FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Espeland, EK AF Espeland, Erin K. TI Predicting the dynamics of local adaptation in invasive species SO JOURNAL OF ARID LAND LA English DT Article DE canalization; phenotypic plasticity; population expansion; secondary invasion ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; GENETIC-VARIATION; LIFE-HISTORY; CLONAL PLANT; SELECTION; EVOLUTION; HYBRIDIZATION; CONSEQUENCES; COMPETITION AB An invasive plant species may restrict its spread to only one type of habitat, or, after some time, may continue to spread into a different, often stressful, secondary, habitat. The question of whether evolution is required for an invasive species to spread from one habitat to another is currently hotly debated. In order for local adaptation to occur, genetic variation must be present within invasive populations. In this paper, I focus on the effect of habitat on the maintenance of genetic variation during the lag phase, the phase of population stability prior to expansion. Genetic diversity in invasive plant populations accumulates through multiple introductions, gene flow, mutation, and hybridization, but diversity is maintained by population level processes influencing effective population size (N-e). I show that when the plastic response to the environment results in little variation in reproductive output among individuals, N-e is maximized and genetic variation is maintained. Established models of plant competition show that below-ground competition reduces the variation in reproductive output, whereas competition for light increases variation in reproductive output. The same environments that maintain high N-e also reduce the opportunity for selection and minimize the response to selection, and thus the effects of the environment are synchronized to prevent genetic purges. When the primary invasion habitat supports high N-e, conditions are ripe for local adaptation to a secondary habitat, particularly if the secondary habitat has high opportunity for selection. When the primary invasion habitat supports low N-e, genetic diversity is less likely to be sufficient for local adaptation to secondary habitat to occur. C1 USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Espeland, EK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM Erin.Espeland@ars.usda.gov OI Espeland, Erin/0000-0001-8541-3610 NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 86 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1674-6767 J9 J ARID LAND JI J. Arid Land PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 IS 3 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.1007/s40333-013-0163-1 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 179YG UT WOS:000321558300001 ER PT J AU Chang, CL Haas, E Mina, AMM Bustamante, JA Schneider, D Mitchel, E Freilich, M Stanley, D AF Chang, Chiou Ling Haas, Eric Mina, Athena M. M. Bustamante, Josephione A. Schneider, Danielle Mitchel, Emma Freilich, Morgan Stanley, David TI Dietary wheat germ oil and age influences fatty acid compositions in adult oriental fruit flies SO JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oriental fruit fly; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Wheat germ oil; Insect nutrition ID MUSCA-DOMESTICA L; BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; PROSTAGLANDINS; METABOLISM; INSECTS; TEPHRITIDAE; DIPTERA; CRICKET; LIPIDS AB The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a serious pest of fruit crops in Asia, several Pacific Islands and sometimes the western United States, particularly California. Sterile insect technique programs have been developed for management of several tephritid fruit fly pests. These programs are based on continuous production of adult fruit flies. The high expense of mass-rearing oriental fruit flies drives research to improve the cost effectiveness of rearing programs. One recent improvement for mass rearing oriental fruit flies involves adding wheat germ oil (WGO) to the larval culture medium, which improved several parameters of biological performance. The performance enhancing influence of WGO is due to the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), some of which are nutritionally essential for many insect species. We considered the issue of whether WGO supplementation of the larval culture medium influences the fatty acid make up of adult tissues. We report that WGO supplementation led to substantial increases in adult tissue C18 PUFAs. Unlike the outcomes of unrelated nutritional studies on moths, the PUFA components of WGO did not improve adult fruit fly performance. Taken with recent publications reporting that WGO in larval diets influences gene expression, we conclude that dietary WGO improves biological performance of adults through changes in tissue C18 PUFAs and gene expression. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection Society. C1 [Chang, Chiou Ling] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96822 USA. [Haas, Eric; Schneider, Danielle; Mitchel, Emma; Freilich, Morgan] Creighton Univ, Dept Chem, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Mina, Athena M. M.; Bustamante, Josephione A.] Waipahu High Sch, Waipahu, HI 96797 USA. [Stanley, David] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO USA. RP Chang, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM stella.chang@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 29 PU KOREAN SOC APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY PI SUWON PA NATL INST AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, DIVISION ENTOMOLOGY, RDA, 249 SEODUN-DONG, SUWON, 441-707, SOUTH KOREA SN 1226-8615 J9 J ASIA-PAC ENTOMOL JI J. Asia-Pac. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 16 IS 3 BP 285 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.aspen.2013.04.002 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 173IG UT WOS:000321072000014 ER PT J AU Niemira, BA Boyd, G AF Niemira, Brendan A. Boyd, Glenn TI Influence of modified atmosphere and varying time in storage on the irradiation sensitivity of Salmonella on sliced roma tomatoes SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Irradiation; Tomato; Salmonella; Food safety; Non-thermal processing ID 1-PERCENT CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CUT ICEBERG LETTUCE; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; DICED TOMATOES; IONIZING-RADIATION; SENSORY QUALITIES; FRESH PRODUCE; EFFICACY AB Salmonella contamination of tomatoes is a recurrent food safety concern. Irradiation inactivates pathogens on fresh and fresh cut produce. However, the interaction of time in refrigerated storage and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) may influence the response of pathogens to irradiation. Roma tomatoes were sliced and inoculated with a cocktail of outbreak strains of Salmonella. The inoculated tomatoes were packaged under one of four atmospheres; air, 10/90 O-2/N-2, 5/95 O-2/N-2 or 100% N-2. The packages were kept in refrigerated storage (10 degrees C) for various times after inoculation, to simulate the potential time delay between packaging and irradiation treatment. Tomatoes were irradiated immediately (0 h), or after 24 or 48 h in storage. The surviving populations were recovered and enumerated. Irradiation effectively reduced Salmonella at all times. Estimated D-10 value (the dose necessary for 1 log reduction) varied significantly among the combinations of time and MAP, ranging from 0.165-0.335 kGy. Tomatoes packaged in air, irradiated at 0 h, had a D-10 of 0.165 kGy; all other combinations showed significantly higher D-10. Reduced oxygen generally resulted in higher D-10 values, with the highest D-10 of 0.335 kGy obtained for 100% N-2, 0 h. Time in storage pre-irradiation tended to increase D-10 for air and 5/95 O-2/N-2, but not for 10/90 O-2/N-2 or 100% Ny. These results suggest that time required for refrigerated holding of processed Roma tomatoes or shipment to an off-site irradiation service provider may alter the efficacy of irradiation if reduced oxygen MAP is used. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Niemira, Brendan A.; Boyd, Glenn] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Niemira, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Brendan.Niemira@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 90 BP 120 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.04.021 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 174SE UT WOS:000321174900016 ER PT J AU Warziniack, TW Finnoff, D Shogren, JF AF Warziniack, Travis W. Finnoff, David Shogren, Jason F. TI Public economics of hitchhiking species and tourism-based risk to ecosystem services SO RESOURCE AND ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Environmental regulation; Tax interactions; Invasive species; Environment and trade; Zebra mussels ID DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; PRODUCER SERVICES; TAX DISTORTIONS; ZEBRA MUSSELS; UNITED-STATES; PROTECTIONISM; INTRODUCTIONS; INVASION; POLICIES AB This paper is the first to examine the public economics of export-based externalities arising within the provisioning of ecosystem services, with direct application to policies to prevent the spread of hitchhiking invasive species. We find when risk enters through exports, policy makers face a tradeoff between welfare improvements and reducing risk of invasion. Estimates of visitor demand elasticity for ecotourism are low, so price policies are not likely to reduce risk, though they can raise tax revenue. If demand is elastic enough to reduce risk, trade effects can cause loss of income greater than the risk of the invasion. The paper is motivated by the expansion of invasive species' within the United States. We apply our model to the specific example of quagga and zebra mussels invasion into the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Warziniack, Travis W.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Finnoff, David; Shogren, Jason F.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Warziniack, TW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM twwarziniack@fs.fed.us; finnoff@uwyo.edu; jramses@uwyo.edu RI Shogren, Jason/B-9771-2017 OI Shogren, Jason/0000-0003-3757-959X NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-7655 J9 RESOUR ENERGY ECON JI Resour. Energy Econ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 35 IS 3 BP 277 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2013.02.002 PG 18 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 177VE UT WOS:000321402700004 ER PT J AU Malvar, MC Martins, MAS Nunes, JP Robichaud, PR Keizer, JJ AF Malvar, Maruxa C. Martins, Martinho A. S. Nunes, Joao P. Robichaud, Peter R. Keizer, J. Jacob TI Assessing the role of pre-fire ground preparation operations and soil water repellency in post-fire runoff and inter-rill erosion by repeated rainfall simulation experiments in Portuguese eucalypt plantations SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE Wildfire; Eucalypt plantations; Soil water repellency; Field rainfall simulation experiments; Runoff; Inter-rill erosion ID OVERLAND-FLOW GENERATION; NORTH-CENTRAL PORTUGAL; PINE FORESTS; HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; TEMPORAL VARIATION; VARIABLE RAINFALL; VEGETATION COVER; COASTAL PORTUGAL; WILDFIRE AB This study addressed the impacts of contrasting pre-fire ground preparation operations on post-fire runoff and inter-rill erosion in six eucalypt plantations in north-central Portugal, with a special emphasis on the role of soil water repellency in the seasonal patterns of overland flow generation. To this end, a down slope ploughed, a contour ploughed and a terraced site were compared with three unploughed sites. Runoff and erosion data were collected in the field by carrying out rainfall simulation experiments (RSEs) with two intensities (45-50 and 80-85 mm h(-1)) at six occasions during the first one to two years following wildfires in 2005 and 2006. Overall runoff coefficients varied markedly amongst the six study sites and between the two intensities (7 to 55%). While runoff figures were comparable to those of prior RSE studies in recently burnt areas, overall sediment losses were comparatively low (7-155 g m(-2)) but contained a substantial organic matter fraction (29-74%). Apparently, the inter-rill erosion rates were essentially sediment-limited, fitting in with the long history of intensive land use that is typical in the Mediterranean Basin. The hydrological and erosion impacts of the three pre-fire ground preparation operations were minor, probably because these operations took place several years before the latest wildfire. Overall, the two rainfall intensities produced the expected differences but this effect was only statistically significant for simultaneous RSEs. Furthermore, the effect of rainfall intensity varied markedly between the study sites and, occasionally, between the two plot pairs at the same site. This impeded an erosion risk ranking of the six study sites that was consistent for both rainfall intensities. Runoff and erosion rates did not decrease in a simple or pronounced manner with time-since-fire. These temporal patterns could in part be attributed to changes in soil water repellency but other factors were involved as well. Removal of the protective soil cover by litter in particular appeared to play a key role in the increase in sediment losses following logging and wood extraction. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Malvar, Maruxa C.; Martins, Martinho A. S.; Nunes, Joao P.; Keizer, J. Jacob] Univ Aveiro, Dept Ambiente & Ordenamento, Ctr Estudos Ambiente & Mar CESAM, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. [Robichaud, Peter R.] Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Malvar, MC (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, Dept Ambiente & Ordenamento, Ctr Estudos Ambiente & Mar CESAM, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. EM maruxa@ua.pt RI Keizer, Jan Jacob/E-8938-2015; Nunes, Joao Pedro/A-5497-2011; CESAM, UA/M-3762-2015; Malvar, Maruxa/A-8750-2012; OI Keizer, Jan Jacob/0000-0003-4833-0415; Nunes, Joao Pedro/0000-0002-0164-249X; Malvar, Maruxa/0000-0001-8035-1561; Martins, Martinho/0000-0002-7384-9801 FU Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) of Portugal; FEDER through the POCI Programme, in the framework of the EROSFIRE project [POCI/AGR/60354/2004]; MMC [SFRH/BD/41320/2007]; JPCN [SFRH/BPD/39721/2007]; Council of Rectors of the Portuguese Universities; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness FX The present study was funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) of Portugal, with co-funding by FEDER through the POCI2010 Programme, in the framework of the EROSFIRE project (POCI/AGR/60354/2004) and research grants of MMC (SFRH/BD/41320/2007) and JPCN (SFRH/BPD/39721/2007). Also, this manuscript greatly profited from the lengthy discussions with Artemi Cerda on field rainfall simulation experiments and his simulator in particular, which were made possible by the Luso-Spanish Integrated Action E-76/09 funded by the Council of Rectors of the Portuguese Universities and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. We further gratefully acknowledge the help of: Raquel Ferreira, Mart Houmann, Mark Lagewaard, Angela Garcia-Monge, David Herrera, Ana Sofia Santos and Marife Varela with field data collection and/or laboratory analysis of runoff and soil samples; Virginia M.F.G. Pereira for the soil profile descriptions; Jorge Lucena, Carmen Magalhaes, and Joaquim Sande Silva for part of the soil laboratory analyses. We finally wish to thank two anonymous referees for their useful comments and suggestion to improve this manuscript. NR 66 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD SEP PY 2013 VL 108 SI SI BP 69 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2012.11.004 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 164RZ UT WOS:000320428500009 ER PT J AU Moscetti, R Haff, RP Aernouts, B Saeys, W Monarca, D Cecchini, M Massantini, R AF Moscetti, Roberto Haff, Ron P. Aernouts, Ben Saeys, Wouter Monarca, Danilo Cecchini, Massimo Massantini, Riccardo TI Feasibility of Vis/NIR spectroscopy for detection of flaws in hazelnut kernels SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE LDA; Tonda Gentile Romana; Visible-near infrared spectroscopy; Hazelnut; Fungal growth; Insect damage ID CORYLUS-AVELLANA L.; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; FRESH HAZELNUTS; ROC ANALYSIS; STORAGE; HARVEST; FUNGAL; VARIETIES; MOISTURE AB The feasibility of Vis/NIR spectroscopy for detection of flaws in hazelnut kernels (Corylus avellana L. cv. Tonda Gentile Romana) is demonstrated. Feature datasets comprising raw absorbance values, raw absorbance ratios (Abs[lambda(1)]:Abs[lambda(2)]) and differences (Abs[lambda(1)] - Abs[lambda(2)] for all possible pairs of wavelengths from 306.5 nm to 1710.9 nm were extracted from the spectra for use in an iterative LDA routine. For each dataset, several spectral pretreatments were tested. Each group of features selected was subjected to Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROCs) analysis, and evaluation of performance through the Area Under ROC Curve. The best result (5.4% false negative, 5.0% false positive, 5.2% total error) was obtained using a Savitzky-Golay second derivative on the dataset of raw absorbance differences. The optimal features were Abs[564 nm]-Abs[600 nm], Abs[1223 nm] -Abs[1338] and Abs[1283 nm]-Abs[1338 nm]. The results indicate the feasibility of a rapid, online detection system. 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Moscetti, Roberto; Monarca, Danilo; Cecchini, Massimo] Univ Tuscia, Dept Sci & Technol Agr Forest Nat & Energy, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Haff, Ron P.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Aernouts, Ben; Saeys, Wouter] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Biosyst, Div Mechatron Biostat & Sensors, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Massantini, Riccardo] Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agrofood & Forest Syst, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. RP Massantini, R (reprint author), Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agrofood & Forest Syst, Via S Camillo de Lellis Snc, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. EM massanti@unitus.it RI Cecchini, Massimo/F-3411-2012; Monarca, Danilo/B-8010-2016; OI Cecchini, Massimo/0000-0003-1407-8127; Monarca, Danilo/0000-0002-8980-3744; Massantini, Riccardo/0000-0001-6517-3162; Moscetti, Roberto/0000-0002-2034-8536; Saeys, Wouter/0000-0002-5849-4301 FU Mipaaf; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWD) FX The research has been financially supported by Mipaaf through the project. Miglioramento della filiera corilicola laziale - Mi.F.-CO.L.' represented by the 'AOP Nocciola Italia Soc. Cons. s.r.l' and 'CeFAS - Azienda speciale CCIAA Viterbo'. Ben Aernouts and Wouter Saeys are respectively funded as Ph.D. Fellow and Postdoctoral Fellow of the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWD). Thanks to Claudia Beleites (Institute for Photonic Technology - IPHT, Jena, Germany) for her valuable help on chemometrics. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 118 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.03.037 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 160TO UT WOS:000320143600001 ER PT J AU Qin, JW Chao, KL Kim, MS Lu, RF Burks, TF AF Qin, Jianwei Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. Lu, Renfu Burks, Thomas F. TI Hyperspectral and multispectral imaging for evaluating food safety and quality SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE Hyperspectral; Multispectral; Machine vision; Nondestructive sensing; Food safety; Food quality ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE; FECAL CONTAMINATION; FRUIT FIRMNESS; PART I; SYSTEM; FLUORESCENCE; REFLECTANCE; APPLES; INSPECTION; PREDICTION AB Spectral imaging technologies have been developed rapidly during the past decade. This paper presents hyperspectral and multispectral imaging technologies in the area of food safety and quality evaluation, with an introduction, demonstration, and summarization of current spectral imaging techniques available to the food industry for practical commercial use. The main topics include methods for acquiring spectral images, components for building spectral imaging systems, methods for calibrating spectral imaging systems, and techniques for analyzing spectral images. The applications for evaluating food and agricultural products are presented to reflect common practices of the spectral imaging techniques. Future development of hyperspectral and multispectral imaging is also discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Qin, Jianwei; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lu, Renfu] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Burks, Thomas F.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Chao, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EMFSL, BARC East, Bldg 303,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov NR 72 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 89 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 EI 1873-5770 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 118 IS 2 BP 157 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.04.001 PG 15 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 164MR UT WOS:000320414700001 ER PT J AU Cerioni, L Sepulveda, M Rubio-Ames, Z Volentini, SI Rodriguez-Montelongo, L Smilanick, JL Ramallo, J Rapisarda, VA AF Cerioni, L. Sepulveda, M. Rubio-Ames, Z. Volentini, S. I. Rodriguez-Montelongo, L. Smilanick, J. L. Ramallo, J. Rapisarda, V. A. TI Control of lemon postharvest diseases by low-toxicity salts combined with hydrogen peroxide and heat SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lemon postharvest diseases; Hydrogen peroxide; Phosphite salts; Stem-end rot; Green mold ID SEQUENTIAL OXIDATIVE TREATMENT; GREEN MOLD; CITRUS-FRUIT; SODIUM-BICARBONATE; PENICILLIUM-DIGITATUM; FOOD-ADDITIVES; HOT-WATER; PHOSPHITE; CARBONATE; PHYTOPHTHORA AB The effectiveness of potassium sorbate, sodium bicarbonate and potassium phosphite combined with heat and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of CuSO4 to control major lemon postharvest diseases was investigated on artificially infected fruit. Green and blue molds, which both require wounds for infections to occur, were controlled by combination of hydrogen peroxide followed by inorganic salts, even when the temperature solutions were 25 degrees C. Control of sour rot was poor with salt solutions alone but significantly improved in treatments including hydrogen peroxide followed by potassium sorbate or sodium bicarbonate at 50 degrees C. Phomopsis stem-end rot was effectively controlled by potassium sorbate and potassium phosphite at 20 degrees C, and diplodia stem-end rot was partially controlled only by potassium sorbate. Applications of either potassium sorbate or a sequence of hydrogen peroxide followed by potassium phosphite were the most promising treatments, primarily because they controlled most of the diseases without the need to heat the solutions. These treatments controlled postharvest citrus diseases to useful levels and could be suitable alternative to conventional fungicides, or could be applied with them to improve their performance or to manage fungicide resistant isolates. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cerioni, L.; Volentini, S. I.; Rodriguez-Montelongo, L.; Rapisarda, V. A.] Fac Bioquim Quim & Farm UNT, Inst Super Invest Biol CONICET UNT, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Cerioni, L.; Volentini, S. I.; Rodriguez-Montelongo, L.; Rapisarda, V. A.] Fac Bioquim Quim & Farm UNT, Inst Quim Biol, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Sepulveda, M.; Ramallo, J.] SA San Miguel, Lab Desarrollo & Invest, RA-4001 San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Rubio-Ames, Z.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Smilanick, J. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Rapisarda, VA (reprint author), Fac Bioquim Quim & Farm UNT, Inst Super Invest Biol CONICET UNT, Chacabuco 461,T4000ILI, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. EM vrapisarda@fbqf.unt.edu.ar FU SeCyT (Secretaria de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva) [PFIP-ESPRO 016/07]; California Citrus Research Board [5400-106]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) FX We thank PFIP-ESPRO 016/07 from SeCyT (Secretaria de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva) and the California Citrus Research Board (project 5400-106) for financial support. L.C. is a fellow from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). NR 27 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 83 BP 17 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.03.002 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 156AP UT WOS:000319792700003 ER PT J AU Ames, ZR Feliziani, E Smilanick, JL AF Ames, Zilfina Rubio Feliziani, Erica Smilanick, Joseph L. TI Germination of fungal conidia after exposure to low concentration ozone atmospheres SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ozone; Alternaria alternata; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus niger; Penicillium digitatum; Penicillium expansum; Penicillium italicum ID COLD-STORAGE; TABLE GRAPES; SPORULATION; ENRICHMENT; FRUIT; DECAY AB The germinability of conidia of Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium expansum, or Penicillium italicum was determined periodically during exposure for approximately 1,00 d to a humid atmosphere of air alone or with 150 nL/L ozone at 2 degrees C. Conidia were exposed on glass coverslips that were removed from chambers at intervals of one week and the germination of 100 conidia of each species was assessed after incubation for 24 h on potato dextrose agar. The period in d when 50% or 95% (ET50 and ET95, respectively) could not germinate and 95% confidence intervals for these estimates were made using Finney's probit analysis. ET50 and ET95 estimates were approximately one month and two to three months, respectively. Some natural mortality of the conidia occurred during these periods, so the entire decline in germinability was not solely due to ozone. The age of the culture from which conidia were collected influenced their susceptibility to ozone. Conidia were harvested from 7, 14, 21, and 28 d old potato dextrose agar cultures of P. digitatum and exposed to 13,000 nL/L ozone at 2 degrees C. After 48 h of exposure to ozone, none of the conidia from the seven-day old culture germinated, while 30-35% of conidia from 14, 21, or 28 d in age cultures germinated. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ames, Zilfina Rubio] Univ Calif, Kearney Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Feliziani, Erica] Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Environm & Crop Sci, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Smilanick, Joseph L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Smilanick, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Joe.Smilanick@ars.usda.gov FU California Citrus Research Board; California Table Grape Commission FX We thank Kent Fjeld for the design, fabrication, and operation of the high concentration ozone system, Dennis Margosan for help with cultures and germination assays, financial support of California Citrus Research Board and California Table Grape Commission, Ozone International for loan of equipment and its maintenance, Luciana Cerioni for her technical help, and Mary Lu Arpaia for administrative support. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 83 BP 22 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.03.008 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 156AP UT WOS:000319792700004 ER PT J AU Redondo-Solano, M Valenzuela-Martinez, C Cassada, DA Snow, DD Juneja, VK Burson, DE Thippareddi, H AF Redondo-Solano, Mauricio Valenzuela-Martinez, Carol Cassada, David A. Snow, Daniel D. Juneja, Vijay K. Burson, Dennis E. Thippareddi, Harshavardhan TI Effect of meat ingredients (sodium nitrite and erythorbate) and processing (vacuum storage and packaging atmosphere) on germination and outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens spores in ham during abusive cooling SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Clostridium perfringens; Sodium nitrite; Sodium erythorbate; Residual nitrite; Oxygen ID CANNED CURED MEAT; PHOENIX PHENOMENON; COLOR STABILITY; GROWTH; PORK; OXIDATION; BOTULINUM; NITRATE; PRODUCTS; OXYGEN AB The effect of nitrite and erythorbate on Clostridium perfringens spore germination and outgrowth in ham during abusive cooling (15 h) was evaluated. Ham was formulated with ground pork, NaNO2 (0, 50, 100, 150 or 200 ppm) and sodium erythorbate (0 or 547 ppm). Ten grams of meat (stored at 5 degrees C for 3 or 24 h after preparation) were transferred to a vacuum bag and inoculated with a three-strain C perfringens spore cocktail to obtain an inoculum of ca. 2.5 log spores/g. The bags were vacuum-sealed, and the meat was heat treated (75 degrees C, 20 min) and cooled within 15 h from 54.4 to 7.2 degrees C Residual nitrite was determined before and after heat treatment using ion chromatography with calorimetric detection. Cooling of ham (control) stored for 3 and 24 h, resulted in C. perfringens population increases of 1.46 and 4.20 log CFU/g, respectively. For samples that contained low NaNO2 concentrations and were stored for 3 h, C perfringens populations of 5.22 and 2.83 log CFU/g were observed with or without sodium erythorbate, respectively. Residual nitrite was stable (p > 0.05) for both storage times. Meat processing ingredients (sodium nitrite and sodium erythorbate) and their Concentrations, and storage time subsequent to preparation of meat (oxygen content) affect C perfringens spore germination and outgrowth during abusive cooling of ham. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Redondo-Solano, Mauricio; Valenzuela-Martinez, Carol; Thippareddi, Harshavardhan] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Appl Food Safety Lab, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Cassada, David A.; Snow, Daniel D.] Univ Nebraska, Water Sci Lab, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Juneja, Vijay K.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Burson, Dennis E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Thippareddi, H (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Appl Food Safety Lab, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM harsha.thippareddi@unl.edu NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 66 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 35 IS 2 BP 108 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2013.02.008 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 154AN UT WOS:000319644000005 PM 23664261 ER PT J AU Johanningsmeier, SD McFeeters, RF AF Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D. McFeeters, Roger F. TI Metabolism of lactic acid in fermented cucumbers by Lactobacillus buchneri and related species, potential spoilage organisms in reduced salt fermentations SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lactate utilization; Fermented vegetables; Reduced salt; Spoilage; Cucumbers; Lactobacillus buchneri ID SODIUM-CHLORIDE; BACTERIA; PLANTARUM AB Recent evidence suggests that Lactobacillus buchneri may play an important role in spoilage-associated secondary fermentation of cucumbers. lactic acid degradation during fermented cucumber spoilage is influenced by sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration, pH, and presence of oxygen. Objectives were to evaluate these factors on lactic acid utilization by L buchneri, and to compare the biochemical changes to those which occur during fermented cucumber spoilage. Effects of NaCl (0, 2, 4, and 6% w/w),'pH (3.8 vs 5.0), and aerobic environment were investigated using fermented cucumber media (FC) inoculated with spoilage microorganisms. At pH 3.8, L buchneri degraded lactic acid in all NaCl concentrations. The highest rate of lactic acid utilization occurred in FC with 2% NaCl (P < 0.05). Lactic acid utilization was nearly identical under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, indicating that oxygen does not influence lactate metabolism by L buchneri. Lactic acid utilization was accompanied by increases in acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol, and Lactobacillus rapi was able to convert 1,2-propanediol to propionic acid and propanol. L buchneri initiated spoilage in a wide range of environmental conditions that may be present in commercial cucumber fermentations, and L rapi may act syntrophically with L buchneri to produce the commonly observed spoilage metabolites. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Johanningsmeier, Suzanne D.; McFeeters, Roger F.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Johanningsmeier, SD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, 322 Schaub Hall,Box 7624, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM suzanne.johanningsmeier@ars.usda.gov FU Pickle Packers International Inc., Washington, DC, USA FX The authors wish to express gratitude to Dr. Wendy Franco and Dr. Fred Breidt, Jr. for careful review of this manuscript. We also gratefully acknowledge that this investigation was partially supported by Pickle Packers International Inc., Washington, DC, USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 63 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 35 IS 2 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2013.03.004 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 154AN UT WOS:000319644000008 PM 23664264 ER PT J AU Brown, VR Ebel, ED Williams, MS AF Brown, Vienna R. Ebel, Eric D. Williams, Michael S. TI Risk assessment of intervention strategies for fallen carcasses in beef slaughter establishments SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli O157:H7; Risk Assessment; HACCP ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; IN-GROUND BEEF; ILLNESS; CATTLE AB In the slaughter establishment, cattle carcasses move along the line attached to a slaughter chain. Cattle carcasses fall off the slaughter chain infrequently, but such an event results in carcasses potentially contaminated with bacteria that exist on floors and equipment. Microbes in the feces and ingesta of slaughtered livestock as well as microbes on the hide surfaces of those livestock contaminate the slaughter environment. This environment often will include important foodborne pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7. This analysis uses a risk assessment modeling approach to assess the potential public health effects of standardizing treatments for carcasses that fall off the slaughter chain at dehiding. This assessment examines combinations of six intervention options: 1) water rinse, 2) organic acid rinse, 3) trim, 4) organic acid rinse and trim, 5) carcass trimming and cook, 6) condemn the carcass. Potential improvement in public health results from progressive removal of the least effective of these intervention options. The results of this analysis indicate that the number of annual human E. coli 0157:H7 illnesses avoided varies based on intervention type-organic acid rinsing (281), carcass trimming (787), organic acid rinsing plus trimming (1533), trimming plus cooking (1539), and carcass condemnation (1520). The model suggests that the numbers of illnesses prevented are largest and similar when either the organic acid plus trim, trim plus cook, or condemn interventions are set as the minimum. This conclusion was robust to sensitivity analysis of various uncertainties in the model. Interestingly, it was found that a universal condemnation of fallen cattle was not a necessary intervention. Although it was assumed that most large slaughter establishments currently implement a trimming plus cooking intervention for all fallen carcasses, the model suggests there is little difference among the three best interventions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, Vienna R.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ebel, Eric D.; Williams, Michael S.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Risk Assessment Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Brown, VR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM vrbrown@rams.colostate.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 1 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.02.037 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 145QQ UT WOS:000319032300038 ER PT J AU Bai, JH Manthey, JA Ford, BL Luzio, G Cameron, RG Narciso, J Baldwin, EA AF Bai, Jinhe Manthey, John A. Ford, Bryan L. Luzio, Gary Cameron, Randall G. Narciso, Jan Baldwin, Elizabeth A. TI Effect of extraction, pasteurization and cold storage on flavonoids and other secondary metabolites in fresh orange juice SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE orange juice; nutrients; phytonutrients; flavonoids; limonoids; peel oil ID CITRUS JUICE; FRUIT; CAROTENOIDS; EXPRESSION; PRODUCTS; PHENOLS; TISSUES AB BackgroundFresh orange juice is perceived to be more wholesome than processed juice. Fresh juice may have nutrients and phytonutrients that differ from pasteurized or processed juice. ResultsHamlin' and Valencia' oranges were extracted using a commercial food service juicer, pasteurized or not, resulting in fresh-commercial juice (FCJ) or pasteurized FCJ (FCPJ) for comparison with pasteurized processed juice (PPJ) in 2009, and gently hand-squeezed Valencia' juice (HSJ) in 2010 for nutrient and phytonutrient content. Regardless of pasteurization, FCJ/FCPJ contained 25-49% lower insoluble solids than the PPJ, while in HSJ the insoluble solids content was between that of FCJ and PPJ. The major orange juice flavonoid glycosides were twofold higher in PPJ than in FCJ/FCPJ and HSJ, indicating that the extraction and finishing process led to more peel tissue in the juice than fresh juice extraction methods. The total phenolic content (TPC) in the juices followed a similar pattern to the flavonoid glycoside content. The polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs), associated with peel oil, occurred at the highest levels in the FCJ/FCPJ and lowest in HSJ. Limonoids and alkaloids occurred at higher levels in PPJ and HSJ than in FCJ/FCPJ. ConclusionThe high peel oil content of FCJ/FCPJ resulted in higher PMF levels compared to PPJ and HSJ, while flavonoid glycosides, limonoids and alkaloids, which occur at high concentrations in the inner peel albedo, occurred at higher concentrations in PPJ. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Bai, Jinhe; Manthey, John A.; Ford, Bryan L.; Luzio, Gary; Cameron, Randall G.; Narciso, Jan; Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] ARS, USDA, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Baldwin, EA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM Liz.Baldwin@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 11 BP 2771 EP 2781 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6097 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 275OP UT WOS:000328687000021 PM 23408388 ER PT J AU Gronwald, JW Bucciarelli, B AF Gronwald, John W. Bucciarelli, Bruna TI Comparison of stem morphology and anatomy of two alfalfa clonal lines exhibiting divergent cell wall composition SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa; cell wall; Medicago sativa; pith; secondary xylem ID MEDICAGO-SATIVA L.; MONOLIGNOL BIOSYNTHESIS; LIGNIN COMPOSITION; DOWN-REGULATION; DIGESTIBILITY; RUMEN; DEGRADABILITY; LIGNIFICATION; DEGRADATION; TISSUES AB BACKGROUNDIn previous research, two alfalfa clonal lines (252 and 1283) were identified that exhibited environmentally stable differences in stem cell walls. Compared with stems of 1283, stems of 252 have a higher cell wall concentration and greater amounts of lignin and cellulose but reduced levels of pectic sugar residues. These results suggest greater deposition of secondary xylem and a reduction in pith in stems of 252 compared with 1283. RESULTSThe stem morphology and anatomy of first-cut and second-cut harvests of field-grown 1283 and 252 were examined. For both harvests, stems of 1283 were thicker and had a higher leaf/stem ratio compared with stems of 252. Stem cross-sections of both genotypes were stained for lignin, and the proportions of stem area that were pith and secondary xylem were measured using ImageJ. Stems of 252 exhibited greater deposition of secondary xylem and a reduction in pith proportion compared with stems of 1283 for the first-cut harvest, but this difference was not statistically significant for the second-cut harvest. CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that the proportions of secondary xylem and pith are not environmentally stable in these two genotypes and hence cannot be the sole basis for the differences in cell wall concentration/composition. (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 [Gronwald, John W.; Bucciarelli, Bruna] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Gronwald, John W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Gronwald, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM John.Gronwald@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 11 BP 2858 EP 2863 DI 10.1002/jsfa.5933 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 275OP UT WOS:000328687000032 PM 23117984 ER PT J AU Shin, SS Park, SD Lee, KS AF Shin, Seung Sook Park, Sang Deog Lee, Kyu Song TI Sediment and hydrological response to vegetation recovery following wildfire on hillslopes and the hollow of a small watershed SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sediment; Runoff; Vegetation recovery; Hollow; Wildfire ID SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; WET EUCALYPTUS FOREST; KINETIC-ENERGY; MOUNTAIN-CATCHMENTS; SOIL-EROSION; POSTFIRE RUNOFF; FIRE; RAINFALL; RANGELAND; INTENSITY AB Wildfire can cause dynamically spatial and temporal variations of hydrology and sedimentation from forested environments. The largest wildfire historically recorded in South Korea burned 23,484 ha of forest land in April 2000. In 2001, systems to monitor post-fire runoff and sediment were installed at the outlet of a small watershed and at seven plots on hillslopes of different vegetation condition. The hillslope and catchment responses were monitored for five years post-fire. The watershed was divided into four sites including terrace-sodding (TS), pine-planting and fast recovery (PF), pine-planting and slow recovery (PS), and hollow (H) according to treatment methods and topographical characteristic. The TS site showed the fastest vegetation recovery among the sites and the greatest reduction of soil erosion with time elapsed after wildfire. Sediment yield from the watershed as well as from plots depended strongly on rainfall erosivity index. While the runoff coefficient showed the highest correlation with rainfall amount, the sediment response rate had the strongest correlation with a vegetation index characterizing vegetation structure, litter, and root. The hollow mostly acted as a depositional zone but only contributed to erosion when it was disturbed by the treatment applications following the fire or during heavy rain following landslide activity in the catchment. These results indicate that gently-sloping hollow areas with rapidly recovering vegetation have the potential to reduce the flood and sediment risk. However heavy and extreme rainfall events during the study produced excessive sediment by catastrophic debris flow and landslide processes even on vegetated hillslopes. The study suggests that the boundary condition for whether (i) rain is heavy or extreme, (ii) surface condition is bare, and (iii) terrain has a deposition zone should be considered in order to evaluate sediment yields from burnt catchments. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shin, Seung Sook] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Shin, Seung Sook; Park, Sang Deog] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Kangnung 210702, Gangwon, South Korea. [Lee, Kyu Song] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Biol, Kangnung 210702, Gangwon, South Korea. RP Shin, SS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, 800 E Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM cewsook@hanmail.net FU Regional Technology Innovation Program [08 RTIP B-01]; Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs of Korean government FX This work was supported by a Grant (Code#'08 RTIP B-01) from Regional Technology Innovation Program funded by Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs of Korean government. The authors wish to thank the National Institute for Disaster Prevention in Korea for financial assistance with data collection. The authors are grateful for assistance by students in the hydro-engineering and ecological laboratory of Gangneung-Wonju National University, South Korea, and five anonymous reviewers and two colleagues in NWRC of USDA-ARS, USA, that improved the construction and content of the paper. NR 92 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 499 BP 154 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.048 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 220RY UT WOS:000324605800016 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, MV Mousel, MR Herndon, DR Jiang, Y Dalrymple, BP Reynolds, JO Johnson, WC Herrmann-Hoesing, LM White, SN AF Gonzalez, Michael V. Mousel, Michelle R. Herndon, David R. Jiang, Yu Dalrymple, Brian P. Reynolds, James O. Johnson, Wendell C. Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M. White, Stephen N. TI A Divergent Artiodactyl MYADM-like Repeat Is Associated with Erythrocyte Traits and Weight of Lamb Weaned in Domestic Sheep SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HEMATOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MUTATIONS; SICKLE-CELL-DISEASE; HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS; READ ALIGNMENT; HIGH-ALTITUDE; LOCI; DIFFERENTIATION; BLOOD; GENE AB A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to investigate seven red blood cell (RBC) phenotypes in over 500 domestic sheep (Ovis aries) from three breeds (Columbia, Polypay, and Rambouillet). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) showed genome-wide significant association with increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC, P = 6.2x10(-14)) and genome-wide suggestive association with decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV, P = 2.5x10(-6)). The ovine HapMap project found the same genomic region and the same peak SNP has been under extreme historical selective pressure, demonstrating the importance of this region for survival, reproduction, and/or artificially selected traits. We observed a large (>50 kb) variant haplotype sequence containing a full-length divergent artiodactyl MYADM-like repeat in strong linkage disequilibrium with the associated SNP. MYADM gene family members play roles in membrane organization and formation in myeloid cells. However, to our knowledge, no member of the MYADM gene family has been identified in development of morphologically variant RBCs. The specific RBC differences may be indicative of alterations in morphology. Additionally, erythrocytes with altered morphological structure often exhibit increased structural fragility, leading to increased RBC turnover and energy expenditure. The divergent artiodactyl MYADM-like repeat was also associated with increased ewe lifetime kilograms of lamb weaned (P = 2x10(-4)). This suggests selection for normal RBCs might increase lamb weights, although further validation is required before implementation in marker-assisted selection. These results provide clues to explain the strong selection on the artiodactyl MYADM-like repeat locus in sheep, and suggest MYADM family members may be important for RBC morphology in other mammals. C1 [Gonzalez, Michael V.; Herndon, David R.; Reynolds, James O.; Johnson, Wendell C.; White, Stephen N.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Gonzalez, Michael V.; Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn M.; White, Stephen N.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mousel, Michelle R.] ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, USDA, Dubois, ID USA. [Jiang, Yu; Dalrymple, Brian P.] CSIRO Anim Food & Hlth Sci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. RP White, SN (reprint author), ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. EM Stephen.White@ars.usda.gov RI Dalrymple, Brian/F-8721-2010; Gonzalez, Michael/A-8146-2015; Jiang, Yu/O-5114-2015; OI Dalrymple, Brian/0000-0003-3891-5233; Gonzalez, Michael/0000-0001-9741-475X; Jiang, Yu/0000-0003-4821-3585; White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054; Mousel, Michelle/0000-0003-1367-7005 FU USDA-ARS [5348-32000-031-00D]; Washington State University Graduate School; ARCS Foundation; American Sheep Industry FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS grant 5348-32000-031-00D. MVG was supported by a Distinguished Research Assistantship for Diverse Scholars from the Washington State University Graduate School, an Achievement Rewards for College Scientists fellowship from the ARCS Foundation, and a Sheep Heritage Memorial Scholarship from the American Sheep Industry. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e74700 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074700 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 211BX UT WOS:000323880200100 PM 24023702 ER PT J AU Bannantine, JP Olsen, SC Kehrli, ME Stanton, TB Casas, E Whipple, DL Zuelke, KA AF Bannantine, John P. Olsen, Steven C. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. Stanton, Thad B. Casas, Eduardo Whipple, Diana L. Zuelke, Kurt A. TI High-impact animal health research conducted at the USDA's National Animal Disease Center SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Animal health; Zoonosis; Research facility ID LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY; ULTRAHIGH-EFFICIENCY FILTER; PORCINE PARVOVIRUS VACCINE; RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS; MULTOCIDA GENE-EXPRESSION; RESISTANT CHLAMYDIA-SUIS; GENOMIC-SCALE ANALYSIS; PASTEURELLA-MULTOCIDA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HOLSTEIN CATTLE AB Commissioned by President Dwight Eisenhower in 1958 and opened with a dedication ceremony in December 1961, the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Animal Disease Center (NADC) celebrated its 50-year anniversary in November 2011. Over these 50 years, the NADC established itself among the world's premier animal health research centers. Its historic mission has been to conduct basic and applied research on selected endemic diseases of economic importance to the U.S. livestock and poultry industries. Research from NADC has impacted control or management efforts on nearly every major animal disease in the United States since 1961. For example, diagnostic tests and vaccines developed by NADC scientists to detect and prevent hog cholera were integral in the ultimate eradication of this costly swine disease from the U.S. Most major veterinary vaccines for critical diseases such as brucellosis and leptospirosis in cattle, porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (PRRS), porcine parvovirus and influenza in swine had their research origins or were developed and tested at the NADC. Additional discoveries made by NADC scientists have also resulted in the development of a nutritional approach and feed additives to prevent milk fever in transition dairy cattle. More recently, NADC's archive of historic swine influenza viruses combined with an established critical mass of influenza research expertise enabled NADC researchers to lead an effective national research response to the pandemic associated with the novel 2009 H1N1 influenza virus. This review commemorates some of the key animal health contributions in NADC's first 50 years, recaps the newly completed modernization of the center into new facilities, and offers highlights of the ongoing research that will define NADC's mission going forward. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bannantine, John P.; Olsen, Steven C.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.; Stanton, Thad B.; Casas, Eduardo; Whipple, Diana L.; Zuelke, Kurt A.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Bannantine, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 North Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM john.bannantine@ars.usda.gov OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 165 IS 3-4 BP 224 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.04.010 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 178WV UT WOS:000321479000005 PM 23642415 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Mu, XJ Klesius, PH AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Mu, Xingjiang Klesius, Phillip H. TI Biochemical and molecular characterization of the novobiocin and rifampicin resistant Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine strain AL09-71N+R compared to its virulent parent strain AL09-71 SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas hydrophila; Novobiocin; Rifampicin; Mutation; DNA gyrase; RNA polymerase ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; FITNESS COST; DNA GYRASE; MUTATIONS; INFECTION; CHINA; GENE AB To understand the fitness cost of novobiocin- and rifampicin-resistance in an attenuated Aeromonas hydrophiila vaccine strain AL09-71 N+R compared to its virulent parent strain AL09-71, colony size, cell size, cell proliferation rate, chemotactic response, and the ability to invade catfish gill cells of the two strains were compared. Our results revealed that: (1) the cell size and the colony size of AL09-71 N+R was significantly (P < 0.05) smaller than that of AL09-71; (2) the proliferation rate of AL09-71 N+R was significantly (P < 0.05) slower than that of AL09-71; (3) AL09-71 N+R had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower chemotactic response to catfish mucus than that of AL09-71; 4) the ability of AL09-71 N+R to invade catfish gill cells was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of AL09-71. To understand whether target site mutation might play a role in antibiotic resistance, novobiocin's target site DNA gyrase subunit B gyrB and rifampicin's target site RNA polymerase subunit B rpoB were sequenced from the two strains. Our results revealed the following five mutations: (1) two missense mutations (CGC to ATC resulting in arginine/R to serine/S; TAC to TGC resulting in tyrosine/Y to cysteine/C) between AL09-71 gyrB and AL09-71 N+R gyrB; (2) three missense mutations (GAC to AAC resulting in aspartic acid/D to asparagine/N; CTG to CCG resulting in leucine/L to proline/P., CTG to CCG resulting in leucine/L to proline/P) between AL09-71 rpoB and AL09-71 N+R rpoB. To determine whether any unique DNA sequences were present in AL09-71 but absent in AL09-71 N+R, PCR-select bacterial genome subtractive hybridization was performed. Of 96 clones selected from the subtractive genomic DNA library, 32 sequences were found. None of the 32 sequences was confirmed to be present in AL09-71 but absent in AL09-71 N+R. At the transcription level, 29 of the 32 genes were found to be expressed greater than 10-fold in AL09-71 N+R compared to that in AL09-71. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Mu, Xingjiang; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D]; USDA NIFA project [ALV-2010-02459]; China Scholarship Council FX We thank Drs. Dunhua Zhang (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D and USDA NIFA project # ALV-2010-02459. Xingjiang Mu was supported by China Scholarship Council. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 165 IS 3-4 BP 349 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.03.018 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 178WV UT WOS:000321479000021 PM 23608477 ER PT J AU Griffin, MJ Quiniou, SM Cody, T Tabuchi, M Ware, C Cipriano, RC Mauel, MJ Soto, E AF Griffin, Matt J. Quiniou, Sylvie M. Cody, Theresa Tabuchi, Maki Ware, Cynthia Cipriano, Rocco C. Mauel, Michael J. Soto, Esteban TI Comparative analysis of Edwardsiella isolates from fish in the eastern United States identifies two distinct genetic taxa amongst organisms phenotypically classified as E. tarda SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Blue catfish; Channel catfish; Edwardsiella tarda; Hybrid striped bass; Multilocus sequencing; Tilapia; PCR; rep-PCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CHANNEL CATFISH; GENOME SEQUENCE; PCR; ICTALURI; STRAINS; TURBOT; WATER; PATHOGEN AB Edwardsiella tarda, a Gram-negative member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, has been implicated in significant losses in aquaculture facilities worldwide. Here, we assessed the intra-specific variability of E. tarda isolates from 4 different fish species in the eastern United States. Repetitive sequence mediated PCR (rep-PCR) using 4 different primer sets (ERIC I & II, ERIC II, BOX, and GTG(5)) and multi-locus sequence analysis of 165 SSU rDNA, groEl, gyrA, gyrB, pho, pgi, pgm, and rpoA gene fragments identified two distinct genotypes of E. tarda (DNA group I; DNA group II). Isolates that fell into DNA group II demonstrated more similarity to E. ictaluri than DNA group I, which contained the reference E. tarda strain (ATCC #15947). Conventional PCR analysis using published E. tarda-specific primer sets yielded variable results, with several primer sets producing no observable amplification of target DNA from some isolates. Fluorometric determination of G + C content demonstrated 56.4% G + C content for DNA group I, 60.2% for DNA group II, and 58.4% for E. ictaluri. Surprisingly, these isolates were indistinguishable using conventional biochemical techniques, with all isolates demonstrating phenotypic characteristics consistent with E. tarda. Analysis using two commercial test kits identified multiple phenotypes, although no single metabolic characteristic could reliably discriminate between genetic groups. Additionally, anti-microbial susceptibility and fatty acid profiles did not demonstrate remarkable differences between groups. The significant genetic variation (<90% similarity at gyrA, gyrB, pho, phi and pgm; <40% similarity by rep-PCR) between these groups suggests organisms from DNA group II may represent an unrecognized, genetically distinct taxa of Edwardsiella that is phenotypically indistinguishable from E. tarda. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Griffin, Matt J.; Ware, Cynthia] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Coll Vet Med, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Quiniou, Sylvie M.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Cody, Theresa; Tabuchi, Maki] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Cipriano, Rocco C.] US Geol Survey, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Mauel, Michael J.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi Vet Res & Diagnost Lab, Pearl, MS USA. [Soto, Esteban] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Basseterre, St Kitts, W Ind Assoc St. RP Griffin, MJ (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 197,127 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM griffin@cvm.msstate.edu FU USDA Catfish Health Research Initiative [CRIS 6402-31320-002-02]; Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES) FX The authors would like to thank Stephen Reichley and Drew Leach for their technical contributions to this manuscript. In addition, the authors would like to thank Andrew Goodwin of the University of Arkansas-Pine Bluff, Cova Arias, Mark Liles, and Jeff Terhune of Auburn University and John Hawke of Louisiana State University for their willingness to share bacterial isolates. This research was funded through the USDA Catfish Health Research Initiative (CRIS 6402-31320-002-02) and is supported by the Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES). This is MAFES publication number J-12272. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 165 IS 3-4 BP 358 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.03.027 PG 15 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 178WV UT WOS:000321479000022 PM 23623688 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Li, YH Yildirim-Aksoy, M Song, L Klesius, PH Srivastava, KK Reddy, PG AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Li, Yuehong Yildirim-Aksoy, M. Song, Lin Klesius, Phillip H. Srivastava, Kunwar K. Reddy, P. Gopal TI Fitness cost, gyrB mutation, and absence of phosphotransferase system fructose specific IIABC component in novobiocin-resistant Streptococcus iniae vaccine strain ISNO SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus iniae; Novobiocin resistance; DNA gyrase subunit B; Mutation; Virulence; Phosphotransferase system ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; NILE TILAPIA; DNA GYRASE; COUMERMYCIN; PATHOGEN AB To understand the fitness cost of novobiocin-resistance in an attenuated Streptococcus iniae vaccine strain ISNO compared to its virulent parent strain ISET0901, cell proliferation rate of the two strains were compared to each other. Our results revealed that the cell proliferation rates of ISNO were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller than that of ISET0901. To understand whether there was any mutation at the target site of novobiocin, DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB) was sequenced from both strains. Sequencing results revealed a point mutation of AGA to AGC, resulting in a deduced amino acid substitution of R635S. To determine whether any unique DNA sequence was present in ISET0901 but absent in ISNO, PCR-select bacterial genome subtractive hybridization was performed. A phosphotransferase system fructose specific IIABC component sequence was confirmed to be present in ISET0901 but absent in ISNO. Using genomic DNAs from ten field-strains of S. iniae as templates, the phosphotransferase system fructose specific IIABC component sequence was found to be present in five highly virulent strains, but absent in five avirulent strains. Taken together, our results suggest that: (1) As fitness cost of novobicin resistance, ISNO had significantly smaller cell proliferation rate; (2) point mutation at target site gyrB resulting in R635S substitution was associated with novobiocin resistance in ISNO; and (3) phosphotransferase system fructose specific IIABC component was associated with virulence of S. iniae. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Li, Yuehong; Yildirim-Aksoy, M.; Song, Lin; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. [Yildirim-Aksoy, M.; Srivastava, Kunwar K.; Reddy, P. Gopal] Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med Nursing & Allied Hlth, Dept Pathol, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D]; China Scholarship Council; USDA-NIFA project [ALV-2010-02459] FX We thank Drs. Dunhua Zhang (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Brian Scheffler and Fanny Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for their excellent sequencing work. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. This study was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. Yuehong Li and Lin Song were supported by China Scholarship Council. Mediha Yildirim-Aksoy was supported by USDA-NIFA project ALV-2010-02459. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 165 IS 3-4 BP 384 EP 391 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.04.001 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 178WV UT WOS:000321479000025 PM 23623616 ER PT J AU Zhang, DH Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH AF Zhang, Dunhua Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Philip H. TI Expression and activity of recombinant proaerolysin derived from Aeromonas hydrophila cultured from diseased channel catfish SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas hydrophila; Channel catfish; Recombinant proaerolysin; Virulence; Toxicity ID FORMING TOXIN AEROLYSIN; VERONII BIOVAR SOBRIA; PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVATION; VIRULENCE; FISH; WATER AB Aerolysin is one of the putative toxins in extracellular products (ECP) produced by Aeromonas hydrophila, an important pathogen of catfish. To better understand the molecular mechanism and mode of action of this toxin, proaerolysin-coding gene was cloned from the genomic DNA of an A. hydrophila strain, cultured from diseased channel catfish, and heterologously expressed in E. coli. Functional recombinant proaerolysin was obtained, revealing some unique properties. The purified recombinant proaerolysin was inactive but could be activated by treatment with furin, trypsin, and ECP although different treatments produced different cleavage profiles and resulted in differential hemolytic and cytotoxic activities. The highest activity was observed from aerolysin processed by furin while treatment of proaerolysin with trypsin and ECP resulted in reduced activities. The unprocessed proaerolysin, though not hemolytic in vitro, had the same cytopathic effect on cultured walking catfish gill cells as the furin-processed had. In in vivo assay, the recombinant proaerolysin was found to be lethal to catfish when injected via intraperitoneal (IF) route. The lethal toxicity was acute and dose-dependent, as observed in IP injection of live A. hydrophila. This, is the first recombinant proaerolysin confirmed to be a virulence factor; the recombinant protein could be used to further evaluate virulence, pathogenicity and antigenicity associated with A. hydrophila infection. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zhang, Dunhua; Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Philip H.] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Zhang, DH (reprint author), ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM dunhua.zhang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs John Liu and Perng-Kuang Chang for critical reviews of the manuscript. The study was funded by USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 165 IS 3-4 BP 478 EP 482 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.04.023 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 178WV UT WOS:000321479000039 PM 23680108 ER PT J AU Epstein, ME Weller, SJ Moon, RD Hutchison, WD Mattson, WJ MacRae, IV Gilligan, TM AF Epstein, Marc E. Weller, Susan J. Moon, Roger D. Hutchison, William D. Mattson, William J. MacRae, Ian V. Gilligan, Todd M. TI WILLIAM E. MILLER (1930-2013) SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Epstein, Marc E.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Weller, Susan J.; Moon, Roger D.; Hutchison, William D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Weller, Susan J.] Bell Museum Nat Hist, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Mattson, William J.] US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, USDA, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [MacRae, Ian V.] Univ Minnesota, Northwest Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN USA. [Gilligan, Todd M.] Colorado State Univ, BSPM, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Epstein, ME (reprint author), Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, 3294 Meadowview Rd, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. EM marc.epstein@cdfa.ca.gov; welle008@umn.edu; rdmoon@umn.edu; hutch002@umn.edu; wjmattson@gmail.com; imacrae@umn.edu; tgilliga@gmail.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD AUG 29 PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 234 EP 239 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 302KG UT WOS:000330602800011 ER PT J AU Bahls, L Pierce, J Apfelbeck, R Olsen, L AF Bahls, Loren Pierce, John Apfelbeck, Randy Olsen, Lois TI Encyonema droseraphilum sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) and other rare diatoms from undisturbed floating-mat fens in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; BIOGEOGRAPHY; CHECKLIST AB Relict assemblages of arctic, sub-arctic, and boreal diatoms were found intact in two undisturbed floating-mat fens at 47 degrees north latitude and 1,830 m elevation in the Rocky Mountains of western Montana, USA. The fens support Encyonema droseraphilum sp. nov. and several rare northern/alpine diatom species-including eleven apparent first records for the contiguous United States-and three species of vascular plants that are imperiled in Montana. For many of the diatoms and one of the vascular plants, the fens are at the southern limit of their known distributions in North America. Twenty-seven of the 49 diatom taxa in the fens are considered at risk or declining in Germany, and similar ratings appear to be appropriate for these taxa in Montana, especially in light of global warming and human destruction of wetlands. A nearby wetland that has been disturbed by dam-building activities of beaver (Castor canadensis), but not by human landscape alterations, produced a diatom assemblage that contained three times more taxa than the fens but was dominated by common species, primarily Staurosirella pinnata. Our findings illustrate the effects of natural, intermediate disturbance on diatom species composition and underscore the importance of protecting undisturbed aquatic systems for the purpose of conserving rare species and for monitoring environmental change. C1 [Bahls, Loren] Montana Diatom Collect, Helena, MT 59601 USA. [Apfelbeck, Randy] Montana Dept Environm Qual, Helena, MT 59620 USA. [Olsen, Lois] US Forest Serv, Helena Natl Forest, USDA, Helena, MT 59601 USA. RP Bahls, L (reprint author), Montana Diatom Collect, 1032 12th Ave, Helena, MT 59601 USA. EM eemahtuskie@gmail.com NR 89 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD AUG 29 PY 2013 VL 127 IS 1 BP 32 EP 48 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AU8IJ UT WOS:000345839500005 ER PT J AU Willett, CD Lerch, RN Lin, CH Goyne, KW Leigh, ND Roberts, CA AF Willett, Cammy D. Lerch, Robert N. Lin, Chung-Ho Goyne, Keith W. Leigh, Nathan D. Roberts, Craig A. TI Identification of an Atrazine-Degrading Benzoxazinoid in Eastern Gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE DIBOA-Glc; HBOA-Glc; atrazine degradation; benz,oxazinone; Eastern gamagrass; Tripsacum dactyloides ID MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; CYCLIC HYDROXAMIC ACIDS; HERBICIDE TRANSPORT; TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS; DEFENSE CHEMICALS; SURFACE; CHROMATOGRAPHY; SOIL; METABOLITES; GLUCOSIDES AB This study was part of a broader effort to identify and characterize promising atrazine-degrading phytochemicals in Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides; EG) roots for the purpose of mitigating atrazine transport from agroecosystems. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify atrazine-degrading compounds in EG root extracts. Eastern gamagrass roots were extracted with methanol, and extracts were subjected to a variety of separation techniques. Fractions from each level of separation were tested for atrazine-degrading activity by a simple assay. Compounds were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results from the experiments identified 2-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxyl,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-Glc) as the compound responsible for atrazine degradation in the root extract fractions collected. 2-beta-D-Glucopyranosyloxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (HBOA-Glc) was also identified in the root extract fractions, but it did not demonstrate activity against atrazine. Estimated root tissue concentrations were 210 mg kg(-1) (wet wt basis) for DIBOA-Glc and 71 mg kg(-1) for HBOA-Glc (dry wt basis, 710 +/- 96 and 240 +/- 74 mg kg(-1), respectively). This research was the first to describe the occurrence and concentrations of an atrazine-degrading benzoxazinone compound isolated from EG tissue. C1 [Willett, Cammy D.; Goyne, Keith W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lerch, Robert N.] ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lin, Chung-Ho] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Leigh, Nathan D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Roberts, Craig A.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Willett, CD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM cdw535@mail.missouri.edu OI Leigh, Nathan/0000-0003-0260-1224 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 28 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 34 BP 8026 EP 8033 DI 10.1021/jf402271h PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 211AI UT WOS:000323876100002 PM 23885866 ER PT J AU DellaValle, DM Vandenberg, A Glahn, RP AF DellaValle, Diane M. Vandenberg, Albert Glahn, Raymond P. TI Seed Coat Removal Improves Iron Bioavailability in Cooked Lentils: Studies Using an in Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Cell Culture Model SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lentil; dehulling; iron; bioavailability; Caco-2 cell culture; polyphenols; phytic acid ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; LENS-CULINARIS L.; POULTRY GALLUS-GALLUS; PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY; BEANS; AVAILABILITY; FERMENTATION; COOKING; PROVIDE; IMPACT AB In this study we examined the range of Fe concentration and relative Fe bioavailability of 24 varieties of cooked lentils, as well as the impact of seed coat removal on Fe nutritional as well as antinutrient properties. Relative Fe bioavailability was assessed by the in vitro/Caco-2 cell culture method. While the Fe concentration of the whole lentil was moderately high (72.8 +/- 10.8 mu g/g, n = 24), the relative Fe bioavailability was moderate (2.4 +/- 1.0 ng of ferritin/mg of protein). Although removing the seed coat reduced the Fe concentration by an average of 16.4 +/- 9.4 mu g/g, the bioavailability was significantly improved (+5.3 +/- 2.2 ng of ferritin/mg of protein; p < 0.001), and the phytic acid concentration was reduced by 7% (p = 0.04). Like most legume seeds, the lentil seed coat contains a range of polyphenols known to inhibit Fe bioavailability. Thus, along with breeding for high Fe concentration and bioavailability (i.e., biofortification), seed coat removal appears to be a practical way to improve Fe bioavailability of the lentil. C1 [DellaValle, Diane M.; Glahn, Raymond P.] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Vandenberg, Albert] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Plant Sci, Crop Dev Ctr, Coll Agr & Bioresources, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. RP Glahn, RP (reprint author), ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, 538 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rpg3@cornell.edu OI DellaValle, Diane/0000-0002-3855-432X FU Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, (USDA-ARS) FX Support for this research was provided by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, and Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, (USDA-ARS). NR 23 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 28 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 34 BP 8084 EP 8089 DI 10.1021/jf4022916 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 211AI UT WOS:000323876100010 PM 23915260 ER PT J AU Guo, X Jakes, JE Nichols, MT Banna, S Nishi, Y Shohet, JL AF Guo, X. Jakes, J. E. Nichols, M. T. Banna, S. Nishi, Y. Shohet, J. L. TI The effect of water uptake on the mechanical properties of low-k organosilicate glass SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT MATERIALS; SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPE; ELASTIC-MODULUS; THIN-FILMS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; LAYERED SPECIMEN; NANOINDENTATION; PLASMA; HARDNESS; MICROELECTRONICS AB Water uptake in porous low-k dielectrics has become a significant challenge for both back-end-ofline integration and circuit reliability. The influence of absorbed water on the mechanical properties of plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited organosilicate glasses (SiCOH) was investigated with nanoindentation. The roles of physisorbed (alpha-bonded) and chemisorbed (beta-bonded) water were examined separately through annealing at different temperatures. Nanoindentation measurements were performed on dehydrated organosilicate glass during exposure to varying humidity conditions. The elastic modulus and hardness for as-deposited SiCOH are intimately linked to the nature and concentration of the absorbed water in the dielectric. Under mild-annealing conditions, the water-related film mechanical property changes were shown to be reversible. The mechanical properties of UV-cured SiCOH were also shown to depend on absorbed water, but to a lesser extent because UV curing depopulates the hydrophilic chemical groups in SiCOH. High-load indentation tests showed that in-diffusion of water in the film/substrate interface can degrade the hardness of SiCOH/Si film stacks significantly, while not significantly changing the elastic modulus. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Guo, X.; Nichols, M. T.; Shohet, J. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Plasma Proc & Technol Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Guo, X.; Nichols, M. T.; Shohet, J. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jakes, J. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Banna, S.] Appl Mat Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. [Nishi, Y.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Guo, X (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Plasma Proc & Technol Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. FU Semiconductor Research Corporation [2012-KJ-2359]; National Science Foundation [CBET-1066231]; Applied Materials University Research Partnership Program FX This work was supported by the Semiconductor Research Corporation under Contract No. 2012-KJ-2359, by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CBET-1066231, and by the Applied Materials University Research Partnership Program. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 28 PY 2013 VL 114 IS 8 AR 084103 DI 10.1063/1.4817917 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 211MD UT WOS:000323911100072 ER PT J AU Khurana, S Loving, CL Manischewitz, J King, LR Gauger, PC Henningson, J Vincent, AL Golding, H AF Khurana, Surender Loving, Crystal L. Manischewitz, Jody King, Lisa R. Gauger, Phillip C. Henningson, Jamie Vincent, Amy L. Golding, Hana TI Vaccine-Induced Anti-HA2 Antibodies Promote Virus Fusion and Enhance Influenza Virus Respiratory Disease SO SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID A VIRUSES; AFFINITY MATURATION; YOUNG-ADULTS; HEMAGGLUTININ; SWINE; PIGS; CHILDREN; CELLS; GLYCOPROTEIN; REPLICATION AB Vaccine-induced disease enhancement has been described in connection with several viral vaccines in animal models and in humans. We investigated a swine model to evaluate mismatched influenza vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) after pH1N1 infection. Vaccinating pigs with whole inactivated H1N2 (human-like) virus vaccine (WIV-H1N2) resulted in enhanced pneumonia and disease after pH1N1 infection. WIV-H1N2 immune sera contained high titers of cross-reactive anti-pH1N1 hemagglutinin (HA) antibodies that bound exclusively to the HA2 domain but not to the HA1 globular head. No hemagglutination inhibition titers against pH1N1 (challenge virus) were measured. Epitope mapping using phage display library identified the immunodominant epitope recognized by WIV-H1N2 immune sera as amino acids 32 to 77 of pH1N1-HA2 domain, close to the fusion peptide. These cross-reactive anti-HA2 antibodies enhanced pH1N1 infection of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells by promoting virus membrane fusion activity. The enhanced fusion activity correlated with lung pathology in pigs. This study suggests a role for fusion-enhancing anti-HA2 antibodies in VAERD, in the absence of receptor-blocking virus-neutralizing antibodies. These findings should be considered during the evaluation of universal influenza vaccines designed to elicit HA2 stem-targeting antibodies. C1 [Khurana, Surender; Manischewitz, Jody; King, Lisa R.; Golding, Hana] US FDA, Div Viral Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Loving, Crystal L.; Vincent, Amy L.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.] Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Henningson, Jamie] Kansas State Vet Diagnost Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Golding, H (reprint author), US FDA, Div Viral Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM Amy.Vincent@ars.usda.gov; hana.golding@fda.hhs.gov FU Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) FX Funding was provided by Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 46 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1946-6234 EI 1946-6242 J9 SCI TRANSL MED JI Sci. Transl. Med. PD AUG 28 PY 2013 VL 5 IS 200 AR 200ra114 DI 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006366 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 208UF UT WOS:000323705100003 PM 23986398 ER PT J AU Miernyk, JA Johnston, ML AF Miernyk, Jan A. Johnston, Mark L. TI Proteomic analysis of the testa from developing soybean seeds SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE CID, Collision Induced Dissociation; MS, Mass spectrometry; Proteomics; Proteostasis ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA L; GLYCINE-MAX; PLANT EMBRYOGENESIS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; GENE-EXPRESSION; TCA CYCLE; PROTEIN; COAT; FAMILY; CELL AB Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv Jack) seed development was separated into nine defined stages (Si to 59). Testa (seed coats) were removed from developing seeds at stages S2, 4, 6, 8, and 9, and subjected to shotgun proteomic profiling. For each stage "total proteins" were isolated from 150 mg dry weight of seed coat using a phenol-based method, then reduced, alkylated, and digested with trypsin. The tryptic peptides were separated using a C18-reversed phase matrix, then analyzed using an LTQ Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer. Spectra were searched against the Phytozome G. max DB using the Sorcerer 2 IDA Sequest-based search algorithm. Identities were verified using Scaffold 3. A total of 306 (S2), 328 (S4), 273 (56), 193 (S8), and 272 (S9) proteins were identified in three out of three biological replicates, and sorted into 11 functional groups: Primary Metabolism, Secondary Metabolism, Cellular Structure, Stress Responses, Nucleic Acid metabolism, Protein Synthesis, Protein Folding, Protein Targeting, Hormones and Signaling, Seed Storage Proteins, and Proteins of Unknown Function. In selected instances, individual seed coat proteins were quantified by spectral counting. The number of proteins involved in intermediary metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, protein folding and degradation are discussed as they relate to seed coat function. Biological significance Most previous analyses of seed coats have either targeted individual enzymes or used the results from high-throughput transcript profiling to infer biological function. Because there is seldom a linear correlation between transcript and protein levels, we have undertaken a shotgun proteomics-based description of soybean (G. max (L.) Men. cv Jack) seed coats, as a function of development, in order to bridge this gap and to establish the baseline for a more comprehensive understanding of seed biology. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Miernyk, Jan A.; Johnston, Mark L.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Washington, DC USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Interdisciplinary Plant Grp, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Miernyk, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, 102 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Jan.Miernyk@ars.usda.gov NR 73 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3919 J9 J PROTEOMICS JI J. Proteomics PD AUG 26 PY 2013 VL 89 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.05.013 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 210XA UT WOS:000323867200022 PM 23707235 ER PT J AU Valdez-Aguilar, LA Grieve, CM Poss, JA AF Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A. Grieve, Catherine M. Poss, James A. TI RESPONSE OF LISIANTHUS TO IRRIGATION WITH SALINE WATER: PLANT GROWTH SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE cut flowers; Colorado River Water; salinity; sea water dilutions; water reuse ID PRODUCTIVITY; QUALITY; FLOWER; CROP AB Production of cut flowers in California is located mostly in the coastal areas, where sea water intrusion is a problem, or in the southern inland valleys, where water quality and quantity are prevalent issues. In recent years there has been an increasing interest as to the feasibility of commercial production of ornamental plants using degraded waters. The present study was conducted in greenhouse sand cultures to compare the growth and development of lisianthus in response to irrigation with solutions differing in ionic composition and concentration to mimic either well waters contaminated with sea water (sea water dilutions, SWD) or tailwaters typical of concentrated Colorado River water (CCRW). Seedlings of lisianthus Pure White' were irrigated with varying electrical conductivity (EC) treatments, ranging between 2 to 12 dS m(-1). The results showed that lisianthus Pure White' grew better when irrigated with EC = 2 dS m(-1) SWD, although commercially acceptable flowering stems were produced in treatments as high as 7 dS m(-1). Lisianthus can also be irrigated with CCRW tailwater with EC 6 dS m(-1) for Echo Blue' or with EC 8 dS m(-1) for Pure White.' C1 [Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A.] Univ Autonoma Agr Antonio Narro, Dept Hort, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. [Grieve, Catherine M.; Poss, James A.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. RP Valdez-Aguilar, LA (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Agr Antonio Narro, Dept Hort, Calz Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. EM luisalonso.valdez@uaaan.mx OI Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A./0000-0002-2510-1962 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD AUG 24 PY 2013 VL 36 IS 10 BP 1605 EP 1614 DI 10.1080/01904167.2013.799188 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 170PD UT WOS:000320864400010 ER PT J AU Kawakami, EM Oosterhuis, DM Snider, JL AF Kawakami, Eduardo M. Oosterhuis, Derrick M. Snider, John L. TI INFLUENCE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE AND UREA FERTILIZATION WITH N-(N-BUTYL) THIOPHOSPHORIC TRIAMIDE AND DICYANDIAMINDE ON COTTON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Gossypium hirsutum; nitrogen; N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide; dicyandiaminde; high temperature; N use efficiency; glutathione reductase; glutamine synthetase; nitrate reductase ID NITRATE REDUCTASE-ACTIVITY; NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE; NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LEAF SENESCENCE; HIGHER-PLANTS AB The objective of this growth chamber study was to evaluate the effect of adding N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and dicyandiaminde (DCD) to urea fertilizer, on the physiology and growth of cotton (Gossypiumhirsutum L.) under normal and high temperatures. Treatments consisted of two day temperature regimes, 30 degrees C and 38 degrees C, and five nitrogen fertilization applications: unfertilized control, 125kg ha(-1) of urea, 93kg ha(-1) of urea, 93kg ha(-1) urea + NBPT, and 93kg ha(-1) urea + NBPT + DCD. The addition of NBPT to urea fertilizer had positive effects on leaf chlorophyll, leaf area, dry matter, nitrogen (N) uptake, and N use efficiency. The absence of a significant interaction effect indicated that N fertilization was not influenced by temperature. Deficiency of N significantly decreased leaf chlorophyll, increased glutathione reductase, decreased protein and increased leaf nitrate reductase. Physiological changes under high temperature included increased plant N uptake, glutamine synthetase, leaf chlorophyll, protein content, plant height and leaf area were due to high N uptake and utilization. C1 [Kawakami, Eduardo M.; Oosterhuis, Derrick M.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Snider, John L.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farm Res Ctr, Booneville, AR USA. RP Kawakami, EM (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 1366 Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM ekawakam@uark.edu FU Cotton Incorporated; Fluid Fertilizer Foundation FX The authors thank Cotton Incorporated for partial funding of this research and M. Quadros for her help in the laboratory. The authors thank Cotton Incorporated and the Fluid Fertilizer Foundation for partial funding of this research. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PD AUG 24 PY 2013 VL 36 IS 10 BP 1615 EP 1639 DI 10.1080/01904167.2013.799189 PG 25 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 170PD UT WOS:000320864400011 ER PT J AU Chatterjee, A Long, DS Pierce, FJ AF Chatterjee, Amitava Long, Daniel S. Pierce, F. J. TI Switchgrass Influences on Soil Biogeochemical Processes in the Dryland Region of the Pacific Northwest SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE delta C-13; microbial biomass carbon; nitrogen mineralization; soil CO2; switchgrass ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS-C; CARBON DYNAMICS; UNITED-STATES; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; YIELD; FEEDSTOCK; RESPONSES AB Switchgrass and other perennial grasses have been promoted as biomass crops for production of renewable fuels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biomass removal on soil biogeochemical processes. A 3-year field study consisting of three levels of net primary productivity (NPP; low, medium, and high growing season precipitation) and two biomass crops (winter wheat and switchgrass) was conducted near Pendleton, Oregon. Switchgrass increased soil carbon (C)-nitrogen (N) ratio, but the effect varied with net primary productivity (NPP) and soil depth. In situ soil respiration (carbon dioxide; CO2) rate from switchgrass increased with NPP level but switchgrass had greater cumulative flux than wheat in medium and low NPP. Nitrogen mineralization and microbial biomass carbon were significantly greater under switchgrass than under wheat at high and medium NPP. Introduction of switchgrass initiates major changes in soil nutrient dynamics through organic-matter input. C1 [Chatterjee, Amitava] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Long, Daniel S.] ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, USDA, Pendleton, OR USA. [Pierce, F. J.] Washington State Univ, Prosser, WA USA. RP Chatterjee, A (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Walster 133, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM amitava.chatterjee@ndsu.edu FU CSREES NRI [2007-35107-18279, 2007-03159] FX The authors thank Joe St. Claire, Ellie Murray, Wayne Polumsky, Bob Correa, Daryl Haasch, and Patrick Scharf for their support of laboratory analyses and field operations. This research was supported in part by a grant from the CSREES NRI Competitive Grants Program 2007-35107-18279, Project Proposal 2007-03159. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD AUG 22 PY 2013 VL 44 IS 15 BP 2314 EP 2326 DI 10.1080/00103624.2013.794824 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 194FI UT WOS:000322616000007 ER PT J AU Vojvodic, S Rehan, SM Anderson, KE AF Vojvodic, Svjetlana Rehan, Sandra M. Anderson, Kirk E. TI Microbial Gut Diversity of Africanized and European Honey Bee Larval Instars SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID APIS-MELLIFERA; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; RIPENING HONEY; POLLEN; DROSOPHILA; SYMBIONTS; WORKER; IDENTIFICATION; HOMEOSTASIS; PARADIGM AB The first step in understanding gut microbial ecology is determining the presence and potential niche breadth of associated microbes. While the core gut bacteria of adult honey bees is becoming increasingly apparent, there is very little and inconsistent information concerning symbiotic bacterial communities in honey bee larvae. The larval gut is the target of highly pathogenic bacteria and fungi, highlighting the need to understand interactions between typical larval gut flora, nutrition and disease progression. Here we show that the larval gut is colonized by a handful of bacterial groups previously described from guts of adult honey bees or other pollinators. First and second larval instars contained almost exclusively Alpha 2.2, a core Acetobacteraceae, while later instars were dominated by one of two very different Lactobacillus spp., depending on the sampled site. Royal jelly inhibition assays revealed that of seven bacteria occurring in larvae, only one Neisseriaceae and one Lactobacillus sp. were inhibited. We found both core and environmentally vectored bacteria with putatively beneficial functions. Our results suggest that early inoculation by Acetobacteraceae may be important for microbial succession in larvae. This assay is a starting point for more sophisticated in vitro models of nutrition and disease resistance in honey bee larvae. C1 [Vojvodic, Svjetlana; Anderson, Kirk E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Ctr Insect Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Rehan, Sandra M.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Anderson, Kirk E.] USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Vojvodic, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Ctr Insect Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM vojvodic.sv@gmail.com OI Vojvodic, Svjetlana/0000-0003-0660-6540 FU NIH PERT fellowship through the Center for Insect Science FX This work was funded by NIH PERT fellowship to SV through the Center for Insect Science. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 66 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 6 U2 51 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 21 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e72106 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0072106 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 218YW UT WOS:000324470100080 PM 23991051 ER PT J AU Pierce, LR Willey, JC Palsule, VV Yeo, J Shepherd, BS Crawford, EL Stepien, CA AF Pierce, Lindsey R. Willey, James C. Palsule, Vrushalee V. Yeo, Jiyoun Shepherd, Brian S. Crawford, Erin L. Stepien, Carol A. TI Accurate Detection and Quantification of the Fish Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia virus (VHSv) with a Two-Color Fluorometric Real-Time PCR Assay SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; GREAT-LAKES; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; RAPID DETECTION; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; USA; DIVERSITY; GENOTYPE AB Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia virus (VHSv) is one of the world's most serious fish pathogens, infecting >80 marine, freshwater, and estuarine fish species from Eurasia and North America. A novel and especially virulent strain - IVb - appeared in the Great Lakes in 2003, has killed many game fish species in a series of outbreaks in subsequent years, and shut down interstate transport of baitfish. Cell culture is the diagnostic method approved by the USDA-APHIS, which takes a month or longer, lacks sensitivity, and does not quantify the amount of virus. We thus present a novel, easy, rapid, and highly sensitive real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay that incorporates synthetic competitive template internal standards for quality control to circumvent false negative results. Results demonstrate high signal-to-analyte response (slope = 1.00 +/- 0.02) and a linear dynamic range that spans seven orders of magnitude (R-2 = 0.99), ranging from 6 to 6,000,000 molecules. Infected fishes are found to harbor levels of virus that range to 1,200,000 VHSv molecules/10(6) actb1 molecules with 1,000 being a rough cut-off for clinical signs of disease. This new assay is rapid, inexpensive, and has significantly greater accuracy than other published qRT-PCR tests and traditional cell culture diagnostics. C1 [Pierce, Lindsey R.; Palsule, Vrushalee V.; Stepien, Carol A.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Great Lakes Genet Genom Lab, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Pierce, Lindsey R.; Palsule, Vrushalee V.; Stepien, Carol A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Willey, James C.; Yeo, Jiyoun; Crawford, Erin L.] Univ Toledo, Dept Med, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Shepherd, Brian S.] Univ Wisconsin, ARS, USDA, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RP Stepien, CA (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Great Lakes Genet Genom Lab, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM carol.stepien@utoledo.edu FU NOAA Ohio Sea Grant [R/LR-015]; USDA-NIFA (CSREES) [2008-38927-19156, 2009-38927-20043, 2010-38927-21048]; USDA-ARS CRIS project [3655-31320-002-00D, 58-3655-9-748 A01, R21 CA 138397]; NSF [GK-12 #DGE-0742395]; NSF-DDIG [1110495] FX This research was funded by the following grants: NOAA Ohio Sea Grant #R/LR-015 (to CAS, JCW), USDA-NIFA (CSREES) #2008-38927-19156, #2009-38927-20043, #2010-38927-21048 (to CAS, JCW), USDA-ARS CRIS project #3655-31320-002-00D, under the specific cooperative agreement #58-3655-9-748 A01 (to CAS, JCW, BSS), R21 CA 138397 (to JCW), NSF GK-12 #DGE-0742395 (to CAS), and NSF-DDIG #1110495 (to LRP, CAS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e71851 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071851 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219RU UT WOS:000324527300046 PM 23977162 ER PT J AU Fry, TL VanDalen, KK Duncan, C VerCauteren, K AF Fry, Tricia L. VanDalen, Kaci K. Duncan, Colleen VerCauteren, Kurt TI The safety of ONRAB (R) in select non-target wildlife SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus; Non-target species; ONRAB (R); Oral rabies vaccine; Rabies; Vaccine safety ID RABIES GLYCOPROTEIN; STRIPED SKUNKS; RACCOONS; VACCINE; CANADA; ONTARIO; BAITS; USA AB ONRAB (R) is a recombinant human adenovirus type 5 (HAd5) with the rabies glycoprotein gene incorporated into its genome. ONRAB (R) has been used in Canada as an oral rabies vaccine in target wildlife species such as: red fox (Vulpes vulpes), raccoon (Procyon lotor), and striped skunk (Mepthis mephitis). We evaluated the safety of ONRAB (R) in non-target wildlife species likely to contact the vaccine baits during oral rabies vaccine campaigns in the United States. We investigated the effects of oral inoculation of high titer ONRAB (R), approximately ten times the dose given to target species, in wood rats (Neotoma spp.), eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus), Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana), eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestri), and fox squirrels (Sciurus niger). We performed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on fecal swabs, oral swabs, and tissues, including lung, liver, kidney, small intestine, large intestine, and when appropriate nasal turbinates, to detect ONRAB (R) DNA from inoculated animals. By seven days post-inoculation, turkeys, opossums, and cottontails had all stopped shedding ONRAB (R) DNA. One wood rat and one fox squirrel still had detectable levels of ONRAB (R) DNA in fecal swabs 14 days post-inoculation. Real-time PCR analysis of the tissues revealed some ONRAB (R) DNA persisting in certain tissues; however, there were no significant gross or histologic lesions associated with ONRAB (R) in any of the species studied. Our results suggest that many non-target species are not likely to be impacted by the distribution of ONRAB (R) as part of oral rabies vaccination programs in the United States. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fry, Tricia L.; VanDalen, Kaci K.; VerCauteren, Kurt] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Duncan, Colleen] Colorado State Univ Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Fry, TL (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM tricia_fry@hotmail.com; kaci.vandalen@aphis.usda.gov; colleen.duncan@colostate.edu; kurt.c.vercauteren@aphis.usda.gov NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 37 BP 3839 EP 3842 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.069 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 218PI UT WOS:000324444200013 PM 23831321 ER PT J AU Jarvie, HP Sharpley, AN Spears, B Buda, AR May, L Kleinman, PJA AF Jarvie, Helen P. Sharpley, Andrew N. Spears, Bryan Buda, Anthony R. May, Linda Kleinman, Peter J. A. TI Water Quality Remediation Faces Unprecedented Challenges from "Legacy Phosphorus" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jarvie, Helen P.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford, Oxon, England. [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Spears, Bryan; May, Linda] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland. [Buda, Anthony R.; Kleinman, Peter J. A.] Agr Res Serv, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, USDA, University Pk, PA USA. RP Jarvie, HP (reprint author), Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Maclean Bldg, Wallingford, Oxon, England. EM hpj@ceh.ac.uk RI May, Linda/D-7943-2011; Jarvie, Helen/A-3054-2013; Spears, Bryan/I-3688-2012 OI Jarvie, Helen/0000-0002-4984-1607; NR 5 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 15 U2 128 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 8997 EP 8998 DI 10.1021/es403160a PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 205VA UT WOS:000323471700002 PM 23931665 ER PT J AU Rowlandson, TL Berg, AA Bullock, PR Ojo, ER McNairn, H Wiseman, G Cosh, MH AF Rowlandson, Tracy L. Berg, Aaron A. Bullock, Paul R. Ojo, E. RoTimi McNairn, Heather Wiseman, Grant Cosh, Michael H. TI Evaluation of several calibration procedures for a portable soil moisture sensor SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil moisture; Calibration; Impedance probes ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; WATER-CONTENT; VALIDATION; PROBE AB The calibration and validation of remotely sensed soil moisture products relies upon an accurate source of ground truth data. The primary method of providing this ground truth is to conduct intensive field campaigns with manual surface soil moisture sampling measurements, which utilize gravimetric sampling, soil moisture probes, or both, to estimate the volumetric soil water content. Soil moisture probes eliminate the need for labor-intensive gravimetric sampling. To ensure the accuracy of these probes, several studies have determined these probes need various degrees of localized calibration. This study examines six possible calibration techniques using data collected during a field campaign conducted in 2012, with soil moisture samples being collected over 55 fields in southern Manitoba, as part of the Soil Moisture Active Passive Validation Experiment 2012 (SMAPVEX12). The use of a general equation, applied to all collected data, resulted in the largest error regardless of whether a linear or third order polynomial relationship was established for the calibration of the soil moisture probes. Calibration equations based on soil texture or vegetation land cover reduced the error; however, the individual calibration equations established for each field in the study had the lowest error of all the calibration techniques. Although average bias was low for all of the calibration techniques, the use of the general equation to calibrate individual fields resulted in high biases for some fields. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rowlandson, Tracy L.; Berg, Aaron A.] Univ Guelph, Dept Geog, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Bullock, Paul R.; Ojo, E. RoTimi] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Cosh, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Berg, AA (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Geog, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM aberg@uoguelph.ca RI Bullock, Paul/B-3948-2010; Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015 OI Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918 FU Canadian Space Agency, Environment Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, US Department of Agriculture; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors would like to thank all participants in SMAPVEX12. Their assistance in the collection of the data set was vital and is much appreciated. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their suggestions for improving the paper. The authors would also like to thank the Canadian Space Agency, Environment Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, US Department of Agriculture and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for their support of this study. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG 19 PY 2013 VL 498 BP 335 EP 344 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.021 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 208OK UT WOS:000323688800028 ER PT J AU Lin, F Ye, JL Wang, HG Zhang, AJ Zhao, BG AF Lin, Feng Ye, Jianling Wang, Huaguang Zhang, Aijun Zhao, Boguang TI Host Deception: Predaceous Fungus, Esteya vermicola, Entices Pine Wood Nematode by Mimicking the Scent of Pine Tree for Nutrient SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BURSAPHELENCHUS-XYLOPHILUS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MONOCHAMUS-ALTERNATUS; TRAPPING FUNGI; CATTLE; ATTRACTION; VOLATILES; GENUS AB Background: A nematophagous fungus, Esteya vermicola, is recorded as the first endoparasitic fungus of pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in last century. E. vermicola exhibited high infectivity toward PWN in the laboratory conditions and conidia spraying of this fungus on Japanese red pine, Pinus densiflora, seedlings in the field protected the pine trees from pine wilt disease to some extent, indicating that it is a potential bio-control agent against PWN. Previous research had demonstrated that the living fungal mycelia of E. vermicola continuously produced certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which were responsible for the PWN attraction. However, identity of these VOCs remains unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings: In this study, we report the identification of alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and camphor produced by living mycelia of E. vermicola, the same volatile compounds emitted from PWN host pine tree, as the major VOCs for PWN attraction using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, we also confirmed the host deception behavior of E. vermicola to PWN by using synthetic VOCs in a straightforward laboratory bioassay. Conclusions/Significance: This research result has demonstrated that the endoparasitic nematophagous fungus, E. vermicola, mimics the scent of PWN host pine tree to entice PWN for the nutrient. The identification of the attractive VOCs emitted from the fungus E. vermicola is of significance in better understanding parasitic mechanism of the fungus and the co-evolution in the two organisms and will aid management of the pine wilt disease. C1 [Lin, Feng; Ye, Jianling; Wang, Huaguang; Zhao, Boguang] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Dept Forest Protect, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Ye, Jianling] Jiangsu Entry Exit Inspect & Quarantine Bur, Anim Plant & Food Inspect Ctr, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Aijun] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Zhao, BG (reprint author), Nanjing Forestry Univ, Dept Forest Protect, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM zhbg596@126.com FU Chinese Ministry of Forestry [201004003] FX This work was supported by a project from the Chinese Ministry of Forestry (2010) No. 201004003. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 19 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e71676 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071676 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 205ER UT WOS:000323425700083 PM 23990972 ER PT J AU Pendall, E Heisler-White, JL Williams, DG Dijkstra, FA Carrillo, Y Morgan, JA LeCain, DR AF Pendall, Elise Heisler-White, Jana L. Williams, David G. Dijkstra, Feike A. Carrillo, Yolima Morgan, Jack A. LeCain, Daniel R. TI Warming Reduces Carbon Losses from Grassland Exposed to Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SOIL RESPIRATION; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; PROCESS RESPONSES; LEAF RESPIRATION; ECOSYSTEM CARBON; ORGANIC-MATTER; CO2; DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; PRECIPITATION AB The flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere may ameliorate or exacerbate climate change, depending on the relative responses of ecosystem photosynthesis and respiration to warming temperatures, rising atmospheric CO2, and altered precipitation. The combined effect of these global change factors is especially uncertain because of their potential for interactions and indirectly mediated conditions such as soil moisture. Here, we present observations of CO2 fluxes from a multi-factor experiment in semi-arid grassland that suggests a potentially strong climate carbon cycle feedback under combined elevated [CO2] and warming. Elevated [CO2] alone, and in combination with warming, enhanced ecosystem respiration to a greater extent than photosynthesis, resulting in net C loss over four years. The effect of warming was to reduce respiration especially during years of below-average precipitation, by partially offsetting the effect of elevated [CO2] on soil moisture and C cycling. Carbon losses were explained partly by stimulated decomposition of soil organic matter with elevated [CO2]. The climate - carbon cycle feedback observed in this semiarid grassland was mediated by soil water content, which was reduced by warming and increased by elevated [CO2]. Ecosystem models should incorporate direct and indirect effects of climate change on soil water content in order to accurately predict terrestrial feedbacks and long-term storage of C in soil. C1 [Pendall, Elise; Carrillo, Yolima] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Pendall, Elise; Carrillo, Yolima] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Heisler-White, Jana L.; Dijkstra, Feike A.; Morgan, Jack A.; LeCain, Daniel R.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Heisler-White, Jana L.; Dijkstra, Feike A.; Morgan, Jack A.; LeCain, Daniel R.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Area, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Heisler-White, Jana L.; Williams, David G.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Heisler-White, Jana L.; Williams, David G.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Heisler-White, Jana L.; Williams, David G.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Heisler-White, Jana L.; Williams, David G.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Dijkstra, Feike A.; Carrillo, Yolima] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Pendall, E (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM Pendall@uwyo.edu RI Williams, David/A-6407-2014; OI Williams, David/0000-0003-3627-5260; Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969 FU United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program, USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; United States Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER), through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program; Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University; NSF (DEB) [1021559] FX This project was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program, USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program (Grant no. 2008-35107-18655), United States Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER), through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program and the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University, and by NSF (DEB# 1021559). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 8 U2 98 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 19 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e71921 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071921 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 205ER UT WOS:000323425700113 PM 23977180 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ AF Gagne, Raymond J. TI Four new genera of Nearctic Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) for species previously incorrectly placed SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE gall midges; conifers; Lasiopteridi; Dasineurini; Ledomyiini ID GALL MIDGES DIPTERA; BIOLOGY; MYRTACEAE AB Four new genera belonging to the tribe Dasineurini (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Lasiopteridi) are described for previously incorrectly placed species. The new genera are: Cembrotia Gagne, type species Janetiella coloradensis Felt; Cupressatia Gagne, type-species Janetiella siskiyou Felt; Strobilotia Gagne, type species Phytophaga carpophaga Tripp; and Rhizocecis Gagne, type species Cecidomyia rhois Coquillett. Resulting new combinations are: Cembrotia coloradensis (Felt), Cupressatia siskiyou (Felt), Cupressatia thujae (Hedlin), Strobilotia carpophaga (Tripp) and Rhizocecis rhois (Coquillett). C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 19 PY 2013 VL 3701 IS 2 BP 148 EP 158 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 201NS UT WOS:000323148900002 PM 26191576 ER PT J AU Umpierrez-Failache, M Garmendia, G Pereyra, S Rodriguez-Haralambides, A Ward, TJ Vero, S AF Umpierrez-Failache, M. Garmendia, G. Pereyra, S. Rodriguez-Haralambides, A. Ward, T. J. Vero, S. TI Regional differences in species composition and toxigenic potential among Fusarium head blight isolates from Uruguay indicate a risk of nivalenol contamination in new wheat production areas SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium asiaticum; Multilocus genotyping; Tebuconazole; Aggressiveness; Nivalenol ID GENEALOGICAL CONCORDANCE; TRICHOTHECENE GENOTYPES; MYCOTOXIN CHEMOTYPES; GRAMINEARUM CLADE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; F-GRAMINEARUM; FUMONISIN B-1; COMPLEX; CHINA; DEOXYNIVALENOL AB Members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) are the primary cause of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat, and frequently contaminate grain with trichothecene mycotoxins that pose a serious threat to food safety and animal health. The species identity and trichothecene toxin potential of 151 FGSC isolates collected from wheat in Uruguay were determined via multilocus genotyping. Although F. graminearum with the 15ADON trichothecene type accounted for 86% of the isolates examined, five different FGSC species and all three trichothecene types were identified in this collection. This is the first report of Fusarium asiaticurn, Fusarium brasilicum, Fusarium cortaderiae, and Fusarium austroamericanum from Uruguay. In addition, we observed significant (P < 0.001) regional differences in the composition of FGSC species and trichothecene types within Uruguay. Isolates of F. graminearum with the 15ADON type were the most prevalent in western provinces (95%), while F. asiaticum (43%) and the NIV type (61%) predominated in the new wheat production zone in Cerro Largo along Uruguay's eastern border with Brazil. F. graminearum isolates (15ADON type) were significantly (P < 0.005) more aggressive on wheat than were isolates from the other species examined (NW or 3ADON types). However, F. graminearum isolates (15ADON type) were significantly (P < 0.05) more sensitive to tebuconazole than isolates from other species (NIV type). These results document substantial heterogeneity among the pathogens responsible for FHB in Uruguay. In addition, the regional predominance of the NIV trichothecene type is of significant concern to food safety and indicates that additional monitoring of nivalenol levels in grain may be required. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Umpierrez-Failache, M.; Garmendia, G.; Vero, S.] Univ Republica, Fac Quim, Catedra Microbiol, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay. [Pereyra, S.] INIA La Estanzuela, INIA, Colonia 70000, Uruguay. [Rodriguez-Haralambides, A.] Univ Republ, Fac Quim, Polo Tecnol Pando, Canelones 91000, Uruguay. [Ward, T. J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Umpierrez-Failache, M (reprint author), Univ Republica, Fac Quim, Catedra Microbiol, Gen Flores 2124, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay. EM marianau2000@yahoo.com OI Rodriguez-Haralambides, Alejandra/0000-0001-8587-3297 FU Comision Sectorial de Investigacion Cientifica (CSIC, Uruguay); Agencia Nacional de Investigacion e Innovacion (ANII, Uruguay) FX We thank the Comision Sectorial de Investigacion Cientifica (CSIC, Uruguay) and the Agencia Nacional de Investigacion e Innovacion (ANII, Uruguay) for financial aid. We also thank Thomas Usgaard, Nathane Orwig, and Stacy Sink for technical assistance, and MGAP, COPAGRAN and lng. Agr. Adriana Matte for providing wheat samples. NR 57 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD AUG 16 PY 2013 VL 166 IS 1 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.06.029 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 217HA UT WOS:000324349300019 PM 23856007 ER PT J AU Todd, J Friedman, M Patel, J Jaroni, D Ravishankar, S AF Todd, Jennifer Friedman, Mendel Patel, Jitendra Jaroni, Divya Ravishankar, Sadhana TI The antimicrobial effects of cinnamon leaf oil against multi-drug resistant Salmonella Newport on organic leafy greens SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cinnamon oil; Salmonella Newport; Organic leafy greens; Antimicrobial effects; Multi-drug resistant ID INACTIVATE ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI STRAINS; PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; EDIBLE APPLE FILMS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FRESH PRODUCE; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; LACTOBACILLUS-SAKEI; OREGANO OIL AB There is generally no kill-step when preparing salad vegetables, so there is a greater risk for foodborne illness from contaminated vegetables. Some essential oils have antimicrobial activities and could provide a natural way to reduce pathogens on fresh produce. The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of cinnamon oil wash against Salmonella enterica serotype Newport on organic leafy greens. Organic romaine and iceberg lettuce, and organic baby and mature spinach were inoculated with Salmonella Newport and then dip treated in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) control and 3 different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5% v/v) of cinnamon oil. The treatment time varied at either 1 or 2 min, and storage temperature varied at either 4 or 8 degrees C. Samples were collected at days 0, 1, and 3. For romaine and iceberg lettuce, S. Newport was not recovered on day 3 for 2 min 0.3% and 0.5% cinnamon oil treatments. For mature spinach, S. Newport was not recovered by day 3 for the 2 min 0.3% and 0.5% 4 degrees C treatments. For baby spinach, there was no recovery of S. Newport by day I for all 0.5% treatments. Overall, the cinnamon oil treatments were concentration and time dependent with higher concentrations and longer treatment times providing the greatest reduction in S. Newport population on leafy greens. In addition, the treatments had a residual effect with the greatest reduction generally seen on the last day of sampling. Storage temperature did not have a significant effect on the reduction of S. Newport. Based on the results of this study, cinnamon oil has the potential to be used as a treatment option for washing organic baby and mature spinach, and iceberg and romaine lettuces. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Todd, Jennifer; Ravishankar, Sadhana] Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Friedman, Mendel] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Patel, Jitendra] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jaroni, Divya] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. RP Ravishankar, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, 1117 E Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sadhravi@email.arizona.edu OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Organic Research and Extension Initiative [2010-51300-21760] FX This study was funded by the US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Organic Research and Extension Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-51300-21760. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD AUG 16 PY 2013 VL 166 IS 1 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.06.021 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 217HA UT WOS:000324349300028 PM 23911760 ER PT J AU Kochanski, A Jenkins, MA Sun, RY Krueger, S Abedi, S Charney, J AF Kochanski, Adam Jenkins, Mary Ann Sun, Ruiyu Krueger, Steven Abedi, Sepideh Charney, Joseph TI The importance of low-level environmental vertical wind shear to wildfire propagation: Proof of concept SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE atmosphere-fire interaction; wind shear; fire dynamics; fire spread; fire probability; fire plume ID ATMOSPHERE-FIRE MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION; GRASS FIRES; SPREAD; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; WEATHER AB This study is a proof of concept of the sensitivity of grassfire propagation to vertical shear in the near-surface environmental flow found through four comparative grassfire numerical simulations with a coupled wildfire-atmosphere model. A unidirectional constant wind field, under neutral atmospheric conditions, no surface friction, Coriolis force or topography, and homogeneous fuel, prescribes the model environment. By using the same surface (at 6.2m above ground level) wind speed for all simulations, analyses of the results can suggest when the behavior and spread rate of the fire may depend more on the interaction of the fire plume with the shear in the above surface wind or more on the magnitude of the mean upstream surface wind speed at the surface. Three aspects of wildfire behavior are investigated: impact of unidirectional vertical shear on surface flow properties and fire line propagation; variability in fire spread and area burnt due to the evolution of the surface flow; and implications of low-level vertical wind shear on the prediction of wildfire, especially extreme or erratic, behavior. C1 [Kochanski, Adam; Krueger, Steven; Abedi, Sepideh] Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Jenkins, Mary Ann] York Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci & Engn, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Sun, Ruiyu] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Charney, Joseph] US Forest Serv, North Cent Res Stn, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Jenkins, MA (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci & Engn, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. EM maj@yorku.ca FU United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement [03-JV-11231300-08]; Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Fire Research Grants Program [60NANB7D6144]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NSF [CNS-0821794]; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado Denver; NCAR FX This research was supported in part by United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement 03-JV-11231300-08, in part by Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Fire Research Grants Program grant 60NANB7D6144, and in part by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. A gratis grant of computer time from the Center for High Performance Computing, The University of Utah, is gratefully acknowledged. This work partially utilized the Janus supercomputer, supported by the NSF grant CNS-0821794, the University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado Denver, and NCAR. We thank reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. The study and manuscript have benefitted from the resulting changes. