pairs can be explored as possible epistatic effects for further study. The importance scores generated by RF can be used effectively to identify large additive or epistatic SNP and informative QTL. The consistency in results of our study and previous studies in beef cattle indicates that the genetic architecture of RFI in dairy cattle might be similar to that of beef cattle. C1 [Yao, C.; Armentano, L. E.; Weigel, K. A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Spurlock, D. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Page, C. D., Jr.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biostat & Med Informat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [VandeHaar, M. J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bickhart, D. M.] USDA ARS, Animal Improvement Program Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yao, C (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM cyao5@wisc.edu OI Bickhart, Derek/0000-0003-2223-9285 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Washington, DC) [2008-35205-18711, 2011-68004-30340]; Hatch grant from the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station (Madison) [MSN139239]; National Association of Animal Breeders (Columbia, MO) FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants no. 2008-35205-18711 and 2011-68004-30340 from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Washington, DC). Support from Hatch grant no. MSN139239 from the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station (Madison) is acknowledged, and K. A. Weigel acknowledges partial financial support from the National Association of Animal Breeders (Columbia, MO). NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 96 IS 10 BP 6716 EP 6729 DI 10.3168/jds.2012-6237 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 221KL UT WOS:000324657700055 PM 23932129 ER PT J AU Sengoda, VG Buchman, JL Henne, DC Pappu, HR Munyaneza, JE AF Sengoda, Venkatesan G. Buchman, Jeremy L. Henne, Donald C. Pappu, Hanu R. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" Titer Over Time in Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) After Acquisition From Infected Potato and Tomato Plants SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE potato psyllid; Liberibacter; potato; tomato; acquisition access period ID PSYLLID-AFFECTED CARROTS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ZEBRA CHIP; 1ST REPORT; DISEASE; TRANSMISSION; PCR; ASSOCIATION; ASIATICUS; YELLOWS AB The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is a serious pest of potato and other solanaceous crops. B. cockerelli has been associated with the bacterium "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" (Lso), the causal agent of zebra chip, a new and economically important disease of potato in the United States, Mexico, Central America, and New Zealand. The biology of liberibacter transmission to potato and other host plants by the potato psyllid is largely unknown. The current study determined Lso acquisition by adult psyllids following different acquisition access periods (AAP) on potato and tomato, quantified Lso titer over time in postacquisition psyllids, determined Lso-acquisition rate in psyllids at each AAP on each source of inoculum, and determined influence of host plant Lso titer on Lso acquisition rates and postacquisition titer in psyllids over time. Results showed that Lso detection rates and titer increased over time in psyllids following AAPs of 8, 24, and 72 h on tomato and potato and Lso titer was highest when psyllids acquired Lso from tomato versus potato. Lso titer ranged from 200- to 400-fold higher in tomato leaves, petioles, and stems than those of potato. The increase of Lso titer in the insects reached a plateau after an average of 15 d following 24 and 72 hAAPon potato or tomato. At this 15-d plateau, Lso titer in postacquisition psyllids was comparable with that of infective psyllids from the Lso-infected laboratory colony. Lso-acquisition rate in psyllids fed on potato and tomato increased up to 5 and 20, 15 and 35, 35 and 75, and 80 and 100%, respectively, when the insects were allowed access to plants for 4, 8, 24, and 72 h, respectively. C1 [Sengoda, Venkatesan G.; Buchman, Jeremy L.; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Henne, Donald C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, Subtrop Pest Management Lab, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Pappu, Hanu R.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ars.usda.gov FU Frito Lay, Inc.; USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program; TX Department of Agriculture; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)-Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program (RAMP) [2009-51101-05892]; USDA-NIFA-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) [2009-51181-20176] FX We thank Dave Horton and Bruce Mackey for assistance with the statistical analyses. Financial support for this research was partially provided by Frito Lay, Inc., USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program, TX Department of Agriculture, USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)-Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program (RAMP) (Project 2009-51101-05892) and USDA-NIFA-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) (Project 2009-51181-20176). NR 34 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 28 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1964 EP 1972 DI 10.1603/EC13129 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600006 PM 24224236 ER PT J AU Schmidt, RA Beers, EH Unruh, TR Horton, DR AF Schmidt, Rebecca A. Beers, Elizabeth H. Unruh, Thomas R. Horton, David R. TI Releases of Insectary-Reared Galendromus occidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Commercial Apple Orchards SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phytoseiidae; Galendromus occidentalis; Tetranychidae; biological control; inundative release ID INTEGRATED MITE MANAGEMENT; AMBLYSEIUS-FALLACIS ACARI; EUROPEAN RED MITE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PREDATORY MITE; TYPHLODROMUS-PYRI; PREDACIOUS MITES; SPIDER-MITE; LIFE-TABLES; TETRANYCHIDAE AB Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) is one of several phytoseiid species that are available for purchase to supplement endemic predator populations that are not providing sufficient control of spider mites. We performed a series of releases of commercially reared G. occidentalis in commercial apple (Malus domestica Borkhausen) orchards in Washington from 2010 to 2012. Releases of up to 50,000 mites per acre did not lead to an increase in populations of predatory mites or to a decrease in populations of pest mites. Assessments of mite numbers in shipments and quality (survival and fecundity) of those mites indicated that the commercial insectary was correctly estimating the number of predatory mites in their shipments, and that predator quality was not different than a laboratory colony. Finally, a predator-prey model that used the intrinsic rates of increase of tetranychid prey and the prey consumption rate of the predator indicated that the density of G. occidentalis required to control the prey at the action threshold was not economically feasible. We conclude that G. occidentalis cannot be used to bring about short-term control via inundative releases in crops such as apple with large canopy volumes. C1 [Schmidt, Rebecca A.; Beers, Elizabeth H.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Dept Entomol, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Unruh, Thomas R.; Horton, David R.] USDA ARS, Dept Entomol, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Schmidt, RA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Dept Entomol, 1100 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM rebecca.schmidt@wsu.edu OI Schmidt-Jeffris, Rebecca/0000-0001-6149-5375 FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission FX We thank Kaitlin Parsons, David Gutierrez, Mattie Warner, Alix Whitener, Allie Bock, Alyssa White, Bruce Greenfield, Denise Burnett, and Kylie Martin for assistance with the mite releases and counts. We also thank Nick Mills for his advice on the predator-prey ratio calculations. We thank the cooperating growers who allowed us to use their orchards for these experiments. This work was funded in part by a grant from the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1996 EP 2005 DI 10.1603/EC13153 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600010 PM 24224240 ER PT J AU Follett, PA Wall, M Bailey, W AF Follett, Peter A. Wall, Marisa Bailey, Woodward TI Influence of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Radiation Tolerance in the Phytosanitary Pest Melon Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE irradiation; Mediterranean fruit fly; quarantine; generic dose; modified atmosphere ID CARIBBEAN FRUIT-FLY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; QUARANTINE TREATMENT; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; BEETLES; STORAGE; FLIES AB Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) produces a low-oxygen (O-2) environment that can increase produce shelf life by decreasing product respiration and growth of pathogens. However, low O-2 is known to increase insect tolerance to irradiation, and the use of MAP with products treated by irradiation before export to control quarantine pests may inadvertently compromise treatment efficacy. Melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillet (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an important economic and quarantine pest of tropical fruits and vegetables, and one of the most radiation-tolerant tephritid fruit flies known. The effect of low O-2 generated by MAP on the radiation tolerance of B. cucurbitae was examined. Third-instar larval B. cucurbitae were inoculated into ripe papayas and treated by 1) MAP + irradiation, 2) irradiation alone, 3) MAP alone, or (4) no MAP and no irradiation, and held for adult emergence. Three types of commercially available MAP products were tested that produced O-2 concentrations between 1 and 15%, and a sublethal radiation dose (50 Gy) was used to allow comparisons between treatments. Ziploc storage bags (1-4% O-2) increased survivorship to adult from 14 to 25%, whereas Xtend PP61 bags (3-8% O-2) and Xtend PP53 bags (11-15% O-2) did not enhance survivorship to the adult stage in B. cucurbitae irradiated at 50 Gy. Radiation doses approved by the United States Department of Agriculture and the International Plant Protection Commission for B. cucurbitae and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Mediterranean fruit fly) are 150 and 100 Gy, respectively. In large-scale tests, 9,000 B. cucurbitae and 3,800 C. capitata larvae infesting papayas in Ziploc bags were irradiated at 150 and 100 Gy, respectively, with no survivors to the adult stage. MAP can increase insect survivorship during irradiation treatment at certain doses and O-2 concentrations, but should not compromise the efficacy of the 150-Gy generic radiation treatment for tephritid fruit flies or the 100-Gy radiation treatment for C. capitata. C1 [Follett, Peter A.; Wall, Marisa] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Bailey, Woodward] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, S&T,CPHST, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Follett, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM peter.follett@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2020 EP 2026 DI 10.1603/EC13117 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600012 PM 24224242 ER PT J AU Follett, PA Snook, K AF Follett, Peter A. Snook, Kirsten TI Cold Storage Enhances the Efficacy and Margin of Security in Postharvest Irradiation Treatments Against Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE irradiation; quarantine; postharvest; phytosanitary treatment; systems approach ID FLY DIPTERA; QUARANTINE TREATMENTS; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; MELON FLY AB Cold storage is used to preserve fruit quality after harvest during transportation in marketing channels. Low temperature can be a stressor for insects that reduces survivorship, and cold storage may contribute to the efficacy of postharvest quarantine treatments such as irradiation against quarantine insect pests. The combined effect of irradiation and cold storage was examined in a radiation-tolerant fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillet (melon fly), and a radiation-intolerant fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Mediterranean fruit fly) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Third instars on diet or in papaya were treated with a sublethal radiation dose of 30 Gy and stored at 4 or 11 degrees C for 3-13 d and held for adult emergence. For both fruit fly species, survival of third instars to the adult stage generally decreased with increasing cold storage duration at 4 or 11 degrees C in diet or papaya. Survivorship differences were highly significant for the effects of substrate (diet > papaya), temperature (11 > 4 degrees C), and irradiation (0 > 30 Gy). Few Mediterranean fruit flies survived in any cold storage treatment after receiving a radiation dose of 30 Gy. No melon fly larvae survived to the adult stage after irradiation and 11 d cold storage at 4 or 11 degrees C in papayas. Cold storage enhances the efficacy and widens the margin of security in postharvest irradiation treatments. Potentially irradiation and cold storage can be used in combination to reduce the irradiation exposure requirements of quarantine treatments. C1 [Follett, Peter A.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Snook, Kirsten] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Follett, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM peter.follett@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2035 EP 2042 DI 10.1603/EC13197 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600014 PM 24224244 ER PT J AU Mbata, GN Shapiro-Ilan, D AF Mbata, George N. Shapiro-Ilan, David TI The Potential for Controlling Pangaeus bilineatus (Heteroptera: Cydnidae) Using a Combination of Entomopathogens and an Insecticide SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beauveria bassiana; chlorpyrifos; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; burrower bug ID PECAN WEEVIL COLEOPTERA; BURROWER BUG; NEMATODES; CURCULIONIDAE; COMPATIBILITY; NEOAPLECTANA; CARPOCAPSAE; RHABDITIDA; BIOCONTROL; TURFGRASS AB The peanut burrower bug, Pangaeus bilineatus (Say), is an important pest of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the southern United States. Current control methods for this pest, which are based on the use of chemical insecticides, have not been successful. Our objective was to determine if entomopathogens applied alone or in combination with a standard chemical insecticide would provide superior levels of P. bilineatus mortality compared with the standard chemical applied alone. Specifically, we investigated the efficacy of an entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Oswego strain), and a fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (GHA strain), applied alone or in combination with chlorpyrifos. When applied as single treatments, the two entomopathogens were not pathogenic, that is, they did not cause mortality in P. bilineatus adults that was different from the nontreated control. However, 3 and 7 d posttreatment, the combination of the H. bacteriophora and chlorpyrifos caused higher mortality than the nematode, fungus, or insecticide alone, or the combination of chlorpyrifos and B. bassiana. The nature of the interaction between H. bacteriophora and chlorpyrifos was synergistic, which is of particular interest, given that this is the first time a synergy is being reported between a nematode that was not pathogenic when applied alone and a chemical insecticide. B. bassiana and its combination with the chlorpyrifos did not significantly increase insect mortality compared with chlorpyrifos alone or the control. Based on the observation of synergy, the combination of H. bacteriophora and chlorpyrifos should be investigated further for potential adoption in the management of P. bilineatus. C1 [Mbata, George N.] Ft Valley State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Shapiro-Ilan, David] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Unit, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Mbata, GN (reprint author), Ft Valley State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. EM gn1185mbata@aol.com RI Magnien, Philippe/C-5936-2014 FU Georgia Peanut Commission FX We thank Anquavious Ivey, Wanda Evans, and Kathy Halat for technical assistance. This study was funded in part by a grant from the Georgia Peanut Commission. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 23 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2072 EP 2076 DI 10.1603/EC13195 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600018 PM 24224248 ER PT J AU Brewer, MJ Anderson, DJ Armstrong, JS AF Brewer, Michael J. Anderson, Darwin J. Armstrong, J. Scott TI Plant Growth Stage-Specific Injury and Economic Injury Level for Verde Plant Bug, Creontiades signatus (Hemiptera: Miridae), on Cotton: Effect of Bloom Period of Infestation SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insect-plant interaction; cotton boll injury; Gossypium hirsutum; plant bug ID BOLL DAMAGE; PENTATOMIDAE; HETEROPTERA; SQUARE; AGE AB Verde plant bugs, Creontiades signatus Distant (Hemiptera: Miridae), were released onto caged cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., for a 1-wk period to characterize the effects of insect density and bloom period of infestation on cotton injury and yield in 2011 and 2012, Corpus Christi, TX. When plants were infested during early bloom (10-11 nodes above first white flower), a linear decline in fruit retention and boll load and a linear increase in boll injury were detected as verde plant bug infestation levels increased from an average of 0.5 to 4 bugs per plant. Lint and seed yield per plant showed a corresponding decline. Fruit retention, boll load, and yield were not affected on plants infested 1 wk later at peak bloom (8-9 nodes above first white flower), even though boll injury increased as infestation levels increased. Second-year testing verified boll injury but not yield loss, when infestations occurred at peak bloom. Incidence of cotton boll rot, known to be associated with verde plant bug feeding, was low to modest (<1% [2012] to 12% [2011] of bolls with disease symptoms), and drought stress persisted throughout the study. Caging effect was minimal: a 10% fruit retention decline was associated with caging, and the effect was not detectable in the other measurements. Overall, reduced fruit retention and boll load caused by verde plant bug were important contributors to yield decline, damage potential was greatest during the early bloom period of infestation, and a simple linear response best described the yield response-insect density relationship at early bloom. Confirmation that cotton after peak bloom was less prone to verde plant bug injury and an early bloom-specific economic injury level were key findings that can improve integrated pest management decision-making for dryland cotton, at least under low-rainfall growing conditions. C1 [Brewer, Michael J.; Anderson, Darwin J.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Corpus Christi, TX 78406 USA. [Brewer, Michael J.; Anderson, Darwin J.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, Corpus Christi, TX 78406 USA. [Armstrong, J. Scott] USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Brewer, MJ (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res, 10345 State Highway 44, Corpus Christi, TX 78406 USA. EM mjbrewer@ag.tamu.edu FU Texas State Support Committee, Cotton Incorporated [11-845TX] FX We thank J. Martinez and C. Farias for providing field and other technical support. Many thanks to the Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Corpus Christi, for provided land management support. The reviews of G. Medrano (U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Services), G. Odvody, and R. Parker (Texas A&M AgriLife Research) on an earlier version are greatly appreciated. This work was partially supported by a Texas State Support Committee, Cotton Incorporated, award (11-845TX) to M.J.B. and J.S.A. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2077 EP 2083 DI 10.1603/EC13248 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600019 PM 24224249 ER PT J AU Duan, JJ Watt, T Taylor, P Larson, K Lelito, JP AF Duan, Jian J. Watt, Tim Taylor, Phil Larson, Kristi Lelito, Jonathan P. TI Effects of Ambient Temperature on Egg and Larval Development of the Invasive Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Implications for Laboratory Rearing SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; development; Fraxinus uhdei; invasive; laboratory rearing ID TETRASTICHUS-PLANIPENNISI HYMENOPTERA; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; BIOTIC FACTORS; EULOPHIDAE; CHINA; BRACONIDAE; ENCYRTIDAE; BIOLOGY AB The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, an invasive beetle from Asia causing large scale ash (Fraxinus) mortality in North America, has been extremely difficult to rear in the laboratory because of its long life cycle and cryptic nature of immature stages. This lack of effective laboratory-rearing methods has not only hindered research into its biology and ecology, but also mass production of natural enemies for biological control of this invasive pest. Using sticks from the alternate host plant, Fraxinus uhdei (Wenzig) Lingelsh, we characterized the stage-specific development time and growth rate of both emerald ash borer eggs and larvae at different constant temperatures (12-35 degrees C) for the purpose of developing effective laboratory-rearing methods. Results from our study showed that the median time for egg hatching decreased from 20 d at 20 degrees C to 7 d at 35 degrees C, while no emerald ash borer eggs hatched at 12 degrees C. The developmental time for 50% of emerald ash borer larvae advancing to third, fourth, and J-larval stages at 20 degrees C were 8.3, 9.1, and 12.3 wk, respectively, approximately two times longer than at 30 degrees C for the corresponding instars or stages. In contrast to 30 degrees C, however, the development times of emerald ash borer larvae advancing to later instars (from oviposition) were significantly increased at 35 degrees C, indicating adverse effects of this high temperature. The optimal range of ambient temperature to rear emerald ash borer larvae should be between 25-30 degrees C; however, faster rate of egg and larval development should be expected as temperature increases within this range. C1 [Duan, Jian J.; Taylor, Phil] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Watt, Tim; Larson, Kristi] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] USDA, APHIS PPQ Emerald Ash Borer Biocontrol Lab, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Duan, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, 501 South Chapel St, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM jian.duan@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 40 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2101 EP 2108 DI 10.1603/EC13131 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600022 PM 24224252 ER PT J AU Yee, WL AF Yee, Wee L. TI Captures of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Nontarget Insects on Red Spheres Versus Yellow Spheres and Panels SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE western cherry fruit fly; trap; Tartar Red; Saffron Thread Yellow; Sunny Summer Yellow ID APPLE MAGGOT DIPTERA; CHERRY FRUIT-FLY; RECTANGLE TRAPS; POMONELLA FLIES; ATTRACTION; PHEROCON; ORCHARDS; COLOR AB Sticky red spheres can be used to capture western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), but red spheres have not been definitively shown to be more attractive than yellow traps. The objective of this study was to compare fly captures on ammonia-baited red spheres and yellow spheres and panels so that sensitive detection traps for fly management can be identified. Nontarget insects could interfere with fly captures, so weights of nontarget insects on traps were also determined. Yellow spheres and panels generally caught more flies than red spheres. More males than females were caught on nearly all red and yellow traps. Saffron Thread, Marigold, Sunny Summer, and Yam Yellow spheres and panels were bright yellow and generally caught more flies, especially females, than Cherry Cobbler Red or Tartar Red spheres. Twenty Carat Yellow and Glorious Gold spheres and panels were less bright and caught fewer flies than bright yellow traps and similar numbers of flies as Tartar Red spheres, respectively. Dry weights of nontarget insects on at least one yellow trap type were greater than on red spheres in only 4 of 10 tests. Results show that bright yellow spheres and panels capture more R. indifferens than red spheres and do not consistently capture greater amounts of nontarget insects than red spheres, suggesting that they should be used instead of red spheres for detecting this fly. C1 USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2109 EP 2117 DI 10.1603/EC12501 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600023 PM 24224253 ER PT J AU Shelton, TG AF Shelton, Thomas G. TI The Influence of Fipronil on Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Feeding Beyond Treated Plots SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fipronil; foraging behavior; Reticulitermes; termite; termiticide ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES ISOPTERA; FORMOSANUS SHIRAKI ISOPTERA; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; NONREPELLENT TERMITICIDES; INDEPENDENT MONITORS; EXPOSURE DURATION; TOXICITY; REPELLENCY; WORKERS; COLONY AB A small-plot field trial was conducted to examine the area of influence of fipronil at incremental distances away from treated plots on the Harrison Experimental Forest near Saucier, MS. Small treated (water and fipronil) plots were surrounded by untreated wooden boards in an eight-point radial pattern, and examined for evidence of termite feeding every 60 d for 1 yr after treatment. Circular areas of 0, 0.28, 1.13, 2.55, 4.52, 7.07, and 10.18 m(2) around the treated plots were installed to evaluate feeding damage by termites on the boards. The relationship between feeding damage to boards and area for each time interval was examined by using an exponential increase model. For both treatments and controls in nearly all periods examined, feeding was suppressed in the boards nearest to the treated plots, but increased exponentially as the area increased. Beginning 4 mo after treatment, treatment plots had lower proportions of boards with termite feeding evidence than control plots. Reduction in feeding was the only influence of fipronil observed beyond the treated plots. C1 ARS, USDA, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Shelton, TG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM tshelton@fs.fed.us NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 106 IS 5 BP 2160 EP 2166 DI 10.1603/EC12443 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 235YH UT WOS:000325758600030 PM 24224260 ER PT J AU Schell, CJ Young, JK Lonsdorf, EV Santymire, RM AF Schell, Christopher J. Young, Julie K. Lonsdorf, Elizabeth V. Santymire, Rachel M. TI Anthropogenic and physiologically induced stress responses in captive coyotes SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge; anthropogenic stressors; Canis latrans; diurnal variation; enzyme immunoassay; fecal glucocorticoid metabolite analysis; stress response ID FECAL GLUCOCORTICOID METABOLITES; AFRICAN WILD DOGS; ADRENAL ACTIVITY; CANIS-LATRANS; LYCAON-PICTUS; ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; NONINVASIVE METHOD; METROPOLITAN-AREA AB Repeated stressful events can negatively impact overall health by continuous stimulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, which leads to depletion of glucose stores and suppression of immune and reproductive function. The influence of stressors on survivability is particularly salient for coyote (Canis latrans) populations, because understanding how coyotes cope with stressors may provide relevant context on coyote adaptation to urbanized ecosystems. Our objectives were to physiologically validate fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) analysis in coyotes by performing an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge in 12 captive individuals (6 treatment and 6 control) housed at the United States Department of Agriculture National Wildlife Research Center Predator Research Facility in Millville, Utah; to quantify potential changes in FGM output due to diurnal variation and sex; and to determine the effects of 2 anthropogenic events (placement of a novel cooling fan and state holiday celebrations) on the coyotes' stress responses (via FGM production). Results demonstrated that in response to the ACTH injection, treatment animals (3 males and 3 females) displayed FGM concentration peaks >= 5-fold (range: 5- to 30-fold) above their preinjection means approximately 8 h after injection, which was a greater (P = 0.037) response than control animals. FGM output was lowest for morning fecal samples compared with midday (P = 0.001) and evening (P < 0.001) samples. Within the evening period, FGM output for male samples tended to be higher (P = 0.056) than for female samples, although not significant. The anthropogenic events elicited FGM concentration peaks >= 5-fold above pre-event means for several of the study animals occurring approximately 12 and 9 h later, respectively. This study is the 1st to physiologically validate the measurement of stress physiology using FGM analysis in coyotes and demonstrate the impact of anthropogenic events on their stress response. Furthermore, this work provides a foundation for future studies of FGMs, stress, and anthropogenic effects in wild and captive systems. C1 [Schell, Christopher J.] Univ Chicago, Comm Evolutionary Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Young, Julie K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Predator Res Facil, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Young, Julie K.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, USDA WS TWRC Predator Res Facil, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Lonsdorf, Elizabeth V.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Psychol, Lancaster, PA 17603 USA. [Santymire, Rachel M.] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. RP Schell, CJ (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Comm Evolutionary Biol, 900 E 57th St CULV 402, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM cschell@uchicago.edu OI Schell, Christopher/0000-0002-2073-9852 FU University of Chicago Hinds Fund; GAANN Fellowship; National Science Foundation; United States Department of Agriculture-Wildlife Service-NWRC FX We thank S. Brummer, J. Schultz, E. Stephenson, and the United States Department of Agriculture-Wildlife Service-NWRC staff for their animal expertise, valuable input into project planning, and time spent caring for the study animals Likewise, thanks to E. Gese and J. Mateo for their advice at the genesis of this study. Special thanks to D. Armstrong for providing laboratory assistance and help with troubleshooting. Additional thanks to the University of Chicago Hinds Fund and GAANN Fellowship, National Science Foundation, and United States Department of Agriculture-Wildlife Service-NWRC as funding sources for this endeavor. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 46 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 94 IS 5 BP 1131 EP 1140 DI 10.1644/13-MAMM-A-001.1 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 238NU UT WOS:000325955500016 ER PT J AU Matthews, SM Higley, JM Finn, JT Rennie, KM Thompson, CM Purcell, KL Sweitzer, RA Haire, SL Sievert, PR Fuller, TK AF Matthews, Sean M. Higley, J. Mark Finn, John T. Rennie, Kerry M. Thompson, Craig M. Purcell, Kathryn L. Sweitzer, Rick A. Haire, Sandra L. Sievert, Paul R. Fuller, Todd K. TI An evaluation of a weaning index for wild fishers (Pekania [Martes] pennanti) in California SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE fisher; nipple size; Pekania [Martes] pennanti; reproduction; teat size; weaning index ID ACTIVITY PATTERNS; AGREEMENT; MODELS AB Conservation concern for fishers (Pekania [Martes] pennanti) in the Pacific states has highlighted a need to develop cost-effective methods of monitoring reproduction in extant and reintroduced fisher populations. We evaluated the efficacy of nipple size as a predictive index of weaning success for females with known reproductive histories from 3 study areas in California. We captured and radiocollared 91 female fishers on 146 occasions between 2004 and 2011 and measured the width and height of all 4 nipples and quantified reproductive status via radiotelemetry. We classified each radiomarked female into 1 of 3 reproductive classes (nonbreeders, attempted breeders, and current breeders) based on our telemetry observations during the den season prior to capture. We used a modified random forests (RF) procedure to account for repeated measures of individual females sampled in multiple years. Our modified RF procedure correctly classified reproductive class for 130 (89%) and 131(90%) of our 146 observations using raw and weighted vote totals, respectively. We calculated Cohen's kappa of 0.80 and 0.81 using raw and weighted vote totals, respectively, indicating strong model performance. We conclude that nipple sizes of female fishers measured during a livetrapping effort can be used as a cost-effective index of the weaning rates of adult female fishers. C1 [Matthews, Sean M.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Hoopa, CA 95546 USA. [Higley, J. Mark; Rennie, Kerry M.] Hoopa Tribal Forestry, Dept Wildlife, Hoopa, CA 95546 USA. [Finn, John T.; Haire, Sandra L.; Fuller, Todd K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Thompson, Craig M.; Purcell, Kathryn L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. [Sweitzer, Rick A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Bass Lake, CA 93604 USA. [Sievert, Paul R.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Matthews, SM (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, POB 368, Hoopa, CA 95546 USA. EM smatthews@wcs.org RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016 FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service Tribal Wildlife Grants Program; United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Region 5; United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service FX Data collection on the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation was supported by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Tribal Wildlife Grants Program. We thank the following for field assistance: S. T. Bogle, J. E. Brownlee, E. M. Creel, C. M. Cummins, M. W. Gabriel, T. F. Godfrey, P. C. Halpin, N. R. Hutchins, R. P. Jackson, M. W. Kotschwar, S. D. LaPoint, P. Lincoln, D. V. Masters, D. McCovey, K. T. Mellon, K. M. Moriarty, C. H. Myers, M. D. Palumbo, K. A. Penderson, A. J. Pole, R. V. Schlexer, S. H. Van Arb, S. M. Wadham, and G. M. Wengert. Funding support for the KRFP was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Region 5. The KRFP is particularly thankful for field assistance from J. Banazack, D. Drynan, G. Colligan, J. Gamer, R. Green, N. Hebert, Z. Miller, B. Nichols, S. Rossler, T. Smith, and G. Watts. Funding support for the SNAMP fisher research was provided under a cooperative agreement with the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service. More than 40 research technicians, volunteers, and pilots have provided invaluable assistance trapping, handling, and locating fishers during the study. The SNAMP research is particularly thankful for long-term support from R. Barrett, J. Litton, C. O'Brien, and A. Otto. We also thank Journal of Mammalogy reviewers R. D. Weir and K. M. Slauson as well as M. J. Jordan for their comments on this manuscript. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 94 IS 5 BP 1161 EP 1168 DI 10.1644/12-MAMM-A-249.1 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 238NU UT WOS:000325955500019 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Randall, AR Choudhary, S Ferreira, LR Verma, SK Oliveira, S Kwok, OCH Su, C AF Dubey, J. P. Randall, A. R. Choudhary, S. Ferreira, L. R. Verma, S. K. Oliveira, S. Kwok, O. C. H. Su, C. TI OCCURRENCE, ISOLATION, AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII FROM WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) IN NEW JERSEY SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BOBCAT LYNX-RUFUS; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; UNITED-STATES; ANTIBODIES; PREVALENCE; SEROPREVALENCE; PENNSYLVANIA; GENOTYPE AB The ingestion of uncooked infected white-tailed deer (WTD) tissues can transmit Toxoplasma gondii infection to humans and mesocarnivores, including cats. In the present study, we tested 264 WTD from New Jersey for T. gondii infection during the 20112012 hunting season. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (cutoff titer, 25); 76 (28.7%) of 264 WTD were seropositive. Heart muscle samples from 64 seropositive WTD were digested in pepsin, and the digests were bioassayed for the isolation of T. gondii. Viable T. gondii was isolated in mice from the myocardium of 9 WTD; tachyzoites from infected mouse tissues were further propagated in cell culture. One of the 9 strains was highly virulent for outbred Swiss Webster mice. The DNA isolated from culture-derived tachyzoites of these 9 T. gondii isolates was characterized using 11 PCR-RFLP markers (SAG1, 50-and 30-SAG2, alt. SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico). Six genotypes were found, including ToxoDB genotype no. 2 (Type III), no. 3 (Type II variant), no. 4 (Type 12), no. 216, no. 220, and no. 221. The last 2 were new genotypes that were reported for the first time. This is the first report of T. gondii infection in deer from this region of the United States. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Randall, A. R.; Choudhary, S.; Ferreira, L. R.; Verma, S. K.; Oliveira, S.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Su, C.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013; Oliveira , Solange/B-7544-2014 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108; NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 99 IS 5 BP 763 EP 769 DI 10.1645/13-209.1 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 235YQ UT WOS:000325759700005 PM 23574007 ER PT J AU Platt, TR Hoberg, EP Chisholm, LA AF Platt, Thomas R. Hoberg, Eric P. Chisholm, Leslie A. TI On the Morphology and Taxonomy of Griphobilharzia amoena Platt and Blair, 1991 (Schistosomatoidea), a Dioecious Digenetic Trematode Parasite of the Freshwater Crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni, in Australia SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD FLUKES; EVOLUTION; COLONIZATION; ORIGIN AB Griphobilharzia amoena Platt and Blair, 1991 was originally described as a dioecious trematode, parasitic in the circulatory system of the Australian freshwater crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni, with the female completely enclosed in a gynecophoric chamber of the male and the 2 worms oriented anti-parallel to each other. A recent publication questions the original description, arguing that G. amoena is monoecious and, as a consequence, the species was transferred to Vasotrema Stunkard, 1928 (Spirorchiidae) as Vasotrema amoena n. comb. We provide photomicrographic evidence that the original description of G. amoena is correct and that Griphobilharzia Platt and Blair, 1991, is a valid monotypic genus containing G. amoena. An accurate understanding of the anatomy of G. amoena is not trivial and has implications for revealing the complex origins and evolution of the dioecious condition within the Schistosomatoidea. C1 [Platt, Thomas R.] St Marys Coll, Dept Biol, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Hoberg, Eric P.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect & Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chisholm, Leslie A.] S Australian Museum, Monogenean Res Lab, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. [Chisholm, Leslie A.] Univ Adelaide, Marine Parasitol Lab, Sch Earth & Environm Sci DX 650 418, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Platt, TR (reprint author), St Marys Coll, Dept Biol, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM tplatt@saintmarys.edu NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 99 IS 5 BP 888 EP 891 DI 10.1645/GE-12-149.1 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 235YQ UT WOS:000325759700021 PM 24099322 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MC Parker, C O'Brien, C Miska, K Fetterer, R AF Jenkins, Mark C. Parker, Carolyn O'Brien, Celia Miska, Katarzyna Fetterer, Raymond TI Differing Susceptibilities of Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, and Eimeria tenella Oocysts to Desiccation SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO EXCYSTATION; ANTICOCCIDIAL VACCINES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS; BROILER-CHICKENS; INFECTIONS; LITTER; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; POULTRY; IMMUNITY; IDENTIFICATION AB Outbreaks of avian coccidiosis may occur when susceptible chickens are raised on litter containing viable Eimeria oocysts. The purpose of this study was to compare the relative sensitivities of Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, and Eimeria tenella oocysts to dessication. Sporulated E. acervulina, E. maxima, or E. tenella oocysts were incorporated into gelatin beads and incubated at 32 C for 0, 1, 2, or 3 days. In vitro oocyst excystation rates were measured for each combination of Eimeria species and incubation time. Day-old broiler chicks were allowed to ingest the oocysts-containing beads, and total oocyst production was measured from days 5-8 post-inoculation. Although no effect on excystation was observed, E. maxima oocysts displayed greater resistance to drying compared to E. acervulina and E. tenella oocysts. Eimeria acervulina oocyst production decreased 100-fold after 1-2 days incubation. Eimeria tenella oocysts were slightly more resistant to drying in that a 100-fold decrease in oocyst production was delayed until 2 days. For both E. acervulina and E. tenella, very few oocysts were observed after 3 days incubation. Eimeria maxima oocyst production remained high at all time points. Subsequent studies revealed E. maxima oocyst production was ablated only after 5 days incubation. These findings may explain in part the observed prevalence of E. maxima in litter from commercial poultry operations. C1 [Jenkins, Mark C.; Parker, Carolyn; O'Brien, Celia; Fetterer, Raymond] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Miska, Katarzyna] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jenkins, MC (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mark.jenkins@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 99 IS 5 BP 899 EP 902 DI 10.1645/13-192.1 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 235YQ UT WOS:000325759700024 PM 23617755 ER PT J AU Stern, JA White, SN Meurs, KM AF Stern, Joshua A. White, Stephen N. Meurs, Kathryn M. TI Extent of linkage disequilibrium in large-breed dogs: chromosomal and breed variation SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; COMPLEX TRAITS; CATTLE AB The aim of this study was to better define the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in populations of large-breed dogs and its variation by breed and chromosomal region. Understanding the extent of LD is a crucial component for successful utilization of genome-wide association studies and allows researchers to better define regions of interest and target candidate genes. Twenty-four Golden Retriever dogs, 28 Rottweiler dogs, and 24 Newfoundland dogs were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data using a high-density SNP array. LD was calculated for all autosomes using Haploview. Decay of the squared correlation coefficient (r (2)) was plotted on a per-breed and per-chromosome basis as well as in a genome-wide fashion. The point of 50 % decay of r (2) was used to estimate the difference in extent of LD between breeds. Extent of LD was significantly shorter for Newfoundland dogs based upon 50 % decay of r (2) data at a mean of 344 kb compared to Golden Retriever and Rottweiler dogs at 715 and 834 kb, respectively (P < 0.0001). Notable differences in LD by chromosome were present within each breed and not strictly related to the length of the corresponding chromosome. Extent of LD is breed and chromosome dependent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SNP-based LD for Newfoundland dogs, the first report based on genome-wide SNPs for Rottweilers, and an almost tenfold improvement in marker density over previous genome-wide studies of LD in Golden Retrievers. C1 [Stern, Joshua A.; Meurs, Kathryn M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Stern, Joshua A.; Meurs, Kathryn M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [White, Stephen N.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [White, Stephen N.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Stern, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, 2108 Tupper Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jstern@ucdavis.edu OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054 FU Morris Animal Foundation; Pfizer Animal Health FX The authors acknowledge the support of Morris Animal Foundation and Pfizer Animal Health for their fellowship training support of the principal investigator. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-8990 EI 1432-1777 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD OCT PY 2013 VL 24 IS 9-10 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1007/s00335-013-9474-y PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 234CA UT WOS:000325616000007 PM 24062056 ER PT J AU Aslibekyan, S An, P Frazier-Wood, AC Kabagambe, EK Irvin, MR Straka, RJ Tiwari, HK Tsai, MY Hopkins, PN Borecki, IB Ordovas, JM Arnett, DK AF Aslibekyan, S. An, P. Frazier-Wood, A. C. Kabagambe, E. K. Irvin, M. R. Straka, R. J. Tiwari, H. K. Tsai, M. Y. Hopkins, P. N. Borecki, I. B. Ordovas, J. M. Arnett, D. K. TI Preliminary evidence of genetic determinants of adiponectin response to fenofibrate in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network SO NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Adiponectin; Fenofibrate; Genetics ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; EXPRESSION; RECEPTORS; PROTEIN; CDH13; THIAZOLIDINEDIONES; SUSCEPTIBILITY; POLYMORPHISM; METABOLISM AB Background and aims: Adiponectin is an adipose-secreted protein that has been linked to changes in insulin sensitivity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and inflammatory patterns. Although fenofibrate therapy can raise adiponectin levels, treatment response is heterogeneous and heritable, suggesting a role for genetic mediators. This is the first genome-wide association study of fenofibrate effects on circulating adiponectin. Methods and results: Plasma adiponectin was measured in participants of the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (n = 793) before and after a 3-week daily treatment with 160 mg of fenofibrate. Associations between variants on the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0 and adiponectin were assessed using mixed linear models, adjusted for age, sex, site, and family. We observed a statistically significant (P = 5 x 10(-8)) association between rs2384207 in 12q24, a region previously linked to several metabolic traits, and the fenofibrate-induced change in circulating adiponectin. Additionally, our genome-wide analysis of baseline adiponectin levels replicated the previously reported association with CDH13 and suggested novel associations with markers near the PCK1, ZBP1, TMEM18, and SCUBE1 genes. The findings from the single marker tests were corroborated in gene-based analyses. Biological pathway analyses suggested a borderline significant association between the EGF receptor signaling pathway and baseline adiponectin levels. Conclusions: We present preliminary evidence linking several biologically relevant genetic variants to adiponectin levels at baseline and in response to fenofibrate therapy. Our findings provide support for fine-mapping of the 12q24 region to investigate the shared biological mechanisms underlying levels of circulating adiponectin and susceptibility to metabolic disease. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Aslibekyan, S.; Frazier-Wood, A. C.; Kabagambe, E. K.; Irvin, M. R.; Arnett, D. K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [An, P.; Borecki, I. B.] Washington Univ, Dept Genet, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Frazier-Wood, A. C.; Tiwari, H. K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Straka, R. J.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Pharm, Sch Publ Hlth, Expt & Clin Pharmacol Dept, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Tsai, M. Y.] Univ Minnesota, Lab Med & Pathol, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hopkins, P. N.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Ordovas, J. M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Dept Epidemiol Atherothrombosis & Imaging, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA USA. RP Aslibekyan, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, RPHB 217G, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM saslibek@uab.edu RI Wood, Lekki/B-8053-2010 OI Wood, Lekki/0000-0001-7616-2119 FU NHLBI (gs1) [U01HL072524-04] FX This work has been funded by the NHLBI (gs1) grant U01HL072524-04. No authors declare conflict of interest. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0939-4753 EI 1590-3729 J9 NUTR METAB CARDIOVAS JI Nutr. Metab. Carbiovasc. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 23 IS 10 BP 987 EP 994 DI 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.07.010 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 239AG UT WOS:000325993200013 PM 23149075 ER PT J AU Trumbo, PR Barr, SI Murphy, SP Yates, AA AF Trumbo, Paula R. Barr, Susan I. Murphy, Suzanne P. Yates, Allison A. TI Dietary reference intakes: cases of appropriate and inappropriate uses SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE dietary planning; dietary reference intakes; intake assessment; nutrient requirements AB The dietary reference intakes (DRIs) are a set of reference intake levels for nutrients that can be used for planning diets and assessing nutrient inadequacies of individuals and groups. Since the publication of the DRI reports 1997-2004, the reference intake levels have been used for various purposes. While DRIs have been used appropriately for planning and assessing diets for many different situations, there have been instances in which specific DRI categories have not been applied as intended. In this review, cases are described in which DRIs were applied correctly, as well as cases from the growing number of examples in which the wrong DRI was used or DRIs were used incorrectly. (C) 2013 International Life Sciences Institute C1 [Trumbo, Paula R.] US FDA, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Barr, Susan I.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Murphy, Suzanne P.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Yates, Allison A.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Trumbo, PR (reprint author), US FDA, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy,HFS 830, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM paula.trumbo@fda.hhs.gov NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0029-6643 EI 1753-4887 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 71 IS 10 BP 657 EP 664 DI 10.1111/nure.12067 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 234BU UT WOS:000325615400002 PM 24117790 ER PT J AU Rowe, S Alexander, N Kretser, A Steele, R Kretsch, M Applebaum, R Clydesdale, F Cummins, D Hentges, E Navia, J Jarvis, A Falci, K AF Rowe, Sylvia Alexander, Nick Kretser, Alison Steele, Robert Kretsch, Molly Applebaum, Rhona Clydesdale, Fergus Cummins, Deborah Hentges, Eric Navia, Juan Jarvis, Ashley Falci, Ken TI Principles for building public-private partnerships to benefit food safety, nutrition, and health research SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE conflict of interest; guiding principles; public-private partnerships; research AB The present article articulates principles for effective public-private partnerships (PPPs) in scientific research. Recognizing that PPPs represent one approach for creating research collaborations and that there are other methods outside the scope of this article, PPPs can be useful in leveraging diverse expertise among government, academic, and industry researchers to address public health needs and questions concerned with nutrition, health, food science, and food and ingredient safety. A three-step process was used to identify the principles proposed herein: step 1) review of existing PPP guidelines, both in the peer-reviewed literature and at 16 disparate non-industry organizations; step 2) analysis of relevant successful or promising PPPs; and step 3) formal background interviews of 27 experienced, senior-level individuals from academia, government, industry, foundations, and non-governmental organizations. This process resulted in the articulation of 12 potential principles for establishing and managing successful research PPPs. The review of existing guidelines showed that guidelines for research partnerships currently reside largely within institutions rather than in the peer-reviewed literature. This article aims to introduce these principles into the literature to serve as a framework for dialogue and for future PPPs. (C) 2013 International Life Sciences Institute C1 [Rowe, Sylvia; Alexander, Nick] SR Strategy LLC, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Kretser, Alison; Hentges, Eric; Jarvis, Ashley] ILSI North Amer, Washington, DC USA. [Steele, Robert] Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kretsch, Molly] ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Applebaum, Rhona] Coca Cola Co, Global Sci & Regulatory Affairs, Atlanta, GA USA. [Clydesdale, Fergus] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Cummins, Deborah] Amer Acad Orthoped Surg, Rosemont, IL USA. [Navia, Juan] McNeil Nutr LLC, Ft Washington, PA USA. [Falci, Ken] Kellogg Co, Battle Creek, MI USA. RP Rowe, S (reprint author), SR Strategy LLC, 1100 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM rowe@srstrategy.com NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0029-6643 EI 1753-4887 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 71 IS 10 BP 682 EP 691 DI 10.1111/nure.12072 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 234BU UT WOS:000325615400004 PM 24117791 ER PT J AU Sivaguru, M Liu, JP Kochian, LV AF Sivaguru, Mayandi Liu, Jiping Kochian, Leon V. TI Targeted expression of SbMATE in the root distal transition zone is responsible for sorghum aluminum resistance SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE aluminum resistance; citrate exudation; aluminum toxicity; laser capture microscopy; Sorghum bicolor ID CULTURED TOBACCO CELLS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; ARABIDOPSIS ROOT; GENE-EXPRESSION; ANION CHANNEL; MAIZE; TOLERANCE; PLANTS; INHIBITION; TOXICITY AB Aluminum (Al) toxicity is one of the major limiting factors for crop production on acid soils that comprise significant portions of the world's lands. Aluminum resistance in the cereal crop Sorghum bicolor is mainly achieved by Al-activated root apical citrate exudation, which is mediated by the plasma membrane localized citrate efflux transporter encoded by SbMATE. Here we precisely localize tissue- and cell-specific Al toxicity responses as well as SbMATE gene and protein expression in root tips of an Al-resistant near-isogenic line (NIL). We found that Al induced the greatest cell damage and generation of reactive oxygen species specifically in the root distal transition zone (DTZ), a region 1-3mm behind the root tip where transition from cell division to cell elongation occurs. These findings indicate that the root DTZ is the primary region of root Al stress. Furthermore, Al-induced SbMATE gene and protein expression were specifically localized to the epidermal and outer cortical cell layers of the DTZ in the Al-resistant NIL, and the process was precisely coincident with the time course of Al induction of SbMATE expression and the onset of the recovery of roots from Al-induced damage. These findings show that SbMATE gene and protein expression are induced when and where the root cells experience the greatest Al stress. Hence, Al-resistant sorghum plants have evolved an effective strategy to precisely localize root citrate exudation to the specific site of greatest Al-induced root damage, which minimizes plant carbon loss while maximizing protection of the root cells most susceptible to Al damage. C1 [Sivaguru, Mayandi] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Liu, Jiping; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kochian, LV (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM lvk1@cornell.edu OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X NR 39 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 76 IS 2 BP 297 EP 307 DI 10.1111/tpj.12290 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 230TZ UT WOS:000325367300011 PM 23865685 ER PT J AU Poovaiah, BW Du, LQ Wang, HZ Yang, TB AF Poovaiah, B. W. Du, Liqun Wang, Huizhong Yang, Tianbao TI Recent Advances in Calcium/Calmodulin-Mediated Signaling with an Emphasis on Plant-Microbe Interactions SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; CALMODULIN-BINDING PROTEIN; RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE; CAMTA TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; REGULATED GENE-EXPRESSION; SALICYLIC-ACID SYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CALCIUM-CALMODULIN; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; PLASMA-MEMBRANE C1 [Poovaiah, B. W.; Du, Liqun] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Du, Liqun; Wang, Huizhong] Hangzhou Normal Univ, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Hangzhou 310036, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Yang, Tianbao] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Poovaiah, BW (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM poovaiah@wsu.edu; liqundu@hznu.edu.cn FU National Science Foundation [1021344]; Washington State University Agricultural Experiment Station; National Science Foundation of China [U1130304]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [1245-43000-012-00D] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. 1021344) and the Washington State University Agricultural Experiment Station (to B. W. P.), by the National Science Foundation of China (grant no. U1130304 to L. D.), and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (project no. 1245-43000-012-00D to T.Y.). NR 145 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 7 U2 54 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 163 IS 2 BP 531 EP 542 DI 10.1104/pp.113.220780 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 233FW UT WOS:000325554100009 PM 24014576 ER PT J AU Boavida, LC Qin, P Broz, M Becker, JD McCormick, S AF Boavida, Leonor C. Qin, Peng Broz, Miranda Becker, Joerg D. McCormick, Sheila TI Arabidopsis Tetraspanins Are Confined to Discrete Expression Domains and Cell Types in Reproductive Tissues and Form Homo- and Heterodimers When Expressed in Yeast SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; MALE GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT; POLLEN-TUBE RECEPTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; DOUBLE FERTILIZATION; SIGNALING COMPLEXES; SPERM CELLS; IN-VITRO; PLANTS AB Tetraspanins are evolutionary conserved transmembrane proteins present in all multicellular organisms. In animals, they are known to act as central organizers of membrane complexes and thought to facilitate diverse biological processes, such as cell proliferation, movement, adhesion, and fusion. The genome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) encodes 17 members of the tetraspanin family; however, little is known about their functions in plant development. Here, we analyzed their phylogeny, protein topology, and domain structure and surveyed their expression and localization patterns in reproductive tissues. We show that, despite their low sequence identity with metazoan tetraspanins, plant tetraspanins display the typical structural topology and most signature features of tetraspanins in other multicellular organisms. Arabidopsis tetraspanins are expressed in diverse tissue domains or cell types in reproductive tissues, and some accumulate at the highest levels in response to pollination in the transmitting tract and stigma, male and female gametophytes and gametes. Arabidopsis tetraspanins are preferentially targeted to the plasma membrane, and they variously associate with specialized membrane domains, in a polarized fashion, to intercellular contacts or plasmodesmata. A membrane-based yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) two-hybrid system established that tetraspanins can physically interact, forming homo-and heterodimer complexes. These results, together with a likely genetic redundancy, suggest that, similar to their metazoan counterparts, plant tetraspanins might be involved in facilitating intercellular communication, whose functions might be determined by the composition of tetraspanin complexes and their binding partners at the cell surface of specific cell types. C1 [Boavida, Leonor C.; Becker, Joerg D.] Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. [Boavida, Leonor C.; Qin, Peng; Broz, Miranda; McCormick, Sheila] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. [Boavida, Leonor C.; Qin, Peng; Broz, Miranda; McCormick, Sheila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. RP Boavida, LC (reprint author), Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. EM lboavida@igc.gulbenkian.pt RI Becker, Jorg/A-5930-2011; Boavida, Leonor/A-5722-2011 OI Becker, Jorg/0000-0002-6845-6122; Boavida, Leonor/0000-0001-6555-0685 FU Marie Curie International Reintegration grant [IRG-256602]; Fundacao Ciencia e Tecnologia [PTDC/AGR-GPL/103778/2008, PTDC/BIA-BCM/103787/2008]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System [5335-21000-030-00D]; Fundacao Ciencia e Tecnologia Postdoctoral Fellowship [SFRH/BPD/43584/2008]; China Scholarship Council; UC-Berkeley College of Natural Resources SPUR FX This work was supported by a Marie Curie International Reintegration grant (no. IRG-256602 to L. C. B.), by PTDC/AGR-GPL/103778/2008 and PTDC/BIA-BCM/103787/2008 from Fundacao Ciencia e Tecnologia (to J.D.B.), and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System (grant no. 5335-21000-030-00D to S. M.). L. C. B. was supported by Fundacao Ciencia e Tecnologia Postdoctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BPD/43584/2008); P. Q. was partially supported by a fellowship from the China Scholarship Council. M. B. participated in the UC-Berkeley College of Natural Resources SPUR (sponsored projects for undergraduate research) program. NR 73 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 163 IS 2 BP 696 EP 712 DI 10.1104/pp.113.216598 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 233FW UT WOS:000325554100024 PM 23946353 ER PT J AU Pei, HX Ma, N Tian, J Luo, J Chen, JW Li, J Zheng, Y Chen, X Fei, ZJ Gao, JP AF Pei, Haixia Ma, Nan Tian, Ji Luo, Jing Chen, Jiwei Li, Jing Zheng, Yi Chen, Xiang Fei, Zhangjun Gao, Junping TI An NAC Transcription Factor Controls Ethylene-Regulated Cell Expansion in Flower Petals SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WIDE COMPARATIVE-ANALYSIS; LATERAL ROOT DEVELOPMENT; SHAPED-COTYLEDON GENES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; AUXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; MESSENGER-RNA; MICRORNA REGULATION; STRESS-RESPONSE; ROSA-HYBRIDA AB Cell expansion is crucial for plant growth. It is well known that the phytohormone ethylene functions in plant development as a key modulator of cell expansion. However, the role of ethylene in the regulation of this process remains unclear. In this study, 2,189 ethylene-responsive transcripts were identified in rose (Rosa hybrida) petals using transcriptome sequencing and microarray analysis. Among these transcripts, an NAC (for no apical meristem [NAM], Arabidopsis transcription activation factor [ATAF], and cup-shaped cotyledon [CUC])-domain transcription factor gene, RhNAC100, was rapidly and dramatically induced by ethylene in the petals. Interestingly, accumulation of the RhNAC100 transcript was modulated by ethylene via microRNA164-dependent posttranscriptional regulation. Overexpression of RhNAC100 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) substantially reduced the petal size by repressing petal cell expansion. By contrast, silencing of RhNAC100 in rose petals using virus-induced gene silencing significantly increased petal size and promoted cell expansion in the petal abaxial subepidermis (P < 0.05). Expression analysis showed that 22 out of the 29 cell expansion-related genes tested exhibited changes in expression in RhNAC100-silenced rose petals. Moreover, of those genes, one cellulose synthase and two aquaporin genes (Rosa hybrida Cellulose Synthase2 and R. hybrida Plasma Membrane Intrinsic Protein1;1/2;1) were identified as targets of RhNAC100. Our results suggest that ethylene regulates cell expansion by fine-tuning the microRNA164/RhNAC100 module and also provide new insights into the function of NAC transcription factors. C1 [Pei, Haixia; Ma, Nan; Tian, Ji; Luo, Jing; Chen, Jiwei; Li, Jing; Zheng, Yi; Chen, Xiang; Gao, Junping] China Agr Univ, Dept Ornamental Hort, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Yi; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Gao, JP (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Ornamental Hort, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM gaojp@cau.edu.cn RI Gao, Junping/H-5612-2011; Zheng, Yi/F-6150-2016 OI Zheng, Yi/0000-0002-8042-7770 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31130048, 30671480] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 31130048 and 30671480 to J.G.). NR 93 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 9 U2 71 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 163 IS 2 BP 775 EP 791 DI 10.1104/pp.113.223388 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 233FW UT WOS:000325554100030 PM 23933991 ER PT J AU Anower, MR Mott, IW Peel, MD Wu, YJ AF Anower, M. Rokebul Mott, Ivan W. Peel, Michael D. Wu, Yajun TI Characterization of physiological responses of two alfalfa half-sib families with improved salt tolerance SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Alfalfa; Salt tolerance; Ion content; Stem length; Leaf number; Chlorophyll ID MEDICAGO-SATIVA L; SODIUM-CHLORIDE STRESS; SALINITY TOLERANCE; WATER-STRESS; ION ACCUMULATION; SOIL-SALINITY; GROWTH-STAGES; GERMINATION; PLANTS; NACL AB Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a major forage crop worldwide that is relatively sensitive to soil salinity. Improved cultivars with high production on saline soil will benefit many producers and land managers. This study reports the characterization of physiological responses of two unrelated experimental alfalfa half-sib families, HS-A and HS-B, selected for their improved survival under saline conditions (up to EC 18). Six-week-old plants were subjected to NaCl-nutrient solution treatment for three weeks starting at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 3 dS m(-1) with incremental increases of 3 dS m(-1) every week, reaching 9 dS m(-1) in the third week. HS-B showed greater leaf number (72%) and stem length (44%) while HS-A showed better leaf production (84%) under salt treatment compared to the initial genetic backgrounds from which they were developed. This improved growth is associated with 208% and 78% greater accumulation of chlorophyll content in HS-B and HS-A, respectively. Both HS-A and HS-B also showed improved capability to maintain water content (RWC) under salt stress compared to the initial populations. Differing from its initial populations (P-B), HS-B did not accumulate Na in shoots after salt treatment. HS-B also maintained K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios, while P-B showed 59% and 69% decrease in these ion ratios, respectively. Na+ content in HS-A was not different from its initial populations (P-A) after salt treatment. However, HS-A showed an enhanced accumulation of Ca2+ and maintained the levels of Mg2+ and K+ in shoots compared to the P-A populations. This study provides physiological support of improved salt tolerance in HS-A and HS-B and suggests that these plants maintain ion homeostasis but have different mechanisms of coping with high salinity. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Anower, M. Rokebul; Wu, Yajun] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Mott, Ivan W.; Peel, Michael D.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wu, YJ (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM yajun.wu@sdstate.edu FU USDA-AFRI [2010-65114-20359]; USDA-Agriculture Research Service (ARS); South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station at South Dakota State University FX This research was supported by a USDA-AFRI grant no. 2010-65114-20359. This work was also supported by the USDA-Agriculture Research Service (ARS) and the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station at South Dakota State University. We are grateful to Ms. Kim Thorsted (USDA-ARS, Utah) for her generous help. NR 74 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 71 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.06.026 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 236YY UT WOS:000325836600012 PM 23911728 ER PT J AU Zhang, YP Zhang, CQ Parker, DB Snow, DD Zhou, Z Li, X AF Zhang, Yuping Zhang, Chiqian Parker, David B. Snow, Daniel D. Zhou, Zhi Li, Xu TI Occurrence of antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance genes in beef cattle storage ponds and swine treatment lagoons SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Antibiotic resistance gene; Antimicrobial; Lagoon; Storage pond; Tetracycline; Sulfonamide ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; WASTE-WATER; CONJUGATIVE TRANSPOSONS; SULFONAMIDE RESISTANCE; VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TETRACYCLINE AB Livestock manure treatment and storage structures are potential environmental sources of antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, the occurrence of antimicrobials and ARGs was investigated in the water and the sludge compartments of beef cattle storage ponds and swine lagoons. Analysis was focused on two families of antimicrobials (sulfonamide and tetracycline) and the corresponding ARGs (sul1, sul2, tetO, tetQ and tetX). Results showed that the pseudo-partitioning coefficients of tetracyclines were higher than those of sulfonamides, suggesting different distributions of these two classes of antimicrobials between water and sludge. The ARGs tested were detected in nearly all ponds and lagoons, with the highest relative abundance in sul2 at 6.3 x 10(-1) copies per 16S rRNA gene. A positive correlation was observed between total sul genes and total sulfonamides in water while the correlation was negative in sludge. No significant correlation was found between total tet genes and total tetracyclines in either water or sludge, but significant correlations were observed for certain individual tet genes. Ammonia concentrations strongly correlated with all ARGs except tetX This study provided quantitative information on the occurrence of antimicrobials and ARGs in the liquid and solid compartments of typical manure treatment and storage structures. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Yuping; Zhang, Chiqian; Li, Xu] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Parker, David B.] USDA, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Snow, Daniel D.] Univ Nebraska, Water Sci Lab, Lincoln, NE USA. [Zhou, Zhi] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 117548, Singapore. RP Li, X (reprint author), 844 N 16th St,N117 SLNK, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM xuli@unl.edu RI Zhou, Zhi/C-2653-2011; Li, Xu/K-1957-2014 OI Zhou, Zhi/0000-0003-1252-2626; FU USGS 104b program FX We would like to thank Bryan Woodbury and Zhongtian Li for helping with sampling. This research was financially supported by the USGS 104b program. NR 54 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 9 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 463 BP 631 EP 638 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.016 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 236WW UT WOS:000325831200071 PM 23838056 ER PT J AU Zhang, XS Izaurralde, RC Arnold, JG Williams, JR Srinivasan, R AF Zhang, Xuesong Izaurralde, R. Cesar Arnold, Jeffrey G. Williams, Jimmy R. Srinivasan, Raghavan TI Modifying the Soil and Water Assessment Tool to simulate cropland carbon flux: Model development and initial evaluation SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Carbon; Climate change; Evapotranspiration; Net ecosystem exchange; Spatial and Temporal Variation; Watershed modeling ID ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; RIVER-BASIN; AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS; CHANGE IMPACTS; SEQUESTRATION; SWAT; AGROECOSYSTEMS AB Climate change is one of the most compelling modern issues and has important implications for almost every aspect of natural and human systems. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has been applied worldwide to support sustainable land and water management in a changing climate. However, the inadequacies of the existing carbon algorithm in SWAT limit its application in assessing impacts of human activities on CO2 emission, one important source of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) that traps heat in the earth system and results in global warming. In this research, we incorporate a revised version of the CENTURY carbon model into SWAT to describe dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM)-residue and simulate land-atmosphere carbon exchange. We test this new SWAT-C model with daily eddy covariance (EC) observations of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and evapotranspiration (ET) and annual crop yield at six sites across the U.S. Midwest. Results show that SWAT-C simulates well multi-year average NEE and ET across the spatially distributed sites and capture the majority of temporal variation of thesetwo variables at a daily time scale at each site. Our analyses also reveal that performance of SWAT-C is influenced by multiple factors, such as crop management practices (irrigated vs. rainfed), completeness and accuracy of input data, crop species, and initialization of state variables. Overall, the new SWAT-C demonstrates favorable performance for simulating land-atmosphere carbon exchange across agricultural sites with different soils, climate, and management practices. SWAT-C is expected to serve as a useful tool for including carbon flux into consideration in sustainable watershed management under a changing climate. We also note that extensive assessment of SWAT-C with field observations is required for further improving the model and understanding potential uncertainties of applying it across large regions with complex landscapes. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Xuesong; Izaurralde, R. Cesar] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Zhang, Xuesong; Izaurralde, R. Cesar] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Williams, Jimmy R.] AgriLIFE Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Srinivasan, Raghavan] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Zhang, XS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RI zhang, xuesong/B-7907-2009; Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 FU DOE Office of Science [DE-FCO2-07ER64494, KP1601050]; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-ACO5-76RL01830, OBP 20469-19145]; NASA [NNH12AUO3I, NNHO8ZDA001N] FX We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their thorough and constructive comments, which substantially improved the quality of this paper. We sincerely appreciate Dr. Cindy Keough at the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado state University, for sharing the latest of code of the Daily CENTURY model. This research received financial support from DOE Office of Science (DE-FCO2-07ER64494, KP1601050) and Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DE-ACO5-76RL01830, OBP 20469-19145), and NASA (NNH12AUO3I and NNHO8ZDA001N). We would like to thank the North American Carbon Program Site-Level Interim Synthesis team, the Modeling and Synthesis Thematic Data Center, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, and the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, AmeriFlux Network internet site, for collecting, organizing, and distributing the model input data and flux observations employed in this analysis. NR 76 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 81 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 463 BP 810 EP 822 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.056 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 236WW UT WOS:000325831200090 PM 23859899 ER PT J AU Asem-Hiablie, S Church, CD Elliott, HA Shappell, NW Schoenfuss, HL Drechsel, P Williams, CF Knopf, AL Dabie, MY AF Asem-Hiablie, S. Church, C. D. Elliott, H. A. Shappell, N. W. Schoenfuss, H. L. Drechsel, P. Williams, C. F. Knopf, A. L. Dabie, M. Y. TI Serum estrogenicity and biological responses in African catfish raised in wastewater ponds in Ghana SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Endocrine disrupting compound (EDC); Water reuse; Estrogens; Aquaculture; E-SCREEN; Effluent treatment ID E-SCREEN ASSAY; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; SOUTH-AFRICA; CLARIAS-GARIEPINUS; RIVER WATER; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; NATURE-RESERVE; STW EFFLUENT; IN-VIVO AB Reuse of wastewater for aquaculture improves the efficient use of water and promotes sustainability but the potential effects of endocrine disrupting compounds including estrogens in wastewater are an emerging challenge that needs to be addressed. We examined the biological effects of wastewater-borne estrogens on African catfish (C/arias gariepinus) raised in a wastewater stabilization pond (WSP) of a functioning municipal wastewater treatment plant, a wastewater polishing pond (WWP) of a dysfunctional treatment plant, and a reference pond (RP) unimpacted by wastewater, located in Ghana. Measurements of estrogen concentrations in pond water by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry showed that mean 17 beta-estradiol concentrations were higher in the wastewater ponds (WWP, 6.6 ng/L +/- 2.7 ng/L; WSP, 4.9 ng/L +/- 1.0) than the reference (RP, 3.4 +/- 1.1 ng/L). Estrone concentrations were found to be highest in the WSP (7.8 ng/L +/- 1.7) and lowest in the WWP (2.2 ng/L +/- 2.4) with the RP intermediate (4.7 +/- 5.0). Fish serum estrogenicity assayed by E-SCREEN was significantly higher in female vs. male catfish in the RP and WSP but not in the WWP (p <= 0.05). Histological examination of liver and gonad tissue showed no apparent signs of intersex or pathology in any ponds. The similarities in various measures of body indices between fish of this study and African catfish from freshwater systems suggest that aquaculture may be a suitable reuse option for treated municipal wastewater. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Asem-Hiablie, S.; Elliott, H. A.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Church, C. D.] ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, USDA, University Pk, PA USA. [Shappell, N. W.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. [Schoenfuss, H. L.] St Cloud State Univ, Aquat Toxicol Lab, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Drechsel, P.] Int Water Management Inst, Colombo, Sri Lanka. [Williams, C. F.; Knopf, A. L.] ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Dabie, M. Y.] Univ Ghana, Dept Biochem, Legon, Ghana. RP Asem-Hiablie, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, 249 Agr & Biol Engn Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM sza135@psu.edu FU U. S. Agency for International Development under the Norman Borlaug Leadership Enhancement in Agriculture Program (LEAP) Fellowship FX This study has been supported by the U. S. Agency for International Development under the Norman Borlaug Leadership Enhancement in Agriculture Program (LEAP) Fellowship. We thank the following people for their assistance with sampling, laboratory assistance and other forms of logistical support: Dr. Elvis Nyarko, Mr. Emmanuel Klubi, Prof. Chris Gordon and staff of ECOLAB (University of Ghana, Legon); Mr. Selorme Adukpo and Mr. Alfred Dodoo (Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Legon); Dr Philip Amoah (International Water Management Institute) and Dr Bernard Keraita; Dr. Arthur Hattel and Ms. Roberta Homer (Animal Diagnostics Laboratory, Penn State University); Dr. Jacob Werner (Centralized Biological Laboratory, Penn State University) and Dr. Dennis McIntosh (Delaware State University). We are grateful to Drs. Ana Soto and Carlos Sonnenschein, Tufts University, Boston, MA for graciously providing the MCF-7 BUS cell line for the E-SCREEN assay. Dennis Helsel and Lee Lopaka provided the R NADA script to run descriptive statistics on our water samples for which we are sincerely grateful. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 463 BP 1182 EP 1191 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.032 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 236WW UT WOS:000325831200129 PM 23849063 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Venkitasamy, C Pan, ZL Wang, W AF Zhang, Yin Venkitasamy, Chandrasekar Pan, Zhongli Wang, Wei TI Recent developments on umami ingredients of edible mushrooms - A review SO TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID NONVOLATILE TASTE COMPONENTS; SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION; AGARICUS-BISPORUS; AMINO-ACIDS; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; AGROCYBE-CYLINDRACEA; MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS; POSTHARVEST STORAGE AB Umami is a pleasant savory taste which has been attributed mainly to the presence of sodium salts of glutamic and aspartic amino acids and 5'-nucleotides. It was widely investigated in recent years. Edible mushrooms have a peculiar umami taste. The umami taste makes the edible mushrooms palatable and adaptable in most food preparations. There is an increased interest on the evaluation of umami ingredients in various edible mushroom species in recent years. This paper mainly summarizes effects of the species type, maturity stage, part of mushroom, quality grade, storing time and processing methods on contents of umami ingredients in edible mushrooms. In addition, newly developed mushroom products, health benefits of mushroom products, safety of umami ingredients are reviewed and the future trends of the umami ingredients in the edible mushrooms are proposed. C1 [Zhang, Yin; Wang, Wei] Chengdu Univ, AKey Lab Meat Proc Sichuan, Chengdu 610106, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yin; Venkitasamy, Chandrasekar; Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] USDA ARS WRRC, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Chengdu Univ, AKey Lab Meat Proc Sichuan, Chengdu 610106, Peoples R China. EM yin.zhang@mail.scut.edu.cn FU China Scholarship Council for Science, Engineering and Technology under the Government of China FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the China Scholarship Council for Science, Engineering and Technology under the Government of China. The authors would also like to thank the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions on our manuscript. NR 99 TC 13 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0924-2244 J9 TRENDS FOOD SCI TECH JI Trends Food Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 33 IS 2 BP 78 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.08.002 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 238OC UT WOS:000325956300001 ER PT J AU Vardon, DR Moser, BR Zheng, W Witkin, K Evangelista, RL Strathmann, TJ Rajagopalan, K Sharma, BK AF Vardon, Derek R. Moser, Bryan R. Zheng, Wei Witkin, Katie Evangelista, Roque L. Strathmann, Timothy J. Rajagopalan, Kishore Sharma, Brajendra K. TI Complete Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds To Produce Biodiesel, Bio-Oil, and Biochar SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Coffee grounds; Coffee oil; Biodiesel; Bio-oil; Biochar; Pyrolysis ID SLOW PYROLYSIS; HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; BIOMASS PYROLYSIS; BIOCRUDE OIL; FUELS; PETROLEUM; RESIDUES; BAGASSE; VALUES AB This study presents the complete utilization of spent coffee grounds to produce biodiesel, bio-oil, and biochar. Lipids extracted from spent grounds were converted to biodiesel. The neat biodiesel and blended (B5 and B20) fuel properties were evaluated against ASTM and EN standards. Although neat biodiesel displayed high viscosity, moisture, sulfur, and poor oxidative stability, B5 and B20 met ASTM blend specifications. Slow pyrolysis of defatted coffee grounds was performed to generate bio-oil and biochar as valuable co-products. The effect of feedstock defatting was assessed through bio-oil analyses including elemental and functional group composition, compound identification, and molecular weight and boiling point distributions. Feedstock defatting reduced pyrolysis bio-oil yields, energy density, and aliphatic functionality, while increasing the number of low-boiling oxygenates. The high bio-oil heteroatom content will likely require upgrading. Additionally, biochar derived from spent and defatted grounds were analyzed for their physicochemical properties. Both biochars displayed similar surface area and elemental constituents. Application of biochar with fertilizer enhanced sorghum-sudangrass yields over 2-fold, indicating the potential of biochar as a soil amendment. C1 [Vardon, Derek R.; Zheng, Wei; Witkin, Katie; Rajagopalan, Kishore; Sharma, Brajendra K.] Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Vardon, Derek R.; Strathmann, Timothy J.] Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Moser, Bryan R.; Evangelista, Roque L.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Sharma, BK (reprint author), Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, 1 Hazelwood Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM bksharma@illinois.edu RI Strathmann, Timothy/K-7606-2012; Vardon, Derek/B-8249-2017 OI Strathmann, Timothy/0000-0002-7299-3115; Vardon, Derek/0000-0002-0199-4524 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Graduate Fellowship Program; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Illinois; University of Illinois Research Board; National Science Foundation Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems [CBET-0746453] FX The research described in this paper has been funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Graduate Fellowship Program. The EPA has not officially endorsed this publication, and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the EPA. Financial support was also provided by the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Illinois, the University of Illinois Research Board, and the National Science Foundation Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (CBET-0746453). NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 92 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 1 IS 10 BP 1286 EP 1294 DI 10.1021/sc400145w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA 232RP UT WOS:000325512000010 ER PT J AU Goolsby, JA Racelis, AE Goolsby, JB Kirk, AA Cristofaro, M Grusak, MA de Leon, AP AF Goolsby, John A. Racelis, Alex E. Goolsby, Julia B. Kirk, Alan A. Cristofaro, Massimo Grusak, Michael A. de Leon, Adalberto Perez TI Evaluation of biogeographical factors in the native range to improve the success of biological control agents in the introduced range SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Invasive grasses; Rhizaspidiotus donacis; Arundo donax; giant reed; climate ID DONACIS HEMIPTERA DIASPIDIDAE; ARUNDO-DONAX; GIANT REED; RHIZASPIDIOTUS-DONACIS; HYMENOPTERA EURYTOMIDAE; NORTH-AMERICA; ARMORED SCALE; RIO-GRANDE; HOST-RANGE; DIVERSITY AB Biogeographical factors associated with the invasive weed Arundo donax were evaluated at 22 different locations in four countries in its native range in reference to its key herbivore, an armoured scale insect, Rhizaspidiotus donacis. Data on climate, plant health and quality, soil conditions and anthropogenic influences were analysed for each site and compared to populations of R. donacis. Climate modelling from location data in Spain and France accurately predicted the native range of the scale in the warmer, drier parts of Italy and Greece and was used to predict its distribution in North America. Presence of the scale was not associated with specific soil type or characteristics. However, it was positively associated with a higher percentage of dead stems and significantly lower biomass of A. donax. Micronutrient sampling using leaf material found that sulphur was negatively correlated with aluminium and positively correlated with boron for scale density. Disturbance of field sites by cutting and/or addition of supplemental irrigation during summer appeared to disrupt the synchronised seasonal phenology of A. donax and R. donacis, leading to more robust stands. These biogeographical factors from the native range indicate that R. donacis should have the greatest impact in warm, dry climates in the introduced range where A. donax is undisturbed. C1 [Goolsby, John A.] ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX USA. [Racelis, Alex E.] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Goolsby, Julia B.] Int Baccalaureate High Sch, Mcallen, TX USA. [Kirk, Alan A.] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Cristofaro, Massimo] Biotechnol & Biol Control Agcy, Rome, Italy. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [de Leon, Adalberto Perez] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Lab, Kerrville, TX USA. RP Goolsby, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX USA. EM john.goolsby@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection FX The authors wish to thank Ann Vacek, Crystal Salinas, Emmett Kunz, Jose Escamilla, Kari Skalitsky, Sophia Daniels, Alba Mejorado, Matthew Rector and Danny Agado (USDA-ARS, Edinburg, TX) for technical support in the quarantine facility; Matt Ciomperlik, and Albino Chavarria (USDA-APHIS) for providing space in the quarantine facility; Kim Hoelmer (USDA-ARS Montpellier, France) and Nikos Roditakis (Crete, Greece) for local logistical support, Jason Tidwell (USDA-ARS, Edinburg, TX) for creating Figure 1. and Patrick J. Moran (USDA-ARS) and Frank Reilly (LMI, Inc., Arlington, VA) for helpful reviews of the manuscript. Funding was provided by USDA-ARS and the Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 23 IS 10 BP 1213 EP 1230 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.822848 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 220UD UT WOS:000324611500007 ER PT J AU Cao, GL Ximenes, E Nichols, NN Zhang, LY Ladisch, M AF Cao, Guangli Ximenes, Eduardo Nichols, Nancy N. Zhang, Leyu Ladisch, Michael TI Biological abatement of cellulase inhibitors SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bio-abatement; Inhibitors; Biomass liquor; Enzymatic hydrolysis ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; FERMENTATION INHIBITORS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; DETOXIFICATION; ETHANOL; PRETREATMENT; FERMENTABILITY; DIGESTIBILITY; RECALCITRANCE; BIOCONVERSION AB Removal of enzyme inhibitors released during lignocellulose pretreatment is essential for economically feasible biofuel production. We tested bio-abatement to mitigate enzyme inhibitor effects observed in corn stover liquors after pretreatment with either dilute acid or liquid hot water at 10% (w/v) solids. Bio-abatement of liquors was followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. To distinguish between inhibitor effects on enzymes and recalcitrance of the substrate, pretreated corn stover solids were removed and replaced with 1% (w/v) Solka Floc. Cellulose conversion in the presence of bio-abated liquors from dilute acid pretreatment was 8.6% (0.1x enzyme) and 16% (1x enzyme) higher than control (non-abated) samples. In the presence of bio-abated liquor from liquid hot water pretreated corn stover, 10% (0.1x enzyme) and 13% (1x enzyme) higher cellulose conversion was obtained compared to control. Bio-abatement yielded improved enzyme hydrolysis in the same range as that obtained using a chemical (overliming) method for mitigating inhibitors. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cao, Guangli; Ximenes, Eduardo; Zhang, Leyu; Ladisch, Michael] Purdue Univ, Renewable Resources Engn Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Nichols, Nancy N.] USDA ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Cao, Guangli] Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Life Sci & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. RP Ladisch, M (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ladisch@purdue.edu OI Ximenes, Eduardo/0000-0001-9087-0218 FU National Creative Research Group, China [50821002] FX The authors thank Nathan Mosier and Abigail Engelberth, of LORRE, Purdue University, and Michael Cotta of the Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, for their internal review of this manuscript. The authors also thank Xingya (Linda) Liu and Sarah E. Frazer for excellent technical assistance. This work was supported in part by project 50821002 (National Creative Research Group, China). Michael Ladisch is Chief Technology Officer at Mascoma Corporation. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 146 BP 604 EP 610 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.112 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 231TZ UT WOS:000325442600081 PM 23973982 ER PT J AU Cui, LH Ouyang, Y Gu, WJ Yang, WZ Xu, QL AF Cui, Lihua Ouyang, Ying Gu, Wenjie Yang, Weizhi Xu, Qiaoling TI Evaluation of nutrient removal efficiency and microbial enzyme activity in a baffled subsurface-flow constructed wetland system SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Constructed wetland; Baffled subsurface-flow; Enzyme activity; Nitrogen and phosphorus removal ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; NITROGEN REMOVAL; BIODEGRADATION; PLANTS AB In this study, the enzyme activities and their relationships to domestic wastewater purification are investigated in four different types of subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (CWs), namely the traditional horizontal subsurface-flow, horizontal baffled subsurface-flow, vertical baffled subsurface-flow, and composite baffled subsurface-flow CWs. Results showed that the urease activity in the composite baffled subsurface-flow CW was significantly higher than in the other three CWs, while the phosphatase activity in the vertical baffled subsurface-flow CW were higher than in the other three CWs. There were significant and very significant correlations between the activities of urease and the removal rates of TN and NH4+-N for the horizontal baffled flow, horizontal subsurface flow, and composite baffled subsurface flow CWs. This study suggests that the activity of urease in the root zones of those three CWs is an important indicator for N purification from wastewaters. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cui, Lihua; Yang, Weizhi; Xu, Qiaoling] South China Agr Univ, Coll Nat Resource & Environm, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China. [Ouyang, Ying] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gu, Wenjie] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Soil & Fertilizer, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China. RP Cui, LH (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Coll Nat Resource & Environm, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China. EM Lihcui@scau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41071214, 41271245]; Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province [2010B031800007, 2012A020100003]; Key Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou [2008Z1-E621]; Project for Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes [2012gczxA1004] FX The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41071214; No. 41271245), the Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province (No. 2010B031800007, 2012A020100003), the Key Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou (No. 2008Z1-E621), and the Project for Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes (No. 2012gczxA1004). NR 22 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 146 BP 656 EP 662 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.105 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 231TZ UT WOS:000325442600088 PM 23982062 ER PT J AU Johnson, RC Hellier, BC Vance-Borland, KW AF Johnson, R. C. Hellier, Barbara C. Vance-Borland, Ken W. TI Genecology and seed zones for tapertip onion in the US Great Basin SO BOTANY-BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article DE Allium acuminatum; genecology; genetic resources; restoration ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; LOCAL ADAPTATION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; GENETIC-VARIATION; SAGE-GROUSE; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; CONCEPTUAL ISSUES; LIFE-HISTORY; DOUGLAS-FIR; OREGON AB The choice of germplasm is critical for sustainable restoration, yet seed transfer guidelines are lacking for all but a few herbaceous species. Seed transfer zones based on genetic variability and climate were developed using tapertip onion (Allium acuminatum Hook.) collected in the Great Basin and surrounding areas in the United States. Bulbs from 53 locations were established at two common garden sites and morphological (such as leaf and scape dimensions), phenological (such as bolting date and flowering), and production traits (such as emergence and seeds per plant) were measured. Differences among source locations for plant traits within both common gardens were strong (P < 0.001), indicating genetic variation. Principal component 1 (PC 1) for phenological traits, with R-2 = 0.59, and PC 1 for production traits, with R-2 = 0.65, were consistently correlated with annual, maximum, minimum, and average temperature, annual precipitation, and frost-free days at source locations (P < 0.05). Regression of PC 1 phenology and PC 1 production scores with source location climates resulted in models with R-2 values of 0.73 and 0.52, respectively. Using a geographic information system, maps of these models were overlaid to develop proposed seed zones to guide the choice of germplasm for conservation and restoration of tapertip onion across the collection region. C1 [Johnson, R. C.; Hellier, Barbara C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Vance-Borland, Ken W.] Conservat Planning Inst, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Box 646402, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rcjohnson@wsu.edu FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project through the Bureau of Land Management FX We thank Robert Adair and Walter Kaiser for assisting in field collections, and Tamra Putensen for data collection in common gardens. Funding for this research was provided by the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project through the Bureau of Land Management. Mention of companies or trade names in this article does not constitute an endorsement of any product or procedure. NR 47 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 20 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1916-2790 EI 1916-2804 J9 BOTANY JI Botany PD OCT PY 2013 VL 91 IS 10 BP 686 EP 694 DI 10.1139/cjb-2013-0046 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 233EH UT WOS:000325548500005 ER PT J AU Birdsey, R Pan, YD Houghton, R AF Birdsey, Richard Pan, Yude Houghton, Richard TI Sustainable landscapes in a world of change: tropical forests, land use and implementation of REDD plus : Part I Foreword SO CARBON MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE carbon sinks; deforestation; forest degradation; monitoring; tropical forests ID EMISSIONS C1 [Birdsey, Richard; Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Houghton, Richard] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA. RP Birdsey, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA USA. EM rbirdsey@fs.fed.us RI Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1758-3004 EI 1758-3012 J9 CARBON MANAG JI Carbon Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 465 EP 468 DI 10.4155/CMT.13.53 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 233TF UT WOS:000325591700001 ER PT J AU Birdsey, R Angeles-Perez, G Kurz, WA Lister, A Olguin, M Pan, YD Wayson, C Wilson, B Johnson, K AF Birdsey, Richard Angeles-Perez, Gregorio Kurz, Werner A. Lister, Andrew Olguin, Marcela Pan, Yude Wayson, Craig Wilson, Barry Johnson, Kristofer TI Approaches to monitoring changes in carbon stocks for REDD SO CARBON MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; GLOBAL VEGETATION MODELS; FOREST INVENTORY DATA; TROPICAL FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; STORAGE; UNCERTAINTY; DYNAMICS; BALANCE AB Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation plus improving forest-management (REDD+) is a mechanism to facilitate tropical countries' participation in climate change mitigation. In this review we focus on the current state of monitoring systems to support implementing REDD+. The main elements of current monitoring systems - Landsat satellites and traditional forest inventories - will continue to be the backbone of many forest-monitoring systems around the world, but new remote-sensing and analytical approaches are addressing monitoring problems specific to the tropics and implementing REDD+. There is increasing recognition of the utility of combining remote sensing with field data using models that integrate information from many sources, which will continue to evolve as new sensors are deployed and as the availability of field data increases. C1 [Birdsey, Richard; Lister, Andrew; Pan, Yude; Johnson, Kristofer] US Forest Serv, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Angeles-Perez, Gregorio] Colegio Postgrad Postgrad Forestal, Texcoco, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. [Kurz, Werner A.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Olguin, Marcela] Comis Nacl Forestal, Proyecto Mexico Noruega, Coyoacan 04100, DF Col Del Carm, Mexico. [Wayson, Craig] SilvaCarbon Program, Lima 27, Peru. [Wilson, Barry] US Forest Serv, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Birdsey, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 11 Campus Blvd,Ste 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM rbirdsey@fs.fed.us RI Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015; OI Kurz, Werner/0000-0003-4576-7849 FU United States Agency for International Development (Washington, DC, USA); SilvaCarbon Program (Washington, DC, USA); Department of Agriculture Forest Service (PA, USA); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Washington, DC, USA); Canadian Forest Service of Natural Resources Canada (Ottawa, Canada); Mexican Forest Service and the Mexico-Norway Program (Washington, DC, USA); Commission for Environmental Cooperation representing Canada, Mexico and the USA (Montreal, Canada) FX The authors thank the many different sponsors of the research and technology represented in this paper: The United States Agency for International Development (Washington, DC, USA), the SilvaCarbon Program (Washington, DC, USA), the Department of Agriculture Forest Service (PA, USA), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Washington, DC, USA); the Canadian Forest Service of Natural Resources Canada (Ottawa, Canada); the Mexican Forest Service and the Mexico-Norway Program (Washington, DC, USA); and the Commission for Environmental Cooperation representing Canada, Mexico and the USA (Montreal, Canada). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 110 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 48 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1758-3004 EI 1758-3012 J9 CARBON MANAG JI Carbon Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 4 IS 5 BP 519 EP 537 DI 10.4155/CMT.13.49 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 233TF UT WOS:000325591700012 ER PT J AU Heraty, JM Burks, RA Cruaud, A Gibson, GAP Liljeblad, J Munro, J Rasplus, JY Delvare, G Jansta, P Gumovsky, A Huber, J Woolley, JB Krogmann, L Heydon, S Polaszek, A Schmidt, S Darling, DC Gates, MW Mottern, J Murray, E Dal Molin, A Triapitsyn, S Baur, H Pinto, JD van Noort, S George, J Yoder, M AF Heraty, John M. Burks, Roger A. Cruaud, Astrid Gibson, Gary A. P. Liljeblad, Johan Munro, James Rasplus, Jean-Yves Delvare, Gerard Jansta, Peter Gumovsky, Alex Huber, John Woolley, James B. Krogmann, Lars Heydon, Steve Polaszek, Andrew Schmidt, Stefan Darling, D. Chris Gates, Michael W. Mottern, Jason Murray, Elizabeth Dal Molin, Ana Triapitsyn, Serguei Baur, Hannes Pinto, John D. van Noort, Simon George, Jeremiah Yoder, Matthew TI A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) SO CLADISTICS LA English DT Review ID MULTIPOROUS PLATE SENSILLA; ANTENNAL SENSILLA; PERILAMPIDAE HYMENOPTERA; COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; WASPS HYMENOPTERA; FIG WASPS; TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE HYMENOPTERA; APHELINIDAE HYMENOPTERA; EULOPHIDAE HYMENOPTERA AB Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) is extremely diverse with an estimated 500000 species. We present the first phylogenetic analysis of the superfamily based on both morphological and molecular data. A web-based, systematics workbench mx was used to score 945 character states illustrated by 648 figures for 233 morphological characters for a total of 66645 observations for 300 taxa. The matrix covers 22 chalcidoid families recognized herein and includes 268 genera within 78 of 83 subfamilies. Morphological data were analysed alone and in combination with molecular data from ribosomal 18S (2105bp) and 28S D2-D5 expansion regions (1812bp). Analyses were analysed alone and in combined datasets using implied-weights parsimony and likelihood. Proposed changes in higher classification resulting from the analyses include: (i) recognition of Eriaporidae, revised status; (ii) recognition of Cynipencyrtidae, revised status; (iii) recognition of Azotidae, revised status; (iv) inclusion of Sycophaginae in Agaonidae, revised status; (v) reclassification of Aphelinidae to include Aphelininae, Calesinae, Coccophaginae, Eretmocerinae and Eriaphytinae; (vi) inclusion of Cratominae and Panstenoninae within Pteromalinae (Pteromalidae), new synonymy; (vii) inclusion of Epichrysomallinae in Pteromalidae, revised status. At a higher level, Chalcidoidea was monophyletic, with Mymaridae the sister group of Rotoitidae plus the remaining Chalcidoidea. A eulophid lineage was recovered that included Aphelinidae, Azotidae, Eulophidae, Signiphoridae, Tetracampidae and Trichogrammatidae. Eucharitidae and Perilampidae were monophyletic if Eutrichosomatinae (Pteromalidae) was included, and Eupelmidae was monophyletic if Oodera (Pteromalidae: Cleonyminae) was included. Likelihood recovered a clade of Eupelmidae+(Tanaostigmatidae+(Cynipencyrtus+Encyrtidae). Support for other lineages and their impact on the classification of Chalcidoidea is discussed. Several life-history traits are mapped onto the new phylogeny. C1 [Heraty, John M.; Burks, Roger A.; Cruaud, Astrid; Liljeblad, Johan; Munro, James; Mottern, Jason; Murray, Elizabeth; Triapitsyn, Serguei; Pinto, John D.; George, Jeremiah] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Burks, Roger A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cruaud, Astrid; Rasplus, Jean-Yves] INRA, UMR CBGP CS30016 1062, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Gibson, Gary A. P.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Liljeblad, Johan] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Species Informat Ctr, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Munro, James] Univ Maryland, Inst Genome Sci, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Delvare, Gerard] Cirad, INRA, UMR CBGP CS30016 1062, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Jansta, Peter] Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Gumovsky, Alex] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Schmalhausen Inst Zool, UA-3001601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Huber, John] Canadian Natl Collect Insects, Nat Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Woolley, James B.; Dal Molin, Ana] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Krogmann, Lars] State Museum Nat Hist Stuttgart, Dept Entomol, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. [Heydon, Steve] Univ Calif Davis, Bohart Museum Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Polaszek, Andrew] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England. [Schmidt, Stefan] Zool Staatssammlung, Staatliche Nat Wissensch Sammlungen Bayerns, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Darling, D. Chris] Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Darling, D. Chris] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Gates, Michael W.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, PSI,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Baur, Hannes] Nat Hist Museum Burgergemeinde Bern, Abt Wirbellose Tiere, CH-3005 Bern, Switzerland. [van Noort, Simon] Iziko South African Museum, Nat Hist Dept, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. [van Noort, Simon] Univ Cape Town, Dept Zool, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Yoder, Matthew] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Heraty, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM john.heraty@ucr.edu RI Munro, James/C-5489-2009; van Noort, Simon/C-4006-2017; OI Munro, James/0000-0003-3067-6434; van Noort, Simon/0000-0001-6930-9741; Liljeblad, Johan/0000-0003-0442-8162 FU National Science Foundation [TOL EF-0341149, PEET DEB-0730616, SVV-2012-265206]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Germany); SFFR (Ukraine); BELSPO (Belgium); Genoscope, project @Speed-Id FX We would like to dedicate this paper to the memory of Zdenek Boucek (1924-2011) for his dedication to the classification of Chalcidoidea and his influence on many of the authors. We also thank Matt Buffington, John LaSalle and John Noyes for their thoughtful reviews of the manuscript. Help with specimen imaging and sequencing was provided by Lisa Gonzalez, Jessica Ortiz, Cristina Martinez, Maria Saleh and Jasmine Soto. Maria Hernandez, Thaian Vu and Jocelyn Holt all participated in the first character-coding workshop in 2005. Paul Hebert supplied the image of Cameronella. Specimens were obtained from various sources, but in particular we would like to thank Chris Burwell, Terry Erwin, Lisa Foerster, Tony van Harten, Yoshimitsu Higashiura, Jung-Wook Kim, John LaSalle, Robert Luck, Lubomir Masner, Manickavasagam Sagadai, John Noyes, Alain Roques, Mike Sharkey, Richard Stouthamer, Doug Yanega and Bob Zuparko for many of them. Funding was provided by National Science Foundation grants TOL EF-0341149, PEET DEB-0730616 to J.M.H. and SVV-2012-265206 to P.J., and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Germany), SFFR (Ukraine) and BELSPO (Belgium) to A. G. Part of the sequencing was supported by the Genoscope, project @Speed-Id, to J.Y.R. NR 175 TC 58 Z9 63 U1 4 U2 83 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0748-3007 EI 1096-0031 J9 CLADISTICS JI Cladistics PD OCT PY 2013 VL 29 IS 5 BP 466 EP 542 DI 10.1111/cla.12006 PG 77 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 220YE UT WOS:000324622500003 ER PT J AU Arp, AP Chapman, R Crosslin, JM Bextine, B AF Arp, Alex P. Chapman, Rebekah Crosslin, James M. Bextine, Blake TI Low-Level Detection of Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum in Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) by 16s rRNA Pyrosequencing SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE detection method; potato psyllid; Bactericera cockerelli; zebra chip; Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum ID REAL-TIME PCR; ZEBRA CHIP; POTATO DISEASE; NEW-ZEALAND; DIFFERENTIATION; ENDOSYMBIONTS; TRANSMISSION; ASSOCIATION; MICROBIOME; DIVERSITY AB Accurate detection and quantification of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLs), the putative causal agent of zebra chip disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), in the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), has become necessary to better understand the biology of the disease cycle. Studies on the transmission efficiency of potato psyllids have shown inconsistencies with field surveys. There have also been reports of laboratory colonies inexplicably losing and regaining CLs infection as detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Until now, DNA primers were used to detect CLs in potato psyllid tissue using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis or by real-time quantitative PCR. In this study, CLs was detected using bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing (bTEFAP) at levels identifiable by PCR, and low levels, including samples with only one cell of CLs. Potato psyllids with <300 pyrosequencing reads did not show positive using conventional PCR. These results indicate that the currently accepted PCR diagnostic technique produces false negatives due to detection limits higher than what is generally present in field collected psyllids, and also provides an explanation as to why laboratory colonies seem to lose and regain CLs infection. C1 [Arp, Alex P.; Chapman, Rebekah; Bextine, Blake] Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Biol, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Crosslin, James M.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Arp, AP (reprint author), Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Biol, 3900 Univ Blvd, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. EM aalex@patriots.uttyler.edu FU Frito Lay, Inc.; Texas Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDAD-SCRI) [2009-51181-20176] FX We would like the thank several people who provided potato psyllid samples for this work-Jeff Bradshaw, Neil Gudmestad, John Goolsby, John Trumble, Casey Butler, Don Henne, Charlie Rush, Ian Scott, and Simon Bulman. Financial support for this work was partially provided by Frito Lay, Inc., Texas Department of Agriculture, and U.S. Department of Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDAD-SCRI) (Project 2009-51181-20176). NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 868 EP 873 DI 10.1603/EN12260 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233CZ UT WOS:000325544300005 PM 24331599 ER PT J AU Vargas, RI Stark, JD Banks, J Leblanc, L Manoukis, NC Peck, S AF Vargas, Roger I. Stark, John D. Banks, John Leblanc, Luc Manoukis, Nicholas C. Peck, Steven TI Spatial Dynamics of Two Oriental Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Parasitoids, Fopius arisanus and Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), in a Guava Orchard in Hawaii SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fruit fly; natural enemy; biological control; colonization ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ABUNDANCE; FLIES; KAUAI; PATTERNS; SONAN AB We examined spatial patterns of both sexes of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and its two most abundant parasitoids, Fopius arisanus (Sonan) and Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) in a commercial guava (Psidium guajava L.) orchard. Oriental fruit fly spatial patterns were initially random, but became highly aggregated with host fruit ripening and the subsequent colonization of, first, F. arisanus (egg-pupal parasitoid) and, second, D. longicaudata (larval-pupal parasitoid). There was a significant positive relationship between populations of oriental fruit fly and F. arisanus during each of the F. arisanus increases, a pattern not exhibited between oriental fruit fly and D. longicaudata. Generally, highest total numbers of males and females (oriental fruit fly, F. arisanus, and D. longicaudata) occurred on or about the same date. There was a significant positive correlation between male and female populations of all three species; we measured a lag of 2-4 wk between increases of female F. arisanus and conspecific males. There was a similar trend in one of the two years for the second most abundant species, D. longicaudata, but no sign of a time lag between the sexes for oriental fruit fly. Spatially, we found a significant positive relationship between numbers of F. arisanus in blocks and the average number in adjoining blocks. We did not find the same effect for oriental fruit fly and D. longicaudata, possibly a result of lower overall numbers of the latter two species or less movement of F. arisanus within the field. C1 [Vargas, Roger I.; Manoukis, Nicholas C.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Entomol, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Banks, John] Univ Washington, Dept Environm Sci Interdisciplinary Arts & Sci, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA. [Leblanc, Luc] Univ Hawaii, Dept Plant Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Peck, Steven] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Vargas, RI (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM roger.vargas@ars.usda.gov RI Banks, John/D-4194-2012 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 25 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 888 EP 901 DI 10.1603/EN12274 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233CZ UT WOS:000325544300008 PM 24073692 ER PT J AU Pratt, PD Rayamajhi, MB Tipping, PW Center, TD Wright, SA Purcell, M AF Pratt, P. D. Rayamajhi, M. B. Tipping, P. W. Center, T. D. Wright, S. A. Purcell, M. TI Establishment, Population Increase, Spread, and Ecological Host Range of Lophodiplosis trifida (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a Biological Control Agent of the Invasive Tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE post release evaluation; founding population; establishment; spread ID OXYOPS-VITIOSA COLEOPTERA; WEED BIOCONTROL; SOUTH FLORIDA; GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; LYGODIUM-MICROPHYLLUM; HEMIPTERA PSYLLIDAE; INTRODUCED INSECTS; FIELD COLONIZATION; LIFE-HISTORY; GALL MIDGE AB The Australian tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cavanilles) Blake is an invasive weed in wetland systems of Florida. A biological control program targeting M. quinquenervia has resulted in the release of the gall forming midge Lophodiplosis trifida Gagne ' (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Populations of the introduced herbivore readily established at all 24 release sites across the weedOs range in Florida, and there was no evidence that founding colony size (100, 2,000, or 6,000 adults) influenced herbivore establishment or local population growth rates. Landscape level spread of L. trifida from release sites averaged nearly 6 km/yr, ranging as high as 14.4 km/yr. Prerelease host range testing predicted that L. trifida oviposits indiscriminately on test plant species but does not complete development on any of the test species, including congeners present in Florida. To test the predictability of these host range tests, L. trifida was released in a common garden consisting of 18 test plant species that were interplanted with M. quinquenervia. Plant species postulated to be at risk experienced no gall development by L. trifida while intermingled M. quinquenervia trees supported 704.8 (+/- 158.5) galls per plant. Historically, many introduced Cecidomyiidae have limited effect on plant performance of target weeds because of recruitment of native parasitoids that disrupt biological control ef_cacy. In contrast to this trend, there has been no evidence to date that parasitoids are exploiting L. trifida in Florida. C1 [Pratt, P. D.; Rayamajhi, M. B.; Tipping, P. W.; Center, T. D.; Wright, S. A.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Purcell, M.] USDA ARS, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Australian Biol Control Lab, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM paul.pratt@ars.usda.gov FU South Florida Water Management District; USDA Areawide Melaleuca Demonstration Program FX We thank three anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Bradley Brown and Jeff Makinson (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) were instrumental in collecting, rearing, and shipping the biological control agents to quarantine facilities. We are indebted to James Lollis, Scott Blackwood, Jorge Leidi, Reynaldo Moscat, DeahLieurance, and Danyelle Fitzgerald for assistance with colony rearing and monthly surveys at release locations. This research was supported, in part, by grants from the South Florida Water Management District and the USDA Areawide Melaleuca Demonstration Program (tame.ifas.ufl.edu). NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 925 EP 935 DI 10.1603/EN13058 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233CZ UT WOS:000325544300011 PM 24331604 ER PT J AU Cao, TT Backus, EA Lou, YG Cheng, JA AF Cao, Ting-Ting Backus, Elaine A. Lou, Yong-Gen Cheng, Jia-An TI Feeding-Induced Interactions Between Nilaparvata lugens and Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae): Effects on Feeding Behavior and Honeydew Excretion SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE induced intraspecific interaction; induced interspecific interaction; feeding behavior; electrical penetration graph; honeydew excretion ID ELECTRICAL PENETRATION GRAPHS; SUSCEPTIBLE RICE VARIETIES; BROWN PLANTHOPPER; INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; RESISTANT AB Using electrical penetration graph, salivary flange, and honeydew measurement, this study investigated the effects of feeding-induced intra-and interspecific interactions on feeding behavior and honeydew excretion of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) compared with small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus). Results showed that many measures of feeding behavior were affected by feeding-induced intra-and interspecific interactions on two different rice varieties. There were significantly fewer salivary flanges for both brown planthopper and small brown planthopper on rice plants with feeding-induced conspecific or heterospecific effects than on relevant control plants. In contrast, only small brown planthopper on rice plants with feeding-induced heterospecific effects had significantly fewer salivary flanges than those with feeding-induced conspecific effects. The mean durations of pathway activities per insect and mean durations from first probe to first sustained phloem ingestion for small brown planthopper were significantly shorter, whereas the mean duration per insect of phloem ingestion was significantly longer, on rice plants with feeding-induced heterospecific effects than those on relevant control plants, as well as rice plants with feeding-induced conspecific effects. Honeydew weights of small brown planthopper were significantly increased by the induced heterospecific effect. Thus, all results indicated indirect, asymmetrical, facilitative effects of induced interspecific interactions on the feeding behavior and honeydew weight for small brown planthopper on both varieties. These findings are consistent with the previously documented asymmetrical effects on performance, with more benefits to small brown planthopper from brown planthopper indirectly. The change of nutrient and induced allelochemistry in host plant probably underlies these facilitative effects. C1 [Cao, Ting-Ting; Lou, Yong-Gen; Cheng, Jia-An] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Insect Sci, Minist Agr, Key Lab Agr Entomol,State Key Lab Rice Biol, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Backus, Elaine A.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Cheng, JA (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Inst Insect Sci, Minist Agr, Key Lab Agr Entomol,State Key Lab Rice Biol, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM jacheng@zju.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB126200]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30771420, 30921140407] FX This research was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB126200) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30771420, No. 30921140407). NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 987 EP 997 DI 10.1603/EN13080 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233CZ UT WOS:000325544300019 PM 24331608 ER PT J AU Khallaayoune, K Qualls, WA Revay, EE Allan, SA Arheart, KL Kravchenko, VD Xue, RD Schlein, Y Beier, JC Muller, GC AF Khallaayoune, Khalid Qualls, Whitney A. Revay, Edita E. Allan, Sandra A. Arheart, Kristopher L. Kravchenko, Vasiliy D. Xue, Rui-De Schlein, Yosef Beier, John C. Mueller, Guenter C. TI Attractive Toxic Sugar Baits: Control of Mosquitoes With the Low-Risk Active Ingredient Dinotefuran and Potential Impacts on Nontarget Organisms in Morocco SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE integrated vector control; pollinator; environmental impact; beneficial insect; mosquito ID MALARIA VECTORS; ENVIRONMENTS; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; BLOSSOMS; DIPTERA; FLIES AB We evaluated the efficacy of attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB) in the laboratory and field with the low-risk active ingredient dinotefuran against mosquito populations. Preliminary laboratory assays indicated that dinotefuran in solution with the sugar baits was ingested and resulted in high mortality of female Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti Linnaeus. Field studies demonstrated >70% reduction of mosquito populations at 3 wk post-ATSB application. Nontarget feeding of seven insect orders-Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, and Neuroptera-was evaluated in the field after application of attractive sugar baits (ASB) on vegetation by dissecting the guts and searching for food dye with a dissecting microscope. Nontargets were found stained with ASB 0.9% of the time when the application was applied on green non-owering vegetation. Only two families were significantly impacted by the ASB application: Culicidae (mosquitoes) and Chironomidae (nonbiting midges) of the order Diptera. Pollinators of the other insect orders were not significantly impacted. No mortality was observed in the laboratory studies with predatory nontargets, wolf spiders or ground beetles, after feeding for 3 d on mosquitoes engorged on ATSB applied to vegetation. Overall, this novel control strategy had little impact on nontarget organisms, including pollinators and beneficial insects, and was effective at controlling mosquito populations, further supporting the development of ATSB for commercial use. C1 [Revay, Edita E.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Bruce Rappaport Fac Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, IL-31096 Haifa, Israel. [Allan, Sandra A.; Schlein, Yosef] ARS, USDA, Ctr Medi Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Kravchenko, Vasiliy D.] Tel Aviv Univ, George S Wise Fac Life Sci, Dept Zool, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Mueller, Guenter C.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Med, Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet,IMRIC, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. EM w.qualls@med.miami.edu FU National Institute of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [R01AI100968]; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pests Management Board the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II and Rabat-Instituts, Morocco FX The research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AI100968. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Special thanks to the personnel of the Department of Agriculture in Marrakech, Morocco, and the local authorities for the valuable assistance. We thank the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service-Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entolmology for supplying the Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti eggs used during this evaluation. We would also like to thank staff and commissioners of the Anastasia Mosquito Control District for supporting this research. Thanks are extended to Faith Umoh for technical assistance and Haze Brown, Chris Swain, and Tim Carney for supplying laboratory colony mosquitoes. Portions of this work were supported by a Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pests Management Board the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; and internal grants of Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II and Rabat-Instituts, Morocco. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 22 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1040 EP 1045 DI 10.1603/EN13119 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233CZ UT WOS:000325544300024 PM 24331613 ER PT J AU Cha, DH Hesler, SP Cowles, RS Vogt, H Loeb, GM Landolt, PJ AF Cha, Dong H. Hesler, Stephen P. Cowles, Richard S. Vogt, Heidrun Loeb, Gregory M. Landolt, Peter J. TI Comparison of a Synthetic Chemical Lure and Standard Fermented Baits for Trapping Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spotted wing drosophila; Drosophila suzukii; trap; lure; nontarget insect ID SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA; UNITED-STATES; VINEGAR; IDENTIFICATION; COMBINATIONS; MANAGEMENT; REGIONS AB We determined the attractiveness of a new chemical lure compared with fermented food baits in use for trapping Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, spotted wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in Connecticut, New York, and Washington in the United States and at Dossenheim in Germany. The chemical lure (SWD lure) and food baits were compared in two types of traps: the dome trap and a cup trap. Regardless of trap type, numbers of male and female D. suzukii trapped were greater with the SWD lure compared with apple cider vinegar (ACV) baits at the Washington and New York sites, and were comparable with numbers of D. suzukii captured with a wine plus vinegar bait (W + V) at Germany site and a combination bait meant to mimicW + V at the Connecticut site. Averaged over both types of attractants, the numbers of D. suzukii captured were greater in dome traps than in cup traps inNewYork and Connecticut for both male and female D. suzukii and in Washington for male D. suzukii. No such differences were found between trap types at the Washington site for female and Germany for male and female D. suzukii. Assessments were also made of the number of large (> 0.5 cm) and small (< 0.5 cm) nontarget flies trapped. TheSWDlure captured fewer nontarget small flies and more large flies compared with ACV bait in New York and fewer nontarget small flies compared withW + V in Germany, although no such differences were found in Washington for the SWDlure versusACVbait and in Connecticut for theSWDlure versus the combination bait, indicating that these effects are likely influenced by the local nontarget insect community active at the time of trapping. In New York, Connecticut, and Germany, dome traps caught more nontarget flies compared with cup traps. Our results suggest that the four-component SWD chemical lure is an effective attractant for D. suzukii and could be used in place of fermented food-type baits. C1 [Cha, Dong H.; Landolt, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Hesler, Stephen P.; Loeb, Gregory M.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Cowles, Richard S.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, Windsor, CT 06095 USA. [Vogt, Heidrun] Inst Plant Protect Fruit Crops & Viticulture, JKI, Fed Res Ctr Cultivated Plants, D-69221 Dossenheim, Germany. RP Cha, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM dong.cha@ars.usda.gov FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission; Northeast Regional IPM Program; North American Strawberry Growere's Association; North American Raspberry and Blackberry Association FX We appreciate the help of Jewel Brumley, Johanna Elsensohn, Daryl Green, Juergen Just, Amanda Schenk, and Elizabeth Young for technical support. Hannah Burrack, Nancy Epsky, and Wee Yee provided insightful suggestions for improvement to the manuscript. This research was supported in part by funding from the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission, the Northeast Regional IPM Program, North American Strawberry Growere's Association, and the North American Raspberry and Blackberry Association. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 68 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1052 EP 1060 DI 10.1603/EN13154 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233CZ UT WOS:000325544300026 PM 24331615 ER PT J AU Green, E Almskaar, K Sim, SB Arcella, T Yee, WL Feder, JL Schwarz, D AF Green, Emily Almskaar, Kristin Sim, Sheina B. Arcella, Tracy Yee, Wee L. Feder, Jeffrey L. Schwarz, Dietmar TI Molecular Species Identification of Cryptic Apple and Snowberry Maggots (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Western and Central Washington SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhagoletis pomonella; Rhagoletis zephyria; cryptic species identification; Taqman real time qPCR; hybridization ID RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA DIPTERA; HOST RACE FORMATION; FRUIT ODOR DISCRIMINATION; ANIMAL HYBRID SPECIATION; ZEPHYRIA DIPTERA; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; INVASIVE PLANT; FLY DIPTERA; DIVERGENCE AB In Washington state, identification of the quarantine apple pest Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) is complicated by the presence of the cryptic species Rhagoletis zephyria Snow (Diptera: Tephritidae). Distinguishing the two flies is important because there is a zero tolerance policy for R. pomonella in apple production for export. Here, we attempt to distinguish the two species by scoring R. pomonella and R. zephyria populations from western and south Dcentral Washington for a set of 11 nuclear markers, including four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) developed for rapid and inexpensive genotyping using Taqman real-time quantitativeDpolymerase chain reaction. We show that the four SNPsmaybe adequate in most cases for distinguishing whether a fly originated from apple or black hawthorn (the two major host plants for R. pomonella representing an economic risk) versus snowberry (the major host for R. zephyria, and not a commercial threat). However, directional introgression of R. zephyria alleles into R. pomonella can complicate the identification of flies of mixed ancestry based only on the four SNPs. Moreover, this problem is more acute in the sensitive apple-growing regions of central Washington where our results imply hybridization is common. Consequently, application of the four SNP quantitativeDpolymerase chain reaction assay can immediately assist ongoing apple maggot monitoring, while the development of additional genetic markers through next-generation sequencing would be valuable for increasing confidence in species identification and for assessing the threat posed by hybridization as R. pomonella further spreads into the more arid apple-growing regions of central Washington. C1 [Green, Emily; Almskaar, Kristin; Schwarz, Dietmar] Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Sim, Sheina B.; Arcella, Tracy; Feder, Jeffrey L.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Yee, Wee L.] USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Schwarz, D (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, 516 High St,MS 9160, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. EM dietmar.schwarz@wwu.edu FU Western Washington University; National Science Foundation (NSF) FX Wewould like to thank the Clark County Washington 78th street Heritage Farm, the Washington State University Research and Extension Unit, Vancouver, Justin Wong, Lex Burgin, Blair Wolley, Doug Stienbarger, Terry Porter, Kathleen Rogers, Robert Goughnour, and Peter Chapman for their support and assistance on the project. The study was funded, in part, by grants awarded to E.Y.G. and D.S. from Western Washington University, to J.L.F. from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and to W.L.Y. by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission, Washington State Commission on Pesticide Registration, and the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1100 EP 1109 DI 10.1603/EN13038 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 233CZ UT WOS:000325544300032 PM 24331621 ER PT J AU Park, BD Frihart, CR Yu, Y Singh, AP AF Park, Byung-Dae Frihart, Charles R. Yu, Yan Singh, Adya P. TI Hardness evaluation of cured urea-formaldehyde resins with different formaldehyde/urea mole ratios using nanoindentation method SO EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Urea-formaldehyde resin; Hardness; Modulus; Nanoindentation; Crystal structure ID SITU IMAGING NANOINDENTATION; HYDROLYTIC STABILITY; MELAMINE-FORMALDEHYDE; LONGITUDINAL HARDNESS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC-MODULUS; THIN-FILMS; ADHESIVES; EMISSION; PARTICLEBOARD AB To understand the influence of formaldehyde/urea (F/U) mole ratio on the properties of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins, this study investigated hardness of cured UF resins with different F/U mole ratios using a nanoindentation method. The traditional Brinell hardness (H-B) method was also used for comparison. The H-B of cured UF resin films with different F/U mole ratios was determined after exposing the films to different post-curing temperatures. The nanoindentation method was employed for these films to measure Meyer hardness (H-M) and reduced modulus (E-r) which have been used to calculate the elastic modulus (E-s) of cured UF resins. As the F/U mole ratio decreased, the H-B decreased continuously, indicating a less rigid network structure in low F/U mole ratio UF resins. The higher the post-curing temperature, the greater the value of H-B. The H-M value also showed a similar trend as a function of F/U mole ratio. However, the E-r and E-s did not show a consistent trend as exhibited by H-M and H-B. Both H-M and E-r showed much greater variation in the coefficient of variation (COV) at lower F/U mole ratios 1.0 and 1.2, indicating a more heterogeneous composition of these resins. Linear relationships between H-M and E-r indicate that heterogeneity of the surface composition of samples contributes greatly to variations in the measured values. This variability is discussed in terms of crystal structures present in the cured UF resins of low F/U mole ratios. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Park, Byung-Dae; Singh, Adya P.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Technol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Frihart, Charles R.] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Yu, Yan] Int Ctr Bamboo & Rattan, Beijing 100102, Peoples R China. RP Park, BD (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Technol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. EM byungdae@knu.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0022112]; Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MEST); Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies (KOFST) FX This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0022112). This work was also financially supported by the Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MEST) and The Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies (KOFST). NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0014-3057 EI 1873-1945 J9 EUR POLYM J JI Eur. Polym. J. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 10 BP 3089 EP 3094 DI 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.013 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 229AI UT WOS:000325233800023 ER PT J AU Gavrilenko, T Antonova, O Shuvalova, A Krylova, E Alpatyeva, N Spooner, DM Novikova, L AF Gavrilenko, Tatjana Antonova, Olga Shuvalova, Anna Krylova, Ekaterina Alpatyeva, Natalia Spooner, David M. Novikova, Lubov TI Genetic diversity and origin of cultivated potatoes based on plastid microsatellite polymorphism SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Cultivated potatoes; Genetic variation; Plastid microsatellites (SSRs); Phylogeny; Solanum; Taxonomy ID RESTRICTION-ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; BREVICAULE COMPLEX SOLANACEAE; SOLANUM-TARIJENSE HAWKES; NUCLEAR-DNA MARKERS; CHLOROPLAST DNA; ANDEAN POTATOES; SECT. PETOTA; SPECIES BOUNDARIES; DIPLOID POTATO; TUBEROSUM AB The origin of cultivated potatoes has remaining questions. In this study, 237 accessions of all cultivated species and 155 accessions of wild species closely related to cultivated potatoes, including their putative ancestors, were analyzed using 15 plastid microsatellites (SSRs) to investigate genetic diversity and their relationships with the wild species. We here used polymorphic plastid SSRs we developed from potato plastid genome sequences as well as already known plastid SSR markers. All 15 loci were polymorphic and identified a total of 127 haplotypes. Dramatic decreases in levels of genetic diversity were revealed in landraces in comparison with wild ancestor species. The plastid SSR results showed a decrease in haplotype number and diversity from Peru to both north and south. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct groups. One of them, group A, contained the majority of accessions of cultivated species of the Solanum tuberosum Andigenum group including all accessions of cultivated diploid and triploid cytotypes of this group (S. chaucha, S. phureja, and S. stenotomum by a former taxonomic system) and most of tetraploid accessions of the S. tuberosum Andigenum group (S. tuberosum subsp. andigenum), and the majority of accessions of wild ancestors from the northern members of the S. brevicaule complex. Another group B comprised most of the wild species accessions and almost exclusively hybrid cultivated species which have introgressed plastid genomes from the other wild gene pools. Lack of clustering of traditional cultivated species (as used above) support a revised group classification of S. tuberosum. C1 [Gavrilenko, Tatjana; Antonova, Olga; Shuvalova, Anna; Krylova, Ekaterina; Alpatyeva, Natalia; Novikova, Lubov] NI Vavilov Inst Plant Ind, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. [Gavrilenko, Tatjana] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Spooner, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Gavrilenko, T (reprint author), NI Vavilov Inst Plant Ind, Bolshaya Morskaya St 42-44, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. EM tatjana9972@yandex.ru; olgaant326@qip.ru; islamshina@pochta.ru; katrin@newmail.ru; n.alpatyeva@vir.nw.ru; david.spooner@ars.usda.gov; lubov.novikova@mail.ru RI Gavrilenko, Tatjana/G-8148-2015; OI Gavrilenko, Tatjana/0000-0002-2605-6569; Antonova, Olga/0000-0001-8334-8069 FU International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) [3329]; ARS/USDA; RFBR [11-04-01002-a]; NSF [DEB 0316614] FX This study was supported by International Science and Technology Center (ISTC), grant no. 3329, by the ARS/USDA (http://www.vir.nw.ru/biot), by RFBR grant no. 11-04-01002-a and by NSF DEB 0316614 entitled PBI Solanum: A worldwide treatment http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/solanaceaesourc e/). We also acknowledge Dr. S. Kiru for providing germplasm from VIR potato collection. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 EI 1573-5109 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 60 IS 7 BP 1997 EP 2015 DI 10.1007/s10722-013-9968-1 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 231OO UT WOS:000325426700008 ER PT J AU Reddy, UK Aryal, N Islam-Faridi, N Tomason, YR Levi, A Nimmakayala, P AF Reddy, Umesh K. Aryal, Nischit Islam-Faridi, Nurul Tomason, Yan R. Levi, Amnon Nimmakayala, Padma TI Cytomolecular characterization of rDNA distribution in various Citrullus species using fluorescent in situ hybridization SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Citrullus; FISH; rDNA organization; 5S rDNA; 18S-28S rDNA; Watermelon ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; MOLECULAR CYTOGENETICS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LINKAGE MAP; WATERMELON; LANATUS; 5S; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; COLOCYNTHIS AB The 18S-28S and 5S rDNA sites are useful chromosome landmarks and provide valuable evidence about genome organization and evolution. This investigation was the first attempt to study the dynamics, distribution and directionality of rDNA gains and losses, as well as to understand the contribution of site number variation in the speciation of the genus Citrullus. In this study, we employed fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), using the18S-28S and 5S rDNA gene loci, to evaluate the differences between the (1) cultivated type watermelon C. lanatus var. lanatus (sweet watermelon), (2) the "bitter" desert watermelon C. colocynthis (colocynth) that is indigenous to the deserts of northern Africa, the Middle East and Asia, (3) the C. lanatus var. citroides (citron) "Tsamma" or "cow watermelon" that is known as and is indigenous to southern Africa, (4) and C. rehmii that thrive in the Namibian Desert. The FISH analyses showed that the sweet watermelon and colocynth have similar rDNA configuration. The sweet watermelon and colocynth genomes contain two 18S-28S rDNA gene loci, each located on a different chromosome, and one 5S rDNA locus which is co-localized with one of the 18S-28S rDNA gene loci. On the other hand, the C. rehmii has one 18S-28S rDNA locus and one 5S rDNA locus positioned on different chromosomes, while the citron has one18S-28S rDNA and two 5S rDNA loci, each located on a different chromosome. A FISH analysis of F-1 (citron x sweet watermelon) chromosome spreads revealed uniparental homeologous rDNA gene copies pertaining to the sweet watermelon versus the citron chromosomes, with the sweet watermelon chromosome containing the 18S-28S and 5S rDNA locus versus the citron homologue chromosome that has the 5S rDNA locus, but not the 18S-28S rDNA locus. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis, using the entire citron genome as a probe to be differentially hybridized on sweet watermelon chromosome spreads, revealed that the citron genomic probes mainly hybridize to subtelomeric and pericentromeric regions of the sweet watermelon chromosomes, suggesting extensive divergence between the citron and sweet watermelon genomes. The FISH and GISH cytogenetic analysis here indicate major differences in genome organization between the cultivated watermelon type sweet watermelon and its counterpart citron that thrive in southern Africa and considered a useful germplasm source for enhancing disease and pest resistance in watermelon cultivars. C1 [Reddy, Umesh K.; Aryal, Nischit; Tomason, Yan R.; Nimmakayala, Padma] W Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Islam-Faridi, Nurul] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Islam-Faridi, Nurul] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Nimmakayala, P (reprint author), W Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. EM ureddy@wvstateu.edu; padma@wvstateu.edu FU NSF-EPSCOR [1003907]; Gus R. Douglass Institute; USDA-NIFA Research [2010-02247] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Jarret, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, USDA-ARS, Griffin, GA, 30223 for providing the seeds of germplasm accessions. Funding support is provided by NSF-EPSCOR#1003907, Gus R. Douglass Institute and USDA-NIFA Research (2010-02247). NR 46 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 EI 1573-5109 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 60 IS 7 BP 2091 EP 2100 DI 10.1007/s10722-013-9976-1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 231OO UT WOS:000325426700013 ER PT J AU Oner, ME Wall, MM AF Oner, Manolya E. Wall, Marisa M. TI Quality of fresh-cut purple-fleshed sweet potatoes after X-ray irradiation treatment and refrigerated storage SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anthocyanins; colour; firmness; irradiation; shelf-life; sweet potato; total aerobic bacteria ID GAMMA-IRRADIATION; SHELF-LIFE; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; QUARANTINE TREATMENT; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; ANTHOCYANIN; FRUIT; VEGETABLES; ATMOSPHERE; RADIATION AB The effect of X-ray irradiation on the quality of fresh-cut, refrigerated purple-fleshed sweet potato (PFSP) cubes was investigated. Packaged sweet potato cubes were treated with 0, 250, 500, 750 or 1000Gy X-ray irradiation and stored at 4 +/- 1 degrees C for 14days. After 14days, total aerobic bacteria counts were 4.1 and 3.2 log(10) CFUg(-1), and mould-yeast counts were 3.3 and 3.0 log(10) CFUg(-1) in 750 and 1000Gy treated samples, respectively. Doses up to 1000Gy did not affect the firmness, moisture content and anthocyanin content of PFSP cubes throughout storage. PFSP cubes' flesh colour did not change during the first week of storage, but lightness (L*) increased after 14days. Also, irradiation doses at 750 and 1000Gy decreased saturation (C*) significantly, producing duller flesh colour than controls. Results indicate that X-ray irradiation treatment at doses up to 1000Gy can reduce microbial populations while maintaining the physical quality and anthocyanin content of PFSP cubes up to 14days of storage. C1 [Oner, Manolya E.; Wall, Marisa M.] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Oner, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM manolyaoner@gmail.com NR 42 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-5423 EI 1365-2621 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 IS 10 BP 2064 EP 2070 DI 10.1111/ijfs.12187 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 217SH UT WOS:000324380300010 ER PT J AU Van Etten, ML Brunet, J AF Van Etten, Megan L. Brunet, Johanne TI THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON FLORAL TRAITS THAT AFFECT THE SELFING RATE IN A HIGH-ALTITUDE PLANT SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Aquilegia coerulea; floral traits; global warming; high-altitude habitats; phenotypic plasticity; selfing rate ID ROCKY-MOUNTAIN COLUMBINE; AQUILEGIA-CAERULEA RANUNCULACEAE; MALE REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; MIMULUS-RINGENS; DISPLAY SIZE; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; OUTCROSSING RATE; MATING SYSTEM; FLOWER SIZE AB Premise of research.Changes in the abiotic environment can influence plant mating systems through phenotypic changes in floral traits that affect selfing. Herkogamy (spatial separation of male and female functions within a flower), dichogamy (temporal separation), and total flower number affect within- (autogamy) and/or among- (geitonogamy) flower selfing. We examined the potential effects of environmental changes associated with global warming on herkogamy, dichogamy, and number of flowers per plant and discussed the impacts on the mating system in a high-altitude species, Aquilegia coerulea.Methodology.In the high-altitude habitats in which this species grows, global warming is expected to increase both temperature and spring precipitation in the form of rain. We grew plants from 17 families from each of three natural populations of A. coerulea at two temperature and two water treatments, leading to 692 experimental plants (2 temperature xx 2 water xx 3 populations xx 17 families xx 3--4 individuals per family). We measured herkogamy and dichogamy, recorded total flower number for each plant, and examined variation in floral traits due to genes and the environment.Pivotal results.Herkogamy, dichogamy, and total flower numbertraits known to influence selfing ratewere all phenotypically plastic in response to changes in water or temperature. Genetic variation for all three traits was detected within and/or among populations.Conclusions.On the basis of our results, we predict that the increase in total flower number as a plastic response to global warming will have the strongest influence on the selfing rate and increase the level of geitonogamous selfing. Because inbreeding depression is high in A. coerulea, selection will act to reduce floral display in order to reduce inbreeding depression, but there will be a balance between the negative impact of inbreeding depression and the advantage provided by large floral displays in attracting pollinators. C1 [Van Etten, Megan L.; Brunet, Johanne] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Brunet, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Entomol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jbrunet@wisc.edu FU USDA-ARS FX Christy Stewart, Kirstin Martin, Jesse Koyen, Zachary Larson-Rabin, Evan Eifler, Alex Rhamlow, and John Rehbeck helped with data collection. Brian Yandell and Murray Clayton provided guidance with experimental design and use of statistical model for data analyses. Comments from anonymous reviewers helped improve the manuscript. This work was supported by funds from the USDA-ARS to J. Brunet. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 48 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 EI 1537-5315 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 174 IS 8 BP 1099 EP 1108 DI 10.1086/671805 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 220YK UT WOS:000324623200001 ER PT J AU Sangild, PT Thymann, T Schmidt, M Stoll, B Burrin, DG Buddington, RK AF Sangild, P. T. Thymann, T. Schmidt, M. Stoll, B. Burrin, D. G. Buddington, R. K. TI Invited Review: The preterm pig as a model in pediatric gastroenterology SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE colitis; formula; immunity; intestine; microbiota; milk; newborn ID SHORT-BOWEL SYNDROME; BACTERIAL-COLONIZATION AFFECTS; GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-2; INTESTINAL BLOOD-FLOW; FED NEONATAL PIGLETS; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; ENTERAL NUTRITION; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; BOVINE COLOSTRUM AB At birth, the newborn mammal undergoes a transition from a sterile uterine environment with a constant nutrient supply, to a microbe-rich environment with intermittent oral intake of complex milk nutrients via the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These functional challenges partly explain the relatively high morbidity and mortality of neonates. Preterm birth interrupts prenatal organ maturation, including that of the GIT, and increases disease risk. Exemplary is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is associated closely with GIT immaturity, enteral feeding, and bacterial colonization. Infants with NEC may require resection of the necrotic parts of the intestine, leading to short bowel syndrome (SBS), characterized by reduced digestive capacity, fluid loss, and dependency on parenteral nutrition. This review presents the preterm pig as a translational model in pediatric gastroenterology that has provided new insights into important pediatric diseases such as NEC and SBS. We describe protocols for delivery, care, and handling of preterm pigs, and show how the immature GIT responds to delivery method and different nutritional and therapeutic interventions. The preterm pig may also provide a sensitive model for postnatal adaptation of weak term piglets showing high mortality. Attributes of the preterm pig model include close similarities with preterm infants in body size, organ development, and many clinical features, thereby providing a translational advantage relative to rodent models of GIT immaturity. On the other hand, the need for a sow surgical facility, a piglet intensive care unit, and clinically trained personnel may limit widespread use of preterm pigs. Studies on organ adaptation in preterm pigs help to identify the physiological basis of neonatal survival for hypersensitive newborns and aid in defining the optimal diet and rearing conditions during the critical neonatal period. C1 [Sangild, P. T.; Thymann, T.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Nutr Exercise & Sports, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Schmidt, M.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Prod Anim & Horses, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Stoll, B.; Burrin, D. G.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Buddington, R. K.] Univ Memphis, Dept Hlth & Sport Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Sangild, PT (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Nutr Exercise & Sports, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark. EM psa@life.ku.dk OI Sangild, Per Torp/0000-0002-5462-7760 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK056338] NR 105 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 91 IS 10 BP 4713 EP 4729 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6359 PG 17 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 227BO UT WOS:000325082900017 PM 23942716 ER PT J AU Freetly, HC Brown-Brandl, TM AF Freetly, H. C. Brown-Brandl, T. M. TI Enteric methane production from beef cattle that vary in feed efficiency SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; feed efficiency; methane ID MONENSIN SUPPLEMENTATION; DAIRY-COWS; EMISSIONS; DIET; METHANOGENESIS; ENERGY; STEERS; RUMEN; DIGESTIBILITY; PERFORMANCE AB We hypothesized that CH4 production will decrease with increased feed efficiency. Two experiments were conducted to determine CH4 production of cattle that differed in feed efficiency. Cattle in both studies were selected from larger contemporary groups. Animals furthest from the confidence ellipse that resulted from regressing BW gain on DMI were selected. In the first experiment, 113 crossbred steers were evaluated for feed efficiency for 64 d. Steers were 355 +/- 1 d of age and weighed 456 +/- 10 kg when they began the study. Steers were fed a ration that consisted of (DM basis) 82.8% corn, 12.8% corn silage, and 4.5% supplement [contains 0.065% monensin, 32% CP (28% NPN), 7.5% Ca, 0.8% P, 4.8% NaCl, 1.8% K, and 55,116 IU/kg vitamin A]. Thirty-seven steers were selected to measure CH4 production. In the second experiment, 197 heifers were evaluated for feed efficiency for 64 d. Heifers were 286 +/- 1 d of age and weighed 327 +/- 2 kg when they began the study. Heifers were fed a ration that consisted of (DM basis) 60% corn silage, 30% alfalfa hay, and 10% wet distillers grains with solubles. Forty-seven heifers were selected to measure CH4 production. Methane production was measured with respiration calorimeters. In both experiments, cattle had ad libitum access to feed, and DMI consumed during the 24 h before CH4 production was measured. Methane production was collected for a 6-h period on untrained cattle. Consequently, methane production is not a quantitative measure of daily methane production; rather, it is an index value to rank cattle. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between either BW gain: DMI ratio or residual feed intake (RFI) on CH4 production after adjusting for the previous 24-h DMI. In the steers, BW gain: DMI ratio and previous 24-h feed intake accounted for little of the variance in CH4 production (R-2 = 0.009), and neither did RFI and previous 24-h feed intake (R-2 = 0.001). In the heifers, the BW gain: DMI ratio contributed 28% toward the variance estimate and previous 24-h DMI contributed 72% toward the variance estimate (R-2 = 0.31). As the BW gain: DMI ratio increased, daily CH4 production increased. The regression coefficient for RFI (P = 0.45) did not differ from 0 for CH4 production. Our study does not support our original hypothesis that CH4 production decreases with increased feed efficiency and suggests that CH4 production may increase with increased feed efficiency. C1 [Freetly, H. C.; Brown-Brandl, T. M.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Freetly, HC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM harvey.freetly@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 91 IS 10 BP 4826 EP 4831 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-4781 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 227BO UT WOS:000325082900029 PM 23965389 ER PT J AU Coblentz, WK Hoffman, PC Esser, NM Bertram, MG AF Coblentz, W. K. Hoffman, P. C. Esser, N. M. Bertram, M. G. TI Technical note: Whole-pen assessments of nutrient excretion and digestibility from dairy replacement heifers housed in sand-bedded freestalls SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ash; dairy heifers; excreta; sand; whole-pen collections ID GRAVID HOLSTEIN HEIFERS; LACTATION PERFORMANCE; DIETS; GROWTH; DESIGN AB Our objectives were to describe and test refined procedures for quantifying excreta produced from whole pens of dairy heifers. Previous research efforts attempting to make whole-pen measurements of excreta output have been complicated by the use of organic bedding, which requires cumbersome analytical techniques to quantify excreta apart from the bedding. Research pens equipped with sand-bedded freestalls offer a unique opportunity for refinement of whole-pen fecal collection methods, primarily because sand-bedded freestall systems contain no organic bedding; therefore, concentrations of ash within the manure, sand, and feces can be used to correct for contamination of manure by sand bedding. This study was conducted on a subset of heifers from a larger production-scale feeding trial evaluating ensiled eastern gamagrass [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] haylage (EGG) that was incorporated into a corn silage/alfalfa haylage-based blended diet at rates of 0, 9.1, 18.3, or 27.4% of total DM. The diet without EGG also was offered on a limit-fed basis. Eighty Holstein dairy heifers were blocked (heavy weight, 424 +/- 15.9 kg; light weight, 324 +/- 22.4 kg) and then assigned to 10 individual pens containing 8 heifers/pen. One pen per block was assigned to each of the 5 research diets, and whole-pen fecal collections were conducted twice for each pen. Grab fecal samples also were gathered from individual heifers within each pen, and subsequent analysis of these whole-pen composites allowed reasonable estimates of OM and NDF excreta output. Under the conditions of our experimental design, pooled SEM for the excreta DM, OM, NDF, and NDF (ash corrected) output were 0.113, 0.085, 0.093, and 0.075 kg.heifer(-1).d(-1), respectively. For DM excretion, this represented about one-third of the SEM reported for previous whole-pen collections from bedded-pack housing systems. Subsequent calculations of apparent DM and OM digestibilities indicated that the technique was sensitive, and linear trends (P <= 0.027) associated with the inclusion rates of EGG within the diet were detected. This technique allows estimation of apparent diet digestibilities on multiple animals simultaneously, thereby mitigating the need for isolating individual animals to obtain digestibility coefficients. The approach appears viable but requires hand labor for collections of multiple pens and thorough mixing of large volumes of manure as well as analytical corrections for sand ingested by lounging heifers. C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Hoffman, P. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Esser, N. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Marshfield Agr Res Stn, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Bertram, M. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Arlington Agr Res Stn, Arlington, WI 53911 USA. RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 91 IS 10 BP 4841 EP 4848 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-6168 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 227BO UT WOS:000325082900031 PM 23965394 ER PT J AU Haven, J Chang, S Herrup, M Maniscalco, S AF Haven, Jackie Chang, Sarah Herrup, Mary Maniscalco, Shelley TI 7 SuperTracker Features You've Never Heard Of SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Haven, Jackie] USDA, Nutr Mkt & Commun Div, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Chang, Sarah; Herrup, Mary; Maniscalco, Shelley] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Haven, J (reprint author), USDA, Nutr Mkt & Commun Div, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 113 IS 10 BP 1282 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jand.2013.08.007 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 231TS UT WOS:000325441900002 PM 24054712 ER PT J AU Nicklas, TA Jahns, L Bogle, ML Chester, DN Giovanni, M Klurfeld, DM Laugero, K Liu, Y Lopez, S Tucker, KL AF Nicklas, Theresa A. Jahns, Lisa Bogle, Margaret L. Chester, Deirdra N. Giovanni, Maria Klurfeld, David M. Laugero, Kevin Liu, Yan Lopez, Sandra Tucker, Katherine L. TI Barriers and Facilitators for Consumer Adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans: The HEALTH Study SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Barriers; Facilitators; Dietary guidelines; Children; Caregivers ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NOMINAL GROUP TECHNIQUE; US ADULTS; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; OBESITY; INCOME; FOOD; CHILDREN; TRENDS AB The majority of the US population does not meet recommendations for consumption of milk, whole grains, fruit, and vegetables. The goal of our study was to understand barriers and facilitators to adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for four nutrient-rich food groups in fifth-grade children and unrelated adult caregivers across six sites in a multistate study. A total of 281 unrelated adult caregivers (32% African American, 33% European American, and 35% Hispanic American) and 321 children (33% African American, 33% European American, and 34% Hispanic American) participated in 97 Nominal Group Technique sessions. Nominal Group Technique is a qualitative method of data collection that enables a group to generate and prioritize a large number of issues within a structure that gives everyone an equal voice. The core barriers specific to unrelated adult caregivers were lack of meal preparation skills or recipes (whole grains, fruit, vegetables); difficulty in changing eating habits (whole grains, fruit, vegetables), cost (milk, whole grains, fruit, vegetables), lack of knowledge of recommendation/portion/health benefits (milk, vegetables), and taste (milk, whole grains, vegetables). Specific to children, the core barriers were competing foods (ie, soda, junk foods, sugary foods [whole grains, milk, fruit, vegetables]), health concerns (ie, milk allergy/upset stomach [milk]), taste/flavor/smell (milk, whole grains, fruit, vegetables), forget to eat them (vegetables, fruit), and hard to consume or figure out the recommended amount (milk, fruit). For both unrelated adult caregivers and children, reported facilitators closely coincided with the barriers, highlighting modifiable conditions that could help individuals to meet the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.; Lopez, Sandra] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Liu, Yan] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jahns, Lisa] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Bogle, Margaret L.] USDA ARS, Delta Obes Prevent Res Unit, Little Rock, AR USA. [Chester, Deirdra N.] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Inst Food Safety & Nutr, Div Nutr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Chester, Deirdra N.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Giovanni, Maria] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [Giovanni, Maria; Laugero, Kevin] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Obes & Metab Unit, Davis, CA USA. [Klurfeld, David M.] USDA ARS, Off Natl Programs, Beltsville, MD USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates Ave, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.edu OI Jahns, Lisa/0000-0002-1828-6962; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service; Dairy Management Incorporated FX US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service and Dairy Management Incorporated provided funding for this work. The funding agencies had no role in the design of the study, analysis, or content of this publication. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US government. NR 47 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 113 IS 10 BP 1317 EP 1331 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2013.05.004 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 231TS UT WOS:000325441900010 PM 23871110 ER PT J AU Trabue, S Scoggin, K McConnell, LL Li, H Turner, A Burns, R Xin, HW Gates, RS Hasson, A Ogunjemiyo, S Maghirang, R Hatfield, J AF Trabue, Steven Scoggin, Kenwood McConnell, Laura L. Li, Hong Turner, Andrew Burns, Robert Xin, Hongwei Gates, Richard S. Hasson, Alam Ogunjemiyo, Segun Maghirang, Ronaldo Hatfield, Jerry TI Performance of commercial nonmethane hydrocarbon analyzers in monitoring oxygenated volatile organic compounds emitted from animal feeding operations SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID REACTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RESPONSE FACTORS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EMISSIONS; AIR; DETECTOR; CARBON; DAIRY; QUANTIFICATION; ODORANTS AB Quantifying non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) from animal feeding operations (AFOs) is challenging due to the broad spectrum of compounds and the polar nature of the most abundant compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of commercial NMHC analyzers for measuring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) commonly emitted from AFOs. Three different NMHC analyzers were tested for response to laboratory generated VOCs, and two were tested in the field at a commercial poultry facility. The NMHC analyzers tested included gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID), photoacoustic infrared (PA-IR) and photoionization detector (PID). The GC/FID NHHC analyzer was linear in response to non-polar compounds, but detector response to polar oxygenated compounds were lower than expected due to poor peak shape on the column. The PA-IR NMHC instrument responded well to the calibration standard (propane), methanol, and acetone, but it performed poorly with larger alcohols and ketones and acetonitrile. The PA-IR response varied between compounds in similar compound classes. The PID responded poorly to many of the most abundant VOCs at AFOs, and it underreported alcohols by>70%. In the field monitoring study, total NMHC concentrations were calculated from sum total of VOC determined using EPA Methods TO-15 and TO-17 with GC-MS compared to results from NMHC analyzers. NMHC GC/FID values were greater than the values calculated from the individual compound measurements. This indicated the presence of small hydrocarbons not measured with TO-15 or TO-17 such as propane. The PA-IR response was variable, but it was always lower than the GC/FID response. Results suggest that improved approaches are needed to accurately determine the VOC profile and NMHC emission rates from AFOs. Implications: Commercial nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) analyzers that monitor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will underreport true concentrations of VOCs if the compound profiles have significant levels of polar compounds. Laboratory experiments showed that the commercial instruments accurately measured nonpolar compounds, but polar compounds were being underreported by NMHC analyzers with known standards. Field experiments showed that laboratory instruments underreported true concentration in the field due to the fact that the most abundant NMHC associated with animal feeding operations were polar VOCs. This report recommends not using NMHC analyzers for quantifying VOCs at animal feeding operations. C1 [Trabue, Steven; Scoggin, Kenwood; Hatfield, Jerry] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McConnell, Laura L.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Li, Hong; Turner, Andrew; Burns, Robert; Xin, Hongwei] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Li, Hong] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE USA. [Turner, Andrew] Vermeer Corp, Pella, IA USA. [Burns, Robert] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Gates, Richard S.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [Gates, Richard S.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hasson, Alam; Ogunjemiyo, Segun] Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Maghirang, Ronaldo] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Trabue, S (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM steven.trabue@ars.usda.gov RI Gates, Richard/M-4367-2014; OI Gates, Richard/0000-0003-2812-1739; Trabue, Steven/0000-0002-4584-5790 FU Tyson Foods Corporation; USDA NIFA AFRI [2009-35112-05244, 2010-85112-20523] FX This research was partially funded through grants supplied by Tyson Foods Corporation, and USDA NIFA AFRI 2009-35112-05244 and 2010-85112-20523. The authors thank Cynthia Swalla, Julie Steele, Catalina Olea, Srikar Middala, Kennedy Vu, Austen Scruggs, and Lucien Nana for assistance with sampling and analysis. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and use of a name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 10 BP 1163 EP 1172 DI 10.1080/10962247.2013.804464 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 218UU UT WOS:000324458800007 PM 24282968 ER PT J AU Ssegane, H Amatya, DM Tollner, EW Dai, ZH Nettles, JE AF Ssegane, Herbert Amatya, Devendra M. Tollner, E. W. Dai, Zhaohua Nettles, Jami E. TI ESTIMATION OF DAILY STREAMFLOW OF SOUTHEASTERN COASTAL PLAIN WATERSHEDS BY COMBINING ESTIMATED MAGNITUDE AND SEQUENCE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE flow magnitude; flow sequence; ungauged watersheds; flow duration curve; regional equations; watershed variables ID FLOW-DURATION CURVES; HYDROLOGICAL MODEL PARAMETERS; UNGAUGED CATCHMENTS; UNITED-STATES; TIME-SERIES; BASE-FLOW; REGIONALIZATION; SIMULATION; PREDICTION; BASINS AB Commonly used methods to predict streamflow at ungauged watersheds implicitly predict streamflow magnitude and temporal sequence concurrently. An alternative approach that has not been fully explored is the conceptualization of streamflow as a composite of two separable components of magnitude and sequence, where each component is estimated separately and then combined. Magnitude is modeled using the flow duration curve (FDC), whereas sequence is modeled by transferring streamflow sequence of gauged watershed(s). This study tests the applicability of the approach on watersheds ranging in size from about 25-7,226km(2) in Southeastern Coastal Plain (U.S.) with substantial surface storage of wetlands. A 19-point regionalized FDC is developed to estimate streamflow magnitude using the three most selected variables (drainage area, hydrologic soil index, and maximum 24-h precipitation with a recurrence interval of 100years) by a greedy-heuristic search process. The results of validation on four watersheds (Trent River, North Carolina: 02092500; Satilla River, Georgia: 02226500; Black River, South Carolina: 02136000; and Coosawhatchie River, South Carolina: 02176500) yielded Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency values of 0.86-0.98 for the predicted magnitude and 0.09-0.84 for the predicted daily streamflow over a simulation period of 1960-2010. The prediction accuracy of the method on two headwater watersheds at Santee Experimental Forest in coastal South Carolina was weak, but comparable to simulations by MIKE-SHE. C1 [Ssegane, Herbert] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Driftmier Engn Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Amatya, Devendra M.] USDA FS, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. [Tollner, E. W.] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dai, Zhaohua] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Nettles, Jami E.] Weyerhaeuser Co, Columbus, MS USA. RP Ssegane, H (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Driftmier Engn Ctr, 597 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM hssegane@fs.fed.us RI Ssegane, Herbert/K-8098-2014 FU Weyerhaeuser Company through the USDA-Forest Service Center for Forested Wetlands Research (Cordesville, South Carolina) FX The authors thank Weyerhaeuser Company for their financial support to the University of Georgia through the USDA-Forest Service Center for Forested Wetlands Research (Cordesville, South Carolina) and Toby D. Feaster of U.S. Geological Survey (South Calorina Water Science Center) for providing the 20 watershed characteristics for over 800 watersheds in the Southeastern United States. The authors also would like to acknowledge Andy Harrison, Hydrologic Technician at Center for Forested Wetlands Research for helping provide data for small watersheds (WS77 and WS80) at Santee Experimental Forest. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1150 EP 1166 DI 10.1111/jawr.12077 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600012 ER PT J AU Roelvink, J Trabelsi, S Nelson, SO AF Roelvink, J. Trabelsi, S. Nelson, S. O. TI Determining complex permittivity from propagation constant measurements with planar transmission lines SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE permittivity measurements; planar transmission lines; calibration techniques ID COPLANAR WAVE-GUIDES; DISPERSION CHARACTERISTICS; MICROSTRIP LINES; CALIBRATION; SENSORS AB A new two-standard calibration procedure is outlined for determining the complex permittivity of materials from the propagation constant measured with planar transmission lines. Once calibrated, a closed-form expression for the material permittivity is obtained. The effects of radiation and conductor losses are accounted for in the calibration. The multiline technique, combined with a recently proposed planar transmission-line configuration, is used to determine the line propagation constant. An uncertainty analysis is presented for the proposed calibration procedure that includes the uncertainties associated with the multiline technique. This allows line dimensions and calibration standards to be selected that minimize the total measurement uncertainty. The use of air and distilled water as calibration standards gives relatively small measurement uncertainty. Permittivity measurement results for five liquids, covering a wide permittivity range, agree very closely with expected values from 0.5-5 GHz. C1 [Roelvink, J.; Trabelsi, S.; Nelson, S. O.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Roelvink, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM j.roelvink@ieee.org NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 24 IS 10 AR 105001 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/24/10/105001 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 220XY UT WOS:000324621900002 ER PT J AU Proctor, RH Van Hove, F Susca, A Stea, G Busman, M van der Lee, T Waalwijk, C Moretti, A Ward, TJ AF Proctor, Robert H. Van Hove, Francois Susca, Antonia Stea, Gaetano Busman, Mark van der Lee, Theo Waalwijk, Cees Moretti, Antonio Ward, Todd J. TI Birth, death and horizontal transfer of the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster during the evolutionary diversification of Fusarium SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUJIKUROI SPECIES COMPLEX; GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; SECONDARY METABOLISM; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; MULTIGENE FAMILY; SECTION LISEOLA; MIXED MODELS AB Fumonisins are a family of carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by members of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) and rare strains of Fusarium oxysporum. In Fusarium, fumonisin biosynthetic genes (FUM) are clustered, and the cluster is uniform in gene organization. Here, sequence analyses indicated that the cluster exists in five different genomic contexts, defining five cluster types. In FUM gene genealogies, evolutionary relationships between fusaria with different cluster types were largely incongruent with species relationships inferred from primary-metabolism (PM) gene genealogies, and FUM cluster types are not trans-specific. In addition, synonymous site divergence analyses indicated that three FUM cluster types predate diversification of FFSC. The data are not consistent with balancing selection or interspecific hybridization, but they are consistent with two competing hypotheses: (i) multiple horizontal transfers of the cluster from unknown donors to FFSC recipients and (ii) cluster duplication and loss (birth and death). Furthermore, low levels of FUM gene divergence in F.bulbicola, an FFSC species, and F.oxysporum provide evidence for horizontal transfer of the cluster from the former, or a closely related species, to the latter. Thus, uniform gene organization within the FUM cluster belies a complex evolutionary history that has not always paralleled the evolution of Fusarium. C1 [Proctor, Robert H.; Busman, Mark; Ward, Todd J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. [Van Hove, Francois] Catholic Univ Louvain, Earth & Life Inst, BCCMTM MUCL, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Susca, Antonia; Stea, Gaetano; Moretti, Antonio] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [van der Lee, Theo; Waalwijk, Cees] Plant Res Int BV, Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Proctor, RH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. EM robert.proctor@ars.usda.gov RI vanderlee, Theo/J-7296-2013; Susca, Antonia/I-6869-2013; OI Susca, Antonia/0000-0003-0021-8774; Moretti, Antonio/0000-0002-5232-6972 FU Belgian Federal Science Policy Office [BCCM C2/10/007, C3/10/003] FX We thank Celine Bivort, Stephanie Folmar, Stephanie Huret, Marcie Moore, Nathane Orwig and Crystal Probyn for their excellent technical support. In addition, we thank Alejandro Rooney for insightful discussions and Christopher Dunlap for assistance with genome sequence analysis. F.V.H. received financial support from the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (contracts BCCM C2/10/007 and C3/10/003). NR 82 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-382X EI 1365-2958 J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 90 IS 2 BP 290 EP 306 DI 10.1111/mmi.12362 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 232IG UT WOS:000325486100008 PM 23937442 ER PT J AU Gauger, PC Loving, CL Lager, KM Janke, BH Kehrli, ME Roth, JA Vincent, AL AF Gauger, Phillip C. Loving, Crystal L. Lager, Kelly M. Janke, Bruce H. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. Roth, James A. Vincent, Amy L. TI Vaccine-Associated Enhanced Respiratory Disease Does Not Interfere with the Adaptive Immune Response Following Challenge with Pandemic A/H1N1 2009 SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SWINE INFLUENZA-VIRUS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; A VIRUS; PIGS; H1N1; INFECTION; HUMANS; LUNG; H3N2; PATHOGENICITY AB The implications of sequential prime and challenge with mismatched influenza A viruses is a concern in mammals, including humans. We evaluated the ability of pigs affected with vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) to generate a humoral immune response against the heterologous challenge virus inciting the VAERD. Vaccinated and challenged (V/C) pigs were administered an inactivated swine -cluster H1N2 (MN08) vaccine with an HA similar to pre-2009 seasonal human viruses and challenged with heterologous A(H1N1) pandemic 2009 (H1N1pdm09). Vaccination induced MN08-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody but not cross-reacting H1N1pdm09 HI antibody. However, vaccinated pigs demonstrated significantly higher post-challenge anti-H1N1pdm09 serum neutralizing (SN) antibodies at 14 and 21 days post inoculation (dpi) compared to nonvaccinated, challenged pigs (NV/C), indicating a priming effect of the vaccine. Serum and lung whole virus anti-H1N1pdm09IgG ELISA antibodies in the vaccinated group were significantly higher than the challenge only pigs at all-time points evaluated. Lung IgA ELISA antibodies to both antigens were detected at 2, 5, and 21dpi in vaccine-primed pigs, contrasted against mucosal ELISA antibody responses detected only at 21dpi in the naive-challenged group. Collectively, vaccine-primed pigs demonstrated a robust humoral immune response and elevated local adaptive cytokine levels, indicating VAERD does not adversely affect the induction of an immune response to challenge with heterologous virus despite the severe clinical disease and underlying lung pathology. Thus, original antigenic sin does not appear to be a component of VAERD. C1 [Gauger, Phillip C.; Loving, Crystal L.; Lager, Kelly M.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.; Vincent, Amy L.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.; Janke, Bruce H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. [Roth, James A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Vincent, AL (reprint author), Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov RI Roth, James/A-7122-2009 OI Roth, James/0000-0003-3562-668X FU USDA-ARS FX The authors thank Michelle Harland and Gwen Nordholm for technical assistance and Brian Pottebaum, Jason Huegel, and Jason Crabtree for assistance with animal studies. Assistance with microbiologic screening from Dr. Susan Brockmeier is appreciated. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Funding was provided by USDA-ARS. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0882-8245 EI 1557-8976 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 26 IS 5 BP 314 EP 321 DI 10.1089/vim.2013.0018 PG 8 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA 232ZZ UT WOS:000325535000003 PM 24033080 ER PT J AU Cheung, AK Ng, TF Lager, KM Bayles, DO Alt, DP Delwart, EL Pogranichniy, RM Kehrli, ME AF Cheung, Andrew K. Ng, Terry F. Lager, Kelly M. Bayles, Darrell O. Alt, David P. Delwart, Eric L. Pogranichniy, Roman M. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. TI A divergent clade of circular single-stranded DNA viruses from pig feces SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deep sequencing; Porcine stool-associated circular virus ID IDENTIFICATION; SAMPLES; STOOL AB Using metagenomics and molecular cloning methods, we characterized five novel small, circular viral genomes from pig feces that are distantly related to chimpanzee and porcine stool-associated circular viruses, (ChiSCV and PoSCV1). Phylogenetic analysis placed these viruses into a highly divergent clade of this rapidly growing new viral family. This new clade of viruses, provisionally named porcine stool-associated circular virus 2 and 3 (PoSCV2 and PoSCV3), encodes a stem-loop structure (presumably the origin of DNA replication) in the small intergenic region and a replication initiator protein commonly found in other biological systems that replicate their genomes via the rolling-circle mechanism. Furthermore, these viruses also exhibit three additional overlapping open reading frames in the large intergenic region between the capsid and replication initiator protein genes. C1 [Cheung, Andrew K.; Lager, Kelly M.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Ng, Terry F.; Delwart, Eric L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bayles, Darrell O.; Alt, David P.] ARS, Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Pogranichniy, Roman M.] Purdue Univ, Indiana Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pogranichniy, Roman M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cheung, AK (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Andrew.Cheung@ars.usda.gov OI Delwart, Eric/0000-0002-6296-4484; Ng, Terry Fei Fan/0000-0002-4815-8697 FU [R01 HL105770] FX The authors thank N. Otis, L. Hobbs, D. Michael and M. Woodruff for technical assistance and S. Ohlendorf for manuscript preparation. T. F. N. and E. L. D. were supported by R01 HL105770. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 158 IS 10 BP 2157 EP 2162 DI 10.1007/s00705-013-1701-z PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 226BA UT WOS:000325008000017 PM 23612924 ER PT J AU Wang, MQ Abad, J Fuentes, S Li, RH AF Wang, Mingqiang Abad, Jorge Fuentes, Segundo Li, Ruhui TI Complete genome sequence of the original Taiwanese isolate of sweet potato latent virus and its relationship to other potyviruses infecting sweet potato SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILY POTYVIRIDAE; COAT PROTEIN; GENUS AB The complete genome of sweet potato latent virus (SPLV) was determined to be 10081 nucleotides long excluding the 3' poly (A) tail. The genome contains a single large open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of 3247 amino acids. Its genomic organization is typical of potyviruses and contains motifs conserved in members of the genus Potyvirus. Pairwise comparisons show that SPLV shares identities of 50.0 %-56.3 % to other potyviruses at the genomic sequence level. Phylogenetic analysis shows that SPLV is closely related to four other sweet potato potyviruses in the sweet potato feathery mottle virus lineage, but it lacks the unique PISPO in the P1 region of those viruses. The genome analyses confirm that SPLV is a distinct sweet potato virus in the genus Potyvirus. C1 [Wang, Mingqiang; Li, Ruhui] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Abad, Jorge] USDA APHIS PPQ PHP, Plant Germplasm Quarantine Program, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fuentes, Segundo] Int Potato Ctr CIP, Lima, Peru. RP Li, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Ruhui.Li@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 158 IS 10 BP 2189 EP 2192 DI 10.1007/s00705-013-1705-8 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 226BA UT WOS:000325008000023 PM 23624656 ER PT J AU Risch, AC Jurgensen, MF Page-Dumroese, DS Schutz, M AF Risch, Anita C. Jurgensen, Martin F. Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. Schuetz, Martin TI Initial turnover rates of two standard wood substrates following land-use change in subalpine ecosystems in the Swiss Alps SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER DECOMPOSITION; LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT; CENTRAL-EUROPEAN ALPS; CARBON STOCKS; NATIONAL-PARK; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; CONIFER FORESTS; BOREAL FORESTS; RED DEER; SOIL AB Forest cover has increased in mountainous areas of Europe over the past decades because of the abandonment of agricultural areas (land-use change). For this reason, understanding how land-use change affects carbon (C) source-sink strength is of great importance. However, most studies have assessed mountainous systems C stocks, and less is known about C turnover rates, especially of "fresh" organic material (OM). We studied the decomposition of wood stakes of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) placed on the litter layer and in the mineral soil of five ecosystem types (pastures and forests) - representing the successional development after land abandonment in the eastern Swiss Alps - for 6 years. Wood stake decomposition rates were generally highest in pastures and lowest in early successional forests. Aspen stakes decomposed more rapidly than pine stakes, especially in the mineral soil. Soil temperature (and to a smaller extent soil phosphorus (P) concentration) best explained the differences in decomposition among the ecosystem types. Initial wood decay is temperature-sensitive, and therefore would likely increase under future climate change scenarios. C1 [Risch, Anita C.; Schuetz, Martin] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Jurgensen, Martin F.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Risch, AC (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, Zuercherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM anita.risch@wsl.ch RI Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012 OI Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336 FU Swiss National Park FX We express our gratitude to the Swiss National Park for the support of our research. We thank Joni Moore for her help with processing the wood stakes, Achilleas Psomas for his help extracting the climate data, and various volunteers for their help in inserting and extracting the wood stakes, as well as sampling the soil. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 25 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 43 IS 10 BP 901 EP 910 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0109 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 231ZL UT WOS:000325456800003 ER PT J AU Zhang, JW Oliver, WW Powers, RF AF Zhang, Jianwei Oliver, William W. Powers, Robert F. TI Reevaluating the self-thinning boundary line for ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID STAND-DENSITY INDEX; REGRESSION QUANTILES; UNITED-STATES; FRONTIER; RULE; PRODUCTIVITY; PLANTATIONS; USA AB The self-thinning rule has been used extensively to predict population dynamics under intraspecific and interspecific competition. In forestry, it is an important silvicultural concept for maintaining stand health in the face of climate change and biotic stress, but uncertainty exists because traditional self-thinning limits were set subjectively without regard to site quality. We addressed this by analyzing ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson) data from 109 research plots measured repeatedly and 59 inventory plots measured once across California. Self-thinning boundaries were fitted to the data with quantile regression and stochastic frontier function (SFF) techniques with and without site index (SI) as a covariate. The models from both methods fitted the data well with either research plots or all plots. Slopes for size-density trajectories were -0.45 with the 0.99 quantile and -0.47 for SFF. Maximum stand density indices (SDI) were 1250 trees per hectare (TPH) with the 0.99 quantile and 1050-1060 TPH with SFF. Mortality occurred when site occupancy from SFF reached 0.75, suggesting a zone of imminent mortality. Curvilinear trends in maximum SDI across SI for both methods indicate that self-thinning varies with site quality. Any management regimes that increase site quality and productivity will increase the self-thinning boundary. C1 [Zhang, Jianwei; Oliver, William W.; Powers, Robert F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Zhang, JW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM jianweizhang@fs.fed.us FU Sierra Cascade Intensive Forest Management Research Cooperative FX We thank all who designed, installed, maintained, and measured these plots during the last 50 years. Thanks also to Dr. Lianjun Zhang for suggesting the use of quantile regression analysis and to Dr. Jim Baldwin, our station statistician, for helping in the stochastic frontier regression and boot strapping to approximate the confidence intervals. The suggestions for improving the manuscript from Dr. Haiganoush Preisler, Dr. Mark Kimsey, and the anonymous reviewers are greatly appreciated. Sierra Cascade Intensive Forest Management Research Cooperative provided partial financial support for the last measurements. Use of trade names in this paper does not constitute endorsement by the United States Forest Service. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 31 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 43 IS 10 BP 963 EP 971 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0133 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 231ZL UT WOS:000325456800009 ER PT J AU Fraser, JS He, HS Shifley, SR Wang, WJ Thompson, FR AF Fraser, Jacob S. He, Hong S. Shifley, Stephen R. Wang, Wen J. Thompson, Frank R., III TI Simulating stand-level harvest prescriptions across landscapes: LANDIS PRO harvest module design SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID FOREST SUCCESSION; MODELS; SCALE AB Forest landscape models (FLMs) are an important tool for assessing the long-term cumulative effects of harvest over large spatial extents. However, they have not been commonly used to guide forest management planning and on-the-ground operations. This is largely because FLMs track relatively simplistic vegetation information such as age cohort presence/absence, forest type, and biomass that are incompatible with tree density and size on which most harvest prescriptions are based. We describe and demonstrate the newly developed harvest module of the LANDIS PRO FLM, which tracks density, size, basal area, and stocking by species age cohorts for each site (cell). With this quantitative information, the module can simulate basal area controlled harvest, stocking-level controlled harvest, and group selection harvest. Through user-specified harvest year (frequency), stand ranking, and species and age preference, the new module can simulate a wide variety of harvest prescriptions such as thinning from above and below, shelterwood, clear-cutting, and group selection. We applied the LANDIS PRO harvest module to a large (17 000 km(2)) central hardwood forest landscape in Missouri. The simulated harvest prescriptions produced realistic stand-scale results when plotted on Gingrich stocking charts. The harvest module improves on previous versions by allowing partial treatment of individual age-classes within a cell and reporting results in metrics commonly used in stand-scale silviculture. It provides a closer link between landscape-scale simulation methods and stand-scale management. C1 [Fraser, Jacob S.; He, Hong S.; Wang, Wen J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Shifley, Stephen R.; Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Fraser, JS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM fraserjs@missouri.edu OI He, Hong S./0000-0002-3983-2512 FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station; University of Missouri Mission Enhancement Program FX We thank Qia Wang for the LANDIS PRO coding and William Dijak for general technical support. The project was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station and University of Missouri Mission Enhancement Program. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 19 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 43 IS 10 BP 972 EP 978 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0190 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 231ZL UT WOS:000325456800010 ER PT J AU Kerns, BK Westlind, DJ AF Kerns, B. K. Westlind, Douglas J. TI Effect of season and interval of prescribed burn on ponderosa pine butterfly defoliation patterns SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID EASTERN OREGON; TREE MORTALITY; BARK BEETLES; FORESTS; FIRE; USA; RESTORATION; PRESETTLEMENT; ECOSYSTEMS; PREDICTION AB Current knowledge concerning the interactions between forest disturbances such as fire and insect defoliation is limited. Wildfires and prescribed burns may influence the intensity and severity of insect outbreaks by affecting the vigor of residual trees, altering aspects of stand structure and abundance of preferred hosts, and by changing the physical environment within forest stands. Prescribed burn timing and frequency are particularly important aspects of the fire regime to consider because they can alter numerous aspects of tree vigor, stand structure, and environmental conditions, and can be manipulated by managers. We evaluated ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) defoliation patterns in relation to season (fall and spring) and interval (5 or 15 years) of prescribed burn in the southern Blue Mountains of Oregon. Beginning in 2008 a pine butterfly (Neophasia menapia C. Felder & R. Felder) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) outbreak coincided with a long-term experimental study, providing a unique opportunity to address this question. Defoliation patterns were measured in 2012. The 5 year interval plots had burned three times with five growing seasons of recovery and the 15 year interval plots had burned once with 15 growing seasons of recovery. Mean pine butterfly defoliation across the study area was about 71%. We found a significant interaction between season of burn and interval of burn on defoliation. Areas burned in the fall every 5 years had marginally less (about 5%) defoliation compared with areas that were burned in the fall 15 years previous. Regression tree analysis revealed that defoliation patterns varied based on stand location, percent mortality since the start of the experiment, and tree height. Our results show that (i) season of burn and interval of burn did not predispose these stands to increased defoliation during a pine butterfly outbreak and (ii) repeat burning may actually lead to lower defoliation. However, the effect we document is small and only marginally significant. C1 [Kerns, B. K.; Westlind, Douglas J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kerns, BK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Ave, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM bkerns@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [12-01-01-10]; National Fire Plan provided funds FX The Joint Fire Sciences Program (Project 12-01-01-10) and National Fire Plan provided funds. We thank the Malheur National Forest for support throughout many years of planning and execution of this study. Thanks to numerous field crew members, and special thanks to Michelle Day for analytical support and review. Thanks to Rick Kelsey and two reviewers for providing helpful reviews of an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 26 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 43 IS 10 BP 979 EP 983 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0153 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 231ZL UT WOS:000325456800011 ER PT J AU de Almeida, MB Schild, AL Pfister, J Pimentel, M Forster, KM Riet-Correa, F AF de Almeida, Milton Begeres Schild, Ana Lucia Pfister, James Pimentel, Marcelo Forster, Karine Maciel Riet-Correa, Franklin TI Methods of inducing conditioned food aversion to Baccharis coridifolia (mio-mio) in cattle SO CIENCIA RURAL LA English DT Article DE Baccharis coridifolia; cattle; food-conditioned aversion; plant poisoning control AB Three experiments were performed to determine the efficacy of various methods of averting nave cattle to prevent Baccharis coridifolia poisoning: forced oral administration of 0.5g kg(-1) body weight of fresh B. coridifolia; forced inhalation of the smoke from burning B. coridifolia and rubbing the plant on the animals' muzzles and mouths; and introducing the animals into paddocks with low invasion by B. coridifolia. Results demonstrated that cattle forced to ingest low doses become strongly averted if introduced into paddocks 23-26 hours after the aversion. In contrast, cattle introduced into the paddocks between 1-10 hours were not fully averted. Inhalation of B. coridifolia smoke, and rubbing the plant on the animals' muzzles and mouths were not efficient to induce an aversion. The introduction of cattle into paddocks with approximately 1% of B. coridifolia was efficient if the animals remained 5 months in the area, but not if they only remained for 60 hours, as cattle required sufficient time to learn to avoid the plant. C1 [de Almeida, Milton Begeres] Fed Univ Para, Fac Med Vet, BR-68746360 Castanhal, PA, Brazil. [Schild, Ana Lucia] Univ Fed Pelotas, Fac Vet, LRD, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Pfister, James] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT USA. [Pimentel, Marcelo; Forster, Karine Maciel] Univ Fed Pelotas, FAEM, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Riet-Correa, Franklin] UFCG, CSTR, Hosp Vet, Patos de Minas, RS, Brazil. RP de Almeida, MB (reprint author), Fed Univ Para, Fac Med Vet, Ave Univ S-N Jaderlandia, BR-68746360 Castanhal, PA, Brazil. EM begeres@yahoo.com.br RI Schild, Ana Lucia/H-6330-2014 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [471588/2004-0]; National Institute of Science for the Control of Plant Poisoning [573534/2008-0] FX This work was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) (Proc. n. 471588/2004-0) and by the National Institute of Science for the Control of Plant Poisoning, grant no. 573534/2008-0. We thank Dr. Leo Lucas, DVM, for providing animals and experimental areas in Dom Pedrito/RS, Brazil. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV FEDERAL SANTA MARIA PI SANTA MARIA PA UNIV FEDERAL SANTA MARIA, SANTA MARIA, RS 97105.9, BRAZIL SN 0103-8478 J9 CIENC RURAL JI Cienc. Rural PD OCT PY 2013 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1866 EP 1871 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 220OY UT WOS:000324595500022 ER PT J AU Lozier, JD Strange, JP Koch, JB AF Lozier, Jeffrey D. Strange, James P. Koch, Jonathan B. TI Landscape heterogeneity predicts gene flow in a widespread polymorphic bumble bee, Bombus bifarius (Hymenoptera: Apidae) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Landscape genetics; Isolation by distance; Isolation by resistance; Environmental niche model; Microsatellites; Circuit theory; Color polymorphism ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NEST DENSITY; LAND-USE; DIFFERENTIATION; INFERENCE; DISTANCE; PATTERNS; SALAMANDER; ECOLOGY AB Bombus bifarius is a widespread bumble bee that occurs in montane regions of western North America. This species has several major color pattern polymorphisms and shows evidence of genetic structuring among regional populations, and the taxonomic status of regional populations has repeatedly been debated. We test whether observed structure is evidence for discrete gene flow barriers that might indicate isolation or instead reflects clinal variation associated with spatially limited dispersal in a complex landscape. We first consider color pattern variation and identify geographical patterns of B. bifarius color variation using cluster analysis. We then use climate data and a comprehensive set of B. bifarius natural history records with an existing genetic data set to model the distribution of environmentally suitable habitat in western North America and predict pathways of potential gene flow using circuit theory. Resistance distances among populations that incorporate environmental suitability information predict patterns of genetic structure much better than geographic distance or Bayesian clustering alone. Results suggest that there may not be barriers to gene flow warranting further taxonomic considerations, but rather that the arrangement of suitable habitat at broad scales limits dispersal sufficiently to explain observed levels of population differentiation in B. bifarius. C1 [Lozier, Jeffrey D.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35407 USA. [Strange, James P.; Koch, Jonathan B.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Koch, Jonathan B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Lozier, JD (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35407 USA. EM jlozier@as.ua.edu OI Strange, James/0000-0002-9612-6868 FU United States Department of Agriculture [CSREES-NRI 2007-02274] FX We thank the many curators and institutions listed in Cameron et al. (2011) for access to B. bifarius specimens used for our ENM. We thank J. Knoblett for assistance in generating molecular data, and S. Jha and reviewers for comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The data for this research was supported in part by a grant from the United States Department of Agriculture (CSREES-NRI 2007-02274) NR 74 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 10 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 14 IS 5 BP 1099 EP 1110 DI 10.1007/s10592-013-0498-3 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 227PZ UT WOS:000325127100016 ER PT J AU DiPietro, L Gribok, A Stevens, MS Hamm, LF Rumpler, W AF DiPietro, Loretta Gribok, Andrei Stevens, Michelle S. Hamm, Larry F. Rumpler, William TI Three 15-min Bouts of Moderate Postmeal Walking Significantly Improves 24-h Glycemic Control in Older People at Risk for Impaired Glucose Tolerance SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; EXERCISE; INSULIN; MUSCLE; MEN; HEMOGLOBIN; WOMEN; MEAL; TIME; CGMS AB OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three 15-min bouts of postmeal walking with 45 min of sustained walking on 24-h glycemic control in older persons at risk for glucose intolerance.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSInactive older (60 years of age) participants (N = 10) were recruited from the community and were nonsmoking, with a BMI <35 kg/m(2) and a fasting blood glucose concentration between 105 and 125 mg dL(-1). Participants completed three randomly ordered exercise protocols spaced 4 weeks apart. Each protocol comprised a 48-h stay in a whole-room calorimeter, with the first day serving as the control day. On the second day, participants engaged in either 1) postmeal walking for 15 min or 45 min of sustained walking performed at 2) 10:30 a.m. or 3) 4:30 p.m. All walking was on a treadmill at an absolute intensity of 3 METs. Interstitial glucose concentrations were determined over 48 h with a continuous glucose monitor. Substrate utilization was measured continuously by respiratory exchange (VCO2/VO2).RESULTSBoth sustained morning walking (127 23 vs. 118 +/- 14 mg dL(-1)) and postmeal walking (129 +/- 24 vs. 116 +/- 13 mg dL(-1)) significantly improved 24-h glycemic control relative to the control day (P < 0.05). Moreover, postmeal walking was significantly (P < 0.01) more effective than 45 min of sustained morning or afternoon walking in lowering 3-h postdinner glucose between the control and experimental day.CONCLUSIONSShort, intermittent bouts of postmeal walking appear to be an effective way to control postprandial hyperglycemia in older people. C1 [DiPietro, Loretta; Hamm, Larry F.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Exercise Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Gribok, Andrei; Stevens, Michelle S.; Rumpler, William] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP DiPietro, L (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Exercise Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM ldp1@gwu.edu FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging [R21-AG-031550]; BHNRC, Agricultural Research Service, USDA FX This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging Grant R21-AG-031550 (to L.D.P.) and by the BHNRC, Agricultural Research Service, USDA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD OCT PY 2013 VL 36 IS 10 BP 3262 EP 3268 DI 10.2337/dc13-0084 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 222RT UT WOS:000324749500071 PM 23761134 ER PT J AU Caperna, TJ Shannon, AE Garrett, WM Ramsay, TG Blomberg, LA Elsasser, TH AF Caperna, T. J. Shannon, A. E. Garrett, W. M. Ramsay, T. G. Blomberg, L. A. Elsasser, T. H. TI Identification and characterization of a nuclear factor-kappa B-p65 proteolytic fragment in nuclei of porcine hepatocytes in monolayer culture SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cytokines; Tumor necrosis factor; Mass spectrometry; Oncostatin M; IL-6 ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR-1; LIVER HOMEOSTASIS; CELLS; CLEAVAGE; DISEASES; TRANSCRIPTION; INFLAMMATION; INFECTION; PATHWAYS; PROTEINS AB Hepatic responses to proinflammatory signals are controlled by the activation of several transcription factors, including, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B). In this study, hepatocytes prepared from suckling pigs and maintained in serum-free monolayer culture were used to define a novel proinflammatory cytokine-specific NF-kappa B subunit modification. The immunoreactive p65 protein was detected by Western blot analysis at the appropriate molecular weight in the cytosol of control cultures and those incubated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). However, in nuclei, the p65 antisera cross-reacted with a protein of approximately 38 kDa (termed p38) after TNF addition, which was not observed in the cytosol of control or cytokine-treated cells. Specifically, incubation with TNF also resulted in phosphorylation (P < 0.05) of the inhibitor complex protein (I kappa B), whereas incubation with other cytokines, IL-6, IL-17a, or oncostatin M was not associated with either phosphorylation of I kappa B or nuclear translocation of p65. Intracellular endothelial nitric oxide synthase was deceased (P < 0.05) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 secretion was increased (P < 0.05) after TNF incubation. The TNF-induced p38 protein was purified from hepatocyte nuclei by immunoprecipitation, concentrated by electrophoresis, and subsequently analyzed by mass spectrometry. Ten unique NF-kappa B p65 peptides were identified after digestion with trypsin and chymotrypsin; however, all were mapped to the N-terminus and within the first 310 amino acid residues of the intact p65 protein. Although low molecular weight immunoreactive p65 molecules were previously observed in various human and rodent systems, this is the first report to positively identify the p38 fragment within hepatocyte nuclei or after specific cytokine (TNF) induction. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Caperna, T. J.; Shannon, A. E.; Garrett, W. M.; Ramsay, T. G.; Blomberg, L. A.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Caperna, TJ (reprint author), ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC East, Bldg 200,Rm 202, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM thomas.caperna@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 154 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.08.003 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 226LD UT WOS:000325036800006 PM 24011531 ER PT J AU Carroll, JA Sanchez, NCB Chaffin, R Chase, CC Coleman, SW Spiers, DE AF Carroll, J. A. Sanchez, N. C. Burdick Chaffin, R. Chase, C. C., Jr. Coleman, S. W. Spiers, D. E. TI Heat-tolerant versus heat-sensitive Bos taurus cattle: influence of air temperature and breed on the acute phase response to a provocative immune challenge SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Angus; Romosinuano; Heat stress; Immune; Lipopolysaccharide ID RECTAL TEMPERATURE; ROMOSINUANO STEERS; SICKNESS BEHAVIOR; ANGUS; CALVES; ENDOTOXIN; HYPERTHERMIA; EXPOSURE; BRAHMAN; TRAITS AB The difference in the acute phase response of a heat-tolerant and a heat-sensitive Bos taurus breed to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge when housed at different air temperatures (T-a) was studied. Angus (ANG; heat-sensitive; n = 11; 306 +/- 26 kg BW) and Romosinuano (RO; heat-tolerant; n = 10; 313 +/- 32 kg BW) heifers were transported from the USDA Agricultural Research Service SubTropical Agricultural Research Station in Florida to the Brody Environmental Chambers at the University of Missouri, Columbia. Heifers were housed in stanchions in 4 temperature-controlled environmental chambers. Initially, T-a in the 4 chambers was cycling at thermoneutrality (TN; 18.5 degrees C-23.5 degrees C) for a 1-wk adjustment period, followed by an increase in 2 of the 4 chambers to cycling heat stress (HS; 24 degrees C-38 degrees C) for 2 wk. On day 19, heifers were fitted with jugular catheters and rectal temperature (RT) recording devices. On day 20, heifers were challenged with LPS (0.5 mu g/kg BW; 0 h), sickness behavior scores (SBSs) were recorded, and blood samples were collected at 0.5-h intervals from -2 to 8 h and again at 24 h relative to LPS challenge at 0 h. Serum was isolated and stored at -80 degrees C until analyzed for cortisol and cytokine concentrations. A breed by T-a interaction (P < 0.001) was observed for RI such that the post-LPS average RT in RO heifers housed at TN was lower than the RT of all other treatment groups (P < 0.001), whereas ANG heifers housed at HS had greater post-LPS average RI than all other treatment groups (P < 0.001). In response to LPS, HS increased SBS after LPS in RO heifers compared to RO heifers housed at TN (P < 0.001), whereas HS decreased SBS after LPS in ANG heifers compared to ANG heifers housed at TN (P = 0.014). The cortisol response to LPS was greater in TN than in HS heifers (P < 0.01) and was also greater in RO than in ANG heifers (P = 0.03). A breed by T-a interaction (P < 0.01) was observed for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentration such that HS increased post-LPS serum concentrations of TNF-alpha in ANG heifers compared to ANG heifers housed at TN (P = 0.041), whereas HS decreased post-LPS concentrations of TNF-alpha in RO heifers compared to RO heifers housed at TN (P = 0.008). A tendency (P < 0.06) was observed for a breed by T-a interaction for IL-6 concentrations such that RO heifers had greater post-LPS concentrations of IL-6 than ANG heifers when housed at HS (P = 0.020). A breed by T-a interaction was observed for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; P < 0.01) concentrations such that HS decreased post-LPS concentrations of IFN-gamma in ANG heifers compared to ANG heifers housed at TN (P < 0.001), and HS increased post-LPS concentrations of IFN-gamma in RO heifers compared to RO heifers housed at TN (P = 0.017). These data indicate differences in the acute phase response between the heat-tolerant RO and heat-sensitive ANG heifers under different T-a which may aid in elucidating differences in productivity, disease resistance, and longevity among cattle breeds. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Carroll, J. A.; Sanchez, N. C. Burdick] ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Chaffin, R.; Spiers, D. E.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Chase, C. C., Jr.; Coleman, S. W.] ARS, SubTrop Agr Res Stn, USDA, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM jeff.carroll@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 45 IS 3 BP 163 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.08.002 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 226LD UT WOS:000325036800007 PM 24050374 ER PT J AU Ceglia, L Rivas, DA Pojednic, RM Price, LL Harris, SS Smith, D Fielding, RA Dawson-Hughes, B AF Ceglia, Lisa Rivas, Donato A. Pojednic, Rachele M. Price, Lori Lyn Harris, Susan S. Smith, Donald Fielding, Roger A. Dawson-Hughes, Bess TI Effects of alkali supplementation and vitamin D insufficiency on rat skeletal muscle SO ENDOCRINE LA English DT Article DE Skeletal muscle; Potassium bicarbonate; Vitamin D; Metabolic acidosis ID METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS; OLDER MEN; URINE PH; NITROGEN; DIETARY; WOMEN; MASS; DEGRADATION; BICARBONATE; MYOPATHY AB Data on the independent and potential combined effects of acid-base balance and vitamin D status on muscle mass and metabolism are lacking. We investigated whether alkali supplementation with potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3), with or without vitamin D-3 (+/- VD3), alters urinary nitrogen (indicator of muscle proteolysis), muscle fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA), fiber number (FN), and anabolic (IGF-1, Akt, p70s6k) and catabolic (FOXO3a, MURF1, MAFbx) signaling pathways regulating muscle mass. Thirty-six, 20-month-old, Fischer 344/Brown-Norway rats were randomly assigned in a 2 x 2 factorial design to one of two KHCO3-supplemented diets (+/- VD3) or diets without KHCO3 (+/- VD3) for 12 weeks. Soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and plantaris muscles were harvested at 12 weeks. Independent of VD3 group, KHCO3 supplementation resulted in 35 % lower mean urinary nitrogen to creatinine ratio, 10 % higher mean type I FCSA (adjusted to muscle weight), but no statistically different mean type II FCSA (adjusted to muscle weight) or FN compared to no KHCO3. Among VD3-replete rats, phosphorylated-Akt protein expression was twofold higher in the KHCO3 compared to no KHCO3 groups, but this effect was blunted in rats on VD3-deficient diets. Neither intervention significantly affected serum or intramuscular IGF-1 expression, p70s6k or FOXO3a activation, or MURF1 and MAFbx gene expression. These findings provide support for alkali supplementation as a promising intervention to promote preservation of skeletal muscle mass, particularly in the setting of higher vitamin D status. Additional research is needed in defining the muscle biological pathways that are being targeted by alkali and vitamin D supplementation. C1 [Ceglia, Lisa] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ceglia, Lisa; Harris, Susan S.; Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rivas, Donato A.; Pojednic, Rachele M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Smith, Donald] Tufts Univ, Comparat Biol Unit, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ceglia, L (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Box 268,800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM lisa.ceglia@tufts.edu OI Rivas, Donato/0000-0002-4500-6233 FU Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [5P30AG031679]; Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute [UL1 RR025752]; National Center for Research Resources; Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman Foundation; USDA, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX The authors thank the Comparative Biology Unit and the Nutrition Evaluation Laboratory at the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University for their help with the study. The research study was supported by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (5P30AG031679). Additional support was provided by the Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute Grant (UL1 RR025752) from the National Center for Research Resources and the Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman Foundation. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources. This material is also based upon work supported by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept of Agriculture. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1355-008X EI 1559-0100 J9 ENDOCRINE JI Endocrine PD OCT PY 2013 VL 44 IS 2 BP 454 EP 464 DI 10.1007/s12020-013-9976-0 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 230RT UT WOS:000325360800026 PM 23666769 ER PT J AU Subke, JA Lamers, M Herbst, M Franzluebbers, A AF Subke, Jens-Arne Lamers, Marc Herbst, Michael Franzluebbers, Alan TI Greenhouse gas emissions from soil under changing environmental conditions Introduction SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Subke, Jens-Arne] Univ Stirling, Sch Nat Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Lamers, Marc] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Soil Sci & Land Evaluat, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. [Herbst, Michael] Forschungszentrum Julich, ICG 4, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Franzluebbers, Alan] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Subke, JA (reprint author), Univ Stirling, Sch Nat Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. RI Subke, Jens-Arne/M-3049-2013 OI Subke, Jens-Arne/0000-0001-9244-639X NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-0754 J9 EUR J SOIL SCI JI Eur. J. Soil Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 64 IS 5 SI SI BP 547 EP 549 DI 10.1111/ejss.12099 PG 3 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 227VN UT WOS:000325143700001 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Stuedemann, JA AF Franzluebbers, A. J. Stuedemann, J. A. TI Soil-profile distribution of organic C and N after 6 years of tillage and grazing management SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN PIEDMONT USA; CROP-LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION; GRAZED TALL FESCUE; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN STORAGE; CULTIVATION; PARTICULATE; FRACTIONS; RESPONSES AB Stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) are key determinants for evaluating agricultural management practices to address climate change, environmental quality and soil productivity issues. We determined SOC, TSN and particulate organic C and N depth distributions and cumulative stocks in response to 6years of tillage (conventional and no-tillage) and cover-crop management (without and with cattle grazing) on an Acrisol in the southeastern USA. Total and particulate organic C concentrations were greater under no-tillage than under conventional tillage at a depth of 0-20cm only. No differences in concentrations at various depths to 150cm or of cumulative stocks were observed in total and particulate organic C and N in response to cover crop management, suggesting that animal grazing had no negative effect on SOC and TSN. Compared with perennial grass as a control, the stock of SOC was significantly reduced under cropping at a depth of 0-40cm, was trending toward reduction at a depth of 0-90cm and was not different at a depth of 0-150cm. A declining significance of management with depth indicated an important consideration in attempts to determine the whole-profile response of SOC and TSN to management: rigorous sampling approaches are needed to overcome the problems of small concentrations and large variation with increasing soil depth. The results of this study clearly indicate that (i) greater SOC and TSN concentrations can be expected in the surface layer under no-tillage than under conventional tillage in Acrisols of the warm, moist climatic region of the southeastern USA and (ii) compensation for stratified SOC and TSN with no-tillage does not occur deeper in the soil profile, such that the same relative numeric difference that occurred at the surface remains unchanged with greater cumulative depth. C1 [Franzluebbers, A. J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stuedemann, J. A.] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program [2001-35107-11126]; Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn FX Thanks are extended to Mr Steven W. Knapp for his excellent management of field and laboratory work on this project. We also thank Dwight Seman, C.J. O'Mara, and Eric Elsner for managing cattle, Robert Martin for analysing C and N of soil, and Carson Pruitt, Zack Schroer, Kelley and Kim Lyness, Josh Cown, Amanda Limbaugh, Faye Black, Stephanie Steed and Devin Berry for their assistance while students. Early financial support was provided by the USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (Agr. No. 2001-35107-11126) and the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 57 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-0754 J9 EUR J SOIL SCI JI Eur. J. Soil Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 64 IS 5 SI SI BP 558 EP 566 DI 10.1111/ejss.12057 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 227VN UT WOS:000325143700003 ER PT J AU Chaverri, P Samuels, GJ AF Chaverri, Priscila Samuels, Gary J. TI EVOLUTION OF HABITAT PREFERENCE AND NUTRITION MODE IN A COSMOPOLITAN FUNGAL GENUS WITH EVIDENCE OF INTERKINGDOM HOST JUMPS AND MAJOR SHIFTS IN ECOLOGY SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Adaptive radiation; Ascomycota; horizontal gene transfer; Hypocrea; phylogenetics; speciation ID WITCHES-BROOM PATHOGEN; INDICA A. JUSS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; THEOBROMA-CACAO; TRICHODERMA-HARZIANUM; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; ENDOPHYTIC MYCOFLORA; GLIOCLADIUM-VIRENS; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT AB Host jumps by microbial symbionts are often associated with bursts of species diversification driven by the exploitation of new adaptive zones. The objective of this study was to infer the evolution of habitat preference (decaying plants, soil, living fungi, and living plants), and nutrition mode (saprotrophy and mycoparasitism) in the fungal genus Trichoderma to elucidate possible interkingdom host jumps and shifts in ecology. Host and ecological role shifts were inferred by phylogenetic analyses and ancestral character reconstructions. The results support several interkingdom host jumps and also show that the preference for a particular habitat was gained or lost multiple times. Diversification analysis revealed that mycoparasitism is associated with accelerated speciation rates, which then suggests that this trait may be linked to the high number of species in Trichoderma. In this study it was also possible to infer the cryptic roles that endophytes or soil inhabitants play in their hosts by evaluating their closest relatives and determining their most recent ancestors. Findings from this study may have implications for understanding certain evolutionary processes such as species radiations in some hyperdiverse groups of fungi, and for more applied fields such as the discovery and development of novel biological control strategies. C1 [Chaverri, Priscila] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Samuels, Gary J.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chaverri, P (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, 2112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM pchaverr@umd.edu OI Chaverri, Priscila/0000-0002-8486-6033 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-9712308, DEB-925672, DEB-1019972] FX The authors thank F. Lutzoni (Duke University); S. Rehner (Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture [ARS-USDA]); graduate students (C. Salgado, C. Herrera, D. Skaltsas, S. Linares) and post-doc (Y. Hirooka) in the "journal club" at UMD ("Advances in Research" PLSC 789A) and anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments on this article. The authors also thank O. Liparini Pereira (Univ. Federal de Vicosa, Brazil) for providing the image Figure 1D. The authors greatly appreciate their collaborators around the world for providing specimens and cultures of Trichoderma. The authors acknowledge A. Ismaiel (ARS-USDA) for his help in DNA sequencing. This project was funded in part by National Science Foundation grants DEB-9712308 to GJS and ELS, DEB-925672 to PC, and DEB-1019972 to PC. NR 131 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 62 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD OCT PY 2013 VL 67 IS 10 BP 2823 EP 2837 DI 10.1111/evo.12169 PG 15 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 229IC UT WOS:000325255100005 PM 24094336 ER PT J AU Litman, JR Praz, CJ Danforth, BN Griswold, TL Cardinal, S AF Litman, Jessica R. Praz, Christophe J. Danforth, Bryan N. Griswold, Terry L. Cardinal, Sophie TI ORIGINS, EVOLUTION, AND DIVERSIFICATION OF CLEPTOPARASITIC LINEAGES IN LONG-TONGUED BEES SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Behavioral innovation; convergent evolution; cuckoo bees; Emery's Rule; modes of cleptoparasitism ID BROOD PARASITISM; SOCIAL PARASITISM; HYMENOPTERA; MEGACHILIDAE; PHYLOGENY; APOIDEA; BEHAVIOR; BIOLOGY; APIDAE; MITOCHONDRIAL AB The evolution of parasitic behavior may catalyze the exploitation of new ecological niches yet also binds the fate of a parasite to that of its host. It is thus not clear whether evolutionary transitions from free-living organism to parasite lead to increased or decreased rates of diversification. We explore the evolution of brood parasitism in long-tongued bees and find decreased rates of diversification in eight of 10 brood parasitic clades. We propose a pathway for the evolution of brood parasitic strategy and find that a strategy in which a closed host nest cell is parasitized and the host offspring is killed by the adult parasite represents an obligate first step in the appearance of a brood parasitic lineage; this ultimately evolves into a strategy in which an open host cell is parasitized and the host offspring is killed by a specialized larval instar. The transition to parasitizing open nest cells expanded the range of potential hosts for brood parasitic bees and played a fundamental role in the patterns of diversification seen in brood parasitic clades. We address the prevalence of brood parasitic lineages in certain families of bees and examine the evolution of brood parasitism in other groups of organisms. C1 [Litman, Jessica R.; Danforth, Bryan N.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Praz, Christophe J.] Univ Neuchatel, Inst Biol, Lab Evolutionary Entomol, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Griswold, Terry L.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Cardinal, Sophie] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Canadian Natl Collect Insects, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. RP Litman, JR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jrl72@cornell.edu FU National Science Foundation grant [DEB-0742998]; Swiss National Science Foundation [PBEZP3-122970] FX This work was supported by a National Science Foundation grant to BND and TLG (DEB-0742998, REVSYS: phylogeny and systematics of the megachilid bees) and a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation to CJP (PBEZP3-122970). We thank A. Muller and C. Sedivy for providing unpublished sequences and valuable DNA samples; L. Packer and J. Rozen for providing specimens; M. Pagel for assistance with BayesTraits; and F. Parker for helpful communication regarding Stelis behavior. We thank B. Wcislo and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that substantially improved this manuscript. We dedicate this paper to Dr. J. G. Rozen, Jr., whose careful observations of cleptoparasitic bee behavior over the last five decades laid the foundation for our study. The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 98 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD OCT PY 2013 VL 67 IS 10 BP 2982 EP 2998 DI 10.1111/evo.12161 PG 17 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 229IC UT WOS:000325255100017 PM 24094348 ER PT J AU Elias-Roman, RD Guzman-Plazola, RA Klopfenstein, NB Alvarado-Rosales, D Calderon-Zavala, G Mora-Aguilera, JA Kim, MS Garcia-Espinosa, R AF Elias-Roman, R. D. Guzman-Plazola, R. A. Klopfenstein, N. B. Alvarado-Rosales, D. Calderon-Zavala, G. Mora-Aguilera, J. A. Kim, M. -S. Garcia-Espinosa, R. TI Incidence and phylogenetic analyses of Armillaria spp. associated with root disease in peach orchards in the State of Mexico, Mexico SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL DNA-SEQUENCES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFICATION; MELLEA; TABESCENS; OSTOYAE; REGION; FUNGI AB Incidence of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] tree mortality attributed to Armillaria root disease was assessed from 2009 to 2011 in 15 orchards in the State of Mexico, Mexico. Incidence increased gradually every year of assessment, reaching average values of 9.7, 15.3 and 20.3% tree mortality and 23.2, 24.7 and 28.3% disease-impacted area of the orchards during 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. The cultivars Nemaguard' and Criollo of La Goleta', a local rootstock used in the region, were both susceptible to the disease. To identify species of Armillaria isolated from infected peach trees, two nuclear rDNA regions (partial 5.8S-ITS2-LSU D-domains and partial 3 LSU-IGS1) and the translation elongation factor-1 (tef-1) gene were sequenced and compared with sequences of known Armillaria species. DNA sequence analysis from 49 Armillaria isolates revealed that five isolates (10.2%) were Armillaria mellea and eight isolates (16.3%) were Armillaria gallica. DNA sequences from the remaining 36 isolates (73.5%) showed no close similarity to Armillaria sequences in GenBank, and apparently represent an undescribed Armillaria species. This undescribed species was the most widely distributed in the region of study. Separate phylogenetic analyses of the LSU region (D1-D3 domains concatenated with the partial 3 end) and the tef-1 region show that the undescribed species is quite distinct from other Armillaria spp. reported in North America. C1 [Elias-Roman, R. D.; Guzman-Plazola, R. A.; Alvarado-Rosales, D.; Calderon-Zavala, G.; Mora-Aguilera, J. A.; Garcia-Espinosa, R.] Colegio Postgrad, Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico. [Elias-Roman, R. D.] Fdn Salvador Sanchez Colin CICTAMEX SC, Coatepec Harinas, Estado De Mexic, Mexico. [Klopfenstein, N. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, RMRS, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Kim, M. -S.] Kookmin Univ, Seoul, South Korea. RP Klopfenstein, NB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, RMRS, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM nklopfenstein@fs.fed.us FU CONACyT (Consejo nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia); Grupo Produce Estado de Mexico; USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program, S&PF Forest Health Monitoring, and Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center FX The first author thanks CONACyT (Consejo nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia) for the scholarship that supported this study. All authors appreciate the support provided by Grupo Produce Estado de Mexico, and the USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program, S&PF Forest Health Monitoring, and Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center. We also thank Dr. Amy Ross-Davis, John W. Hanna, Lily Zelaya-Molina, Sara Ashiglar and Anna E. Case for technical assistance and reviews of earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 43 IS 5 BP 390 EP 401 DI 10.1111/efp.12043 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 232NI UT WOS:000325500300006 ER PT J AU Cid, CR Pouyat, RV AF Cid, Carmen R. Pouyat, Richard V. TI Making ecology relevant to decision making: the human-centered, place-based approach SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article C1 [Cid, Carmen R.] Quinebaug Valley Community Coll, Danielson, CT USA. [Pouyat, Richard V.] US Forest Serv, Res & Dev, Rosslyn, VA USA. RP Cid, CR (reprint author), Quinebaug Valley Community Coll, Danielson, CT USA. EM ccid@qvcc.commnet.edu; rpouyat@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 11 IS 8 BP 447 EP 448 DI 10.1890/1540-9295-11.8.447 PG 2 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 227XH UT WOS:000325148500010 ER PT J AU Regulski, M Lu, ZY Kendall, J Donoghue, MTA Reinders, J Llaca, V Deschamps, S Smith, A Levy, D McCombie, WR Tingey, S Rafalski, A Hicks, J Ware, D Martienssen, RA AF Regulski, Michael Lu, Zhenyuan Kendall, Jude Donoghue, Mark T. A. Reinders, Jon Llaca, Victor Deschamps, Stephane Smith, Andrew Levy, Dan McCombie, W. Richard Tingey, Scott Rafalski, Antoni Hicks, James Ware, Doreen Martienssen, Robert A. TI The maize methylome influences mRNA splice sites and reveals widespread paramutation-like switches guided by small RNA SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA METHYLATION; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS; GENOME; PLANTS; POLYMERASE; SEQ; TRANSCRIPTOMES; POPULATION AB The maize genome, with its large complement of transposons and repeats, is a paradigm for the study of epigenetic mechanisms such as paramutation and imprinting. Here, we present the genome-wide map of cytosine methylation for two maize inbred lines, B73 and Mo17. CG (65%) and CHG (50%) methylation (where H = A, C, or T) is highest in transposons, while CHH (5%) methylation is likely guided by 24-nt, but not 21-nt, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Correlations with methylation patterns suggest that CG methylation in exons (8%) may deter insertion of Mutator transposon insertion, while CHG methylation at splice acceptor sites may inhibit RNA splicing. Using the methylation map as a guide, we used low-coverage sequencing to show that parental methylation differences are inherited by recombinant inbred lines. However, frequent methylation switches, guided by siRNA, persist for up to eight generations, suggesting that epigenetic inheritance resembling paramutation is much more common than previously supposed. The methylation map will provide an invaluable resource for epigenetic studies in maize. C1 [Regulski, Michael; Lu, Zhenyuan; Kendall, Jude; Donoghue, Mark T. A.; Levy, Dan; McCombie, W. Richard; Hicks, James; Ware, Doreen; Martienssen, Robert A.] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Reinders, Jon; Llaca, Victor; Deschamps, Stephane; Tingey, Scott; Rafalski, Antoni] DuPont Crop Genet Res, Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. [Smith, Andrew] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS NAA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Martienssen, RA (reprint author), Cold Spring Harbor Lab, POB 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. EM martiens@cshl.edu RI Smith, Andrew/G-4104-2013; OI Smith, Andrew/0000-0002-3337-1970; McCombie, W. Richard/0000-0003-1899-0682 FU Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory/Pioneer-Dupont Research Collaboration; Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture FX We thank Emily Hodges and Asya Stepansky for help with bisulfite sequencing protocols, Andrew Olson for help with expression profiling analyses, and Elena Ghiban and other members of the Genome Center for help with Illumina sequencing. We also thank Shiran Pasternak, Peter Bommert, and Pavel Regulski for help with graphic design and figure development. This work was supported by the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory/Pioneer-Dupont Research Collaboration and the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. R. A. M. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator in Plant Biology. NR 51 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 2 U2 37 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 EI 1549-5469 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 23 IS 10 BP 1651 EP 1662 DI 10.1101/gr.153510.112 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 228QQ UT WOS:000325202100008 PM 23739895 ER PT J AU Ye, QY Wang, XD Wang, Q Xia, M Zhu, YN Lian, FZ Ling, WH AF Ye, Qinyuan Wang, Xiangdong Wang, Qing Xia, Min Zhu, Yanna Lian, Fuzhi Ling, Wenhua TI Cytochrome P4502E1 inhibitor, chlormethiazole, decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in rat Kupffer cells with ethanol treatment SO HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alcoholic liver disease; chlormethiazole; Cytochrome P4502E1; Kupffer cell; lipopolysaccharide; nuclear factor-B ID ALCOHOLIC LIVER-DISEASE; TNF-ALPHA GENERATION; NF-KAPPA-B; OXIDATIVE STRESS; THERAPEUTIC TARGETS; ACTIVATION; CYP2E1; INJURY; 2E1; ENDOTOXIN AB AimTo investigate the role of Cytochrome P4502E1 in sensitizing Kupffer cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation after ethanol induction. MethodsSprague-Dawley rats were fed a liquid ethanol diet, control diet or ethanol diet supplemented with CYP2E1 inhibitor, chlormethiazole (CMZ), for 4weeks. Hepatic CYP2E1 protein, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) p65 protein and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- mRNA were measured. In vitro, isolated Kupffer cells from control rats were exposed to ethanol with different CMZ concentration; CYP2E1 expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were compared. The identified CMZ concentration was further utilized to evaluate the role of CYP2E1 on the sensitization of ethanol-induced Kupffer cell to LPS. The effect of LPS alone was tested in controlled Kupffer cells without ethanol. TNF-, nuclear NF-B p65 and cytoplasm IB- were monitored for all groups. ResultsEthanol feeding increased hepatic CYP2E1 level, nuclear accumulation of NF-B p65 and TNF- expression in rats. These changes were inhibited by CMZ supplementation. In cultured Kupffer cells, increased CYP2E1 content and ROS production by in vitro ethanol induction were dose-dependently inhibited by CMZ. Compared with LPS alone, the ethanol induction group produced significantly more TNF-, nuclear NF-B p65 and less cytoplasm IB- under LPS stimuli. CMZ abolished the effects of ethanol on LPS-stimulated NF-B translocation and TNF- generation in Kupffer cells. ConclusionIn cultured Kupffer cell, using CMZ as inhibitor, ethanol-induced CYP2E1 overexpression was proved to contribute to the sensitization of Kupffer cells to LPS stimuli, with amplification of ROS production and activation of NF-B, resulting in increased TNF- production. C1 [Ye, Qinyuan; Wang, Qing; Xia, Min; Zhu, Yanna; Ling, Wenhua] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Ye, Qinyuan; Wang, Xiangdong; Lian, Fuzhi] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ling, WH (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Northern Campus, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM lingwh@mail.sysu.edu.cn RI Lian, Fuzhi/F-9083-2015 OI Lian, Fuzhi/0000-0002-0733-579X FU National Key Basic Research Project (973 project) [2012CB517506] FX THIS WORK WAS supported by the National Key Basic Research Project (973 project) 2012CB517506. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1386-6346 J9 HEPATOL RES JI Hepatol. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1115 EP 1123 DI 10.1111/hepr.12063 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 229JV UT WOS:000325260400013 PM 23421770 ER PT J AU McLain, R Poe, M Biedenweg, K Cerveny, L Besser, D Blahna, D AF McLain, Rebecca Poe, Melissa Biedenweg, Kelly Cerveny, Lee Besser, Diane Blahna, Dale TI Making Sense of Human Ecology Mapping: An Overview of Approaches to Integrating Socio-Spatial Data into Environmental Planning SO HUMAN ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human ecology mapping; Ecosystem-based planning; Socioecological systems; Landscape values mapping ID NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; NATIONAL FOREST; LOCAL KNOWLEDGE; SCIENTIFIC-KNOWLEDGE; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; PARTICIPATORY GIS; LANDSCAPE VALUES; INDIGENOUS LANDS; PROTECTED AREAS; 1ST NATIONS AB Ecosystem-based planning and management have stimulated the need to gather sociocultural values and human uses of land in formats accessible to diverse planners and researchers. Human Ecology Mapping (HEM) approaches offer promising spatial data gathering and analytical tools, while also addressing important questions about human-landscape connections. This article reviews and compares the characteristics of three HEM approaches that are increasingly used in natural resource management contexts, each focused on a particular aspect of human-environmental interactions. These aspects include tenure and resource use (TRU), local ecological knowledge (LEK), and sense of place (SOP). We discuss their origins, provide examples of their use, and identify challenges to their application. Our review serves as a guide for environmental managers, planners, and communities interested in gathering spatial data on aspects of human ecology important in ecosystem-based management and planning, and for scientists designing socioecological research. C1 [McLain, Rebecca; Besser, Diane] Inst Culture & Ecol, Portland, OR USA. [Poe, Melissa] Northwest Sustainabil Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Biedenweg, Kelly] Puget Sound Inst, Tacoma, WA USA. [Cerveny, Lee; Blahna, Dale] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. RP McLain, R (reprint author), Inst Culture & Ecol, Portland, OR USA. EM mclain@ifcae.org NR 90 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 8 U2 74 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0300-7839 J9 HUM ECOL JI Hum. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 BP 651 EP 665 DI 10.1007/s10745-013-9573-0 PG 15 WC Anthropology; Environmental Studies; Sociology SC Anthropology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Sociology GA 229KL UT WOS:000325262500001 ER PT J AU Bagchi, S Briske, DD Bestelmeyer, BT Wu, XB AF Bagchi, Sumanta Briske, David D. Bestelmeyer, Brandon T. Wu, X. Ben TI Assessing resilience and state-transition models with historical records of cheatgrass Bromus tectorum invasion in North American sagebrush-steppe SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Artemisia; community transitions; dynamic regime; ecological resilience; ecosystem management; invasive species; rangelands; resilience-based management; thresholds ID GREAT-BASIN; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS; FIRE; RESTORATION; MANAGEMENT; THRESHOLDS; RANGELANDS; RESPONSES AB 1. Resilience-based approaches are increasingly being called upon to inform ecosystem management, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. This requires management frameworks that can assess ecosystem dynamics, both within and between alternative states, at relevant time scales. 2. We analysed long-term vegetation records from two representative sites in the North American sagebrush-steppe ecosystem, spanning nine decades, to determine if empirical patterns were consistent with resilience theory, and to determine if cheatgrass Bromus tectorum invasion led to thresholds as currently envisioned by expert-based state-and-transition models (STM). These data span the entire history of cheatgrass invasion at these sites and provide a unique opportunity to assess the impacts of biotic invasion on ecosystem resilience. 3. We used univariate and multivariate statistical tools to identify unique plant communities and document the magnitude, frequency and directionality of community transitions through time. Community transitions were characterized by 37-47% dissimilarity in species composition, they were not evenly distributed through time, their frequency was not correlated with precipitation, and they could not be readily attributed to fire or grazing. Instead, at both sites, the majority of community transitions occurred within an 8-10year period of increasing cheatgrass density, became infrequent after cheatgrass density peaked, and thereafter transition frequency declined. 4. Greater cheatgrass density, replacement of native species and indication of asymmetry in community transitions suggest that thresholds may have been exceeded in response to cheatgrass invasion at one site (more arid), but not at the other site (less arid). Asymmetry in the direction of community transitions also identified communities that were at-risk' of cheatgrass invasion, as well as potential restoration pathways for recovery of pre-invasion states. 5. Synthesis and applications. These results illustrate the complexities associated with threshold identification, and indicate that criteria describing the frequency, magnitude, directionality and temporal scale of community transitions may provide greater insight into resilience theory and its application for ecosystem management. These criteria are likely to vary across biogeographic regions that are susceptible to cheatgrass invasion, and necessitate more in-depth assessments of thresholds and alternative states, than currently available. C1 [Bagchi, Sumanta; Briske, David D.; Wu, X. Ben] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Bagchi, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Ecol Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM sbagchi@ces.iisc.ernet.in RI Wu, X. Ben/E-3772-2010 OI Wu, X. Ben/0000-0001-5947-3118 FU USDA CSREES [2007-38415-18637] FX We are indebted to the visionary researchers who established the permanent plots at USSES and INEEL, monitored them, and painstakingly created these long-term data sets over nine decades. We are grateful to Peter B. Adler for compiling the different data files from USSES and providing the information to us. We are grateful to Roger D. Blew and Amy D. Forman for providing the information on INEEL. Discussions with Peter B. Adler, Roger D. Blew, Amy D. Forman, Thomas A. Monaco and Jayanti Ray-Mukherjee helped in preparing the manuscript. This research was supported in part by USDA CSREES grant 2007-38415-18637. Critiques by anonymous reviewers and the editors greatly improved earlier drafts. The authors do not have any conflict of interest. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 98 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1131 EP 1141 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12128 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 227AP UT WOS:000325079800006 ER PT J AU Camus, A Berliner, A Clauss, T Hatcher, N Marancik, D AF Camus, A. Berliner, A. Clauss, T. Hatcher, N. Marancik, D. TI Serratia marcescens associated ampullary system infection and septicaemia in a bonnethead shark, Sphyrna tiburo (L.) SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE cellulitis; septicaemia; Serratia marcescens; shark ID CARIBBEAN ELKHORN CORAL; ACROPORA-PALMATA; WHITE POX; PATHOGEN; LIQUEFACIENS; DISEASE C1 [Camus, A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Berliner, A.] Memphis Zoo, Memphis, TN USA. [Clauss, T.; Hatcher, N.] Georgia Aquarium Inc, Dept Vet Serv & Conservat Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marancik, D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Camus, A (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, 501 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM camus@uga.edu NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 36 IS 10 BP 891 EP 895 DI 10.1111/jfd.12107 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 224VJ UT WOS:000324918400009 PM 23534484 ER PT J AU Fuerst, EP Morris, CF Dasgupta, N McLean, DJ AF Fuerst, E. Patrick Morris, Craig F. Dasgupta, Nairanjana McLean, Derek J. TI Optimizing Experimental Design Using the House Mouse (Mus musculus L.) as a Model for Determining Grain Feeding Preferences SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE experimental efficiency; feeding preferences; grain; house mouse; wheat ID MOLECULAR-GENETICS; HARD WHITE; WHEAT; PUROINDOLINES; RED; BEHAVIOR; BREADS; GENES AB There is little research evaluating flavor preferences among wheat varieties. We previously demonstrated that mice exert very strong preferences when given binary mixtures of wheat varieties. We plan to utilize mice to identify wheat genes associated with flavor, and then relate this back to human preferences. Here we explore the effects of experimental design including the number of days (from 1 to 4) and number of mice (from 2 to 15) in order to identify designs that provide significant statistical inferences while minimizing requirements for labor and animals. When mice expressed a significant preference between 2 wheat varieties, increasing the number of days (for a given number of mice) increased the significance level (decreased P-values) for their preference, as expected, but with diminishing benefit as more days were added. However, increasing the number of mice (for a given number of days) provided a more dramatic log-linear decrease in P-values and thus increased statistical power. In conclusion, when evaluating mouse feeding preferences in binary mixtures of grain, an efficient experimental design would emphasize fewer days rather than fewer animals thus shortening the experiment duration and reducing the overall requirement for labor and animals. Practical Application We are developing a mouse model for flavor differences of grain among different wheat varieties. C1 [Fuerst, E. Patrick] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dasgupta, Nairanjana] Washington State Univ, Dept Math, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McLean, Derek J.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McLean, Derek J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 78 IS 10 BP S1614 EP S1620 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12245 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 232HA UT WOS:000325482200019 PM 24024951 ER PT J AU Midgley, TL Fox, GA Wilson, GV Heeren, DM Langendoen, EJ Simon, A AF Midgley, T. L. Fox, G. A. Wilson, G. V. Heeren, D. M. Langendoen, E. J. Simon, A. TI Seepage-Induced Streambank Erosion and Instability: In Situ Constant-Head Experiments SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Seepage; River bank erosion; Subsurface flow; Experimentation; Seepage erosion; Streambank erosion; Streambank failure; Streambank stability; Subsurface flow; Surface; groundwater interaction ID SUBSURFACE FLOW; SEDIMENT LOADS; FAILURE; RIVER; MANAGEMENT; STABILITY; HILLSLOPE; MODEL AB The effects of seepage on streambank erosion and failure are less understood compared to fluvial processes, especially the linkage between surface water and groundwater mechanisms. Field data are needed to validate laboratory seepage erosion and instability conclusions and to understand how engineering tools and methods may be applied to field conditions. An innovative trench injection system was utilized to provide a constant head on a near-streambank groundwater system when filled with stream water. This research was performed on a streambank of Dry Creek, a deeply incised stream with near-vertical banks located in Mississippi. Experiments included installing a trench (2.8m from the bank and 2m below ground surface) and a network of tensiometers and observation wells to measure soil-water pressures and water table elevations. Bank stratigraphy consisted of a sloping, conductive loamy sand layer between cohesive streambank layers. Groundwater conditions were monitored during a series of induced-seepage experiments. The bank face was outfitted with a seepage collection device to measure seep flow rates and sediment concentrations. Seepage flow rates (as high as 0.4L/min) and corresponding erosion rates (as high as 0.86kg/min) were proportional to estimated hydraulic gradients in the near-streambank region and followed an excess flow rate equation. However, flow paths and hydraulic gradients were largely nonuniform due to local variability in streambank stratigraphy, suggesting difficulty when attempting to apply engineering analyses of bank erosion and stability for seepage processes without accounting for this heterogeneity. Seepage flow and erosion became restricted when small-scale bank failures due to undercutting blocked flow pathways and limited particle mobilization, termed temporary self-healing. Seepage erosion was shown to be an important mechanism of streambank failure, especially when acting in concert with fluvial erosion processes that prevent permanent self-healing of seeps. C1 [Midgley, T. L.; Fox, G. A.; Heeren, D. M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Wilson, G. V.; Langendoen, E. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Heeren, D. M.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Simon, A.] Cardoentrix, Portland, OR 97221 USA. RP Fox, GA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, 120 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM taber.midgley@okstate.edu; garey.fox@okstate.edu; glenn.wilson@ars.usda.gov; Derek.heeren@okstate.edu; eddy.langendoen@ars.usda.gov; andrew.simon@cardno.com OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0943491] FX The authors wish to thank the technical support personnel (Mick Ursic, Don Seale, Alan Hudsped, Allen Gregory, and Brian Bell) at the National Sedimentation Laboratory in Oxford, Mississippi for assistance with instrumentation and data collection for this project. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. 0943491. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 34 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 18 IS 10 BP 1200 EP 1210 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000685 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 218XT UT WOS:000324466700003 ER PT J AU Malik, VS AF Malik, Vedpal Singh TI Use of genome editing technologies for improving castor bean and guar SO JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Malik, VS (reprint author), USDA, 4700 River Rd, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. EM vedpalms@yahoo.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0971-7811 J9 J PLANT BIOCHEM BIOT JI J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 357 EP 358 DI 10.1007/s13562-013-0223-9 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 230TI UT WOS:000325365400001 ER PT J AU Stanhope, K Bremer, A Medici, V Keim, N Havel, P AF Stanhope, Kimber Bremer, Andrew Medici, Valentina Keim, Nancy Havel, Peter TI Compared With Aspartame, Consumption of High Fructose Corn Syrup- and Sucrose-sweetened Beverages Increases Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Non-HDL cholesterol, Apolipoprotein-B, and Uric Acid in Young Men and Women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stanhope, Kimber; Bremer, Andrew; Keim, Nancy] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Medici, Valentina] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Havel, Peter] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 24 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 22 IS 10 BP 898 EP 899 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 227TD UT WOS:000325136500081 ER PT J AU Gustafson, EJ AF Gustafson, Eric J. TI When relationships estimated in the past cannot be used to predict the future: using mechanistic models to predict landscape ecological dynamics in a changing world SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Landscape modeling; Forests; Disturbances; Climate change; Global changes; Mechanistic modeling; Empirical modeling; Phenomenological modeling ID ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; FOREST SUCCESSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VARIABILITY; BIOMASS; GROWTH; LANDIS; RANGE; USA AB Researchers and natural resource managers need predictions of how multiple global changes (e.g., climate change, rising levels of air pollutants, exotic invasions) will affect landscape composition and ecosystem function. Ecological predictive models used for this purpose are constructed using either a mechanistic (process-based) or a phenomenological (empirical) approach, or combination. Given the accelerating pace of global changes, it is becoming increasingly difficult to trust future projections made by phenomenological models estimated under past conditions. Using forest landscape models as an example, I review current modeling approaches and propose principles for developing the next generation of landscape models. First, modelers should increase the use of mechanistic components based on appropriately scaled "first principles" even though such an approach is not without cost and limitations. Second, the interaction of processes within a model should be designed to minimize a priori constraints on process interactions and mimic how interactions play out in real life. Third, when a model is expected to make accurate projections of future system states it must include all of the major ecological processes that structure the system. A completely mechanistic approach to the molecular level is not tractable or desirable at landscape scales. I submit that the best solution is to blend mechanistic and phenomenological approaches in a way that maximizes the use of mechanisms where novel driver conditions are expected while keeping the model tractable. There may be other ways. I challenge landscape ecosystem modelers to seek new ways to make their models more robust to the multiple global changes occurring today. C1 US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, USDA, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Gustafson, EJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, USDA, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM egustafson@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1429 EP 1437 DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9927-4 PG 9 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 226ZI UT WOS:000325076100001 ER PT J AU Opdam, P Nassauer, JI Wang, ZF Albert, C Bentrup, G Castella, JC McAlpine, C Liu, JG Sheppard, S Swaffield, S AF Opdam, Paul Nassauer, Joan Iverson Wang, Zhifang Albert, Christian Bentrup, Gary Castella, Jean-Christophe McAlpine, Clive Liu, Jianguo Sheppard, Stephen Swaffield, Simon TI Science for action at the local landscape scale SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Community-based landscape planning; Cross-disciplinary synthesis; Capacity building; Science-practice interface; Sustainability; Transdisciplinary science ID NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; SUSTAINABILITY; CONSERVATION; DESIGN; POLICY; MODEL; INDICATORS; CHALLENGES AB For landscape ecology to produce knowledge relevant to society, it must include considerations of human culture and behavior, extending beyond the natural sciences to synthesize with many other disciplines. Furthermore, it needs to be able to support landscape change processes which increasingly take the shape of deliberative and collaborative decision making by local stakeholder groups. Landscape ecology as described by Wu (Landscape Ecol 28:1-11, 2013) therefore needs three additional topics of investigation: (1) the local landscape as a boundary object that builds communication among disciplines and between science and local communities, (2) iterative and collaborative methods for generating transdisciplinary approaches to sustainable change, and (3) the effect of scientific knowledge and tools on local landscape policy and landscape change. Collectively, these topics could empower landscape ecology to be a science for action at the local scale. C1 [Opdam, Paul] Wageningen Univ, Alterra & Land Use Planning Grp, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Nassauer, Joan Iverson] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wang, Zhifang] Beijing Univ, Coll Architecture & Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Albert, Christian] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Environm Planning, D-30419 Hannover, Germany. [Albert, Christian] UFZ, Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Environm Polit, Leipzig, Germany. [Bentrup, Gary] USDA, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Castella, Jean-Christophe] IRD, UMR GRED 220, Viangchan, Laos. [Castella, Jean-Christophe] Ctr Int Forestry Res CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia. [McAlpine, Clive] Univ Queensland, Sch Geog Planning & Environm Management, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Liu, Jianguo] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Liu, Jianguo] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Sheppard, Stephen] Univ British Columbia, CALP, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Swaffield, Simon] Lincoln Univ, Sch Landscape Architecture, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Opdam, P (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Alterra & Land Use Planning Grp, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. EM paul.opdam@wur.nl RI Albert, Christian/A-1604-2012; Liu, Jianguo/G-5211-2015; Castella, Jean-Christophe/A-7419-2008 OI Albert, Christian/0000-0002-2591-4779; Liu, Jianguo/0000-0001-6344-0087; Castella, Jean-Christophe/0000-0003-3532-0728 FU NSF [DBI-1052875] FX This paper is based on a symposium organized at the IALE World Congress of Landscape Ecology, Beijing, China, August 2011. This work was supported in part by a Grant to J. Nassauer from the NSF (# DBI-1052875 to the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center). NR 57 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 11 U2 99 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1439 EP 1445 DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9925-6 PG 7 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 226ZI UT WOS:000325076100002 ER PT J AU Hoffman, FM Kumar, J Mills, RT Hargrove, WW AF Hoffman, Forrest M. Kumar, Jitendra Mills, Richard T. Hargrove, William W. TI Representativeness-based sampling network design for the State of Alaska SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ecoregions; Representativeness; Network design; Cluster analysis; Alaska; Permafrost ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN ALASKA; ECOREGIONS; DELINEATION; REGIONS AB Resource and logistical constraints limit the frequency and extent of environmental observations, particularly in the Arctic, necessitating the development of a systematic sampling strategy to maximize coverage and objectively represent environmental variability at desired scales. A quantitative methodology for stratifying sampling domains, informing site selection, and determining the representativeness of measurement sites and networks is described here. Multivariate spatiotemporal clustering was applied to down-scaled general circulation model results and data for the State of Alaska at 4 km(2) resolution to define multiple sets of ecoregions across two decadal time periods. Maps of ecoregions for the present (2000-2009) and future (2090-2099) were produced, showing how combinations of 37 characteristics are distributed and how they may shift in the future. Representative sampling locations are identified on present and future ecoregion maps. A representativeness metric was developed, and representativeness maps for eight candidate sampling locations were produced. This metric was used to characterize the environmental similarity of each site. This analysis provides model-inspired insights into optimal sampling strategies, offers a framework for up-scaling measurements, and provides a down-scaling approach for integration of models and measurements. These techniques can be applied at different spatial and temporal scales to meet the needs of individual measurement campaigns. C1 [Hoffman, Forrest M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CCSI, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hoffman, Forrest M.; Kumar, Jitendra; Mills, Richard T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, CCSI, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hargrove, William W.] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC USA. RP Hoffman, FM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CCSI, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM forrest@climatemodeling.org; jkumar@climatemodeling.org; rmills@ornl.gov; hnw@geobabble.org RI Kumar, Jitendra/G-8601-2013; Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012 OI Kumar, Jitendra/0000-0002-0159-0546; Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134 FU Climate and Environmental Sciences Division (CESD) of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center (EFETAC); Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was partially sponsored by the Climate and Environmental Sciences Division (CESD) of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. Additional support was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center (EFETAC). The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) project is supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. This research used resources of the Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1567 EP 1586 DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9902-0 PG 20 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 226ZI UT WOS:000325076100011 ER PT J AU Pulido-Landinez, M Sanchez-Ingunza, R Guard, J do Nascimento, VP AF Pulido-Landinez, M. Sanchez-Ingunza, R. Guard, J. Pinheiro do Nascimento, V. TI Assignment of serotype to Salmonella enterica isolates obtained from poultry and their environment in southern Brazil SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; food safety; genotype; poultry; Salmonella enterica; serotype ID ENTERITIDIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SAMPLES; PCR AB To assess diversity of Salmonella enterica serotypes present in poultry and their environment from southern Brazil, the Kauffmann-White-Le Minor (KWL) scheme was used to serotype a total of 155 isolates. Isolates were then re-examined with nested PCR and sequencing of the dkgB-linked intergenic sequence ribotyping (ISR) region that assesses single nucleotide polymorphisms occurring around a 5S ribosomal gene. Serotypes identified were Heidelberg (406%), Enteritidis (342%), Hadar (84%), Typhimurium (39%), Gallinarum (32%), Agona (13%), Cerro (13%), Livingstone (13%), Infantis (06%), Isangi (06%), Mbandaka (06%), Montevideo (06%) and Senftenberg (06%). Three unique ISRs were detected from four strains. Day old chicks yielded only S.Enteritidis, whereas S.Heidelberg was most often associated with poultry carcasses. Overall agreement between KWL and ISR was 852%, with disagreement possibly due to the ability of ISR to detect mixtures of serotypes in culture. Overall, ISR provided more information than did KWL about the ecology of Salm.enterica on-farm. The O-antigen group D Salm.enterica serovars such as Pullorum, Gallinarum and Enteritidis appear susceptible to overgrowth by other serotypes. C1 [Pulido-Landinez, M.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Coll Vet Med, Avian Pathol Lab, Bogota, Colombia. [Pulido-Landinez, M.; Pinheiro do Nascimento, V.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Coll Vet Med, Avian Diagnost & Res Ctr, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Sanchez-Ingunza, R.; Guard, J.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Guard, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jean.guard@ars.usda.gov RI Nascimento, Vladimir/G-5593-2012; OI Pinheiro do Nascimento, Vladimir/0000-0002-7720-3274 FU Colombian Veterinary Poultry Association (AMEVEA); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) from Brazil; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA, ARS) FX This research was supported by the Colombian Veterinary Poultry Association (AMEVEA), the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) from Brazil and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA, ARS). Special thanks are made to Tod Stewart (USDA) for technical assistance and professor Nhora Martinez (National University of Colombia) for the assistance in statistical analyses. Authors have no conflict of interest to declare, financial or otherwise. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 EI 1472-765X J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 57 IS 4 BP 288 EP 294 DI 10.1111/lam.12110 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 226KM UT WOS:000325034500005 PM 23734786 ER PT J AU McDowell, NG Ryan, MG Zeppel, MJB Tissue, DT AF McDowell, Nate G. Ryan, Michael G. Zeppel, Melanie J. B. Tissue, David T. TI Improving our knowledge of drought-induced forest mortality through experiments, observations, and modeling SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE carbon dioxide; die-off; simulation; temperature; vapor pressure deficit ID INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; CARBON ALLOCATION; HEIGHT; DYNAMICS; GROWTH; VEGETATION; RESPONSES; STORAGE; SIZE C1 [McDowell, Nate G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Zeppel, Melanie J. B.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Tissue, David T.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia. RP McDowell, NG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mcdowell@lanl.gov RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 NR 71 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 5 U2 141 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 200 IS 2 SI SI BP 289 EP 293 DI 10.1111/nph.12502 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 220XV UT WOS:000324621600001 PM 24050629 ER PT J AU McDowell, NG Fisher, RA Xu, CG Domec, JC Holtta, T Mackay, DS Sperry, JS Boutz, A Dickman, L Gehres, N Limousin, JM Macalady, A Martinez-Vilalta, J Mencuccini, M Plaut, JA Ogee, J Pangle, RE Rasse, DP Ryan, MG Sevanto, S Waring, RH Williams, AP Yepez, EA Pockman, WT AF McDowell, Nate G. Fisher, Rosie A. Xu, Chonggang Domec, J. C. Holtta, Teemu Mackay, D. Scott Sperry, John S. Boutz, Amanda Dickman, Lee Gehres, Nathan Limousin, Jean Marc Macalady, Alison Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi Mencuccini, Maurizio Plaut, Jennifer A. Ogee, Jerome Pangle, Robert E. Rasse, Daniel P. Ryan, Michael G. Sevanto, Sanna Waring, Richard H. Williams, A. Park Yepez, Enrico A. Pockman, William T. TI Evaluating theories of drought-induced vegetation mortality using a multimodel-experiment framework SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE carbon starvation; cavitation; die-off; dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs); hydraulic failure; photosynthesis; process-based models ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLAND; TEMPERATE FOREST TREES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GLOBAL-CHANGE; DIE-OFF; PONDEROSA PINE; PLANT-GROWTH AB Model-data comparisons of plant physiological processes provide an understanding of mechanisms underlying vegetation responses to climate. We simulated the physiology of a pinon pine-juniper woodland (Pinus edulis-Juniperus monosperma) that experienced mortality during a 5yr precipitation-reduction experiment, allowing a framework with which to examine our knowledge of drought-induced tree mortality. We used six models designed for scales ranging from individual plants to a global level, all containing state-of-the-art representations of the internal hydraulic and carbohydrate dynamics of woody plants. Despite the large range of model structures, tuning, and parameterization employed, all simulations predicted hydraulic failure and carbon starvation processes co-occurring in dying trees of both species, with the time spent with severe hydraulic failure and carbon starvation, rather than absolute thresholds per se, being a better predictor of impending mortality. Model and empirical data suggest that limited carbon and water exchanges at stomatal, phloem, and below-ground interfaces were associated with mortality of both species. The model-data comparison suggests that the introduction of a mechanistic process into physiology-based models provides equal or improved predictive power over traditional process-model or empirical thresholds. Both biophysical and empirical modeling approaches are useful in understanding processes, particularly when the models fail, because they reveal mechanisms that are likely to underlie mortality. We suggest that for some ecosystems, integration of mechanistic pathogen models into current vegetation models, and evaluation against observations, could result in a breakthrough capability to simulate vegetation dynamics. C1 [McDowell, Nate G.; Xu, Chonggang; Dickman, Lee; Sevanto, Sanna; Williams, A. Park] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fisher, Rosie A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Domec, J. C.] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sci Agro, UMR INRA TCEM 1220, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Domec, J. C.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Holtta, Teemu] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Mackay, D. Scott] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. [Sperry, John S.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Boutz, Amanda; Gehres, Nathan; Limousin, Jean Marc; Plaut, Jennifer A.; Pangle, Robert E.; Pockman, William T.] 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Macalady, Alison] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Macalady, Alison] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi] CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain. [Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain. [Mencuccini, Maurizio] CREAF, ICREA, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain. [Mencuccini, Maurizio] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland. [Ogee, Jerome] INRA, EPHYSE UR1263, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Rasse, Daniel P.] Bioforsk Norwegian Inst Agr & Environm Res, As, Norway. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Waring, Richard H.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Yepez, Enrico A.] Inst Tecnol Sonora, Dept Ciencias Agua & Medio Ambiente, Obregon 85000, Sonora, Mexico. RP McDowell, NG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mcdowell@lanl.gov RI Mencuccini, Maurizio/B-9052-2011; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi/D-3385-2014; Pockman, William/D-4086-2014; Waring, Richared/C-4796-2014; Young, Kristina/M-3069-2014; Ogee, Jerome/C-7185-2013; Dickman, Lee/J-2391-2015; Williams, Park/B-8214-2016; Mackay, Scott/J-7569-2012; Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008; Yepez, Enrico/C-2802-2014; OI Mencuccini, Maurizio/0000-0003-0840-1477; Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi/0000-0002-2332-7298; Pockman, William/0000-0002-3286-0457; Waring, Richared/0000-0003-2533-3664; Dickman, Lee/0000-0003-3876-7058; Williams, Park/0000-0001-8176-8166; Daniel, Rasse/0000-0002-5977-3863; Mackay, Scott/0000-0003-0477-9755; Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738; Xu, Chonggang/0000-0002-0937-5744 FU New Phytologist Trust and Trustees; Department of Energy-Office of Science; LANL-LDRD FX We thank the New Phytologist Trust and Trustees for funding in support of the workshop 'A multi-scale model investigation of the mechanisms of drought-induced vegetation mortality' held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, in November 2011. Additional support was provided by the Department of Energy-Office of Science, and LANL-LDRD. NR 118 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 13 U2 235 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 200 IS 2 SI SI BP 304 EP 321 DI 10.1111/nph.12465 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 220XV UT WOS:000324621600005 PM 24004027 ER PT J AU Clifford, MJ Royer, PD Cobb, NS Breshears, DD Ford, PL AF Clifford, Michael J. Royer, Patrick D. Cobb, Neil S. Breshears, David D. Ford, Paulette L. TI Precipitation thresholds and drought-induced tree die-off: insights from patterns of Pinus edulis mortality along an environmental stress gradient SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE climate change; die-off; drought; mortality; Pinus edulis; pinyon pine; pinyon-juniper woodlands; threshold ID PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLE; FOREST DISTURBANCE; DETECTING TRENDS; CLIMATE; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS; COVER; TEMPERATURE AB Recent regional tree die-off events appear to have been triggered by a combination of drought and heat - referred to as global-change-type drought'. To complement experiments focused on resolving mechanisms of drought-induced tree mortality, an evaluation of how patterns of tree die-off relate to highly spatially variable precipitation is needed. Here, we explore precipitation relationships with a die-off event of pinyon pine (Pinus edulis Engelm.) in southwestern North America during the 2002-2003 global-change-type drought. Pinyon die-off and its relationship with precipitation was quantified spatially along a precipitation gradient in north-central New Mexico with standard field plot measurements of die-off combined with canopy cover derived from normalized burn ratio (NBR) from Landsat imagery. Pinyon die-off patterns revealed threshold responses to precipitation (cumulative 2002-2003) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD), with little to no mortality (<10%) above 600mm and below warm season VPD of c. 1.7kPa. [Correction added after online publication 17 June 2013; in the preceding sentence, the word below' has been inserted.] Our results refine how precipitation patterns within a region influence pinyon die-off, revealing a precipitation and VPD threshold for tree mortality and its uncertainty band where other factors probably come into play - a response type that influences stand demography and landscape heterogeneity and is of general interest, yet has not been documented. C1 [Clifford, Michael J.] Lehigh Univ, Earth & Environm Sci Dept, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Royer, Patrick D.] Columbia Basin Groundwater Management Area, Kennewick, WA 99366 USA. [Royer, Patrick D.] Intera Geosci & Engn, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Cobb, Neil S.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ford, Paulette L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Clifford, MJ (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Earth & Environm Sci Dept, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM mjc709@lehigh.edu FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0724958, DEB-0443526]; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Middle Rio Grande Ecosystem Management Unit FX We thank J. Delph, J. Dorland, G. Lung, S. Clanton, and J. Higgins for their help in the field. R. Delph helped to establish some field sites and methods. W. Peterman provided helpful advice on soil-die-off relationships. Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (EAR-0724958, DEB-0443526) and USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Middle Rio Grande Ecosystem Management Unit. The manuscript benefited from the thoughtful reviews of M. Zeppel and three anonymous reviewers. NR 61 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 8 U2 91 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 200 IS 2 SI SI BP 413 EP 421 DI 10.1111/nph.12362 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 220XV UT WOS:000324621600014 PM 23772860 ER PT J AU Baamrane, MAA Znari, M Loggers, C El Mercht, S Naimi, M AF Baamrane, Moulay Abdeljalil Ait Znari, Mohammed Loggers, Chris El Mercht, Said Naimi, Mohamed TI Demographic decline of the last surviving Moroccan dorcas gazelles Gazella dorcas massaesyla in M'Sabih Talaa Reserve, Morocco SO ORYX LA English DT Article DE Antelope; distance sampling; Moroccan dorcas gazelle; Gazella dorcas massaesyla; line transects; Morocco; population estimate ID ESTIMATING ANIMAL ABUNDANCE; POPULATION-SIZE; LINE TRANSECT; DESERT; DEER; ARTIODACTYLA; CONSERVATION; DENSITY AB The formerly widespread but now Vulnerable dorcas gazelle Gazella dorcas has declined markedly during the last 2 decades. The semi-captive population in M'Sabih Talaa Reserve, west-central Morocco, is genetically distinct and may be the last remnant of the Moroccan dorcas gazelle G. dorcas massaesyla. The last estimate of the size of this population was c. 200, in 1996. To assess the current population we used line-transect distance sampling to survey this population over five seasons from April 2008 to August 2009. The estimated population declined from 113 to 87 individuals from April to November 2008, increased to 111 in February 2009 (primarily because of recruitment), declined to 99 from February to April 2009, and to 95 by August 2009. These results indicate a decline of nearly 50% in < 15 years. The main conservation actions required for this subspecies are the suppression of poaching and feral dogs, the creation of other reserves to receive dorcas gazelles from M'Sabih Talaa (to avoid loss of the single population from a catastrophic event), and the implementation of a genetic management programme. C1 [Baamrane, Moulay Abdeljalil Ait; Znari, Mohammed; Naimi, Mohamed] Cadi Ayyad Univ, Lab Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Dept Biol, Fac Sci Semlalia, Marrakech 40000, Morocco. [Loggers, Chris] US Forest Serv, Colville Natl Forest, Kettle Falls, WA USA. [El Mercht, Said] Reg Ctr Forestry Res, Marrakech, Morocco. RP Baamrane, MAA (reprint author), Cadi Ayyad Univ, Lab Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Dept Biol, Fac Sci Semlalia, Ave Prince Moulay Abdellah,POB 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco. EM aitbaamrane.m.a@gmail.com FU People's Trust for Endangered Species, London, UK; Haut Commissariat aux Eaux et Forets et a la Lutte Contre la Desertification (Morocco) FX We wish to thank Z. Baba Khouya and the personnel of the M'Sabih Talaa Reserve for providing accommodation and assistance during the fieldwork. This study was supported by a grant to M. Znari from People's Trust for Endangered Species, London, UK. We also thank the Haut Commissariat aux Eaux et Forets et a la Lutte Contre la Desertification (Morocco) for their support and permits. We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for improvement of the style and structure of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0030-6053 J9 ORYX JI Oryx PD OCT PY 2013 VL 47 IS 4 BP 578 EP 583 DI 10.1017/S0030605312000506 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 224YY UT WOS:000324930600023 ER PT J AU Fetterer, RH Schwarz, RS Miska, KB Jenkins, MC Barfield, RC Murphy, C AF Fetterer, Raymond H. Schwarz, Ryan S. Miska, Katarzyna B. Jenkins, Mark C. Barfield, Ruth C. Murphy, Charles TI Characterization and localization of an Eimeria-specific protein in Eimeria maxima SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TENELLA; ACERVULINA; MEROZOITE; SPOROZOITES; TRANSCRIPTS; EXPRESSION; RHOPTRIES; PARASITES; INSIGHTS; CLONING AB A recently completed analysis of Eimeria maxima transcriptome identified a gene with homology to sequences expressed by E. tenella and E. acervulina but lacking homology with other organisms including other apicomplexans. This gene, designated Eimeria-specific protein (ESP), codes for a protein with a predicted molecular weight of 19 kDa. The ESP gene was cloned and the recombinant protein expressed in bacteria and purified for preparation of specific antisera. Quantitative RT-PCR showed transcription of ESP was low in unsporulated oocysts and after 24 h of sporulation. However, transcription nearly doubled after 48 h of sporulation and reached its highest levels in sporozoites (SZ) and merozoites (MZ). The protein was detectable by Western blot in both sporulated oocysts and in SZ and MZ. Immuno-localization by light microscopy identified ESP in paired structures in the anterior of SZ and MZ. Immuno-localization by electron microscopy identified ESP in MZ rhoptries but no specific staining of any SZ structures was detected. In addition, localization studies on intestinal sections recovered from birds 120-h post-infection indicates that oocysts do not stain with anti-ESP but staining of microgametocytes and developing oocysts was observed. The results indicate that ESP is associated with the rhoptry of E. maxima and that the protein may have functions in other developmental stages. C1 [Fetterer, Raymond H.; Jenkins, Mark C.; Barfield, Ruth C.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Schwarz, Ryan S.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Miska, Katarzyna B.] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Murphy, Charles] USDA ARS, Soybean Genet Improvement Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fetterer, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Raymond.Fetterer@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 112 IS 10 BP 3401 EP 3408 DI 10.1007/s00436-013-3518-9 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 216ZR UT WOS:000324326500003 PM 23820608 ER PT J AU Sobolev, VS Orner, VA Arias, RS AF Sobolev, V. S. Orner, V. A. Arias, R. S. TI Distribution of bacterial endophytes in peanut seeds obtained from axenic and control plant material under field conditions SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea; Bacillus thuringiensis; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Endophytic bacteria; Aspergillus flavus ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; BIOCONTROL AGENTS; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; COMMUNITIES; SOIL; AGRICULTURE; RHIZOSPHERE; SEQUENCE AB The role and linkage of endophytic bacteria to resistance of peanut seeds to biotic stress is poorly understood. The aims of the present study were to survey the experimental (axenic) and control (conventional) peanut plants for the predominant endophytic bacteria, and to characterize isolates with activity against selected A. flavus strains. Young axenic plants were grown from presumably bacteria-free embryos in the lab, and then they were grown in a field. Endophytic bacterial species were identified by the analysis of DNA sequences of their 16S-ribosomal RNA gene. DNA extracted from soil was also analyzed for predominant bacteria. Mature seeds from the experimental and control plants contained several species of nonpathogenic endophytic bacteria. Among the eight bacterial species isolated from seeds, and DNA sequences detected in soil, Bacillus thuringiensis was dominant. All B. amyloliquefaciens isolates, the second abundant species in seeds demonstrated activity against A. flavus. This effect was not observed with any other bacterial isolates. There was no significant difference in number and relative occurrence of the two major bacterial species between the experimental and conventionally grown control seeds. Endophytic bacterial colonization derives from local soil and not from the seed source, and the peanut plant accommodates only selected species of bacteria from diverse soil populations. Some bacterial isolates showed antibiosis against A. flavus. C1 [Sobolev, V. S.; Orner, V. A.; Arias, R. S.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Sobolev, VS (reprint author), ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM victor.sobolev@ars.usda.gov; valerie.orner@ars.usda.gov; renee.arias@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [6604-42000-008-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS project number 6604-42000-008-00D. We thank B. Horn for providing the strains Aspergillus flavus NRRL 3357 and NRRL 21882. We appreciate M. Schweikert's valuable help in the isolation of bacteria from peanut seeds. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD OCT PY 2013 VL 371 IS 1-2 BP 367 EP 376 DI 10.1007/s11104-013-1692-2 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 224JZ UT WOS:000324882500027 ER PT J AU Scorza, R Kriss, AB Callahan, AM Webb, K Demuth, M Gottwald, T AF Scorza, Ralph Kriss, Alissa B. Callahan, Ann M. Webb, Kevin Demuth, Mark Gottwald, Tim TI Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Pollen- and Seed-Mediated Gene Flow from Genetically Engineered Plum Prunus domestica SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; POX-VIRUS; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; WILD RELATIVES; MODIFIED CROPS; ORCHARD; HYBRIDIZATION; PERSPECTIVE; RESISTANCE AB Pollen flow from a 0.46 ha plot of genetically engineered (GE) Prunus domestica located in West Virginia, USA was evaluated from 2000-2010. Sentinel plum trees were planted at distances ranging from 132 to 854 m from the center of the GE orchard. Plots of mixed plum varieties and seedlings were located at 384, 484 and 998 m from the GE plot. Bee hives (Apis mellifera) were dispersed between the GE plum plot and the pollen flow monitoring sites. Pollen-mediated gene flow from out of the GE plum plot to non-GE plums under the study conditions was low, only occurring at all in 4 of 11 years and then in only 0.31% of the 12,116 seeds analyzed. When it occurred, gene flow, calculated as the number of GUS positive embryos/total embryos sampled, ranged from 0.215% at 132 m from the center of the GE plum plot (28 m from the nearest GE plum tree) to 0.033-0.017% at longer distances (384-998 m). Based on the percentage of GUS positive seeds per individual sampled tree the range was 0.4% to 12%. Within the GE field plot, gene flow ranged from 4.9 to 39%. Gene flow was related to distance and environmental conditions. A single year sample from a sentinel plot 132 m from the center of the GE plot accounted for 65% of the total 11-year gene flow. Spatial modeling indicated that gene flow dramatically decreased at distances over 400 m from the GE plot. Air temperature and rainfall were, respectively, positively and negatively correlated with gene flow, reflecting the effects of weather conditions on insect pollinator activity. Seed-mediated gene flow was not detected. These results support the feasibility of coexistence of GE and non-GE plum orchards. C1 [Scorza, Ralph; Callahan, Ann M.; Webb, Kevin; Demuth, Mark] ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Kriss, Alissa B.; Gottwald, Tim] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Scorza, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM Ralph.Scorza@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX USDA-ARS funding. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 37 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 10 AR e75291 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075291 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 231OR UT WOS:000325427100017 PM 24098374 ER PT J AU Tobin, PC Blackburn, LM Gray, RH Lettau, CT Liebhold, AM Raffa, KF AF Tobin, Patrick C. Blackburn, Laura M. Gray, Rebecca H. Lettau, Christopher T. Liebhold, Andrew M. Raffa, Kenneth F. TI Using delimiting surveys to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics facilitates the management of an invasive non-native insect SO POPULATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; Delimitation; Detection; Invasive species management; Lymantria dispar; Trap grid density ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS; NEW-ZEALAND; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; LYMANTRIA-DISPAR; UNITED-STATES; ERADICATION; FOREST; POPULATION; SPREAD AB The ability to ascertain abundance and spatial extent of a nascent population of a non-native species can inform management decisions. Following initial detection, delimiting surveys, which involve the use of a finer network of samples around the focal point of a newly detected colony, are often used to quantify colony size, spatial extent, and the location of the population core. Despite the widespread use of pheromone-baited traps in delimitation surveys to manage invading populations of Lymantria dispar (L.) in North America, there has been no prior comprehensive attempt to analytically determine the adequacy of these surveys. We used data from 2,190 delimiting grids collected from 2000 to 2010 in the United States to quantify the information gained from delimiting surveys. The use of delimiting surveys revealed that a parts per thousand 53 % of populations of low initial abundance persisted as detectable populations in the following year; however, when trap data from delimiting surveys were excluded, only a parts per thousand 16 % of these low density populations were detected in the following year. Measurements of abundance and spatial extent of a detected population were affected by the increased use of delimiting traps after accounting for initial abundance, the distance from an infested area, and colony area. The use of delimiting traps had a lesser effect on the estimation of the spatial location of the population core, indicating that initial detection of a population often reflects the population core. The need to prioritize resources in efforts to manage non-native species is paramount, and early detection is a key in invasive species management. C1 [Tobin, Patrick C.; Blackburn, Laura M.; Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Gray, Rebecca H.; Lettau, Christopher T.] Wisconsin Dept Agr Trade & Consumer Protect, Madison, WI 53718 USA. [Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Tobin, PC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ptobin@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area [06-DG-11244225-109]; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station [04-CA-11242343-006]; University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences FX We thank the L. dispar Slow-the-Spread program and the participating states for providing the data. We acknowledge financial support from the USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area (Grant No. 06-DG-11244225-109), the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station (Grant No. 04-CA-11242343-006), and the University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1438-3896 EI 1438-390X J9 POPUL ECOL JI Popul. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 55 IS 4 BP 545 EP 555 DI 10.1007/s10144-013-0382-5 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 227SA UT WOS:000325133100004 ER PT J AU Spatz, SJ Volkening, JD Mullis, R Li, FL Mercado, J Zsak, L AF Spatz, Stephen J. Volkening, Jeremy D. Mullis, Robert Li, Fenglan Mercado, John Zsak, Laszlo TI Expression of chicken parvovirus VP2 in chicken embryo fibroblasts requires codon optimization for production of naked DNA and vectored meleagrid herpesvirus type 1 vaccines SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Chicken parvovirus; VP2; Codon-optimized; Bicistronic vector; DNA vaccine; Meleagrid herpesvirus vector ID INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE; STUNTING SYNDROME; MAREKS-DISEASE; CANINE PARVOVIRUS; BROILER-CHICKENS; GOOSE PARVOVIRUS; VIRUS; ORIGIN; GENOME; VACCINATION AB Meleagrid herpesvirus type 1 (MeHV-1) is an ideal vector for the expression of antigens from pathogenic avian organisms in order to generate vaccines. Chicken parvovirus (ChPV) is a widespread infectious virus that causes serious disease in chickens. It is one of the etiological agents largely suspected in causing Runting Stunting Syndrome (RSS) in chickens. Initial attempts to express the wild-type gene encoding the capsid protein VP2 of ChPV by insertion into the thymidine kinase gene of MeHV-1 were unsuccessful. However, transient expression of a codon-optimized synthetic VP2 gene cloned into the bicistronic vector pIRES2-Ds-Red2, could be demonstrated by immunocytochemical staining of transfected chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs). Red fluorescence could also be detected in these transfected cells since the red fluorescent protein gene is downstream from the internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Strikingly, fluorescence could not be demonstrated in cells transiently transfected with the bicistronic vector containing the wild-type or non-codon-optimized VP2 gene. Immunocytochemical staining of these cells also failed to demonstrate expression of wild-type VP2, indicating that the lack of expression was at the RNA level and the VP2 protein was not toxic to CEFs. Chickens vaccinated with a DNA vaccine consisting of the bicistronic vector containing the codon-optimized VP2 elicited a humoral immune response as measured by a VP2-specific ELISA. This VP2 codon-optimized bicistronic cassette was rescued into the MeHV-1 genome generating a vectored vaccine against ChPV disease. C1 [Spatz, Stephen J.; Mullis, Robert; Li, Fenglan; Mercado, John; Zsak, Laszlo] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Volkening, Jeremy D.] BASE2BIO, Madison, WI 53714 USA. RP Spatz, SJ (reprint author), ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Stephen.Spatz@ars.usda.gov OI Volkening, Jeremy/0000-0002-8892-7155 FU United States Department of Agriculture CRIS [6612-32000-065] FX The authors would like to thank Benjamin Rohde for excellent technical support. This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture CRIS #6612-32000-065. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 EI 1572-994X J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD OCT PY 2013 VL 47 IS 2 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.1007/s11262-013-0944-9 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 226KL UT WOS:000325034400008 PM 23861017 ER PT J AU Kuzmina, NA Kuzmin, IV Ellison, JA Taylor, ST Bergman, DL Dew, B Rupprecht, CE AF Kuzmina, Natalia A. Kuzmin, Ivan V. Ellison, James A. Taylor, Steven T. Bergman, David L. Dew, Beverly Rupprecht, Charles E. TI A reassessment of the evolutionary timescale of bat rabies viruses based upon glycoprotein gene sequences SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Virus; Glycoprotein; Viral evolution; Bat rabies; Phylogenetic analysis ID HISTORY; DYNAMICS; ORIGIN AB Rabies, an acute progressive encephalomyelitis caused by viruses in the genus Lyssavirus, is one of the oldest known infectious diseases. Although dogs and other carnivores represent the greatest threat to public health as rabies reservoirs, it is commonly accepted that bats are the primary evolutionary hosts of lyssaviruses. Despite early historical documentation of rabies, molecular clock analyses indicate a quite young age of lyssaviruses, which is confusing. For example, the results obtained for partial and complete nucleoprotein gene sequences of rabies viruses (RABV), or for a limited number of glycoprotein gene sequences, indicated that the time of the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) for current bat RABV diversity in the Americas lies in the seventeenth to eighteenth centuries and might be directly or indirectly associated with the European colonization. Conversely, several other reports demonstrated high genetic similarity between lyssavirus isolates, including RABV, obtained within a time interval of 25-50 years. In the present study, we attempted to re-estimate the age of several North American bat RABV lineages based on the largest set of complete and partial glycoprotein gene sequences compiled to date (n = 201) employing a codon substitution model. Although our results overlap with previous estimates in marginal areas of the 95 % high probability density (HPD), they suggest a longer evolutionary history of American bat RABV lineages (TMRCA at least 732 years, with a 95 % HPD 436-1107 years). C1 [Kuzmina, Natalia A.; Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Ellison, James A.; Taylor, Steven T.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bergman, David L.