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 16 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 15 BP 8238 EP 8252 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50436 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 213DA UT WOS:000324032900009 ER PT J AU Kachman, SD Spangler, ML Bennett, GL Hanford, KJ Kuehn, LA Snelling, WM Thallman, RM Saatchi, M Garrick, DJ Schnabel, RD Taylor, JF Pollak, EJ AF Kachman, Stephen D. Spangler, Matthew L. Bennett, Gary L. Hanford, Kathryn J. Kuehn, Larry A. Snelling, Warren M. Thallman, R. Mark Saatchi, Mahdi Garrick, Dorian J. Schnabel, Robert D. Taylor, Jeremy F. Pollak, E. John TI Comparison of molecular breeding values based on within- and across-breed training in beef cattle SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID GENOMIC SELECTION; POPULATIONS; MULTIBREED; ACCURACIES; ANGUS; PERFORMANCE AB Background: Although the efficacy of genomic predictors based on within-breed training looks promising, it is necessary to develop and evaluate across-breed predictors for the technology to be fully applied in the beef industry. The efficacies of genomic predictors trained in one breed and utilized to predict genetic merit in differing breeds based on simulation studies have been reported, as have the efficacies of predictors trained using data from multiple breeds to predict the genetic merit of purebreds. However, comparable studies using beef cattle field data have not been reported. Methods: Molecular breeding values for weaning and yearling weight were derived and evaluated using a database containing BovineSNP50 genotypes for 7294 animals from 13 breeds in the training set and 2277 animals from seven breeds (Angus, Red Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Gelbvieh, Limousin, and Simmental) in the evaluation set. Six single-breed and four across-breed genomic predictors were trained using pooled data from purebred animals. Molecular breeding values were evaluated using field data, including genotypes for 2227 animals and phenotypic records of animals born in 2008 or later. Accuracies of molecular breeding values were estimated based on the genetic correlation between the molecular breeding value and trait phenotype. Results: With one exception, the estimated genetic correlations of within-breed molecular breeding values with trait phenotype were greater than 0.28 when evaluated in the breed used for training. Most estimated genetic correlations for the across-breed trained molecular breeding values were moderate (> 0.30). When molecular breeding values were evaluated in breeds that were not in the training set, estimated genetic correlations clustered around zero. Conclusions: Even for closely related breeds, within-or across-breed trained molecular breeding values have limited prediction accuracy for breeds that were not in the training set. For breeds in the training set, across-and within-breed trained molecular breeding values had similar accuracies. The benefit of adding data from other breeds to a within-breed training population is the ability to produce molecular breeding values that are more robust across breeds and these can be utilized until enough training data has been accumulated to allow for a within-breed training set. C1 [Kachman, Stephen D.; Hanford, Kathryn J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Spangler, Matthew L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Bennett, Gary L.; Kuehn, Larry A.; Snelling, Warren M.; Thallman, R. Mark; Pollak, E. John] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Saatchi, Mahdi; Garrick, Dorian J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schnabel, Robert D.; Taylor, Jeremy F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO USA. RP Kachman, SD (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM steve.kachman@unl.edu OI Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641; Spangler, Matthew/0000-0001-5184-501X; Garrick, Dorian/0000-0001-8640-5372; Kachman, Stephen/0000-0003-0506-513X FU UNL Agricultural Research Division; UNL Extension through the program for Seed Grants for Integrated Projects; National Research Initiative from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2008-35205-04687, 2008-35205-18864]; USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2009-65205-05635] FX The American Angus Association, Red Angus Association of America, American International Charolais Association, American Gelbvieh Association, American Hereford Association, North American Limousin Foundation, and American Simmental Association are acknowledged for providing data used in this study. The work was supported by competitive funding from UNL Agricultural Research Division and UNL Extension through the program for Seed Grants for Integrated Projects, National Research Initiative grants number 2008-35205-04687 and 2008-35205-18864 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service and grant number 2009-65205-05635 from the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0999-193X J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PD AUG 16 PY 2013 VL 45 AR 30 DI 10.1186/1297-9686-45-30 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 209AU UT WOS:000323726300001 PM 23953034 ER PT J AU Woteki, C AF Woteki, Catherine TI The Road to Pollinator Health SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Woteki, C (reprint author), USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM Catherine.woteki@osec.usda.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 76 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 16 PY 2013 VL 341 IS 6147 BP 695 EP 695 DI 10.1126/science.1244271 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 201DZ UT WOS:000323122200001 PM 23950499 ER PT J AU Saintenac, C Zhang, WJ Salcedo, A Rouse, MN Trick, HN Akhunov, E Dubcovsky, J AF Saintenac, Cyrille Zhang, Wenjun Salcedo, Andres Rouse, Matthew N. Trick, Harold N. Akhunov, Eduard Dubcovsky, Jorge TI Identification of Wheat Gene Sr35 That Confers Resistance to Ug99 Stem Rust Race Group SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OPEN READING FRAMES; POLYPLOID WHEAT; GENOME; TRANSCRIPTS; CC AB Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a devastating disease that can cause severe yield losses. A previously uncharacterized Pgt race, designated Ug99, has overcome most of the widely used resistance genes and is threatening major wheat production areas. Here, we demonstrate that the Sr35 gene from Triticum monococcum is a coiled-coil, nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat gene that confers near immunity to Ug99 and related races. This gene is absent in the A-genome diploid donor and in polyploid wheat but is effective when transferred from T. monococcum to polyploid wheat. The cloning of Sr35 opens the door to the use of biotechnological approaches to control this devastating disease and to analyses of the molecular interactions that define the wheat-rust pathosystem. C1 [Saintenac, Cyrille; Salcedo, Andres; Trick, Harold N.; Akhunov, Eduard] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Wenjun; Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rouse, Matthew N.] ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dubcovsky, Jorge] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. RP Akhunov, E (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM eakhunov@ksu.edu; jdubcovsky@ucdavis.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011; Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008; OI Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345; Trick, Harold/0000-0001-5255-5575 FU Agricultural and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029, 2012-67013-19401]; Borlaug Global Rust Initiative; HHMI; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF3031] FX This project was supported by Agricultural and Food Research Initiative grants 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP) and 2012-67013-19401 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative, and by support to J.D. from the HHMI and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF3031. We thank J. Nirmala, S. Sehgal, M. Padilla, S. Chao, K. Jordan, H. Lee, and D. Burdan for excellent technical support; B. Bowden and J. Dvorak for providing critical materials; K. Krasileva, A. Akhunova, and C. Li for valuable suggestions; and the University of California, Davis, and Kansas State University Genomic facilities. We also thank M. Pumphrey for his collaboration in the initial stages of the project, including design and initial development of the high-resolution mapping and TILLING populations. Sequences have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers KC573058, KC816724, KF113354 to KF113357, and KC876115 to KC876121. Author contributions are listed in the supplementary materials. NR 23 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 91 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 16 PY 2013 VL 341 IS 6147 BP 783 EP 786 DI 10.1126/science.1239022 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 201DZ UT WOS:000323122200047 PM 23811222 ER PT J AU Amoah, JKO Amatya, DM Nnaji, S AF Amoah, Joseph K. O. Amatya, Devendra M. Nnaji, Soronnadi TI Quantifying watershed surface depression storage: determination and application in a hydrologic model SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE depressional storage capacity; DRAINMOD; consistency zone; surface storage; brute force optimization; digital elevation model ID TILLED SOIL SURFACES; QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION; ELEVATION DATA; COASTAL-PLAIN; RUNOFF; ROUGHNESS; SIMULATIONS; VALIDATION; CATCHMENTS; RESOLUTION AB Hydrologic models often require correct estimates of surface macro-depressional storage to accurately simulate rainfall-runoff processes. Traditionally, depression storage is determined through model calibration or lumped with soil storage components or on an ad hoc basis. This paper investigates a holistic approach for estimating surface depressional storage capacity (DSC) in watersheds using digital elevation models (DEMs). The methodology includes implementing a lumped DSC model to extract geometric properties of storage elements from DEMs of varying grid resolutions and employing a consistency zone criterion to quantify the representative DSC of an isolated watershed. DSC obtained using the consistency zone approach is compared to DSC estimated by brute force (BF) optimization method. The BF procedure estimates optimal DSC by calibrating DRAINMOD, a quasi-process based hydrologic model, with observed streamflow under different climatic conditions. Both methods are applied to determine the DSC for relatively low-gradient coastal plain watersheds on forested landscape with slopes less than 3%. Results show robustness of the consistency zone approach for estimating depression storage. To test the adequacy of the calculated DSC values obtained, both methods are applied in DRAINMOD to predict the daily watershed flow rates. Comparison between observed and simulated streamflow reveals a marginal difference in performance between BF optimization and consistency zone estimated DSCs during wet periods, but the latter performed relatively better in dry periods. DSC is found to be dependent on seasonal antecedent moisture conditions on surface topography. The new methodology is beneficial in situations where data on depressional storage is unavailable for calibrating models requiring this input parameter. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Amoah, Joseph K. O.; Nnaji, Soronnadi] Florida A&M Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Amatya, Devendra M.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, USDA, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. RP Amoah, JKO (reprint author), St Johns River Water Management Dist, Palatka, FL 32177 USA. EM owarek@yahoo.com FU US Forest Service (USFS)-Southern Research Station (SRS) through the Civil Rights Committee's Summer Student Hire Program FX We would like to acknowledge the US Forest Service (USFS)-Southern Research Station (SRS) for the travel grant awarded through the Civil Rights Committee's Summer Student Hire Program. We thank USFS-SRS's Center for Forested Wetland Research and Tom Williams, PhD at the Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science-Clemson University for the use of their data and facilities. We also would like to recognize Carl Trettin, PhD (Project Leader); Charles Harrison (Hydrologic Technician) at the Center for Forested Wetland Research; and Tim Callahan, PhD (College of Charleston), for their technical support. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 17 BP 2401 EP 2413 DI 10.1002/hyp.9364 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 285ZA UT WOS:000329432700002 ER PT J AU Tryon, MS Carter, CS DeCant, R Laugero, KD AF Tryon, Matthew S. Carter, Cameron S. DeCant, Rashel Laugero, Kevin D. TI Chronic stress exposure may affect the brain's response to high calorie food cues and predispose to obesogenic eating habits SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Stress; Food; Neuroimaging; Reward; Habits; Executive control ID MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; FOREBRAIN GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; BODY-MASS INDEX; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; COMFORT FOOD; ABDOMINAL OBESITY; NEGATIVE AFFECT; HUMAN AMYGDALA; REWARD-SYSTEM AB Exaggerated reactivity to food cues involving calorically-dense foods may significantly contribute to food consumption beyond caloric need. Chronic stress, which can induce palatable "comfort" food consumption, may trigger or reinforce neural pathways leading to stronger reactions to highly rewarding foods. We implemented functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess whether chronic stress influences activation in reward, motivation and executive brain regions in response to pictures of high calorie and low calorie foods in thirty women. On separate lab visits, we also assessed food intake from a snack food buffet and circulating cortisol. In women reporting higher chronic stress (HCS), pictures of high calorie foods elicited exaggerated activity in regions of the brain involving reward, motivation, and habitual decision-making. In response to pictures of high calorie food, higher chronic stress was also associated with significant deactivation in frontal regions (BA10; BA46) linked to strategic planning and emotional control. In functional connectivity analysis, HCS strengthened connectivity between amygdala and the putamen, while LCS enhanced connectivity between amygdala and the anterior cingulate and anterior prefrontal cortex (BA10). A hypocortisolemic signature and more consumption of high calorie foods from the snack buffet were observed in the HCS group. These results suggest that persistent stress exposure may alter the brain's response to food in ways that predispose-individuals to poor eating habits which, if sustained, may increase risk for obesity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tryon, Matthew S.; DeCant, Rashel; Laugero, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Carter, Cameron S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychiat, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Carter, Cameron S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychol, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Laugero, Kevin D.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Laugero, KD (reprint author), ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 430W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kevin.laugero@ars.usda.gov FU UC Davis Medical Center Imaging Research Center, Sacramento, CA; USDA Agricultural Research Service intramural project [5306-51530-019-00] FX This research was supported with funding by the UC Davis Medical Center Imaging Research Center, Sacramento, CA and USDA Agricultural Research Service intramural project number 5306-51530-019-00. NR 80 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 120 BP 233 EP 242 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.08.010 PG 10 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 246QA UT WOS:000326553000031 PM 23954410 ER PT J AU Hang, L Blum, AM Setiawan, T Urban, JP Stoyanoff, KM Weinstock, JV AF Hang, Long Blum, Arthur M. Setiawan, Tommy Urban, Joseph P., Jr. Stoyanoff, Korynn M. Weinstock, Joel V. TI Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri Infection Activates Colonic Foxp3(+) T Cells Enhancing Their Capacity To Prevent Colitis SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; EXCRETORY-SECRETORY PRODUCTS; DENDRITIC CELLS; CROHNS-DISEASE; INTERLEUKIN-10 RECEPTOR; IL-10-DEFICIENT MICE; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; HOMEOSTASIS; EXPRESSION AB Helminthic infections protect mice from colitis in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease and also may protect people. Helminths like Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri can induce regulatory T cells (Treg). Experiments explored whether H. polygyrus bakeri infection could protect mice from colitis through activation of colonic Treg and examined mechanisms of action. We showed that H. polygyrus bakeri infection increased the number of T cells expressing Foxp3 in the colon. More importantly, Foxp3(+)/IL-10(-) and Foxp3(+)/IL-10(+) T cell subsets isolated from the colon of H. polygyrus bakeri-infected mice prevented colitis when adoptively transferred into a murine model of inflammatory bowel disease, whereas Treg from uninfected mice could not provide protection. Only the transferred colonic Foxp3(+)/IL-10(-) T cells from H. polygyrus bakeri-infected mice readily accumulated in the colon and mesenteric lymph nodes of recipient mice, and they reconstituted the Foxp3(+)/IL-10(-) and Foxp3(+)/IL-10(+) T cell subsets. However, transferred Foxp3(+)/IL-10(+) T cells disappeared. IL-10 expression by Foxp3(+) T cells was necessary for colitis prevention. Thus, H. polygyrus bakeri infection activates colonic Foxp3(+) T cells, making them highly regulatory. The Foxp3(+) T cells that fail to express IL-10 may be critical for populating the colon with the Foxp3(+)/IL-10(+) T cells, which are required to control colitis. C1 [Hang, Long; Blum, Arthur M.; Setiawan, Tommy; Stoyanoff, Korynn M.; Weinstock, Joel V.] Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Urban, Joseph P., Jr.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Weinstock, JV (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Box 233,800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jweinstock2@tuftsmedicalcenter.org OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU National Institutes of Health [DK38327, DK058755, DK091987]; Broad Foundation; Schneider Family; Friedman Family; Gilman Family FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants DK38327, DK058755, and DK091987; the Broad Foundation; the Schneider Family; the Friedman Family; and the Gilman Family. NR 39 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 191 IS 4 BP 1927 EP 1934 DI 10.4049/jimmunol.1201457 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 194KT UT WOS:000322632900044 PM 23851695 ER PT J AU Pegadaraju, V Nipper, R Hulke, B Qi, LL Schultz, Q AF Pegadaraju, Venkatramana Nipper, Rick Hulke, Brent Qi, Lili Schultz, Quentin TI De novo sequencing of sunflower genome for SNP discovery using RAD (Restriction site Associated DNA) approach SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); Restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; LINKAGE MAP; MOLECULAR MARKERS; WILD SUNFLOWERS; SSR MARKERS; TRANSCRIPTOME; METHYLATION; PLANTS AB Background: Application of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) marker technology as a tool in sunflower breeding programs offers enormous potential to improve sunflower genetics, and facilitate faster release of sunflower hybrids to the market place. Through a National Sunflower Association (NSA) funded initiative, we report on the process of SNP discovery through reductive genome sequencing and local assembly of six diverse sunflower inbred lines that represent oil as well as confection types. Results: A combination of Restriction site Associated DNA Sequencing (RAD-Seq) protocols and Illumina paired-end sequencing chemistry generated high quality 89.4 M paired end reads from the six lines which represent 5.3 GB of the sequencing data. Raw reads from the sunflower line, RHA 464 were assembled de novo to serve as a framework reference genome. About 15.2 Mb of sunflower genome distributed over 42,267 contigs were obtained upon assembly of RHA 464 sequencing data, the contig lengths ranged from 200 to 950 bp with an N-50 length of 393 bp. SNP calling was performed by aligning sequencing data from the six sunflower lines to the assembled reference RHA 464. On average, 1 SNP was located every 143 bp of the sunflower genome sequence. Based on several filtering criteria, a final set of 16,467 putative sequence variants with characteristics favorable for Illumina Infinium Genotyping Technology (IGT) were mined from the sequence data generated across six diverse sunflower lines. Conclusion: Here we report the molecular and computational methodology involved in SNP development for a complex genome like sunflower lacking reference assembly, offering an attractive tool for molecular breeding purposes in sunflower. C1 [Pegadaraju, Venkatramana; Schultz, Quentin] BioDiagnostics Inc, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Nipper, Rick] Floragenex Inc, Eugene, OR 97401 USA. [Hulke, Brent; Qi, Lili] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Pegadaraju, V (reprint author), BioDiagnostics Inc, 507 Highland Dr, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. EM peg_ven@yahoo.com FU National Sunflower Association FX This project was supported by the National Sunflower Association. The authors are grateful to Chondra Carlson, Robert Bialozynski, Mark Blackstad and Ruhi Rai for their technical support in the project. Authors would like to thank Nuseed Americas Inc. & USDA for providing CR29, Seeds 2000-B, and TX16R sunflower lines for the sequencing project. NR 60 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 8 U2 121 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 556 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-556 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 210NN UT WOS:000323840600001 PM 23947483 ER PT J AU Guo, RR Xu, XZ Carole, B Li, XQ Gao, M Zheng, Y Wang, XP AF Guo, Rongrong Xu, Xiaozhao Carole, Bassett Li, Xiaoqin Gao, Min Zheng, Yi Wang, Xiping TI Genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analysis of the aspartic protease gene superfamily in grape SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Synteny analysis; Phylogenetic analysis; Gene expression; Orthologous genes; Grape ID PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEINS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CELL-DEATH; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; FUNCTIONAL DIVERGENCE; DNA METHYLATION; SALICYLIC-ACID; VITIS-VINIFERA; ABSCISIC-ACID; CARDOSIN-B AB Background: Aspartic proteases (APs) are a large family of proteolytic enzymes found in almost all organisms. In plants, they are involved in many biological processes, such as senescence, stress responses, programmed cell death, and reproduction. Prior to the present study, no grape AP gene(s) had been reported, and their research on woody species was very limited. Results: In this study, a total of 50 AP genes (VvAP) were identified in the grape genome, among which 30 contained the complete ASP domain. Synteny analysis within grape indicated that segmental and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of the grape AP family. Additional analysis between grape and Arabidopsis demonstrated that several grape AP genes were found in the corresponding syntenic blocks of Arabidopsis, suggesting that these genes arose before the divergence of grape and Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic relationships of the 30 VvAPs with the complete ASP domain and their Arabidopsis orthologs, as well as their gene and protein features were analyzed and their cellular localization was predicted. Moreover, expression profiles of VvAP genes in six different tissues were determined, and their transcript abundance under various stresses and hormone treatments were measured. Twenty-seven VvAP genes were expressed in at least one of the six tissues examined; nineteen VvAPs responded to at least one abiotic stress, 12 VvAPs responded to powdery mildew infection, and most of the VvAPs responded to SA and ABA treatments. Furthermore, integrated synteny and phylogenetic analysis identified orthologous AP genes between grape and Arabidopsis, providing a unique starting point for investigating the function of grape AP genes. Conclusions: The genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analyses of grape AP genes provide a framework for future analysis of AP genes in defining their roles during stress response. Integrated synteny and phylogenetic analyses provide novel insight into the functions of less well-studied genes using information from their better understood orthologs. C1 [Guo, Rongrong; Xu, Xiaozhao; Li, Xiaoqin; Gao, Min; Zheng, Yi; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Guo, Rongrong; Xu, Xiaozhao; Li, Xiaoqin; Gao, Min; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol & Germplasm Innovat North, Minist Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Carole, Bassett] ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Wang, XP (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM wangxiping@nwsuaf.edu.cn OI Zheng, Yi/0000-0002-8042-7770 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31071782]; Ministry of Agriculture of China [2012-S12]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [QN2011056]; Program for Innovative Research Team of Grape Germplasm Resources and Breeding [2013KCT-25] FX The authors thank Dr. Zongrang Liu and Dr. Zhangjun Fei for critical revision of this manuscript. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31071782), 948 Project from Ministry of Agriculture of China (2012-S12), Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (QN2011056), as well as the Program for Innovative Research Team of Grape Germplasm Resources and Breeding (2013KCT-25). NR 94 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 55 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 554 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-554 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 204QL UT WOS:000323382900001 PM 23945092 ER PT J AU Vrentas, CE Greenlee, JJ Baron, T Caramelli, M Czub, S Nicholson, EM AF Vrentas, Catherine E. Greenlee, Justin J. Baron, Thierry Caramelli, Maria Czub, Stefanie Nicholson, Eric M. TI Stability properties of PrPSc from cattle with experimental transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: use of a rapid whole homogenate, protease-free assay SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; BSE; ELISA; Prion; PrP; Scrapie; Stability; Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; TSE ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY; PRION PROTEIN; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; SCRAPIE; STRAIN; IDENTIFICATION; BSE AB Background: Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs), including scrapie in sheep, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids, transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), are fatal diseases of the nervous system associated with accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc). Different strains of TSEs exist, associated with different PrPSc conformations that can be probed by the stability assay, in which PrPSc is treated with increasing concentrations of the denaturant guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl). Results: Here, we provide the first comprehensive application of a rapid, protease-free version of the GdnHCl stability assay to brain tissue from cattle experimentally infected with various TSE isolates. Consistent with previous findings from a single Japanese isolate, the L-type isolates of BSE are not distinguishable from classical BSE in this assay. In contrast, H-type isolates of BSE, including our unique isolate of E211K BSE, exhibit higher stability than classical BSE, suggesting that its increased protection against protease digestion at the BSE N-terminus is associated with a higher stability in GdnHCl. While the difference in stability in our version of the assay is likely not large enough for effective use in a diagnostic laboratory setting, the use of alternative experimental conditions may enhance this effect. TSEs from other natural host species that have been passaged in cattle, including CWD and TME, were not distinguishable from classical BSE, while isolates of cattle passaged scrapie exhibited a slight increase in stability as compared to classical BSE. Conclusions: These results suggest that the core of PrPSc, as probed in this assay, has similar stability properties among cattle-passaged TSE isolates and that the conformational differences that lead to changes in the proteinase K cleavage site do not cause large changes in the stability of PrPSc from TSE-affected cattle. However, the stability differences observed here will provide a basis of comparison for new isolates of atypical BSE observed in the future and in other geographic locations, especially in the case of H-type BSE. C1 [Vrentas, Catherine E.; Greenlee, Justin J.; Nicholson, Eric M.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Baron, Thierry] Agence Natl Securite Sanit Anses Lyon, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. [Caramelli, Maria] Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Piemonte Liguria &, I-10154 Turin, Italy. [Czub, Stefanie] Natl & OIE Reference Labs BSE NCAD CFIA, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. RP Nicholson, EM (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 1920 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM eric.nicholson@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 9 AR 167 DI 10.1186/1746-6148-9-167 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 201SR UT WOS:000323163800001 PM 23945217 ER PT J AU Sohn, HR Bae, JH Hou, CT Kim, HR AF Sohn, Hye-Ran Bae, Jae-Han Hou, Ching T. Kim, Hak-Ryul TI Antibacterial activity of a 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid against plant pathogenic bacteria SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antibacterial activity; Bioconversion; 7,10-Dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid; Plant pathogenic bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Vegetable oil ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA PR3; RICE BLAST DISEASE; FATTY-ACIDS AB 7,10-Dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD), one of hydroxy fatty acids, was successfully produced from oleic acid and natural vegetable oils containing oleic acid by a bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PR3). However, biological properties of DOD remained unknown so far. In this study, as a trial to determine the biological properties of DOD molecule, antibacterial activities of DOD against plant pathogenic bacteria were determined qualitatively and quantitatively. DOD presented strong antibacterial activities against all the bacterial strains tested with MIC value being in the range of 125-1000 mu g/ml and there was no sensitivity preference detected between Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sohn, Hye-Ran; Bae, Jae-Han; Kim, Hak-Ryul] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Hou, Ching T.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Kim, HR (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. EM hakrkim@knu.ac.kr FU Korea Research Foundation (KRF); Korea government (MEST) [2009-0068777]; Kyungpook National University FX This work was supported by the Korea Research Foundation (KRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2009-0068777) and by Kyungpook National University Research Fund, 2012. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-0229 J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH JI Enzyme Microb. Technol. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 53 IS 3 SI SI BP 152 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2013.02.009 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 194BS UT WOS:000322606600004 PM 23830454 ER PT J AU Portacci, K Miller, RS Riggs, PD Buhnerkempe, MG Abrahamsen, LM AF Portacci, Katie Miller, Ryan S. Riggs, Philip D. Buhnerkempe, Michael G. Abrahamsen, Lauren M. TI Assessment of paper interstate certificates of veterinary inspection used to support disease tracing in cattle SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID MOUTH-DISEASE; EPIDEMIC; OUTBREAK; IDENTIFICATION; TRACEABILITY; SYSTEMS; CANADA; COSTS AB Objective-To evaluate the differences among each state's Interstate Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (ICVI) form and the legibility of data on paper ICVIs used to support disease tracing in cattle. Design-Descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study. Sample-Examples of ICVIs from 50 states and 7,630 randomly sampled completed paper ICVIs for cattle from 48 states. Procedures-Differences among paper ICVI forms from all 50 states were determined. Sixteen data elements were selected for further evaluation of their value in tracing cattle. Completed paper ICVIs for interstate cattle exports in 2009 were collected from 48 states. Each of the 16 data elements was recorded as legible, absent, or illegible on forms completed by accredited veterinarians, and results were summarized by state. Mean values for legibility at the state level were used to estimate legibility of data at the national level. Results-ICVIs were inconsistent among states in regard to data elements requested and availability of legible records. A mean +/- SD of 70.0 +/- 22.1% of ICVIs in each state had legible origin address information. Legible destination address information was less common, with 55.0 +/- 21.4% of records complete. Incomplete address information was most often a result of the field having been left blank. Official animal identification was present on 33.1% of ICVIs. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The inconsistency among state ICVI forms and quality of information provided on paper ICVIs could lead to delays and the need for additional resources to trace cattle, which could result in continued spread of disease. Standardized ICVIs among states and more thorough recording of information by accredited veterinarians or expanded usage of electronic ICVIs could enhance traceability of cattle during an outbreak. C1 [Portacci, Katie; Miller, Ryan S.; Riggs, Philip D.; Abrahamsen, Lauren M.] USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Buhnerkempe, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Coll Nat Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Portacci, K (reprint author), USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM katie.portacci@aphis.usda.gov OI Miller, Ryan/0000-0003-3892-0251 FU USDA [11-9208-0269-CA, 09-9208-0235-CA] FX Supported by USDA cooperative agreements 11-9208-0269-CA and 09-9208-0235-CA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 243 IS 4 BP 555 EP 560 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 198OT UT WOS:000322932900018 PM 23902450 ER PT J AU Choi, MY Estep, A Sanscrainte, N Becnel, J Meer, RKV AF Choi, Man-Yeon Estep, Alden Sanscrainte, Neil Becnel, James Meer, Robert K. Vander TI Identification and expression of PBAN/diapause hormone and GPCRs from Aedes aegypti SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PBAN; Diapause hormone; Neuropeptide; Receptor; GPCR; Aedes aegypti ID BIOSYNTHESIS-ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; HELICOVERPA-ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; SARCOPHAGA-BULLATA LARVAE; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PHEROMONE BIOSYNTHESIS; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; DIAPAUSE HORMONE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CLEAVAGE SITES AB Neuropeptides control various physiological functions and constitute more than 90% of insect hormones. The pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN)/pyrokinin family is a major group of insect neuropeptides and is well conserved in Insecta. This family of peptides has at least two closely related G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activated by PBAN and a diapause hormone (DH). They have been shown to control several biological activities including pheromone production and diapause induction in moths. However, beyond some moth species, the biological function(s) of PBAN/pyrokinin peptides are largely unknown although these peptides are found in all insects. In this study we identified and characterized PBAN/pyrokinin peptides and corresponding GPCRs from the mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Ae. aegypti PBAN mRNA encodes four putative peptides including PBAN and DH, and is expressed in females and males during all life stages. The PBAN receptor (PBAN-R) and the DH receptor (DH-R) were functionally expressed and confirmed through binding assays with PBAN and DH peptides. These receptors are differentially expressed from eggs to adults with the relative gene expression of the PBAN-R significantly lower during the 4th instar larval (L4) and pupal (P1-P2) stages compared to the 2nd and 3rd instar larval stages (L2 and L3). However, DH-R expression level is consistently 4-10 times higher than the PBAN-R in the same period, suggesting that PBAN-R is downregulated in the late larval and pupal stages, whereas DH-R stays upregulated throughout all developmental stages. PBAN/pyrokinin mRNA expression remains high in all stages since it produces PBAN and DH peptides. This study provides the foundation for determining the function(s) of the PBAN/pyrokinin peptides in mosquitoes and establishes data critical to the development of methods for disruption of these hormone actions as a novel strategy for mosquito control. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Choi, Man-Yeon; Estep, Alden; Sanscrainte, Neil; Becnel, James; Meer, Robert K. Vander] USDA ARS, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Estep, Alden] Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Choi, MY (reprint author), USDA ARS, CMAVE, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM mychoi@ars.usda.gov OI Choi, Man-Yeon/0000-0003-0769-380X NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0303-7207 J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 375 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.mce.2013.05.019 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 186OS UT WOS:000322054600014 PM 23727337 ER PT J AU Houborg, R Cescatti, A Migliavacca, M Kustas, WP AF Houborg, Rasmus Cescatti, Alessandro Migliavacca, Mirco Kustas, W. P. TI Satellite retrievals of leaf chlorophyll and photosynthetic capacity for improved modeling of GPP SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon flux; Leaf chlorophyll; CLM; Photosynthetic capacity; Remote sensing; GPP; Landsat ID NITROGEN-USE EFFICIENCY; LIGHT-USE-EFFICIENCY; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; VEGETATION INDEXES; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; TEMPERATURE RESPONSE; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT AB This study investigates the utility of in situ and satellite-based leaf chlorophyll (Chl) estimates for quantifying leaf photosynthetic capacity and for constraining model simulations of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) over a corn field in Maryland, U.S.A. The maximum rate of carboxylation (V-max) represents a key control on leaf photosynthesis within the widely employed C-3 and C-4 photosynthesis models proposed by Farquhar et al. (1980) and Collatz et al. (1992), respectively. A semi-mechanistic relationship between V-max(5) (V-max normalized to 25 degrees C) and Chl is derived based on interlinkages between V-max(25), Rubisco enzyme kinetics, leaf nitrogen, and Chl reported in the experimental literature. The resulting linear V-max(25) - Chl relationship is embedded within the photosynthesis scheme of the Community Land Model (CLM), thereby bypassing the use of fixed plant functional type (PFT) specific V-max(25) values. The effect of the updated parameterization on simulated carbon fluxes is tested over a corn field growing season using: (1) a detailed Chl time-series established on the basis of intensive field measurements and (2) Chl estimates derived from Landsat imagery using the REGularized canopy reFLECtance (REGFLEC) tool. Validations against flux tower observations demonstrate benefit of using Chl to parameterize V-max(25) to account for variations in nitrogen availability imposed by severe environmental conditions. The use of V-max(25) that varied seasonally as a function of satellite-based Chl, rather than a fixed PFT-specific value, significantly improved the agreement with observed tower fluxes with Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) increasing from 0.88 to 0.93 and the root-mean-square-deviation decreasing from 4.77 to 3.48 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). The results support the use of Chl as a proxy for photosynthetic capacity using generalized relationships between V-max(25) and Chl, and advocate the potential of satellite retrieved Chl for constraining simulations of GPP in space and time. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Houborg, Rasmus] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Water Desalinat & Reuse Ctr, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia. [Kustas, W. P.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Cescatti, Alessandro; Migliavacca, Mirco] Commiss European Communities, JRC, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Ispra, Italy. RP Houborg, R (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Water Desalinat & Reuse Ctr, Al Jazri Bldg, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia. EM rasmus.houborg@kaust.edu.sa RI Kustas, William/C-2063-2015 FU European Union [282910] FX This research was supported by the European Union project FP7-ECLAIRE (282910). The authors would like to thank the logistical support in operating and maintaining the OPE3 site as well as data collection and archiving efforts of Dr. Timothy Gish of the USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Lab. The micrometeorological tower data were made available through the efforts of remote sensing specialist Mr. Andrew Russ of the Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory and Dr. John Prueger from the USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment in Ames Iowa. NR 91 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 7 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 177 BP 10 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.04.006 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 173OB UT WOS:000321087700002 ER PT J AU Holland, S Heitman, JL Howard, A Sauer, TJ Giese, W Ben-Gal, A Agam, N Kool, D Havlin, J AF Holland, S. Heitman, J. L. Howard, A. Sauer, T. J. Giese, W. Ben-Gal, A. Agam, N. Kool, D. Havlin, J. TI Micro-Bowen ratio system for measuring evapotranspiration in a vineyard interrow SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Evapotranspiration; Energy balance; Partitioning; Sparse canopy; Water use ID VITIS-VINIFERA L.; CROP WATER-USE; ENERGY-BALANCE; COVER CROP; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; EDDY-COVARIANCE; LATENT-HEAT; AIR-FLOW; SAP-FLOW AB Sparse canopy systems such as vineyards are comprised of multiple components (e.g., vines, interrow soil and/or groundcover) that each contribute to system water and energy balance. Understanding component water and energy fluxes is critical for informing management decisions aimed at improving productivity and water use efficiency. Few methods are available to accurately and continuously measure component fluxes. We tested a novel micro-Bowen ratio (MBR) energy balance system for determining interrow evapotranspiration (ET) flux within a vineyard. Our objectives were to develop MBR methodology to measure ET flux from the vineyard interrow and to compare MBR ET measurements for bare soil and fescue interrow conditions to independent ET estimates. MBR methodology utilized measurement of air temperature and water vapor concentration at 1 and 6 cm heights within 2.7 in wide interrows. Measured ET rates were well correlated between MBR systems and micro-lysimeters for both fescue (R-2 = 0.99) and bare surface (R-2 = 0.89) interrow conditions, though MBR ET rates were larger than those determined from micro-lysimeters in both cases (20 and 60%, respectively). MBR daily ET estimates, determined by compositing measurements from fescue interrows and bare soil under vines, were also well correlated to (R-2 = 0.70) and of similar magnitude as vineyard eddy covariance ET measurements during periods when the vines were dormant. Overall, MBR systems appeared to provide a reasonable approach to determine ET for the interrow component within the vineyard. Similar methodology may be useful to better understand components' contributions to water and energy fluxes in other complex or sparse canopy systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Holland, S.; Heitman, J. L.; Howard, A.; Havlin, J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sauer, T. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Giese, W.] Shelton Vineyards, Dobson, NC 27017 USA. [Ben-Gal, A.] ARO Gilat Res Ctr, IL-85280 Negev, Israel. [Agam, N.; Kool, D.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, French Associates Inst Agr & Biotechnol Drylands, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. RP Heitman, JL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jlheitman@ncsu.edu RI Kool, Dilia/F-8273-2015; OI Kool, Dilia/0000-0002-8332-1429; Agam, Nurit/0000-0002-8921-6179 FU Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [BARD US-4262-09] FX This study was supported by the Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD US-4262-09). The authors thank Shelton Vineyards for providing the vineyard study site and assisting with site maintenance. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 177 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.04.009 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 173OB UT WOS:000321087700009 ER PT J AU Olivas, PC Oberbauer, SF Clark, DB Clark, DA Ryan, MG O'Brien, JJ Ordonez, H AF Olivas, Paulo C. Oberbauer, Steven F. Clark, David B. Clark, Deborah A. Ryan, Michael G. O'Brien, Joseph J. Ordonez, Harlyn TI Comparison of direct and indirect methods for assessing leaf area index across a tropical rain forest landscape SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE La Selva Biological Station; Hemispherical photography; LAI-2000; Leaf area index; Plant area index; Wood area index ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; CANOPY STRUCTURE; HEMISPHERICAL PHOTOGRAPHY; COSTA-RICA; LAI; BIOMASS; LIGHT; PRODUCTIVITY; ARCHITECTURE; CALIBRATION AB Many functional properties of forests depend on the leaf area; however, measuring leaf area is not trivial in tall evergreen vegetation. As a result, leaf area is generally estimated indirectly by light absorption methods. These indirect methods are widely used, but have never been calibrated against direct measurements in tropical rain forests, either at point or landscape scales. Here, we compare direct harvest leaf area index (LAI) measurements taken across an old-growth tropical rain forest landscape with data from two indirect methods, digital hemispherical photography and the LI-COR LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer. Direct measurements of leaf area were done by collecting all leaf material within an area of 4.6 m(2), extending from the forest floor to the top of the canopy using a portable aluminum scaffolding tower. The tower was erected at 45 locations following a stratified random design. Mean direct-harvest LAI above 1 m was 5.5 +/- 03 SE. Plant area index (PAI, leaves + wood) was 5.1 +/- 0.2 for the LAI-2000, and for the hemispherical photographs was 3.9 +/- 0.2, analyzed using Gap Light Analyzer (CIA), and 4.9-6.0 +/- 0.2 using WinSCANOPY software. Correction for leaf clumping (non-random distribution of leaves) generally improved LAI estimates of the hemispherical photographs. At the local scale, direct-harvest LAI was not significantly correlated with LAI estimates for either indirect method. However, correlations between direct-harvest LAI and both indirect methods along vertical canopy transects from forest floor to the canopy top were significant. Relationships between harvest LAI and canopy closure (from which indirect LAI values are derived) showed very small changes in closure with large changes in LAI at LAI values >6, indicating that the estimations of LAI using canopy closure values were reaching an asymptote. As a result, at high canopy closure indirect LAI is underestimated. Overall, the LAI-2000 performed better than hemispherical photography for estimating direct-harvest LAI at landscapes scales. However, with corrections for leaf clumping, hemispherical photography can be effective for estimating and characterizing landscape level LAI of tropical rain forest. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Olivas, Paulo C.; Oberbauer, Steven F.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Olivas, Paulo C.; Oberbauer, Steven F.] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Clark, David B.; Clark, Deborah A.] Univ Missouri, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [O'Brien, Joseph J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ordonez, Harlyn] La Selva Biol Stn, Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, Costa Rica. RP Olivas, PC (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM paulo.olivas@fiu.edu RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 FU NSF [ATM-0223284, BCE-0421178] FX This work is based in part on support from NSF ATM-0223284 and BCE-0421178. This work would never have been completed without the herculean efforts of Enoch Astua, Roy Blanco, Carlos Herra, Elias Herra, Juan Miranda, and Vinicio Paniagua. We also thank the staff of Organization for Tropical Studies at the La Selva Biological Station for logistical support. Leonel Campos and William Miranda conducted the initial tower site survey and Antonio Trabucco assisted with the site stratification using GIS. We also thank the editor and reviewers for their contribution to the improvement of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 69 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 177 BP 110 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.04.010 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 173OB UT WOS:000321087700011 ER PT J AU Baker, SC Spies, TA Wardlaw, TJ Balmer, J Franklin, JF Jordan, GJ AF Baker, Susan C. Spies, Thomas A. Wardlaw, Timothy J. Balmer, Jayne Franklin, Jerry F. Jordan, Gregory J. TI The harvested side of edges: Effect of retained forests on the re-establishment of biodiversity in adjacent harvested areas SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Forest influence; Edge effects; Variable retention; Clearcutting; Dispersal; Re-colonisation; Natural disturbance ID GREEN-TREE RETENTION; SHORT-TERM RESPONSES; ALTERNATIVE SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS; SAPROXYLIC BEETLE ASSEMBLAGES; TASMANIAS WET FORESTS; DOUGLAS-FIR SEEDLINGS; SUB-ALPINE FOREST; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; VARIABLE-RETENTION; BOREAL FOREST AB Most silvicultural methods have been developed with the principal aim of ensuring adequate regeneration of commercial tree species after harvesting. Much less effort has been directed towards developing methods that benefit the re-establishment of all forest biodiversity. The concept of 'forest influence' relates the probability of species re-establishment to the distance from mature forest. This idea is central to contemporary retention forestry practices as well as connectivity theory in natural landscape management. Some species from all major forest biodiversity groups respond to forest influence following harvesting, however, the temporal and spatial scales of forest influence are mostly poorly known. This paper reviews global knowledge of mechanisms and scales at which forest influence operates, and shows that these are highly variable. Important general factors and mechanisms that underlie the ability of organisms to re-establish include qualities of retained elements, dispersal capacity, suitability of habitat conditions, and interspecific interactions, all of which may vary with distance from intact mature forest. Forest influence may enable species to persist in harvested areas through buffering of microclimate, and/or assist re-colonisation via proximity to source populations or essential habitat elements. Although foresters have often applied a "rule of thumb" that the extent of forest influence is within one tree height of mature forest, existing scientific literature provides little evidence of a universal relationship between canopy height of retained forest and re-establishment success. One-tree-height-from-retention guidelines can help plan harvest layouts, but only as long as plans allow for variation in re-establishment success among species and groups. The evidence from this review is that variability in harvest layouts will positively benefit biodiversity conservation in managed forest landscapes. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Baker, Susan C.; Jordan, Gregory J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Plant Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Spies, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wardlaw, Timothy J.] Forestry Tasmania, Div Res & Dev, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Balmer, Jayne] Univ Tasmania, Sch Geog & Environm Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Franklin, Jerry F.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Baker, SC (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Sch Plant Sci, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. EM sue.baker@forestrytas.com.au; tspies@fs.fed.us; tim.wardlaw@forestrytas.com.au; jbalmer@utas.edu.au; jff@u.washington.edu; greg.jordan@utas.edu.au OI Jordan, Greg/0000-0002-6033-2766 FU ARC [LP100100050]; Forestry Tasmania; Forests and Forest Industries Council; World Forest Institute FX We wish to thank numerous forest ecologists from around the world for email discussions and suggestions for relevant literature. In particular Bill Beese played a critical role in bringing our attention to the ecological importance of forest influence, and how it could be factored into harvest planning. We also acknowledge staff at Forestry Tasmania involved with policy development to encourage forest influence at harvest. Journal referees including Karen Harper provided detailed and thoughtful comments which considerably improved the manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by ARC linkage grant LP100100050 with support from Forestry Tasmania and the Forests and Forest Industries Council. A World Forest Institute fellowship supported SCB in Portland during part of the project. Robyn Scott produced Figs. 1 and 4. NR 158 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 7 U2 111 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 302 BP 107 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.024 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 168XN UT WOS:000320741300012 ER PT J AU Johnsen, KH Samuelson, LJ Sanchez, FG Eaton, RJ AF Johnsen, Kurt H. Samuelson, Lisa J. Sanchez, Felipe G. Eaton, Robert J. TI Soil carbon and nitrogen content and stabilization in mid-rotation, intensively managed sweetgum and loblolly pine stands SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil C; Soil N; Stabilization; forest productivity; Loblolly pine; Sweetgum ID SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; BELOW-GROUND CARBON; TAEDA L. STANDS; ORGANIC-MATTER; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; PHYSICAL PROTECTION; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; WOOD PRODUCTS; ROOT AB Intensive forestry has resulted in considerable increases in aboveground stand productivity including foliar and belowground biomass which are the primary sources of soil organic matter. Soil organic matter is important for the maintenance of soil physical, chemical and biological quality. Additionally, sequestering carbon (C) in soils may provide a means of mitigating increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. In this study, we examined soil C and nitrogen (N) contents and stabilization in 12-year-old, intensively managed sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands. The treatments examined include: (1) complete weed control; (2) weed control plus drip irrigation; (3) weed control plus drip irrigation and fertigation; and (4) (pine only) weed control plus irrigation, fertigation, and pest control. C and N stabilization was analyzed sequentially by fractionating the soil samples into six fractions using solutions of increasing density. These fractions represented increasingly stable organic matter pools. There was a trend towards increasing C and N contents with increasing management intensity that increase stand productivity; however, these differences were only significant for soil C content in sweetgum. Across all the sweetgum plots, soil C content generally increased with basal area (BA); no such relationship was found in loblolly pine although its BA was equal or higher than that of sweetgum. Generally, across all depths most C was found in the two lightest and in the heaviest fractions. These results suggest that changes to soil C due to increased forest management intensity which increases forest productivity, when they did occur, mostly did not change the percentages of C among soil density fractions over the 12 years of the experiment suggesting minimal inputs of recalcitrant C into the soil; however, even these transient changes may be still be important if intensive management is maintained over subsequent rotations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Johnsen, Kurt H.; Eaton, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Samuelson, Lisa J.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Sanchez, Felipe G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Johnsen, KH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kjohnsen@fs.fed.us NR 65 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 302 BP 144 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.016 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 168XN UT WOS:000320741300015 ER PT J AU Fenn, ME Ross, CS Schilling, SL Baccus, WD Larrabee, MA Lofgren, RA AF Fenn, Mark E. Ross, Christopher S. Schilling, Susan L. Baccus, William D. Larrabee, Michael A. Lofgren, Rebecca A. TI Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur and preferential canopy consumption of nitrate in forests of the Pacific Northwest, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen deposition; Pacific Northwest forests; Canopy uptake; Throughfall; Passive monitoring; Ion exchange resin collectors ID CLAIR WATERSHED DUCHESNAY; SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; WET DEPOSITION; REACTIVE NITROGEN; WESTERN OREGON; CRITICAL LOADS; RED SPRUCE; INORGANIC NITROGEN; EPIPHYTIC LICHENS; FOLIAR RETENTION AB Wet, dry and throughfall deposition of N and S were measured for 2 years in three national parks in Washington State: Olympic, Mount Rainier, and North Cascades. Throughfall was measured using ion exchange resin (IER) collectors. A major objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of IER throughfall measurements for monitoring deposition inputs, including cloudwater deposition, to forest stands in national parks and other protected areas. Wet deposition (0.9-2.0 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) and through-fall (0.5-1.2 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) deposition of inorganic N in the three parks were relatively low. Wet deposition of sulfur (1.0-3.2 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)) was similar to wet deposition of inorganic nitrogen except at OLYM where wet deposition of S was higher than for N because of marine sources of SO4-S. Throughfall N deposition was lower than wet deposition of N because of strong preferential canopy consumption of nitrate (NO3-N), particularly during the wet winter periods. This phenomenon was previously reported for forests in this region, but its apparent near ubiquity in the region had not been recognized. Data on preferential canopy retention of NO3-N from wet-deposited N is shown for 38 stands in the Pacific Northwest of which 21 are newly-reported data. Deposition of NO3-N in throughfall at MORA and NOCA was reduced by 87% and 93% compared to wet deposition over the 2 years. In contrast, wet deposition of NH4-N was generally increased by passage through the canopy. This strong preferential canopy retention of wet-deposited NO3-N limits the usefulness of throughfall measurements as a N deposition monitoring approach in forests of the Pacific Northwest region of North America and in some other regions with low to moderate N deposition. As a potential remedy to this limitation, a simple method is proposed for estimating total N deposition in the study sites based on S/N ratios in wet deposition and throughfall S deposition. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fenn, Mark E.; Ross, Christopher S.; Schilling, Susan L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Baccus, William D.] Natl Pk Serv, North Coast & Cascades Network, Port Angeles, WA 98362 USA. [Larrabee, Michael A.] Natl Pk Serv, North Coast & Cascades Network, Sedro Woolley, WA 98284 USA. [Lofgren, Rebecca A.] Natl Pk Serv, North Coast & Cascades Network, Ashford, WA 98304 USA. RP Fenn, ME (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM mfenn@fs.fed.us; csross@fs.fed.us; sschilling@fs.fed.us; bill_baccus@nps.gov; Mike_Larrabee@nps.gov; Rebecca_A_Lofgren@nps.gov FU National Park Service (NPS) [F2350095511] FX This study was funded in part by a grant from the National Park Service (NPS Interagency Agreement No. F2350095511). The support and encouragement of Kristi Morris, of the NPS, Air Resources Division is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank Timothy Blubaugh for assembling the throughfall collectors and assisting in the installation of the collectors at the field sites and Bob Johnson for collating the CMAQN and S deposition data for the three study sites. NR 75 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 302 BP 240 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.042 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 168XN UT WOS:000320741300026 ER PT J AU Peterson, CJ Krueger, LM Royo, AA Stark, S Carson, WP AF Peterson, Chris J. Krueger, Lisa M. Royo, Alejandro A. Stark, Scott Carson, Walter P. TI Disturbance size and severity covary in small and mid-size wind disturbances in Pennsylvania northern hardwoods forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Disturbance; Windthrow; Gaps; Northern hardwoods; Light; Size ID OLD-GROWTH FOREST; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; CATASTROPHIC WIND; INFREQUENT DISTURBANCES; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; COMPARING LARGE; PUERTO-RICO; RECOVERY; GAP; WINDTHROW AB Do large disturbances differ from small ones in characteristics other than size? The importance of disturbances in forest dynamics is unquestioned, and the size of the disturbed area (size of gap) is the most common way of differentiating disturbances. But few studies have examined other disturbance characteristics to see if small and large disturbances are different. In northern hardwoods forests of northwestern Pennsylvania, a 2003 windstorm event created windthrow gaps ranging in size from 0.1 ha to >100 ha, allowing comparisons across a broad size spectrum, yet with similar species composition, soils, climate, and topography. We selected 17 gaps, ranging in size from 0.05 to 4.0 ha, to compare damage characteristics across a size spectrum. Disturbance severity (both proportion of trees fallen, and proportion of basal area fallen) increased significantly with gap size. Similarity in floristic composition between pre- and post-disturbance stands, decreased with increasing gap size. Larger gaps also caused greater reduction in mean size (diameter) of remaining trees. As expected, larger gaps resulted in greater canopy openness, but canopy openness was significantly influenced by both gap size and severity of canopy disturbance. These findings demonstrate that disturbance size and severity covary in northern hardwood windthrow gaps. Moreover, because of nonrandom impacts across species and size classes, immediate changes in size structure and composition of affected stands were greater in larger gaps. Managers seeking to implement disturbance-based management can use these findings to more closely mimic natural damage effects during harvest operations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Peterson, Chris J.; Krueger, Lisa M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Royo, Alejandro A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. [Carson, Walter P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Stark, Scott] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Peterson, CJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM chris@plantbio.uga.edu FU USDA Forest Service Forestry Sciences Laboratory in Irvine, PA FX We thank Ernie Wiltsie, Harry Steele, Von Brown, Lance Meyen, Judd Piemme, Ted Salk, and Bryan Beeh for contributing mightily via field sampling. The USDA Forest Service Forestry Sciences Laboratory in Irvine, PA provided financial support for the 2004 damage inventories. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 302 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.045 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 168XN UT WOS:000320741300029 ER PT J AU Kosiba, AM Schaberg, PG Hawley, GJ Hansen, CF AF Kosiba, Alexandra M. Schaberg, Paul G. Hawley, Gary J. Hansen, Christopher F. TI Quantifying the legacy of foliar winter injury on woody aboveground carbon sequestration of red spruce trees SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Picea rubens; Freezing injury; Basal area increment; Growth declines and rebounds; Elevation ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PICEA-RUBENS; GREEN MOUNTAINS; GROWTH DECLINE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PATTERNS; VERMONT; INCREMENT; FORESTS; CLIMATE AB Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) decline has been quantitatively attributed to foliar winter injury caused by freezing damage. The results of this injury include foliar mortality, crown deterioration, and negative carbon (C) balances that can lead to tree health declines and eventual mortality. In 2003, a severe region-wide event damaged over 90% of red spruce in the northeastern United States (US). We assessed the influence of the 2003 winter injury event on long-term growth and C sequestration of red spruce trees by measuring the xylem growth (basal area increment) in forest stands in Vermont (VT), New Hampshire (NH), and Massachusetts (MA) where winter injury was quantified in 2003. Although previous work reported 2 years of significant linear relationships between winter injury and growth declines, here we show that growth declines relative to pre-injury (average for 2001 and 2002) growth persisted for an additional (third) year. Using 3 years of significantly reduced growth, we estimated that the 2003 winter injury event reduced the regional C sequestration of red spruce trees >17.78 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) by about 673,000 metric tons (t) of C (approximately 2,465,000 t of CO2) - approximately 70% larger than the previous estimate. Because winter injury in 2003 was positively and significantly related to plot elevation, we also examined relative changes in red spruce growth for three elevation groups: low (<765 m), mid- (765-920 m) and high (>920 m). Relative growth was below pre-injury levels and significantly less for high compared to low elevation groups from 2003 to 2006, after which growth between these groups was indistinguishable through 2010. In 2007, and continuing through 2010, trees in mid-elevation plots exhibited significantly higher growth relative to pre-winter injury levels. Eight years after the winter injury event, mid-elevation plots had significantly higher net growth than high elevation plots and had rebounded from growth declines following the 2003 winter injury event. As of 2010, trees in the high elevation plots continued to show net C reductions - an enduring legacy of the 2003 winter injury event. The long-lasting reductions in growth subsequent to the 2003 winter injury event were followed by an unprecedented upsurge of growth in recent years, particularly in 2009 and 2010 at mid-elevation plots. This growth increase could reflect the dominance and established ecological niche of red spruce at these elevations, but it could also be influenced by more moderate temperature trends during fall through spring in recent years. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kosiba, Alexandra M.; Hawley, Gary J.; Hansen, Christopher F.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Kosiba, AM (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM akosiba@uvm.edu FU Northeastern States Research Cooperative; USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program at UVM; USDA Forest Service FX We thank Drs. Shelly Rayback (University of Vermont), Jennifer Pontius (University of Vermont, USDA Forest Service), Paul Hennon (USDA Forest Service), Timothy Fahey (Cornell University), John Battles (University of California, Berkeley), Kevin Smith (USDA Forest Service), and four anonymous reviewers for their valuable input. We also thank Dr. Joshua Halman, Eric Niebylski, Nick Huntington, Luke Ingram, and Emily Russell-Roy for their assistance the field, Paula Murakami (USDA Forest Service) for manuscript edits, and Randall Morin (USDA Forest Service) for help with FIA data. Additionally, we are grateful to Dr. Brian Keel (Green Mountain National Forest), Michael Johnson (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources), Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest personnel, Pete Zimmerman, Betsey Pratt, The Dartmouth Outing Club, The Carthusian Foundation, Mt. Greylock State Reservation, Killington/Pico Ski Resort, and Sugarbush Ski Resort for permission to access field sites. This research was supported by funds provided by the Northeastern States Research Cooperative, the USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program at UVM, and the USDA Forest Service. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 302 BP 363 EP 371 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.006 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 168XN UT WOS:000320741300038 ER PT J AU Jacques, PF Lyass, A Massaro, JM Vasan, RS D'Agostino, RB AF Jacques, Paul F. Lyass, Asya Massaro, Joseph M. Vasan, Ramachandran S. D'Agostino, Ralph B., Sr. TI Relationship of lycopene intake and consumption of tomato products to incident CVD SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Lycopene; CVD; CHD; Stroke ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PLASMA CAROTENOID CONCENTRATIONS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DIETARY-INTAKE; RISK FACTOR; STROKE; COHORT AB Evidence for cardioprotective effects of lycopene is inconsistent. Studies of circulating lycopene generally report inverse associations with CVD risk, but studies based on lycopene intake do not. The failure of dietary studies to support the findings based on biomarkers may be due in part to misclassification of lycopene intakes. To address this potential misclassification, we used repeated measures of intake obtained over 10 years to characterise the relationship between lycopene intake and the incidence of CVD (n 314), CHD (n 171) and stroke (n 99) in the Framingham Offspring Study. Hazard ratios (HR) for incident outcomes were derived from Cox proportional hazards regression models using logarithmically transformed lycopene intake adjusted for CVD risk factors and correlates of lycopene intake. HR were interpreted as the increased risk for a 2.7-fold difference in lycopene intake, a difference approximately equal to its interquartile range. Using an average of three intake measures with a 9-year follow-up, lycopene intake was inversely associated with CVD incidence (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70, 0.98). Using an average of two intake measures and 11 years of follow-up, lycopene intake was inversely associated with CHD incidence (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.58, 0.94). Lycopene intake was unrelated to stroke incidence. The present study of lycopene intake and CVD provides supporting evidence for an inverse association between lycopene and CVD risk; however, additional research is needed to determine whether lycopene or other components of tomatoes, the major dietary source of lycopene, are responsible for the observed association. C1 [Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lyass, Asya; Vasan, Ramachandran S.; D'Agostino, Ralph B., Sr.] NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Lyass, Asya; D'Agostino, Ralph B., Sr.] Boston Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Math & Stat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Massaro, Joseph M.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Vasan, Ramachandran S.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Jacques, PF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM paul.jacques@tufts.edu OI Massaro, Joseph/0000-0002-2682-4812; Ramachandran, Vasan/0000-0001-7357-5970 FU European Union LYCOCARD Project through the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Free State of Thuringia, Germany [B514-09057]; National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-25,195]; United States Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX This study was supported by the European Union LYCOCARD Project through grant no. B514-09057 from the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Free State of Thuringia, Germany, and by the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (contract N01-HC-25,195) and the United States Department of Agriculture (agreement no. 58-1950-7-707). None of the authors has a conflict of interest to declare. The authors' contributions were as follows: P. F. J., R. S. V. and R. B. D'A. contributed to the study design; J. M. M. provided the statistical guidance; A. L. performed the statistical analyses; P. F. J. drafted the manuscript; P. F. J., R. S. V., R. B. D'A., J. M. M. and A. L. contributed to the interpretation of the results and the editing of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 16 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD AUG 14 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 3 BP 545 EP 551 DI 10.1017/S0007114512005417 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 189OO UT WOS:000322276800019 PM 23317928 ER PT J AU Uchimiya, M Bannon, DI AF Uchimiya, Minori Bannon, Desmond I. TI Solubility of Lead and Copper in Biochar-Amended Small Arms Range Soils: Influence of Soil Organic Carbon and pH SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE surface complexation; remediation; agricultural waste; thermochemical conversion; biomass ID PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; BIOMASS; IMMOBILIZATION; RETENTION; CHARCOAL; DESORPTION; TRANSPORT; MOBILITY; BEHAVIOR AB Biochar is often considered a strong heavy metal stabilizing agent. However, biochar in some cases had no effects on, or increased the soluble concentrations of, heavy metals in soil. The objective of this study was to determine the factors causing some biochars to stabilize and others to dissolve heavy metals in soil. Seven small arms range soils with known total organic carbon (TOC), cation exchange capacity, pH, and total Pb and Cu contents were first screened for soluble Pb and Cu concentrations. Over 2 weeks successive equilibrations using weak acid (pH 4.5 sulfuric acid) and acetate buffer (0.1 M at pH 4.9), Alaska soil containing disproportionately high (31.6%) TOC had nearly 100% residual (insoluble) Pb and Cu. This soil was then compared with sandy soils from Maryland containing significantly lower (0.5-2.0%) TOC in the presence of 10 wt 96 (i) plant biochar activated to increase the surface-bound carboxyl and phosphate ligands (PS450A), (ii) manure biochar enriched with soluble P (BL700), and (iii) unactivated plant biochars produced at 350 degrees C (CH350) and 700 degrees C (CH500) and by flash carbonization (corn). In weak acid, the pH was set by soil and biochar, and the biochars increasingly stabilized Pb with repeated extractions. In pH 4.9 acetate buffer, PS450A and BL700 stabilized Pb, and only PS450A stabilized Cu. Surface ligands of PS450A likely complexed and stabilized Pb and Cu even under acidic pH in the presence of competing acetate ligand. Oppositely, unactivated plant biochars (CH350, CH500, and corn) mobilized Pb and Cu in sandy soils; the putative mechanism is the formation of soluble complexes with biochar-borne dissolved organic carbon. In summary, unactivated plant biochars can inadvertently increase dissolved Pb and Cu concentrations of sandy, low TOC soils when used to stabilize other contaminants. C1 [Uchimiya, Minori] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Bannon, Desmond I.] US Army Publ Hlth Command, Army Inst Publ Hlth, Toxicol Portfolio, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Uchimiya, M (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM sophie.uchimiya@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 142 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 14 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 32 BP 7679 EP 7688 DI 10.1021/jf401481x PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 202SV UT WOS:000323240800003 PM 23869882 ER PT J AU Sen Gupta, D Thavarajah, D Knutson, P Thavarajah, P McGee, RJ Coyne, CJ Kumar, S AF Sen Gupta, Debjyoti Thavarajah, Dil Knutson, Phil Thavarajah, Pushparajah McGee, Rebecca J. Coyne, Clarice J. Kumar, Shiv TI Lentils (Lens culinaris L.), a Rich Source of Folates SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lentils; biofortification; folates; tetrahydrofolate; chickpea; field pea ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; FOOD; AGRICULTURE; HEALTH AB The potential for genetic biofortification of U.S.-grown lentils (Lens culinaris L.) with bioavailable folate has not been widely studied. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the folate concentration of 10 commercial lentil cultivars grown in Minot and McLean counties, North Dakota, USA, in 2010 and 2011, (2) to determine the genotype (G) X environmental (E) interactions for folate concentration in lentil cultivars, and (3) to compare the folate concentration of other pulses [field peas (Pisum sativum L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)] grown in the United States. Folate concentration in lentil cultivars ranged from 216 to 290 mu g/100 g with a mean of 255 mu g/100 g. In addition, lentil showed higher folate concentration compared to chickpea (42-125 mu g/100 g), yellow field pea (41-55 mu g/100 g), and green field pea (50-202 mu g/100 g). A 100 g serving of lentils could provide a significant amount of the recommended daily allowance of dietary folates (54-73%) for adults. A significant year X location interaction on lentil folate concentration was observed; this indicates that possible location sourcing may be required for future lentil folate research. C1 [Sen Gupta, Debjyoti; Thavarajah, Dil; Knutson, Phil; Thavarajah, Pushparajah] N Dakota State Univ, Dept 7640, Sch Food Syst, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Sen Gupta, Debjyoti] Indian Inst Pulses Res, ICAR Agr Res Serv, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India. [McGee, Rebecca J.] Washington State Univ, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Coyne, Clarice J.] Washington State Univ, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kumar, Shiv] Rabat Inst, ICARDA, Biodivers & Integrated Gene Management Program, Rabat, Morocco. RP Thavarajah, D (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept 7640, Sch Food Syst, 223 Harris Hall,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM dilrukshi.thavarajah@ndsu.edu OI Kumar, Shiv/0000-0001-8407-3562 FU Northern Pulse Growers Association; USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council; NDSU Agriculture Experiment Station, ND, USA; Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India; Department of Agricultural Research and Education, Ministry of Agriculture, India FX Support for this research was provided by the Northern Pulse Growers Association, USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council, and NDSU Agriculture Experiment Station, ND, USA. We thank the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India, and the Department of Agricultural Research and Education, Ministry of Agriculture, India, for awarding an ICAR-International Fellowship to D.S.G. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 14 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 32 BP 7794 EP 7799 DI 10.1021/jf401891p PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 202SV UT WOS:000323240800017 PM 23865478 ER PT J AU Zhou, YT He, WW Lo, YM Hu, XN Wu, XC Yin, JJ AF Zhou, Yu-Ting He, Weiwei Lo, Y. Martin Hu, Xiaona Wu, Xiaochun Yin, Jun-Jie TI Effect of Silver Nanomaterials on the Activity of Thiol-Containing Antioxidants SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE silver nanomaterials; thiol antioxidant; free radical; ESR; nanosafety ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; GLUTATHIONE METABOLISM; SUPEROXIDE RADICALS; L-CYSTEINE; RAT-LIVER; NANOPARTICLES; CELLS; GOLD; NANOSILVER; TOXICITY AB The use of nanomaterials in consumer products is rapidly expanding. In most studies, nanomaterials are examined as isolated ingredients. However, consumer products such as foods, cosmetics, and dietary supplements are complex chemical matrixes. Therefore, interactions between nanomaterials and other components of the product must be investigated to ensure the product's performance and safety. Silver nanomaterials are increasingly being used in food packaging as antimicrobial agents. Thiol-containing compounds, such as reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine, and dihydrolipoic acid, are used as antioxidants in many consumer products. In the current study, we have investigated the interaction between silver nanomaterials and thiol-containing antioxidants. The selected Ag nanomaterials were Ag coated with citrate, Ag coated with poly(vinylpyrrolidone), and Au nanorods coated with Ag in a core/shell structure. We observed direct quenching of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) by all three Ag nanomaterials to varying degrees. The Ag nanomaterials also reduced the quenching of DPPH by GSH to varying degrees. In addition, we determined that the mixture of GSH and Au@Ag nanorods held at 37 degrees C was less effective at quenching azo radical than at ambient temperature. Furthermore, we determined that Au@Ag nanorods significantly reduced the ability of GSH and cysteine to quench hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. The work presented here demonstrates the importance of examining the chemical interactions between nanomaterials used in products and physiologically important antioxidants. C1 [Zhou, Yu-Ting; He, Weiwei; Yin, Jun-Jie] USDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Zhou, Yu-Ting; Lo, Y. Martin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [He, Weiwei] Xuchang Univ, Inst Surface Micro & Nanomat, Key Lab Micronano Energy Storage & Convers Mat He, Xuchang 461000, Peoples R China. [Hu, Xiaona; Wu, Xiaochun] Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol, CAS Key Lab Standardizat & Measurement Nanotechno, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. RP Lo, YM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ymlo@umd.edu; junjie.yin@fda.hhs.gov RI Yin, Jun Jie /E-5619-2014; Zhou, Yuting/I-9125-2012 FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Nanotechnology CORES Program; Office of Cosmetics and Colors, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN)/FDA; Maryland NanoCenter; NispLab; National Science Foundation (NSF) as a Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) FX This work was partially supported by a regulatory science grant under the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Nanotechnology CORES Program and by the Office of Cosmetics and Colors, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN)/FDA (Y.-T.Z., W.H., and J.-J.Y.). We acknowledge the support of the Maryland NanoCenter and its NispLab. The NispLab is supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) as a Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) shared experimental facility. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 14 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 32 BP 7855 EP 7862 DI 10.1021/jf402146s PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 202SV UT WOS:000323240800025 PM 23889173 ER PT J AU Qing, Y Sabo, R Zhu, JY Agarwal, U Cai, ZY Wu, YQ AF Qing, Yan Sabo, Ronald Zhu, J. Y. Agarwal, Umesh Cai, Zhiyong Wu, Yiqiang TI A comparative study of cellulose nanofibrils disintegrated via multiple processing approaches SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Cellulose nanofibrils; Refining; Microfluidization; Enzymatic and chemical pretreatments ID MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE; NATIVE CELLULOSE; WOOD PULP; FIBRILS; NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; POLYMERIZATION; OXIDATION; RESIDUES; WHISKERS AB Various cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) created by refining and microfluidization, in combination with enzymatic or 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized pretreatment were compared. The morphological properties, degree of polymerization, and crystallinity for the obtained nanofibrils, as well as physical and mechanical properties of the corresponding films were evaluated. Compared to refining, intense microfluidization contributed greater separation of nanofibril bundles, which led to an enhancement of mechanical strength and transparency for the resultant film. The selected enzymatic pre-treatments produced shortened fibers due to preferential hydrolysis of amorphous cellulose and, in combination with mechanical treatments, resulted in short and stiff cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-like materials. Despite films from these CNC-like fibrils having inferior tensile strength, their tensile modulus and transparency were significantly improved compared to CNFs prepared without pre-treatment. The unique fiber morphology and high crystallinity potentially offer a green and ecologically friendly alternative for the preparation of CNCs and CNFs as part of an integrated biorefinery approach. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Qing, Yan; Wu, Yiqiang] Cent South Univ Foreshy & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Qing, Yan; Sabo, Ronald; Zhu, J. Y.; Agarwal, Umesh; Cai, Zhiyong] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Sabo, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM rsabo@fs.fed.us; wuyiqiang@csuft.edu.cn FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67009-20056]; National "948" Project of China [2009-4-51] FX This project is supported in part by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant (no. 2011-67009-20056) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and the National "948" Project of China (no. 2009-4-51). Enormous gratitude is offered to Rick Reiner for preparing and supplying TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils. The authors acknowledge Benjamin Treml for helping with tensile testing. Tom Kuster of the Forest Products Laboratory and Debby Sherman via Purdue University are kindly acknowledged for SEM and TEM imaging, respectively. NR 61 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 109 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD AUG 14 PY 2013 VL 97 IS 1 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.04.086 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 174PG UT WOS:000321167300033 PM 23769541 ER PT J AU Xua, XY Zeng, L Tao, Y Vuong, T Wan, JR Boerma, R Noe, J Li, ZL Finnerty, S Pathan, SM Shannon, JG Nguyen, HT AF Xua, Xiangyang Zeng, Liang Tao, Ye Tri Vuong Wan, Jinrong Boerma, Roger Noe, Jim Li, Zenglu Finnerty, Steve Pathan, Safiullah M. Shannon, J. Grover Nguyen, Henry T. TI Pinpointing genes underlying the quantitative trait loci for root-knot nematode resistance in palaeopolyploid soybean by whole genome resequencing SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE high throughput genotyping; high resolution linkage map ID PECTIN METHYLESTERASE; SNP DISCOVERY; LINKAGE MAP; ARABIDOPSIS; SEQUENCE; CONFIRMATION; BINDING; PROTEIN; TOMATO AB The objective of this study was to use next-generation sequencing technologies to dissect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for southern root-knot nematode (RKN) resistance into individual genes in soybean. Two hundred forty-six recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a cross between Magellan (susceptible) and PI 438489B (resistant) were evaluated for RKN resistance in a greenhouse and sequenced at an average of 0.19x depth. A sequence analysis pipeline was developed to identify and validate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), infer the parental source of each SNP allele, and genotype the RIL population. Based on 109,273 phased SNPs, recombination events in RILs were identified, and a total of 3,509 bins and 3,489 recombination intervals were defined. About 50.8% of bins contain 1 to 10 genes. A linkage map was subsequently constructed by using bins as molecular markers. Three QTL for RKN resistance were identified. Of these, one major QTL was mapped to bin 10 of chromosome 10, which is 29.7 kb in size and harbors three true genes and two pseudogenes. Based on sequence variations and gene-expression analysis, the candidate genes underlying the major QTL for RKN resistance were pinpointed. They are Glyma10g02150 and Glyma10g02160, encoding a pectin methylesterase inhibitor and a pectin methylesterase inhibitor -pectin methylesterase, respectively. This QTL mapping approach not only combines SNP discovery, SNP validation, and genotyping, but also solves the issues caused by genome duplication and repetitive sequences. Hence, it can be widely used in crops with a reference genome to enhance QTL mapping accuracy. C1 [Xua, Xiangyang; Tri Vuong; Wan, Jinrong; Pathan, Safiullah M.; Shannon, J. Grover; Nguyen, Henry T.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Xua, Xiangyang; Tri Vuong; Wan, Jinrong; Pathan, Safiullah M.; Shannon, J. Grover; Nguyen, Henry T.] Univ Missouri, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Xua, Xiangyang] USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Zeng, Liang; Tao, Ye] Beijing Genome Inst, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Zeng, Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Ctr Plant Stress Biol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [Boerma, Roger; Li, Zenglu; Finnerty, Steve] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Boerma, Roger; Li, Zenglu; Finnerty, Steve] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Noe, Jim; Finnerty, Steve] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Nguyen, HT (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM xiangyang.xu@ars.usda.gov; nguyenhenry@missouri.edu FU Missouri Soybean Merchandising Council [308F, 320F] FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and Dr. Steven B. Cannon (US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Crop Insects and Crop Genetics Research) and Dr. Jianxin Ma (Purdue University) for location information of pericentromeric regions of the soybean genome. This work was funded by the Missouri Soybean Merchandising Council Grants 308F and 320F (to H.T.N.). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 42 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 13 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 33 BP 13469 EP 13474 DI 10.1073/pnas.1222368110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 200LA UT WOS:000323069200061 ER PT J AU Skoda, SR Figarola, JL Pornkulwat, S Foster, JE AF Skoda, Steven R. Figarola, James L. Pornkulwat, Saowaluck Foster, John E. TI Inter- and intraspecific identification of the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax, using random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genetic markers; myiasis; sterile insect technique ID GENETIC-VARIATION; MOLECULAR MARKERS; ARBITRARY PRIMERS; TEPHRITIDAE POPULATIONS; CULICIDAE POPULATIONS; GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGIN; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; FLY POPULATIONS; RAPD ANALYSIS; DIPTERA AB The screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), is one of the most devastating arthropod pests of livestock in the Western Hemisphere. Early instars are very difficult to distinguish morphologically from several closely related blow fly species. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) markers were developed for identifying C. hominivorax from other wound inhabiting species. Forty decameric primers were screened; nine showed clear reproducible RAPD profiles suitable for distinguishing all life stages of C. hominivorax from 7 other species, including C. macellaria (Fabricius). The results from RAPD-PCR with field-collected samples of unknown first instars agreed with morphological identification that the samples were not C. hominivorax. Three different primers showed DNA polymorphisms (intraspecific) for samples originating from Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, Jamaica, and Brazil. Therefore, RAPD-PCR may be useful for determining the geographic origin of C. hominivorax samples. Comparing products from these primers, used with known and unknown screwworm samples from an outbreak in Mexico, clearly showed that the outbreak did not originate from the mass rearing facility. Accurate identification of suspected C. hominivorax samples is possible using RAPD-PCR. Further development to identify the geographic origin of samples would benefit the ongoing surveillance programs against C. hominivorax and the decision process during suspected outbreaks of this important pest. C1 [Skoda, Steven R.] ARS, USDA, KBUSLIRL, Screwworm Res Unit, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Figarola, James L.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Foster, John E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Skoda, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, KBUSLIRL, Screwworm Res Unit, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM steve.skoda@ars.usda.gov; JFigarola@coh.org; Saowaluck.p@fmc.com; jfoster1@unl.edu NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD AUG 10 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 76 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 205DQ UT WOS:000323422200001 PM 24219502 ER PT J AU Guber, AK Pachepsky, YA Dao, TH Shelton, DR Sadeghi, AM AF Guber, Andrey K. Pachepsky, Yakov A. Dao, Thanh H. Shelton, Daniel R. Sadeghi, Ali M. TI Evaluating manure release parameters for nonpoint contaminant transport model KINEROS2/STWIR SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Manure component release; KINEROS2/STWIR model; Runoff-box/runoff-plot experiments; Parameter evaluating ID E. COLI CONCENTRATIONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BIOACTIVE PHOSPHORUS; WATER-QUALITY; SIMULATED RAINFALL; FECAL-COLIFORMS; DAIRY MANURE; LAND-USE; BACTERIA; UNCERTAINTY AB Release of manure components is an important element of modeling applications in environmental water quality. The scarcity of experimental data and the multiplicity of the approaches for modeling release kinetics of the manure components introduce uncertainty and reduce reliability of overland flow and contaminant transport models. The goal of this study was to estimate release parameters for different manure components and provide input for KINEROS2/STWIR model developed for pathogen risk assessment associated with livestock operations. The objectives of this work were to evaluate reliability and robustness of the manure release parameters estimated based on individual and grouped release kinetics of soluble, particulate and combination of particulate and soluble materials from surface applied manure. The parameters of Bradford-Schijven model were evaluated from the experimental data on release of chloride, water-extractable phosphate-P, total bioactive P, organic carbon, enterococci and E. coli from surface applied manure measured in the runoff-box and runoff-plot experiments. The results showed that release of different manure components from surface applied manure can be reliably predicted with just a single set of parameters characterizing the kinetics of manure mass release. We demonstrated that the manure release parameters could be estimated more reliably when the model fit was performed using data for different manure components pooled together, while the model fit to a single release curve produced correlated parameters. The model parameters appeared to be robust and transferable from the calibration to validation datasets without any or with only minor losses of the model accuracy. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Guber, Andrey K.] Michigan State Univ, Plant Soil & Microbial Sci Dept, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pachepsky, Yakov A.; Shelton, Daniel R.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safely Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Dao, Thanh H.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sadeghi, Ali M.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Guber, AK (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Plant Soil & Microbial Sci Dept, Plant & Soil Sci Bldg,1066 Bogue St,Room 584D, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM akguber@msu.edu; yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov; thanh.dao@ars.usda.gov; Dan.shelton@ars.usda.gov; Ali.Sadeghi@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD AUG 10 PY 2013 VL 263 BP 126 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.05.008 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 197NJ UT WOS:000322857600013 ER PT J AU Nicholson, TL Shore, SM Smith, TC Fraena, TS AF Nicholson, Tracy L. Shore, Sarah M. Smith, Tara C. Fraena, Timothy S. TI Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Isolates of Swine Origin Form Robust Biofilms SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE SURFACE POLYSACCHARIDE; FIBRONECTIN-BINDING PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; EXTRACELLULAR DNA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NASAL COLONIZATION; UNITED-STATES; PIG FARMERS; IN-VITRO; PREVALENCE AB Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization of livestock animals is common and prevalence rates for pigs have been reported to be as high as 49%. Mechanisms contributing to the persistent carriage and high prevalence rates of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) strains in swine herds and production facilities have not been investigated. One explanation for the high prevalence of MRSA in swine herds is the ability of these organisms to exist as biofilms. In this report, the ability of swine LA-MRSA strains, including ST398, ST9, and ST5, to form biofilms was quantified and compared to several swine and human isolates. The contribution of known biofilm matrix components, polysaccharides, proteins and extracellular DNA (eDNA), was tested in all strains as well. All MRSA swine isolates formed robust biofilms similar to human clinical isolates. The addition of Dispersin B had no inhibitory effect on swine MRSA isolates when added at the initiation of biofilm growth or after pre-established mature biofilms formed. In contrast, the addition of proteinase K inhibited biofilm formation in all strains when added at the initiation of biofilm growth and was able to disperse pre-established mature biofilms. Of the LA-MRSA strains tested, we found ST398 strains to be the most sensitive to both inhibition of biofilm formation and dispersal of pre-formed biofilms by DNaseI. Collectively, these findings provide a critical first step in designing strategies to control or eliminate MRSA in swine herds. C1 [Nicholson, Tracy L.; Shore, Sarah M.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Smith, Tara C.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Fraena, Timothy S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Nicholson, TL (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. EM tracy.nicholson@ars.usda.gov FU congressionally appropriated funds; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service FX This research was funded in its entirety by congressionally appropriated funds to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. The funders of the work did not influence study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 108 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR UNSP e73376 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073376 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 245OM UT WOS:000326473200090 PM 23951352 ER PT J AU Tamborindeguy, C Bereman, MS DeBlasio, S Igwe, D Smith, DM White, F MacCoss, MJ Gray, SM Cilia, M AF Tamborindeguy, Cecilia Bereman, Michael S. DeBlasio, Stacy Igwe, David Smith, Dawn M. White, Frank MacCoss, Michael J. Gray, Stewart M. Cilia, Michelle TI Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Schizaphis graminum Reveals Cyclophilin Proteins Are Involved in the Transmission of Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POTATO LEAFROLL-VIRUS; APHID TRANSMISSION; LUTEOVIRUS TRANSMISSION; GREENBUG HOMOPTERA; SECRETORY PATHWAY; COUPLING GENETICS; SITOBION-AVENAE; CYCLOSPORINE-A; COAT PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION AB Yellow dwarf viruses cause the most economically important virus diseases of cereal crops worldwide and are transmitted by aphid vectors. The identification of aphid genes and proteins mediating virus transmission is critical to develop agriculturally sustainable virus management practices and to understand viral strategies for circulative movement in all insect vectors. Two cyclophilin B proteins, S28 and S29, were identified previously in populations of Schizaphis graminum that differed in their ability to transmit the RPV strain of Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV-RPV). The presence of S29 was correlated with F2 genotypes that were efficient virus transmitters. The present study revealed the two proteins were isoforms, and a single amino acid change distinguished S28 and S29. The distribution of the two alleles was determined in 12 F2 genotypes segregating for CYDV-RPV transmission capacity and in 11 genetically independent, field-collected S. graminum biotypes. Transmission efficiency for CYDV-RPV was determined in all genotypes and biotypes. The S29 isoform was present in all genotypes or biotypes that efficiently transmit CYDV-RPV and more specifically in genotypes that efficiently transport virus across the hindgut. We confirmed a direct interaction between CYDV-RPV and both S28 and S29 using purified virus and bacterially expressed, his-tagged S28 and S29 proteins. Importantly, S29 failed to interact with a closely related virus that is transported across the aphid midgut. We tested for in vivo interactions using an aphid-virus co-immunoprecipitation strategy coupled with a bottom-up LC-MS/MS analysis using a Q Exactive mass spectrometer. This analysis enabled us to identify a third cyclophilin protein, cyclophilin A, interacting directly or in complex with purified CYDV-RPV. Taken together, these data provide evidence that both cyclophilin A and B interact with CYDV-RPV, and these interactions may be important but not sufficient to mediate virus transport from the hindgut lumen into the hemocoel. C1 [Tamborindeguy, Cecilia; DeBlasio, Stacy; Smith, Dawn M.; Gray, Stewart M.; Cilia, Michelle] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bereman, Michael S.; MacCoss, Michael J.] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Igwe, David] Int Inst Trop Agr, Virol & Mol Diagnost Unit, Ibadan, Nigeria. [White, Frank] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Tamborindeguy, C (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM ctamborindeguy@ag.tamu.edu; mlc68@cornell.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [1907-22000-018-13, 2005-35604-15446]; NSF-BREAD grant [1109989]; Kansas State University Arthropod Genomics Center Seed Grant; National Institutes of Health [2R01GM086688-03, 5R01RR023334-04, 7S10RR025107] FX The work was graciously funded by United States Department of Agriculture grants 1907-22000-018-13, 2005-35604-15446, NSF-BREAD grant 1109989, a Kansas State University Arthropod Genomics Center Seed Grant, and National Institutes of Health grants 2R01GM086688-03, 5R01RR023334-04, and 7S10RR025107. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR UNSP e71620 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071620 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 245OM UT WOS:000326473200060 PM 23951206 ER PT J AU Venkata, BP Lauter, N Li, X Chapple, C Krupke, C Johal, G Moose, S AF Venkata, Bala Puchakayala Lauter, Nick Li, Xu Chapple, Clint Krupke, Christian Johal, Gurmukh Moose, Stephen TI crw1 - A Novel Maize Mutant Highly Susceptible to Foliar Damage by the Western Corn Rootworm Beetle SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VEGETATIVE PHASE-TRANSITION; CHRYSOMELIDAE LARVAL INJURY; LEAF EPIDERMIS; CELL DIVISIONS; INBRED LINES; COLEOPTERA; RESISTANCE; PHENOLOGY; SELECTION; HYBRIDS AB Western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is the most destructive insect pest of corn (Zea mays L.) in the United States. The adult WCR beetles derive their nourishment from multiple sources including corn pollen and silks as well as the pollen of alternate hosts. Conversely, the corn foliage is largely neglected as a food source by WCR beetles, leading to a perception of a passive interaction between the two. We report here a novel recessive mutation of corn that was identified and named after its foliar susceptibility to corn rootworm beetles (crw1). The crw1 mutant under field conditions was exceptionally susceptible to foliar damage by WCR beetles in an age-specific manner. It exhibits pleiotropic defects on cell wall biochemistry, morphology of leaf epidermal cells and lower structural integrity via differential accumulation of cell wall bound phenolic acids. These findings indicate that crw1 is perturbed in a pathway that was not previously ascribed to WCR susceptibility, as well as implying the presence of an active mechanism(s) deterring WCR beetles from devouring corn foliage. The discovery and characterization of this mutant provides a unique opportunity for genetic analysis of interactions between maize and adult WCR beetles and identify new strategies to control the spread and invasion of this destructive pest. C1 [Venkata, Bala Puchakayala; Johal, Gurmukh] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lauter, Nick] Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, Ames, IA USA. [Li, Xu] N Carolina State Univ, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC USA. [Chapple, Clint] Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Krupke, Christian] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moose, Stephen] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Champaign, IL USA. RP Moose, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Champaign, IL USA. EM smoose@illinois.edu FU Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station [ILLU-15-0359]; USDA [2001-34346-10586, 2003-35304-13239]; Purdue University FX Identification and characterization of the crw1-4 mutation identified at the University of Illinois was supported by a grant to SPM from the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station (ILLU-15-0359), USDA grant Award to SPM (Award number 2001-34346-10586), and USDA postdoctoral training award to NL (Award number 2003-35304-13239). The work at Purdue University was supported by startup funds to Guri Johal from Purdue University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e71296 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071296 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 245OM UT WOS:000326473200036 PM 23951124 ER PT J AU Webb, KJ Cookson, A Allison, G Sullivan, ML Winters, AL AF Webb, K. Judith Cookson, Alan Allison, Gordon Sullivan, Michael L. Winters, Ana L. TI Gene Expression Patterns, Localization, and Substrates of Polyphenol Oxidase in Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Trifolium pratense L.; red clover; leaf nodule; polyphenol oxidase; PPO; gene expression; enzyme localization; o-diphenol substrate; Raman microspectrometry ID ROOT-NODULES; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITIES; MULTIGENE FAMILY; CLONING; TOMATO; ACID; ALFALFA; PROTEIN; PLANT AB Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) genes and their corresponding enzyme activities occur in many plants; natural PPO substrates and enzyme/substrate localization are less well characterized. Leaf and root PPO activities in Arabidopsis and five legumes were compared with those of high-PPO red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Red clover PPO enzyme activity decreased leaves > stem > nodules > peduncle = petiole > embryo; PPO1 and PPO4 genes were expressed early in leaf emergence, whereas PPO4 and PPO5 predominated in mature leaves. PPO1 was expressed in embryos and nodules. PPO substrates, phaselic acid and clovamide, were detected in leaves, and clovamide was detected in nodules. Phaselic acid and clovamide, along with caffeic and chlorogenic acids, were suitable substrates for PPO1, PPO4, and PPO5 genes expressed in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaves. PPO enzyme presence and activity were colocalized in leaves and nodules by cytochemistry. Substrates and PPO activity were localized in developing squashed cell layer of nodules, suggesting PPO may have a developmental role in nodules. C1 [Webb, K. Judith; Cookson, Alan; Allison, Gordon; Winters, Ana L.] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3EE, Ceredigion, Wales. [Sullivan, Michael L.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Webb, KJ (reprint author), Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3EE, Ceredigion, Wales. EM jxw@aber.ac.uk OI Sullivan, Michael/0000-0002-8517-4493 FU BBSRC, UK FX This research is funded by BBSRC, UK. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 7 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 31 BP 7421 EP 7430 DI 10.1021/jf401122d PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 199UH UT WOS:000323020500001 PM 23790148 ER PT J AU Luo, YC Teng, Z Wang, TTY Wang, Q AF Luo, Yangchao Teng, Zi Wang, Thomas T. Y. Wang, Qin TI Cellular Uptake and Transport of Zein Nanoparticles: Effects of Sodium Caseinate SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE zein; sodium caseinate; nanoparticles; cell uptake; Caco-2 monolayer; coumarin 6 ID DRUG-DELIVERY; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; CACO-2 MONOLAYERS; CORN PROTEIN; ENCAPSULATION; CELLS; SYSTEMS; CYTOTOXICITY; PERMEABILITY; BIOMATERIAL AB Cellular evaluation of zein nanoparticles has not been studied systematically due to their poor redispersibility. Caseinate (CAS)-stabilized zein nanoparticles have been recently developed with better redispersibility in salt solutions. In this study, zein CAS nanoparticles were prepared with different zein/CAS mass ratios. The prepared nanoparticles demonstrated good stabilities to maintain particle size (120-140 nm) in cell culture medium and HBSS buffer at 37 degrees C. The nanoparticles showed no cytotoxicity for Caco-2 cells for 72 h. CAS not only significantly enhanced cell uptake of zein nanoparticles in a concentration- and time-dependent manner but also remarkably improved epithelial transport through Caco-2 cell monolayer. The cell uptake of zein-CAS nanoparticles indicated an energy-dependent endocytosis process as evidenced by cell uptake under blocking conditions, that is, 4 degrees C, sodium azide, and colchicine. Fluorescent microscopy clearly showed the internalization of zein-CAS nanoparticles. This study may shed some light on the cellular evaluations of hydrophobic protein nanoparticles. C1 [Luo, Yangchao; Teng, Zi; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wang, Thomas T. Y.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0112 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM wangqin@umd.edu RI Luo, Yangchao/I-2689-2012; Teng, Zi/G-5747-2013 OI Luo, Yangchao/0000-0002-0001-1194; Teng, Zi/0000-0002-6029-7024 FU Maryland NanoCenter at the University of Maryland FX We appreciate support from the Maryland NanoCenter at the University of Maryland. We also acknowledge help and valuable advice from Haiqiu Huang in cell culture experiments and help from Caroline Rocourt in fluorescence microscope operations. NR 49 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 69 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 7 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 31 BP 7621 EP 7629 DI 10.1021/jf402198r PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 199UH UT WOS:000323020500027 PM 23859760 ER PT J AU Samils, N Gioti, A Karlsson, M Sun, Y Kasuga, T Bastiaans, E Wang, Z Li, N Townsend, JP Johannesson, H AF Samils, Nicklas Gioti, Anastasia Karlsson, Magnus Sun, Yu Kasuga, Takao Bastiaans, Eric Wang, Zheng Li, Ning Townsend, Jeffrey P. Johannesson, Hanna TI Sex-linked transcriptional divergence in the hermaphrodite fungus Neurospora tetrasperma SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE sexual dimorphism; Neurospora tetrasperma; gene expression ID BIASED GENE-EXPRESSION; MATING-TYPE CHROMOSOMES; FALSE DISCOVERY RATES; X-CHROMOSOME; EVOLUTION; CRASSA; RECOMBINATION; DROSOPHILA; MICROARRAYS; SELECTION AB In the filamentous ascomycete Neurospora tetrasperma, a large (approx. 7 Mbp) region of suppressed recombination surrounds the mating-type (mat) locus. While the remainder of the genome is largely homoallelic, this region of recombinational suppression, extending over 1500 genes, is associated with sequence divergence. Here, we used microarrays to examine how the molecular phenotype of gene expression level is linked to this divergent region, and thus to the mating type. Culturing N. tetrasperma on agar media that induce sexual/female or vegetative/male tissue, we found 196 genes significantly differentially expressed between mat A and mat a mating types. Our data show that the genes exhibiting mat-linked expression are enriched in the region genetically linked to mating type, and sequence and expression divergence are positively correlated. Our results indicate that the phenotype of mat A strains is optimized for traits promoting sexual/female development and the phenotype of mat a strains for vegetative/male development. This discovery of differentially expressed genes associated with mating type provides a link between genotypic and phenotypic divergence in this taxon and illustrates a fungal analogue to sexual dimorphism found among animals and plants. C1 [Samils, Nicklas; Karlsson, Magnus] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Plant Pathol, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Gioti, Anastasia; Sun, Yu; Johannesson, Hanna] Uppsala Univ, Dept Evolutionary Biol, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Kasuga, Takao] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bastiaans, Eric] Wageningen Univ, Genet Lab, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Wang, Zheng; Li, Ning; Townsend, Jeffrey P.] Yale Univ, Dept Biostat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Johannesson, H (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Evolutionary Biol, Norbyvagen 18 D, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. EM hanna.johannesson@ebc.uu.se RI Wang, Zheng/A-2318-2011; Karlsson, Magnus/P-6556-2014; OI Wang, Zheng/0000-0002-8849-8549; Karlsson, Magnus/0000-0001-6098-138X; Bastiaans, Eric/0000-0003-1502-0947; Gioti, Anastasia/0000-0001-8680-5974 FU Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT); Sven and Lilly Lawski Foundation; Swedish Research Council (VR) FX The Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT), Sven and Lilly Lawski Foundation and the Swedish Research Council (VR) supported financially. NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 31 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD AUG 7 PY 2013 VL 280 IS 1764 AR 20130862 DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.0862 PG 8 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 167RA UT WOS:000320649400008 PM 23782882 ER PT J AU Pritchard, SM Cunha, CW Nicola, AV AF Pritchard, Suzanne M. Cunha, Cristina W. Nicola, Anthony V. TI Analysis of Herpes Simplex Virion Tegument ICP4 Derived from Infected Cells and ICP4-Expressing Cells SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY PROTEIN; VIRUS TYPE-1 VIRIONS; BINDING PROTEIN; LOW PH; ENTRY; MUTANT; LOCALIZATION; POLYPEPTIDE; DELETION; ASSOCIATION AB ICP4 is the major transcriptional regulatory protein of herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is expressed in infected cells with immediate early kinetics and is essential for viral growth. ICP4 is also a structural component of the virion tegument layer. Herpesviral tegument proteins exert regulatory functions important for takeover of the host cell. Tegument ICP4 has not been well characterized. We examined the ICP4 present in HSV-1 virions that were either derived from wild type infected cells or from ICP4-expressing (E5) cells infected with ICP4 deletion virus d120. Limited proteolysis demonstrated that virion-associated ICP4 from particles derived from E5 cells was indeed an internal component of the virion. A similar subset of virion structural proteins was detected in viral particles regardless of the cellular origin of ICP4. Genotypically ICP4-negative virions complemented with tegument ICP4 entered cells via a proteasome-dependent, pH-dependent pathway similar to wild type virions. In infected cells, ICP4 was distributed predominantly in intranuclear replication compartments regardless of whether it was expressed from a transgene or from the HSV genome. C1 [Pritchard, Suzanne M.; Cunha, Cristina W.; Nicola, Anthony V.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cunha, Cristina W.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Nicola, Anthony V.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Nicola, AV (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM nicola@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Public Health Service from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI096103, AI007025]; Marvel Shields Autzen Foundation FX This investigation was supported by Public Health Service grants AI096103 and AI007025 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and a grant from the Marvel Shields Autzen Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e70889 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070889 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 217ZG UT WOS:000324401500053 PM 23940659 ER PT J AU Weir, TL Manter, DK Sheflin, AM Barnett, BA Heuberger, AL Ryan, EP AF Weir, Tiffany L. Manter, Daniel K. Sheflin, Amy M. Barnett, Brittany A. Heuberger, Adam L. Ryan, Elizabeth P. TI Stool Microbiome and Metabolome Differences between Colorectal Cancer Patients and Healthy Adults SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COLON-CANCER; STREPTOCOCCUS-BOVIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GUT MICROBIOME; BACTERIA; IDENTIFICATION; MECHANISMS; ACID; METABONOMICS; ACETYLATION AB In this study we used stool profiling to identify intestinal bacteria and metabolites that are differentially represented in humans with colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to healthy controls to identify how microbial functions may influence CRC development. Stool samples were collected from healthy adults (n = 10) and colorectal cancer patients (n = 11) prior to colon resection surgery at the University of Colorado Health-Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins, CO. The V4 region of the 16s rRNA gene was pyrosequenced and both short chain fatty acids and global stool metabolites were extracted and analyzed utilizing Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). There were no significant differences in the overall microbial community structure associated with the disease state, but several bacterial genera, particularly butyrate-producing species, were under-represented in the CRC samples, while a mucin-degrading species, Akkermansia muciniphila, was about 4-fold higher in CRC (p<0.01). Proportionately higher amounts of butyrate were seen in stool of healthy individuals while relative concentrations of acetate were higher in stools of CRC patients. GC-MS profiling revealed higher concentrations of amino acids in stool samples from CRC patients and higher poly and monounsaturated fatty acids and ursodeoxycholic acid, a conjugated bile acid in stool samples from healthy adults (p<0.01). Correlative analysis between the combined datasets revealed some potential relationships between stool metabolites and certain bacterial species. These associations could provide insight into microbial functions occurring in a cancer environment and will help direct future mechanistic studies. Using integrated "omics" approaches may prove a useful tool in identifying functional groups of gastrointestinal bacteria and their associated metabolites as novel therapeutic and chemopreventive targets. C1 [Weir, Tiffany L.; Sheflin, Amy M.; Ryan, Elizabeth P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Manter, Daniel K.; Barnett, Brittany A.] ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Div, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Heuberger, Adam L.] Colorado State Univ, Prote & Metabol Facil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, Elizabeth P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Weir, TL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Tiffany.Weir@colostate.edu FU NIH NCI [R03CA150070]; Colorado Agriculture Experiment Station (CAES); Shipley Foundation FX This work was supported by NIH NCI R03CA150070, Colorado Agriculture Experiment Station (CAES), and Shipley Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 3 U2 99 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e70803 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070803 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 217ZG UT WOS:000324401500051 PM 23940645 ER PT J AU O'Connor, TM Cerin, E Hughes, SO Robles, J Thompson, D Baranowski, T Lee, RE Nicklas, T Shewchuk, RM AF O'Connor, Teresia M. Cerin, Ester Hughes, Sheryl O. Robles, Jessica Thompson, Deborah Baranowski, Tom Lee, Rebecca E. Nicklas, Theresa Shewchuk, Richard M. TI What Hispanic parents do to encourage and discourage 3-5 year old children to be active: a qualitative study using nominal group technique SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Physical activity; Parenting practices; Hispanic; Preschool child; Qualitative research; Nominal group technique ID MEASURED PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; MEXICAN-AMERICAN; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; SOCIAL-CONTEXT; ANGLO-AMERICAN; HOME; ENVIRONMENT; BEHAVIORS; STYLE AB Purpose: Hispanic preschoolers are less active than their non-Hispanic peers. As part of a feasibility study to assess environmental and parenting influences on preschooler physical activity (PA) (Ninos Activos), the aim of this study was to identify what parents do to encourage or discourage PA among Hispanic 3-5 year old children to inform the development of a new PA parenting practice instrument and future interventions to increase PA among Hispanic youth. Methods: Nominal Group Technique (NGT), a structured multi-step group procedure, was used to elicit and prioritize responses from 10 groups of Hispanic parents regarding what parents do to encourage (5 groups) or discourage (5 groups) preschool aged children to be active. Five groups consisted of parents with low education (less than high school) and 5 with high education (high school or greater) distributed between the two NGT questions. Results: Ten NGT groups (n = 74, range 4-11/group) generated 20-46 and 42-69 responses/group for practices that encourage or discourage PA respectively. Eight to 18 responses/group were elected as the most likely to encourage or discourage PA. Parental engagement in child activities, modeling PA, and feeding the child well were identified as parenting practices that encourage child PA. Allowing TV and videogame use, psychological control, physical or emotional abuse, and lack of parental engagement emerged as parenting practices that discourage children from being active. There were few differences in the pattern of responses by education level. Conclusions: Parents identified ways they encourage and discourage 3-5 year-olds from PA, suggesting both are important targets for interventions. These will inform the development of a new PA parenting practice scale to be further evaluated. Further research should explore the role parents play in discouraging child PA, especially in using psychological control or submitting children to abuse, which were new findings in this study. C1 [O'Connor, Teresia M.; Hughes, Sheryl O.; Robles, Jessica; Thompson, Deborah; Baranowski, Tom; Nicklas, Theresa] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Connor, Teresia M.] Acad Gen Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX USA. [Cerin, Ester] Univ Hong Kong, Inst Human Performance, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cerin, Ester] Deakin Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Lee, Rebecca E.] Univ Houston, Texas Obes Res Ctr, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Houston, TX USA. [Shewchuk, Richard M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Hlth Serv Adm, Birmingham, AL USA. RP O'Connor, TM (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM teresiao@bcm.edu RI Cerin, Ester/L-1271-2015; OI Cerin, Ester/0000-0002-7599-165X; Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, BCM [USDA/ARS 6250-51000-053-20S]; NIH-Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development [R21HD060925] FX This work is a publication of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, BCM through a cooperative agreement (USDA/ARS 6250-51000-053-20S). This study was funded by NIH-Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (R21HD060925). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or NIH, nor does mention of organizations imply endorsement from the US government. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1479-5868 J9 INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY JI Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. PD AUG 6 PY 2013 VL 10 AR 93 DI 10.1186/1479-5868-10-93 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology GA 198ZF UT WOS:000322962200001 PM 23919301 ER PT J AU Dong, JX Xie, X He, YS Beier, RC Sun, YM Xu, ZL Wu, WJ Shen, YD Xiao, ZL Lai, LN Wang, H Yang, JY AF Dong, Jie-Xian Xie, Xi He, Yong-Sheng Beier, Ross C. Sun, Yuan-Ming Xu, Zhen-Lin Wu, Wei-Jian Shen, Yu-Dong Xiao, Zhi-Li Lai, Li-Na Wang, Hong Yang, Jin-Yi TI Surface Display and Bioactivity of Bombyx mori Acetylcholinesterase on Pichia pastoris SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION; PURIFICATION; INHIBITION; CELLS; ORGANOPHOSPHATE; CHROMATOGRAPHY; INSECTICIDE; SILKWORM; RESIDUES; CLONING AB A Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) cell surface display system of Bombyx mori acetylcholinesterase (BmAChE) was constructed and its bioactivity was studied. The modified Bombyx mori acetylcholinesterase gene (bmace) was fused with the anchor protein (AG alpha 1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and transformed into P. pastoris strain GS115. The recombinant strain harboring the fusion gene bmace-AG alpha 1 was induced to display BmAChE on the P. pastoris cell surface. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry assays revealed that the BmAChE was successfully displayed on the cell surface of P. pastoris GS115. The enzyme activity of the displayed BmAChE was detected by the Ellman method at 787.7 U/g (wet cell weight). In addition, bioactivity of the displayed BmAChE was verified by inhibition tests conducted with eserine, and with carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides. The displayed BmAChE had an IC50 of 4.17 x 10(-8) M and was highly sensitive to eserine and five carbamate pesticides, as well as seven organophosphorus pesticides. Results suggest that the displayed BmAChE had good bioactivity. C1 [Dong, Jie-Xian; Xie, Xi; He, Yong-Sheng; Sun, Yuan-Ming; Xu, Zhen-Lin; Wu, Wei-Jian; Shen, Yu-Dong; Xiao, Zhi-Li; Lai, Li-Na; Wang, Hong; Yang, Jin-Yi] South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [He, Yong-Sheng] Shenzhen Acad Metrol & Qual Inspect, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM gzwhongd@163.com; yjy361@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31201361, 31271866]; National Science & Technology Pillar Program of China [2012BAD31B0302]; Science and Technology Plan Projects in Guangdong Province [2012A020100002, 2010A032000001-4]; Doctoral Innovation Program of Hopson Zhujiang Education Fund [H2011001] FX This research was granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201361, 31271866), the National Science & Technology Pillar Program of China (2012BAD31B0302), Science and Technology Plan Projects in Guangdong Province (2012A020100002, 2010A032000001-4) and the Doctoral Innovation Program of Hopson Zhujiang Education Fund (H2011001). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 5 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e70451 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070451 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 218XC UT WOS:000324465000071 PM 23940577 ER PT J AU Minten, MA Bilby, TR Bruno, RGS Allen, CC Madsen, CA Wang, ZP Sawyer, JE Tibary, A Neibergs, HL Geary, TW Bauersachs, S Spencer, TE AF Minten, Megan A. Bilby, Todd R. Bruno, Ralph G. S. Allen, Carolyn C. Madsen, Crystal A. Wang, Zeping Sawyer, Jason E. Tibary, Ahmed Neibergs, Holly L. Geary, Thomas W. Bauersachs, Stefan Spencer, Thomas E. TI Effects of Fertility on Gene Expression and Function of the Bovine Endometrium SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN-1; ESTROUS-CYCLE; CONCEPTUS ELONGATION; EARLY-PREGNANCY; UTERINE RECEPTIVITY; EMBRYO-TRANSFER; DAIRY-CATTLE; OVINE UTERUS; ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX AB Infertility and subfertility are important and pervasive reproductive problems in both domestic animals and humans. The majority of embryonic loss occurs during the first three weeks of pregnancy in cattle and women due, in part, to inadequate endometrial receptivity for support of embryo implantation. To identify heifers of contrasting fertility, serial rounds of artificial insemination (AI) were conducted in 201 synchronized crossbred beef heifers. The heifers were then fertility classified based on number of pregnancies detected on day 35 in four AI opportunities. Heifers, classified as having high fertility, subfertility or infertility, were selected for further study. The fertility-classified heifers were superovulated and flushed, and the recovered embryos were graded and then transferred to synchronized recipients. Quantity of embryos recovered per flush, embryo quality, and subsequent recipient pregnancy rates did not differ by fertility classification. Two in vivo-produced bovine embryos (stage 4 or 5, grade 1 or 2) were then transferred into each heifer on day 7 post-estrus. Pregnancy rates were greater in high fertility than lower fertility heifers when heifers were used as embryo recipients. The reproductive tracts of the classified heifers were obtained on day 14 of the estrous cycle. No obvious morphological differences in reproductive tract structures and histology of the uterus were observed in the heifers. Microarray analysis revealed differences in the endometrial transcriptome based on fertility classification. A genome-wide association study, based on SNP genotyping, detected 7 moderate associations with fertility across 6 different chromosomes. Collectively, these studies support the idea that innate differences in uterine function underlie fertility and early pregnancy loss in ruminants. Cattle with defined early pregnancy success or loss is useful to elucidate the complex biological and genetic mechanisms governing endometrial receptivity and uterine competency for pregnancy. C1 [Minten, Megan A.; Allen, Carolyn C.; Wang, Zeping; Neibergs, Holly L.; Spencer, Thomas E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bilby, Todd R.] Texas AgriLife Res & Extens, Stephenville, TX USA. [Bruno, Ralph G. S.] West Texas A&M Univ, Amarillo, TX USA. [Bruno, Ralph G. S.] Texas AgriLife Res & Extens, Amarillo, TX USA. [Madsen, Crystal A.; Geary, Thomas W.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT USA. [Sawyer, Jason E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Tibary, Ahmed] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Tibary, Ahmed] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bauersachs, Stefan] Univ Munich, Gene Ctr, Lab Funct Genome Anal LAFUGA, Munich, Germany. RP Spencer, TE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM thomas.spencer@wsu.edu OI Spencer, Thomas/0000-0003-2815-766X FU National Institutes of Health [1 R01 HD072898] FX This project was supported in part by grant no. 1 R01 HD072898 from the National Institutes of Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding received for this study. NR 104 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 5 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e69444 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069444 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 218XC UT WOS:000324465000014 PM 23940519 ER PT J AU Rasooly, R Hernlem, B Friedman, M AF Rasooly, Reuven Hernlem, Bradley Friedman, Mendel TI Low Levels of Aflatoxin B1, Ricin, and Milk Enhance Recombinant Protein Production in Mammalian Cells SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN; HSV-TK; COMBINATION; EXPRESSION; GENE; B-1 AB Gene expression in transduced mammalian cells correlates with virus titer, but high doses of vector for gene therapy leads to toxicity in humans and in animals. Changing the optimal tissue culture medium by adding low levels of environmental stressors, such as 1 mu M of the fungal toxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 1 ng of the castor bean protein toxin ricin, or 1% reconstituted milk, enhances transcription and increases production of proteins in transduced mammalian cells as demonstrated by production of the following three recombinant proteins: firefly luciferase, beta-galactosidase, and green fluorescent protein (GFP). Higher concentrations of the stress-producing substances damage the cells beyond recovery, resulting in inhibited gene expression and cell death. We also evaluated the effect of the stressor substances on the enhanced infectivity of virus. The presented findings extend methods for large-scale transient recombinant protein production in mammalian cells and suggest that it may be possible to reduce the cytotoxicity of the adenovirus by reducing the virus titer without adversely affecting gene expression levels. C1 [Rasooly, Reuven; Hernlem, Bradley] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Produce Safety Unit, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Rasooly, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM reuven.rasooly@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 5 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e71682 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071682 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 218XC UT WOS:000324465000223 PM 23940780 ER PT J AU Bertran, K Silva, MSE Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Swayne, DE AF Bertran, Kateri Sa e Silva, Mariana Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Swayne, David E. TI Protection against H7N3 high pathogenicity avian influenza in chickens immunized with a recombinant fowlpox and an inactivated avian influenza vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Chickens; High pathogenicity avian influenza; H7N3; Recombinant fowlpox virus vaccine; Inactivated vaccine ID VIRUS; VACCINATION; H5; CHALLENGE; EFFICACY; POULTRY AB Beginning on June 2012, an H7N3 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) epizootic was reported in the State of Jalisco (Mexico), with some 22.4 million chickens that died, were slaughtered on affected farms or were preemptively culled on neighboring farms. In the current study, layer chickens were vaccinated with a recombinant fowlpox virus vaccine containing a low pathogenic AI (LPAI) H7 gene insert (rFPV-H7-AIV) and an inactivated oil-emulsified H7N3 AIV vaccine, and subsequently challenged against the Jalisco H7N3 HPAIV. All vaccine combinations provided similar and significant protection against mortality, morbidity, and shedding of challenge virus from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Serological data also suggested analogous protection from HPAIV among immunized birds. Control of the recent Jalisco AIV infection could be achieved by using various combinations of the two vaccines tested. Even though a single dose of rFPV-H7-AIV vaccine at 1-day-of-age would be the most pragmatic option, optimal protection may require a second dose of vaccine administered in the field. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bertran, Kateri; Sa e Silva, Mariana; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Swayne, David E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Bertran, Kateri] UAB IRTA, Ctr Recerca Sanitat Anim CReSA, Bellaterra 08193, Cerdanyola Del, Spain. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM David.Swayne@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 2 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 35 BP 3572 EP 3576 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.039 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 205PX UT WOS:000323457900015 PM 23707445 ER PT J AU Hammac, GK Ku, PS Galletti, MF Noh, SM Scoles, GA Palmer, GH Brayton, KA AF Hammac, G. Kenitra Ku, Pei-Shin Galletti, Maria F. Noh, Susan M. Scoles, Glen A. Palmer, Guy H. Brayton, Kelly A. TI Protective immunity induced by immunization with a live, cultured Anaplasma marginale strain SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Bovine; Tick-borne disease ID TICK CELL-CULTURE; MAJOR SURFACE PROTEIN-2; VACCINE STRAIN; T-LYMPHOCYTE; A-MARGINALE; CATTLE; CENTRALE; CHALLENGE; ESTABLISHMENT; MEMBRANES AB Despite significant economic losses resulting from infection with Anaplasma marginale, a tick-transmitted rickettsial pathogen of cattle, available vaccines provide, at best, only partial protection against clinical disease. The green-fluorescent protein expressing mutant of the A. marginale St. Manes strain is a live, marked vaccine candidate (AmStM-GFP). To test whether AmStM-GFP is safe and provides clinical protection, a group of calves was vaccinated, and clinical parameters, including percent parasitized erythrocytes (PPE), packed cell volume (PCV) and days required to reach peak bacteremia, were measured following inoculation and following tick challenge with wild type St. Manes strain (AmStM). These clinical parameters were compared to those obtained during infection with the A. marginate subsp. centrale vaccine strain (A. centrale) or wild type AmStM. AmStM-GFP resulted in similar clinical parameters to A. centrale, but had a lower maximum PPE, smaller drop in PCV and took longer to reach peak bacteremia than wild type AmStM. AmStM-GFP provided clinical protection, yielding a stable PCV and low bacteremia following challenge, whereas A. centrale only afforded partial clinical protection. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hammac, G. Kenitra; Ku, Pei-Shin; Galletti, Maria F.; Palmer, Guy H.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Program Genom, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Noh, Susan M.; Scoles, Glen A.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Brayton, KA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Program Genom, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kbrayton@vetmed.wsu.edu RI Galletti, Maria Fernanda/M-4738-2013 FU Wellcome Trust [GR075800M]; NIH [R01 AI44005, T32AI007025]; BARD [4187-09C] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Ulrike G. Munderloh for ISE6 cells and AmStM-GFP, and Ralph Horn and James Allison for technical assistance. This work was supported by Wellcome Trust grant GR075800M, NIH R01 AI44005, and BARD 4187-09C. GKH was supported by a NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship (T32AI007025). NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 2 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 35 BP 3617 EP 3622 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.069 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 205PX UT WOS:000323457900021 PM 23664994 ER PT J AU Thompson, D Mahabir, R Bhatt, R Boutte, C Cantu, D Vazquez, I Callender, C Cullen, K Baranowski, T Liu, Y Walker, C Buday, R AF Thompson, Debbe Mahabir, Rory Bhatt, Riddhi Boutte, Cynthia Cantu, Dora Vazquez, Isabel Callender, Chishinga Cullen, Karen Baranowski, Tom Liu, Yan Walker, Celeste Buday, Richard TI Butterfly Girls; promoting healthy diet and physical activity to young African American girls online: rationale and design SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Internet; Intervention; Obesity prevention; Physical activity; Child; African American; Diet; Culture ID FITNESS INTERNET PROGRAM; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; ENRICHMENT MULTISITE; BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; OUTCOME EVALUATION; GEMS PHASE-2; BASE-LINE; OBESITY; FRUIT; CHILDREN AB Background: Young African American girls have a high risk of obesity. Online behavior change programs promoting healthy diet and physical activity are convenient and may be effective for reducing disparities related to obesity. This report presents the protocol guiding the design and evaluation of a culturally and developmental appropriate online obesity prevention program for young African American girls. Methods/Design: The Butterfly Girls and the Quest for Founder's Rock is an 8-episode online program delivered as an animated, interactive comic. The program promotes healthy diet and physical activity and is specifically designed for 8-10 year old African American girls. Girls, parents, and community representatives provided formative feedback on cultural relevance and developmental appropriateness. A three-group (treatment, comparison, wait-list control) randomized design (n = 390 parent/child dyads) is employed, with child as the unit of assignment. Change in body mass index is the primary outcome; change in fruit and vegetable consumption, water, and physical activity are secondary outcomes. Data collection occurs at baseline, approximately 3 months after baseline (i.e., completion of the online program), and approximately three months later (i.e., maintenance assessment). Two dietary recalls are collected at each data collection period by trained interviewers using the Nutrient Data System for Research (NDSR 2012) system. Physical activity is objectively measured by seven days of accelerometry. Psychosocial and process data are also collected. Girls in the treatment and comparison groups will be interviewed at post 1 to obtain information on personal reactions to the program. Discussion: This research will develop and evaluate the efficacy of an online program for reducing obesity risk among girls at risk of obesity and related diseases. Online programs offer the potential for wide dissemination, thus reducing disparities related to obesity. C1 [Thompson, Debbe; Mahabir, Rory; Bhatt, Riddhi; Boutte, Cynthia; Cantu, Dora; Vazquez, Isabel; Callender, Chishinga; Cullen, Karen; Baranowski, Tom; Liu, Yan] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bhatt, Riddhi] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Houston, TX 77098 USA. [Walker, Celeste] Playwright, Houston, TX USA. [Buday, Richard] Archimage, Houston, TX 77004 USA. RP Thompson, D (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dit@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [MD005814]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-0-008] FX This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Center (USDA/ARS), Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. This project was supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities grant #MD005814 (to Dr. Thompson). This work is also a publication of the USDA/ARS, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-0-008. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. We would like to thank the expert panel members who participated in this research. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD AUG 2 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 709 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-709 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ZX UT WOS:000322892500001 PM 23915235 ER PT J AU Millar, IM Dooley, JW AF Millar, I. M. Dooley, J. W. TI A new species of Dialeurolobus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Protea nitida in South Africa SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Hemiptera; Aleyrodidae; whiteflies; Dialeurolobus; new species; key; Protea nitida; South Africa ID WHITEFLIES HEMIPTERA AB Dialeurolobus proteae sp. nov. is described from Protea nitida (Proteaceae) in South Africa, and from specimens intercepted on protea plants imported into the U. S. A. from South Africa. Its affinities to the other species of Dialeurolobus are discussed, and a diagnostic key is provided to identify the species of this genus. C1 [Millar, I. M.] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, Biosystemat Div, ZA-0121 Pretoria, South Africa. [Dooley, J. W.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. RP Millar, IM (reprint author), ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, Biosystemat Div, Private Bag X134, ZA-0121 Pretoria, South Africa. EM millari@arc.agric.za; john.w.dooley@aphis.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 2 PY 2013 VL 3694 IS 2 BP 178 EP 184 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 194IE UT WOS:000322624200007 PM 26312280 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T O'Connor, T Hughes, S Sleddens, E Beltran, A Frankel, L Mendoza, JA Baranowski, J AF Baranowski, Tom O'Connor, Teresia Hughes, Sheryl Sleddens, Ester Beltran, Alicia Frankel, Leslie Mendoza, Jason A. Baranowski, Janice TI Houston ... We Have a Problem! Measurement of Parenting SO CHILDHOOD OBESITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT; RESTRICTING ACCESS; WEIGHT STATUS; FOOD-INTAKE; OBESITY; CHILDREN; STYLES; ADOLESCENTS; PREDICTORS C1 [Baranowski, Tom; O'Connor, Teresia; Hughes, Sheryl; Beltran, Alicia; Frankel, Leslie; Mendoza, Jason A.; Baranowski, Janice] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sleddens, Ester] Maastricht Univ, Med Ctr, NUTRIM Sch Nutr Toxicol & Metab, Dept Hlth Promot, Maastricht, Netherlands. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tbaranow@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222; Mendoza, Jason/0000-0003-0833-4358 NR 57 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-2168 EI 2153-2176 J9 CHILD OBES JI Child Obes. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 SU 1 BP S1 EP S4 DI 10.1089/chi.2013.0040 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AI4PL UT WOS:000336847200001 PM 23837847 ER PT J AU Davison, KK Masse, LC Timperio, A Frenn, MD Saunders, J Mendoza, JA Gobbi, E Hanson, P Trost, SG AF Davison, Kirsten K. Masse, Louise C. Timperio, Anna Frenn, Marilyn D. Saunders, Julie Mendoza, Jason A. Gobbi, Erica Hanson, Phillip Trost, Stewart G. TI Physical Activity Parenting Measurement and Research: Challenges, Explanations, and Solutions SO CHILDHOOD OBESITY LA English DT Article ID ATHLETIC IDENTITY QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY; AUTONOMY SUPPORT; CHILDREN; YOUTH; MODEL; ADOLESCENTS; MOTIVATION; ASSOCIATIONS AB Physical activity (PA) parenting research has proliferated over the past decade, with findings verifying the influential role that parents play in children's emerging PA behaviors. This knowledge, however, has not translated into effective family-based PA interventions. During a preconference workshop to the 2012 International Society for Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity annual meeting, a PA parenting workgroup met to: (1) Discuss challenges in PA parenting research that may limit its translation, (2) identify explanations or reasons for such challenges, and (3) recommend strategies for future research. Challenges discussed by the workgroup included a proliferation of disconnected and inconsistently measured constructs, a limited understanding of the dimensions of PA parenting, and a narrow conceptualization of hypothesized moderators of the relationship between PA parenting and child PA. Potential reasons for such challenges emphasized by the group included a disinclination to employ theory when developing measures and examining predictors and outcomes of PA parenting as well as a lack of agreed-upon measurement standards. Suggested solutions focused on the need to link PA parenting research with general parenting research, define and adopt rigorous standards of measurement, and identify new methods to assess PA parenting. As an initial step toward implementing these recommendations, the workgroup developed a conceptual model that: (1) Integrates parenting dimensions from the general parenting literature into the conceptualization of PA parenting, (2) draws on behavioral and developmental theory, and (3) emphasizes areas which have been neglected to date including precursors to PA parenting and effect modifiers. C1 [Davison, Kirsten K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Masse, Louise C.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Timperio, Anna] Deakin Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, Corrimal, Australia. [Frenn, Marilyn D.] Marquette Univ, Coll Nursing, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. [Saunders, Julie] Univ Western Australia, Sch Populat Hlth, Crawley, Australia. [Mendoza, Jason A.] Harvard Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gobbi, Erica] Univ Padua, Dept Philosophy Sociol Educ & Appl Psychol FISPPA, Padua, Italy. [Hanson, Phillip] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Trost, Stewart G.] Univ Queensland, Sch Human Movement Studies, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. RP Davison, KK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kdavison@hsph.harvard.edu RI Trost, Stewart/B-5948-2012; OI Trost, Stewart/0000-0001-9587-3944; Mendoza, Jason/0000-0003-0833-4358 FU United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [USDA/ARS2012-68001-19285]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R13HL114262] FX The preconference to the 2012 International Society for Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (ISBNPA) annual meeting, "Parenting Measurement: Current Status and Consensus Reports" and resulting manuscripts were made possible due to funding from the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS2012-68001-19285) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R13HL114262). NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-2168 EI 2153-2176 J9 CHILD OBES JI Child Obes. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 SU 1 BP S103 EP S109 DI 10.1089/chi.2013.0037 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AI4PL UT WOS:000336847200011 PM 23944918 ER PT J AU Hughes, SO Frankel, LA Beltran, A Hodges, E Hoerr, S Lumeng, J Tovar, A Kremers, S AF Hughes, Sheryl O. Frankel, Leslie A. Beltran, Alicia Hodges, Eric Hoerr, Sharon Lumeng, Julie Tovar, Alison Kremers, Stef TI Food Parenting Measurement Issues: Working Group Consensus Report SO CHILDHOOD OBESITY LA English DT Article ID CHILD FEEDING QUESTIONNAIRE; WEIGHT STATUS; LOW-INCOME; OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; RESTRICTING ACCESS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; EATING BEHAVIOR; LATINA MOTHERS; OBESITY AB Childhood obesity is a growing problem. As more researchers become involved in the study of parenting influences on childhood obesity, there appears to be a lack of agreement regarding the most important parenting constructs of interest, definitions of those constructs, and measurement of those constructs in a consistent manner across studies. This article aims to summarize findings from a working group that convened specifically to discuss measurement issues related to parental influences on childhood obesity. Six subgroups were formed to address key measurement issues. The conceptualization subgroup proposed to define and distinguish constructs of general parenting styles, feeding styles, and food parenting practices with the goal of understanding interrelating levels of parental influence on child eating behaviors. The observational subgroup identified the need to map constructs for use in coding direct observations and create observational measures that can capture the bidirectional effects of parent-child interactions. The self-regulation subgroup proposed an operational definition of child self-regulation of energy intake and suggested future measures of self-regulation across different stages of development. The translational/community involvement subgroup proposed the involvement of community in the development of surveys so that measures adequately reflect cultural understanding and practices of the community. The qualitative methods subgroup proposed qualitative methods as a way to better understand the breadth of food parenting practices and motivations for the use of such practices. The longitudinal subgroup stressed the importance of food parenting measures sensitive to change for use in longitudinal studies. In the creation of new measures, it is important to consider cultural sensitivity and context-specific food parenting domains. Moderating variables such as child temperament and child food preferences should be considered in models. C1 [Hughes, Sheryl O.; Frankel, Leslie A.; Beltran, Alicia] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hodges, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Sch Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hoerr, Sharon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lumeng, Julie] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Lumeng, Julie] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Human Nutr Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lumeng, Julie] Univ Michigan, Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Tovar, Alison] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Kingston, RI USA. [Kremers, Stef] Maastricht Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Promot, NUTRIM Sch Nutr Toxicol & Metab, Maastricht, Netherlands. RP Hughes, SO (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM shughes@bcm.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [USDA/ARS 2012-68001-19285]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R13HL114262]; United States Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service (USDA/ARS), Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; USDA/ARS [6250-51000-053]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [R01 HD062567]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [USDA 2011-68001-30009]; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Nurse Faculty Scholars Program; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD [5R01HD057841] FX The preconference to the 2012 International Society for Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (ISBNPA) annual meeting, "Parenting Measurement: Current Status and Consensus Reports" and resulting articles were made possible due to funding from the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (USDA/ARS 2012-68001-19285) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R13HL114262). This report was also supported by the United States Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service (USDA/ARS), Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement no. 6250-51000-053. This research was also supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01 HD062567), the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA 2011-68001-30009), and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Nurse Faculty Scholars Program. Postdoctoral research funds for Alison Tovar were provided by a supplement from grant 5R01HD057841 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. NR 59 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 23 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-2168 EI 2153-2176 J9 CHILD OBES JI Child Obes. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 SU 1 BP S95 EP S102 DI 10.1089/chi.2013.0032 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AI4PL UT WOS:000336847200010 PM 23944928 ER PT J AU Marques, C Matafome, P Santos, A Lobo, C Shang, F Pereira, P Girao, H AF Marques, C. Matafome, P. Santos, A. Lobo, C. Shang, F. Pereira, P. Girao, H. TI In vivo analysis of protein quality control in response to aging using transgenic mice SO ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Marques, C.; Pereira, P.; Girao, H.] Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Ctr Ophthalmol & Vis Sci, Inst Biomed Imaging & Life Sci, Coimbra, Portugal. [Matafome, P.] Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Inst Physiol, Inst Biomed Res Light & Image, Coimbra, Portugal. [Santos, A.; Lobo, C.] Assoc Innovat & Biomed Res Light & Image, Coimbra, Portugal. [Shang, F.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-375X EI 1755-3768 J9 ACTA OPHTHALMOL JI Acta Ophthalmol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 SU 252 MA S076 DI 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2013.S076.x PG 3 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA AI0QH UT WOS:000336552300156 ER PT J AU Haenen, OLM Evans, JJ Berthe, F AF Haenen, O. L. M. Evans, J. J. Berthe, F. TI Bacterial infections from aquatic species: potential for and prevention of contact zoonoses SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Aquaculture; Bacteria; Fish; Prevention; Zoonosis ID MYCOBACTERIUM-MARINUM INFECTION; VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS INFECTIONS; OF-THE-LITERATURE; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS; ERYSIPELOTHRIX-RHUSIOPATHIAE; NECROTIZING FASCIITIS; WOUND INFECTIONS; HUMAN-DISEASE; HALF SHELL AB As aquaculture production and the consumption of aquaculture products increase, the possibility of contracting zoonotic infections from either handling or ingesting these products also increases. The principal pathogens acquired topically from fish or shellfish through spine/pincer puncture or open wounds are Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Mycobacterium marinum, Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio vulnificus and V damsela. These pathogens, which are all indigenous to the aquatic environment, have also been associated with disease outbreaks in food fish. Outbreaks are often related to management factors, such as the quality and quantity of nutrients in the water and high stocking density, which can increase bacterial loads on the external surface of the fish. As a result, diseased fish are more likely to transmit infection to humans. This review provides an account of human cases of zoonoses throughout the world from the principal zoonotic pathogens of fish and shellfish. C1 [Haenen, O. L. M.] Cent Vet Inst, Wageningen UR, Lab Fish Shellfish & Crustacean Dis, NL-8200 AB Lelystad, Netherlands. [Evans, J. J.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Berthe, F.] European Food Safety Author, Anim Hlth & Welf Panel, I-43100 Parma, Italy. RP Haenen, OLM (reprint author), Cent Vet Inst, Wageningen UR, Lab Fish Shellfish & Crustacean Dis, POB 65, NL-8200 AB Lelystad, Netherlands. EM Olga.Haenen@wur.nl NR 85 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 16 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 32 IS 2 BP 497 EP 507 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AF6HR UT WOS:000334815900016 PM 24547653 ER PT J AU Rasooly, R Hernlem, B He, XH Friedman, M AF Rasooly, Reuven Hernlem, Bradley He, Xiaohua Friedman, Mendel TI Non-Linear Relationships between Aflatoxin B1 Levels and the Biological Response of Monkey Kidney Vero Cells SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin B-1; Vero cells; bioactivity; toxicity; non-linear dose effect; milk; meat; MTT assay; GFP assay; food safety ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; MAIZE PRODUCTS; B-1; CONTAMINATION; OCHRATOXIN; MYCOTOXINS; CANCER; WHEAT AB Aflatoxin-producing fungi contaminate food and feed during pre-harvest, storage and processing periods. Once consumed, aflatoxins (AFs) accumulate in tissues, causing illnesses in animals and humans. Most human exposure to AF seems to be a result of consumption of contaminated plant and animal products. The policy of blending and dilution of grain containing higher levels of aflatoxins with uncontaminated grains for use in animal feed implicitly assumes that the deleterious effects of low levels of the toxins are linearly correlated to concentration. This assumption may not be justified, since it involves extrapolation of these nontoxic levels in feed, which are not of further concern. To develop a better understanding of the significance of low dose effects, in the present study, we developed quantitative methods for the detection of biologically active aflatoxin B-1 (AFB1) in Vero cells by two independent assays: the green fluorescent protein (GFP) assay, as a measure of protein synthesis by the cells, and the microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, as a measure of cell viability. The results demonstrate a non-linear dose-response relationship at the cellular level. AFB1 at low concentrations has an opposite biological effect to higher doses that inhibit protein synthesis. Additional studies showed that heat does not affect the stability of AFB1 in milk and that the Vero cell model can be used to determine the presence of bioactive AFB1 in spiked beef, lamb and turkey meat. The implication of the results for the cumulative effects of low amounts of AFB1 in numerous foods is discussed. C1 [Rasooly, Reuven; Hernlem, Bradley; He, Xiaohua] ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Rasooly, R (reprint author), ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM reuven.rasooly@usda.gov; bradley.hernlem@ars.usda.gov; xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov; mendel.friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD AUG PY 2013 VL 5 IS 8 BP 1447 EP 1461 DI 10.3390/toxins5081447 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AC9CK UT WOS:000332831500009 PM 23949006 ER PT J AU Li, CY Yu, PC Takeda, F Krewer, G AF Li, Changying Yu, Pengcheng Takeda, Fumiomi Krewer, Gerard TI A Miniature Instrumented Sphere to Understand Impacts Created by Mechanical Blueberry Harvesters SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Mechanized Harvest of Southern Highbush Blueberries for the Fresh Market CY AUG 02-02, 2012 CL ASHS, Miami, FL HO ASHS DE Vaccinium; Smart Berry; sensor; bruising; rotary; slapper AB The majority of U.S. northern highbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum) and southern highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum hybrids) for the fresh market is hand harvested because of the high bruising damage to the fruit caused by current machine harvesters. To reduce bruising, it is important to understand how the harvester's machine parts interact with the fruit. A miniature instrumented sphere, hereafter referred to as Smart Berry, was developed to mimic a blueberry (Vaccinium species and hybrids) fruit and to quantitatively measure mechanical impacts experienced by a real blueberry fruit during mechanical harvesting. The Smart Berry sensor recorded impacts using three single-axis accelerometers with a maximum sampling frequency of 3 kHz and +/- 500 g(n), sensing range. Calibration tests showed that the maximum error of the measurement was 0.53% of the output span. The diameter of the sensor (1 inch) was only half of that for the current smallest instrumented sphere on the market. Used together with a close-up video, the fully calibrated sensors were used to identify and measure mechanical impacts occurring in a commercial rotary blueberry harvester. The data suggested that the catch pan created the largest single mechanical impacts. Thus, reducing the drop height or padding the surface could be effective measures to reduce bruising damage caused by the catch pans. The Smart Berry was also used to compare harvesters with two different detaching mechanisms. The rotary detaching mechanism created significantly fewer and lower-magnitude impacts than the slapper mechanism (P 0.05). Manual drop tests demonstrated that the impact data recorded by the Smart Berry can be correlated with bruising damage experienced by blueberry fruit. Taken together, the data can be used to improve the design of the current machine harvesters for reduction of bruising damage to blueberry fruit destined for the fresh market, and potentially lead to enhanced highbush blueberry production efficiency in the long run. C1 [Li, Changying; Yu, Pengcheng] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Takeda, Fumiomi] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Krewer, Gerard] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM cyli@uga.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2008-51180-19579] FX This project was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative (Award No. 2008-51180-19579). NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD AUG PY 2013 VL 23 IS 4 BP 425 EP 429 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD7XO UT WOS:000333481000008 ER PT J AU Takeda, F Krewer, G Li, CY MacLean, D Olmstead, JW AF Takeda, Fumiomi Krewer, Gerard Li, Changying MacLean, Daniel Olmstead, James W. TI Techniques for Increasing Machine Harvest Efficiency in Highbush Blueberry SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop Mechanized Harvest of Southern Highbush Blueberries for the Fresh Market CY AUG 02-02, 2012 CL ASHS, Miami, FL HO ASHS DE Vaccinium; ground loss; bruise; impact damage; catch plate; crown restriction; sparkleberry; rabbiteye ID RABBITEYE BLUEBERRIES; FIRMNESS; QUALITY; YIELD; HAND AB Northern highbush (NH) blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) and southern highbush (SH) blueberry (V. corymbosum hybrids) have fruit that vary in firmness. The SH fruit is mostly hand harvested for the fresh market. Hand harvesting is labor-intensive requiring more than 500 hours/acre. Rabbiteye blueberry (V. virgatum) tends to have firmer fruit skin than that of NH blueberry and has been mostly machine harvested for the processing industry. Sparkleberry (V. arboreum) has very firm fruit. With the challenges of labor availability, efforts are under way to produce more marketable fruit using machine harvesting. This could require changing the design of harvesting machine and plant architecture, and the development of cultivars with fruit that will bruise less after impact with hard surfaces of machines. The objectives of this study were to determine the fruit quality of machine-harvested SH blueberry, analyze the effect of drop height and padding the contact surface on fruit quality, investigate the effect of crown restriction on ground loss, and determine the effect of plant size on machine harvestability. The fruit of 'Farthing', 'Scintilla', 'Sweetcrisp', and several selections were either hand harvested or machine harvested and assessed during postharvest storage for bruise damage and softening. Machine harvesting contributed to bruise damage in the fruit and softening in storage. The fruit of firm-textured SH blueberry ('Farthing', 'Sweetcrisp', and selection FL 05-528) was firmer than that of 'Scintilla' after 1 week in cold storage. Fruit drop tests from a height of 20 and 40 inches on a plastic surface showed that 'Scintilla' was more susceptible to bruising than that of firm-textured 'Farthing' and 'Sweetcrisp'. When the contact surface was cushioned with a foam sheet, bruise incidence was significantly reduced in all SH blueberry used in the study. Also, the fruit dropped 40 inches developed more bruise damage than those dropped 20 inches. Ground loss during machine harvesting was reduced from 24% to 17% by modifying the rabbiteye blueberry plant architecture. Further modifications to harvesting machines and plant architecture are necessary to improve the quality of machine-harvested SH and rabbiteye blueberry fruit and the overall efficiency of blueberry (Vaccinium species and hybrids) harvesting machines. C1 [Takeda, Fumiomi] ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Krewer, Gerard; MacLean, Daniel] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Li, Changying] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Olmstead, James W.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Takeda, F (reprint author), ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM fumi.takeda@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative, NIFA [2008-51180-19579] FX The funding for this study is provided by the USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative, NIFA Award Number 2008-51180-19579. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD AUG PY 2013 VL 23 IS 4 BP 430 EP 436 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD7XO UT WOS:000333481000009 ER PT J AU Haley-Lock, A Berman, D Timberlake, JM AF Haley-Lock, Anna Berman, Danielle Timberlake, Jeffrey M. TI Employment Opportunity for Workers Without a College Degree Across the Public, Nonprofit, and For-Profit Sectors SO WORK AND OCCUPATIONS LA English DT Article DE job quality; college degree; public sector; nonprofit sector; unions ID HUMAN-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; JOB QUALITY; FEDERAL-GOVERNMENT; PRIVATE-SECTORS; UNITED-STATES; PERFORMANCE; IMPACT; FLEXIBILITY; INEQUALITY; TRANSITION AB The public and nonprofit sectors are known for providing enhanced employment opportunity to women, persons of color, and parents. The authors ask whether the same is true for workers without college degrees, examining sectoral differences in access to jobs offering fringe benefits, full-time hours, and schedule flexibility. The authors find that the influence of sector and union representation on job quality varies by type of benefit. For example, among public and for-profit employees, union representation is positively associated with benefits availability. Nonprofit employees of either union status have less access to full-time hours, and schedule flexibility is comparably available to all but unionized for-profit workers. C1 [Haley-Lock, Anna] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Berman, Danielle] USDA Food & Nutr Serv, Off Res & Anal, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Timberlake, Jeffrey M.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Haley-Lock, A (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1350 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM haleylock@wisc.edu NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0730-8884 EI 1552-8464 J9 WORK OCCUPATION JI Work Occup. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 40 IS 3 BP 281 EP 311 DI 10.1177/0730888412475070 PG 31 WC Industrial Relations & Labor; Sociology SC Business & Economics; Sociology GA 301FJ UT WOS:000330517900003 ER PT J AU Ctuaglino, F Zhao, Y Casati, P Bulgari, D Bianco, PA Wei, W Davis, RE AF Ctuaglino, Fabio Zhao, Yan Casati, Paola Bulgari, Daniela Bianco, Piero Attilio Wei, Wei Davis, Robert Edward TI 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani', a novel taxon associated with stolbur- and bois noir-related diseases of plants SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YELLOW LEAF PHYTOPLASMA; GRAPEVINE YELLOWS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; 1ST REPORT; PHYTOPATHOGENIC MOLLICUTES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GROUP 16SRV; AUSTRALIENSE; CLASSIFICATION AB Phytoplasmas classified in group 16SrXII infect a wide range of plants and are transmitted by polyphagous planthoppers of the family Cixiidae. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence identity and biological properties, group 16SrXII encompasses several species, including 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense', 'Candidatus Phytoplasma japonicum' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma fragariae'. Other group 16SrXII phytoplasma strains are associated with stolbur disease in wild and cultivated herbaceous and woody plants and with bois noir disease in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Such latter strains have been informally proposed to represent a separate species, 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani', but a formal description of this taxon has not previously been published. In the present work, stolbur disease strain STOL11 (STOL) was distinguished from reference strains of previously described species of the 'Candidatus Phytoplasma' genus based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and a unique signature sequence in the 16S rRNA gene. Other stolbur- and bois noir-associated ('Ca. Phytoplasma solani') strains shared >99 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with strain STOL11 and contained the signature sequence. 'Ca. Phytoplasma solani' is the only phytoplasma known to be transmitted by Hyalesthes obsoletus. Insect vectorship and molecular characteristics are consistent with the concept that diverse 'Ca. Phytoplasma solani' strains share common properties and represent an ecologically distinct gene pool. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA, tuf, secY and rpIV-rpsC gene sequences supported this view and yielded congruent trees in which 'Ca. Phytoplasma solani' strains formed, within the group 16SrXII clade, a monophyletic subclade that was most closely related to, but distinct from, that of 'Ca. Phytoplasma australiense'-related strains. Based on distinct molecular and biological properties, stolbur- and bois noir-associated strains are proposed to represent a novel species level taxon, 'Ca. Phytoplasma solani'; STOL11 is designated the reference strain. C1 [Ctuaglino, Fabio; Casati, Paola; Bulgari, Daniela; Bianco, Piero Attilio] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Sci Agr Ambientali Prod, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Zhao, Yan; Wei, Wei; Davis, Robert Edward] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wei, Wei] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Davis, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM robert.davis@ars.usda.gov OI Casati, Paola/0000-0001-6152-8712; Bianco, Piero Attilio/0000-0002-9541-1923; QUAGLINO, FABIO/0000-0001-8866-0633 NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 63 BP 2879 EP 2894 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.044750-0 PN 8 PG 16 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 297RA UT WOS:000330271400021 ER PT J AU Lachance, MA Kurtzman, CP AF Lachance, M. -A. Kurtzman, C. P. TI The yeast genus Tortispora gen. nov., description of Tortispora ganteri sp nov., Tortispora mauiana f.a., sp nov., Tortispora agaves f.a., sp nov., Tortispora sangerardonensis f.a., sp nov., Tortispora cuajiniquilana f.a., sp nov., Tortispora starmeri f.a., sp nov and Tortispora phaffii f.a., sp nov., reassignment of Candida caseinolytica to Tortispora caseinolytica f.a., comb. nov., emendation of Botryozyma, and assignment of Botryozyma, Tortispora gen. nov and Trigonopsis to the family Trigonopsidaceae fam. nov. SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIGENE PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CACTUS TISSUE; ASCOBOTRYOZYMA; ULTRASTRUCTURE; NEMATODES; BEETLES; ECOLOGY; COMPLEX AB We describe the yeast genus Tortispora gen. nov., an early-diverging lineage in the Saccharomycetales that displays the formation of helical ascospores. The genus is based on 16 strains resembling Candida caseinolytica that were isolated from necrotic plant tissue in warm regions of the New World. Based on sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the nuclear large subunit rRNA gene, as well as other data, the strains are assigned to eight distinct species. The species are nutritionally specialized and share the unusual ability to hydrolyse casein and to grow on 1-butanol as sole carbon source. One species of the proposed new genus produces a simple ascus with a helical ascospore, whereas other species of the clade have failed to form ascospores. All species in the clade, including C. caseinolytica, are assigned to Tortispora gen. nov. The new binomials are Tortispora ganteri sp. nov., type species of the genus (SUB 86-469.5(T) =CBS 12581(T) = NRRL Y-17035(T)), Tortispora caseinolytica f.a., comb. nov. (UCD-FST 83-438.3(T) =CBS 7781(T) = NRRL Y-17796(T)), Tortispora mauiana f.a., sp. nov. (UWOPS 87-2430.3(T) =CBS 12803(T) =NRRL Y-48832(T)), Tortispora agaves f.a., sp. nov. (UWOPS 94-257.6(T) =CBS 12794(T) =NRRL Y-63662(T)), Tortispora sangerardonensis f.a., sp. nov. (UWOPS 00-157.1(T) =CBS 12795(T) =NRRL Y-63663(T)), Tortispora cuajiniquilana f.a., sp. nov. (UWOPS 99-344.4(T) =CBS 12796(T) =NRRL Y-63664(T)), Tortispora starmeri f.a., sp. nov. (G 91-702.5(T) =CBS 12793(T) =NRRL Y-63665(T)) and Tortispora phaffii f.a., sp. nov. (UWOPS 91445.1(T) =CBS 12804(T) =NRRL Y-48833(T)). In addition, species formerly assigned to the genus Ascobotryozyma are reassigned to the genus Botryozyma. The genera Trigonopsis, Botryozyma and Tortispora are assigned to the family Trigonopsidaceae fam. nov. C1 [Lachance, M. -A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. [Kurtzman, C. P.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Lachance, MA (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. EM lachance@uwo.ca FU Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada FX We acknowledge funding by the Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada to MAL. Field assistance by Jane Bowles (University of Western Ontario), Dan Janzen (University of Pennsylvania), Tom Starmer (Syracuse University), and the personnel of Tequila Herradura SA de CV are gratefully acknowledged. The late Herman Phaff, Dorothy Spencer and Frank Spencer also contributed to the collections. We thank Christie Robnett (ARS-URDA, Peoria, Illinois) for technical assistance and Richard Gardiner (Biotron, University of Western Ontario), for help with scanning electron microscopy. We are most indebted to Phil Ganter (Tennessee State University) for the gift of strains. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 63 BP 3104 EP 3114 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.052209-0 PN 8 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 297RA UT WOS:000330271400055 PM 23710057 ER PT J AU Uhlich, GA Chen, CY Cottrell, BJ Hofmann, CS Dudley, EG Strobaugh, TP Nguyen, LH AF Uhlich, Gaylen A. Chen, Chin-Yi Cottrell, Bryan J. Hofmann, Christopher S. Dudley, Edward G. Strobaugh, Terence P., Jr. Ly-Huong Nguyen TI Phage insertion in mlrA and variations in rpoS limit curli expression and biofilm formation in Escherichia coli serotype O157: H7 SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID TRANSLATION INITIATION REGION; CSGD PROMOTER; STATIONARY-PHASE; ACID RESISTANCE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; GENE-EXPRESSION; ANTISENSE RNAS; REGULATOR; REPRESSION AB Biofilm formation in Escherichia coli is a tightly controlled process requiring the expression of adhesive curli fibres and certain polysaccharides such as cellulose. The transcriptional regulator CsgD is central to biofilm formation, controlling the expression of the curli structural and export proteins and the diguanylate cyclase adrA, which indirectly activates cellulose production. CsgD itself is highly regulated by two sigma factors (RpoS and RpoD), multiple DNA-binding proteins, small regulatory RNAs and several GGDEF/EAL proteins acting through c-di-GMP. One such transcription factor MlrA binds the csgD promoter to enhance the RpoS-dependent transcription of csgD. Bacteriophage, often carrying the stx(1) gene, utilize an insertion site in the proximal mlrA coding region of E. coli serotype O157 : H7 strains, and the loss of mlrA function would be expected to be the major factor contributing to poor curli and biofilm expression in that serotype. Using a bank of 55 strains of serotype O157 : H7, we investigated the consequences of bacteriophage insertion. Although curli/biofilm expression was restored in many of the prophage-bearing strains by a wild-type copy of mlrA on a multi-copy plasmid, more than half of the strains showed only partial or no complementation. Moreover, the two strains carrying an intact mlrA were found to be deficient in biofilm formation. However, RpoS mutations that attenuated or inactivated RpoS-dependent functions such as biofilm formation were found in >70% of the strains, including the two strains with an intact mlrA. We conclude that bacteriophage interruption of mlrA and RpoS mutations provide major obstacles limiting curli expression and biofilm formation in most serotype O157 : H7 strains. C1 [Uhlich, Gaylen A.; Chen, Chin-Yi; Cottrell, Bryan J.; Hofmann, Christopher S.; Strobaugh, Terence P., Jr.; Ly-Huong Nguyen] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Dudley, Edward G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Uhlich, GA (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA USA. EM gaylen.uhlich@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD AUG PY 2013 VL 159 BP 1586 EP 1596 DI 10.1099/mic.0.066118-0 PN 8 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 297NJ UT WOS:000330261900006 PM 23744902 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Haff, RP Faria, NCG Martins, MD Chan, KL Campbell, BC AF Kim, Jong H. Haff, Ronald P. Faria, Natalia C. G. Martins, Maria de L. Chan, Kathleen L. Campbell, Bruce C. TI Targeting the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain of Cryptococcus through Antifungal Chemosensitization: A Model for Control of Non-Fermentative Pathogens SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE chemosensitization; Cryptococcus; Candida; Saccharomyces; octyl gallate; 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; mitochondrial respiration inhibitors ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; OCTYL GALLATE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FLUCONAZOLE; ATOVAQUONE; THERAPY; AGENTS AB Enhanced control of species of Cryptococcus, non-fermentative yeast pathogens, was achieved by chemosensitization through co-application of certain compounds with a conventional antimicrobial drug. The species of Cryptococcus tested showed higher sensitivity to mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) inhibition compared to species of Candida. This higher sensitivity results from the inability of Cryptococcus to generate cellular energy through fermentation. To heighten disruption of cellular MRC, octyl gallate (OG) or 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (2,3-DHBA), phenolic compounds inhibiting mitochondrial functions, were selected as chemosensitizers to pyraclostrobin (PCS; an inhibitor of complex III of MRC). The cryptococci were more susceptible to the chemosensitization (i.e., PCS + OG or 2,3-DHBA) than the Candida with all Cryptococcus strains tested being sensitive to this chemosensitization. Alternatively, only few of the Candida strains showed sensitivity. OG possessed higher chemosensitizing potency than 2,3-DHBA, where the concentration of OG required with the drug to achieve chemosensitizing synergism was much lower than that required of 2,3-DHBA. Bioassays with gene deletion mutants of the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that OG or 2,3-DHBA affect different cellular targets. These assays revealed mitochondrial superoxide dismutase or glutathione homeostasis plays a relatively greater role in fungal tolerance to 2,3-DHBA or OG, respectively. These findings show that application of chemosensitizing compounds that augment MRC debilitation is a promising strategy to antifungal control against yeast pathogens. C1 [Kim, Jong H.; Haff, Ronald P.; Chan, Kathleen L.; Campbell, Bruce C.] ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Faria, Natalia C. G.; Martins, Maria de L.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Higiene & Med Trop CREM, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jongheon.kim@ars.usda.gov; ron.haff@ars.usda.gov; natalia.faria@arslvt.min-saude.pt; luzmartins@ihmt.unl.pt; kathy.chan@ars.usda.gov; campbellbrc@gmail.com OI Martins, Maria da Luz/0000-0002-2471-2972 FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-42000-037-00D] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-037-00D. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 IS 8 BP 8873 EP 8894 DI 10.3390/molecules18088873 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 298DL UT WOS:000330304100013 PM 23892633 ER PT J AU Dias, SJ Li, K Rimando, AM Dhar, S Mizuno, CS Penman, AD Levenson, AS AF Dias, Steven J. Li, Kun Rimando, Agnes M. Dhar, Swati Mizuno, Cassia S. Penman, Alan D. Levenson, Anait S. TI Trimethoxy-Resveratrol and Piceatannol Administered Orally Suppress and Inhibit Tumor Formation and Growth in Prostate Cancer Xenografts SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; chemoprevention; dietary stilbenes; xenografts; oral gavage ID ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; CARCINOMA CELLS; LNCAP CELLS; IN-VIVO; PTEROSTILBENE; EXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS; ANALOGS; MECHANISMS; PATHWAY AB BACKGROUND. Resveratrol (Res) is recognized as a promising cancer chemoprevention dietary polyphenol with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. However, the role of its analogues in prostate cancer (PCa) chemoprevention is unknown. METHODS. We synthesized several natural and synthetic analogues of Res and characterized their effects on PCa cells in vitro using a cell proliferation assay. A colony formation assay and in vitro validation of luciferase (Luc) activity was done for LNCaP-Luc cells that were consequently used for in vivo studies. The efficacy of Res, trimethoxy-resveratrol (3M-Res) and piceatannol (PIC) was studied in a subcutaneous (s.c.) model of PCa using oral gavage. Tumor progression was monitored by traditional caliper and bioluminescent imaging. The levels of cytokines in serum were examined by ELISA, and the levels of compounds in serum and tumor tissues were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS. We examined the anti-proliferative activities of Res/analogues in three PCa cell lines. We further compared the chemopreventive effects of oral Res, 3M-Res, and PIC in LNCaP-Luc-xenografts. We found that 2 weeks pretreatment with the compounds diminished cell colonization, reduced tumor volume, and decreased tumor growth in the xenografts. Both 3M-Res and PIC demonstrated higher potency in inhibiting tumor progression compared to Res. Notably, 3M-Res was the most active in inhibiting cell proliferation and suppressing colony formation, and its accumulation in both serum and tumor tissues was the highest. CONCLUSIONS. Our findings offer strong pre-clinical evidence for the utilization of dietary stilbenes, particularly 3M-Res, as novel, potent, effective chemopreventive agents in PCa. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Dias, Steven J.; Li, Kun; Dhar, Swati; Levenson, Anait S.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Inst Canc, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Rimando, Agnes M.; Mizuno, Cassia S.] ARS, USDA, Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. [Penman, Alan D.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Ctr Biostat & Bioinformat, University, MS 38677 USA. [Levenson, Anait S.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Levenson, AS (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Inst Canc, 2500 North State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM alevenson@umc.edu FU Intramural Research Support Program (IRSP) FX Grant sponsor: Intramural Research Support Program (IRSP). NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-4137 EI 1097-0045 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD AUG PY 2013 VL 73 IS 11 BP 1135 EP 1146 DI 10.1002/pros.22657 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA 296NM UT WOS:000330191800001 PM 23657951 ER PT J AU Thome, K Goldberg, M Mita, D Stensaas, GL AF Thome, Kurt Goldberg, Mitch Mita, Dath Stensaas, Gregory L. CA JACIE Team TI JACIE: A MODEL PARTNERSHIP SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Thome, Kurt] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Goldberg, Mitch] NOAA, Washington, DC USA. [Mita, Dath] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Stensaas, Gregory L.] USGS, Garretson, SD USA. RP Thome, K (reprint author), NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA. RI Thome, Kurtis/D-7251-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 79 IS 8 BP 681 EP 682 PG 2 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 295CC UT WOS:000330093200002 ER PT J AU Waldbieser, GC Bosworth, BG AF Waldbieser, G. C. Bosworth, B. G. TI A standardized microsatellite marker panel for parentage and kinship analyses in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE family; identification; spawn ID NATURAL-POPULATIONS; ASSIGNMENT; SNP; PROBABILITY; PROGRAM; LOCI AB This research was designed to produce a standardized set of microsatellite loci for parentage and kinship analyses in channel catfish, the leading species of US aquaculture. Three panels of five to six markers each were developed that contained a total of two dinucleotide-, eight trinucleotide- and seven tetranucleotide-microsatellite loci respectively. The loci had a range of nine to 31 alleles per locus in an outbred population. Based on the allele frequencies measured in commercial randomly bred broodstock, the combined probability of non-exclusion of an unrelated candidate parent pair was 5.36e-18. The combined probability of non-exclusion of unrelated identical genotypes was 2.58e-08. The microsatellite panels were validated by parentage and kinship evaluation in three populations. A total of 697 spawns were collected from matings of outbred broodstock over three spawning seasons, and parents were determined unambiguously for all but three spawns. Genotype analysis also enabled the identification of half-sibling and full-sibling families produced by pond spawning. In a second experiment, parentage was unambiguously determined in nine spawns from a population consisting of broodstock derived from only four families. A third experiment demonstrated that all but one of 374 individuals from 10 full-sibling families could be assigned to a family after coculture in an earthen pond for 1year. The standardized microsatellite panels enable the development of pedigreed catfish populations and large-scale performance evaluations in common environments to support the genetic improvement of cultured catfish through selective breeding. C1 [Waldbieser, G. C.; Bosworth, B. G.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Waldbieser, GC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Geoff.Waldbieser@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-9146 EI 1365-2052 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 44 IS 4 BP 476 EP 479 DI 10.1111/age.12017 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 282UW UT WOS:000329200100019 PM 23216371 ER PT J AU Haag, WR AF Haag, Wendell R. TI The role of fecundity and reproductive effort in defining life-history strategies of North American freshwater mussels SO BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE life history; trade-off; fecundity; reproduction; glochidia; unionidae; margaritiferidae; unionoida ID SPECIES BIVALVIA UNIONIDAE; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; ANODONTA-GRANDIS; TENNESSEE RIVER; GROWTH-RATES; CLINCH RIVER; FISH HOSTS; EVOLUTION; BIOLOGY; MOLLUSCA AB Selection is expected to optimize reproductive investment resulting in characteristic trade-offs among traits such as brood size, offspring size, somatic maintenance, and lifespan; relative patterns of energy allocation to these functions are important in defining life-history strategies. Freshwater mussels are a diverse and imperiled component of aquatic ecosystems, but little is known about their life-history strategies, particularly patterns of fecundity and reproductive effort. Because mussels have an unusual life cycle in which larvae (glochidia) are obligate parasites on fishes, differences in host relationships are expected to influence patterns of reproductive output among species. I investigated fecundity and reproductive effort (RE) and their relationships to other life-history traits for a taxonomically broad cross section of North American mussel diversity. Annual fecundity of North American mussel species spans nearly four orders of magnitude, ranging from <2000 to 10 million, but most species have considerably lower fecundity than previous generalizations, which portrayed the group as having uniformly high fecundity (e.g. >200000). Estimates of RE also were highly variable, ranging among species from 0.06 to 25.4%. Median fecundity and RE differed among phylogenetic groups, but patterns for these two traits differed in several ways. For example, the tribe Anodontini had relatively low median fecundity but had the highest RE of any group. Within and among species, body size was a strong predictor of fecundity and explained a high percentage of variation in fecundity among species. Fecundity showed little relationship to other life-history traits including glochidial size, lifespan, brooding strategies, or host strategies. The only apparent trade-off evident among these traits was the extraordinarily high fecundity of Leptodea, Margaritifera, and Truncilla, which may come at a cost of greatly reduced glochidial size; there was no relationship between fecundity and glochidial size for the remaining 61 species in the dataset. In contrast to fecundity, RE showed evidence of a strong trade-off with lifespan, which was negatively related to RE. The raw number of glochidia produced may be determined primarily by physical and energetic constraints rather than selection for optimal output based on differences in host strategies or other traits. By integrating traits such as body size, glochidial size, and fecundity, RE appears more useful in defining mussel life-history strategies. Combined with trade-offs between other traits such as growth, lifespan, and age at maturity, differences in RE among species depict a broad continuum of divergent strategies ranging from strongly r-selected species (e.g. tribe Anodontini and some Lampsilini) to K-selected species (e.g. tribes Pleurobemini and Quadrulini; family Margaritiferidae). Future studies of reproductive effort in an environmental and life-history context will be useful for understanding the explosive radiation of this group of animals in North America and will aid in the development of effective conservation strategies. C1 US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Forest Hydrol Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Haag, WR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Forest Hydrol Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM whaag@fs.fed.us FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Weyerhaeuser Company; Southern Research Station, US Forest Service FX I thank the following people for their various contributions to this study. Steve Ahlstedt, Chris Barnhart, Ryan Evans, Steve Fraley, Jeff Garner, Mark Hove, John Harris, Paul Johnson, Larry Shaffer, Jim Stoeckel, and Tom Watters provided or helped collect specimens. Chris Barnhart, Al Christian, Rachel Mair, Michael Stewart, Jess Jones, and Jim Layzer kindly provided unpublished data on fecundity of several species. Leann Staton, Mickey Bland, Amy Commens-Carson, Angela Greer, Karen Higgins, Liz McQuire, and Anthony Rietl helped in the field and conducted much of the laboratory work. This study was supported by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Weyerhaeuser Company, and the Southern Research Station, US Forest Service. NR 90 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-7931 EI 1469-185X J9 BIOL REV JI Biol. Rev. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 88 IS 3 BP 745 EP 766 DI 10.1111/brv.12028 PG 22 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 279IC UT WOS:000328952600013 PM 23445204 ER PT J AU Malone, SL Starr, G Staudhammer, CL Ryan, MG AF Malone, Sparkle L. Starr, Gregory Staudhammer, Christina L. Ryan, Michael G. TI Effects of simulated drought on the carbon balance of Everglades short-hydroperiod marsh SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon cycling; climate change; Everglades; freshwater marsh; greenhouse carbon balance; greenhouse warming potential ID FLORIDA EVERGLADES; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; METHANE EXCHANGE; ARCTIC EXAMPLE; GROWING-SEASON; CO2 EXCHANGE; VEGETATION; WETLANDS; FLUX; REFLECTANCE AB Hydrology drives the carbon balance of wetlands by controlling the uptake and release of CO2 and CH4. Longer dry periods in between heavier precipitation events predicted for the Everglades region, may alter the stability of large carbon pools in this wetland's ecosystems. To determine the effects of drought on CO2 fluxes and CH4 emissions, we simulated changes in hydroperiod with three scenarios that differed in the onset rate of drought (gradual, intermediate, and rapid transition into drought) on 18 freshwater wetland monoliths collected from an Everglades short-hydroperiod marsh. Simulated drought, regardless of the onset rate, resulted in higher net CO2 losses net ecosystem exchange (NEE) over the 22-week manipulation. Drought caused extensive vegetation dieback, increased ecosystem respiration (R-eco), and reduced carbon uptake gross ecosystem exchange (GEE). Photosynthetic potential measured by reflective indices (photochemical reflectance index, water index, normalized phaeophytinization index, and the normalized difference vegetation index) indicated that water stress limited GEE and inhibited R-eco. As a result of drought-induced dieback, NEE did not offset methane production during periods of inundation. The average ratio of net CH4 to NEE over the study period was 0.06, surpassing the 100-year greenhouse warming compensation point for CH4 (0.04). Drought-induced diebacks of sawgrass (C-3) led to the establishment of the invasive species torpedograss (C-4) when water was resupplied. These changes in the structure and function indicate that freshwater marsh ecosystems can become a net source of CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere, even following an extended drought. Future changes in precipitation patterns and drought occurrence/duration can change the carbon storage capacity of freshwater marshes from sinks to sources of carbon to the atmosphere. Therefore, climate change will impact the carbon storage capacity of freshwater marshes by influencing water availability and the potential for positive feedbacks on radiative forcing. C1 [Malone, Sparkle L.; Starr, Gregory; Staudhammer, Christina L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 USA. [Malone, Sparkle L.; Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Malone, SL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, 300 Hackberry Lane,1328 S&E Complex, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 USA. EM slmalone@crimson.ua.edu RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 FU Department of Energy's (DOE) National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR) [07-SC-NICCR-1059]; US Department of Education Graduate Assistantships in Areas of National Need (GAANN) grant; National Science Foundation through the Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research program [DBI-0620409, DEB-9910514]; United States Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX This research was funded by the Department of Energy's (DOE) National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR) through grant 07-SC-NICCR-1059 and the US Department of Education Graduate Assistantships in Areas of National Need (GAANN) grant. This research was also supported by the National Science Foundation through the Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research program under Cooperative Agreements DBI-0620409 and DEB-9910514 and by the United States Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. We would also like to thank P. Olivas and S. Oberbauer for their help in data collection. NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 10 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 2511 EP 2523 DI 10.1111/gcb.12211 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 276IV UT WOS:000328744900018 PM 23554284 ER PT J AU Nagler, PL Glenn, EP Nguyen, U Scott, RL Doody, T AF Nagler, Pamela L. Glenn, Edward P. Uyen Nguyen Scott, Russell L. Doody, Tanya TI Estimating Riparian and Agricultural Actual Evapotranspiration by Reference Evapotranspiration and MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; leaf area index; water balance; alfalfa; saltcedar; common reed; mesquite ID TERM WATER BALANCES; CROP COEFFICIENTS; MONITORING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; EDDY-COVARIANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FLUXNET SITES; GROUNDWATER; BASIN; CONDUCTANCE AB Dryland river basins frequently support both irrigated agriculture and riparian vegetation and remote sensing methods are needed to monitor water use by both crops and natural vegetation in irrigation districts. We developed an algorithm for estimating actual evapotranspiration (ETa) based on the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensor on the EOS-1 Terra satellite and locally-derived measurements of reference crop ET (ETo). The algorithm was calibrated with five years of ETa data from three eddy covariance flux towers set in riparian plant associations on the upper San Pedro River, Arizona, supplemented with ETa data for alfalfa and cotton from the literature. The algorithm was based on an equation of the form ETa = ETo [a(1 - e(-bEVI)) - c], where the term (1 - e(-bEVI)) is derived from the Beer-Lambert Law to express light absorption by a canopy, with EVI replacing leaf area index as an estimate of the density of light-absorbing units. The resulting algorithm capably predicted ETa across riparian plants and crops (r(2) = 0.73). It was then tested against water balance data for five irrigation districts and flux tower data for two riparian zones for which season-long or multi-year ETa data were available. Predictions were within 10% of measured results in each case, with a non-significant (P = 0.89) difference between mean measured and modeled ETa of 5.4% over all validation sites. Validation and calibration data sets were combined to present a final predictive equation for application across crops and riparian plant associations for monitoring individual irrigation districts or for conducting global water use assessments of mixed agricultural and riparian biomes. C1 [Nagler, Pamela L.] US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Nagler, Pamela L.; Glenn, Edward P.; Doody, Tanya] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Uyen Nguyen] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. [Scott, Russell L.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Nagler, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 1110 E South Campus Dr,Room 123, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM pnagler@usgs.gov; eglenn@cals.arizona.edu; uyenn@email.arizona.edu; russ.scott@ars.usda.gov; tanya.doody@csiro.au RI doody, tanya/C-6890-2011 FU USGS John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis FX Authors would like to thank USGS John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis for funding the Working group on Global Croplands (WGGC). Our special thanks to Powell Center Directors: Jill Baron and Marty Goldhaber. Inputs from WGGC team members are acknowledged, particularly the review from Michael Marshall of USGS (http://powellcenter.usgs.gov/current_projects.php#GlobalCroplandMembers ). NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 39 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 5 IS 8 BP 3849 EP 3871 DI 10.3390/rs5083849 PG 23 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 274SI UT WOS:000328626100010 ER PT J AU Zhi, D Aslibekyan, S Irvin, MR Claas, SA Borecki, IB Ordovas, JM Absher, DM Arnett, DK AF Zhi, Degui Aslibekyan, Stella Irvin, Marguerite R. Claas, Steven A. Borecki, Ingrid B. Ordovas, Jose M. Absher, Devin M. Arnett, Donna K. TI SNPs located at CpG sites modulate genome-epigenome interaction SO EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article DE DNA methylation; meSNP; meQTL; epigenome-wide study; Infinium Human Methylation 450K BeadChip ID FENOFIBRATE TREATMENT; WIDE ASSOCIATION; DIET NETWORK; METHYLATION; GENETICS; GOLDN AB DNA methylation is an important molecular-level phenotype that links genotypes and complex disease traits. Previous studies have found local correlation between genetic variants and DNA methylation levels (cis-meQTLs). However, general mechanisms underlying cis-meQTLs are unclear. We conducted a cis-meQTL analysis of the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network data (n = 593). We found that over 80% of genetic variants at CpG sites (meSNPs) are meQTL loci (P-value < 10(-9)), and meSNPs account for over two thirds of the strongest meQTL signals (P-value < 10(-200)). Beyond direct effects on the methylation of the meSNP site, the CpG-disrupting allele of meSNPs were associated with lowered methylation of CpG sites located within 45 bp. The effect of meSNPs extends to as far as 10 kb and can contribute to the observed meQTL signals in the surrounding region, likely through correlated methylation patterns and linkage disequilibrium. Therefore, meSNPs are behind a large portion of observed meQTL signals and play a crucial role in the biological process linking genetic variation to epigenetic changes. C1 [Zhi, Degui] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Aslibekyan, Stella; Irvin, Marguerite R.; Claas, Steven A.; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Div Stat Gen, St Louis, MO USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Absher, Devin M.] Hudson Alpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Aslibekyan, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM saslibek@uab.edu OI Claas, Steven/0000-0001-9789-8395 NR 14 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 5 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1559-2294 EI 1559-2308 J9 EPIGENETICS-US JI Epigenetics PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 BP 802 EP 806 DI 10.4161/epi.25501 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 260WW UT WOS:000327626300005 PM 23811543 ER PT J AU Akao, H Polisecki, E Kajinami, K Trompet, S Ford, I Jukema, JW De Craen, AJM Westendorp, RGJ Packard, C Schaefer, EJ AF Akao, H. Polisecki, E. Kajinami, K. Trompet, S. Ford, I. Jukema, J. W. De Craen, A. J. M. Westendorp, R. G. J. Packard, C. Schaefer, E. J. CA PROSPER TI The ABCA1 gene variant and heart disease risk reduction in the elderly during pravastatin treatment SO EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Congress of the European-Society-of-Cardiology (ESC) CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 2013 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP European Soc Cardiol C1 [Akao, H.; Schaefer, E. J.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Polisecki, E.] Boston Heart Diagnost, Framingham, MA USA. [Kajinami, K.] Kanazawa Med Univ, Dept Cardiol, Uchinada, Ishikawa 92002, Japan. [Trompet, S.; Jukema, J. W.; De Craen, A. J. M.] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Leiden, Netherlands. [Ford, I.] Univ Glasgow, Robertson Ctr Biostat, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Westendorp, R. G. J.] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Gerontol & Geriatr, Leiden, Netherlands. [Packard, C.] Univ Glasgow, BHF Glasgow Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0195-668X EI 1522-9645 J9 EUR HEART J JI Eur. Heart J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 34 SU 1 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 262OH UT WOS:000327744600056 ER PT J AU Bakota, EL Winkler-Moser, JK Hwang, HS Bowman, MJ Palmquist, DE Liu, SX AF Bakota, Erica L. Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Hwang, Hong-Sik Bowman, Michael J. Palmquist, Debra E. Liu, Sean X. TI Solvent fractionation of rice bran oil to produce a spreadable rice bran product SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oxidative stability; Rice bran; Rice bran oil; Spreads ID GAMMA-ORYZANOL; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; VITAMIN-E; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; VEGETABLE-OILS; EXTRACTION; PHYTOSTEROLS; TOCOTRIENOLS AB Rice bran oil is becoming increasingly popular as a functional ingredient, due to its high stability and health benefits. We detail here a new solvent fractionation procedure for the production of a spreadable product derived from rice bran oil. Four different experimental conditions for fractionation yielded four statistically distinct populations. The spreads show distinctive trends in their physical properties, thermal behavior, and rheology, based on incubation time. The rice bran oil based spreads produced in this work consist primarily of rice bran oil but also contain rice bran wax, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and -oryzanol, as well as other sterols. Relative to rice bran oil, they are enriched in rice bran wax, saturated fatty acids, and sterols, all of which contribute to a more rigid rheological profile than that of rice bran oil. This solvent fractionation process may be used to develop rice bran oil based spreads as functional ingredients or products that may replace nut butters. Practical applications: A need exists for structured lipids and spreadable products that are shelf stable, resistant to oxidation, allergen-free, and provide health benefits to consumers. The fractionation procedure described here may be used to acquire a spreadable rice bran product from crude rice bran oil. This product is novel in composition in that it contains a significant proportion of rice bran wax, as well as tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, and -oryzanol. -Oryzanol has been shown to reduce cholesterol and has also been shown to have antioxidant activity. This spreadable product is also free of allergens present in many nut-based spreads and thus may be used as a functional ingredient in the development of a host of allergen-free products. C1 [Bakota, Erica L.; Winkler-Moser, Jill K.; Hwang, Hong-Sik; Bowman, Michael J.; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Palmquist, Debra E.] ARS, Midwest Area, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Bakota, EL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM erica.bakota@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1438-7697 EI 1438-9312 J9 EUR J LIPID SCI TECH JI Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 115 IS 8 BP 847 EP 857 DI 10.1002/ejlt.201200355 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 263NO UT WOS:000327815500003 ER PT J AU Knothe, G AF Knothe, Gerhard TI Fuel properties of methyl esters of borage and black currant oils containing methyl gamma-linolenate SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Black currant oil; Borage oil; Methyl esters; Properties ID KINEMATIC VISCOSITY; EVENING PRIMROSE; VEGETABLE-OILS; SEED OIL; BIODIESEL; ACID; BIOFUELS; PETRODIESEL; FEEDSTOCKS; MICROALGAE AB In this work, the methyl esters of two oils enriched in -linolenic acid (6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoic acid) were prepared under the aspect of evaluating their properties, including potential fuel properties. One oil is black currant oil in which -linolenic and -linolenic (9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoic acid) are relatively evenly distributed, and the other oil is borage oil which mainly contains -linolenic acid as C18:3 species. The fatty acid profiles of both oils confirm literature results. The cetane number (CN) of neat methyl -linolenate was also determined for the first time as 29.2, which is slightly higher than that of the more common methyl -linolenate. The methyl esters (biodiesel) from such oils meet most property specifications in biodiesel standards with the exception of feedstock restrictions on highly unsaturated fatty acid chains, although CNs are lower and antioxidants are required for oxidation stability. Although, due to their nutritional value and limited occurrence, these oils are unlikely biodiesel feedstocks themselves, their methyl esters may be seen as models for similar derivatives from other feedstocks with elevated levels of unsaturation, including algal oils. The H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra of black currant and borage methyl esters are also reported. C1 [Knothe, Gerhard] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCAUR, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1438-7697 EI 1438-9312 J9 EUR J LIPID SCI TECH JI Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 115 IS 8 BP 901 EP 908 DI 10.1002/ejlt.201300061 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 263NO UT WOS:000327815500008 ER PT J AU Thannhauser, TW Shen, MQ Sherwood, R Howe, K Fish, T Yang, Y Chen, W Zhang, S AF Thannhauser, Theodore W. Shen, Miaoqing Sherwood, Robert Howe, Kevin Fish, Tara Yang, Yong Chen, Wei Zhang, Sheng TI A workflow for large-scale empirical identification of cell wall N-linked glycoproteins of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit by tandem mass spectrometry SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE HILIC; Lectin affinity chromatography; N-linked glycosylation; Plant glycoproteomics; Precursor ion scan ID PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; PLANT; CHROMATOGRAPHY; TRAFFICKING; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEOMICS; DISCOVERY; SITES AB Glycosylation is a common PTM of plant proteins that impacts a large number of important biological processes. Nevertheless, the impacts of differential site occupancy and the nature of specific glycoforms are obscure. Historically, characterization of glycoproteins has been difficult due to the distinct physicochemical properties of the peptidyl and glycan moieties, the variable and dynamic nature of the glycosylation process, their heterogeneous nature, and the low relative abundance of each glycoform. In this study, we explore a new pipeline developed for large-scale empirical identification of N-linked glycoproteins of tomato fruit as part of our ongoing efforts to characterize the tomato secretome. The workflow presented involves a combination of lectin affinity, tryptic digestion, ion-pairing HILIC, and precursor ion-driven data-dependent MS/MS analysis with a script to facilitate the identification and characterization of occupied N-linked glycosylation sites. A total of 212 glycoproteins were identified in this study, in which 26 glycopeptides from 24 glycoproteins were successfully characterized in just one HILIC fraction. Further precursor ion discovery-based MS/MS and deglycosylation followed by high accuracy and resolution MS analysis were used to confirm the glycosylation sites and determine site occupancy rates. The workflow reported is robust and capable of producing large amounts of empirical data involving N-linked glycosylation sites and their associated glycoforms. C1 [Thannhauser, Theodore W.; Shen, Miaoqing; Howe, Kevin; Fish, Tara; Yang, Yong] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sherwood, Robert; Chen, Wei; Zhang, Sheng] Cornell Univ, Inst Biotechnol & Life Sci Technol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Zhang, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Biotechnol & Life Sci Technol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sz14@cornell.edu FU NIH SIG [1S10RR025449-01]; ARS CRIS [1907-21000-033/034-00D]; NSF [DBI-0606596] FX The authors would like to thank Professor Jocelyn Rose and Dr. Michelle Cilia for their thoughtful insight and useful discussions concerning this work, and Mr. Simon Hucko for his expert technical assistance. This work was partially supported by NIH SIG grant 1S10RR025449-01, ARS CRIS projects 1907-21000-033/034-00D, and NSF Plant Genome Grant DBI-0606596. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0173-0835 EI 1522-2683 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 34 IS 16 SI SI BP 2417 EP 2431 DI 10.1002/elps.201200656 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 261LC UT WOS:000327665500018 PM 23580464 ER PT J AU Damon, AL King, RP Leibtag, E AF Damon, Amy L. King, Robert P. Leibtag, Ephraim TI First of the month effect: Does it apply across food retail channels? SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE Household consumption patterns; Food retail; Low-income food consumption; SNAP payments ID LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS; CYCLE; CONSUMPTION; POOR; PAY AB In this study we use detailed daily scanner data on household food purchases to examine monthly food expenditure patterns across food retail channels. We compare food expenditure patterns in high and low-income households comparing those where Supplementary Nutrition Assistance (SNAP) is received in the first 10 days of the month versus households which receive SNAP over the first 15 days of the month. We find that food expenditure patterns vary systematically across the month within different retail channels by income and SNAP payment schedules. Low-income households in early SNAP distribution areas decrease their grocery and mass/club/superstore expenditures at the end of the calendar month and supplement this decrease with increased food expenditures in convenience stores and food away from home. Households in staggered SNAP payment areas show far fewer systematic patterns given the more distributed payment system. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Damon, Amy L.] Macalester Coll, Dept Econ, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [King, Robert P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Leibtag, Ephraim] ERS USDA, Food Econ Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Damon, AL (reprint author), Macalester Coll, Dept Econ, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. EM adamon@macalester.edu FU Economic Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture; Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was funded by the Economic Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture and by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. However, opinions and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of ERS-USDA or the University of Minnesota. All errors are our own. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 EI 1873-5657 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD AUG PY 2013 VL 41 BP 18 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.04.005 PG 10 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 256AH UT WOS:000327281600003 ER PT J AU Chen, J Zhang, GM AF Chen, Jian Zhang, Guangmei TI Effect of gland extracts on digging and residing preferences of red imported fire ant workers (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE digging preference; Dufour's gland; mandibular gland; poison gland; postpharyngeal gland; residing preference ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA BUREN; TRAIL PHEROMONE; POSTPHARYNGEAL-GLAND; MANDIBULAR GLAND; ALARM PHEROMONES; DUFOURS GLAND; SECRETION; IDENTIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; VENOM AB There is evidence that ant-derived chemical stimuli are involved in regulating the digging behavior in Solenopsis invicta Buren. However, the source gland(s) and chemistry of such stimuli have never been revealed. In this study, extracts of mandibular, Dufour's, postpharyngeal, and poison glands were evaluated for their effect on ant digging and residing preferences of S. invicta workers from three colonies. In the intracolonial bioassays, workers showed significant digging preferences to mandibular gland extracts in 2 of 3 colonies and significant residing preferences in 1 of 3 colonies; significant digging preferences to Dufour's gland extracts in 1 of 3 colonies and significant residing preferences in 2 of 3 colonies. No digging and residing preferences were found for postpharyngeal and poison gland extracts. In intercolonial bioassays, significant digging and residing preferences were found for mandibular gland extracts in 3 of 6 colony combinations. Significant digging preferences to Dufour's gland extracts were found in 4 of 6 colony combinations and significant residing preferences in all 6 colony combinations. For postpharyngeal gland extracts, significant digging preferences were found only in 1 of 6 colonial combinations and no significant residing preferences were found. For poison gland extracts, no significant digging preferences were found; significant residing preferences were found in 1 of 6 colony combinations. However, a significant residing deterrence (negative residing preference index) was found for 2 of 6 colony combinations. Statistical analyses using data pooled from all colonies showed that mandibular and Dufour's gland extracts caused significant digging and residing preferences in both intracolonial and intercolonial bioassays but not postpharyngeal and poison gland extracts. By analyzing the data pooled from the same three colonies used for gland extract bioassays, it was found that, in no cases, workers showed significant digging and residing preferences to 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, an alarm pheromone component from mandibular gland. C1 [Chen, Jian; Zhang, Guangmei] USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jian.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 BP 456 EP 466 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01553.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 261YZ UT WOS:000327702300003 PM 23955941 ER PT J AU Rashid, T Chen, J Vogt, JT McLeod, PJ AF Rashid, Tahir Chen, Jian Vogt, James T. McLeod, Paul J. TI Arthropod prey of imported fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Mississippi sweetpotato fields SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE foraging; imported fire ant; predation; Solenopsis invicta; sweetpotato ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA HYMENOPTERA; PREDATION; DIPTERA AB The red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta (Buren), are generally considered pests. They have also been viewed as beneficial predators feeding on other insect pests of various agroecosystems. This study documents the foraging habits of fire ants in a sweetpotato field in Mississippi. Fire ant foraging trails connecting outside colonies to a sweetpotato field were exposed and foraging ants moving out of the field toward the direction of the colonywere collected along with the solid food particles theywere carrying. The food material was classified as arthropod or plant in origin. The arthropod particles were identified to orders. Fire ant foragers carried more arthropods than plant material. Coleoptera and Homoptera were the most abundant groups preyed upon. These insect orders contain various economically important pests of sweetpotato. Other major hexapod groups included the orders Hemiptera, Diptera and Collembola. The quantity of foraged material varied over the season. No damage to sweetpotato roots could be attributed to fire ant feeding. Imported fire ant foraging may reduce the number of insect pests in sweetpotato fields. C1 [Rashid, Tahir] Alcorn State Univ, Extens Res Demonstrat Farm & Tech Transfer Ctr, Mound Bayou, MS 38762 USA. [Chen, Jian] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Vogt, James T.] USDA, FS, Knoxville, TN USA. [McLeod, Paul J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Rashid, T (reprint author), Alcorn State Univ, Extens Res Demonstrat Farm & Tech Transfer Ctr, 294 Grainger Dorsey Rd, Mound Bayou, MS 38762 USA. EM trashid@alcorn.edu NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 BP 467 EP 471 DI 10.1111/1744-7917.12003 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 261YZ UT WOS:000327702300004 PM 23955942 ER PT J AU Yang, YL Zhu, YC Ottea, J Husseneder, C Leonard, BR Abel, C Luttrell, R Huang, FN AF Yang, Yunlong Zhu, Yu Cheng Ottea, James Husseneder, Claudia Leonard, B. Rogers Abel, Craig Luttrell, Randall Huang, Fangneng TI Characterization and transcriptional analyses of cDNAs encoding three trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteinases in Cry1Ab-susceptible and Cry1Ab-resistant strains of sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bt; cDNA; chymotrypsin; enzymatic activity; resistance; trypsin ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXINS; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS LEPIDOPTERA; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA; DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; INDIANMEAL MOTH; MANDUCA-SEXTA; CHORISTONEURA-FUMIFERANA; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; PROTOXIN ACTIVATION AB Diatraea saccharalis is a major corn borer pest. Midgut serine proteinases are essential for insect growth and development. Alteration of midgut proteinases is responsible for Bt resistance development in some species. To clone midgut trypsin and chymotrypsin cDNAs and to test if the Cry1Ab resistance in D. saccharalis is associated with changes in midgut proteinases, total midgut tryptic and chymotryptic activities, cDNA sequences, and gene expressions of three trypsin and three chymotrypsin genes were comparatively examined between Cry1Ab-susceptible (Cry1Ab-SS) and Cry1Ab-resistant (Cry1Ab-RR) strains. Full-length cDNAs encoding three trypsin-and three chymotrypsin-like proteinases were sequenced from Cry1Ab-SS and Cry1Ab-RR larvae. These cDNAs code for active forms of midgut serine proteinases with all functional motifs, including signal peptide, conserved His-Asp-Ser for the catalytic triad, three pairs of cysteines for disulfide bridge configurations, and conserved substrate specificity determination residues. In general, cDNA and putative protein sequences are highly similar between Cry1Ab-SS and Cry1Ab-RR strains, except for a few nucleotide and predicted amino acid substitutions, whose function need to be further clarified. Total trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were also similar between Cry1Ab-SS and Cry1Ab-RR strains. Transcriptional levels of the trypsin and chymotrypsin genes had numerical difference between Cry1Ab-SS and Cry1Ab-RR strains, but the difference was not statistically significant. Data suggest that the development of Cry1Ab resistance in D. saccharalis was not significantly associated with these trypsins and chymotrypsins. Results clarified the role of six midgut proteinases and provided a foundation for continuing examination of potential involvement of other midgut proteinases in Bt resistance development and other important biochemical processes. C1 [Yang, Yunlong; Ottea, James; Husseneder, Claudia; Leonard, B. Rogers; Huang, Fangneng] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Zhu, Yu Cheng; Luttrell, Randall] ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. [Abel, Craig] ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Zhu, YC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, 141 Expt Stn Rd,POB 346, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM yc.zhu@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture [58-6402-6-035]; Board of Regents of the State of Louisiana [LEQSF 2006-09-RD-A-0] FX We thank Dr. Ming-Shun Chen (USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, the United States) and Dr. Huarong Li (Dow Agro-Sciences, Indianapolis, IN, the United States) for their valuable suggestions that improved earlier version of the manuscript. The authors also thank Dr. Brian Scheffler and Xiaofen F. Liu for sequencing cDNA libraries and Tian Shu, Sandy West, and Lily Luo for insect rearing and technical assistance. This material is based upon work supported by US Department of Agriculture (58-6402-6-035) and the Board of Regents of the State of Louisiana (LEQSF 2006-09-RD-A-0). This article is published with the approval of the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript number 2012-234-6745. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 BP 485 EP 496 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01514.x PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 261YZ UT WOS:000327702300006 PM 23955944 ER PT J AU Mavros, Y Kay, S Anderberg, KA Baker, MK Wang, Y Zhao, RR Meiklejohn, J Climstein, M O'Sullivan, A de Vos, N Baune, BT Blair, SN Simar, D Rooney, K Singh, N Singh, MAF AF Mavros, Yorgi Kay, Shelley Anderberg, Kylie A. Baker, Michael K. Wang, Yi Zhao, Renru Meiklejohn, Jacinda Climstein, Mike O'Sullivan, Anthony de Vos, Nathan Baune, Bernhard T. Blair, Steven N. Simar, David Rooney, Kieron Singh, Nalin Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone TI Changes in Insulin Resistance and HbA(1c) Are Related to Exercise-Mediated Changes in Body Composition in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT; IMPROVES GLYCEMIC CONTROL; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GLUCOSE; METAANALYSIS; DISEASE; TRIAL; INDEX; MASS AB OBJECTIVETo investigate changes in body composition after 12 months of high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) in relation to changes in insulin resistance (IR) or glucose homeostasis in older adults with type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSOne-hundred three participants were randomized to receive either PRT or sham exercise 3 days per week for 12 months. Homeostasis model assessment 2 of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) were used as indices of IR and glucose homeostasis. Skeletal muscle mass (SkMM) and total fat mass were assessed using bioelectrical impedance. Visceral adipose tissue, mid-thigh cross-sectional area, and mid-thigh muscle attenuation were quantified using computed tomography.RESULTSWithin the PRT group, changes in HOMA2-IR were associated with changes in SkMM (r = -0.38; P = 0.04) and fat mass (r = 0.42; P = 0.02). Changes in visceral adipose tissue tended to be related to changes in HOMA2-IR (r = 0.35; P = 0.07). Changes in HbA(1c) were related to changes in mid-thigh muscle attenuation (r = 0.52; P = 0.001). None of these relationships were present in the sham group (P > 0.05). Using ANCOVA models, participants in the PRT group who had increased SkMM had decreased HOMA2-IR (P = 0.05) and HbA(1c) (P = 0.09) compared with those in the PRT group who lost SkMM. Increases in SkMM in the PRT group decreased HOMA2-IR (P = 0.07) and HbA(1c) (P < 0.05) compared with those who had increased SkMM in the sham group.CONCLUSIONSImprovements in metabolic health in older adults with type 2 diabetes were mediated through improvements in body composition only if they were achieved through high-intensity PRT. C1 [Mavros, Yorgi; Kay, Shelley; Anderberg, Kylie A.; Baker, Michael K.; Wang, Yi; Zhao, Renru; Meiklejohn, Jacinda; de Vos, Nathan; Rooney, Kieron; Singh, Nalin; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, Fac Hlth Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Baker, Michael K.] Australian Catholic Univ, Sch Exercise Sci, Strathfield, NSW, Australia. [Wang, Yi] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Wang, Yi] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Diabet, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [de Vos, Nathan; Singh, Nalin] Balmain Hosp, Ctr STRONG Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Climstein, Mike] Bond Univ, Fac Hlth Sci & Med, Gold Coast, Australia. [O'Sullivan, Anthony; Simar, David] Univ New S Wales, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Baune, Bernhard T.] Univ Adelaide, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Discipline Psychiat, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Exercise Sci & Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Baker, Michael K.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Mavros, Y (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac Res Grp, Fac Hlth Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM yorgi.mavros@sydney.edu.au OI Mavros, Yorgi/0000-0002-2588-0425 FU National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [512381]; Australian Diabetes Society; Australian Postgraduate Award Scholarship; University of Sydney International Postgraduate Research Scholarship; Diabetes Australia FX The GREAT2DO study was funded by project grant 512381 from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), and grants from The Australian Diabetes Society and Diabetes Australia. Y.M. was supported by the Australian Postgraduate Award Scholarship. Y.W. was supported by University of Sydney International Postgraduate Research Scholarship. NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 2013 VL 36 IS 8 BP 2372 EP 2379 DI 10.2337/dc12-2196 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 255PP UT WOS:000327252600055 PM 23474589 ER PT J AU Patterson, KY Pehrsson, PR Perry, CR AF Patterson, Kristine Y. Pehrsson, Pamela R. Perry, Charles R. TI The mineral content of tap water in United States households SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Tap water; Mineral content; Nationwide sampling; Dietary reference intake; Drinking water; Food composition; Food analysis ID DRINKING-WATER AB The composition of tap water contributes to dietary intake of minerals. The Nutrient Data Laboratory (NDL) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) conducted a study of the mineral content of residential tap water, to generate current data for the USDA National Nutrient Database. Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, phosphorus, and zinc content of drinking water were determined in a nationally representative sampling. The statistically designed sampling method identified 144 locations for water collection in winter and spring from home taps. Assuming a daily consumption of 1 L of tap water, only four minerals (Cu, Ca, Mg, and Na), on average, provided more than 1% of the US dietary reference intake. Significant decreases in calcium were observed with chemical water softeners, and between seasonal pickups for Mg and Ca. The variance of sodium was significantly different among regions (p < 0.05) but no differences were observed as a result of collection time, water source or treatment. Based on the weighted mixed model results, there were no significant differences in overall mineral content between municipal and well water. These results, which are a nationally representative dataset of mineral values for drinking water available from home taps, provides valuable additional information for assessment of dietary mineral intake. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Patterson, Kristine Y.; Pehrsson, Pamela R.; Perry, Charles R.] USDA ARS, Nutrient Data Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pehrsson, PR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nutrient Data Lab, BARC West, Bldg 005,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pamela.pehrsson@ars.usda.gov FU NIH [Y3-HV-8839]; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research [Y3-HV-8839]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Y3-HV-8839] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Ella Greene for the mineral analyses of the water samples, the participants who provided the water samples, and support by NIH Agreement Y3-HV-8839 with the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 EI 1096-0481 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 31 IS 1 BP 46 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2013.03.004 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 254MJ UT WOS:000327169500008 ER PT J AU Porter, SD Oi, DH Valles, SM Vander Meer, RK AF Porter, Sanford D. Oi, David H. Valles, Steven M. Vander Meer, Robert K. TI Mitigating the allergic effects of fire ant envenomation with biologically based population reduction SO CURRENT OPINION IN ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biocontrol; biological control; fire ant; microsporidia; parasites; Pseudacteon; sting; venom; virus ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; PSEUDACTEON-TRICUSPIS; VAIRIMORPHA-INVICTAE; DIPTERA PHORIDAE; THELOHANIA-SOLENOPSAE; RANGE EXPANSION; SOUTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; FLY AB Purpose of reviewTo describe the current efforts to use biological control agents to reduce fire ant population levels, thus ultimately reducing the number of human sting and allergic reaction incidents.Recent findingsClimate change and worldwide fire ant expansion will increase the frequency of human encounters and allergenic events, putting additional pressure on the public health sector. Six species of fire ant decapitating flies are now established in the United States. The microsporidium Kneallhazia solenopsae is well established and new fire ant hosts have been identified. The fire ant virus Solenopsis invicta virus 3 shows good potential for use as an environmentally friendly biopesticide because of its virulence and host specificity.SummaryDuring separate founding events in the United States, Australia, mainland China, and Taiwan, fire ants native to South America escaped their native pathogens and parasites. Consequently, fire ant populations in these introduced regions pose a serious public health threat to the human populations by envenomation and subsequent allergic reactions. Specific, self-sustaining biological control agents have been discovered, studied, and released into fire ant populations in the United States in an effort to re-establish an ecological/competitive balance, resulting in reduced fire ant densities and human exposure. C1 [Porter, Sanford D.; Oi, David H.; Valles, Steven M.; Vander Meer, Robert K.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Vander Meer, RK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM bob.vandermeer@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-APHIS; PPQ FX The authors would like to thank Juan Briano, Luis Calcaterra, and Laura Varone at the Fundacion para el Sestudio de Especies Invasivas (FuEDEI) in Hurlingham, Argentina for many years of cooperation with us in the area of fire ant biocontrol. The authors also thank our state and university cooperators for assistance with releasing the fire ant decapitating flies mentioned in this study and the USDA-APHIS, PPQ for funding that assisted substantially with rearing and releasing several species of these flies. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1528-4050 EI 1473-6322 J9 CURR OPIN ALLERGY CL JI Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 372 EP 378 DI 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283624544 PG 7 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 247GL UT WOS:000326604700009 PM 23799333 ER PT J AU Dillard, JG Kuethe, TH Dobbins, C Boehlje, M Florax, RJGM AF Dillard, John G. Kuethe, Todd H. Dobbins, Craig Boehlje, Michael Florax, Raymond J. G. M. TI The Impacts of the Tax-Deferred Exchange Provision on Farm Real Estate Values SO LAND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL HEDONIC MODELS; HOUSING PRICES; AIRPORT NOISE; MULTIPLIERS; LAND; PROXIMITY; TIME AB This study examines the effects of the Section 1031 tax-deferred exchange provision on agricultural land values. The provision allows taxpayers to defer taxation for relinquished productive assets if a like-kind asset is acquired within the allotted time of 180 days. The analysis examines a set of 3,580 farm real estate transaction from 55 agricultural counties in Indiana over the period 2003-2006. Hedonic price analysis suggests that properties acquired under a like-kind exchange are associated with a 1.32% price premium. C1 [Dillard, John G.] Olsson Frank Weeda Terman Matz PC, Washington, DC USA. [Kuethe, Todd H.] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Dobbins, Craig; Boehlje, Michael; Florax, Raymond J. G. M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr Econ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Dillard, JG (reprint author), Olsson Frank Weeda Terman Matz PC, Washington, DC USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 15 PU UNIV WISCONSIN PI MADISON PA SOCIAL SCIENCE BLDG, MADISON, WI 53706 USA SN 0023-7639 EI 1543-8325 J9 LAND ECON JI Land Econ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 3 BP 479 EP 489 PG 11 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 245QO UT WOS:000326479100006 ER PT J AU Hughes, SR Bang, SS Cox, EJ Schoepke, A Ochwat, K Pinkelman, R Nelson, D Qureshi, N Gibbons, WR Kurtzman, CP Bischoff, KM Liu, SQ Cote, GL Rich, JO Jones, MA Cedeno, D Doran-Peterson, J Riano-Herrera, NM Rodriguez-Valencia, N Lopez-Nunez, JC AF Hughes, Stephen R. Bang, Sookie S. Cox, Elby J. Schoepke, Andrew Ochwat, Kate Pinkelman, Rebecca Nelson, Danielle Qureshi, Nasib Gibbons, William R. Kurtzman, Cletus P. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Liu, Siqing Cote, Gregory L. Rich, Joseph O. Jones, Marjorie A. Cedeno, David Doran-Peterson, Joy Riano-Herrera, Nestor M. Rodriguez-Valencia, Nelson Lopez-Nunez, Juan C. TI Automated UV-C Mutagenesis of Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL Y-1109 and Selection for Microaerophilic Growth and Ethanol Production at Elevated Temperature on Biomass Sugars SO JALA LA English DT Article DE thermotolerant ethanologenic yeast; yeast UV-C mutagenesis; Kluyveromyces marxianus yeast; biomass sugars ID ENGINEERED SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; EFFICIENT XYLOSE FERMENTATION; YEAST STRAINS; FUEL ETHANOL; EXPRESSION; INDUSTRIAL; GENOME; IMB3; DNA AB The yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus is a potential microbial catalyst for fuel ethanol production from a wide range of biomass substrates. To improve its growth and ethanol yield at elevated temperature under microaerophilic conditions, K. marxianus NRRL Y-1109 was irradiated with UV-C using automated protocols on a robotic platform for picking and spreading irradiated cultures and for processing the resulting plates. The plates were incubated under anaerobic conditions on xylose or glucose for 5 mo at 46 degrees C. Two K. marxianus mutant strains (designated 7-1 and 8-1) survived and were isolated from the glucose plates. Both mutant strains, but not wild type, grew aerobically on glucose at 47 degrees C. All strains grew anaerobically at 46 degrees C on glucose, galactose, galacturonic acid, and pectin; however, only 7-1 grew anaerobically on xylose at 46 degrees C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-2403 did not grow at 46 degrees C on any of these substrates. With glucose as a carbon source, ethanol yield after 3 d at 46 degrees C was higher for 8-1 than for wild type (0.51 and 0.43 g ethanol/g glucose, respectively). With galacturonic acid as a carbon source, the ethanol yield after 7 d at 46 degrees C was higher for 7-1 than for wild type (0.48 and 0.34 g ethanol/g galacturonic acid, respectively). These mutant strains have potential application in fuel ethanol production at elevated temperature from sugar constituents of starch, sucrose, pectin, and cellulosic biomass. C1 [Hughes, Stephen R.; Cox, Elby J.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Liu, Siqing; Cote, Gregory L.; Rich, Joseph O.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Prod Technol RPT Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Bang, Sookie S.; Pinkelman, Rebecca] South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Rapid City, SD USA. [Schoepke, Andrew; Ochwat, Kate; Nelson, Danielle] Eureka Coll, Eureka, IL USA. [Qureshi, Nasib] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Gibbons, William R.] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Kurtzman, Cletus P.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Jones, Marjorie A.; Cedeno, David] Illinois State Univ, Normal, IL 61761 USA. [Doran-Peterson, Joy] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Riano-Herrera, Nestor M.; Rodriguez-Valencia, Nelson; Lopez-Nunez, Juan C.] Natl Coffee Res Ctr Cenicafe, Manizales Chinchina, Caldas, Colombia. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Prod Technol RPT Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Stephen.Hughes@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 23 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 2211-0682 EI 1540-2452 J9 JALA-J LAB AUTOM JI JALA PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 IS 4 BP 276 EP 290 DI 10.1177/2211068213480037 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 245FS UT WOS:000326448100004 PM 23543482 ER PT J AU Podlaski, R Roesch, FA AF Podlaski, Rafal Roesch, Francis A. TI Approximation of the breast height diameter distribution of two-cohort stands by mixture models. I. Parameter estimation SO SYLWAN LA Polish DT Article DE two-component mixtures; tree diameter distribution; Weibull distribution; gamma distribution; starting strategy ID FINITE MIXTURE; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; FOREST STANDS; BEECH FORESTS; WEIBULL; DYNAMICS AB Study assessed the usefulness of various methods for choosing the initial values for the numerical procedures for estimating the parameters of mixture distributions and analysed variety of mixture models to approximate empirical diameter at breast height (dbh) distributions. Two-component mixtures of either the Weibull distribution or the gamma distribution were employed. The study plots, representing two-cohort stands, were located in the Swietokrzyski National Park (central Poland) and in the Southern Appalachian Mountains (eastern USA). A new strategy using three methods for choosing initial values (min.k/max.k for k=1, 5, 10; 0,5/1,5/mean; wp) for maximizing the likelihood during parameter estimation for mixture models for small and large plots is proposed. C1 [Podlaski, Rafal] Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego, Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. [Roesch, Francis A.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Podlaski, R (reprint author), Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego, Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. EM r_podlaski@pro.onet.pl; froesch@fs.fed.us NR 35 TC 7 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO LESNE PI WARSZAWA PA KOMITET REDAKCYJNY SYLWANA, UL BITWY WARSZAWSKIEJ 1920 R NR 3, WARSZAWA, PL-02 362, POLAND SN 0039-7660 J9 SYLWAN JI Sylwan PD AUG PY 2013 VL 157 IS 8 BP 587 EP 596 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 239DM UT WOS:000326002800004 ER PT J AU Liao, QH Huang, YB He, SL Xie, RJ Lv, Q Yi, SL Zheng, YQ Tian, X Deng, L Qian, C AF Liao, Qiuhong Huang, Yanbo He, Shaolan Xie, Rangjin Lv, Qiang Yi, Shilai Zheng, Yongqiang Tian, Xi Deng, Lie Qian, Chun TI CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF CITRUS GENOTYPES USING NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY SO INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION AND SOFT COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Near-infrared Spectroscopy; Citrus Genotype; Variety Classification; Cluster Analysis; Principal Component ID REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS; SCATTER-CORRECTION; SUGAR CONTENT; SINGLE SEEDS; PLUM FRUIT; SPECTRA; VARIETIES; DISCRIMINATION; QUALITY AB There are many genotypes and varieties in the citrus family. Currently, citrus classification systems have significant divergences in varieties of species, and subgenus classification as well. In this study, near-infrared spectroscopy technique was used to acquire spectral information on the surface of citrus fruits. Cluster analysis was consequently conducted to identify citrus genotypes. Results indicated that the combination of 9-point moving average smoothing and multiplicative scattering correction was optimal for preprocessing spectral data. In the spectral range of 1,180-1,220 nm, the cumulative reliability of the first two principal components were greater than 99.4%, and sweet oranges were clustered into an independent class. In 1,280-1,320 nm, systematic clustering performed better than principal component clustering, and all other sour oranges, except Goutoucheng, were clustered into a single clade. With dimensions reduction, the cumulative reliability of first five principle components in full band of 1,000-2,350 nm reached up to 99.1%. Using principal component cluster analysis, pomelo and loose-skin mandarin were clustered together; sweet and sour oranges were clearly separated. Pomelo being clustered with loose-skin mandarin, implies that they may have a hybrid origin; Jiaogan Mandarin, Daoxian yeju Mandarin, Goutoucheng sour oranges, and Zhuhongju sour tangerine were clustered with sweet orange, which implies old varieties may contain similar characteristic matters as sweet orange; Given that Jinlong lemon and Ranpour lime were clustered with sour orange, they were proved to originated from sour orange. The study indicates the great potential of spectral analysis for citrus genotype identification and classification. C1 [Liao, Qiuhong; Tian, Xi; Qian, Chun] Southwest Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China. [Liao, Qiuhong; He, Shaolan; Xie, Rangjin; Lv, Qiang; Yi, Shilai; Zheng, Yongqiang; Tian, Xi; Deng, Lie] Southwest Univ, Natl Citrus Engn Res Ctr, Citrus Res Inst, Chongqing 400712, Peoples R China. [Huang, Yanbo] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Deng, L (reprint author), Southwest Univ, Natl Citrus Engn Res Ctr, Citrus Res Inst, Chongqing 400712, Peoples R China. EM liedeng@163.com FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2012AA101904]; National Key Technology RD Program [2012BAD35B08-3]; Chongqing City International Science & Technology Cooperation Program [CSTC2011gjhz80001]; Chongqing City Science & Technology Development Program [CSTC, 2011AC1021]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [XDJK2010C070] FX This research was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (Project No. 2012AA101904), National Key Technology R&D Program (Project No. 2012BAD35B08-3), Chongqing City International Science & Technology Cooperation Program (Project No. CSTC2011gjhz80001), Chongqing City Science & Technology Development Program (Project No. CSTC, 2011AC1021) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Project No. XDJK2010C070). NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU AUTOSOFT PRESS PI SAN ANTONIO PA 18015 BOLLIS HILL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78258 USA SN 1079-8587 J9 INTELL AUTOM SOFT CO JI Intell. Autom. Soft Comput. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 3 SI SI BP 347 EP 359 DI 10.1080/10798587.2013.824719 PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 241BA UT WOS:000326140200013 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Pijut, PM AF Wang, Ying Pijut, Paula M. TI Isolation and characterization of a TERMINAL FLOWER 1 homolog from Prunus serotina Ehrh. SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE black cherry; ectopic expression; flowering; Prunus serotina; PsTFL1 ID AXILLARY MERISTEM IDENTITY; GENE COPY NUMBER; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; TERMINAL FLOWER1; BLACK-CHERRY; PCR ASSAY; ARABIDOPSIS; TIME; TRANSFORMATION; TRANSITION AB Flowering control is one of the several strategies for gene containment of transgenic plants. TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) is known to be involved in the transcriptional repression of genes for inflorescence development. Two TFL1 transcripts with different 3' UTR were cloned from black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Corresponding to the two TFL1 transcripts, two PsTFL1 gene sequences, 1248 bp and 1579 bp, were obtained and both contained the same 519 bp coding region which encoded a putative protein of 172 amino acid residues. The phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences showed high identity of PsTFL1 to TFL1 orthologs of other Prunus species, including Yoshino cherry (Prunus x yedoensis Matsum.), peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) and Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.). The real-time quantitative PCR detected a single copy of PsTFL1 gene sequences in the black cherry genome with two alleles. The gene expression of PsTFL1 was examined in several tissues including the stems, leaves, shoot tips, and vegetative and floral buds. The highest mRNA level was detected in shoot tips, and the lowest level in the leaves. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. plants overexpressing PsTFL1 showed significantly delayed flowering. These plants also showed largely increased vegetative growth, plant height, number of nodes, trichome density, and the conversion of flower to shoot was observed at each node and shoot apex. C1 [Wang, Ying] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pijut, Paula M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pijut, PM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ppijut@purdue.edu RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 FU Fred M. van Eck scholarship FX This work was supported by a Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University to Ying Wang. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 33 IS 8 BP 855 EP 865 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpt051 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 241US UT WOS:000326194400008 PM 23956129 ER PT J AU Artlip, TS Wisniewski, ME Bassett, CL Norelli, JL AF Artlip, Timothy S. Wisniewski, Michael E. Bassett, Carole L. Norelli, John L. TI CBF gene expression in peach leaf and bark tissues is gated by a circadian clock SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CBF; circadian rhythm; dehydrin; DREB; low temperature; peach; Prunus persica; Zeitgeber time ID ABIOTIC STRESS RESPONSES; LOW-TEMPERATURE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; COLD-ACCLIMATION; ARABIDOPSIS GENE; PRUNUS-PERSICA; DEHYDRIN GENES; FAMILY; TOLERANCE AB CBF (C-repeat Binding Factor) transcription factors are part of the AP2/ERF (Apetala2-ethylene responsive factor) domain family of DNA-binding proteins that recognize a C-repeat response cis-acting element that regulates a number of coldresponsive genes (CBF regulon). Induction of CBF gene expression by low temperature in Arabidopsis has been shown to be gated by a circadian clock. In peach (Prunus persica L.), five CBF genes are arranged in tandem on scaffold (linkage group) 5 of the peach genome. Since CBF gene regulation has been shown to be more complex in woody plants than herbaceous plants, the present study was conducted to determine if temperature-modulated CBF gene expression in peach leaf and bark tissues was also influenced by a circadian clock. One-year-old 'Loring' peach trees grafted on 'Bailey' rootstocks were entrained to a 12-h day/12-h night photoperiod at 25 degrees C. After 2 weeks, trees were exposed to 4 degrees C under continuous light for up to 48 h beginning at either subjective dawn + 4 h (ZT4; where ZT is Zeitgeber time) or subjective dawn + 16 h (ZT16) with leaf and bark tissues harvested at various time points. Gene expression of the five peach CBF genes and a DREB2 gene was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results revealed a distinct gating of CBF gene expression by a circadian clock for four CBF genes in both leaf and bark tissues. CBF genes were highly induced by 4 degrees C in ZT4 leaf samples with expression peaking at 6-24 h depending on the specific CBF gene. In contrast, CBF gene expression was highly attenuated in leaf, and to a lesser extent in bark, samples exposed to 4 degrees C at ZT16. These results are similar to reports for Arabidopsis. Further experiments were conducted to verify environmental influence on the induction of CBF and DREB2 genes. In contrast to DREB2 genes from other dicots, the peach DREB2 ortholog was induced by both low temperature and dehydration. Induction of the peach CBFs and DREB2 by either low temperature or dehydration corresponded with regulatory motifs present in their promoter sequences. Low temperature and dehydration induction data for three peach dehydrin genes indicated that the regulation of these genes in peach is complex, with individual dehydrin gene expression being correlated with the expression of one or more CBF genes. C1 [Artlip, Timothy S.; Wisniewski, Michael E.; Bassett, Carole L.; Norelli, John L.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Wisniewski, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 33 IS 8 BP 866 EP 877 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpt056 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 241US UT WOS:000326194400009 PM 23956128 ER PT J AU Berry, ED Millner, PD Wells, JE Kalchayanand, N Guerini, MN AF Berry, Elaine D. Millner, Patricia D. Wells, James E. Kalchayanand, Norasak Guerini, Michael N. TI Fate of Naturally Occurring Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other Zoonotic Pathogens during Minimally Managed Bovine Feedlot Manure Composting Processes SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; CARCASS SPONGE SAMPLES; MULTIPLEX PCR ASSAYS; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; HEAT INACTIVATION; SELECTIVE MEDIUM; SALMONELLA SPP.; UNITED-STATES AB Reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in livestock manures before application to cropland is critical for reducing the risk of foodborne illness associated with produce. Our objective was to determine the fate of naturally occurring E. coli O157:H7 and other pathogens during minimally managed on-farm bovine manure composting processes. Feedlot pen samples were screened to identify E. coli O157:H7-positive manure. Using this manure, four piles of each of three different composting formats were constructed in each of two replicate trials. Composting formats were (i) turned piles of manure plus hay and straw, (ii) static stockpiles of manure, and (iii) static piles of covered manure plus hay and straw. Temperatures in the tops, toes, and centers of the conical piles (ca. 6.0 m(3) each) were monitored. Compost piles that were turned every 2 weeks achieved higher temperatures for longer periods in the tops and centers than did piles that were left static. E. coli O157:H7 was not recovered from top samples of turned piles of manure plus hay and straw at day 28 and beyond, but top samples from static piles were positive for the pathogen up to day 42 (static manure stockpiles) and day 56 (static covered piles of manure plus hay and straw). Salmonella, Campylobacter spp., and Listeria monocytogenes were not found in top or toe samples at the end of the composting period, but E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria spp. were recovered from toe samples at day 84. Our findings indicate that some minimally managed composting processes can reduce E. coli O157:H7 and other pathogens in bovine manure but may be affected by season and/or initial levels of indigenous thermophilic bacteria. Our results also highlight the importance of adequate C:N formulation of initial mixtures for the production of high temperatures and rapid composting, and the need for periodic turning of the piles to increase the likelihood that all parts of the mass are subjected to high temperatures. C1 [Berry, Elaine D.; Wells, James E.; Kalchayanand, Norasak; Guerini, Michael N.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Millner, Patricia D.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Berry, ED (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM elaine.berry@ars.usda.gov NR 69 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 26 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 76 IS 8 BP 1308 EP 1321 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-364 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240GW UT WOS:000326084300001 PM 23905785 ER PT J AU Luchansky, JB Porto-Fett, ACS Shoyer, BA Phillips, J Eblen, D Evans, P Bauer, N AF Luchansky, J. B. Porto-Fett, A. C. S. Shoyer, B. A. Phillips, J. Eblen, D. Evans, P. Bauer, N. TI Thermal Inactivation of a Single Strain Each of Serotype O26:H11, O45:H2, O103:H2, O104:H4, O111:H-, O121:H19, O145:NM, and O157:H7 Cells of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Wafers of Ground Beef SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; PATHOGENS; O157/H7; COOKING; O157-H7; STEAKS; STATES; FOOD AB For each of two trials, freshly ground beef of variable fat content (higher: 70:30 %lean:%fat; lower: 93:7 %lean:%fat) was separately inoculated with ca. 7.0 log CFU/g of a single strain of Escherichia coli serotypes O26:H11, O45:H2, O103:H2, O104:H4, O111:H-, O121:H19, O145:NM, and O157:H7. Next, ca. 3-g samples of inoculated beef were transferred into sterile filter bags and then flattened (ca. 1.0 mm thick) and vacuum sealed. For each temperature and sampling time, three bags of the inoculated wafers of beef were submerged in a thermostatically controlled water bath and heated to an internal temperature of 54.4 degrees C (130 degrees F) for up to 90 min, to 60 degrees C (140 degrees F) for up to 4 min, or to 65.6 degrees C (150 degrees F) for up to 0.26 min. In lower fat wafers, D-values ranged from 13.5 to 23.6 min, 0.6 to 1.2 min, and 0.05 to 0.08 min at 54.4, 60.0, and 65.6 degrees C, respectively. Heating higher fat wafers to 54.4, 60.0, and 65.6 degrees C generated D-values of 18.7 to 32.6, 0.7 to 1.1, and 0.05 to 0.2 min, respectively. In addition, we observed reductions of ca. 0.7 to 6.7 log CFU/g at 54.4 degrees C after 90 min, ca. 1.1 to 6.1 log CFU/g at 60.0 degrees C after 4 min, and 0.8 to 5.8 log CFU/g at 65.6 degrees C after 0.26 min. Thus, cooking times and temperatures effective for inactivating a serotype O157:H7 strain of E. coli in ground beef were equally effective against the seven non-O157:H7 Shiga toxin-producing strains investigated herein. C1 [Luchansky, J. B.; Porto-Fett, A. C. S.; Shoyer, B. A.; Phillips, J.] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Eblen, D.; Evans, P.; Bauer, N.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Luchansky, JB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM john.luchansky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [FSIS-IA-10-068]; USDA-FSIS [FSIS-IA-10-068]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-68003-30155] FX We offer our sincere appreciation to Rosemary Martinjuk, Jeffrey E. Call, Deena Ghazzi, Sarah Wadsworth, Trang Nguyen, and Caitlin Harvey (USDA, Agricultural Research Service [ARS], Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA) for their assistance on this project. In addition, we are extremely grateful to James Lindsay and Mary Torrence (USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD), David Goldman, Alice Thaler, Janell Kause, and Uday Dessai (USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service [FSIS], Washington, DC), Harshavardhan Thippareddi (University of Nebraska, Lincoln), Randall K. Phebus (Kansas State University, Manhattan), Steve Campano (Hawkins Inc., Minneapolis, MN), and Ernie Illg (Illg's Meats, Chalfont, PA) for contributing their time, talents, and/or resources toward this effort. This project was funded in part through an interagency agreement between the USDA-ARS (J. B. Luchansky) and the USDA-FSIS (Interagency Agreement FSIS-IA-10-068). This project was also supported in part by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2012-68003-30155 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 21 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 76 IS 8 BP 1434 EP 1437 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-429 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 240GW UT WOS:000326084300017 PM 23905801 ER PT J AU Anderson, MC Hain, C Otkin, J Zhan, XW Mo, K Svoboda, M Wardlow, B Pimstein, A AF Anderson, Martha C. Hain, Christopher Otkin, Jason Zhan, Xiwu Mo, Kingtse Svoboda, Mark Wardlow, Brian Pimstein, Agustin TI An Intercomparison of Drought Indicators Based on Thermal Remote Sensing and NLDAS-2 Simulations with US Drought Monitor Classifications SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Drought; Atmosphere-land interaction; Evapotranspiration; Surface temperature; Remote sensing ID ASSIMILATION SYSTEM NLDAS; SOIL-MOISTURE; LAND-SURFACE; ETA-MODEL; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; PRECIPITATION; INDEX; VEGETATION; SCALES; FLUXES AB Comparison of multiple hydrologic indicators, derived from independent data sources and modeling approaches, may improve confidence in signals of emerging drought, particularly during periods of rapid onset. This paper compares the evaporative stress index (ESI)a diagnostic fast-response indicator describing evapotranspiration (ET) deficits derived within a thermal remote sensing energy balance frameworkwith prognostic estimates of soil moisture (SM), ET, and runoff anomalies generated with the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS). Widely used empirical indices based on thermal remote sensing [vegetation health index (VHI)] and precipitation percentiles [standardized precipitation index (SPI)] were also included to assess relative performance. Spatial and temporal correlations computed between indices over the contiguous United States were compared with historical drought classifications recorded in the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM). Based on correlation results, improved forms for the ESI were identified, incorporating a Penman-Monteith reference ET scaling flux and implementing a temporal smoothing algorithm at the pixel level. Of all indices evaluated, anomalies in the NLDAS ensemble-averaged SM provided the highest correlations with USDM drought classes, while the ESI yielded the best performance of the remote sensing indices. The VHI provided reasonable correlations, except under conditions of energy-limited vegetation growth during the cold season and at high latitudes. Change indices computed from ESI and SM time series agree well, and in combination offer a good indicator of change in drought severity class in the USDM, often preceding USDM class deterioration by several weeks. Results suggest that a merged ESI-SM change indicator may provide valuable early warning of rapidly evolving flash drought conditions. C1 [Anderson, Martha C.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hain, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Otkin, Jason] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA. [Zhan, Xiwu] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA. [Mo, Kingtse] NOAA, CPC, College Pk, MD USA. [Svoboda, Mark; Wardlow, Brian] Univ Nebraska, Natl Drought Mitigat Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. [Pimstein, Agustin] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago, Chile. RP Anderson, MC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM martha.anderson@ars.usda.gov RI Otkin, Jason/D-1737-2012; Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010; Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Otkin, Jason/0000-0003-4034-7845; Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 FU NOAA/CTB [GC09-236]; Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship from BARD, the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [FI-421-2009] FX This work was supported by NOAA/CTB Grant GC09-236 and by Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award No. FI-421-2009 from BARD, the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. NR 52 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1035 EP 1056 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0140.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 240FC UT WOS:000326079300002 ER PT J AU Otkin, JA Anderson, MC Hain, C Mladenova, IE Basara, JB Svoboda, M AF Otkin, Jason A. Anderson, Martha C. Hain, Christopher Mladenova, Iliana E. Basara, Jeffrey B. Svoboda, Mark TI Examining Rapid Onset Drought Development Using the Thermal Infrared-Based Evaporative Stress Index SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Drought; Satellite observations; Land surface model; Crop growth; Vegetation-atmosphere interactions ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPRING WHEAT; HEAT-STRESS; CROP-YIELD; VEGETATION; SCALES; FLUXES; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; EXPRESSION AB Reliable indicators of rapid drought onset can help to improve the effectiveness of drought early warning systems. In this study, the evaporative stress index (ESI), which uses remotely sensed thermal infrared imagery to estimate evapotranspiration (ET), is compared to drought classifications in the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) and standard precipitation-based drought indicators for several cases of rapid drought development that have occurred across the United States in recent years. Analysis of meteorological time series from the North American Regional Reanalysis indicates that these events are typically characterized by warm air temperature and low cloud cover anomalies, often with high winds and dewpoint depressions that serve to hasten evaporative depletion of soil moisture reserves. Standardized change anomalies depicting the rate at which various multiweek ESI composites changed over different time intervals are computed to more easily identify areas experiencing rapid changes in ET. Overall, the results demonstrate that ESI change anomalies can provide early warning of incipient drought impacts on agricultural systems, as indicated in crop condition reports collected by the National Agricultural Statistics Service. In each case examined, large negative change anomalies indicative of rapidly drying conditions were either coincident with the introduction of drought in the USDM or lead the USDM drought depiction by several weeks, depending on which ESI composite and time-differencing interval was used. Incorporation of the ESI as a data layer used in the construction of the USDM may improve timely depictions of moisture conditions and vegetation stress associated with flash drought events. C1 [Otkin, Jason A.] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA. [Anderson, Martha C.; Mladenova, Iliana E.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hain, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Basara, Jeffrey B.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Basara, Jeffrey B.] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Climatol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Svoboda, Mark] Univ Nebraska, Natl Drought Mitigat Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Otkin, JA (reprint author), 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jason.otkin@ssec.wisc.edu RI Otkin, Jason/D-1737-2012; Basara, Jeffrey/A-4907-2008; Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Otkin, Jason/0000-0003-4034-7845; Basara, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2096-6844; Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 FU NOAA Climate Program Office [GC09-236] FX This work was supported by funds provided by the NOAA Climate Program Office under Grant GC09-236. Special thanks are given to Brad Pierce (NOAA/ASPB) and Sharon Nebuda (CIMSS) for their IDL programming assistance. Comments from three anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 27 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1057 EP 1074 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0144.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 240FC UT WOS:000326079300003 ER PT J AU Hussin, NM Shahar, S Teng, NIMF Ngah, WZW Das, SK AF Hussin, N. M. Shahar, S. Teng, N. I. M. F. Ngah, W. Z. W. Das, S. K. TI Efficacy of Fasting and Calorie Restriction (FCR) on mood and depression among ageing men SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING LA English DT Article DE FCR; ageing men; depression; mood states ID NONOBESE SUBJECTS; HUMANS; PREVENTION; SYMPTOMS; TRIAL AB An intervention study on the FCR (Fasting and Calorie Restriction) dietary regime was carried out to determine its efficacy in improving mood states and depression status among ageing men. A total of 32 healthy males (Mean +/- SD), aged 59.7 +/- 6.3 years, with a BMI of 26.7 +/- 2.2 kg/m(2) were recruited to the study. Participants were randomized to either the FCR group (and were instructed to follow a calorie restricted dietary regime with intermittent fasting) or to the control group (in which individuals were asked to maintain their current lifestyle), for a 3 month period. Mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States and depression was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory-II and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 at baseline, week 6 and week 12 of the intervention. A total of 31 subjects completed the study (n=16, FCR and n=15, control). Significant decreases in tension, anger, confusion and total mood disturbance and improvements in vigor were observed in participants in the FCR group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). No significant changes in mean depression scores were observed. Weight, BMI and percent body fat were reduced by 3.8%, 3.7% and 5.7% respectively in the FCR group. Our findings show that a FCR dietary regime is effective in improving mood states and nutritional status among ageing men. C1 [Hussin, N. M.; Shahar, S.; Teng, N. I. M. F.] Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Dietet Program, Fac Hlth Sci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Ngah, W. Z. W.] Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Dept Biochem, Fac Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Das, S. K.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Shahar, S (reprint author), Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Dietet Program, Fac Hlth Sci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FU Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia [UKM-AP-TKP-09-2009] FX We are grateful to the participants, fieldworkers and others involved in the data collection. Technical support was received from our supervisor to complete this study. We acknowledge the financial support was received from the research university grant of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM-AP-TKP-09-2009). NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1279-7707 EI 1760-4788 J9 J NUTR HEALTH AGING JI J. Nutr. Health Aging PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 8 BP 674 EP 680 DI 10.1007/s12603-013-0344-9 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 231QM UT WOS:000325432400006 PM 24097021 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, IH AF Rosenberg, I. H. TI Nutrition and the biology of human ageing: Proceedings of the ninth nestle international nutrition symposium SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rosenberg, I. H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rosenberg, I. H.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rosenberg, IH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM irwin.rosenberg@tufts.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1279-7707 EI 1760-4788 J9 J NUTR HEALTH AGING JI J. Nutr. Health Aging PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 8 BP 706 EP 706 DI 10.1007/s12603-013-0371-6 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 231QM UT WOS:000325432400011 PM 24097026 ER PT J AU Green, H Rosenberg, I AF Green, H. Rosenberg, I. TI Nutrition and the biology of human ageing: Ageing in the human population SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING LA English DT Editorial Material ID FAMILIAL LONGEVITY; OLD-AGE; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; RISK C1 [Green, H.] Nestle SA, Vevey, Switzerland. [Rosenberg, I.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Ageing, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rosenberg, I.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Green, H (reprint author), Nestle SA, Vevey, Switzerland. EM hilary.green@nestle.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1279-7707 EI 1760-4788 J9 J NUTR HEALTH AGING JI J. Nutr. Health Aging PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 8 BP 707 EP 709 DI 10.1007/s12603-013-0372-5 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 231QM UT WOS:000325432400012 PM 24097027 ER PT J AU Offord, EA Karagounis, LG Vidal, K Fielding, R Meydani, S Penninger, JM AF Offord, E. A. Karagounis, L. G. Vidal, K. Fielding, R. Meydani, S. Penninger, J. M. TI Nutrition and the biology of human ageing: Bone health & osteoporosis/sarcopenia/immune deficiency SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING LA English DT Editorial Material ID VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; MITOCHONDRIAL-FUNCTION; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; AMINO-ACIDS; FISH-OIL C1 [Offord, E. A.; Karagounis, L. G.; Vidal, K.] Nestle Res Ctr, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland. [Fielding, R.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, S.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Penninger, J. M.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Mol Biotechnol, IMBA, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. RP Offord, EA (reprint author), Nestle Res Ctr, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland. EM josef.penninger@imba.oeaw.ac.at RI Penninger, Josef/I-6860-2013 OI Penninger, Josef/0000-0002-8194-3777 NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1279-7707 EI 1760-4788 J9 J NUTR HEALTH AGING JI J. Nutr. Health Aging PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 8 BP 712 EP 716 DI 10.1007/s12603-013-0374-3 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 231QM UT WOS:000325432400014 PM 24097029 ER PT J AU Stark, LR Greenwood, JL Brinda, JC Oliver, MJ AF Stark, Lloyd R. Greenwood, Joshua L. Brinda, John C. Oliver, Melvin J. TI THE DESERT MOSS PTERYGONEURUM LAMELLATUM (POTTIACEAE) EXHIBITS AN INDUCIBLE ECOLOGICAL STRATEGY OF DESICCATION TOLERANCE: EFFECTS OF RATE OF DRYING ON SHOOT DAMAGE AND REGENERATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Chlorophyll fluorescence; chlorosis; protonema; rapid-dry; regeneration; slow-dry ID TORTULA-RURALIS GAMETOPHYTES; FUNARIA-HYGROMETRICA HEDW; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; ATRICHUM-ANDROGYNUM; ABSCISIC-ACID; WATER RELATIONS; POLYTRICHUM-FORMOSUM; GRIMMIA-PULVINATA; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; ION LEAKAGE AB Premise of the study: Bryophytes include clades that incorporate constitutive desiccation tolerance, especially terrestrial species. Here we test the hypothesis that the opposing ecological strategy of desiccation tolerance, inducibility, is present in a desert moss, and address this hypothesis by varying rates of drying in a laboratory study. Desiccation tolerance is arguably the most important evolutionary innovation relevant to the colonization of land by plants; increased understanding of the ecological drivers of this trait will eventually illuminate the responsible mechanisms and ultimately open doors to the potential for the application of this trait in cultivated plants. Methods: Plants were cloned, grown in continuous culture (dehardened) for several months, and subjected to rates of drying (drying times) ranging from 30 min to 53 h, rehydrated and tested for recovery using chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf damage, and regeneration of protonema and shoots. Key results: Rate of drying significantly affected all recovery responses, with very rapid drying rates severely damaging the entire shoot except the shoot apex and resulting in slower growth rates, fewer regenerative shoots produced, and a compromised photosynthetic system as inferred from fluorescence parameters. Conclusions: For the first time, a desert moss is shown to exhibit an ecological strategy of desiccation tolerance that is inducible, challenging the assumption that arid-land bryophytes rely exclusively on constitutive protection. Results indicate that previous considerations defining a slow-dry event in bryophytes need reevaluation, and that the ecological strategy of inducible desiccation tolerance is probably more common than currently understood among terrestrial bryophytes. C1 [Stark, Lloyd R.; Greenwood, Joshua L.; Brinda, John C.] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Brinda, John C.] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Oliver, Melvin J.] Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, MWA,PGRU, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Stark, LR (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, 4505 Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM LRS@UNLV.nevada.edu OI Brinda, John/0000-0001-9083-1235 NR 103 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 31 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 100 IS 8 BP 1522 EP 1531 DI 10.3732/ajb.1200648 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 228GL UT WOS:000325173800004 PM 23876454 ER PT J AU Potter, KM Hipkins, VD Mahalovich, MF Means, RE AF Potter, Kevin M. Hipkins, Valerie D. Mahalovich, Mary F. Means, Robert E. TI MITOCHONDRIAL DNA HAPLOTYPE DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS IN PINUS PONDEROSA (PINACEAE): RANGE-WIDE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Migration; minisatellite; mitochondrial DNA; phylogeography; Pinus ponderosa; Pinus washoensis; Pleistocene; polymorphism ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICAN CONIFER; SIERRA-NEVADA; CHLOROPLAST DNA; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; COLORADO PLATEAU; DOUGLAS-FIR; POSTGLACIAL COLONIZATION; SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS; TOPOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION AB Premise of the study: Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) exhibits complicated patterns of morphological and genetic variation across its range in western North America. This study aims to clarify P. ponderosa evolutionary history and phylogeography using a highly polymorphic mitochondrial DNA marker, with results offering insights into how geographical and climatological processes drove the modern evolutionary structure of tree species in the region. Methods: We amplified the mtDNA nad1 second intron minisatellite region for 3,100 trees representing 104 populations, and sequenced all length variants. We estimated population-level haplotypic diversity and determined diversity partitioning among varieties, races and populations. After aligning sequences of minisatellite repeat motifs, we evaluated evolutionary relationships among haplotypes. Key results: The geographical structuring of the 10 haplotypes corresponded with division between Pacific and Rocky Mountain varieties. Pacific haplotypes clustered with high bootstrap support, and appear to have descended from Rocky Mountain haplotypes. A greater proportion of diversity was partitioned between Rocky Mountain races than between Pacific races. Areas of highest haplotypic diversity were the southern Sierra Nevada mountain range in California, northwestern California, and southern Nevada. Conclusions: Pinus ponderosa haplotype distribution patterns suggest a complex phylogeographic history not revealed by other genetic and morphological data, or by the sparse paleoecological record. The results appear consistent with long-term divergence between the Pacific and Rocky Mountain varieties, along with more recent divergences not well-associated with race. Pleistocene refugia may have existed in areas of high haplotypic diversity, as well as the Great Basin, Southwestern United States/northern Mexico, and the High Plains. C1 [Potter, Kevin M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hipkins, Valerie D.] US Forest Serv, Natl Forest Genet Lab, USDA, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. [Mahalovich, Mary F.] US Forest Serv, Genet Resource Program, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Means, Robert E.] Bur Land Management Wyoming, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Potter, KM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kpotter@ncsu.edu OI Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345 FU Southern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service [10-JV-11330146-049]; North Carolina State University [10-JV-11330146-049] FX The authors thank the many natural resource specialists from government agencies who assisted with the identification and collection of samples. The authors thank Doug Page for multiple collections, Konstantin Krutovsky for primer design, Jody Mello for laboratory analyses, Craig Echt for analysis advice, Connie Millar and David Charlet for multiple collections and helpful comments on the manuscript, and Julie Canavin for manuscript preparation assistance. This project was a cooperative effort between the Bureau of Land Management Wyoming and the Forest Management staff at the National Forest Genetics Laboratory of the USDA Forest Service. It was supported in part through Research Joint Venture Agreement 10-JV-11330146-049 between the Southern Research Station of the USDA Forest Service and North Carolina State University. NR 141 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 34 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 100 IS 8 BP 1562 EP 1579 DI 10.3732/ajb.1300039 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 228GL UT WOS:000325173800008 PM 23876453 ER PT J AU Edwards, AE Amatya, DM Williams, TM Hitchcock, DR James, AL AF Edwards, Amy E. Amatya, Devendra M. Williams, Thomas M. Hitchcock, Daniel R. James, April L. TI FLOW CHARACTERIZATION IN THE SANTEE CAVE SYSTEM IN THE CHAPEL BRANCH CREEK WATERSHED, UPPER COASTAL PLAIN OF SOUTH CAROLINA, USA SO JOURNAL OF CAVE AND KARST STUDIES LA English DT Article ID FLORIDAN AQUIFER; MANTLED KARST; GROUNDWATER; RECHARGE; TERRAIN; LAKE AB Karst watersheds possess both diffuse and conduit flow and varying degrees of connectivity between surface and groundwater over spatial scales that result in complex hydrology and contaminant transport processes. The flow regime and surface-groundwater connection must be properly identified and characterized to improve management in karst watersheds with impaired water bodies, such as the Chapel Branch Creek (CBC), South Carolina watershed, which has a long-temn sampling station presently listed on an EPA 303(d) list for phosphorous, pH, and nitrogen. Water from the carbonate limestone aquifer of the Santee Cave system and spring seeps in the CBC watershed were monitored to characterize dominant flow type and surface-groundwater connection by measuring dissolved calcium and magnesium, total suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, alkalinity, pH, specific conductance, and stable isotopes (delta O-18, delta H-2). These measurements indicated that the conduit flow to Santee Cave spring was recharged predominantly from diffuse flow, with a slow response of surface water infiltration to the conduit. Qualitative dye traces and stage elevation at Santee Cave spring and the adjacent Lake Marion (equal to the elevation of the flooded portion of CBC) also indicated a relation between fluctuating base level of the CBC reservoir-like embayment and elevation of the Santee Limestone karst aquifer at the spring. Methods described herein to characterize the flow type and surface-groundwater connection in the Santee Cave system can be applied not only to watershed management in the Chapel Branch Creek watershed, but also to the greater region where this carbonate limestone aquifer exists. C1 [Edwards, Amy E.] Florida A&M Univ, Sch Environm, Tallahassee, FL 32301 USA. [Amatya, Devendra M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. [Williams, Thomas M.; Hitchcock, Daniel R.] Clemson Univ, Belle W Baruch Inst Coastal Ecol & Forest Sci, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA. [James, April L.] Nipissing Univ, Dept Geog, North Bay, ON P1B 8L7, Canada. RP Edwards, AE (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Sch Environm, Tallahassee, FL 32301 USA. EM amy.edwards@famu.edu; damatya@fs.fed.us; tmwllms@clemson.edu; dhitchc@clemson.edu; aprilj@nipissingu.ca FU South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control's 319 Grant [EQ-7-514, 4OFY06]; US Forest Service Center for Forest Wetlands Research [SRS 06-CO-11330135-122] FX This study was made possible by the support from South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control's 319 Grant Agreement #EQ-7-514 (Project #4OFY06) with US Forest Service Center for Forest Wetlands Research (SRS 06-CO-11330135-122). The authors acknowledge the following for assistance in this particular study: Irvin Pitts and Valerie Carter-Stone with SC DNR for permit to access Santee Cave; Field help from FS technicians Andy Harrison and Matt Kaswaski; Water sample analysis from Larry McCord, Brian Lynch, Chip Davis, Anita Brown, Linda Williams and Debra Guerry from Santee Cooper Biological & Analytical Laboratory; weyerhaeuser company Cooperation from Mayor Silas Seabrooks and Herman Keller with the Town of Santee and Gary Bennett with Santee National Golf Course; Rangers Nathan Maiwald and Adin Fell with Santee State Park; SC DHEC Hydrologist Pete Stone; SC DHEC Andy Miller, Meredith Murphy, Matt Carswell, and Nydia Burdick; SCDNR Jim Scurry, and NPS Denver Ingram. Thanks also to Dr. Herbert Ssegane at University of Georgia for assistance with statistical analysis of the water quality data. And special thanks to the residents of Chapel Branch II for their boundless energy and local support. Financial support for stable isotope analyses were provided by the Canada Foundation of Innovation, the Canada Research Chair Program and Nipissing University, ON, Canada. Thanks to Dr. Krys Chutko for technical support on isotope analyses. Cape Hatteras GNIP station data were accessed through the International Atomic Energy Agency's GNIP program with analytical support from the University of Copenhagen and the USGS Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU NATL SPELEOLOGICAL SOC PI HUNTSVILLE PA 2813 CAVE AVE, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35810-4431 USA SN 1090-6924 J9 J CAVE KARST STUD JI J. Cave Karst Stud. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 75 IS 2 BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.4311/2011ES0262 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 229ZE UT WOS:000325305600005 ER PT J AU Foster, AD Ziegltrum, J AF Foster, Alex D. Ziegltrum, Joan TI Riparian-associated Gastropods in Western Washington: Community Composition and the Effects of Forest Management SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE buffer; logging; thinning; retention; mollusk ID CONIFER RELEASE TREATMENTS; TERRESTRIAL GASTROPODS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SPECIES RICHNESS; DISPERSAL; HABITATS; PATTERNS; DENSITY; MICROCLIMATES; PULMONATA AB We evaluated the abundance of riparian gastropod communities along headwater streams and their response to logging in southwestern Washington State. Terrestrial mollusks near logged streams with similar to 15 m fixed-width buffers were compared to logged streams with no buffers and to unlogged controls. Mollusk communities varied among sites relative to vegetative composition, the amount of understory cover and presence of seeps or small wetland features in the riparian areas. After logging, slug and snail abundance were significantly different between streams with no buffers compared to fixed-width buffers and control streams, however the effect size was relatively small suggesting site variability may override the effects of logging. Our findings illustrate that site variability can affect mollusk community structure and influence taxa resiliency to disturbances such as logging. C1 [Foster, Alex D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Foster, AD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM alexfoster@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Washington State Department of Natural Resources; USDA Forest Service PNW Research Station FX We thank the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Washington State Department of Natural Resources for their support. We gratefully acknowledge Tom Burke, Pete Bisson, Shannon Claeson, Kim Gridley, Tom Kogut, Bill Leonard, Kristiina Ovaska, Deb McConnell, Casey Richart, Robin Shoal, Wren Wolf and others for their help with initial taxa identification, field surveys and helpful comments. This work was part of a larger collaborative effort with the Washington State Departments of Natural Resources and Ecology and the University of Washington. Funding for this study was primarily through the USDA Forest Service PNW Research Station, with in-kind assistance from the other named collaborators. Comments from the reviewers of Northwest Science greatly improved the manuscript. Additional review was provided by Kathryn Ronnenberg. We appreciate Kelsey Shimada and E. Ashley Steel for their statistical assistance and contributions to the analysis. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 87 IS 3 BP 243 EP 256 DI 10.3955/046.087.0306 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 229MZ UT WOS:000325271800004 ER PT J AU Cammalleri, C Anderson, MC Gao, F Hain, CR Kustas, WP AF Cammalleri, C. Anderson, M. C. Gao, F. Hain, C. R. Kustas, W. P. TI A data fusion approach for mapping daily evapotranspiration at field scale SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE thermal remote sensing; Landsat; MODIS; surface energy balance ID ENERGY-BALANCE ALGORITHM; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; LEAF-AREA INDEX; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; HEAT-FLUX; 2-SOURCE MODEL; VEGETATION; LANDSAT; EVAPORATION; MODIS AB Thermal remote sensing methods for mapping evapotranspiration (ET) exploit the physical interconnection that exists between land-surface temperature (LST) and evaporative cooling, employing principles of surface energy balance (SEB). Unfortunately, while many applications in water resource management require ET information at daily and field spatial scales, current satellite-based thermal sensors are characterized by either low spatial resolution and high repeatability or by moderate/high spatial resolution and low frequency. Here we introduce a novel approach to ET mapping that fuses characteristics of both classes of sensors to provide optimal spatiotemporal coverage. In this approach, coarse resolution daily ET maps generated with a SEB model using geostationary satellite data are spatially disaggregated using daily MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 1 km and biweekly Landsat LST imagery sharpened to 30 m. These ET fields are then fused to obtain daily ET maps at 30 m spatial resolution. The accuracy of the fused Landsat-MODIS daily ET maps was evaluated over Iowa using observations collected at eight flux towers sited in corn and soybean fields during the Soil Moisture Experiment of 2002, as well as in comparison with a Landsat-only retrieval. A significant improvement in ET accuracy (reducing errors from 0.75 to 0.58 mm d(-1) on average) was obtained by fusing MODIS and Landsat data in comparison with the Landsat-only case, with most notable improvements when a rainfall event occurred between two successive Landsat acquisitions. The improvements are further evident at the seasonal timescale, where a 3% error is obtained using Landsat-MODIS fusion versus a 9% Landsat-only systematic underestimation. C1 [Cammalleri, C.; Anderson, M. C.; Gao, F.; Kustas, W. P.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hain, C. R.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Cammalleri, C (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, TP280 Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. EM carmelo.cammalleri@jrc.ec.europa.eu RI Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Kustas, William/C-2063-2015 OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; FU NASA [NNH11AQ82I] FX The authors would like to thank Jerry Hatfield and John Prueger from the USDA-ARS Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment for supporting the continued operation, maintenance, collection, and processing of the eight eddy covariance flux tower systems used in this study. Support for this research was provided by NASA (grant NNH11AQ82I). The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S. W., Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 66 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 8 U2 44 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 8 BP 4672 EP 4686 DI 10.1002/wrcr.20349 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 223VA UT WOS:000324838300011 ER PT J AU Zhang, C Zhuang, XS Wang, ZJ Matt, F St John, F Zhu, JY AF Zhang, Chao Zhuang, Xinshu Wang, Zhao Jiang Matt, Fred St John, Franz Zhu, J. Y. TI Xylanase supplementation on enzymatic saccharification of dilute acid pretreated poplars at different severities SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Xylanase supplementation; Enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification; Poplar/hard wood; Pretreatment severity; Substrate accessibility ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; CORN STOVER; SPORL PRETREATMENTS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; WOODY BIOMASS; HYDROLYSIS; ENZYMES; RECALCITRANCE; TECHNOLOGIES; ENHANCEMENT AB Three pairs of solid substrates from dilute acid pretreatment of two poplar wood samples were enzymatically hydrolyzed by cellulase preparations supplemented with xylanase. Supplementation of xylanase improved cellulose saccharification perhaps due to improved cellulose accessibility by xylan hydrolysis. Total xylan removal directly affected enzymatic cellulose saccharification. Furthermore, xylan removal by pretreatment and xylanase are indifferent to enzymatic cellulose saccharification. However, more enzymatic xylose and glucose yields were obtained for a substrate with lower xylan content after a severer pretreatment at the same xylanase dosage. The effectiveness of xylanase at increased dosages depended on the substrates structure or accessibility. High xylanase dosages were more effective on well pretreated substrates than on under-pretreated substrates with high xylan content. The application sequence of xylanase and cellulase affected cellulose saccharification. This effect varied with substrate accessibility, perhaps due to competition between xylanase and cellulase binding to the substrate. C1 [Zhang, Chao] Tianjin Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Chao; Zhuang, Xinshu; Wang, Zhao Jiang; Matt, Fred; St John, Franz; Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Zhuang, Xinshu] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Energy Convers, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zhao Jiang] Shandong Polytech Univ, Key Lab Paper Sci & Technol, Jinan, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service (USFS) through the Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (WBBB); USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project [2010-33610-21589]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA) [2011-68005-30416]; Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC); Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) through the Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (WBBB, 2011), a USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project (Contract Number: 2010-33610-21589) to BioPulping International, and the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-68005-30416 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA). These projects along with the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences provided financial support to Zhang, Zhuang, and Wang for their visiting appointments at USFS-FPL. We also would like to acknowledge Dr. Ronald Zalesny and his staff at USFS Northern Research Station, Rhinelander, WI, for harvesting the poplar woods. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 EI 1572-882X J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD AUG PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1937 EP 1946 DI 10.1007/s10570-013-9934-2 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 195AE UT WOS:000322673000033 ER PT J AU Klasson, KT Dien, BS Hector, RE AF Klasson, K. Thomas Dien, Bruce S. Hector, Ronald E. TI Simultaneous detoxification, saccharification, and ethanol fermentation of weak-acid hydrolyzates SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Ethanol fermentation; Detoxification; Furfural; Activated biochar ID BAGASSE HEMICELLULOSE HYDROLYSATE; XYLITOL PRODUCTION; ACTIVATED CARBONS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CANDIDA-GUILLIERMONDII; ADSORPTIVE PROPERTIES; ESTIMATED COST; ALMOND SHELLS; ACETIC-ACID; PRETREATMENT AB Lignocellulosic feedstocks can be prepared for ethanol fermentation by pre-treatment with a dilute mineral acid catalyst that hydrolyzes the hemicellulose and opens up the plant cell wall fibers for subsequent enzymatic saccharification. The acid catalyzed reaction scheme is sequential whereby released monosaccharides are further degraded to furans and other chemicals that are inhibitory to the next fermentation step. This work evaluated the use of agricultural residue (flax shive) as starting material for making activated biochar to adsorb these degradation products. Results show that both furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are adsorbed by steam-activated biochar prepared from flax shive. Decontamination of the hydrolyzate significantly improved the fermentation behavior by Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, including significantly reducing the lag phase of the fermentation, when the amount of biochar added to the fermentation broth was 2.5% (w/v). No negative effects were noted from addition of activated char to the process. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Klasson, K. Thomas] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Dien, Bruce S.; Hector, Ronald E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Klasson, KT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM thomas.klasson@ars.usda.gov OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081; Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 BP 292 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.04.059 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 220EZ UT WOS:000324566600040 ER PT J AU Scordia, D Cosentino, SL Jeffries, TW AF Scordia, Danilo Cosentino, Salvatore L. Jeffries, Thomas W. TI Enzymatic hydrolysis, simultaneous saccharification and ethanol fermentation of oxalic acid pretreated giant reed (Arundo donax L.) SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Arundo donax; Giant reed; Pretreatment; SSF; Bioethanol production; Enzymatic hydrolysis ID FUTURE ENERGY CROPS; STEAM EXPLOSION; EUROPE; CELLULOSE; LIGNOCELLULOSICS; BIOMASS; WOOD AB Giant reed was evaluated for enzymatic hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using a commercial cellulase/beta-glucosidase and Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis CBS 6054 for ethanol production following dilute-oxalic acid pretreatment. A response surface methodology with two input parameters - severity factor (SF) and oxalic acid concentration (OA) - was employed to optimize both enzymatic hydrolysis and SSF. Xylan content after dilute-OA pretreatment decreased with increasing SF and OA; almost complete hydrolysis was observed when the harsher pretreatment conditions were used. Glucan and lignin content showed an opposite trend with respect to xylan content after dilute-OA pretreatment. Accordingly, enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production reached 95% of glucan conversion and 18 gl(-1) (75.3% of the maximum theoretical ethanol yield), respectively, with the pretreatment condition 4.05 SF and 5% OA w/w. Dilute-OA mediated pretreatment of giant reed followed by coupled saccharification and fermentation can be considered a promising methodology for second generation bioethanol production. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Scordia, Danilo; Cosentino, Salvatore L.] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Sci Prod Agr & Alimentari DISPA, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Jeffries, Thomas W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Jeffries, Thomas W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Scordia, D (reprint author), Univ Catania, Dipartimento Sci Prod Agr & Alimentari DISPA, Via Valdisavoia 5, I-95123 Catania, Italy. EM dscordia@unict.it RI Cosentino, Salvatore/F-7318-2011; OI Cosentino, Salvatore/0000-0001-7076-8777; Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065; Scordia, Danilo/0000-0002-3822-788X FU USDA [CRADA 08-RD-11111126-007] FX EdeniQ supported this work under USDA CRADA 08-RD-11111126-007. The authors gratefully acknowledge Frederick J. Matt of the Analytical Chemistry and Microscopy Laboratory of the USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) for carrying out the structural carbohydrate determinations. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 BP 392 EP 399 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.05.031 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 220EZ UT WOS:000324566600054 ER PT J AU Zheljazkov, VD Cantrell, CL Astatkie, T Jeliazkova, E AF Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Cantrell, Charles L. Astatkie, Tess Jeliazkova, Ekaterina TI Mentha canadensis L., a subtropical plant, can withstand first few fall frosts when grown in northern climate SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Essential oil; Distillation; Menthol; Harvest dates; Mint; Biofuels ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; JAPANESE CORNMINT; ESSENTIAL OILS; ARVENSIS AB Japanese cornmint (Mentha canadensis L) is a subtropical essential oil crop grown in Asia and South America. The essential oil of Japanese cornmint is the only commercial source for production of natural crystaline menthol, an important aromatic agent used in various industrial applications. The United States is a major importer and consumer of menthol and de-mentholized oil. Currently, there is no commercial production of Japanese cornmint in the United States. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of harvest dates (HD) in the fall (designed to cover the period of fall frosts) on essential oil content, oil composition, and the yields of individual oil constituents of two Japanese cornmint cultivars, 'Arvensis 2' and 'Arvensis 3'. Field experiments were conducted in northern Wyoming (44 degrees 45.686' N and -106 degrees 55.479' W, at elevation of 1171 m asl). From the first to the last HD, there were 16 frosts in 2011 and 27 frosts in 2012. Results showed that Japanese cornmint can withstand the first few fall frosts and provide good yields with desirable oil composition. The fresh yields of the two cultivars were not different for all of the HD in 2011 and for some of the HD in 2012. However, in 2012, 'Arvensis 3' provided larger fresh herbage yields than 'Arvensis 2' on 5 October, 19 October, 26 October, and 2 November HD. Oil content in fresh herbage varied from 0.126% to 0.571%, and oil yields varied from 18 to 152 kg/ha as a function of HD and cultivar. Menthol concentration in the oil varied from 67% to 85% depending on HD, and was not significantly different between the two cultivars at any given HD. Later HD (5-19 October), after the first few fall frosts, did not decrease menthol concentration in the oil of Japanese mint cultivars. Japanese cornmint could be a viable crop and potentially a biofuel feedstock for northern latitude (around 44 degrees N), at elevation of around 1170 m asl. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.; Jeliazkova, Ekaterina] Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, 663 Wyarno Rd, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. EM valtcho.pubs@gmail.com RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012 OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789 FU SunGrant Initiative Program FX This research was funded by the SunGrant Initiative Program project entitled "Development of Production Systems for Emerging Feedstock for Double Utilization" awarded to Dr. V. Zheljazkov (V. Jeliazkov). We thank Mr. Dan Smith, Mr. Lyn Ciampa, Ms. Lacey Fisher, Ms. Berva Brock, Mrs. Leanne Roadifer, Ms. Becky Moreland, and Mr. Jeremiah Vardiman for their help with the field trials and oil extraction. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 BP 521 EP 525 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.05.034 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 220EZ UT WOS:000324566600071 ER PT J AU Knothe, G Razon, LF Bacani, FT AF Knothe, Gerhard Razon, Luis F. Bacani, Florinda T. TI Kenaf oil methyl esters SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Fuel properties; Kenaf seed oil methyl esters; Transesterification ID L. SEED OIL; FATTY-ACID; CATALYZED TRANSESTERIFICATION; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; FUEL PROPERTIES; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; PETRODIESEL; COMPOSITES; COMPONENTS; VISCOSITY AB Additional or alternative feedstocks are one of the major areas of interest regarding biodiesel. In this paper, the fuel properties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed oil methyl esters are comprehensively reported. This biodiesel is also relatively unique by containing small amounts of cyclic fatty acid methyl esters and of methyl epoxyoleate. Biodiesel from kenaf seed oil generally meets fuel property specifications in biodiesel standards. No influence of either the methyl esters of epoxyoleic acid or the cyclic fatty acids on fuel properties was detected at the levels present in kenaf, however, the kinematic viscosity was moderately higher than could be expected, indicating that cyclic moieties may increase viscosity. The H-1- and C-13-NMR spectra of kenaf seed oil methyl esters are also discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Knothe, Gerhard] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Razon, Luis F.; Bacani, Florinda T.] De La Salle Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manila 1004, Philippines. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 BP 568 EP 572 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.06.003 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 220EZ UT WOS:000324566600077 ER PT J AU Andrzejewski, B Eggleston, G Powell, R AF Andrzejewski, Brett Eggleston, Gillian Powell, Randall TI Pilot plant clarification of sweet sorghum juice and evaporation of raw and clarified juices SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Sweet sorghum; Sugar feedstocks; Pilot plant; Clarification; Vacuum evaporation; Syrup; Ethanol yields ID CANE JUICE; FERMENTATION; SUGAR; MANUFACTURE; PHOSPHATE; LOSSES; DATE AB One of the fundamental processing areas identified by industry for the commercial, large-scale manufacture of liquid biofuels and bioproducts from sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is the clarification of juice to make it suitable for concentration into syrup for long-term storage, year-round supply, efficient transport, and acceptable fermentation yields. Pilot plant studies were conducted to evaluate the clarification of juices (80 degrees C; target limed pH of 6.3; 5 ppm polyanionic flocculant) from a sweet sorghum hybrid and cultivar M81E on three sample dates across a 3-month (September-November) processing season in 2011. Turbidity removal across pilot plant clarification was 95-98% after only 30-50 min retention time (R-t). The higher R-t at the pilot than laboratory scale caused a slight loss of total fermentable sugars (sucrose + glucose + fructose) to acid degradation, thus a slightly higher target limed pH of similar to 6.5 is recommended to preserve sugars during clarification and downstream thermal evaporation. Under non-optimized fermentation conditions (Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast 10% (w/w); 35 degrees C; 14h; 18 Brix), higher and less variable bioethanol yields with less foam formation occurred under sterile than non-sterile conditions for both raw and clarified syrups. Ethanol yields ranged from 7.1 to 8.2% (56.0-64.7 g/L) and 5.8 to 8.4% (45.8-66.3 g/L) and sterile and non-sterile conditions, respectively. Moreover, under sterile conditions, there were no significant differences at the 5% probability level for ethanol yields between the raw and clarified syrups, indicating clarification did not impede fermentation. Overall, clarification of the juices reduced the loss of fermentable sugars during the evaporation stage, and allowed for better syrup storage. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Andrzejewski, Brett; Eggleston, Gillian] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Powell, Randall] BioDimens Delta Renewables LLC, Memphis, TN USA. RP Eggleston, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM gillian.eggleston@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 BP 648 EP 658 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.06.027 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 220EZ UT WOS:000324566600088 ER PT J AU Theodoro, RC Scheel, CM Brandt, ME Kasuga, T Bagagli, E AF Theodoro, Raquel Cordeiro Scheel, Christina M. Brandt, Mary E. Kasuga, Takao Bagagli, Eduardo TI PRP8 intein in cryptic species of Histoplasma capsulatum: Evolution and phylogeny SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Histoplasma capsulatum; Latin America; PRP8 intein; Phylogeny ID PARACOCCIDIOIDES-BRASILIENSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MODEL EUKARYOTE; RECOGNITION; PROTEIN; FUNGI; AJELLOMYCETACEAE; SUBSTITUTIONS; NEUROSPORA; SPECIATION AB The PRP8 intein is the most widespread intein among the Kingdom Fungi. This genetic element occurs within the prp8 gene, and is transcribed and translated simultaneously with the gene. After translation, the intein excises itself from the Prp8 protein by an autocatalytic splicing reaction, subsequently joining the N and C terminals of the host protein, which retains its functional conformation. Besides the splicing domain, some PRP8 inteins also have a homing endonuclease (HE) domain which, if functional, makes the intein a mobile element capable of becoming fixed in a population. This work aimed to study (1) The occurrence of this intein in Histoplasma capsulatum isolates (n = 99) belonging to different cryptic species collected in diverse geographical locations, and (2) The functionality of the endonuclease domains of H. capsulatum PRP8 inteins and their phylogenetic relationship among the cryptic species. Our results suggest that the PRP8 intein is fixed in H. capsulatum populations and that an admixture or a probable ancestral polymorphism of the PRP8 intein sequences is responsible for the apparent paraphyletic pattern of the LAmA clade which, in the intein phylogeny, also encompasses sequences from LAmB isolates. The PRP8 intein sequences clearly separate the different cryptic species, and may serve as an additional molecular typing tool, as previously proposed for other fungi genus, such as Oyptococcus and Paracoccidioides. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Theodoro, Raquel Cordeiro] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [Scheel, Christina M.; Brandt, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kasuga, Takao] USDA ARS, Davis, CA USA. RP Theodoro, RC (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Ctr Biociencias, Dept Biol Celular & Genet, Ave Senador Salgado Filho S-N,Campus Univ UFRN, BR-59078900 Natal, RN, Brazil. EM grobiobot@yahoo.com.br FU FAPESP [2010/08839-1]; CDC FX We thank John W. Taylor (University of Berkeley, California), Maria Lucia Taylor (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico) and Huyen Phan (Roche) for supplying some of the isolates of Histoplasma capsulatum, Yitian Zhou, Joyce Peterson, Lalitha Gade and Eszter Deak, for assistance with fungal cultures and PCR protocols. This work was supported by FAPESP (grant number: 2010/08839-1) and CDC. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 BP 174 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.05.001 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 221LR UT WOS:000324660900022 PM 23665464 ER PT J AU Adrien, MD Riet-Correa, G de Oliveira, CA Pfister, JA Cook, D Souza, EG Riet-Correa, F Schild, AL AF Adrien, Maria de Lourdes Riet-Correa, Gabriela de Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Pfister, James A. Cook, Daniel Souza, Elda G. Riet-Correa, Franklin Schild, Ana Lucia TI Conditioned food aversion to Ipomoea carnea var. fistulosa induced by Baccharis coridifolia in goats SO PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA LA English DT Article DE Poisonous plants; Ipomoea carnea var. fistulosa; Convolvulaceae; food aversion; swainsonine; plant poisoning ID TASTE-AVERSION; SUBSP FISTULOSA; PARABRACHIAL NUCLEUS; CERCOCARPUS-MONTANUS; SOCIAL FACILITATION; LITHIUM-CHLORIDE; MASCAGNIA-RIGIDA; STORAGE DISEASE; CATTLE; LARKSPUR AB Baccharis coridifolia is a plant that induces strong conditioned food aversion in ruminants. This research aimed to induce a conditioned food aversion to Ipomoea carnea var. fistulosa in goats, using B. coridifolia as an aversive agent, and to compare the aversion induced by this plant with the aversion induced by lithium chloride (LiCl). Thirteen goats were allotted into two groups: Group 1 with six goats was averted with 175mg/kg of body weight of LiCl and Group 2 with seven goats was averted with 0,25g/kg of bw of dried B. coridifolia. All goats were averted on day 1 after the ingestion of I. carnea. The aversion procedure with LiCl or B. coridifolia in goats from Groups 1 and 2, respectively, was repeated in those goats that again consumed the plant during tests on days 2, 3, and 7. The goats of both groups were challenged in pens on 23 and 38 days after the last day of aversion and challenged in the pasture on days 11, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27 and 29 after the last day of aversion. After this period goats were challenged every 15 days on pasture until the 330 degrees day after the last day of aversion (7th day). Two goats from Group 1 ingested I. carnea on the first day of the pasture challenge, 4 days after the last day of aversive conditioning in the pen. In addition, another goat in Group 1 started to consume the plant on day 18, and other two goats ate it on day 20. One goat in Group 1 that had never eaten I. carnea died on day 155. One goat from Group 2 started to ingest I. carnea on the first day of the pasture challenge, and a second goat started to consume this plant on day 182. At the end of the experiment, on day 330, the other five goats averted with B. coridifolia remained averted. These results suggest that B. coridifolia or an active compound from the plant could be used to induce aversion to toxic plants. Using B. coridifolia would be cheaper and, particularly in flocks with large number of animals, possibly easier than using LiCl, which requires the use of oral gavage and qualified personnel for its implementation. C1 [Adrien, Maria de Lourdes] Univ Fed Pelotas UFPel, Fac Vet, BR-96010900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Riet-Correa, Gabriela; de Oliveira, Carlos Alberto; Souza, Elda G.] Univ Fed Para UFPA, Escola Vet, BR-68743080 Castanhal, PA, Brazil. [Pfister, James A.; Cook, Daniel] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Riet-Correa, Franklin] UFCG, CSTR, Hosp Vet, BR-58708110 Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. RP Schild, AL (reprint author), Univ Fed Pelotas, Lab Reg Diagnost, Fac Vet, Campus Univ S-N,Caixa Postal 354, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. EM alschild@terra.com.br RI Schild, Ana Lucia/H-6330-2014 FU INCT/CNPq [573534/2008-0]; CNPq [471365/2010-6]; CAPES [646/2010] FX This research was supported by INCT/CNPq process no. 573534/2008-0, CNPq process no. 471365/2010-6 and CAPES (PROCAD-2009, case no. 646/2010). We thank Dr. Kristian Fog Nielsen's Department for Systems Biology of the Technical University of Denmark by trichothecenes determination. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU REVISTA PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA PI RIO JANEIRO PA EMBRAPA-SAUDE ANIMAL, KM47 SEROPEDICA, 23851-970 RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SN 0100-736X J9 PESQUISA VET BRASIL JI Pesqui. Vet. Bras. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 33 IS 8 BP 999 EP 1003 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 220AN UT WOS:000324553200009 ER PT J AU Porto, MR Saturnino, KC Lima, EMM Lee, ST Lemos, RAA Marcolongo-Pereira, C Riet-Correa, F de Castro, MB AF Porto, Mirna R. Saturnino, Klaus C. Lima, Eduardo M. M. Lee, Stephen T. Lemos, Ricardo A. A. Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton Riet-Correa, Franklin de Castro, Marcio B. TI Evaluation of solar exposure in Brachiaria decumbens poisoning in sheep SO PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA LA Portuguese DT Article DE Poisonous plants; Brachiaria spp.; plant poisoning; photosensitization; sheep ID MATO-GROSSO; BRAZIL; PHOTOSENSITIZATION; RUMINANTS; CHOLANGIOHEPATOPATHY; CHOLANGIOPATHY; RUMEN; CELLS AB Twenty-six five-month-old lambs originated from flocks with no previous contact with Brachiaria spp. pastures were divided into three groups. Two groups (GS and GSB) were fed daily with fresh harvested Brachiaria decumbens ad libitum. GS was kept in an area with solar exposure and GSB was kept in stalls sheltered from solar exposure. Control group (GC) was also kept under solar exposure, but fed with Cynodon dactylon grass hay and Pennisetum purpureum fresh grass. All sheep from the three groups were supplemented with 200g daily of a commercial concentrated food. Evaluation of clinical signs was carried out daily and blood samples were collected twice a week to determine AST and GGT serum activities. Three out of nine lambs of GS presented clinical signs of Brachiaria spp. poisoning, and two died. One animal showed clinical signs and died in GSB. The main clinical signs observed were apathy, weight loss, photophobia, conjunctivitis, ocular mucous discharge and jaundice. Dermatitis due to photosensitization was not observed. Mean serum AST and GGT activities were significantly higher (p <= 0,05) in the group exposed to sun, than in the other two groups, and the GGT activities were significantly higher in the group sheltered than in the control group (p <= 0,05). All animals at the end of the experiment were submitted to liver biopsy and died lambs were necropsied. Histopathological evaluation of liver samples from sheep with clinical signs evidenced swelling and vacuolization of hepatocytes, individual hepatocytes necrosis, presence of foamy macrophages, crystal negative images within bile ducts and foamy macrophages, biliary duct hyperplasia and periportal mononuclear infiltration. These results suggest that sun exposure does not define intoxication, but exacerbates the toxicity of the grass. C1 [Porto, Mirna R.; Lima, Eduardo M. M.; de Castro, Marcio B.] Univ Brasilia UnB, Hosp Vet, BR-70910970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Saturnino, Klaus C.] Univ Fed Rondonia, BR-76940000 Rolim De Moura, RO, Brazil. [Lee, Stephen T.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Lemos, Ricardo A. A.] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, BR-79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton] Univ Fed Pelotas UFPel, Fac Vet, BR-96010900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Riet-Correa, Franklin] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Hosp Vet, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. RP de Castro, MB (reprint author), Univ Brasilia UnB, Hosp Vet, Via L4 Norte,Cx Postal 4508, BR-70910970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM mbcastro@unb.br RI Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/G-1567-2014 OI Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/0000-0002-5593-3110 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU REVISTA PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA PI RIO JANEIRO PA EMBRAPA-SAUDE ANIMAL, KM47 SEROPEDICA, 23851-970 RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SN 0100-736X J9 PESQUISA VET BRASIL JI Pesqui. Vet. Bras. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1009 EP 1015 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 220AN UT WOS:000324553200011 ER PT J AU Sudfeld, CR Duggan, C Histed, A Manji, KP Meydani, SN Aboud, S Wang, ML Giovannucci, EL Fawzi, WW AF Sudfeld, Christopher R. Duggan, Christopher Histed, Alex Manji, Karim P. Meydani, Simin N. Aboud, Said Wang, Molin Giovannucci, Edward L. Fawzi, Wafaie W. TI Effect of Multivitamin Supplementation on Measles Vaccine Response among HIV-Exposed Uninfected Tanzanian Infants SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VITAMIN-A SUPPLEMENTATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ANTIBODY-AFFINITY; ZAMBIAN CHILDREN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; PREGNANT-WOMEN; B-CELLS; INFECTION; VIRUS AB Immunization and nutritional interventions are mainstays of child health programs in sub-Saharan Africa, yet few published data exist on their interactions. HIV-exposed (but uninfected) infants enrolled in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of multivitamin supplements (vitamins B complex, C, and E) conducted in Tanzania were sampled for an assessment of measles IgG quantity and avidity at 15 to 18 months. Infants were vaccinated between 8.5 and 12 months of age, and all mothers received high-dose multivitamins as the standard of care. Of 201 HIV-exposed infants who were enrolled, 138 (68.7%) were seropositive for measles. There were no effects of infant multivitamin supplementation on measles seroconversion proportions, IgG concentrations, or IgG avidity (P > 0.05). The measles seroconversion proportion was greater for HIV-exposed infants vaccinated at 10 to 11 months of age than for those vaccinated at 8.5 to 10 months (P = 0.032) and greater for infants whose mothers had a CD4 T-cell count of <200 cells/mu l than for infants whose mothers had a CD4 T-cell count of >350 cells/mu l (P = 0.039). Stunted infants had a significantly decreased IgG quantity compared to nonstunted infants (P = 0.012). As for measles avidity, HIV-exposed infants vaccinated at 10 to 11 months had increased antibody avidity compared to those vaccinated at 8.5 to 10 months (P = 0.031). Maternal CD4 T-cell counts of <200 cells/mu l were associated with decreased avidity compared to counts of >350 cells/mu l (P = 0.047), as were lower infant height-for-age z-scores (P = 0.016). Supplementation with multivitamins containing B complex, C, and E does not appear to improve measles vaccine responses for HIV-exposed infants. Studies are needed to better characterize the impact of maternal HIV disease severity on the immune system development of HIV-exposed infants and the effect of malnutrition interventions on vaccine responses. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00197730.) C1 [Sudfeld, Christopher R.; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Fawzi, Wafaie W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Duggan, Christopher; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Fawzi, Wafaie W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wang, Molin] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fawzi, Wafaie W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Duggan, Christopher] Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Gastroenterol & Nutr, Boston, MA USA. [Histed, Alex; Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Manji, Karim P.] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Aboud, Said] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Sackler Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Giovannucci, Edward L.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA. RP Sudfeld, CR (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM csudfeld@mail.harvard.edu FU Harvard Global Health Institute (HGHI); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [NICHD R01 HD043688-01, K24HD058795]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [T32AI007358] FX This work was made possible with support from the Harvard Global Health Institute (HGHI), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD R01 HD043688-01 and K24HD058795), and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (T32AI007358). NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1123 EP 1132 DI 10.1128/CVI.00183-13 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 190CY UT WOS:000322316800004 PM 23720367 ER PT J AU Khalifeh, MS Stabel, JR AF Khalifeh, M. S. Stabel, J. R. TI Clinical Disease Upregulates Expression of CD40 and CD40 Ligand on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Cattle Naturally Infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; GAMMA-INTERFERON; NEONATAL CALVES; DENDRITIC CELLS; T-CELLS; RESPONSES; INTERLEUKIN-10; STIMULATION; SURVIVAL AB CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) have costimulatory effects as part of a complex series of events in host immunity. In this study, the expression of CD40 and CD40L on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from cattle with Johne's disease were measured on freshly isolated PBMCs and on cells cultured for 8, 24, and 72 h in the presence or absence of live Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and exogenous gamma interferon, interleukin 10, and transforming growth factor beta. Results demonstrated greater CD40 and CD40L expression on fresh PBMCs obtained from animals in the clinical stage of disease (symptomatic) than those from healthy control animals or cows in the subclinical stage of disease (asymptomatic). A similar expression profile with greater magnitude was noted for cultured PBMCs, with increased CD40 expression after 8 and 24 h of culture and increased CD40L expression between 24 and 72 h on PBMCs obtained from clinically infected animals. The addition of live M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to cell cultures resulted in downregulation of CD40L expression in naturally infected cows, regardless of the disease stage. In contrast, the addition of live M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to cultures resulted in upregulation of CD40 expression on cells obtained from clinically infected animals, while a decrease in expression was noted for healthy and subclinically infected cows. No effects of exogenous cytokines on CD40 or CD40L expression were observed. These results clearly point for the first time to a disparity in the expression of these costimulatory molecules on immune cells from cattle in different stages of Johne's disease and suggest further investigation into their roles in paratuberculosis pathogenesis. C1 [Khalifeh, M. S.] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Irbid, Jordan. [Stabel, J. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1274 EP 1282 DI 10.1128/CVI.00246-13 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 190CY UT WOS:000322316800023 PM 23761659 ER PT J AU Katzner, TE Collar, NJ AF Katzner, Todd E. Collar, Nigel J. TI ARE INSULAR POPULATIONS OF THE PHILIPPINE FALCONET (MICROHIERAX ERYTHROGENYS) STEPS IN A CLINE? SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE colonization; dispersal; Microhierax; Philippines; stepped clines; tropical raptors ID AVES TURDIDAE COPSYCHUS; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; BIRD TAXONOMY; DIVERSIFICATION; CONSERVATION; SPECIATION AB Founder effects, new environments, and competition often produce changes in species colonizing islands, although the resulting endemism sometimes requires molecular identification. One method to identify fruitful areas for more detailed genetic study is through comparative morphological analyses. We measured 210 museum specimens to evaluate the potential morphological consequences of colonization across the Philippine archipelago by the Philippine Falconet (Microhierax erythrogenys). Measurements of both males and females differed clearly from island to island. Univariate and multivariate analysis of characteristics showed a latitudinal gradient, with the bill, wing, and tail of southern birds being larger than those of northern birds, forming the pattern of a stepped cline across a succession of islands. The stepped gradient in morphology and extensive differences between islands we observed provide evidence for multiple perspectives on phylogeny, including concordance with aggregate complexes expected on the basis of sea-level fluctuations. However, calculation of diagnosability indices did not support subspecific designations. Sex-specific dominance and dispersal patterns may explain this unusual south-to-north stepped cline, and they also provide a useful format for understanding biogeographical patterns by island. Finally, these morphological data suggest a potentially fruitful area for future genetic studies. C1 [Katzner, Todd E.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV USA. [Collar, Nigel J.] BirdLife Int, Cambridge CB3 0NA, England. [Collar, Nigel J.] Nat Hist Museum, Tring HP23 6AP, Herts, England. RP Katzner, TE (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM todd.katzner@mail.wvu.edu NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 EI 1938-5129 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD AUG PY 2013 VL 115 IS 3 BP 576 EP 583 DI 10.1525/cond.2013.120070 PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 213TH UT WOS:000324082600014 ER PT J AU Peak, RG Thompson, FR AF Peak, Rebecca G. Thompson, Frank R., III TI AMOUNT AND TYPE OF FOREST COVER AND EDGE ARE IMPORTANT PREDICTORS OF GOLDEN-CHEEKED WARBLER DENSITY SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE abundance; density; detection probability; distance sampling; habitat variables; landscape variables; Setophaga chrysoparia ID BREEDING BIRD ABUNDANCE; NEST PREDATION; DENDROICA-CHRYSOPARIA; MIGRATORY BIRDS; FORT HOOD; HABITAT; LANDSCAPE; FRAGMENTATION; DISTANCE; SUCCESS AB Considered endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia) breeds exclusively in the juniper-oak (Juniperus ashei-Quercus spp.) woodlands of central Texas. Large-scale, spatially explicit models that predict population density as a function of habitat and landscape variables can provide important insight for its management and recovery. We used distance sampling to model detection probability and to estimate the density and abundance of singing male Golden-cheeked Warblers on Fort Hood Military Reservation. We used an information-theoretic approach to evaluate hypotheses concerning the effects of proportion of forest type and forest cover, forest-edge density, and patch size on density. We fitted generalized linear models with detection probability as an offset term to predict density as a function of the habitat and landscape variables, calculate a model-based density and abundance estimate, and map density across the area sampled. The design-based estimates were 0.39 males ha(-1) and 7557 singing males. The most supported model contained proportion of forest type and forest cover, both of which had a positive effect on density, as well as forest-edge density, which had a negative effect. The model-based estimates of 0.39 males ha(-1) and 7571 singing males were greater than estimates extrapolated from intensive territory monitoring. Knowledge of factors affecting Golden-cheeked Warbler density can be used to inform recovery efforts, and our density model can be used to assess the effects of various activities proposed for military training and of environmental disturbance on warbler densities. C1 [Peak, Rebecca G.] US Army Garrison Ft Hood, Directorate Publ Works, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Peak, RG (reprint author), US Army Garrison Ft Hood, Directorate Publ Works, 4612 Engn Dr,Room 76, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. EM rpeak1969@gmail.com FU Department of the Army; Nature Conservancy [DPW-ENV 97-A-0001, DPW-ENV 02-A-0001] FX We thank C. D. True and D. D. Diamond with the Missouri Resource Assessment Partnership for calculating habitat and landscape metrics; W. D. Dijak with the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station for statistical and GIS assistance; J. L. Reidy and W. A. Cox with the University of Missouri, M. A. Larson with Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, and three anonymous reviewers for constructive comments; M. Noble with U.S. Department of the Army for GIS assistance; and numerous seasonal field biologists for field assistance. This project was sponsored by the Department of the Army with The Nature Conservancy through cooperative agreement numbers DPW-ENV 97-A-0001 and DPW-ENV 02-A-0001. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 42 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD AUG PY 2013 VL 115 IS 3 BP 659 EP 668 DI 10.1525/cond.2013.120043 PG 10 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 213TH UT WOS:000324082600023 ER PT J AU Ramey, AM Spackman, E Yeh, JY Fujita, G Konishi, K Uchida, K Reed, JA Wicox, BR Brown, JD Stallknecht, DE AF Ramey, Andrew M. Spackman, Erica Yeh, Jung-Yong Fujita, Go Konishi, Kan Uchida, Kiyoshi Reed, John A. Wicox, Benjamin R. Brown, Justin D. Stallknecht, David E. TI Antibodies to H5 subtype avian influenza virus and Japanese encephalitis virus in northern pintails (Anas acuta) sampled in Japan SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE avian influenza virus; Japanese encephalitis virus; West Nile virus ID MIGRATORY WATER BIRDS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; WILD DUCKS; SPRING MIGRATION; SOUTH-KOREA; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; POULTRY; OUTBREAKS; DISTRICT AB Blood samples from 105 northern pintails (Anas acuta) captured on Hokkaido, Japan were tested for antibodies to avian influenza virus (AIV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and West Nile virus (WNV) to assess possible involvement of this species in the spread of economically important and potentially zoonotic pathogens. Antibodies to AIV were detected in 64 of 105 samples (61%). Of the 64 positives, 95% and 81% inhibited agglutination of two different H5 AIV antigens (H5N1 and H5N9), respectively. Antibodies to JEV and WNV were detected in five (5%) and none of the samples, respectively. Results provide evidence for prior exposure of migrating northern pintails to H5 AIV which could have implications for viral shedding and disease occurrence. Results also provide evidence for limited involvement of this species in the transmission and spread of flaviviruses during spring migration. C1 [Ramey, Andrew M.; Reed, John A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Ramey, Andrew M.; Wicox, Benjamin R.; Brown, Justin D.; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Spackman, Erica] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Yeh, Jung-Yong] Anim Plant & Fisheries Quarantine & Inspect Agcy, Anyang Si 430824, Gyeonggi Provin, South Korea. [Yeh, Jung-Yong] Univ Incheon, Div Life Sci, Coll Life Sci & Bioengn, Inchon 406772, South Korea. [Fujita, Go] Univ Tokyo, Lab Biodivers Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. [Konishi, Kan] Kutcharo Lake Waterfowl Observ, Esashi, Hokkaido 0985739, Japan. [Uchida, Kiyoshi] Inst Satoyama Nat Hist, Abiko, Chiba 2701153, Japan. RP Ramey, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM aramey@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) FX We are grateful to T. Hara and Y. Murayama for their assistance with captures and J. Pearce, T. DeGange, P. Bright, K. Briggs, and S. Gross of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for financial and administrative support. We thank J. Hupp (USGS) for providing Fig. 1. We appreciate reviews provided by J. Pearce, A. Reeves (USGS), and two anonymous reviewers. None of the authors have any financial interests or conflict of interest with this article. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU HOKKAIDO UNIV PI SAPPORO PA ED COMMITTEE JAPANESE JOURNAL VETERINARY RES, GRAD SCH VET MED, KITA 18 NISHI 9 KITAKU, SAPPORO, 060-0818, JAPAN SN 0047-1917 J9 JPN J VET RES JI Jpn. J. Vet. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 61 IS 3 BP 117 EP 123 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 218RN UT WOS:000324450200003 PM 24059097 ER PT J AU Byers, JA AF Byers, John A. TI Modeling and Regression Analysis of Semiochemical Dose-Response Curves of Insect Antennal Reception and Behavior SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Computer simulation; Kinetic functions; Non-linear regression; Electrophysiology; Electroantennogram; EAG; Pheromone trap catch; Olfactometer bioassay; Effective attraction radius ID DENDROCTONUS-BREVICOMIS COLEOPTERA; EFFECTIVE ATTRACTION RADIUS; SEX-PHEROMONE; BARK BEETLE; FLYING INSECTS; ELECTROANTENNOGRAM RESPONSES; COMPETITIVE ATTRACTION; TRICHOID SENSILLA; IPS-PARACONFUSUS; EXO-BREVICOMIN AB Dose-response curves of the effects of semiochemicals on neurophysiology and behavior are reported in many articles in insect chemical ecology. Most curves are shown in figures representing points connected by straight lines, in which the x-axis has order of magnitude increases in dosage vs. responses on the y-axis. The lack of regression curves indicates that the nature of the dose-response relationship is not well understood. Thus, a computer model was developed to simulate a flux of various numbers of pheromone molecules (10(3) to 5 x 10(6)) passing by 10(4) receptors distributed among 10(6) positions along an insect antenna. Each receptor was depolarized by at least one strike by a molecule, and subsequent strikes had no additional effect. The simulations showed that with an increase in pheromone release rate, the antennal response would increase in a convex fashion and not in a logarithmic relation as suggested previously. Non-linear regression showed that a family of kinetic formation functions fit the simulated data nearly perfectly (R (2) > 0.999). This is reasonable because olfactory receptors have proteins that bind to the pheromone molecule and are expected to exhibit enzyme kinetics. Over 90 dose-response relationships reported in the literature of electroantennographic and behavioral bioassays in the laboratory and field were analyzed by the logarithmic and kinetic formation functions. This analysis showed that in 95 % of the cases, the kinetic functions explained the relationships better than the logarithmic (mean of about 20 % better). The kinetic curves become sigmoid when graphed on a log scale on the x-axis. Dose-catch relationships in the field are similar to dose-EAR (effective attraction radius, in which a spherical radius indicates the trapping effect of a lure) and the circular EAR(c) in two dimensions used in mass trapping models. The use of kinetic formation functions for dose-response curves of attractants, and kinetic decay curves for inhibitors, will allow more accurate predictions of insect catch in monitoring and control programs. C1 USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Byers, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM john.byers@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1081 EP 1089 DI 10.1007/s10886-013-0328-6 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 214AM UT WOS:000324102300005 PM 23897111 ER PT J AU Ali, JG Campos-Herrera, R Alborn, HT Duncan, LW Stelinski, LL AF Ali, Jared G. Campos-Herrera, Raquel Alborn, Hans T. Duncan, Larry W. Stelinski, Lukasz L. TI Sending Mixed Messages: A Trophic Cascade Produced by a Belowground Herbivore-Induced Cue SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Herbivore-induced plant volatile; Entomopathogenic nematodes; Soil food webs; Belowground interactions; Real-time qPCR ID REAL-TIME PCR; INDUCED PLANT VOLATILE; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; DIAPREPES-ABBREVIATUS; CARNIVOROUS ARTHROPODS; NEMATOPHAGOUS FUNGI; POPULATION BIOLOGY; SOIL; ROOTS; DEFENSES AB Plants defend themselves against herbivores both directly (chemical toxins and physical barriers) and indirectly (attracting natural enemies of their herbivores). Previous work has shown that plant roots of citrus defend against root herbivores by releasing an herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV), pregeijerene (1,5-dimethylcyclodeca-1,5,7-triene), that attracts naturally occurring entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) to Diaprepes abbreviatus larvae when applied in the field. However, the soil community is complex and contains a diversity of interspecific relationships that modulate food web assemblages. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that other nematode types beyond EPNs, as well as, nematophagous fungi are affected by the same HIPV that attracts EPNs to herbivore-damaged roots. We employed molecular probes designed to detect and quantify nematodes from the Acrobeloides-group (free-living bacterivorous nematodes, FLBNs), some of which compete with EPNs by 'hyperparasitizing' insect cadavers, and five species of nematophagous fungi (NF), which attack and kill EPNs. In two different agricultural systems (citrus and blueberry), we detected diverse species of nematodes and fungi; however, only the behavior of FLBNs was affected in a manner similar to that reported previously for EPNs. Although detected, NF abundance was not statistically affected by the presence of the belowground HIPV. We provide the first evidence showing subterranean HIPVs behave much the same as those aboveground, attracting not only parasitoids, but also hyperparasites and other food web members. C1 [Ali, Jared G.; Campos-Herrera, Raquel; Duncan, Larry W.; Stelinski, Lukasz L.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Campos-Herrera, Raquel] CSIC, Inst Ciencias Agr, Dept Contaminac Ambiental, Madrid, Spain. [Alborn, Hans T.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Ali, JG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jga54@cornell.edu RI Campos-Herrera, Raquel/A-5299-2017; OI Campos-Herrera, Raquel/0000-0003-0852-5269; Ali, Jareg/0000-0002-5794-9554 FU USDA-CREES; HATCH from the University of Florida; USDA-NIFA-AFRI [2012-67012-19821]; European Union [FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF-252980] FX This study was supported by a USDA-CREES grant and HATCH funding to LLS from the University of Florida. The authors thank USDA-NIFA-AFRI for the fellowship awarded to JGA (2012-67012-19821) and the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union for awarding RC-H with a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship for Career Development (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IOF-252980). NR 52 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 62 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1140 EP 1147 DI 10.1007/s10886-013-0332-x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 214AM UT WOS:000324102300011 PM 23925492 ER PT J AU Pratt, PD Blackwood, S Wright, SA Purcell, M Rayamajhi, MB Giblin-Davis, RM Scheffer, SJ Tipping, PW Center, TD AF Pratt, Paul D. Blackwood, Scott Wright, Susan A. Purcell, Matthew Rayamajhi, Min B. Giblin-Davis, Robin M. Scheffer, Sonja J. Tipping, Philip W. Center, Ted D. TI The release and unsuccessful establishment of the Melaleuca biological control agent Fergusonina turneri and its mutualistic nematode Fergusobia quinquenerviae SO BIOCONTROL LA English DT Article DE Weed biological control; Post release evaluation; Spread; Melaleuca quinquenervia ID OXYOPS-VITIOSA COLEOPTERA; RETICULATE EVOLUTION; SOUTH FLORIDA; FLIES DIPTERA; MYRTACEAE; FIELD; TREE; CURCULIONIDAE; ASSOCIATIONS; INSECTS AB The Australian tree Melaleuca quinquenervia is an invasive weed in wetland systems of Florida, USA. A biological control program targeting M. quinquenervia resulted in the simultaneous release of the gall-fly Fergusonina turneri and the nematode Fergusobia quinquenerviae. Fergusonina (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) flies are gall formers that exploit plants in the Myrtaceae through a mutualistic association with nematodes in the genus Fergusobia (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae). With a limited number of founding individuals, a risk-spreading release strategy was employed in 2005 by liberating a total of 1996 adult flies across seven locations in southern Florida. However, all release efforts failed to establish a viable population at any of the sites despite variation in location. In an effort to increase founding population size and improve phenological synchrony, 1,432 individual flies and associated nematodes were released within a single M. quinquenervia stand during the early winter months of 2006-2007. The population of F. turneri and F. quinquenerviae persisted at the field site for between two and three generations and, in accordance with the ca. 2-month generation time, emergence of F generation flies peaked in March, May and July 2007. Population growth rate increased with each succeeding generation up to the F-3, after which the population went extinct. Both the F-1 and F-2 generations expanded spatially when compared to the distribution of their respective parental generations. The field population failed to spread after the F-2 generation, with F-3 generation galls found entirely within the spatial distribution of F-2 galls. The release of F. turneri and F. quinquenerviae represent the first obligate mutualism used in weed biological control. Factors contributing to the failure of these species to establish are discussed. C1 [Pratt, Paul D.; Rayamajhi, Min B.; Tipping, Philip W.; Center, Ted D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Blackwood, Scott] USDA APHIS PPQ, Des Plaines, IL 60018 USA. [Wright, Susan A.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. [Purcell, Matthew] USDA ARS, Australian Biol Control Lab, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Giblin-Davis, Robin M.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Serv, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Scheffer, Sonja J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM paul.pratt@ars.usda.gov; scott.blackwood@usda.gov; susan.wright@ars.usda.gov; matthew.purcell@csiro.au; min.rayamajhi@ars.usda.gov; giblin@ufl.edu; sonja.scheffer@ars.usda.gov; philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov; ted.center@ars.usda.gov RI Purcell, Matthew/C-2098-2008 FU South Florida Water Management District; Florida Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Invasive Plant Management; USDA Areawide Melaleuca Demonstration Program FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Bradley Brown and Jeff Makinson (CSIRO) were instrumental in collecting the biological control agents in Australia and shipping them to quarantine facilities. Gary Taylor (CSIRO) provided taxonomic confirmation of adult F. turneri. We also thank James Lollis and Deah Lieurance for assistance with colony rearing and data collection. We are indebted to Deah Lieurance, Willey Durden, Eileen Pokorny, Jorge Leidi, Kirsten Dyer, Elizabeth Mattison, and Karen Balentine for assistance with surveys at release locations. This research was supported, in part, by grants from the South Florida Water Management District, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Invasive Plant Management, and the USDA Areawide Melaleuca Demonstration Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6141 EI 1573-8248 J9 BIOCONTROL JI Biocontrol PD AUG PY 2013 VL 58 IS 4 BP 553 EP 561 DI 10.1007/s10526-013-9505-3 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 211LH UT WOS:000323908400010 ER PT J AU Griffith, SM Banowetz, GM Gady, D AF Griffith, Stephen M. Banowetz, Gary M. Gady, David TI Chemical characterization of chars developed from thermochemical treatment of Kentucky bluegrass seed screenings SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy; Feedstock; Biochar; Gasification; Chemical characterization ID PYROLYSIS CONDITIONS; BIOCHAR APPLICATION; BIOMASS CHARS; GASIFICATION; VARIABILITY; ENERGY; STRAW; SOIL; L. AB Seed mill screenings would be a considerable biofeedstock source for bioenergy and char production. Char produced from the gasification of residues resulting from cleaning of grass seed and small grains could be recycled to a cropping system as a soil amendment if chemical characterization determined that the gasification process had not produced or concentrated deleterious chemical or physical factors that might harm the environment, crop growth or yield. Previous reports have shown. that char derived from the pyrolysis of a variety of biomass feedstocks has potential to enhance soil quality by pH adjustment, mineral amendment, and improved soil porosity. The objective of this research was to characterize char produced from Kentucky bluegrass seed mill screenings (KBss) by a small-scale gasification unit, operated at temperatures between 600 and 650 degrees C, with respect to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, selected heavy metals, as well as other physical and chemical characteristics, and determine its suitability for agricultural application as a soil amendment. We utilized KBss as a model for seed and grain-cleaning residues with the understanding that chemical and physical characteristics of char produced by gasification or other cleaning residues may differ based on soil and environmental conditions under which the crops were produced. Our results support the hypothesis that KBss char could be applied in a cropping system without toxic environmental consequences and serve multiple purposes, such as; recycling critical plant macro- and micro-nutrients back to existing cropland, enhancing soil carbon sequestration, managing soil pH, and improving water holding capacity. Crop field trails need to be implemented to further test these hypotheses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Griffith, Stephen M.; Banowetz, Gary M.; Gady, David] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Griffith, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Steve.Griffith@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD AUG PY 2013 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1275 EP 1279 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.02.002 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 201LB UT WOS:000323142000001 PM 23591135 ER PT J AU Moore, MT Tyler, HL Locke, MA AF Moore, Matthew T. Tyler, Heather L. Locke, Martin A. TI Aqueous pesticide mitigation efficiency of Typha latifolia (L.), Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw., and Sparganium americanum Nutt. SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Phytoremediation; Atrazine; Diazinon; Permethrin ID CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; IRRIGATION RUNOFF; DRAINAGE DITCHES; SURFACE; TOXICITY; ATRAZINE; WATER; CALIFORNIA; VEGETATION; RIVERS AB Agricultural pesticide use is necessary to help meet the increased demand for a safe and secure food supply for the United States, as well as the global community. Even with proper application and careful management, the possibility of pesticide leaching and detachment in runoff still exists following certain storm events. Several different management practices have been designed to reduce the impacts of pesticides on aquatic receiving systems. Many such practices focus on the use of vegetation to slow runoff and allow for sorption of the various contaminants. Three common drainage ditch macrophytes, Leersia oryzoides (cutgrass), Typha latifolia (cattail), and Sparganium americanum (bur-reed) were assessed for their ability to reduce effluent loads of atrazine, diazinon, and permethrin in simulated agricultural runoff water in 379 L individual mesocosms. Of the three macrophytes examined, L oryzoides was the most effective at mitigating atrazine, and permethrin. L. oryzoides and T. latifolia significantly reduced overall atrazine loads (45 +/- 7%, p = 0.0073 and 35 +/- 8%, p = 0.0421, respectively) when compared to unvegetated controls (13 +/- 20%). No significant differences in overall diazinon load retention were noted between plant species. Each plant species significantly decreased the initial load (after 6 h) of trans-permethrin, while both L. oryzoides and T. latifolia significantly reduced the overall trans-permethrin loads (88 +/- 5%, p = 0.0022 and 88 +/- 5%, p = 0.0020, respectively) when compared to unvegetated controls (68 +/- 8%). Reversible adsorption of atrazine and diazinon to plants, noted during the flushing events, was greater than that observed in either cis- or trans-permethrin. These results demonstrate the ability of native ditch vegetation to mitigate pesticides associated with agricultural runoff. Likewise, they provide farmers and action agencies with supportive data for selection of vegetation in drainage ditches used as management practices. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moore, Matthew T.; Tyler, Heather L.; Locke, Martin A.] USDA ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD AUG PY 2013 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1307 EP 1313 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.099 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 201LB UT WOS:000323142000006 PM 23732006 ER PT J AU Qi, LL Wu, JJ Friebe, B Qian, C Gu, YQ Fu, DL Gill, BS AF Qi, L. L. Wu, J. J. Friebe, B. Qian, C. Gu, Y. Q. Fu, D. L. Gill, B. S. TI Sequence organization and evolutionary dynamics of Brachypodium-specific centromere retrotransposons SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Brachypodium distachyon; Centromere retrotransposons; Evolution ID PERICENTROMERIC HETEROCHROMATIN; CEREAL CHROMOSOMES; PLANT CENTROMERES; MAIZE CENTROMERES; REPEAT FAMILIES; RICE CENTROMERE; WHEAT; DNA; REGIONS; GENOMES AB Brachypodium distachyon is a wild annual grass belonging to the Pooideae, more closely related to wheat, barley, and forage grasses than rice and maize. As an experimental model, the completed genome sequence of B. distachyon provides a unique opportunity to study centromere evolution during the speciation of grasses. Centromeric satellite sequences have been identified in B. distachyon, but little is known about centromeric retrotransposons in this species. In the present study, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-fluorescence in situ hybridization was conducted in maize, rice, barley, wheat, and rye using B. distachyon (Bd) centromere-specific BAC clones. Eight Bd centromeric BAC clones gave no detectable fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) signals on the chromosomes of rice and maize, and three of them also did not yield any FISH signals in barley, wheat, and rye. In addition, four of five Triticeae centromeric BAC clones did not hybridize to the B. distachyon centromeres, implying certain unique features of Brachypodium centromeres. Analysis of Brachypodium centromeric BAC sequences identified a long terminal repeat (LTR)-centromere retrotransposon of B. distachyon (CRBd1). This element was found in high copy number accounting for 1.6 % of the B. distachyon genome, and is enriched in Brachypodium centromeric regions. CRBd1 accumulated in active centromeres, but was lost from inactive ones. The LTR of CRBd1 appears to be specific to B. distachyon centromeres. These results reveal different evolutionary events of this retrotransposon family across grass species. C1 [Qi, L. L.] ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Wu, J. J.; Fu, D. L.] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Agron, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Friebe, B.; Qian, C.; Gill, B. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gu, Y. Q.] ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Qi, LL (reprint author), ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM lili.qi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA grant; fund for excellent young scholar of Shandong Province of China [BS2011SW027] FX We thank Drs Zhao Liu and Gerald Seiler for critical review of the manuscript. This research was supported by a special USDA-NIFA grant to the Wheat Genetic Resources Center, Kansas State University, USA, and fund for excellent young scholar of Shandong Province of China (BS2011SW027). NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0967-3849 J9 CHROMOSOME RES JI Chromosome Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 21 IS 5 BP 507 EP 521 DI 10.1007/s10577-013-9378-4 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 213JC UT WOS:000324051600006 PM 23955173 ER PT J AU White, JW Hunt, LA Boote, KJ Jones, JW Koo, J Kim, S Porter, CH Wilkens, PW Hoogenboom, G AF White, Jeffrey W. Hunt, L. A. Boote, Kenneth J. Jones, James W. Koo, Jawoo Kim, Soonho Porter, Cheryl H. Wilkens, Paul W. Hoogenboom, Gerrit TI Integrated description of agricultural field experiments and production: a The ICASA Version 2.0 data standards SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Databases; Data management; Crop modeling; Software ID AGROECOLOGICAL RESEARCH DATA; AGRONOMIC DATA; CROP; METAANALYSIS; WHEAT; SYSTEMS; MODEL; EXCHANGE; NITROGEN; IMPACTS AB Agricultural research increasingly seeks to quantify complex interactions of processes for a wide range of environmental conditions and crop management scenarios, leading to investigation where multiple sets of experimental data are examined using tools such as simulation and regression. The use of standard data formats for documenting experiments and modeling crop growth and development can facilitate exchanges of information and software, allowing researchers to focus on research per se rather than on converting and re-formatting data or trying to estimate or otherwise compensate for missing information. The standards developed by the International Benchmark Sites Network for Agrotechnology Transfer (IBSNAT) project and subsequently revised by the International Consortium for Agricultural Systems Applications (ICASA) were of considerable value for describing experiments. However, the resulting ICASA Version 1 standards did not consider important management practices such as tillage and use of mulches, lacked descriptors for certain soil and plant traits (especially related to nutrient levels), and contained minor logical inconsistencies. The ICASA standards have evolved to allow description of additional management practices and traits of soils and plants and to provide greater emphasis on standardizing vocabularies, clarifying relations among variables, and expanding formats beyond the original plain text file format. This paper provides an overview of the ICASA Version 2.0 standards. The foundation of the standards is a master list variables that is organized in a hierarchical arrangement with major separations among descriptions of management practices or treatments, environmental conditions (soil and weather data), and measurements of crop responses. The plain text implementation is described in detail. Implementations in other digital formats (databases, spreadsheets, and data interchange formats) are also reviewed. Areas for further improvement and development are noted, particularly as related to describing pest damage, data quality and appropriate use of datasets. The master variable list and sample files are provided as electronic supplements. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [White, Jeffrey W.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Hunt, L. A.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Boote, Kenneth J.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jones, James W.; Porter, Cheryl H.] Dept Agric & Biol Eng, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Koo, Jawoo; Kim, Soonho] IFPRI, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Wilkens, Paul W.] IFDC, Muscle Shoals, AL 35662 USA. [Hoogenboom, Gerrit] Washington State Univ, AgWeatherNet, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP White, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM jeffrey.white@ars.usda.gov RI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/F-3946-2010; Koo, Jawoo/F-9397-2010; OI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/0000-0002-1555-0537; Koo, Jawoo/0000-0003-3424-9229; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 40 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 96 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2013.04.003 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 209YE UT WOS:000323795700001 ER PT J AU Baietto, M Pozzi, L Wilson, AD Bassi, D AF Baietto, Manuela Pozzi, Letizia Wilson, Alphus Dan Bassi, Daniele TI Evaluation of a portable MOS electronic nose to detect root rots in shade tree species SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Root decay; Urban forestry; Electronic aroma detection ID SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION; WOOD DECAY; SOIL; GROWTH; WATER AB The early detection of wood decays in high-value standing trees is very important in urban areas because mitigating control measures must be implemented long before tree failures result in property damage or injuries to citizens. Adverse urban environments increase physiological stresses in trees, causing greater susceptibility to attacks by pathogenic decay fungi. The detection of fungal root rots in urban trees is particularly difficult because conventional detection tools, currently used for diagnosis of wood decays, are not feasible below ground level. Portable electronic olfactory systems or electronic noses (e-noses), currently used in many different scientific fields and industries, previously have been tested for the early diagnosis of wood decay fungi and wood rots. We evaluated the accuracy and effectiveness of the portable PEN3 electronic nose to discriminate between healthy and decayed root segments of five shade trees species, artificially inoculated separately with three species of root-rot fungi and incubated in different soil types under laboratory conditions. The PEN3 e-nose discriminated between healthy and inoculated root fragments and between different decay fungi in different soil types for most host-fungus combinations, but the discrimination power of this e-nose varied depending on tree species and strain of root-rot fungus analyzed. We provide explanations for the ineffectiveness of the e-nose to detect low levels of decay for certain host-fungus combinations. The advantages of e-nose detection over conventional wood decay detection tools also are discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Baietto, Manuela; Pozzi, Letizia; Bassi, Daniele] Univ Milan, Dept Agr & Environm Sci Prod Landscape Agroenergy, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Wilson, Alphus Dan] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Southern Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Baietto, M (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Agr & Environm Sci Prod Landscape Agroenergy, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM manuela.baietto@unimi.it; letiziapozzi@fastwebnet.it; dwilson02@fs.fed.us; daniele.bassi@unimi.it RI Wilson, Alphus/Q-2137-2015 OI Wilson, Alphus/0000-0003-2352-5232 FU Comune di Milano; sett.re Arredo Urbano e Verde; Demetra Societa Cooperativa Sociale Onlus FX This research was funded by Comune di Milano, sett.re Arredo Urbano e Verde and Demetra Societa Cooperativa Sociale Onlus. The authors give special thanks to Mr. Gabriele Villa, Dr. Luigi Bonanomi and Dr. Daniele Guarino. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 96 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2013.05.002 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 209YE UT WOS:000323795700011 ER PT J AU Brown-Brandl, TM Rohrer, GA Eigenberg, RA AF Brown-Brandl, T. M. Rohrer, G. A. Eigenberg, R. A. TI Analysis of feeding behavior of group housed growing-finishing pigs SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Age; Animal density; Feeding behavior; Group housed pigs; Health; REID ID DAIRY-CATTLE; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; TECHNICAL-NOTE; SYSTEM; GENOTYPE; PATTERNS; SWINE; POULTRY; PROTEIN AB Feeding behavior and time spent eating contains valuable information that can be used for managing livestock, identifying sick animals, and determining genetic differences within a herd. Individual animal feeding behavior, in a commercial-sized pen, was recorded using radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology and a series of multiplexers. Data were collected on 960 pigs (mixed barrows, 406 and gilts, 600) over 4 grow-out periods. The animals entered the facility at 24.6 +/- 5.4 kg (mean +/- standard deviation) at approximately 65 days of age and exited the facility at 101.4 +/- 13.8 kg (between 116 and 133 days later). Time spent at the feeder was analyzed for the effects of days on feed, sex, weight gain, and health effects. The amount of time spent at the feeder averaged 68.8 min day(-1) pig(-1) over the grow-out period, and increased from the day the pigs enter the facility (24.0 +/- 1.6 min day(-1) pig(-1); mean standard error) until plateauing at approximately 40 days later (76.7 +/- 2.4 min day(-1) pig(-1); age similar to 105 days). After the plateau, barrows spent 13.6 more minutes per day at the feeder than gilts. Pigs classified as 'high gaining' (79.2 +/- 5.1 min day(-1) pig(-1)) spent more time at the feeder than pigs classified as either 'normal' (72.6 +/- 2.6 min day(-1) pig(-1)) or 'low gaining' (67.6 +/- 5.3 min day(-1) pig(-1)). This initial manuscript demonstrates the potential of utilizing feeding behavior or time spent eating as a method of managing animals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brown-Brandl, T. M.; Rohrer, G. A.; Eigenberg, R. A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Brown-Brandl, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM tami.brownbrandl@ars.usda.gov; gary.r-ohrer@ars.usda.gov; roger.eigenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 96 BP 246 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2013.06.002 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 209YE UT WOS:000323795700023 ER PT J AU Corona, M Libbrecht, R Wurm, Y Riba-Grognuz, O Studer, RA Keller, L AF Corona, Miguel Libbrecht, Romain Wurm, Yannick Riba-Grognuz, Oksana Studer, Romain A. Keller, Laurent TI Vitellogenin Underwent Subfunctionalization to Acquire Caste and Behavioral Specific Expression in the Harvester Ant Pogonomyrmex barbatus SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID COLONY-LEVEL SELECTION; DIVISION-OF-LABOR; APIS-MELLIFERA L.; HONEY-BEE; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; DRAFT GENOME; GENE AB The reproductive ground plan hypothesis (RGPH) proposes that the physiological pathways regulating reproduction were co-opted to regulate worker division of labor. Support for this hypothesis in honeybees is provided by studies demonstrating that the reproductive potential of workers, assessed by the levels of vitellogenin (Vg), is linked to task performance. Interestingly, contrary to honeybees that have a single Vg ortholog and potentially fertile nurses, the genome of the harvester ant Pogonomyrmex barbatus harbors two Vg genes (Pb_Vg1 and Pb_Vg2) and nurses produce infertile trophic eggs. P. barbatus, thus, provides a unique model to investigate whether Vg duplication in ants was followed by subfunctionalization to acquire reproductive and non-reproductive functions and whether Vg reproductive function was co-opted to regulate behavior in sterile workers. To investigate these questions, we compared the expression patterns of P. barbatus Vg genes and analyzed the phylogenetic relationships and molecular evolution of Vg genes in ants. qRT-PCRs revealed that Pb_Vg1 is more highly expressed in queens compared to workers and in nurses compared to foragers. By contrast, the level of expression of Pb_Vg2 was higher in foragers than in nurses and queens. Phylogenetic analyses show that a first duplication of the ancestral Vg gene occurred after the divergence between the poneroid and formicoid clades and subsequent duplications occurred in the lineages leading to Solenopsis invicta, Linepithema humile and Acromyrmex echinatior. The initial duplication resulted in two Vg gene subfamilies preferentially expressed in queens and nurses (subfamily A) or in foraging workers (subfamily B). Finally, molecular evolution analyses show that the subfamily A experienced positive selection, while the subfamily B showed overall relaxation of purifying selection. Our results suggest that in P. barbatus the Vg gene underwent subfunctionalization after duplication to acquire caste-and behavior-specific expression associated with reproductive and non-reproductive functions, supporting the validity of the RGPH in ants. C1 [Corona, Miguel; Libbrecht, Romain; Wurm, Yannick; Riba-Grognuz, Oksana; Keller, Laurent] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Corona, Miguel] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Libbrecht, Romain] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Insect Social Evolut, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Wurm, Yannick] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England. [Studer, Romain A.] UCL, Inst Struct & Mol Biol, Div Biosci, London, England. RP Corona, M (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lausanne, Switzerland. EM Miguel.Corona@ars.usda.gov RI Wurm, Yannick/A-9525-2009; OI Wurm, Yannick/0000-0002-3140-2809; Studer, Romain A/0000-0003-0687-9848; keller, laurent/0000-0002-5046-9953 FU EU funded Network of Excellence "LifeSpan'', BBSRC [BB/K004204/1]; ERC; Swiss NSF; Marie Curie fellowship FX This research was supported by EU funded Network of Excellence "LifeSpan'', BBSRC BB/K004204/1 and an ERC grant to LK, Swiss NSF grant to RAS and a Marie Curie fellowship to RL. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 42 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7390 EI 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 IS 8 AR e1003730 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003730 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 210KB UT WOS:000323830300072 PM 23966882 ER PT J AU Manfredini, F Riba-Grognuz, O Wurm, Y Keller, L Shoemaker, D Grozinger, CM AF Manfredini, Fabio Riba-Grognuz, Oksana Wurm, Yannick Keller, Laurent Shoemaker, DeWayne Grozinger, Christina M. TI Sociogenomics of Cooperation and Conflict during Colony Founding in the Fire Ant Solenopsis invicta SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DIVISION-OF-LABOR; WASP POLISTES-DOMINULUS; BRAIN GENE-EXPRESSION; HONEY-BEE LONGEVITY; APIS-MELLIFERA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; LIFE-SPAN; JUVENILE-HORMONE; SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; FOUNDRESS ASSOCIATIONS AB One of the fundamental questions in biology is how cooperative and altruistic behaviors evolved. The majority of studies seeking to identify the genes regulating these behaviors have been performed in systems where behavioral and physiological differences are relatively fixed, such as in the honey bee. During colony founding in the monogyne (one queen per colony) social form of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, newly-mated queens may start new colonies either individually (haplometrosis) or in groups (pleometrosis). However, only one queen (the "winner") in pleometrotic associations survives and takes the lead of the young colony while the others (the "losers") are executed. Thus, colony founding in fire ants provides an excellent system in which to examine the genes underpinning cooperative behavior and how the social environment shapes the expression of these genes. We developed a new whole genome microarray platform for S. invicta to characterize the gene expression patterns associated with colony founding behavior. First, we compared haplometrotic queens, pleometrotic winners and pleometrotic losers. Second, we manipulated pleometrotic couples in order to switch or maintain the social ranks of the two cofoundresses. Haplometrotic and pleometrotic queens differed in the expression of genes involved in stress response, aging, immunity, reproduction and lipid biosynthesis. Smaller sets of genes were differentially expressed between winners and losers. In the second experiment, switching social rank had a much greater impact on gene expression patterns than the initial/final rank. Expression differences for several candidate genes involved in key biological processes were confirmed using qRT-PCR. Our findings indicate that, in S. invicta, social environment plays a major role in the determination of the patterns of gene expression, while the queen's physiological state is secondary. These results highlight the powerful influence of social environment on regulation of the genomic state, physiology and ultimately, social behavior of animals. C1 [Manfredini, Fabio; Grozinger, Christina M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Pollinator Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Manfredini, Fabio; Grozinger, Christina M.] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Riba-Grognuz, Oksana; Wurm, Yannick; Keller, Laurent] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Shoemaker, DeWayne] USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Manfredini, F (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Pollinator Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM fmanfredini79@gmail.com RI Wurm, Yannick/A-9525-2009; OI Wurm, Yannick/0000-0002-3140-2809; keller, laurent/0000-0002-5046-9953 FU US Department of Agriculture AFRI Award [2009-35302-05301] FX This study was funded by US Department of Agriculture AFRI Award 2009-35302-05301 to DS and CMG. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 91 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 59 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 IS 8 AR e1003633 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003633 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 210KB UT WOS:000323830300009 PM 23950725 ER PT J AU Moore, GG Elliott, JL Singh, R Horn, BW Dorner, JW Stone, EA Chulze, SN Barros, GG Naik, MK Wright, GC Hell, K Carbone, I AF Moore, Geromy G. Elliott, Jacalyn L. Singh, Rakhi Horn, Bruce W. Dorner, Joe W. Stone, Eric A. Chulze, Sofia N. Barros, German G. Naik, Manjunath K. Wright, Graeme C. Hell, Kerstin Carbone, Ignazio TI Sexuality Generates Diversity in the Aflatoxin Gene Cluster: Evidence on a Global Scale SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; RECOMBINATION RATE; PARASEXUAL CYCLE; UNITED-STATES; A-TAMARII; PARASITICUS; BIOSYNTHESIS; SOIL; CONTAMINATION AB Aflatoxins are produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus in oil-rich seed and grain crops and are a serious problem in agriculture, with aflatoxin B-1 being the most carcinogenic natural compound known. Sexual reproduction in these species occurs between individuals belonging to different vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). We examined natural genetic variation in 758 isolates of A. flavus, A. parasiticus and A. minisclerotigenes sampled from single peanut fields in the United States (Georgia), Africa (Benin), Argentina (Cordoba), Australia (Queensland) and India (Karnataka). Analysis of DNA sequence variation across multiple intergenic regions in the aflatoxin gene clusters of A. flavus, A. parasiticus and A. minisclerotigenes revealed significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) organized into distinct blocks that are conserved across different localities, suggesting that genetic recombination is nonrandom and a global occurrence. To assess the contributions of asexual and sexual reproduction to fixation and maintenance of toxin chemotype diversity in populations from each locality/species, we tested the null hypothesis of an equal number of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 mating-type individuals, which is indicative of a sexually recombining population. All samples were clone-corrected using multi-locus sequence typing which associates closely with VCG. For both A. flavus and A. parasiticus, when the proportions of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 were significantly different, there was more extensive LD in the aflatoxin cluster and populations were fixed for specific toxin chemotype classes, either the non-aflatoxigenic class in A. flavus or the B-1-dominant and G(1)-dominant classes in A. parasiticus. A mating type ratio close to 1: 1 in A. flavus, A. parasiticus and A. minisclerotigenes was associated with higher recombination rates in the aflatoxin cluster and less pronounced chemotype differences in populations. This work shows that the reproductive nature of the population (more sexual versus more asexual) is predictive of aflatoxin chemotype diversity in these agriculturally important fungi. C1 [Moore, Geromy G.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Elliott, Jacalyn L.; Singh, Rakhi; Carbone, Ignazio] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Horn, Bruce W.; Dorner, Joe W.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. [Stone, Eric A.; Carbone, Ignazio] N Carolina State Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stone, Eric A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Genet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Chulze, Sofia N.; Barros, German G.] Univ Nacl Rio Cuarto, Dept Microbiol & Inmunol, Cordoba, Argentina. [Wright, Graeme C.] Dept Primary Ind, Kingaroy, Qld, Australia. [Hell, Kerstin] Int Inst Trop Agr, Cotonou, Benin. RP Moore, GG (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. EM ignazio_carbone@ncsu.edu RI Stone, Eric/Q-7840-2016 FU North Carolina Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-34500-17032, 2008-34500-19396]; National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2005-35319-16126] FX This work was funded by the North Carolina Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, grant nos. 2006-34500-17032, 2008-34500-19396, and by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, grant no. 2005-35319-16126 to IC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 IS 8 AR e1003574 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003574 PG 12 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 211EQ UT WOS:000323888200063 PM 24009506 ER PT J AU Toth, DJA Gundlapalli, AV Schell, WA Bulmahn, K Walton, TE Woods, CW Coghill, C Gallegos, F Samore, MH Adler, FR AF Toth, Damon J. A. Gundlapalli, Adi V. Schell, Wiley A. Bulmahn, Kenneth Walton, Thomas E. Woods, Christopher W. Coghill, Catherine Gallegos, Frank Samore, Matthew H. Adler, Frederick R. TI Quantitative Models of the Dose-Response and Time Course of Inhalational Anthrax in Humans SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; INCUBATION PERIOD; RISK; PROPHYLAXIS; OUTBREAK; BIOTERRORISM; INFECTION; PATHOLOGY; SPORES; ATTACK AB Anthrax poses a community health risk due to accidental or intentional aerosol release. Reliable quantitative dose-response analyses are required to estimate the magnitude and timeline of potential consequences and the effect of public health intervention strategies under specific scenarios. Analyses of available data from exposures and infections of humans and non-human primates are often contradictory. We review existing quantitative inhalational anthrax dose-response models in light of criteria we propose for a model to be useful and defensible. To satisfy these criteria, we extend an existing mechanistic competing-risks model to create a novel Exposure-Infection-Symptomatic illness-Death (EISD) model and use experimental non-human primate data and human epidemiological data to optimize parameter values. The best fit to these data leads to estimates of a dose leading to infection in 50% of susceptible humans (ID50) of 11,000 spores (95% confidence interval 7,200-17,000), ID10 of 1,700 (1,100-2,600), and ID1 of 160 (100-250). These estimates suggest that use of a threshold to human infection of 600 spores (as suggested in the literature) underestimates the infectivity of low doses, while an existing estimate of a 1% infection rate for a single spore overestimates low dose infectivity. We estimate the median time from exposure to onset of symptoms (incubation period) among untreated cases to be 9.9 days (7.7-13.1) for exposure to ID50, 11.8 days (9.5-15.0) for ID10, and 12.1 days (9.9-15.3) for ID1. Our model is the first to provide incubation period estimates that are independently consistent with data from the largest known human outbreak. This model refines previous estimates of the distribution of early onset cases after a release and provides support for the recommended 60-day course of prophylactic antibiotic treatment for individuals exposed to low doses. C1 [Toth, Damon J. A.; Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Samore, Matthew H.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Toth, Damon J. A.; Adler, Frederick R.] Univ Utah, Dept Math, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Toth, Damon J. A.; Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Samore, Matthew H.] VA Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Gundlapalli, Adi V.] Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Samore, Matthew H.] Univ Utah, Dept Biomed Informat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Schell, Wiley A.; Woods, Christopher W.] Duke Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC USA. [Walton, Thomas E.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Adler, Frederick R.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Toth, DJA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM Damon.Toth@hsc.utah.edu; Adi.Gundlapalli@hsc.utah.edu FU Tetra Tech, Inc. [17668]; NIH Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research [1 U54 A1065357]; Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research and Development Service [HIR 10-002] FX Funding and resources for this project were provided in part by a contract with Tetra Tech, Inc., (# 17668 to the Western Institute of Biomedical Research), NIH Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research (Grant 1 U54 A1065357), and Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research and Development Service (Grant HIR 10-002, ProWATCH: Sentinel Event Surveillance). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 IS 8 AR e1003555 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003555 PG 18 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 211EQ UT WOS:000323888200045 PM 24058320 ER PT J AU Van der Westhuizen, L Shephard, GS Gelderblom, WCA Torres, O Riley, RT AF Van der Westhuizen, L. Shephard, G. S. Gelderblom, W. C. A. Torres, O. Riley, R. T. TI Fumonisin biomarkers in maize eaters and implications for human disease SO WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE multi-biomarkers of exposure; mycotoxin; toxicokinetics; urinary fumonisin B-1 ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; SOUTH-AFRICA; SPHINGANINE/SPHINGOSINE RATIO; SPHINGOLIPID METABOLISM; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; CONTAMINATED MAIZE; MYCOTOXIN ANALYSIS; ESOPHAGEAL CANCER; DIETARY EXPOSURE AB Maize is the predominant food source contaminated by fumonisins and this has particular health risks for communities consuming maize as a staple diet. The main biochemical effect of fumonisins is the inhibition of ceramide biosynthesis causing an increase in sphingoid bases and sphingoid base 1-phosphates and a depletion of the complex sphingolipids, thereby disrupting lipid metabolism and sphingolipid-mediated processes and signalling systems. Attempts to use the elevation of sphinganine as a human biomarker of fumonisin exposure have to date been unsuccessful. Consequently, recent research has focussed on developing a urinary exposure biomarker based on the measurement of the non-metabolised toxin. In animals, fumonisins are poorly absorbed in the gut and are mostly excreted unmetabolised in faeces, with only a small percentage (0.25-2.0%) in urine. This appears to also be true in humans were fumonisin B-1 (FB1) is detectable in urine soon after exposure, but in very small amounts relative to total intake. However, with modern sensitive and selective analytical methods such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, these low levels can be readily determined. The first study to show a positive correlation between consumption of maize and urinary FBI was conducted in a Mexican population consuming tortillas as a staple food. Further validation of this relationship was achieved in a South African subsistence farming community with a positive correlation between urinary FB1 and fumonisin exposure, as assessed by food analysis and food intake data. The most recent developments are aimed at measuring multiple mycotoxin biomarkers in urine, including FB1. Current exposure studies in Guatemala are combining the urinary biomarker with measurement of sphinganine-1-phosphate in blood spots as a measure of biochemical effect. Thus, the urinary FB1 biomarker could contribute considerably in assessing the adverse health impact of fumonisin exposure. C1 [Van der Westhuizen, L.; Shephard, G. S.; Gelderblom, W. C. A.] S African MRC, PROMEC Unit, ZA-7505 Tygerberg, South Africa. [Gelderblom, W. C. A.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Biochem, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Torres, O.] Ctr Invest Nutr & Salud, Lab Diagnost Mol, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. [Riley, R. T.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, RB Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Van der Westhuizen, L (reprint author), S African MRC, PROMEC Unit, POB 19070, ZA-7505 Tygerberg, South Africa. EM liana.van.der.westhuizen@mrc.ac.za RI van der Westhuizen, Liana/B-9037-2011; OI van der Westhuizen, Liana/0000-0003-2846-5152; Shephard, Gordon Seymour/0000-0002-1267-9036 NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 30 PU WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI WAGENINGEN PA PO BOX 220, WAGENINGEN, 6700 AE, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-0710 EI 1875-0796 J9 WORLD MYCOTOXIN J JI World Mycotoxin J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 6 IS 3 BP 223 EP 232 DI 10.3920/WMJ2013.1589 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology; Toxicology GA 209YN UT WOS:000323796600003 ER PT J AU Lessard, SJ Rivas, DA Alves-Wagner, AB Hirshman, MF Gallagher, IJ Constantin-Teodosiu, D Atkins, R Greenhaff, PL Qi, NR Gustafsson, T Fielding, RA Timmons, JA Britton, SL Koch, LG Goodyear, LJ AF Lessard, Sarah J. Rivas, Donato A. Alves-Wagner, Ana B. Hirshman, Michael F. Gallagher, Iain J. Constantin-Teodosiu, Dumitru Atkins, Ryan Greenhaff, Paul L. Qi, Nathan R. Gustafsson, Thomas Fielding, Roger A. Timmons, James A. Britton, Steven L. Koch, Lauren G. Goodyear, Laurie J. TI Resistance to Aerobic Exercise Training Causes Metabolic Dysfunction and Reveals Novel Exercise-Regulated Signaling Networks SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; PROTEIN-KINASE-II; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; CAPACITY; RISK AB Low aerobic exercise capacity is a risk factor for diabetes and a strong predictor of mortality, yet some individuals are "exercise-resistant" and unable to improve exercise capacity through exercise training. To test the hypothesis that resistance to aerobic exercise training underlies metabolic disease risk, we used selective breeding for 15 generations to develop rat models of low and high aerobic response to training. Before exercise training, rats selected as low and high responders had similar exercise capacities. However, after 8 weeks of treadmill training, low responders failed to improve their exercise capacity, whereas high responders improved by 54%. Remarkably, low responders to aerobic training exhibited pronounced metabolic dysfunction characterized by insulin resistance and increased adiposity, demonstrating that the exercise-resistant phenotype segregates with disease risk. Low responders had impaired exercise-induced angiogenesis in muscle; however, mitochondrial capacity was intact and increased normally with exercise training, demonstrating that mitochondria are not limiting for aerobic adaptation or responsible for metabolic dysfunction in low responders. Low responders had increased stress/inflammatory signaling and altered transforming growth factor-8 signaling, characterized by hyperphosphorylation of a novel exercise-regulated phosphorylation site on SMAD2. Using this powerful biological model system, we have discovered key pathways for low exercise training response that may represent novel targets for the treatment of metabolic disease. Diabetes 62:2717-2727, 2013 C1 [Lessard, Sarah J.; Alves-Wagner, Ana B.; Hirshman, Michael F.; Goodyear, Laurie J.] Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rivas, Donato A.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gallagher, Iain J.] Univ Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Constantin-Teodosiu, Dumitru; Atkins, Ryan; Greenhaff, Paul L.] Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Qi, Nathan R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gustafsson, Thomas; Timmons, James A.] Karolinska Inst, Huddinge, Sweden. [Timmons, James A.] Univ Loughborough, Loughborough, Leics, England. [Britton, Steven L.; Koch, Lauren G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Anesthesiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Goodyear, LJ (reprint author), Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM laurie.goodyear@joslin.harvard.edu RI Alves Wagner, Ana Barbara/E-4556-2013; Timmons, James/J-4698-2014; OI Alves Wagner, Ana Barbara/0000-0002-3070-9454; Timmons, James/0000-0002-2255-1220; Gustafsson, Thomas/0000-0002-1559-4206; Rivas, Donato/0000-0002-4500-6233 FU National Institutes of Health [RO1AR042238, DK068626, RO1 DK077200]; Diabetes Research Center [5P30 DK 36836, DK089503]; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center [NIH5P60 DK20572-P/FS]; National Center for Research Resources [R24 RR017718]; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD grant from the National Institutes of Health [ROD012098A]; FP7 EU grant; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; United States Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; American Physiological Society (Physiological Genomics); Canadian Diabetes Association FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants RO1AR042238 and DK068626 (L.J.G.) and by Diabetes Research Center 5P30 DK 36836 (Joslin Diabetes Center) and DK089503 (University of Michigan). The HRT and LRT rat models are supported by the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center (NIH5P60 DK20572-P/FS; L.G.K.), National Center for Research Resources (R24 RR017718; L.G.K. and S.L.B.), and current support by Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD grant (ROD012098A) from the National Institutes of Health (L.G.K. and S.L.B.). This work also was supported by FP7 EU grant (J.A.T., T.G., and P.L.G.; METAPREDICT) and a grant from the Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden (T.G.).; S.L.B. was supported by National Institutes of Health grant RO1 DK077200. R.A.F. is supported by the United States Department of Agriculture under agreement 58-1950-0-014. D.A.R. is supported by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679). S.J.L. is supported by postdoctoral fellowships from the American Physiological Society (Physiological Genomics) and the Canadian Diabetes Association. NR 58 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD AUG PY 2013 VL 62 IS 8 BP 2717 EP 2727 DI 10.2337/db13-0062 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 191RU UT WOS:000322431100017 PM 23610057 ER PT J AU Li, G Kohorst, JJ Zhang, WJ Laritsky, E Kunde-Ramamoorthy, G Baker, MS Fiorotto, ML Waterland, RA AF Li, Ge Kohorst, John J. Zhang, Wenjuan Laritsky, Eleonora Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan Baker, Maria S. Fiorotto, Marta L. Waterland, Robert A. TI Early Postnatal Nutrition Determines Adult Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure in Female Mice SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-FAT DIET; GENE-EXPRESSION; DNA METHYLATION; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; WEIGHT-GAIN; OBESITY; RATS; LEPTIN; NEURONS; DISEASE AB Decades of research in rodent models has shown that early postnatal overnutrition induces excess adiposity and other components of metabolic syndrome that persist into adulthood. The specific biologic mechanisms explaining the persistence of these effects, however, remain unknown. On postnatal day 1 (P1), mice were fostered in control (C) or small litters (SL). SL mice had increased body weight and adiposity at weaning (P21), which persisted to adulthood (P180). Detailed metabolic studies indicated that female adult SL mice have decreased physical activity and energy expenditure but not increased food intake. Genome-scale DNA methylation profiling identified extensive changes in hypothalamic DNA methylation during the suckling period, suggesting that it is a critical period for developmental epigenetics in the mouse hypothalamus. Indeed, SL mice exhibited subtle and sex-specific changes in hypothalamic DNA methylation that persisted from early life to adulthood, providing a potential mechanistic basis for the sustained physiological effects. Expression profiling in adult hypothalamus likewise provided evidence of widespread sex-specific alterations in gene expression. Together, our data indicate that early postnatal overnutridon leads to a reduction in spontaneous physical activity and energy expenditure in females and suggest that early postnatal life is a critical period during which nutrition can affect hypothalamic developmental epigenetics. Diabetes 62:2773-2783, 2013 C1 [Li, Ge; Kohorst, John J.; Zhang, Wenjuan; Laritsky, Eleonora; Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Govindarajan; Baker, Maria S.; Fiorotto, Marta L.; Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Serv Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Waterland, RA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Serv Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM waterland@bcm.edu OI Li, Ge/0000-0002-6575-8969 FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [1R01DK081557]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [CRIS 6250-51000-055]; USDA ARS FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1R01DK081557) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) (CRIS 6250-51000-055) (to R.A.W.). Body composition and CLAMS studied were performed in the Mouse Metabolic Research Unit at the USDA/Agricultural Research Service (ABS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, which is supported by funds from the USDA ARS. NR 60 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD AUG PY 2013 VL 62 IS 8 BP 2773 EP 2783 DI 10.2337/db12-1306 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 191RU UT WOS:000322431100024 PM 23545705 ER PT J AU Green, BT Lee, ST Welch, KD Pfister, JA Panter, KE AF Green, Benedict T. Lee, Stephen T. Welch, Kevin D. Pfister, James A. Panter, Kip E. TI Piperidine, pyridine alkaloid inhibition of fetal movement in a day 40 pregnant goat model SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Piperidine alkaloids; Pyridine alkaloids; Fetal movement ID NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; PENA-SHOKEIR PHENOTYPE; ALPHA-CONOTOXIN EI; BINDING; MYOSMINE; LOBELINE; CONIINE; AGONISTS; RATS; DESENSITIZATION AB Inhibition of fetal movement is one mechanism behind the development of multiple congenital contracture-type defects in developing fetuses of humans and animals. We tested the alkaloids anabasine, lobeline, and myosmine for agonist actions, and sensitivity to alpha conotoxins El and GI blockade at fetal muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) expressed by TE-671 cells. We also determined if the alkaloids decreased fetal movement in an IV dosed, day 40 pregnant goat model. In TE-671 cells, all three alkaloids elicited concentration-dependent changes in membrane potential sensing dye fluorescence. 1.0 mu M alpha conotoxin GI shifted the concentration-effect curves of anabasine and myosmine to the right, and decreased maximal responses. Neither of the conotoxins blocked the actions of lobeline in TE-671 cells. In the day 40 pregnant goats, 0.8 mg/kg anabasine abolished fetal movement at 30 and 60 min after dosing and fetal movement was reduced by lobeline and myosmine. The blockade of anabasine and myosmine actions in TE-671 cells by alpha conotoxin GI indicates that they are agonists at fetal muscle-type nAChR. All three alkaloids did significantly decrease fetal movement in the day 40 pregnant goat model suggesting a potential for these alkaloids to cause multiple congenital contracture-type defects in developing fetuses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Green, Benedict T.; Lee, Stephen T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Pfister, James A.; Panter, Kip E.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Green, BT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM Ben.Green@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, Agricultural Research Service FX The authors thank Clint Stonecipher, Isabelle McCollum, Terrie Wierenga, and Rex Probst for technical assistance. Research supported by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service and mention of trade names or-commercial products in this publication is solely for providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 58 BP 8 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.009 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 187EG UT WOS:000322099100002 PM 23603380 ER PT J AU Hoffman, CM Morgan, P Mell, W Parsons, R Strand, E Cook, S AF Hoffman, Chad M. Morgan, Penelope Mell, William Parsons, Russell Strand, Eva Cook, Steve TI Surface Fire Intensity Influences Simulated Crown Fire Behavior in Lodgepole Pine Forests with Recent Mountain Pine Beetle-Caused Tree Mortality SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fire hazard; computational fluid dynamics; spatial heterogeneity ID OUTBREAKS CHANGE; WILDFIRE; COLORADO; FUELS; DISTURBANCES; PROBABILITY; MANAGEMENT; SPREAD AB Recent bark beetle outbreaks have had a significant impact on forests throughout western North America and have generated concerns about interactions and feedbacks between beetle attacks and fire. However, research has been hindered by a lack of experimental studies and the use of fire behavior models incapable of accounting for the heterogeneous fuel complexes. We populated the Wild land-Urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator with data from 11 field sites to investigate the effect of mountain pine beetle (MPB)-caused tree mortality on simulated crown fire behavior across a range of surface fire intensities. Simulations addressed fire behavior during a 1- to 2-year period after the initiation of the outbreak in which some proportion of the trees have been killed but no foliage has yet fallen. The effect of MPB-caused tree mortality on simulated crown fire behavior significantly changed as a function of surface fire intensity. The largest effects of mortality on crown fire behavior occurred at moderate levels of surface fire intensity, whereas diminished effects occurred at low and high levels of surface fire intensities. Our results suggest that increased crown fire potential immediately after bark beetle infestations is dependent on the fire intensity generated by the preoutbreak surface fuels complex. C1 [Hoffman, Chad M.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Morgan, Penelope; Strand, Eva] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Wildland Fire Program, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Mell, William] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Parsons, Russell] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Cook, Steve] Univ Idaho, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Plant Soils & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Hoffman, CM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM c.hoffman@colostate.edu OI Hoffman, Chad/0000-0001-8715-937X FU Forest Health Protection Special Technology Development, USDA Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture FX This research was supported in part by funds provided by Forest Health Protection Special Technology Development, USDA Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture. We appreciate the assistance of Erin Berryman and Harold Osborne in collecting all field data and Helen Maffei, Eric Pfeiffer, and the rest of the staff at the Deschutes and Salmon-Challis National Forests for help in identifying field locations and thank three reviewers and the associate editor for comments that helped improve this manuscript. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 39 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 59 IS 4 BP 390 EP 399 DI 10.5849/forsci.11-114 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 206OE UT WOS:000323531200002 ER PT J AU Yaussy, DA Iverson, LR Matthews, SN AF Yaussy, Daniel A. Iverson, Louis R. Matthews, Stephen N. TI Competition and Climate Affects US Hardwood-Forest Tree Mortality SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE climate change; survival analysis; general circulation models; hazard rate ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BIODIVERSITY CHANGE; MODELING MORTALITY; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; OZARK HIGHLANDS; MISSOURI OZARKS; SUGAR MAPLE; GROWTH; RESPONSES; DROUGHT AB Individual-tree measurements have been collected periodically on sites established in Kentucky, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania to investigate the effects of thinning on the growth and yield of valuable hardwood species. These plots were installed between 1959 and 1985. The long-term characteristics of this data set of 47,853 trees allowed us to investigate potential climatic effects on the mortality of individual trees. Stand and tree measures of competition, monthly and annual temperatures, and precipitation were statistically assessed against mortality through proportional hazards survival analysis for 21 species groups. Competitive factors entered the models more consistently than climatic factors. However, some of the climate factors were of higher importance than some of the competitive factors. The models produced were then run using future climate predictions from conservative and extreme general circulation model scenarios to estimate possible future hazard rates of mortality. These rates varied greatly based on species group and future climate scenario because of the highly variable climate. The high variability of future climate projections make it difficult to estimate changes in future risks of tree mortality because of climate change. However, the study reiterates that managing for more resilient forests by reducing competitive stress will help mitigate the effects of climatic stress as well as many other stresses such as those caused by insects and pathogens. C1 [Yaussy, Daniel A.; Iverson, Louis R.] USDA, Forest Serv, Delaware, OH USA. [Matthews, Stephen N.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Yaussy, DA (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Delaware, OH USA. EM dyaussy@fs.fed.us; liverson@fs.fed.us; matthews.204@osu.edu RI Matthews, Stephen/D-1050-2012; Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009; OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X; Yaussy, Daniel/0000-0003-1127-7809 NR 72 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 60 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 59 IS 4 BP 416 EP 430 DI 10.5849/forsci.11-047 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 206OE UT WOS:000323531200005 ER PT J AU Cullen, KW Thompson, D Boushey, C Konzelmann, K Chen, TA AF Cullen, Karen Weber Thompson, Debbe Boushey, Carol Konzelmann, Karen Chen, Tzu-An TI Evaluation of a web-based program promoting healthy eating and physical activity for adolescents: Teen Choice: Food and Fitness SO HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DIETARY SELF-REPORT; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; SOCIAL DESIRABILITY; OUTCOME EVALUATION; ACTIVITY INTERVENTION; OBESITY PREVENTION; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; BEHAVIOR-CHANGE; GIRLS AB This randomized clinical trial tested the impact of a website promoting nutrition and physical activity for adolescents (Teen Choice: Food and Fitness). Participants, (408) 12- to 17-year-old adolescents in the Houston area, completed online surveys measuring diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet/physical activity mediators at baseline. After randomization, they were asked to log onto either the intervention or the control condition website weekly for 8 weeks to review web content and set goals to improve dietary and physical activity behaviors. Post-test occurred after 8 weeks. Logistic regression analyses and one-way analyses of covariance were used in the analyses. At post, more intervention group adolescents reported eating three or more daily vegetable servings in the past week compared with the control group (P < 0.05); both groups reported significant increases in physical activity (P < 0.001) and significant decreases in TV watching (P < 0.01). Average log on rate was 75% over the 8 weeks; there was no difference by condition. The website enabled adolescents to improve vegetable intake and daily physical activity, reduce sedentary behavior and had a high log on rate. Future research should identify effective methods for disseminating this website to wider audiences. C1 [Cullen, Karen Weber; Thompson, Debbe; Chen, Tzu-An] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Boushey, Carol] Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Program Epidemiol, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. RP Cullen, KW (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kcullen@bcm.edu NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 39 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1153 J9 HEALTH EDUC RES JI Health Educ. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 28 IS 4 BP 704 EP 714 DI 10.1093/her/cyt059 PG 11 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 182CN UT WOS:000321718200013 PM 23748162 ER PT J AU Miller, G Khalilian, A Adelberg, JW Farahani, HJ Hassell, RL Wells, CE AF Miller, Gilbert Khalilian, Ahmad Adelberg, Jeffrey W. Farahani, Hamid J. Hassell, Richard L. Wells, Christina E. TI Grafted Watermelon Root Length Density and Distribution under Different Soil Moisture Treatments SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MINERAL-NUTRITION; DRIP IRRIGATION; YIELD; ROOTSTOCK; PLANTS; VEGETABLES AB Delineating the depth and extent of the watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum. & Nak.] root zone assists with proper irrigation management and minimizes nutrient leaching. The objective of this 3-year field study was to measure root distribution and root length density of watermelon (cv. Wrigley) grafted on two different rootstocks (Lagenaria siceraria cv. 'FR Strong' and Cucurbita moschata x Cucurbita maxima cv. Chilsung Shintoza) and grown under three soil moisture treatments. Irrigation treatments tested were: no irrigation (NI), briefly irrigated for fertigation and early-season plant establishment; minimally irrigated (MI), irrigated when soil moisture in top 0.30 m of soil fell below 50% available water capacity (AWC); well irrigated (WI), irrigated when soil moisture in top 0.30 m of soil fell below 15% (AWC). Root length density (RLD) was measured from 75-cm-deep soil cores at two locations three times per growing season and a third location at the end of the season. Cores 1 and 2 sample locations were 15 cm to the side of each plant: Core 1 on the same side as the drip tape and Core 2 on the opposite side. At the end of the season, Core 3 was taken 15 cm outside of the bed in bare ground. RLD was significantly greater in the 0- to 30-cm soil depth and dropped dramatically below 30 cm; it was not significantly affected by irrigation treatment or rootstock. Core 1, next to the drip tape, had greater RLD than Core 2, 30 cm from drip tape, but only at the later sampling dates. Roots were found in Core 3 at all depths, but the RLD was significantly less than that measured in Cores 1 and 2. These findings suggest that the effective root zone depth for watermelon is 0 to 30 cm and that the particular scion/rootstock combinations tested in this study do not differ in root system size or location. C1 [Miller, Gilbert] Clemson Univ, Edisto Res & Educ Ctr, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. [Khalilian, Ahmad] Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. [Adelberg, Jeffrey W.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Farahani, Hamid J.] USDA, NRCS East Natl Technol Support Ctr, Greensboro, NC 27401 USA. [Hassell, Richard L.] Coastal REC, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Wells, Christina E.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Miller, G (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Edisto Res & Educ Ctr, 64 Res Rd, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. EM gmllr@clemson.edu NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD AUG PY 2013 VL 48 IS 8 BP 1021 EP 1026 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 208PA UT WOS:000323690400013 ER PT J AU Crosby, KM Fery, RL Leskovar, DI Butcher, J AF Crosby, Kevin M. Fery, Richard L. Leskovar, Daniel I. Butcher, Justin TI 'CaroTex-312', a High-yielding, Orange-fruited, Habanero-type, F-1 Hybrid Pepper SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Crosby, Kevin M.; Butcher, Justin] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Fery, Richard L.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Leskovar, Daniel I.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Uvalde, TX 78801 USA. RP Crosby, KM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, 1500 Res Pkwy,Suite 120, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM k-crosby@tamu.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD AUG PY 2013 VL 48 IS 8 BP 1059 EP 1061 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 208PA UT WOS:000323690400020 ER PT J AU Palmer, MV Thacker, TC Madison, RJ Koster, LG Swenson, SL Li, H AF Palmer, M. V. Thacker, T. C. Madison, R. J. Koster, L. G. Swenson, S. L. Li, H. TI Active and Latent Ovine Herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) Infection in a Herd of Captive White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE latent infection; malignant catarrhal fever; ovine herpesvirus-2; white-tailed deer ID MALIGNANT CATARRHAL FEVER; COMPETITIVE-INHIBITION ELISA; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; CERVUS-NIPPON; SHEEP; VIRUSES; CATTLE; ANTIBODY; DISEASE; TRANSMISSION AB Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is the clinical manifestation of infection of certain ruminant species with one of a group of pathogenic gammaherpesviruses known as MCF viruses. Cattle and numerous exotic ruminant species are susceptible to clinical disease that may be sporadic or occasionally epidemic in nature. The most common MCF virus worldwide is ovine herpesvirus (OvHV)-2. Reservoir hosts such as sheep, carry and excrete OvHV-2, but do not develop clinical signs, while clinically susceptible species develop severe and often fatal disease. The existence of latent infection in clinically susceptible hosts is poorly understood, but is documented in some ruminant species. Twenty-six animals from a captive herd of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) died and were examined from October 2006 to December 2010. Fifteen of these animals (58%) showed clinical signs and gross and microscopical lesions consistent with MCF, while 11(42%) did not. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification yielded product consistent with OvHV-2 DNA in samples of spleen from all 26 deer. To examine the possibility of latent infection in this herd, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were examined by PCR for OvHV-2 DNA, and the test was positive in 23/32 (72%) clinically normal deer. Archived serum samples were used to examine the history of MCF exposure in the herd using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which demonstrated that 10/40 (25%) deer tested had MCF viral antibodies, with nine deer being seropositive over multiple years. Combined with previous observations in deer and other species, these results suggest the existence of latent infection of white-tailed deer with OvHV-2. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Palmer, M. V.; Thacker, T. C.; Madison, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Koster, L. G.; Swenson, S. L.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Li, H.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Li, H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Palmer, MV (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM mitchell.palmer@ars.usda.gov OI Thacker, Tyler/0000-0001-6779-7649 NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9975 EI 1532-3129 J9 J COMP PATHOL JI J. Comp. Pathol. PD AUG-OCT PY 2013 VL 149 IS 2-3 BP 162 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.jcpa.2013.01.005 PG 5 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 207HO UT WOS:000323589700004 PM 23453492 ER PT J AU Aschenbroich, S Nemeth, N Rech, R Briggs, R Sanchez, S Brown, C AF Aschenbroich, S. Nemeth, N. Rech, R. Briggs, R. Sanchez, S. Brown, C. TI Mannheimia haemolytica A1-induced Fibrinosuppurative Meningoencephalitis in a Naturally-infected Holstein-Friesian Calf SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bovine viral diarrhoea virus; calf; Mannheimia haemolytica; meningoencephalitis ID BOVINE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; VIRAL-DIARRHEA-VIRUS; PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; PATHOGENS; CATTLE AB Mannheimia haemolytica is an opportunistic bacterium that is widely recognized among the bovine respiratory disease complex as the predominant pathogen causing broncho- and pleuropneumonia in cattle. Among the characterized M. haemolytica serotypes, A1 is the major cause of severe pulmonary lesions in cattle. This report describes post-mortem findings in a Holstein-Friesian calf with fibrinosuppurative meningoencephalitis and fibrinonecrotizing, haemorrhagic broncho- and pleuropneumonia, from which M. haemolytica and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) were isolated. Microscopical evaluation showed expansion of the brainstem and cerebellar leptomeninges by neutrophils and fibrin, associated with gram-negative coccobacilli. Occasional blood vessels within the midbrain and cerebellum contained fibrin thrombi. Bacterial culture of cerebellum and lung yielded M. haemolytica with unusually high haemolytic activity. The isolates were confirmed as serotype A1 by rapid plate agglutination. Lung tissue was positive for BVDV by polymerase chain reaction. The broncho- and pleuropneumonia in this calf were consistent with typical mannheimiosis due to serotype A1; however, extrapulmonary infections due to M. haemolytica, as seen in this case, are rarely reported. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of a natural BVDV and M. haemolytica co-infection associated with fibrinosuppurative meningoencephalitis in a calf. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Aschenbroich, S.; Nemeth, N.; Rech, R.; Brown, C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanchez, S.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Athens Vet Diagnost Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Briggs, R.] ARS, USDA, NADC, Ames, IA USA. RP Aschenbroich, S (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM soso85@uga.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9975 J9 J COMP PATHOL JI J. Comp. Pathol. PD AUG-OCT PY 2013 VL 149 IS 2-3 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.jcpa.2013.02.001 PG 5 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 207HO UT WOS:000323589700005 PM 23582969 ER PT J AU Madariaga-Mazon, A Gonzalez-Andrade, M Gonzalez, MDC Glenn, AE Cerda-Garcia-Rojas, CM Mata, R AF Madariaga-Mazon, Abraham Gonzalez-Andrade, Martin del Carmen Gonzalez, Maria Glenn, Anthony E. Cerda-Garcia-Rojas, Carlos M. Mata, Rachel TI Absolute Configuration of Acremoxanthone C, a Potent Calmodulin Inhibitor from Purpureocillium lilacinum SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID PAECILOMYCES-LILACINUS; PAECILOTOXIN PRODUCTION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; PROTEIN; MALBRANCHEAMIDE; ANTIBIOTICS; DOCKING; COMPLEX; DESIGN AB Bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract prepared from the culture medium and mycelium of Purpureocillium lilacinum allowed the isolation of two calmodulin (CaM) inhibitors, namely, acremoxanthone C (1) and acremonidin A (2). The absolute configuration of 1 was established as 2R, 3R, 1'S, 11'S, and 14'R through extensive NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling calculations at the DFT B3LYP/DGDZVP level, which included the comparison between theoretical and experimental specific rotation, (3)J(C,H), and (3)J(H,H) values. Compounds 1 and 2 bind to the human calmodulin (hCaM) biosensor hCaM M124C-mBBr, with dissociation constants (K-d) of 18.25 and 19.40 nM, respectively, 70-fold higher than that of chlorpromazine (K-d = 1.24 mu M), used as positive control. Docking analysis using AutoDock 4.2 predicted that 1 and 2 bind to CaM at a similar site to that which KAR-2 binds, which is unusual. Furthermore, a novel, sensible, and specific fluorescent biosensor of hCaM, i.e., hCaM T110C-mBBr, was constructed; this device is labeled at a site where classical inhibitors do not interact and was successfully applied to measure the interaction of 1 with CaM. This is the first report of xanthone-anthraquinone heterodimers in species of Paecilomyces or Purpureocillium genera. C1 [Madariaga-Mazon, Abraham; Mata, Rachel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Gonzalez-Andrade, Martin] Secretaria Salud Mexico, Inst Nacl Med Genom, Mexico City 14610, DF, Mexico. [del Carmen Gonzalez, Maria] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Glenn, Anthony E.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Cerda-Garcia-Rojas, Carlos M.] Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Quim, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. RP Cerda-Garcia-Rojas, CM (reprint author), Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Quim, Apartado 14-740, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. EM ccerda@cinvestav.mx; rachel@unam.mx RI Mata, Rachel/I-4435-2014; Madariaga, Abraham/B-4327-2015; OI Mata, Rachel/0000-0002-2861-2768; Gonzalez-Andrade, Martin/0000-0002-8910-3035; Cerda-Garcia-Rojas, Carlos M./0000-0002-5590-7908 FU CONACyT [99395] FX This work was supported by a grant from CONACyT (99395). We thank G. Duarte, M. Guzman, M. Gutierrez, I. Rivero, and A. Perez for their valuable technical assistance. A.M.-M. acknowledges a fellowship from CONACyT to pursue graduate studies. We are indebted to Direccion General de Servicios de Computo Academico (DGSCA), UNAM, for providing the resources to carry out computational calculations through the KanBalam system. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 EI 1520-6025 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 76 IS 8 BP 1454 EP 1460 DI 10.1021/np4002477 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 207UP UT WOS:000323630500009 PM 23876004 ER PT J AU Kim, WS Gillman, JD Krishnan, HB AF Kim, Won-Seok Gillman, Jason D. Krishnan, Hari B. TI Identification of a plant introduction soybean line with genetic lesions affecting two distinct glycinin subunits and evaluation of impacts on protein content and composition SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Glycinin; Soybean; Tofu; Seed proteins ID BETA-CONGLYCININ; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; STORAGE PROTEINS; SEEDS; MAX; CULTIVARS; QUALITY; TRANSCRIPTOME; ORGANIZATION; INHERITANCE AB Unlike other oilseeds, soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr) is also valuable due to its direct conversion into human food. One notable example is the cheese-like product tofu. The quality of tofu is improved when protein subunits derived from two glycinin genes, Gy1 and Gy4, are reduced or absent. Here we report the discovery that one exotic soybean plant introduction line, PI 605781 B, has not only a previously described loss-of-expression mutation affecting one glycinin gene (gy4), but also bears an extremely rare, potentially unique, frameshift mutation in the Glycinin1 gene (gy1-a). We analyzed glycinin gene expression via qRT-PCR with mRNA from developing seeds, which revealed that the novel allele dramatically reduced Gy1 mRNA accumulation. Similarly, both A(4)A(5)B(3) and A(1a)B(1a) protein subunits were absent or at undetectable levels, as determined by two-dimensional protein fractionation. Despite the reduction in glycinin content, overall seed protein levels were unaffected. The novel gy1-a allele was found to be unique to PI 605871B in a sampling of 247 diverse germplasm lines drawn from a variety of geographic origins. C1 [Kim, Won-Seok; Gillman, Jason D.; Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Krishnan, HB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Hari.Krishnan@usda.ars.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX The authors would like to acknowledge the superb technical assistance of Sungchan Jang, Jeremy Mullis and Nathan Oehrle. This research was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 32 IS 2 BP 291 EP 298 DI 10.1007/s11032-013-9870-8 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 206ER UT WOS:000323501100005 ER PT J AU MacDonald, JM AF MacDonald, James M. TI Railroads and Price Discrimination: The Roles of Competition, Information, and Regulation SO REVIEW OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article DE Railroad pricing; Price discrimination; Interstate Commerce Act; Railroad regulation ID DEREGULATION; COAL; ACT; TRANSPORTATION; INDUSTRY; WHEAT; POWER AB I evaluate railroad price discrimination in three periods: 1870-1886, before the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act; 1945-1975, when rates were regulated but railroads faced extensive intermodal competition; and 1980-2010, after the passage of major regulatory reforms. While price discrimination was widespread in each period, the specific practices varied as the nature of competition, regulation, and the information available to decision-makers changed. The Act focused heavily on price discrimination, and limited some practices while encouraging others. One major weakness of the Act was the restrictions that were imposed on pricing practices that could lead to cost reductions and productivity improvements. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Burke, VA 22015 USA. RP MacDonald, JM (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 9773 Katharines Dr, Burke, VA 22015 USA. EM macdonal@ers.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0889-938X J9 REV IND ORGAN JI Rev. Ind. Organ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 43 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 85 EP 101 DI 10.1007/s11151-013-9390-z PG 17 WC Economics; Management SC Business & Economics GA 209HB UT WOS:000323745100007 ER PT J AU Wright, CS AF Wright, Clinton S. TI Fuel Consumption Models for Pine Flatwoods Fuel Types in the Southeastern United States SO SOUTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE fire effects; gallberry; longleaf pine; modeling; saw palmetto; shrubs ID AIR-QUALITY IMPACTS; FIRE BEHAVIOR; PALUSTRIS ECOSYSTEMS; PRESCRIBED FIRES; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL-PLAIN; FOREST FLOOR; FLORIDA; COMMUNITIES; PLANTATION AB Modeling fire effects, including terrestrial and atmospheric carbon fluxes and pollutant emissions during wildland fires, requires accurate predictions of fuel consumption. Empirical models were developed for predicting fuel consumption from fuel and environmental measurements on a series of operational prescribed fires in pine flatwoods ecosystems in the southeastern United States. Total prefire fuel loading ranged from 4.6 to 23.7 Mg.ha(-1) (2.1 to 10.6 tons.acre(-1)); between 12 and 69% of the total loading was composed of shrub species, including saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), gallberry (Ilex glabra), and other common associates. Fuel consumption ranged from 1.3 to 15.7 Mg.ha(-1) (0.6 to 7.0 tons.acre(-1)). On average, 76% of the prefire fuel loading was consumed, although fuel consumption as a percentage of prefire loading was somewhat variable (range: 28-93%). Model predictors include pref ire shrub loading and season of burn for shrub fuels (R-2 = 0.90); pref ire dead and down woody fuel loading and 10-hour fuel moisture for dead and down woody fuels (R-2 = 0.68); pref ire litter loading and pine litter fuel moisture for pine litter fuels (R-2 = 0.92); and prefire aboveground fuel loading and litter fuel moisture for all aboveground fuels (R-2 = 0.89). Models specific to season of burning predicted independent consumption measurements within 4.5% (dormant season) and 12.4% (growing season) for flatwoods fires. The models reported here predicted fuel consumption more accurately than the decision support tools First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) and Consume and will allow fire and fuels managers in the region to better estimate fuel consumption and air quality impacts from prescribed burning. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. RP Wright, CS (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. EM cwright@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service; National Fire Plan; Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 03-1-3-06] FX The author acknowledges funding from the USDA Forest Service, National Fire Plan, and the Joint Fire Science Program under Project JFSP 03-1-3-06. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 25 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0148-4419 J9 SOUTH J APPL FOR JI South. J. Appl. For. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 37 IS 3 BP 148 EP 159 DI 10.5849/sjaf.12-006 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 206OF UT WOS:000323531300003 ER PT J AU Eberhardt, TL AF Eberhardt, Thomas L. TI Longleaf Pine Inner Bark and Outer Bark Thicknesses: Measurement and Relevance SO SOUTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE biomass utilization; fire resistance; phloem; Pinus palustris; rhytidome ID WOOD AB Measurements of bark thickness generally ignore the fact that bark is comprised of both living inner bark (phloem) and essentially dead outer bark (rhytidome). Discerning between them has ramifications for the utility of bark as a byproduct of timber harvesting and its functionality on a living tree. Inner bark and outer bark thicknesses for longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) were investigated using disks collected from trees harvested on a 70-year-old plantation. Inner bark thickness was relatively constant up the bole of each tree whereas outer bark thickness rapidly declined from its thickest point at slump height; at relative heights above 20%, the decrease in outer bark thickness was more gradual. The proportion of inner bark, therefore, increased up the bole, from an average of 15% at stump height to above 40% toward the top of the tree. Since inner bark is a richer source of extractives than old outer bark, tree tops may be preferable in terms of bark abundance and quality as feedstock for extractive-based products. Reductions in the inner and outer bark thicknesses on disk drying, with averages of roughly 20 and 10%, respectively, differed when the data were pooled by cardinal direction. Thus, variability in bark thickness around the circumference of a standing tree may actually be a manifestation of differences in bark moisture content. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. RP Eberhardt, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. EM teberhardt@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 38 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0148-4419 J9 SOUTH J APPL FOR JI South. J. Appl. For. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 37 IS 3 BP 177 EP 180 DI 10.5849/sjaf.12-023 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 206OF UT WOS:000323531300006 ER PT J AU Vegge, A Thymann, T Lund, P Stoll, B Bering, SB Hartmann, B Jelsing, J Qvist, N Burrin, DG Jeppesen, PB Holst, JJ Sangild, PT AF Vegge, Andreas Thymann, Thomas Lund, Pernille Stoll, Barbara Bering, Stine B. Hartmann, Bolette Jelsing, Jacob Qvist, Niels Burrin, Douglas G. Jeppesen, Palle B. Holst, Jens J. Sangild, Per T. TI Glucagon-like peptide-2 induces rapid digestive adaptation following intestinal resection in preterm neonates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neonatal short bowel syndrome; glucagon-like peptide-2; premature; intestine ID SHORT-BOWEL SYNDROME; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; NUTRIENT ABSORPTION; NEWBORN PIGS; ILEOCECAL RESECTION; PRESERVED COLON; BLOOD-FLOW; GLP-2; PIGLETS; PROLIFERATION AB Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a frequent complication after intestinal resection in infants suffering from intestinal disease. We tested whether treatment with the intestinotrophic hormone glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) increases intestinal volume and function in the period immediately following intestinal resection in preterm pigs. Preterm pigs were fed enterally for 48 h before undergoing resection of 50% of the small intestine and establishment of a jejunostomy. Following resection, pigs were maintained on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) without (SBS, n = 8) or with GLP-2 treatment (3.5 mu g/kg body wt per h, SBS + GLP-2, n = 7) and compared with a group of unresected preterm pigs (control, n = 5). After 5 days of TPN, all piglets were fed enterally for 24 h, and a nutrient balance study was performed. Intestinal resection was associated with markedly reduced endogenous GLP-2 levels. GLP-2 increased the relative absorption of wet weight (46 vs. 22%), energy (79 vs. 64%), and all macronutrients (all parameters P < 0.05). These findings were supported by a 200% increase in sucrase and maltase activities, a 50% increase in small intestinal epithelial volume (P < 0.05), as well as increased DNA and protein contents and increased total protein synthesis rate in SBS + GLP-2 vs. SBS pigs (+100%, P < 0.05). Following intestinal resection in preterm pigs, GLP-2 induced structural and functional adaptation, resulting in a higher relative absorption of fluid and macronutrients. GLP-2 treatment may be a promising therapy to enhance intestinal adaptation and improve digestive function in preterm infants with jejunostomy following intestinal resection. C1 [Vegge, Andreas; Thymann, Thomas; Lund, Pernille; Bering, Stine B.; Sangild, Per T.] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Sci, Dept Nutr Exercise & Sports, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Hartmann, Bolette; Holst, Jens J.] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Dept Biomed Sci, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Stoll, Barbara; Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jelsing, Jacob] Gubra ApS, Horsholm, Denmark. [Qvist, Niels] Odense Univ Hosp, Surg Dept A, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark. [Jeppesen, Palle B.] Rigshosp, Dept Gastroenterol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Sangild, PT (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Fac Life Sci, Dept Human Nutr, 30 Rolighedsvej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. EM psa@life.ku.dk OI Jeppesen, Palle Bekker/0000-0001-9680-6938; Sangild, Per Torp/0000-0002-5462-7760; Holst, Jens Juul/0000-0001-6853-3805 FU Danish Strategic Research Council; UNIK programme FX This study was supported by a grant from the Danish Strategic Research Council as well as the UNIK programme. NR 48 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 305 IS 4 BP G277 EP G285 DI 10.1152/ajpgi.00064.2013 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 205HQ UT WOS:000323434700001 PM 23764891 ER PT J AU Katzner, T Johnson, JA Evans, DM Garner, TWJ Gompper, ME Altwegg, R Branch, TA Gordon, IJ Pettorelli, N AF Katzner, T. Johnson, J. A. Evans, D. M. Garner, T. W. J. Gompper, M. E. Altwegg, R. Branch, T. A. Gordon, I. J. Pettorelli, N. TI Challenges and opportunities for animal conservation from renewable energy development SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Katzner, T.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Katzner, T.] US Forest Serv, Timber & Watershed Lab, USDA, Parsons, WV USA. [Johnson, J. A.] Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Evans, D. M.] Univ Hull, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. [Garner, T. W. J.; Pettorelli, N.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England. [Gompper, M. E.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO USA. [Altwegg, R.] South African Natl Biodivers Inst, Claremont, South Africa. [Altwegg, R.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci, Anim Demog Unit, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Altwegg, R.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Stat Sci, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Branch, T. A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gordon, I. J.] James Hutton Inst, Dundee, Scotland. RP Katzner, T (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM todd.katzner@mail.wvu.edu RI Gordon, Iain/K-8636-2012; Garner, Trenton/D-6873-2011; OI Gordon, Iain/0000-0001-9704-0946; Evans, Darren/0000-0003-4061-6726; Katzner, Todd/0000-0003-4503-8435 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 367 EP 369 DI 10.1111/acv.12067 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 200WL UT WOS:000323101700001 ER PT J AU Smith, L Beck, JJ AF Smith, Lincoln Beck, John J. TI Effect of mechanical damage on emission of volatile organic compounds from plant leaves and implications for evaluation of host plant specificity of prospective biological control agents of weeds SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; host plant specificity; volatile organic compound; GC-MS ID CERATAPION-BASICORNE COLEOPTERA; CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS ASTERACEAE; MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; YELLOW STARTHISTLE; PARASITIC WASPS; ECOLOGICAL RISK AB Assessment of host plant specificity is a critical step in the evaluation of classical biological control agents of weeds which is necessary for avoiding possible damage to non-target plants. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants likely play an important role in determining which plants attract and are accepted by a prospective arthropod agent. However, current methods to evaluate host plant specificity usually rely on empirical choice and no-choice behavioural experiments, with little knowledge about what chemical or physical attributes are stimulating the insect. We conducted experiments to measure the quantitative and qualitative effects on emission of VOCs caused by simple mechanical damage to leaves of plants known to differ in suitability and attractiveness to a prospective agent. More VOCs were detected from damaged than from undamaged leaves for all three species tested. Discriminant analysis was able to correctly distinguish the taxonomic identity of all plants based on their VOC profiles; however, the VOCs that discriminated species among undamaged leaves were completely different from those that discriminated among damaged leaves. Thus, damaged and undamaged plants present different VOC profiles to insects, which should be considered when conducting host plant specificity experiments. An unacceptable non-target plant, Centaurea cineraria, emitted all except one of the VOCs that were emitted by its preferred host plant, Centaurea solstitialis, indicating the importance of compounds that are repellant in host plant specificity. Centaurea cyanus emitted fewer VOCs than C. solstitialis, which suggests that it lacked some VOCs important for host plant recognition. C1 [Smith, Lincoln] USDA ARS, Albany, CA USA. [Beck, John J.] USDA ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RP Smith, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Albany, CA USA. EM link.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 93 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 32 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 23 IS 8 BP 880 EP 907 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.807908 PG 28 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 202TG UT WOS:000323241900003 ER PT J AU Slininger, PJ Schisler, DA AF Slininger, Patricia J. Schisler, David A. TI High-throughput assay for optimising microbial biological control agent production and delivery SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gram-negative bacteria; desiccation; survival; reconstitution; cultivation; formulation ID FUSARIUM DRY ROT; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS 2-79; GRAMINIS VAR TRITICI; SUPPRESS TAKE-ALL; BIOCONTROL AGENT; GAEUMANNOMYCES-GRAMINIS; WHEAT; POTATOES; STRAINS; FORMULATION AB Lack of technologies to produce and deliver effective biological control agents (BCAs) is a major barrier to their commercialisation. A myriad of variables associated with BCA cultivation, formulation, drying, storage and reconstitution processes complicate agent quality maximisation. An efficient assay using a 96-well microplate format to allow an integrated approach to optimising these process variables is presented. The assay involves growing the BCA of interest in flasks or fermentors, formulating cells harvested from growth cultures, delivering microlitre droplets of formulated cells to microplate wells, air-drying droplets, storing plates, reconstituting dried cells and monitoring the rate of cell growth to a specified yield using a plate-reading spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer assessments of cell activity were significantly correlated with microdilution plate viable cell enumeration. Relevant variables (culture harvest age, cultivation and formulation ingredients, storage atmosphere and temperature) were tested with each step of the assay process to view their individual and combined impact on resultant microbial activity. The utility of this method to evaluate many treatments was demonstrated on seven strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterobacter cloacae known to suppress fungal diseases of wheat and potatoes. C1 [Slininger, Patricia J.] N Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. [Schisler, David A.] N Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop BioProtect Res Units, Peoria, IL USA. RP Slininger, PJ (reprint author), N Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. EM Pat.Slininger@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 23 IS 8 BP 920 EP 943 DI 10.1080/09583157.2013.808739 PG 24 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 202TG UT WOS:000323241900005 ER PT J AU Diaz, JA Wu, XW Martini, A Youngblood, JP Moon, RJ AF Diaz, Jairo A. Wu, Xiawa Martini, Ashlie Youngblood, Jeffrey P. Moon, Robert J. TI Thermal Expansion of Self-Organized and Shear-Oriented Cellulose Nanocrystal Films SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article AB The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films was characterized using novel experimental techniques complemented by molecular simulations. The characteristic birefringence exhibited by CNC films was utilized to calculate the in-plane CTE of self-organized and shear-oriented self-standing CNC films from room temperature to 100 degrees C using polarized light image correlation. CNC alignment was estimated via Hermans order parameter (S) from 2D X-ray diffraction measurements. We found that films with no preferential CNC orientation through the thickness (S: similar to 0.0) exhibited an isotropic CTE (similar to 25 ppm/K). In contrast, films with aligned CNC orientations (S: similar to 0.4 to 0.8) had an anisotropic CTE response: For the highest CNC alignment (S: 0.8), the CTE parallel to CNC alignment was similar to 9 ppm/K, while that perpendicular to CNC alignment was similar to 158 ppm/K CNC film thermal expansion was proposed to be due primarily to single crystal expansion and CNC-CNC interfacial motion. The relative contributions of inter- and intracrystal responses to heating were explored using molecular dynamics simulations. C1 [Diaz, Jairo A.; Youngblood, Jeffrey P.; Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wu, Xiawa] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Martini, Ashlie] Univ Calif, Sch Mech Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Diaz, JA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jdiazama@purdue.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-11-1-0162] FX We thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant #FA9550-11-1-0162 for supporting this project. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 78 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 EI 1526-4602 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD AUG PY 2013 VL 14 IS 8 BP 2900 EP 2908 DI 10.1021/bm400794e PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 201LS UT WOS:000323143700051 PM 23841850 ER PT J AU Lundgren, JG Duan, JJ AF Lundgren, Jonathan G. Duan, Jian J. TI RNAi-Based Insecticidal Crops: Potential Effects on Nontarget Species SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE exposure; GM crops; insecticide; nontarget testing; RNAi ID EXTRACELLULAR DNA; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; INTERFERENCE; SIRNA; SEQUENCE; MAIZE; FIELD; CORN; ENVIRONMENT; TARGETS AB The potential hazards posed by RNA interference (RNAi) based pesticides and genetically modified crops to nontarget organisms include off-target gene silencing, silencing the target gene in unintended organisms, immune stimulation, and saturation of the RNAi machinery. Nontarget organisms will vary in their exposure to small RNAs produced by genetically modified crops, but exposure to insecticidal small RNAs will probably occur at a previously unrealized scale for many. Areas that warrant future work include the persistence of insecticidal small RNAs in the environment, describing crop-based food webs to understand those species that are most exposed, sequencing genomes for species to proactively understand those that may be affected by RNAi, and substantiating that laboratory toxicity testing can accurately predict the field-level effects of this technology. The costs and benefits of pesticidal RNA must be considered relative to current pest management options as pesticidal RNAs move. from a theoretical approach to being used as a practical tool. C1 [Lundgren, Jonathan G.; Duan, Jian J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM jonathan.lundgren@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 11 U2 87 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD AUG PY 2013 VL 63 IS 8 BP 657 EP 665 DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.8.8 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 202DO UT WOS:000323193900008 ER PT J AU Karl, JW Herrick, JE Unnasch, RS Gillan, JK Ellis, EC Lutters, WG Martin, LJ AF Karl, Jason W. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Unnasch, Robert S. Gillan, Jeffrey K. Ellis, Erle C. Lutters, Wayne G. Martin, Laura J. TI Discovering Ecologically Relevant Knowledge from Published Studies through Geosemantic Searching SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE knowledge discovery; spatial distribution; georeferencing; semantic search; metadata ID ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEM; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS; SCIENCE; WATER AB It is easier to search the globe for research on the genes of a local plant than it is to find local research on that plant's ecology. As a result, ecologists are often unaware of published local research and unlikely to find relevant studies from similar environments worldwide. Location information in ecological studies can be harnessed to enable geographic knowledge searches and could be standardized to make searches more fruitful. To demonstrate this potential, we developed the JournalMap Web site (www.journalmap.org). Easy access to geographic distributions of knowledge opens new possibilities for using ecological research to detect and interpret ecological patterns, evaluate current ecological knowledge, and facilitate knowledge creation. We call on journals and publishers to support standard reporting of study locations in publications and metadata, and we advocate georeferencing past studies. C1 [Karl, Jason W.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.] USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Unnasch, Robert S.] Nature Conservancy, Boise, ID USA. [Gillan, Jeffrey K.] New Mexico State Univ, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ellis, Erle C.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Geog & Environm Syst, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Lutters, Wayne G.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Informat Syst, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Martin, Laura J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Karl, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. EM jkarl@nmsu.edu OI Ellis, Erle/0000-0002-2006-3362; Karl, Jason/0000-0002-3326-3806 FU National Science Foundation Division of Computer and Network Systems as part of the GLOBE project [115210] FX We would like to thank Jacob A. Karl, Ellinor J. Karl, and Robin Metz for their work in collecting coordinate locations for the published studies used in this article. The Journal Map Web application was designed and developed by Ty Montgomery, Ryan Shaw, Matthew Lawhead, Scott Miller, and David Smith of The Other Firm (www.theotherfirm.com). ECE and WGL were supported by the National Science Foundation Division of Computer and Network Systems award no. 115210 as part of the GLOBE project (http://globe.umbc.edu). NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD AUG PY 2013 VL 63 IS 8 BP 674 EP 682 DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.8.10 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 202DO UT WOS:000323193900010 ER PT J AU Brown, ME Escobar, V Moran, S Entekhabi, D O'Neill, PE Njoku, EG Doorn, B Entin, JK AF Brown, Molly E. Escobar, Vanessa Moran, Susan Entekhabi, Dara O'Neill, Peggy E. Njoku, Eni G. Doorn, Brad Entin, Jared K. TI NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Mission and Opportunities for Applications Users SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Brown, Molly E.; O'Neill, Peggy E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Escobar, Vanessa] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sigma Space Corp, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moran, Susan] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Entekhabi, Dara] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Njoku, Eni G.] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, La Canada Flintridge, CA USA. [Doorn, Brad; Entin, Jared K.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. RP Brown, ME (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM molly.brown@nasa.gov RI Brown, Molly/M-5146-2013; Brown, Molly/E-2724-2010 OI Brown, Molly/0000-0001-7384-3314; Brown, Molly/0000-0001-7384-3314 NR 1 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 94 IS 8 BP 1125 EP 1128 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00049.1 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 205YZ UT WOS:000323482200004 ER PT J AU Green, BT Welch, KD Panter, KE Lee, ST AF Green, Benedict T. Welch, Kevin D. Panter, Kip E. Lee, Stephen T. TI Plant Toxins That Affect Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: A Review SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CROOKED CALF DISEASE; ALPHA-BUNGAROTOXIN BINDING; LARKSPUR DELPHINIUM-BARBEYI; HEMLOCK CONIUM-MACULATUM; NON-TERATOGENIC LUPINS; QUINOLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; MAJOR ALKALOIDS; CONGENITAL ARTHROGRYPOSIS; NORDITERPENOID ALKALOIDS; POISON-HEMLOCK AB Plants produce a wide variety of chemical compounds termed secondary metabolites that are not involved in basic metabolism, photosynthesis, or reproduction. These compounds are used as flavors, fragrances, insecticides, dyes, hallucinogens, nutritional supplements, poisons, and pharmaceutical agents. However, in some cases these secondary metabolites found in poisonous plants perturb biological systems. Ingestion of toxins from poisonous plants by grazing livestock often results in large economic losses to the livestock industry. The chemical structures of these compounds are diverse and range from simple, low molecular weight toxins such as oxalate in halogeton to the highly complex norditerpene alkaloids in larkspurs. While the negative effects of plant toxins on people and the impact of plant toxins on livestock producers have been widely publicized, the diversity of these toxins and their potential as new pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of diseases in people and animals has also received widespread interest. Scientists are actively screening plants from all regions of the world for bioactivity and potential pharmaceuticals for the treatment or prevention of many diseases. In this review, we focus the discussion to those plant toxins extensively studied at the USDA Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory that affect the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors including species of Delphinium (Larkspurs), Lupinus (Lupines), Conium (poison hemlock), and Nicotiana (tobaccos). C1 [Green, Benedict T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Panter, Kip E.; Lee, Stephen T.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Green, BT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Ben.Green@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 103 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 8 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1129 EP 1138 DI 10.1021/tx400166f PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 205QV UT WOS:000323460600001 PM 23848825 ER PT J AU Knapp, BO Wang, GG Walker, JL AF Knapp, Benjamin O. Wang, G. Geoff Walker, Joan L. TI Effects of canopy structure and cultural treatments on the survival and growth of Pinus palustris Mill. seedlings underplanted in Pinus taeda L. stands SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Group selection; Herbicide; Longleaf pine restoration; Red-cockaded woodpecker; Silviculture; Single-tree selection ID CONVERTING LOBLOLLY-PINE; 6 GROWING SEASONS; LONGLEAF PINE; SILVICULTURAL TREATMENTS; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; SITE PREPARATION; PRESCRIBED FIRE; NORTH-CAROLINA AB Longleaf pine restoration is a common management objective in the southeastern United States and requires artificial regeneration of longleaf pines on sites currently dominated by loblolly pine. In many cases, retention of canopy trees during stand conversion may be desirable to promote ecological function and meet conservation objectives. We tested the effects of seven harvesting treatments that varied residual canopy density and distribution, in conjunction with additional cultural treatments (herbicides and fertilizer), on the mortality and growth of longleaf pine seedlings underplanted in loblolly pine stands. We observed no change in the root collar diameter of longleaf pine seedlings planted in plots with no canopy removal (residual basal area of 16 m(2)/ha) over three growing seasons. Clearcutting resulted in the greatest seedling growth and the greatest percentage of seedlings that had emerged from the grass stage, although mean seedling size within canopy gaps did not differ from that within clearcut plots. Within canopy gaps, seedling root collar diameter did not significantly increase beyond 10 m from the forest edge. Canopy trees provided an apparent facilitation effect on longleaf pine seedling survival, with the highest mortality in clearcut plots and on the northern half of canopy gaps. Releasing planted longleaf pine seedlings with herbicides resulted in a moderate increase in the percentage of seedlings in height growth but had no effect on root collar diameter. Our results demonstrate trade-offs between longleaf pine seedling survival and growth associated with canopy retention but also suggest that managers have some degree of flexibility in prescribing harvesting treatments to meet restoration objectives on sites currently dominated by loblolly pines. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Knapp, Benjamin O.; Wang, G. Geoff] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Walker, Joan L.] Clemson Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Knapp, BO (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203-S ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM knappb@missouri.edu FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [RC-1474]; U.S. Department of Defense; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Land Management Branch at Fort Benning, GA FX This study was funded by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP; RC-1474), sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We are grateful for the support of James Parker, Robert Larimore, Don Imm, and the Land Management Branch at Fort Benning, GA throughout this project. We would like to thank Rob Addington, Michele Elmore, Wade Harrison, and Geoff Sorrell of The Nature Conservancy at Fort Benning for assistance with the implementation of this research. Additional thanks go to the many individuals who assisted with data collection and processing in support of this project, as well as two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This paper is technical contribution number 6089 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. NR 63 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 57 BP 46 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.04.014 PG 11 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 201QD UT WOS:000323156700006 ER PT J AU Reddy, GB Forbes, DA Phillips, R Cyrus, JS Porter, J AF Reddy, Gudigopuram B. Forbes, Dean A. Phillips, Richard Cyrus, Johnsely S. Porter, Jeffrey TI Demonstration of technology to treat swine waste using geotextile bag, zeolite bed and constructed wetland SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Constructed wetland; Geotextile bag; Nitrogen removal; Phosphorus removal; Solids separation; Swine wastewater; Zeolite ID SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION; PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL; CHEMICAL COAGULATION; MANURE; WATER; AMENDMENTS; LAGOONS; SYSTEM; USA AB A comprehensive treatment system consisting of geotextile bag, zeolite bed and constructed wetland has been devised to remove solids and nutrients from swine house waste. Alkalinity was observed to be reduced by 44% after geotextile bag and 77% after wetlands. In one day (24 h) waste flush cycle, COD was reduced by 72% after geotextile bag and further reduced by 95% after zeolite treatment followed by constructed wetland. When wastewater was passed through geotextile bag, 71% reduction of COD occurred during 96 h flush cycle and further reduction of 87% was observed after zeolite. Reductions of 94% total N, 92% NH4+-N, 88% total P, and 87% o-PO4--P were observed after the wastewater was passed through the geotextile bag, zeolite, and wetland treatment systems during 24 h flush cycle. Approximately 50% NH4+-N was adsorbed by the zeolite bed and 12% was presumed to be lost through NH3 volatilization process during zeolite treatment. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Reddy, Gudigopuram B.; Forbes, Dean A.; Phillips, Richard; Cyrus, Johnsely S.] North Carolina A&T State Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Design, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Porter, Jeffrey] USDA NRCS, East Natl Technol Support Ctr, Greensboro, NC 27401 USA. RP Reddy, GB (reprint author), North Carolina A&T State Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Design, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. EM reddyg@ncat.edu FU Farm Pilot Project Coordination, Inc., Tampa, FL FX This study was supported by the Farm Pilot Project Coordination, Inc., Tampa, FL. Thanks also goes out to the USDA-NRCS East National Technology Support Center, Greensboro, NC and to the staff at the North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Farm. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 57 BP 353 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.04.046 PG 8 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 201QD UT WOS:000323156700042 ER PT J AU Coates, BS Johnson, H Kim, KS Hellmich, RL Abel, CA Mason, C Sappington, TW AF Coates, Brad S. Johnson, Holly Kim, Kyung-Seok Hellmich, Richard L. Abel, Craig A. Mason, Charles Sappington, Thomas W. TI Frequency of hybridization between Ostrinia nubilalis E-and Z-pheromone races in regions of sympatry within the United States SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Gene flow; hybridization; pheromone variation; reproductive isolation ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; SEX-PHEROMONES; LEPIDOPTERA-PYRALIDAE; COMMUNICATION-SYSTEM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA; COMPLEX DISEASE; GENES; STRAINS AB Female European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, produce and males respond to sex pheromone blends with either E- or Z-Delta 11-tetradecenyl acetate as the major component. E- and Z-race populations are sympatric in the Eastern United States, Southeastern Canada, and the Mediterranean region of Europe. The E- and Z-pheromone races of O. nubilalis are models for incipient species formation, but hybridization frequencies within natural populations remain obscure due to lack of a high-throughput phenotyping method. Lassance et al. previously identified a pheromone gland-expressed fatty-acyl reductase gene (pgfar) that controls the ratio of Delta 11-tetradecenyl acetate stereoisomers. We identified three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers within pgfar that are differentially fixed between E- and Z-race females, and that are >= 98.2% correlated with female pheromone ratios measured by gas chromatography. Genotypic data from locations in the United States demonstrated that pgfar-z alleles were fixed within historically allopatric Z-pheromone race populations in the Midwest, and that hybrid frequency ranged from 0.00 to 0.42 within 11 sympatric sites where the two races co-occur in the Eastern United States (mean hybridization frequency or heterozygosity (H-O) = 0.226 +/- 0.279). Estimates of hybridization between the E- and Z-races are important for understanding the dynamics involved in maintaining race integrity, and are consistent with previous estimates of low levels of genetic divergence between E- and Z-races and the presence of weak prezygotic mating barriers. C1 [Coates, Brad S.; Kim, Kyung-Seok; Hellmich, Richard L.; Abel, Craig A.; Sappington, Thomas W.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Coates, Brad S.; Hellmich, Richard L.; Sappington, Thomas W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Johnson, Holly; Mason, Charles] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Coates, BS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, 103 Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.coates@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [3625-22000-017-00] FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS; CRIS Project 3625-22000-017-00). NR 66 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 3 IS 8 BP 2459 EP 2470 DI 10.1002/ece3.639 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 202GA UT WOS:000323200800006 PM 24567821 ER PT J AU Singh, SK Hoyos-Villegas, V Ray, JD Smith, JR Fritschi, FB AF Singh, Shardendu K. Hoyos-Villegas, Valerio Ray, Jeffery D. Smith, James R. Fritschi, Felix B. TI Quantification of leaf pigments in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) based on wavelet decomposition of hyperspectral features SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Analytical methods; Carotenoids; Chlorophyll; Multiple linear regression (MLR) models; Remote sensing; Transformed spectral reflectance ID CHLOROPHYLL CONCENTRATION; REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NITROGEN-CONTENT; PREDICTION; VEGETATION; CAROTENOIDS; INDEXES AB Accurate prediction of leaf pigments from spectral reflectance is important because it allows non-destructive, rapid assessment of crop-N status under field conditions. Canopy reflectance and leaf pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids concentrations) were measured on 385 field-grown soybean genotypes during flowering and seed development stages each in 2009 and 2010. Spectral features related to pigments were extracted based on several known spectral indices and using a number of analytical methods to develop prediction models incorporating reflectance data at single waveband (single-band), two (simple-ratio) or more (multiple linear regression, MLR) wavebands. Among the tested methods, fitness and accuracy (measured as coefficient of determination, R-2; root mean square error, RMSE; and relative error, %RE) of the prediction models developed using MLR was greatest. The accuracy of known indices such as the Maccioni-index and canopy chlorophyll content index showed potential for estimation of pigment concentrations using soybean canopy reflectance data. Though, models developed using transformed spectra outperformed the original reflectance spectra irrespective of the analytical method used. In general, the validation of the MLR models revealed limited accuracy across sampling dates and types of spectra used. Continuous wavelet transformed spectra using 'Mexican hat' wavelet family (CWT-mexh) produced the best model with the highest accuracy. The selected wavebands in the models primarily consisted of the visible (400-750 nm) as compared to the NIR (750-1350 nm) spectrum. A general-Purpose MLR model using CWT-mexh spectra that was strongly related with pigment concentrations (R-2 = 0.86, RMSE = 2.12 and RE = 12.5%; chlorophyll and R-2 = 0.83, RMSE = 0.56 and RE = 12.7%; carotenoids) was developed. The analytical and transformation methods employed in the current study can be useful to develop models for estimation of leaf pigment concentration based on canopy reflectance. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Singh, Shardendu K.; Hoyos-Villegas, Valerio; Fritschi, Felix B.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ray, Jeffery D.; Smith, James R.] ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Fritschi, FB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, 1-31 Agr Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM FritschiF@missouri.edu FU United Soybean Board Project [8274] FX The authors appreciate the assistance provided by Dr. James H. Houx III, Terry Woods and Rengarajan V. Pelapur as well as the resources provided by the Bradford Research and Extension Center. This research was supported in part by United Soybean Board Project no. 8274. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 149 BP 20 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.04.019 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 197KP UT WOS:000322850400003 ER PT J AU Devi, JM Rowland, DL Payton, P Faircloth, W Sinclair, TR AF Devi, Joystna M. Rowland, Diane L. Payton, Paxton Faircloth, Wilson Sinclair, Thomas R. TI Nitrogen fixation tolerance to soil water deficit among commercial cultivars and breeding lines of peanut SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cultivar variation; Drought stress; Nitrogen fixation ID GENOTYPES; DROUGHT AB Peanut is often grown in the U.S. on sandy soil with limited water holding capacity. Since nitrogen fixation activity of other grain legume species, and some peanut cultivars, has been found to be especially sensitive to soil drying, yield improvement may be possible by identifying and/or breeding cultivars with nitrogen fixation resistance to water-deficit conditions. A key in this approach will be the use of screens to identify genotypes that may express drought resistance. Two screens of differing experimental sophistication were explored in this study as potential tools to compare genotypes. The first screen was done in the greenhouse using intact plants in a flow-though acetylene reduction system to measure nitrogen fixation response to soil drying over about two weeks. Ten commercial cultivars were tested and the only significant difference in nitrogen fixation activity was between Georgia 06G and York. The threshold for the decline in the nitrogen fixation rate averaged at a relative high value of 0.37 but Georgia 06G had a relatively low value of 0.28. These thresholds are greater than have been reported for nitrogen fixation tolerance in other species. The second, less sensitive screen that can be applied to a much larger number of genotypes was done in the field by measuring nitrogen accumulation over 2-3 wks of growth on limited available soil water. There were no differences in nitrogen-to-mass accumulation ratio among the commercial cultivars during two limited-water experiments. However, data collected from the field on several breeding lines from India indicated a consistency in the identification of nitrogen fixation in the greenhouse experiment and field experiments. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Devi, Joystna M.; Sinclair, Thomas R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Rowland, Diane L.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Payton, Paxton] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Faircloth, Wilson] Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Sinclair, TR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, POB 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM trsincla@ncsu.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 149 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.04.026 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 197KP UT WOS:000322850400014 ER PT J AU Dai, XQ Li, YS Ouyang, Z Wang, HM Wilson, GV AF Dai, Xiaoqin Li, Yunsheng Ouyang, Zhu Wang, Huimin Wilson, G. V. TI Organic manure as an alternative to crop residues for no-tillage wheat-maize systems in North China Plain SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE NT; Soil properties; Grain yield; Biomass; Weeds ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; LONG-TERM; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; TOTAL NITROGEN; WINTER-WHEAT; SOIL QUALITY; WEED FLORA; CARBON; YIELD; MANAGEMENT AB No-tillage (NT) can provide both environmental and economic benefits and has been recognized as a sustainable land use practice in many areas worldwide. NT has induced some concerns in the North China Plain (NCP), e.g. unstable crop yield and fodder shortage, with regards to the amount of crop residues retained on the soil surface. The objective of this study was to explore whether or not manure inputs are a viable alternative to crop residue in no-till wheat and maize rotation systems in NCP. Field experiments were initiated in October 2004 including three management operations: conventional tillage with residue removed (CTr), NT with crop residue left on soil surface (NTc), and NT with manure inputs (NTm); and two fertilizer application practices: splitting fertilizer inputs (SF) and concentrated fertilizer inputs (CF). These treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design, with three replications, and continued over a 4-year period. Crop yield, soil properties and weed population were measured in a wheat-maize double crop system. Compared to CTr, NT had a trend of reducing wheat biomass and grain yield which reduced by 4% and 6%, respectively, for NTc, and 5% and 4%, respectively, for NTm. Tillage treatments, thus use of manure instead of residue, had no significant effects on maize biomass and yield. Fertilizer application practices had no significant effects on biomass and yield of both crops. Continuous NT for 4 years significantly increased the bulk density, soil water content, soil organic carbon (SOC) of the surface soil, but decreased the soil electrical conductivity (EC). The increase in SOC in NTm was higher than in NTc. Although soil EC decreased less in NTm than in NTc, the effects of soil EC could be neglected in the study. The NTc or NTm significantly inhibited the dominant weed in wheat field. The CF inhibited the flixweed (Descurainia sophia) growth compared to the SF. The manure inputs were found to be a viable alternative to crop residue in this NT wheat-maize system in the NCP. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dai, Xiaoqin; Li, Yunsheng; Ouyang, Zhu; Wang, Huimin] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Wilson, G. V.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Li, YS (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM daixq@igsnrr.ac.cn; liys@igsnrr.ac.cn FU Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research [2012ZD004]; open foundation from Key International Collaboration Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2004CB720501] FX This study was financially supported by the Strategic Science Plan of Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (2012ZD004) and open foundation from Key International Collaboration Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2004CB720501). Authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, which helped in improving the manuscript. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 149 BP 141 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.04.027 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 197KP UT WOS:000322850400016 ER PT J AU Koolachart, R Jogloy, S Vorasoot, N Wongkaew, S Holbrook, CC Jongrungklang, N Kesmala, T Patanothai, A AF Koolachart, R. Jogloy, S. Vorasoot, N. Wongkaew, S. Holbrook, C. C. Jongrungklang, N. Kesmala, T. Patanothai, A. TI Rooting traits of peanut genotypes with different yield responses to terminal drought SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Drought tolerance; Root dry weight; Percent root length density; Pod yield; Harvest index ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L; LEAF-AREA; GROUNDNUT; TOLERANCE; STRESS; DEFICIT; CULTIVARS; GROWTH; GERMPLASM AB Drought at pod filling can severely reduce yield of peanut. Better root systems can reduce yield loss from drought. However, the relationship of root characters with yield under terminal drought is not well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the responses of peanut genotypes with different yield responses to terminal drought stress for root dry weight and the percent root length density (% RLD) in deeper soil layers and their relationships with biological and economic yield. A field experiment was conducted at Khon Kaen University's Agronomy Farm in 2010/2011. and 2011/2012. A split plot design with four replications was used in this study. Five peanut genotypes: ICGV 98308, ICGV 98324, ICGV 98348, Tainan 9 and Tifton 8 were assigned as subplots and two soil moisture levels [field capacity (FC) and 1/3 available water (1/3 AW) at R7 growth stage through harvest] were assigned as main plots. Data for root dry weight, % root length density (% RLD), stomatal conductance, water use efficiency (WUE), pod yield, biomass, harvest index (HI), were recorded at harvest. Drought significantly reduced pod yield, biomass and HI. Overall genotypes, yield responses to terminal drought were not correlated with root dry weight and % RLD. However for some genotypes, yield under terminal drought did seem to be related to root dry weight and % RLD. The genotypes with large root system and high stomata! conductance, WUE and biomass and maintained higher pod yield under terminal drought. For example, Tifton 8 had high root dry weight and high stomatal conductance, WUE and biomass, maintained higher pod yield under drought conditions. Peanut genotypes that have high % RLD at deeper layers and high stomatal conductance, WUE and HI might also maintain pod yield under terminal drought. ICGV 98324 and ICGV 98348 increased % RLD at deeper layers and also had high stomatal conductance, WUE and HI and maintained higher pod yield under terminal drought. Percent RLD could be useful as a selection criterion for improving resistance to drought. However, selection of RLD alone can be confounded because some genotypes with high RLD under terminal drought had low pod yield, and selection of RLD as a supplement for pod yield under drought would be more effective. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Koolachart, R.; Jogloy, S.; Vorasoot, N.; Jongrungklang, N.; Kesmala, T.; Patanothai, A.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Wongkaew, S.] Suranaree Univ Technol, Inst Agr Technol, Sch Crop Prod Technol, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM sanun@kku.ac.th FU Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. program; Khon Kaen University [PHD/0182/2552]; Thailand Research Fund (TRF); Commission of Higher Education (CHE); Khon Kaen University (KKU) FX The authors are grateful for the jointed financial support of the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. program and Khon Kaen University (grant no. PHD/0182/2552) and support in part by the Thailand Research Fund (TRF), the Commission of Higher Education (CHE) and Khon Kaen University (KKU) for providing financial supports to this research through the Distinguished Research Professor Grant of Professor Dr. Aran Patanothai, the Peanut and Jerusalem Artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group, and Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University. We thank the work of many people in field data collection and processing. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 149 BP 366 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.05.024 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 197KP UT WOS:000322850400041 ER PT J AU Herrick, JE Sala, OE Karl, JW AF Herrick, Jeffrey E. Sala, Osvaldo E. Karl, Jason W. TI Land degradation and climate change: a sin of omission? SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Herrick, Jeffrey E.; Karl, Jason W.] USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Sala, Osvaldo E.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Herrick, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. OI Karl, Jason/0000-0002-3326-3806 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 30 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 11 IS 6 BP 283 EP 283 DI 10.1890/1540-9295-11.6.283 PG 1 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 202VT UT WOS:000323249100001 ER PT J AU Grant, GE Tague, CL Allen, CD AF Grant, Gordon E. Tague, Christina L. Allen, Craig D. TI Watering the forest for the trees: an emerging priority for managing water in forest landscapes SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOIL-MOISTURE; VEGETATION; MORTALITY; MANAGEMENT; EUROPE; CARBON; YIELD AB Widespread threats to forests resulting from drought stress are prompting a re-evaluation of priorities for water management on forest lands. In contrast to the widely held view that forest management should emphasize providing water for downstream uses, we argue that maintaining forest health in the context of a changing climate may require focusing on the forests themselves and on strategies to reduce their vulnerability to increasing water stress. Management strategies would need to be tailored to specific landscapes but could include thinning, planting and selecting for drought-tolerant species, irrigating, and making more water available to plants for transpiration. Hydrologic modeling reveals that specific management actions could reduce tree mortality due to drought stress. Adopting water conservation for vegetation as a priority for managing water on forested lands would represent a fundamental change in perspective and potentially involve trade-offs with other downstream uses of water. C1 [Grant, Gordon E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. [Tague, Christina L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mountains Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Grant, GE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. EM ggrant@fs.fed.us FU USDA USFS; Pacific Northwest Research Station; Ecosystems and the Climate and Land Use programs of the US Geological Survey (through the Western Mountain Initiative) FX We thank S Lewis for help with all phases of manuscript preparation and revision. Support was provided by the USDA USFS, Pacific Northwest Research Station, and the Ecosystems and the Climate and Land Use programs of the US Geological Survey (through the Western Mountain Initiative). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 46 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 46 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 11 IS 6 BP 314 EP 321 DI 10.1890/120209 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 202VT UT WOS:000323249100014 ER PT J AU Ryan, KC Knapp, EE Varner, JM AF Ryan, Kevin C. Knapp, Eric E. Varner, J. Morgan TI Prescribed fire in North American forests and woodlands: history, current practice, and challenges SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; PINUS-PALUSTRIS ECOSYSTEMS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; LANDSCAPE; FUELS; USA; CALIFORNIA; SEASON; AREA AB Whether ignited by lightning or by Native Americans, fire once shaped many North American ecosystems. Euro-American settlement and 20th-century fire suppression practices drastically altered historic fire regimes, leading to excessive fuel accumulation and uncharacteristically severe wildfires in some areas and diminished flammability resulting from shifts to more fire-sensitive forest species in others. Prescribed fire is a valuable tool for fuel management and ecosystem restoration, but the practice is fraught with controversy and uncertainty. Here, we summarize fire use in the forests and woodlands of North America and the current state of the practice, and explore challenges associated with the use of prescribed fire. Although new scientific knowledge has reduced barriers to prescribed burning, societal aversion to risk often trumps known, long-term ecological benefits. Broader implementation of prescribed burning and strategic management of wildfires in fire-dependent ecosystems will require improved integration of science, policy, and management, and greater societal acceptance through education and public involvement in land-management issues. C1 [Ryan, Kevin C.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Knapp, Eric E.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA USA. [Varner, J. Morgan] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM kcryan@fs.fed.us NR 69 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 19 U2 127 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 11 SU 1 BP E15 EP E24 DI 10.1890/120329 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 203UC UT WOS:000323318100003 ER PT J AU Karsai, G Pollak, E Wacker, M Vomel, M Selcho, M Berta, G Nachman, RJ Isaac, RE Molnar, L Wegener, C AF Karsai, Gergely Pollak, Edit Wacker, Matthias Voemel, Matthias Selcho, Mareike Berta, Gergely Nachman, Ronald J. Isaac, R. Elwyn Molnar, Laszlo Wegener, Christian TI Diverse in- and output polarities and high complexity of local synaptic and non-synaptic signaling within a chemically defined class of peptidergic Drosophila neurons SO FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS LA English DT Article DE synaptic signaling; volume transmission; paracrine release; neuromodulation; ecdysis; bursicon; CCAP; myoinhibitory peptide ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CRUSTACEAN CARDIOACTIVE PEPTIDE; INSECT PERIPLANETA-AMERICANA; CONFOCAL IMAGE STACKS; ECDYSIS BEHAVIOR; ULTRASTRUCTURAL DEMONSTRATION; IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS; CIRCUIT RECONSTRUCTION; VOLUME TRANSMISSION; ARCUATE NUCLEUS AB Peptidergic neurons are not easily integrated into current connectomics concepts, since their peptide messages can be distributed via non-synaptic paracrine signaling or volume transmission. Moreover, the polarity of peptidergic interneurons in terms of in- and out-put sites can be hard to predict and is very little explored. We describe in detail the morphology and the subcellular distribution of fluorescent vesicle/dendrite markers in CCAP neurons (N-CCAP), a well defined set of peptidergic neurons in the Drosophila larva. N-CCAP can be divided into five morphologically distinct subsets. In contrast to other subsets, serial homologous interneurons in the ventral ganglion show a mixed localization of in- and output markers along ventral neurites that defy a classification as dendritic or axonal compartments. Ultrastructurally, these neurites contain both pre- and postsynaptic sites preferably at varicosities. A significant portion of the synaptic events are due to reciprocal synapses. Peptides are mostly non-synaptically or parasynaptically released, and dense-core vesicles and synaptic vesicle pools are typically well separated. The responsiveness of the N-CCAP to ecdysis-triggering hormone may be at least partly dependent on a tonic synaptic inhibition, and is independent of ecdysteroids. Our results reveal a remarkable variety and complexity of local synaptic circuitry within a chemically defined set of peptidergic neurons. Synaptic transmitter signaling as well as peptidergic paracrine signaling and volume transmission from varicosities can be main signaling modes of peptidergic interneurons depending on the subcellular region. The possibility of region-specific variable signaling modes should be taken into account in connectomic studies that aim to dissect the circuitry underlying insect behavior and physiology, in which peptidergic neurons act as important regulators. C1 [Karsai, Gergely; Pollak, Edit; Molnar, Laszlo] Univ Pecs, Dept Comparat Anat & Dev Biol, Inst Biol, Fac Sci, Pecs, Hungary. [Karsai, Gergely; Selcho, Mareike; Wegener, Christian] Univ Wurzburg, Bioctr, Theodor Boveri Inst, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Wacker, Matthias; Voemel, Matthias; Wegener, Christian] Univ Marburg, Dept Biol, Marburg, Germany. [Berta, Gergely] Univ Pecs, Fac Med, Dept Med Biol, Pecs, Hungary. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Isaac, R. Elwyn] Univ Leeds, Fac Biol Sci, Sch Biol, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. RP Wegener, C (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Bioctr, Theodor Boveri Inst, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. EM christian.wegener@uni-wuerzburg.de OI Wegener, Christian/0000-0003-4481-3567; Selcho, Mareike/0000-0002-6405-2972 FU EMBO short-term fellowship; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [WE2651/2-1, 2]; DFG collaborative research centre [SFB1047]; European Union [TAMOP 4.2.4. A/2-11-1-2012-0001]; European Social Fund; German Research Foundation (DFG); University of Wuerzburg FX We would like to thank the Drosophila Genomics Resource Center and Sean Sweeney (York, UK) for the kind gift of plasmids; Heinrich Dircksen (Stockholm, Sweden), Manfred Eckert (Jena, Germany) and the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank (Iowa, USA) for the kind gift of antibodies; and Bassem Hassan (Leuven, Belgium), Tzumin Lee (Worcester, MA, USA), Dierk Reiff (Freiburg, Germany) and Susan Tsunoda (Fort Collins, CO, USA) and the Bloomington Stock Center for the kind gift of flies. We also thank Dominic Aumann (Marburg) for contributing some ETH measurements, and Basil el Jundi (Marburg) for help with the Amira software. The study was supported in part by an EMBO short-term fellowship, an Emmy-Noether grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, WE2651/2-1,2) and the DFG collaborative research centre SFB1047 "Insect timing" (Project B2) to Christian Wegener, a Marie-Curie grant of the European Union to Matthias Vomel and R. Elwyn Isaac, and was realized in part in the frames of TAMOP 4.2.4. A/2-11-1-2012-0001 "National Excellence Program-Elaborating and operating an inland student and researcher personal support system," subsidized by the European Union and co-financed by the European Social Fund (to Gergely Karsai and Edit Pollak). This publication was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the University of Wuerzburg in the funding programme Open Access Publishing. NR 88 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-5110 J9 FRONT NEURAL CIRCUIT JI Front. Neural Circuits PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 7 DI 10.3389/fncir.2013.00127 PG 22 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 206BT UT WOS:000323491800001 ER PT J AU Boudreau, BA Larson, TM Brown, DW Busman, M Roberts, ES Kendra, DF McQuade, KL AF Boudreau, Beth A. Larson, Troy M. Brown, Daren W. Busman, Mark Roberts, Ethan S. Kendra, David F. McQuade, Kristi L. TI Impact of temperature stress and validamycin A on compatible solutes and fumonisin production in F-verticillioides: Role of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fusarium verticillioides; Temperature stress; Compatible solutes; Trehalose; Fumonisin; Validamycin A ID FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; GIBBERELLA-FUJIKUROI; TREHALOSE SYNTHESIS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GLYCOGEN-PHOSPHORYLASE; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; PLANT INFECTION AB Fusarium verticillioides is a pathogen of maize that causes root, stalk and ear rot and produces fumonisins, toxic secondary metabolites associated with disease in livestock and humans. Environmental stresses such as heat and drought influence disease severity and toxin production, but the effects of abiotic stress on compatible solute production by F. verticillioides have not been fully characterized. We found that decreasing the growth temperature leads to a long-term reduction in polyol levels, whereas increasing the temperature leads to a transient increase in polyols. The effects of temperature shifts on trehalose levels are opposite the effects on polyols and more dramatic. Treatment with validamycin A, a trehalose analog with antifungal activity, leads to a rapid reduction in trehalose levels, despite its known role as a trehalase inhibitor. Mutant strains lacking TPS1, which encodes a putative trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, have altered growth characteristics, do not produce detectable amounts of trehalose under any condition tested, and accumulate glycogen at levels significantly higher than wild-type F. verticillioides. TPS1 mutants also produce significantly less fumonisin than wild type and are also less pathogenic than wild type on maize. These data link trehalose biosynthesis, secondary metabolism, and disease, and suggest that trehalose metabolic pathways may be a viable target for the control of Fusarium diseases and fumonisin contamination of maize. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Boudreau, Beth A.; Roberts, Ethan S.; McQuade, Kristi L.] Bradley Univ, Mund Lagowski Dept Chem & Biochem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [Larson, Troy M.; Brown, Daren W.; Busman, Mark; Kendra, David F.] ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP McQuade, KL (reprint author), Bradley Univ, Mund Lagowski Dept Chem & Biochem, 1501 West Bradley Ave, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. EM mcquade@bradley.edu FU Bradley University Fund for Special Emphasis; Sherry Endowment for Collaborative Student/Faculty Projects FX We thank Doug Juvinall, Tina Khoury, Duncan Nall, and Chris McGovern for technical assistance. Support for this research was provided by the Bradley University Fund for Special Emphasis and the Sherry Endowment for Collaborative Student/Faculty Projects. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 77 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 50 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 57 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.06.001 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 203NC UT WOS:000323298900001 PM 23751979 ER PT J AU Cuevas, HE Prom, LK AF Cuevas, Hugo E. Prom, Louis K. TI Assessment of molecular diversity and population structure of the Ethiopian sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasm collection maintained by the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System using SSR markers SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Ethiopia; Genetic diversity; Genetic redundancy; Population structure; Sorghum bicolor ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION; CORE COLLECTION; QUALITATIVE CHARACTERS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; NORTH SHEWA; SOUTH WELO; ACCESSIONS; CLASSIFICATION AB The molecular diversity and population structure present in the Ethiopian sorghum collection maintained at the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) has not been studied. In addition, 83 % of the accessions in the Ethiopian collection lack passport information which has constrained their evaluation and utility. Therefore, 137 Ethiopian accessions from NPGS were randomly selected and characterized with 20 strategically selected simple sequence repeat markers. These markers indentified 289 alleles with average polymorphic information content of 0.78. The allele frequency distribution reflects that 62 % of the alleles were rare (< 0.05), 17 % range from 0.05 to 0.10, and 22 % were higher than 0.10. Expected and observed heterozygosity were estimated at 0.78 and 0.23, respectively, demonstrating Ethiopia has high sorghum genetic diversity germplasm. Population structure analysis indentified two subpopulations of 77 and 41 accessions, respectively, while a third group was constituted by 19 accessions whose classifications were not defined (i.e. hybrids). Analysis of molecular variances determined variation within subpopulations as the major source of variation. Likewise, genetic differentiation between subpopulations was moderate (F-st = 0.10). These results indicated that a continuous exchange of genes between subpopulations of sorghum exists in Ethiopia. The absence of a well defined population structure positioned this germplasm as an important resource for the study and dissection of agricultural traits by association mapping. However, genetic redundancy analysis indicated the presence of highly related accessions, therefore, strategic selected accessions must be consider prior to phenotype evaluation of larger number of accessions. The Ethiopian collection is composed of highly genetically diverse germplasm, and the genetic information presented herein is valuable to ex situ and in situ conservation programs to promote the use of this germplasm for breeding programs. C1 [Cuevas, Hugo E.] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Prom, Louis K.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Cuevas, HE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 PA Campos Ave Ste 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM hugo.cuevas@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 60 IS 6 BP 1817 EP 1830 DI 10.1007/s10722-013-9956-5 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 204NS UT WOS:000323374000004 ER PT J AU Pettis, JS Rose, R Lichtenberg, EM Chantawannakul, P Buawangpong, N Somana, W Sukumalanand, P Vanengelsdorp, D AF Pettis, Jeffery S. Rose, Robyn Lichtenberg, Elinor M. Chantawannakul, Panuwan Buawangpong, Ninat Somana, Weeraya Sukumalanand, Prachaval Vanengelsdorp, Dennis TI A Rapid Survey Technique for Tropilaelaps Mite (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) Detection SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tropilaelaps mite; surveillance; honey bee; screening protocols ID APIS-MELLIFERA COLONIES; VARROA-JACOBSONI OUD.; HONEY-BEES; MERCEDESAE; DORSATA; CLAREAE; LOSSES; ACARI; USA; TRANSMISSION AB Parasitic Tropilaelaps (Delfinado and Baker) mites are a damaging pest of European honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) in Asia. These mites represent a significant threat if introduced to other regions of the world, warranting implementation of Tropilaelaps mite surveillance in uninfested regions. Current Tropilaelaps mite-detection methods are unsuitable for efficient large scale screening. We developed and tested a new bump technique that consists of firmly rapping a honey bee brood frame over a collecting pan. Our method was easier to implement than current detection tests, reduced time spent in each apiary, and minimized brood destruction. This feasibility increase overcomes the test's decreased rate of detecting infested colonies (sensitivity; 36.3% for the bump test, 54.2% and 56.7% for the two most sensitive methods currently used in Asia). Considering this sensitivity, we suggest that screening programs sample seven colonies per apiary (independent of apiary size) and 312 randomly selected apiaries in a region to be 95% sure of detecting an incipient Tropilaelaps mite invasion. Further analyses counter the currently held view that Tropilaelaps mites prefer drone bee brood cells. Tropilaelaps mite infestation rate was 3.5 +/- 0.9% in drone brood and 5.7 +/- 0.6% in worker brood. We propose the bump test as a standard tool for monitoring of Tropilaelaps mite presence in regions thought to be free from infestation. However, regulators may favor the sensitivity of the Drop test (collecting mites that fall to the bottom of a hive on sticky boards) over the less time-intensive Bump test. C1 [Pettis, Jeffery S.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rose, Robyn] USDA APHIS, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. [Lichtenberg, Elinor M.; Vanengelsdorp, Dennis] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chantawannakul, Panuwan; Somana, Weeraya] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [Buawangpong, Ninat; Sukumalanand, Prachaval] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Agr Sci, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. RP Vanengelsdorp, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, 3136 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dennis.vanengelsdorp@gmail.com FU USDA-APHIS; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service Areawide Project on Bee Health FX We thank the beekeepers who permitted us to collect data in their apiaries: Manoong Jongwang, Songsern Kuntawong, Mali Noin, Nikom Pakum, Sudarat Phommachan, Prywan Tasai, Prasert Tunlapong, and Nirun Yungho. Robyn Underwood and two anonymous reviewers provided feedback. This project was funded by USDA-APHIS and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service Areawide Project on Bee Health. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1535 EP 1544 DI 10.1603/EC12339 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000003 PM 24020263 ER PT J AU Hallman, GJ Myers, SW El-Wakkad, MF Tadrous, MD Jessup, AJ AF Hallman, Guy J. Myers, Scott W. El-Wakkad, Mokhtar F. Tadrous, Meshil D. Jessup, Andrew J. TI Development of Phytosanitary Cold Treatments for Oranges Infested With Bactrocera invadens and Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) by Comparison With Existing Cold Treatment Schedules for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cold treatment; quarantine treatment; phytosanitary treatment; phytosanitation; peach fruit fly ID DISINFESTATION; STORAGE; TRYONI AB Phytosanitary cold treatments were tested for Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta, and White and Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) using comparisons with Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Oranges were infested by puncturing holes in the peel and allowing tephritids to oviposit in the holes. The treatments were initiated when the larvae reached late third instar because previous research had shown that stage to be the most cold tolerant for all three species. Results show that B. invadens is not more cold tolerant than C. capitata and B. zonata at 1.0 +/- 0.1 degrees C and lend support to the use of C. capitata cold treatment schedules for B. invadens. It cannot be concluded that B. zonata is not more cold tolerant than C. capitata. C1 [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Myers, Scott W.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [El-Wakkad, Mokhtar F.] Plant Protect Res Inst, Giza 12618, Egypt. [Tadrous, Meshil D.] Plant Quarantine, Port Said, Egypt. [Jessup, Andrew J.] IAEA, Food & Agr Org, Agr & Biotechnol Lab, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. RP Hallman, GJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM Guy.Hallman@ars.usda.gov RI Jessup, Andrew/B-2510-2016; OI Jessup, Andrew/0000-0003-2318-7835; Jessup, Andrew/0000-0002-0479-7489; Tadrous, Mina/0000-0003-1911-6129 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1608 EP 1612 DI 10.1603/EC13066 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000012 PM 24020272 ER PT J AU Liu, YB Liu, SS Simmons, G Walse, SS Myers, SW AF Liu, Yong-Biao Liu, Samuel S. Simmons, Gregory Walse, Spencer S. Myers, Scott W. TI Effects of Phosphine Fumigation on Survivorship of Epiphyas postvittana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Eggs SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phosphine; light brown apple moth; quarantine treatment; phytosanitary; postharvest pest control ID TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM HERBST; STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS; BROWN APPLE MOTH; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES; TOXICITY; OXYGEN; LETTUCE; ADULTS; RANGE AB Light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), eggs were subjected to phosphine fumigations under normal atmospheric and elevated oxygen levels in laboratory-scale chamber experiments to compare their susceptibilities to the two different fumigation methods. In fumigations conducted under atmospheric oxygen at 5 and 10 degrees C, egg survivorship decreased with increase in phosphine concentration but then increased at a concentration of 3,000 ppm; this increase was significant at 10 degrees C. Based on egg survivorship data, phosphine fumigations conducted in a 60% oxygen atmosphere were significantly more effective than those conducted under atmospheric oxygen conditions. Oxygenated phosphine fumigations at 5 and 10 degrees C killed all 1,998 and 2,213 E. postvittana eggs treated, respectively, after 72 h of exposure. These results indicate the great potential of oxygenated phosphine fumigation for the control of E. postvittana eggs. C1 [Liu, Yong-Biao; Liu, Samuel S.