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Phoenix, AZ 85021 USA. [Dew, Beverly] North Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC 27609 USA. RP Kuzmina, NA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 17,MS G-33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM natakuzmina@yandex.ru RI Bergman, David/C-6874-2015; OI Bergman, David/0000-0002-6757-643X; Ellison, James/0000-0003-4492-4857 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD OCT PY 2013 VL 47 IS 2 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.1007/s11262-013-0952-9 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 226KL UT WOS:000325034400014 PM 23839669 ER PT J AU Lin, M Guo, WS Meng, QX Stevenson, DM Weimer, PJ Schaefer, DM AF Lin, Miao Guo, Wangshan Meng, Qingxiang Stevenson, David M. Weimer, Paul J. Schaefer, Daniel M. TI Changes in rumen bacterial community composition in steers in response to dietary nitrate SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nitrate; ARISA; Rumen; Bacterial community; Steer ID INTERGENIC SPACER ANALYSIS; BOVINE RUMEN; PRIMER SETS; DIVERSITY; METHANOGENESIS; CAMPYLOBACTER; FERMENTATION; REDUCTION; DYNAMICS; NITRITE AB The effect of dietary nitrate supplementation on rumen bacterial community composition was examined in beef steers fed either a nitrate-N diet or urea-N diet. An automated method of ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis was applied to solid and liquid fractions of ruminal contents to allow comparison of bacterial communities. Supplemental N source affected relative population size of four amplicon lengths (ALs) in the liquid fraction and three ALs in the solid fraction. Five ALs were more prevalent after adaptation to nitrate. Correspondence analysis indicated that feeding the steers the nitrate-N diet versus urea-N diet changed the bacterial community composition in the liquid but not in the solid fraction. This led to an investigation of the relative sizes of potential nitrate-reducing populations. Mannheimia succiniciproducens, Veillonella parvula, and Campylobacter fetus were obtained from nitrate enrichment culture and quantified by real-time PCR based on 16S rRNA sequence. Nitrate supplementation increased the percentage of C. fetus in the liquid and solid phases, and in solid phase, the percentage of M. succiniciproducens increased. No change in species prevalence was observed for V. parvula. However, even after adaptation to dietary nitrate, the relative population sizes for all three putative nitrate-reducing species were very low (< 0.06 % of 16S rRNA gene copy number). The liquid-associated bacterial community composition changed due to nitrate supplementation, and at least part of this change reflects an increase in the species prevalence of C. fetus, a species which is not typically regarded as a ruminal inhabitant. C1 [Lin, Miao; Guo, Wangshan; Meng, Qingxiang] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Stevenson, David M.; Weimer, Paul J.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Schaefer, Daniel M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Schaefer, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Sci, 1675 Observ Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM schaeferd@ansci.wisc.edu FU China Scholarship Council FX M. Lin and W. Guo were supported by scholarships from the China Scholarship Council. The authors wish to acknowledge Dr. Mark Richards, Animal Sciences Department, for assistance with methemoglobin determination and Mr. Peter Crump, CALS Computing Center, for assistance with statistical analyses. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 19 BP 8719 EP 8727 DI 10.1007/s00253-013-5143-z PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 220AG UT WOS:000324552500029 PM 23955503 ER PT J AU Lizotte, RE Testa, S Locke, MA Steinriede, RW AF Lizotte, Richard E., Jr. Testa, Sam, III Locke, Martin A. Steinriede, R. Wade, Jr. TI Responses of Phytoplankton and Hyalella azteca to Agrichemical Mixtures in a Constructed Wetland Mesocosm SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AQUATIC PLANTS; ACUTE TOXICITY; ATRAZINE; WATER; SEDIMENT; REMOVAL; AGRICULTURE; METOLACHLOR; CALIFORNIA; HERBICIDE AB We assessed the capability of a constructed wetland to mitigate toxicity of a variety of possible mixtures, such as nutrients only (NO) (nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P]), pesticides only (PO) (atrazine, S-metolachlor, permethrin), and nutrients + pesticides on phytoplankton chlorophyll-a, on 48-h aqueous Hyalella azteca survival and 10-day sediment H. azteca survival and growth. Water and sediment were collected at 10-, 20-, and 40-m distances from inflow and analyzed for nutrients, pesticides, chlorophyll-a, and H. azteca laboratory bioassays. Phytoplankton chlorophyll-a increased 4- to 10 -fold at 7 days after NO treatment. However, responses of chlorophyll-a to PO and nutrients + pesticides were more complex with associated decreases at only 20 m for pesticides only and 10 and 40 m for nutrients + pesticides treatments. H. azteca aqueous survival decreased within the first 48 h of dosing at 10- and 20-m distances during PO and nutrients + pesticides treatments in association with permethrin concentrations. H. azteca sediment survival was unaffected, whereas 10-day growth decreased within 1 day of dosing at all sites during nutrients + pesticides treatment. Constructed wetlands were shown to be an effective agricultural best-management tool for trapping pollutants and mitigating ecological impacts of run-off in agricultural watersheds. C1 [Lizotte, Richard E., Jr.; Testa, Sam, III; Locke, Martin A.; Steinriede, R. Wade, Jr.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Lizotte, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM richard.lizotte@ars.usda.gov; sam.testa@ars.usda.gov; martin.locke@ars.usda.gov; wade.steinriede@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 65 IS 3 BP 474 EP 485 DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9927-z PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 213QW UT WOS:000324074200012 PM 23793977 ER PT J AU Hafner, SD Howard, C Muck, RE Franco, RB Montes, F Green, PG Mitloehner, F Trabue, SL Rotz, CA AF Hafner, Sasha D. Howard, Cody Muck, Richard E. Franco, Roberta B. Montes, Felipe Green, Peter G. Mitloehner, Frank Trabue, Steven L. Rotz, C. Alan TI Emission of volatile organic compounds from silage: Compounds, sources, and implications SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Silage; Volatile organic compounds; Emission; Ethanol; Ozone ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; CROP MAIZE SILAGE; AEROBIC STABILITY; CORN-SILAGE; LACTOBACILLUS-BUCHNERI; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; ACETIC-ACID; FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS; MICROBIAL INOCULATION; OZONE FORMATION AB Silage, fermented cattle feed, has recently been identified as a significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere. A small number of studies have measured VOC emission from silage, but not enough is known about the processes involved to accurately quantify emission rates and identify practices that could reduce emissions. Through a literature review, we have focused on identifying the most important compounds emitted from corn silage (the most common type of silage in the US) and the sources of these compounds by quantifying their production and emission potential in silage and describing production pathways. We reviewed measurements of VOC emission from silage and assessed the importance of individual silage VOCs through a quantitative analysis of VOC concentrations within silage. Measurements of VOC emission from silage and VOCs present within silage indicated that alcohols generally make the largest contribution to emission from corn silage, in terms of mass emitted and potential ozone formation. Ethanol is the dominant alcohol in corn silage; excluding acids, it makes up more than half of the mean mass of VOCs present. Acids, primarily acetic acid, may be important when emission is high and all VOCs are nearly depleted by emission. Aldehydes and esters, which are more volatile than acids and alcohols, are important when exposure is short, limiting emission of more abundant but less volatile compounds. Variability in silage VOC concentrations is very high; for most alcohols and acids, tolerance intervals indicate that 25% of silages have concentrations a factor of two away from median values, and possibly much further. This observation suggests that management practices can significantly influence VOC concentrations. Variability also makes prediction of emissions difficult. The most important acids, alcohols, and aldehydes present in silage are probably produced by bacteria (and, in the case of ethanol, yeasts) during fermentation and storage of silage. Aldehydes may also be produced aerobically by spoilage microorganisms through the oxidation of alcohols. Abiotic reactions may be important for production of methanol and esters. Although silage additives appear to affect VOC production in individual studies, bacterial inoculants have not shown a consistent effect on ethanol, and effects on other VOCs have not been studied. Production of acetic acid is understood, and production could be minimized, but a decrease could lead to an increase in other, more volatile and more reactive, VOCs. Chemical additives designed for controlling yeasts and undesirable bacteria show promise for reducing ethanol production in corn silage. More work is needed to understand silage VOC production and emission from silage, including: additional measurements of VOC concentrations or production in silage of all types, and an exploration of the causes of variability; accurate on-farm measurements of VOC emission, including an assessment of the importance of individual ensiling stages and practices that could reduce emission of existing VOCs; and work on understanding the sources of silage VOCs and possible approaches for reducing production. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hafner, Sasha D.; Montes, Felipe; Rotz, C. Alan] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Howard, Cody] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Muck, Richard E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Franco, Roberta B.; Mitloehner, Frank] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Green, Peter G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Trabue, Steven L.] USDA ARS, Soil Water & Air Resources Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hafner, SD (reprint author), Hafner Consulting LLC, 4022 14th St NW, Washington, DC 20011 USA. EM sdh11@cornell.edu RI Hafner, Sasha/N-3970-2013; OI Hafner, Sasha/0000-0003-0955-0327; Trabue, Steven/0000-0002-4584-5790 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service; California Air Resources Board; National Dairy Board and Dairy Research Institute FX Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, the California Air Resources Board, and the National Dairy Board and Dairy Research Institute. We thank Ralph Ward (Cumberland Valley Analytical Services) and Don Meyer (Rock River Laboratory) for providing silage composition data. Pavel Kalac and Kirsten Weiss provided helpful details on their publications. Also, we appreciate the comments given by Limin Kung (University of Delaware). Lastly, we found the comments from two anonymous reviewers on an earlier draft of this manuscript to be unusually helpful. NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 82 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 77 BP 827 EP 839 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.076 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 223YN UT WOS:000324848500086 ER PT J AU Cushman, SA Landguth, EL Flather, CH AF Cushman, Samuel A. Landguth, Erin L. Flather, Curtis H. TI Evaluating population connectivity for species of conservation concern in the American Great Plains SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Connectivity; Resistant kernel; UNICOR; Swift fox; Lesser prairie chicken; Massasauga ID NORTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; MOVEMENT BEHAVIOR; CORRIDORS; MODEL; DIFFERENTIATION; FRAGMENTATION; AMPHIBIANS; MANAGEMENT; INFERENCE AB Habitat loss and fragmentation are widely recognized as among the most important threats to global biodiversity. New analytical approaches are providing an improved ability to predict the effects of landscape change on population connectivity at vast spatial extents. This paper presents an analysis of population connectivity for three species of conservation concern [swift fox (Vulpes velox); lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus); massasuaga (Sistrurus catenatus)] across the American Great Plains region. We used factorial least-cost path and resistant kernel analyses to predict effects of landscape conditions on corridor network connectivity. Our predictions of population connectivity provide testable hypotheses about the location of core habitats, corridors, and barriers to movement. The results indicate that connectivity is more sensitive to a species' dispersal ability than variation in landscape resistance to movement. Thus, it may prove difficult to optimize conservation strategies to maintain population connectivity for multiple species with disparate dispersal abilities and independent distributions. C1 [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Landguth, Erin L.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Computat Ecol Lab, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Cushman, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 2500 South Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM scushman@fs.fed.us RI Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative FX We gratefully acknowledge the funding assistance provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative and the input provided by James Broska, GPLCC Science Coordinator. We also want to thank the constructive comments provided by two anonymous reviewers that improved our manuscript. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 11 U2 153 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 22 IS 11 BP 2583 EP 2605 DI 10.1007/s10531-013-0541-1 PG 23 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 220BI UT WOS:000324555300008 ER PT J AU Mothapo, NV Grossman, JM Sooksa-nguan, T Maul, J Brauer, SL Shi, W AF Mothapo, N. V. Grossman, J. M. Sooksa-nguan, T. Maul, J. Braeuer, S. L. Shi, W. TI Cropping history affects nodulation and symbiotic efficiency of distinct hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) genotypes with resident soil rhizobia SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE Nodulation; Symbiosis; Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF); Rhizobia; Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae (Rlv); Hairy vetch ID LEGUMINOSARUM BV VICIAE; LEGUME COVER CROPS; NITROGEN-FIXATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; INDIGENOUS RHIZOBIA; PASTURE LEGUMES; BIOVAR TRIFOLII; CORN PRODUCTION; N-2 FIXATION; FIELD PEA AB Compatible rhizobia strains are essential for nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth, HV). We evaluated how past HV cultivation affected nodulation and BNF across host genotypes. Five groups of similar HV genotypes were inoculated with soil dilutions from six paired fields, three with 10-year HV cultivation history (HV+) and three with no history (HV-), and used to determine efficiency of rhizobia nodulation and BNF. Nodulation was equated to nodule number and mass, BNF to plant N and Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae (Rlv) soil cell counts using qPCR to generate an amplicon of targeted Rlv nodD genes. Both HV cultivation history and genotype affected BNF parameters. Plants inoculated with HV+ soil dilutions averaged 60 and 70 % greater nodule number and mass, respectively. Such plants also had greater biomass and tissue N than those inoculated with HV- soil. Plant biomass and tissue N were strongly correlated to nodule mass (r (2) = 0.80 and 0.50, respectively), while correlations to nodule number were low (r (2) = 0.50 and 0.31, respectively). Although hairy vetch rhizobia occur naturally in soils, past cultivation of HV was shown in this study to enhance nodulation gene-carrying Rlv population size and/or efficiency of rhizobia capable of nodulation and N fixation. C1 [Mothapo, N. V.; Grossman, J. M.; Sooksa-nguan, T.; Shi, W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Maul, J.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Braeuer, S. L.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. RP Grossman, JM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, 4235 Williams Hall,101 Derieux St,Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM julie_grossman@ncsu.edu OI Grossman, Julie M/0000-0001-7341-9601 FU Fulbright Grant FX Funding for this project was provided by a Fulbright Grant to graduate student Nape Mothapo. Thanks to farmers, Alex Hitt, Ken Dawson, Michael Fortune, Michael Porterfield, and Stephan Hartman, for making their fields available for the project and sharing their farm management information. The authors acknowledge Dr. Peter Young for providing standard rhizobia strains, Dr. Consuelo Arellano for assisting with statistical analyses, and Drs. Chris Reberg-Horton and Daniel Israel for reviewing the manuscript. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 48 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 7 BP 871 EP 879 DI 10.1007/s00374-013-0781-y PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 217AC UT WOS:000324327700009 ER PT J AU Leathers, TD Rich, JO Anderson, AM Manitchotpisit, P AF Leathers, Timothy D. Rich, Joseph O. Anderson, Amber M. Manitchotpisit, Pennapa TI Lipase production by diverse phylogenetic clades of Aureobasidium pullulans SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Aureobasidium pullulans; Candida cylindracea; Lipase; Phylogenetic clades ID EXTRACELLULAR LIPASE; COLOR VARIANTS; PURIFICATION; ENVIRONMENTS; HYDROLYSIS; EXPRESSION; XYLANASE; CLONING AB Thirty-nine strains representing 12 diverse phylogenetic clades of Aureobasidium pullulans were surveyed for lipase production using a quantitative assay. Strains in clades 4 and 10 produced 0.2-0.3 U lipase/ml, while color variant strain NRRL Y-2311-1 in clade 8 produced 0.54 U lipase/ml. Strains in clade 9, which exhibit a dark olivaceous pigment, produced the highest levels of lipase, with strain NRRL 62034 yielding 0.57 U lipase/ml. By comparison, Candida cylindracea strain NRRL Y-17506 produced 0.05 U lipase/ml under identical conditions. A. pullulans strain NRRL 62034 reached maximal lipase levels in 5 days on lipase induction medium, while A. pullulans strain NRRL Y-2311-1 and strains in clades 4 and 10 were highest after 6 days. A. pullulans strain NRRL Y-2311-1 and strains in clade 9 produced two extracellular proteins in common, at > 50 and < 37 kDa. C1 [Leathers, Timothy D.; Rich, Joseph O.; Anderson, Amber M.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Manitchotpisit, Pennapa] Rangsit Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Med Sci, Biochem Unit, Lakhok 12000, Pathumthani, Thailand. RP Leathers, TD (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Tim.Leathers@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 35 IS 10 BP 1701 EP 1706 DI 10.1007/s10529-013-1268-5 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 226CL UT WOS:000325011900021 PM 23801121 ER PT J AU Fierke, MK Whitmore, MC Foelker, C Vandenberg, JD Carlson, J AF Fierke, M. K. Whitmore, M. C. Foelker, C. Vandenberg, J. D. Carlson, J. TI Delimitation and management of emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): case study at an outlier infestation in southwestern New York State, United States of America SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; ATTRACTION; TREES; POPULATIONS; PLACEMENT; PHEROMONE; VOLATILE; BEHAVIOR; SPREAD; FOREST AB We present a case study in which we developed an adaptive delimitation technique and implemented and evaluated management of emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), in the first infestation discovered in New York State, United States of America. Delimitation was accomplished using 106 girdled "sentinel" trees and management included girdling 18 clusters of trees as population "sinks" to attract EAB and concentrate larvae for removal. Weekly monitoring of traps hung in sentinel trees facilitated early detection of EAB on 12 trees and allowed deployment of additional sentinels and sinks. Sentinel trees were felled and debarked; 12 were positive for EAB larvae and the spatial extent of infestation estimated at similar to 48 km(2). Sinks nearest the infestation core had the highest numbers of larvae. Larval densities were significantly greater in girdled trees than in proximate ungirdled trees suggesting removal of girdled trees prior to the following year's emergence would lower local EAB densities. Sinks deployed in response to an EAB on a sentinel tree purple prism trap more than 0.6 km from the centre of the known infestation were negative for EAB indicating these would not be effective for managing an infestation of similar size and in similar habitats. This case study provides valuable information to land managers to facilitate delimitation and management of newly discovered EAB infestations. C1 [Fierke, M. K.; Foelker, C.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Whitmore, M. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Vandenberg, J. D.] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. [Carlson, J.] New York Dept Environm Conservat Lands & Forests, Albany, NY USA. RP Fierke, MK (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM mkfierke@esf.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service FX The authors thank Michael Griggs (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service), John Welsh, Kimberly Dean, and Chris Standley (all State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry) for field work. They also thank Kaytlynn Walters (State University of New York, Fredonia) for field work and acquiring landowner permissions. Rurik Fencl (State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry) designed and developed maps. We appreciate field assistance from Robert Cole, Josh Payette, Tucker Money, Jessica Cancelliere, and other New York State Department of Environmental Conservation personnel. Additional cooperation and support was provided by the New York Department of Transportation, New York State Parks, National Grid, Randolph town officials and many cooperative landowners. They would also like to thank Deborah McCullough (University of Michigan), Jon Sweeney and two anonymous reviewers for invaluable edits and comments on this manuscript. Funding was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation provided field vehicles critical for data collection. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 48 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 145 IS 5 BP 577 EP 587 DI 10.4039/tce.2013.39 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 219TI UT WOS:000324532300011 ER PT J AU Peng, YC Gardner, DJ Han, Y Kiziltas, A Cai, ZY Tshabalala, MA AF Peng, Yucheng Gardner, Douglas J. Han, Yousoo Kiziltas, Alper Cai, Zhiyong Tshabalala, Mandla A. TI Influence of drying method on the material properties of nanocellulose I: thermostability and crystallinity SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Nanofibrillated cellulose; Cellulose nanocrystal; Thermostability; Crystallinity ID NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; NATIVE CELLULOSE; AMORPHOUS CELLULOSE; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC-MODULUS; HEAT-TREATMENT; PYROLYSIS; WATER AB The effect of drying method on selected material properties of nanocellulose was investigated. Samples of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were each subjected to four separate drying methods: air-drying, freeze-drying, spray-drying, and supercritical-drying. The thermal stability and crystallinity of the dried nanocellulose were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction. Supercritical-drying produced NFCs with the least thermal stability and the lowest crystallinity index. Air-drying or spray-drying produced NFCs which were more thermally stable compared with freeze-dried NFCs. The CNCs dried by the three methods (air-drying, freeze-drying, and spray-drying) have similar onset temperature of thermal degradation. The different drying methods resulted in various char weight percentages at 600 A degrees C for the dried NFCs or CNCs from TGA measurements. The dried NFCs are pure cellulose I while the dried CNCs consist of cellulose I and II. The calculated crystallinity indices differ with each drying method. The cellulose II content in CNCs changes as a function of drying method. For the application of nanocellulose in non polar thermoplastics, spray-dried products are recommended according to their higher thermal stability and higher crystallinity index. C1 [Peng, Yucheng; Gardner, Douglas J.; Han, Yousoo; Kiziltas, Alper] Univ Maine, Adv Struct & Composites Ctr, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Peng, Yucheng; Gardner, Douglas J.; Han, Yousoo; Kiziltas, Alper] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Kiziltas, Alper] Univ Bartin, Dept Forest Ind Engn, Fac Forestry, TR-74100 Bartin, Turkey. [Cai, Zhiyong; Tshabalala, Mandla A.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Gardner, DJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Adv Struct & Composites Ctr, 35 Flagstaff Rd, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM douglasg@maine.edu FU Maine Economic Improvement Fund; USDA Forest Service Forest Product Laboratory FX We acknowledge the financial support from Maine Economic Improvement Fund and the USDA Forest Service Forest Product Laboratory. The content and information does not necessarily reflect the position of the funding agencies. Much appreciation goes to J. Rettenmaier & Sohne GMBH Company for donating the nanofibrillated cellulose. NR 62 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 9 U2 128 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD OCT PY 2013 VL 20 IS 5 BP 2379 EP 2392 DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0019-z PG 14 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 219GL UT WOS:000324494200014 ER PT J AU Curado, G Rubio-Casal, AE Figueroa, E Grewell, BJ Castillo, JM AF Curado, Guillermo Rubio-Casal, Alfredo E. Figueroa, Enrique Grewell, Brenda J. Castillo, Jesus M. TI Native plant restoration combats environmental change: development of carbon and nitrogen sequestration capacity using small cordgrass in European salt marshes SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Carbon sink; Climate change; Eutrophication; Odiel Marshes; Salt marsh restoration; Spartina maritima ID BELOW-GROUND BIOMASS; SPARTINA-MARITIMA; NEW-ENGLAND; YANGTZE ESTUARY; S-MARITIMA; DENSIFLORA; DYNAMICS; ALTERNIFLORA; SEDIMENTS; INVASION AB Restoration of salt marshes is critical in the context of climate change and eutrophication of coastal waters because their vegetation and sediments may act as carbon and nitrogen sinks. Our primary objectives were to quantify carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks and sequestration rates in restored marshes dominated by Spartina maritima to provide support for restoration and management strategies that may offset negative aspects of eutrophication and climate change in estuarine ecosystems. Sediment C content was between ca. 13 mg C g(-1)and sediment N content was ca. 1.8 mg N g(-1). The highest C content for S. maritima was recorded in leaves and stems (ca. 420 mg C g(-1)) and the lowest in roots (361 +/- 4 mg C g(-1)). S. maritima also concentrated more N in its leaves (31 +/- 1 mg N g(-1)) than in other organs. C stock in the restored marshes was 29.6 t C ha(-1); ca. 16 % was stored in S. maritima tissues. N stock was 3.6 t N ha(-1), with 8.3 % stored in S. maritima. Our results showed that the S. maritima restored marshes, 2.5 years after planting, were sequestering atmospheric C and, therefore, provide some mitigation for global warming. Stands are also capturing nitrogen and reducing eutrophication. The concentrations of C and N contents in sediments, and cordgrass relative cover of 62 %, and low below-ground biomass (BGB) suggest restored marshes can sequester more C and N. S. maritima plantations in low marshes replace bare sediments and invasive populations of exotic Spartina densiflora and increase the C and N sequestration capacity of the marsh by increasing biomass production and accumulation. C1 [Curado, Guillermo; Rubio-Casal, Alfredo E.; Figueroa, Enrique; Castillo, Jesus M.] Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, E-41080 Seville, Spain. [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, USDA, ARS,Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Castillo, JM (reprint author), Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Ap 1095, E-41080 Seville, Spain. EM manucas@us.es RI Figueroa Clemente, Manuel Enrique /L-7577-2014; Rubio Casal, Alfredo Emilio/E-6282-2010 OI Castillo, Jesus M/0000-0003-1949-4349; Figueroa Clemente, Manuel Enrique /0000-0002-8806-4054; Rubio Casal, Alfredo Emilio/0000-0002-2358-5043 FU Port Authority of Huelva FX We thank the Port Authority of Huelva for its support, and the Seville University Greenhouse Service and microanalysis service of CITIUS for collaboration. We also thank Ahmed M. Abbass and Jorge Carrion-Tacuri for invaluable research assistance. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 77 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 185 IS 10 BP 8439 EP 8449 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3185-4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210LX UT WOS:000323836100039 PM 23591677 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. TI G-protein coupled receptor 18 (GPR18) in channel catfish: Expression analysis and efficacy as immunostimulant against Aeromonas hydrophila infection SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE G-protein coupled receptor 18; Immunostimulant; Aeromonas hydrophila; Channel catfish ID LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE; INDIAN MAJOR CARPS; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; NILE TILAPIA; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; ANTERIOR KIDNEY; RAINBOW-TROUT; POTENTIAL USE AB The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine the transcriptional profiles of G-protein coupled receptor 18 (GPR18) in channel catfish after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila compared to that in healthy catfish; 2) to determine whether over-expression of GPR18 in catfish gill cells will offer protection against infection of A. hydrophila; 3) to determine whether recombinant pcDNA-GPR18 could be used as an immunostimulant to protect channel catfish against A. hydrophila infection. Quantitative PCR revealed that the transcription levels of GPR18 in all tissues of infected catfish were significantly (P < 0.05) induced except in the intestine. When pcDNA3.2-vectored recombinant GPR18 was transfected in catfish gill cells G1B, the over-expression of pcDNA-GPR18 offered significant (P < 0.05) protection to G1B cells against A. hydrophila infection. When channel catfish were intraperitoneally injected with QCDCR adjuvant formulated pcDNA-GPR18 and challenged with a highly virulent A. hydrophila strain at 1-, 2-, 14-, and 28-days post treatment, pcDNA-GPR18 offered 50%, 100%, 57%, and 55% protection to channel catfish, respectively. Macrophages of fish treated with pcDNA-GPR18 produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher amounts of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide than that of fish treated with pcDNA vector alone. In addition, serum lysozyme activity of catfish injected with pcDNA-GPR18 was significantly (P < 0.08) increased. Taken together, our results suggest that pcDNA-GPR18 could be used as a novel immunostimulant to provide immediate protection to channel catfish against A. hydrophila infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs. Mediha Yildirim-Aksoy (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Paul Dominowski and Michele Kievit (Pfizer Animal Health) for providing QCDCR adjuvant. We thank Dr. Brian Scheffler and Fanny Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for their excellent sequencing work. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1070 EP 1078 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.017 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 223ZA UT WOS:000324849800002 PM 23891864 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. TI Apolipoprotein A1 in channel catfish: Transcriptional analysis, antimicrobial activity, and efficacy as plasmid DNA immunostimulant against Aeromonas hydrophila infection SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apolipoprotein A1; Immunostimulant; Aeromonas hydrophila; Channel catfish ID LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE; INDIAN MAJOR CARPS; NILE TILAPIA; IN-VITRO; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; CYPRINUS-CARPIO AB The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine transcriptional profiles of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) in collected channel catfish tissues after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila by bath immersion; 2) investigate whether recombinant channel catfish apolipoprotein A1 produced in Escherichia coli expression system possesses any antimicrobial activity against A. hydrophila; 3) evaulate whether recombinant channel catfish apolipoprotein A1 plasmid DNA could be used as immunostimulant to protect fish against A. hydrophila infection. Quantitative PCR revealed that the transcription levels of ApoA1 in infected catfish were significantly (P < 0.05) more induced in the anterior kidney. Recombinant apoA1 produced in E. coli expression system exhibited lytic activity against Gram-positive Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Gram-negative A. hydrophila. When pcDNA3.2-vectored recombinant apoA1 was transfected in channel catfish gill cells GIB, the over-expression of pcDNA-ApoA1 offered significant (P < 0.05) protection to G1B cells against A. hydrophila infection. When channel catfish were intraperitoneally injected with QCDCR adjuvant formulated pcDNA-ApoA1 and challenged with a highly virulent A. hydrophila strain AL-09-71 at two days post injection, pcDNA-ApoA1 injection offered 100% protection to channel catfish. Macrophages of fish injected with pcDNA-ApoA1 produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher amounts of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide than that of fish injected with pcDNA vector alone. Our results suggest that pcDNA-ApoA1 could be used as a novel immunostimulant to offer immediate protection to catfish against A. hydrophila infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquatic Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), Aquatic Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs. Mediha Yildirim-Aksoy (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Paul Dominowski and Michele Kievit (Pfizer Animal Health) for providing QCDCR adjuvant. We thank Dr. Brian Scheffler and Fanny Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for their excellent sequencing work. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1129 EP 1137 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.028 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 223ZA UT WOS:000324849800009 PM 23954697 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH Dominowski, PJ Yancey, RJ Kievit, MS AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. Dominowski, Paul J. Yancey, Robert J. Kievit, Michele S. TI Recombinant goose-type lysozyme in channel catfish: Lysozyme activity and efficacy as plasmid DNA immunostimulant against Aeromonas hydrophila infection SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lysozyme-g; Immunostimulant; Aeromonas hydrophila; Channel catfish ID LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE; INDIAN MAJOR CARPS; NILE TILAPIA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; ANTERIOR KIDNEY; LYTIC ACTIVITY; POTENTIAL USE AB The objectives of this study were: 1) to investigate whether recombinant channel catfish lysozyme-g (CC-Lys-g) produced in Escherichia coli expression system possesses any lysozyme activity; and 2) to evaluate whether channel catfish lysozyme-g plasmid DNA could be used as an immunostimulant to protect channel catfish against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Recombinant CC-Lys-g produced in E. coli expression system exhibited significant (P < 0.05) lytic activity against Gram-positive Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Gram-negative A. hydrophila. When pcDNA3.2-vectored recombinant channel catfish lysozyme-g (pcDNA-Lys-g) was transfected in channel catfish gill cells GIB, the over-expression of pcDNA-Lys-g offered significant (P < 0.05) protection to G1B cells against A. hydrophila infection. When channel catfish were intraperitoneally injected with pcDNA-Lys-g along with an adjuvant QCDCR, the transcriptional level of Lys-g was significantly (P < 0.05) increased. When pcDNA-Lys-g injected fish was challenged with a highly virulent A. hydrophila strain AL-09-71, pcDNA-Lys-g offered 100% protection to channel catfish at two days post DNA injection. Macrophages of fish injected with pcDNA-Lys-g produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher amounts of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide than that of fish injected with pcDNA vector alone at two days post DNA injection. Taken together, our results suggest that pcDNA-Lys-g could be used as a novel immunostimulant to offer immediate protection to channel catfish against A. hydrophila infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Dominowski, Paul J.; Yancey, Robert J.; Kievit, Michele S.] Pfizer Inc, Vet Med Res & Dev, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs. Mediha Yildirim-Aksoy (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Brian Scheffler and Fanny Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for their excellent sequencing work. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 EI 1095-9947 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1309 EP 1319 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.08.015 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 223ZA UT WOS:000324849800029 PM 23978564 ER PT J AU Yuan, KF Xie, K Fox, J Zeng, HW Gao, HW Huang, CH Wu, M AF Yuan, Kefei Xie, Ke Fox, John Zeng, Huawei Gao, Hongwei Huang, Canhua Wu, Min TI Decreased Levels of miR-224 and the Passenger Strand of miR-221 Increase MBD2, Suppressing Maspin and Promoting Colorectal Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Mice SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Colon Cancer Progression; Mouse Model; Metastases; Prognostic Factor ID MICRORNA EXPRESSION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CANCER METASTASIS; GENE; ADENOCARCINOMA; PATHOGENESIS; CARCINOMA; TARGET AB BACKGROUND & AIMS: Little is known about functions of microRNA (miR) passenger strands (miR*) or their roles in tumor development or progression. We screened for miRs and miR* with levels that were altered in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and human tumor samples and investigated their targets and effects on cell function and tumor progression in mice. METHODS: We performed array-based profile analysis to identify miRs with levels that were increased more than 2-fold in metastatic (SW620) CRC cells compared with nonmetastatic (SW480) cells. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization analyses were used to measure miRNA levels in CRC cell lines and human tumor samples. We used miRNA duplex mimics or inhibitors to increase and decrease levels of miRNA in CRC cells and assessed their activities and ability to form metastatic xenograft tumors in nude mice. RESULTS: Levels of miR-221* and miR-224 were reduced in metastatic compared with nonmetastatic CRC cells; levels in human tumor samples correlated inversely with tumor stage and metastasis to lymph nodes as well as patient survival times. SW480 cells transfected with miR-221* or miR-224 inhibitors had increased motility in vitro compared with SW480 control cells and formed larger, more metastatic tumors when injected into mice. SW620 cells transfected with miR-221* or miR-224 mimics had reduced migration and motility in vitro and formed smaller tumors with fewer metastases in mice compared with control SW620 cells. We identified the 30 untranslated region of MBD2 messenger RNA as a target of miR-221* and miR-224. MBD2 silences the gene encoding maspin, a suppressor of metastasis. In CRC cells, we found that miR-221* and miR-224 increase the expression of maspin through MBD2 down-regulation. CONCLUSIONS: In metastatic CRC cells, reduced levels of miR-221* and miR-224 increase levels of MBD2, thereby decreasing expression of the metastasis suppressor maspin. Increased activities of miR-221* and miR-224 reduce growth and metastasis of CRC xenograft tumors in mice; these miRs might be developed as therapeutic reagents or biomarkers of CRC progression. C1 [Yuan, Kefei; Fox, John; Wu, Min] Univ N Dakota, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Yuan, Kefei; Huang, Canhua] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, State Key Lab Biotherapy, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. [Xie, Ke] Sichuan Prov Peoples Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Chengdu, Peoples R China. [Zeng, Huawei] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Gao, Hongwei] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperfus Injury,Dept Anesthe, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Wu, M (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM hcanhua@hotmail.com; min.wu@med.und.edu FU National 973 Basic Research Program of China [2013CB911300, 2011CB910703]; National Science and Technology Major Project [2012ZX09501001-003]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [81172173, 81225015]; Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute [103007]; National Institutes of Health [AI101973-01, AI097532-01A1] FX Supported by the National 973 Basic Research Program of China (2013CB911300 and 2011CB910703 to C.H.), National Science and Technology Major Project (2012ZX09501001-003 to C.H.), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81172173 and 81225015 to C.H.), Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (grant 103007 to M.W.), and National Institutes of Health grants AI101973-01 and AI097532-01A1 (to M.W.). NR 29 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 16 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 145 IS 4 BP 853 EP + DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.06.008 PG 21 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 219AE UT WOS:000324474600031 PM 23770133 ER PT J AU Lee, YJ van Nostrand, JD Tu, QC Lu, ZM Cheng, L Yuan, T Deng, Y Carter, MQ He, ZL Wu, LY Yang, F Xu, J Zhou, JZ AF Lee, Yong-Jin van Nostrand, Joy D. Tu, Qichao Lu, Zhenmei Cheng, Lei Yuan, Tong Deng, Ye Carter, Michelle Q. He, Zhili Wu, Liyou Yang, Fang Xu, Jian Zhou, Jizhong TI The PathoChip, a functional gene array for assessing pathogenic properties of diverse microbial communities SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE virulence genes; functional gene array; climate warming; oil-contamination; caries ID GEOCHIP-BASED ANALYSIS; PROBE DESIGN CRITERIA; SEA OIL PLUME; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MICROARRAY; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; ELEVATED CO2; WATER; SOIL; IDENTIFICATION AB Pathogens present in the environment pose a serious threat to human, plant and animal health as evidenced by recent outbreaks. As many pathogens can survive and proliferate in the environment, it is important to understand their population dynamics and pathogenic potential in the environment. To assess pathogenic potential in diverse habitats, we developed a functional gene array, the PathoChip, constructed with key virulence genes related to major virulence factors, such as adherence, colonization, motility, invasion, toxin, immune evasion and iron uptake. A total of 3715 best probes were selected from 13 virulence factors, covering 7417 coding sequences from 1397 microbial species (2336 strains). The specificity of the PathoChip was computationally verified, and approximately 98% of the probes provided specificity at or below the species level, proving its excellent capability for the detection of target sequences with high discrimination power. We applied this array to community samples from soil, seawater and human saliva to assess the occurrence of virulence genes in natural environments. Both the abundance and diversity of virulence genes increased in stressed conditions compared with their corresponding controls, indicating a possible increase in abundance of pathogenic bacteria under environmental perturbations such as warming or oil spills. Statistical analyses showed that microbial communities harboring virulence genes were responsive to environmental perturbations, which drove changes in abundance and distribution of virulence genes. The PathoChip provides a useful tool to identify virulence genes in microbial populations, examine the dynamics of virulence genes in response to environmental perturbations and determine the pathogenic potential of microbial communities. C1 [Lee, Yong-Jin; van Nostrand, Joy D.; Tu, Qichao; Lu, Zhenmei; Cheng, Lei; Yuan, Tong; Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Wu, Liyou; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Lee, Yong-Jin; van Nostrand, Joy D.; Tu, Qichao; Lu, Zhenmei; Cheng, Lei; Yuan, Tong; Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Wu, Liyou; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Lu, Zhenmei] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Carter, Michelle Q.] USDA, Produce Safety & Microbiol Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, ARS, Albany, CA USA. [Yang, Fang] Qingdao Municipal Hosp, Oral Res Ctr, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Xu, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Qingdao Inst Bioenergy & Bioproc Technol, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, 101 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jzhou@ou.edu RI Van Nostrand, Joy/F-1740-2016; OI Van Nostrand, Joy/0000-0001-9548-6450; ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632 FU US Department of Energy, Biological Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program [DE-SC0004601] FX We thank T. Hazen for providing samples from the Gulf of Mexico. This work was supported, in part, by the US Department of Energy, Biological Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program (DE-SC0004601). NR 81 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 73 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1974 EP 1984 DI 10.1038/ismej.2013.88 PG 11 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 224FY UT WOS:000324869400009 PM 23765101 ER PT J AU Bennett, VJ Pack, SM Smith, WP Betts, MG AF Bennett, Victoria J. Pack, Shalynn M. Smith, Winston P. Betts, Matthew G. TI Sex-biased dispersal in a rare butterfly and the implications for its conservation SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Connectivity; Euphydryas editha taylori; Human-altered landscape; Metapopulations; Movement dynamics ID MARSH FRITILLARY; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; EUPHYDRYAS-AURINIA; METAPOPULATION STRUCTURE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; FOREST FRAGMENTS; LOPINGA-ACHINE; HOME RANGES; LANDSCAPE; BEHAVIOR AB The survival of many species may be dependent on their ability to exist in human-altered landscapes within metapopulations; in turn, metapopulation persistence is dictated by the ability of individuals to move effectively among patches to promote recolonization. The Taylor's checkerspot butterfly (Euphydryas editha taylori) is a species that does not naturally occur in fragmented landscapes, yet it is now restricted to a handful of small isolated prairie habitats. Current recovery plans aim to establish a stable metapopulation; however, to date little is known about the species' ability to move across the landscape. In 2010 and 2011, we conducted marking, tracking and boundary surveys to explore the movement dynamics of adults within two sites in Oregon, USA. Over the survey period, we marked 136 male butterflies, tracked 174 individuals and observed the behavior of 1,576 individual butterflies at site boundaries. Our study revealed a significant sex-bias in the movement dynamics of the Taylor's checkerspot in both suitable habitat and surrounding matrix. Males were highly motile, whereas females appeared sedentary, rarely moving from their natal site. The limited dispersal behavior of females indicates that populations cannot persist naturally in a metapopulation and thus are at high risk of extinction. Based on our findings, we recommend that managers take proactive measures to increase or enable dispersal (including translocation) to existing and/or restored sites. C1 [Bennett, Victoria J.] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. [Bennett, Victoria J.; Pack, Shalynn M.; Betts, Matthew G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Richardson, OR 97331 USA. [Smith, Winston P.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Bennett, VJ (reprint author), Texas Christian Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. EM v.bennett@tcu.edu OI Pack, Shalynn/0000-0002-6560-0862 FU National Geographic/Waitt program; Oregon State University's General Research Fund FX We thank the National Geographic/Waitt program for supporting this project and the Oregon State University's General Research Fund for funding additional data collection. Special thanks to Al Kitzman, superintendent of Benton County Natural Areas and Parks in Oregon and to private property owner Skip Rung, for providing the opportunity, and supporting and encouraging our research on the Taylor's checkerspot carried out at their sites. Many thanks to Diana Raper, Katelynn Karch, Aaron McAlexander, James Lafferty, and Susan Shirley for providing much needed assistance in data collection. Additional thanks to Diana Raper and Amanda Hale for providing feedback on manuscript drafts. NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1366-638X J9 J INSECT CONSERV JI J. Insect Conserv. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 5 BP 949 EP 958 DI 10.1007/s10841-013-9577-5 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 221FN UT WOS:000324643300010 ER PT J AU D'Amico, V Podgwaite, JD Zerillo, R Taylor, P Fuester, R AF D'Amico, V. Podgwaite, J. D. Zerillo, R. Taylor, P. Fuester, R. TI Interactions between an injected polydnavirus and per os baculovirus in gypsy moth larvae SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Polydnavirus; Baculovirus; LdMNPV; Lymantria dispar; Insect immunity; CmeBV ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; COTESIA-CONGREGATA; MANDUCA-SEXTA; DISPAR; NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; TRANSMISSION AB Larval gypsy moths, Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae) were co-infected with the L dispar nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV) and the Cotesia melanoscela (Hymenoptera:Braconidae) polydnavirus (CmeBV). CmeBV was given along with a parasitoid egg and calyx products in a stinging event, or in the form of an injection of calyx-derived extract. LdMNPV was delivered per as, integrated into artificial diet. Mortality from all sources was recorded over the subsequent three-week period. Neither parasitism nor injections of purified CmeBV with toxin had any effect on the amount of mortality caused by concurrent challenges with LdMNPV. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [D'Amico, V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Podgwaite, J. D.; Zerillo, R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Taylor, P.; Fuester, R.] ARS, USDA, BIIRL, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP D'Amico, V (reprint author), U Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, 531 South Ave, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM vdamico@fs.fed.us NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 114 IS 2 BP 158 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2013.07.009 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 223FP UT WOS:000324790400008 PM 23933012 ER PT J AU Die, JV Rowland, LJ AF Die, Jose V. Rowland, Lisa J. TI Advent of genomics in blueberry SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Review DE Bioinformatics; cDNA libraries; EST; NGS; Transcriptome ID SUPPRESSION SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION; DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES; COLD-ACCLIMATION; COLLETOTRICHUM-ACUTATUM; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; VACCINIUM-CORYMBOSUM; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; TOLERANCE AB Blueberry is a high-value crop with recognized nutritional characteristics that has led to an increase in consumer demand over the last several years. With its increasing agricultural and commercial importance, genetic and genomic tools have recently become available for use in characterizing its genetic diversity and in molecular breeding strategies. Here, we provide an overview of genomic research in blueberry, with a focus on expressed sequence tag/transcriptome sequencing efforts. These resources are already providing novel insights into various biological processes from large-scale expression studies, such as microarrays, elucidation of phylogenetic relationships, and development of molecular markers and genetic linkage maps. Future blueberry breeding programs should benefit greatly from these new genomic tools. C1 [Die, Jose V.; Rowland, Lisa J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Rowland, LJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM Jeannine.Rowland@ars.usda.gov OI Die, Jose V./0000-0002-7506-8590 NR 48 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 32 IS 3 BP 493 EP 504 DI 10.1007/s11032-013-9893-1 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 223QT UT WOS:000324823100001 ER PT J AU Zhao, YG Zhang, LX Gao, M Tian, L Zheng, P Wang, K Zhang, LS Li, BZ Han, MY Alva, AK AF Zhao, Yonggui Zhang, Lixin Gao, Mei Tian, Li Zheng, Peng Wang, Kai Zhang, Linsen Li, Binzhi Han, Mingyu Alva, Ashok K. TI INFLUENCE OF GIRDLING AND FOLIAR-APPLIED UREA ON APPLE (MALUS DOMESTICA L.) FRUIT QUALITY SO PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID FUJI APPLES; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; YIELD; LEAVES; BIOSYNTHESIS; STRAWBERRY; SOIL; BIOGENESIS; EXPRESSION AB The influence of four rates of foliar-applied urea (0, 0.2, 0.5 and 0.8%; i.e., N0, N1, N2 and N3 rates, respectively) without or with girdling was evaluated on 'Fuji' apple fruit quality parameters and activities of two key enzymes in aroma metabolism. Girdling treatment at a given rate of foliar-applied urea increased fruit weight, size, contents of soluble sugars (SSC), vitamin C (VCC) and total amino acids (TAAC), while decreased soluble protein content (SPC), and titratable acidity (TAC) as well as activities of alcohol acyltransferase (AAT) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). With the increasing rates of foliar-applied urea regardless of girdling treatments, increased SPC, VCC, TAAC, and TAC as well as AAT activity, while decreased SSC. The combination of girdling and urea application increased fruit size and weight, VCC and TAAC. Favorable fruit quality responses were obtained at 0.5% urea rate. This study demonstrated that combined application of girdling and foliar spray of urea improved most of fruit quality parameters. C1 [Zhao, Yonggui; Zhang, Lixin; Gao, Mei; Tian, Li; Zheng, Peng; Wang, Kai] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Linsen; Li, Binzhi; Han, Mingyu] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Alva, Ashok K.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM zhanglixin@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303104]; West Light Foundation of CAS [2060299-14]; Program for Agricultural Sci-Tech Innovation of Shaanxi Province [2011NXC01-18]; Environment Protection Program [2012-47]; Sci-tech Coordinating Innovative Engineering Projects of Shaanxi Province [2011KTZB02-02-05] FX This research was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303104) and West Light Foundation of CAS (2060299-14), Program for Agricultural Sci-Tech Innovation of Shaanxi Province (2011NXC01-18), Environment Protection Program (2012-47) and Sci-tech Coordinating Innovative Engineering Projects of Shaanxi Province (2011KTZB02-02-05). NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU PAKISTAN BOTANICAL SOC PI KARACHI PA DEPT OF BOTANY UNIV KARACHI, 32 KARACHI, PAKISTAN SN 0556-3321 EI 2070-3368 J9 PAK J BOT JI Pak. J. Bot. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 45 IS 5 BP 1609 EP 1615 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 222JR UT WOS:000324727500019 ER PT J AU Kovacs, FA Sarath, G Woodworth, K Twigg, P Tobias, CM AF Kovacs, Frank A. Sarath, Gautam Woodworth, Kyle Twigg, Paul Tobias, Christian M. TI Abolishing activity against ascorbate in a cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase from switchgrass SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Ascorbate; Peroxidase; Panicum virgatum; Poaceae; Mutant; ABTS ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; PURIFICATION; COMPLEX; PLANTS AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L) is being developed as a bioenergy species. Recently an early version of its genome has been released permitting a route to the cloning and analysis of key proteins. Ascorbate peroxidases (APx) are an important part of the antioxidant defense system of plant cells and present a well studied model to understand structure-function relationships. Analysis of the genome indicates that switchgrass encodes several cytosolic ascorbate peroxidases with apparent varying levels of tissue expression. A major cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase was thus selected for further studies. This gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli cells to obtain purified active protein. Full heme incorporation of the enzyme was achieved utilizing slow growth and supplementing the media with 5-aminolevulinic acid. The enzyme was observed to be monomeric in solution via size exclusion chromatography. Activity toward ascorbate was observed that was non-Michaelis-Menten in nature. A site-directed mutant, R172S, was made in an attempt to differentiate activity against ascorbate versus other substrates. The R172S protein exhibited negligible ascorbate peroxidase activity, but showed near wild type activity toward other aromatic substrates. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kovacs, Frank A.; Woodworth, Kyle] Univ Nebraska Kearney, Dept Chem, Kearney, NE 68849 USA. [Sarath, Gautam] USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Twigg, Paul] Univ Nebraska Kearney, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA. [Tobias, Christian M.] USDA ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kovacs, FA (reprint author), 4201 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849 USA. EM kovacsfa@unk.edu RI Tobias, Christian/B-6602-2009 OI Tobias, Christian/0000-0002-7881-750X FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [5440-21000-030-00D]; Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AI02-09ER64829]; UNK Office of Graduate Studies and Research/Research Services Council; NIH from the INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources [1 P20 RR16469] FX We thank Nathan Palmer for technical assistance. This work was supported in part by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 5440-21000-030-00D, and by The Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy Grant Number DE-AI02-09ER64829. The US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of commercial products and organizations in this manuscript is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned. This work was also supported in part by funding provided by the UNK Office of Graduate Studies and Research/Research Services Council.; Some of the equipment used in this project was purchased from NIH grant number 1 P20 RR16469 from the INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD OCT PY 2013 VL 94 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.05.016 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 222HF UT WOS:000324721100004 PM 23809633 ER PT J AU Rivera-Chavez, J Gonzalez-Andrade, M Gonzalez, MD Glenn, AE Mata, R AF Rivera-Chavez, Jose Gonzalez-Andrade, Martin del Carmen Gonzalez, Maria Glenn, Anthony E. Mata, Rachel TI Thielavins A, J and K: alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors from MEXU 27095, an endophytic fungus from Hintonia latiflora SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Type II diabetes mellitus; Hintonia latiflora; Endophytic fungus; Thielavins; alpha-Glucosidase; Enzymatic inhibition; Molecular docking; Oral sucrose tolerance test ID MOLECULAR DOCKING; GLUCANS AB Bioassay-guided fractionation of the bio-active organic extract obtained from solid-media culture of MEXU 27095, an endophytic fungus isolated from the Mexican medicinal plant Hintonia latiflora (Rubiaceae), led to separation of three tridepsides which were identified as thielavins A, J and K. All three compounds inhibited Saccharomyces cerevisieae alpha-glucosidase (alpha GHY) in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 23.8, 15.8, and 22.1 mu M, respectively. Their inhibitory action was higher than that of acarbose (IC50 = 545 mu M), used as a positive control. Kinetic analysis established that the three compounds acted as non-competitive inhibitors with k(i) values of 27.8, 66.2 and 55.4 mu M, respectively (alpha =1.0, 1.2, 0.7, respectively); acarbose behaved as competitive inhibitor with a k(i) value of 156.1 mu M. Thielavin J inhibited the activity of alpha-glucosidase from Bacillus stearothermophilus (alpha GHBs) with an IC50 of 30.5 mu M, being less active than acarbose (IC50 = 0.015 mu M); in this case, compound (2) (k(i) = 20.0 mu M and alpha = 2.9) and acarbose (k(i) = 0.008 mu M and alpha = 1.9) behaved as non-competitive inhibitors. Docking analysis predicted that all three thielavins and acarbose bind to homologated alpha GHBs and to alpha GHY (PDB: 3A4A) in a pocket close to the catalytic site for maltose and isomaltose, respectively. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory properties of thielavin K (3) were corroborated in vivo since it induced a noted antihyperglycemic action during an oral sucrose tolerance test (3.1, 10.0 and 31.6 mg/kg) sin normal and nicotinamide-streptozotocin diabetic mice. In addition, at a dose of 10 mg/kg, it provoked a moderate hypoglycemic activity in diabetic mice. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rivera-Chavez, Jose; Mata, Rachel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Gonzalez-Andrade, Martin] Inst Nacl Med Genom INMEGEN, Secretaria Salud, Mexico City 14610, DF, Mexico. [del Carmen Gonzalez, Maria] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Glenn, Anthony E.] ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Mata, R (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM rachel@unam.mx RI Mata, Rachel/I-4435-2014 OI Mata, Rachel/0000-0002-2861-2768 FU CONACyT [99395] FX This work was supported by a grant from CONACyT (99395). We thank G. Duarte, M. Guzman, M. Gutierrez, I. Rivero, A. Perez, G. Anaya and S. Cristians for their valuable technical assistance. J. Rivera-Chavez acknowledges a fellowship from CONACyT to pursue graduate studies. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD OCT PY 2013 VL 94 BP 198 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.05.021 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 222HF UT WOS:000324721100022 PM 23809634 ER PT J AU Lygin, AV Zernova, OV Hill, CB Kholina, NA Widholm, JM Hartman, GL Lozovaya, VV AF Lygin, Anatoliy V. Zernova, Olga V. Hill, Curtis B. Kholina, Nadegda A. Widholm, Jack M. Hartman, Glen L. Lozovaya, Vera V. TI Glyceollin is an Important Component of Soybean Plant Defense Against Phytophthora sojae and Macrophomina phaseolina SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE disease resistance; Glycine max; lignin ID F-SP GLYCINES; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; PHENOLIC METABOLISM; DISEASE RESISTANCE; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; GENE-EXPRESSION; HAIRY ROOTS; BIOSYNTHESIS; PHYTOALEXINS; PATHOGENS AB The response of soybean transgenic plants, with suppressed synthesis of isoflavones, and nontransgenic plants to two common soybean pathogens, Macrophomina phaseolina and Phytophthora sojae, was studied. Transgenic soybean plants of one line used in this study were previously generated via bombardment of embryogenic cultures with the phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chalcone synthase, and isoflavone synthase (IFS2) genes in sense orientation driven by the cotyledon-preferable lectin promoter (to turn genes on in cotyledons), while plants of another line were newly produced using the IFS2 gene in sense orientation driven by the Cassava vein mosaic virus constitutive promoter (to turn genes on in all plant parts). Nearly complete inhibition of isoflavone synthesis was found in the cotyledons of young seedlings of transgenic plants transformed with the IFS2 transgene driven by the cotyledon-preferable lectin promoter compared with the untransformed control during the 10-day observation period, with the precursors of isoflavone synthesis being accumulated in the cotyledons of transgenic plants. These results indicated that the lectin promoter could be active not only during seed development but also during seed germination. Downregulation of isoflavone synthesis only in the seed or in the whole soybean plant caused a strong inhibition of the pathogen-inducible glyceollin in cotyledons after inoculation with P sojae, which resulted in increased susceptibility of the cotyledons of both transgenic lines to this pathogen compared with inoculated cotyledons of untransformed plants. When stems were inoculated with M. phaseolina, suppression of glyceollin synthesis was found only in stems of transgenic plants expressing the transgene driven by a constitutive promoter, which developed more severe infection. These results provide further evidence that rapid glyceollin accumulation during infection contributes to the innate soybean defense response. C1 [Lygin, Anatoliy V.; Zernova, Olga V.; Hill, Curtis B.; Kholina, Nadegda A.; Widholm, Jack M.; Lozovaya, Vera V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lozovaya, VV (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lozovaya@uiuc.edu FU United Soybean Board, USB [1272]; United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [ILLH-802-309, 802-352] FX This work was supported, in part, by funds from the United Soybean Board, USB Project number 1272 and the United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Hatch project number ILLH-802-309 and 802-352. We thank L. Crull for technical help with inoculation of plant materials. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 BP 984 EP 994 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-12-12-0328-R PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 225LW UT WOS:000324965400001 PM 23617338 ER PT J AU Al Rwahnih, M Dave, A Anderson, MM Rowhani, A Uyemoto, JK Sudarshana, MR AF Al Rwahnih, Maher Dave, Ashita Anderson, Michael M. Rowhani, Adib Uyemoto, Jerry K. Sudarshana, Mysore R. TI Association of a DNA Virus with Grapevines Affected by Red Blotch Disease in California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geminivirus; next-generation sequencing ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; CITRUS CHLOROTIC DWARF; SMALL RNAS; RT-PCR; LEAFROLL; VINEYARDS; FAMILY; VITIS; CLOSTEROVIRIDAE; IDENTIFICATION AB In the Napa Valley of California, vineyards of 'Cabernet Franc' (CF) clone 214, 'Cabernet Sauvignon' clone 337, and 'Zinfandel' clone 1A (Z1A) with grapevines exhibiting foliar symptoms of red blotches, marginal reddening, and red veins that were accompanied by reduced sugar accumulation in fruit at harvest were initially suspected to be infected with leafroll-associated viruses. However, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were negative for all known leafroll-associated viruses, with the exception of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 in Z1A. Metagenomic analysis of cDNA libraries obtained from double-stranded RNA enriched nucleic acid (NA) preparations from bark scrapings of dormant canes on an Illumina platform revealed sequences having a distant relationship with members of the family Geminiviridae. Sequencing of products obtained by PCR assays using overlapping primers and rolling circle amplification (RCA) confirmed the presence of a single circular genome of 3,206 nucleotides which was nearly identical to the genome of a recently reported Grapevine cabernet franc-associated virus found in declining grapevines in New York. We propose to call this virus "Grapevine red blotch-associated virus" (GRBaV) to describe its association with grapevine red blotch disease. Primers specific to GRBaV amplified a product of expected size (557 bp) from NA preparations obtained from petioles of several diseased source vines. Chip bud inoculations successfully transmitted GRBaV to test plants of CF, as confirmed by PCR analysis. This is the first report of a DNA virus associated with red blotch disease of grapevines in California. C1 [Al Rwahnih, Maher; Dave, Ashita; Rowhani, Adib] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Anderson, Michael M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Uyemoto, Jerry K.; Sudarshana, Mysore R.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Sudarshana, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, 1 Shields Av, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mysore.sudarshana@ars.usda.gov FU Viticulture Consortium West FX This work was supported partly by a grant from the Viticulture Consortium West to M. R. Sudarshana. We thank the grower cooperators in Napa Valley for providing vineyard access and assistance over the course of this investigation and S. Gonzalez for assistance with NA extractions. Mention of a trademark, proprietary products, or vendor does not constitute guarantee or warranty of the product by the United States Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products and vendors that might also be suitable. NR 40 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 6 U2 42 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 BP 1069 EP 1076 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-10-12-0253-R PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 225LW UT WOS:000324965400011 PM 23656312 ER PT J AU Khan, NA Bedre, R Parco, A Bernaola, L Hale, A Kimbeng, C Pontif, M Baisakh, N AF Khan, Nisar Ahmad Bedre, Renesh Parco, Arnold Bernaola, Lina Hale, Anna Kimbeng, Collins Pontif, Michael Baisakh, Niranjan TI Identification of cold-responsive genes in energycane for their use in genetic diversity analysis and future functional marker development SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cold tolerance; Energycane; eSSR; Gene expression; Genetic diversity; Sugarcane ID ABSCISIC-ACID; EXPRESSION PROFILES; LOW-TEMPERATURE; SSR-MARKERS; SUGARCANE; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEIN; STRESS; TOLERANCE; RICE AB Breeding for cold tolerance in sugarcane will allow its cultivation as a dedicated biomass crop in cold environments. Development of functional markers to facilitate marker-assisted breeding requires identification of cold stress tolerance genes. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, 465 cold-responsive genes were isolated from the cold-tolerant energycane Ho02-144. Predicted gene interactions network indicated several associated pathways that may coordinately regulate cold tolerance responses in energycane. Expression analysis of a select set of genes, representing signaling and transcription factors, genes involved in polyamine and antioxidant biosynthesis, protein degradation and in the repair of damaged proteins in the cytosol, showed their time-dependent regulation under cold-stress. Comparative expression profiles of these genes between Ho02-144 and a cold-sensitive clone (L79-1002) showed that almost all genes were induced immediately upon imposition of cold stress and maintained their expression in Ho02-144 whereas they were either downregulated or their upregulation was very low in L79-1002. Simple sequence repeat markers derived from 260 cold-responsive genes showed allelic diversity among the cold-sensitive commercial hybrids that were distinct from the Saccharum spontaneum clones. Future efforts will target sequence polymorphism information of these genes in our ongoing QTL and association mapping studies to identify functional markers associated with cold tolerance in sugar/energycane. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Khan, Nisar Ahmad; Bedre, Renesh; Parco, Arnold; Bernaola, Lina; Baisakh, Niranjan] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hale, Anna] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Kimbeng, Collins; Pontif, Michael] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sugar Res Stn, St Gabriel, LA 70776 USA. RP Baisakh, N (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM nbaisakh@agcenter.lsu.edu FU USDA-NIFA; American Sugar Cane League FX This research was supported in part by a grant from the USDA-NIFA and the American Sugar Cane League. The authors thank Kenneth Gravois for the energycane clones used in this study. This manuscript is approved for publication by the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as MS#2013-306-9451. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 211 BP 122 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.07.001 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 221LE UT WOS:000324659600013 PM 23987817 ER PT J AU Green, MB Bailey, AS Bailey, SW Battles, JJ Campbell, JL Driscoll, CT Fahey, TJ Lepine, LC Likens, GE Ollinger, SV Schaberg, PG AF Green, Mark B. Bailey, Amey S. Bailey, Scott W. Battles, John J. Campbell, John L. Driscoll, Charles T. Fahey, Timothy J. Lepine, Lucie C. Likens, Gene E. Ollinger, Scott V. Schaberg, Paul G. TI Reply to Smith and Shortle: Lacking evidence of hydraulic efficiency changes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter ID STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE C1 [Green, Mark B.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. [Green, Mark B.; Bailey, Amey S.; Bailey, Scott W.; Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Battles, John J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Fahey, Timothy J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lepine, Lucie C.; Ollinger, Scott V.] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Likens, Gene E.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Likens, Gene E.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Green, MB (reprint author), Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. EM mbgreen@plymouth.edu RI Battles, John/G-8233-2012; Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014; OI Battles, John/0000-0001-7124-7893; Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; Green, Mark/0000-0002-7415-7209 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 40 BP E3740 EP E3740 DI 10.1073/pnas.1312130110 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 227II UT WOS:000325105500002 PM 24224184 ER PT J AU Smith, KT Shortle, WC AF Smith, Kevin T. Shortle, Walter C. TI Calcium amendment may increase hydraulic efficiency and forest evapotranspiration SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter C1 [Smith, Kevin T.; Shortle, Walter C.] Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Smith, KT (reprint author), Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM ktsmith@fs.fed.us NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 40 BP E3739 EP E3739 DI 10.1073/pnas.1311453110 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 227II UT WOS:000325105500001 PM 24067662 ER PT J AU Olson, EL Rouse, MN Pumphrey, MO Bowden, RL Gill, BS Poland, JA AF Olson, Eric L. Rouse, Matthew N. Pumphrey, Michael O. Bowden, Robert L. Gill, Bikram S. Poland, Jesse A. TI Introgression of stem rust resistance genes SrTA10187 and SrTA10171 from Aegilops tauschii to wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; MULTIPLE FUNGAL PATHOGENS; BACKCROSS POPULATIONS; DURABLE RESISTANCE; RACE TTKS; UG99; GERMPLASM; DISCOVERY; CULTURES; LINES AB Aegilops tauschii, the diploid progenitor of the wheat D genome, is a readily accessible germplasm pool for wheat breeding as genes can be transferred to elite wheat cultivars through direct hybridization followed by backcrossing. Gene transfer and genetic mapping can be integrated by developing mapping populations during backcrossing. Using direct crossing, two genes for resistance to the African stem rust fungus race TTKSK (Ug99), were transferred from the Ae. tauschii accessions TA10187 and TA10171 to an elite hard winter wheat line, KS05HW14. BC2 mapping populations were created concurrently with developing advanced backcross lines carrying rust resistance. Bulked segregant analysis on the BC2 populations identified marker loci on 6DS and 7DS linked to stem rust resistance genes transferred from TA10187 and TA10171, respectively. Linkage maps were developed for both genes and closely linked markers reported in this study will be useful for selection and pyramiding with other Ug99-effective stem rust resistance genes. The Ae. tauschii-derived resistance genes were temporarily designated SrTA10187 and SrTA10171 and will serve as valuable resources for stem rust resistance breeding. C1 [Olson, Eric L.; Bowden, Robert L.; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Pumphrey, Michael O.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bowden, Robert L.; Poland, Jesse A.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Poland, JA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jpoland@ksu.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011; OI Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project, Cornell University through Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; USDA-ARS [5430-21000-006-00D] FX This is contribution number 13-105-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. This work was funded by the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project, Cornell University through a grant from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the USDA-ARS (Appropriation # 5430-21000-006-00D). We thank Amy Bernardo, Paul St. Amand, Katherine Kaus, and Mitchell Keller for technical assistance. Dr. Robert A. McIntosh gave suggestions that improved this manuscript. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 126 IS 10 BP 2477 EP 2484 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2148-z PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 224HJ UT WOS:000324873400004 PM 23864229 ER PT J AU Liu, SY Griffey, CA Hall, MD McKendry, AL Chen, JL Brooks, WS Brown-Guedira, G Van Sanford, D Schmale, DG AF Liu, Shuyu Griffey, Carl A. Hall, Marla D. McKendry, Anne L. Chen, Jianli Brooks, Wynse S. Brown-Guedira, Gina Van Sanford, David Schmale, David G. TI Molecular characterization of field resistance to Fusarium head blight in two US soft red winter wheat cultivars SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; DEOXYNIVALENOL ACCUMULATION; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; MAPPING POPULATIONS; FHB RESISTANCE; SPRING WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; SSR MARKERS; REGISTRATION AB In the soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) regions of the US, Fusarium head blight (FHB, caused by Fusarium spp.) resistance derived from locally adapted germplasm has been used predominantly. Two soft red winter wheat cultivars, Massey and Ernie, have moderate resistance to FHB. Mapping populations derived from Becker/Massey (B/M) and Ernie/MO 94-317 (E/MO) were evaluated for FHB resistance and other traits in multiple environments. Eight QTL in B/M and five QTL in E/MO were associated with FHB variables including incidence, severity (SEV), index (IND), Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK), deoxynivalenol (DON), and morphological traits flowering time and plant height. Four QTL were common to both populations. Three of them were located at or near known genes: Ppd-D1 on chromosome 2DS, Rht-B1 on 4BS, and Rht-D1 on 4DS. Alleles for dwarf plant height (Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b) and photoperiod insensitivity (Ppd-D1a) had pleiotropic effects in reducing height and increasing FHB susceptibility. The other QTL detected for FHB variables were on 3BL in both populations, 1AS, 1DS, 2BL, and 4DL in B/M, and 5AL (B1) and 6AL in E/MO. The additive effects of FHB variables ranged from 0.4 mg kg(-1) of DON to 6.2 % for greenhouse (GH) SEV in B/M and ranged from 0.3 mg kg(-1) of DON to 8.3 % for GH SEV in E/MO. The 4DS QTL had epistasis with Ppd-D1, Qdon.umc-6AL, and Qht.umc-4BS, and additive x additive x environment interactions with the 4BS QTL for SEV, IND, and FDK in E/MO. Marker-assisted selection might be used to enhance FHB resistance through selection of favorable alleles of significant QTL, taking into account genotypes at Rht-B1b, Rht-D1a and Ppd-D1a. C1 [Liu, Shuyu; Griffey, Carl A.; Hall, Marla D.; Chen, Jianli; Brooks, Wynse S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [McKendry, Anne L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Van Sanford, David] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Schmale, David G.] Virginia Tech, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. RP Liu, SY (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM SLiu@ag.tamu.edu; CGriffey@vt.edu OI Schmale, David/0000-0002-7003-7429 FU Virginia Small Grains Board; Virginia Agricultural Council; US Department of Agriculture [59-0790-4-102] FX The authors thank P. Gundrum, N. McMaster, B. Will, J. Seago, G. Berger, M. Christopher, P. O'Boyle, M. Vaughn, R. Pitman, T. Lewis, D. Donavan, and D. Reaver from Virginia Tech for their technical support. Additional data were kindly provided by D. Tague from University of Missouri-Columbia, N. Mundell from University of Kentucky, J. Smith and M. Xiong from USDA-ARS genotyping center at Raleigh, NC. Funding for this project was provided by the Virginia Small Grains Board, the Virginia Agricultural Council, and the US Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-102. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 68 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 126 IS 10 BP 2485 EP 2498 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2149-y PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 224HJ UT WOS:000324873400005 PM 23832049 ER PT J AU Castro, P Stafne, ET Clark, JR Lewers, KS AF Castro, P. Stafne, E. T. Clark, J. R. Lewers, K. S. TI Genetic map of the primocane-fruiting and thornless traits of tetraploid blackberry SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID REPEAT SSR MARKERS; TUBEROSUM SUBSP TUBEROSUM; LINKAGE MAP; CONSTRUCTION; RASPBERRY; RED; L.; MICROSATELLITE; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE AB Blackberry primocane fruiting, fruiting on first-year canes, has the potential to expand blackberry production both seasonally and geographically. The incorporation of the primocane-fruiting trait into cultivars with desirable horticultural attributes is challenging due to its recessive nature and tetrasomic inheritance. Molecular marker-assisted selection has high potential to facilitate incorporation, because breeders already use morphological marker-assisted selection of seedlings without marginal cotyledonary hairs to identify progeny that will be thornless when mature. The development of a genetic linkage map with these two traits is the first step to utilizing molecular markers in breeding for thornless primocane-fruiting blackberry cultivars. A full-sib family segregating for thornlessness and primocane fruiting, from a cross between 'APF-12' and 'Arapaho', was used to construct the first genetic map of tetraploid blackberry. Segregation patterns of several dominant markers and the two phenotypic traits fit those expected uniquely with tetrasomic inheritance (e.g., 5:1, 11:1 and 35:1). Some loci showed significant double reduction frequencies, but genotypes that could have originated only from double reduction were not found. The map consists of seven linkage groups (LG) in each parent, consistent with the basic number of chromosomes (2n = 4x = 28). Naming of LG1-LG6 followed that of the recently revised system for raspberry using SSR markers in common between blackberry and raspberry, and LG7 was tentatively defined by default. The loci controlling primocane fruiting and thornlessness were not linked to each other; thornless/thorny, the S Locus, was mapped on LG4, and the primocane-/floricane-fruiting locus, named in this work the F Locus, on LG7. C1 [Castro, P.] IFAPA, Ctr Alameda Obispo Mejora & Biotecnol, Cordoba 14080, Spain. [Stafne, E. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Southern Branch, Expt Stn, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Clark, J. R.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Hort, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Lewers, K. S.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lewers, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 010A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Kim.Lewers@ars.usda.gov RI Castro, Patricia/A-9137-2015 OI Castro, Patricia/0000-0002-2598-9260 FU Andalusian Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IFAPA); European Social Fund (ESF); USDA-ARS [1245-21220-185-00]; University of Arkansas fruit breeding program FX P. Castro is grateful to Andalusian Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IFAPA) and European Social Fund (ESF) for a postdoctoral fellowship and the hosting institution of the fellowship, USDA-ARS-GIFVL. This project was partially funded by USDA-ARS Project 1245-21220-185-00 and by the University of Arkansas fruit breeding program. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or any of the other agencies involved in this research. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 126 IS 10 BP 2521 EP 2532 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2152-3 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 224HJ UT WOS:000324873400008 PM 23856741 ER PT J AU Xue, YD Warburton, ML Sawkins, M Zhang, XH Setter, T Xu, YB Grudloyma, P Gethi, J Ribaut, JM Li, WC Zhang, XB Zheng, YL Yan, JB AF Xue, Yadong Warburton, Marilyn L. Sawkins, Mark Zhang, Xuehai Setter, Tim Xu, Yunbi Grudloyma, Pichet Gethi, James Ribaut, Jean-Marcel Li, Wanchen Zhang, Xiaobo Zheng, Yonglian Yan, Jianbing TI Genome-wide association analysis for nine agronomic traits in maize under well-watered and water-stressed conditions SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID UNDERLYING DROUGHT TOLERANCE; COMPLEX TRAITS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; TROPICAL MAIZE; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; KINASE INHIBITORS; GRAIN-YIELD; SNP MARKERS; IMPROVEMENT; PLANTS AB Drought can cause severe reduction in maize production, and strongly threatens crop yields. To dissect this complex trait and identify superior alleles, 350 tropical and subtropical maize inbred lines were genotyped using a 1536-SNP array developed from drought-related genes and an array of 56,110 random SNPs. The inbred lines were crossed with a common tester, CML312, and the testcrosses were phenotyped for nine traits under well-watered and water-stressed conditions in seven environments. Using genome-wide association mapping with correction for population structure, 42 associated SNPs (P a parts per thousand currency sign 2.25 x 10(-6) 0.1/N) were identified, located in 33 genes for 126 trait x environment x treatment combinations. Of these genes, three were co-localized to drought-related QTL regions. Gene GRMZM2G125777 was strongly associated with ear relative position, hundred kernel weight and timing of male and female flowering, and encodes NAC domain-containing protein 2, a transcription factor expressed in different tissues. These results provide some good information for understanding the genetic basis for drought tolerance and further studies on identified candidate genes should illuminate mechanisms of drought tolerance and provide tools for designing drought-tolerant maize cultivars tailored to different environmental scenarios. C1 [Xue, Yadong; Zhang, Xuehai; Zhang, Xiaobo; Zheng, Yonglian; Yan, Jianbing] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Warburton, Marilyn L.] Mississippi State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Res Resistance Unit, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Sawkins, Mark; Ribaut, Jean-Marcel] Generat Challenge Program, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Setter, Tim] Cornell Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Xu, Yunbi] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Grudloyma, Pichet] NSFCRC, Takfa 60190, Nakhon Sawan, Thailand. [Gethi, James] KARI, RRC Mtwapa, Mtwapa, Kenya. [Li, Wanchen] Sichuan Agr Univ, Maize Res Inst, Yaan, Peoples R China. RP Yan, JB (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. EM yjianbing@mail.hzau.edu.cn FU Generation Challenge Program; National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China [2012AA10A307]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31101156] FX This research was supported by the Generation Challenge Program and the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2012AA10A307) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101156). NR 69 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 9 U2 80 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 126 IS 10 BP 2587 EP 2596 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2158-x PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 224HJ UT WOS:000324873400013 PM 23884600 ER PT J AU He, XY Skinnes, H Oliver, RE Jackson, EW Bjornstad, A AF He, Xinyao Skinnes, Helge Oliver, Rebekah E. Jackson, Eric W. Bjornstad, Asmund TI Linkage mapping and identification of QTL affecting deoxynivalenol (DON) content (Fusarium resistance) in oats (Avena sativa L.) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HEAD BLIGHT RESISTANCE; HEXAPLOID OAT; CULTIVATED OAT; SPECIES COMPLEX; DART MARKERS; WHEAT; MAP; BARLEY; GRAIN; MYCOTOXINS AB Mycotoxins caused by Fusarium spp. is a major concern on food and feed safety in oats, although Fusarium head blight (FHB) is often less apparent than in other small grain cereals. Breeding resistant cultivars is an economic and environment-friendly way to reduce toxin content, either by the identification of resistance QTL or phenotypic evaluation. Both are little explored in oats. A recombinant-inbred line population, Hurdal x Z595-7 (HZ595, with 184 lines), was used for QTL mapping and was phenotyped for 3 years. Spawn inoculation was applied and deoxynivalenol (DON) content, FHB severity, days to heading and maturity (DH and DM), and plant height (PH) were measured. The population was genotyped with DArTs, AFLPs, SSRs and selected SNPs, and a linkage map of 1,132 cM was constructed, covering all 21 oat chromosomes. A QTL for DON on chromosome 17A/7C, tentatively designated as Qdon.umb-17A/7C, was detected in all experiments using composite interval mapping, with phenotypic effects of 12.2-26.6 %. In addition, QTL for DON were also found on chromosomes 5C, 9D, 13A, 14D and unknown_3, while a QTL for FHB was found on 11A. Several of the DON/FHB QTL coincided with those for DH, DM and/or PH. A half-sib population of HZ595, Hurdal x Z615-4 (HZ615, with 91 lines), was phenotyped in 2011 for validation of QTL found in HZ595, and Qdon.umb-17A/7C was again localized with a phenotypic effect of 12.4 %. Three SNPs closely linked to Qdon.umb-17A/7C were identified in both populations, and one each for QTL on 5C, 11A and 13A were identified in HZ595. These SNPs, together with those yet to be identified, could be useful in marker-assisted selection to pyramiding resistance QTL. C1 [He, Xinyao; Skinnes, Helge; Bjornstad, Asmund] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, N-1432 As, Norway. [Oliver, Rebekah E.; Jackson, Eric W.] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Bjornstad, A (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, POB 5003, N-1432 As, Norway. EM asmund.bjornstad@umb.no FU Norwegian Research Council [178273]; Graminor Plant Breeding (the breeder of the Hurdal cultivar) FX This work was supported by grants from the Norwegian Research Council, Project number 178273, 'Safe grains: Mycotoxin prevention through resistant wheat and oats', with co-funding from Graminor Plant Breeding (the breeder of the Hurdal cultivar). The authors are very grateful to Drs. Outi Manninen and Pirjo Tanhuanpaa, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, for genotyping the HZ595 population with REMAPs; to Dr. Eric N. Jellen, Brigham Young University, for karyotyping Hurdal and Z595-7; and to Drs. Nicolas A. Tinker and Charlene P. Wight, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, for kindly providing the M5 program and technical instructions. In addition, the technical contributions from Qiongxian Lu and Anne Guri Maroy in the lab and Selamawit Tekle and Yalew Tarkegne in the field are highly acknowledged. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 126 IS 10 BP 2655 EP 2670 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2163-0 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 224HJ UT WOS:000324873400017 PM 23959525 ER PT J AU Davis, TZ Stegelmeier, BL Lee, ST Green, BT Hall, JO AF Davis, T. Z. Stegelmeier, B. L. Lee, S. T. Green, B. T. Hall, J. O. TI Experimental rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) toxicosis in horses SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Rayless goldenrod; Isocoma plunflora; Tremetone; Horses ID SNAKEROOT AGERATINA-ALTISSIMA; WHITE SNAKEROOT; EUPATORIUM URTICAEFOLIUM; CONSTITUENTS; TREMETONE; KETONES AB Rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) sporadically poisons horses and other livestock in the southwestern United States. Similar to livestock poisoning by white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) in the midwestern United States, previous research suggests that benzofuran ketones (BFK: tremetone, dehydrotremetone, 6-hydroxytremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone) are responsible for the toxicity of rayless goldenrod. However, experimental reproduction of rayless goldenrod-induced disease and detailed descriptions of poisoning in horses with known concentrations of tremetone and other BFK has not been documented. In this study four horses were fed increasing amounts of rayless goldenrod to obtain doses of approximately 0, 10, 30, and 60 mg BFI(/kg BW for 14 days. After seven days of dosing the horse dosed with 60 mg BFK/kg BW horse developed depression, reluctance to eat, dehydration, trembling, and muscle fatigue. Biochemical alterations including increases in the serum enzyme activities of CK, AST, ALT, and LDH, and increased cardiac troponin I concentration, were also identified. Physiologically the clinically poisoned horse had decreased endurance seen as reluctance to perform on the treadmill with increased resting heart rate and a prolonged recovery of heart rate following treadmill exercise. The condition of the horse continued to decline and it was euthanized and necropsied on day 10. At necropsy the myocardium was pale and soft and many of the appendicular and large apical muscles were pale and moist Histologically, the myocardium had extensive myocardial degeneration and necrosis with extensive fibrosis and multifocal mineralization. Several of the large appendicular muscles in this horse also had small foci of skeletal muscle degeneration and necrosis. Less severe myocardial changes were also identified in the horse dosed with 30 mg BFI(/kg BW after 14 days of dosing. No clinical, biochemical or histologic changes were identified in the control horse and the horse dosed with 10 mg BFK/kg BW. These results suggest that doses of 60 mg BFK/kg BW for seven days produce extensive myocardial lesions in horses. The horse dosed with 30 mg BFK/kg BW developed less severe, but similar myocardial lesions over a longer duration, this suggests that poisoning may be cumulative and lower doses of longer duration are also toxic. Horses seem to be uniquely sensitive to rayless goldenrod-induced myocardial disease, therefore cardiac troponin I may be a useful marker of rayless goldenrod poisoning in horses. More work is needed to determine which BFK produce myocardial toxicity and better determine the effects of dose and duration on poisoning in horses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davis, T. Z.; Stegelmeier, B. L.; Lee, S. T.; Green, B. T.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Hall, J. O.] Utah Vet Diagnost Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Davis, TZ (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Zane.Davis@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS FX The authors thank Katie Lott, Chuck Hailes, Joseph Jacobson and Ed Knoppel for their assistance with this research. We would also like to thank Dr. Ronald Box for his help in locating the rayless goldenrod used in this study. This research was supported by USDA/ARS. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD OCT PY 2013 VL 73 BP 88 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.06.018 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 222HV UT WOS:000324722700012 PM 23831837 ER PT J AU Korecky, J Klapste, J Lstiburek, M Kobliha, J Nelson, CD El-Kassaby, YA AF Korecky, Jiri Klapste, Jaroslav Lstiburek, Milan Kobliha, Jaroslav Nelson, C. Dana El-Kassaby, Yousry A. TI Comparison of genetic parameters from marker-based relationship, sibship, and combined models in Scots pine multi-site open-pollinated tests SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Marker-based pairwise relationship; Combined pedigree-marker-based relationship; Quantitative genetic parameters; Scots pine ID PAIRWISE RELATEDNESS; CORRELATION MATRIX; MOLECULAR MARKERS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; POPULATIONS; MICROSATELLITE; COEFFICIENTS; INFORMATION; HERITABILITY; VARIABILITY AB Nine microsatellite DNA markers (simple sequence repeats, SSRs) were used to estimate pairwise relationships among 597 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees as well as to generate a sibship structure for quantitative genetic parameters' estimation comparison. The studied trees were part of an open-pollinated progeny test of 102 first-generation parents. Three methods were used to estimate variance components and heritabilities, namely, structured pedigree (half- and full-sib), marker-based pairwise relationships (four pairwise estimators), and a combined pedigree and marker-based relationship. In each of the three methods, the same animal model was used to compute variances except when marker-based relationship was used wherein we substituted the average numerator relationship matrix (i.e., pedigree-based matrix) with that computed based on markers' pairwise relationships. Our results showed a high correlation in estimated breeding values between the pedigree (full-sib) and the combined marker-pedigree estimates. The marker-based relationship method produced high correlations when individual site data were analyzed. In contrast, the marker-based relationship method resulted in a significant decrease in both variance estimation and their standard errors which were in concordance with earlier published results; however, no estimates were produced when across-site analyses were attempted. We concluded that the combined pedigree method is the best approach as it represents the historical (pairwise) and contemporary (pedigree) relationships among the tested individuals, a situation that cannot be attained by any of the used methods individually. This method is dependent on the number and informativeness of the markers used. C1 [Korecky, Jiri; Klapste, Jaroslav; Lstiburek, Milan; Kobliha, Jaroslav] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Dept Dendrol & Forest Tree Breeding, Prague 16521, Czech Republic. [Klapste, Jaroslav; El-Kassaby, Yousry A.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Nelson, C. Dana] US Forest Serv, Southern Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. RP El-Kassaby, YA (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM y.el-kassaby@ubc.ca RI Lstiburek, Milan/G-5669-2010; Klapste, Jaroslav/B-6668-2016; El-Kassaby, Yousry/K-9856-2016 OI Lstiburek, Milan/0000-0002-6304-6669; Klapste, Jaroslav/0000-0001-5504-3735; El-Kassaby, Yousry/0000-0002-4887-8977 FU NAZV [QH81172, QH81160]; TACR [TA01020512]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Industrial Applied Forest Genetics and Biotechnology; USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station [SRS-05-IC-11330126-234] FX We would like to thank to T. Funda for his help with the selection of Scots pine primers. Funds from the NAZV (research grants no. QH81172 and QH81160) and the TACR (grant no. TA01020512) to M. Lstiburek and J. Kobliha and from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Industrial Applied Forest Genetics and Biotechnology to Y.A. El-Kassaby, and partial support provided by USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station through Cooperative Agreement SRS-05-IC-11330126-234 are hugely appreciated. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 5 BP 1227 EP 1235 DI 10.1007/s11295-013-0630-z PG 9 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 219NX UT WOS:000324514800008 ER PT J AU Wheeler, GS Mc Kay, F Vitorino, MD Williams, DA AF Wheeler, G. S. Mc Kay, F. Vitorino, M. D. Williams, D. A. TI Biology and host range of Omolabus piceus, a weevil rejected for biological control for Schinus terebinthifolius in the USA SO BIOCONTROL LA English DT Article DE Anacardiaceae; Attelabidae; Biological control of weeds; Gymnanthes klotzschiana, host range; Numts; Molecular analysis ID BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE; DNA; ANACARDIACEAE; ATTELABIDAE; COLEOPTERA; MORPHOLOGY; SEQUENCES; AGENT; GENUS; WEED AB Surveys for biological control agents of the invasive weed Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae) discovered two Omolabus weevils (Coleoptera: Attelabidae) feeding on the plant in its native range. Molecular and morphological analysis indicated that one of these species consistently fed on the target weed and the other species fed more broadly. Aspects of the biology and host range of the more specific species, Omolabus piceus (Germar) were examined to determine its suitability as a biological control agent of S. terebinthifolius in the USA. Adults feed on newly formed leaves, and eggs, larvae and pupae develop in curled fragments of leaves, called nidi. Larvae consumed an average of 11.3 (+/- 0.4) mg throughout their development which required 15.1 (+/- 0.2) days. An average of 31.6 (+/- 2.7) eggs were laid per female during their 23.8 (+/- 2.2) day lifetime, after a 3.4 (+/- 1.0) day preoviposition period. In no-choice tests, O. piceus adults fed and oviposited on all tested native North American, Caribbean and agricultural Anacardiaceae species except for M. indica. The field host-range of O. piceus, as determined by samples of host use in the native range, included three Schinus, two Lithrea and one Anacardium species. Therefore, we do not recommend O. piceus for biological control of S. terebinthifolius in the USA. However, the utilization of this species in other infested areas such as Hawaii and Australia should be considered. C1 [Wheeler, G. S.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Mc Kay, F.] Fdn Estudio Especies Invas, RA-1686 Hurlingham, Argentina. [Vitorino, M. D.] Univ Reg Blumenau, Fdn Programa Posgrad Engn Florestal PPGEF, BR-89012900 Blumenau, SC, Brazil. [Williams, D. A.] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA. RP Wheeler, GS (reprint author), ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM wheelerg@saa.ars.usda.gov RI Williams, Dean/H-6108-2016 OI Williams, Dean/0000-0002-9001-6019 FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission; South Florida Water Management District; United State Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX We wish to thank K. Dyer, USDA/ARS/IPRL for laboratory assistance and Dr. Hans-Joachim Esser (Botanische Staatssammlung Munchen) who assisted in G. klotzschiana identification. Weevil identifications were provided by Dr. C. O'Brien, Taxonomic consultant, Green Valley, AZ, USA. This manuscript was improved by the helpful comments J. Briano, Fundacion para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas and two anonymous reviewers. Brazilian insect collections were conducted under the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente permits 07BR001027/DF, 08BR002120/DF, 09BR003939/DF, and 10BR004731/DF issued to MV. Insects were introduced under quarantine with a USDA/APHIS permit P526P-07-06609 issued to GSW. Voucher specimens are deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods, DPI, FDACS, Gainesville, FL, USA; and USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, USA. This project was partially funded by Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, South Florida Water Management District, and United State Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6141 EI 1573-8248 J9 BIOCONTROL JI Biocontrol PD OCT PY 2013 VL 58 IS 5 BP 693 EP 702 DI 10.1007/s10526-013-9523-1 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 214CY UT WOS:000324109500012 ER PT J AU Lynn, K Daigle, J Hoffman, J Lake, F Michelle, N Ranco, D Viles, C Voggesser, G Williams, P AF Lynn, Kathy Daigle, John Hoffman, Jennie Lake, Frank Michelle, Natalie Ranco, Darren Viles, Carson Voggesser, Garrit Williams, Paul TI The impacts of climate change on tribal traditional foods SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; HUMAN HEALTH; SALMON; PERFORMANCE; ADAPTATION; SECURITY; DISEASE; MODELS; SYSTEM AB American Indian and Alaska Native tribes are uniquely affected by climate change. Indigenous peoples have depended on a wide variety of native fungi, plant and animal species for food, medicine, ceremonies, community and economic health for countless generations. Climate change stands to impact the species and ecosystems that constitute tribal traditional foods that are vital to tribal culture, economy and traditional ways of life. This paper examines the impacts of climate change on tribal traditional foods by providing cultural context for the importance of traditional foods to tribal culture, recognizing that tribal access to traditional food resources is strongly influenced by the legal and regulatory relationship with the federal government, and examining the multi-faceted relationship that tribes have with places, ecological processes and species. Tribal participation in local, regional and national climate change adaption strategies, with a focus on food-based resources, can inform and strengthen the ability of both tribes and other governmental resource managers to address and adapt to climate change impacts. C1 [Lynn, Kathy] Univ Oregon, Adjunct Res Fac, Environm Studies Program, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Daigle, John] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Hoffman, Jennie] EcoAdapt & Jennie Hoffman Res & Consulting, Poulsbo, WA 98370 USA. [Lake, Frank] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Michelle, Natalie] Univ Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Ranco, Darren] Univ Maine, Dept Anthropol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Viles, Carson] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Voggesser, Garrit] Natl Wildlife Federat, Tribal Partnerships Program, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Williams, Paul] Suquamish Indian Tribe, Suquamish, WA 98392 USA. RP Lynn, K (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Adjunct Res Fac, Environm Studies Program, 5223 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM kathy@uoregon.edu; hoffrau@gmail.com; franklake@fs.fed.us; pwilliams@suquamish.nsn.us OI Ranco, Darren/0000-0001-8214-8233 NR 63 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 103 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD OCT PY 2013 VL 120 IS 3 SI SI BP 545 EP 556 DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0736-1 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 216HB UT WOS:000324271700004 ER PT J AU Voggesser, G Lynn, K Daigle, J Lake, FK Ranco, D AF Voggesser, Garrit Lynn, Kathy Daigle, John Lake, Frank K. Ranco, Darren TI Cultural impacts to tribes from climate change influences on forests SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID INTERIOR ALASKA; NORTH-AMERICA; FIRE REGIMES; RESPONSES; WILDFIRE; SYSTEMS AB Climate change related impacts, such as increased frequency and intensity of wildfires, higher temperatures, extreme changes to ecosystem processes, forest conversion and habitat degradation are threatening tribal access to valued resources. Climate change is and will affect the quantity and quality of resources tribes depend upon to perpetuate their cultures and livelihoods. Climate impacts on forests are expected to directly affect culturally important fungi, plant and animal species, in turn affecting tribal sovereignty, culture, and economy. This article examines the climate impacts on forests and the resulting effects on tribal cultures and resources. To understand potential adaptive strategies to climate change, the article also explores traditional ecological knowledge and historical tribal adaptive approaches in resource management, and contemporary examples of research and tribal practices related to forestry, invasive species, traditional use of fire and tribal-federal coordination on resource management projects. The article concludes by summarizing tribal adaptive strategies to climate change and considerations for strengthening the federal-tribal relationship to address climate change impacts to forests and tribal valued resources. C1 [Voggesser, Garrit] Natl Wildlife Federat, Tribal Partnerships Program, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Lynn, Kathy] Univ Oregon, Environm Studies Program, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Daigle, John] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Lake, Frank K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Ranco, Darren] Univ Maine, Dept Anthropol, Native Amer Res, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Lynn, K (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Environm Studies Program, 5223 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM kathy@uoregon.edu; franklake@fs.fed.us OI Ranco, Darren/0000-0001-8214-8233 NR 64 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 52 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD OCT PY 2013 VL 120 IS 3 SI SI BP 615 EP 626 DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0733-4 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 216HB UT WOS:000324271700009 ER PT J AU Anderson, A Lindell, CA Moxcey, KM Siemer, WF Linz, GM Curtis, PD Carroll, JE Burrows, CL Boulanger, JR Steensma, KMM Shwiff, SA AF Anderson, A. Lindell, C. A. Moxcey, K. M. Siemer, W. F. Linz, G. M. Curtis, P. D. Carroll, J. E. Burrows, C. L. Boulanger, J. R. Steensma, K. M. M. Shwiff, S. A. TI Bird damage to select fruit crops: The cost of damage and the benefits of control in five states SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Fruit crops; Bird damage; Survey; Economics; Pest management ID DISTRESS CALLS; WINE GRAPES; VINEYARDS; ALARM AB Fruit loss to birds is a long-standing and costly problem for many producers. We conducted a survey of Honeycrisp apple, blueberry, cherry, and wine grape growers in California, Michigan, New York, Oregon, and Washington to estimate costs of bird damage and benefits of bird damage management. We also assessed grower perceptions of impacts on profits and effectiveness of bird management techniques. Current yield-loss estimates provided by growers and market price data were used to monetize current bird damage in each crop and growing region. Data on expected damage without management were used to estimate the benefits of bird damage management as it is currently being employed in the different crops and growing regions. We estimated that current bird damage costs per hectare ranged from $104 in Oregon tart cherries to $7267 in Washington Honeycrisp apples. Estimated benefits of bird management ranged from $299 per hectare in Oregon tart cherries to $36,851 in California blueberries. Aggregate bird damage in the five crops and states was estimated at $189 million, and the aggregate benefits of managing that damage were estimated at $737 million to $834 million. Growers viewed most techniques for bird damage management as ineffective, or only slightly effective, and a majority of blueberry and sweet cherry growers viewed bird damage as having a significant impact on profits. Enhancing the effectiveness of bird damage management would increase both the efficiency and profitability of fruit production. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Anderson, A.; Moxcey, K. M.; Shwiff, S. A.] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Lindell, C. A.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Siemer, W. F.; Curtis, P. D.; Carroll, J. E.; Boulanger, J. R.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Linz, G. M.] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA. [Burrows, C. L.] Washington State Univ, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Steensma, K. M. M.] Trinity Western Univ, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada. RP Anderson, A (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM aaron.m.anderson@aphis.usda.gov; lindellc@msu.edu; Karen.M.Moxcey@aphis.usda.gov; wfs1@cornell.edu; george.m.linz@aphis.usda.gov; pdc1@cornell.edu; jec3@cornell.edu; cburrows@wsu.edu; jrb69@cornell.edu; Steensma@twu.ca; Stephanie.A.Shwiff@aphis.usda.gov NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 52 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.05.019 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 205QJ UT WOS:000323459200016 ER PT J AU Webster, TM Scully, BT Grey, TL Culpepper, AS AF Webster, Theodore M. Scully, Brian T. Grey, Timothy L. Culpepper, A. Stanley TI Winter cover crops influence Amaranthus palmeri establishment SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Conservation tillage; Glyphosate-resistant weed; Herbicide resistance; Physical suppression; Mulch; Rolled cover crops ID CONSERVATION TILLAGE COTTON; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANCE; WEED MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN; RYE; RESIDUE; SOIL; IRRIGATION; IMPACT; AVAILABILITY AB Winter cover crops were evaluated for their effect on Amaranthus palmeri establishment and growth in cotton production. Cover crops examined included rye and four winter legumes: narrow-leaf lupine, crimson clover, Austrian winter pea, and cahaba vetch. Each legume was evaluated alone and in a mixture with rye. Cover crop biomass in monoculture was greatest for rye and lupine (>6750 kg ha(-1)), while clover, pea, and vetch were less and ranged from 2810 to 4610 kg ha(-1). Cover crop biomass was more than doubled when rye was mixed with clover or vetch relative to the legume monoculture. In early-June, A. palmeri densities were 46 seedlings m(-2) in the non-disturbed areas between cotton rows in the fallow, while populations were <4 seedlings m(-2) with rolled vetch or pea and 18 and 29 seedlings m(-2) in rolled clover and lupine. Rye and legume mixtures reduced A. palmeri densities to <3 seedlings m(-2), while rye monocultures had 8 seedlings m(-2). There were no differences in A. palmeri densities (>= 144 plants m(-2)) in the cotton row among cover crop treatments. By late-June, rye and winter pea controlled A. palmeri in the row middle >80% relative to the non-cover crop fallow treatment, while control from clover, vetch and lupine ranged from 64 to 70%. The relationship between A. palmeri control in between cotton rows and cover crop biomass was described by a log-logistic regression model with 4530 kg ha(-1) providing median weed control (Bio(50)); predicted A. palmeri control was 25, 50, and 75% from 2950, 4900, and 8600 kg ha(-1) cover crop biomass, respectively. However, A. palmeri plants in the cotton rows prevented yield production in the absence of herbicides. Where A. palmeri was controlled with herbicides, the highest yields occurred following rye, with lower yields following lupin/rye mixture and treatments including pea. Management of herbicide resistant weed species requires diverse management tactics; this may include high-biomass cover crops to reduce weed establishment between crop rows. However, greater research effort is needed to devise weed management options for the crop row that do not rely exclusively on the diminishing array of herbicide tools. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Webster, Theodore M.; Scully, Brian T.] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Grey, Timothy L.; Culpepper, A. Stanley] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Webster, TM (reprint author), ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, 2747 Davis Rd, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM ted.webster@ars.usda.gov RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 53 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 52 BP 130 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.05.015 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 205QJ UT WOS:000323459200020 ER PT J AU Hu, XJ Roberts, DP Xie, LH Maul, JE Yu, CB Li, YS Zhang, SJ Liao, X AF Hu, Xiaojia Roberts, Daniel P. Xie, Lihua Maul, Jude E. Yu, Changbing Li, Yinshui Zhang, Shujie Liao, Xing TI Bacillus megaterium A6 suppresses Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on oilseed rape in the field and promotes oilseed rape growth SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Bacillus megaterium; Biological control; Formulation; Oilseed rape; Plant growth promotion; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CONIOTHYRIUM-MINITANS; SUBTILIS TU-100; PLANT-DISEASES; BIOCONTROL; SOIL; LIPOPEPTIDES; PSEUDOMONAS; BACTERIA; MICROORGANISMS AB Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes serious yield losses in oilseed rape and other crops worldwide. Field trials were conducted at two locations to evaluate two formulations of oilseed rape seed containing the plant-growth promoting bacterium Bacillus megaterium A6 for suppression of this pathogen. Treatments containing strain A6 in pellet and in wrap formulations resulted in oilseed rape seed yields that were similar to the chemical control and significantly greater than the untreated seed control at both locations. Treatments containing A6 in pellet and wrap formulations also resulted in an incidence of disease caused by S. sclerotiorum that was similar to the chemical control. Both of these treatments significantly decreased disease incidence relative to the untreated seed control and to the respective formulated seed controls (that did not contain strain A6) at both locations. Strain A6 applied to oilseed rape seed in these two formulations promoted growth in greenhouse pot studies conducted with autoclaved soil. In two experiments, these treatments resulted in significant increases in mean shoot dry weight per pot and mean % total N per plant relative to their respective controls containing formulated oilseed rape seed without strain A6 and to the untreated seed control. Both formulations provided stable B. megaterium A6 (>= 10(6) CFU) and seed germination (>85%) over a six month period at room temperature. Experiments reported here indicate the commercial potential of these formulations of B. megaterium A6 for suppression of S. sclerotiorum on oilseed rape. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hu, Xiaojia; Xie, Lihua; Yu, Changbing; Li, Yinshui; Zhang, Shujie; Liao, Xing] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China. [Roberts, Daniel P.; Maul, Jude E.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Roberts, DP (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dan.roberts@ars.usda.gov; liaox@oilcrops.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30870451]; Introducing International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology Program [2011-Z2]; National Scientific Support Program of China [2010BAD01B05-03] FX The authors thank Sarah Emche, USDA-ARS, Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory for excellent technical assistance. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 30870451), by the Introducing International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology Program (contract number 2011-Z2), and by Special Funds from the National Scientific Support Program of China (contract number 2010BAD01B05-03). NR 45 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 52 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.05.018 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 205QJ UT WOS:000323459200023 ER PT J AU Lautenbach, S Volk, M Strauch, M Whittaker, G Seppelt, R AF Lautenbach, Sven Volk, Martin Strauch, Michael Whittaker, Gerald Seppelt, Ralf TI Optimization-based trade-off analysis of biodiesel crop production for managing an agricultural catchment SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE River basin management; Water quality; Bioenergy; Land use; Genetic algorithm; Crop rotation schemes ID EVOLUTIONARY MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION; WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; LAND-USE PATTERNS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; MODEL CALIBRATION; DECISION-SUPPORT; MANAGEMENT; LANDSCAPE; BIOENERGY; BIOFUELS AB Political agendas worldwide include increased production of biofuel, which multiplies the trade-offs among conflicting objectives, including food and fodder production, water quantity, water quality, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Quantification of trade-offs among objectives in bioenergy crop production is most frequently accomplished by a comparison of a limited number of plausible scenarios. Here we analyze biophysical trade-offs among bioenergy crop production based on rape seed, food crop production, water quantity, and water quality in the Parthe catchment in Central Germany. Based on an integrated river basin model (SWAT) and a multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), we estimated Pareto optimal frontiers among multiple objectives. Results indicate that the same level of bioenergy crop production can be achieved at different costs with respect to the other objectives. Intermediate rapeseed production does not lead to strong trade-offs with water quality and low flow if a reduction of food and fodder production can be accepted. Compared to solutions focused on maximizing food and fodder yield, solutions with intermediate rapeseed production even improve with respect to water quality and low flow. If rapeseed production is further increased, negative effects on low flow prevail. The major achievement of the optimization approach is the quantification of the functional trade-offs for the feasible range of all objectives. The application of the approach provides the results of what is in effect an infinite number of scenarios. We offer a general methodology that may be used to support recommendations for the best way to achieve certain goals, and to compare the optimal outcomes given different policy preferences. In addition, visualization options of the resulting non-dominated solutions are discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lautenbach, Sven] Univ Bonn, Inst Geodesy & Geoinformat, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Lautenbach, Sven; Volk, Martin; Strauch, Michael; Seppelt, Ralf] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Computat Landscape Ecol, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Strauch, Michael] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Soil Sci & Site Ecol, D-01737 Tharandt, Germany. [Whittaker, Gerald] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Seppelt, Ralf] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Fac Nat Sci 3, Inst Geosci, Halle, Germany. RP Lautenbach, S (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Inst Geodesy & Geoinformat, Nussallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. EM sven.lautenbach@uni-bonn.de RI Lautenbach, Sven/C-1235-2010; Volk, Martin/F-1172-2010; Strauch, Michael/P-1895-2015 OI Lautenbach, Sven/0000-0003-1825-9996; Volk, Martin/0000-0003-0064-8133; Strauch, Michael/0000-0002-9872-6904 FU Helmholtz Programme "Terrestrial Environmental Research" FX The work was funded by the Helmholtz Programme "Terrestrial Environmental Research" (Seppelt et al., 2009). This paper is an extended version of a proceedings paper presented at the IEMSs 2012 Conference (http://www.iemss.org/sites/iemss2012/) in Leipzig. Susanne Muhlner, Felix Witting and Christian Dietrich from the UFZ gave valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the colleagues from State Agency for Environmental and Agricultural Operations in Saxony (BfUL) for providing mean daily discharge data and climate data. Furthermore, we thank the colleagues from the Regional Council Leipzig for providing the monthly sampled water quality data of the gauge Thekla. Gudrun Schuhmann, from the UFZ helped to process the data. Ben Langenberg from the UFZ provide us support which enabled us to run our analysis on the high performance computing system of the UFZ. We thank three anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments that greatly improved an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 80 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 88 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 BP 98 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.06.006 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 212WK UT WOS:000324013300009 ER PT J AU Guzman, JA Moriasi, DN Chu, ML Starks, PJ Steiner, JL Gowda, PH AF Guzman, J. A. Moriasi, D. N. Chu, M. L. Starks, P. J. Steiner, J. L. Gowda, P. H. TI A tool for mapping and spatio-temporal analysis of hydrological data SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Integrated environmental modeling; Spatio-temporal analysis; Hydrological modeling; Data visualization; Geospatial software; GIS ID MODEL; REPRESENTATION; UNCERTAINTY; SCALE; TIME AB There is a need in water sciences for computational tools to integrate large spatially distributed datasets to provide insight into the spatial and temporal domains of the data while allowing visualization, analysis in the spatial and temporal dimensions, data metrics, and pattern recognition in the same application. Spatial and temporal variability of hydrological processes as well as the associated phenomena transport is better represented in high spatio-temporal resolution datasets. A conceptual data model and analysis tool, SPELLmap, was developed at the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Grazinglands Research Laboratory using the Delphi programming language to rapidly process, manipulate, analyze, and visualize large geo-located datasets. SPELLmap integrates the spatial and temporal domains of hydrological data to perform analyses in space and time while providing data metrics. SPELLmap has the capacity to represent three or four dimensional problems using a layer data structure. Three examples to illustrate SPELLmap functionalities were provided for the raster and raster-to-network domains. SPELLmap can be used for data interpolation, visualization, gridding, pattern recognition, and data metrics in integrated environmental modeling problems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Guzman, J. A.; Moriasi, D. N.; Starks, P. J.; Steiner, J. L.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Chu, M. L.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Gowda, P. H.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Guzman, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM jorge.guzman@ars.usda.gov OI Moriasi, Daniel N/0000-0002-3389-3277; GUZMAN, Jorge A/0000-0002-7734-5723; Chu, Ma Librada/0000-0003-3732-7165 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service FX Development of the SPELLmap was funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service. We thank S. Jerrod Smith from the U.S. Geological Survey water science center in Oklahoma who provides the digital elevation model from the west central Oklahoma. Also, the authors recognize the valuable comments provided by anonymous reviewers during the peer-review process that substantially resulted in an improved quality of this paper. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.06.014 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 212WK UT WOS:000324013300014 ER PT J AU Suo, BA He, YP Irwin, P Gehring, A AF Suo, Biao He, Yiping Irwin, Peter Gehring, Andrew TI Optimization and Application of a Custom Microarray for the Detection and Genotyping of E. coli O157:H7 in Fresh Meat Samples SO FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Microarray; Pathogen; Detection; Genotyping; E. coli O157:H7 ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; PATHOGEN DETECTION; DNA MICROARRAYS; SHIGA; PRODUCTS; CHAIN AB DNA microarrays are promising high-throughput tools for multiple pathogen detection. Currently, the performance and cost of this platform has limited its broad application in identifying microbial contaminants in foods. In this study, an optimized custom DNA microarray with flexibility in design and content for foodborne pathogen detection was developed through the systematic evaluation of spotting buffers, probe lengths, scanning conditions, and nucleic acid amplification and labeling strategies. Briefly, by robotic contact printing, a spotting solution of 50 % dimethylsulfoxide produced uniform and high-quality spots on UltraGAPS glass slides coated with aminopropyl silane. The use of 60 % photomultiplier tube gain in scanning similar to 70-mer oligonucleotide probes resulted in strong signals and low background. For sample preparation, multiplex PCR amplification coupled with fluorescent labeling of DNA using the Klenow fragment and random hexamers achieved higher specificity than whole genome random amplification. To minimize the cost of the assay, the quantities of probes, Klenow fragment, and Cy5 were substantially reduced in each assay without noticeably affecting the detection efficiency. Applying the optimized microarray assay to 26 fresh meat samples, three different isolates of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were found in four individual packages, demonstrating that the assay has a great potential for identifying and genotyping multiple pathogens in a real food system. C1 [Suo, Biao] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [He, Yiping; Irwin, Peter; Gehring, Andrew] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP He, YP (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM yiping.he@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1204331]; Science and Technology Department of Henan Province [122102310310] FX We would like to acknowledge the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. U1204331), and the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province (grant No. 122102310310) for supporting this research. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1936-9751 J9 FOOD ANAL METHOD JI Food Anal. Meth. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 6 IS 5 BP 1477 EP 1484 DI 10.1007/s12161-013-9639-z PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 216GW UT WOS:000324271200028 ER PT J AU Banwell, EM Varner, JM Knapp, EE Van Kirk, RW AF Banwell, Erin M. Varner, J. Morgan Knapp, Eric E. Van Kirk, Robert W. TI Spatial, seasonal, and diel forest floor moisture dynamics in Jeffrey pine-white fir forests of the Lake Tahoe Basin, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Abies concolor; Duff; Mixed-conifer; Pinus jeffreyi; Sierra Nevada; Time lag ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; SEQUOIA-NATIONAL-PARK; PRESCRIBED-FIRE; TREE MORTALITY; PONDEROSA PINE; DUFF CONSUMPTION; FUEL REDUCTION; BOREAL FOREST; DRYING RATES AB Variation in consumption of forest floor fuels in temperate coniferous forests have been linked to variation in fire effects, including mineral soil heating, tree mortality, and erosion. Moisture content of forest floor fuels influences consumption and therefore is a primary predictor of fire behavior and effects. To better understand spatial and temporal variability in forest floor moisture, we collected fuels from each forest floor horizon, cones, and woody fuels in four long-unburned Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi) - white fir (Abies concolor) stands within the Lake Tahoe Basin, USA. To isolate the effects of spatial position within a stand, fuel moisture was measured at the base of trees, beneath the crown drip line, and beyond the crown in open gaps across a fire season. We compared spatial moisture dynamics at the m(2), ha, and Basin scales and temporal dynamics at the day (one 24-h sampling period), month, and year scales (one site was measured in 2009 and 2010). Duff moisture varied spatially within stands, whereas moisture in litter, cones, and woody fuels did not. Forest floor moisture differed between years while woody fuel moisture did not. The variability in field results underscore the importance of measuring duff moisture content, as well as 10-h woody fuel moisture. A better understanding of the complexity of forest fuels will help land managers manage fire in Tahoe Basin forests and inform the understanding of fuels dynamics in other temperate coniferous forests. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Banwell, Erin M.; Varner, J. Morgan] Humboldt State Univ, Wildland Fire Lab, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Knapp, Eric E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Van Kirk, Robert W.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Math, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Banwell, EM (reprint author), 3060 NE Monterey Dr, Roseburg, OR 97470 USA. EM banwelle@gmail.com; mvarner@cfr.msstate.edu; eknapp@fs.fed.us; rwv1@humboldt.edu FU Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act (SNPLMA) FX This study was funded by Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act (SNPLMA) to A. Stubblefield et al. We thank C. Madden, J. Szecsei, A. Geritz, B. Banwell, E. Taylor, S. Banwell, E. Engber, and M. Cocking for assistance with field data collection and laboratory work. A. Stubblefield and C. Madden provided advice on study design. J. Kreye provided thoughtful comments on data analysis and an earlier version of the manuscript. Two anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments. NR 71 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 305 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.005 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215PM UT WOS:000324222800002 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Walters, BF Oswalt, SN Domke, GM Toney, C Gray, AN AF Woodall, C. W. Walters, B. F. Oswalt, S. N. Domke, G. M. Toney, C. Gray, A. N. TI Biomass and carbon attributes of downed woody materials in forests of the United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Coarse woody debris; Fine woody debris; Carbon; Biomass; United States; Forests ID DEAD WOOD; PONDEROSA PINE; WILDLAND FUELS; ACADIAN FOREST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DOUGLAS-FIR; OLD-GROWTH; DEBRIS; USA; DYNAMICS AB Due to burgeoning interest in the biomass/carbon attributes of forest downed and dead woody materials (DWMs) attributable to its fundamental role in the carbon cycle, stand structure/diversity, bioenergy resources, and fuel loadings, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has conducted a nationwide field-based inventory of DWM. Using the national DWM inventory, attributes (e.g., carbon stock totals and biomass density) were summarized by state and common tree species along with evaluations of residue pile metrics and relationships between DWM and other stand attributes (e.g., live tree biomass, relative density, and climate). Results indicate that DWM are ubiquitous in US forests with individual components (e.g., fine woody debris and piles) varying by region as influenced by endemic ecosystem dynamics and management practices. Eastern forests, particularly in the southeast, have fine woody debris and residue piles biomass densities that often exceed those of west coast forests. Rocky Mountain forests have coarse woody biomass densities approaching those of west coast forests, which have the largest amounts nationally. There is a complex relationship between the standing dead, standing live, and down dead wood biomass densities per unit area in the context of changing stand relative densities and average annual precipitation/minimum temperatures. As evidenced by this initial exploration, a publicly available national dataset comprised of DWM attributes may inform decision makers with objective estimates of DWM resources and facilitate further DWM dynamics research. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Woodall, C. W.; Walters, B. F.; Domke, G. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Oswalt, S. N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Toney, C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Gray, A. N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214; Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 NR 70 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 305 BP 48 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.030 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215PM UT WOS:000324222800006 ER PT J AU Holub, SM Terry, TA Harrington, CA Harrison, RB Meade, R AF Holub, Scott M. Terry, Thomas A. Harrington, Constance A. Harrison, Robert B. Meade, Rod TI Tree growth ten years after residual biomass removal, soil compaction, tillage, and competing vegetation control in a highly-productive Douglas-fir plantation SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Residual biomass removal; Soil compaction; LTSP; Soil productivity; Competing vegetation control; Sustainability ID COASTAL WASHINGTON; STAND-DENSITY; NITROGEN; INDEX; AVAILABILITY; RESPONSES; FORESTS; BOREAL AB Forest residual biomass harvesting is a potential concern in regions where this primarily branch and needle material is removed to provide a source of renewable energy or where total-tree yarding takes place. Concern arises from the removal of nutrients present in residual biomass, as well as from heavy equipment trafficking used to collect the material. The Fall River Long-term Soil Productivity (LTSP) Trial in western Washington State, USA was designed to study potential impacts on Douglas-fir tree growth of residual biomass removal on a productive soil in the Pacific Northwest region. The objective of this investigation was to examine the effects of residual biomass removal, soil compaction, tillage following compaction, and competing vegetation control on subsequent stand productivity through 10 growing seasons. The size and growth rate of Douglas-fir trees planted in the Fall River LTSP Trial were not significantly affected by any residual biomass removal level, indicating substantial resilience to high levels of residual biomass harvest at this productive site with deep, nutrient-rich soil. Soil compaction, without other soil disturbance or displacement, had no negative effects on tree growth or tree size over the 10-year growing period. Tillage following soil compaction also led to a modest, but not significant, increase in tree growth and size. In the years during and shortly after complete vegetation control, trees grew faster and were larger where non-tree vegetative competition was reduced. Water availability during the growing season appears to be a growth-limiting factor at this site where annual precipitation is high but very little falls during the summer growing season. Tree growth will continued to be monitored to see how the trees will respond to the treatments as inter-tree competition and crown biomass increase water and nutrient demand. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Holub, Scott M.] Weyerhaeuser NR Co, Springfield, OR 97477 USA. [Terry, Thomas A.] Sustainable Solut, Olympia, WA 98516 USA. [Harrington, Constance A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Harrison, Robert B.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Meade, Rod] Weyerhaeuser NR Co, Western Forestry Res Ctr, Centralia, WA 98531 USA. RP Holub, SM (reprint author), Weyerhaeuser NR Co, POB 275, Springfield, OR 97477 USA. EM scott.holub@weyerhaeuser.com FU Weyerhaeuser NR Company; National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI); USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station FX Funding for the installation, ongoing maintenance, and measurement of the study was provided by Weyerhaeuser NR Company, the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI) and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station. This study is a product of the Sustainable Forestry Component of Agenda 2020, a joint effort of the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Research and Development Program and the American Forest and Paper Association. Numerous individuals from the above organizations and from the University of Washington provided input to and assistance with the study. Statistical consulting on this manuscript was provided by Weyerhaeuser's Statistics, Mathematics and Operations Research group, and David Marshall. We also acknowledge thorough reviews by Julie D. Spears and two anonymous reviewers. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 305 BP 60 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.031 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215PM UT WOS:000324222800007 ER PT J AU You, SJ Liu, JF Huang, DC Ke, FS Vasseur, L Gurr, GM Clarke, SR Sun, JH Wu, KM You, MS AF You, Shijun Liu, Jianfeng Huang, Dechao Ke, Fushi Vasseur, Liette Gurr, Geoff M. Clarke, Stephen R. Sun, Jianghua Wu, Kongming You, Minsheng TI A review of the mealybug Oracella acuta: Invasion and management in China and potential incursions into other countries SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Pine forest; Pest; Bio-security; Control ID PINE SEED ORCHARDS; PSEUDOCOCCIDAE; POPULATIONS; HOMOPTERA AB The mealybug, Oracella acuta Lobdell, is native to southern USA. It was unintentionally introduced to Guangdong Province, southern China, in 1988 as a result of the importation of infested scions of slash pine, Pinus elliottii Engelm. Infestations were first detected in 1990, rapidly spreading in P. elliottii plantations throughout Guangdong and inflicting severe damage. The mealybug has damaged or threatened both native and introduced pine species in its invaded range because of the suitability of climate, presence of hosts as well as the lack of effective natural enemies. In this paper, we review the current literature and government reports and data to summarize the history, present status and ecology of the species. We then analyze the potential O. acuta invasion in Asia. Available studies are mostly centered on the invasion timing and pathway of this species from USA to China, its current distribution in China, the biological and ecological traits of the species, damage and impacts on forests and ecosystems, and the strategies for its prevention and control. There remain substantial gaps in scientific knowledge of the invasion mechanisms and cost-effective measures for early detection and practical management of O. acuta, including options for biological control. Research on these aspects is required in order to prevent further spread of this pest in China and neighboring countries, and to provide better management in invaded regions. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [You, Shijun; Ke, Fushi; Vasseur, Liette; Gurr, Geoff M.; Wu, Kongming; You, Minsheng] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Inst Appl Ecol, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China. [You, Shijun] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Liu, Jianfeng] Guangdong Forestry Adm Off, Forestry Pest Control & Quarantine Management Off, Guangzhou 510001, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Huang, Dechao] Guangdong Agr Adm Off, Dept Plant Protect, Guangzhou 510001, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Vasseur, Liette] Brock Univ, Dept Biol Sci, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. [Gurr, Geoff M.] Charles Sturt Univ, EH Graham Ctr, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia. [Clarke, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Lufkin, TX USA. [Sun, Jianghua] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Wu, Kongming] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. RP Wu, KM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM sjyou9@hotmail.com; jfeng@foxmail.com; huangdchao@126.com; fjkfs@163.com; lvasseur@brocku.ca; geoff.gurr@gmail.com; sclarke@fs.fed.us; sunjh@ioz.ac.cn; kongmingwu@hotmail.com; msyou@iae.fjau.edu.cn OI Gurr, Geoff/0000-0001-5008-7966 FU national-wide survey program of invasive species in China [2006FY111000-02]; key program for the monitoring and prevention of invasive species in Fujian Province, China [2006NZ0002-2]; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fujian Provincial Government FX This project was financially supported by a national-wide survey program of invasive species in China (2006FY111000-02), a key program for the monitoring and prevention of invasive species in Fujian Province, China (2006NZ0002-2) to Minsheng You, and a scholarship from Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University to Shijun You. We are very grateful to Ms. Zhiping Pan, and Drs. Weiyi He, Sheng Lin and Fengluan Yao for their help in searching for some valuable literature in relation to the invasion, biology, infestation and management of O. acuta. Special thanks also to Dr. Feiping Zhang and Mr. Qiang Lin for their valuable help in getting the official statistics from the Forestry Administration of Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan and Jiangxi Provinces in China. Catherine Gulliver of Charles Sturt University is thanked for assistance with manuscript preparation. GMG and LV are supported by the Mingjian Scholar program of the Fujian Provincial Government. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 305 BP 96 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.024 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215PM UT WOS:000324222800011 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MK DeCesare, NJ Jimenez, BS Copeland, JP Melquist, WE AF Schwartz, Michael K. DeCesare, Nicholas J. Jimenez, Benjamin S. Copeland, Jeffrey P. Melquist, Wayne E. TI Stand- and landscape-scale selection of large trees by fishers in the Rocky Mountains of Montana and Idaho SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Endangered species; Forest ecology; Habitat selection; Landscape ecology; Martes pennanti; Threatened species ID CENTRAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; MARTES-PENNANTI; SIERRA-NEVADA; CALIFORNIA; FOREST; HABITAT; AVAILABILITY; USA; WASHINGTON; CLIMATE AB The fisher (Pekania pennanti; formerly known as Martes pennanti) is a North American endemic mustelid with a geographic distribution that spans much of the boreal forests of North America. In the Northern Rocky Mountain (NRM) fishers have been the focus of Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing decisions. Habitat studies of West Coast fishers in California have consistently identified late-successional forests as important, providing direct implications for forest management and fisher conservation. In the NRM range very little is known about the habitat selection patterns of fishers relative to forest age and species composition, yet ESA petitioners have repeatedly listed habitat loss and destruction as the primary threat to fisher persistence. Between 2002 and 2006 we studied NRM fishers in the Clearwater sub-basin and eastern slope of the Bitterroot-Selway Ecosystem in Idaho and Montana. We used radio-telemetry locations from collared fishers to document fisher habitat use. We developed candidate models describing tree size, species composition, canopy closure, structural diversity, and topography to assess patterns of habitat selection relative to topographic and vegetative predictor variables measured at both stand and landscape scales. Support for these models was evaluated using Akaike Information Criteria. Fishers disproportionately used both stand sites and regional landscapes characterized by large diameter trees and avoided areas with ponderosa (a shade-intolerant species characteristic of xeric sites in the NRM) and lodgepole pine according to our best supported model. These results are consistent with other studies in the western US and Canada where large trees were deemed important, although we show that this selection in the Rocky Mountains occurs at multiple scales. These results highlight the importance of late-successional forests, consistent with a recent conservation strategy for fishers, and the importance of both stand- and landscape-level factors when directing forest management of fisher habitat in the US Rocky Mountains. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Schwartz, Michael K.; Jimenez, Benjamin S.; Copeland, Jeffrey P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [DeCesare, Nicholas J.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Melquist, Wayne E.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Schwartz, MK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM mkschwartz@fs.fed.us; ndecesare@mt.gov; benjimenezfwp@gmail.com; tetoncopes@gmail.com; lutralair@gmail.com RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 305 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.014 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215PM UT WOS:000324222800012 ER PT J AU Scowcroft, PG Yeh, JT AF Scowcroft, Paul G. Yeh, Justin T. TI Passive restoration augments active restoration in deforested landscapes: The role of root suckering adjacent to planted stands of Acacia koa SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Reforestation; Subtropical montane moist forest; Root sprouting; Clonal expansion of trees; Secondary forest; Abandoned pasture ID FOREST RESTORATION; TROPICAL FORESTS; GROWTH; INVASION; ECOLOGY; HAWAII; SLOPE; TREES; LIMITATIONS; ECOSYSTEMS AB Active forest restoration in Hawaii's Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge has produced a network of Acacia koa tree corridors and islands in deforested grasslands. Passive restoration by root suckering has potential to expand tree cover and close gaps between planted stands. This study documents rates of encroachment into grassland, clonal stand structure, and tree architecture. Data were collected from random replicate strip transects that started inside 23-year-old koa plantations and ended either in open grassland or in adjacent planted stands. For the former, sucker densities increased from near zero inside planted stands to a maximum of 5-38 stems m(-2) 5-14 m away from the edge of the plantation canopy, and then decreased to zero-a typical pattern for trees invading grassland. No suckers occurred more than 28 m from the canopy edge on east-facing slopes, or more than 18 m on south-facing slopes. Rates of expansion into grassland ranged from 0.8 to 1.5 m yr(-1); suckers had already filled gaps between closely spaced plantation stands located on north-facing slopes. Continued suckering should result in the eventual re-establishment of tree cover on deforested areas between planted tree islands and corridors, and without additional active restoration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Scowcroft, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Yeh, Justin T.] Univ Hawaii, Coll Arts & Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Scowcroft, PG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, 60 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM pscowcroft@fs.fed.us; jtyeh@hawaii.edu FU Fish and Wildlife Service [SUP 12516-11008] FX We thank Jason Hanley, Fish and Wildlife Service, for providing funding for the summer interns; Refuge managers Jim Kraus and James Glynn for issuing the Special Use Permit (SUP 12516-11008) and granting access to the study site; Sharon Ziegler-Chong, Moana Ching, and Noe Puniwai for administering and coordinating the UHH Pacific Internship Program for Exploring Science; Cheyenne Perry, Ciera Ganter, Kastino Roby, Aaron Osorio, Brandie Iyo, and Manoa Johandsome for their assistance with data collecting; Dr. Jim Baldwin for writing R scripts for GAM analyses; and Drs. Jack Ewel, Jianwei Zhang, Giselda Durigan and four anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 305 BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.027 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215PM UT WOS:000324222800016 ER PT J AU Keane, RE Herynk, JM Toney, C Urbanski, SP Lutes, DC Ottmar, RD AF Keane, Robert E. Herynk, Jason M. Toney, Chris Urbanski, Shawn P. Lutes, Duncan C. Ottmar, Roger D. TI Evaluating the performance and mapping of three fuel classification systems using Forest Inventory and Analysis surface fuel measurements SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fuel loading model; Fuel Characteristics Classification System; Fuel Type Groups; LANDFIRE fuel mapping; Fire effects inputs; Surface fuel loadings ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; WILDLAND FUELS; UNITED-STATES; FIRE MANAGEMENT; MULTIPLE SCALES; LANDFIRE; ECOSYSTEMS; PROJECT; USA AB Fuel Loading Models (FLMs) and Fuel Characteristic Classification System (FCCSs) fuelbeds are used throughout wildland fire science and management to simplify fuel inputs into fire behavior and effects models, but they have yet to be thoroughly evaluated with field data. In this study, we used a large dataset of Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) surface fuel estimates (n = 13,138) to create a new fuel classification called Fuel Type Groups (FTGs) from FIA forest type groups, and then keyed an FLM, FCCS, and FTG class to each FIA plot based on fuel loadings and stand conditions. We then compared FIA sampled loadings to the keyed class loading values for four surface fuel components (duff, litter, fine woody debris, coarse woody debris) and to mapped FLM, FCCS, and FTG class loading values from spatial fuel products. We found poor performances (R-2 < 0.30) for most fuel component loadings in all three classifications that, in turn, contributed to poor mapping accuracies. The main reason for the poor performances is the high variability of the four fuel component loadings within classification categories and the inherent scale of this variability does not seem to match the FIA measurement scale or LANDFIRE mapping scale. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Herynk, Jason M.] SEM LLC, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Toney, Chris] US Forest Serv, Forest Anal & Inventory Program, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Urbanski, Shawn P.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Lutes, Duncan C.] US Forest Serv, Fire Modeling Inst, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Ottmar, Roger D.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Keane, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Highway 10 West, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM rkeane@fs.fed.us; jherynk@fs.fed.us; ctoney@fs.fed.us; surbanski@fs.fed.us; dlutes@fs.fed.us; rottmar@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis program; LANDFIRE project; National Fire Plan FX We thank the USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis program, the LANDFIRE project, and the National Fire Plan for project support, data, and funding. Portions of this work were performed under the terms of an interagency agreement between the LANDFIRE program and the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program in support of fuel load mapping in LANDFIRE. We also thank Allissa Corrow for initial analyses and technical help; Don Long and Matt Reeves, US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, for technical review. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 305 BP 248 EP 263 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.001 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 215PM UT WOS:000324222800028 ER PT J AU Azzi, A AF Azzi, Angelo TI Obituary Paola Palozza SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Azzi, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1071-5762 J9 FREE RADICAL RES JI Free Radic. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 47 IS 10 BP 773 EP 773 DI 10.3109/10715762.2013.829572 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 219AV UT WOS:000324477000001 ER PT J AU Wang, H Coates, BS Chen, H Sappington, TW Guillemaud, T Siegfried, BD AF Wang, H. Coates, B. S. Chen, H. Sappington, T. W. Guillemaud, T. Siegfried, B. D. TI Role of a gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) receptor mutation in the evolution and spread of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera resistance to cyclodiene insecticides SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE population genetics; range expansion; single nucleotide polymorphism; western corn rootworm; insecticide resistance ID WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; MULTIPLE TRANSATLANTIC INTRODUCTIONS; POPULATION-GENETICS; CHRYSOMELIDAE POPULATIONS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; METHYL-PARATHION; RDL MUTATION; COLEOPTERA; NEBRASKA; SEQUENCE AB The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, is a damaging pest of cultivated corn that was controlled by applications of cyclodiene insecticides from the late 1940s until resistance evolved approximate to 10 years later. Range expansion from the western plains into eastern USA coincides with resistance development. An alanine to serine amino acid substitution within the Rdl subunit of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor confers resistance to cyclodiene insecticides in many species. We found that the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G/T at the GABA receptor cDNA position 838 (G/T-838) of D.v. virgifera resulted in the alanine to serine change, and the codominant SNP allele T-838 was genetically linked to survival of beetles in aldrin bioassays. A phenotypic gradient of decreasing susceptibility from west to east was correlated with higher frequencies of the resistance-conferring T-838 allele in the eastern-most populations. This pattern exists in opposition to perceived selective pressures since the more eastern and most resistant populations probably experienced reduced exposure. The reasons for the observed distribution are uncertain, but historical records of the range expansion combined with the distribution of susceptible and resistant phenotypes and genotypes provide an opportunity to better understand factors affecting the species' range expansion. C1 [Wang, H.; Chen, H.; Siegfried, B. D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Coates, B. S.; Sappington, T. W.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Guillemaud, T.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Inst Sophia Agrobiotech, Equipe Biol Populat Interact, INRA,CNRS,UMR 1355, Sophia Antipolis, France. RP Siegfried, BD (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, 103 Entomol Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM bsiegfried1@unl.edu FU Biodiversite program of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-06-BDIV-008-01]; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (CRIS Project) [3625-22000-017-00D] FX The authors express their thanks to Chad Nielson and Wade French (USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD, USA) for providing us with the nondiapausing D. v. virgifera strain and with some field populations. Field collections were facilitated by a number of co-operators including Amanda Bachman, Pennsylvania State University and Mike Gray, University of Illinois. This work was supported in part by the Biodiversite program of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (project #ANR-06-BDIV-008-01), and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (CRIS Project 3625-22000-017-00D). NR 63 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 22 IS 5 BP 473 EP 484 DI 10.1111/imb.12037 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 209TX UT WOS:000323784100002 PM 23841833 ER PT J AU Cabrera, AR Shirk, PD Duehl, AJ Donohue, KV Grozinger, CM Evans, JD Teal, PEA AF Cabrera, A. R. Shirk, P. D. Duehl, A. J. Donohue, K. V. Grozinger, C. M. Evans, J. D. Teal, P. E. A. TI Genomic organization and reproductive regulation of a large lipid transfer protein in the varroa mite, Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman) SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE varroasis; ectoparasite; host-parasite interaction; large lipid transfer protein gene superfamily; Apis mellifera ID AMERICAN DOG TICK; KASHMIR-BEE-VIRUS; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS ACARI; HONEYBEE APIS-MELLIFERA; HEME-BINDING PROTEIN; DEFORMED WING VIRUS; ECTOPARASITIC MITE; SYNGANGLION TRANSCRIPTOME; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORNITHODOROS-PARKERI AB The complete genomic region and corresponding transcript of the most abundant protein in phoretic varroa mites, Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman), were sequenced and have homology with acarine hemelipoglycoproteins and the large lipid transfer protein (LLTP) super family. The genomic sequence of VdLLTP included 14 introns and the mature transcript coded for a predicted polypeptide of 1575 amino acid residues. VdLLTP shared a minimum of 25% sequence identity with acarine LLTPs. Phylogenetic assessment showed VdLLTP was most closely related to Metaseiulus occidentalis vitellogenin and LLTP proteins of ticks; however, no heme binding by VdLLTP was detected. Analysis of lipids associated with VdLLTP showed that it was a carrier for free and esterified C-12-C-22 fatty acids from triglycerides, diacylglycerides and monoacylglycerides. Additionally, cholesterol and -sitosterol were found as cholesterol esters linked to common fatty acids. Transcript levels of VdLLTP were 42 and 310 times higher in phoretic female mites when compared with males and quiescent deutonymphs, respectively. Coincident with initiation of the reproductive phase, VdLLTP transcript levels declined to a third of those in phoretic female mites. VdLLTP functions as an important lipid transporter and should provide a significant RNA interference target for assessing the control of varroa mites. C1 [Cabrera, A. R.; Shirk, P. D.; Duehl, A. J.; Teal, P. E. A.] ARS, CMAVE, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Donohue, K. V.; Grozinger, C. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Evans, J. D.] ARS, BARC E, USDA, BRL, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Shirk, PD (reprint author), ARS, CMAVE, USDA, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM paul.shirk@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU USDA-NIFA [2009-05254]; Pennsylvania State University FX The authors thank Matt Nelson, Rebecca Blair and Jordyn Christian for assistance in beekeeping and varroa mite collections, and Richard Furlong for his assistance in molecular cloning. The varroa genomic sequencing was supported by USDA-NIFA grant 2009-05254 (J.D.E.) and the varroa transcriptome was partially supported by funds from Pennsylvania State University (C.M.G.). The use of trade name, commercial product, or corporation in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader and does not imply an official recommendation, endorsement or approval by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service for any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 22 IS 5 BP 505 EP 522 DI 10.1111/imb.12040 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 209TX UT WOS:000323784100005 PM 23834736 ER PT J AU Copes, W AF Copes, Warren TI Rhizoctonia Web Blight Development on Azalea in Relation to Leaf Wetness Duration in the Glasshouse SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AG-U; azalea; binucleate Rhizoctonia; leaf wetness; Rhododendron spp; web blight ID CONTAINER-GROWN AZALEA; BINUCLEATE RHIZOCTONIA; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; AERIAL BLIGHT AB Moisture variables have not been a consistent predictor of Rhizoctonia web blight development on container-grown azalea. A vapour pressure deficit <2.5hPa was the only moisture variable attributed to slow web blight development in one study, yet in another study, frequent rainfall provided a moderately successful decision criterion for applying fungicide. To characterize web blight development in response to leaf wetness, plants were inoculated with two isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-U and maintained in a glasshouse in open-topped, clear plastic chambers with 0-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16- and 20-h daily cycles of 20-30s mist at 30-min intervals under day and night temperatures of 29 and 22 degrees C, respectively. Leaf wetness duration closely matched misting cycle duration. Disease incidence was measured per chamber as a mean of the number of blighted leaves per total leaves per stem. A mixed model procedure was used to compare area under the disease progress curves (AUDPC) over 4-6weeks in experiments performed in 2008 to 2010. Isolate response to mist cycle durations was not different (P=0.4283) in 2008, but was different in 2009 (P=0.0010) and 2010 (P<0.0001) due to one isolate becoming less aggressive over time. AUDPC was consistently higher on azaleas under 16- and 20-h mist cycles, which formed a higher disease group not significantly different from each other. AUDPC under 0-, 4-, and 8-h mist cycles mostly formed a lower disease group, while ranking for a 12-h mist cycle varied across experiments from the higher, intermediate, or lower AUDPC groups. Current data demonstrate an empirical relationship between long daily leaf wetness durations and development of severe web blight symptoms within a temperature range considered favourable for Rhizoctonia web blight development. Additional studies would be required to model Rhizoctonia web blight development under natural temperature fluctuations. C1 ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Copes, W (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, POB 287, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM warren.copes@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Laboratory, Southern Horticultural Research Unit [6404-21430-001-00D] FX This research was supported through the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Laboratory, Southern Horticultural Research Unit project number 6404-21430-001-00D. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-1785 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 161 IS 10 BP 723 EP 729 DI 10.1111/jph.12126 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 213OT UT WOS:000324068000006 ER PT J AU Buehler, J Navi, D Lorusso, A Vincent, A Lager, K Miller, CL AF Buehler, Jason Navi, Deepak Lorusso, Alessio Vincent, Amy Lager, Kelly Miller, Cathy L. TI Influenza A Virus PB1-F2 Protein Expression Is Regulated in a Strain-Specific Manner by Sequences Located Downstream of the PB1-F2 Initiation Codon SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SEGMENT 2; SWINE; PATHOGENESIS; PHOSPHORYLATION; IDENTIFICATION; CONTRIBUTES; GENERATION; RNA AB Translation of influenza A virus PB1-F2 occurs in a second open reading frame (ORF) of the PB1 gene segment. PB1-F2 has been implicated in regulation of polymerase activity, immunopathology, susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection, and induction of apoptosis. Experimental evidence of PB1-F2 molecular function during infection has been collected primarily from human and avian viral isolates. As the 2009 H1N1 (H1N1pdm09) strain highlighted, some swine-derived influenza viruses have the capacity to infect human hosts and emerge as a pandemic. Understanding the impact that virulence factors from swine isolates have on both human and swine health could aid in early identification of viruses with pandemic potential. Studies examining PB1-F2 from swine isolates have focused primarily on H1N1pdm09, which does not encode PB1-F2 but was engineered to carry a full-length PB1-F2 ORF to assess the impact on viral replication and pathogenicity. However, experimental evidence of PB1-F2 protein expression from swine lineage viruses has not been demonstrated. Here, we reveal that during infection, PB1-F2 expression levels are substantially different in swine and human influenza viruses. We provide evidence that PB1-F2 expression is regulated at the translational level, with very low levels of PB1-F2 expression from swine lineage viruses relative to a human isolate PB1-F2. Translational regulation of PB1-F2 expression was partially mapped to two independent regions within the PB1 mRNA, located downstream of the PB1-F2 start site. Our data suggest that carrying a full-length PB1-F2 ORF may not be predictive of PB1-F2 expression in infected cells for all influenza A viruses. C1 [Buehler, Jason; Navi, Deepak; Miller, Cathy L.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lorusso, Alessio; Vincent, Amy; Lager, Kelly] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Miller, CL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM clm@iastate.edu RI Lorusso, Alessio/A-7311-2016; OI Lorusso, Alessio/0000-0001-7933-7367; Lorusso, Alessio/0000-0001-6156-8212; Miller, Cathy/0000-0002-2601-4422 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; Iowa Pork Producers; Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine FX This project was funded through a U.S. Department of Agriculture collaborative agreement with C.L.M and grants to C.L.M. from the Iowa Pork Producers and Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 87 IS 19 BP 10687 EP 10699 DI 10.1128/JVI.01520-13 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 214WV UT WOS:000324169200024 PM 23885074 ER PT J AU Loconsole, G Onelge, N Yokomi, RK Abou Kubaa, R Sayino, V Saponari, M AF Loconsole, Giuliana Onelge, Nuket Yokomi, Raymond K. Abou Kubaa, Raied Sayino, Vito Saponari, Maria TI Rapid differentiation of citrus Hop stunt viroid variants by real-time RT-PCR and high resolution melting analysis SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Citrus; Viroid; Cachexia; HRM; Real time ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CACHEXIA DISEASE; CURVE ANALYSIS; MUTATIONS; DETECT; ORANGE; VIRUS AB The RNA genome of pathogenic and non-pathogenic variants of citrus Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) differ by five to six nucleotides located within the variable (V) domain referred to as the "cachexia expression motif". Sensitive hosts such as mandarin and its hybrids are seriously affected by cachexia disease. Current methods to differentiate HSVd variants rely on lengthy greenhouse biological indexing on Parson's Special mandarin and/or direct nucleotide sequence analysis of amplicons from RT-PCR of HSV-dinfected plants. Two independent high throughput assays to segregate HSVd variants by real-time RTPCR and High-Resolution Melting Temperature (HRM) analysis were developed: one based on EVAGreen dye; the other based on TaqMan probes. Primers for both assays targeted three differentiating nucleotides in the V domain which separated HSVd variants into three clusters by distinct melting temperatures with a confidence level higher than 98%. The accuracy of the HRM assays were validated by nucleotide sequencing of representative samples within each HRM cluster and by testing 45 HSVd-infected field trees from California, Italy, Spain, Syria and Turkey. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a rapid and sensitive approach to detect and differentiate HSVd variants associated with different biological behaviors. Although, HSVd is found in several crops including citrus, cachexia variants are restricted to some citrus-growing areas, particularly the Mediterranean Region. Rapid diagnosis for cachexia and non-cachexia variants is, thus, important for the management of HSVd in citrus and reduces the need for bioindexing and sequencing analysis. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Loconsole, Giuliana; Sayino, Vito] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento Sci Suolo Pianta & Alimenti, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Onelge, Nuket] Cukurova Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-01330 Balcali, Turkey. [Yokomi, Raymond K.] San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA ARS, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Abou Kubaa, Raied] Minist Agr & Agrarian Reform, Dept Plant Protect, Damascus, Syria. [Saponari, Maria] UOS Bari, CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Saponari, M (reprint author), UOS Bari, CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, Via Amendola 165-A, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM m.saponari@ba.ivv.cnr.it OI SAPONARI, MARIA/0000-0001-9195-4624 FU Regione Puglia - Rete di Laboratori Pubblici SELGE; California Department of Food and Agriculture [SCB 10005]; Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance [191/2009] FX Some of the equipment and partial support for this work was provided by Regione Puglia - Rete di Laboratori Pubblici SELGE, Specialty Crops Block Grant SCB 10005 from the California Department of Food and Agriculture and from the Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance to the National Research Council for the project "Innovazione e Sviluppo del Mezzogiorno-Conoscenze Integrate per Sostenibilita ed Innovazione del Made in Italy Agroalimentare-Legge n.191/2009". Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 27 IS 5-6 BP 221 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2013.07.003 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 219LZ UT WOS:000324509800009 PM 23932930 ER PT J AU Hoinville, LJ Alban, L Drewe, JA Gibbens, JC Gustafson, L Hasler, B Saegerman, C Salman, M Stark, KDC AF Hoinville, L. J. Alban, L. Drewe, J. A. Gibbens, J. C. Gustafson, L. Haesler, B. Saegerman, C. Salman, M. Staerk, K. D. C. TI Proposed terms and concepts for describing and evaluating animal-health surveillance systems SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Animal-health; Definitions; Description; Evaluation; Standardisation; Surveillance; Terms ID BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; RISK-BASED SURVEILLANCE; BLUETONGUE SEROTYPE 8; SWINE-FEVER EPIDEMIC; EMERGING DISEASES; AUTOMATED SURVEILLANCE; SCRAPIE SURVEILLANCE; NETHERLANDS; CONSEQUENCES; OUTBREAK AB The information provided by animal-health surveillance helps to reduce the impact of animal diseases. The widespread movement of animals and their products around the world results in an increasing risk that disease will spread. There is, therefore, a need for exchange between countries of comparable information about disease incidence; the exchange must be based on a common understanding of surveillance approaches and how surveillance systems are designed and implemented. Establishing agreed-upon definitions of surveillance terms would be a first step in achieving this standardisation, and will enhance transparency and confidence. To this end, a workshop was held with the aim of agreeing upon key terms and concepts for animal-health surveillance. In this paper, we describe the methods used at the workshop and summarise the discussions. A complete list of all the proposed definitions including lists of characteristics that can be used to describe surveillance activities and attributes for evaluation of surveillance is available in the workshop report (available at http://www.defra.gov.uk/ahvla-en/disease-control/surveillance/icahs-workshop/). Some important issues were highlighted during these discussions; of particular note was the importance of economic efficiency as an evaluation attribute. Some remaining inconsistencies in the proposed use of terms are highlighted (including the definition of 'risk-based surveillance' and the use of the term 'event-based surveillance'). Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hoinville, L. J.; Gibbens, J. C.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. [Alban, L.] Danish Agr & Food Council, DK-1609 Copenhagen V, Denmark. [Drewe, J. A.; Haesler, B.; Staerk, K. D. C.] Royal Vet Coll, Hatfield AL9 7TA, Herts, England. [Gustafson, L.] USDA APHIS VS, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Saegerman, C.] Univ Liege, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis, Res Unit Epidemiol & Risk Anal Appl Vet Sci UREAR, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Salman, M.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Hoinville, LJ (reprint author), Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. EM Linda.hoinville@ahvla.gsi.gov.uk RI Staerk, Katharina/M-4186-2013; Haesler, Barbara/I-5485-2014; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010 OI Staerk, Katharina/0000-0002-0553-5499; Haesler, Barbara/0000-0001-6073-9526; FU Defra [ED1039] FX The principal author (L.J.H.) received funding for planning and carrying out the workshop and preparing this article from a Defra-funded Veterinary Surveillance Strategy implementation project (Delivering Intelligent Surveillance - ED1039). NR 51 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 112 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.06.006 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 214SH UT WOS:000324155600001 PM 23906392 ER PT J AU Neigh, CSR Nelson, RF Ranson, KJ Margolis, HA Montesano, PM Sun, GQ Kharuk, V Naesset, E Wulder, MA Andersen, HE AF Neigh, Christopher S. R. Nelson, Ross F. Ranson, K. Jon Margolis, Hank A. Montesano, Paul M. Sun, Guoqing Kharuk, Viacheslav Naesset, Erik Wulder, Michael A. Andersen, Hans-Erik TI Taking stock of circumboreal forest carbon with ground measurements, airborne and spaceborne LiDAR SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE LiDAR; Biomass; Carbon; Boreal forest ID ICESAT GLAS DATA; LAND-COVER DATABASE; CENTRAL SIBERIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; VEGETATION HEIGHT; RUSSIAN FORESTS; HEDMARK COUNTY; BOREAL; MODIS AB The boreal forest accounts for one-third of global forests, but remains largely inaccessible to ground-based measurements and monitoring. It contains large quantities of carbon in its vegetation and soils, and research suggests that it will be subject to increasingly severe climate-driven disturbance. We employ a suite of ground-, airborne- and space-based measurement techniques to derive the first satellite LiDAR-based estimates of aboveground carbon for the entire circumboreal forest biome. Incorporating these inventory techniques with uncertainty analysis, we estimate total aboveground carbon of 38 +/- 3.1 Pg. This boreal forest carbon is mostly concentrated from 50 to 55 degrees N in eastern Canada and from 55 to 60 degrees N in eastern Eurasia. Both of these regions are expected to warm >3 degrees C by 2100, and monitoring the effects of warming on these stocks is important to understanding its future carbon balance. Our maps establish a baseline for future quantification of circumboreal carbon and the described technique should provide a robust method for future monitoring of the spatial and temporal changes of the aboveground carbon content. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Neigh, Christopher S. R.; Nelson, Ross F.; Ranson, K. Jon; Montesano, Paul M.; Sun, Guoqing] NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Margolis, Hank A.] Univ Laval, Ctr Etud Foret, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Montesano, Paul M.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20705 USA. [Montesano, Paul M.; Sun, Guoqing] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kharuk, Viacheslav] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia. [Naesset, Erik] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, NO-1432 As, Norway. [Wulder, Michael A.] Nat Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V82Z 1M5, Canada. [Andersen, Hans-Erik] Univ Washington, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Neigh, CSR (reprint author), NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Christopher.S.Neigh@nasa.gov RI Nelson, Ross/H-8266-2014; Wulder, Michael/J-5597-2016; Neigh, Christopher/D-4700-2012; Ranson, Kenneth/G-2446-2012 OI Wulder, Michael/0000-0002-6942-1896; Neigh, Christopher/0000-0002-5322-6340; Ranson, Kenneth/0000-0003-3806-7270 FU NASA [NNH08ZDA001N-TE, NNH06ZDA001N-CARBON]; NSERC Discovery Grant FX This study was made possible by NASA's Terrestrial Ecology program under grants NNH08ZDA001N-TE and NNH06ZDA001N-CARBON. We also acknowledge the NSERC Discovery Grant to Hank Margolis for contributing partial support for the airborne data collection in Canada. We would like to thank three anonymous reviewers who improved the quality and content of this manuscript. We would also like to thank Sergi Im, Mukhtar Naurzbaev, Pasha Oskorbin, and Marsha Dvinskaya of the Sukachev Institute of Forest and Bruce Cook from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for help in collecting field measurements in Siberia. NR 75 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 137 BP 274 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.06.019 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 214SR UT WOS:000324156600023 ER PT J AU Desai, M Koo, SJ Eblimit, Z Suryawan, A Silva, J Coss-Bu, JA Nguyen, T Davis, T Orellana, RA AF Desai, M. Koo, S. J. Eblimit, Z. Suryawan, A. Silva, J. Coss-Bu, J. A. Nguyen, T. Davis, T. Orellana, R. A. TI CHOLESTATIC LIVER DISEASE PROVOKES SKELETAL MUSCLE WASTING DESPITE STIMULATION OF TRANSLATION, INITIATION, DECREASED AUTOPHAGY, ACTIVATION OF YES ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (YAP) AND PROTEASOMAL SIGNAL ACTIVATION IN MICE SO INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT ESICM 26th Annual Congress CY OCT 05-09, 2013 CL Paris, FRANCE SP ESICM C1 [Desai, M.; Silva, J.; Coss-Bu, J. A.; Nguyen, T.; Orellana, R. A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Crit Care Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Desai, M.; Koo, S. J.; Eblimit, Z.; Suryawan, A.; Silva, J.; Coss-Bu, J. A.; Nguyen, T.; Davis, T.; Orellana, R. A.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Koo, S. J.; Eblimit, Z.; Suryawan, A.; Davis, T.; Orellana, R. A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-4642 EI 1432-1238 J9 INTENS CARE MED JI Intensive Care Med. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 39 SU 2 MA 0228 BP S277 EP S277 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA AP9WI UT WOS:000342431600228 ER PT J AU Mathey, MM Mookerjee, S Gunduz, K Hancock, JF Iezzoni, AF Mahoney, LL Davis, TM Bassil, NV Hummer, KE Stewart, PJ Whitaker, VM Sargent, DJ Denoyes, B Amaya, I van de Weg, E Finn, CE AF Mathey, Megan M. Mookerjee, Sonali Gunduz, Kazim Hancock, James F. Iezzoni, Amy F. Mahoney, Lise L. Davis, Thomas M. Bassil, Nahla V. Hummer, Kim E. Stewart, Philip J. Whitaker, Vance M. Sargent, Daniel J. Denoyes, Beatrice Amaya, Iraida van de Weg, Eric Finn, Chad E. TI Large-Scale Standardized Phenotyping of Strawberry in RosBREED SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE flowering; fruit characteristics; plant characteristics; fruit chemistry AB In an effort to implement marker-assisted breeding in Rosaceae, many traits need to be characterized in diverse germplasm. The USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative-funded RosBREED project includes breeding programs of four Rosaceae crops (apple, peach, cherry and strawberry). Phenotyping each crop for specific horticultural and commercial traits is an important process needed to translate genomic knowledge through Marker-assisted breeding into enhanced breeding efficiency. These data will directly aid in the identification of quantitative trait loci or marker-trait associations that will be used to assist breeding programs in the future. Large-scale, standardized phenotyping protocols have been set up for each crop. The standardized,phenotyping protocol for strawberries was agreed upon by the breeding teams in Oregon, Michigan, New Hampshire, California and Florida and includes four trait categories: phenology and other flower-related traits, plant characteristics, fruit characteristics, and fruit chemistry traits. We describe how each of the traits in the categories was evaluated. A summary of mean values for 37 traits of the genotypes planted at the RosBREED locations in 2011 and 2012 is provided. C1 [Mathey, Megan M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mookerjee, Sonali; Gunduz, Kazim; Hancock, James F.; Iezzoni, Amy F.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mahoney, Lise L.; Davis, Thomas M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Bassil, Nahla V.; Hummer, Kim E.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Stewart, Philip J.] Driscoll Strawberry Associates, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. [Whitaker, Vance M.] Univ Florida, GCREC, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. [Sargent, Daniel J.] Fdn Edmund Mach, Ist Agr, I-38010 San Michele Alladigc, Italy. [Denoyes, Beatrice] Inst Natl Rech Agronom Cillenavc Ornon, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. [Amaya, Iraida] Inst Andaluz Invest & Formac Agr & Pesquera, Malaga, Spain. [van de Weg, Eric] Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Finn, Chad E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Mathey, MM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Agr & Life Sci Bldg Corvallis, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Sargent, Daniel/A-2933-2014; Van de Weg, Eric/G-3225-2011; Amaya, Iraida/C-3709-2016 OI Sargent, Daniel/0000-0002-6686-7147; Van de Weg, Eric/0000-0002-9443-5974; Amaya, Iraida/0000-0002-4612-8902 FU USDA-NIFA-Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2009-51181-05808] FX "RosBREED: Enabling marker-assisted breeding in Rosaceae" is supported by the USDA-NIFA-Specialty Crop Research Initiative by a combination of federal and matching funds (grant number 2009-51181-05808). NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 67 IS 4 BP 205 EP 216 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA V36TF UT WOS:000209232800003 ER PT J AU Fajardo, D Jayanty, SS Jansky, SH AF Fajardo, Diego Jayanty, Sastry S. Jansky, Shelley H. TI Rapid High Throughput Amylose Determination in Freeze Dried Potato Tuber Samples SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Chemistry; Issue 80; Technology; Industry and Agriculture; Life Sciences (General); Potato; amylose; amylopectin; colorimetric assay; iodine AB This protocol describes a high through put colorimetric method that relies on the formation of a complex between iodine and chains of glucose molecules in starch. Iodine forms complexes with both amylose and long chains within amylopectin. After the addition of iodine to a starch sample, the maximum absorption of amylose and amylopectin occurs at 620 and 550 nm, respectively. The amylose/amylopectin ratio can be estimated from the ratio of the 620 and 550 nm absorbance values and comparing them to a standard curve in which specific known concentrations are plotted against absorption values. This high throughput, inexpensive method is reliable and reproducible, allowing the evaluation of large populations of potato clones. C1 [Fajardo, Diego; Jansky, Shelley H.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fajardo, Diego; Jansky, Shelley H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jayanty, Sastry S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Jansky, SH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shjansky@wisc.edu FU USDA-ARS Research Associate Program; USDA Crop Germplasm Committee FX Funding for this research was provided in part by the USDA-ARS Research Associate Program and the USDA Crop Germplasm Committee. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD OCT PY 2013 IS 80 AR UNSP e50407 DI 10.3791/50407 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36RP UT WOS:000209228800006 ER PT J AU McGovern, M Senalik, A Chen, G Beall, FC Reis, H AF McGovern, Megan Senalik, Adam Chen, George Beall, Frank C. Reis, Henrique TI Effect of Decay on Ultrasonic Velocity and Attenuation Measurements in Wood SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE loblolly pine; wood; wood decay; rot; X-ray computed tomography; wood density ID BROWN-ROT DECAY; WAVE-PROPAGATION AB The percentage mass loss of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) wood cube specimens exposed to Gloeophyllum fungus (Gloeophyllum trabeum) for increasing periods of time ranging from 1 to 12 weeks was recorded after being subjected to controlled decay following ASTM International standard ASTM D 1413-99. The specimens' corresponding volume loss due to decay and corresponding densities were calculated using X-ray computed tomography. Blocks decayed for 12 weeks experienced, on the average, the greatest loss of mass (approximate to 40%), volume (approximate to 30%) and density (approximate to 37%). For each of the three principal material directions of these specimens with controlled decay, ultrasonic longitudinal and shear velocity values, along with the corresponding attenuation values, were measured using longitudinal and shear ultrasonic transducers with a center frequency of 100 kHz. Because of the relatively small size of the wooden specimens, a steel delay line was used, along with waveform averaging and the phase-comparison technique, to measure velocities. It was observed that the velocities increased with increasing frequency and decreased with increasing amount of decay, while the corresponding attenuation values increased with increasing frequency and amount of decay. Towards estimation of velocity and attenuation values, polynomial expressions fitted to the experimentally obtained data are presented for the frequency band of 4.5 to 200 kHz and up to a mass loss of 40%. C1 [McGovern, Megan; Senalik, Adam; Reis, Henrique] Univ Illinois, Dept Ind & Enterprising Syst Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chen, George] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Beall, Frank C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Forest Prod Lab, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. RP McGovern, M (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Ind & Enterprising Syst Engn, 104 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM h-reis@illinois.edu FU ASNT Fellowship Award; National Science Foundation [CMS 02-01305] FX This research was made possible by the ASNT Fellowship Award. The work was also partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMS 02-01305. The wood specimens with controlled decay were prepared at the U.S. Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 71 IS 10 BP 1217 EP 1231 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA AR1GV UT WOS:000343334600003 ER PT J AU Parks, AM Jenkins, MA Woeste, KE Ostry, ME AF Parks, Amanda M. Jenkins, Michael A. Woeste, Keith E. Ostry, Michael E. TI Conservation Status of a Threatened Tree Species: Establishing a Baseline for Restoration of Juglans cinerea L. in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, USA SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE butternut; cohort structure; disturbance regime; forest disease; fungal pathogen; hybridization; mortality; recruitment history ID FOREST RESTORATION; AMERICAN CHESTNUT; NORTH-AMERICA; NATIONAL-PARK; BUTTERNUT; GROWTH; VEGETATION; RESISTANT; PATHOGENS; HARDWOOD AB To mitigate the loss of native tree species threatened by non-native pathogens, managers need to better understand the conservation status of remaining populations and the conditions that favor successful regeneration. Populations of Juglans cinerea L. (butternut), a wide-ranging riparian species, have been devastated by butternut canker, a disease caused by a non-native fungal pathogen. We assessed J. cinerea within Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) to determine post-disease survivorship and health, recruitment history, environmental conditions associated with survival, and the extent of hybridization with a non-native congener. Monitoring records were used to locate and collect data for 207 J. cinerea trees in 19 watersheds. Tree cores were collected from a subset of individuals to assess recruitment history. We sampled vegetation plots within areas that contained J. cinerea to assess site conditions and overstory species composition of characteristic habitat. We collected leaf samples for genetic analysis to determine the frequency of hybridization. Our reassessment of monitoring records suggests that J. cinerea abundance in GSMNP has declined due to butternut canker and thirty years of poor regeneration. Populations displayed continuous recruitment following Park establishment (1934) until around 1980, after which regeneration declined drastically. Ordination analysis revealed that J. cinerea in the contemporary forest was associated with greater distance from homesites and reduced basal area of competing species. Hybrids comprised a small portion of sampled trees. The presence of healthy trees and low rate of hybridization suggest that these trees may contribute to the development of disease-resistant genotypes for future restoration efforts. C1 [Parks, Amanda M.; Jenkins, Michael A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Woeste, Keith E.] Purdue Univ, No Res Stn, USDA, Forest Serv,Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ostry, Michael E.] Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Jenkins, MA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jenkinma@purdue.edu RI Jenkins, Michael/F-7396-2016 FU Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center (USDA FS NRS); Department of Forestry and Natural Resources at Purdue University FX We thank the staff of GSMNP for their support, especially Tom Remaley, Janet Rock, Keith Langdon, Kristine Johnson, Glenn Taylor, Emily Darling, Emily Guss, and Paul Super. We thank Peng Zhao, Michael Saunders, and Robert Morrissey for their assistance. Kim Steiner, Eric Holzmueller, and three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center (USDA FS NRS) and the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources at Purdue University. The use of trade names is for the information and convenience of the reader and does not imply official endorsement or approval by the USDA or the Forest Service of any product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 33 IS 4 BP 413 EP 426 DI 10.3375/043.033.0404 PG 14 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AQ5UZ UT WOS:000342875400005 ER PT J AU Devall, MS AF Devall, Margaret S. TI The Endangered Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia [Walter] Blume, Lauraceae) SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE endangered species; Lauraceae; Lindera melissifolia; pondberry ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; POPULATIONS; BENZOIN; ECOLOGY; GROWTH AB Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) is an endangered plant species that occurs in seven southern states. It is a rhizomatous, clonal shrub that usually grows in colonies and has numerous stems with few branches and drooping leaves that give off a spicy odor when crushed. Pondberry is dioecious, with small yellow flowers that bloom in spring and have scarlet drupes that mature in late summer or fall. The species grows in low areas within bottomland hardwood forests in the western part of its range and on the margins of limestone sinks and wet depressions in pine forests in the eastern part. Pondberry has probably always been a rare species, but its distribution and abundance have been affected by habitat destruction and alteration, such as timber cutting, clearing of land, and local drainage or flooding of wetlands. Until recently research on pondberry has been sparse; but because of proposed flood control measures for the area in which the species occurs in Mississippi, interest in research has increased. This review will be helpful to land managers and scientists because it provides information about all known current research on the species. C1 US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Devall, MS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, POB 227, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM mdevall@fs.fed.us NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 33 IS 4 BP 455 EP 465 DI 10.3375/043.033.0409 PG 11 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AQ5UZ UT WOS:000342875400010 ER PT J AU Beirn, LA Tredway, LP Boehm, MJ Orshinsky, AM Putman, AI Carbone, I Clarke, BB Crouch, J AF Beirn, L. A. Tredway, L. P. Boehm, M. J. Orshinsky, A. M. Putman, A. I. Carbone, I. Clarke, B. B. Crouch, J. TI Putting to rest a 75 year old controversy: The true taxonomic placement of the dollar spot pathogens of turfgrass SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Orshinsky, A. M.] Agri Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Putman, A. I.; Carbone, I.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Beirn, L. A.; Clarke, B. B.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Tredway, L. P.] Syngenta Crop Protect, Greensboro, NC USA. [Boehm, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Crouch, J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 SU 4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KN UT WOS:000209477600003 ER PT J AU Berner, DK Cavin, CA Smallwood, EL Tunali, B AF Berner, D. K. Cavin, C. A. Smallwood, E. L. Tunali, B. TI Phoma macrostoma var. macrostoma from Turkey, a potential biological control agent of field and hedge bindweed SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tunali, B.] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, Samsun, Turkey. [Berner, D. K.; Cavin, C. A.; Smallwood, E. L.] USDA, ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 SU 4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KN UT WOS:000209477600004 ER PT J AU Davis, RE Dally, EL Zhao, Y AF Davis, R. E. Dally, E. L. Zhao, Y. TI North American grapevine yellows phytoplasma NAGYIII and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni': Intraspecies evolutionary divergence or distinct species? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Davis, R. E.; Dally, E. L.; Zhao, Y.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 SU 4 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KN UT WOS:000209477600005 ER PT J AU Harris, JL Di Bello, P Lear, M Hoang, Q Balci, Y AF Harris, J. L. Di Bello, P. Lear, M. Hoang, Q. Balci, Y. TI Bacterial Leaf Scorch of amenity trees caused by Xylella fastidiosa in Washington, DC: Distribution, host range and presence of the pathogen within street trees SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harris, J. L.; Balci, Y.] Univ Maryland, PSLA, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hoang, Q.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD USA. [Di Bello, P.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Lear, M.] Urban Forestry Adm, Dist Dept Transportat, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 SU 4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KN UT WOS:000209477600008 ER PT J AU Perina, FJ Biedrzycki, ML Jamann, T Yang, Q Nelson, RJ Balint-Kurti, P Caplan, J Wisser, RJ AF Perina, F. J. Biedrzycki, M. L. Jamann, T. Yang, Q. Nelson, R. J. Balint-Kurti, P. Caplan, J. Wisser, R. J. TI Correlative imaging of fungal pathogenesis in maize: Linking disease symptoms to cellular-level infection events SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caplan, J.] Univ Delaware, Bioimaging Ctr, Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Newark, DE USA. [Perina, F. J.] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Phytopathol, Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Jamann, T.; Nelson, R. J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Biedrzycki, M. L.; Wisser, R. J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [Yang, Q.; Balint-Kurti, P.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 SU 4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V40KN UT WOS:000209477600012 ER PT J AU Ramsay, TG Blomberg, L Caperna, TJ AF Ramsay, T. G. Blomberg, L. Caperna, T. J. TI Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin alters adipokine gene expression and glucose metabolism in swine adipose tissue SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE adipose tissue; cyclodextrin; tumor necrosis factor; lipogenesis ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; TNF-ALPHA; ADIPOCYTES; IL-6; INSULIN; OBESITY; ADIPONECTIN; CHOLESTEROL; LIPOGENESIS; INFUSION AB This study was designed to determine whether methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MCD) can substitute for albumin in incubation medium for neonatal swine adipose tissue explants, or whether MCD affects metabolism and cytokine expression. Subcutaneous adipose tissue explants (100 +/- 10 mg) were prepared from 21-day-old pigs. Explants were incubated in medium 199 supplemented with 25 mM HEPES, 1.0 nM insulin at 37 degrees C. The medium also contained bovine serum albumin (BSA) or MCD at 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% or 0.3%. Tissue explants were treated with these media for 1 h and then switched to the same basal incubation medium containing 0.05% BSA. Explants were removed from basal medium at 2 or 8 h of incubation, and real-time PCR was performed to assess expression of tumor necrosis alpha (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL6), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACAC) and fatty acid synthase (FASN). Alternatively, rates of C-14-glucose oxidation and lipogenesis were monitored +/- insulin (100 nM), following MCD treatment. Incubation with BSA had minimal effects on gene expression or adipose tissue metabolism, only producing a doubling in TNF mRNA abundance (P < 0.01). Treatment with MCD increased TNF mRNA abundance by eightfold (P < 0.009), whereas IL6 gene expression increased a 100-fold (P < 0.001) with a suppression in ACAC and FASN expression (P < 0.01). This was paralleled by MCD inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation and lipogenesis (P < 0.001). Addition of a TNF antibody to the incubation medium alleviated this inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism by similar to 30% (P < 0.05). C1 [Ramsay, T. G.; Blomberg, L.; Caperna, T. J.