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Simmons, Gregory] APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Walse, Spencer S.] ARS, USDA, SJVASC, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Myers, Scott W.] APHIS, USDA, PPQ, CPHST, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. RP Liu, YB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM yongbiao.liu@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service and APHIS FX We would like to thank T. Greene, S. Kane, T. Masuda, and J. Wasson for technical assistance. We would also like to thank J. D. McCreight, L. G. Neven, and anonymous reviewers for comments and suggestions to the earlier versions of this manuscript. This study was supported in part by funding from U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service and APHIS. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1613 EP 1618 DI 10.1603/EC13050 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000013 PM 24020273 ER PT J AU Miller, DR Dodds, KJ Eglitis, A Fettig, CJ Hofstetter, RW Langor, DW Mayfield, AE Munson, AS Poland, TM Raffa, KF AF Miller, Daniel R. Dodds, Kevin J. Eglitis, Andy Fettig, Christopher J. Hofstetter, Richard W. Langor, David W. Mayfield, Albert E., III Munson, A. Steven Poland, Therese M. Raffa, Kenneth F. TI Trap Lure Blend of Pine Volatiles and Bark Beetle Pheromones for Monochamus spp. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Pine Forests of Canada and the United States SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alpha-pinene; ethanol; ipsenol; ipsdienol; kairomone ID FACULTATIVE INTRAGUILD PREDATION; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; PONDEROSA PINE; SAWYER BEETLE; TITILLATOR COLEOPTERA; LARVAE COLEOPTERA; ETHANOL SYNTHESIS; CHEMICAL ECOLOGY; WOOD NEMATODE; DOUGLAS-FIR AB In 2007-2008, we examined the flight responses of Monochamus titillator (F.) complex [M. titillator, Monochamus carolinensis (Olivier), and any possible hybrids], Monochamus scutellatus (Say), Monochamus clamator (LeConte), Monochamus obtusus Casey, and Monochamus mutator LeConte (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to multiple-funnel traps baited with and without host volatiles and bark beetle pheromones. Experiments were conducted in mature pine (Pinus) stands in Alberta (Canada), and Arkansas, Arizona, California, Florida, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, Utah, and Wisconsin (United States). At each location, traps were deployed in 10 replicate blocks of four traps per block. The trap treatments were: 1) blank control; 2) ipsenol and ipsdienol; 3) ethanol and alpha-pinene; and 4) a quaternary blend of ipsenol, ipsdienol, ethanol, and alpha-pinene. All five species or species complex of Monochamus preferred traps baited with the quaternary blend over all other treatments. The consistency of these results across such a large geographic area suggests that similar selection pressures may be acting on Monochamus spp. in pine forests, regardless of variation in stand composition and climatic conditions. Our results suggest that multiple-funnel traps baited with the quaternary blend of ipsenol, ipsdienol, ethanol, and alpha-pinene may be highly effective for monitoring various Monochamus spp. in pine forests of North America, and may have utility in trapping and detection programs in North America and overseas. C1 [Miller, Daniel R.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dodds, Kevin J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Eglitis, Andy] US Forest Serv, USDA, Bend, OR 97701 USA. [Fettig, Christopher J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Hofstetter, Richard W.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Langor, David W.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada. [Mayfield, Albert E., III] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Munson, A. Steven] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. [Poland, Therese M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Miller, DR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dmiller03@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service; Special Technology and Development Program (STDP) [R8D2006-01] FX Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Forest Service, in part by a grant (R8D2006-01) from the Special Technology and Development Program (STDP). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 68 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 35 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1684 EP 1692 DI 10.1603/EC13061 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000022 PM 24020282 ER PT J AU Maner, ML Hanula, JL Braman, SK AF Maner, M. Lake Hanula, James L. Braman, S. Kristine TI Evaluation of Screen Barriers on Redbay Trees to Protect Them From Xyleborus glabratus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and Distribution of Initial Attacks in Relation to Stem Moisture Content, Diameter, and Height SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE laurel wilt; Raffaelea lauricola; Persea borbonia; redbay ambrosia beetle ID TRAP HEIGHT; BEETLE; FLIGHT; WILT; CAPTURES; ETHANOL AB Fine mesh screen was used to create a physical barrier to prevent redbay ambrosia beetles, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), from accessing various parts of the boles of redbay trees, Persea borbonia (L.) Sprengel, and infecting them with the laurel wilt fungus, Raffaelea lauricola (T.C. Harrington, Fraedrich, & Aghayeva). Screen barriers prevented beetles from attacking boles of mature redbay trees from the ground to 1 or to 3 m and from 1 to 3 m above ground. Untreated control trees were sampled more extensively to determine how location of initial attacks varied with height, diameter, and moisture content of the wood. Screening did not affect tree survival, and all of the trees died within 243 d from the beginning of observation. Initial points of attack by X. glabratus varied from ground level to heights of at least 6.6 m. Trees showed characteristic laurel wilt symptoms with as few as two X. glabratus entry points. The number of attacks exhibited nonlinear relationships with diameter (P = 0.0004; r(2) = 0.82) and height (P = 0.0013; r(2) = 0.69) but were not correlated with moisture content. Attacks increased gradually with increasing stem diameter up to approximate to 10 cm after which the attacks became more numerous. X. glabratus attacks were most numerous on the tree bole near the ground. Attacks then declined as tree height reached 2-3 m. From 3 to 8 m, attacks were relatively consistent. C1 [Maner, M. Lake] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hanula, James L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. [Braman, S. Kristine] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Hanula, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA USA. EM jhanula@fs.fed.us NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1693 EP 1698 DI 10.1603/EC13125 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000023 PM 24020283 ER PT J AU Reding, ME Ranger, CM Oliver, JB Schultz, PB AF Reding, Michael E. Ranger, Christopher M. Oliver, Jason B. Schultz, Peter B. TI Monitoring Attack and Flight Activity of Xylosandrus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae): The Influence of Temperature on Activity SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bottle trap; trap tree; forecasting activity; phenological indicator; ambrosia beetle ID ETHANOL-BAITED TRAPS; AMBROSIA BEETLES; PHENOLOGICAL INDICATORS; ORNAMENTAL NURSERIES; GERMANUS COLEOPTERA; PRIMARY ATTRACTANT; HOST-SELECTION; BARK BEETLES; STRESS; MANAGEMENT AB Wood-boring ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), including Xylosandrus spp., are key pests in ornamental nurseries. Knowledge of their activity in spring is important for nursery growers to effectively time their protective sprays. We measured the reliability of ethanol-baited bottle traps for monitoring emergence of overwintered Xylosandrus spp. in ornamental nurseries. Detection of initial flight activity by traps was compared with initial attacks on ethanol-injected trap trees. To develop tools for forecasting Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) activity, the relationships between temperature and their attack and flight activity were examined, and the bloom sequence of ornamental plants was examined as phenological indicators of X. germanus emergence in Ohio. Captures of X. germanus coincided with attacks on trap trees on seven of eight occasions over 2 yr in four nurseries. Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motshulsky) were detected in only one nursery and captures coincided with attacks each year. There was a strong relationship between maximum daily temperatures 20 and 21 degrees C and X. germanus attack and flight activity. No attack or flight activity were detected in a monitoring period unless there were 1 or 2 d of at least 20 degrees C. Emergence of X. germanus always began after and within 6 d of full bloom on Cornelian cherry dogwood, and usually after and within 4 d of first bloom on Norway maple and full bloom on border forsythia. The traps or phenological indicators can be used by growers to monitor emergence of X. germanus to time their initial protective sprays. The relationship between X. germanus activity and temperature can be used by growers to make decisions on timing subsequent treatments. C1 [Reding, Michael E.; Ranger, Christopher M.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Hort Insects Res Grp, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Oliver, Jason B.] Tennessee State Univ, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, Coll Agr Human & Nat Sci, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. [Schultz, Peter B.] Virginia Tech Univ, Hampton Rd Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 USA. RP Reding, ME (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Hort Insects Res Grp, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mike.reding@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative; ARS (National Program 304-Crop Protection and Quarantine) [3607-22000-012-00D] FX We thank Betsy Anderson U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Services (USDA-ARS) for her assistance with ambrosia beetle identifications. This research was supported by funding from the USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative and base funds associated with ARS research project 3607-22000-012-00D (National Program 304-Crop Protection and Quarantine). NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 21 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1780 EP 1787 DI 10.1603/EC13134 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000033 PM 24020293 ER PT J AU Sehgal, B Subramanyam, B Arthur, FH Gill, BS AF Sehgal, Blossom Subramanyam, Bhadriraju Arthur, Frank H. Gill, Bikram S. TI Variation in Susceptibility of Field Strains of Three Stored Grain Insect Species to Spinosad and Chlorpyrifos-Methyl Plus Deltamethrin on Hard Red Winter Wheat SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE stored-grain insects; spinosad; chlorpyrifos-methyl plus deltamethrin; field strains; mortality ID RHYZOPERTHA-DOMINICA COLEOPTERA; PRODUCT INSECTS; PIRIMIPHOS-METHYL; DELAYED MORTALITY; SHORT EXPOSURES; L. COLEOPTERA; TREATED WHEAT; F COLEOPTERA; FLOUR BEETLE; RESISTANCE AB Spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl plus deltamethrin efficacy at labeled rates on hard red winter wheat were evaluated against 11 field strains of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst); six strains of the sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.); and two strains of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), collected mostly from farm-stored grain in Kansas. Adults were exposed to wheat treated with spinosad at 1 mg(active ingredient)/kg or chlorpyrifos-methyl plus deltamethrin at three plus 0.5 mg(active ingredient)/kg. Adult mortality was assessed after 7 and 14 d and progeny production after 42 d. Spinosad did not provide complete mortality or progeny suppression of T. castaneum and O. surinamensis field strains, but was effective against R. dominica strains. Chlorpyrifos-methyl plus deltamethrin produced complete mortality and progeny suppression of field strains all three species. The two least susceptible T. castaneum and O. surinamensis strains and the two R. dominica strains were chosen for dose-response tests only with spinosad. The LD99 values for T. castaneum and R. dominica field strains were similar to that of the corresponding laboratory strains. Corresponding values for the two O. surinamensis field strains were significantly greater (approximate to 6 times) than the laboratory strain. The effective dose for progeny reduction (ED99) of only one R. dominica field strain was significantly greater (approximate to 2 times) than the laboratory strain. The baseline susceptibility data of field strains of three insect species to spinosad will be useful for monitoring resistance development when this product is commercially released as a grain protectant. C1 [Sehgal, Blossom; Subramanyam, Bhadriraju] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Arthur, Frank H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4024, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Subramanyam, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, 201 Shellenberger Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM sbhadrir@ksu.edu FU Bayer CropScience (Research Triangle Park, NC) FX We acknowledge Bayer CropScience (Research Triangle Park, NC) for providing the insecticides and financial support. We are grateful to Kansas producers and to a rice-processing facility supervisor for allowing us to collect field strains of insects. We thank Mukti Ghimire, Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, for help in collection of Kansas field strains, and James Campbell, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Services, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, for providing four T. castaneum and one R. dominica strains collected from flour mills. Christos Athanassiou provided constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This article is contribution number 13-215-J of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 21 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1911 EP 1919 DI 10.1603/EC13083 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000050 PM 24020310 ER PT J AU Chaudhury, MF Skoda, SR AF Chaudhury, M. F. Skoda, S. R. TI An Artificial Diet for Rearing Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carrion; forensic entomology; myiasis; secondary screwworm; spray-dried blood ID SCREWWORM DIPTERA; LARVAL DIET; GELLING AGENT; GELLED MEDIA; TEMPERATURE AB Larvae of the secondary screwworm, Cochliomyia macellaria (F.), feed on carrion and may sometimes cause animal myiasis. They have been reared in the laboratory on various animal tissues to study their growth and development because of their importance in forensic science. We use secondary screwworms in our laboratory for preliminary experiments as a model for the primary screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), which has been eradicated from the United States. C. macellaria larvae reared on animal tissues produced a putrid odor, an unfavorable condition in the laboratory, and variable pupal size and weight, bringing into question the validity of use as a model for C. hominivorax. Therefore, studies were conducted to develop a less odiferous artificial diet with reduced variability in resulting pupae by comparing three diets: 1) an artificial diet prepared from spray-dried blood, spray-dried poultry egg, dry milk substitute, and solidified with a polyacrylate polymer gel; 2) a fresh blood-based diet prepared similarly, except fresh bovine blood was used in place of spray-dried blood; and 3) a beef liver diet. Data from seven life-history parameters of resulting insects were collected and analyzed. Larval and pupal weights of C. macellaria reared on both the dry and fresh blood-based diets were significantly higher than those reared on the liver diet. Numbers of pupae and percentage of adult emergence were also significantly higher from both dry blood and fresh blood-based diets than those reared on the liver diet. Female flies developing from larvae reared on dry and fresh blood-based diets laid significantly more eggs than females developing from larvae reared on the liver diet. Results show that C. macellaria larvae developed and grew normally in the dry and fresh blood-based diets, indicating that an artificial diet can effectively replace the liver diet commonly used for rearing C. macellaria. C1 [Chaudhury, M. F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Screwworm Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Skoda, S. R.] USDA ARS, Screwworm Res Unit, KBUSLIRL, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Chaudhury, MF (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Screwworm Res Unit, 109 C Entomol Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM muhammad.chaudhury@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 106 IS 4 BP 1927 EP 1931 DI 10.1603/EC12361 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 200BY UT WOS:000323043000052 PM 24020312 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Tilahun, G Boyle, JP Schares, G Verma, SK Ferreira, LR Oliveira, S Tiao, N Darrington, C Gebreyes, WA AF Dubey, J. P. Tilahun, G. Boyle, J. P. Schares, G. Verma, S. K. Ferreira, L. R. Oliveira, S. Tiao, N. Darrington, C. Gebreyes, W. A. TI MOLECULAR AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FIRST ISOLATES OF HAMMONDIA HAMMONDI FROM CATS FROM ETHIOPIA SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII OOCYSTS; INTERMEDIATE HOST; DIFFERENTIATION; IMMUNITY; FECES AB Toxoplasma gondii oocysts are morphologically and antigenically similar to oocysts of another feline coccidian, Hammondia hammondi. The distinction between H. hammondi and T. gondii is important from an epidemiological perspective because all isolates of T. gondii are potentially pathogenic for humans and animals, whereas H. hammondi is not known to cause clinical disease in any naturally infected intermediate or definitive hosts. In the present report, H. hammondi (designated HhCatEt1 and HhCatEt2) oocysts were found microscopically in the feces of 2 of 36 feral domestic cats (Felis catus) from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Oocysts were orally infective to Swiss Webster and gamma interferon gene knockout mice; the inoculated mice developed tissue cysts in their muscles. Laboratory-raised cats fed mouse tissues of infected mice shed H. hammondi oocysts with a prepatent period of 5 days. The DNA extracted from sporulated oocysts reacted with H. hammondi specific primers, and sequences were deposited in GenBank (accession nos. JX477424, and KC223619). This is the first report of isolation of H. hammondi from cats from the African continent. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Tilahun, G.; Boyle, J. P.; Schares, G.; Verma, S. K.; Ferreira, L. R.; Oliveira, S.; Tiao, N.; Darrington, C.; Gebreyes, W. A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), Univ Addis Ababa, Aklilu Lemma Inst Pathobiol, POB 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Oliveira , Solange/B-7544-2014; OI Schares, Gereon/0000-0002-3217-289X NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 99 IS 4 BP 614 EP 618 DI 10.1645/12-51.1 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 197BG UT WOS:000322821900006 PM 23517380 ER PT J AU Tilahun, G Tiao, N Ferreira, LR Choudhary, S Oliveira, S Verma, SK Kwok, OCH Molla, B Saville, WJA Medhin, G Kassa, T Aleme, H Gebreyes, WA Su, C Dubey, JP AF Tilahun, G. Tiao, N. Ferreira, L. R. Choudhary, S. Oliveira, S. Verma, S. K. Kwok, O. C. H. Molla, B. Saville, W. J. A. Medhin, G. Kassa, T. Aleme, H. Gebreyes, W. A. Su, C. Dubey, J. P. TI Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii from Free-Range Chickens (Gallus domesticus) from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) is a good indicator of the environmental contamination with oocysts because chickens become infected mainly by feeding from ground, feed, or soil contaminated with oocysts. The seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies in 125 free-range chickens from the Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, was determined. Antibodies to T. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test; 48 of 125 (38.4%) chickens were seropositive, with titers of 1:5 in 14, 1:10 in 12, 1:20 in 14, 1:40 in 3, 1:80 in 1, 1:160 in 1, 1:320 in 1, and >= 1:640 in 2 chickens. The hearts of 115 chickens were bioassayed for T. gondii infection. Hearts of 72 seronegative (modified agglutination test [MAT] < 1:5) chickens were pooled in 4 groups (20 + 18 + 19 + 15) and fed to 4 T. gondii-free cats; none of these 4 cats shed oocysts in their feces examined 3-21 days after feeding chicken tissues. Hearts of 43 seropositive chickens (MAT >= 1:5) were bioassayed individually in mice. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from only 1 chicken, with a MAT titer of 1:80. This isolate was designated TgCKEt1 and was not pathogenic for outbred mice. Restricted fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping using 10 loci indicated the TgCKEt1 was ToxoDB polymerase chain reaction-RFLP genotype #1 (Type II clonal). Results of this study indicate very low environmental contamination with T. gondii oocysts around Addis Ababa. C1 [Tilahun, G.; Medhin, G.; Kassa, T.; Aleme, H.] Univ Addis Ababa, Aklilu Lemma Inst Pathobiol, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Tiao, N.; Molla, B.; Saville, W. J. A.; Gebreyes, W. A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ferreira, L. R.; Choudhary, S.; Oliveira, S.; Verma, S. K.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013; Oliveira , Solange/B-7544-2014 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108; NR 9 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 99 IS 4 BP 740 EP 741 DI 10.1645/12-25.1 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 197BG UT WOS:000322821900030 PM 23259902 ER PT J AU Song, M Schuschke, DA Zhou, ZX Chen, T Shi, X Zhang, JY Zhang, X Pierce, WM Johnson, WT Vos, MB McClain, CJ AF Song, Ming Schuschke, Dale A. Zhou, Zhanxiang Chen, Theresa Shi, Xue Zhang, Jiayuan Zhang, Xiang Pierce, William M., Jr. Johnson, W. Thomas Vos, Miriam B. McClain, Craig J. TI Modest Fructose Beverage Intake Causes Liver Injury and Fat Accumulation in Marginal Copper Deficient Rats SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTOR; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; DIETARY FRUCTOSE; CORN SYRUP; DISEASE; IRON; CONSUMPTION; ABSORPTION; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; OBESITY AB Objective: Dietary fructose and copper interaction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In this study, whether or not modest fructose consumption (3% fructose, w/v) (which is more closely related to the American lifestyle with regard to sugar beverage consumption) affects copper status, and causes liver injury and fat accumulation in marginal copper deficient rats was investigated. Design and Methods: Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either an adequate copper (6ppm) or a marginally copper deficient (1.6ppm) diet for 4 weeks. Deionized water or deionized water containing 3% fructose (w/v) was given ad lib. Results: Modest fructose consumption further impaired copper status in the marginal copper deficient rats and increased hepatic iron accumulation. Liver injury and fat accumulation were significantly induced in the marginal copper deficient rats exposed to fructose. Conclusions: Our data suggest that modest fructose consumption can impair copper status and lead to hepatic iron overload, which in turn, may lead to liver injury and fatty liver in marginal copper deficient rats. This study provides important information on dietary fructose and copper interaction, suggesting that dietary fructose-induced low copper availability might be an important mechanism underlying fructose-induced fatty liver. C1 [Song, Ming; McClain, Craig J.] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Schuschke, Dale A.] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Shi, Xue; Zhang, Jiayuan; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Chem, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Song, Ming; Chen, Theresa] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Alcohol Res Ctr, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [McClain, Craig J.] Robley Rex Louisville Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Louisville, KY USA. [Zhou, Zhanxiang] Univ North Carolina Greensboro, Dept Nutr, Kannapolis, NC USA. [Johnson, W. Thomas] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Vos, Miriam B.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vos, Miriam B.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McClain, CJ (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. EM cjmccl01@louisville.edu RI shi, xue/N-6907-2015 OI shi, xue/0000-0003-2040-7425 FU National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [RO1AA015970, PO1AA017103, R37AA010762, RO1AA018869, RC2AA019385, P30AA019360, R01AA018016, RO1AA014623, RO1AA016013, RO1AA018844]; Veterans Administration; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK-055030, RO1DK071765]; UofL Clinical and Translational Sciences Pilots FX This study was supported in part by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Grants RO1AA015970, PO1AA017103, R37AA010762, RO1AA018869, RC2AA019385, P30AA019360, R01AA018016(C.J.M.), RO1AA014623, RO1AA016013, RO1AA018844 (Z.Z.); the Veterans Administration (C.J.M.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases DK-055030 (D. A. S.), RO1DK071765 (C.J.M.), and UofL Clinical and Translational Sciences Pilots, "High fructose feeding induces copper deficiency: A novel mechanism for obesity related hyperlipidemia and fatty liver" (C.J.M.). NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD AUG PY 2013 VL 21 IS 8 BP 1669 EP 1675 DI 10.1002/oby.20380 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 206LE UT WOS:000323521500025 PM 23512597 ER PT J AU El-Kadi, SW Gazzaneo, MC Suryawan, A Orellana, RA Torrazza, RM Srivastava, N Kimball, SR Nguyen, HV Fiorotto, ML Davis, TA AF El-Kadi, Samer W. Gazzaneo, Maria C. Suryawan, Agus Orellana, Renan A. Torrazza, Roberto Murgas Srivastava, Neeraj Kimball, Scot R. Nguyen, Hanh V. Fiorotto, Marta L. Davis, Teresa A. TI Viscera and muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs is increased more by intermittent bolus than by continuous feeding SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; INITIATION-FACTOR ACTIVATION; MESSENGER-RNA TRANSLATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; AMINO-ACIDS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; DIETARY-PROTEIN; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION; INSULIN; GROWTH AB BACKGROUND: Continuous and intermittent bolus orogastric feedings are strategies used in infants unable to tolerate normal feeds. METHODS: To determine the effects of feeding modality on protein synthesis in different tissues, neonatal pigs received a balanced formula by orogastric tube as an intermittent bolus feed every 4h or as a continuous infusion, or were fasted overnight. RESULTS: As compared with fasting, protein synthesis in gastrocnemius, masseter, and soleus muscles; left ventricle; liver; pancreas; jejunum; and kidney increased in bolus- and continuously fed pigs, but the greatest increase occurred after a bolus meal. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC2), the proline-rich AKT substrate of 40 kDa (PRAS40), eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E binding protein (4EBP1), and ribosomal protein 56 kinase 1 (S6K1) phosphorylation in all tissues, and the proportion of ribosomal protein S4 in liver polysomes were enhanced 90 min following the bolus meal but not immediately before the meal or during continuous feeding. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) and eIF2 alpha phosphorylation were unaffected by feeding. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that intermittent bolus feeding increases protein synthesis in muscles of different fiber types and visceral tissues to a greater extent than continuous feeding by stimulating translation initiation. C1 [El-Kadi, Samer W.; Gazzaneo, Maria C.; Suryawan, Agus; Orellana, Renan A.; Torrazza, Roberto Murgas; Srivastava, Neeraj; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Fiorotto, Marta L.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kimball, Scot R.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Hershey, PA USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01 AR44474]; U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [6250-510000-055] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant R01 AR44474 and U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service grant 6250-510000-055. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 74 IS 2 BP 154 EP 162 DI 10.1038/pr.2013.89 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 200QC UT WOS:000323083000008 PM 23736770 ER PT J AU Fang, B Lakshmi, V Bindlish, R Jackson, TJ Cosh, M Basara, J AF Fang, Bin Lakshmi, Venkat Bindlish, Rajat Jackson, Thomas J. Cosh, Michael Basara, Jeffrey TI Passive Microwave Soil Moisture Downscaling Using Vegetation Index and Skin Surface Temperature SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; LAND-SURFACE; AMSR-E; MONITORING VEGETATION; HYDROLOGY EXPERIMENT; SCANNING RADIOMETER; UNITED-STATES; MODIS; VALIDATION AB Soil moisture satellite estimates are available from a variety of passive microwave satellite sensors, but their spatial resolution is frequently too coarse for use by land managers and other decision makers. In this paper, a soil moisture downscaling algorithm based on a regression relationship between daily temperature changes and daily average soil moisture is developed and presented to produce an enhanced spatial resolution soil moisture product. The algorithm was developed based on the thermal inertial relationship between daily temperature changes and averaged soil moisture under different vegetation conditions, using 1/8 degrees spatial resolution North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) surface temperature and soil moisture data, as well as 5-km Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) (1981-2000) and 1-km Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and surface temperature (2002-present) to build the look-up table at 1/8 degrees resolution. This algorithm was applied to the 1-km MODIS land surface temperature to obtain the downscaled soil moisture estimates and then used to correct the soil moisture products from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E). The 1-km downscaled soil moisture maps display greater details on the spatial pattern of soil moisture distribution. Two sets of ground-based measurements, the Oklahoma Mesonet and the Little Washita Micronet, were used to validate the algorithm. The overall averaged slope for 1-km downscaled results vs. Mesonet data is 0.219, which is better than AMSR-E and NLDAS, while the spatial standard deviation (0.054 m(3) m(-3)) and unbiased RMSE (0.042 m(3) m(-3)) of 1-km downscaled results are similar to the other two datasets. The overall slope and spatial standard deviation for 1-km downscaled results vs. Micronet data (0.242 and 0.021 m(3) m(-3), respectively) are significantly better than AMSR-E and NLDAS, while the unbiased RMSE (0.026 m(3) m(-3)) is better than NLDAS and further than AMSR-E. In addition, Mesonet comparisons of all three soil moisture datasets demonstrate a stronger statistical significance than Micronet comparisons, and the p value of 1-km downscaled is generally better than the other two soil moisture datasets. The results demonstrate that the AMSR-E soil moisture was successfully disaggregated to 1 km. The enhanced spatial heterogeneity and the accuracy of the soil moisture estimates are superior to the AMSR-E and NLDAS estimates, when compared with in situ observations. C1 [Fang, Bin; Lakshmi, Venkat] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Bindlish, Rajat; Jackson, Thomas J.; Cosh, Michael] USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Basara, Jeffrey] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA. RP Fang, B (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM bfang@geol.sc.edu RI Basara, Jeffrey/A-4907-2008; Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015 OI Basara, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2096-6844; Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918 FU NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program FX We (Lakshmi and Fang) acknowledge the support of the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program (Manager Jared Entin) in carrying out this research. NR 65 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 32 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 12 IS 3 DI 10.2136/vzj2013.05.0089 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 201RV UT WOS:000323161600023 ER PT J AU Gowda, PH Howell, TA Paul, G Colaizzi, PD Marek, TH Su, B Copeland, KS AF Gowda, Prasanna H. Howell, Terry A. Paul, George Colaizzi, Paul D. Marek, Thomas H. Su, Bob Copeland, Karen S. TI Deriving Hourly Evapotranspiration Rates with SEBS: A Lysimetric Evaluation SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; LEAF-AREA INDEX; MAPPING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; LAND SURFACES; SYSTEM SEBS; REMOTE ESTIMATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; ASTER IMAGERY; LOCAL-SCALE; FLUXES AB Numerous energy balance (EB) algorithms have been developed to use remote sensing data for mapping evapotranspiration (ET) on a regional basis. Adopting any single or combination of these models for an operational ET remote sensing program requires a thorough evaluation. The Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS) was evaluated for its ability to estimate hourly ET rates of summer tall and short crops grown in the Texas High Plains by using 15 Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scenes acquired during 2006 to 2009. Performance of SEBS was evaluated by comparing estimated hourly ET values with measured ET data from four large weighing lysimeters, each located at the center of a 4.3 ha field in the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory in Bushland, TX. The performance of SEBS in estimating hourly ET was good for crops under both irrigated and dryland conditions. A locally derived, surface albedo-based soil heat flux (G) model further improved the G estimates. Root mean square error and mean bias error were 0.11 and -0.005 mm h(-1), respectively, and the Nash-Sutcliff model efficiency was 0.85 between the measured and calculated hourly ET. Considering the equal or better performance with a minimal amount of ancillary data as compared to with other EB algorithms, SEBS is a promising tool for use in an operational ET remote sensing program in the semiarid Texas High Plains. However, thorough sensitivity and error propagation analyses of input variables to quantify their impact on ET estimations for the major crops in the Texas High Plains under different agro-climatological conditions are needed before adopting the SEBS into operational ET remote sensing programs for irrigation scheduling or other purposes. C1 [Gowda, Prasanna H.; Howell, Terry A.; Colaizzi, Paul D.; Copeland, Karen S.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Paul, George] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Marek, Thomas H.] Texas AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79016 USA. [Su, Bob] Univ Twente, Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RP Gowda, PH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM Prasanna.Gowda@ars.usda.gov NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 12 IS 3 DI 10.2136/vzj2012.0110 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 201RV UT WOS:000323161600031 ER PT J AU Guadagnini, A Martinez, FS Pachepsky, YA AF Guadagnini, Alberto San Jose Martinez, Fernando Pachepsky, Yakov A. TI Scaling in Soil and Other Complex Porous Media SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS AB Scaling remains one of the most challenging topics in earth and environmental sciences, forming a basis for our understanding of process development across the multiple scales that make up the subsurface environment. Tremendous progress has been made in discovery, explanation, and applications of scaling. And yet much more needs to be done and is being done as part of the modern quest to quantify, analyze, and manage the complexity of natural systems. Understanding and succinct representation of scaling properties can unveil underlying relationships between system structure and response functions, improve parameterization of natural variability and heterogeneity, and help us address societal needs by effectively merging knowledge acquired at different scales. C1 [Guadagnini, Alberto] Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Ingn Civile & Ambientale, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [San Jose Martinez, Fernando] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [San Jose Martinez, Fernando] Univ Politecn Madrid, Dep Appl Mathemat Agr Engn, ETSI Agron, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Pachepsky, Yakov A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov RI San Jose Martinez, Fernando/H-9119-2015; OI San Jose Martinez, Fernando/0000-0002-6352-2530; Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 12 IS 3 DI 10.2136/vzj2013.05.0092 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 201RV UT WOS:000323161600035 ER PT J AU Mohanty, BP Cosh, M Lakshmi, V Montzka, C AF Mohanty, Binayak P. Cosh, Michael Lakshmi, Venkat Montzka, Carsten TI Remote Sensing for Vadose Zone Hydrology-A Synthesis from the Vantage Point SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; SOIL-MOISTURE; MICROWAVE EMISSION; MODEL; ALGORITHM; RETRIEVAL; FLUXES; SENSOR AB Ground-based, air-borne, and space-borne remote sensing techniques have evolved over the past several decades and provided many new techniques for estimating various land surface attributes at multiple scales related to mass and energy dynamics. The vadose zone, encompassing land surface, root zone, and the deeper soil profile down to the groundwater table, is a complex domain, particularly related to various hydrologic and biological processes across different scales. In this zone, spatial distributions and temporal dynamics of soil moisture and evapotranspiration (ET), including their interdependence, are critical to climate feedback, hydrology, and plant canopy health. Their temporal and spatial variability across catchments affect surface and subsurface runoff, modulates evaporation and transpiration, determines the extent of groundwater recharge and contaminant transport, and initiates or sustains feedback between the land surface and the atmosphere. With the recent development and deployment of various remote sensing platforms working with different techniques such as optical, microwave, gravitational, infrared, and other sensors, improved temporal and spatial measurement or estimates of soil moisture, evapotranspiration, soil hydraulic parameters, soil salinity, and vegetation attributes are possible. In this special section "Remote Sensing for Vadose Zone Hydrology," 14 contributions on fundamental and applied studies using different remote sensing platforms, including satellite retrieval algorithm development, data assimilation techniques, scaling issues, ground validation, and field applications in the context of vadose zone hydrology are presented. The foci of these papers range across root zone soil moisture retrieval and variability, evapotranspiration dynamics and distribution, agricultural water management, soil hydraulic and mechanical property estimation, ecosystems assessment, land-atmosphere interaction, and land surface hazard assessment. Here we organized the summary of these papers in four overlapping sections including (i) estimation, variability, scaling, and data assimilation of soil moisture by microwave remote sensing; (ii) estimating evapotranspiration by remote sensing and water management applications; (iii) estimating vadose zone properties by remote sensing; and (iv) ground-based soil moisture for calibration and validation of microwave remote sensing. C1 [Mohanty, Binayak P.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cosh, Michael] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lakshmi, Venkat] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC USA. [Montzka, Carsten] Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Mohanty, BP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM bmohanty@tamu.edu RI Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015; OI Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918; Montzka, Carsten/0000-0003-0812-8570 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 34 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 12 IS 3 DI 10.2136/vzj2013.07.0128 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 201RV UT WOS:000323161600013 ER PT J AU Spurlock, F Johnson, B Tuli, A Gao, SD Tao, J Sartori, F Qin, RJ Sullivan, D Stanghellini, M Ajwa, H AF Spurlock, Frank Johnson, Bruce Tuli, Atac Gao, Suduan Tao, Jing Sartori, Fabio Qin, Ruijun Sullivan, David Stanghellini, Mike Ajwa, Husein TI Simulation of Fumigant Transport and Volatilization from Tarped Broadcast Applications SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DRIP IRRIGATION; VAPOR SAFE; SOIL; MODEL; FIELD; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; DISTRIBUTIONS; PERMEABILITY; EMISSIONS; RATES AB We evaluated the ability of the HYDRUS 2D/3D model to simulate chloropicrin (CP) and 1,3-dichloropropene (13D) fate, transport, and volatilization. Three fields with similar soil conditions were broadcast fumigated under a totally impermeable film (TIF). One field was used to calibrate HYDRUS by adjusting fumigant degradation rates, soil sorption coefficients, and TIF tarp resistance factors. In comparisons of simulated and measured soil gas concentrations, soil temperature, soil water contents, and inverse-modeled estimates of fumigant volatilization flux, the model accurately simulated the basic individual processes of fumigant partitioning and degradation, heat transport, and soil water dynamics in the calibration field. Subsequent flux simulations of the remaining two fields were performed using only measured, independently estimated or calibrated inputs with no further adjustments. The magnitudes of simulated cumulative fluxes and both pre- and post-tarpcut discrete flux densities were within the estimated range of uncertainty (factor of similar to 2) of conventional inverse-modeled field-based flux estimates. However, the timing of maximum discrete flux densities was delayed by 1 to 2 d relative to inverse-modeled estimates. While HYDRUS provided reasonably accurate flux estimates, it was also evident that parameterization, particularly for TIF tarp permeability properties, generally requires field-based calibration because of a lack of representative field effective permeability data. C1 [Spurlock, Frank; Johnson, Bruce; Tuli, Atac; Tao, Jing; Sartori, Fabio] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Dep Pesticide Regulat, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. [Gao, Suduan; Qin, Ruijun] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Sullivan, David] Sullivan Environm Consulting Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Stanghellini, Mike] TriCal Inc, Hollister, CA 95023 USA. [Ajwa, Husein] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Spurlock, F (reprint author), Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Dep Pesticide Regulat, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. EM fcspurlock@cdpr.ca.gov NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 12 IS 3 DI 10.2136/vzj2013.03.0056 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 201RV UT WOS:000323161600041 ER PT J AU Zhang, HH Wang, D AF Zhang, Huihui Wang, Dong TI Management of Postharvest Deficit Irrigation of Peach Trees Using Infrared Canopy Temperature SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WATER-STRESS; FRUIT-QUALITY; GROWTH; YIELD; THERMOMETRY; REGIMES; FURROW; SINGLE; SOILS; DRIP AB Remotely sensed canopy temperature from infrared thermometer (IRT) sensors is an effective tool for detecting plant water stress. Deficit irrigation, where the plants receive less than full irrigations and come under water stress at certain growth stages, can be used to help alleviate water shortage in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Thus, new irrigation scheduling procedures need to be developed. A field study was conducted from 2009 to 2011 to evaluate the performance of using midday infrared canopy to air temperature difference (Delta T) to manage postharvest deficit irrigation of early season peach trees. Threshold values of Delta T were selected, based on previous years' stem water potential and Delta T measurements, for four irrigation treatments: Furrow and surface drip irrigation with or without postharvest water stress. A wired network of 12 IRT sensors was installed above the orchard for canopy temperature measurement. Soil water content and stem water potential were also monitored weekly for each treatment. In both growing seasons (2009-2010 and 2010-2011), the measured Delta T values showed consistent differences among treatments, which correlated to both soil water content (R-2 approximate to 0.47-0.53) and stem water potential readings (R-2 approximate to 0.46-0.65). The relationship between fruit mass and postharvest irrigation amount indicated that up to 53% water savings could be achieved without impacting fruit size. The study demonstrated that infrared canopy temperature measured from above the tree top can potentially be used for managing deficit irrigation in peach and possibly other tree crops. Additional research is needed to further validate this approach. C1 [Zhang, Huihui; Wang, Dong] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Zhang, HH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM huihui.zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 18 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 12 IS 3 DI 10.2136/vzj2012.0093 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 201RV UT WOS:000323161600017 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Carrillo, J Siemann, E Wheeler, GS Zhu, L Gu, X Ding, JQ AF Wang, Yi Carrillo, Juli Siemann, Evan Wheeler, Gregory S. Zhu, Lin Gu, Xue Ding, Jianqing TI Specificity of extrafloral nectar induction by herbivores differs among native and invasive populations of tallow tree SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Constitutive and inducible defences; extrafloral nectar; EFN; juvenile plants; invasion ecology; specialists; generalists; tallow tree; Triadica sebifera; caterpillars; Noctuidae; Limacodidae ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; TRIADICA-SEBIFERA; SAPIUM-SEBIFERUM; INDIRECT DEFENSE; UNITED-STATES; PLANT-GROWTH; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION; HYPOTHESIS; SEEDLINGS AB Invasive plants can be released from specialist herbivores and encounter novel generalists in their introduced ranges, leading to variation in defence among native and invasive populations. However, few studies have examined how constitutive and induced indirect defences change during plant invasion, especially during the juvenile stage. Constitutive extrafloral nectar (EFN) production of native and invasive populations of juvenile tallow tree (Triadica sebifera) were compared, and leaf clipping, and damage by a native specialist (Noctuid) and two native generalist caterpillars (Noctuid and Limacodid) were used to examine inducible EFN production. Plants from introduced populations had more leaves producing constitutive EFN than did native populations, but the content of soluble solids of EFN did not differ. Herbivores induced EFN production more than simulated herbivory. The specialist (Noctuid) induced more EFN than either generalist for native populations. The content of soluble solids in EFN was higher (21 times), with the specialist vs. the generalists causing the stronger response for native populations, but the specialist response was always comparable with the generalist responses for invasive populations. These results suggest that constitutive and induced indirect defences are retained in juvenile plants of invasive populations even during plant establishment, perhaps due to generalist herbivory in the introduced range. However, responses specific to a specialist herbivore may be reduced in the introduced range where specialists are absent. This decreased defence may benefit specialist insects that are introduced for classical biological control of invasive plants. C1 [Wang, Yi; Zhu, Lin; Gu, Xue; Ding, Jianqing] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan Bot Inst, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yi; Gu, Xue] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Carrillo, Juli; Siemann, Evan] Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Wheeler, Gregory S.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Zhu, Lin] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Inst Environm Biol & Insect Resources, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Ding, JQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan Bot Inst, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM dingjianqing@yahoo.com FU China National Basic Study Program [2012CB114104]; US National Science Foundation [DEB 0820560]; Foreign Visiting Professorship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Florida Department of Environmental Protection; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [SL849]; US NSF Graduate Research; Ford Foundation; American Association of University Women; Houston Livestock Show fellowship; Rodeo fellowship FX We would like to thank Xuefang Yang for field assistance. Comments by Mick Hanley, Martin Heil, Wei Huang and an anonymous reviewer improved earlier versions of the manuscript. This study was supported by the China National Basic Study Program (2012CB114104 to J.D.), the US National Science Foundation (DEB 0820560 to E. S.), a Foreign Visiting Professorship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (to E. S.), the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (SL849 to G. W.), and US NSF Graduate Research, Ford Foundation, American Association of University Women and Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo fellowships (to J.C.). NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 59 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 112 IS 4 SI SI BP 751 EP 756 DI 10.1093/aob/mct129 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 198WC UT WOS:000322952500012 PM 23761685 ER PT J AU Mertens, JA AF Mertens, Jeffrey A. TI Kinetic Properties of Two Rhizopus Exo-polygalacturonase Enzymes Hydrolyzing Galacturonic Acid Oligomers Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Exo-polygalacturonase; Isothermal titration calorimetry; Oligogalacturonates; Kinetics; Substrate binding ID FUNGAL POLYGALACTURONASES; CATALYZED-HYDROLYSIS; GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; BINDING-ENERGIES; ACTIVE-SITE; ASSAY; EXOPOLYGALACTURONASE; IDENTIFICATION; CHITINASE AB The kinetic characteristics of two Rhizopus oryzae exo-polygalacturonases acting on galacturonic acid oligomers (GalpA) were determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). RPG15 hydrolyzing (GalpA)(2) demonstrated a K (m) of 55 mu M and k (cat) of 10.3 s(-1) while RPG16 was shown to have greater affinity for (GalpA)(2) with a K (m) of 16 mu M, but lesser catalytic activity with a k (cat) of 3.9 s(-1). Both enzymes were inhibited by the product, galacturonic acid, with (app) K (i) values of 886 and 501 mu M for RPG15 and RPG16, respectively. RPG15 exhibited greater affinity for (GalpA)(3) with a K (m) of 9.2 mu M and a similar k (cat) at 10.7 s(-1) relative to (GalpA)(2). Catalytic constants for RPG16 hydrolyzing (GalpA)(3) could not be determined; however, single-injection ITC assays suggest a distinct preference and catalytic rate for (GalpA)(3) relative to (GalpA)(2). Thermodynamic parameters of a series of galacturonic acid oligomers binding to RPG15 were determined and exhibited some distinct differences from RPG16 binding thermodynamics, providing potential clues to the differing kinetic characteristics of the two exo-polygalacturonase enzymes. C1 ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Mertens, JA (reprint author), ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Jeffrey.Mertens@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 30 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 170 IS 8 BP 2009 EP 2020 DI 10.1007/s12010-013-0336-6 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 194GN UT WOS:000322619100018 PM 23813338 ER PT J AU Cai, Y Pu, SC Nie, Y Rehner, SA Huang, B AF Cai, Yue Pu, Shunchang Nie, Yong Rehner, Stephen A. Huang, Bo TI Discrimination of Chinese Beauveria strains by DGGE genotyping and taxonomic identification by sequence analysis of the Bloc nuclear intergenic region SO APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; Beauveria australis; Molecular systematics; Conidial morphology ID DNA FRAGMENTS; BASSIANA; PATHOGENS AB Anamorphic Beauveria are cosmopolitan entomopathogenic fungi that parasitize a broad range of insect species in virtually all terrestrial habitats. A diversity survey of 189 exemplar strains of Beauveria from the RCEF culture collection, representative of its taxonomic diversity, geographic distribution and insect host range in China, was conducted based on a combination of DGGE genotyping and nucleotide sequence analysis of the Bloc nuclear intergenic region. The DGGE assays detected 42 electrophoretically distinct haplotypes, with each haplogroup including 1-13 individuals. Nucleotide sequence analysis established that all haplogroups were uniquely distinguished by one or more nucleotide differences and that isolates from the same DGGE haplogroup share sequence identity. A phylogenetic analysis inclusive of this Bloc haplotype diversity assigned the Chinese Beauveria strains to six species lineages corresponding to B. bassiana sensu lato. (Bals.) Vuill, B. brongniartii (Sacc.) Petch, B. australis S.A. Rehner & Humber, B. asiatica S.A. Rehner & Humber, B. pseudobassiana S.A. Rehner & Humber and B. caledonica Bissett & Widden. B. australis is reported for the first time in China. This study represents the first phylogenetic survey of Beauveria species diversity in China, and demonstrates a simple and effective screening strategy to facilitate the identification of Beauveria genotypes. C1 [Cai, Yue; Pu, Shunchang; Nie, Yong; Huang, Bo] Anhui Agr Univ, Anhui Prov Key Lab Microbial Control, Hefei 230036, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Rehner, Stephen A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Huang, B (reprint author), Anhui Agr Univ, Anhui Prov Key Lab Microbial Control, West Changjiang Rd 130, Hefei 230036, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM stephen.rehner@ars.usda.gov; bhuang@ahau.edu.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of China [31070009, 30300004] FX We are grateful to Drs. Mingjun Chen and Shengli Zhang for their kind help with the collection and isolation of Beauveria samples. This work was supported by a grant from the Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 31070009 and 30300004). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 26 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 0003-6862 J9 APPL ENTOMOL ZOOL JI Appl. Entomol. Zoolog. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 48 IS 3 BP 255 EP 263 DI 10.1007/s13355-013-0179-1 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 198BL UT WOS:000322896600004 ER PT J AU Beltran, W Wunderle, JM AF Beltran, William Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr. TI Determinants of tree species preference for foraging by insectivorous birds in a novel Prosopis-Leucaena woodland in Puerto Rico: the role of foliage palatability SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Alien tree species; Avian insectivores; Enemy release; Foliage arthropods; Leaf palatability ID HERBIVOROUS INSECT GUILDS; ENEMY RELEASE HYPOTHESIS; SOUTH-AFRICAN SAVANNA; LEAF-CUTTER ANTS; ARTHROPOD ASSEMBLAGES; BROWSING RUMINANTS; FOOD AVAILABILITY; ATTA-LAEVIGATA; FOREST BIRDS; WOODY-PLANTS AB The foliage palatability hypothesis predicts that avian insectivores will preferentially forage in tree species with the greatest abundance of their arthropod prey, which in turn are associated with the tree's foliage nutrition and palatability. We tested this hypothesis in a novel Prosopis-Leucaena woodland in Puerto Rico by determining foraging preferences of five insectivorous bird species for six tree species (five alien, one native) and relating preferences to foliage arthropod biomass and leaf chemistry. The most frequently preferred tree species for foraging were the alien Prosopis juliflora (preferred by five bird species) and Pithecellobium dulce (preferred by four bird species). Both species had high foliage arthropod biomass, high N content, low lignin/N ratios, and low hemicellulose content. Compounds, previously known to affect herbivore responses to Albizia lebbeck and Leucaena leucocephala, may explain low arthropod biomass despite high N content in Albizia and avoidance of Leucaena by four bird species despite its high arthropod biomass. The native Bucida buceras had tough leaves with low N content, low arthropod biomass, and only one bird species showed a weak preference for foraging in it. Biomass of predaceous arthropods showed strong negative correlations with the ratios of lignin/N and hemicellulose/N. Some alien tree species had highly palatable foliage with high arthropod biomass and hence were preferred for foraging by avian insectivores as predicted by the foliage palatability hypothesis. High foliage palatability of some alien tree species may weaken the effect of enemy release in some novel plant communities. C1 [Beltran, William] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Beltran, William; Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Sabana Field Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Beltran, W (reprint author), Univ Pacific, Dept Nat Sci, Buenaventura 10299, Colombia. EM williambeltran2005@gmail.com FU University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras; USDA Forest Service FX This study was supported by funding from Graduate and Research Studies Dean (DEGI) at the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras and USDA Forest Service. This research would not have been possible without the assistance of many undergraduate and graduate students. We thank Gladys Bisbicus, Nathalia Rios, Emilio Font, Wilnelia Recart, Nicolas Perez, Justin Cruz, and Massiel Almonte for field assistance. Staff from the Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge, especially Oscar Diaz provided logistic support. Special thanks to Vanessa Sanchez and Adalberto Franqui for providing accommodations at Finca Altamira during field work. Finally, we thank Wayne Arendt, Nicholas Brokaw, Elvira Cuevas, and Tugrul Giray for valuable criticisms and suggestions that improved the study. The manuscript benefited from the constructive comments of Ariel Lugo and two anonymous reviewers. This study was conducted as part of the senior author's Ph.D. thesis at the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras. The research was conducted in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico. NR 68 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 22 IS 9 BP 2071 EP 2089 DI 10.1007/s10531-013-0529-x PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 194GO UT WOS:000322619300011 ER PT J AU Ngo, HT Gibbs, J Griswold, T Packer, L AF Ngo, H. T. Gibbs, J. Griswold, T. Packer, L. TI Evaluating bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) diversity using Malaise traps in coffee landscapes of Costa Rica SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID NATIVE BEES; RAIN-FOREST; BUMBLE BEES; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; TROPICAL COUNTRYSIDE; CROP POLLINATION; FLORAL CONSTANCY; FLOWER CONSTANCY; STINGLESS BEES; PAN TRAPS AB Even though Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica Linnaeus, Rubiaceae) can self-pollinate, bees are important pollinators, without which there is lower fruit quality and yield. We studied bee diversity in coffee agroecosystems in Costa Rica during two coffee flowering seasons (2005 and 2006). Malaise traps were used as a passive sampling method to collect bees during coffee blooms. We collected 1012 bee individuals from three different site types: nonagricultural fields and shaded and unshaded coffee farms. Unshaded coffee farms had significantly higher species richness (S) and number of bee individuals (n) than did the shaded coffee farms and nonagricultural sites. Overall bee diversity did not differ among site types but evenness (J') was significantly lower in unshaded coffee farms. Using a more detailed community analysis, there was a significant association between functional groups and habitat type with more species and individuals of small-bodied ground-nesting bees (Lasioglossum (Dialictus) Robertson) associated with unshaded coffee farms. A large proportion (49%) of bees collected were of this subgenus, which was never before reported as common in coffee agroecosystems. Further studies should establish whether Dialictus is important in coffee pollination. We propose strategies involving conservation of native bees through simple habitat management for small-scale coffee farms that may improve crop quality and quantity. C1 [Ngo, H. T.; Packer, L.] York Univ, Dept Biol, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Gibbs, J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Griswold, T.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Biol, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Ngo, HT (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Biol, 4700 Keele St, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. EM hien@yorku.ca OI packer, laurence/0000-0002-1711-8203; Gibbs, Jason/0000-0002-4945-5423 FU Department of Biology at York University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX The authors thank Dr. C. Praz and two anonymous reviewers for providing insightful comments. They acknowledge the following institutions in Costa Rica: Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), CoopeAgri R. L. in Perez Zeledon, Centro Cientifico Tropical (CCT), Ministerio del Ambiente y Energia (MINAE), and La Universidad Nacional (UNA) Sede Region Brunca. The authors thank all of the Costa Rican farmers who cooperated in this project. They also thank Teresa Cartin, Dr. M. Otterstatter, Dr. C. Sheffield, S. Dumesh, the late Dr. H. Daugherty, the Department of Biology at York University, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada grants awarded to Dr. L. Packer. NR 95 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 64 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 145 IS 4 BP 435 EP 453 DI 10.4039/tce.2013.16 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 181VY UT WOS:000321699000008 ER PT J AU Athalye, S Sharma-Shivappa, R Peretti, S Kolar, P Davis, JP AF Athalye, Sneha Sharma-Shivappa, Ratna Peretti, Steven Kolar, Praveen Davis, Jack P. TI Producing biodiesel from cottonseed oil using Rhizopus oryzae ATCC #34612 whole cell biocatalysts: Culture media and cultivation period optimization SO ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Rhizopus oryzae; Biodiesel; Cottonseed oil; Whole cell biocatalysts; Fungal catalysis ID BIOMASS SUPPORT PARTICLES; FUEL PRODUCTION; LIPASE PRODUCTION; TRANSESTERIFICATION AB The effect of culture medium composition and cultivation time on biodiesel production by Rhizopus oryzae ATCC. #34612 whole cell catalysts, immobilized on novel rigid polyethylene biomass supports, was investigated. Supplementation of the medium with carbon sources led to higher lipase activity and increased the biomass immobilized on the BSPs. Statistical analysis indicates that a cultivation period of 72 h in a basal medium supplemented with both cottonseed oil and glucose is optimal for biodiesel production by R. oryzae, resulting in a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 27.9 wt.% (2282 g/L). (C) 2013 International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Athalye, Sneha; Sharma-Shivappa, Ratna; Kolar, Praveen] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Peretti, Steven] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Davis, Jack P.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sharma-Shivappa, R (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Campus Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM snehathle@gmail.com; ratna_sharma@ncsu.edu; peretti@ncsu.edu; pkolar@ncsu.edu; jack.davis@ars.usda.gov FU UNC General Administration FX Partial funding for this study was provided by the UNC General Administration. The authors wish to thank Dr. Roger McFeeters and Seth Fornea, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, NCSU for their help with GC MS analysis: We also wish to thank Piedmont Biofuels for their assistance with the initial FAME analysis. We are grateful to Expo-net, Denmark for their gift of Bioblok (TM) sample used in this study as well as Dr. Peter Wan (USDA-ARS SRRC, New Orleans, retired) and Thomas C. Wedegaertner, Director for Cottonseed Marketing and Processing, Cotton Inc. for the cottonseed oil samples. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0973-0826 J9 ENERGY SUSTAIN DEV JI Energy Sustain Dev. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 4 BP 331 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.esd.2013.03.009 PG 6 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 196CZ UT WOS:000322752300004 ER PT J AU Elder, T AF Elder, Thomas TI Bond Dissociation Enthalpies of a Dibenzodioxocin Lignin Model Compound SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID PHENETHYL PHENYL ETHERS; PYROLYTIC CLEAVAGE MECHANISMS; COMPUTATIONAL PREDICTION; ALPHA/BETA-SELECTIVITIES; DIMERS; LINKAGES AB The initial steps in the thermal degradation of dibenzodioxocin, a relatively recently discovered seven-membered-ring linkage in lignin, have been evaluated using density functional calculations. The bond dissociation enthalpy of the various ring-opening reactions is closely related to the delocalization of the unpaired electrons in the products. It also appears as if these are barrierless reactions. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. RP Elder, T (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. EM telder@fs.fed.us NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 8 BP 4785 EP 4790 DI 10.1021/ef401026g PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 203OA UT WOS:000323301300072 ER PT J AU Xu, JM Jiang, JC Hse, CY Shupe, TF AF Xu, Junming Jiang, Jianchun Hse, Chung-yun Shupe, Todd F. TI Effect of Methanol on the Liquefaction Reaction of Biomass in Hot Compressed Water under Microwave Energy SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID ETHANOL AB Liquefaction of sawdust was studied in methanol-water solutions using an acid catalyst under microwave energy. The effect of the methanol concentration on the changes of components in the liquefied products was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was found that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid are the dominate products using pure water as the liquefying agent. These two important intermediates are decomposed from glucose by the acid catalyst. When the concentration of the methanol was increased from 0 to 50%, the percentages of HMF and levulinic acid were dramatically decreased from 16.67 and 39.16% to 2.36 and 2.71%, respectively. At the same time, the total content of sugar derivatives increased to 56.96%. This result indicated that methanol could not only improve the conversion of biomass but also promote the stability of the sugar derivatives from further decomposition to carbonyl compounds, such as HMF and levulinic acid. Therefore, a potential polyol product was obtained by a liquefaction reaction using lignocellulosic materials. C1 [Xu, Junming; Jiang, Jianchun] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Chem Ind Forestry Prod, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Xu, Junming; Jiang, Jianchun] Key Lab Biomass Energy & Mat, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Xu, Junming; Jiang, Jianchun] Natl Engn Lab Biomass Chem Utilizat, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Xu, Junming; Jiang, Jianchun] SFA, Key & Open Lab Forest Chem Engn, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Xu, Junming; Jiang, Jianchun] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Forest New Technol, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Hse, Chung-yun] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Forest Expt Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Shupe, Todd F.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Xu, JM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Chem Ind Forestry Prod, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM lang811023@163.com FU Commonwealth Research Foundation of Forestry [201204801] FX The authors thank the "Commonwealth Research Foundation of Forestry" (201204801) for financial support during this investigation. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 8 BP 4791 EP 4795 DI 10.1021/ef401069e PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 203OA UT WOS:000323301300073 ER PT J AU Lee, DH Short, BD Joseph, SV Bergh, JC Leskey, TC AF Lee, Doo-Hyung Short, Brent D. Joseph, Shimat V. Bergh, J. Christopher Leskey, Tracy C. TI Review of the Biology, Ecology, and Management of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brown marmorated stink bug; invasive species; Asia ID MARMORATED STINK BUG; STALI SCOTT HETEROPTERA; WINGED GREEN BUG; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; SOYBEAN FIELDS; PLAUTIA-STALI; PEST; ADULTS; REPRODUCTION; HYMENOPTERA AB Native to China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) was first detected in the United States in the mid-1990s. Since establishing in the United States, this invasive species has caused significant economic losses in agriculture and created major nuisance problems for home and business owners, especially in the mid-Atlantic region. Basic and applied questions on H. halys have been addressed in its native range in Asia since the mid-1900s and the research outcomes have been published in at least 216 articles from China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. In Asia, H. halys is described as an occasional or outbreak pest of a number of crops such as apple, pear, persimmon, and soybeans. This species is considered a nuisance pest as well, particularly in Japan. This review summarizes 100 articles primarily translated from Chinese, Japanese, and Korean to English. The content of this review focuses on the biology, ecology, and management of H. halys in Asia, with specific emphasis on nomenclature, life history, host range, damage, economic importance, sampling and monitoring tools, and management strategies. This information from the native range of H. halys provides greater context and understanding of its biology, ecology, and management in North America. C1 [Lee, Doo-Hyung; Short, Brent D.; Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Joseph, Shimat V.; Bergh, J. Christopher] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, AHS AREC, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. RP Lee, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM doohyung.lee@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture [SCRI 2011-51181-30937] FX We thank Ken Funayama, Aijun Zhang, and Yong-Lak Park for assistance with the literature search and translations. This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture SCRI 2011-51181-30937. NR 111 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 4 U2 79 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 627 EP 641 DI 10.1603/EN13006 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 197CM UT WOS:000322826300003 PM 23905725 ER PT J AU Maner, ML Hanula, JL Braman, SK AF Maner, M. Lake Hanula, James L. Braman, S. Kristine TI Gallery Productivity, Emergence, and Flight Activity of the Redbay Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Xyleborus glabratus; Persea borbonia; exotic; invasive; laurel wilt ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ESSENTIAL OIL LURES; XYLEBORUS-GLABRATUS; LAUREL WILT; HOST RELATIONSHIPS; LIFE-HISTORY; ATTACK; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS; AVOCADO AB Flight and emergence of the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, were monitored from March 2011 through August 2012 using Lindgren funnel traps baited with manuka oil and emergence traps attached over individual beetle galleries on infested redbay (Persea borbonia (L.) Sprengel) trees. Of the 432 gallery entrances covered with emergence traps, 235 (54.4%) successfully produced at least two adults. Gallery success rates and time until adult emergence were highly variable and strongly depended on time of year galleries were initiated. Successful galleries produced 23.4 +/- 2.50 ((x) over bar +/- SE) adult X. glabratus but one had 316 adults emerge from it. Galleries were active for an average of 231.9 +/- 6.13 d but five were active for over 1 yr and one gallery produced beetles for 497 d. In total, 5,345 female and 196 males were collected during the study resulting in a sex ratio of approximate to 27:1 (female: male) emerging from galleries. Ambrosia beetles other than X. glabratus were recovered from 18 galleries or approximate to 4% of those studied. Beetles that attacked larger diameter trees were more likely to be successful and produce more brood. Lindgren trap captures reflected emergence trap collections but with a delay of about 1 mo between peaks in emergence and capture in traps. Peaks of activity occurred in fall 2011 and spring 2012, but at least some adult beetles were collected using both methods in every month of the year. C1 [Maner, M. Lake] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hanula, James L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Braman, S. Kristine] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Hanula, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jhanula@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station [SRS-4552] FX We thank S. Horn and M. Cody for technical assistance, and S. Fraedrich, J. McHugh, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this article. We are especially grateful to Larry Jordan with Hickory Hammock Properties, L.L.C., for allowing us to work on their property. Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station's work unit SRS-4552. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 21 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 642 EP 647 DI 10.1603/EN13014 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 197CM UT WOS:000322826300004 PM 23905726 ER PT J AU Paranhos, BJ Sivinski, J Stuhl, C Holler, T Aluja, M AF Paranhos, Beatriz Jordao Sivinski, John Stuhl, Charles Holler, Tim Aluja, Martin TI Intrinsic Competition and Competitor-Free-Space Influence the Coexistence of Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae) of Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ovipositor length; host-fruit size; Diachasmimorpha; Doryctobracon; Utetes ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; DIACHASMIMORPHA-TRYONI HYMENOPTERA; FLIES DIPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FOPIUS-ARISANUS; LARVAL-PUPAL; HOST; MEXICO; DISTRIBUTIONS; SUPERIORITY AB Endoparasitoid larvae may eliminate heterospecific competitors by physical or physiological means. The outcomes of these intrinsic competitions are often predictable with one species typically eliminating the other. The opiine braconids Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti) and Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) are among the most common native parasitoids of frugivorous Tephritidae in the Neotropics and subtropics. U. anastrephae is typically the victor in intrinsic interactions with D. areolatus, but the later has a longer ovipositor and may find a competitor-free-space in larger fruit whose hosts are beyond the reach of U. anastrephae. An Asian opiine species, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) has been introduced throughout much of the Americas. Its ovipositor is longer than that of D. areolatus and if it is a superior intrinsic competitor it should be able to cause local extinctions of D. areolatus. The outcomes of sequential ovipositions by D. longicaudata and D. areolatus and U. anastrephae found that D. longicaudata significantly suppresses development of D. areolatus. However, competitions between D. longicaudata and U. anastrephae were more equal. The denial of competitor free space may account for the gradual replacement of D. areolatus by D. longicaudata in Florida where both species were introduced similar to 40 yr ago. Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and D. areolatus continue to coexist in Mexico and this could be because of greater abiotic and biotic environmental complexity that allows for separate niches. Establishment or augmentative releases of D. longicaudata could result in elimination of native parasitoids and this should be considered before its introduction. C1 [Paranhos, Beatriz Jordao] Embrapa Semiarid, Entomol Lab, BR-56302970 Petrolina, PE, Brazil. [Sivinski, John; Stuhl, Charles; Holler, Tim] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Aluja, Martin] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Sivinski, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM john.sivinski@ars.usda.gov FU Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Direccion General de Sanidad Vegetal-Secretaroa de Agricultura, Ganaderoa, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion); Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologoa de Mexico (CONACyT) [46846] FX Beatriz Jordao Paranhos completed this work during a sabbatical funded by EMBRAPA. Marton Aluja acknowledges financial support by the Mexican Campana Nacional Contra Moscas de la Fruta (Direccion General de Sanidad Vegetal-Secretaroa de Agricultura, Ganaderoa, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion), the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologoa de Mexico (CONACyT grant 46846). Two anonymous reviewers made helpful criticisms of the original manuscript. We thank the Florida-Division of Plant Industry for supplying the host larva, and the personnel of the Instituto de Ecologia for initially providing D. areolatus. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 717 EP 723 DI 10.1603/EN12282 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 197CM UT WOS:000322826300012 PM 23905734 ER PT J AU Mayfield, AE Brownie, C AF Mayfield, Albert E., III Brownie, Cavell TI The Redbay Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Uses Stem Silhouette Diameter as a Visual Host-Finding Cue SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE laurel wilt; invasive species; stem diameter; visual orientation; Xyleborus glabratus ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; LAUREL WILT; XYLEBORUS-GLABRATUS; RAFFAELEA-LAURICOLA; 1ST REPORT; FLORIDA; ORIENTATION; INTEGRATION; TREES AB The redbay ambrosia beetle (Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff) is an invasive pest and vector of the pathogen that causes laurel wilt disease in Lauraceous tree species in the eastern United States. This insect uses olfactory cues during host finding, but use of visual cues by X. glabratus has not been previously investigated and may help explain diameter-related patterns in host tree mortality. The objective of this study was to determine whether X. glabratus females visually detect silhouettes of tree stems during host finding and are more likely to land on large diameter stems than smaller ones. Three field experiments were conducted in which stem silhouettes (black cylinders or standing nonhost pines) of varying diameters and identical capture surface areas were baited with essential oil lures. The Log(10)-transformed number of X. glabratus trapped per week increased as a function of silhouette diameter in 2011 and 2012, using artificial silhouette diameters ranging 2-18 and 3-41 cm, respectively. When lures and capture surfaces were attached to standing pines ranging 4-37 cm in diameter, a positive relationship between Log(10) (X. glabratus trap catch) and stem diameter was modeled using nonlinear quadratic plateau regression and indicated a diameter above which visual attraction was not enhanced; however, there was not a maximum diameter for enhanced X. glabratus attraction that was generally consistent across all experiments. These results 1) indicate that X. glabratus incorporates visual information during host finding, 2) help explain diameter-related patterns of redbay (Persea borbonia (L.) Sprengel) mortality observed during laurel wilt epidemics, and 3) are applicable to the management of this forest pest. C1 [Mayfield, Albert E., III] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Brownie, Cavell] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Mayfield, AE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 200 WT Weaver Blvd, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. FU USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station FX The authors would like to sincerely thank the following individuals and agencies for their valuable assistance with this project: William Elliott and William Sweeney (USDA Forest Service); Jason Moan, Wayne Langston, Kelly Oten, and Rob Trickel (North Carolina Forest Service); Andrew Tait, Ashley Hancock, Ashley Case, and Dustin Neufeld (UNC Asheville) for technical assistance; David Wakarchuk (Synergy Semiochemicals Corp.) for donating cubeb oil lures; the Francis Marion National Forest Witherbee Ranger Station for field site permission; James Hanula and Brian Strom (USDA Forest Service) for reviewing an early draft of the manuscript; and Dan Miller (USDA Forest Service) for discussions on the study concept. This research was funded by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 743 EP 750 DI 10.1603/EN12341 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 197CM UT WOS:000322826300015 PM 23905737 ER PT J AU Meagher, RL Nagoshi, RN AF Meagher, Robert L. Nagoshi, Rodney N. TI Attraction of Fall Armyworm Males (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Host Strain Females SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera frugiperda; host strains; premating behavior ID SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA LEPIDOPTERA; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; SEX-PHEROMONE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; I GENE; RACES; FLORIDA; FIELD; IDENTIFICATION; SPECIATION AB Attraction of wild male fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), was compared in trapping experiments during 2005-2009 in Florida. Traps were baited either with a commercial sex pheromone lure or corn and rice strain females obtained from laboratory colonies. Over 6,900 male moths were collected, and a large subset (>1,500) of these moths was analyzed for their host strain identity. The pheromone lure attracted over four times more males than virgin corn or rice strain females. Almost 60% of males attracted to the pheromone lure were identified as corn strain. However, both corn and rice strain females attracted a higher percentage of rice strain males, providing evidence that the commercial lure used in our study is biased to attract corn strain males and underestimates rice strain population numbers relative to corn strain numbers. Corn and rice strain males were attracted more to corn strain females than rice strain females, although there was variation in response according to location and season. Our results suggest that attraction of males to corresponding-strain females does not appear to be a premating mechanism that results in assortative mating between corn and rice host strains. Clearly other premating or perhaps even postmating mechanisms are important for the maintenance of host strains in S. frugiperda. C1 [Meagher, Robert L.; Nagoshi, Rodney N.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Meagher, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM rob.meagher@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 17 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 751 EP 757 DI 10.1603/EN13007 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 197CM UT WOS:000322826300016 PM 23905738 ER PT J AU Swezey, SL Nieto, DJ Hagler, JR Pickett, CH Bryer, JA Machtley, SA AF Swezey, Sean L. Nieto, Diego J. Hagler, James R. Pickett, Charles H. Bryer, Janet A. Machtley, Scott A. TI Dispersion, Distribution, and Movement of Lygus spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Trap-Cropped Organic Strawberries SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organic; strawberry; Lygus hesperus; alfalfa trap crop; ELISA ID TARNISHED PLANT BUG; PEST-MANAGEMENT; HESPERUS; ALFALFA; HETEROPTERA; COTTON; PATTERNS; POPULATIONS; RETENTION; PREDATION AB Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a highly attractive plant host to Lygus spp. and is used as a trap crop in California organic strawberries to influence the dispersion and dispersal of these pests, particularly Lygus hesperus Knight. The abundance and distribution of Lygus spp. nymphs between two trap crops separated by 50 strawberry rows was analyzed in 2008 and 2010. Nymphs demonstrated a bimodal distribution in strawberries between trap crops, where nymphs were most abundant and aggregated in alfalfa, when compared with interior strawberry rows, where nymphs were less abundant. The majority of nymphs were concentrated in trap crops and nymphal densities in interior strawberry rows were well below economic thresholds. The movement of Lygus spp. from a marked alfalfa trap crop into adjacent strawberry rows or trap crops was also studied in 2008 and 2009 using a chicken egg albumin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay mark-capture technique. The majority of marked-captured L. hesperus adults and Lygus spp. nymphs remained in alfalfa trap crops, rather than dispersing out into strawberry rows at 24 h, 48 h, and 2 wk, postprotein application. The attenuation of Lygus spp. movement in alfalfa associated with organic strawberries is a key component of successful trap cropping. A small percentage of marked adults and nymphs were captured in neighboring alfalfa trap crops, located 62 m from the point of protein application, highlighting the dispersal capacity of this key pest. C1 [Swezey, Sean L.; Nieto, Diego J.; Bryer, Janet A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Agroecol & Sustainable Food Syst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Hagler, James R.; Machtley, Scott A.] USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Pickett, Charles H.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Biol Control Program, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. RP Swezey, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Agroecol & Sustainable Food Syst, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM findit@ucsc.edu FU USDA-CSREES Pest Management Alternatives Program (PMAP) FX The authors thank collaborating grower Larry Eddings, and Joe Valdez and Ramon Serrano of Pacific Gold Farms, Moss Landing, CA, for their cooperation and management of organic strawberry production areas. Without their patience and cooperation, this project would not have been possible. We also thank Neal Murray, Clayton Winter, Andre Burnier, Caitlin Slay, Felisa Blackmer, Susan Fountain, and Marypat Stadtherr for excellent technical support. This project was funded, in part, by the USDA-CSREES Pest Management Alternatives Program (PMAP). NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 36 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 770 EP 778 DI 10.1603/EN12353 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 197CM UT WOS:000322826300019 PM 23905741 ER PT J AU Guedot, C Buckner, JS Hagen, MM Bosch, J Kemp, WP Pitts-Singer, TL AF Guedot, Christelle Buckner, James S. Hagen, Marcia M. Bosch, Jordi Kemp, William P. Pitts-Singer, Theresa L. TI Nest Marking Behavior and Chemical Composition of Olfactory Cues Involved in Nest Recognition in Megachile rotundata SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alfalfa leafcutting bee; cuticular hydrocarbons; lipid identification; nest recognition ID SOLITARY BEES HYMENOPTERA; DUFOURS GLAND SECRETIONS; CARPENTER BEES; INSECT HYDROCARBONS; TOBACCO HORNWORM; OSMIA-LIGNARIA; ANTHOPHORIDAE; XYLOCOPA; ENTRANCE; APOIDEA AB In-nest observations of the solitary bee, Megachile rotundata (F.), revealed that nesting females apply olfactory cues to nests for nest recognition. On their way in and out of the nest, females drag the abdomen along the entire length of the nest, and sometimes deposit fluid droplets from the tip of the abdomen. The removal of bee-marked sections of the nest resulted in hesitation and searching behavior by females, indicating the loss of olfactory cues used for nest recognition. Chemical analysis of female cuticles and the deposits inside marked nesting tubes revealed the presence of hydrocarbons, wax esters, fatty aldehydes, and fatty alcohol acetate esters. Chemical compositions were similar across tube samples, but proportionally different from cuticular extracts. These findings reveal the importance of lipids as chemical signals for nest recognition and suggest that the nest-marking cues are derived from a source in addition to, or other than, the female cuticle. C1 [Guedot, Christelle] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Russell Labs 546, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Buckner, James S.; Hagen, Marcia M.; Kemp, William P.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Bosch, Jordi] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CREAF, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Pitts-Singer, TL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM theresa.pitts-singer@ars.usda.gov OI Bosch , Jordi/0000-0002-8088-9457 NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 779 EP 789 DI 10.1603/EN13015 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 197CM UT WOS:000322826300020 PM 23905742 ER PT J AU Martinez-Sanz, M Abdelwahab, MA Lopez-Rubio, A Lagaron, JM Chiellini, E Williams, TG Wood, DF Orts, WJ Imam, SH AF Martinez-Sanz, Marta Abdelwahab, Mohamed A. Lopez-Rubio, Amparo Lagaron, Jose M. Chiellini, Emo Williams, Tina G. Wood, Delilah F. Orts, William J. Imam, Syed H. TI Incorporation of poly(glycidylmethacrylate) grafted bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers in poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites: Improved barrier and mechanical properties SO EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Poly(lactic acid); Cellulose nanowhiskers; Bacterial cellulose; Poly(glycidyl methacrylate); Surface modification ID THERMOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE; SURFACE-MODIFICATION; POLYLACTIC ACID; MORPHOLOGY; NANOBIOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES; ENHANCE; BLENDS; WATER AB Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) was grafted onto bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNW) by means of a redox-initiated free radical copolymerization reaction. The incorporation of PGMA chains decreased the thermal stability and crystallinity of BCNW. The neat and the PGMA-grafted BCNW were subsequently incorporated as fillers into the PLA matrix. PGMA grafting improved both matrix-filler adhesion and the dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals. However, the dispersion of the nanofiller was still not completely optimized and loadings higher than 3 wt.% resulted in increased agglomeration. The incorporation of both neat and PGMA-grafted BCNW significantly reduced the oxygen permeability of PLA for low relative humidity conditions. However, due to the moisture sensitivity of cellulose, smaller improvements were attained when increasing the water activity. The detrimental effect of moisture on the oxygen permeability of nanocomposites was limited by the grafting copolymerization since PGMA-grafted BCNW seemed to present a more hydrophobic behavior. Furthermore, increased elastic modulus and tensile strength were observed for all the nanocomposites, especially when the concentration of nanocrystals was around the percolation threshold, i.e. 3 wt.%, but only nanocomposites containing PGMA-grafted BCNW preserved the ductility of neat PLA. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Martinez-Sanz, Marta; Lopez-Rubio, Amparo; Lagaron, Jose M.] CSIC, IATA, Novel Mat & Nanotechnol Grp, Valencia 46980, Spain. [Abdelwahab, Mohamed A.; Chiellini, Emo] Univ Pisa, Lab Bioact Polymer Mat Biomed & Environm Applicat, UdR INSTM, Dept Chem & Ind Chem, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Abdelwahab, Mohamed A.] Tanta Univ, Dept Chem, Tanta 31527, Egypt. [Williams, Tina G.; Wood, Delilah F.; Orts, William J.; Imam, Syed H.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Imam, SH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, WRRC BCE 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM syed.imam@ars.usda.gov RI Lopez-Rubio, Amparo/H-2841-2012 OI Lopez-Rubio, Amparo/0000-0001-6469-9402 FU Spanish Ministry of Education; MICINN [MAT2009-14533-C02-01, MAT2012-38947-C02-01]; EU; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation FX M. Martinez-Sanz would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Education for the FPU grant. The authors acknowledge financial support from MICINN (MAT2009-14533-C02-01 and MAT2012-38947-C02-01 projects) and the EU FP7 ECOBIOCAP project. Collaboration with researchers at the Bioproduct Chemistry & Engineering Research Laboratory of the WRRC-USDA in Albany, CA and the University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy is gratefully acknowledged. Part of the work was conducted at the USDA laboratory in Albany, CA. A. Lopez-Rubio is the recipient of a "Ramon y Cajal" contract from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. NR 44 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 68 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0014-3057 J9 EUR POLYM J JI Eur. Polym. J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 8 SI SI BP 2062 EP 2072 DI 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.04.035 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 192RU UT WOS:000322503800019 ER PT J AU Tai, HH Goyer, C Platt, HW De Koeyer, D Murphy, A Uribe, P Halterman, D AF Tai, Helen H. Goyer, Claudia Platt, H. W. (Bud) De Koeyer, David Murphy, Agnes Uribe, Pedro Halterman, Dennis TI Decreased defense gene expression in tolerance versus resistance to Verticillium dahliae in potato SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Potato; Verticillium wilt; Fungal plant disease; POCI microarray; Gene expression; Plant defense; Plant pathogen ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; REAL-TIME PCR; PRATYLENCHUS-PENETRANS; SALICYLIC-ACID; ALBO-ATRUM; PLANT DEFENSE; TOMATO; WILT; PATHOGEN; DISEASE AB Verticillium dahliae Kleb., a soil-borne fungus that colonizes vascular tissues, induces wilting, chlorosis and early senescence in potato. Difference in senescence timing found in two diploid potato clones, 07506-01 and 12120-03, was studied and genetic variation in response to V. dahliae infection was identified as a causal factor. The clone, 07506-01, was infected with V. dahliae but did not develop symptoms, indicating tolerance to the pathogen. The other diploid clone, 12120-03 had low levels of pathogen with infection and moderate symptoms indicating partial resistance. 07506-01 was found to carry two susceptible alleles of the Ve2 gene and 12120-03 carried one Ve2 resistant and one susceptible allele. Infected leaves of the two clones were compared using gene expression profiling with the Potato Oligonucleotide Chip Initiative (POCI) microrarray. The results provide further evidence for differences in response of the two clones to infection with V. dahliae. Chlorophyll biosynthesis was higher in the tolerant 07506-01 compared to partially resistant 12120-03. On the other hand, expression of fungal defense genes, Ve resistance genes and defense phytohormone biosynthetic enzyme genes was decreased in 07506-01 compared to 12120-03 suggesting defense responses were suppressed in tolerance compared to resistance. Transcription factor gene expression differences pointed to the WRKY family as potential regulators of V. dahliae responses in potato. C1 [Tai, Helen H.; Goyer, Claudia; De Koeyer, David; Murphy, Agnes] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Potato Res Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 4Z7, Canada. [Platt, H. W. (Bud)] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Crops & Livestock Res Ctr, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4N6, Canada. [Uribe, Pedro; Halterman, Dennis] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Halterman, Dennis] ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA, Madison, WI USA. RP Tai, HH (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Potato Res Ctr, POB 20280, Fredericton, NB E3B 4Z7, Canada. EM Helen.Tai@agr.gc.ca FU Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada FX The authors would like to thank Charlotte Davidson, Dorothy Gregory, Donna Wilson, Jan Murray, Greg Conn, Kraig Worrall, Anna Principato, Daniel Frank, Boshen Gao, Jan Zeng and Andrea Dilworth who provided technical assistance. The authors would also like to thank Henry De Jong who established the diploid clones used in the study. The work was funded by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. NR 65 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 23 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 3 BP 367 EP 378 DI 10.1007/s10142-013-0329-0 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 198CU UT WOS:000322900200007 PM 23842988 ER PT J AU Lipka, AE Gore, MA Magallanes-Lundback, M Mesberg, A Lin, HN Tiede, T Chen, C Buell, CR Buckler, ES Rocheford, T DellaPenna, D AF Lipka, Alexander E. Gore, Michael A. Magallanes-Lundback, Maria Mesberg, Alex Lin, Haining Tiede, Tyler Chen, Charles Buell, C. Robin Buckler, Edward S. Rocheford, Torbert DellaPenna, Dean TI Genome-Wide Association Study and Pathway-Level Analysis of Tocochromanol Levels in Maize Grain SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE GWAS; candidate gene; vitamin E; biofortification ID VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; MAPPING POPULATION; TOCOTRIENOL BIOSYNTHESIS; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; SPINACH-CHLOROPLASTS; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FLOWERING-TIME; COMPLEX TRAITS AB Tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as tocochromanols, are the major lipid-soluble antioxidants in maize (Zea mays L.) grain. Given that individual tocochromanols differ in their degree of vitamin E activity, variation for tocochromanol composition and content in grain from among diverse maize inbred lines has important nutritional and health implications for enhancing the vitamin E and antioxidant contents of maize-derived foods through plant breeding. Toward this end, we conducted a genome-wide association study of six tocochromanol compounds and 14 of their sums, ratios, and proportions with a 281 maize inbred association panel that was genotyped for 591,822 SNP markers. In addition to providing further insight into the association between ZmVTE4 (gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase) haplotypes and alpha-tocopherol content, we also detected a novel association between ZmVTE1 (tocopherol cyclase) and tocotrienol composition. In a pathway-level analysis, we assessed the genetic contribution of 60 a priori candidate genes encoding the core tocochromanol pathway (VTE genes) and reactions for pathways supplying the isoprenoid tail and aromatic head group of tocochromanols. This analysis identified two additional genes, ZmHGGT1 (homogentisate geranylgeranyltransferase) and one prephenate dehydratase parolog (of four in the genome) that also modestly contribute to tocotrienol variation in the panel. Collectively, our results provide the most favorable ZmVTE4 haplotype and suggest three new gene targets for increasing vitamin E and antioxidant levels through marker-assisted selection. C1 [Lipka, Alexander E.; Buckler, Edward S.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gore, Michael A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Magallanes-Lundback, Maria; Mesberg, Alex; DellaPenna, Dean] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lin, Haining; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Tiede, Tyler; Rocheford, Torbert] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chen, Charles; Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Gore, MA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, 310 Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mag87@cornell.edu; dellapen@cns.msu.edu OI Penna, Maria Pietronilla/0000-0002-0982-3893; Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0321467, DBI-0820619, DBI-0922493]; USDA-ARS FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation DBI-0321467 (E.S.B.), DBI-0820619 (E. S. B.), DBI-0922493 (C.R.B., D.D.P., E.S.B., and T.R.), and USDA-ARS (M.A.G. and E.S.B.). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We especially thank Jason Wallace for valuable insights on the potential contribution of identified polymorphisms to natural phenotypic variation and Evan J. Klug, Xiodan Xi, and Emily McKinney for the help with processing samples and HPLC assays. NR 84 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 9 U2 62 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 3 IS 8 BP 1287 EP 1299 DI 10.1534/g3.113.006148 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 197BJ UT WOS:000322822300011 PM 23733887 ER PT J AU Guo, MM Jin, TZ Scullen, OJ Sommers, CH AF Guo, Mingming Jin, Tony Z. Scullen, O. Joseph Sommers, Christopher H. TI Effects of Antimicrobial Coatings and Cryogenic Freezing on Survival and Growth of Listeria innocua on Frozen Ready-to-Eat Shrimp during Thawing SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial coating; cryogenic freezing; Listeria innocua; ready-to-eat shrimp; thawing ID ALLYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; PANDALUS-BOREALIS; MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE; PATHOGENIC BACTERIA; FOOD PRESERVATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FISH PRODUCTS; SHELF-LIFE; MONOCYTOGENES; INACTIVATION AB Foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes could pose a health risk on frozen ready-to-eat (RTE) shrimp as the pathogen could grow following thawing. In this study, antimicrobial-coating treatments alone, or in combination with cryogenic freezing, were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of Listeria innocua, a surrogate for L. monocytogenes, on RTE shrimp. Cooked RTE shrimp were inoculated with L. innocua at 3 population levels and treated with coating solutions consisting of chitosan, allyl isothiocyanate (AIT), or lauric arginate ester (LAE). The treated shrimp were then stored at -18 degrees C for 6 d before being thawed at 4, 10, or 22 degrees C for either 24 or 48 h. Results revealed that antimicrobial coatings achieved approximately 5.5 to 1 log CFU/g reduction of L. innocua on RTE shrimp after the treatments, depending on the inoculated population levels. The coating-treated shrimp samples had significantly (P < 0.05) less L. innocua than controls at each thawing temperature and time. Cryogenic freezing in combination with coating treatments did not achieve synergistic effects against L. innocua. Antimicrobial coatings can help to improve product safety by reducing Listeria on RTE shrimp. C1 [Jin, Tony Z.; Scullen, O. Joseph; Sommers, Christopher H.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Guo, Mingming] Jiangnan Univ, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Jin, TZ (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA USA. EM tony.jin@ars.usda.gov OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 FU U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Current Research Information System through ARS Natl. Program 108 [1935-41000-092-00D, 1935-41420-012-00D] FX This studywas funded by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Current Research Information System project No. 1935-41000-092-00D and 1935-41420-012-00D through ARS Natl. Program 108. The authors wish to thank Anita Parameswaran for technical assistance, Dr Joshua Gurtler for reviewing this manuscript and Dr. John Phillips for statistical analysis. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 78 IS 8 BP M1195 EP M1200 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12180 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 202GT UT WOS:000323202800015 PM 23957407 ER PT J AU Hruska, Z Yao, HB Kincaid, R Darlington, D Brown, RL Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE AF Hruska, Zuzana Yao, Haibo Kincaid, Russell Darlington, Dawn Brown, Robert L. Bhatnagar, Deepak Cleveland, Thomas E. TI Fluorescence Imaging Spectroscopy (FIS) for Comparing Spectra from Corn Ears Naturally and Artificially Infected with Aflatoxin Producing Fungus SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; fluorescence spectra; hyperspectral imaging; maize ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; COMPUTER VISION; MYCOTOXINS; MAIZE; CONTAMINATION; STRATEGIES; PREDICTION; MANAGEMENT; FRUIT; MOLD AB In an effort to address the problem of rapid detection of aflatoxin in grain, particularly oilseeds, the current study assessed the spectral differences of aflatoxin production in kernels from a cornfield inoculated with spores from 2 different strains of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxin production in corn from the same field due to natural infestation was also assessed. A small corn plot in Baton Rouge, La., U.S.A., was used during the 2008-growing season. Two groups of 400 plants were inoculated with 2 different inocula and 1 group of 400 plants was designated as controls. Any contamination detected in the controls was attributed to natural infestation. A subset of each group was imaged with a visible near infra red (VNIR) hyperspectral system under ultra violet (UV) excitation and subsequently analyzed for aflatoxin using affinity column fluorometry. Group differences were statistically analyzed. Results indicate that when all the spectral data across all groups were averaged, any potential differences between groups (treated and untreated) were obscured. However, spectral analysis based on contaminated hot pixel classification showed a distinct spectral shift/separation between contaminated and clean ears with fluorescence peaks at 501 and 478 nm, respectively. All inoculated and naturally infected control ears had fluorescence peaks at 501 nm that differed from uninfected corn ears. Results from this study may be useful in evaluating rapid, noninvasive instrumentation and/or methodology for aflatoxin detection in grain. C1 [Hruska, Zuzana; Yao, Haibo; Kincaid, Russell; Darlington, Dawn] Mississippi State Univ, MSU Sci & Technol Ctr, Geosyst Res Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Brown, Robert L.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cleveland, Thomas E.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Hruska, Z (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, MSU Sci & Technol Ctr, Geosyst Res Inst, 1021 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM hruska@gri.msstate.edu FU USDA [58-6435-3-0121] FX Funding for the current project was provided through the USDA Specific Cooperative Agreement nr 58-6435-3-0121. The authors also wish to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Drs. Kenneth E. Damann and Zhi-Yuan Chen, LSU Dept. of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, who generously provided, seeded and maintained the field for our use, Dr. Gary Windham, MSU, and Brent Ruiz, SRRC-USDA, for providing the inocula. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 78 IS 8 BP T1313 EP T1320 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12202 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 202GT UT WOS:000323202800031 PM 23957423 ER PT J AU Schennink, A Trott, JF Freking, BA Hovey, RC AF Schennink, Anke Trott, Josephine F. Freking, Bradley A. Hovey, Russell C. TI A novel first exon directs hormone-sensitive transcription of the pig prolactin receptor SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE promoter; prolactin receptor; alternative splicing; pig ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; PORCINE PROLACTIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROMOTER USAGE; MESSENGER-RNA; RAT-BRAIN; MAMMARY-GLAND; MULTIPLE; BINDING AB Endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine prolactin (PRL) acts through its receptor (PRLR) to confer a wide range of biological functions, including its established role during lactation. We have identified a novel first exon of the porcine PRLR that gives rise to three different mRNA transcripts. Transcription of this first exon is tissue specific, where it increases during gestation in the adrenal glands and uterus. Within the mammary glands, its transcription is induced by estrogen and PRL, while in the uterus, its expression is downregulated by progestin. The promoter region has an enhancer element located between -453 and -424 bp and a putative repressor element between -648 and -596 bp. Estrogen, acting through the estrogen receptor, activates transcription from this promoter through both E-box and transcription factor AP-2 alpha binding sites. These findings support the concept that the multilevel hormonal regulation of PRLR transcription contributes to the various biological functions of PRL. C1 [Schennink, Anke; Trott, Josephine F.; Hovey, Russell C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Freking, Bradley A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Schennink, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, 2335 Meyer Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM aschennink@ucdavis.edu FU National Research Initiative Competitive from the USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture [2008-35206-18895] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive grant no. 2008-35206-18895 from the USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD PI BRISTOL PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT, ENGLAND SN 0952-5041 J9 J MOL ENDOCRINOL JI J. Mol. Endocrinol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1530/JME-12-0234 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 195NF UT WOS:000322708900002 PM 23576686 ER PT J AU Post, RC Haven, J Eder, J Johnson-Bailey, D Bard, S AF Post, Robert C. Haven, Jackie Eder, Jennifer Johnson-Bailey, Donna Bard, Sasha TI My Plate Reaches More Frontiers SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Post, Robert C.; Haven, Jackie; Eder, Jennifer; Johnson-Bailey, Donna] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA USA. [Bard, Sasha] Nutr Consaltant, Panum Grp, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Post, RC (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 113 IS 8 BP 1014 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jand.2013.06.005 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 196VY UT WOS:000322806700002 PM 23885698 ER PT J AU Dardick, C Callahan, A Horn, R Ruiz, KB Zhebentyayeva, T Hollender, C Whitaker, M Abbott, A Scorza, R AF Dardick, Chris Callahan, Ann Horn, Renate Ruiz, Karina B. Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana Hollender, Courtney Whitaker, Michael Abbott, Albert Scorza, Ralph TI PpeTAC1 promotes the horizontal growth of branches in peach trees and is a member of a functionally conserved gene family found in diverse plants species SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE tree architecture; branch angle; pnomes; gravitropism; Prunus persica; Arabidopsis thaliana ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; PRUNUS-PERSICA; APPLE; COLUMNAR; ARCHITECTURE; PILLAR; IDENTIFICATION; GRAVITROPISM; GENOTYPES; HABITS AB Trees are capable of tremendous architectural plasticity, allowing them to maximize their light exposure under highly competitive environments. One key component of tree architecture is the branch angle, yet little is known about the molecular basis for the spatial patterning of branches in trees. Here, we report the identification of a candidate gene for the br mutation in Prunus persica (peach) associated with vertically oriented growth of branches, referred to as pillar' or broomy'. Ppa010082, annotated as hypothetical protein in the peach genome sequence, was identified as a candidate gene for br using a next generation sequence-based mapping approach. Sequence similarity searches identified rice TAC1 (tiller angle control 1) as a putative ortholog, and we thus named it PpeTAC1. In monocots, TAC1 is known to lead to less compact growth by increasing the tiller angle. In Arabidopsis, an attac1 mutant showed more vertical branch growth angles, suggesting that the gene functions universally to promote the horizontal growth of branches. TAC1 genes belong to a gene family (here named IGT for a shared conserved motif) found in all plant genomes, consisting of two clades: one containing TAC1-like genes; the other containing LAZY1, which contains an EAR motif, and promotes vertical shoot growth in Oryza sativa (rice) and Arabidopsis through influencing polar auxin transport. The data suggest that IGT genes are ancient, and play conserved roles in determining shoot growth angles in plants. Understanding how IGT genes modulate branch angles will provide insights into how different architectural growth habits evolved in terrestrial plants. C1 [Dardick, Chris; Callahan, Ann; Ruiz, Karina B.; Hollender, Courtney; Whitaker, Michael; Scorza, Ralph] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Horn, Renate] Univ Rostock, Dept Plant Genet, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. [Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana; Abbott, Albert] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Whitaker, Michael] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dardick, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM chris.dardick@ars.usda.gov RI Ruiz, Karina/H-8165-2013 OI Ruiz, Karina/0000-0001-5425-3423 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [WVAW-2011-04220] FX We would like to thank our technical support staff Elizabeth Lutton, Linda Dunn and Mark Demuth (USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, WV, USA) for their assistance. Also we give special thanks to Tom Tworkoski (USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, WV, USA) for his input and Mike Wang at the David H. Murdock Research Institute (Kannapolis, NC, USA) for his guidance with Illumina Sequencing applications. Pollen from "Italian Pillar' was kindly provided by A. Liverani, Istituto Sperimentale per la Frutticoltura, Forli. The authors have no conflicts of interest. This project is supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program, grant no. WVAW-2011-04220, from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 70 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 75 IS 4 BP 618 EP 630 DI 10.1111/tpj.12234 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 198CH UT WOS:000322898800008 PM 23663106 ER PT J AU Bassi, FM Kumar, A Zhang, Q Paux, E Huttner, E Kilian, A Dizon, R Feuillet, C Xu, SS Kianian, SF AF Bassi, F. M. Kumar, A. Zhang, Q. Paux, E. Huttner, E. Kilian, A. Dizon, R. Feuillet, C. Xu, S. S. Kianian, S. F. TI Radiation hybrid QTL mapping of Tdes2 involved in the first meiotic division of wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; CHROMOSOME 3B; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DELETION LINES; CROSSING-OVER; COMMON WHEAT; DURUM-WHEAT; GENOME; MAP AB Since the dawn of wheat cytogenetics, chromosome 3B has been known to harbor a gene(s) that, when removed, causes chromosome desynapsis and gametic sterility. The lack of natural genetic diversity for this gene(s) has prevented any attempt to fine map and further characterize it. Here, gamma radiation treatment was used to create artificial diversity for this locus. A total of 696 radiation hybrid lines were genotyped with a custom mini array of 140 DArT markers, selected to evenly span the whole 3B chromosome. The resulting map spanned 2,852 centi Ray with a calculated resolution of 0.384 Mb. Phenotyping for the occurrence of meiotic desynapsis was conducted by measuring the level of gametic sterility as seeds produced per spikelet and pollen viability at booting. Composite interval mapping revealed a single QTL with LOD of 16.2 and r (2) of 25.6 % between markers wmc326 and wPt-8983 on the long arm of chromosome 3B. By independent analysis, the location of the QTL was confirmed to be within the deletion bin 3BL7-0.63-1.00 and to correspond to a single gene located similar to 1.4 Mb away from wPt-8983. The meiotic behavior of lines lacking this gene was characterized cytogenetically to reveal striking similarities with mutants for the dy locus, located on the syntenic chromosome 3 of maize. This represents the first example to date of employing radiation hybrids for QTL analysis. The success achieved by this approach provides an ideal starting point for the final cloning of this interesting gene involved in meiosis of cereals. C1 [Bassi, F. M.; Kumar, A.; Zhang, Q.; Dizon, R.; Kianian, S. F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Bassi, F. M.] Int Ctr Agr Res Dry Areas, Rabat 10112, Morocco. [Paux, E.; Feuillet, C.] UMR INRA UBP 1095, F-63039 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Huttner, E.] Australian Ctr Int Agr Res, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Kilian, A.; Xu, S. S.] Divers Arrays Technol Pty Ltd, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia. [Xu, S. S.] ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Kianian, SF (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Eric.Huttner@aciar.gov.au; S.Kianian@ndsu.edu FU National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) [IOS-0822100]; Program Master and Back Regione Autonoma della Sardegna; Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship FX The authors wish to thank Professor Wojtek Pawlowski (Cornell University, NY) for in-depth revision and insightful comments on this manuscript, Justin Hegstad and Allen Peckrul for their qualified technical help. This work was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) grant No. IOS-0822100 to SFK. F. M. B was partially supported by Program Master and Back Regione Autonoma della Sardegna and Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholarship. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 1977 EP 1990 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2111-z PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200005 PM 23715938 ER PT J AU Gong, L Gulya, TJ Markell, SG Hulke, BS Qi, LL AF Gong, L. Gulya, T. J. Markell, S. G. Hulke, B. S. Qi, L. L. TI Genetic mapping of rust resistance genes in confection sunflower line HA-R6 and oilseed line RHA 397 SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L.; MILDEW PLASMOPARA-HALSTEDII; DOWNY MILDEW; PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FERTILITY RESTORATION; PL5/PL8 LOCUS; NORTH-DAKOTA; EVOLUTION AB Few widely effective resistance sources to sunflower rust, incited by Puccinia helianthi Schwein., have been identified in confection sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The USDA inbred line HA-R6 is one of the few confection sunflower lines resistant to rust. A previous allelism test indicated that rust resistance genes in HA-R6 and RHA 397, an oilseed-type restorer line, are either allelic or closely linked; however, neither have been characterized nor molecularly mapped. The objectives of this study are (1) to locate the rust resistance genes in HA-R6 and RHA 397 on a molecular map, (2) to develop closely linked molecular markers for rust resistance diagnostics, and (3) to determine the resistance spectrum of two lines when compared with other rust-resistant lines. Two populations of 140 F-2:3 families each from the crosses of HA 89, as susceptible parent, with HA-R6 and RHA 397 were inoculated with race 336 of P. helianthi in the greenhouse. The resistance genes (R-genes) in HA-R6 and RHA 397 were molecularly mapped to the lower end of linkage group 13, which encompasses a large R-gene cluster, and were designated as R (13a) and R (13b), respectively. In the initial maps, SSR (simple sequence repeat) and InDel (insertion and deletion) markers revealed 2.8 and 8.2 cM flanking regions for R (13a) and R (13b), respectively, linked with a common marker set of four co-segregating markers, ORS191, ORS316, ORS581, and ZVG61, in the distal side and one marker ORS464 in the proximal side. To identify new markers closer to the genes, sunflower RGC (resistance gene candidate) markers linked to the downy mildew R-gene Pl (8) and located at the same region as R (13a) and R (13b) were selected to screen the two F-2 populations. The RGC markers RGC15/16 and a newly developed marker SUN14 designed from a BAC contig anchored by RGC251 further narrowed down the region flanking R (13a) and R (13b) to 1.1 and 0.1 cM, respectively. Both R (13a) and R (13b) are highly effective against all rust races tested so far. Our newly developed molecular markers will facilitate breeding efforts to pyramid the R (13) genes with other rust R-genes and accelerate the development of rust-resistant sunflower hybrids in both confection and oilseed sunflowers. C1 [Gong, L.; Markell, S. G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Gulya, T. J.; Hulke, B. S.; Qi, L. L.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Qi, LL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM lili.qi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-AMS [12-25-B-1247] FX We thank Drs. Chao-Chien Jan and Zengcui Zhang for critical review of the manuscript, and Angelia Hogness for technical assistance. We also thank Andrew Friskop for providing some single-pustule isolates. This project was supported by the USDA-AMS Cooperative Agreement 12-25-B-1247. NR 71 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 2039 EP 2049 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2116-7 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200010 PM 23719761 ER PT J AU Li, CL Chen, MS Chao, SM Yu, JM Bai, GH AF Li, Chunlian Chen, Mingshun Chao, Shiaoman Yu, Jianming Bai, Guihua TI Identification of a novel gene, H34, in wheat using recombinant inbred lines and single nucleotide polymorphism markers SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HESSIAN FLY-RESISTANCE; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; COMMON WHEAT; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; TRITICUM-TAUSCHII; AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII; DISTAL REGION; D-GENOME; POPULATIONS; INHERITANCE AB Hessian fly (HF), Mayetiola destructor, is an important pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Because it has multiple biotypes that are virulent to different wheat HF resistance genes, pyramiding multiple resistance genes in a cultivar can improve resistance durability, and finding DNA markers tightly linked to these genes is essential to this process. This study identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Hessian fly resistance (HFR) in the wheat cultivar 'Clark' and tightly linked DNA markers for the QTLs. A linkage map was constructed with single nucleotide polymorphism and simple sequence repeat markers using a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross 'Ning7840' x 'Clark' by single-seed descent. Two QTLs associated with resistance to fly biotype GP were identified on chromosomes 6B and 1A, with the resistance alleles contributed from 'Clark'. The QTL on 6B flanked by loci Xsnp921 and Xsnp2745 explained about 37.2 % of the phenotypic variation, and the QTL on 1A was flanked by Xgwm33 and Xsnp5150 and accounted for 13.3 % of phenotypic variation for HFR. The QTL on 6B has not been reported before and represents a novel wheat gene with resistance to HF, thus, it is designated H34. A significant positive epistasis was detected between the two QTLs that accounted for about 9.5 % of the mean phenotypic variation and increased HFR by 0.16. Our results indicated that different QTLs may contribute different degrees of resistance in a cultivar and that epistasis may play an important role in HFR. C1 [Li, Chunlian] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Agron, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Chunlian; Yu, Jianming; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Mingshun; Bai, Guihua] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM gbai@ksu.edu OI Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX This is contribution number 13-002-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. This project is partly funded by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project 2011-68002-30029 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Authors also thank International Wheat SNP Consortium for assembling wheat 9K iSelect chips. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 2065 EP 2071 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2118-5 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200012 PM 23689741 ER PT J AU Bales, C Zhang, GR Liu, MH Mensah, C Gu, CH Song, QJ Hyten, D Cregan, P Wang, DC AF Bales, Carmille Zhang, Guorong Liu, Menghan Mensah, Clarice Gu, Cuihua Song, Qijian Hyten, David Cregan, Perry Wang, Dechun TI Mapping soybean aphid resistance genes in PI 567598B SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE DOMINANT GENE; RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID; INHERITANCE; MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; HEMIPTERA; GERMPLASM; GLYCINES; POPULATIONS; PI-243540 AB The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has been a major pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America since it was first reported in 2000. Our previous study revealed that the strong aphid resistance of plant introduction (PI) 567598B was controlled by two recessive genes. The objective of this study was to locate these two genes on the soybean genetic linkage map using molecular markers. A mapping population of 282 F-4:5 lines derived from IA2070 x E06902 was evaluated for aphid resistance in a field trial in 2009 and a greenhouse trial in 2010. Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified using the composite and multiple interval mapping methods, and were mapped on chromosomes 7 (linkage group M) and 16 (linkage group J), respectively. E06902, a parent derived from PI 567598B, conferred resistance at both loci. In the 2010 greenhouse trial, each of the two QTLs explained over 30 % of the phenotypic variation. Significant epistatic interaction was also found between these two QTLs. However, in the 2009 field trial, only the QTL on chromosome 16 was found and it explained 56.1 % of the phenotypic variation. These two QTLs and their interaction were confirmed with another population consisting of 94 F-2:5 lines in the 2008 and 2009 greenhouse trials. For both trials in the alternative population, these two loci explained about 50 and 80.4 % of the total phenotypic variation, respectively. Our study shows that soybean aphid isolate used in the 2009 field trial defeated the QTL found on chromosome 7. Presence of the QTL on chromosome 16 conferred soybean aphid resistance in all trials. The markers linked to the aphid-resistant QTLs in PI 567598B or its derived lines can be used in marker-assisted breeding for aphid resistance. C1 [Bales, Carmille; Zhang, Guorong; Liu, Menghan; Gu, Cuihua; Wang, Dechun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhang, Guorong] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Mensah, Clarice] Monsanto Co, Huxley, IA 50124 USA. [Song, Qijian; Hyten, David; Cregan, Perry] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Wang, DC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM wangdech@msu.edu OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 NR 45 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 2081 EP 2091 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2120-y PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200014 PM 23689742 ER PT J AU Duangjit, J Bohanec, B Chan, AP Town, CD Havey, MJ AF Duangjit, J. Bohanec, B. Chan, A. P. Town, C. D. Havey, M. J. TI Transcriptome sequencing to produce SNP-based genetic maps of onion SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ALLIUM-CEPA L.; SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATIONS; BULB ONION; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE; REVEALS; MARKERS; FLAVOR; QTL; DNA AB We used the Roche-454 platform to sequence from normalized cDNA libraries from each of two inbred lines of onion (OH1 and 5225). From approximately 1.6 million reads from each inbred, 27,065 and 33,254 cDNA contigs were assembled from OH1 and 5225, respectively. In total, 3,364 well supported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on 1,716 cDNA contigs were identified between these two inbreds. One SNP on each of 1,256 contigs was randomly selected for genotyping. OH1 and 5225 were crossed and 182 gynogenic haploids extracted from hybrid plants were used for SNP mapping. A total of 597 SNPs segregated in the OH1 x 5225 haploid family and a genetic map of ten linkage groups (LOD a parts per thousand yen8) was constructed. Three hundred and thirty-nine of the newly identified SNPs were also mapped using a previously developed segregating family from BYG15-23 x AC43, and 223 common SNPs were used to join the two maps. Because these new SNPs are in expressed regions of the genome and commonly occur among onion germplasms, they will be useful for genetic mapping, gene tagging, marker-aided selection, quality control of seed lots, and fingerprinting of cultivars. C1 [Duangjit, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bohanec, B.] Univ Ljubljana, Biotechnol Fac, Dept Agron, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Chan, A. P.; Town, C. D.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Havey, M. J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Havey, M. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu FU USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2008-51180-04875]; Strategic Scholarships for Frontier Research Network of Thailand's Commission on Higher Education FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of grant 2008-51180-04875 from the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative and scholarship support for JD from the Strategic Scholarships for Frontier Research Network of Thailand's Commission on Higher Education. NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 2093 EP 2101 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2121-x PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200015 PM 23689743 ER PT J AU He, XM Li, YH Pandey, S Yandell, BS Pathak, M Weng, YQ AF He, Xiaoming Li, Yuhong Pandey, Sudhakar Yandell, Brain S. Pathak, Mamta Weng, Yiqun TI QTL mapping of powdery mildew resistance in WI 2757 cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; INHERITANCE; LINKAGE; GENOME; ARCHITECTURE; MARKER; R/QTL; LEAF AB Powdery mildew (PM) is a very important disease of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Resistant cultivars have been deployed in production for a long time, but the genetic mechanisms of PM resistance in cucumber are not well understood. A 3-year QTL mapping study of PM resistance was conducted with 132 F-2:3 families derived from two cucumber inbred lines WI 2757 (resistant) and True Lemon (susceptible). A genetic map covering 610.4 cM in seven linkage groups was developed with 240 SSR marker loci. Multiple QTL mapping analysis of molecular marker data and disease index of the hypocotyl, cotyledon and true leaf for responses to PM inoculation identified six genomic regions in four chromosomes harboring QTL for PM resistance in WI 2757. Among the six QTL, pm1.1 and pm1.2 in chromosome 1 conferred leaf resistance. Minor QTL pm3.1 (chromosome 3) and pm4.1 (chromosome 4) contributed to disease susceptibility. The two major QTL, pm5.1 and pm5.2 were located in an interval of similar to 40 cM in chromosome 5 with each explaining 21.0-74.5 % phenotypic variations. Data presented herein support two recessively inherited, linked major QTL in chromosome 5 plus minor QTL in other chromosomes that control the PM resistance in WI 2757. The QTL pm5.2 for hypocotyl resistance plays the most important role in host resistance. Multiple observations in the same year revealed the importance of scoring time in the detection of PM resistance QTL. Results of this study provided new insights into phenotypic and genetic mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance in cucumber. C1 [He, Xiaoming; Li, Yuhong; Pandey, Sudhakar; Yandell, Brain S.; Pathak, Mamta; Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [He, Xiaoming] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Vegetable Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Li, Yuhong] Northwest A&F Univ, Hort Coll, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Pandey, Sudhakar] Indian Inst Vegetable Res, Varanasi 221305, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Yandell, Brain S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Pathak, Mamta] Punjab Agr Univ, Dept Vegetable Sci, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India. [Weng, Yiqun] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weng, YQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM yiqun.weng@ars.usda.gov FU Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; China Scholarship Council; Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India; Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India FX The authors thank Linda Crubaugh for technical assistance and two anonymous reviewers for critical reading and valuable suggestions to improve an early version of the manuscript. XH was supported by the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China. YL was supported by China Scholarship Council. MP was supported by a training grant from Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. SP was supported by a training grant from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India. The authors greatly appreciate the support of these sponsors. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 2149 EP 2161 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2125-6 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200019 PM 23689747 ER PT J AU Lin, F Zhao, MX Ping, JQ Johnson, A Zhang, B Abney, TS Hughes, TJ Ma, JX AF Lin, Feng Zhao, Meixia Ping, Jieqing Johnson, Austin Zhang, Biao Abney, T. Scott Hughes, Teresa J. Ma, Jianxin TI Molecular mapping of two genes conferring resistance to Phytophthora sojae in a soybean landrace PI 567139B SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID RPS8 MAPS; ROOT-ROT; MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; LINKAGE; RPS1-K; SEQUENCE; CLUSTER; REGION; RJ2 AB Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR), caused by the soil-borne oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae, is one of the most destructive diseases of soybean. PRR can be effectively controlled by race-specific genes conferring resistance to P. sojae (Rps). However, the Rps genes are usually non-durable, as populations of P. sojae are highly diverse and quick to adapt, and can be overcome 8-15 years after deployment. Thus, it is important to identify novel Rps genes for development of resistant soybean cultivars. PI 567139B is a soybean landrace carrying excellent resistance to nearly all predominant P. sojae races in Indiana. A mapping population consisting of 245 F-2 individuals and 403 F-2:3 families was developed from a cross between PI 567139B and the susceptible cultivar 'Williams', and used to dissect the resistance carried by PI 567139B. We found that the resistance in PI 567139B was conferred by two independent Rps genes, designated RpsUN1 and RpsUN2. The former was mapped to a 6.5 cM region between SSR markers Satt159 and BARCSOYSSR_03_0250 that spans the Rps1 locus on chromosome 3, while the latter was mapped to a 3.0 cM region between BARCSOYSSR_16_1275 and Sat_144, approximately 3.0-3.4 cM upstream of Rps2 on chromosome 16. According to the 'Williams 82' reference genome sequence, both regions are highly enriched with NBS-LRR genes. Marker assisted resistance spectrum analyses of these genes with 16 isolates of P. sojae, in combination with the mapping results, suggested that RpsUN1 was likely to be a novel allele at the Rps1 locus, while RpsUN2 was more likely to be a novel Rps gene. C1 [Lin, Feng; Zhao, Meixia; Ping, Jieqing; Johnson, Austin; Zhang, Biao; Ma, Jianxin] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Abney, T. Scott] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Abney, T. Scott; Hughes, Teresa J.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Ma, JX (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM lin104@purdue.edu; hughestj@purdue.edu; maj@purdue.edu RI ZHAO, MEIXIA/N-3124-2015; Lin, Feng/K-1814-2016 OI ZHAO, MEIXIA/0000-0001-8812-8217; Lin, Feng/0000-0001-7491-4444 FU Indiana Soybean Alliance [205267]; Agricultural Alumni Seed Improvement Association; Purdue University Agricultural Research Program FX This work was mainly supported by soybean checkoff funds from the Indiana Soybean Alliance (Grant No. 205267), and partially supported by Agricultural Alumni Seed Improvement Association and the Purdue University Agricultural Research Program. We also thank Elisa Hughes, Brittany Radke, Tomara J. Fleury and Brian Foss for their help in inoculation and preparation of inoculum. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 2177 EP 2185 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2127-4 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200021 PM 23689748 ER PT J AU Li, YH Wen, CL Weng, YQ AF Li, Yuhong Wen, Changlong Weng, Yiqun TI Fine mapping of the pleiotropic locus B for black spine and orange mature fruit color in cucumber identifies a 50 kb region containing a R2R3-MYB transcription factor SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SATIVUS L; GENE-EXPRESSION; APPLE SKIN; GRAPE SKIN; GENOME; LINKAGE; INHERITANCE; PCR; L.; BIOSYNTHESIS AB In cucumber, Cucumis sativus L., the spine and skin colors are two important fruit quality traits for variety improvement. In this study, we investigated the inheritance of spine and mature fruit skin colors in F-2 and F-3 populations derived from a cross between two inbred lines WI7200 (black spine and orange fruit skin colors) and WI7201 (white spine and creamy fruit skin colors). We confirmed that a single, dominant gene, B, controlled both black spine color and orange mature fruit color. Initial framework mapping with microsatellite markers located the B locus in the distal region of the short arm of cucumber chromosome 4. Fine mapping was conducted with draft genome scaffold-assisted chromosome walking and stepwise increase of mapping population sizes, which allowed for the assignment of the B locus to a 50 kb genomic DNA region with two flanking markers that were 0.06 and 0.09 cM, respectively, from the B locus in a mapping population of 2,001 F-2 plants. Gene annotation of this 50 kb region identified six genes including one encoding for a R2R3-MYB transcription factor. Sequence alignment of the R2R3-MYB homologs between the two parent inbreds identified a 1 bp deletion in the third intron of this gene in WI 7201. A molecular marker based on this indel was co-segregating with the spine and fruit colors. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed higher level of expression of this R2R3-MYB gene in WI7200 than in WI7201 in both immature and mature fruits. This R2R3-MYB gene seems to be the best candidate gene for the B locus conditioning black spine and orange mature fruit colors of cultivated cucumber. C1 [Li, Yuhong] Northwest A&F Univ, Hort Coll, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Li, Yuhong; Wen, Changlong; Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wen, Changlong] Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Vegetable Res Ctr, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. [Wen, Changlong] Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China. [Weng, Yiqun] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weng, YQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM yiqun.weng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-SCRI [2011-51181-30661]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31171955]; China Scholarship Council FX The authors thank Linda Crubaugh for technical help, and Michael J. Havey for critical reading of the manuscript. This research was supported by a Grant from USDA-SCRI (Project #2011-51181-30661) to YW. YL's work was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project #31171955). CW's research was sponsored by the China Scholarship Council. NR 49 TC 20 Z9 31 U1 6 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 126 IS 8 BP 2187 EP 2196 DI 10.1007/s00122-013-2128-3 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 190WR UT WOS:000322374200022 PM 23689749 ER PT J AU Patch, JR Kenney, M Pacheco, JM Grubman, MJ Golde, WT AF Patch, Jared R. Kenney, Mary Pacheco, Juan M. Grubman, Marvin J. Golde, William T. TI Characterization of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Function After Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Infection and Vaccination SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRECURSOR POLYPEPTIDE P1; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 2B; CELL RESPONSE; PARTIAL PROTECTION; SECRETORY PATHWAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CAPSID PROTEINS; SUBUNIT VACCINE; NATURAL-KILLER; SWINE AB The induction of neutralizing antibodies specific for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has been the central goal of vaccination efforts against this economically important disease of cloven-hoofed animals. Although these efforts have yielded much success, challenges remain, including little cross-serotype protection and inadequate duration of immunity. Commonly, viral infections are characterized by induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), yet the function of CTL in FMDV immunity is poorly defined. We developed an assay for detection of CTL specific for FMDV and reported that a modified adenovirus-vectored FMDV vaccine could induce CTL activity. This allowed us to determine whether FMDV-specific CTL responses are induced during infection and to test further whether vaccine-induced CTL could protect against challenge with FMDV. We now show the induction of antigen-specific CTL responses after infection of swine with FMDV strain A24 Cruizero. In addition, we developed a vaccination strategy that induces FMDV-specific CTL in the absence of significant neutralizing antibody. Animals vaccinated using this protocol showed delayed clinical disease and significantly suppressed viremia compared to control animals, suggesting a role for CTLs in the control of virus shedding. These results provide new insights showing induction of CTL responses to FMDV following infection or vaccination, and create the potential for improving vaccine performance by targeting cellular immunity. C1 [Patch, Jared R.; Kenney, Mary; Pacheco, Juan M.; Grubman, Marvin J.; Golde, William T.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Golde, WT (reprint author), ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM william.golde@ars.usda.gov OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201 FU CRIS from the Agricultural Research Service, USDA [1940-32000-057-00D] FX The authors would like to thank Ms. Raisa Glabman, Ms. Mital Pandya, and Mr. Ethan Hartwig for their support and assistance with these studies. We thank Scott Arn and Dr. David Sachs of the Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, for providing the NIH mini pigs used in these studies. We would also like to thank the staff of the Animal Resources Unit (Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Department of Homeland Security) for their professional work with the animals used in these experiments. This work was funded by CRIS #1940-32000-057-00D from the Agricultural Research Service, USDA (MJG and WTG). NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0882-8245 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 239 EP 249 DI 10.1089/vim.2013.0011 PG 11 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA 201PM UT WOS:000323154500003 PM 23829779 ER PT J AU Zhao, W Hu, HX Zsak, L Yu, QZ Yang, ZQ AF Zhao, Wei Hu, Haixia Zsak, Laszlo Yu, Qingzhong Yang, Zengqi TI HN gene C-terminal extension of Newcastle disease virus is not the determinant of the enteric tropism SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease virus; HN gene C-terminal extension; Enteric tropism; Reverse genetics ID HEMAGGLUTININ-NEURAMINIDASE PROTEIN; CLEAVAGE SITE; SEQUENCE; FUSION; VIRULENCE; STRAINS; PATHOGENICITY; GLYCOPROTEINS; PATHOGENESIS; ACTIVATION AB The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) plays an important role in virus pathogenicity and tissue tropism. Sequence analysis revealed that the HN gene of many asymptomatic enteric NDV strains encodes a larger open reading frame (616 amino acids, aa) with additional 39 aa at its C-terminus when compared with that (577 aa) of respirotropic NDV strains. Therefore, it has been suspected that the HN C-terminal extension may contribute to the enteric tropism. In the present study, we generated a NDV respirotropic strain LaSota-based recombinant virus with a HN C-terminal extension of 39 aa derived from an enterotropic NDV strain using reverse genetics technology. The biological characterization of the recombinant virus, rLS-HN-ex, showed that the HN C-terminal extension slightly attenuated the virus pathogenicity in embryonated eggs and in day-old chicks when compared to the parental LaSota virus. However, the HN C-terminal extension did not alter virus tissue tropism. In infected chickens, the recombinant virus was detected and re-isolated from the tracheal tissue, but not from the intestinal tissue, exhibiting a similar respirotropic tissue preference as its parental LaSota strain. These results demonstrated that the HN protein C-terminal extension of NDV is not the determinant of the virus enteric tropism. C1 [Zhao, Wei; Yang, Zengqi] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Wei; Hu, Haixia; Zsak, Laszlo; Yu, Qingzhong] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Yang, ZQ (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM zw830424@yahoo.cn; Qingzhong.yu@ars.usda.gov; yzq1106@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU China Scholarship Council; USDA, ARS CRIS Project [6612-32000-067-00D] FX The authors wish to thank Xiuqin Xia and Fenglan Li for excellent technical assistance, Patti Miller for critical review, and the SEPRL sequencing facility personnel for nucleotide sequencing. W. Zhao and H. Hu were sponsored by a scholarship from China Scholarship Council. This research was supported by USDA, ARS CRIS Project 6612-32000-067-00D. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD AUG PY 2013 VL 47 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1007/s11262-013-0903-5 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 197TU UT WOS:000322874900004 PM 23549884 ER PT J AU Al Rwahnih, M Daubert, S Sudarshana, MR Rowhani, A AF Al Rwahnih, Maher Daubert, Steve Sudarshana, Mysore R. Rowhani, Adib TI Gene from a novel plant virus satellite from grapevine identifies a viral satellite lineage SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Plant virus satellite; Panicum mosaic; St. Augustine decline; Bamboo mosaic ID BAMBOO MOSAIC POTEXVIRUS; STEM-LOOP STRUCTURE; CAPSID PROTEIN; 5' REGION; X GENOME; RNA; SEQUENCE; BINDING AB We have identified the genome of a novel viral satellite in deep sequence analysis of double-stranded RNA from grapevine. The genome was 1,060 bases in length, and encoded two open reading frames. Neither frame was related to any known plant virus gene. But translation of the longer frame showed a protein sequence similar to those of other plant virus satellites. Other than in commonalities they shared in this gene sequence, members of that group were extensively divergent. The reading frame in this gene from the novel satellite could be translationally coupled to an adjacent reading frame in the -1 register, through overlapping start/stop codons. These overlapping AUGA start/stop codons were adjacent to a sequence that could be folded into a pseudoknot structure. Field surveys with PCR probes specific for the novel satellite revealed its presence in 3 % of the grapevines (n = 346) sampled. C1 [Al Rwahnih, Maher; Daubert, Steve; Rowhani, Adib] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sudarshana, Mysore R.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Rowhani, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM akrowhani@ucdavis.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD AUG PY 2013 VL 47 IS 1 BP 114 EP 118 DI 10.1007/s11262-013-0921-3 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 197TU UT WOS:000322874900014 PM 23703624 ER PT J AU Mao, WF Kim, T Cheng, HH AF Mao, Weifeng Kim, Taejoong Cheng, Hans H. TI Visualization of Marek's disease virus in vitro using enhanced green fluorescent protein fused with US10 SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Marek's disease virus; US10; Enhanced green fluorescent protein; Bacterial artificial chromosome ID BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA; ONCOGENICITY; SEROTYPE-1; GENOME; MUTANT; GENE AB Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an highly cell-associated avian alphaherpesvirus. Although viral replication is supported in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) or duck embryo fibroblasts, identification of MDV-infected cells is quite cumbersome especially during the early stages of virus replication when plaques can be difficult to recognize. To visualize MDV replication in infected cells and characterize MDV US10 in vitro, rMd5-US10-EGFP, a recombinant MDV, was generated that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a tagged protein fused with US10 at the C-terminal end. The expression of US10-EGFP was detected in infected CEF using fluorescent microscopy and the expression intensity was quantified using flow cytometry analysis. In addition, confocal microscopic analysis provided information on subcellular localization of US10-EGFP in virus-infected cells. In conclusion, rMd5-US10-EGFP virus can be used to help monitor virus activity in vitro. C1 [Mao, Weifeng] Dalian Med Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Dalian 116044, Peoples R China. [Kim, Taejoong; Cheng, Hans H.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 4279 East Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM hans.cheng@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [81201563] FX This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81201563) to WM. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD AUG PY 2013 VL 47 IS 1 BP 181 EP 183 DI 10.1007/s11262-013-0920-4 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 197TU UT WOS:000322874900025 PM 23703623 ER PT J AU Xu, NN Ahuja, EG Janning, P Mavrodi, DV Thomashow, LS Blankenfeldt, W AF Xu, Ningna Ahuja, Ekta Gayanji Janning, Petra Mavrodi, Dmitri Valeryevich Thomashow, Linda S. Blankenfeldt, Wulf TI Trapped intermediates in crystals of the FMN-dependent oxidase PhzG provide insight into the final steps of phenazine biosynthesis SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID COLI PYRIDOXINE-5'-PHOSPHATE OXIDASE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA PYOCYANIN; FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONAS; GENE-CLUSTER; PROTEIN PHZF; PATHWAY; INFECTION; ROLES; ACID AB Phenazines are redox-active secondary metabolites that many bacteria produce and secrete into the environment. They are broad-specificity antibiotics, but also act as virulence and survival factors in infectious diseases. Phenazines are derived from chorismic acid, but important details of their biosynthesis are still unclear. For example, three two-electron oxidations seem to be necessary in the final steps of the pathway, while only one oxidase, the FMN-dependent PhzG, is conserved in the phenazine-biosynthesis phz operon. Here, crystal structures of PhzG from Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 and from Burkholderia lata 383 in complex with excess FMN and with the phenazine-biosynthesis intermediates hexahydrophenazine-1,6-dicarboxylate and tetrahydrophenazine-1-carboxylate generated in situ are reported. Corroborated with biochemical data, these complexes demonstrate that PhzG is the terminal enzyme in phenazine biosynthesis and that its relaxed substrate specificity lets it participate in the generation of both phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC) and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA). This suggests that competition between flavin-dependent oxidations through PhzG and spontaneous oxidative decarboxylations determines the ratio of PDC, PCA and unsubstituted phenazine as the products of phenazine biosynthesis. Further, the results indicate that PhzG synthesizes phenazines in their reduced form. These reduced molecules, and not the fully aromatized derivatives, are the likely end products in vivo, explaining why only one oxidase is required in the phenazine-biosynthesis pathway. C1 [Xu, Ningna; Blankenfeldt, Wulf] Univ Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl Biochem, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany. [Xu, Ningna; Ahuja, Ekta Gayanji; Janning, Petra; Blankenfeldt, Wulf] Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. [Ahuja, Ekta Gayanji] Mithros Chem Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad 500078, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Mavrodi, Dmitri Valeryevich] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Thomashow, Linda S.] ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Blankenfeldt, Wulf] Univ Bayreuth, BZMB, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany. RP Blankenfeldt, W (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl Biochem, Univ Str 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany. EM wulf.blankenfeldt@uni-bayreuth.de RI Mavrodi, Dmitri/J-2745-2013; Blankenfeldt, Wulf/F-8877-2010 OI Blankenfeldt, Wulf/0000-0001-9886-9668 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [BL 587/1-1/2] FX We thank Roger S. Goody for supporting this work. Holger Schmitte is acknowledged for technical assistance. DHHA was a kind gift from DSM Anti Infectives (Delft, The Netherlands). We are grateful to the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, France) and to the Swiss Light Source (Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland) for providing access to their facilities, and to the X-ray communities at the Max Planck Institutes in Dortmund and Heidelberg for help with data collection. This project was supported in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant BL 587/1-1/2 to WB). NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 69 BP 1403 EP 1413 DI 10.1107/S0907444913008354 PN 8 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 191WJ UT WOS:000322445100008 PM 23897464 ER PT J AU Cho, SS Qi, L Fahey, GC Klurfeld, DM AF Cho, Susan S. Qi, Lu Fahey, George C., Jr. Klurfeld, David M. TI Consumption of cereal fiber, mixtures of whole grains and bran, and whole grains and risk reduction in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BODY-MASS INDEX; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; DIETARY GLYCEMIC INDEX; IOWA WOMENS HEALTH; MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN; US BLACK-WOMEN; REFINED-GRAIN; METABOLIC SYNDROME; BREAKFAST CEREALS AB Background: Studies of whole grain and chronic disease have often included bran-enriched foods and other ingredients that do not meet the current definition of whole grains. Therefore, we assessed the literature to test whether whole grains alone had benefits on these diseases. Objective: The objective was to assess the contribution of bran or cereal fiber on the impact of whole grains on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity and body weight measures, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in human studies as the basis for establishing an American Society for Nutrition (ASN) position on this subject. Design: We performed a comprehensive PubMed search of human studies published from 1965 to December 2010. Results: Most whole-grain studies included mixtures of whole grains and foods with >= 25% bran. Prospective studies consistently showed a reduced risk of T2D with high intakes of cereal fiber or mixtures of whole grains and bran. For body weight, a limited number of prospective studies on cereal fiber and whole grains reported small but significant reductions in weight gain. For CVD, studies found reduced risk with high intakes of cereal fiber or mixtures of whole grains and bran. Conclusions: The ASN position, based on the current state of the science, is that consumption of foods rich in cereal fiber or mixtures of whole grains and bran is modestly associated with a reduced risk of obesity, T2D, and CVD. The data for whole grains alone are limited primarily because of varying definitions among epidemiologic studies of what, and how much, was included in that food category. C1 [Cho, Susan S.] NutraSource, Clarksville, MD USA. [Qi, Lu] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fahey, George C., Jr.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Klurfeld, David M.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Klurfeld, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Human Nutr Program, 5601 Sunnyside Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.klurfeld@ars.usda.gov FU CJ CheilJedang; Garuda International; Kellogg Company; Innophos; JRS; Kellogg; Roquette; Roquette America Inc; Ingredion; Abbott Nutrition; Del Monte; Hartz Mountain FX This project was funded by an unrestricted educational grant from CJ CheilJedang, Garuda International, and the Kellogg Company.; SS Cho, research support from Garuda International, Innophos, JRS, Kellogg, Roquette; consultancy for CJ CheilJedang, Corn Products International, Cyvex Nutrition, Optimum Nutrition, Pacific Rainbow, RFI Ingredient, and Shangdong Longlive. L Qi, no disclosures to report. GC Fahey, research support from Roquette America Inc, Ingredion, Abbott Nutrition, Del Monte, and Hartz Mountain; consultancy for Ingredion, Novus International, Procter & Gamble, Perfect Companion Group, Pronaca, Nova Foods, NuPec, Dae Han Feed Co Ltd, Milk Specialties Co, and Watt Publishing Co. DM Klurfeld, was a member of Unilever North America Scientific Advisory Board at the time this work was performed. NR 88 TC 94 Z9 97 U1 10 U2 86 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 98 IS 2 BP 594 EP 619 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.067629 PG 26 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 189SA UT WOS:000322287400058 PM 23803885 ER PT J AU Ohlhorst, SD Russell, R Bier, D Klurfeld, DM Li, ZP Mein, JR Milner, J Ross, AC Stover, P Konopka, E AF Ohlhorst, Sarah D. Russell, Robert Bier, Dennis Klurfeld, David M. Li, Zhaoping Mein, Jonathan R. Milner, John Ross, A. Catharine Stover, Patrick Konopka, Emily TI Nutrition research to affect food and a healthy life span SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID MEDITERRANEAN DIET; CHILDREN AB Proper nutrition offers one of the most effective and least costly ways to decrease the burden of many diseases and their associated risk factors, including obesity. Nutrition research holds the key to increasing our understanding of the causes of obesity and its related comorbidities and thus holds promise to markedly influence global health and economies. After outreach to 75 thought leaders, the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) convened a Working Group to identify the nutrition research needs whose advancement will have the greatest projected impact on the future health and well-being of global populations. ASN's Nutrition Research Needs focus on the following high priority areas: 1) variability in individual responses to diet and foods; 2) healthy growth, development, and reproduction; 3) health maintenance; 4) medical management; 5) nutrition-related behaviors; and 6) food supply/environment. ASN hopes the Nutrition Research Needs will prompt collaboration among scientists across all disciplines to advance this challenging research agenda given the high potential for translation and impact on public health. Furthermore, ASN hopes the findings from the Nutrition Research Needs will stimulate the development and adoption of new and innovative strategies that can be applied toward the prevention and treatment of nutrition-related diseases. The multidisciplinary nature of nutrition research requires stakeholders with differing areas of expertise to collaborate on multifaceted approaches to establish the evidence-based nutrition guidance and policies that will lead to better health for the global population. In addition to the identified research needs, ASN also identified 5 tools that are critical to the advancement of the Nutrition Research Needs: 1) omics, 2) bioinformatics, 3) databases, 4) biomarkers, and 5) cost-effectiveness analysis. C1 [Ohlhorst, Sarah D.; Konopka, Emily] Amer Soc Nutr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Russell, Robert] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Russell, Robert] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bier, Dennis] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Klurfeld, David M.] ARS, Human Nutr Program, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Li, Zhaoping] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Li, Zhaoping] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mein, Jonathan R.] Monsanto Vegetable Seed, Monsanto Ctr Food & Nutr Res, Kannapolis, NC USA. [Milner, John] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ross, A. Catharine] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stover, Patrick] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Ohlhorst, SD (reprint author), Amer Soc Nutr, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM sohlhorst@nutrition.org FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK058144] NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 98 IS 2 BP 620 EP 625 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.067744 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 189SA UT WOS:000322287400059 PM 23783290 ER PT J AU Stephenson, EJ Lessard, SJ Rivas, DA Watt, MJ Yaspelkis, BB Koch, LG Britton, SL Hawley, JA AF Stephenson, Erin J. Lessard, Sarah J. Rivas, Donato A. Watt, Matthew J. Yaspelkis, Ben B., III Koch, Lauren G. Britton, Steven L. Hawley, John A. TI Exercise training enhances white adipose tissue metabolism in rats selectively bred for low- or high-endurance running capacity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE white adipose tissue; exercise; metabolism; mitochondria; lipolysis ID MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE-PHOSPHORYLATION; INTRINSIC AEROBIC CAPACITY; GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT ACTIVITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; FAT-METABOLISM; WHOLE-BODY; OBESE MEN AB Impaired visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) metabolism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several lifestyle-related disease states, with diminished expression of several WAT mitochondrial genes reported in both insulin-resistant humans and rodents. We have used rat models selectively bred for low-(LCR) or high-intrinsic running capacity (HCR) that present simultaneously with divergent metabolic phenotypes to test the hypothesis that oxidative enzyme expression is reduced in epididymal WAT from LCR animals. Based on this assumption, we further hypothesized that short-term exercise training (6 wk of treadmill running) would ameliorate this deficit. Approximately 22-wk-old rats (generation 22) were studied. In untrained rats, the abundance of mitochondrial respiratory complexes I-V, citrate synthase (CS), and PGC-1 was similar for both phenotypes, although CS activity was greater than 50% in HCR (P = 0.09). Exercise training increased CS activity in both phenotypes but did not alter mitochondrial protein content. Training increased the expression and phosphorylation of proteins with roles in beta-adrenergic signaling, including beta(3)-adrenergic receptor (16% increase in LCR; P < 0.05), NOR1 (24% decrease in LCR, 21% decrease in HCR; P < 0.05), phospho-ATGL (25% increase in HCR; P < 0.05), perilipin (25% increase in HCR; P < 0.05), CGI-58 (15% increase in LCR; P < 0.05), and GLUT4 (16% increase in HCR; P < 0.0001). A training effect was also observed for phospho-p38 MAPK (12% decrease in LCR, 20% decrease in HCR; P < 0.05) and phospho-JNK (29% increase in LCR, 20% increase in HCR; P < 0.05). We conclude that in the LCR-HCR model system, mitochondrial protein expression in WAT is not affected by intrinsic running capacity or exercise training. However, training does induce alterations in the activity and expression of several proteins that are essential to the intracellular regulation of WAT metabolism. C1 [Stephenson, Erin J.; Lessard, Sarah J.; Rivas, Donato A.; Hawley, John A.] RMIT Univ, Sch Med Sci, Bundoora, Vic, Australia. [Lessard, Sarah J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rivas, Donato A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Watt, Matthew J.] Monash Univ, Dept Physiol, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Yaspelkis, Ben B., III] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Kinesiol, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. [Koch, Lauren G.; Britton, Steven L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Anesthesiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hawley, John A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Res Inst Sport & Exercise, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England. RP Hawley, JA (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Med Sci, POB 71, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. EM john.hawley@rmit.edu.au RI Watt, Matthew/B-2089-2014; OI Rivas, Donato/0000-0002-4500-6233 FU National Heart Foundation [G 09M 4348]; National Center for Research Resources [R24 RR017718]; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD from the National Institutes of Health [ROD012098A] FX This study was funded in part by a National Heart Foundation Grant-in-Aid (G 09M 4348) to J. A. Hawley. The LCR-HCR rat model system was funded specifically by National Center for Research Resources Grant R24 RR017718 and is currently supported by the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD Grant ROD012098A (to L. G. Koch and S. L. Britton) from the National Institutes of Health. NR 77 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 305 IS 3 BP E429 EP E438 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00544.2012 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 195KS UT WOS:000322701700012 PM 23757406 ER PT J AU Jernigan, D AF Jernigan, Daniel TI Emergence of Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Causing Severe Human Illness-China, February-April 2013 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material AB A new severe avian infl uenza virus (H7N9) has been reported in China. C1 [Jernigan, Daniel] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, China US Collaborat Program Emerging & Reemerging, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Jernigan, Daniel] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jernigan, Daniel] USDA, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Washington, DC USA. RP Jernigan, D (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, China US Collaborat Program Emerging & Reemerging, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM djernigan@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 8 BP 2216 EP 2221 DI 10.1111/ajt.12420 PG 6 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 190HM UT WOS:000322330000037 ER PT J AU Yan, L Yee, JA Cao, J AF Yan, Lin Yee, John A. Cao, Jay TI Curcumin Reduces Trabecular and Cortical Bone in Naive and Lewis Lung Carcinoma-bearing Mice SO ANTICANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Curcumin; bone; morphometrics; remodeling; mice ID RESISTANT ACID-PHOSPHATASE; I CLINICAL-TRIAL; POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS; MATURE OSTEOCLASTS; DIETARY CURCUMIN; MINERAL DENSITY; BREAST-CANCER; GLA-PROTEIN; RAT BONE; RESORPTION AB The present study investigated the effects of curcumin on bone microstructure in non-tumor-bearing and Lewis lung carcinoma-(LLC)-bearing female C57BL/6 mice. Morphometric analysis showed that dietary supplementation with curcumin (2% or 4%) significantly reduced the bone volume to total volume ratio, connectivity density and trabecular number, and significantly increased the structure model index (an indicator of the plate- and rod-like geometry of trabecular structure) and trabecular separation in vertebral bodies compared to controls in both non-tumor-bearing and LLC-bearing mice. Similar changes in trabecular bone were observed in the femoral bone in curcumin-fed mice. Curcumin significantly reduced the cortical bone area to total area ratio and cortical thickness in femoral mid-shaft, but not in vertebral bodies, in both non-tumor-bearing and LLC-bearing mice. Curcumin feeding reduced plasma concentrations of osteocalcin and increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphate 5b in mice regardless of the presence of LLC, indicating that curcumin disrupts the balance of bone remodeling. Our results demonstrated that curcumin reduced the trabecular bone volume and cortical bone density. The skeleton is a favored site of metastasis for many types of cancers, and curcumin has been investigated in clinical trials in patients with cancer for its chemopreventive effects. Our results suggest the possibility of a combined effect of cancer-induced osteolysis and curcumin-stimulated bone loss in patients using curcumin. The assessment of bone structural changes should be considered for those who participate in curcumin clinical trials to determine its effects on skeleton health, particularly for those with advanced malignancies. C1 [Yan, Lin; Cao, Jay] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Yee, John A.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. RP Yan, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave North, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM lin.yan@ars.usda.gov OI yan, lin/0000-0003-3646-6374 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS [5450-51000-045-00D] FX The Authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the following staff of the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center: Lana De Mars and Kay Keehr for technical support, James Lindlauf for preparing experimental diets, and vivarium staff for providing high quality animal care. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Research project 5450-51000-045-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH PI ATHENS PA EDITORIAL OFFICE 1ST KM KAPANDRITIOU-KALAMOU RD KAPANDRITI, PO BOX 22, ATHENS 19014, GREECE SN 0250-7005 J9 ANTICANCER RES JI Anticancer Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 33 IS 8 BP 3153 EP 3161 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 193KS UT WOS:000322559300024 PM 23898073 ER PT J AU Cote, GL Skory, CD Unser, SM Rich, JO AF Cote, Gregory L. Skory, Christopher D. Unser, Suzanne M. Rich, Joseph O. TI The production of glucans via glucansucrases from Lactobacillus satsumensis isolated from a fermented beverage starter culture SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Kefir; Dextran; Mutan; Glucansucrase; Dextransucrase; Lactobacillus ID MESENTEROIDES NRRL B-1355; SUGARY KEFIR GRAINS; STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; DEXTRANSUCRASE; POLYSACCHARIDE; HILGARDII; STRAIN; STAIN; GEL AB Several starter cultures used in the production of fermented beverages were screened for lactic acid bacteria that produced water-insoluble polysaccharides from sucrose. The strain producing the greatest amount was identified as Lactobacillus satsumensis by its 16S RNA sequence and was deposited in the ARS culture collection as NRRL B-59839. This strain produced at least two alpha-d-glucans from sucrose. One was a water-soluble dextran, consisting of predominantly alpha-(1 -> aEuro parts per thousand 6)-linked d-glucose units, and the other was a water-insoluble glucan containing both alpha-(1 -> aEuro parts per thousand 6)-linked and alpha-(1 -> aEuro parts per thousand 3)-linked d-glucose units. The culture fluid was found to contain glucansucrases responsible for the two glucans, and no significant level of fructansucrase was detected. Glucansucrase activity was not present in the culture fluid when the bacteria were grown on glucose, fructose, or raffinose as the carbon source. Although the water-soluble glucans produced by cell-free enzyme and by cell suspensions were essentially identical, the same was not true for the water-insoluble glucans. The water-insoluble glucan produced by cell-free culture fluid contained a higher proportion of alpha-(1 -> aEuro parts per thousand 3)-linked d-glucose units than the water-insoluble glucan produced by cell suspensions. C1 [Cote, Gregory L.; Skory, Christopher D.; Unser, Suzanne M.; Rich, Joseph O.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cote, GL (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM greg.cote@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 97 IS 16 BP 7265 EP 7273 DI 10.1007/s00253-012-4606-y PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 191JB UT WOS:000322408100018 PM 23224406 ER PT J AU Schneider, KJ Tidwell, JH Gomelsky, B Pomper, KW Waldbieser, GC Saillant, E Mather, PB AF Schneider, Kyle J. Tidwell, James H. Gomelsky, Boris Pomper, Kirk W. Waldbieser, Geoffrey C. Saillant, Eric Mather, Peter B. TI Genetic diversity of cultured and wild populations of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879) based on microsatellite analysis SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE freshwater prawn; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; genetic diversity; microsatellite ID HATCHERY STRAINS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; LOCI; INDIVIDUALS; SOFTWARE; MARKERS; EASTERN; L. AB Freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) culture in the Western Hemisphere is primarily, if not entirely, derived from 36 individual prawns originally introduced to Hawaii from Malaysia in 1965 and 1966. Little information is available regarding genetic variation within and among cultured prawn stocks worldwide. The goal of the current study was to characterize genetic diversity in various prawn populations with emphasis on those cultured in North America. Five microsatellite loci were screened to estimate genetic diversity in two wild (Myanmar and India-wild) and seven cultured (Hawaii-1, Hawaii-2, India-cultured, Israel, Kentucky, Mississippi and Texas) populations. Average allelic richness ranged from 3.96 (Israel) to 20.45 (Myanmar). Average expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.580 (Israel) to 0.935 (Myanmar). Many of the cultured populations exhibited reduced genetic diversity when compared with the Myanmar and the India-cultured populations. Significant deficiency in heterozygotes was detected in the India-cultured, Mississippi and Kentucky populations (overall F-is estimated of 0.053, 0.067 and 0.108 respectively) reflecting moderate levels of inbreeding. Overall estimate of fixation index (F-st=0.1569) revealed moderately high levels of differentiation among the populations. Outcome of this study provide a baseline assessment of genetic diversity in some available strains that will be useful for the development of breeding programmes. C1 [Schneider, Kyle J.; Tidwell, James H.; Gomelsky, Boris] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Pomper, Kirk W.] Kentucky State Univ, Community Res Serv, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Waldbieser, Geoffrey C.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS USA. [Saillant, Eric] Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Dept Coastal Sci, Ocean Springs, MS USA. [Mather, Peter B.] Queensland Univ Technol, Fac Sci & Technol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Schneider, KJ (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, 103 Athlet Rd, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. EM kyle.schneider@kysu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture USDA Capacity Building Grant [2006-02916] FX The authors would like to thank the following individuals for assistance with sample collection: Shawn Coyle, Thoroughbred Shrimp, Frankfort, Kentucky; Steve & Dolores Fratesi, Lauren Farms, Leland, Mississippi; Craig Upstrom, Aquaculture of Texas, Weatherford, Texas; Linda Gusman, Island Aquaculture, Kaneohe, Hawaii; Dr. Spencer Malecha, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii; U Tet Toe, WinnerBrothers International, Yangon, Myanmar; Dr. C. Mohanakumaran Nair, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India and Dr. Amir Sagi & Ventura Tomer, University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. The authors thank Mona Kirby, Thad Cochran National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, Stoneville, Mississippi and Jeremy Lowe, Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Kentucky for lab assistance. This project was funded by a United States Department of Agriculture USDA Capacity Building Grant under agreement # 2006-02916. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1355-557X J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 44 IS 9 BP 1425 EP 1437 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2012.03147.x PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 196YT UT WOS:000322814000010 ER PT J AU Ju, ZY Forster, IP Deng, DF Dominy, WG Smiley, S Bechtel, PJ AF Ju, Zhi Yong Forster, Ian P. Deng, Dong-Fang Dominy, Warren G. Smiley, Scott Bechtel, Peter J. TI Evaluation of skate meal and sablefish viscera meal as fish meal replacement in diets for Pacific threadfin (Polydactylus sexfilis) SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE replacement; fishmeal; skate meal; sablefish viscera meal; Pacific threadfin; growth ID DRUM SCIAENOPS-OCELLATUS; BY-PRODUCT MEALS; FED ISONITROGENOUS DIETS; FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; SALAR FED DIETS; BODY-COMPOSITION; PROTEIN-SOURCES; SOYBEAN-MEAL; GROWTH; SALMON AB The objectives of this study were to investigate the nutritional value of skate meal and sablefish viscera meal from Alaskan fishery processing and to ascertain their suitability as replacements for pollock fishmeal in diets for Pacific threadfin (Polydactylus sexfilis). Test diets were made by replacing 50% or 100% protein from fish meal in the control diet with skate or sablefish viscera meal. The test diets and a commercial feed were each assigned to four tanks with eight juvenile fish (9.7g) per tank in an indoor flow-through culture system. After 6weeks, Pacific threadfin fed skate meal-50% and -100% substituted diets exhibited similar weight gains (374%; 369%) and feed conversion ratios (1.29; 1.27) as those fed the control diet (345%; 1.30 respectively) (P>0.05). In contrast, Pacific threadfin fed the sablefish viscera meal-50% substituted diet exhibited significantly lower weight gain (112%) than fish fed the control diets (P<0.05). The fish fed the control diet and skate meal substituted diets also achieved significantly higher (P<0.05) weight gain than those fed the commercial feed (288%). In conclusion, skate meal can fully replace the commercial fishmeal in a Pacific threadfin diet without adversely effecting growth performance. C1 [Ju, Zhi Yong; Deng, Dong-Fang; Dominy, Warren G.] Ocean Inst, Aquat Feeds & Nutr Dept, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. [Forster, Ian P.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, W Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Smiley, Scott] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Kodiak, AK USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, Subarctic Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. RP Ju, ZY (reprint author), Ocean Inst, Aquat Feeds & Nutr Dept, 41-202 Kalanianaole Hwy, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. EM zyju@oceanicinstitute.org FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [59-5320-2-712]; University of Alaska Fairbanks [UAF-05-0039] FX Support for this study from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Grant No 59-5320-2-712, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Sub-award Agreement UAF-05-0039, funded by USDA-ARS, are gratefully acknowledged. The authors also wish to thank Ward Kashiwa, Gavin Nagaue and Richard Lee for their technical assistance with the feeding trial and sample treatment. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1355-557X J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 44 IS 9 BP 1438 EP 1446 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2012.03151.x PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 196YT UT WOS:000322814000011 ER PT J AU Weimer, PJ Digman, MF AF Weimer, P. J. Digman, M. F. TI Fermentation of alfalfa wet-fractionation liquids to volatile fatty acids by Streptococcus bovis and Megasphaera elsdenii SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alfalfa; Fermentation; Lactic acid; Volatile fatty acids; Wet fractionation ID BACTERIA; GROWTH; RUMEN; GLUCOSE; BIOMASS; LACTATE; FEED AB "Green juice", obtained by squeezing fresh alfalfa leaves inoculated with lactic acid bacteria, was fermented at room temperature for 7-21 d to obtain 12-47 g lactic acid L-1. Inoculation of green juice with Streptococcus bovis and incubation at 39 degrees C reduced fermentation time to 8-12 h. The resulting "brown juice" from either fermentation had a pH of similar to 4.5 and a protein precipitate. Upon adjustment to pH 5.2-6.8 and inoculation with Megasphaera elsdenii, brown juice was fermented within 48 h to up to 18 g of mixed volatile fatty acids (VFA) L-1. Single-stage fermentation of green juice by both species in coculture typically resulted in overgrowth of S. bovis and acid inhibition of M. elsdenii, inhibiting VFA production. Because the juice fermentations are conducted without sterilization or supplemental nutrients, they can potentially contribute to an integrated process featuring protein recovery and fermentation of fractionated solids to VFA and other products. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Weimer, P. J.; Digman, M. F.] ARS, USDA, USDFRC, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weimer, P. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weimer, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USDFRC, 1925 Linden Dr West, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Paul.Weimer@ars.usda.gov; Matthew.Digman@-kuhn.com FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service though CRIS project [3655-41000-00-06D] FX We thank Michael Boettcher and Kjell Bakke for assistance in wet fractionation, and Christine Odt for HPLC analysis. This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service though CRIS project 3655-41000-00-06D. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 142 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.016 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 189UC UT WOS:000322292800013 PM 23732922 ER PT J AU Avci, A Saha, BC Kennedy, GJ Cotta, MA AF Avci, Ayse Saha, Badal C. Kennedy, Gregory J. Cotta, Michael A. TI Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of corn stover for enzymatic hydrolysis and efficient ethanol production by recombinant Escherichia coli FBR5 without detoxification SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Corn stover; Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Recombinant Escherichia coli FBR5; Ethanol fermentation ID WHEAT-STRAW; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; HOT-WATER; FERMENTATION; FRACTIONATION; BIOMASS; LIME; LIGNOCELLULOSICS; OPTIMIZATION; INHIBITORS AB A pretreatment strategy for dilute H2SO4 pretreatment of corn stover was developed for the purpose of reducing the generation of inhibitory substances during pretreatment so that a detoxification step is not required prior to fermentation while maximizing sugar yield. The optimal conditions for pretreatment of corn stover (10%, w/v) were: 0.75% H2SO4, 160 degrees C, and 0-5 min holding time. The conditions were chosen based on maximum glucose release after enzymatic hydrolysis, minimum loss of pentose sugars and minimum formation of sugar degradation products such as furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural. The pretreated corn stover after enzymatic saccharification generated 63.2 +/- 2.2 and 63.7 +/- 2.3 g total sugars per L at 0 and 5 min holding time, respectively. Furfural production was 0.45 +/- 0.1 and 0.87 +/- 0.4 g/L, respectively. The recombinant Escherichia coli strain FBR5 efficiently fermented non-detoxified corn stover hydrolyzate if the furfural content is <0.5 g/L. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Avci, Ayse; Saha, Badal C.; Kennedy, Gregory J.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Avci, Ayse] Sakarya Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Food Engn, TR-54187 Sakarya, Turkey. RP Avci, A (reprint author), Sakarya Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Food Engn, TR-54187 Sakarya, Turkey. EM aysea@sakarya.edu.tr OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 FU Turkish Council of Higher Education FX A. Avci greatfully acknowledges the fellowship offered by the Turkish Council of Higher Education to conduct this research at USDA-ARS and Sakarya University for study leave. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 142 BP 312 EP 319 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.002 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 189UC UT WOS:000322292800042 PM 23747442 ER PT J AU Brose, PH Dey, DC Guyette, RP Marschall, JM Stambaugh, MC AF Brose, Patrick H. Dey, Daniel C. Guyette, Richard P. Marschall, Joseph M. Stambaugh, Michael C. TI The influences of drought and humans on the fire regimes of northern Pennsylvania, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID PINE FORESTS; HISTORY; COLORADO; CLIMATE; RECRUITMENT; MOUNTAINS; LANDSCAPE AB Understanding past fire regimes is necessary to justify and implement restoration of disturbance-associated forests via prescribed fire programs. In eastern North America, the characteristics of many presettlement fire regimes are unclear because of the passage of time. To help clarify this situation, we developed a 435-year fire history for the former conifer forests of northern Pennsylvania. Ninety-three cross sections of fire-scarred red pines (Pinus resinosa Aiton) collected from three sites were analyzed to determine common fire regime characteristics. Prior to European settlement, fires occurred every 35-50 years and were often large dormant-season burns that sometimes initiated red pine regeneration. American Indians probably ignited these fires. Fire occurrence had a weak association with multiyear droughts. After European settlement started around 1800, fires occurred every 5-7 years due to widespread logging. Fire size and seasonality expanded to include small growing-season fires. The weak drought-fire association ceased. In the early 1900s, logging ended and wildfire control began. Since then, fires have been nearly absent from the sites despite several multiyear droughts in the 20th century. The human influences of cultural burning, logging, and fire exclusion are more important than the influence of drought to the fire regimes of northern Pennsylvania. C1 [Brose, Patrick H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. [Dey, Daniel C.] Univ Missouri, USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Guyette, Richard P.; Marschall, Joseph M.; Stambaugh, Michael C.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Brose, PH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 335 Natl Forge Rd, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. EM pbrose@fs.fed.us RI Clark, Stacy/I-3410-2015 FU Joint Fire Science Program; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX We thank the Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry, especially Doug D'Amore, whose initial enthusiasm and guidance spurred this study and the finding of the first study site. Additionally, we thank the staffs of the Tiadaghton and Tioga State Forests for their permission to conduct this research on their lands, their help with locating other potential sites, and access to the sites. We also thank Eric Baxter and Greg Sanford of the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, for all their hard work in collecting the samples. We are indebted to Tim Fox of the Northern Research Station for preparing the maps used in the spatial analysis as well as in this manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program and the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 21 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 43 IS 8 BP 757 EP 767 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2012-0463 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 193RP UT WOS:000322579500009 ER PT J AU Tepley, AJ Swanson, FJ Spies, TA AF Tepley, Alan J. Swanson, Frederick J. Spies, Thomas A. TI Fire-mediated pathways of stand development in Douglas-fir/western hemlock forests of the Pacific Northwest, USA SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE developmental pathways; Douglas-fir; forest age structure; mixed-severity fire regime; Pacific Northwest; USA; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tsuga heterophylla; western hemlock ID OLD-GROWTH; WESTERN OREGON; DISTURBANCE; ENVIRONMENT; WASHINGTON; PATTERNS; REGIMES AB Forests dominated by Douglas-fir and western hemlock in the Pacific Northwest of the United States have strongly influenced concepts and policy concerning old-growth forest conservation. Despite the attention to their old-growth characteristics, a tendency remains to view their disturbance ecology in relatively simple terms, emphasizing infrequent, stand-replacing (SR) fire and an associated linear pathway toward development of those old-growth characteristics. This study uses forest stand- and age-structure data from 124 stands in the central western Cascades of Oregon to construct a conceptual model of stand development under the mixed-severity fire regime that has operated extensively in this region. Hierarchical clustering of variables describing the age distributions of shade-intolerant and shade-tolerant species identified six groups, representing different influences of fire frequency and severity on stand development. Douglas-fir trees >400 years old were found in 84% of stands, yet only 18% of these stands (15% overall) lack evidence of fire since the establishment of these old trees, whereas 73% of all stands show evidence of at least one non-stand-replacing (NSR) fire. Differences in fire frequency and severity have contributed to multiple development pathways and associated variation in contemporary stand structure and the successional roles of the major tree species. Shade-intolerant species form a single cohort following SR fire, or up to four cohorts per stand in response to recurring NSR fires that left living trees at densities up to 45 trees/ha. Where the surviving trees persist at densities of 60-65 trees/ha, the postfire cohort is composed only of shade-tolerant species. This study reveals that fire history and the development of old-growth forests in this region are more complex than characterized in current stand-development models, with important implications for maintaining existing old-growth forests and restoring stands subject to timber management. C1 [Tepley, Alan J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Tepley, Alan J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Swanson, Frederick J.; Spies, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Tepley, AJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Guggenheim 110,Campus Box 260, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Alan.Tepley@Colorado.edu FU National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) fellowship in Ecosystem Informatics at Oregon State University (NSF) [0333257]; H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest and Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program [NSF DEB 0823380]; PNW Research Station; James H. Duke, Jr. Graduate Fellowship; Alfred W. Moltke Memorial Scholarship; College of Forestry Graduate Fellowship at Oregon State University FX This research benefited from field and lab assistance from Dan Irvine, Aidan Padilla, Biniam Iyob, and Keala Hagmann, and feedback from members of the U.S. Forest Service PNW Research Station and Willamette National Forest. We thank Julia Jones, Chris Daly, Enrique Thomann, and three anonymous reviewers for reviews of earlier drafts. Jeffrey Luftig provided advice on statistical analyses. Support was provided by a National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) fellowship in Ecosystem Informatics at Oregon State University (NSF Award 0333257), and by the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest and Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program (NSF DEB 0823380), the PNW Research Station, and the James H. Duke, Jr. Graduate Fellowship, Alfred W. Moltke Memorial Scholarship, and College of Forestry Graduate Fellowship at Oregon State University. NR 35 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 9 U2 70 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD AUG PY 2013 VL 94 IS 8 BP 1729 EP 1743 DI 10.1890/12-1506.1 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 190JU UT WOS:000322336600008 PM 24015517 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, S Voss, KA AF Yamamoto, Shigeki Voss, Kenneth A. TI Risk control and food safety FOREWORD SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Yamamoto, Shigeki] Minist Hlth Labor & Welf, Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Div Biomed Food Res, Tokyo, Japan. [Voss, Kenneth A.] ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Yamamoto, S (reprint author), Minist Hlth Labor & Welf, Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Div Biomed Food Res, Tokyo, Japan. EM ken.voss@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 30 IS 8 SI SI BP 1349 EP 1350 DI 10.1080/19440049.2013.812440 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 195IV UT WOS:000322696500001 PM 23862713 ER PT J AU Brown, RL Menkir, A Chen, ZY Bhatnagar, D Yu, JJ Yao, HB Cleveland, TE AF Brown, Robert L. Menkir, Abebe Chen, Zhi-Yuan Bhatnagar, Deepak Yu, Jiujiang Yao, Haibo Cleveland, Thomas E. TI Breeding aflatoxin-resistant maize lines using recent advances in technologies - a review SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE resistance screening; host resistance; proteomics; resistance-associated proteins; breeding markers; aflatoxin; Aspergillus; maize; resistance; breeding ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS INFECTION; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; COLI BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; CORN TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; ABSCISIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENOTYPES RESISTANT AB Aflatoxin contamination caused by Aspergillus flavus infection of corn is a significant and chronic threat to corn being used as food or feed. Contamination of crops at levels of 20ngg(-1) or higher (as regulated by the USFDA) by this toxin and potent carcinogen makes the crop unsalable, resulting in a significant economic burden on the producer. This review focuses on elimination of this contamination in corn which is a major US crop and the basis of many products. Corn is also nature's example of a crop containing heritable resistance to aflatoxin contamination, thereby serving as a model for achieving resistance to aflatoxin contamination in other crops as well. This crop is the largest production grain crop worldwide, providing food for billions of people and livestock and critical feedstock for production of biofuels. In 2011, the economic value of the US corn crop was US$76 billion, with US growers producing an estimated 12 billion bushels, more than one-third of the world's supply. Thus, the economics and significance of corn as a food crop and the threat to food safety due to aflatoxin contamination of this major food crop have prompted the many research efforts in many parts of the world to identify resistance in corn to aflatoxin contamination. Plant breeding and varietal selection has been used as a tool to develop varieties resistance to disease. This methodology has been employed in defining a few corn lines that show resistance to A. flavus invasion; however, no commercial lines have been marketed. With the new tools of proteomics and genomics, identification of resistance mechanisms, and rapid resistance marker selection methodologies, there is an increasing possibility of finding significant resistance in corn, and in understanding the mechanism of this resistance. C1 [Brown, Robert L.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Yu, Jiujiang; Cleveland, Thomas E.] ARS, Southern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Menkir, Abebe] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Chen, Zhi-Yuan] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Yao, Haibo] Mississippi State Univ, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Cleveland, TE (reprint author), ARS, Southern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. EM Ed.Cleveland@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 96 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 46 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 EI 1944-0057 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 30 IS 8 SI SI BP 1382 EP 1391 DI 10.1080/19440049.2013.812808 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 195IV UT WOS:000322696500006 PM 23859902 ER PT J AU Voss, KA Riley, RT Moore, ND Burns, TD AF Voss, K. A. Riley, R. T. Moore, N. D. Burns, T. D. TI Alkaline cooking (nixtamalisation) and the reduction in the in vivo toxicity of fumonisin-contaminated corn in a rat feeding bioassay SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE nixtamalisation (alkaline cooking); fumonisins; toxicity; invivo bioassay ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; TORTILLA CHIPS; B-1; MASA; ACCUMULATION; METABOLISM; MYCOTOXINS; CULTURE; MAIZE; MICE AB Nixtamalisation is a widely used food processing method in which whole kernel corn is cooked and steeped in alkaline water. It reduces the amount of fumonisin B1 (FB1) that can be detected after cooking. However, the fate of FB1 during nixtamalisation is not fully understood and potentially toxic reaction products, including matrix-associated masked FB1 forms that are not detected by routine analytical methods might remain in nixtamalised corn. To assess how nixtamalisation of whole kernel corn affects fumonisin toxicity, male rats were fed diets containing low, mid or high levels of uncooked (LU, MU, HU) or alkaline cooked (LC, MC, HC) FB1-contaminated corn for 3 weeks. The control diet contained uncontaminated corn only. Apoptotic kidney lesions of the type caused by FB1 were not found in the LC or MC groups. Lesions in the group fed HC were minimal and less severe than those found in the rats fed LU, MU or HU. Furthermore, significantly increased sphinganine and sphingosine concentrations indicative of FB1 exposure were found in the kidneys of the rats given LU, MU or HU. Concentrations were also elevated, but to a lesser extent, in rats fed HC, whereas sphinganine and sphingosine concentrations in rats given LC or MC did not differ from the control group. FB1 concentrations in the LC (0.08mgkg(-1)), MC (0.13mgkg(-1)) and HC (0.37mgkg(-1)) diets were markedly reduced compared with their LU (1.8mgkg(-1)), MU (3.5mgkg(-1)) and HU (4.2mgkg(-1)) counterparts as determined by HPLC (n=1 analysis/diet). Taken together, the findings show that nixtamalisation is an effective cooking method for reducing the potential toxicity of FB1 contaminated corn. C1 [Voss, K. A.; Riley, R. T.; Burns, T. D.] ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Moore, N. D.] Univ Georgia, Paul D Coverdell Ctr Biomed & Life Sci, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Voss, KA (reprint author), ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA USA. EM Ken.Voss@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 30 IS 8 SI SI BP 1415 EP 1421 DI 10.1080/19440049.2012.712064 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 195IV UT WOS:000322696500010 PM 22947306 ER PT J AU Seim, GL Ahn, CI Bodis, MS Luwedde, F Miller, DD Hillier, S Tako, E Glahn, RP Young, SL AF Seim, Gretchen L. Ahn, Cedric I. Bodis, Mary S. Luwedde, Flavia Miller, Dennis D. Hillier, Stephen Tako, Elad Glahn, Raymond P. Young, Sera L. TI Bioavailability of iron in geophagic earths and clay minerals, and their effect on dietary iron absorption using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model SO FOOD & FUNCTION LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; POULTRY GALLUS-GALLUS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; ANEMIA; NUTRITION; BEANS; PICA; PROVIDE; ZINC; RED AB Geophagy, the deliberate consumption of earth, is strongly associated with iron (Fe) deficiency. It has been proposed that geophagy may be practiced as a means to improve Fe status by increasing Fe intakes and, conversely, that geophagy may cause Fe deficiency by inhibiting Fe absorption. We tested these hypotheses by measuring Fe concentration and relative bioavailable Fe content of 12 samples of geophagic earth and 4 samples of pure clay minerals. Further, we assessed the impact of these samples on the bioavailability of Fe from an Fe-rich test meal (cooked white beans, WB). Fe concentrations were measured with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Fe bioavailability was determined using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model in which ferritin formation was used as an index of Fe bioavailability. Geophagic earth and clay mineral samples were evaluated with this model, both alone and in combination with WB (1 : 16 ratio, sample : WB). Median Fe concentration of the geophagic earth was 3485 (IQR 2462, 14 571) mu g g(-1) and mean Fe concentration in the clay minerals was 2791 (+1782) mu g g(-1). All specimens had Fe concentrations significantly higher (p <= 0.005) than the Fe concentration of WB (77 mu g g(-1)). Ferritin formation (i.e. Fe uptake) in cells exposed to geophagic earths and clay minerals was significantly lower than in cells exposed to WB (p <= 0.05) and Fe uptake responses of 11 of the 16 samples were not significantly different from the blank, indicating no bioavailable Fe. When samples were combined with WB, 5 of 16 had mean ferritin levels that were significantly lower (p <= 0.05, one tail) than the WB alone, indicating that the samples inhibited Fe uptake from the WB. None of the ferritin responses of cells exposed to both WB and earth/clay were significantly higher than WB alone. Thus, although geophagic earths and mineral clays are high in total Fe, very little of this Fe is bioavailable. Further, some geophagic earth and clay mineral samples inhibit Fe absorption from foods. In vivo research is warranted to confirm these observations and to determine if geophagic earth samples can be a source of Fe and/or inhibit Fe absorption. C1 [Seim, Gretchen L.; Young, Sera L.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ahn, Cedric I.; Miller, Dennis D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bodis, Mary S.; Tako, Elad; Glahn, Raymond P.] Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY USA. [Luwedde, Flavia] Univ Calif San Francisco, Makerere Univ, Res Collaborat, Tororo, Uganda. [Hillier, Stephen] James Hutton Inst, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Hillier, Stephen] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Soil & Environm, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Seim, GL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sly3@cornell.edu RI Hillier, Stephen/C-6555-2008 OI Hillier, Stephen/0000-0001-9652-9950 FU Thrasher Fund; National Institute of Mental Health [K01 MH098902-01] FX The authors would like to thank Dr Jeff Wilson for his earlier work analysing the Zanzibari specimens. We gratefully acknowledge research support from the Thrasher Fund. SLY was supported by K01 MH098902-01 from the National Institute of Mental Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Mental Health or the National Institutes of Health. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-6496 J9 FOOD FUNCT JI Food Funct. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 4 IS 8 BP 1263 EP 1270 DI 10.1039/c3fo30380b PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA 188IZ UT WOS:000322188000013 PM 23787405 ER PT J AU de Jonge, R Bolton, MD Kombrink, A van den Berg, GCM Yadeta, KA Thomma, BPHJ AF de Jonge, Ronnie Bolton, Melvin D. Kombrink, Anja van den Berg, Grardy C. M. Yadeta, Koste A. Thomma, Bart P. H. J. TI Extensive chromosomal reshuffling drives evolution of virulence in an asexual pathogen SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RICE BLAST FUNGUS; VERTICILLIUM-ALBO-ATRUM; FILAMENTOUS ASCOMYCETE FUNGI; CHITIN-TRIGGERED IMMUNITY; DE-NOVO IDENTIFICATION; MAGNAPORTHE-ORYZAE; MYCOSPHAERELLA-GRAMINICOLA; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; RESISTANCE GENES; RNA-SEQ AB Sexual recombination drives genetic diversity in eukaryotic genomes and fosters adaptation to novel environmental challenges. Although strictly asexual microorganisms are often considered as evolutionary dead ends, they comprise many devastating plant pathogens. Presently, it remains unknown how such asexual pathogens generate the genetic variation that is required for quick adaptation and evolution in the arms race with their hosts. Here, we show that extensive chromosomal rearrangements in the strictly asexual plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae establish highly dynamic lineage-specific (LS) genomic regions that act as a source for genetic variation to mediate aggressiveness. We show that such LS regions are greatly enriched for in planta-expressed effector genes encoding secreted proteins that enable host colonization. The LS regions occur at the flanks of chromosomal breakpoints and are enriched for retrotransposons and other repetitive sequence elements. Our results suggest that asexual pathogens may evolve by prompting chromosomal rearrangements, enabling rapid development of novel effector genes. Likely, chromosomal reshuffling can act as a general mechanism for adaptation in asexually propagating organisms. C1 [de Jonge, Ronnie; Kombrink, Anja; van den Berg, Grardy C. M.; Yadeta, Koste A.; Thomma, Bart P. H. J.] Wageningen Univ, Phytopathol Lab, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bolton, Melvin D.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Thomma, Bart P. H. J.] Ctr BioSyst Genom, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Thomma, BPHJ (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Phytopathol Lab, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. EM bart.thomma@wur.nl RI Thomma, Bart/E-5959-2011; de Jonge, Ronnie/I-3260-2016 OI Thomma, Bart/0000-0003-4125-4181; de Jonge, Ronnie/0000-0001-5065-8538 FU Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO-ALW); Centre for BioSystems Genomics (CBSG); Technology Foundation STW; ERA-NET Plant Genomics; USDA-ARS CRIS project [5442-22000-042-00D] FX We thank X. Wang for technical assistance and T. Friesen, H. de Jong, F. Debets, P. de Wit, M. Joosten, J. van Kan, Eva Stukenbrock, and Julien Dutheil for helpful discussions. B.P.H.J.T. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO-ALW), the Centre for BioSystems Genomics (CBSG), Technology Foundation STW, and ERA-NET Plant Genomics. M.D.B. is supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5442-22000-042-00D. NR 102 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 5 U2 53 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 EI 1549-5469 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 23 IS 8 BP 1271 EP 1282 DI 10.1101/gr.152660.112 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 193RS UT WOS:000322579800007 PM 23685541 ER PT J AU Jiang, JH Ge, X Li, ZQ Wang, YQ Song, QS Stanley, DW Tan, AJ Huang, YP AF Jiang, Jianhao Ge, Xie Li, Zhiqian Wang, Yueqiang Song, Qisheng Stanley, David W. Tan, Anjiang Huang, Yongping TI MicroRNA-281 regulates the expression of ecdysone receptor (EcR) isoform B in the silkworm, Bombyx mori SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bombyx mori; miRNA-281; Ecdysone receptor; 20-Hydroxyecdysone ID ADULT DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; METAMORPHOSIS; GENE; 20-HYDROXYECDYSONE; TRANSCRIPTION; HORMONE; TARGETS; TISSUES; MIRNAS AB Insect development and metamorphosis are regulated by the coordination of ecdysone and juvenile hormones. Insect microRNAs (miRNAs) also act in insect development and metamorphosis by regulating genes in the ecdysone cascade. Although hundreds of insect miRNAs have been identified, the physiological functions of most remain poorly understood. Here, we report that a conserved insect miRNA, microRNA-281 (miR-281), regulates the ecdysone receptor (EcR), in an isoform-specific manner in the silkworm Bombyx mori. The B. mori EcR (BmEcR) gene encodes three isoforms: BmEcR-A, BmEcR-B1 and BmEcR-B2. The 3'UTR regions of A and B genes, which contain multiple potential microRNA targeting sites, are distinct. Target prediction revealed that miR-281 may specifically target the 3'UTR of BmEcR-B. Using a dual luciferase reporter assay in HEK293T cells, we confirmed that miR-281 suppressed transcription of BmEcR-B but not BmEcR-A. The expression of miR-281 and BmEcR-B are well coordinated in the Malpighian tubules from the fourth larval molt to pupation. In the Malpighian tubules of fifth instar larvae, BmEcR-B protein expression was down-regulated after injection of a miR-281 mimic while upregulated after injection of a miR-281 inhibitor. miR-281 expression was suppressed by 20-hydroxyecdysone treatments but not affected by juvenile hormone treatments. Based on these findings, we propose that miR-281 participates in B. mori developmental regulation in the Malpighian tubules through suppression of BmEcR-B expression. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, Jianhao; Ge, Xie; Li, Zhiqian; Wang, Yueqiang; Tan, Anjiang; Huang, Yongping] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Jianhao; Ge, Xie; Li, Zhiqian; Wang, Yueqiang] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Song, Qisheng] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Stanley, David W.] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO USA. RP Tan, AJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. EM bombyxtan@gmail.com; yphuang@sibs.ac.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB114101]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31030060, 30825007] FX We thank Dr. Mofang Liu, Dr. Shuai Jiang and Mr. Minghua Lu for help with the experiments and their suggestions. This project was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB114101) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31030060, 30825007). Any mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply a recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. All programs and services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status or handicap. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 58 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 43 IS 8 BP 692 EP 700 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.05.002 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 193LQ UT WOS:000322561700008 PM 23707601 ER PT J AU Chen, H Zhu, YC Whitworth, RJ Reese, JC Chen, MS AF Chen, Hang Zhu, Yu Cheng Whitworth, R. Jeff Reese, John C. Chen, Ming-Shun TI Serine and cysteine protease-like genes in the genome of a gall midge and their interactions with host plant genotypes SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hessian fly genome; Mayetiola destructor; Serine protease; Cysteine protease; Gut proteinases ID TRYPSIN-LIKE CDNAS; HESSIAN FLY; MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR; PROTEOLYTIC-ENZYMES; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; PROTEINASE-INHIBITORS; CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE; GUT PROTEINASE; INSECT AB Proteases play important roles in a wide range of physiological processes in organisms. For plant-feeding insects, digestive proteases are targets for engineering protease inhibitors for pest control. In this study, we identified 105 putative serine- and cysteine-protease genes from the genome of the gall midge Mayetiola destructor (commonly known as Hessian fly), a destructive pest of wheat. Among the genes, 31 encode putative trypsins, 18 encode putative chymotrypsins, seven encode putative cysteine proteases, and the remaining may encode either other proteases or protease homologues. Developmental stage- and tissue-specific expression profiles of the genes encoding putative typsins, chymotrypsins, and cysteine proteases were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Comparative analyses of stage- and tissue-specific expression patterns suggested that several genes are likely to encode digestive proteases in the M. destructor larval gut, including genes encoding putative trypsins MDP3, MDP5, MDP9, MDP24, MDP48, MDP51, MDP57, MDP61, MDP71, and MDP90; genes encoding putative chymotrypsins MDP1, MDP7, MDP8, MDP18, MDP19, and MDP20; and genes encoding putative cysteine proteases MDP95 and MDP104. The expression of some protease genes was affected by plant genotypes. Genes encoding trypsins MDP3, MDP9, and MPD23, chymotrypsins MDP20 and MDP21, and cysteine proteases MDP99 and MDP104 were upregulated in M. destructor larvae feeding in resistant plants, whereas genes encoding trypsins MDP12, MDP24, and MDP33, and chymotrypsins mdp8, mdp15, and mdp16 were downregulated in M. destructor larvae feeding in resistant plants. This study provides a foundation for further comparative studies on proteases in different insects, and further characterization of M. destructor digestive proteases and their interactions with host plants, as well as potential targets for transgenic wheat plants. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chen, Hang; Whitworth, R. Jeff; Reese, John C.; Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Hang] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Resource Insect, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yu Cheng] ARS, USDA, JWDSRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM mchen@ksu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [USDA NIFA 2010-03741]; National Natural Sciences Foundation of China [30800105] FX This contribution No. for this paper is 13-052-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Hessian fly voucher specimens (No. 150) are located in the KSU Museum of Entomological and Prairie Arthropod Research, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas. The authors want to thank Drs. Kun Yan Zhu and Michael Smith for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript. The research was partially supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA NIFA 2010-03741) and a grant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (grant no.30800105). NR 54 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 EI 1879-0240 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 43 IS 8 BP 701 EP 711 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.05.006 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 193LQ UT WOS:000322561700009 PM 23727407 ER PT J AU Lemke, D Schweitzer, CJ Tazisong, IA Wang, Y Brown, JA AF Lemke, D. Schweitzer, C. J. Tazisong, I. A. Wang, Y. Brown, J. A. TI Invasion of a mined landscape: what habitat characteristics are influencing the occurrence of invasive plants? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINING RECLAMATION AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE invasive plants; surface mining; restoration ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; PAULOWNIA-TOMENTOSA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; CHINESE PRIVET; SURFACE MINES; GLOBAL CHANGE; SOIL TEST; FOREST; TREE; ECOLOGY AB Throughout the world, the invasion of alien plants is an increasing threat to native biodiversity. Invasion is especially prevalent in areas affected by land transformation and anthropogenic disturbance. Surface mines are a major disturbance, and thus may promote the establishment and expansion of invasive plant communities. Environmental and habitat factors that may contribute to favourable conditions for heightened plant invasion were examined using the Shale Hills region (SHR) of Alabama as a case study. Overall the invasive community was predominantly associated with forest structure and composition. At an individual species level, forest structure and composition also dominated models; however, soil characteristics were also integrated. The influence of planting alien, invasive species in this area is likely the major driver of the high diversity of invasive plants, with three of the six dominant species being planted. Adjusting the reclamation plantings to native species would aid in reducing the number and diversity of invasive plants. Overall, it appears that the initial reclamation efforts, apart from the planting of alien species, are not the major driver impacting the invasive plant composition of the reclaimed, now forested mine sites. C1 [Lemke, D.; Brown, J. A.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Math & Stat, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Lemke, D.; Tazisong, I. A.; Wang, Y.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Schweitzer, C. J.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Normal, AL USA. RP Lemke, D (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Math & Stat, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. EM dawn.lemke@aamu.edu FU United States Office of Surface Mining (OSM) [S09AC15438] FX We wish to thank the United States Office of Surface Mining for supporting this work (OSM cooperative agreement S09AC15438). Also we would like to thank Shelly Baltar (AAMU), Matthew Carr (USFS), Ryan Sisk (USFS) and Dana Virone (AAMU) for their assistance in the field and with data processing and Clinton Patterson (AAMU) for assistance with statistical analysis. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 70 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1748-0930 J9 INT J MIN RECLAM ENV JI Int. J. Min. Reclam. Environ. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 275 EP 293 DI 10.1080/17480930.2012.699215 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 194EV UT WOS:000322614700005 ER PT J AU Casas, E Leach, RJ Reinhardt, TA Thallman, RM Lippolis, JD Bennett, GL Kuehn, LA AF Casas, E. Leach, R. J. Reinhardt, T. A. Thallman, R. M. Lippolis, J. D. Bennett, G. L. Kuehn, L. A. TI A genomewide association study identified CYP2J2 as a gene controlling serum vitamin D status in beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cattle; CYP2J2; genomewide association study; heritability; vitamin D 25-hydroxylase; vitamin D status ID CONTROL PRINCIPLES; WIDE ASSOCIATION; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; MILK FEVER; TWINS; HERITABILITY; VARIABILITY; IMPUTATION; GENOTYPES; ENZYMES AB Vitamin D is an important modulator of calcium homeostasis and has several effects on the immune system. The objective of the study was to estimate its heritability and to identify genomic regions associated with concentration of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in beef cattle. Status of vitamin D was measured in crossbred animals from Cycle VII of the United States Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC) Germplasm Evaluation Project. Progeny were born from March through May in 2008 and in 2010. Heritability was estimated and a genomewide association study was conducted on the concentration of 25OHD measured in 1,432 animals at preconditioning and 1,333 animals at weaning. Genotyping of the population was done by imputing from the parental generation genotyped with a high density array (777,000 SNP) to a target population genotyped with a medium density SNP array (50,000 SNP). After imputation, 675,018 SNP were used in the genomewide association study. Heritability of concentration of circulating 25OHD in cattle at preconditioning and at weaning was 0.41 +/- 0.08 and 0.32 +/- 0.11, respectively. A region on chromosome 3 was associated with circulating 25OHD. The region on BTA3 had 7 SNP significantly (P < 7.4 x 10(-8)) associated at the genomewide level with serum concentrations of serum 25OHD. Genome-wide significant SNP spanned the region between 84.93 and 86.65 megabases (Mb); however, 6 SNP reside between 86.64 and 86.65 Mb. The gene CYP2J2 was identified as a candidate gene associated with concentrations of serum 25OHD in cattle. This is 1 of 6 enzymes involved in metabolizing vitamin D to 25OHD. Results from the present study suggest that CYP2J2 is a gene controlling serum 25OHD concentrations in cattle. CYP2J2 should be considered a prime candidate for understanding both genetic and physiological factors affecting serum 25OHD concentrations in cattle and, therefore, vitamin D status. C1 [Casas, E.; Reinhardt, T. A.; Lippolis, J. D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Leach, R. J.; Thallman, R. M.; Bennett, G. L.; Kuehn, L. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Casas, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Eduardo.Casas@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 IS 8 BP 3549 EP 3556 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-6020 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 193UX UT WOS:000322588100007 PM 23736055 ER PT J AU Leach, RJ Chitko-McKown, CG Bennett, GL Jones, SA Kachman, SD Keele, JW Leymaster, KA Thallman, RM Kuehn, LA AF Leach, R. J. Chitko-McKown, C. G. Bennett, G. L. Jones, S. A. Kachman, S. D. Keele, J. W. Leymaster, K. A. Thallman, R. M. Kuehn, L. A. TI The change in differing leukocyte populations during vaccination to bovine respiratory disease and their correlations with lung scores, health records, and average daily gain SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; bovine respiratory disease; genetic correlation; genetics; immune response; immunology ID FEEDLOT CATTLE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; BEEF-CALVES; INNATE AB Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most economically important disease in U.S. feedlots. Infection can result in morbidity, mortality, and reduced average daily gain. Cheap and reliable genetic methods of prediction and protection from BRD would be highly advantageous to the industry. The immune response may correlate with BRD incidence. Cattle (n = 2,182) were vaccinated against common viral and bacterial pathogens of BRD. Two blood samples were collected, one during booster vaccination and one 21d later, enabling 3 phenotypes for each trait [prebooster (pre), postbooster (post), and delta (post minus pre)]. From the blood samples innate and adaptive responses [counts of white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils] were measured. In addition, feedlot ADG and binary traits [health records (HR; 0 = healthy, 1 = ill) and lung scores (LS; collected at harvest; 0 = no lesions, 1 = lesions)] were also recorded. Traits ADG, HR, and LS have all been significantly correlated with infection to BRD. In this investigation we aimed to find correlations between the immune response and ADG, HR, and LS to find an easily measurable trait that would be a good predictor of BRD resistance after vaccination. The results showed an average positive delta for the innate immune response (eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils), whereas the adaptive immune response had an average negative delta (lymphocytes). Overall, we discovered that the immune responses had moderately high heritabilities (h(2); lowest: delta monocytes, 0.21 +/- 0.05; greatest: pre lymphocytes: 0.5 +/- 0.05), with lymphocytes having the greatest h2 throughout the study (h(2) = 0.41). All genetic correlations were calculated using bivariate REML models. Although LS did not significantly correlate with any of the immune phenotypes, both ADG (post lymphocytes, -0.24 +/- 0.12) and HR (pre eosinophils, -0.67 +/- 0.29; delta WBC, -0.5 +/- 0.24, and delta lymphocytes, -0.67 +/- 0.21) did. All the significant genetic correlations with HR were negative; resistance to BRD appears to be a function of greater delta lymphocytes and WBC. The increase in eosinophils may potentially link its role in decreasing lymphocytes. These results may enable producers to predict if revaccination, quarantine, and breeding of animals is required to reduce the incidence of BRD postvaccination. In addition, immunological phenotypes maybe used to aid genomic selection indices to select animals with greater rates of protection after BRD vaccination. C1 [Leach, R. J.; Chitko-McKown, C. G.; Bennett, G. L.; Jones, S. A.; Keele, J. W.; Leymaster, K. A.; Thallman, R. M.; Kuehn, L. A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Kachman, S. D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Leach, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM richard.j.leach@ars.usda.gov OI Kachman, Stephen/0000-0003-0506-513X NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 IS 8 BP 3564 EP 3573 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5911 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 193UX UT WOS:000322588100009 PM 23736052 ER PT J AU Stowe, HM Miller, M Burns, MG Calcatera, SM Andrae, JG Aiken, GE Schrick, FN Cushing, T Bridges, WC Pratt, SL AF Stowe, H. M. Miller, M. Burns, M. G. Calcatera, S. M. Andrae, J. G. Aiken, G. E. Schrick, F. N. Cushing, T. Bridges, W. C. Pratt, S. L. TI Effects of fescue toxicosis on bull growth, semen characteristics, and breeding soundness evaluation SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breeding soundness exam; computer assisted semen analysis; fescue toxicosis; scrotal circumference ID ENDOPHYTE-INFECTED FESCUE; YEARLING BEEF BULLS; TALL FESCUE; SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE; DAIRY BULLS; REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY; HOLSTEIN BULLS; SPERM OUTPUT; HEAT-STRESS; ERGOVALINE AB Tall fescue possesses heat, drought, and pest resistance conferred to the plant by its mutualistic relationship with the ergot alkaloid producing fungal endophyte, Neotyphodium coenophialum. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of ergot alkaloid consumption on growth, scrotal circumference (SC), and semen quality. The SC measurement and percentage of motile and normal sperm were used to determine if a bull passed the breeding soundness exam (BSE) requirements. Bulls (n = 14) between 13 and 16 mo of age exhibiting >= 32 cm SC and having passed a BSE were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments accounting for BCS and BW. Bulls were fed the treatment diet containing toxic tall fescue seed (E+; 0.8 mu g of ergovaline and ergovalanine/g DM) or the control diet containing endophyte-free nontoxic tall fescue seed (E-) for 126 d. Blood samples were collected and BSE and BCS accessed at the start of the test (d 0) and every 21 d to the end of test (d 126). Weights were obtained on d 0 and d 126. Serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations were affected by treatment x day interactions (P = 0.04) verifying the effectiveness of the E+ diet. Bulls consuming the E+ diet exhibited declining PRL concentrations from 250 +/- 52.1 ng/mL on d 0 to 30.6 +/- 46.9 ng/mL by d 126 whereas bulls receiving the E- ration maintained serum PRL concentrations greater than or equal to 226.7 +/- 50.4 ng/mL across the 126-d study. Body condition score (P = 0.4) and BW (P = 0.4) were not different between treatments. No difference due to treatment was observed for the percentage of bulls passing a standard BSE exam (P = 0.6) and no treatment effect was observed for any semen characteristic measured by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA; P >= 0.2). The SC was negatively affected by treatment x day interaction (P = 0.04) with E- bulls exhibiting a larger SC at d 126 compared with E+ bulls of 36.7 +/- 0.8 versus 34.3 +/- 0.8 cm, respectively. Within treatment, E+ bulls exhibited a decrease in SC (P = 0.0001) with a d 0 SC of 37.3 +/- 0.8 cm and dropping to 34.3 +/- 0.8 by d 126. Theoretically, reduced SC would negatively impact semen quality, but this was not observed. However, CASA and BSE evaluation data are consistent with recent reports indicating that bulls grazing E+ tall fescue exhibited only subtle, if any, differences on semen characteristics. C1 [Stowe, H. M.; Miller, M.; Burns, M. G.; Calcatera, S. M.; Andrae, J. G.; Bridges, W. C.; Pratt, S. L.] Clemson Univ, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Aiken, G. E.] ARS, USDA, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Schrick, F. N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Cushing, T.] Clemson Univ, Columbia, SC 29229 USA. RP Pratt, SL (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM scottp@clemson.edu FU NIFA/USDA [SC-1700376]; National Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-38942-20745]; Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service FX This material is based on work supported by NIFA/USDA, under project number SC-1700376, and was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-38942-20745 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service and has been assigned Technical Contribution No. 6092 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 IS 8 BP 3686 EP 3692 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-6078 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 193UX UT WOS:000322588100020 PM 23739791 ER PT J AU Hales, KE Bondurant, RG Luebbe, MK Cole, NA MacDonald, JC AF Hales, K. E. Bondurant, R. G. Luebbe, M. K. Cole, N. A. MacDonald, J. C. TI Effects of crude glycerin in steam-flaked corn-based diets fed to growing feedlot cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; crude glycerin; growing diets ID APPARENT METABOLIZABLE ENERGY; DAIRY-COWS; PERFORMANCE AB Crude glycerin is a by-product of biodiesel production and has recently become more available as a livestock feed with the growth of the biofuel industry. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of crude glycerin (GLY) as a feed ingredient in steam-flaked corn (SFC)-based growing diets fed to beef cattle. In Exp. 1, crossbred steers (n = 50; initial BW = 282 +/- 2 kg) were used to determine the effects of GLY when included at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% of DM in a growing diet on cattle performance. In Exp. 2, crossbred steers (n = 54; initial BW = 283 +/- 1 kg) were used to determine the effects of replacing SFC (REPSFC) or alfalfa hay (REPAH) with 7.5% GLY or a control diet without GLY (CON) on growing steer performance. In Exp. 1, final BW tended to respond in a quadratic manner (P = 0.09) in which it increased from 0 to 7.5% GLY and decreased from 7.5 to 10% GLY. Dry matter intake did not differ (P > 0.23), yet ADG responded quadratically (P = 0.04), where it increased from 0 to 7.5% GLY and decreased from 7.5 to 10% GLY. Feed efficiency (G: F) decreased linearly (P = 0.05) with increasing GLY concentration. In Exp. 2, final BW was greater for steers fed REPAH than CON or REPSFC (P = 0.04). Steers fed REPAH had a greater ADG than CON or REPSFC (P = 0.04). When GLY replaced SFC, ADG increased from 0 to 7.5% GLY where it was maximized before decreasing from 7.5 to 10% GLY inclusion. Replacing 7.5% of alfalfa hay (AH) in a growing diet with GLY can be beneficial to animal performance, which is likely the result of GLY being greater in energy than AH. C1 [Hales, K. E.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Bondurant, R. G.; MacDonald, J. C.] West Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Luebbe, M. K.; MacDonald, J. C.] Texas AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Cole, N. A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Hales, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM kristin.hales@ars.usda.gov FU Texas Department of Agriculture Food and Fibers Research Grant Program FX This research was partially funded by a grant from the Texas Department of Agriculture Food and Fibers Research Grant Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 IS 8 BP 3875 EP 3880 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5944 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 193UX UT WOS:000322588100041 PM 23658347 ER PT J AU Koontz, AF Kim, DH Foote, AP Bush, LP Klotz, JL McLeod, KR Harmon, DL AF Koontz, A. F. Kim, D. H. Foote, A. P. Bush, L. P. Klotz, J. L. McLeod, K. R. Harmon, D. L. TI Alteration of fasting heat production during fescue toxicosis in Holstein steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bovine; fasting heat production; fescue ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; THERMAL REGULATION; BEEF STEERS; WHOLE-BODY; ENDOPHYTE; CATTLE; ENERGY; METABOLISM; RESPONSES; SHEEP AB This study was designed to examine alteration of fasting heat production (FHP) during fescue toxicosis. Six ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (BW = 348 +/- 13 kg) were BW-matched into pairs and used in a 2 period crossover design experiment. Each period consisted of 2 temperature segments, one each at 22 and 30 C. During each period, 1 steer per pair was ruminally dosed twice daily with 0.5 kg of ground endophyte-infected fescue seed (E+) and the other with ground endophyte-free fescue seed (E-) for 7 d. Steers on E-treatment were pair-fed to E+ steers offered alfalfa cubes at 1.5 x NEm. On d 8 of each segment, steers were moved to individual metabolism stalls fitted with indirect calorimetry head boxes. Ruminal contents were removed, weighed, and subsampled for DM determinations. The reticulorumen was washed and filled with a buffer (NaCl = 96; NaHCO3 = 24; KHCO3 = 30; K2HPO4 = 2; CaCl2 = 1.5; MgCl2 = 1.5 mmol.kg buffer(-1)) that was gassed with a 75% N-2 and 25% CO2 mixture before rumen incubation. During buffer incubation, an E+ or E-fescue seed extract was added at 12 h intervals to maintain treatment presentation to the animal. After a 12-h wait, heart rate, O-2 consumption, CO2 production, and urinary output were recorded for 16 h. There was no difference (P = 0.931) in DMI/kg(0.75) between endophyte treatments by design; however, intake decreased (P = 0.004) at 30 degrees C. Increased temperature had no effect (P > 0.10) on other measurements and there were no significant interactions (P > 0.11) of temperature and endophyte treatment. Heart rate was unaffected by fescue treatment or environmental temperature. Percent DM of ruminal contents as well as total rumen DM/kg(0.75) was increased (P < 0.0001) in E+ steers. Respiratory quotient was elevated (P = 0.02) in E+ steers. Oxygen consumption decreased (P = 0.04) and CO2 production tended to be reduced (P = 0.07) during E+ treatment. Calculated FHP (kcal/kg BW0.75) was also less (P = 0.006) in steers receiving E+ treatment. These data suggest that consumption of endophyte-infected tall fescue by cattle results in a reduction in basal metabolic rate. C1 [Koontz, A. F.; Kim, D. H.; Foote, A. P.; McLeod, K. R.; Harmon, D. L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Bush, L. P.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Klotz, J. L.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Harmon, DL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dharmon@uky.edu NR 54 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 IS 8 BP 3881 EP 3888 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6232 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 193UX UT WOS:000322588100042 PM 23908162 ER PT J AU Connor, EE Hutchison, JL Norman, HD Olson, KM Van Tassell, CP Leith, JM Baldwin, RL AF Connor, E. E. Hutchison, J. L. Norman, H. D. Olson, K. M. Van Tassell, C. P. Leith, J. M. Baldwin, R. L. TI Use of residual feed intake in Holsteins during early lactation shows potential to improve feed efficiency through genetic selection SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy cow; feed efficiency; genetic selection; residual feed intake ID BEEF-CATTLE; DAIRY HEIFERS; PHENOTYPIC RELATIONSHIPS; METHANE PRODUCTION; CARCASS MERIT; GROWTH-RATE; BEHAVIOR; ULTRASOUND; TRAITS; COWS AB Improved feed efficiency is a primary goal in dairy production to reduce feed costs and negative impacts of production on the environment. Estimates for efficiency of feed conversion to milk production based on residual feed intake (RFI) in dairy cattle are limited, primarily due to a lack of individual feed intake measurements for lactating cows. Feed intake was measured in Holstein cows during the first 90 d of lactation to estimate the heritability and repeatability of RFI, minimum test duration for evaluating RFI in early lactation, and its association with other production traits. Data were obtained from 453 lactations (214 heifers and 239 multiparous cows) from 292 individual cows from September 2007 to December 2011. Cows were housed in a free-stall barn and monitored for individual daily feed consumption using the GrowSafe 4000 System (GrowSafe Systems, Ltd., Airdrie, AB, Canada). Animals were fed a total mixed ration 3 times daily, milked twice daily, and weighed every 10 to 14 d. Milk yield was measured at each milking. Feed DM percentage was measured daily, and nutrient composition was analyzed from a weekly composite. Milk composition was analyzed weekly, alternating between morning and evening milking periods. Estimates of RFI were determined as the difference between actual energy intake and predicted intake based on a linear model with fixed effects of parity (1, 2, >= 3) and regressions on metabolic BW, ADG, and energy-corrected milk yield. Heritability was estimated to be moderate (0.36 +/- 0.06), and repeatability was estimated at 0.56 across lactations. A test period through 53 d in milk (DIM) explained 81% of the variation provided by a test through 90 DIM. Multiple regression analysis indicated that high efficiency was associated with less time feeding per day and slower feeding rate, which may contribute to differences in RFI among cows. The heritability and repeatability of RFI suggest an opportunity to improve feed efficiency through genetic selection, which could reduce feed costs, manure output, and greenhouse gas emissions associated with dairy production. C1 [Connor, E. E.; Van Tassell, C. P.; Baldwin, R. L.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hutchison, J. L.; Norman, H. D.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Olson, K. M.] Natl Assoc Anim Breeders, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. [Leith, J. M.] ARS, Res Support Serv, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Connor, EE (reprint author), ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM erin.connor@ars.usda.gov OI Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087 NR 44 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 51 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 IS 8 BP 3978 EP 3988 DI 10.2527/jas.2012-5977 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 193UX UT WOS:000322588100051 PM 23658326 ER PT J AU Ohlhorst, SD Russell, R Bier, D Klurfeld, DM Li, Z Mein, JR Milner, J Ross, AC Stover, P Konopka, E AF Ohlhorst, Sarah D. Russell, Robert Bier, Dennis Klurfeld, David M. Li, Zhaoping Mein, Jonathan R. Milner, John Ross, A. Catharine Stover, Patrick Konopka, Emily TI Nutrition research to affect food and a healthy life span SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID MEDITERRANEAN DIET; CHILDREN AB Proper nutrition offers one of the most effective and least costly ways to decrease the burden of many diseases and their associated risk factors, including obesity. Nutrition research holds the key to increasing our understanding of the causes of obesity and its related comorbidities and thus holds promise to markedly influence global health and economies. After outreach to 75 thought leaders, the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) convened a Working Group to identify the nutrition research needs whose advancement will have the greatest projected impact on the future health and well-being of global populations. ASN's Nutrition Research Needs focus on the following high priority areas: 1) variability in individual responses to diet and foods; 2) healthy growth, development, and reproduction; 3) health maintenance; 4) medical management; 5) nutrition-related behaviors; and 6) food supply/environment. ASN hopes the Nutrition Research Needs will prompt collaboration among scientists across all disciplines to advance this challenging research agenda given the high potential for translation and impact on public health. Furthermore, ASN hopes the findings from the Nutrition Research Needs will stimulate the development and adoption of new and innovative strategies that can be applied toward the prevention and treatment of nutrition-related diseases. The multidisciplinary nature of nutrition research requires stakeholders with differing areas of expertise to collaborate on multifaceted approaches to establish the evidence-based nutrition guidance and policies that will lead to better health for the global population. In addition to the identified research needs, ASN also identified 5 tools that are critical to the advancement of the Nutrition Research Needs: 1) omics, 2) bioinformatics, 3) databases, 4) biomarkers, and 5) cost-effectiveness analysis. C1 [Ohlhorst, Sarah D.; Konopka, Emily] Amer Soc Nutr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Russell, Robert] NIH Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD USA. [Russell, Robert] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bier, Dennis] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Klurfeld, David M.] USDA ARS, Human Nutr Program, Beltsville, MD USA. [Li, Zhaoping] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Li, Zhaoping] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mein, Jonathan R.] Monsanto Ctr Food & Nutr Res, Kannapolis, NC USA. [Milner, John] NIH Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. [Ross, A. Catharine] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stover, Patrick] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Ohlhorst, SD (reprint author), Amer Soc Nutr, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM sohlhorst@nutrition.org FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK058144] NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 143 IS 8 BP 1349 EP 1354 DI 10.3945/jn.113.180638 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 190NU UT WOS:000322348300022 PM 23784071 ER PT J AU Venu, RC Sreerekha, MV Madhav, MS Nobuta, K Mohan, KM Chen, SB Jia, YL Meyers, BC Wang, GL AF Venu, R. C. Sreerekha, M. V. Madhav, M. Sheshu Nobuta, Kan Mohan, K. Madhan Chen, Songbiao Jia, Yulin Meyers, Blake C. Wang, Guo-Liang TI Deep transcriptome sequencing reveals the expression of key functional and regulatory genes involved in the abiotic stress signaling pathways in rice SO JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Abiotic stress; Expression profiling; Next generation sequencing; MPSS and SBS ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; HIGH-SALINITY STRESSES; DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY; CIS-ACTING ELEMENTS; ABSCISIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LOW-TEMPERATURE; CROSS-TALK; PROTEIN-KINASES; DROUGHT STRESS AB Drought, salt and cold are the major abiotic stresses that limit the rice production. Identification of the key functional and regulatory genes in the abiotic stress signaling pathways is important for understanding the molecular basis of abiotic stress tolerance. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomes of rice leaves and roots under cold, drought, and salt stresses using the massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) and sequencing by synthesis (SBS) technologies. About 1.8 to 2.6 million individual signatures were obtained from the seven abiotic-stressed and control libraries of the japonica cultivar Nipponbare. A total of 102,630 and 1,414,788 distinct signatures were obtained from the MPSS and SBS libraries, respectively. Clustering analysis identified many up- and down-regulated genes specifically and commonly expressed in the cold, drought and salt-treated plant leaves and roots. Data mining revealed the expression patterns of key functional and regulatory genes that were involved in different abiotic stress signaling pathways. Highly conserved cis-regulatory elements in the promoter of the up-regulated genes were identified. Our comprehensive and deep survey of abiotic stress transcriptome of rice has provided candidate genes for further understanding the molecular basis of abiotic stress tolerance in rice. C1 [Venu, R. C.; Sreerekha, M. V.; Madhav, M. Sheshu; Chen, Songbiao; Wang, Guo-Liang] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wang, Guo-Liang] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Nobuta, Kan; Meyers, Blake C.] Univ Delaware, Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Venu, R. C.; Jia, Yulin] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Madhav, M. Sheshu; Mohan, K. Madhan] Directorate Rice Res, Biotechnol Lab, Hyderabad 500030, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Chen, Songbiao] Fujian Acad Agr Sci, Biotechnol Res Inst, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Wang, GL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM wang.620@osu.edu RI Meyers, Blake/B-6535-2012 OI Meyers, Blake/0000-0003-3436-6097 FU National Science Foundation [0701745, 0321437] FX This work was supported by the Plant Genome Research Program of the National Science Foundation (#0701745 and 0321437). NR 87 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 64 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1226-9239 J9 J PLANT BIOL JI J. Plant Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 216 EP 231 DI 10.1007/s12374-013-0075-9 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 195WE UT WOS:000322733500004 ER PT J AU Dea, S Plotto, A Manthey, JA Raithore, S Irey, M Baldwin, E AF Dea, Sharon Plotto, Anne Manthey, John A. Raithore, Smita Irey, Mike Baldwin, Elizabeth TI Interactions and Thresholds of Limonin and Nomilin in Bitterness Perception in Orange Juice and Other Matrices SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Article ID KEY AROMA COMPONENTS; RELATIVE BITTERNESS; FLAVOR THRESHOLDS; CITRUS; TASTE; QUALITY; DISEASE; ODOR; NARINGIN AB Limonin and nomilin are two bitter compounds present in citrus and are thought to cause off-flavor in Huanglongbing (HLB)-infected fruit/juice. This study determined the best estimate thresholds of limonin, nomilin and their combination in matrices composed of sugars and acids at levels found in orange juice, and in orange juice, using the three-alternate forced-choice methodology. Further, the effect of sucrose or citric acid in orange juice on the bitterness perception of both compounds was investigated. In a simple matrix (sucrose and citric acid), the threshold of limonin was 4.0 mg/L, lower than the threshold of nomilin, which was 5.4 mg/L. Together in a 1: 1 ratio, limonin and nomilin acted synergistically and both thresholds decreased. When adding nomilin at a fixed subthreshold concentration of 2 mg/L, limonin threshold decreased to 2.6 mg/L. Recognition thresholds in orange juice were 4.7 and 2.6 mg/L for limonin and nomilin, respectively. Added sucrose, but not citric acid, decreased the perception of bitterness induced by limonin and nomilin in orange juice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Florida orange juice processors are encountering increased juice bitterness resulting from elevated levels of the bitter compounds limonin and nomilin due to citrus greening or Huanglongbing disease (HLB). Increased knowledge of sensory perception of limonin and nomilin in orange juice will help processors determine the final quality of juice made with fruit from groves infected with HLB. In a model solution, nomilin decreased the perception threshold of limonin. In orange juice, recognition thresholds were 4.7 and 2.6 mg/L for limonin and nomilin, respectively, suggesting that orange juice containing such levels of these two compounds would taste bitter. As sucrose decreased bitterness perception of juice spiked with limonin and nomilin, blending with juice having higher sugar levels could be used for bitter off-flavor management for juice made with fruit strongly affected by the disease. C1 [Dea, Sharon; Plotto, Anne; Manthey, John A.; Raithore, Smita; Baldwin, Elizabeth] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Irey, Mike] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL USA. RP Plotto, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM anne.plotto@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 28 IS 4 BP 311 EP 323 DI 10.1111/joss.12046 PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 195CQ UT WOS:000322679400008 ER PT J AU Franklin, DH Steiner, JL Duke, SE Moriasi, DN Starks, PJ AF Franklin, Dorcas H. Steiner, Jean L. Duke, Sara E. Moriasi, Daniel N. Starks, Patrick J. TI SPATIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN WET AND DRY PERIODS FOR PHOSPHORUS IN STREAMS OF THE FORT COBB WATERSHED, UNITED STATES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE phosphorus; watershed; water quality; spatial autocorrelation; recursive partitioning ID LAND-USE; AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF; RIVER-BASIN; FLOW REGIME; EUTROPHICATION; QUALITY; SEDIMENT; NITROGEN; SOILS; BIOAVAILABILITY AB The Fort Cobb Watershed in Oklahoma has diverse biogeophysical settings and provides an opportunity to explore the association of water quality with a diverse set of landscapes during both wet (April 2007-December 2009) and dry (January 2005-March 2007) periods. The objective of this work was to identify spatial patterns in phosphorus (P) (soluble reactive P [SRP] and bioavailable P [BAP]) associated with landscape metrics for two distinct streamflow regimes. Spatial autocorrelation of P was evaluated using contiguous (side-by-side) and upstream (upstream: downstream) connectivity matrices. Biogeophysical metrics were compiled for each contributing area, and were partitioned based on association to P concentrations. Results for both SRP and BAP indicated that spatial autocorrelation was present (p < 0.05). There was more spatial autocorrelation and stream P concentrations were three to five times higher in the Wet phase than in the Dry phase (p < 0.05). Analysis with recursive partitioning resulted in higher R 2 with spatial autocorrelation than without spatial autocorrelation and indicated that lateral metrics (topography, soil, geology, management) were better predictors for SRP than instream metrics. During Wet phase, lateral metrics indicative of rapid surface and subsurface water movement were associated with higher P stream concentrations. This research demonstrated that we can detect landscapes more vulnerable to P losses and/or contaminations in either drought or very wet periods. C1 [Franklin, Dorcas H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Steiner, Jean L.; Moriasi, Daniel N.; Starks, Patrick J.