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ramsay, TG (reprint author), ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM timothy.ramsay@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD OCT PY 2013 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1690 EP 1696 DI 10.1017/S1751731113001250 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 210QK UT WOS:000323849200016 PM 23866961 ER PT J AU Kronberg, SL Schauer, CS AF Kronberg, S. L. Schauer, C. S. TI Cattle and sheep develop preference for drinking water containing grape seed tannin SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE condensed tannin; nitrogen; palatability; pollution; ruminants; urea ID CONDENSED TANNINS; LOTUS-CORNICULATUS; DIET SELECTION; CRUDE PROTEIN; QUEBRACHO; NITROGEN; FOODS; DIGESTION; AMMONIA; LAMBS AB Ingestion of small amounts of some types of condensed tannins (CTs) by ruminant livestock can provide nutritional, environmental and economic benefits. However, practical methods are needed to make these tannins more available to ruminant livestock. Results from previous trials with crude quebracho and black wattle tannin indicated that cattle and/or sheep would not preferentially drink water containing these tannins. Therefore, we conducted preference trials to determine if cattle and sheep would learn to prefer water containing purified grape seed tannin (GST) that provided up to 2% of their daily dry matter (DM) intake. After gradual exposure to increasing amounts of this tannin in water during a pre-trial period, five adult ewes and five yearling heifers fed lucerne (Medicago sativa) pellets (19% CP) were offered water and several concentrations of GST solutions for either 15 (sheep trial) or 20 days (cattle trial). We measured intake of all liquids daily. Concentrations of blood urea were also measured for heifers when they drank only tannin solutions or water. Both sheep and cattle developed preferences for water with GST in it over water alone (P < 0.01) although this preference appeared earlier in the trial for sheep than for cattle. For the sheep, mean daily intake of water alone and all tannin solutions (in total) was 0.6 and 6.1 I, respectively. For the cattle, mean daily intake of water and all tannin solutions in total was 21.8 and 20.61, respectively, in the first half of the trial and 10.8 and 26.1 I, respectively, in the second half of the trial. Compared with the other tannin solutions, both sheep and cattle drank more of the solution with the highest tannin concentration (2% of daily DM intake as GST) than of water on more trial days (P < 0.05). Ingestion of water with the highest concentration of GST reduced blood plasma urea concentration in the cattle by 9% to 14% (P <= 0.10) compared with ingestion of water alone. Results from the trials suggest that providing grape seed and perhaps other CTs via drinking water may be a practical way to introduce CTs into sheep and cattle diets. C1 [Kronberg, S. L.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Schauer, C. S.] N Dakota State Univ, Hettinger Res Extens Ctr, Hettinger, ND 58639 USA. RP Kronberg, SL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM scott.kronberg@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 32 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD OCT PY 2013 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1714 EP 1720 DI 10.1017/S1751731113001262 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 210QK UT WOS:000323849200019 PM 23880297 ER PT J AU Xu, MR Liang, MD Chen, JC Xia, YL Zheng, Z Zhu, Q Deng, XL AF Xu, Meirong Liang, Meidan Chen, Jianchi Xia, Yulu Zheng, Zheng Zhu, Qing Deng, Xiaoling TI Preliminary research on soil conditioner mediated citrus Huanglongbing mitigation in the field in Guangdong, China SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Huanglongbing; Citrus greening; Yellow shoot disease; Soil conditioner (SC); "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" ID CANDIDATUS-LIBERIBACTER-ASIATICUS; DISEASE; INFECTION; NITROGEN; FERTILIZATION; TRANSCRIPTION; BACTERIUM; PATHOGEN; SINENSIS; TREES AB Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease) is devastating citrus production worldwide. No effective control measure is currently available. In China, management of HLB through nutrient applications was used in the past and the interest has been renewed recently. In this study the effects of a soil conditioner (SC) on HLB-affected mandarin citrus (Citrus reticulate Blanco) were evaluated in four orchards (three with cultivar Shatangju and one with cultivar Chuntianju) in Guangdong Province, China. We observed that HLB trees showed more vigorous growth with lower titres of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus", the putative pathogen of HLB, than the untreated trees at 10 months post treatment (MPT) with SC. "Ca. L. asiaticus" titres in younger trees (2-year) were significantly lower than those in older trees (8-years old) (P = 0.005). Comparison of SC treatments using 4-year-old Chuntianju showed that the "Ca. L. asiaticus" titres were significantly lower in new leaves with 7 MPT (94.51 % reduction or 2.59 times lower) than those with 1 or 4 MPT (P = 0.002). The P, N, K, Mn, and organic matters contents in the treated orchard soils were all significantly higher than those in the non-treated soil tested at 2 MPT (p < 0.05). Effects of SC treatments on fruit yield and quality were also significant. Our preliminary results showed that SC treatment could have various levels of positive influence on HLB-affected mandarin trees. C1 [Xu, Meirong; Liang, Meidan; Zheng, Zheng; Zhu, Qing; Deng, Xiaoling] S China Agr Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Xia, Yulu] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Chen, Jianchi] ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Deng, XL (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM xldeng@scau.edu.cn FU Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China [201003067]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31201480]; Ministry of Education of Guangdong Province [2012B091100483] FX The authors acknowledge the Zaoqing South China Run-zhe-xin-ye Biotechnology Limited Liability Company for providing the SC. We appreciate the financial supports of Public service sectors (agriculture) special project (Grant No. 201003067) from Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, National Natural Science Fund (Grant No. 31201480) from National Natural Science Foundation of China and production-study-research combination project (Grant No. 2012B091100483) from Ministry of Education of Guangdong Province. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 137 IS 2 BP 283 EP 293 DI 10.1007/s10658-013-0238-z PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 209IA UT WOS:000323747800010 ER PT J AU Stoffregen, WC Johnson, CS Olsen, SC AF Stoffregen, William C. Johnson, Charley S. Olsen, Steven C. TI Immunogenicity and safety of a natural rough mutant of Brucella suis as a vaccine for swine SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Brucella; Vaccine; Cellular immunity; Zoonoses-bacterial ID ABORTUS STRAIN RB51; BALB/C MICE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EFFICACY; GENUS; PIGS; ELK AB The objective of the current study was to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and clearance of the natural rough mutant of Brucella suis strain 353-1 (353-1) as a vaccine in domestic swine. In three studies encompassing 105 animals, pigs were inoculated with 353-1 by conjunctival (5 x 10(7) CPU) or IM (1-2 x 10(10) CFU) routes. Clearance, tissue distribution, and pathology of the vaccine strain were determined by periodic blood culture, collection of tissues at periodic necropsy times after vaccination, and histologic evaluation of tissue samples. The B. suis 353-1 strain was nonpathogenic, cleared from most vaccinates by 10-12 weeks after vaccination, and did not induce significant histologic lesions in tissues examined. The vaccine strain appears to be phenotypically stable as all isolates recovered from vaccinates retained their rough phenotype. Vaccination induced significant humoral responses, peripheral blood mono-nuclear cell proliferation, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production after inoculation as compared to responses of control pigs. The vaccine strain did not appear to be shed from vaccinates as co-housed sentinel animals demonstrated no serologic or microbiologic evidence of lateral transmission. Our data demonstrates that B. suis 353-1 is a stable, rough mutant that does not induce adverse clinical effects or tissue localization, but does induce significant humoral and cellular immune responses after vaccination of swine. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stoffregen, William C.; Johnson, Charley S.; Olsen, Steven C.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Olsen, SC (reprint author), Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM steven.olsen@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 95 IS 2 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.04.014 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 210UU UT WOS:000323861000025 PM 23659743 ER PT J AU Green, BT Welch, KD Gardner, DR Stegelmeier, BL Lee, ST AF Green, Benedict T. Welch, Kevin D. Gardner, Dale R. Stegelmeier, Bryan L. Lee, Stephen T. TI A toxicokinetic comparison of two species of low larkspur (Delphinium spp.) in cattle SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Delphinium; Toxicokinetics; Nudicauline; Clearance times ID TOXIC NORDITERPENOID ALKALOIDS; NUTTALLIANUM; ANDERSONII; METHYLLYCACONITINE; BARBEYI; IDAHO AB Low larkspurs have different toxic potentials to livestock due to variation in the individual alkaloids present in the plants. Two species, Delphinium nuttallianum and Delphinium andersonii were dosed to 10 Holstein steers at 10 mg and 12 mg toxic alkaloids/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected periodically for 96 h, analyzed for serum alkaloid concentrations and toxicokinetic parameters calculated for 16-deacetylgeyerline, 14-deacetylnudicauline, methyllycaconitine and geyerline/nudicauline which co-eluted in the serum analysis. The maximum serum alkaloid concentrations and area under the curve values for 16-deacetylgeyerline and geyerline/nudicauline were significantly different between the two groups due to the concentrations of the alkaloids in each larkspur species. The alkaloid elimination half-lives were similar for the two larkspur species. These results suggest the elimination rates of norditerpene alkaloids from different larkspur species in cattle are similar regardless of plant alkaloid composition. The determining factor for larkspur toxicity is the individual alkaloid composition of the plant. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Green, Benedict T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Gardner, Dale R.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.; Lee, Stephen T.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Green, BT (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM Ben.Green@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS FX The authors thank Edward L. Knoppel, Isabelle McCollum, Terrie Wierenga, and Rex Probst for their assistance. This research was supported by USDA/ARS. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 95 IS 2 BP 612 EP 615 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.04.018 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 210UU UT WOS:000323861000051 PM 23664180 ER PT J AU Aluja, M Ovruski, SM Sivinski, J Cordova-Garcia, G Schliserman, P Nunez-Campero, SR Ordano, M AF Aluja, Martin Ovruski, Sergio M. Sivinski, John Cordova-garcia, Guadalupe Schliserman, Pablo Nunez-campero, Segundo R. Ordano, Mariano TI Inter-specific competition and competition-free space in the tephritid parasitoids Utetes anastrephae and Doryctobracon areolatus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae) SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Competitor-free space; fruit flies; multiparasitism; natural enemy guilds; tephritidae ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; DIACHASMIMORPHA-TRYONI HYMENOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; FLIES DIPTERA; MEGARHYSSA HYMENOPTERA; OVIPOSITOR LENGTH; SPP. DIPTERA; LARVAL-PUPAL; HOST; MEXICO AB 1. Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) and Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti) are common, native, Neotropical braconid parasitoids of tephritid fruit flies that are sympatric and often found attacking the same host. 2. The coexistence of the two species may be due in part to the longer ovipositor of D. areolatus that permits it to attack larvae in larger fruit than can U. anastrephae. This increases its potential host range and provides 'competitor-free space'. 3. The capacity of U. anastrephae to persist in smaller fruit, exploitable by D. areolatus, suggested that it was a superior competitor in multiparasitised hosts. As predicted U. anastrephae had a competitive advantage over D. areolatus and this advantage occurred regardless of the order in which the two parasitoids attacked. Although we could not identify the precise mechanisms used for elimination of competitors, a possible cause is suggested by the formidable mandibles of the first-instar U. anastrephae. 4. However, D. areolatus survival increased significantly if eggs had been deposited 24 h prior to exposure to U. anastrephae. Older D. areolatus larvae might be more competitive after a period of development. 5. Utetes anastrephae females were less likely to oviposit into hosts previously attacked by D. areolatus than vice versa. This was a second case of the relatively rare phenomenon of inter-specific discrimination of a previously exploited host within the opiine braconid parasitoids of frugivorous tephritids. C1 [Aluja, Martin; Cordova-garcia, Guadalupe] Inst Ecol, AC, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. [Ovruski, Sergio M.; Schliserman, Pablo; Nunez-campero, Segundo R.] PROIMI Biotecnol CCT Tucum CONICET, Div Control Biol Plagas, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. [Ovruski, Sergio M.; Sivinski, John] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Nunez-campero, Segundo R.] Ctr Reg Invest Cient & Transferencia Tecnol CRILA, La Rioja, Argentina. [Ordano, Mariano] Fdn Miguel, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. [Ordano, Mariano] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. RP Aluja, M (reprint author), Inst Ecol, AC, Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. EM martin.aluja@inecol.edu.mx OI Ordano, Mariano/0000-0003-0962-973X FU Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Direccion General de Sanidad Vegetal-Secretar a de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion); Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a de Mexico (CONACyT) [46846]; United States Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Research Service); Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Argentina (ANCyT) through the Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a (FONCyT) [2402, 0393]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de Argentina (CONICET) [5129/05]; Proyecto de Investigacion Conjunta en el marco del Acuerdo de Cooperacion Internacional CONICET de Argentina y CONACyT de Mexico [2311/04]; CONACyT [79449] FX We thank Larissa Guillen for her editorial input. Martin Aluja acknowledges financial support by the Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Direccion General de Sanidad Vegetal-Secretar a de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion), the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a de Mexico (CONACyT Grant No. 46846) and the United States Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Research Service). Sergio Ovruski acknowledges financial support from the Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Argentina (ANCyT) through the Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog a (FONCyT) (Grant PICT/2006 No. 2402, and PICT/2010 No. 0393), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de Argentina (CONICET) (Grants PIP No. 5129/05) and Proyecto de Investigacion Conjunta en el marco del Acuerdo de Cooperacion Internacional CONICET de Argentina y CONACyT de Mexico (Res. N. 2311/04, 2006-2007). M. Aluja also acknowledges support from CONACyT through a Sabbatical Year Fellowship (Ref. 79449) and thanks Benno Graf and Jorg Samietz (Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Changins-Wadenswil [ACW], Switzerland) for providing ideal conditions to finish writing this paper. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6946 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 38 IS 5 BP 485 EP 496 DI 10.1111/een.12039 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 210QD UT WOS:000323848500007 ER PT J AU Yendrek, CR Leisner, CP Ainsworth, EA AF Yendrek, Craig R. Leisner, Courtney P. Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. TI Chronic ozone exacerbates the reduction in photosynthesis and acceleration of senescence caused by limited N availability in Nicotiana sylvestris SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; climate change; N allocation; primary metabolism; senescence ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; ELEVATED CO2; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; LEAF SENESCENCE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BINDING-PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; BETA-OXIDATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Both elevated ozone (O-3) and limiting soil nitrogen (N) availability negatively affect crop performance. However, less is known about how the combination of elevated O-3 and limiting N affect crop growth and metabolism. In this study, we grew tobacco (Nicotiana sylvestris) in ambient and elevated O-3 at two N levels (limiting and sufficient). Results at the whole plant, leaf, and cellular level showed that primary metabolism was reduced by growth in limiting N, and that reduction was exacerbated by exposure to elevated O-3. Limiting N reduced the rates of photosynthetic CO2 uptake by 40.8% in ambient O-3-exposed plants, and by 58.6% in elevated O-3-exposed plants, compared with plants grown with sufficient N. Reductions in photosynthesis compounded to cause large differences in leaf and whole plant parameters including leaf number, leaf area, and leaf and root biomass. These results were consistent with our meta-analysis of all published studies of plant responses to elevated O-3 and N availability. In tobacco, N uptake and allocation was also affected by growth in limiting N and elevated O-3, and there was an O-3-induced compensatory response that resulted in increased N recycling from senescing leaves. In addition, transcript-based markers were used to track the progress through senescence, and indicated that limiting N and elevated O-3, separately and in combination, caused an acceleration of senescence. These results suggest that reductions in crop productivity in growing regions with poor soil fertility will be exacerbated by rising background O-3. C1 [Yendrek, Craig R.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] ARS, USDA, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Leisner, Courtney P.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM Lisa.Ainsworth@ars.usda.gov NR 84 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 104 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 19 IS 10 BP 3155 EP 3166 DI 10.1111/gcb.12237 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210OS UT WOS:000323844200022 PM 23625780 ER PT J AU Chappell, A Webb, NP Butler, HJ Strong, CL McTainsh, GH Leys, JF Rossel, RAV AF Chappell, Adrian Webb, Nicholas P. Butler, Harry J. Strong, Craig L. McTainsh, Grant H. Leys, John F. Rossel, Raphael A. Viscarra TI Soil organic carbon dust emission: an omitted global source of atmospheric CO2 SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Australia; carbon accounting; carbon budgets; carbon dioxide; dust emission; soil organic carbon ID EROSION; DEPOSITION; LOSSES; BUDGET; IMPACT; CYCLE; SINK AB Soil erosion redistributes soil organic carbon (SOC) within terrestrial ecosystems, to the atmosphere and oceans. Dust export is an essential component of the carbon (C) and carbon dioxide (CO2) budget because wind erosion contributes to the C cycle by removing selectively SOC from vast areas and transporting C dust quickly offshore; augmenting the net loss of C from terrestrial systems. However, the contribution of wind erosion to rates of C release and sequestration is poorly understood. Here, we describe how SOC dust emission is omitted from national C accounting, is an underestimated source of CO2 and may accelerate SOC decomposition. Similarly, long dust residence times in the unshielded atmospheric environment may considerably increase CO2 emission. We developed a first approximation to SOC enrichment for a well-established dust emission model and quantified SOC dust emission for Australia (5.83Tg CO2-eyr(-1)) and Australian agricultural soils (0.4Tg CO2-eyr(-1)). These amount to underestimates for CO2 emissions of approximate to 10% from combined C pools in Australia (year=2000), approximate to 5% from Australian Rangelands and approximate to 3% of Australian Agricultural Soils by Kyoto Accounting. Northern hemisphere countries with greater dust emission than Australia are also likely to have much larger SOC dust emission. Therefore, omission of SOC dust emission likely represents a considerable underestimate from those nations' C accounts. We suggest that the omission of SOC dust emission from C cycling and C accounting is a significant global source of uncertainty. Tracing the fate of wind-eroded SOC in the dust cycle is therefore essential to quantify the release of CO2 from SOC dust to the atmosphere and the contribution of SOC deposition to downwind C sinks. C1 [Chappell, Adrian; Rossel, Raphael A. Viscarra] CSIRO Land & Water, CSIRO Sustainable Agr Natl Res Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Webb, Nicholas P.] NMSU, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Butler, Harry J.] Univ So Queensland, Australian Ctr Sustainable Catchments, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Strong, Craig L.; McTainsh, Grant H.; Leys, John F.] Griffith Univ, Atmospher Environm Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. [Leys, John F.] NSW Off Environm & Heritage, Sci Serv Div, Gunnedah, NSW 2380, Australia. RP Chappell, A (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, CSIRO Sustainable Agr Natl Res Flagship, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM adrian.chappell@csiro.au RI viscarra rossel, raphael/B-4061-2011; Chappell, Adrian/A-7058-2011 OI viscarra rossel, raphael/0000-0003-1540-4748; Chappell, Adrian/0000-0002-0694-7348 FU CSIRO Sustainable Agriculture National Research Flagship; Caring for Our Country project 'Wind Erosion Extent and Severity Maps for Australia' [A0000007341] FX This research was partially funded to A.C. by the CSIRO Sustainable Agriculture National Research Flagship and to J.F.L. by the Caring for Our Country project 'Wind Erosion Extent and Severity Maps for Australia' (A0000007341). NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 59 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 19 IS 10 BP 3238 EP 3244 DI 10.1111/gcb.12305 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210OS UT WOS:000323844200028 PM 23897802 ER PT J AU Saha, GC Vandemark, GJ AF Saha, Gopesh C. Vandemark, George J. TI Stability of Expression of Reference Genes Among Different Lentil (Lens culinaris) Genotypes Subjected to Cold Stress, White Mold Disease, and Aphanomyces Root Rot SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Abiotic stress; Gene expression; Grain legume; Real-time PCR; White mold; Aphanomyces root rot ID REAL-TIME PCR; RT-PCR; ABIOTIC STRESS; NORMALIZATION; VALIDATION; SELECTION; EUTEICHES AB Precise quantification of differences in gene expression between plants requires the use of "reference" genes, which are stably expressed across different lines and treatments and serve as endogenous controls for normalizing gene expression data. The objectives of this study were to determine the expression stability of several reference genes across five different lentil varieties subjected to either cold stress, inoculation with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of white mold disease, or inoculation with Aphanomyces euteiches, the causal agent of Aphanomyces root rot. Expression stability was examined in the stems and leaves of plants subjected to cold stress or inoculation with S. sclerotiorum and in the roots of plants inoculated with A. euteiches. Real-time PCR assays (SYBR Green) were designed for six different genes: translation initiation factor (TIF), 18S rRNA, actin, beta-tubulin-2, beta-tubulin-3, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. TIF, actin, and 18S rRNA tended to be the most stably expressed genes, with expression stability (M) values less than 0.5 during cold stress and inoculation with A. euteiches. Two reference genes were required to normalize data from plants exposed to cold stress or inoculated with A. euteiches. The reference genes exhibited the lowest expression stability in plants inoculated with S. sclerotiorum, for which five reference genes were required to normalize data. The reference genes reported in this study appear to have a promise for examining gene expression in lentil foliar and root tissues in response to diverse abiotic and biotic factors. C1 [Saha, Gopesh C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Vandemark, George J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Saha, GC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM gopesh_saha@wsu.edu; george.vandemark@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1109 EP 1115 DI 10.1007/s11105-013-0579-y PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 208HY UT WOS:000323669900006 ER PT J AU Batra, P Das, SK Salinardi, T Robinson, L Saltzman, E Scott, T Pittas, AG Roberts, SB AF Batra, Payal Das, Sai Krupa Salinardi, Taylor Robinson, Lisa Saltzman, Edward Scott, Tammy Pittas, Anastassios G. Roberts, Susan B. TI Relationship of cravings with weight loss and hunger. Results from a 6 month worksite weight loss intervention SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Food cravings; Weight loss; Worksite; Hunger; Energy metabolism ID FOOD-CRAVINGS; HEALTHY WOMEN; LOW-CALORIE; QUESTIONNAIRE; VALIDATION; STATE; RESTRICTION; PREVENTION; APPETITE; OBESITY AB We examined the association of food cravings with weight loss and eating behaviors in a lifestyle intervention for weight loss in worksites. This research was part of a randomized controlled trial of a 6-month weight loss intervention versus a wait-listed control in 4 Massachusetts worksites. The intervention emphasized reducing energy intake by adherence to portion-controlled menu suggestions, and assessments were obtained in 95 participants at baseline and 6 months including non-fasting body weight, food cravings (Craving Inventory and Food Craving Questionnaire for state and trait) and the eating behavior constructs restraint, disinhibition and hunger (Eating Inventory). There were statistically significant reductions in all craving variables in the intervention group compared to the controls. Within the intervention group, changes in craving-trait were significantly associated with weight loss after controlling for baseline weight, age, gender and worksite. However, in a multivariate model with craving-trait and eating behaviors (restraint, disinhibition and hunger), hunger was the only significant predictor of weight change. In contrast to some previous reports of increased food cravings with weight loss in lifestyle interventions, this study observed a broad reduction in cravings associated with weight loss. In addition, greater reductions in craving-trait were associated with greater weight change, but craving-trait was not a significant independent correlate of weight change when hunger was included in statistical models. Studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of hunger suppressing versus craving-suppressing strategies in lifestyle interventions for obesity. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Batra, Payal; Das, Sai Krupa; Salinardi, Taylor; Robinson, Lisa; Saltzman, Edward; Scott, Tammy; Roberts, Susan B.] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Energy Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Robinson, Lisa] Boston Childrens Hosp, New Balance Fdn Obes Prevent Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Pittas, Anastassios G.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Boston, MA USA. RP Roberts, SB (reprint author), Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Energy Metab Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM susan.roberts@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-0014]; Tufts University; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University [H15001-DAX023] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture agreement no. 58-1950-0-0014 with Tufts University and H15001-DAX023 by the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 34 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 EI 1095-8304 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 69 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2013.05.002 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 194BQ UT WOS:000322606400001 PM 23684901 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T Chen, TA O'Connor, T Hughes, S Beltran, A Frankel, L Diep, C Baranowski, JC AF Baranowski, Tom Chen, Tzu-An O'Connor, Teresia Hughes, Sheryl Beltran, Alicia Frankel, Leslie Diep, Cassandra Baranowski, Janice C. TI Dimensions of vegetable parenting practices among preschoolers SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE Parenting practices; Vegetables; Psychometrics; Preschoolers; Factor analysis ID DIETARY PATTERNS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; YOUNG FINNS; FRUIT; CHILDHOOD; CONSUMPTION; PREVENTION; ADULTHOOD; CHILDREN; WEIGHT AB The objective of this study was to determine the factor structure of 31 effective and ineffective vegetable parenting practices used by parents of preschool children based on three theoretically proposed factors: responsiveness, control and structure. The methods employed included both corrected item-total correlations and confirmatory factor analysis. Acceptable fit was obtained only when effective and ineffective parenting practices were analyzed separately. Among effective items the model included one second order factor (effectiveness) and the three proposed first order factors. The same structure was revealed among ineffective items, but required correlated paths be specified among items. A theoretically specified three factor structure was obtained among 31 vegetable parenting practice items, but likely to be effective and ineffective items had to be analyzed separately. Research is needed on how these parenting practices factors predict child vegetable intake. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baranowski, Tom; Chen, Tzu-An; O'Connor, Teresia; Hughes, Sheryl; Beltran, Alicia; Frankel, Leslie; Diep, Cassandra; Baranowski, Janice C.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tbaranow@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD058175]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6001] FX This work was funded by a Grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD058175) to the first author. This work is also a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and had been funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6001. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the US government. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 69 BP 89 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2013.05.015 PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 194BQ UT WOS:000322606400012 PM 23727397 ER PT J AU Li, JH Hunt, JF Cai, ZY Zhou, XY AF Li, Jinghao Hunt, John F. Cai, Zhiyong Zhou, Xianyan TI Bending analyses for 3D engineered structural panels made from laminated paper and carbon fabric SO COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Laminates; Carbon fiber; Finite element analysis (FEA); Mechanical testing ID DESIGN AB This paper presents analysis of a 3-dimensional engineered structural panel (3DESP) having a tri-axial core structure made from phenolic impregnated laminated-paper composites with and without high-strength composite carbon-fiber fabric laminated to the outside of both faces. Both I-beam equations and finite element method were used to analyze four-point bending of the panels. Comparisons were made with experimental panels. In this study, four experimental panels were fabricated and analyzed to determine the influence of the carbon-fiber on bending performance. The materials properties for finite element analyses (FEA) and I-beam equations were obtained from either the manufacturer or in-house material tensile tests. The results of the FEA and I-beam equations were used to compare with the experimental 3DESP four-point bending tests. The maximum load, face stresses, shear stresses, and apparent modulus of elasticity were determined. For the I-beam equations, failure was based on maximum stress values. For FEA, the Tsai-Wu strength failure criterion was used to determine structural materials failure. The I-beam equations underestimated the performance of the experimental panels. The FEA-estimated load values were generally higher than the experimental panels exhibiting slightly higher panel properties and load capacity. The addition of carbon-fiber fabric to the face of the panels influenced the failure mechanism from face buckling to panel shear at the face rib interface. FEA provided the best comparison with the experimental bending results for 3DESP. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Li, Jinghao; Zhou, Xianyan] Cent South Univ Forest & Technol, Coll Civil Engn & Mech, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Li, Jinghao; Hunt, John F.; Cai, Zhiyong] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Hunt, JF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jfhunt@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Products Laboratory; Plan Projects of Introducing Advanced International Forestry Technology [2010-4-14] FX This work is supported by USDA Forest Products Laboratory and Plan Projects of Introducing Advanced International Forestry Technology (2010-4-14). NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-8368 J9 COMPOS PART B-ENG JI Compos. Pt. B-Eng. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 53 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.04.041 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 203KZ UT WOS:000323293400003 ER PT J AU Valerio, M Tomecek, M Lovelli, S Ziska, L AF Valerio, Maria Tomecek, Martha Lovelli, Stella Ziska, Lewis TI Assessing the impact of increasing carbon dioxide and temperature on crop-weed interactions for tomato and a C-3 and C-4 weed species SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Competition; CO2; Photosynthetic Pathway; Temperature; Tomato; Weed ID RELATIVE LEAF-AREA; CO2 ENRICHMENT; YIELD LOSS; COMPETITION; RESPONSES; GROWTH; PLANTS; MODEL AB Based on the carboxylation kinetics of the C-3 and C-4 photosynthetic pathway, it is anticipated that C-3 crops may be favored over C-4 weeds as atmospheric CO2 increases. In the current study, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), a C-3 crop species, was grown at ambient ( 400 mu mol mol(-1)) and enhanced carbon dioxide ( 800 mu mol mol(-1)) with and without two common weeds, lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), a C-3 weed, and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), a C-4 weed, from seedling emergence until mutual shading of crop-weed leaves. Because growth temperature is also likely to change in concert with rising CO2, the experiment was repeated at day/night temperatures of 21/12 and 26/18 degrees C. For both day/night temperatures, elevated CO2 exacerbated weed competition from both the C-3 and C-4 weed species. A model based on relative leaf area following emergence was used to calculate potential crop losses from weeds. This analysis indicated that potential crop losses increased from 33 to 55% and from 32 to 61% at the 21/12 and 26/18 degrees C day/night temperatures, for ambient and elevated CO2, respectively. For the current study, reductions in biomass and projected yield of tomato appeared independent of the photosynthetic pathway of the competing weed species. This may be due to inherent variation and overlap in the growth response of C-3 and C-4 species, whether weeds or crops, to increasing CO2 concentration. Overall, these results suggest that as atmospheric CO2 and/or temperature increases, other biological interactions, in addition to photosynthetic pathway, deserve additional consideration in predicting competitive outcomes between weeds and crops. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Valerio, Maria] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Tomecek, Martha; Ziska, Lewis] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lovelli, Stella] Univ Basilicata, Dept Crop Syst Forestry & Environm Sci, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Ziska, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Bldg 1,Room 323,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM l.ziska@ars.usda.gov RI Lovelli, Stella/K-8575-2015 OI Lovelli, Stella/0000-0002-8535-8639 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 98 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 50 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.eja.2013.05.006 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 204IZ UT WOS:000323360300007 ER PT J AU Scorza, R Callahan, A Dardick, C Ravelonandro, M Polak, J Malinowski, T Zagrai, I Cambra, M Kamenova, I AF Scorza, Ralph Callahan, Ann Dardick, Chris Ravelonandro, Michel Polak, Jaroslav Malinowski, Tadeusz Zagrai, Ioan Cambra, Mariano Kamenova, Ivanka TI Genetic engineering of Plum pox virus resistance: 'HoneySweet' plum-from concept to product SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Review DE Fruit breeding; Genetic engineering regulation; Genetic Modification; Pathogen-derived resistance; Plum; Prunus domestica; Rapid cycle breeding; Risk assessment; RNAi; siRNA; Rosaceae; Sharka; Transgenic plants ID PRUNUS-DOMESTICA L.; COAT PROTEIN GENE; PAPAYA RINGSPOT VIRUS; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; TRANSGENIC EUROPEAN PLUMS; ARMENIACA L.; SHARKA DISEASE; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL GENE; NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT AB Sharka disease, caused by Plum pox virus (PPV) was first recorded in Bulgaria during the early twentieth century and since that first report, the disease has progressively spread throughout Europe and more recently to Asia, Africa, North and South America. Few PPV resistance genes have been found to naturally occur in Prunus and this has led to the investigation of biotech approaches to the development of resistance through genetic engineering (GE). A notable example of the utility of this approach is 'HoneySweet' plum. PPV protection in this case is based on RNA interference (RNAi) and resistance has been shown to be highly effective, stable, durable, and heritable as a dominant trait. Extensive testing and risk assessment of 'HoneySweet' in laboratory, greenhouse and in the field for over 20 years has demonstrated not only the effectiveness but also the safety of the technology. 'HoneySweet' has been cleared for cultivation in the USA. By the appropriate regulatory agencies. The development and regulatory approval of 'HoneySweet' demonstrate the ability of RNAi technology to contribute to the sustainability of stone fruit production in regions impacted by PPV. Although it has taken almost 100 years since the identification of sharka, we are now able to effectively protect stone fruit species against this disease through the application of GE. C1 [Scorza, Ralph; Callahan, Ann; Dardick, Chris] ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Ravelonandro, Michel] INRA Bordeaux, UMR Biol Fruit & Pathol 1332, Villenave Dornon, France. [Polak, Jaroslav] Res Inst Crop Prod, CR-16106 Prague, Czech Republic. [Malinowski, Tadeusz] Inst Hort, Skierniewice, Poland. [Zagrai, Ioan] Fruit Res & Dev Stn Bistrita, Bistrita, Romania. [Cambra, Mariano] IVIA, Valencia, Spain. [Kamenova, Ivanka] AgroBioInstitute, Sofia, Bulgaria. RP Scorza, R (reprint author), ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM Ralph.Scorza@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Cambra Alvarez, Mariano/O-6367-2014 OI Cambra Alvarez, Mariano/0000-0003-2170-9521 FU Czech Ministry of Agriculture [QI101A123, 0002700604]; Romania by EU [QLK3-CT-2002-02140]; Romanian Research Ministry [37/2003] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the following persons and organizations that have contributed scientific expertise or otherwise supported the 'HoneySweet' research and development effort: A. Atanassov, J. Dougherty, L. Fortis, L. Georgi, J. Kumar, Black Sea Biotechnology Association, USDA-Foreign Agricultural Service, G. Llacer (Spain), B. Zawadzka (Poland) and N. Minoiu (Romania) who initiated ` HoneySweet' field tests in Europe. The field test in Spain was initiated under EU-BIOTECH FP4- "Risk assessment of genetically engineered woody plants expressing virus coat protein gene" (1996-1999). Studies undertaken in the Czech Republic were supported by the Czech Ministry of Agriculture, Grants No. QI101A123, and No. 0002700604 and in Romania by EU contract "TRANSVIR" QLK3-CT-2002-02140 and by the Romanian Research Ministry, contract 37/2003. NR 148 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 81 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1007/s11240-013-0339-6 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 204RO UT WOS:000323386400001 ER PT J AU Karlen, DL Cambardella, CA Kovar, JL Colvin, TS AF Karlen, Douglas L. Cambardella, Cynthia A. Kovar, John L. Colvin, Thomas S. TI Soil quality response to long-term tillage and crop rotation practices SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Conservation tillage; Basic cation saturation ratio (BCSR); Maize; Soybean; Soil-testing; Soil properties ID MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK; EXTRACTION METHOD; GREAT-PLAINS; SYSTEM; NITROGEN; CORN; CARBON; IOWA AB Soil quality is influenced by inherent and anthropogenic factors. This study was conducted to provide multiple groups guidance on how to achieve and maintain improved soil quality/health. Our hypothesis was that tillage intensity was the primary anthropogenic factor degrading soil quality, and our objective was to prove that hypothesis through an intensive 2005 sampling of a central Iowa, USA field study. Chisel plow, disk tillage, moldboard plow, ridge-till and no-till treatments, used for 31 years in a two-year, corn (Zea mays L.)/soybean [Glycine max (L.) Melt] (C/S) rotation or for 26 years of continuous corn (CC) production, were evaluated by measuring 23 potential soil quality indicators. Soil samples from 0 to 5- and 5 to 15-cm depth increments were collected from 158 loam or clay loam sampling sites throughout the 10-ha study site. Nine of the indicators were evaluated by depth increment using the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) which has scoring functions for 13 soil biological, chemical, and physical measurements and can be used to compute individual indicator indices and an overall soil quality index (SQI). Water-stable aggregation (WSA), total organic carbon (TOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN) were all significantly lower for the 0 to 5-cm and generally lower for 5 to 15-cm increments after long-term moldboard plowing and its associated secondary tillage operations. This presumably reflected greater physical breakup and oxidation of above- and below-ground plant residues. Bray-P concentrations in moldboard plow plots were also significantly lower at both depth increments. Between soil texture groups, significant differences were found for WSA, Bray-P, TOC and MBC at both depth increments and for both cropping systems. When combined into an overall SQI both soil texture groups were functioning at 82-85% of their potential at 0-5-cm and at 75% of their potential at the 5-15-cm depth. Our hypothesis that moldboard plowing would have the greatest negative effect on soil quality indicators was verified. Based on this assessment, we recommend that to achieve and maintain good soil health, producers should strive to adopt less aggressive tillage practices. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Karlen, Douglas L.; Cambardella, Cynthia A.; Kovar, John L.] USDA ARS, NLAE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Colvin, Thomas S.] USDA ARS, Cambridge, IA 50046 USA. RP Karlen, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, NLAE, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM Doug.Karlen@ars.usda.gov; Cindy.Cambardella@ars.usda.gov; John.Kovar@ars.usda.gov; oxfrdfrm@huxcomm.net FU Numerous USDA-ARS; Iowa State University (ISU) FX Numerous USDA-ARS and Iowa State University (ISU) research support personnel have contributed to the care and maintenance of the plots and data associated with this long-term assessment. Without their dedication, this type of long-term, tillage system evaluation would not have been feasible. NR 46 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 10 U2 236 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 133 BP 54 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.still.2013.05.013 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 200TK UT WOS:000323093600008 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Westfall, JA Zhu, K Johnson, DJ AF Woodall, C. W. Westfall, J. A. Zhu, K. Johnson, D. J. TI Assessing the effect of snow/water obstructions on the measurement of tree seedlings in a large-scale temperate forest inventory SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE; MICHIGAN; NITROGEN; PROGRAM; GROWTH; SNOW; USA AB National-scale forest inventories have endeavoured to include holistic measurements of forest health inclusive of attributes such as downed dead wood and tree regeneration that occur in the forest understory. Inventories may require year-round measurement of inventory plots with some of these measurements being affected by seasonal obstructions (e.g. snowpacks and seasonal flooding). In order to assess the potential effects that snow/water obstructions may have on the measurement/analysis of forest seedlings across large scales, the differences in seedling abundance between two inventory measurements (5-year remeasurement period) and as affected by snow/water depth was ascertained using a repeated forest inventory across the eastern US. Results indicate that there is a general trend of decreasing seedling density over time (33.16 seedlings ha(1) year(1)) in the eastern US, with snow/water depths in excess of 15 cm significantly affecting resulting estimates of seedling abundance. Although snow/water obstruction to seedling measurement occurred on 9 per cent of inventory plots across the eastern US, snow was a much more common situation occurring on nearly 50 per cent of plots (at time 1, 2 or both) at high latitudes (45). Given the statistically significant effect of snow/water on seedling abundance estimates, tree regeneration assessments should not include observations obstructed by snow/water depths that exceed minimum seedling heights. Furthermore, seedling abundance inventories may mitigate the influence of measurement obstructions by sampling only during the summer or incorporating climate information into their sampling logistics. C1 [Woodall, C. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Westfall, J. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Zhu, K.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Johnson, D. J.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us RI Zhu, Kai/H-1022-2013; OI Zhu, Kai/0000-0003-1587-3317; Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD OCT PY 2013 VL 86 IS 4 BP 421 EP 427 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpt013 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 198XU UT WOS:000322958100003 ER PT J AU Hojilla-Evangelista, MP AF Hojilla-Evangelista, Mila P. TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Agr Res Serv, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Hojilla-Evangelista, MP (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. EM Mila.HojillaEvangelista@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0169-4243 J9 J ADHES SCI TECHNOL JI J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 18-19 SI SI BP 1967 EP 1971 DI 10.1080/01694243.2012.755792 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 198UK UT WOS:000322947600001 ER PT J AU Imam, SH Bilbao-Sainz, C Chiou, BS Glenn, GM Orts, WJ AF Imam, Syed H. Bilbao-Sainz, Cristina Chiou, Bor-Sen Glenn, Gregory M. Orts, William J. TI Biobased adhesives, gums, emulsions, and binders: current trends and future prospects SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biobased; adhesives; gums; binders; emulsions ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; SOY PROTEIN; LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE; WOOD ADHESIVES; BY-PRODUCTS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL MODIFICATION; POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL); PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PHENOLIC RESINS AB Biopolymers derived from renewable resources are an emerging class of advanced materials that offer many useful properties for a wide range of food and nonfood applications. Current state of the art in research and development of renewable polymers as adhesives, gums, binders, and emulsions is the subject of this review. Much of the focus will be on major biopolymers such as starch, proteins, lignin, oils, and their derivatives found in both natural and modified forms, but other biopolymers of promising commercial interest will also be included where warranted. Polymers produced in nature are remarkably diverse in their chemistry, thermomechanical properties, rheology, plasticity, and chemical reactivity. In particular, their capacity to undergo a wide array of chemical modifications yields materials with tailored properties suitable for use as adhesives, gums, coatings, emulsions, and binders. Many such materials are now widely used in commercial products like building materials, lubricants, sealants, coatings, bonding aids, pharmaceuticals, paper, glues, flocculants, processed and frozen foods, as well as tissue engineering and bone repair products. This review provides a general overview of biobased polymers highlighting their source, availability, properties, and usage in industrial products along with the future prospects, challenges, and opportunities they offer. C1 [Imam, Syed H.; Bilbao-Sainz, Cristina; Chiou, Bor-Sen; Glenn, Gregory M.; Orts, William J.] Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Imam, SH (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM syed.imam@ars.usda.gov NR 193 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 126 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0169-4243 J9 J ADHES SCI TECHNOL JI J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 18-19 SI SI BP 1972 EP 1997 DI 10.1080/01694243.2012.696892 PG 26 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 198UK UT WOS:000322947600002 ER PT J AU O'Dell, JL Hunt, CG Frihart, CR AF O'Dell, Jane L. Hunt, Christopher G. Frihart, Charles R. TI High temperature performance of soy-based adhesives SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE soy; wood; structural adhesive; heat resistance; fire resistance ID GLASS-TRANSITION; WOOD; CURE; RHEOLOGY; FILMS; WATER AB We studied the high temperature performance of soy meal processed to different protein concentrations (flour, concentrate, and isolate), as well as formulated soy-based adhesives, and commercial nonsoy adhesives for comparison. No thermal transitions were seen in phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde (PRF) or soy-phenol-formaldehyde (SoyPF) or in as-received soy flour adhesive during differential scanning calorimetry scans heating at 10 degrees C/min between 35 and 235 degrees C. Heat flow rates decreased in the order soy flour (as received)>SoyPF>PRF>emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI). In thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) scans from 110 to 300 degrees C at 2 degrees C/min, total weight loss decreased in the order soy flour (as-received)>SoyPF>PRF>casein>maple>EPI. For bio-based materials, the total weight loss (TGA) decreased in the order soy flour (as-received) > concentrate, casein>isolate. Dynamic mechanical analysis from 35 to 235 degrees C at 5 degrees C/min of two veneers bonded by cured adhesive showed 30-40% decline in storage modulus for maple compared to 45-55% for the adhesive made from soy flour in water (Soy Flour) and 70-80% for a commercial poly(vinyl acetate) modified for heat resistance. DMA on glass fiber mats showed thermal softening temperatures increasing in the order Soy Flour99% during administration of either antibiotic (P < 0.0001) and were still less than controls at the end of the withdrawal period (P < 0.0001). Fecal samples from horses challenged with ceftiofur had 75% fewer lactobacilli than those from control horses at the end of the antibiotic challenge period (P < 0.05). Antibiotic challenged horses also shed more salmonella than control horses (P < 0.05). Antibiotics had no effect on the number of Clostridium perfringens isolates. There was no detectable Clostridium difficile during adaptation or in any control horse. C. difficile increased (P < 0.0001) to approximately 10(4) cfu/g when horses were challenged with antibiotics, and were still detectable 1 week after withdrawal. These results indicate that antibiotics can disrupt the normal gastrointestinal microbiota and allow proliferation of Salmonella spp. and C difficile. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Harlow, Brittany E.; Lawrence, Laurie M.; Flythe, Michael D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Flythe, Michael D.] ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Flythe, MD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, N-220 Ag Sci North, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM michael.flythe@ars.usda.gov RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010; OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169; Harlow, Brittany/0000-0002-2269-351X FU Kentucky Racing Commission - Equine Drug Research Council; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station; United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service FX The information reported in this paper (#12-07-126) is part of a project of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and is published with the approval of the Director. The work was funded by the Kentucky Racing Commission - Equine Drug Research Council, and the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. MF was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service. We would like to thank Mieke Brummer, Ashley Fowler, Gloria Gellin, Susan Hayes, Christine Wilson and Laura Strasinger for technical assistance. We would also like to thank Dr. Eric Vanzant for advice on statistical analysis, and Dr. Veronique Julliand for advice on reproducing her cellulolytic media. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD SEP 27 PY 2013 VL 166 IS 1-2 BP 225 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.003 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 197JS UT WOS:000322848100025 PM 23769300 ER PT J AU Bauermann, FV Harmon, A Flores, EF Falkenberg, SM Reecy, JM Ridpath, JF AF Bauermann, Fernando V. Harmon, Aaron Flores, Eduardo F. Falkenberg, Shollie M. Reecy, James M. Ridpath, Julia F. TI In vitro neutralization of HoBi-like viruses by antibodies in serum of cattle immunized with inactivated or modified live vaccines of bovine viral diarrhea viruses 1 and 2 SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Atypical pestivirus; BVDV3; Neutralizing antibodies; Vaccination ID SYSTEMIC INFECTION; CALVES; PROTECTION; DISEASE; BVDV AB HoBi-like viruses are an emerging species of pestiviruses with genetic and antigenic similarities to bovine viral diarrhea viruses 1 and 2 (BVDV1 and BVDV2). Vaccines for HoBi-like viruses are not yet available. However, both modified live virus (MLV) and killed virus (KV) vaccines against BVDV are widely used worldwide. This study evaluated the cross reactive antibody response against HoBi-like pestiviruses in sera of cattle immunized with BVDV1 and BVDV2 vaccines. Groups "KV" and "MLV", with 25 calves each, received killed or modified live vaccines, respectively, containing both BVDV1 and BVDV2 antigens. The antibody response was evaluated by virus neutralization test. The average of geometric mean titers (GMTs) of neutralizing antibodies in serum against HoBi-like viruses in the MLV group was 12.9, whereas GMTs to BVDV1, BVDV2 and border disease virus (BDV) were 51.1, 23.5, and 12.4, respectively. In this group, neutralizing antibodies against BVDV1, BVDV2, HoBi-like viruses and BDV were detected in 100%, 94%, 68% and 68% of calves, respectively. The GMT of neutralizing antibodies in serum against BVDV1, BVDV2, HoBi-like viruses and BDV in the KV group were 24.7, 14.5, 10.4 and 11, respectively. Similarly, the percentage of animals with neutralizing antibodies against BVDV1, BVDV2, HoBi-like viruses and BDV were 84%, 56%, 34% and 44%, respectively. These results indicate that MLV or killed BVDV1 and BVDV2 vaccines induce a cross reactive antibody response comparatively weak to HoBi-like viruses, and this response would likely not suffice to confer protection. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bauermann, Fernando V.; Flores, Eduardo F.] Dept Vet Prevent Med, Virus Sect, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Harmon, Aaron] Novartis Anim Hlth US Inc, Larchwood, IA 51241 USA. [Falkenberg, Shollie M.; Ridpath, Julia F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Reecy, James M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Ridpath, JF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM julia.ridpath@ars.usda.gov RI flores, eduardo/H-5125-2016 FU ARS [CRADA 58-3K95-2-1547]; Novartis Animal Health [CRADA 58-3K95-2-1547] FX This study was supported by CRADA 58-3K95-2-1547 between ARS and Novartis Animal Health. Thanks to Kathryn McMullen, Patricia Federico and Renae Lesan for their excellent technical assistance. Thanks to Dr. Martin Beer for the viral strain D32/00 HoBi; Dr. Nicola Decaro and Dr. Edward Dubovi for the viral strain Italy-1/10-1 and to Dr. Peter Kirkland for the viral strain BVDV1c-AusB675. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD SEP 27 PY 2013 VL 166 IS 1-2 BP 242 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.04.032 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 197JS UT WOS:000322848100027 PM 23764273 ER PT J AU Lemay, DG Pollard, KS Martin, WF Zadrowski, CF Hernandez, J Korf, I German, JB Rijnkels, M AF Lemay, Danielle G. Pollard, Katherine S. Martin, William F. Zadrowski, Courtneay Freeman Hernandez, Joseph Korf, Ian German, J. Bruce Rijnkels, Monique TI From Genes to Milk: Genomic Organization and Epigenetic Regulation of the Mammary Transcriptome SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION; MOUSE; BIOINFORMATICS; IDENTIFICATION; NEIGHBORHOOD; PRINCIPLES; LACTATION; PATTERNS; DOMAINS AB Even in genomes lacking operons, a gene's position in the genome influences its potential for expression. The mechanisms by which adjacent genes are co-expressed are still not completely understood. Using lactation and the mammary gland as a model system, we explore the hypothesis that chromatin state contributes to the co-regulation of gene neighborhoods. The mammary gland represents a unique evolutionary model, due to its recent appearance, in the context of vertebrate genomes. An understanding of how the mammary gland is regulated to produce milk is also of biomedical and agricultural importance for human lactation and dairying. Here, we integrate epigenomic and transcriptomic data to develop a comprehensive regulatory model. Neighborhoods of mammary-expressed genes were determined using expression data derived from pregnant and lactating mice and a neighborhood scoring tool, G-NEST. Regions of open and closed chromatin were identified by ChIP-Seq of histone modifications H3K36me3, H3K4me2, and H3K27me3 in the mouse mammary gland and liver tissue during lactation. We found that neighborhoods of genes in regions of uniquely active chromatin in the lactating mammary gland, compared with liver tissue, were extremely rare. Rather, genes in most neighborhoods were suppressed during lactation as reflected in their expression levels and their location in regions of silenced chromatin. Chromatin silencing was largely shared between the liver and mammary gland during lactation, and what distinguished the mammary gland was mainly a small tissue-specific repertoire of isolated, expressed genes. These findings suggest that an advantage of the neighborhood organization is in the collective repression of groups of genes via a shared mechanism of chromatin repression. Genes essential to the mammary gland's uniqueness are isolated from neighbors, and likely have less tolerance for variation in expression, properties they share with genes responsible for an organism's survival. C1 [Lemay, Danielle G.; Korf, Ian] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Martin, William F.; German, J. Bruce] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pollard, Katherine S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Gladstone Inst, Inst Human Genet, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Pollard, Katherine S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Zadrowski, Courtneay Freeman; Hernandez, Joseph; Rijnkels, Monique] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Lemay, DG (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dglemay@ucdavis.edu; rijnkel@bcm.edu FU NIH [1R21HD05376, 1R03HD05609]; USDA [6200-51000-048]; California Dairy Research Foundation [09 GEB-01 NH] FX Funding was provided by NIH (1R21HD05376, 1R03HD05609) to MR, USDA (6200-51000-048) to MR, and California Dairy Research Foundation (09 GEB-01 NH) to JBG, MR, and KSP. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e75030 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075030 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 228VP UT WOS:000325220000013 PM 24086428 ER PT J AU Buttery, RG Takeoka, GR AF Buttery, Ron G. Takeoka, Gary R. TI Cooked Carrot Volatiles. AEDA and Odor Activity Comparisons. Identification of Linden Ether as an Important Aroma Component SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE carrots; volatiles; AEDA; odor activity values; linden ether ID DAUCUS-CAROTA L.; CONSTITUENTS; ROOTS AB MS with GC-RI evidence was found for the presence of linden ether in cooked carrot (Daucus carota). Evaluation of the GC effluent from cooked carrot volatiles using aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) found linden ether with the highest flavor dilution (FD) factor. Others with 10-fold lower FD factors were beta-ionone, eugenol, the previously unidentified beta-damascenone, (E)-2-nonenal, octanal (+ myrcene), and heptanal. All other previously identified volatiles showed lower FD factors. Odor thresholds, concentrations, and odor activity values of previously identified compounds are reviewed. This indicated that at least 20 compounds occur in cooked carrots above their odor thresholds (in water). Compounds showing the highest odor activity values included beta-damascenone, (E)-2-nonenal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, beta-ionone, octanal, (E)-2-decenal, eugenol, and p-vinylguaiacol. C1 [Buttery, Ron G.; Takeoka, Gary R.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Buttery, RG (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM ron.buttery@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 25 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 38 BP 9063 EP 9066 DI 10.1021/jf402827e PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 295DI UT WOS:000330096400008 PM 24000828 ER PT J AU Martinelli, F Reagan, RL Uratsu, SL Phu, ML Albrecht, U Zhao, WX Davis, CE Bowman, KD Dandekar, AM AF Martinelli, Federico Reagan, Russell L. Uratsu, Sandra L. Phu, My L. Albrecht, Ute Zhao, Weixiang Davis, Cristina E. Bowman, Kim D. Dandekar, Abhaya M. TI Gene Regulatory Networks Elucidating Huanglongbing Disease Mechanisms SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS-LIBERIBACTER-ASIATICUS; SWEET ORANGE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; METABOLOMIC DIFFERENTIATION; CITRUS-SINENSIS; INFECTED CITRUS; RNA-SEQ; EXPRESSION; FRUIT; L. AB Next-generation sequencing was exploited to gain deeper insight into the response to infection by Candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (CaLas), especially the immune disregulation and metabolic dysfunction caused by source-sink disruption. Previous fruit transcriptome data were compared with additional RNA-Seq data in three tissues: immature fruit, and young and mature leaves. Four categories of orchard trees were studied: symptomatic, asymptomatic, apparently healthy, and healthy. Principal component analysis found distinct expression patterns between immature and mature fruits and leaf samples for all four categories of trees. A predicted protein - protein interaction network identified HLB-regulated genes for sugar transporters playing key roles in the overall plant responses. Gene set and pathway enrichment analyses highlight the role of sucrose and starch metabolism in disease symptom development in all tissues. HLB-regulated genes (glucose-phosphate-transporter, invertase, starch-related genes) would likely determine the source-sink relationship disruption. In infected leaves, transcriptomic changes were observed for light reactions genes (downregulation), sucrose metabolism (upregulation), and starch biosynthesis (upregulation). In parallel, symptomatic fruits over-expressed genes involved in photosynthesis, sucrose and raffinose metabolism, and downregulated starch biosynthesis. We visualized gene networks between tissues inducing a source-sink shift. CaLas alters the hormone crosstalk, resulting in weak and ineffective tissue-specific plant immune responses necessary for bacterial clearance. Accordingly, expression of WRKYs (including WRKY70) was higher in fruits than in leaves. Systemic acquired responses were inadequately activated in young leaves, generally considered the sites where most new infections occur. C1 [Martinelli, Federico; Reagan, Russell L.; Uratsu, Sandra L.; Phu, My L.; Dandekar, Abhaya M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Martinelli, Federico] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Sistemi Agroambientali, Palermo, Italy. [Albrecht, Ute; Bowman, Kim D.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Zhao, Weixiang; Davis, Cristina E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dandekar, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM amdandekar@ucdavis.edu RI Davis, Cristina/C-4437-2008; Martinelli, Federico/F-7697-2013 FU Citrus Research and Development Foundation in Florida; Citrus Research Board of California FX This research was funded by grants obtained from the Citrus Research and Development Foundation in Florida and the Citrus Research Board of California. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 36 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 25 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e74256 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074256 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 228VC UT WOS:000325218700020 PM 24086326 ER PT J AU Steffan, SA Chikaraishi, Y Horton, DR Ohkouchi, N Singleton, ME Miliczky, E Hogg, DB Jones, VP AF Steffan, Shawn A. Chikaraishi, Yoshito Horton, David R. Ohkouchi, Naohiko Singleton, Merritt E. Miliczky, Eugene Hogg, David B. Jones, Vincent P. TI Trophic Hierarchies Illuminated via Amino Acid Isotopic Analysis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AQUATIC FOOD-WEB; STABLE-ISOTOPES; DISCRIMINATION FACTORS; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; DELTA-N-15 VALUES; CONSUMER-DIET; FRACTIONATION; ECOLOGY; POSITION AB Food web ecologists have long sought to characterize the trophic niches of animals using stable isotopic analysis. However, distilling trophic position from isotopic composition has been difficult, largely because of the variability associated with trophic discrimination factors (inter-trophic isotopic fractionation and routing). We circumvented much of this variability using compound-specific isotopic analysis (CSIA). We examined the N-15 signatures of amino acids extracted from organisms reared in pure culture at four discrete trophic levels, across two model communities. We calculated the degree of enrichment at each trophic level and found there was a consistent trophic discrimination factor (similar to 7.6 parts per thousand). The constancy of the CSIA-derived discrimination factor permitted unprecedented accuracy in the measurement of animal trophic position. Conversely, trophic position estimates generated via bulk-N-15 analysis significantly underestimated trophic position, particularly among higher-order consumers. We then examined the trophic hierarchy of a free-roaming arthropod community, revealing the highest trophic position (5.07) and longest food chain ever reported using CSIA. High accuracy in trophic position estimation brings trophic function into sharper focus, providing greater resolution to the analysis of food webs. C1 [Steffan, Shawn A.] ARS, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Steffan, Shawn A.; Singleton, Merritt E.; Hogg, David B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Chikaraishi, Yoshito; Ohkouchi, Naohiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Inst Biogeosci, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. [Horton, David R.; Miliczky, Eugene] ARS, USDA, Yakima Area Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. [Jones, Vincent P.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Dept Entomol, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Steffan, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM steffan2@wisc.edu RI Ohkouchi, Naohiko/B-2071-2008 FU USDA-ARS [3655-21220-001-00D, 5352-22430-001-13] FX Funding was provided by USDA-ARS appropriated funds (3655-21220-001-00D), as well as grant funds (5352-22430-001-13). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 64 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 25 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e76152 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076152 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 228VC UT WOS:000325218700122 PM 24086703 ER PT J AU Yakirevich, A Pachepsky, YA Gish, TJ Guber, AK Kuznetsov, MY Cady, RE Nicholson, TJ AF Yakirevich, A. Pachepsky, Y. A. Gish, T. J. Guber, A. K. Kuznetsov, M. Y. Cady, R. E. Nicholson, T. J. TI Augmentation of groundwater monitoring networks using information theory and ensemble modeling with pedotransfer functions SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Groundwater monitoring network; Contaminant transport model; Ensemble modeling; Sequential design ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; SAMPLING DESIGN; WATER-FLOW; DISCRIMINATION; UNCERTAINTY; INFERENCE; LOCATION; AQUIFERS AB Improving understanding of chemical transport in the subsurface commonly employs evolving groundwater monitoring networks. The objective of this work was to apply the information theory to propose an objective algorithm for augmenting a subsurface monitoring network (SMN) with the purpose of discrimination of conceptually different subsurface flow and transport models. This method determines new monitoring locations where the Kullback-Leibler total information gain is maximized. The latter is computed based on estimates of the uncertainty in modeling results and uncertainty in observations. The method was applied to discriminate models in (1) a synthetic case of groundwater contamination from a point source; (2) the tracer experiment conducted at the USDA-ARS OPE3 research site where a pulse of KCL solution was applied with irrigation water and CL- concentrations were subsequently monitored. Models were compared that included or ignored the effect of subsurface soil lenses on chemical transport. Pedotransfer functions were used to develop the ensemble of models for estimating the uncertainty in modeling results obtained with the numerical 3D flow and transport model. Peak tracer breakthrough concentrations were used to define the information gains. The determination of the new locations to augment existing ones was conducted on a 2-D grid. The information gain peaked in small area, and additional observation locations were very well spatially defined. Well-calibrated models provided a single optimal location, whereas, if models were not calibrated well, the Bayesian estimates of the new observation location depended on the activation sequence assumed for existing locations. The information gain maximization can suggest data collection locations to reduce uncertainties in the conceptual models of subsurface flow and transport. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yakirevich, A.; Kuznetsov, M. Y.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. [Pachepsky, Y. A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gish, T. J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Guber, A. K.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cady, R. E.; Nicholson, T. J.] US Regulatory Commiss, Off Regulatory Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm & Food Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 173, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 FU U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Comission [IA-RES-08-134]; USDA-ARS [IA-RES-08-134] FX This research was supported by the interagency agreement IA-RES-08-134 between U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Comission and USDA-ARS. The authors wish to thank Dr. R. Neupauer and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD SEP 25 PY 2013 VL 501 BP 13 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.032 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 231BP UT WOS:000325388300002 ER PT J AU Reifsnider, E McCormick, DP Cullen, KW Szalacha, L Moramarco, MW Diaz, A Reyna, L AF Reifsnider, Elizabeth McCormick, David P. Cullen, Karen W. Szalacha, Laura Moramarco, Michael W. Diaz, Abigail Reyna, Lucy TI A randomized controlled trial to prevent childhood obesity through early childhood feeding and parenting guidance: rationale and design of study SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Childhood obesity; Home visiting; Community approach ID ACCULTURATION-RATING-SCALE; MEXICAN-AMERICANS-II; NON-HISPANIC INFANTS; RISK-FACTORS; TODDLERS; CHILDREN; TRAJECTORIES; HEALTH; SLEEP AB Background: Early and rapid growth in Infants is strongly associated with early development and persistence of obesity in young children. Substantial research has linked child obesity/overweight to increased risks for serious health outcomes, which include adverse physical, psychological, behavioral, or social consequences. Methods/design: The goal of this study is to compare the effectiveness of structured Community Health Worker (CHW) provided home visits, using an intervention created through community-based participatory research, to standard care received through the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) office visits in preventing the development of overweight (weight/length >= 85th percentile) and obesity (weight/ length >= 95th percentile) in infants during their first 3 years of life. One hundred forty pregnant women in their third trimester (30-36 weeks) will be recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Discussion: This study will provide prospective data on the effects of an intervention to prevent childhood obesity in children at high risk for obesity due to ethnicity, income, and maternal body mass index (BMI). It will have wideranging applicability and the potential for rapid dissemination through the WIC program, and will demonstrate the effectiveness of a community approach though employing CHWs in preventing obesity during the first 3 years of life. This easy-to-implement obesity prevention intervention can be adapted for many locales and diverse communities and can provide evidence for policy change to influence health throughout life. C1 [Reifsnider, Elizabeth; Moramarco, Michael W.] Arizona State Univ, Coll Nursing & Hlth Innovat, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [McCormick, David P.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sch Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Cullen, Karen W.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Szalacha, Laura] Ohio State Univ, Coll Nursing, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Diaz, Abigail] Houston Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Houston, TX 77054 USA. [Reyna, Lucy] Reina Enterprises, Houston, TX 77023 USA. RP Reifsnider, E (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Coll Nursing & Hlth Innovat, 500 N 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. EM Elizabeth.Reifsnider@asu.edu FU National Institute of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [5R01DK096488-02]; Arizona State University's College of Nursing and Health Innovation; Texas Department of State Health Services; Women, Infants and Children Program (WIC); Houston Department of Health and Human Services WIC Program FX This is funded by a grant from the National Institute of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (5R01DK096488-02). Funding also comes from Arizona State University's College of Nursing and Health Innovation. A special thanks is given to the Texas Department of State Health Services, Women, Infants and Children Program (WIC), and the Houston Department of Health and Human Services WIC Program for their support of this research. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 23 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD SEP 24 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 880 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-880 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 283XG UT WOS:000329279700002 PM 24063435 ER PT J AU Zhao, YY Collins, HP Knowles, NR Oraguzie, N AF Zhao, Yunyang Collins, Harold P. Knowles, N. Richard Oraguzie, Nnadozie TI Respiratory activity of 'Chelan', 'Bing' and 'Selah' sweet cherries in relation to fruit traits at green, white-pink, red and mahogany ripening stages SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Sweet cherry; Respiration; Pedicel-fruit retention force; Fruit size; Firmness; Soluble solids content ID PRUNUS-AVIUM L.; CULTIVARS; QUALITY; ABSCISSION; HARVEST; ACID; ROOTSTOCKS; RETENTION; MATURITY; ETHYLENE AB Sweet cherry fruit development is subjectively sub-divided into four stages on the basis of exocarp color, which includes green, white-pink, red and mahogany stages. 'Chelan', 'Bing' and 'Selah', representing early-, mid- and late-season cultivars, respectively, and three different abscission-responses, were selected to explore the relationships between respiratory activity, fruit quality attributes, and pedicel-fruit retention force (PFRF) at the four developmental stages. Respiratory rate was higher in the early ripening cultivar ('Chelan') than in the mid- or late ripening cultivars at maturity. However, the cultivars showed similar respiration patterns with a rapid decline of respiration at the green stage followed by a gradual decline, irrespective of abscission behavior or ripening date. A small respiratory peak was observed from the end of the green stage to the beginning of the white-pink stage. Firmness and pedicel retention force (the force required to break the stem and to separate the stem from the fruit) were positively correlated at all stages of fruit development; however, these attributes were negatively correlated with fruit size, particularly at the white-pink and mahogany stages. Also, both firmness and pedicel retention force were greatest at the transition of green and white-pink stages. Fruit respiration rate increased as PFRF increased and decreased as fruit weight, size, soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) increased in all three cultivars. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zhao, Yunyang; Oraguzie, Nnadozie] Washington State Univ, IAREC, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Collins, Harold P.] ARS, USDA, IAREC, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Knowles, N. Richard] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Oraguzie, N (reprint author), Washington State Univ, IAREC, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM noraguzie@wsu.edu FU USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative FX We thank Rebecca Cochran and Dr. Jason Streubel for assistance with respiratory analyses and data collection, and the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative for funding the research. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD SEP 24 PY 2013 VL 161 BP 239 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2013.07.012 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 233UP UT WOS:000325595300036 ER PT J AU Wu, J Kong, XY Shi, C Gu, YQ Jin, CY Gao, LZ Jia, JZ AF Wu, Jing Kong, Xiuying Shi, Chao Gu, Yongqiang Jin, Cuiyun Gao, Lizhi Jia, Jizeng TI Dynamic Evolution of Rht-1 Homologous Regions in Grass Genomes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS; BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; ORYZA-SATIVA; POLYPLOID WHEAT; DRAFT SEQUENCE; GENE; MODEL; RICE; MAIZE; L. AB Hexaploid bread wheat contains A, B, and D three subgenomes with its well-characterized ancestral genomes existed at diploid and tetraploid levels, making the wheat act as a good model species for studying evolutionary genomic dynamics. Here, we performed intra- and inter-species comparative analyses of wheat and related grass genomes to examine the dynamics of homologous regions surrounding Rht-1, a well-known "green revolution" gene. Our results showed that the divergence of the two A genomes in the Rht-1 region from the diploid and tetraploid species is greater than that from the tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. The divergence of D genome between diploid and hexaploid is lower than those of A genome, suggesting that D genome diverged latter than others. The divergence among the A, B and D subgenomes was larger than that among different ploidy levels for each subgenome which mainly resulted from genomic structural variation of insertions and, perhaps deletions, of the repetitive sequences. Meanwhile, the repetitive sequences caused genome expansion further after the divergence of the three subgenomes. However, several conserved non-coding sequences were identified to be shared among the three subgenomes of wheat, suggesting that they may have played an important role to maintain the homolog of three subgenomes. This is a pilot study on evolutionary dynamics across the wheat ploids, subgenomes and differently related grasses. Our results gained new insights into evolutionary dynamics of Rht-1 region at sequence level as well as the evolution of wheat during the plolyploidization process. C1 [Wu, Jing; Kong, Xiuying; Jin, Cuiyun; Jia, Jizeng] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Crop Germplasm Resources & Utilizat, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Minist Agr,Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Shi, Chao; Gao, Lizhi] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Plant Germplasm & Genom Ctr, Germplasm Bank Wild Species Southwest China, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Gu, Yongqiang] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Gao, LZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Plant Germplasm & Genom Ctr, Germplasm Bank Wild Species Southwest China, Kunming, Peoples R China. EM Lgao@mail.kib.ac.cn; Jiajizeng@caas.cn FU 863 project from Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011AA100104]; Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province [2008CC016]; Talents Program of Yunnan Province [20080A009]; Hundreds Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Chinese Academy of Science [KSCX2-YW-N-029]; Chinese Department of Science and Technology (973 Program) [2007CB815703]; Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS FX The research was funded by 863 project (2011AA100104) from Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (2008CC016), Talents Program of Yunnan Province (20080A009), the Hundreds Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), a grant from the Chinese Academy of Science (KSCX2-YW-N-029), a grant from Chinese Department of Science and Technology (973 Program 2007CB815703), and a start-up grant from Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 24 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e75544 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075544 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 226HG UT WOS:000325025200047 PM 24086561 ER PT J AU Tang, HB Cuevas, HE Das, S Sezen, UU Zhou, CB Guo, H Goff, VH Ge, ZX Clemente, TE Paterson, AH AF Tang, Haibao Cuevas, Hugo E. Das, Sayan Sezen, Uzay U. Zhou, Chengbo Guo, Hui Goff, Valorie H. Ge, Zhengxiang Clemente, Thomas E. Paterson, Andrew H. TI Seed shattering in a wild sorghum is conferred by a locus unrelated to domestication SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE cereal crop; seed dispersal; association mapping ID WRKY TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; MAP-BASED ANALYSIS; RICE DOMESTICATION; ARABIDOPSIS FRUIT; GENETIC-LOCI; GRASSES; SENESCENCE; MUTATIONS; CEREALS; DEFENSE AB Suppression of seed shattering was a key step during crop domestication that we have previously suggested to be convergent among independent cereal lineages. Positional, association, expression, and mutant complementation data all implicate a WRKY transcription factor, SpWRKY, in conferring shattering to a wild sorghum relative, Sorghum propinquum. We hypothesize that SpWRKY functions in a manner analogous to Medicago and Arabidopsis homologs that regulate cell wall biosynthesis genes, with low expression toward the end of floral development derepressing downstream cell wall biosynthesis genes to allow deposition of lignin that initiates the abscission zone in the seed-pedicel junction. The recent discovery of a YABBY locus that confers shattering within Sorghum bicolor and other cereals validated our prior hypothesis that some parallel domestication may have been convergent. Ironically, however, the shattering allele of SpWRKY appears to be recently evolved in S. propinquum and illustrates a case in which the genetic control of a trait in a wild relative fails to extrapolate even to closely related crops. Remarkably, the SpWRKY and YABBY loci lie only 300 kb apart and may have appeared to be a single genetic locus in some sorghum populations. C1 [Tang, Haibao; Cuevas, Hugo E.; Das, Sayan; Sezen, Uzay U.; Zhou, Chengbo; Guo, Hui; Goff, Valorie H.; Paterson, Andrew H.] Univ Georgia, Plant Genome Mapping Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Tang, Haibao] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Ctr Genom & Biotechnol, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, Peoples R China. [Tang, Haibao] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Cuevas, Hugo E.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Ge, Zhengxiang; Clemente, Thomas E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Paterson, AH (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Plant Genome Mapping Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM paterson@uga.edu RI Tang, Haibao/A-6715-2011; OI Tang, Haibao/0000-0002-3460-8570; Guo, Hui/0000-0001-7830-8564 FU US Department of Agriculture [01-35301-10595] FX We thank B. Richardson for assistance with light microscopy and the late K. F. Schertz for key contributions to the early stages of this work. Financial support was provided by US Department of Agriculture Grant 01-35301-10595 (to A.H.P.). NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 32 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 24 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 39 BP 15824 EP 15829 DI 10.1073/pnas.1305213110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 222XE UT WOS:000324765100068 PM 24019506 ER PT J AU Halofsky, JE Hemstrom, MA Conklin, DR Halofsky, JS Kerns, BK Bachelet, D AF Halofsky, Jessica E. Hemstrom, Miles A. Conklin, David R. Halofsky, Joshua S. Kerns, Becky K. Bachelet, Dominique TI Assessing potential climate change effects on vegetation using a linked model approach SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Dynamic global vegetation models; State-and-transition models; Vegetation dynamics; Wildfire ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; ECOSYSTEMS; USA; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA; DYNAMICS; FIRE; SCENARIOS AB We developed a process that links the mechanistic power of dynamic global vegetation models with the detailed vegetation dynamics of state-and-transition models to project local vegetation shifts driven by projected climate change. We applied our approach to central Oregon (USA) ecosystems using three climate change scenarios to assess potential future changes in species composition and community structure. Our results suggest that: (1) legacy effects incorporated in state-and-transition models realistically dampen climate change effects on vegetation; (2) species-specific response to fire built into state-and-transition models can result in increased resistance to climate change, as was the case for ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests, or increased sensitivity to climate change, as was the case for some shrublands and grasslands in the study area; and (3) vegetation could remain relatively stable in the short term, then shift rapidly as a consequence of increased disturbance such as wildfire and altered environmental conditions. Managers and other land stewards can use results from our linked models to better anticipate potential climate-induced shifts in local vegetation and resulting effects on wildlife habitat. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Halofsky, Jessica E.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hemstrom, Miles A.] USDA Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Conklin, David R.; Bachelet, Dominique] Conservat Biol Inst, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Halofsky, Joshua S.] Washington State Dept Nat Resources, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Kerns, Becky K.] USDA Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Halofsky, JE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jhalo@uw.edu FU Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region; USDA Forest Service Southwest Region FX This work was funded by the Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, and was conducted as a part of the Integrated Landscape Assessment Project, which was funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, and the USDA Forest Service Southwest Region. We thank Crystal Raymond and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. NR 70 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD SEP 24 PY 2013 VL 266 BP 131 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.07.003 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 217JT UT WOS:000324356500014 ER PT J AU Keane, RE Cary, GJ Flannigan, MD Parsons, RA Davies, ID King, KJ Li, C Bradstock, RA Gill, M AF Keane, Robert E. Cary, Geoffrey J. Flannigan, Mike D. Parsons, Russell A. Davies, Ian D. King, Karen J. Li, Chao Bradstock, Ross A. Gill, Malcolm TI Exploring the role of fire, succession, climate, and weather on landscape dynamics using comparative modeling SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Simulation modeling; Model comparison; Succession; Landscape dynamics; Landscape ecology; Wildland fire ID TASMANIAN BUTTONGRASS MOORLANDS; SOUTH-WEST TASMANIA; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; AUSTRALIA; FORESTS; SIMULATION; DISTURBANCE; SENSITIVITY; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT AB An assessment of the relative importance of vegetation change and disturbance as agents of landscape change under current and future climates would (1) provide insight into the controls of landscape dynamics, (2) help inform the design and development of coarse scale spatially explicit ecosystem models such as Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs), and (3) guide future land management and planning. However, quantification of landscape change from vegetation development and disturbance effects is difficult because of the large space and long time scales involved. Comparative simulation modeling experiments, using a suite of models to simulate a set of scenarios, can provide a platform for investigating landscape change over more ecologically appropriate time and space scales that control vegetation and disturbance. We implemented a multifactorial simulation experiment using five landscape fire succession models to explore the role of fire and vegetation development under various climates on a neutral landscape. The simulation experiment had four factors with two or three treatments each: (1) fire (fire and no fire), (2) succession (dynamic and static succession), (3) climate (historical, warm-wet, warm-dry), and (4) weather (constant, variable). We found that, under historical climates, succession changed more area annually than fire by factors of 1.2 to 34, but one model simulated more landscape change from fire (factor of 0.1). However, we also found that fire becomes more important in warmer future climates with factors decreasing to below zero for most models. We also found that there were few differences in simulation results between weather scenarios with low or high variability. Results from this study show that there will be a shift from vegetation processes that control today's landscape dynamics to fire processes under future warmer and drier climates, and this shift means that detailed representations of both succession and fire should be incorporated into models to realistically simulate interactions between disturbance and vegetation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Keane, Robert E.; Parsons, Russell A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Cary, Geoffrey J.; Davies, Ian D.; King, Karen J.; Gill, Malcolm] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Cary, Geoffrey J.; Bradstock, Ross A.; Gill, Malcolm] Bushfire Cooperat Res Ctr, Melbourne, Australia. [Flannigan, Mike D.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Flannigan, Mike D.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Li, Chao] Canadian Forest Serv, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Bradstock, Ross A.] Dept Environm & Conservat, Hurstville, NSW, Australia. RP Keane, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Highway 10 West, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM rkeane@fs.fed.us RI Flannigan, Michael/G-6996-2015 OI Flannigan, Michael/0000-0002-9970-5363 FU Australian National University; National Science Foundation; Wildfire-PIRE project; Joint Fire Science Program; National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis FX We thank the Australian National University, National Science Foundation funded Wildfire-PIRE project, Joint Fire Science Program, and National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis for support. We also thank Scott Stephens, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California, Berkeley for help designing the simulation experiment; Lisa Holsinger US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, for statistical analysis; and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. NR 93 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD SEP 24 PY 2013 VL 266 BP 172 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.06.020 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 217JT UT WOS:000324356500016 ER PT J AU Gilbert, MK Bland, JM Shockey, JM Cao, H Hinchliffe, DJ Fang, DD Naoumkina, M AF Gilbert, Matthew K. Bland, John M. Shockey, Jay M. Cao, Heping Hinchliffe, Doug J. Fang, David D. Naoumkina, Marina TI A Transcript Profiling Approach Reveals an Abscisic Acid-Specific Glycosyltransferase (UGT73C14) Induced in Developing Fiber of Ligon lintless-2 Mutant of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LEGUME MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; PLANT-GROWTH SUBSTANCES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE; GENOMICS APPROACH; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; EXPRESSION; METABOLISM; OVULES; GENE AB Ligon lintless-2, a monogenic dominant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber mutation, causing extreme reduction in lint fiber length with no pleiotropic effects on vegetative growth, represents an excellent model system to study fiber elongation. A UDP-glycosyltransferase that was highly expressed in developing fibers of the mutant Ligon lintless-2 was isolated. The predicted amino acid sequence showed similar to 53% similarity with Arabidopsis UGT73C sub-family members and the UDP-glycosyltransferase was designated as UGT73C14. When expressed in Escherichia coli as a recombinant protein with a maltose binding protein tag, UGT73C14 displayed enzymatic activity toward ABA and utilized UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose as the sugar donors. The recombinant UGT73C14 converted natural occurring isoform (+)-cis, trans-ABA better than (+)-trans, trans-ABA and (-)-cis, trans-ABA. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants constitutively overexpressing UGT73C14 did not show phenotypic changes under standard growth conditions. However, the increased glycosylation of ABA resulted in phenotypic changes in post-germinative growth and seedling establishment, confirming in vivo activity of UGT73C14 for ABA. This suggests that the expression level of UGT73C14 is regulated by the observed elevated levels of ABA in developing fibers of the Li-2 mutant line and may be involved in the regulation of ABA homeostasis. C1 [Gilbert, Matthew K.; Fang, David D.; Naoumkina, Marina] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, New Orleans, LA USA. [Bland, John M.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food Proc & Sensory Qual Res Unit, New Orleans, LA USA. [Shockey, Jay M.; Cao, Heping] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, New Orleans, LA USA. [Hinchliffe, Doug J.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Chem & Utilizat Res Unit, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Naoumkina, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA USA. EM marina.naoumkina@ars.usda.gov OI Shockey, Jay/0000-0002-5057-5457; fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [6435-21000-017-00D]; Cotton Incorporated project [12-210] FX This research was funded by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service project number 6435-21000-017-00D and Cotton Incorporated project number 12-210. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR UNSP e75268 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075268 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 246EK UT WOS:000326520200094 PM 24086489 ER PT J AU Wu, SF Sun, FD Qi, YX Yao, Y Fang, Q Huang, J Stanley, D Ye, GY AF Wu, Shun-Fan Sun, Fang-Da Qi, Yi-Xiang Yao, Yao Fang, Qi Huang, Jia Stanley, David Ye, Gong-Yin TI Parasitization by Cotesia chilonis Influences Gene Expression in Fatbody and Hemocytes of Chilo suppressalis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RICE STEM BORER; PLUTELLAE BRACOVIRUS SUPPRESSES; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LARVAE; SERINE PROTEINASE HOMOLOGS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; PTEROMALUS-PUPARUM; DIAMONDBACK MOTH; LIFE-SPAN; DEVELOPMENTAL ARREST; RNA-SEQ AB Background: During oviposition many parasitoid wasps inject various factors, such as polydnaviruses (PDVs), along with eggs that manipulate the physiology and development of their hosts. These manipulations are thought to benefit the parasites. However, the detailed mechanisms of insect host-parasitoid interactions are not fully understood at the molecular level. Based on recent findings that some parasitoids influence gene expression in their hosts, we posed the hypothesis that parasitization by a braconid wasp, Cotesia chilonis, influences the expression of genes responsible for development, metabolism and immune functions in the fatbody and hemocytes of its host, Chilo suppressalis. Methodology/Principal Findings: We obtained 39,344,452 reads, which were assembled into 146,770 scaffolds, and 76,016 unigenes. Parasitization impacted gene expression in fatbody and hemocytes. Of these, 8096 fatbody or 5743 hemocyte unigenes were down-regulated, and 2572 fatbody or 1452 hemocyte unigenes were up-regulated. Gene ontology data showed that the majority of the differentially expressed genes are involved in enzyme-regulated activity, binding, transcription regulator activity and catalytic activity. qPCR results show that most anti-microbial peptide transcription levels were up-regulated after parasitization. Expression of bracovirus genes was detected in parasitized larvae with 19 unique sequences identified from six PDV gene families including ankyrin, CrV1 protein, cystatin, early-expressed (EP) proteins, lectin, and protein tyrosine phosphatase. Conclusions: The current study supports our hypothesis that parasitization influences the expression of fatbody and hemocyte genes in the host, C. suppressalis. The general view is that manipulation of host metabolism and immunity benefits the development and emergence of the parasitoid offsprings. The accepted beneficial mechanisms include the direct impact of parasitoid-associated virulence factors such as venom and polydnavirus on host tissues (such as cell damage) and, more deeply, the ability of these factors to influence gene expression. We infer that insect parasitoids generally manipulate their environments, the internal milieu of their hosts. C1 [Wu, Shun-Fan; Sun, Fang-Da; Qi, Yi-Xiang; Yao, Yao; Fang, Qi; Huang, Jia; Ye, Gong-Yin] Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Minist Agr, Inst Insect Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wu, Shun-Fan; Sun, Fang-Da; Qi, Yi-Xiang; Yao, Yao; Fang, Qi; Huang, Jia; Ye, Gong-Yin] Zhejiang Univ, Minist Agr, Inst Insect Sci, Key Lab Agr Entomol, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Stanley, David] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. RP Huang, J (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Minist Agr, Inst Insect Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM Huangj@zju.edu.cn; chu@zju.edu.cn FU China National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [31025021]; National Program on Key Basic Research Projects (973 Program) [2013CB127600]; China National Science Fund for Innovative Research Groups of Biological Control [31021003]; National Nature Science Foundation of China [31101488] FX This work was supported by the China National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant no. 31025021, http://www.nsfc.gov.cn), the National Program on Key Basic Research Projects (973 Program, 2013CB127600), the China National Science Fund for Innovative Research Groups of Biological Control (Grant no. 31021003, http://www.nsfc.gov.cn), and the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31101488, http://www.nsfc.gov.cn). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 44 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e74309 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074309 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 246EK UT WOS:000326520200027 PM 24086331 ER PT J AU Miller, LA Fagerstone, KA Wagner, RA Finkler, M AF Miller, Lowell A. Fagerstone, Kathleen A. Wagner, Robert A. Finkler, Mark TI Use of a GnRH vaccine, GonaCon (TM), for prevention and treatment of adrenocortical disease (ACD) in domestic ferrets SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adrenocortical disease (ACD); Adrenal hormones; Domestic ferret; GonaCon; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); Mustela putorius furo ID DESLORELIN ACETATE IMPLANTS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; ADRENAL-GLAND; HYPERADRENOCORTICISM; IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION; FERTILITY AB Adrenocortical disease (ACD) is a common problem in surgically sterilized, middle-aged to old ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). The adrenal tissues of these ferrets develop hyperplasia, adenomas, or adenocarcinomas, which produce steroid hormones including estradiol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione. Major clinical signs attributable to overproduction of these hormones are alopecia (hair loss) in both sexes and a swollen vulva in females. Pruritus, muscle atrophy, hind limb weakness, and sexual activity or aggression are also observed in both sexes. Males can develop prostatic cysts, prostatitis, and urethral obstruction. ACD is thought to be linked to continuous and increased LH secretion, due to lack of gonadal hormone feedback in neutered ferrets. This continuous elevated LH acts on adrenal cortex LH receptors, resulting in adrenal hyperplasia or adrenal tumor. This study investigated whether the immunocontraceptive vaccine GonaCon (TM), a GnRH vaccine developed to reduce the fertility of wildlife species and the spread of disease, could prevent or delay onset of ACD and treat alopecia in ferrets with existing ACD. Results showed that GonaCon provided relief from ACD by causing production of antibodies to GnRH, probably suppressing production and/or release of LH. Treatment caused many ACD symptoms to disappear, allowing the ferrets to return to a normal life. The study also found that the probability of developing ACD was significantly reduced in ferrets treated with GonaCon when young (1-3 years old) compared to untreated control animals. GonaCon caused injection site reaction in some animals when administered as an intramuscular injection but caused few side effects when administered subcutaneously. Both intramuscular and subcutaneous vaccination resulted in similar levels of GnRH antibody titers. Subcutaneous vaccination with GonaCon is thus recommended to prevent the onset of ACD and as a possible treatment for ACD-signs in domestic ferrets. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Miller, Lowell A.; Fagerstone, Kathleen A.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Wagner, Robert A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Div Lab Anim Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Finkler, Mark] Roanoke Anim Hosp, Roanoke, VA 24014 USA. RP Fagerstone, KA (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Lowell.a.miller@aphis.usda.gov; Kathleen.a.fagerston@aphis.usda.gov; bwagner@pitt.edu; finklerrah@cox.net NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 41 BP 4619 EP 4623 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.035 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 239FP UT WOS:000326008300023 PM 23906891 ER PT J AU del Cacho, E Gallego, M Lillehoj, HS Quilez, J Lillehoj, EP Sanchez-Acedo, C AF del Cacho, Emilio Gallego, Margarita Lillehoj, Hyun S. Quilez, Joaquin Lillehoj, Erik P. Sanchez-Acedo, Caridad TI Tetraspanin-3 regulates protective immunity against Eimeria tenella infection following immunization with dendritic cell-derived exosomes SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Tspan-3; Exosome; Dendritic cell; Eimeria tenella; Chicken ID GONDII INFECTION; COCCIDIOSIS; ANTIGEN; VACCINE; INDUCTION; CONTRIBUTES; ACERVULINA; BIOGENESIS; RESPONSES; SELECTION AB The effects of immunization with dendritic cell (DC) exosomes, which had been incubated with a tetraspanin-3 (Tspan-3) blocking antibody (Ab) or with an isotype-matched non-immune IgG, were studied using an experimental model of Eimeria tenella avian coccidiosis. Purified exosomes from cecal tonsil and splenic DCs expressed Tspan-3 protein. Chickens injected with exosomes incubated with the control IgG and derived from cecal tonsil DCs preloaded in vitro with E. tenella Ag had Ag-immunostaining cells in the ceca, but not the spleen. Conversely, Ag-containing cells were found only in the spleen, but not the ceca, of chickens given IgG treated splenic DC exosomes. Interestingly, chickens that received exosomes incubated with Tspan-3 Ab had Ag-containing cells observed in both lymphoid organs following administration of exosomes from either DC population. After injection of exosomes non-incubated with Tspan-3 Ab, greater numbers of cells secreting interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-16, interferon-gamma, and E. tenella-reactive Abs were observed in the cecal tonsils of chickens immunized with cecal DC exosomes compared with the spleen. By contrast, more cytokine-and Ab-producing cells were present in the spleen of chickens given splenic DC exosomes compared with the ceca. Incubation with Tspan-3 Ab gave similar numbers of cytokine- and Ab-producing cells in the cecal tonsils and spleen regardless of the source of exosomes. Immunization with E. tenella Ag-loaded cecal tonsil DC exosomes increased in vivo resistance against subsequent E. tenella infection. Increased protection against infection following cecal DC exosome immunization was partially blocked by incubation of exosomes with Tspan-3 Ab. These results suggest that Tspan-3 is involved in the tissue distribution, as well as cytokine and Ab production, following DC exosome administration, and that Tspan-3 contributes to in vivo protection against experimental E. tenella challenge infection following exosomal immunization. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [del Cacho, Emilio; Gallego, Margarita; Quilez, Joaquin; Sanchez-Acedo, Caridad] Univ Zaragoza, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anim Pathol, Zaragoza, Spain. [Lillehoj, Hyun S.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP del Cacho, E (reprint author), Fac Vet, Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza 50013, Spain. EM edelcach@unizar.es FU Research Council of Aragon (Spain) [A46]; USDA-CSREES (US Veterinary Immune Reagent Network) [2005-01812] FX This investigation was partially funded by grant A46 from the Research Council of Aragon (Spain) and USDA-CSREES proposal 2005-01812 (US Veterinary Immune Reagent Network). NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 41 BP 4668 EP 4674 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.109 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 239FP UT WOS:000326008300030 PM 23880365 ER PT J AU Heekin, AM Guerrero, FD Bendele, KG Saldivar, L Scoles, GA Dowd, SE Gondro, C Nene, V Djikeng, A Brayton, KA AF Heekin, Andrew M. Guerrero, Felix D. Bendele, Kylie G. Saldivar, Leo Scoles, Glen A. Dowd, Scot E. Gondro, Cedric Nene, Vishvanath Djikeng, Appolinaire Brayton, Kelly A. TI The ovarian transcriptome of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, feeding upon a bovine host infected with Babesia bovis SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Cattle tick; Rhipicephalus microplus; Babesia bovis; Ovary; Transcriptome; EST ID GENE-EXPRESSION; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; INNATE IMMUNITY; IXODES-RICINUS; IXODIDAE; CLONING; ACARI; HEMOCYTES; TOOL AB Background: Cattle babesiosis is a tick-borne disease of cattle with the most severe form of the disease caused by the apicomplexan, Babesia bovis. Babesiosis is transmitted to cattle through the bite of infected cattle ticks of the genus Rhipicephalus. The most prevalent species is Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, which is distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical countries of the world. The transmission of B. bovis is transovarian and a previous study of the R. microplus ovarian proteome identified several R. microplus proteins that were differentially expressed in response to infection. Through various approaches, we studied the reaction of the R. microplus ovarian transcriptome in response to infection by B. bovis. Methods: A group of ticks were allowed to feed on a B. bovis-infected splenectomized calf while a second group fed on an uninfected splenectomized control calf. RNA was purified from dissected adult female ovaries of both infected and uninfected ticks and a subtracted B. bovis-infected cDNA library was synthesized, subtracting with the uninfected ovarian RNA. Four thousand ESTs were sequenced from the ovary subtracted library and annotated. Results: The subtracted library dataset assembled into 727 unique contigs and 2,161 singletons for a total of 2,888 unigenes, Microarray experiments designed to detect B. bovis-induced gene expression changes indicated at least 15 transcripts were expressed at a higher level in ovaries from ticks feeding upon the B. bovis-infected calf as compared with ovaries from ticks feeding on an uninfected calf. We did not detect any transcripts from these microarray experiments that were expressed at a lower level in the infected ovaries compared with the uninfected ovaries. Using the technique called serial analysis of gene expression, 41 ovarian transcripts from infected ticks were differentially expressed when compared with transcripts of controls. Conclusion: Collectively, our experimental approaches provide the first comprehensive profile of the R. microplus ovarian transcriptome responding to infection by B. bovis. This dataset should prove useful in molecular studies of host-pathogen interactions between this tick and its apicomplexan parasite. C1 [Heekin, Andrew M.; Guerrero, Felix D.; Bendele, Kylie G.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Saldivar, Leo] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Math, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Scoles, Glen A.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] Mol Res, Shallowater, TX 79363 USA. [Gondro, Cedric] Univ New England, Inst Genet & Bioinformat, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Gondro, Cedric; Nene, Vishvanath] ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nene, Vishvanath; Djikeng, Appolinaire] Biosci Eastern & Cent Africa BecA Hub, Nairobi, Kenya. [Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Guerrero, FD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM Felix.Guerrero@ars.usda.gov RI gondro, cedric/B-4362-2010 OI gondro, cedric/0000-0003-0666-656X FU National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES grant [2005-35604-15440] FX LS was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES grant #2005-35604-15440 (to KAB and FDG). This article reports the results of research only. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation of endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 6 AR 276 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-6-276 PG 16 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 234JO UT WOS:000325639600001 PM 24330595 ER PT J AU Hall, MB AF Hall, Mary Beth TI Efficacy of reducing sugar and phenol-sulfuric acid assays for analysis of soluble carbohydrates in feedstuffs SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Analysis; Feed composition; Fructan; Nonstructural carbohydrate; Sugars ID COLORIMETRIC METHOD AB Reducing sugar (RSA) and phenol-sulfuric acid (PSA) assays are commonly used to analyze water-soluble carbohydrates. However, questions have arisen as to their accuracy for measurements of feedstuffs with diverse carbohydrate profiles. This study evaluated the efficacy of RSA and PSA as they would commonly be applied in feed analysis laboratories in measuring a variety of purified carbohydrates. Carbohydrates analyzed were glucose (Glc), fructose (Fru), galactose (Gal), sucrose (Suc), maltose (Mal), lactose (Lac), raffinose (Rat), and inulin (Inu). Variations on the methods used were PSA using Suc (PSA-Suc) or Glc (PSA-Glc) as standard sugars, and RSA with a 50:50 Glc:Fru blend as the standard with four hydrolysis methods: acid hydrolysis with 0.037 M sulfuric acid (RSA-H2SO4) or 0.5 M hydrochloric acid (RSA-HCl), or enzymatic hydrolysis with invertase (RSA-Inv) or an enzyme blend including sucrase, alpha-glucosidase, and beta-galactosidase (RSA-EnzBl). Recovery of carbohydrate was calculated on a dry matter (DM) basis as (carbohydrate detected g/kg DM)/(carbohydrate present kg/kg DM), with 'close to' complete recovery defined as values falling within the range of 920-1080 g/kg. Monosaccharide recovery did not differ between unhydrolyzed vs. hydrolyzed samples in RSA indicating no destruction of carbohydrate by hydrolysis method. For RSA, recoveries of Glc, Fru, and Gal were 979, 1042, and 706 g/kg, respectively. Such response differences among monosaccharides are inherent to RSA, and can affect carbohydrate recovery values. Methods that provided close to complete recovery by carbohydrate were: PSA-Suc and all RSA for Suc; PSA-Glc and RSA-EnzBl for Mal and Lac; PSA-Suc, RSA-H2SO4, RSA-HCl, and RSA-Inv for Raf; and RSA-H2SO4 and RS-HCl for mu. None of the assays gave complete recovery of the diverse set of purified carbohydrates. Allowing a range of 920-1080 g/kg for recoveries on individual carbohydrates, RSA-H2SO4 and RSA-HCl would give the closest to complete recovery values for feeds such as forage and soybean in which Suc, Raf, and Inu were important, whereas RSA-EnzBl would be useful in feeds such as forages or dairy products when Suc, Mal, and Lac are of interest. The allowed 920-1080 g/kg range of acceptable recoveries addresses the point that given very diverse carbohydrate complements of feeds, these assays will not be extremely precise, but may still be serviceable for diet formulation. The most accurate measurements will be achieved by selection of detection method, hydrolysis method, and carbohydrate standard to give greatest recovery of predominant carbohydrates in feedstuffs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM marybeth.hall@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 185 IS 1-2 BP 94 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.06.008 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 222GJ UT WOS:000324718900011 ER PT J AU Pogue, MG Ouellette, GD Harp, CE AF Pogue, Michael G. Ouellette, Gary D. Harp, Charles E. TI A revision of the Schinia volupia (Fitch) species complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE DNA barcoding; COI; taxonomy; synonymy; host plants ID DNA BARCODES; SKIPPER BUTTERFLIES; MOTHS LEPIDOPTERA; GENUS AB DNA barcode analysis of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) could not differentiate between the species of the Schinia volupia (Fitch, 1868) complex including S. volupia, S. masoni Smith, S. fulleri (McElvare, 1961); S. sanrafaeli Opler, 2004; S. miniana (Grote, 1881); and S. biforma Smith, 1906. Genitalic characters could only differentiate S. biforma from the S. volupia complex. Based on forewing color and pattern, larval host plant utilization, and geographic distribution, S. volupia, S. sanrafaeli, S. fulleri, and S. miniana are recognized as valid species and S. masoni is considered a new synonym of S. volupia. Schinia volupia, S. fulleri, S. sanrafaeli, S. miniana, and S. biforma are diagnosed and described. A variety of adult images are presented to show the range of variation among these species. Male and female genitalia of all included taxa are illustrated. Host plant utilization is discussed and illustrated. Distribution maps for examined specimens are provided. C1 [Pogue, Michael G.; Ouellette, Gary D.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst,NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Harp, Charles E.] Colorado State Univ, CP Gillette Museum Arthropod Divers, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Pogue, MG (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst,NMNH, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM michael.pogue@ars.usda.gov; gary.ouellette@ars.usda.gov; cehmoth@aol.com NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 3716 IS 2 BP 157 EP 191 PG 35 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 221UR UT WOS:000324685800003 PM 26106771 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Jenkins, MC Kwok, OCH Ferreira, LR Choudhary, S Verma, SK Villena, I Butler, E Carstensen, M AF Dubey, J. P. Jenkins, M. C. Kwok, O. C. H. Ferreira, L. R. Choudhary, S. Verma, S. K. Villena, I. Butler, E. Carstensen, M. TI Congenital transmission of Neospora caninum in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neospora caninum; White-tailed deer; Odocoileus virginianus; Congenital; Neospora agglutination test ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; DEFINITIVE HOSTS; ANTIBODIES; DIAGNOSIS; PCR; HYBRIDIZATION; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; ANIMALS AB Neosporosis is an important cause of bovine abortion worldwide. Many aspects of transmission of Neospora caninum in nature are unknown. The white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is considered one of the most important wildlife reservoirs of N. caninum in the USA. During the hunting seasons of 2008, 2009, and 2010, brains of 155 white-tailed deer fetuses were bioassayed in mice for protozoal isolation. Viable N. caninum (NcWTDMn1, NcWTDMn2) was isolated from the brains of two fetuses by bioassays in mice, and subsequent propagation in cell culture. Dams of these two infected fetuses had antibodies to N. caninum by Neospora agglutination test at 1:100 serum dilution. DNA obtained from culture-derived N. caninum tachyzoites of the two isolates with Nc5 PCR confirmed diagnosis. Results prove congenital transmission of N. caninum in the white tailed deer for the first time. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Jenkins, M. C.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Ferreira, L. R.; Choudhary, S.; Verma, S. K.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Villena, I.] Hosp Maison Blanche, Biol Resources Ctr Toxoplasma, Natl Reference Ctr Toxoplasmosis, Lab Parasitol Mycol, F-51092 Reims, France. [Butler, E.; Carstensen, M.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Forest Lake, MN 55025 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 196 IS 3-4 BP 519 EP 522 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.03.004 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 210WC UT WOS:000323864500040 PM 23566408 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Aguilar, X Ajzenberg, D Cabezon, O Martinez-Lopez, A Darwich, L Dubey, JP Almeria, S AF Fernandez-Aguilar, X. Ajzenberg, D. Cabezon, O. Martinez-Lopez, A. Darwich, L. Dubey, J. P. Almeria, S. TI Fatal toxoplasmosis associated with an atypical Toxoplasma gondii strain in a Bennett's wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) in Spain SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fatal toxoplasmosis; Toxoplasma gondii; Bennett's wallaby; Macropus rufogriseus; Atypical genotype ID CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; CLONAL TYPE; RECOMBINATION; WIDESPREAD; LINEAGES; GENOTYPE; EUGENII; FRANCE; VULPES; MEAT AB Toxoplasmosis is often fatal in captive wallabies, but the causes of this high susceptibility are not well understood. Here, we report fatal toxoplasmosis in a Bennet's wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) due to an atypical Toxoplasma gondii strain for the first time in Europe. The wallaby was from a colony of 7 Bennet's wallabies that died over a 17-month period at a safari-zoological park in northeastern Spain. Only one of these wallabies was examined at necropsy. T. gondii-like organisms were detected by histological examination in several tissues and the diagnosis was confirmed through detection of T. gondii DNA by PCR. A nested PCR-based assay detected the 200- to 300-fold repetitive 529 bp DNA fragment of T. gondii in a sample of brain tissue. Genotyping analysis with 15 single-copy microsatellite markers was performed on this positive DNA sample and revealed an atypical genotype. Atypical genotypes are frequently associated with severe forms of toxoplasmosis in humans. The present report highlights the possible implications of the introduction of new atypical, more pathogenic T. gondii strains, to non-endemic areas. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernandez-Aguilar, X.; Cabezon, O.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Med & Cirurgia Anim, Fac Vet, Serv Ecopatol Fauna Salvatge SEFaS, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Ajzenberg, D.] Ctr Hosp Univ Dupuytren, Toxoplasma Biol Resource Ctr, Ctr Natl Reference Toxoplasmose, F-87042 Limoges, France. [Ajzenberg, D.] Univ Limoges, Lab Parasitol Mycol, Unite Mixte Rech Neuroepidemiol Tropicale 1094, INSERM,Fac Med, F-87025 Limoges, France. [Martinez-Lopez, A.] Hosp Vet Sala Goron, Sitges, Spain. [Darwich, L.; Almeria, S.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Med Vet, Dept Sanitat & Anat Anim, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Darwich, L.; Almeria, S.] UAB IRTA, Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim CreSA, Barcelona, Spain. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Almeria, S (reprint author), UAB IRTA, Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim CreSA, Barcelona, Spain. EM Sonia.Almeria@uab.cat RI Cabezon, Oscar/L-3812-2014; Almeria, Sonia/N-4663-2014; Darwich, Laila/F-5330-2016; OI Cabezon, Oscar/0000-0001-7543-8371; Almeria, Sonia/0000-0002-0558-5488; Darwich, Laila/0000-0001-9027-9452; Fernandez-Aguilar, Xavier/0000-0002-4939-6048 FU Spanish Government [AGL2012-39830-C02-02] FX We are grateful to the staff of the safari park-zoo, in particular to their director and the zoo-keepers that willingly provided information and available samples. This study was partially financed by a Spanish Government AGL2012-39830-C02-02 grant. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 23 PY 2013 VL 196 IS 3-4 BP 523 EP 527 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.03.001 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 210WC UT WOS:000323864500041 PM 23523164 ER PT J AU Huang, W Siemann, E Yang, XF Wheeler, GS Ding, JQ AF Huang, Wei Siemann, Evan Yang, Xuefang Wheeler, Gregory S. Ding, Jianqing TI Facilitation and inhibition: changes in plant nitrogen and secondary metabolites mediate interactions between above-ground and below-ground herbivores SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE root; shoot; tannins; flavonoids; Bikasha collaris; Triadica sebifera ID MULTITROPHIC INTERACTIONS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CONDENSED TANNINS; INDUCED RESPONSES; DEFENSE; ROOT; INSECTS; RESISTANCE; SPP. AB To date, it remains unclear how herbivore-induced changes in plant primary and secondary metabolites impact above-ground and below-ground herbivore interactions. Here, we report effects of above-ground (adult) and below-ground (larval) feeding by Bikasha collaris on nitrogen and secondary chemicals in shoots and roots of Triadica sebifera to explain reciprocal above-ground and below-ground insect interactions. Plants increased root tannins with below-ground herbivory, but above-ground herbivory prevented this increase and larval survival doubled. Above-ground herbivory elevated root nitrogen, probably contributing to increased larval survival. However, plants increased foliar tannins with above-ground herbivory and below-ground herbivory amplified this increase, and adult survival decreased. As either foliar or root tannins increased, foliar flavonoids decreased, suggesting a trade-off between these chemicals. Together, these results show that plant chemicals mediate contrasting effects of conspecific larval and adult insects, whereas insects may take advantage of plant responses to facilitate their offspring performance, which may influence population dynamics. C1 [Huang, Wei; Yang, Xuefang; Ding, Jianqing] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Siemann, Evan] Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Yang, Xuefang] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Wheeler, Gregory S.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Ding, JQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM dingjianqing@yahoo.com FU China National Basic Study Program [2012CB114104]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31200286]; US National Science Foundation [DEB 0820560]; Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission; Florida Department of Environmental Protection [SL849]; Foreign Visiting Professorship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This study was supported by the China National Basic Study Program (2012CB114104 to J.D.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31200286 to W. H.), the US National Science Foundation (DEB 0820560 to E. S.), the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission and Florida Department of Environmental Protection (SL849 to G. S. W.), and the Foreign Visiting Professorship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (to E. S.). NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 57 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD SEP 22 PY 2013 VL 280 IS 1767 AR 20131318 DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.1318 PG 7 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 298JK UT WOS:000330319800006 PM 23902902 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T Beltran, A Chen, TA Thompson, D O'Connor, T Hughes, S Diep, C Baranowski, J AF Baranowski, Tom Beltran, Alicia Chen, Tzu-An Thompson, Debbe O'Connor, Teresia Hughes, Sheryl Diep, Cassandra Baranowski, Janice TI Psychometric assessment of scales for a Model of Goal Directed Vegetable Parenting Practices (MGDVPP) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Vegetable; Parenting practices; Psychometrics; Model of goal directed behavior; Self determination theory ID CHILDRENS FRUIT; SELF-EFFICACY; PLANNED BEHAVIOR; CONSUMPTION; EDUCATION; EMOTIONS; PATTERNS; VALIDITY AB Background: Vegetable intake has been related to lower risk of chronic illnesses in the adult years. The habit of vegetable intake should be established early in life, but many parents of preschoolers report not being able to get their child to eat vegetables. The Model of Goal Directed Behavior (MGDB) has been employed to understand vegetable parenting practices (VPP) to encourage a preschool child's vegetable intake. The Model of Goal Directed Vegetable Parenting Practices (MGDVPP) provides possible determinants and may help explain why parents use effective or ineffective VPP. Scales to measure effective and ineffective vegetable parenting practices have previously been validated. This manuscript presents the psychometric characteristics and factor structures of new scales to measure the constructs in MGDVPP. Methods: Participants were 307 parents of preschool (i.e. 3 to 5 year old) children, used for both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Data were collected via an internet survey. First, EFA were conducted using the scree plot criterion for factor extraction. Next, CFA assessed the fit of the exploratory derived factors. Then, classical test theory procedures were employed with all scales. Finally, Pearson correlations were calculated between each scale and composite effective and ineffective VPP as a test of scale predictive validity. Results: Twenty-nine subscales (164 items) within 11 scales were extracted. The number of items per subscale ranged from 2 to 13, with three subscales having 10 or more items and 12 subscales having 4 items or less. Cronbach's alphas varied from 0.13 to 0.92, with 17 being 0.70 or higher. Most alphas < 0.70 had only three or four items. Twenty-five of the 29 subscales significantly bivariately correlated with the composite effective or ineffective VPP scales. Discussion: This was the initial examination of the factor structure and psychometric assessment of MGDVPP scales. Most of the scales displayed acceptable to desirable psychometric characteristics. Research is warranted to add items to those subscales with small numbers of items, test their validity and reliability, and characterize the model's influence on child vegetable consumption. C1 [Baranowski, Tom; Beltran, Alicia; Chen, Tzu-An; Thompson, Debbe; O'Connor, Teresia; Hughes, Sheryl; Diep, Cassandra; Baranowski, Janice] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tbaranow@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD058175]; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001] FX This research was funded by a grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD058175) and institutional support from the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Cooperative Agreement no. 58-6250-6001). This manuscript does not represent the views of the USDA. The authors have no conflict of interest. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1479-5868 J9 INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY JI Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. PD SEP 22 PY 2013 VL 10 AR 110 DI 10.1186/1479-5868-10-110 PG 18 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology GA 223CS UT WOS:000324781900001 PM 24053779 ER PT J AU Lee, EF Matthews, MA McElrone, AJ Phillips, RJ Shackel, KA Brodersen, CR AF Lee, Eric F. Matthews, Mark A. McElrone, Andrew J. Phillips, Ronald J. Shackel, Kenneth A. Brodersen, Craig R. TI Analysis of HRCT-derived xylem network reveals reverse flow in some vessels SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Computed tomography; Fluid mechanics; Modeling; Vitis vinifera; Xylella fastidiosa ID VITIS-VINIFERA; ROOT SYSTEMS; WATER; PLANTS; FASTIDIOSA; EFFICIENCY; SAFETY; REDISTRIBUTION; CAVITATION; RELEVANCE AB Long distance water and nutrient transport in plants is dependent on the proper functioning of xylem networks, a series of interconnected pipe-like cells that are vulnerable to hydraulic dysfunction as a result of drought-induced embolism and/or xylem-dwelling pathogens. Here, flow in xylem vessels was modeled to determine the role of vessel connectivity by using three dimensional xylem networks derived from High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) images of grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Chardonnay') stems. Flow in 4-27% of the vessel segments (i.e. any section of vessel elements between connection points associated with intervessel pits) was found to be oriented in the direction opposite to the bulk flow under normal transpiration conditions. In order for the flow in a segment to be in the reverse direction, specific requirements were determined for the location of connections, distribution of vessel endings, diameters of the connected vessels, and the conductivity of the connections. Increasing connectivity and decreasing vessel length yielded increasing numbers of reverse flow segments until a maximum value was reached, after which more interconnected networks and smaller average vessel lengths yielded a decrease in the number of reverse flow segments. Xylem vessel relays also encouraged the formation of reverse flow segments. Based on the calculated flow rates in the xylem network, the downward spread of Xylella fastidiosa bacteria in grape stems was modeled, and reverse flow was shown to be an additional mechanism for the movement of bacteria to the trunk of grapevine. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Eric F.; Phillips, Ronald J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, Eric F.; Matthews, Mark A.; McElrone, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McElrone, Andrew J.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Shackel, Kenneth A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brodersen, Craig R.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. RP Lee, EF (reprint author), 19600 Molalla Ave, Oregon City, OR 97045 USA. EM elee@clackamas.edu; mamatthews@ucdavis.edu; ajmcelrone@ucdavis.edu; rjphillips@ucdavis.edu; kashackel@ucdavis.edu; brodersen@ufl.edu RI Matthews, Mark/A-5714-2010; Brodersen, Craig/J-1112-2016 OI Brodersen, Craig/0000-0002-0924-2570 FU National Science Foundation FX National Science Foundation NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 50 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD SEP 21 PY 2013 VL 333 BP 146 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.05.021 PG 10 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 195FV UT WOS:000322688600016 PM 23743143 ER PT J AU Steinwand, MA Young, HA Bragg, JN Tobias, CM Vogel, JP AF Steinwand, Michael A. Young, Hugh A. Bragg, Jennifer N. Tobias, Christian M. Vogel, John P. TI Brachypodium sylvaticum, a Model for Perennial Grasses: Transformation and Inbred Line Development SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; GRAIN CROPS; DISTACHYON; SELECTION; WHEAT; ARABIDOPSIS; MUTAGENESIS; PROSPECTS; SECURITY AB Perennial species offer significant advantages as crops including reduced soil erosion, lower energy inputs after the first year, deeper root systems that access more soil moisture, and decreased fertilizer inputs due to the remobilization of nutrients at the end of the growing season. These advantages are particularly relevant for emerging biomass crops and it is projected that perennial grasses will be among the most important dedicated biomass crops. The advantages offered by perennial crops could also prove favorable for incorporation into annual grain crops like wheat, rice, sorghum and barley, especially under the dryer and more variable climate conditions projected for many grain-producing regions. Thus, it would be useful to have a perennial model system to test biotechnological approaches to crop improvement and for fundamental research. The perennial grass Brachypodium sylvaticum is a candidate for such a model because it is diploid, has a small genome, is self-fertile, has a modest stature, and short generation time. Its close relationship to the annual model Brachypodium distachyon will facilitate comparative studies and allow researchers to leverage the resources developed for B. distachyon. Here we report on the development of two keystone resources that are essential for a model plant: high-efficiency transformation and inbred lines. Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation we achieved an average transformation efficiency of 67%. We also surveyed the genetic diversity of 19 accessions from the National Plant Germplasm System using SSR markers and created 15 inbred lines. C1 [Steinwand, Michael A.; Young, Hugh A.; Bragg, Jennifer N.; Tobias, Christian M.; Vogel, John P.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Young, Hugh A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bragg, Jennifer N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Vogel, JP (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM john.vogel@ars.usda.gov RI Tobias, Christian/B-6602-2009; OI Tobias, Christian/0000-0002-7881-750X; Vogel, John/0000-0003-1786-2689 FU Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy; USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-21000-017-00] FX This work was supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, and by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5325-21000-017-00. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 53 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 20 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e75180 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075180 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 222YC UT WOS:000324768000057 PM 24073248 ER PT J AU Bezier, A Louis, F Jancek, S Periquet, G Theze, J Gyapay, G Musset, K Lesobre, J Lenoble, P Dupuy, C Gundersen-Rindal, D Herniou, EA Drezen, JM AF Bezier, Annie Louis, Faustine Jancek, Severine Periquet, Georges Theze, Julien Gyapay, Gabor Musset, Karine Lesobre, Jerome Lenoble, Patricia Dupuy, Catherine Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn Herniou, Elisabeth A. Drezen, Jean-Michel TI Functional endogenous viral elements in the genome of the parasitoid wasp Cotesia congregata: insights into the evolutionary dynamics of bracoviruses SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE polydnavirus; bracovirus; parasitoid wasp; obligatory mutualism; comparative genomics ID MICROPLITIS-DEMOLITOR BRACOVIRUS; POLYDNAVIRUS GENOME; CHELONUS-INANITUS; SEQUENCE DATA; REPLICATION; GENES; BRACONIDAE; ORGANIZATION; EXCISION; SEGMENT AB Bracoviruses represent the most complex endogenous viral elements (EVEs) described to date. Nudiviral genes have been hosted within parasitoid wasp genomes since approximately 100 Ma. They play a crucial role in the wasp life cycle as they produce bracovirus particles, which are injected into parasitized lepidopteran hosts during wasp oviposition. Bracovirus particles encapsidate multiple dsDNA circles encoding virulence genes. Their expression in parasitized caterpillars is essential for wasp parasitism success. Here, we report on the genomic organization of the proviral segments (i.e. master sequences used to produce the encapsidated dsDNA circles) present in the Cotesia congregata parasitoid wasp genome. The provirus is composed of a macrolocus, comprising two-thirds of the proviral segments and of seven dispersed loci, each containing one to three segments. Comparative genomic analyses with closely related species gave insights into the evolutionary dynamics of bracovirus genomes. Conserved synteny in the different wasp genomes showed the orthology of the proviral macrolocus across different species. The nudiviral gene odv-e66-like1 is conserved within the macrolocus, suggesting an ancient co-localization of the nudiviral genome and bracovirus proviral segments. By contrast, the evolution of proviral segments within the macrolocus has involved a series of lineage-specific duplications. C1 [Bezier, Annie; Louis, Faustine; Jancek, Severine; Periquet, Georges; Theze, Julien; Musset, Karine; Lesobre, Jerome; Dupuy, Catherine; Herniou, Elisabeth A.; Drezen, Jean-Michel] Univ Tours, CNRS, UMR 7261, Inst Rech Biol Insecte, F-37200 Tours, France. [Gyapay, Gabor; Lenoble, Patricia] Commissariat Energie Atom, Genoscope Ctr Natl Sequencage, F-91057 Evry, France. [Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Drezen, JM (reprint author), Univ Tours, CNRS, UMR 7261, Inst Rech Biol Insecte, Parc Grandmont, F-37200 Tours, France. EM drezen@univ-tours.fr RI Herniou, Elisabeth/B-3786-2016; BEZIER, Annie/B-4429-2016 OI Herniou, Elisabeth/0000-0001-5362-6056; BEZIER, Annie/0000-0002-2528-4260 FU ANR; CNRS [GDR 2153, GDR 2157, IFR 136]; Genoscope (Evry, France); European Research Council [205206] FX We thank Cindy Menoret for taking care of the insects and Germain Chevignon for helpful discussion. The Cotesia congregata proviral locus study was performed as a part of the projects Evparasitoid and Paratoxose supported by the agencies ANR and CNRS (GDR 2153, GDR 2157 and IFR 136) with the collaboration of the Genoscope (Evry, France) and the European Research Council starting grant GENOVIR (205206). This work has been carried out with the technical support of the Genomics Department (PPF ASB) - University F. Rabelais (Tours). NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 24 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD SEP 19 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 1626 AR 20130047 DI 10.1098/rstb.2013.0047 PG 15 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AA6QE UT WOS:000331222100011 PM 23938757 ER PT J AU Die, JV Rowland, LJ AF Die, Jose V. Rowland, Lisa J. TI Superior Cross-Species Reference Genes: A Blueberry Case Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION; SYSTEMATIC VALIDATION; SEED-GERMINATION; RNA QUALITY; TRANSCRIPTOME; NORMALIZATION; QPCR AB The advent of affordable Next Generation Sequencing technologies has had major impact on studies of many crop species, where access to genomic technologies and genome-scale data sets has been extremely limited until now. The recent development of genomic resources in blueberry will enable the application of high throughput gene expression approaches that should relatively quickly increase our understanding of blueberry physiology. These studies, however, require a highly accurate and robust workflow and make necessary the identification of reference genes with high expression stability for correct target gene normalization. To create a set of superior reference genes for blueberry expression analyses, we mined a publicly available transcriptome data set from blueberry for orthologs to a set of Arabidopsis genes that showed the most stable expression in a developmental series. In total, the expression stability of 13 putative reference genes was evaluated by qPCR and a set of new references with high stability values across a developmental series in fruits and floral buds of blueberry were identified. We also demonstrated the need to use at least two, preferably three, reference genes to avoid inconsistencies in results, even when superior reference genes are used. The new references identified here provide a valuable resource for accurate normalization of gene expression in Vaccinium spp. and may be useful for other members of the Ericaceae family as well. C1 [Die, Jose V.; Rowland, Lisa J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Rowland, LJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM Jeannine.Rowland@ars.usda.gov OI Die, Jose V./0000-0002-7506-8590 NR 50 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 30 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e73354 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073354 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 221YD UT WOS:000324695900011 PM 24058469 ER PT J AU Hebert, JB Scheffer, SJ Hawthorne, DJ AF Hebert, Julie B. Scheffer, Sonja J. Hawthorne, David J. TI Reproductive Isolation between Host Races of Phytomyza glabricola on Ilex coriacea and I. glabra SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EUROSTA-SOLIDAGINIS DIPTERA; COMPARATIVE GENOME SCAN; BEBBIANAE LEAF BEETLES; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; DIVERGENT SELECTION; PLANT-QUALITY; TEPHRITIDAE AB Recently diverged taxa often show discordance in genetic divergence among genomic loci, where some loci show strong divergence and others show none at all. Genetic studies alone cannot distinguish among the possible mechanisms but experimental studies on other aspects of divergence may provide guidance in the inference of causes of observed discordances. In this study, we used no-choice mating trials to test for the presence of reproductive isolation between host races of the leaf-mining fly, Phytomyza glabricola on its two holly host species, Ilex coriacea and I. glabra. These trials inform our effort to determine the cause of significant differences in the degree of divergence of nuclear and mitochondrial loci of flies collected from the two host plants. We present evidence of reproductive isolation between host races in a controlled greenhouse setting: significantly more mate pairs consisting of flies from the same host plant species produced offspring than inter-host mate pairs, which produced no offspring. We also tested whether the presence of the natal or non-natal host plant affects reproductive success. Flies collected from I. coriacea were more likely to produce offspring when in the presence of the natal host, whereas the presence or absence of either the natal or non-natal host had no effect on flies collected from I. glabra. The results indicate discordant patterns of nuclear and mitochondrial divergence among host races of P. glabricola are likely due to incomplete lineage sorting, and the host races may be well on their way to becoming biological species. C1 [Hebert, Julie B.] Univ Maryland, Behav Ecol Evolut & Systemat Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hebert, Julie B.; Hawthorne, David J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Scheffer, Sonja J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Hebert, JB (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Behav Ecol Evolut & Systemat Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM julie.b.hebert@gmail.com NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e73976 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073976 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 221YD UT WOS:000324695900026 PM 24058509 ER PT J AU Zhang, YP Snow, DD Parker, D Zhou, Z Li, X AF Zhang, Yuping Snow, Daniel D. Parker, David Zhou, Zhi Li, Xu TI Intracellular and Extracellular Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in the Sludge of Livestock Waste Management Structures SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PLASMID DNA; CONJUGATIVE TRANSPOSONS; NATURAL TRANSFORMATION; BACTERIAL-RESISTANCE; DEGRADATION RATES; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; CLAY-MINERALS; TETRACYCLINE AB The sludge compartment in livestock waste management structures is a potential hotbed for the emergence and proliferation of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria. Little is known about the distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) between the intracellular and extracellular DNA pools in the sludge. The overall objective of this study was to assess the significance of extracellular ARGs to the total ARGs in the sludge of livestock waste management structures. In this study, sludge samples were collected from four cattle manure storage ponds and three swine waste treatment lagoons and analyzed for genetic indicators of resistance. Intracellular DNA (iDNA) and extracellular DNA (eDNA) in the sludge were separately extracted using an optimized protocol. ARGs [sul(I), sul(II), tet(O), tet(Q), and tet(X)] in both the iDNA and eDNA extracts were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and antimicrobials, including sulfonamides and tetracyclines, were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed that eDNA constituted less than 1.5% of the total DNA in sludge. All ARGs tested were detected in nearly all eDNA and iDNA samples. Furthermore, every gram of dry sludge contained from 1.7 x 10(3) to 4.2 x 10(8) copies of extracellular ARG and from 3.2 x 10(7) to 3.2 x 10(10) copies of intracellular ARG. Chlortetracycline concentrations ranged between 187 and 2674 mu g/g of sludge wet weight (ww), while sulfonamide concentrations were lower than 6.3 mu g/g of sludge ww. The detection of ARGs in eDNA extracts suggests that transformation is a potential mechanism in ARG proliferation in the sludge of livestock waste management structures. C1 [Zhang, Yuping; Li, Xu] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Snow, Daniel D.] Univ Nebraska, Water Sci Lab, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Parker, David] USDA, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Zhou, Zhi] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 119077, Singapore. RP Li, X (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, 844 North 16th St, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM xuli@unl.edu RI Li, Xu/K-1957-2014; OI Zhou, Zhi/0000-0003-1252-2626 FU United States Geological Survey (USGS) [104b] FX The authors thank Bryan Woodbury and Zhongtian Li for their help with sample collection and three anonymous reviewers for their comments in improving the manuscript. This research was financially supported by a grant from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) 104b Program. NR 54 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 14 U2 82 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10206 EP 10213 DI 10.1021/es401964s PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000019 PM 23962102 ER PT J AU Laacouri, A Nater, EA Kolka, RK AF Laacouri, Aicam Nater, Edward A. Kolka, Randall K. TI Distribution and Uptake Dynamics of Mercury in Leaves of Common Deciduous Tree Species in Minnesota, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; BOREAL FOREST; PINE NEEDLES; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; AIRBORNE MERCURY; PLANT CUTICLES; METHYL MERCURY AB A sequential extraction technique for compartmentalizing mercury (Hg) in leaves was developed based on a water extraction of Hg from the leaf surface followed by a solvent extraction of the cuticle. The bulk of leaf Hg was found in the tissue compartment (90-96%) with lesser amounts in the surface and cuticle compartments. Total leaf concentrations of Hg varied among species and was most closely correlated with the number of stomates per sample, supporting the hypothesis that stomatal uptake of atmospheric Hg (most likely Hg-0) is a potential uptake pathway. Mercury concentrations in leaves were monitored from emergence to senescence and showed a strong positive correlation with leaf age. Leaves accumulated Hg throughout the growing season; the highest uptake rates coincided with periods of high photosynthetic activity. Concentrations of Hg in leaf tissue increased steadily throughout the season, but no such trends were observed for surficial or cuticular accumulation. Factors affecting the variability of Hg in leaves were analyzed to improve protocols for the potential use of leaves as passive monitors of atmospheric Hg. Results show that total leaf Hg concentrations are affected by leaf age and leaf placement in the crown. C1 [Laacouri, Aicam; Nater, Edward A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Laacouri, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Laac0003@umn.edu NR 103 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 9 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10462 EP 10470 DI 10.1021/es401357z PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000049 PM 23962151 ER PT J AU Ye, M Song, YY Long, J Wang, RL Baerson, SR Pan, ZQ Zhu-Salzman, K Xie, JF Cai, KZ Luo, SM Zeng, RS AF Ye, Mao Song, Yuanyuan Long, Jun Wang, Ruilong Baerson, Scott R. Pan, Zhiqiang Zhu-Salzman, Keyan Xie, Jiefen Cai, Kunzheng Luo, Shiming Zeng, Rensen TI Priming of jasmonate-mediated antiherbivore defense responses in rice by silicon SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Oryza sativa; induced defense; jasmonic acid; mitogen-activated protein kinase ID INSECT HERBIVORES; ELDANA-SACCHARINA; PLANT DEFENSE; GETTING READY; ARABIDOPSIS; RESISTANCE; PROTEIN; ACCUMULATION; PHYTOALEXINS; TRANSPORTER AB Although the function of silicon (Si) in plant physiology has long been debated, its beneficial effects on plant resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses, including insect herbivory, have been well documented. In addition, the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in mediating antiherbivore defense responses in plants. However, potential interactions between JA and Si in response to insect attack have not been examined directly. To explore the role JA may play in Si-enhanced resistance, we silenced the expression of allene oxide synthase (OsAOS; active in JA biosynthesis) and CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (OsCOI1; active in JA perception) genes in transgenic rice plants via RNAi and examined resulting changes in Si accumulation and defense responses against caterpillar Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (rice leaffolder, LF) infestation. Si pretreatment increased rice resistance against LF larvae in wild-type plants but not in OsAOS and OsCOI1 RNAi lines. Upon LF attack, wild-type plants subjected to Si pretreatment exhibited enhanced defense responses relative to untreated controls, including higher levels of JA accumulation; increased levels of transcripts encoding defense marker genes; and elevated activities of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and trypsin protease inhibitor. Additionally, reduced Si deposition and Si cell expansion were observed in leaves of OsAOS and OsCOI1 RNAi plants in comparison with wild-type plants, and reduced steady-state transcript levels of the Si transporters OsLsi1, OsLsi2, and OsLsi6 were observed in Si-pretreated plants after LF attack. These results suggest a strong interaction between Si and JA in defense against insect herbivores involving priming of JA-mediated defense responses by Si and the promotion of Si accumulation by JA. C1 [Ye, Mao; Song, Yuanyuan; Long, Jun; Wang, Ruilong; Zeng, Rensen] South China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Ye, Mao; Song, Yuanyuan; Long, Jun; Wang, Ruilong; Xie, Jiefen; Cai, Kunzheng; Luo, Shiming; Zeng, Rensen] South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Trop Agro Environm, Minist Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Baerson, Scott R.; Pan, Zhiqiang] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Zhu-Salzman, Keyan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Zeng, RS (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM rszeng@scau.edu.cn FU National 973 Project of China [2011CB100400]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31070388, 31028018, 31100286]; Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme; Ph.D. Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China [20104404110004] FX We thank Professor Yao-Guang Liu for providing the pRNAi.5 vector and Dr. May Berenbaum and Dr. Ron A. Salzman for comments on the manuscript. This research was supported financially by the National 973 Project of China Grant 2011CB100400, National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants 31070388, 31028018, and 31100286, the Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme (2010), and the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China Grant 20104404110004. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 8 U2 86 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 38 BP E3631 EP E3639 DI 10.1073/pnas.1305848110 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219GW UT WOS:000324495300014 PM 24003150 ER PT J AU Balke, M Schmidt, S Hausmann, A Toussaint, EFA Bergsten, J Buffington, M Hauser, CL Kroupa, A Hagedorn, G Riedel, A Polaszek, A Ubaidillah, R Krogmann, L Zwick, A Fikacek, M Hajek, J Michat, MC Dietrich, C La Salle, J Mantle, B Ng, PKL Hobern, D AF Balke, Michael Schmidt, Stefan Hausmann, Axel Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A. Bergsten, Johannes Buffington, Matthew Haeuser, Christoph L. Kroupa, Alexander Hagedorn, Gregor Riedel, Alexander Polaszek, Andrew Ubaidillah, Rosichon Krogmann, Lars Zwick, Andreas Fikacek, Martin Hajek, Jiri Michat, Mariano C. Dietrich, Christopher La Salle, John Mantle, Beth Ng, Peter K. L. Hobern, Donald TI Biodiversity into your hands - A call for a virtual global natural history 'metacollection' SO FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mass digitization; Natural history collections; Collection access; Metacollection; Cybertaxonomy; Online resources; Robotic imaging; Accessions; DNA extraction vouchers ID COLLECTIONS; DIGITIZATION; TAXONOMY; SCIENCE AB Background: Many scientific disciplines rely on correct taxon delineations and identifications. So does a great part of the general public as well as decision makers. Researchers, students and enthusiastic amateurs often feel frustrated because information about species remains scattered, difficult to access, or difficult to decipher. Together, this affects almost anyone who wishes to identify species or verify identifications. Many remedies have been proposed, but we argue that the role of natural history collections remains insufficiently appreciated. We suggest using state-of-the-art mass imaging technology and to join forces to create a global natural history metacollection on the internet, providing access to the morphology of tens of millions of specimens and making them available for automated digital image analysis. Discussion: Robotic high-resolution imaging technology and fast (high performance) computer-based image stitching make it now feasible to digitize entire collection drawers typically used for arthropod collections, or trays or containers used for other objects. Resolutions of 500 megapixels and much higher are already utilized to capture the contents of 40x50 cm collection drawers, providing amazing detail of specimens. Flanked by metadata entry, this helps to create access to tens of thousands of specimens in days. By setting priorities and combining the holdings of the most comprehensive collections for certain taxa, drawer digitizing offers the unique opportunity to create a global, virtual metacollection. The taxonomic and geographic coverage of such a collection could never be achieved by a single institution or individual. We argue that by joining forces, many new impulses will emerge for systematic biology, related fields and understanding of biodiversity in general. Digitizing drawers containing unidentified, little-curated specimens is a contribution towards the beginning of a new era of online curation. It also will help taxonomists and curators to discover and process the millions of "gems" of undescribed species hidden in museum accessions. Summary: Our proposal suggests creating virtual, high-resolution image resources that will, for the first time in history, provide access for expert scientists as well as students and the general public to the enormous wealth of the world's natural history collections. We foresee that this will contribute to a better understanding, appreciation and increased use of biodiversity resources and the natural history collections serving this cause. C1 [Balke, Michael; Schmidt, Stefan; Hausmann, Axel; Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A.] Zool Staatssammlung, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Balke, Michael; Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A.] Univ Munich, GeoBio Ctr, Munich, Germany. [Bergsten, Johannes] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Buffington, Matthew] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Haeuser, Christoph L.; Kroupa, Alexander; Hagedorn, Gregor] Museum Nat Kunde, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Riedel, Alexander] Staatliches Museum Nat Kunde Karlsruhe, D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Polaszek, Andrew] Nat Hist Museum, London SW7 5BD, England. [Ubaidillah, Rosichon] Museum Zool Bogoriense, LIPI Div Zool, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia. [Krogmann, Lars; Zwick, Andreas] Staatliches Museum Nat Kunde Stuttgart, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. [Fikacek, Martin; Hajek, Jiri] Natl Museum, Dept Entomol, Prague 14800 4, Czech Republic. [Michat, Mariano C.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Expt, CONICET, Entomol Lab, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dietrich, Christopher] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61801 USA. [La Salle, John] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Atlas Living Australia, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Mantle, Beth] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Australian Natl Insect Collect, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Ng, Peter K. L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore. [Ng, Peter K. L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Raffles Museum Biodivers Res, Singapore 117543, Singapore. [Hobern, Donald] GBIF Secretariat, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Balke, M (reprint author), Zool Staatssammlung, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany. EM Coleoptera-ZSM@zsm.mwn.de RI Mantle, Beth/B-2524-2009; La Salle, John/B-9544-2008; Zwick, Andreas/A-5735-2015; Dietrich, Christopher/A-9169-2016 OI Mantle, Beth/0000-0001-5413-0159; La Salle, John/0000-0002-8816-9569; Hobern, Donald/0000-0001-6492-4016; Dietrich, Christopher/0000-0003-4005-4305 FU European Union; 4D4Life [238988]; pro-iBiosphere [312848]; EFRE EoS project at MFN Berlin FX This project was made possible with the help of BMBF GBIF grant 01LI1001B. Support was also granted by the European Union's 7th Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) with the projects 4D4Life (grant agreement No238988) and pro-iBiosphere (grant agreement No312848) and by the EFRE EoS project at MFN Berlin. We thank Dr John Ascher (National University of Singapore) for many helpful comments which improved this manuscript considerably, and Vojtech Novotny for his encouragement. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 47 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-9994 J9 FRONT ZOOL JI Front. Zool. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 10 AR UNSP 55 DI 10.1186/1742-9994-10-55 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 223HD UT WOS:000324794400001 PM 24044698 ER PT J AU Nigro, D Gu, YQ Huo, NX Marcotuli, I Blanco, A Gadaleta, A Anderson, OD AF Nigro, Domenica Gu, Yong Q. Huo, Naxin Marcotuli, Ilaria Blanco, Antonio Gadaleta, Agata Anderson, Olin D. TI Structural Analysis of the Wheat Genes Encoding NADH-Dependent Glutamine-2-oxoglutarate Amidotransferases and Correlation with Grain Protein Content SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY; GLUTAMATE-SYNTHASE; QUANTITATIVE GENETICS; RICE PLANTS; SYNTHETASE; REMOBILIZATION; NORMALIZATION; METABOLISM; GENOTYPES; LOCATION AB Background: Nitrogen uptake and the efficient absorption and metabolism of nitrogen are essential elements in attempts to breed improved cereal cultivars for grain or silage production. One of the enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism is glutamine-2-oxoglutarate amidotransferase (GOGAT). Together with glutamine synthetase (GS), GOGAT maintains the flow of nitrogen from NH4+ into glutamine and glutamate, which are then used for several aminotransferase reactions during amino acid synthesis. Results: The aim of the present work was to identify and analyse the structure of wheat NADH-GOGAT genomic sequences, and study the expression in two durum wheat cultivars characterized by low and high kernel protein content. The genomic sequences of the three homoeologous A, B and D NADH-GOGAT genes were obtained for hexaploid Triticum aestivum and the tetraploid A and B genes of Triticum turgidum ssp. durum. Analysis of the gene sequences indicates that all wheat NADH-GOGAT genes are composed of 22 exons and 21 introns. The three hexaploid wheat homoeologous genes have high conservation of sequence except intron 13 which shows differences in both length and sequence. A comparative analysis of sequences among di- and mono-cotyledonous plants shows both regions of high conservation and of divergence. qRT-PCR performed with the two durum wheat cvs Svevo and Ciccio (characterized by high and low protein content, respectively) indicates different expression levels of the two NADH-GOGAT-3A and NADH-GOGAT-3B genes. Conclusion: The three hexaploid wheat homoeologous NADH-GOGAT gene sequences are highly conserved - consistent with the key metabolic role of this gene. However, the dicot and monocot amino acid sequences show distinctive patterns, particularly in the transit peptide, the exon 16-17 junction, and the C-terminus. The lack of conservation in the transit peptide may indicate subcellular differences between the two plant divisions - while the sequence conservation within enzyme functional domains remains high. Higher expression levels of NADH-GOGAT are associated with higher grain protein content in two durum wheats. C1 [Nigro, Domenica; Marcotuli, Ilaria; Blanco, Antonio; Gadaleta, Agata] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Sect Genet & Plant Breeding, Dept Soil Plant & Food Sci, Bari, Italy. [Gu, Yong Q.; Huo, Naxin; Anderson, Olin D.] ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Gadaleta, A (reprint author), Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Sect Genet & Plant Breeding, Dept Soil Plant & Food Sci, Bari, Italy. EM agata.gadaleta@agr.uniba.it; olin.anderson@ars.usda.gov OI BLANCO, ANTONIO/0000-0002-2222-1133; Marcotuli, Ilari/0000-0002-0146-5286 FU Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca; USDA Agricultural Research Service [5325-21000-015] FX The research project was supported by grants from Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca, projects 'PON-ISCOCEM' and 'PRIN-2010-11'; and USDA Agricultural Research Service project 5325-21000-015. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e73751 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073751 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219YJ UT WOS:000324547300021 PM 24069228 ER PT J AU Skinner, C Patfield, S Stanker, L He, XH AF Skinner, Craig Patfield, Stephanie Stanker, Larry He, Xiaohua TI Development of Monoclonal Antibodies and Immunoassays for Sensitive and Specific Detection of Shiga Toxin Stx2f SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IN-VITRO; SEQUENCE; VARIANTS; SUBUNIT; GROWTH; ASSAY; MICE; SITE AB Background: Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) is a major virulence factor in gastrointestinal diseases caused by Escherichia coli. Although Stx2a (prototypical Stx2) is well-studied, all seven subtypes of Stx2 have been associated with disease in mammals. Several subtypes of Stx2, including Stx2f, are difficult to detect immunologically. Methods And Findings: Four novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the Stx2f subtype were produced and characterized. These mAbs react exclusively to the Stx2f A subunit, and do not cross-react with other subtypes of Stx2. A Stx2f-specific sandwich ELISA was established and a limit of detection of 0.123 ng/mL was obtained using one pair of the mAbs. The receptor preference of Stx2f was confirmed using this sandwich ELISA. Three out of four mAbs can partially neutralize the toxicity of Stx2f in a cell-based assay. These mAbs were also demonstrated to be highly specific and reactive when applied to colony immunoblot assays. Conclusions: Novel mAbs specific to Stx2f were developed for the first time, providing new assets for the STEC community. Immunoassays with improved sensitivity and specificity will be useful for the detection of Stx2f present in food, environmental, and clinical samples. C1 [Skinner, Craig; Patfield, Stephanie; Stanker, Larry; He, Xiaohua] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP He, XH (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS National Program [NP108]; CRIS [5325-42000-048-00D] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS National Program NP108, CRIS project 5325-42000-048-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e76563 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0076563 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219YJ UT WOS:000324547300098 PM 24069462 ER PT J AU Hosseini, S Urbanski, SP Dixit, P Qi, L Burling, IR Yokelson, RJ Johnson, TJ Shrivastava, M Jung, HS Weise, DR Miller, JW Cocker, DR AF Hosseini, S. Urbanski, S. P. Dixit, P. Qi, L. Burling, I. R. Yokelson, R. J. Johnson, T. J. Shrivastava, M. Jung, H. S. Weise, D. R. Miller, J. W. Cocker, D. R., III TI Laboratory characterization of PM emissions from combustion of wildland biomass fuels SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE biomass burning; emissions; levoglucosan; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; wood; prescribed burns ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; TRACE GASES; BURNING EMISSIONS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; UNITED-STATES; PARTICLE EMISSIONS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ELEMENTAL CARBON AB Particle emissions from open burning of southwestern (SW) and southeastern (SE) U.S. fuel types during 77 controlled laboratory burns are presented. The fuels include SW vegetation types: ceanothus, chamise/scrub oak, coastal sage scrub, California sagebrush, manzanita, maritime chaparral, masticated mesquite, oak savanna, and oak woodland, as well as SE vegetation types: 1 year, 2 year rough, pocosin, chipped understory, understory hardwood, and pine litter. The SW fuels burned at higher modified combustion efficiency (MCE) than the SE fuels resulting in lower particulate matter mass emission factor. Particle mass distributions for six fuels and particle number emission for all fuels are reported. Excellent mass closure (slope=1.00, r(2)=0.94) between ions, metals, and carbon with total weight was obtained. Organic carbon emission factors inversely correlated (R-2=0.72) with average MCE, while elemental carbon (EC) had little correlation with average MCE (R-2=0.10). The EC/total carbon ratio sharply increased with MCE for MCEs exceeding 0.94. The average levoglucosan and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions factors ranged from 25 to 1272mg/kg fuel and 1.8 to 11.3mg/kg fuel, respectively. No correlation between average MCE and emissions of PAHs/levoglucosan was found. Additionally, PAH diagnostic ratios were observed to be poor indicators of biomass burning. Large fuel type and regional dependency were observed in the emission rates of ammonium, nitrate, chloride, sodium, and potassium. C1 [Hosseini, S.; Dixit, P.; Qi, L.; Jung, H. S.; Miller, J. W.; Cocker, D. R., III] Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Urbanski, S. P.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT USA. [Qi, L.] Natl Res Ctr Environm Anal & Measurement, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Burling, I. R.; Yokelson, R. J.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Johnson, T. J.; Shrivastava, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Weise, D. R.] US Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. RP Cocker, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, 1084 Columbia Ave, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM dcocker@engr.ucr.edu RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011; Cocker, David/F-4442-2010; OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808; Cocker, David/0000-0002-0586-0769; Jung, Heejung/0000-0003-0366-7284 FU Department of Defense [RC-1648, RC-1649] FX This work was supported by the Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), resources conservation projects RC-1648 and RC-1649 and we thank our sponsors for their support. NR 89 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 44 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD SEP 16 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 17 BP 9914 EP 9929 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50481 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 232JH UT WOS:000325489300045 ER PT J AU Yun, J Yan, RX Fan, XT Gurtler, J Phillips, J AF Yun, Juan Yan, Ruixiang Fan, Xuetong Gurtler, Joshua Phillips, John TI Fate of E-coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and potential surrogate bacteria on apricot fruit, following exposure to UV-C light SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli O157:H7; Salmonella spp.; Ultraviolet; Post-UV storage; Soft fruit ID ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; FRESH PRODUCE; SHELF-LIFE; INACTIVATION; O157-H7; TOMATOES; ENTERICA; DECONTAMINATION; STRAWBERRIES; TYPHIMURIUM AB Some soft fruit, such as tree-ripened apricots, cannot be washed with aqueous sanitizers, due to their innate softness and delicate surfaces. In this study, ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light was investigated for its efficacy in inactivating 4-5 individual strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. on apricots, in addition to a four-strain composite of Shiga toxin-negative E. coli O157:H7 and a cocktail of three attenuated strains of Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Typhimurium LT2. Also, the survival of E. call O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. after exposure to 74 and 442 mJ/cm(2) of UV-C was evaluated during post-UV storage at 2 and 20 degrees C. The fruit was spot inoculated and the areas (ca. 1.5 cm(2)) of fruit surface with the inoculated bacteria were exposed to UV-C at 7.4 mW/cm(2). E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. populations decreased rapidly (1-2 logs) (P < 0.05) with increasing UV-C doses of 0 to 74 mJ/cm(2). Further increases in UV-C dosage achieved only limited additional reductions in bacterial populations. Shiga toxin-negative bacteria and attenuated S. Typhimurium strains, along with S. Typhimurium LT2, responded similarly to corresponding pathogenic E. call O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. During storage at 2 or 20 degrees C, populations of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. on untreated fruit decreased slowly; however, populations on fruit treated with 442 mJ/cm(2) decreased rapidly at both temperatures. After 8 days at 20 degrees C or 21 days at 2 degrees C, E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. populations on UV-C treated fruit were at least 2 log CFU/g lower than on non-treated controls. Our results suggest that surface-inoculated bacteria survived poorly following UV-C treatment of apricots. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yun, Juan] Tianjin Univ Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Food Nutr & Safety, Tianjin 300457, Peoples R China. [Yan, Ruixiang] Natl Engn & Technol Res Ctr Preservat Agr Prod, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China. [Yun, Juan; Yan, Ruixiang; Fan, Xuetong; Gurtler, Joshua; Phillips, John] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Fan, XT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov RI Yun, Juan/E-4164-2016 FU Center for Produce Safety FX The study was partially funded by a grant from the Center for Produce Safety. The authors thank Kim Sokorai, Guoping Bao, and Rebecca Rivera for technical assistance, Dr. Gerald Sapers for reviewing the manuscript and Double Diamond Fruit Company for providing the apricots used in the study. We thank Drs. Cathy Webb, Michael Doyle, Robert Mandrell for providing the bacteria used in the study. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD SEP 16 PY 2013 VL 166 IS 3 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.021 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 236XI UT WOS:000325832400003 PM 24021820 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL Lay, DC Cheng, HW AF Dennis, R. L. Lay, D. C., Jr. Cheng, H. W. TI Effects of early serotonin programming on behavior and central monoamine concentrations in an avian model SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Serotonin; Chicken; Aggression; Postnatal; Fearfulness ID BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; 5-HT1A RECEPTORS; NORADRENERGIC MODULATION; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; NEUROCHEMICAL CHANGES; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; SOCIAL AGGRESSION; ADOLESCENT RAT; STRESS; EXPOSURE AB Serotonin (5-HT) acts as a neurogenic compound in the developing brain; however serotonin altering drugs such as SSRIs are often prescribed to pregnant and lactating mothers. Early agonism of 5-HT receptors could alter the development of serotonergic circuitry, altering neurotransmission and behaviors mediated by 5-HT signaling, including memory, fear and aggression. This study was designed to investigate the effects of early serotonin agonism on later behaviors. An extremely aggressive White leghorn strain (15I(5)) was used in the study. The chicks were injected with 5-MT (a serotonin agonist) at 2.5 mg/kg (low dose), 10 mg/kg (high dose) or saline (control) on the day of hatch and a second dose 24h later (n = 9/sex/trt). Chicks' fear response and memory were tested at 2 weeks of age. In the fear test, chicks were subjected to a social isolation test for 20 min, time to first vocalization and numbers of vocalizations were recorded. In the memory test, chicks were placed in a running wheel and presented with an imprinted object (white box with a red light) and a similar shaped novel object (blue box with a white light), respectively. The distance traveled in the wheel toward each object was measured. At 10 weeks of age birds were tested for aggression and concentrations of catecholamines were determined from the raphe nucleus and hypothalamus by HPLC (n = 12). Expression of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptor genes were measured by RT-PCR. Both high and low dose chicks tended to have shorter latency to first vocalization and a greater number of vocalizations compared with control chicks. Memory test showed that chicks from all groups traveled a similar distance toward a familiar object. However, control chicks walked the least toward a novel object, low dose chicks tended to walk further, and high dose chicks walked significantly further for a novel object. In aggression tests, both high and low dose males exhibited greater frequency of aggressive behaviors compared to controls, while no difference in aggression was evident in the females. Norepinephrine concentrations were also reduced in the low dose birds in the hypothalamus and in the raphe nucleus. Serotonin concentrations tended to be lower only in the both hypothalamus and raphe nucleus of the low dose birds. 5-HT1A expression was greatest in the hypothalamus and raphe nucleus of low dose birds. The agonism of the serotonin system during neural development of birds genetically predisposed to aggression alters both the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems further increasing their aggressiveness. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dennis, R. L.; Lay, D. C., Jr.; Cheng, H. W.] ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. RP Cheng, HW (reprint author), ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM Heng-Wei.Cheng@ars.usda.gov NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-4328 J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES JI Behav. Brain Res. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 253 BP 290 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.07.043 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 222GZ UT WOS:000324720500038 PM 23912030 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB Vermillion, KE Grigorescu, AA Braker, JD AF Jordan, Douglas B. Vermillion, Karl E. Grigorescu, Arabela A. Braker, Jay D. TI Rehabilitation of faulty kinetic determinations and misassigned glycoside hydrolase family of retaining mechanism beta-xylosidases SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GH43; GH52; k(cat) pH profile; Retaining mechanism; Bioethanol ID GEOBACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS T-6; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; SELENOMONAS-RUMINANTIUM; CATALYTIC RESIDUES; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; L-ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; DIVALENT METAL; SLOW BINDING; ACTIVE-SITE AB We obtained Cx1 from a commercial supplier, whose catalog listed it as a beta-xylosidase of glycoside hydrolase family 43. NMR experiments indicate retention of anomeric configuration in its reaction stereochemistry, opposing the assignment of GH43, which follows an inverting mechanism. Partial protein sequencing indicates Cx1 is similar to but not identical to beta-xylosidases of GH52, including Q09LZ0, that have retaining mechanisms. Q09LZ0 beta-xylosidase had been characterized biochemically in kinetic reactions that contained Tris. We overproduced Q09LZO and demonstrated that Tris is a competitive inhibitor of the beta-xylosidase. Also, the previous work used grossly incorrect extinction coefficients for product 4-nitrophenol. We redetermined kinetic parameters using reactions that omitted Tris and using correct extinction coefficients for 4-nitrophenol. Cx1 and Q09LZ0 beta-xylosidases were thus shown to possess similar kinetic properties when acting on 4-nitrophenyl-3-D-xylopyranoside and xylobiose. k(cat) pH profiles of Cx1 and Q09LZO acting on 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside and xylobiose have patterns containing two rate increases with increasing acidity, not reported before for glycoside hydrolases. The dexylosylation step of 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside hydrolysis mediated by Q09LZO is not rate determining for k(cat)(4NPX). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.; Vermillion, Karl E.; Braker, Jay D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Grigorescu, Arabela A.] Northwestern Univ, Keck Biophys Facil, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Grigorescu, Arabela A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Douglas.Jordan@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 537 IS 2 BP 176 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.abb.2013.07.020 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 224PS UT WOS:000324901200003 PM 23916587 ER PT J AU Greenberg, CH Waldrop, TA Tomcho, J Phillips, RJ Simon, D AF Greenberg, Cathryn H. Waldrop, Thomas A. Tomcho, Joseph Phillips, Ross J. Simon, Dean TI Bird response to fire severity and repeated burning in upland hardwood forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Breeding birds; Burn severity; Fire surrogate; Fuel reduction; Prescribed fire; Repeated burn ID EARLY SUCCESSIONAL HABITATS; FUEL REDUCTION TREATMENTS; APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; NORTH-CAROLINA; SOUTHERN OHIO; CONSERVATION; USA; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE AB Prescribed burning is a common management tool for upland hardwood forests, with wildlife habitat improvement an often cited goal. Fire management for wildlife conservation requires understanding how species respond to burning at different frequencies, severities, and over time. In an earlier study, we experimentally assessed how breeding bird communities and species responded to fuel reduction treatments by mechanical understory reduction, low-severity prescribed fires, or mechanical understory reduction followed a year later by high-severity prescribed fires in upland hardwood forest. Here, we assess longer-term response to the initial mechanical treatment (M), and a second low-intensity burn in twice burned (B2) and mechanical + twice burned (MB2) treatments and controls (C). Initial (2003) higher dead fuel loadings and consequently high-severity fires in MB2 created open-canopy structure with abundant snags, resulting in much higher species richness and density of breeding birds compared to other treatments. Relative bird density and richness remained much higher in MB2 after a second burn, but few changes were evident that were not already apparent after one burn. The initial (2003) burn in B2 had cooler, low-severity fires that killed few trees. Delayed tree mortality occurred in both burn treatments after one burn, and continued in both after a second low-intensity burn. In B2, this resulted in gradual development of a "perforated," patchy canopy structure with more snags. Abundance of total birds and most species in B2 was similar to C, but several additional species associated with open-forest conditions occurred at low levels, increasing richness in B2. In both burn treatments, burning temporarily reduced habitat suitability for ground-nesting birds. Bird communities in M were similar to C, as shrubs recovered rapidly. Results indicate that one or two relatively low-intensity burns with patches of hotter fire may result in gradual, subtle changes to canopy cover and structure that may slightly increase bird species richness over time. In contrast, a single high-intensity, high severity fire can create young forest conditions and a heterogeneous canopy structure that can be maintained by repeated burning and increase breeding bird relative abundance and richness by attracting disturbance-adapted species while retaining most other forest species. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Greenberg, Cathryn H.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Bent Creek Expt Forest, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. [Waldrop, Thomas A.; Phillips, Ross J.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Tomcho, Joseph] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Burnsville, NC 28714 USA. [Simon, Dean] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Lawndale, NC 28090 USA. RP Greenberg, CH (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Bent Creek Expt Forest, 1577 Brevard Rd, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. EM kgreenberg@fs.fed.us; twaldrop@fs.fed.us; joseph.tomcho@ncwildlife.org; rjphillips@fs.fed.us; dean.simon@ncwildlife.org FU National Fire and Fire Surrogate Research (NFFS) Project [219]; USDA Forest Service through the National Fire Plan; U.S. Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) FX This is contribution number 219 of the National Fire and Fire Surrogate Research (NFFS) Project. This research was funded by the USDA Forest Service through the National Fire Plan. Although the authors received no direct funding for this research from the U.S. Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP), it was greatly facilitated by the JFSP support of existing NFFS project sites. We thank the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission for their field support, for permitting this study to be conducted on state Game Lands, and for conducting all fuel reduction treatments. Special thanks to Stan Zarnoch for providing statistical guidance, and to Chris Moorman, Gordon Warburton, and two anonymous reviewers for helping to improve an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 304 BP 80 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.035 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 217HQ UT WOS:000324351000009 ER PT J AU Kern, CC D'Arnato, AW Strong, TF AF Kern, Christel C. D'Arnato, Anthony W. Strong, Terry F. TI Diversifying the composition and structure of managed, late-successional forests with harvest gaps: What is the optimal gap size? SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Uneven-aged management; Selection system; Tree recruitment; Shrub interference; Microclimatic extremes; Sugar maple ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS; SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN FORESTS; SMALL-SCALE DISTURBANCE; SINGLE-TREE SELECTION; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; SUGAR MAPLE; BETULA-ALLEGHANIENSIS; TEMPERATE FOREST; STAND STRUCTURE; YELLOW BIRCH AB Managing forests for resilience is crucial in the face of uncertain future environmental conditions. Because harvest gap size alters the species diversity and vertical and horizontal structural heterogeneity, there may be an optimum range of gap sizes for conferring resilience to environmental uncertainty. We examined the impacts of different harvest gap sizes on structure and composition in northern hardwood forests of the upper Great Lakes region, USA using a robustly-designed experiment consisting of six harvest gap sizes replicated 12 times with over a decade of repeated measurements. We found that germinant (trees <0.15 m tall) densities were greatest in year 2 (71.6 stems m(-2)) but were present in all measurement years (0, 2, 6, and 12 years post-harvest), suggesting a continuous influx of tree seedlings on site. Sapling (>0.6 m tall) densities were greatest (3.9 stems m(-2)) at the end of the study period (year 12) and were composed primarily of three species (Acer saccharum, Fraxinus americana, Ostrya virginiana) already present on site. The 6 and 10 m diameter (dia.) harvest gaps had, on average, the minimum number of saplings (similar to 2 stems m(-2)) needed to fill dominant positions in small canopy openings, but, by year 12, small gaps were closed by crown extension of mature edge trees. Medium (20 m dia.) to large harvest gaps (30 and 46 m dia.) had fewer saplings than small gaps. The understory layer of medium and large gaps were dominated by shrubs (Rubus sp.) that dampened growth of species such as F. americana. Consequently, gap-filling from the sapling layer would not occur in the near future, and, from a management perspective, would be considered a regeneration failure within larger gaps. Our study suggests that the optimum gap size does not exist and using harvest gaps to create resilient forests with structural and compositional diversity alone is challenging on productive habitats. In particular, medium to large gaps will likely require microsite specific placement of desired advance regeneration or additional treatments (e.g., vegetation control) to cultivate a dense sapling layer in an acceptable timeframe after harvest. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kern, Christel C.; Strong, Terry F.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [D'Arnato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kern, CC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1831 Hwy 169 East, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. EM cckern@fs.fed.us FU North Central Research Station; Nicolet National Forest FX This study was supported by the US Forest Service: the Northern Research Station (and former North Central Research Station) funded research staff to design, collect and analyze data and the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest (and former Nicolet National Forest) provided logistical support of the timber harvest to implement study design. The research could not have been completed without the additional mentoring and leadership of Brian Palik, Peter Reich, Rebecca Montgomery, and John Zasada. We greatly appreciated the technical assistance from Adam Weise, Maggie (Haas) Lorenz, Kris Gray, and Ben Gosack, and many others. John Kabrick, Michael Walters, and two anonymous reviewers provided valuable feedback on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 304 BP 110 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.029 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 217HQ UT WOS:000324351000012 ER PT J AU Korb, JE Fule, PZ Wu, R AF Korb, Julie E. Fule, Peter Z. Wu, Rosalind TI Variability of warm/dry mixed conifer forests in southwestern Colorado, USA: Implications for ecological restoration SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Dendrochronology; Fire history; San Juan Mountains; Topography ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; FIRE HISTORY; CLIMATE; ARIZONA; PATTERNS; MOUNTAINS; LANDSCAPE; REGIMES; STAND AB There is a need to quantitatively describe forest types and their associated natural fire regimes in the western US to understand their variability and to develop strategies to restore fire dependent landscapes to reduce ecological problems that might ensue from forest structure and fire regime generalizations. We established three study sites in warm/dry mixed conifer across a west-east transect in southwestern Colorado to determine variability in the historical fire regime and fire-climate relationships and to quantify how diverse warm/dry mixed conifer forest composition and structure are along the same west-east transect At each study site we collected cross-sections from dead fire-scarred trees to reconstruct fire history and established study plots to characterize forest structure. The three warm/dry mixed conifer sites exhibited different fire histories. One site was characterized by numerous smaller fires as well as larger fires that appeared to burn most of the study site with the other two study sites characterized by relatively infrequent, large fire events. There were more unique fire years at each site than synchronous fire years shared by any sites. Current forest stand structure, after extended fire exclusion and past logging across the three sites, also varied with a reverse-J distribution indicating strong dominance by small trees for two of the study sites and a truncated age distribution at the other site. Our research illustrates that historical fire regime variability exists within the same vegetation type in a relatively small, similar to 50 km, geographic locality emphasizing the role that other topographic variables play in determining fire regimes and forest structure. Our findings demonstrate the need to develop site-specific reference conditions and for managers to exercise caution when extrapolating fire regimes and forest structure from one geographic locality to another given a projected warmer climate making conditions more favorable to frequent, large wildfires. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Korb, Julie E.] Ft Lewis Coll, Dept Biol, Durango, CO 81301 USA. [Fule, Peter Z.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Wu, Rosalind] US Forest Serv, USDA, San Juan Natl Forest, Pagosa Springs, CO 81147 USA. RP Korb, JE (reprint author), Ft Lewis Coll, Dept Biol, Durango, CO 81301 USA. EM korb_j@fortlewis.edu; peter.fule@nau.edu; rwu@fs.fed.us NR 49 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 304 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.028 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 217HQ UT WOS:000324351000019 ER PT J AU White, AM Zipkin, EF Manley, PN Schlesinger, MD AF White, Angela M. Zipkin, Elise F. Manley, Patricia N. Schlesinger, Matthew D. TI Simulating avian species and foraging group responses to fuel reduction treatments in coniferous forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Forest management; Functional group; Hierarchical modeling; Imperfect detection; Occurrence modeling ID LAKE TAHOE BASIN; BIRD COMMUNITIES; SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS; HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; VEGETATION STRUCTURE; BIODIVERSITY LOSS AB Over a century of fire suppression activities have altered the structure and composition of mixed conifer forests throughout the western United States. In the absence of fire, fuels have accumulated in these forests causing concerns over the potential for catastrophic wildfires. Fuel reduction treatments are being used on federal and state lands to reduce the threat of wildfire by mechanically removing biomass. Although these treatments result in a reduction in fire hazard, their impact on wildlife is less clear. We use a multi-species occupancy modeling approach to build habitat-suitability models for 46 upland forest birds found in the Lake Tahoe Basin in the Sierra Nevada based on forest structure and abiotic variables. Using a Bayesian hierarchical framework, we predict species-specific and community-level responses to changes in forest structure and make inferences about responses of important avian foraging guilds. Disparities within and among foraging group responses to canopy cover, tree size and shrub cover emphasized the complexities in managing forests to meet biodiversity goals. Based on our species-specific model results, we predicted changes in species richness and community similarity under forest prescriptions representing three management practices: no active management, a typical fuel reduction treatment that emphasizes spacing between trees, and a thinning prescription that creates structural heterogeneity. Simulated changes to structural components of the forest analogous to management practices to reduce fuel loads clearly affected foraging groups differentially despite variability in responses within guilds. Although species richness was predicted to decrease slightly under both simulated fuels reduction treatments, the prescription that incorporated structural heterogeneity retained marginally higher species richness. The composition of communities supported by different management alternatives was influenced by urbanization and management practice, emphasizing the importance of creating heterogeneity at the landscape scale. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [White, Angela M.; Schlesinger, Matthew D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Zipkin, Elise F.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Zipkin, Elise F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Manley, Patricia N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Placerville, CA 95677 USA. [Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schlesinger, Matthew D.] New York Nat Heritage Program, Albany, NY 12233 USA. RP White, AM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Conservat Biodivers Grp, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM angelawhite@fs.fed.us; ezipkin@usgs.gov; pmanley@fs.fed.us; schlesinger@nynhp.org RI White, Angela/N-7088-2013 OI White, Angela/0000-0001-7499-7390 FU US Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit; US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; Sierra Nevada Public Lands Management Act FX Many individuals contributed to the collection of field data over the course of the study. Special thanks to Marcel Holyoak and Dennis Murphy, who contributed to the overall design and implementation of the study. Funding was provided by US Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit, US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, and the Sierra Nevada Public Lands Management Act. Thanks to all the agencies and land owners in the Lake Tahoe basin that allowed us access to sample sites. This manuscript was improved by comments from Gina Tarbill, William Fields and Kathryn Purcell. Two anonymous reviewers provided insightful comments that improved the quality of this work and its delivery. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 78 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 304 BP 261 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.039 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 217HQ UT WOS:000324351000027 ER PT J AU Laarmann, D Korjus, H Sims, A Kangur, A Stanturf, JA AF Laarmann, Diana Korjus, Henn Sims, Allan Kangur, Ahto Stanturf, John A. TI Initial effects of restoring natural forest structures in Estonia SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest restoration; Gaps; Hemiboreal forest; Protected forests; Rehabilitation ID DEAD WOOD CREATION; ABIES L. KARST.; SPECIES COMPOSITION; BOREAL FORESTS; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; BOREONEMORAL FOREST; TREE REGENERATION; SOUTHERN FINLAND; MANAGED FORESTS; FIRE AB The legacy of structural homogenization due to forest management for commercial products is a loss of biodiversity. A common policy in many European countries is to increase forest diversity by converting managed forests to more natural conditions. The aim of this study was to provide an early evaluation of the effectiveness of different restoration treatments to rehabilitate managed stands in order to increase their naturalness. Restoration treatments were imposed on 30-60 years old conifer plantations including gap creation with and without added deadwood, added deadwood without gaps, gaps plus overburning, and controls. We sampled stand structure, understory vegetation and beetles before and after treatments on 50 circular permanent plots. Diversity of different groups responded differently to treatments with understory vegetation diversity increasing the most in gaps with burning, lichens in gaps without burning and bryophytes with the addition of dead wood. Increased beetle abundance and greater species diversity was a direct effect of changed light conditions inside the canopy. Gaps with overburning had the greatest recruitment of tree seedlings. Stands that were homogeneous pre-treatment increased in heterogeneity in structural conditions and microclimatic conditions after treatments and therefore richness and abundance of different species groups increased. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Laarmann, Diana; Korjus, Henn; Sims, Allan; Kangur, Ahto] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Rural Engn, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Stanturf, John A.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Laarmann, D (reprint author), Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Rural Engn, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. EM diana.laarmann@emu.ee RI Sims, Allan/A-5119-2009; Korjus, Henn/N-3919-2014 OI Sims, Allan/0000-0003-1312-6940; Korjus, Henn/0000-0001-8522-7869 FU Estonian Ministry of Education and Research [SF0170014s08]; Estonian Science Foundation [8496]; Estonian Environmental Investment Centre FX The research reported here was supported by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (Project No. SF0170014s08) and by the Estonian Science Foundation (Grant No. 8496) and Estonian Environmental Investment Centre. We thank the Environmental Board, Estonia, and fieldwork staff for their input and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments to the manuscript. NR 73 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 304 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.022 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 217HQ UT WOS:000324351000031 ER PT J AU Thomas-Van Gundy, MA Nowacki, GJ AF Thomas-Van Gundy, Melissa A. Nowacki, Gregory J. TI The use of witness trees as pyro-indicators for mapping past fire conditions SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biogeography; Metes-and-bounds surveys; Kriging; Historic fire regimes; West Virginia ID LAND OFFICE SURVEY; NATURAL DISTURBANCE REGIMES; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; PRESETTLEMENT FORESTS; SURVEY RECORDS; WEST-VIRGINIA; SITE RELATIONSHIPS; GRADIENT ANALYSIS; DECIDUOUS FOREST AB Understanding and mapping presettlement fire regimes is vitally important for ecosystem restoration, helping ensure the proper placement of fire back into ecosystems that formerly burned. Witness trees can support this endeavor by serving as pyro-indicators of the past. We mapped fire-adapted traits across a landscape by categorizing trees into two classes, pyrophiles and pyrophobes, and applying this classification to a geospatial layer of witness-tree points centered on the Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia. A pyrophilic percentage was calculated for each point and spatially extrapolated via ordinary kriging to form a continuous geospatial cover. Regression analyses showed pyrophilic percentage was significantly related to a number of key environmental factors and changed along an elevation gradient from low, dry valleys (high pyrophilic percentage) to high, wet mountaintops (low pyrophilic percentage). This approach represents a significant advancement through the direct use of witness trees to depict past fire regimes applicable to both Public Land Survey and metes-and-bounds records. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Thomas-Van Gundy, Melissa A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Nowacki, Gregory J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eastern Reg Off, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. RP Thomas-Van Gundy, MA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. EM mthomasvangundy@fs.fed.us NR 93 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 304 BP 333 EP 344 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.025 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 217HQ UT WOS:000324351000034 ER PT J AU Lydersen, JM North, MP Knapp, EE Collins, BM AF Lydersen, Jamie M. North, Malcolm P. Knapp, Eric E. Collins, Brandon M. TI Quantifying spatial patterns of tree groups and gaps in mixed-conifer forests: Reference conditions and long-term changes following fire suppression and logging SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest structure; Tree aggregation; Gap; Forest restoration; Fuels treatment ID NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; LAKE TAHOE BASIN; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; CANOPY COVER; USA; CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE; ECOLOGY; HABITAT AB Fire suppression and past logging have dramatically altered forest conditions in many areas, but changes to within-stand tree spatial patterns over time are not as well understood. The few studies available suggest that variability in tree spatial patterns is an important structural feature of forests with intact frequent fire regimes that should be incorporated in restoration prescriptions. We used a rare dataset consisting of mapped locations for all trees >= 10 cm in three 4-ha plots in 1929 before logging and in 2007/2008, 78 and 79 years after logging, to assess changes in three spatial components of forest structure: individual trees, tree clusters and gaps. Comparing 1929 old growth to modern conditions, area in gaps decreased from 20% to zero, the percentage of stems that were single trees from 6% to 2% and in small or medium clumps (2-9 trees) from 28% to 9%, while trees in large clumps (>= 10 trees) increased from 66% to 89%. Concurrent with these changes, canopy cover increased from 45% to 62%, and the average number of trees in a clump increased from II to 26, resulting in much more homogenous conditions across the stand. These changes also altered tree size and species associations within different structural groups (i.e., single tree, small, medium and large clumps). In an effort to account for the alteration of the fire regime that had already taken place in 1929 (the last fire recorded in tree rings was in 1889) we also analyzed spatial patterns of 1929 conditions removing all trees <25 cm. In this analysis, 35% of the plot area was in gaps and canopy cover averaged 36%. Tree clusters had an average of 5.2 trees per clump, with 13% of trees being singles, 30% in small clumps, 24% in medium clumps and 33% in large clumps. Our results provide metrics that quantify spatial patterns and composition of individual trees, tree clumps, and gaps under the historical fire regime that may be useful to forest managers. Our study demonstrates that the contemporary forest is more homogeneous than it was historically, and variability that likely provided diverse microclimate and habitat conditions and fostered resilience to a variety of stressors and disturbances such as fire, insects and drought has been lost. Future management may benefit from restoring these structural components. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lydersen, Jamie M.; North, Malcolm P.; Collins, Brandon M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [North, Malcolm P.] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lydersen, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM jmlydersen@fs.fed.us NR 58 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 304 BP 370 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.023 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 217HQ UT WOS:000324351000037 ER PT J AU Bai, XL Casey, FXM Hakk, H DeSutter, TM Oduor, PG Khan, E AF Bai, Xuelian Casey, Francis X. M. Hakk, Heldur DeSutter, Thomas M. Oduor, Peter G. Khan, Eakalak TI Dissipation and transformation of 17 beta-estradiol-17-sulfate in soil water systems SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE 17 beta-Estradiol; 17 beta-Estradiol-17-sulfate; Estrogen; Estrogen conjugate; Hydroxylation; Deconjugation ID SYNTHETIC STEROID ESTROGENS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; ESTRADIOL 17-SULFATE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CONJUGATED ESTROGENS; METABOLITE FORMATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; POULTRY LITTER; STW EFFLUENT AB In the environment, estrogen conjugates can be precursors to the endocrine-disrupting free estrogens, 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1). Compared to other estrogen conjugates, 17 beta-estradiol-17-sulfate (E2-17S) is detected at relatively high concentrations and frequencies in animal manure and surface runoff from fields receiving manure. To elucidate the lifecycle of manure-borne estrogens and their conjugates in the environment, the fate of radiolabelled E2-17S in agricultural soils was investigated using laboratory batch studies with soils of different organic carbon (OC) content (1.29% for topsoil versus 0.26% for subsoil). E2-17S was found relatively persistent in the aqueous phase throughout the duration of the 14 d experiment. The aqueous E2-17S persisted longer in the subsoil (half-lives (DT50)= 64-173 h) than the topsoil (DT50 = 4.9-26 h), and the aqueous persistence of E2-17S depended on its initial concentration. The major transformation pathway was hydroxylation, yielding mono- and di-hydroxy-E2-17S (OH-E2-17S and diOH-E2-17S). Free estrogens, E2 and El, were only observed in the sorbed phase of the soil at low concentrations (similar to 1% of applied dose), which demonstrated that deconjugation and subsequent oxidation had occurred. Although deconjugation was not a major pathway, E2-17S could be a precursor of free estrogens in the environment. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bai, Xuelian; Casey, Francis X. M.; DeSutter, Thomas M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Hakk, Heldur] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Oduor, Peter G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Geosci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Khan, Eakalak] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Casey, FXM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Francis.Casey@ndsu.edu RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65102-20400] FX The authors greatly thank Mrs. Colleen Pfaff (Biosciences Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND) and Mr. Nathan Derby (Soil Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND) for their contributions on collecting data. This project is supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2010-65102-20400 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the USDA, the Agricultural Research Service, or the Food Safety and Inspection Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 260 BP 733 EP 739 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.036 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 220DZ UT WOS:000324563500088 PM 23846123 ER PT J AU Hughes, V Denham, S Bannantine, JP Chianini, F Kerr, K May, L McLuckie, J Nath, M Stevenson, K AF Hughes, Valerie Denham, Susan Bannantine, John P. Chianini, Francesca Kerr, Karen May, Linda McLuckie, Joyce Nath, Mintu Stevenson, Karen TI Interferon gamma responses to proteome-determined specific recombinant proteins: Potential as diagnostic markers for ovine Johne's disease SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis; Johne's; Cell-mediated diagnosis; Interferon gamma release assay ID AVIUM SUBSP-PARATUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-PARATUBERCULOSIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MILK ANTIBODY; CATTLE; INFECTION; CLASSIFICATION; PATHOLOGY; SHEEP; ASSAY AB Johne's disease (JD), or paratuberculosis is a fatal enteritis of animals caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). There may be a long subclinical phase with no signs of clinical disease. Diagnosis of JD is problematic and no test can reliably detect sub-clinical disease. Th1 responses to Map are believed to be activated first with a later switch to Th2 responses and progression to clinical disease. Detection of a cell-mediated response, indicated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) produced in response to mycobacterial antigens, may give an early indication of infection. Crude extracts of Map (PPDj) have been used to detect the cell-mediated response, but more specific, quantifiable antigens would improve the test. Thirty Map-specific proteins were screened for their ability to raise a cell-mediated response in subclinically infected sheep. Four proteins were selected and tested using blood from subclinical animals and controls from a JD-free flock. Three proteins elicited IFN-gamma levels which were higher in the subclinical group than in the control group, two were statistically significant. Thus these proteins have the ability to discriminate groups of infected and uninfected animals and may have use in diagnosis of JD. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hughes, Valerie; Denham, Susan; Chianini, Francesca; Kerr, Karen; May, Linda; McLuckie, Joyce; Stevenson, Karen] Moredun Res Inst, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Bannantine, John P.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Nath, Mintu] Biomath & Stat Scotland, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Hughes, V (reprint author), Moredun Res Inst, Pentlands Sci Pk, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, Midlothian, Scotland. EM Val.Hughes@moredun.ac.uk RI Chianini, Francesca/K-1451-2013; OI Chianini, Francesca/0000-0001-9962-446X; Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 FU Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division; Genecom; Scottish Government RESAS; BBSRC [BBI019863/1] FX This work was funded by the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division and Genecom.; Ovine IFN-gamma was kindly supplied by Sean Wattegedera and Gary Entrican, supported by the Scottish Government RESAS and by BBSRC grant number BBI019863/1). NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 155 IS 3 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.015 PG 8 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 218TQ UT WOS:000324455800007 PM 23906903 ER PT J AU Chintala, R Mollinedo, J Schumacher, TE Papiernik, SK Malo, DD Clay, DE Kumar, S Gulbrandson, DW AF Chintala, Rajesh Mollinedo, Javier Schumacher, Thomas E. Papiernik, Sharon K. Malo, Douglas D. Clay, David E. Kumar, Sandeep Gulbrandson, Dylan W. TI Nitrate sorption and desorption in biochars from fast pyrolysis SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Nitrate retention; Nitrate release; Biochars; Surface charge; Point of zero net charge ID ION-EXCHANGE/CATALYTIC PROCESS; LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDE; ACTIVATED CARBON; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WASTE-WATER; AGRICULTURAL WASTE; MESOPOROUS SILICA; HEAVY-METALS; REMOVAL; ADSORPTION AB Increasing the nitrate (NO3-) sorption capacity of Midwestern US soils has the potential to reduce nitrate leaching to ground water and reduce the extent of the hypoxia zone in the Gulf of Mexico. The objective of this study was to determine the sorption and desorption capacity of non-activated and chemically activated biochars from microwave pyrolysis using selected biomass feedstocks of corn stover (Zea mays L.), Ponderosa pine wood chips (Pinus ponderosa Lawson and C Lawson), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Surface characteristics such as surface area and net surface charge have shown significant effects on nitrate sorption and desorption in biochars. Freundlich isotherms performed well to fit the nitrate sorption data (R-2 > 0.95) of biochars when compared to Langmuir isotherms. Nitrate sorption and desorption was significantly influenced by solution pH and presence of highly negative charged potential ions such as phosphate (PO43-) and sulfate (SO42-) in aqueous solution. Chemical activation with concentrated HCl had significant effect on surface characteristics of biochars and enhanced the nitrate sorption capacity. The first order model fit the nitrate desorption kinetics of biochars with a high coefficient of determination (R-2 > 0.95) and low standard error (SE). (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chintala, Rajesh; Mollinedo, Javier; Schumacher, Thomas E.; Malo, Douglas D.; Clay, David E.; Kumar, Sandeep; Gulbrandson, Dylan W.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Papiernik, Sharon K.] ARS, USDA, Brookings, SD USA. RP Chintala, R (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, SNP 247,Box 2140C, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM rajesh.chintala@sdstate.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67009-30076] FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-67009-30076 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 63 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-1811 EI 1873-3093 J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 179 BP 250 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.05.023 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 208OQ UT WOS:000323689400033 ER PT J AU DeSantis, RD Moser, WK Gormanson, DD Bartlett, MG Vermunt, B AF DeSantis, Ryan D. Moser, W. Keith Gormanson, Dale D. Bartlett, Marshall G. Vermunt, Bradley TI Effects of climate on emerald ash borer mortality and the potential for ash survival in North America SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; Climate; Forest Inventory and Analysis; Fraxinus; Temperature modeling; North America ID COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; FRAXINUS-PENNSYLVANICA; SNOW; TEMPERATURES; FOREST; TREES AB Non-native invasive insects such as the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire; EAB) cause billions of dollars' worth of economic damage and unquantifiable but substantial ecological damage in North America each year. There are methods to mitigate, contain, control, or even eradicate some non-native invasive insects, but so far the spread of EAB across eastern North America appears to be unimpeded. Similar to the effect of chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr) on American chestnut (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) nearly 100 years ago, it is estimated that EAB will eventually decimate nearly all ash (Fraxinus spp.) in North America, Although previous literature suggests no impediment to the spread of EAB, we propose the possibility that obstacles to EAB population expansion into the northern ranges of ash could be formidable. We combined USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) 2010 ash data, historical climate data, beneath-snow and beneath-tree bark temperature modeling, and our current understanding of EAB physiology. We found that between 1945 and 2012, while some Canadian locations experienced temperatures potentially cold enough to kill all EAB, very few locations in the United States experienced such temperatures. However, more than 7% and 42% of weather stations located in the ranges of ash in the United States and Canada, respectively, experienced temperatures potentially cold enough to kill the majority of the EAB population. By killing the majority of the EAB population, EAB spread may be slower and EAB population may be held to densities to which ash trees can tolerate infestation. As in its native range in Asia, lower EAB densities may not cause ash mortality. This information should be helpful for the future sustainable management of ash. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [DeSantis, Ryan D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, USDA Forest Serv No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Moser, W. Keith; Gormanson, Dale D.] USDA Forest Serv No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bartlett, Marshall G.] Hollins Univ, Dept Phys, Roanoke, VA 24020 USA. RP DeSantis, RD (reprint author), Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, 1851 Hartnell Ave, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM rdesantis@ucanr.edu; wkmoser@fs.fed.us; dgormanson@fs.fed.us; marshall.bartlett@gmail.com; bradley.vermunt@gmail.com FU University of Missouri, Department of Forestry; Northern Forest Futures Project; Forest Inventory and Analysis program; Northern Research Station of the U.S. Forest Service FX The authors would like to thank Brett Butler, Kim Cuddington, Songlin Fei, Dan Herms, John Kabrick, Therese Poland, and Rob Venette for their advice and for comments which helped improve earlier versions of this manuscript. Mark Hansen provided technical assistance with PLSQL and the FIA database, and Ty Wilson provided assistance with mapping the presence of ash in the United States. For funding, the authors would also like to thank the University of Missouri, Department of Forestry, and the Northern Forest Futures Project, the Forest Inventory and Analysis program, and the Northern Research Station of the U.S. Forest Service. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 9 U2 126 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 178 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.04.015 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 190OJ UT WOS:000322349800012 ER PT J AU Zhou, CF Li, ZR Wiberley-Bradford, AE Weise, SE Sharkey, TD AF Zhou, Changfang Li, Ziru Wiberley-Bradford, Amy E. Weise, Sean E. Sharkey, Thomas D. TI Isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate/isopentenyl diphosphate ratio measured with recombinant isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase and isoprene synthase SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP); Isomerase equilibrium; Isopentenyl diphosphate (IDP); Isoprenoids; Recombinant enzyme ID METHYLERYTHRITOL PHOSPHATE-PATHWAY; BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; PYROPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; 4-PHOSPHATE PATHWAY; MEVALONATE PATHWAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LYTB PROTEIN; MEP PATHWAY; EMISSION; LEAVES AB Isopentenyl diphosphate (IDP) and its isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP) are building units for all isoprenoids; thus, intracellular pool sizes of IDP and DMADP play important roles in living organisms. Several methods have been used to quantify the amount of DMADP or the combined amount of IDP plus DMADP, but measuring the DMADP/IDP ratio has been difficult. In this study, a method was developed to measure the ratio of DMADP/IDP. Catalyzed by a recombinant IDP isomerase (IDI) together with a recombinant isoprene synthase (IspS), IDP was converted to isoprene, which was then detected by chemiluminescence. With this method, the in vitro equilibrium ratio of DMADP/IDP was found to be 2.11:1. IDP and DMADP pools were significantly increased in Escherichia coli transformed with methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway genes; the ratio of DMADP/IDP was 3.85. An E. coli strain transformed with IspS but no additional IDI had a lower DMADP level and a DMADP/IDP ratio of 1.05. Approximately 90% of the IDP and DMADP pools in light-adapted kudzu leaves were light dependent and so presumably were located in the chloroplasts; the DMADP/IDP ratios in chloroplasts and cytosol were the same as the in vitro ratio (2.04 in the light and 2.32 in the dark). (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Changfang] Nanjing Univ, Sch Life Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Changfang; Li, Ziru; Wiberley-Bradford, Amy E.; Weise, Sean E.; Sharkey, Thomas D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wiberley-Bradford, Amy E.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sharkey, TD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM tsharkey@msu.edu RI Sharkey, Thomas/B-4032-2009 OI Sharkey, Thomas/0000-0002-4423-3223 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0950574, IOS-0640853]; ZuvaChem; Chinese Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [1105020807]; Jiangsu Overseas Research & Training Program for University Prominent Young & Middle-Aged Teachers and Presidents FX The plasmid containing MEP pathway genes was designed by Hal Alper in consultation with ZuvaChem. This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants IOS-0950574 and IOS-0640853. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Additional support was provided by ZuvaChem. Changfang Zhou was supported by Chinese Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (1105020807) and a scholarship from Jiangsu Overseas Research & Training Program for University Prominent Young & Middle-Aged Teachers and Presidents. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 52 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 EI 1096-0309 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 440 IS 2 BP 130 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2013.05.028 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 200TM UT WOS:000323093800004 PM 23747531 ER PT J AU Taylor, MH Rollins, K Kobayashi, M Tausch, RJ AF Taylor, Michael H. Rollins, Kimberly Kobayashi, Mimako Tausch, Robin J. TI The economics of fuel management: Wildfire, invasive plants, and the dynamics of sagebrush rangelands in the western United States SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fuel Treatment; Wildfire; Sagebrush ecosystem; Great Basin; State-and-transition model; Ecological thresholds ID TRANSITION MODELS; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; FIRE; JUNIPER; STEPPE; USA; RESTORATION; THRESHOLDS; VEGETATION; PROGRAMS AB In this article we develop a simulation model to evaluate the economic efficiency of fuel treatments and apply it to two sagebrush ecosystems in the Great Basin of the western United States: the Wyoming Sagebrush Steppe and Mountain Big Sagebrush ecosystems. These ecosystems face the two most prominent concerns in sagebrush ecosystems relative to wildfire: annual grass invasion and native conifer expansion. Our model simulates long-run wildfire suppression costs with and without fuel treatments explicitly incorporating ecological dynamics, stochastic wildfire, uncertain fuel treatment success, and ecological thresholds. Our results indicate that, on the basis of wildfire suppression costs savings, fuel treatment is economically efficient only when the two ecosystems are in relatively good ecological health. We also investigate how shorter wildfire-return intervals, improved treatment success rates, and uncertainty about the location of thresholds between ecological states influence the economic efficiency of fuel treatments. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Taylor, Michael H.; Rollins, Kimberly; Kobayashi, Mimako] Univ Nevada, Dept Econ, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Tausch, Robin J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Taylor, MH (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Econ, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM mhtaylor@unr.edu; krollins@unr.edu; mkobayashi@worldbank.org; rtausch@fs.fed.us RI Rollins, Kimberly/N-9092-2013 OI Rollins, Kimberly/0000-0002-0720-006X FU Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station; Joint Fire Science Program, through SageSTEP; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX We acknowledge support from the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station, the Joint Fire Science Program, through SageSTEP, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service's "Area-wide Pest Management Program for Annual Grasses in the Great Basin Ecosystem". These sponsors did not play any role in the design of this study, in the manuscript preparation, or in the decision to submit this paper for publication. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 80 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 126 BP 157 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.044 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 173OH UT WOS:000321088300019 PM 23722151 ER PT J AU Chiou, BS Jafri, H Cao, T Robertson, GH Gregorski, KS Imam, SH Glenn, GM Orts, WJ AF Chiou, Bor-Sen Jafri, Haani Cao, Trung Robertson, George H. Gregorski, Kay S. Imam, Syed H. Glenn, Greg M. Orts, William J. TI Modification of wheat gluten with citric acid to produce superabsorbent materials SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomaterials; proteins; thermal properties ID ACID)/SODIUM HUMATE SUPERABSORBENT; ION-EXCHANGE PROPERTIES; PROTEIN-BASED HYDROGEL; WET CROSS-LINKING; SWELLING BEHAVIOR; GRAFT-COPOLYMERIZATION; ABSORBENCY; DERIVATIVES; CELLULOSE; CHITOSAN AB Wheat gluten was reacted with citric acid to produce natural superabsorbent materials able to absorb up to 78 times its weight in water. The properties of the modified gluten samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and water uptake. The reaction between gluten and citric acid was examined for gluten : citric acid ratios of 0.38 : 1 to 0.75 : 1 at temperatures from 100 to 130 degrees C. More citric acid reacted for samples containing higher citric acid concentrations and at higher temperatures. FTIR analyses indicated the presence of carboxylate groups on the modified gluten samples, which resulted in modified samples having higher water uptake values than neat gluten. The sample with a gluten:citric acid ratio of 0.5 : 1 and reaction temperature of 120 degrees C had the largest water uptake value. Also, all modified gluten samples had lower thermal stability than neat gluten. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 C1 [Chiou, Bor-Sen; Jafri, Haani; Cao, Trung; Robertson, George H.; Gregorski, Kay S.; Imam, Syed H.; Glenn, Greg M.; Orts, William J.] USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Chiou, BS (reprint author), USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bor-sen.chiou@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 129 IS 6 BP 3192 EP 3197 DI 10.1002/app.39044 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 167EY UT WOS:000320615200014 ER PT J AU Oliveira, JE Moraes, EA Marconcini, JM Mattoso, LHC Glenn, GM Medeiros, ES AF Oliveira, Juliano E. Moraes, Eduardo A. Marconcini, Jose M. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. Glenn, Gregory M. Medeiros, Eliton S. TI Properties of poly(lactic acid) and poly(ethylene oxide) solvent polymer mixtures and nanofibers made by solution blow spinning SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biofibers; biopolymers and renewable polymers; miscibility ID CONTROLLED DRUG-DELIVERY; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; SUSTAINED-RELEASE; PHASE-SEPARATION; INFRARED SPECTRA; BLENDS; NANOPARTICLES; MORPHOLOGY; FIBERS AB The properties of mixtures of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were studied in polymer solutions by dilute solution viscometry, and in-solution blow-spun nanofibers were studied by microscopy (scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy) and thermal and spectral analysis. Three mixtures of PLA and PEO (3:1, 1:1, and 1:3) were solution-blended in chloroform. Dilute solvent viscometry indicated that the 3:1 mixture of PLA and PEO had a higher miscibility coefficient value than the other mixtures. The neat polymers and mixtures were solution-blow-spun into nanofibers. The fiber diameters were smallest in the neat polymers. Transmission electron micrographs revealed a core/sheath structure for the sample mixtures. X-ray analysis indicated that the crystallinity was positively correlated with the PEO content. Fibers from the mixtures had contact angle measurements similar to those of the neat PEO. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy of the mixtures indicated interactions between ester and ether groups, which were attributed to dipole-dipole interactions between the ester groups of PLA and the ether groups of PEO. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 C1 [Oliveira, Juliano E.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Mat Engn, Programa Posgrad Ciencia & Engn Mat, BR-13565905 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Oliveira, Juliano E.; Moraes, Eduardo A.; Marconcini, Jose M.; Mattoso, Luiz H. C.; Glenn, Gregory M.] Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria, Lab Nacl Nanotecnol Agronegocio, BR-13560970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Glenn, Gregory M.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Medeiros, Eliton S.] Univ Fed Paraiba, Dept Mat Engn, BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. RP Medeiros, ES (reprint author), Univ Fed Paraiba, Dept Mat Engn, BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. EM eliton@ct.ufpb.br RI Marconcini, Jose/D-9702-2013; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 FU Agencia financiadora de estudos e projetos (FINEP)/Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnoloegico (CNPq); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Embrapa/Laboratorio Nacional de Nanotecnologia aplicada ao Agronegocio (LNNA); Fundacao de Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPES) FX The authors thank Agencia financiadora de estudos e projetos (FINEP)/Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnoloegico (CNPq), Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Embrapa/Laboratorio Nacional de Nanotecnologia aplicada ao Agronegocio (LNNA), and Fundacao de Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPES) for their financial support. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 79 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 129 IS 6 BP 3672 EP 3681 DI 10.1002/app.39061 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 167EY UT WOS:000320615200073 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Jang, SI Lillehoj, EP Min, W Bravo, DM AF Lee, Sung Hyen Lillehoj, Hyun S. Jang, Seung I. Lillehoj, Erik P. Min, Wongi Bravo, David M. TI Dietary supplementation of young broiler chickens with Capsicum and turmeric oleoresins increases resistance to necrotic enteritis SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Capsicum; Turmeric; Chickens; Necrotic enteritis; Immunology ID CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; AVIAN COCCIDIOSIS; ALPHA-TOXIN; IMMUNITY; INFECTION; CINNAMALDEHYDE; PATHOGENESIS; INFLAMMATION; LYMPHOCYTES; ANIMALS AB The Clostridium-related poultry disease, necrotic enteritis (NE), causes substantial economic losses on a global scale. In the present study, a mixture of two plant-derived phytonutrients, Capsicum oleoresin and turmeric oleoresin (XT), was evaluated for its effects on local and systemic immune responses using a co-infection model of experimental NE in commercial broilers. Chickens were fed from hatch with a diet supplemented with XT, or with a non-supplemented control diet, and either uninfected or orally challenged with virulent Eimeria maxima oocysts at 14 d and Clostridium perfringens at 18 d of age. Parameters of protective immunity were as follows: (1) body weight; (2) gut lesions; (3) serum levels of C. perfringens a-toxin and NE B-like (NetB) toxin; (4) serum levels of antibodies to alpha-toxin and NetB toxin; (5) levels of gene transcripts encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the intestine and spleen. Infected chickens fed the XT-supplemented diet had increased body weight and reduced gut lesion scores compared with infected birds given the non-supplemented diet. The XT-fed group also displayed decreased serum alpha-toxin levels and reduced intestinal IL-8, lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha factor (LITAF), IL-17A and IL-17F mRNA levels, while cytokine/chemokine levels in splenocytes increased in the XT-fed group, compared with the animals fed the control diet. In conclusion, the present study documents the molecular and cellular immune changes following dietary supplementation with extracts of Capsicum and turmeric that may be relevant to protective immunity against avian NE. C1 [Lee, Sung Hyen; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Jang, Seung I.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Life Sci Res Inst, Coll Vet Med, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Bravo, David M.] Pancosma SA, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC East, Bldg 1043, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM hyun.lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366 FU Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture; Pancosma S.A.; World Class University Program of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea [R33-10013] FX The authors thank Dr Kyung Woo Lee, Dr Duk Kyung Kim, Myeong Seon Park, Marjorie Nichols, Stacy O'Donnell and Ashley Cox for scientific input and technical assistance. The present study was partially supported by a formal trust agreement established between the Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture and Pancosma S.A., and the World Class University Program (R33-10013) of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea. The present study was carried out during sabbatical leave at the National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Gyeonggi, Korea. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. S. H. L. conceived, designed and performed the experiments, analysed the data, and wrote the manuscript; H. S. L. conceived and designed the experiments; S. I. J. performed the experiments; M. S. J. performed the experiments; E. P. L. wrote the manuscript; W. M. designed the experiments; D. M. B. conceived the experiments. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. NR 39 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 47 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD SEP 14 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 5 BP 840 EP 847 DI 10.1017/S0007114512006083 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 203HB UT WOS:000323281500007 PM 23566550 ER PT J AU Vargas-Pino, F Gutierrez-Cedillo, V Canales-Vargas, EJ Gress-Ortega, LR Miller, LA Rupprecht, CE Bender, SC Garcia-Reyna, P Ocampo-Lopez, J Slate, D AF Vargas-Pino, Fernando Gutierrez-Cedillo, Veronica Canales-Vargas, Erick J. Gress-Ortega, Luis R. Miller, Lowell A. Rupprecht, Charles E. Bender, Scott C. Garcia-Reyna, Patricia Ocampo-Lopez, Juan Slate, Dennis TI Concomitant administration of GonaCon (TM) and rabies vaccine in female dogs (Canis familiaris) in Mexico SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Dog; Canine; Rabies; GnRH; Immunocontraception; GonaCon (TM) ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION AB Mexico serves as a global model for advances in rabies prevention and control in dogs. The Mexican Ministry of Health (MMH) annual application of approximately 16 million doses of parenteral rabies vaccine has resulted in significant reductions in canine rabies during the past 20 years. One collateral parameter of rabies programs is dog population management. Enhanced public awareness is critical to reinforce responsible pet ownership. Surgical spaying and neutering remain important to prevent reproduction, but are impractical for achieving dog population management goals. GonaCon (TM), an anti-gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine, was initially tested in captive female dogs on the Navajo Nation, 2008. The MMH led this international collaborative study on an improved formulation of GonaCon (TM) in captive dogs with local representatives in Hidalgo, Mexico in 2011. This study contained 20 bitches assigned to Group A (6 control), Group B (7 GonaCon (TM)), and Group C (7 GonaCon (TM) and rabies vaccine). Vaccines were delivered IM. Animals were placed under observation and evaluated during the 61-day trial. Clinically, all dogs behaved normally. No limping or prostration was observed, in spite of minor muscle atrophy post-mortem in the left hind leg of dogs that received GonaCon (TM). Two dogs that began the study pregnant give birth to healthy pups. Dogs that received a GonaCon (TM) injection had macro and microscopic lesions consistent with prior findings, but the adverse injection effects were less frequent and lower in intensity. Both vaccines were immunogenic based on significant increases in rabies virus neutralizing antibodies and anti-GnRH antibodies in treatment Groups B and C. Simultaneous administration of GonaCon (TM) and rabies vaccine in Group C did not affect immunogenicity. Progesterone was suppressed significantly in comparison to controls. Future studies that monitor fertility through multiple breeding cycles represent a research need to determine the value of integrating this vaccine into dog rabies management. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vargas-Pino, Fernando; Gutierrez-Cedillo, Veronica] Mexican Minist Hlth, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Canales-Vargas, Erick J.; Gress-Ortega, Luis R.] State Hlth Serv Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. [Miller, Lowell A.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS USA. [Bender, Scott C.] Navajo Nation, Navajo Nation Vet Program, Chinle, AZ USA. [Garcia-Reyna, Patricia; Ocampo-Lopez, Juan] Hidalgo State Autonomous Univ, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico. [Slate, Dennis] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Concord, NH USA. RP Vargas-Pino, F (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Rabies Management Program, 59 Chenell Dr,Suite 2, Concord, NH 03301 USA. EM subzoonosis@gmail.com; rabiareservorio@gmail.com; zoonosishgo@yahoo.com.mx; ssh_properzoo@yahoo.com.mx; lowell.a.miller@aphis.usda.gov; charles_rupprecht@yahoo.com; scottbender@navajo-nsn.gov; reynabp@yahoo.com.mx; jocampo@uaeh.edu.mx; dennis.slate@aphis.usda.gov FU Public Health Services, Hidalgo State FX The PROVEZA Refuge for the use of their facilities and support care for the dogs; Drs. Jorge F. Islas-Fuentes and Ana M. Tavares-Jimenez, Public Health Services, Hidalgo State, for their technical and financial support for this study and Jose M. Mendez-Garcia, DVM, operative coordinator of the veterinary personnel for the clinical evaluation and medical care of dogs in this the study; the Clinical Laboratory technicians of the Tizayuca's Sanitary Region for the blood sampling studies and the State Laboratory personnel for their support in preparing, storing and packing serum samples for shipment. We also recognize the Rabies Section, National Center of Animal Health Diagnostics Services (CENASA/SENASICA/SAGARPA) for conducting FAVN testing and to the academic personnel and veterinary students from the Academic Section of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Animal and Plant Science Institute, Autonomous University, Hidalgo State, who conducted necropsy and microscopic studies. We extend special thanks to Dr. Kathleen A. Fagerstone, APHIS, WS, NWRC for her technical expertise and assistance in developmental aspects of this study and Luis Lecuona, DVM, APHIS, IS, Mexico for his logistical and communication support in the organization and developmental steps that led to this study, and for development of the final report. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 13 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 40 BP 4442 EP 4447 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.061 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 219MG UT WOS:000324510500026 PM 23871822 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Bernier, UR Ali, A Wang, M Demirci, B Bythe, EK Khan, SI Baser, KHC Khan, IA AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Bernier, Ulrich R. Ali, Abbas Wang, Mei Demirci, Betul Bythe, Eugene K. Khan, Shabana I. Baser, K. Husnu Can Khan, Ikhlas A. TI Bioassay-Guided Investigation of Two Monarda Essential Oils as Repellents of Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Monarda bradburiana; Monarda fistulosa; mosquito repellent; carvacrol; thymol; eugenol; carvacrol methyl ether; (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol; cytotoxicity ID INSECT REPELLENTS; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; UNITED-STATES; PESTICIDES AB As part of an ongoing research program to identify active mosquito repellents, Monarda bradburiana Beck and Monarda fistulosa L. essential oils showed good repellent activity with minimum effective dosages (MED) of 0.055 +/- 0.036 and 0.078 +/- 0.027 mg/cm(2), respectively; compared to reference standard N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) (0.039 +/- 0.014 mg/cm2). Systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of essential oils of both Monarda species was performed to identify the active repellent compounds, and isolated pure compounds were individually tested for repellency. Of the isolated compounds, carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, and carvacrol methyl ether were found to be the repellent compounds with MEDs in the range of 0.013-0.063 mg/cm(2). Active repellent compounds were also tested for larvicidal activity against 1-day-old Aedes aegypti larvae. Thymol was the best larvicide among the tested individual compounds (LD50 of 13.9 ppm). None of the individual compounds showed cytotoxicity against mammalian cells; however, the essential oils were toxic to all cell lines. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Ali, Abbas; Wang, Mei; Khan, Shabana I.; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Shabana I.; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. [Bernier, Ulrich R.] ARS, CMAVE, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Demirci, Betul; Baser, K. Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, Fac Pharm, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Bythe, Eugene K.] Mississippi State Univ, Coastal Res & Extens Ctr, South Mississippi Branch, Expt Stn, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Baser, K. Husnu Can] King Saud Univ, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Coll Sci, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. RP Tabanca, N (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ntabanca@olemiss.edu OI Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 FU USDA-ARS [56-6402-1-612]; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board and a Special Research Initiative; Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station FX This study was supported in part by USDA-ARS grant No. 56-6402-1-612, Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board and a Special Research Initiative grant from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 11 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 36 BP 8573 EP 8580 DI 10.1021/jf402182h PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 295DL UT WOS:000330096700011 PM 23919579 ER PT J AU Tremblay, A Hosseini, P Li, SX Alkharouf, NW Matthews, BF AF Tremblay, Arianne Hosseini, Parsa Li, Shuxian Alkharouf, Nadim W. Matthews, Benjamin F. TI Analysis of Phakopsora pachyrhizi transcript abundance in critical pathways at four time-points during infection of a susceptible soybean cultivar using deep sequencing SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Deep sequencing; Transcript abundance; Phakopsora pachyrhizi; Plant-pathogen interaction; Soybean; Soybean rust ID FUNGUS UROMYCES-FABAE; MEMBRANE H+-ATPASE; SPORE GERMINATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; RNA-SEQ; MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS; CONIDIAL GERMINATION; RIBONUCLEIC-ACIDS; RUST RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES AB Background: Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent responsible for soybean rust, is among the top hundred most virulent plant pathogens and can cause soybean yield losses of up to 80% when appropriate conditions are met. We used mRNA-Seq by Illumina to analyze pathogen transcript abundance at 15 seconds (s), 7 hours (h), 48 h, and 10 days (d) after inoculation (ai) of susceptible soybean leaves with P. pachyrhizi to gain new insights into transcript abundance in soybean and the pathogen at specific time-points during the infection including the uredinial stage. Results: Over three million five hundred thousand sequences were obtained for each time-point. Energy, nucleotide metabolism, and protein synthesis are major priorities for the fungus during infection and development as indicated by our transcript abundance studies. At all time-points, energy production is a necessity for P. pachyrhizi, as indicated by expression of many transcripts encoding enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate, pentose phosphate, pyruvate). However, at 15 sai, transcripts encoding enzymes involved in ATP production were highly abundant in order to provide enough energy for the spore to germinate, as observed by the expression of many transcripts encoding proteins involved in electron transport. At this early time-point, transcripts encoding proteins involved in RNA synthesis were also highly abundant, more so than transcripts encoding genes involved in DNA and protein synthesis. At 7 hai, shortly after germination during tube elongation and penetration, transcripts encoding enzymes involved in deoxyribonucleotide and DNA synthesis were highly abundant. At 48 hai, transcripts encoding enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism were highly abundant to provide for increased protein synthesis during haustoria maturation. During sporulation at 10 dai, the fungus still required carbohydrate metabolism, but there also was increased expression of transcripts encoding enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism. Conclusion: This information provides insight into molecular events and their timing throughout the life cycle of the P. pachyrhizi, and it may be useful in the development of new methods of broadening resistance of soybean to soybean rust. C1 [Tremblay, Arianne; Matthews, Benjamin F.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hosseini, Parsa] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Hosseini, Parsa] NIH, Computat Biol Branch, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Li, Shuxian] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Alkharouf, Nadim W.] Towson Univ, Fischer Coll Sci & Math, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Tremblay, Arianne] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Biol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Tremblay, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM arianne@umbc.edu FU United Soybean Board project [T0258]; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine FX The authors thank Alicia Beavers for her excellent technical assistance, and Richard Joost, Eric Brewer, for their careful critical review of the manuscript. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from United Soybean Board project number T0258. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine. Mention of trade name, proprietary product or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 27 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD SEP 11 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 614 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-614 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 219QH UT WOS:000324522700001 PM 24025037 ER PT J AU Brunelle, BW Bearson, SMD Bearson, BL AF Brunelle, Brian W. Bearson, Shawn M. D. Bearson, Bradley L. TI Tetracycline accelerates the temporally-regulated invasion response in specific isolates of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antibiotics; Drug-resistant; Invasion; Salmonella; Tetracycline; Typhimurium; DT104; DT193 ID PATHOGENICITY ISLAND 1; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SUBINHIBITORY CONCENTRATIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; GENOMIC ISLAND-1; UNITED-STATES; FOOD ANIMALS; IN-VITRO; DT104 AB Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella isolates are associated with increased morbidity compared to antibiotic-sensitive strains and are an important health and safety concern in both humans and animals. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a prevalent cause of foodborne disease, and a considerable number of S. Typhimurium isolates from humans and livestock are resistant to three or more antibiotics. The majority of these MDR S. Typhimurium isolates are resistant to tetracycline, a commonly used and clinically and agriculturally relevant antibiotic. Because exposure of drug-resistant bacteria to antibiotics can affect cellular processes associated with virulence, such as invasion, we investigated the effect tetracycline had on the invasiveness of tetracycline-resistant MDR S. Typhimurium isolates. Results: The isolates selected and tested were from two common definitive phage types of S. Typhimurium, DT104 and DT193, and were resistant to tetracycline and at least three other antibiotics. Although Salmonella invasiveness is temporally regulated and normally occurs during late-log growth phase, tetracycline exposure induced the full invasive phenotype in a cell culture assay during early-log growth in several DT193 isolates. No changes in invasiveness due to tetracycline exposure occurred in the DT104 isolates during early-log growth or in any of the isolates during late-log growth. Real-time PCR was used to test expression of the virulence genes hilA, prgH, and invF, and these genes were significantly up-regulated during early-log growth in most isolates due to tetracycline exposure; however, increased virulence gene expression did not always correspond with increased invasion, and therefore was not an accurate indicator of elevated invasiveness. This is the first report to assess DT193 isolates, as well as the early-log growth phase, in response to tetracycline exposure, and it was the combination of both parameters that was necessary to observe the induced invasion phenotype. Conclusions: In this report, we demonstrate that the invasiveness of MDR S. Typhimurium can be modulated in the presence of tetracycline, and this effect is dependent on growth phase, antibiotic concentration, and strain background. Identifying the conditions necessary to establish an invasive phenotype is important to elucidate the underlying factors associated with increased virulence of MDR Salmonella. C1 [Brunelle, Brian W.; Bearson, Shawn M. D.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bearson, Bradley L.] ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Brunelle, BW (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Brian.Brunelle@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, ARS CRIS funds FX We would like to thank Briony Atkinson for her superlative technical assistance, as well as Dr. Thomas Casey and Dr. Tracy Nicholson for their critical review of the manuscript. This research was supported by USDA, ARS CRIS funds. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendations or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD SEP 11 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 202 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-13-202 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 217EN UT WOS:000324339700001 PM 24020473 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Domke, GM Riley, KL Oswalt, CM Crocker, SJ Yohe, GW AF Woodall, Christopher W. Domke, Grant M. Riley, Karin L. Oswalt, Christopher M. Crocker, Susan J. Yohe, Gary W. TI A Framework for Assessing Global Change Risks to Forest Carbon Stocks in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISTURBANCES; US; UNCERTAINTY; WORLD AB Among terrestrial environments, forests are not only the largest long-term sink of atmospheric carbon (C), but are also susceptible to global change themselves, with potential consequences including alterations of C cycles and potential C emission. To inform global change risk assessment of forest C across large spatial/temporal scales, this study constructed and evaluated a basic risk framework which combined the magnitude of C stocks and their associated probability of stock change in the context of global change across the US. For the purposes of this analysis, forest C was divided into five pools, two live (aboveground and belowground biomass) and three dead (dead wood, soil organic matter, and forest floor) with a risk framework parameterized using the US's national greenhouse gas inventory and associated forest inventory data across current and projected future Koppen-Geiger climate zones (A1F1 scenario). Results suggest that an initial forest C risk matrix may be constructed to focus attention on short-and long-term risks to forest C stocks (as opposed to implementation in decision making) using inventory-based estimates of total stocks and associated estimates of variability (i.e., coefficient of variation) among climate zones. The empirical parameterization of such a risk matrix highlighted numerous knowledge gaps: 1) robust measures of the likelihood of forest C stock change under climate change scenarios, 2) projections of forest C stocks given unforeseen socioeconomic conditions (i.e., land-use change), and 3) appropriate social responses to global change events for which there is no contemporary climate/disturbance analog (e. g., severe droughts in the Lake States). Coupling these current technical/social limits of developing a risk matrix to the biological processes of forest ecosystems (i.e., disturbance events and interaction among diverse forest C pools, potential positive feedbacks, and forest resiliency/recovery) suggests an operational forest C risk matrix remains elusive. C1 [Woodall, Christopher W.; Domke, Grant M.; Crocker, Susan J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Riley, Karin L.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Oswalt, Christopher M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Yohe, Gary W.] Wesleyan Univ, Middletown, CT USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us OI Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 30 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 10 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e73222 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073222 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 259PK UT WOS:000327538600021 PM 24039889 ER PT J AU Germana, MA Aleza, P Carrera, E Chen, CX Chiancone, B Costantino, G Dambier, D Deng, XX Federici, CT Froelicher, Y Guo, WW Ibanez, V Juarez, J Kwok, K Luro, F Machado, MA Naranjo, MA Navarro, L Ollitrault, P Rios, G Roose, ML Talon, M Xu, Q Gmitter, FG AF Germana, Maria Antonietta Aleza, Pablo Carrera, Esther Chen, Chunxian Chiancone, Benedetta Costantino, Gilles Dambier, Dominique Deng, Xiuxin Federici, Claire T. Froelicher, Yann Guo, Wenwu Ibanez, Victoria Juarez, Jose Kwok, Kevin Luro, Francois Machado, Marcos A. Angel Naranjo, Miguel Navarro, Luis Ollitrault, Patrick Rios, Gabino Roose, Mikeal L. Talon, Manuel Xu, Qiang Gmitter, Fred G., Jr. TI Cytological and molecular characterization of three gametoclones of Citrus clementina SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anther culture; Gynogenesis; Gametoclonal variation; Genome sequencing ID HORT EX TAN; ANTHER CULTURE; RETICULATA BLANCO; REGENERATION; RECOVERY; MARKERS; GENOME; SSRS AB Background: Three gametoclonal plants of Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan., cv. Nules, designated ESP, FRA, and ITA (derived from three labs in Spain, France, and Italy, respectively), were selected for cytological and molecular characterization in order to elucidate genomic rearrangements provoked by haploidization. The study included comparisons of their ploidy, homozygosity, genome integrity, and gene dosage, using chromosome counting, flow cytometry, SSR marker genotyping, and array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (array-CGH). Results: Chromosome counting and flow cytometry revealed that ESP and FRA were haploid, but ITA was tri-haploid. Homozygous patterns, represented by a single peak (allele), were observed among the three plants at almost all SSR loci distributed across the entire diploid donor genome. Those few loci with extra peaks visualized as output from automated sequencing runs, generally low or ambiguous, might result from amplicons of paralogous members at the locus, non-specific sites, or unexpected recombinant alleles. No new alleles were found, suggesting the genomes remained stable and intact during gametogenesis and regeneration. The integrity of the haploid genome also was supported by array-CGH studies, in which genomic profiles were comparable to the diploid control. Conclusions: The presence of few gene hybridization abnormalities, corroborated by gene dosage measurements, were hypothetically due to the segregation of hemizygous alleles and minor genomic rearrangements occurring during the haploidization procedure. In conclusion, these plants that are valuable genetic and breeding materials contain completely homozygous and essentially intact genomes. C1 [Germana, Maria Antonietta; Chiancone, Benedetta] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Sci Agr & Forestali, I-90128 Palermo, Italy. [Carrera, Esther; Ibanez, Victoria; Angel Naranjo, Miguel; Rios, Gabino; Talon, Manuel] IVIA, Ctr Genom, Valencia, Spain. [Chen, Chunxian; Gmitter, Fred G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Dambier, Dominique; Froelicher, Yann; Ollitrault, Patrick] CIRAD, Dept Syst Biol, Unite Rech Multiplicat Vegetat Montpellier, Paris, France. [Deng, Xiuxin; Guo, Wenwu; Xu, Qiang] Huazhong Agr Univ, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Federici, Claire T.; Kwok, Kevin; Roose, Mikeal L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Costantino, Gilles; Luro, Francois] INRA, UR GEQA, San Giuliano, France. [Machado, Marcos A.] Inst Agron Campinas, Ctr APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira, Cordeiropolis, SP, Brazil. [Aleza, Pablo; Juarez, Jose; Navarro, Luis] IVIA, Ctr Protecc Vegetal & Biotecnol, Valencia, Spain. [Chen, Chunxian] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Gmitter, FG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL USA. EM fgmitter@ufl.edu RI Citros, Inct/I-2442-2013; Talon, Manuel/C-8540-2014; Navarro, Luis/D-1001-2012; Rios, Gabino/F-4046-2011; Carrera, Esther/L-1741-2014; Aleza, Pablo/M-3710-2014; OI Talon, Manuel/0000-0003-4291-9333; Navarro, Luis/0000-0001-5163-5960; Carrera, Esther/0000-0002-3454-7552; Aleza, Pablo/0000-0002-8936-1448; Germana, Maria Antonietta/0000-0002-3625-792X FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion-FEDER [PSE-060000-2009-008, IPT-010000-2010-43]; Ministry of 'Econom a y Competivida-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)' [AGL2011-26490]; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain [PrometeoII/2013/008]; Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council; Citrus Research and Development Foundation, on behalf of the Florida citrus growers; French Genomic ANR CITRUSSEQ project; INCT Citrus by FAPESP; CNPq FX Work at the Centro de Genomica (IVIA) was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion-FEDER grants PSE-060000-2009-008 and IPT-010000-2010-43, and grants [AGL2011-26490] from the Ministry of 'Econom a y Competivida-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)' and [PrometeoII/2013/008] from the Generalitat Valenciana, Spain. Work performed by Elena Blazquez, Angel Boix, Isabel Sanchis is gratefully acknowledged. Work at the UF-Citrus Research and Education Center was supported by grants from the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council, and the Citrus Research and Development Foundation, on behalf of the Florida citrus growers. Work at the CIRAD was supported by the French Genomic ANR 2008 CITRUSSEQ project. Work at IAC was supported by INCT Citrus by FAPESP and CNPq. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 25 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD SEP 10 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 129 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-129 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 222XX UT WOS:000324767400001 PM 24020638 ER PT J AU Lingafelter, SW Nearns, EH AF Lingafelter, Steven W. Nearns, Eugenio H. TI Elucidating Article 45.6 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: A dichotomous key for the determination of subspecific or infrasubspecific rank SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE available name; binomen; ICZN; subspecies; trinomen AB We present an overview of the difficulties sometimes encountered when determining whether a published name following a binomen is available or infrasubspecific and unavailable, following Article 45.6 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999). We propose a dichotomous key that facilitates this determination and as a preferable method, given the convoluted and subordinate discussion, exceptions, and qualifications laid out in ICZN (1999: 49-50). Examples and citations are provided for each case one can encounter while making this assessment of availability status of names following the binomen. C1 [Lingafelter, Steven W.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Nearns, Eugenio H.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lingafelter, SW (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM steve.lingafelter@ars.usda.gov; gino@nearns.com NR 9 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD SEP 10 PY 2013 VL 3709 IS 6 BP 597 EP 600 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 212YX UT WOS:000324020300009 PM 26240934 ER PT J AU Biddinger, DJ Robertson, JL Mullin, C Frazier, J Ashcraft, SA Rajotte, EG Joshi, NK Vaughn, M AF Biddinger, David J. Robertson, Jacqueline L. Mullin, Chris Frazier, James Ashcraft, Sara A. Rajotte, Edwin G. Joshi, Neelendra K. Vaughn, Mace TI Comparative Toxicities and Synergism of Apple Orchard Pesticides to Apis mellifera (L.) and Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; HONEY-BEES; POLLINATOR DECLINE; HYMENOPTERA; INSECTICIDES; MEGACHILIDAE; GROWTH AB The topical toxicities of five commercial grade pesticides commonly sprayed in apple orchards were estimated on adult worker honey bees, Apis mellifera (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Japanese orchard bees, Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). The pesticides were acetamiprid (Assail 30SG), lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior II), dimethoate (Dimethoate 4EC), phosmet (Imidan 70W), and imidacloprid (Provado 1.6F). At least 5 doses of each chemical, diluted in distilled water, were applied to freshly-eclosed adult bees. Mortality was assessed after 48 hr. Dose-mortality regressions were analyzed by probit analysis to test the hypotheses of parallelism and equality by likelihood ratio tests. For A. mellifera, the decreasing order of toxicity at LD50 was imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, dimethoate, phosmet, and acetamiprid. For O. cornifrons, the decreasing order of toxicity at LD50 was dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and phosmet. Interaction of imidacloprid or acetamiprid with the fungicide fenbuconazole (Indar 2F) was also tested in a 1:1 proportion for each species. Estimates of response parameters for each mixture component applied to each species were compared with dose-response data for each mixture in statistical tests of the hypothesis of independent joint action. For each mixture, the interaction of fenbuconazole (a material non-toxic to both species) was significant and positive along the entire line for the pesticide. Our results clearly show that responses of A. mellifera cannot be extrapolated to responses of O. cornifrons, and that synergism of neonicotinoid insecticides and fungicides occurs using formulated product in mixtures as they are commonly applied in apple orchards. C1 [Biddinger, David J.; Joshi, Neelendra K.] Penn State Univ, Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Biglerville, PA USA. [Robertson, Jacqueline L.] USDA, Forest Serv PSW Stn, Albany, CA USA. [Biddinger, David J.; Mullin, Chris; Frazier, James; Ashcraft, Sara A.; Rajotte, Edwin G.; Joshi, Neelendra K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA USA. [Vaughn, Mace] Xerces Soc, Portland, OR USA. RP Robertson, JL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Biglerville, PA USA. EM thesmokesdude@aol.com FU USDA NIFA [PEN04398]; State Horticultural Association of Pennsylvania FX The authors thank the USDA NIFA for a SCRI grant (#PEN04398) on sustainable fruit pollination and the State Horticultural Association of Pennsylvania for their financial support. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 13 U2 115 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e72587 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0072587 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 244QV UT WOS:000326405300014 PM 24039783 ER PT J AU Niogret, J Epsky, ND Schnell, RJ Boza, EJ Kendra, PE Heath, RR AF Niogret, Jerome Epsky, Nancy D. Schnell, Raymond J. Boza, Edward J. Kendra, Paul E. Heath, Robert R. TI Terpenoid Variations within and among Half-Sibling Avocado Trees, Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE SCOLYTINAE; REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE; XYLEBORUS-GLABRATUS; BARK BEETLE; OIL CELLS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PITYOGENES-BIDENTATUS; PATERNITY INFERENCE; VOLATILE EMISSIONS; PHOEBE OIL AB Chemical analyses were conducted to determine the qualitative and quantitative differences in monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in plant material from avocado trees, Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae). The initial study analyzed plant material sampled from the trunk to the leaves through different branch diameters to quantify proximo-distal spatial differences within a tree. All trees were seedlings initiated from a single maternal tree. Two-way analysis of variance was conducted on 34 chemicals that comprised at least 3% of the total chemical content of at least one tree and/or location within a tree. There were significant interactions between genotype and location sampled for most chemicals. Parentage analysis using microsatellite molecular markers (SSR's) determined that the four trees had three fathers and that they represented two full-siblings and two half-sibling trees. Descriptive discriminant analysis found that both genotype and location within a tree could be separated based on chemical content, and that the chemical content from full-siblings tended to be more similar than chemical content from half-siblings. To further explore the relationship between genetic background and chemical content, samples were analyzed from leaf material from 20 trees that included two sets of full-sibling seedling trees, the maternal tree and the surviving paternal tree. Descriptive discriminant analysis found good separation between the two full-sibling groups, and that the separation was associated with chemistry of the parental trees. Six groups of chemicals were identified that explained the variation among the trees. We discuss the results in relation to the discrimination process used by wood-boring insects for site-selection on host trees, for tree selection among potential host trees, and the potential use of terpenoid chemical content in chemotaxonomy of avocado trees. C1 [Niogret, Jerome; Epsky, Nancy D.; Schnell, Raymond J.; Boza, Edward J.; Kendra, Paul E.; Heath, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL USA. RP Epsky, ND (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL USA. EM Nancy.Epsky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX Funding was provided by USDA. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e73601 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073601 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 244QV UT WOS:000326405300097 PM 24039994 ER PT J AU Duressa, D Anchieta, A Chen, DQ Klimes, A Garcia-Pedrajas, MD Dobinson, KF Klosterman, SJ AF Duressa, Dechassa Anchieta, Amy Chen, Dongquan Klimes, Anna Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria D. Dobinson, Katherine F. Klosterman, Steven J. TI RNA-seq analyses of gene expression in the microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Verticillium dahliae; Morphogenesis; Microsclerotia; RNA-seq; Gene expression ID FUNGAL MELANIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; PODOSPORA-ANSERINA; ALBO-ATRUM; INCOMPATIBILITY REACTION; PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; HYDROPHOBIN GENE; WILT FUNGUS; GERMINATION AB Background: The soilborne fungus, Verticillium dahliae, causes Verticillium wilt disease in plants. Verticillium wilt is difficult to control since V. dahliae is capable of persisting in the soil for 10 to 15 years as melanized microsclerotia, rendering crop rotation strategies for disease control ineffective. Microsclerotia of V. dahliae overwinter and germinate to produce infectious hyphae that give rise to primary infections. Consequently, microsclerotia formation, maintenance, and germination are critically important processes in the disease cycle of V. dahliae. Results: To shed additional light on the molecular processes that contribute to microsclerotia biogenesis and melanin synthesis in V. dahliae, three replicate RNA-seq libraries were prepared from 10 day-old microsclerotia (MS)-producing cultures of V. dahliae, strain VdLs. 17 (average = 52.23 million reads), and those not producing microsclerotia (NoMS, average = 50.58 million reads). Analyses of these libraries for differential gene expression revealed over 200 differentially expressed genes, including up-regulation of melanogenesis-associated genes tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase (344-fold increase) and scytalone dehydratase (231-fold increase), and additional genes located in a 48.8 kilobase melanin biosynthetic gene cluster of strain VdLs. 17. Nearly 50% of the genes identified as differentially expressed in the MS library encode hypothetical proteins. Additional comparative analyses of gene expression in V. dahliae, under growth conditions that promote or preclude microsclerotial development, were conducted using a microarray approach with RNA derived from V. dahliae strain Dvd-T5, and from the amicrosclerotial vdh1 strain. Differential expression of selected genes observed by RNA-seq or microarray analysis was confirmed using RT-qPCR or Northern hybridizations. Conclusion: Collectively, the data acquired from these investigations provide additional insight into gene expression and molecular processes that occur during MS biogenesis and maturation in V. dahliae. The identified gene products could therefore potentially represent new targets for disease control through prevention of survival structure development. C1 [Duressa, Dechassa; Anchieta, Amy; Klosterman, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. [Chen, Dongquan] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Chen, Dongquan] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Klimes, Anna; Dobinson, Katherine F.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON, Canada. [Klimes, Anna; Dobinson, Katherine F.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada. [Klimes, Anna] Western New England Univ, Dept Physiol & Biol Sci, Springfield, MA USA. [Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria D.] Consejo Super Invest Cient IHSM UMA CSIC, Inst Hortofruticultura Subtrop & Mediterranea La, Estn Expt La Mayora, Malaga, Spain. RP Klosterman, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. EM Steve.Klosterman@ars.usda.gov RI Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria /G-1729-2015 OI Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria /0000-0001-5520-1887 FU California Department of Food and Agriculture [SCB09023]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX The authors acknowledge funding from the California Department of Food and Agriculture, Agreement SCB09023, and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We are thankful for the help of Patrick Chapman for contributions in tabulating microarray data for database submission. NR 59 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 49 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD SEP 9 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 607 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-607 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 241MM UT WOS:000326171200001 PM 24015849 ER PT J AU Albright, VC Hellmich, RL Coats, JR AF Albright, Vurtice C. Hellmich, Richard L. Coats, Joel R. TI Biological validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of Cry proteins in the environment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Albright, Vurtice C.; Hellmich, Richard L.; Coats, Joel R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hellmich, Richard L.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM valbrigh@iastate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 122-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400376 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Curbelo, MA Lehotay, SJ Hernandez-Borges, J AF Angel Gonzalez-Curbelo, Miguel Lehotay, Steven J. Hernandez-Borges, Javier TI Validation of a modified QuEChERS version for high-throughput analysis of a wide range of pesticides in foods SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Angel Gonzalez-Curbelo, Miguel; Lehotay, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Angel Gonzalez-Curbelo, Miguel; Hernandez-Borges, Javier] Univ Laguna, Fac Quim, Tenerife 38206, Canary Islands, Spain. EM steven.lehotay@ars.usda.gov RI Hernandez-Borges, Javier/B-7624-2011; Gonzalez Curbelo, Miguel Angel/I-7165-2016 OI Hernandez-Borges, Javier/0000-0001-8895-5554; Gonzalez Curbelo, Miguel Angel/0000-0001-6047-4302 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 157-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400399 ER PT J AU Buser, M Whitelock, D AF Buser, Michael Whitelock, Derek TI Field evaluation of EPA approved PM10 and PM2.5 ambient FRM samplers for determining emission concentrations from agricultural sources SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Buser, Michael] Oklahoma State Univ, Biosyst & Agr Engn Dept, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Whitelock, Derek] USDA ARS, Southwestern Cotton Ginning Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. EM buser@okstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 304-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400515 ER PT J AU Buser, M Whitelock, D AF Buser, Michael Whitelock, Derek TI Field evaluation of EPA Method 201a (stack sampling methodology) for determining PM2.5 and PM10 emission concentrations from an agricultural source SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Buser, Michael] Oklahoma State Univ, Biosyst & Agr Engn Dept, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Whitelock, Derek] USDA ARS, Southwestern Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. EM buser@okstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 305-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400516 ER PT J AU Buser, M Koller, A Whitelock, D AF Buser, Michael Koller, Adrian Whitelock, Derek TI Large-scale particulate matter air sampling system for high density data measurments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Buser, Michael; Koller, Adrian] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Whitelock, Derek] ARS, Southwestern Cotton Ginning Res Lab, USDA, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. EM buser@okstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 224-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400446 ER PT J AU Cao, YZ Youngblood, J Moon, R Weiss, J Zavattieri, P AF Cao, Yizheng Youngblood, Jeffrey Moon, Robert Weiss, Jason Zavattieri, Pablo TI High performance cellulose nanocrystal reinforced cement composites via improving degree of hydration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Cao, Yizheng; Youngblood, Jeffrey] Purdue Univ, Dept Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Moon, Robert] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Weiss, Jason; Zavattieri, Pablo] Purdue Univ, Dept Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM cao19@purdue.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 15-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618401330 ER PT J AU Cheng, HN Biswas, A AF Cheng, H. N. Biswas, Atanu TI Syntheses of polymeric materials from triglyceride oils SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Cheng, H. N.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Biswas, Atanu] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM hn.cheng@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 277-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618407040 ER PT J AU Cheng, HN AF Cheng, H. N. TI NMR studies of polymer structure, composition, and heterogeneity SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Cheng, H. N.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM hn.cheng@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 364-CHED PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618401749 ER PT J AU Compton, DL Evans, KO Laszlo, JA AF Compton, David L. Evans, Kervin O. Laszlo, Joseph A. TI Antioxidant efficacy of feruloyl glycerols in model membranes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Compton, David L.; Evans, Kervin O.; Laszlo, Joseph A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.compton@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 176-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400244 ER PT J AU Dea, S Raithore, S Plotto, A Bai, JH Manthey, J Narciso, J Irey, M Baldwin, E AF Dea, Sharon Raithore, Smita Plotto, Anne Bai, Jinhe Manthey, John Narciso, Jan Irey, Mike Baldwin, Elizabeth TI Effect of blending Huanglongbing (HLB) infected orange juice with healthy juice on flavor quality SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Dea, Sharon; Raithore, Smita; Plotto, Anne; Bai, Jinhe; Manthey, John; Narciso, Jan; Baldwin, Elizabeth] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Irey, Mike] US Sugar Corp, Southern Gardens Citrus, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. EM smita.raithore@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 146-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400215 ER PT J AU Deterre, S McCollum, G Leclair, C Manthey, J Bai, JH Baldwin, E Plotto, A AF Deterre, Sophie McCollum, Greg Leclair, Clotilde Manthey, John Bai, Jinhe Baldwin, Elisabeth Plotto, Anne TI Poncirus trifoliata confers a unique flavor to citrus hybrids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Deterre, Sophie; McCollum, Greg; Leclair, Clotilde; Manthey, John; Bai, Jinhe; Baldwin, Elisabeth; Plotto, Anne] USDA, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM sophie.deterre@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 144-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400213 ER PT J AU Diaz, JA Wu, XW Martini, A Youngblood, JP Moon, RJ AF Diaz, Jairo A. Wu, Xiawa Martini, Ashlie Youngblood, Jeffrey P. Moon, Robert J. TI Tunable thermal expansion via orientation of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Diaz, Jairo A.; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.; Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wu, Xiawa] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Martini, Ashlie] Univ Calif, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jdiazama@purdue.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 1-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618401316 ER PT J AU Elder, T Labbe, N Kim, P AF Elder, Thomas Labbe, Nicole Kim, Pyoungchung TI Low-field, time-domain NMR of biochar SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Labbe, Nicole; Kim, Pyoungchung] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Knoxville, TN USA. EM telder@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 10-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618401325 ER PT J AU Evans, KO Laszlo, JA Cermak, SC Compton, DL Evangelista, RL Berhow, MA AF Evans, Kervin O. Laszlo, Joseph A. Cermak, Steven C. Compton, David L. Evangelista, Roque L. Berhow, Mark A. TI Transesterified tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol alkylesters from cuphea oil - antioxidant behavior in liposomes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Evans, Kervin O.; Laszlo, Joseph A.; Cermak, Steven C.; Compton, David L.; Evangelista, Roque L.; Berhow, Mark A.] USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Kervin.Evans@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 177-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400245 ER PT J AU Galant, A Widmer, WW Luzio, GA Cameron, RG AF Galant, Ashley Widmer, Wilbur W. Luzio, Gary A. Cameron, Randall G. TI Characterization of macro- and nano-structural changes in pectin during juice cloud destabilization in frozen concentrated orange juice SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Galant, Ashley; Widmer, Wilbur W.; Luzio, Gary A.; Cameron, Randall G.] ARS, Citrus & Other Subtrop Prod Res Unit, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM ashley.galant@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 44-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618401126 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, JM Hass, A Lima, IM Patel, D Boateng, AA AF Gonzalez, Javier M. Hass, Amir Lima, Isabel M. Patel, Dharmesh Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Feedstock and pyrolysis processes affect chemical properties of biochars SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Gonzalez, Javier M.] ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hass, Amir; Patel, Dharmesh] West Virginia State Univ, Agr & Environm Res Stn, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Lima, Isabel M.] ARS, Commod Utilizat Res Grp, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM javier.gonzalez@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 4-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403482 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH AF Grabber, John H. TI Using biomimetic cell wall models to identify new plant lignin bioengineering targets for improving forage and biomass utilization SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Grabber, John H.] USDA ARS, US Dary Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM john.grabber@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 153-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400395 ER PT J AU Gross, AD Kimber, MJ Temeyer, KB Miller, RJ Li, AY de Leon, AAP Coats, JR AF Gross, Aaron D. Kimber, Michael J. Temeyer, Kevin B. Miller, Robert J. Li, Andrew Y. de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez Coats, Joel R. TI Deorphanization and pharmacological profile of a tyramine receptor from the southern cattle tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Gross, Aaron D.; Kimber, Michael J.; Coats, Joel R.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Temeyer, Kevin B.; Miller, Robert J.; Li, Andrew Y.; de Leon, Adalberto A. Perez] USDA ARS, US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM adgross@iastate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 124-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400378 ER PT J AU Hakk, H Casey, FXM AF Hakk, Heldur Casey, Francis X. M. TI Fate of steroid hormones in constructed wetlands SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hakk, Heldur] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Casey, Francis X. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58103 USA. EM heldur.hakk@ars.usda.gov RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 14-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403492 ER PT J AU Hakk, H AF Hakk, Heldur TI Identification of a novel protein in rat bile that associates with POPs SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hakk, Heldur] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM heldur.hakk@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 52-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400285 ER PT J AU Hapeman, CJ McConnell, LL McCarty, GW Rice, CP Hively, WD Lang, MW Whitall, DR Sadeghi, AM Torrents, A Goel, A AF Hapeman, Cathleen J. McConnell, Laura L. McCarty, Gregory W. Rice, Clifford P. Hively, W. Dean Lang, Megan W. Whitall, David R. Sadeghi, Ali M. Torrents, Alba Goel, Anubha TI Determining contaminate sources to the Chesapeake Bay to discern the effectiveness of conservation practices SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hapeman, Cathleen J.; McConnell, Laura L.; McCarty, Gregory W.; Rice, Clifford P.; Sadeghi, Ali M.] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hively, W. Dean] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Res Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Lang, Megan W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Beltsville, MD USA. [Whitall, David R.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Goel, Anubha] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 147-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403616 ER PT J AU Hapeman, CJ McConnell, LL Potter, TL Harman-Fetcho, JA Rice, CP Schaffer, BA Curry, R AF Hapeman, Cathleen J. McConnell, Laura L. Potter, Thomas L. Harman-Fetcho, Jennifer A. Rice, Clifford P. Schaffer, Bruce A. Curry, Richard TI Examining the fate and transport of alpha- and beta-endosulfan in the atmosphere of South Florida SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hapeman, Cathleen J.; McConnell, Laura L.; Harman-Fetcho, Jennifer A.; Rice, Clifford P.] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Potter, Thomas L.] ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Schaffer, Bruce A.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Trop Res & Extens Stn, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Curry, Richard] Natl Pk Serv, Homestead, FL 33033 USA. EM laura.mcconnell@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 334-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400543 ER PT J AU Harnly, J AF Harnly, James TI Spectral fingerprints for chemical differentiation of botanical materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Harnly, James] USDA, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20702 USA. EM james.harnly@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 168-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400236 ER PT J AU Howard, CJ Hu, JL Kleeman, MJ Green, PG McConnell, LL Hapeman, CJ AF Howard, Cody J. Hu, Jianlin Kleeman, Michael J. Green, Peter G. McConnell, Laura L. Hapeman, Cathleen J. TI Agricultural influences on air quality from California's San Joaquin Valley to the Chesapeake Bay area SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Howard, Cody J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hu, Jianlin; Kleeman, Michael J.; Green, Peter G.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McConnell, Laura L.; Hapeman, Cathleen J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM howard.cody@epa.gov RI Hu, Jianlin/C-2023-2014 OI Hu, Jianlin/0000-0001-7709-439X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 301-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400512 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Singh, M Winkler-Moser, JK Liu, SX AF Hwang, Hong-Sik Singh, Mukit Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Liu, Sean X. TI Margarine from organogel of healthy vegetable oils and plant wax SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hwang, Hong-Sik; Singh, Mukit; Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM hongsik.hwang@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 197-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400265 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Doll, KM Moser, JK Vermillion, K Liu, SX AF Hwang, Hong-Sik Doll, Kenneth M. Moser, Jill K. Vermillion, Karl Liu, Sean X. TI Is it true that polymerization of vegetable oil occurs through Diels-Alder reaction? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hwang, Hong-Sik; Doll, Kenneth M.; Moser, Jill K.; Vermillion, Karl; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM hongsik.hwang@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 58-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400137 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Winkler-Moser, JK Bakota, EL Berhow, MA Liu, SX AF Hwang, Hong-Sik Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Bakota, Erica L. Berhow, Mark A. Liu, Sean X. TI Sesamol as a natural antioxidant for frying oil SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hwang, Hong-Sik; Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Bakota, Erica L.; Berhow, Mark A.; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM hongsik.hwang@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 52-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400131 ER PT J AU Jones, NK Conte, ED Loughrin, JH Cook, K AF Jones, Natalie K. Conte, Eric D. Loughrin, John H. Cook, Kimberly TI Antibiotics in swine feed and waste by LC-MS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Jones, Natalie K.; Conte, Eric D.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Loughrin, John H.; Cook, Kimberly] ARS, USDA, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM natalie.jones701@topper.wku.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 117-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400187 ER PT J AU Kenar, JA Eller, FJ Fanta, GF Jackson, MA Felker, FC AF Kenar, James A. Eller, Fred J. Fanta, George F. Jackson, Michael A. Felker, Frederick C. TI Starch-based aerogels: Airy materials from amylose-sodium palmitate inclusion complexes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kenar, James A.; Eller, Fred J.; Fanta, George F.; Jackson, Michael A.; Felker, Frederick C.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jim.kenar@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 17-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618401332 ER PT J AU Knipling, EB Strickman, D AF Knipling, Edward B. Strickman, Daniel TI USDA-Agricultural Research Service: Perspectives on biopesticides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Knipling, Edward B.; Strickman, Daniel] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM edward.knipling@ars.usda.gov; Daniel.Strickman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 58-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400333 ER PT J AU Laszlo, JA Evans, KO Compton, DL AF Laszlo, Joseph A. Evans, Kervin O. Compton, David L. TI Long-term physical and oxidative stability of liposomes containing glycerides of lipoic acid SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Laszlo, Joseph A.; Evans, Kervin O.; Compton, David L.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM joe.laszlo@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 137-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400207 ER PT J AU Lee, J AF Lee, Jungmin TI Untapped capacity of phenolics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Lee, Jungmin] ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, USDA, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM jlee@uidaho.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 30-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400110 ER PT J AU Liu, JC Moon, RJ Youngblood, JP AF Liu, Jen-Chieh Moon, Robert J. Youngblood, Jeffrey P. TI Mechanical performance of multilayer cellulose nanofibrils laminate SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Liu, Jen-Chieh; Moon, Robert J.; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM mjayliu@purdue.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 2-CELL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618401317 ER PT J AU Liu, ZS AF Liu, Zengshe TI Application of hydrated and anhydrous fluroantimonic acids in the polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Liu, Zengshe] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Bio Oils Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kevin.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 162-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400230 ER PT J AU Locke, MA Moore, MT Lizotte, RE AF Locke, Martin A. Moore, Matthew T. Lizotte, Richard E., Jr. TI Management of field edges in the agricultural landscape to mitigate farm chemical impacts SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Locke, Martin A.; Moore, Matthew T.; Lizotte, Richard E., Jr.] ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM martin.locke@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 148-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403617 ER PT J AU Lupton, SJ Shelver, WL Newman, DJ Larsen, S Smith, DJ AF Lupton, Sara J. Shelver, Weilin L. Newman, David J. Larsen, Steven Smith, David J. TI Determination of penicillin-G procaine in kidney, muscle, serum, and urine of heavy sows after intramuscular administration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Lupton, Sara J.; Shelver, Weilin L.; Smith, David J.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Newman, David J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Larsen, Steven] Natl Pork Board, Des Moines, IA USA. EM sara.lupton@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 53-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400286 ER PT J AU Luthria, D AF Luthria, Dave TI Comparison of extraction and hydrolysis techniques and conditions for the assay of free and bound phenolic compounds from foods SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Luthria, Dave] ARS, USDA, FCMDL, BHNRC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dave.luthria@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 43-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400123 ER PT J AU Moser, BR AF Moser, Bryan R. TI Fatty acid composition as an efficient tool for screening alternative feedstocks for production of biodiesel SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Moser, Bryan R.] USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Bryan.Moser@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 331-ENFL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403281 ER PT J AU Murray, RE Bantchev, GB Dunn, RO Ascherl, KL Doll, KM AF Murray, Rex E. Bantchev, Grigor B. Dunn, Robert O. Ascherl, Kim L. Doll, Kenneth M. TI Heavy metal absorbing thioether-functionalized ligands derived from vegetable oils SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Murray, Rex E.; Bantchev, Grigor B.; Dunn, Robert O.; Ascherl, Kim L.; Doll, Kenneth M.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM rex.murray@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 138-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400208 ER PT J AU O'Dell, JL Jakes, J Hunt, C Frihart, CR AF O'Dell, Jane L. Jakes, Joseph Hunt, Christopher Frihart, Charles R. TI Nanoscale interactions of colloidal adhesives with lignocellulosic substrates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [O'Dell, Jane L.; Jakes, Joseph; Hunt, Christopher; Frihart, Charles R.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM janeodell@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 398-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618402415 ER PT J AU O'Dell, JL Frihart, CR AF O'Dell, Jane L. Frihart, Charles R. TI Soy flour colloid adhesives: Data ruin perfectly good theories SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [O'Dell, Jane L.; Frihart, Charles R.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM janeodell@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 352-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618402369 ER PT J AU Papiernik, SK Feyereisen, GW Wente, CD Baker, JM AF Papiernik, Sharon K. Feyereisen, Gary W. Wente, Christopher D. Baker, John M. TI Nutrient export in tile drainage: Comparing manure injection to fertigation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Papiernik, Sharon K.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Feyereisen, Gary W.; Baker, John M.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wente, Christopher D.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM sharon.papiernik@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 74-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400349 ER PT J AU Paul, M Baranzoni, GM Albonetti, S Brewster, JD AF Paul, Moushumi Baranzoni, Gian M. Albonetti, Sabrina Brewster, Jeffrey D. TI Development of a qPCR direct detection method for Listeria monocytogenes in milk SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Paul, Moushumi; Brewster, Jeffrey D.] ARS, USDA, NAA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Baranzoni, Gian M.; Albonetti, Sabrina] Univ Bologna, Dept Vet Med Sci, I-40064 Bologna, BO, Italy. EM moushumi.paul@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 126-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400196 ER PT J AU Potter, TL Bosch, DD Strickland, TC AF Potter, Thomas L. Bosch, David D. Strickland, Timothy C. TI Pesticide runoff risk during peanut production in the southern Atlantic Coastal Plain SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Potter, Thomas L.; Bosch, David D.; Strickland, Timothy C.] USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM tom.potter@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 73-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400348 ER PT J AU Rimando, AM Khan, S Mizuno, CS Guang, R Mathews, S Kim, H Yokoyama, W AF Rimando, Agnes M. Khan, Shabana Mizuno, Cassia S. Guang, Ren Mathews, Suresh Kim, Hyunsook Yokoyama, Wallace TI Further studies demonstrate PPARa activation and gene expression up-regulation by pterostilbene SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rimando, Agnes M.; Mizuno, Cassia S.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Shabana] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Guang, Ren; Mathews, Suresh] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Kim, Hyunsook; Yokoyama, Wallace] ARS, WRRC, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM agnes.rimando@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 101-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400275 ER PT J AU Rimando, AM Al Rahim, M Silistreli, K El-Alfy, AT AF Rimando, Agnes M. Al Rahim, Md. Silistreli, Kalpten El-Alfy, Abir T. TI Pterostilbene demonstrates antianxiety effect in animal model SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rimando, Agnes M.] ARS, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Al Rahim, Md.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Silistreli, Kalpten] Turkey Minist Hlth, Ankara, Turkey. [El-Alfy, Abir T.] Chicago State Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Chicago, IL 60628 USA. EM agnes.rimando@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 73-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400152 ER PT J AU Scheibel, DM Miri, MJ Orts, W AF Scheibel, Dieter M. Miri, Massoud J. Orts, William TI Styrene/eugenol copolymers and polyeugenol obtained by coordination polymerization SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Scheibel, Dieter M.; Miri, Massoud J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Orts, William] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM mjmsch@rit.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 278-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618407041 ER EF