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Duke, Sara E.] USDA ARS, SPA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Franklin, DH (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 3111 Miller Plant Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dfrankln@uga.edu OI Moriasi, Daniel N/0000-0002-3389-3277 NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 908 EP 922 DI 10.1111/jawr.12048 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 193RZ UT WOS:000322580500013 ER PT J AU Tavernia, BG Nelson, MD Caldwell, P Sun, G AF Tavernia, Brian G. Nelson, Mark D. Caldwell, Peter Sun, Ge TI WATER STRESS PROJECTIONS FOR THE NORTHEASTERN AND MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES IN 2060: ANTHROPOGENIC AND ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE fish; climate variability; change; surface water hydrology; land-use; land-cover change; planning; water supply; water use; water stress; GIS ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; FRESH-WATER; US; WITHDRAWALS; AVAILABILITY; SCENARIOS; HABITAT; RIVERS; FLOW; VULNERABILITY AB Future climate and land-use changes and growing human populations may reduce the abundance of water resources relative to anthropogenic and ecological needs in the Northeast and Midwest (U. S.). We used output from WaSSI, a water accounting model, to assess potential changes between 2010 and 2060 in (1) anthropogenic water stress for watersheds throughout the Northeast and Midwest and (2) native fish species richness (i.e., number of species) for the Upper Mississippi water resource region (UMWRR). Six alternative scenarios of climate change, land-use change, and human population growth indicated future water supplies will, on average across the region, be adequate to meet anthropogenic demands. Nevertheless, the number of individual watersheds experiencing severe stress (demand > supplies) was projected to increase for most scenarios, and some watersheds were projected to experience severe stress under multiple scenarios. Similarly, we projected declines in fish species richness for UMWRR watersheds and found the number of watersheds with projected declines and the average magnitude of declines varied across scenarios. All watersheds in the UMWRR were projected to experience declines in richness for at least two future scenarios. Many watersheds projected to experience declines in fish species richness were not projected to experience severe anthropogenic water stress, emphasizing the need for multidimensional impact assessments of changing water resources. C1 [Tavernia, Brian G.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, David Clark Labs 127, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nelson, Mark D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Caldwell, Peter; Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Tavernia, BG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, David Clark Labs 127, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM btavernia@gmail.com FU Department of Forestry, University of Missouri FX The lead author was a Research Associate with the Department of Forestry, University of Missouri when this manuscript was prepared and gratefully acknowledges the intellectual and financial support he received. We thank J. Moore Meyers and E. Cohen for assistance with GIS analyses. J. McNees, M. Ormes, and T. Seilheimer provided feedback on the use of fish datasets (data provided by NatureServe - see References for full citation). We thank A. Dolloff and T. Seilheimer for comments that improved an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank L. Joyce for assistance in interpreting future climate projections. J. M. Reed provided statistical advice. We thank three anonymous reviewers whose comments improved an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 54 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 938 EP 952 DI 10.1111/jawr.12075 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 193RZ UT WOS:000322580500015 ER PT J AU Wolters, WR Burr, GS Palti, Y Vallejo, RL AF Wolters, William R. Burr, Gary S. Palti, Yniv Vallejo, Roger L. TI Phenotypic and Genetic Variation in Two North American Arctic Charr, Salvelinus alpinus, Stocks Cultured in a Recirculating Aquaculture System SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; FAMILY GROWTH-RESPONSE; RAINBOW-TROUT; SEXUAL-MATURITY; FISH-MEAL; MICROSATELLITES; ASTAXANTHIN; POPULATION; STRAIN; COLOR AB Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, were obtained as eggs from two North American sources, an eastern (Fraser River, Canada) and a western (Bristol Bay, Alaska, USA) stock. Fish were pit tagged (eastern (X) over bar +/- SE = 247 +/- 13 g, western (X) over bar +/- SE = 220 +/- 4 g) and stocked communally into three replicated 7-m(3) tanks at a density of 7.6+/-1.2 kg/m(3). Each tank was supplied with 2 ppt salinity water from a recirculating biological filtration system. Fish were fed a commercial diet (48% P, 20% F) from automatic feeders. Fish were harvested approximately 24mo after hatching at a final tank density of 56.2+/-1.3 kg/m3. Mean daily water temperature was 10.4 C with a range of 5.9-12.6 C and mean dissolved oxygen was 12.6mg/L with a range of 9.7 (91% of saturation) to 17.8mg/L (149% of saturation). Individual fish were evaluated for total, carcass, and fillet weight, sex, stage of sexual maturity, fillet fat, fillet color, and gonad weight. The western stock fish grew faster and were significantly larger ((X) over bar +/- SE = 1.89 +/- 0.03 kg) (P < 0.0001) than the eastern stock (<(X)over bar> +/- SE = 1.19 +/- 0.04 kg). Heritabilities were low for all traits and ranged from 0.08+/-0.06 to 0.28+/-0.09. Genetic correlations for body size traits were highly positive and significant (0.99-1.00). Genetic correlations of fillet color and body size traits were positive, but not significant. Genetic correlations of fillet fat with body size traits were negative, but not significant. Genetic correlation of fillet fat and fillet color was positive and significant (0.55+/-0.27). Random genetic variation was assessed from microsatellite variability on 30 fish from each stock (eastern and western) and 32 fish from a third commercial source of unknown origin for comparison. The amount of variation detected in the western stock was higher than the eastern and commercial stocks. The eastern stock was composed of an admixture of two sources, the commercial stock was composed by three different sources, and the western stock was composed by three to four source populations. Data will be used to calculate breeding values on a separate group of captive sibling adult broodfish and a line selected for carcass weight and maturity at 3 yr will be developed. C1 [Wolters, William R.; Burr, Gary S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Cold Water Marine Aquaculture Ctr, Franklin, ME 04634 USA. [Palti, Yniv; Vallejo, Roger L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Wolters, WR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Cold Water Marine Aquaculture Ctr, 25 Salmon Farm Rd, Franklin, ME 04634 USA. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 44 IS 4 BP 473 EP 485 DI 10.1111/jwas.12049 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 193YK UT WOS:000322597200001 ER PT J AU Subramaniam, S Johnston, J Preeyanon, L Brown, CT Kung, HJ Cheng, HH AF Subramaniam, Sugalesini Johnston, John Preeyanon, Likit Brown, C. Titus Kung, Hsing-Jien Cheng, Hans H. TI Integrated Analyses of Genome-Wide DNA Occupancy and Expression Profiling Identify Key Genes and Pathways Involved in Cellular Transformation by a Marek's Disease Virus Oncoprotein, Meq SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; BINDING-SITES; CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; PHOSPHATASE SHP-1; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; GROWTH AB Marek's disease (MD) is an economically significant disease in chickens that is caused by the highly oncogenic Marek's disease virus (MDV). A major unanswered question is the mechanism of MDV-induced tumor formation. Meq, a bZIP transcription factor discovered in the 1990s, is critically involved in viral oncogenicity, but only a few of its host target genes have been described, impeding our understanding of MDV-induced tumorigenesis. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) and microarray analysis, a high-confidence list of Meq binding sites in the chicken genome and a global transcriptome of Meq-responsive genes were generated. Meq binding sites were found to be enriched in the promoter regions of upregulated genes but not in those of downregulated genes. ChIP-seq was also performed for c-Jun, a known heterodimeric partner of Meq. The close location of binding sites of Meq and c-Jun was noted, suggesting cooperativity between these two factors in modulating transcription. Pathway analysis indicated that Meq transcriptionally regulates many genes that are part of several signaling pathways including the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK), Jak-STAT, and ErbB pathways, which are critical for oncogenesis and/or include signaling mediators involved in apoptosis. Meq activates oncogenic signaling cascades by transcriptionally activating major kinases in the ERK/MAPK pathway and simultaneously repressing phosphatases, as verified using inhibitors of MEK and ERK1/2 in a cell proliferation assay. This study provides significant insights into the mechanistic basis of Meq-dependent cell transformation. C1 [Subramaniam, Sugalesini] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Comparat Med & Integrat Biol Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Subramaniam, Sugalesini; Cheng, Hans H.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Johnston, John] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Preeyanon, Likit; Brown, C. Titus] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kung, Hsing-Jien] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biochem & Mol Med, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM hans.cheng@ars.usda.gov OI Brown, C. Titus/0000-0001-6001-2677 FU National Research Initiative Competitive from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-35205-05035] FX This project was supported in part by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-35205-05035 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 84 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 87 IS 16 BP 9016 EP 9029 DI 10.1128/JVI.01163-13 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 193CS UT WOS:000322535600019 PM 23740999 ER PT J AU Kapczynski, DR Pantin-Jackwood, M Guzman, SG Ricardez, Y Spackman, E Bertran, K Suarez, DL Swayne, DE AF Kapczynski, Darrell R. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary Guzman, Sofia G. Ricardez, Yadira Spackman, Erica Bertran, Kateri Suarez, David L. Swayne, David E. TI Characterization of the 2012 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H7N3 Virus Isolated from Poultry in an Outbreak in Mexico: Pathobiology and Vaccine Protection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCES; HEMAGGLUTININ GENE; HETEROLOGOUS NEURAMINIDASE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CHICKENS; H5; RECOMBINATION; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; EFFICACY AB In June of 2012, an H7N3 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus was identified as the cause of a severe disease outbreak in commercial laying chicken farms in Mexico. The purpose of this study was to characterize the Mexican 2012 H7N3 HPAI virus (A/chicken/Jalisco/CPA1/2012) and determine the protection against the virus conferred by different H7 inactivated vaccines in chickens. Both adult and young chickens intranasally inoculated with the virus became infected and died at between 2 and 4 days postinoculation (p.i.). High virus titers and viral replication in many tissues were demonstrated at 2 days p.i. in infected birds. The virus from Jalisco, Mexico, had high sequence similarity of greater than 97% to the sequences of wild bird viruses from North America in all eight gene segments. The hemagglutinin gene of the virus contained a 24-nucleotide insert at the hemagglutinin cleavage site which had 100% sequence identity to chicken 28S rRNA, suggesting that the insert was the result of nonhomologous recombination with the host genome. For vaccine protection studies, both U. S. H7 low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses and a 2006 Mexican H7 LPAI virus were tested as antigens in experimental oil emulsion vaccines and injected into chickens 3 weeks prior to challenge. All H7 vaccines tested provided >= 90% protection against clinical disease after challenge and decreased the number of birds shedding virus and the titers of virus shed. This study demonstrates the pathological consequences of the infection of chickens with the 2012 Mexican lineage H7N3 HPAI virus and provides support for effective programs of vaccination against this virus in poultry. C1 [Kapczynski, Darrell R.; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary; Spackman, Erica; Bertran, Kateri; Suarez, David L.; Swayne, David E.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Guzman, Sofia G.; Ricardez, Yadira] 2SENASICA SAGARPA, Biosafety Lab Level 3, Mexico US Commiss Prevent Foot & Mouth Dis & Othe, Palo Alto, Mexico. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. EM darrell.kapczynski@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, ARS, CRIS [6612-32000-062-00D] FX This research was supported by funding from USDA, ARS, CRIS project 6612-32000-062-00D. NR 49 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 87 IS 16 BP 9086 EP 9096 DI 10.1128/JVI.00666-13 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 193CS UT WOS:000322535600025 PM 23760232 ER PT J AU McGuire, DL Bohnert, DW Schauer, CS Falck, SJ Cooke, RF AF McGuire, D. L. Bohnert, D. W. Schauer, C. S. Falck, S. J. Cooke, R. F. TI Daily and alternate day supplementation of urea or soybean meal to ruminants consuming low-quality cool-season forage: I-Effects on efficiency of nitrogen use and nutrient digestion SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Forage; Frequency; Non-protein N; Soybean meal; Supplementation; Urea ID DEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN; TALLGRASS-PRAIRIE FORAGE; BEEF STEERS; MICROBIAL EFFICIENCY; COW PERFORMANCE; RECYCLED UREA; FREQUENCY; ROUGHAGE; BIURET; DIGESTIBILITY AB Five Rambouillet x Polypay wethers (52 +/- 2 kg BW; Experiment 1) and 5 Angus x Hereford steers (464 +/- 26 kg BW; Experiment 2) were used in two incomplete 5 x 4 Latin squares with four 18-d periods to determine the influence of supplemental N source and supplementation frequency (SF) on efficiency of N use, nutrient intake, and nutrient digestion in ruminants consuming hard fescue straw (4.7% CP). Wethers and steers were provided straw at 120% of the previous 5 d average intake in two equal portions at 0730 h and 1900 h. Treatments (TRT) included an unsupplemented control (CON) and a urea (29% CP) or soybean meal (SBM; 26% CP) supplement provided daily (D) or every-other-day (2D) at 0700 h. In Experiment 1, supplemental CP was provided at 0.10% of BW daily and 0.20% of BW every-other-day for D and 2D supplemented wethers, respectively. Feces and urine were collected on d 13-18 for calculation of N balance and blood samples were obtained 4 h post-supplementation on d 13-18 for analysis of plasma urea-N (PUN). In Experiment 2, D TRT were supplemented CP at 0.04% of BW/day while 2D TRT received 0.08% of BW every-other-day. Feces were collected on d 13-18 for estimation of nutrient digestibility. Dry matter intake, OM intake, N intake, N retention, DM, OM, and N digestibility, and digested N retained were greater (P < 0.01) for supplemented wethers compared with CON with no differences (P > 0.05) because of N source or SF. There were no differences in fecal or urinary N excretion because of supplementation, SF, or N source (P > 0.10). However, PUN was increased (P < 0.01) in supplemented lambs compared with CON, whereas urea TRT had greater (P < 0.01) PUN compared with SBM. Plasma urea-N was also increased (P=0.05) for D compared with 2D TIT. Straw and total DM and OM intake were greater (P <= 0.02) for supplemented steers compared with CON; however, DM and OM digestibility was not influenced (P >= 0.25) because of supplementation or SF. These results suggest that supplements containing urea or SBM as the supplemental N source can be used by lambs and steers consuming cool-season, low-quality forage without adversely affecting N efficiency, nutrient intake, or nutrient digestibility, even when provided every-other-day. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McGuire, D. L.; Bohnert, D. W.; Cooke, R. F.] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Schauer, C. S.] N Dakota State Univ, Hettinger Res Extens Ctr, Hettinger, ND 58639 USA. [Falck, S. J.] ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Bohnert, DW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns Stn, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM dave.bohnert@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX The Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, including the Burns and Union Stations, is jointly funded by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 155 IS 2-3 BP 205 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.05.015 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 190OB UT WOS:000322349000007 ER PT J AU Cappellozza, BI Bohnert, DW Schauer, CS Falck, SJ Vanzant, ES Harmon, DL Cooke, RF AF Cappellozza, B. I. Bohnert, D. W. Schauer, C. S. Falck, S. J. Vanzant, E. S. Harmon, D. L. Cooke, R. F. TI Daily and alternate day supplementation of urea or soybean meal to ruminants consuming low-quality cool-season forage: II. Effects on ruminal fermentation SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Forage; Non-protein N; Soybean meal; Supplementation frequency; Urea ID DEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN; TALLGRASS-PRAIRIE FORAGE; BEEF STEERS; COW PERFORMANCE; INCREASING PROPORTION; AMMONIA CONCENTRATION; MICROBIAL EFFICIENCY; RANGE SUPPLEMENTS; RECYCLED UREA; NITROGEN USE AB Five ruminally cannulated steers (initial BW=464 +/- 26 kg) consuming low-quality forage (5% CP; 78% NDF; DM basis) were used in an incomplete 5 x 4 Latin square with four 18-d periods to determine the influence of supplemental N source and supplementation frequency (SF) on ruminal fermentation dynamics. Treatments, arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial with a negative control, consisted of urea or soybean meal (SBM) supplements offered daily (D) or alternate days (2D) plus an unsupplemented treatment (CON). Urea supplements were provided to meet 100% of the degradable intake protein requirement while SBM supplements were provided on an isonitrogenous basis. All supplemented treatments received an equal quantity of supplemental N over a 2-d period. Ruminal indigestible acid detergent fiber (IADF) passage rate was increased with supplementation (P <= 0.03) on the days when D and 2D supplements were provided, as well as when only D supplements were provided. In contrast, ruminal liquid fill and dilution rate were not affected by supplementation, N source, or SF on the days when D and 2D supplements were provided (P >= 0.24). However, when only D supplements were offered, ruminal liquid dilution rate was greater (P=0.03) for SBM supplemented steers compared with cohorts receiving supplemental urea, whereas ruminal liquid fill was greater (P=0.03) for steers fed urea supplements. Nitrogen supplementation increased (P < 0.01) ruminal NH3-N by 122% and 70%, compared with the CON, on the days when both D and 2D supplements were provided and when only D supplements were provided, respectively. We noted a N source x SF interaction for ruminal NH3-N on the days when D and 2D supplements were provided (P=0.02), as well as when only D supplements were provided (P < 0.01). On the days when D and 2D supplements were provided, urea increased NH3-N by 61% (2.93 vs. 4.73 mM for D and 2D, respectively), whereas the increase in NH3-N with SBM was only 15% (2.23 vs. 2.58 mM for D and 2D, respectively). However, when only D supplements were provided, NH3-N was almost 36% less for the 2D compared with the D urea treatment (2.76 vs. 1.81 mM, respectively), whereas an 11% increase was noted for SBM 2D compared with SBM D (1.99 vs. 1.79 mM, respectively). Total concentration of VFA was increased on the days when both D and 2D supplements were provided (P=0.03), but not influenced by treatments on the days when only D supplements were provided (P >= 0.50). In summary, providing a urea-based supplement, as infrequently as every-other-day, was an effective alternative to a SBM-based supplement in maintaining acceptable ruminal fermentation of steers consuming low-quality, cool-season forage. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cappellozza, B. I.; Bohnert, D. W.; Cooke, R. F.] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Schauer, C. S.] N Dakota State Univ, Hettinger Res Extens Ctr, Hettinger, ND 58639 USA. [Falck, S. J.] ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Vanzant, E. S.; Harmon, D. L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Food & Anim Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Bohnert, DW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns Stn, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM dave.bohnert@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX The Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, including the Burns and Union Stations, is jointly funded by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA-Agricultural Research Service. The authors would like to thank Alma D. True for conducting VFA analyses. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 155 IS 2-3 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.05.002 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 190OB UT WOS:000322349000008 ER PT J AU Reeves, JL Derner, JD Sanderson, MA Petersen, MK Vermeire, LT Hendrickson, JR Kronberg, SL AF Reeves, Justin L. Derner, Justin D. Sanderson, Matt A. Petersen, Mark K. Vermeire, Lance T. Hendrickson, John R. Kronberg, Scott L. TI Seasonal temperature and precipitation effects on cow-calf production in northern mixed-grass prairie SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Climate variability; Decision support tools; Grazing management; Model averaging; Semiarid rangeland; Long-term Agro-Ecosystem Research (LTAR) ID STOCKING RATE; BEEF-COWS; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY; FORAGE PRODUCTION; GRAZING SYSTEMS; MILK-PRODUCTION; GREAT-PLAINS; NATIVE RANGE; CATTLE AB Quantifying the effects of seasonal temperature and precipitation on cow-calf production on rangelands is challenging, as few long-term (> 20 yrs) studies have been reported. However, an understanding of how seasonal weather inconsistency affects beef production is needed for beef producers to better manage their herds on native rangelands to minimize enterprise risk with respect to climatic variability. Cow-calf beef production data collected at the USDA-ARS High Plains Grasslands Research Station near Cheyenne, WY, USA from 1975 to 2012 were tested using model averaging for effects of spring (April-June) and summer (July-September) temperature and precipitation, as welt as prior winter (October-March) and prior growing season (April-September) precipitation on beef production. Two breeds were used at different times during the study period (Herefords from 1975 to 2001 and a Red Angus x Charolais x Salets cross from 2003 to 2012; there was no grazing in 2002) and examined separately to test for differential effects of seasonal weather by breed. Herefords were more sensitive to seasonal weather patterns than the crossbreds, with Hereford pair total beef production showing the largest effect sizes and Hereford cows showing the highest R-2 value (0.66) among models. Wet springs and wet winters particularly increased Hereford beef production in this northern mixed-grass prairie, whereas beef production from the crossbreds did not show any weather effect patterns. The model structure used maximizes utility of these data to be built into decision support tools to help ranchers optimize stocking rates and minimize enterprise risk in advance of the grazing season. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Reeves, Justin L.; Derner, Justin D.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Sanderson, Matt A.; Hendrickson, John R.; Kronberg, Scott L.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Petersen, Mark K.; Vermeire, Lance T.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Reeves, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, 8408 Hildreth Rd, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. EM Justin.Reeves@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 EI 1878-0490 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 155 IS 2-3 BP 355 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.04.015 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 190OB UT WOS:000322349000026 ER PT J AU Hosoya, T French, AD Rosenau, T AF Hosoya, Takashi French, Alfred D. Rosenau, Thomas TI Chemistry of 5,8-dihydroxy-[1,4]-naphthoquinone, a Key Chromophore in Aged Cellulosics SO MINI-REVIEWS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; naphthoquinones; cycloaddition; substitution; alkylation; reduction; cellulose; chromophores; yellowing ID DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS; 1,4-NAPHTHOQUINONE DERIVATIVES; BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; ANTICANCER AGENTS; RESIDUAL CHROMOPHORES; NAPHTHOQUINONE DERIVATIVES; NAPHTHAZARIN DERIVATIVES; ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS; O-QUINODIMETHANE; CYCLOADDITION AB 5,8-Dihydroxy-[1,4]-naphthoquinone (DHNQ) is one of the key chromophores found in aged cellulosics. Cellulose aging and yellowing as well as bleaching of cellulosic materials are key processes in the pulp and paper industries and have considerable economic importance: the knowledge of the general reactivity and chemistry of this compound is thus helpful for a better understanding of these phenomena and the related technologies. This paper reviews the reactions reported for 5,8-dihydroxy-[1,4]-naphthoquinone, from the viewpoints of both synthesis and general reactivity. The compound exhibits a rich chemistry due to the presence of interconvertible hydroquinone and quinone moieties, reflected in strong resonance stabilization in alkaline medium. One of the most prominent reaction pathways is cycloaddition to the 2,3-double bond with various dienes to form polycyclic quinones, mainly anthraquinones. DHNQ also undergoes nucleophilic addition of amines, alcohols, olefins, water, and sulfides mainly at the 2-position followed by re-oxidation of the quinoid moiety, eventually resulting in 2-substituted DHNQ. Derivatization of the hydroxyl groups into O-acyl, O-alkyl, O-tosyl, and O-silyl derivatives is also widely reported, as are reductive conversions. C1 [Hosoya, Takashi; Rosenau, Thomas] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna, Dept Chem, Div Chem Renewables, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [French, Alfred D.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Rosenau, T (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna, Dept Chem, Div Chem Renewables, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. EM thomas.rosenau@boku.ac.at OI Rosenau, Thomas/0000-0002-6636-9260 FU Austrian Research promotion Society (FFG) [838422]; Austrian Christian Doppler Research Society (CDG, CD lab for Advanced cellulose chemistry and analytics) FX We would like to thank the Austrian Research promotion Society (FFG, project 838422) as well as the Austrian Christian Doppler Research Society (CDG, CD lab for Advanced cellulose chemistry and analytics) for financial support. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 19 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1570-193X J9 MINI-REV ORG CHEM JI Mini-Rev. Org. Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 10 IS 3 BP 302 EP 308 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 190XB UT WOS:000322375700008 ER PT J AU Hosoya, T French, AD Rosenau, T AF Hosoya, Takashi French, Alfred D. Rosenau, Thomas TI Chemistry of 2,5-dihydroxy-[1,4]-benzoquinone, a Key Chromophore in Aged Cellulosics SO MINI-REVIEWS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone; benzoquinones; substitution; condensation; alkylation; reduction; cellulose; chromophores; yellowing ID DERIVATIVES; ACETYLATION; CYCLIZATION AB 2,5-Dihydroxy-[1,4]-benzoquinone is one of the three key chromophores found in aged cellulosics. Knowledge of the general reactivity and chemistry of this compound is helpful for a better understanding of cellulose aging and yellowing as well as bleaching of cellulosic materials - processes which also have considerable economic importance. This paper reviews the reactions reported for 2,5-dihydroxy-[1,4]-benzoquinone, from the viewpoints of both synthesis and general reactivity. The exhibits a rich chemistry because of the presence of both carbonyl and enol motifs, and is able to undergo both nucleophilic and electrophilic substitutions. Other major pathways are the condensation with amines, derivatization of the hydroxyl groups, reductions, and oxidative degradation. C1 [Hosoya, Takashi; Rosenau, Thomas] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna, Div Chem Renewables, Dept Chem, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [French, Alfred D.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Rosenau, T (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna, Div Chem Renewables, Dept Chem, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. EM thomas.rosenau@boku.ac.at OI Rosenau, Thomas/0000-0002-6636-9260 FU Austrian Christian Doppler Research Society (CDG, CD lab for Advanced cellulose chemistry and analytics); Austrian Research promotion Society (FFG) [838422] FX We would like to thank the Austrian Christian Doppler Research Society (CDG, CD lab for Advanced cellulose chemistry and analytics) as well as the Austrian Research promotion Society (FFG, project 838422) for financial support. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1570-193X J9 MINI-REV ORG CHEM JI Mini-Rev. Org. Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 10 IS 3 BP 309 EP 315 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 190XB UT WOS:000322375700009 ER PT J AU Frazier-Wood, AC Ordovas, JM Straka, RJ Hixson, JE Borecki, IB Tiwari, HK Arnett, DK AF Frazier-Wood, A. C. Ordovas, J. M. Straka, R. J. Hixson, J. E. Borecki, I. B. Tiwari, H. K. Arnett, D. K. TI The PPAR alpha gene is associated with triglyceride, low-density cholesterol and inflammation marker response to fenofibrate intervention: the GOLDN study SO PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fenofibrate response; GOLDN; inflammation; lipid; pharmacogenetics; PPARA ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; MICRONIZED FENOFIBRATE; SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; RISK; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; POLYMORPHISMS AB As a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) agonist, fenofibrate favorably modulates dyslipidemia and inflammation markers, which are associated with cardiovascular risk. To determine whether variation in the PPAR alpha receptor gene was associated with lipid and inflammatory marker response, we conducted a 3-week trial of fenofibrate in 861 men and women. Mixed linear models that controlled for age and sex, as well as family pedigree and study center, were constructed using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PPAR alpha gene as predictors and changes in fasting triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol and inflammatory markers as outcomes. Significant associations with low-density cholesterol and interleukin-2 (P<0.001) responses to fenofibrate were found. Although there were suggestive associations with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and TG responses (P<0.05), these did not survive the correction for multiple testing. We conclude that variants in the PPAR alpha gene may contribute to future pharmacogenomic paradigms seeking to predict fenofibrate responders from both an anti-dyslipidemic and anti-inflammatory perspective. C1 [Frazier-Wood, A. C.; Arnett, D. K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Frazier-Wood, A. C.; Tiwari, H. K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, J. M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain. [Straka, R. J.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Pharm, Expt & Clin Pharmacol Dept, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hixson, J. E.] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Human Genet Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Borecki, I. B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Arnett, D. K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Nutr Obes Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Frazier-Wood, AC (reprint author), RPHB, 1530 3rd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM LekkiWood@Gmail.com RI Wood, Lekki/B-8053-2010 OI Wood, Lekki/0000-0001-7616-2119 FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [U01HL072524] FX We are grateful to the staff of the GOLDN study for the assistance in data collection and management. This study was funded by National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute grant number U01HL072524. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1470-269X J9 PHARMACOGENOMICS J JI Pharmacogenomics J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 312 EP 317 DI 10.1038/tpj.2012.9 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 192YW UT WOS:000322524900003 PM 22547144 ER PT J AU Chellemi, DO Rosskopf, EN Kokalis-Burelle, N AF Chellemi, Dan O. Rosskopf, Erin N. Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy TI The Effect of Transitional Organic Production Practices on Soilborne Pests of Tomato in a Simulated Microplot Study SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organic agriculture; soil fumigants ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; BACTERIAL WILT; DAMPING-OFF; ROOT-KNOT; RALSTONIA-SOLANACEARUM; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; CYPERUS-ESCULENTUS; SOIL SOLARIZATION; PERMUTATION TESTS AB The perceived risk of pest resurgence upon transition from conventional to organic-based farming systems remains a critical obstacle to expanding organic vegetable production, particularly where chemical fumigants have provided soilborne pest and disease control. Microplots were used to study the effects of soil amendments and cropping sequences applied over a 2-year transitional period from conventional to organic tomato (Solanum lycopersicunz) cultivation on the incidence of bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) reproduction, root galling by Meloidogyne incognita, and soil nematode populations. A continuation of tomato monoculture during the transitional period resulted in a disease incidence of 33%, as compared with 9% in microplots that were rotated with sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) and Japanese millet (Echinochloa crusgalli var. frumentacea). The benefits of disease control from a crop rotation extended into to a second season of organic tomato cultivation season, where bacterial wilt declined from 40% in microplots with a tomato monoculture to 17% in plots with a crop rotation sequence. Combining applications of urban plant debris with a continued tomato monoculture increased the incidence of bacterial wilt to 60%. During the transition period, tomato plants following a cover crop regime also had significantly lower levels of root galling from root-knot nematode infection compared with plants in the continuous tomato monoculture. Nutsedge tuber production was significantly increased in plots amended with broiler litter but not urban plant debris. Compared with a continuous monoculture, the results illustrate the importance of a systems-based approach to implementing transitional organic practices that is cognizant of their interactive effects on resident soilborne disease, weed, and pest complexes. C1 [Chellemi, Dan O.; Rosskopf, Erin N.; Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Chellemi, DO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM dan.chellemi@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 61 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD AUG PY 2013 VL 103 IS 8 BP 792 EP 801 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-12-0243-R PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 186PK UT WOS:000322056400004 PM 23837543 ER PT J AU Berbegal, M Perez-Sierra, A Armengol, J Grunwald, NJ AF Berbegal, M. Perez-Sierra, A. Armengol, J. Gruenwald, N. J. TI Evidence for Multiple Introductions and Clonality in Spanish Populations of Fusarium circinatum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE population genetic structure; reproductive system ID PITCH CANKER FUNGUS; F-SP-PINI; SOUTH-AFRICAN POPULATION; CHESTNUT BLIGHT FUNGUS; 1ST REPORT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; CRYPHONECTRIA-PARASITICA; GIBBERELLA-CIRCINATA; GENETIC DIVERSITY AB Fusarium circinatum is thought to have been moved around the world with pine planting stock consisting, most probably, of infected seed. In this effort, we investigate the genetic structure of F. circinatum in Spain and globally. In total, 223 isolates were studied from five regions in northern Spain and eight countries. Eight microsatellite markers revealed 66 multilocus genotypes (MLGs). Minimum spanning network analysis of MLGs by region within Spain as well as globally, discriminant analysis of principal components, and analysis of molecular variance revealed that Spanish populations are significantly differentiated and structured into two distinct groups, each one including one of the dominant genotypes observed. This result suggests that two independent introductions occurred into Spain that subsequently underwent clonal divergence and admixture. This result is further supported by the linkage disequilibrium and clonality observed for E circinatum populations in northern Spain. The maintenance of differentiation between the clusters could result from the lack of or rare sexual reproduction in Spain. Possible introduction pathways from other countries and subsequent routes of dispersion of F. circinatum in Spain are discussed. C1 [Berbegal, M.; Perez-Sierra, A.; Armengol, J.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Agroforestal Mediterraneo, Valencia 46022, Spain. [Gruenwald, N. J.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Berbegal, M (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Agroforestal Mediterraneo, Camino Vera S-N, Valencia 46022, Spain. EM mobermar@etsia.upv.es RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; Berbegal, Monica/M-2892-2014; OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Armengol, Josep/0000-0003-3815-8578 FU Ministerio de Agricultura; Alimentacion y Medio Ambiente; INIA; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5358-22000-039-00] FX M. Berbegal was a contract holder of the "Campus de Excelencia Internacional" program of the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia. Financial support for this research was provided by Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentacion y Medio Ambiente and INIA, and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS 5358-22000-039-00. We thank M. Larsen and M. Leon for technical assistance. Isolates provided by the different research centers working with Fusarium circinatum are acknowledged (Table 1). NR 74 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD AUG PY 2013 VL 103 IS 8 BP 851 EP 861 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-11-12-0281-R PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 186PK UT WOS:000322056400010 PM 23678883 ER PT J AU Graybosch, RA St Amand, P Bai, GH AF Graybosch, Robert A. St Amand, Paul Bai, Guihua TI Evaluation of genetic markers for prediction of preharvest sprouting tolerance in hard white winter wheats SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE wheat; pre harvest sprouting; DNA markers; chromosome 3AS; "Rio Blanco' ID CONTROLLING SEED DORMANCY; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BREAD WHEAT; GRAIN DORMANCY; RESISTANCE; REGISTRATION; QTL AB Preharvest sprouting of wheat results in significant financial loss at all steps in the production and marketing chain. Due to its intermittent nature in many wheat-growing regions, direct selection for tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting is difficult. DNA markers linked to genes conditioning tolerance offer a more consistent and reliable approach to genetic improvement in tolerance. This investigation assessed the value of previously identified markers linked to quantitative trait loci contributing to tolerance, across multiple genetic backgrounds. A significant contribution to tolerance was demonstrated for QPhs.pseru-3AS, previously identified from the hard white winter wheat 'Rio Blanco'. Marker alleles for this locus were associated with enhanced tolerance in three of four investigated populations. In addition, positive contributions of QPhs.pseru-2B1 and QPhs.pseru-2B2 also were documented. Simultaneous selection for putative marker alleles at two independent loci resulted in significantly higher mean tolerance scores. DNA markers linked to loci contributing to variation in preharvest sprouting tolerance offer an efficient and effective alternative to direct phenotypic selection. C1 [Graybosch, Robert A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [St Amand, Paul; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS HWWGRU, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Graybosch, RA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 137 Keim, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM bob.graybosch@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 132 IS 4 BP 359 EP 366 DI 10.1111/pbr.12071 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 194SM UT WOS:000322653000002 ER PT J AU Ma, Y Bao, SY Yang, T Hu, JG Guan, JP He, YH Wang, XJ Wan, YL Sun, XL Jiang, JY Gong, CX Zong, XX AF Ma, Yu Bao, Shi-Ying Yang, Tao Hu, Jin-Guo Guan, Jian-Ping He, Yu-Hua Wang, Xue-Jun Wan, Yu-Ling Sun, Xue-Lian Jiang, Jun-Ye Gong, Cui-Xiang Zong, Xu-Xiao TI Genetic linkage map of Chinese native variety faba bean (Vicia faba L.) based on simple sequence repeat markers SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE faba bean; simple sequence repeat; linkage map ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; COMPOSITE MAP; RAPD MARKERS; RESISTANCE; GERMPLASM; PEA AB Simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker is a powerful tool for construction of genetic linkage map which can be applied for quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, a genetic map of faba bean was constructed with SSR markers using a 129 F-2 individuals population derived from the cross of Chinese native variety 91825 (large seed) and K1563 (small seed). By screening 11 551 SSR primers between two parents, 149 primer pairs were detected polymorphic and used for F-2 population analysis. This SSR-based genetic linkage map consisted of 15 linkage groups with 128 SSR. The map encompassed 1587 cM with an average genetic distance of 12.4 cM. The genetic map generated in this study will be beneficial for genetic studies of faba bean for identification of marker-locus-trait associations as well as comparative mapping among faba bean, pea and grasspea. C1 [Ma, Yu; Yang, Tao; Guan, Jian-Ping; Sun, Xue-Lian; Jiang, Jun-Ye; Gong, Cui-Xiang; Zong, Xu-Xiao] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Bao, Shi-Ying; He, Yu-Hua] Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Grain Crops, Kunming 650205, Peoples R China. [Hu, Jin-Guo] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, WRPIS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Zong, XX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Natl Key Facil Crop Gene Resources & Genet Improv, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM zongxx@mail.caas.net.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31101198]; Yunnan Government [2010BB007]; Jiangsu Government [cx(12)5081]; China Agriculture Research System [CARS-09]; Ministry of Agriculture of China [NB2012-2130135-25-09] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31101198), Social Development of Science and Technology Plan (No. 2010BB007) from Yunnan Government, Jiangsu agricultural science and technology innovation fund project (cx(12)5081) from Jiangsu Government, the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-09) and grants (NB2012-2130135-25-09) from Ministry of Agriculture of China. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 132 IS 4 BP 397 EP 400 DI 10.1111/pbr.12074 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 194SM UT WOS:000322653000007 ER PT J AU Gapper, NE McQuinn, RP Giovannoni, JJ AF Gapper, Nigel E. McQuinn, Ryan P. Giovannoni, James J. TI Molecular and genetic regulation of fruit ripening SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fruit ripening; Tomato; Ethylene; Transcriptional control; Epigenomics ID MADS-BOX GENE; TOMATO SOLANUM-LYCOPERSICON; 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID SYNTHASE; ETHYLENE SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ALPHA-L-ARABINOFURANOSIDASE; MYB TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CELL-WALL METABOLISM; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; LEAF SENESCENCE; CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS AB Fleshy fruit undergo a novel developmental program that ends in the irreversible process of ripening and eventual tissue senescence. During this maturation process, fruit undergo numerous physiological, biochemical and structural alterations, making them more attractive to seed dispersal organisms. In addition, advanced or over-ripening and senescence, especially through tissue softening and eventual decay, render fruit susceptible to invasion by opportunistic pathogens. While ripening and senescence are often used interchangeably, the specific metabolic activities of each would suggest that ripening is a distinct process of fleshy fruits that precedes and may predispose the fruit to subsequent senescence. C1 [Gapper, Nigel E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gapper, Nigel E.; McQuinn, Ryan P.; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [McQuinn, Ryan P.; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Nutr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Giovannoni, JJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Tower Rd,Cornell Univ Campus, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jjg33@cornell.edu FU National Science Foundation; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture; US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund; New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology FX Work in the Giovannoni laboratory was funded by the National Science Foundation, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and the US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. NEG was funded by the New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology. NR 173 TC 55 Z9 63 U1 13 U2 121 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 EI 1573-5028 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 82 IS 6 BP 575 EP 591 DI 10.1007/s11103-013-0050-3 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 191GJ UT WOS:000322400900008 PM 23585213 ER PT J AU Bowman, MJ Simon, PW AF Bowman, Megan J. Simon, Philipp W. TI Quantification of the Relative Abundance of Plastome to Nuclear Genome in Leaf and Root Tissues of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Using Quantitative PCR SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Carrot; Carotenoids; Plastome; qPCR ID CHROMOPLAST DIFFERENTIATION; CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; VAR. BOTRYTIS; ACCUMULATION; CAULIFLOWER; PLANTS; ARABIDOPSIS; ULTRASTRUCTURE; ENDOPOLYPLOIDY AB Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is an important horticultural crop with significant health benefits, providing provitamin A carotenoids in the human diet. Carotenoids primarily serve as photoprotectants in leaves during photosynthesis where they accumulate in chloroplasts. Carotenoids can also accumulate in chromoplasts, non-chlorophyll-containing plastids, in non-photosynthetic organs such as the storage roots of carrot. Therefore, plastid development is closely associated with carotenoid accumulation. The biosynthesis of chromoplasts, or more specifically the conversion of chloroplasts to chromoplasts, has been studied in a number of carotenoid-accumulating plant species, but the presence of the plastome had not been confirmed in non-pigmented carrot storage root. In this study, the plastome was confirmed to occur in similar relative abundance (plastome-nuclear genome ratio) in yellow and orange carrot storage roots while dark orange storage roots had significantly higher plastome content than white cultivated carrots. In the leaf tissue of these same plants, the relative abundance of the plastome was similar across genotypes but was lower than the ratio of plastid to nuclear genome in the root tissue of pigmented storage rooted carrot. This study is the first quantification of the ratio of plastome to nuclear genome in storage root and confirms the presence of the plastome in both pigmented and non-pigmented carrot storage root tissue. C1 [Bowman, Megan J.; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Plant Breeding & Plant Genet Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Simon, PW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Plant Breeding & Plant Genet Program, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Philipp.Simon@ars.usda.gov OI Bowman, Megan/0000-0001-5742-1779 FU Gabelman-Seminis Distinguished Graduate Research Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative award [2008-51180-04896] FX The authors thank Dr. D. Kyle Willis for his assistance with the qPCR experiment and Dr. Dariusz Grzebelus for his correspondence and input. We also thank Marilyn Rivera for her help with the southern blot analysis. Megan Bowman was supported by the Gabelman-Seminis Distinguished Graduate Research Fellowship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and USDA Specialty Crop Research Initiative award 2008-51180-04896 to PWS. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 31 IS 4 BP 1040 EP 1047 DI 10.1007/s11105-012-0539-y PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 185MY UT WOS:000321973900025 ER PT J AU Horn, PJ James, CN Gidda, SK Kilaru, A Dyer, JM Mullen, RT Ohlrogge, JB Chapman, KD AF Horn, Patrick J. James, Christopher N. Gidda, Satinder K. Kilaru, Aruna Dyer, John M. Mullen, Robert T. Ohlrogge, John B. Chapman, Kent D. TI Identification of a New Class of Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins in Plants SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RUBBER PARTICLE PROTEIN; OIL BODIES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HEVEA-BRASILIENSIS; OLEOSIN; METABOLISM; CALEOSIN; ACCUMULATION; STEROLEOSIN; RESOLUTION AB Lipid droplets in plants (also known as oil bodies, lipid bodies, or oleosomes) are well characterized in seeds, and oleosins, the major proteins associated with their surface, were shown to be important for stabilizing lipid droplets during seed desiccation and rehydration. However, lipid droplets occur in essentially all plant cell types, many of which may not require oleosin-mediated stabilization. The proteins associated with the surface of nonseed lipid droplets, which are likely to influence the formation, stability, and turnover of this compartment, remain to be elucidated. Here, we have combined lipidomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic studies of avocado (Persea americana) mesocarp to identify two new lipid droplet-associated proteins, which we named LDAP1 and LDAP2. These proteins are highly similar to each other and also to the small rubber particle proteins that accumulate in rubber-producing plants. An Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) homolog to LDAP1 and LDAP2, At3g05500, was localized to the surface of lipid droplets after transient expression in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells that were induced to accumulate triacylglycerols. We propose that small rubber particle protein-like proteins are involved in the general process of binding and perhaps the stabilization of lipid-rich particles in the cytosol of plant cells and that the avocado and Arabidopsis protein members reveal a new aspect of the cellular machinery that is involved in the packaging of triacylglycerols in plant tissues. Lipid C1 [Horn, Patrick J.; James, Christopher N.; Chapman, Kent D.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Plant Lipid Res, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Gidda, Satinder K.; Mullen, Robert T.] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Kilaru, Aruna] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. [Dyer, John M.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Kilaru, Aruna; Ohlrogge, John B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Chapman, KD (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Plant Lipid Res, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM chapman@unt.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Resources Division [DE-FG02-09ER64812]; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DE-FC02-07ER6449]; Hoblitzelle Foundation FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Resources Division (grant no. DE-FG02-09ER64812 to J.M.D., R. T. M., and K. D. C.), Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (grant no. DE-FC02-07ER6449), and by the Hoblitzelle Foundation for the support of mass spectrometry imaging facilities. NR 57 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 50 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 162 IS 4 BP 1926 EP 1936 DI 10.1104/pp.113.222455 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 194KY UT WOS:000322633400014 PM 23821652 ER PT J AU Ariizumi, T Hauvermale, AL Nelson, SK Hanada, A Yamaguchi, S Steber, CM AF Ariizumi, Tohru Hauvermale, Amber L. Nelson, Sven K. Hanada, Atsushi Yamaguchi, Shinjiro Steber, Camille M. TI Lifting DELLA Repression of Arabidopsis Seed Germination by Nonproteolytic Gibberellin Signaling SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THALIANA L HEYNH; E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE; ABSCISIC-ACID; FLORAL DEVELOPMENT; MOLECULAR-MECHANISM; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; RECEPTOR GID1; PROTEIN SLR1; RGL2 PROTEIN AB DELLA repression of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed germination can be lifted either through DELLA proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway or through proteolysis-independent gibberellin (GA) hormone signaling. GA binding to the GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) GA receptors stimulates GID1-GA-DELLA complex formation, which in turn triggers DELLA protein ubiquitination and proteolysis via the SCFSLY1 E3 ubiquitin ligase and 26S proteasome. Although DELLA cannot be destroyed in the sleepy1-2 (sly1-2) F-box mutant, long dry after-ripening and GID1 overexpression can relieve the strong sly1-2 seed dormancy phenotype. It appears that sly1-2 seed dormancy results from abscisic acid (ABA) signaling downstream of DELLA, since dormant sly1-2 seeds accumulate high levels of ABA hormone and loss of ABA sensitivity rescues sly1-2 seed germination. DELLA positively regulates the expression of XERICO, an inducer of ABA biosynthesis. GID1b overexpression rescues sly1-2 germination through proteolysis-independent DELLA down-regulation associated with increased expression of GA-inducible genes and decreased ABA accumulation, apparently as a result of decreased XERICO messenger RNA levels. Higher levels of GID1 overexpression are associated with more efficient sly1 germination and increased GID1-GA-DELLA complex formation, suggesting that GID1 down-regulates DELLA through protein binding. After-ripening results in increased GA accumulation and GID1a-dependent GA signaling, suggesting that after-ripening triggers GA-stimulated GID1-GA-DELLA protein complex formation, which in turn blocks DELLA transcriptional activation of the XERICO inhibitor of seed germination. C1 [Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ariizumi, Tohru; Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hauvermale, Amber L.; Nelson, Sven K.; Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, Mol Plant Sci Program, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hanada, Atsushi; Yamaguchi, Shinjiro] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Life Sci, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Steber, CM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM csteber@wsu.edu FU National Science Foundation [0850981]; RIKEN Plant Science Center FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. 0850981 to C.M.S.) and by the RIKEN Plant Science Center (to S.Y.). NR 64 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 51 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 162 IS 4 BP 2125 EP 2139 DI 10.1104/pp.113.219451 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 194KY UT WOS:000322633400030 PM 23818171 ER PT J AU Jiang, S Cheng, HW Hester, PY Hou, JF AF Jiang, S. Cheng, H. W. Hester, P. Y. Hou, J. -F. TI Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of chicken osteocalcin and its use in evaluation of perch effects on bone remodeling in caged White Leghorns SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE osteocalcin; chicken; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; perch; bone remodeling ID INDIRECT COMPETITIVE ELISA; LAYING HENS; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; ENERGY-METABOLISM; ENDOCRINE REGULATION; BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS; BREAKING STRENGTH; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RAT OSTEOCALCIN; OSTEOPOROSIS AB Osteocalcin (OC) is a sensitive biochemical marker for evaluating bone turnover in mammals. The role of avian OC is less clear because of the need for a chicken assay. Our objectives were to develop an assay using indirect competitive ELISA for detecting chicken serum OC and use the assay to examine the effects of perches on bone remodeling in caged hens. Anti-chicken OC polyclonal antibody was produced by immunization of rabbits with a recombinant OC from Escherichia coli. Chicken OC extracted from bone was used as a coated protein, and purified chicken OC was used for calibration. The limit of detection of the developed OC ELISA was 0.13 ng/mL. The intra-and interassay CV were < 7 and < 12%, respectively. The sensitivity of the developed OC ELISA was compared with a commercial Rat-Mid OC ELISA in laying hens housed in conventional cages with or without perches. Serum samples were collected from 71-wk-old White Leghorn hens subjected to 4 treatments. Treatment 1 was control chickens that never had access to perches during their life cycle. Treatment 2 chickens had perches during the pullet phase (0 to 16.9 wk of age), whereas treatment 3 chickens had perches only during the egg-laying phase of the life cycle (17 to 71 wk of age). Treatment 4 chickens always had access to perches (0 to 71 wk of age). Correlation between the 2 assays was 0.62 (P < 0.0001). Levels of serum OC using the developed chicken ELISA were higher than that detected using the Rat-Mid ELISA (P < 0.0001). Results from the chicken ELISA assay showed that hens with perch access had higher concentrations of serum OC than hens without perches during egg laying (P = 0.04). Pullet access to perches did not affect serum OC levels in 71-wk-old hens (P = 0.15). In conclusion, a chicken OC ELISA has been validated that is sensitive and accurate with adequate discriminatory power for measuring bone remodeling in chickens. C1 [Jiang, S.; Hou, J. -F.] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cheng, H. W.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hester, P. Y.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Hou, JF (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jfhou@njau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30972234, 31272618]; Program for Postgraduates Research Innovation in University of Jiangsu Province [CXZZ11-0681]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67021-30114] FX The research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30972234 and 31272618), Program for Postgraduates Research Innovation in University of Jiangsu Province (CXZZ11-0681), and Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. The project was also supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2011-67021-30114 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. From Purdue University (West Lafayette, IN), we thank F. A. Haan and B. D. Little for the management and care of the birds and S. A. Enneking, research associate, and the staff of the Livestock Behavior Research Unit of the USDA-Agricultural Research Services for their technical assistance. The chicken OC was a gift from R. Bouillon (Katholieke University, Leuven, Belgium). Perches were donated by T. L. Pollard of Big Dutchman (Holland, MI), and the chicks were provided by Hy-Line Hatchery (Warren, IN). NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 28 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 92 IS 8 BP 1951 EP 1961 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02909 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 186AV UT WOS:000322014500001 PM 23873541 ER PT J AU Hester, PY Enneking, SA Haley, BK Cheng, HW Einstein, ME Rubin, DA AF Hester, P. Y. Enneking, S. A. Haley, B. K. Cheng, H. W. Einstein, M. E. Rubin, D. A. TI The effect of perch availability during pullet rearing and egg laying on musculoskeletal health of caged White Leghorn hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE osteoporosis; bone mineralization; perch; keel fracture; muscle deposition ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; CONVENTIONAL CAGES; FURNISHED CAGES; KEEL BONE; BREAKING STRENGTH; STOCKING DENSITY; HOUSING SYSTEMS; DIETARY CALCIUM; BATTERY CAGES AB A major skeletal problem of conventionally caged hens is increased susceptibility to osteoporosis mainly due to lack of exercise. Osteoporosis is characterized by a progressive decrease in mineralized structural bone. Whereas considerable attention has been given to enriching laying cages, little research has been conducted on providing caged pullets with furnishments, in particular perches. The objective of the current study was to determine if metal perches during all or part of the life cycle of White Leghorns affected hen musculoskeletal health, especially at end of lay. Treatments during the pullet phase (hatch to 16.9 wk) entailed cages with and without perches. Four treatments were used during the laying phase (17 to 71 wk of age). Treatment 1 chickens never had access to perches at any point during their life cycle, typical of egg industry practices in the United States for conventional cages. Treatment 2 chickens had access to perches only during the egg-laying phase, which was from 17 to 71 wk of age. Treatment 3 chickens had access to perches only during the pullet phase (0 to 16.9 wk of age). Treatment 4 chickens had perch access throughout their entire life cycle (0 to 71 wk of age). Musculoskeletal health was assessed by measuring muscle weights, bone mineralization, bone fracture incidence, and keel bone deviations. Muscle deposition of 71-wk-old hens increased when given access to perches as pullets. Bone mineralization of 71-wk-old hens also increased if given perch access as adults. However, the disadvantage of the adult perch was the higher incidence of keel deviations and keel fractures at end of lay. The increase in bone mineralization of the keel bone as a result of perch access during the pullet and laying phases was not great enough to prevent a higher incidence of keel bone fractures at end of lay. Perch redesign and placement of perches within the cage to minimize keel fractures and deviations are possible solutions. C1 [Hester, P. Y.; Enneking, S. A.; Haley, B. K.; Einstein, M. E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cheng, H. W.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rubin, D. A.] Illinois State Univ, Normal, IL 61790 USA. RP Hester, PY (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM phester@purdue.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67021-30114] FX Support for this project was provided by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2011-67021-30114 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Appreciation is extended to F. A. Haan and B. D. Little of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, for the care and management of the chickens. T. L. Pollard of Big Dutchman donated the perches used in the study (Holland, MI). Chicks were donated by Hy-Line Hatchery (Warren, IN). NR 61 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 37 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 92 IS 8 BP 1972 EP 1980 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03008 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 186AV UT WOS:000322014500003 PM 23873543 ER PT J AU Menconi, A Shivaramaiah, S Huff, GR Prado, O Morales, JE Pumford, NR Morgan, M Wolfenden, A Bielke, LR Hargis, BM Tellez, G AF Menconi, A. Shivaramaiah, S. Huff, G. R. Prado, O. Morales, J. E. Pumford, N. R. Morgan, M. Wolfenden, A. Bielke, L. R. Hargis, B. M. Tellez, G. TI Effect of different concentrations of acetic, citric, and propionic acid dipping solutions on bacterial contamination of raw chicken skin SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE organic acid; foodborne pathogen; skin rinse; chicken; shelf-life ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; BROILER CARCASSES; ORGANIC-ACIDS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; FEED WITHDRAWAL; UNITED-STATES; FATTY-ACIDS; POULTRY; GROWTH AB Bacterial contamination of raw, processed poultry may include spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens. We evaluated different combinations of organic acid (OA) wash solutions for their ability to reduce bacterial contamination of raw chicken skin and to inhibit growth of spoilage bacteria and pathogens on skin during refrigerated storage. In experiment 1, raw chicken skin samples were dipped into a suspension of either 108 cfu/mL of Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, or Listeria monocytogenes for 30 s and then immersed in PBS or an OA wash solution mixture of 0.8% citric, 0.8% acetic, and 0.8% propionic acid (at equal wt/vol concentrations) for an additional 30 s. In experiment 2, three different concentrations of the OA wash solution (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% at equal wt/vol concentrations) were tested against chicken skin samples contaminated with Salmonella Typhimurium. Viable pathogenic bacteria on each skin sample were enumerated after 1 and 24 h of storage at 4 degrees C in both experiments. In experiment 3, skin samples were initially treated on d 1 with PBS or 2 concentrations of the OA mixture (0.4 and 0.8%), and total aerobic bacteria were enumerated during a 2-wk storage period. In all experiments, significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed when skin samples were treated with the OA wash solution and no spoilage organisms were recovered at any given time point, whereas increasing log10 numbers of spoilage organisms were recovered over time in PBS-treated skin samples. These results suggest that 0.2 to 0.8% concentrations of an equal-percentage mixture of this OA combination may reduce pathogens and spoilage organisms and improve food safety properties of raw poultry. C1 [Menconi, A.; Shivaramaiah, S.; Pumford, N. R.; Morgan, M.; Wolfenden, A.; Bielke, L. R.; Hargis, B. M.; Tellez, G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, USDA, ARS,Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Huff, G. R.] Univ Arkansas, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, ARS,Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Prado, O.] Univ Colima, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Lab Prod Avicola, Tecoman 28100, Colima, Mexico. [Morales, J. E.] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Dept Prod Agr & Anim, Mexico City 04960, DF, Mexico. RP Tellez, G (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, USDA, ARS,Poultry Sci Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM gtellez@uark.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 24 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 92 IS 8 BP 2216 EP 2220 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03172 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 186AV UT WOS:000322014500032 PM 23873572 ER PT J AU Jones, DR Anderson, KE AF Jones, D. R. Anderson, K. E. TI Housing system and laying hen strain impacts on egg microbiology SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE housing system; egg microbiology; laying strain; alternative production ID BACTERIAL EGGSHELL CONTAMINATION; FURNISHED CAGES; CONVENTIONAL CAGES; SALMONELLA; QUALITY AB Alternative hen housing is becoming more commonplace in the egg market. However, a complete understanding of the implications for alternative housing systems on egg safety has not been achieved. The current study examines the impact of housing Hy-Line Brown, Hy-Line Silver Brown, and Barred Plymouth Rock hens in conventional cage, cage-free, and free range egg production systems on shell microbiology. Eggs were collected at 4 sampling periods. Egg shell emulsion pools were formed and enumerated for total aerobic organisms, Enterobacteriaceae, and yeast and mold counts. Hy-Line Brown and Hy-Line Silver Brown hens produced eggs with significantly (P < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively) different levels of aerobic organisms dependent on housing system. Eggs from conventional cages had significantly different (P < 0.05) levels of aerobic contamination in relation to hen strain with Hy-Line Silver Brown having the greatest (4.57 log cfu/mL). Hy-Line Brown and Barred Plymouth Rock hens produced eggs with significantly different (P < 0.01) levels of Enterobacteriaceae among housing systems with conventional caged eggs having the lowest level of contamination for the hen strains. There were no differences within each strain among housing systems for yeast and mold contamination. The study shows that hen strain has an effect on egg microbial levels for various housing systems, and egg safety should be considered when making hen strain selections for each housing system. C1 [Jones, D. R.] ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Anderson, K. E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Jones, DR (reprint author), ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Deana.Jones@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 47 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 92 IS 8 BP 2221 EP 2225 DI 10.3382/ps.2012-02799 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 186AV UT WOS:000322014500033 PM 23873573 ER PT J AU Vollenweider, P Fenn, ME Menard, T Gunthardt-Goerg, M Bytnerowicz, A AF Vollenweider, Pierre Fenn, Mark E. Menard, Terry Guenthardt-Goerg, Madeleine Bytnerowicz, Andrzej TI Structural injury underlying mottling in ponderosa pine needles exposed to ambient ozone concentrations in the San Bernardino Mountains near Los Angeles, California SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Ponderosa pine; Los Angeles basin; Ozone visible injury; Microscopic diagnosis; Needle histochemistry; Mesophyll ultrastructure ID MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NORWAY SPRUCE; SCOTS PINE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LEAF SENESCENCE; ELEVATED OZONE; CELL-DEATH AB For several decades, southern California experienced the worst ozone pollution ever reported. Peak ozone concentrations have, however, declined steadily since 1980. In this study, the structural injuries underlying ozone symptoms in needles of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) collected in summer 2006 from one of the most polluted sites in the San Bernardino Mountains were investigated using serial sections examined by light and electron microscopy. Ozone-specific light-green diffuse mottling was observed in the current-year needles, whereas older foliage showed brownish mottling similar to winter fleck injury. Especially, within the outer layers of mesophyll, many markers of oxidative stress, typical for ozone, were observed in both apoplast and symplast. Altogether within cells of mottles, these markers were indicative of hypersensitive-like response, whereas degenerative structural changes were diagnosed in the surrounding mesophyll. Evidence of drought stress and frost injury to older needles was also detected. Hence, mottling injury appeared to be primarily caused by ozone stress, however, other environmental stressors also determined the symptom morphology and distribution, especially within the older foliage. C1 [Vollenweider, Pierre; Menard, Terry; Guenthardt-Goerg, Madeleine] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, ZH, Switzerland. [Fenn, Mark E.; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Vollenweider, P (reprint author), Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, ZH, Switzerland. EM pierre.vollenweider@wsl.ch RI Gunthardt-Goerg, Madeleine/L-6461-2013; Vollenweider, Pierre/L-9315-2013 OI Vollenweider, Pierre/0000-0002-4995-1419 NR 84 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 EI 1432-2285 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 895 EP 911 DI 10.1007/s00468-013-0843-7 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 184SJ UT WOS:000321913500006 ER PT J AU Fan, YR Rupert, K Wiedenhoeft, AC Woeste, K Lexer, C Meilan, R AF Fan, Youran Rupert, Kendal Wiedenhoeft, Alex C. Woeste, Keith Lexer, Christian Meilan, Richard TI Figured grain in aspen is heritable and not affected by graft-transmissible signals SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Curly Poplar; Scattered Moire; Figured wood; Heritability; Populus x canescens; Wood quality ID BIRDSEYE SUGAR MAPLE; SPIRAL GRAIN; ACER-SACCHARUM; JUVENILE WOOD; POPULUS-ALBA; SITKA SPRUCE; TREES; AUXIN; DIFFERENTIATION; ARABIDOPSIS AB Figure can add value to wood products, but its occurrence is unpredictable. A first step in reliably producing figured wood is determining whether it is faithfully transmitted to progeny via sexual and asexual reproduction. We describe a 26-year-old male aspen genotype, designated 'Curly Poplar', which was shown to be a Populus x canescens hybrid using microsatellite markers. All rooted cuttings of this genotype exhibited an undulating pattern on the radial surface that was not seen in the control trees, all of which showed a smooth radial surface and straight grain. We observed spiral grain with a magnitude of 2.77 +/- A 0.12A degrees/cm from vertical in 11-month-old, field-grown rooted Curly Poplar cuttings, but spiral grain was not apparent in wood from the 26-year-old mature ortet that supplied these cuttings. Veneer cut from the mature tree exhibited a novel type of figure that we called 'Scattered Moir,'. Reciprocal grafts between Curly Poplar and various non-figured aspens showed that a graft-transmissible signals did not appear to be involved in figure formation in Curly Poplar or the induction of figure in straight-grained trees. Curly Poplar was crossed to a straight-grained clone to test the inheritance of the gene(s) responsible for figure. Samples from the resulting population revealed that 79 out of 377 seedlings exhibited figure. A Chi-square test led to the rejection of a 1:1 segregation ratio between figured and non-figured phenotypes (p < 0.01), but not of a 1:3 segregation ratio (p 0.0793). Overall, these analyses showed that figure in Curly Poplar is under genetic control, but its inheritance may not be simple. C1 [Fan, Youran; Rupert, Kendal; Woeste, Keith; Meilan, Richard] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wiedenhoeft, Alex C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Woeste, Keith] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lexer, Christian] Univ Fribourg, Dept Biol, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. RP Meilan, R (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM rmeilan@purdue.edu RI Lexer, Christian/N-3702-2013 FU Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; British Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) FX We are grateful to Dr. Richard Hall (Iowa State University) who provided Populus cultivars Crandon, Sherrill, and 4877; and Dr. Michael Cunningham (ArborGen, Inc., Summerville, SC), who provided Ca-2-75, the straight-grained P. x canescens. We also thank Mr. Patrick McGovern for producing seeds for the F1 population, and providing the female parent, A502. For their assistance with field work, we thank James McKenna, Brian Beheler, Burk Thompson, Stuart Christopher, and William Skrobutt. This project was partially funded by generous donations from Dr. Samuel Grober and his son, David. Additional support was provided by the Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, and by a grant from the British Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). NR 58 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 973 EP 983 DI 10.1007/s00468-013-0849-1 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 184SJ UT WOS:000321913500012 ER PT J AU Minocha, R Turlapati, SA Long, S North, M AF Minocha, Rakesh Turlapati, Swathi A. Long, Stephanie North, Malcolm TI Fuel treatment effects on soil chemistry and foliar physiology of three coniferous species at the Teakettle Experimental Forest, California, USA SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Understory thinning; Overstory thinning; Jeffrey pine; Sugar pine; White fir; Prescribed burn ID FIRE RESTORATION TREATMENTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; PRESCRIBED FIRE; PONDEROSA PINE; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; TREE REGENERATION; CANOPY NITROGEN; NUTRIENT STATUS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BOREAL FOREST AB A full factorial design crossing overstory (O) and understory (U) thinning and prescribed burning (B) was started at Teakettle Experimental Forest, California, in 2001 with the aim of achieving shifts in species composition to favor fire-resistant pines over fir. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the use of metabolic changes as early indicators for predicting the effects of these treatments on species-specific growth and long-term productivity of Pinus jeffreyi, Pinus lambertiana, and Abies concolor. Foliar polyamines, amino acids, soluble proteins and chlorophyll were quantified and related with foliar and soil chemistry. Most changes in soil chemistry occurred only with combined treatments (BU or BO). Changes in foliar metabolism were not driven by soil chemistry. In general, the pines were more sensitive to water stress as compared to fir as indicated by proline content. Understory thinning had no effect on any species. Both O and BO had species-specific effects on foliar amino acids, chlorophyll, soluble proteins, and inorganic ions. In addition, both O and BO were the most extreme thinning treatments for pines as they greatly increase the time needed to replenish carbon stocks. With the exception of some amino acids, B by itself had no major effects on foliar inorganic ions, chlorophyll content, and polyamines for any of the three species while BU caused a decrease in chlorophyll in white fir, suggesting a decline in photosynthetic capacity. These data point to BU as the best management option to specifically decrease the growth of fire-sensitive white fir without a major impact on pines. C1 [Minocha, Rakesh; Long, Stephanie] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Turlapati, Swathi A.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [North, Malcolm] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Minocha, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM rminocha@unh.edu NR 64 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 1101 EP 1113 DI 10.1007/s00468-013-0860-6 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 184SJ UT WOS:000321913500022 ER PT J AU Renninger, HJ Clark, KL Skowronski, N Schafer, KVR AF Renninger, Heidi J. Clark, Kenneth L. Skowronski, Nicholas Schaefer, Karina V. R. TI Effects of a prescribed fire on water use and photosynthetic capacity of pitch pines SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Controlled burn; Disturbance; Photosynthesis; Pine-dominated; Sap flow ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; PONDEROSA PINE; NEW-JERSEY; CARBON RESERVES; TREE MORTALITY; BARK BEETLES; OAK FOREST; SCOTS PINE; SAP FLOW; GROWTH AB Although wildfires are important in many forested ecosystems, increasing suburbanization necessitates management with prescribed fires. The physiological responses of overstory trees to prescribed fire has received little study and may differ from typical wildfires due to the lower intensity and timing of prescribed fire in the dormant season. Trees may be negatively affected by prescribed fires if injury occurs, or positively affected due to reduced competition from understory vegetation and release of nutrients from partially consumed litter. We estimated sap flow and photosynthetic parameters before a late-March prescribed fire and throughout the growing season in burned and unburned pitch pine (Pinus rigida L.) sites in the New Jersey Pinelands to determine how water use and photosynthetic capacity were affected. Water use was similar between sites before the fire but 27 % lower in burned trees immediately following the fire. After about a month, water use in the burned site was 11-25 % higher than pines from the unburned site and these differences lasted into the summer. Photosynthetic capacity remained similar between sites but instantaneous intrinsic water use efficiency increased by 22 % and maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate (V (cmax)) was over three times greater in the summer compared to the pre-fire period in the burned site, whereas the unburned site exhibited similar V (cmax) and intrinsic water use efficiencies between pre-fire and summer measurements. These differences in physiology suggest that the prescribed fire altered the amount of water and nutrients that pines had access to and led to increased water use and water use efficiency; both of which are important in this water- and nutrient-limited ecosystem. C1 [Renninger, Heidi J.; Schaefer, Karina V. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Clark, Kenneth L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, New Lisbon, NJ 08064 USA. [Skowronski, Nicholas] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Renninger, HJ (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 195 Univ Ave, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM heidiren@bu.edu RI Renninger, Heidi/E-5237-2015; Skowronski, Nicholas/N-4417-2013 OI Renninger, Heidi/0000-0002-2485-9835; Skowronski, Nicholas/0000-0002-5801-5614 FU United States Department of Agriculture [10-JV-11242306-136]; Office of Science (BER), United States Department of Energy [DE-SC0007041] FX The authors would like to thank the New Jersey Forest Fire Service, specifically Section Warden J. Earlin, for conducting the prescribed fire and R. Tripathee, S. Wadhwa, S. Bautista and M. Monzon for laboratory support. This research was supported by United States Department of Agriculture joint venture agreement 10-JV-11242306-136 and the Office of Science (BER), United States Department of Energy DE-SC0007041. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 1115 EP 1127 DI 10.1007/s00468-013-0861-5 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 184SJ UT WOS:000321913500023 ER PT J AU Major, JE Johnsen, KH Barsi, DC Campbell, M AF Major, John E. Johnsen, Kurt H. Barsi, Debby C. Campbell, Moira TI Needle parameter variation of mature black spruce displaying genetic x soil moisture interaction in growth SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Black spruce; Carbon; Crown position; Drought tolerance; Genetic variation; Needle size; Needle mass; Nitrogen; Soil moisture; Total needle area ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; SHOOT WATER RELATIONS; CHLOROPLAST PIGMENT CONCENTRATIONS; PICEA-MARIANA; LOBLOLLY-PINE; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; GAS-EXCHANGE; SLASH PINE; LEAF-AREA; PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY AB To examine soil moisture stress, light, and genetic effects on individual needle parameters and investigate total needle contribution to productivity, individual and total needle parameter variation were quantified in 32-year-old black spruce from five crown positions from four full-sib families studied previously for drought tolerance and differential productivity on a dry and a wet site. The wet site had greater average needle length (NL), specific needle area (SNA), and needle N concentration (NN) than the dry site. Site differences in NN were most likely driven by soil moisture stress impairing N uptake as soil N was equal at both sites. Drought-tolerant families had greater average needle area (NA), but also greater needle dry mass (NDM), than drought-intolerant families. From the top to bottom crown position, needle parameters showing a linear or near linear increase were NL, SNA, and NN; needle parameters showing a linear decrease were NW, NA, NDM and C:N ratio. For total tree needle area, the wet and dry sites had 18.7 and 16.0 m(2) tree(-1) (leaf area index (LAI) 5.6 and 4.8), respectively, whereas total needle C mass was not significantly different between sites. Drought-tolerant and intolerant families had a total NA of 18.8 and16.0 m(2) tree(-1), respectively. However, the greater total NA of drought-tolerant families was driven by one family. Thus, the role of total foliage area at these high LAI values in genetic differences in productivity is inconsistent and most likely low. Therefore, based on a previous 3-year campaign of gas exchange measurements and confirmed independently with carbon isotope analyses, the rate of net photosynthesis is a more important component of site and genetic growth differential in mature black spruce than total needle area. C1 [Major, John E.; Campbell, Moira] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Atlantic Forestry Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. [Johnsen, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Barsi, Debby C.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, HQ, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada. RP Major, JE (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Atlantic Forestry Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. EM jmajor@nrcan.gc.ca NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 1151 EP 1166 DI 10.1007/s00468-013-0865-1 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 184SJ UT WOS:000321913500026 ER PT J AU Chen, MH Kaur, P Dien, B Below, F Vincent, ML Singh, V AF Chen, Ming-Hsu Kaur, Prabhjot Dien, Bruce Below, Frederick Vincent, Michael L. Singh, Vijay TI Use of tropical maize for bioethanol production SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tropical maize; Fermentation; Ethanol ID FUEL ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; SWEET SORGHUM JUICE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; STALK JUICE; FERMENTATION; YEAST; SUGARCANE; GROWTH; CORN AB Tropical maize is an alternative energy crop being considered as a feedstock for bioethanol production in the North Central and Midwest United States. Tropical maize is advantageous because it produces large amounts of soluble sugars in its stalks, creates a large amount of biomass, and requires lower inputs (e.g. nitrogen) than grain corn. Soluble sugars, including sucrose, glucose and fructose were extracted by pressing the stalks at dough stage (R4). The initial extracted syrup fermented faster than the control culture grown on a yeast extract/phosphate/sucrose medium. The syrup was subsequently concentrated 1.25-2.25 times, supplemented with urea, and fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae for up to 96 h. The final ethanol concentrations obtained were 8.1 % (v/v) to 15.6 % (v/v), equivalent to 90.3-92.2 % of the theoretical yields. However, fermentation productivity decreased with sugar concentration, suggesting that the yeast might be osmotically stressed at the increased sugar concentrations. These results provide in-depth information for utilizing tropical maize syrup for bioethanol production that will help in tropical maize breeding and development for use as another feedstock for the biofuel industry. C1 [Chen, Ming-Hsu; Kaur, Prabhjot; Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dien, Bruce] ARS, BioEnergy Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. [Below, Frederick; Vincent, Michael L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Singh, V (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM vsingh@illinois.edu OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0959-3993 J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 29 IS 8 BP 1509 EP 1515 DI 10.1007/s11274-013-1317-1 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 185NZ UT WOS:000321977300018 PM 23508398 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA AF Kimball, B. A. TI Comment on Improving ecophysiological simulation models to predict the impact of elevated CO2 concentration on crop productivity by X. Yin SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Editorial Material DE elevated CO2; free-air CO2 enrichment; FACE; climate change; global change; crop models; wheat ID YIELD FORMATION; ENRICHMENT; WHEAT; RESPONSES AB Scope The recent publication by Yin (2013; Annals of Botany 112: 465475) referred to in the title above provides an excellent review of modelling approaches to predict the impact of elevated CO2 on crop productivity, as well as on the controversy regarding whether yield responses observed in free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments are indeed lower than those from chamber-based experiments. However, the wheat experiments in the example of fig. 1 in Yins paper had a flaw as the control plots lacked blowers that were in the FACE plots, which warmed the FACE plots at night and hastened plant development. This Viewpoint seeks to highlight this fact, and to comment on the relative merits of FACE and enclosure experiments. C1 ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM bruce.kimball@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 112 IS 3 BP 477 EP 478 DI 10.1093/aob/mct130 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 190KE UT WOS:000322337800002 PM 23788745 ER PT J AU Meinersmann, RJ Lindsey, RL Bono, JL Smith, TP Oakley, BB AF Meinersmann, R. J. Lindsey, R. L. Bono, J. L. Smith, T. P. Oakley, B. B. TI Proposed Model for the High Rate of Rearrangement and Rapid Migration Observed in Some IncA/C Plasmid Lineages SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SEQUENCE; GENOME; MUTATIONS; EVOLUTION; ALIGNMENT; REPLICON; ELEMENTS AB IncA/C plasmids are a class of plasmids from the Enterobacteriaceae that are relatively large (49 to >180 kbp), that are readily transferred by conjugation, and that carry multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. Reconstruction of the phylogeny of these plasmids has been difficult because of the high rate of remodeling by recombination-mediated horizontal gene transfer (HGT). We hypothesized that evaluation of nucleotide polymorphisms relative to the rate of HGT would help to develop a clock to show whether anthropic practices have had significant influences on the lineages of the plasmid. A system was developed to rapidly sequence up to 191 known open reading frames from each of 39 recently isolated IncA/C plasmids from a diverse panel of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli strains. With these data plus sequences from GenBank, we were able to distinguish six distinct lineages that had extremely low numbers of polymorphisms within each lineage, especially among the largest group designated as group 1. Two regions, each about half the plasmid in size, could be distinguished with a separate lineal pattern. The distribution of group 1 showed that it has migrated extremely rapidly with fewer polymorphisms than can be expected in 2,000 years. Remodeling by frequent HGT was evident, with a pattern that appeared to have the highest rate just upstream of the putative conjugation origin of transfer (oriT). It seems likely that when an IncA/C plasmid is transferred by conjugation there is an opportunity for plasmid remodeling adjacent to the oriT, which was also adjacent to a multiple antimicrobial resistance gene cassette. C1 [Meinersmann, R. J.; Lindsey, R. L.; Oakley, B. B.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Bono, J. L.; Smith, T. P.] USDA ARS, Clay Ctr, NE USA. RP Meinersmann, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. EM rick.meinersmann@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 79 IS 16 BP 4806 EP 4814 DI 10.1128/AEM.01259-13 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 187ZV UT WOS:000322161700004 PM 23747695 ER PT J AU Wong, S Waldrop, T Summerfelt, S Davidson, J Barrows, F Kenney, PB Welch, T Wiens, GD Snekvik, K Rawls, JF Good, C AF Wong, Sandi Waldrop, Thomas Summerfelt, Steven Davidson, John Barrows, Frederic Kenney, P. Brett Welch, Timothy Wiens, Gregory D. Snekvik, Kevin Rawls, John F. Good, Christopher TI Aquacultured Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Possess a Large Core Intestinal Microbiota That Is Resistant to Variation in Diet and Rearing Density SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEAL-INDUCED ENTERITIS; PLANT PROTEIN DIETS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; GUT MICROBIOTA; SOYBEAN-MEAL; FIN EROSION; STOCKING DENSITY; BACTERIAL-FLORA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AB As global aquaculture fish production continues to expand, an improved understanding of how environmental factors interact in fish health and production is needed. Significant advances have been made toward economical alternatives to costly fishmeal-based diets, such as grain-based formulations, and toward defining the effect of rearing density on fish health and production. Little research, however, has examined the effects of fishmeal- and grain-based diets in combination with alterations in rearing density. Moreover, it is unknown whether interactions between rearing density and diet impact the composition of the fish intestinal microbiota, which might in turn impact fish health and production. We fed aquacultured adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fishmeal- or grain-based diets, reared them under high- or low-density conditions for 10 months in a single aquaculture facility, and evaluated individual fish growth, production, fin indices, and intestinal microbiota composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that the intestinal microbiotas were dominated by a shared core microbiota consisting of 52 bacterial lineages observed across all individuals, diets, and rearing densities. Variations in diet and rearing density resulted in only minor changes in intestinal microbiota composition despite significant effects of these variables on fish growth, performance, fillet quality, and welfare. Significant interactions between diet and rearing density were observed only in evaluations of fin indices and the relative abundance of the bacterial genus Staphylococcus. These results demonstrate that aquacultured rainbow trout can achieve remarkable consistency in intestinal microbiota composition and suggest the possibility of developing novel aquaculture strategies without overtly altering intestinal microbiota composition. C1 [Wong, Sandi; Rawls, John F.] Duke Univ, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Wong, Sandi; Rawls, John F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wong, Sandi; Rawls, John F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Waldrop, Thomas; Summerfelt, Steven; Davidson, John; Good, Christopher] Conservat Funds Freshwater Inst, Shepherdstown, WV USA. [Barrows, Frederic] Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA. [Kenney, P. Brett] W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Welch, Timothy; Wiens, Gregory D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Leetown, WV USA. [Wiens, Gregory D.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Snekvik, Kevin] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Rawls, JF (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM john.rawls@duke.edu; c.good@freshwaterinstitute.org OI Wiens, Gregory/0000-0002-5478-7780 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [59-1930-5-510]; National Institutes of Health [R01 DK081426, R01 GM095385, P30 DK34987] FX This research was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Agreement No. 59-1930-5-510 and National Institutes of Health grants R01 DK081426, R01 GM095385, and P30 DK34987. NR 69 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 7 U2 54 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 79 IS 16 BP 4974 EP 4984 DI 10.1128/AEM.00924-13 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 187ZV UT WOS:000322161700024 PM 23770898 ER PT J AU Garcia, SC Lopez, RN Morales, R Olvera, MA Marquez, MA Merino, R Miller, PJ Afonso, CL AF Garcia, Stivalis Cardenas Lopez, Roberto Navarro Morales, Romeo Olvera, Miguel A. Marquez, Miguel A. Merino, Ruben Miller, Patti J. Afonso, Claudio L. TI Molecular Epidemiology of Newcastle Disease in Mexico and the Potential Spillover of Viruses from Poultry into Wild Bird Species SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRULENCE; DIVERSITY; GENOTYPES; SEQUENCE; ORIGIN AB Newcastle disease, one of the most important health problems that affects the poultry industry around the world, is caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus. Newcastle disease virus is considered to be endemic in several countries in the Americas, including Mexico. In order to control Newcastle disease outbreaks and spread, intensive vaccination programs, which include vaccines formulated with strains isolated at least 60 years ago, have been established. These vaccines are dissimilar in genotype to the virulent Newcastle disease viruses that had been circulating in Mexico until 2008. Here, 28 isolates obtained between 2008 and 2011 from different regions of Mexico from free-living wild birds, captive wild birds, and poultry were phylogenetically and biologically characterized in order to study the recent epidemiology of Newcastle disease viruses in Mexico. Here we demonstrate that, until recently, virulent viruses from genotype V continued to circulate and evolve in the country. All of the Newcastle disease viruses of low virulence, mostly isolated from nonvaccinated free-living wild birds and captive wild birds, were highly similar to LaSota (genotype II) and PHY-LMV42 (genotype I) vaccine strains. These findings, together with the discovery of two virulent viruses at the Mexican zoo, suggest that Newcastle disease viruses may be escaping from poultry into the environment. C1 [Garcia, Stivalis Cardenas; Miller, Patti J.; Afonso, Claudio L.] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Lopez, Roberto Navarro; Olvera, Miguel A.] CPA DGSA SENASICA, Comis Mexico Estados, Unidos Prevenc Fiebre Aftosa & Otras Enfermedades, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Morales, Romeo] Secretaria Medio Ambiente, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico. [Marquez, Miguel A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Merino, Ruben] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Med Zootecnia Aves, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. EM claudio.afonso@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; ARS; CRIS [66612-32000-064] FX This research was funded by USDA, ARS, CRIS project number 66612-32000-064. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 79 IS 16 BP 4985 EP 4992 DI 10.1128/AEM.00993-13 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 187ZV UT WOS:000322161700025 ER PT J AU Lents, CA Barb, CR Hausman, GJ Nonneman, D Heidorn, NL Cissec, RS Azain, MJ AF Lents, C. A. Barb, C. R. Hausman, G. J. Nonneman, D. Heidorn, N. L. Cissec, R. S. Azain, M. J. TI Effects of nesfatin-1 on food intake and LH secretion in prepubertal gilts and genomic association of the porcine NUCB2 gene with growth traits SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Porcine; Luteinizing hormone; Nesfatin-1; Feed intake; Nucleobindin 2; Polymorphism ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; SATIETY MOLECULE; EXPRESSION; HYPOTHALAMUS; ADIPONECTIN; NEURONS; PUBERTY; LEPTIN; RAT AB Nesfatin-1, a product of the nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) gene, purportedly plays important roles in whole-body energy homeostasis. Experiments were conducted to determine how NUCB2 expression in fat depots may be controlled in the pig and to test the hypothesis that nesfatin-1 regulates appetite and LH secretion in the gilt. Prepubertal gilts were used to study expression of NUCB2 in fat and the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of nesfatin-1 on food intake and pituitary hormone secretion. Growing pigs (gilts and barrows at 22 wk of age, n = 1,145) or sexually mature gilts (n = 439) were used to test association of SNP in the NUCB2 gene with growth traits. The expression of NUCB2 was similar for subcutaneous fat compared with perirenal fat. An i.c.v. injection of the melanocortin-4 receptor agonist [Nle(4), d-Phe(7)]-alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone did not alter expression of NUCB2 mRNA in the hypothalamus but reduced (P = 0.056) NUCB2 mRNA expression in subcutaneous fat. Short-term (7 d) submaintenance feeding reduced (P < 0.05) BW and did not alter expression of mRNA for NUCB2, visfatin, or leptin but increased (P < 0.05) expression of adiponectin mRNA in fat. Central injection of nesfatin-1 suppressed (P < 0.001) feed intake. Secretion of LH was greater (P < 0.01) after i.c.v. injection of nesfatin-1 than-after saline. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the porcine NUCB2 gene were not associated with adiposity of growing pigs or age at puberty in gilts but were associated (P < 0.05) with BW at puberty. These data indicate that NUCB2 is expressed in fat depots of the pig and that the level of expression is sensitive to stimulation of appetite-regulating pathways in the hypothalamus. It is confirmed herein that nesfatin-1 can regulate appetite in the pig and affect the gonadotropic axis of the prepubertal pig. Association of SNP in the porcine NUCB2 gene with BW at puberty suggests that regulation of appetite by nesfatin-1 in the pig affects growth, which may have important consequences for adult phenotypes. C1 [Lents, C. A.; Nonneman, D.] USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Barb, C. R.; Hausman, G. J.] USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Heidorn, N. L.; Cissec, R. S.; Azain, M. J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Lents, CA (reprint author), USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM clay.lents@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 45 IS 2 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2013.06.002 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 187UQ UT WOS:000322147400005 PM 23820242 ER PT J AU Busby, G Amacher, GS Haight, RG AF Busby, Gwenlyn Amacher, Gregory S. Haight, Robert G. TI The social costs of homeowner decisions in fire-prone communities: Information, insurance, and amenities SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Wildfire; Spatial games; Spatial externalities; Natural hazards; Risk management; Imperfect information ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; WILDFIRE RISK; EXTERNALITIES; PREVENTION; POLICY; MANAGEMENT AB In this article, we consider wildfire risk management decisions using a dynamic stochastic model of homeowner interaction in a setting where spatial externalities arise. Our central objective is to apply observations from the social science literature about homeowner preferences to this economic externality problem and determine how assumptions about insurance, information and starting fuel loads affect outcomes and the effectiveness of policy. Three new features of our approach are, first, to assess fuel treatment behavior under potential misinformation scenarios, second, to allow for heterogeneous starting fuel loads across ownerships, and, finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of insurance and direct regulation at improving outcomes. Among other results, we find that risk-adjusted insurance may not create incentives for fuel treatment when government suppression exists, and in games with heterogeneous starting fuel loads, the social costs from misinformation can persist over a greater range of fire probability and damage function parameter values. These results suggest that, even as information about wildfire improves, the social costs inherent in private decisions will be more persistent than previously thought on landscapes where fuel stock differs across ownerships. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Busby, Gwenlyn; Amacher, Gregory S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Haight, Robert G.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Busby, G (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, 310 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM gbusby@vt.edu; gamacher@vt.edu; rhaight@fs.fed.us NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 92 SI SI BP 104 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.02.019 PG 10 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA 188PU UT WOS:000322206800012 ER PT J AU Cook, KL Flis, SA Ballard, CS AF Cook, K. L. Flis, S. A. Ballard, C. S. TI Sensitivity of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium to low pH, high organic acids and ensiling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dairy; Escherichia coli; forage; Mycobacterium; organic acids; paratuberculosis; Salm. Typhimurium; Salmonella; silage ID REAL-TIME PCR; GRASS-SILAGE; PROPIDIUM MONOAZIDE; INTRACELLULAR PH; ACETIC-ACID; SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; ENTEROCOCCUS SPP.; QUANTITATIVE PCR; CORN-SILAGE; SURVIVAL AB Aims: To evaluate the persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (Myco.paratuberculosis), Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (Salm.Typhimurium) and a commensal Escherichia coli (E.coli) isolate under the low pH and high organic acid (OA) conditions of ensiling of forages. Methods and Results: Decay rates and the time required to obtain a 90% reduction in cell concentration were calculated following (i) exposure to buffered OA (pH 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 or 7.0) (ii) exposure to silage exudates and (iii) survival through ensiling of forage materials. Salm.Typhimurium had higher decay rates in silage exudates (-0.5601day(-1)) than did E.coli (-0.1265day(-1)), but both exhibited lower decay rates in silage than in OA or silage exudates. Myco.paratuberculosis showed no decrease in silage and decay rates in silage exudates were significantly lower (2-12 times) than for the other two organisms. Conclusions: Escherichia coli, Salm.Typhimurium and Myco.paratuberculosis exhibit marked differences in response to acidity. All three organisms show acid resistance, but Myco.paratuberculosis in particular, if present in manure and applied to forage grasses, may survive the low pH and high OA of the ensilaging process; silage may therefore be a potential route of infection if ingested by a susceptible animal. Significance and Impact of Study: This information contributes to the understanding of potential risks associated with silage preservation and contamination of livestock feed with manure-borne pathogens. C1 [Cook, K. L.] ARS, USDA, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Flis, S. A.; Ballard, C. S.] William H Miner Agr Res Inst, Chazy, NY USA. RP Cook, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM kim.cook@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 115 IS 2 BP 334 EP 345 DI 10.1111/jam.12243 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 184MR UT WOS:000321894900002 PM 23647636 ER PT J AU Bradner, L Robbe-Austerman, S Beitz, DC Stabel, JR AF Bradner, L. Robbe-Austerman, S. Beitz, D. C. Stabel, J. R. TI Optimization of Hexadecylpyridinium Chloride Decontamination for Culture of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from Milk (vol 51, pg 1575, 2013) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Bradner, L.] Iowa State Univ, Roy J Carver Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Vet Serv, USDA, APHIS, Ames, IA USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Bradner, L (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Roy J Carver Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 8 BP 2804 EP 2804 DI 10.1128/JCM.01329-13 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 185FO UT WOS:000321951800063 ER PT J AU Weller, JI VanRaden, PM Wiggans, GR AF Weller, J. I. VanRaden, P. M. Wiggans, G. R. TI Application of a posteriori granddaughter and modified granddaughter designs to determine Holstein haplotype effects SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE granddaughter design; genetic evaluation; genomic selection; haplotype ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; DAIRY-CATTLE; GENOMIC PREDICTIONS; MISSENSE MUTATION; MILK-PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; DGAT1; QTL; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISM AB A posteriori and modified granddaughter designs were applied to determine haplotype effects for Holstein bulls and cows with BovineSNP50 [similar to 50,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP); Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA] genotypes. The a posteriori granddaughter design was applied to 52 sire families, each with >= 100 genotyped sons with genetic evaluations based on progeny tests. For 33 traits (milk, fat, and protein yields; fat and protein percentages; somatic cell score; productive life; daughter pregnancy rate; heifer and cow conception rates; service-sire and daughter calving ease; servicesire and daughter stillbirth; 18 conformation traits; and net merit), the analysis was applied to the autosomal segment with the SNP with the greatest effect in the genomic evaluation of each trait. All traits except 2 had a within-family haplotype effect. The same design was applied with the genetic evaluations of sons corrected for SNP effects associated with chromosomes besides the one under analysis. The number of within-family contrasts was 166 without adjustment and 211 with adjustment. Of the 52 bulls analyzed, 36 had BovineHD (high density; Illumina Inc.) genotypes that were used to test for concordance between sire quantitative trait loci and SNP genotypes; complete concordance was not obtained for any effects. Of the 31 traits with effects from the a posteriori granddaughter design, 21 were analyzed with the modified granddaughter design. Only sires with a contrast for the a posteriori granddaughter design and >= 200 granddaughters with a record usable for genetic evaluation were included. Calving traits could not be analyzed because individual cow evaluations were not computed. Eight traits had within-family haplotype effects. With respect to milk and fat yields and fat percentage, the results on Boa taurus autosome (BTA) 14 corresponded to the hypothesis that a missense mutation in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene is the main causative mutation, although other polymorphisms in that gene also modify fat yield and percentage. The positive allele for protein concentration was less frequent, which indicated that selection on that locus could be effective. Although the results can be used to determine causative polymorphisms for most of the analyzed traits, complete DNA sequencing of most of the analyzed sires probably will be required. C1 [Weller, J. I.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Anim Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [VanRaden, P. M.; Wiggans, G. R.] ARS, Animal Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Weller, JI (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Anim Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. EM weller@agri.huji.ac.il FU Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) [IS-4394-11R]; Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali (MIPAAF, Rome, Italy) [DM 10750-7303-2011]; Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra; London, UK) FX This research was supported by a grant from the Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Fund Research Project IS-4394-11R. The authors thank the Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali (MIPAAF, Rome, Italy) for funding the high-density (HD) genotypes contributed by the Innovagen project (DM 10750-7303-2011) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra; London, UK) for funding the HD genotypes contributed as part of the Ruminant Genetic Improvement Network. The authors thank Suzanne Hubbard for editorial assistance. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 96 IS 8 BP 5376 EP 5387 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-6650 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 186PF UT WOS:000322055900058 PM 23746582 ER PT J AU Wang, TTY Edwards, AJ Clevidence, BA AF Wang, Thomas T. Y. Edwards, Alison J. Clevidence, Beverly A. TI Strong and weak plasma response to dietary carotenoids identified by cluster analysis and linked to beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 single nucleotide polymorphisms SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Carotenoids; Beta-carotene; Lycopene; Phytoene; Phytofluene; Genotype ID PROSTATE-CANCER RISK; INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; HEALTHY-MEN; VITAMIN-C; LYCOPENE; HUMANS; BIOAVAILABILITY; METABOLISM; ENZYMES AB The mechanisms as well the genetics underlying the bioavailability and metabolism of carotenoids in humans remain unclear. To begin to address these questions, we used cluster analysis to examine individual temporal responses of plasma carotenoids from a controlled-diet study of subjects who consumed carotenoid-rich beverages. Treatments, given daily for 3 weeks, were watermelon juice at two levels (20-mg lycopene, 2.5-mg beta-carotene, n=23 and 40-mg lycopene, 5-mg beta-carotene, n=12) and tomato juice (18-mg lycopene, 0.6-mg beta-carotene, n=10). Cluster analysis revealed distinct groups of subjects differing in the temporal response of plasma carotenoids and provided the basis for classifying subjects as strong responders or weak responders for beta-carotene. lycopene, phytoene and phytofluene. Individuals who were strong or weak responders for one carotenoid were not necessarily strong or weak responders for another carotenoid. Furthermore, individual responsiveness was associated with genetic variants of the carotenoid metabolizing enzyme beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1. These results support the concept that individuals absorb or metabolize carotenoids differently across time and suggest that bioavailability of carotenoids may involve specific genetic variants of beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wang, Thomas T. Y.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Edwards, Alison J.; Clevidence, Beverly A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, TTY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU Watermelon Promotion Board, Orlando, FL, USA FX The original feeding study was supported, in part, by the Watermelon Promotion Board, Orlando, FL, USA and conducted in collaboration with Penelope Perkins-Veazie. NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 EI 1873-4847 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1538 EP 1546 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.01.001 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 189TB UT WOS:000322290100016 PM 23517913 ER PT J AU Gipson, C AF Gipson, Chester TI A word from USDA Response SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 APHIS, USDA, AC, Washington, DC USA. RP Gipson, C (reprint author), APHIS, USDA, AC, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 8 BP 280 EP 280 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 193MO UT WOS:000322564100013 PM 23877605 ER PT J AU Brewer, MC Mass, CF Potter, BE AF Brewer, Matthew C. Mass, Clifford F. Potter, Brian E. TI The West Coast Thermal Trough: Mesoscale Evolution and Sensitivity to Terrain and Surface Fluxes SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Complex terrain; Downslope winds; Mesoscale processes; Coastal meteorology; Mesoscale forecasting; Numerical weather prediction; forecasting ID TRAPPED WIND REVERSALS; UNITED-STATES; SYNOPTIC EVOLUTION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; ONSHORE PUSH; WARM-SEASON; MARINE AIR AB Despite the significant impacts of the West Coast thermal trough (WCTT) on West Coast weather and climate, questions remain regarding its mesoscale structure, origin, and dynamics. Of particular interest is the relative importance of terrain forcing, advection, and surface heating on WCTT formation and evolution. To explore such questions, the 13-16 May 2007 WCTT event was examined using observations and simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. An analysis of the thermodynamic energy equation for these simulations was completed, as well as sensitivity experiments in which terrain or surface fluxes were removed or modified. For the May 2007 event, vertical advection of potential temperature is the primary driver of local warming and WCTT formation west of the Cascades. The downslope flow that drives this warming is forced by easterly flow associated with high pressure over British Columbia, Canada. When the terrain is removed from the model, the WCTT does not form and high pressure builds over the northwest United States. When the WCTT forms on the east side of the Cascades, diabatic heating dominates over the other terms in the thermodynamic energy equation, with warm advection playing a small role. If surface heat fluxes are neglected, an area of low pressure remains east of the Cascades, though it is substantially attenuated. C1 [Brewer, Matthew C.; Mass, Clifford F.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Potter, Brian E.] USDA Forest Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Brewer, MC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM mcbrewer83@yahoo.com FU USDA Forest Service [PNW-10-JV-11261987-033] FX This research was supported by the USDA Forest Service through Agreement PNW-10-JV-11261987-033. We wish to thank Mr. John Saltenberger and Ms. Julia Ruthford for helpful conversations regarding the fire impacts of thermal troughs, and Jeff Baars and Rick Steed for support in running the WRF Model and postprocessing. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 141 IS 8 BP 2869 EP 2896 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00305.1 PG 28 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 188VR UT WOS:000322225200017 ER PT J AU Tian, H Drijber, RA Li, XL Miller, DN Wienhold, BJ AF Tian, Hui Drijber, Rhae A. Li, Xiaolin Miller, Daniel N. Wienhold, Brian J. TI Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differ in their ability to regulate the expression of phosphate transporters in maize (Zea mays L.) SO MYCORRHIZA LA English DT Article DE Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Maize; Pi transporter gene; Phosphorus; Real-time RT-PCR; Fatty acid biomarker ID PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE; ROOTS; SOIL; GROWTH; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; COLONIZATION; NUTRITION; RESPONSES; SYMBIOSIS; PROFILES AB Previous studies have found that some phosphate (Pi) starvation inducible transporter genes are downregulated and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inducible Pi transporter genes are upregulated in maize roots associated with the fungus Glomus intraradices. However, little is known about the functional diversity of different AM fungal species in influencing the expression of Pi transporters in maize roots. Here, we studied the expression of two Pi transporter genes ZEAma:Pht1;3 (Pi starvation inducible) and ZEAma:Pht1;6 (AM inducible) in maize root colonized by different AM fungal inoculants. Non-mycorrhizal maize, maize colonized by Glomus deserticola (CA113), Glomus intraradices (IA506), Glomus mosseae (CA201), Gigaspora gigantea (MN922A) and the co-inoculation of all four species were established. The expression patterns of the two genes were quantified using real-time, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expression level of ZEAma:Pht1;6 was 26-135 times higher in AM plants than in non-mycorrhizal maize roots, whereas the expression level of ZEAma:Pht1;3 was five to 44 times lower in AM plants than in non-mycorrhizal plants. Expression of the two genes differed with inoculation treatment, and increasing the diversity of AM fungi in maize roots led to greater expression of ZEAma:Pht1;6 as well as Pi uptake in shoots. The expression of ZEAma:Pht1;6 was significantly positively correlated with AM colonization rate, concentration of AM biomarkers in maize roots, Pi uptake and dry weight of shoot, but negatively correlated with the expression of ZEAma:Pht1;3. Addition of Pi fertilizer at a low concentration significantly increased the expression of ZEAma:Pht1;6 but had no effect on the expression of ZEAma:Pht1;3. C1 [Tian, Hui] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Drijber, Rhae A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. [Li, Xiaolin] China Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Miller, Daniel N.; Wienhold, Brian J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Drijber, RA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, 316 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. EM rdrijber1@unl.edu OI Miller, Daniel/0000-0003-3476-487X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41201239]; Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China [2012JQ3011]; University of Nebraska FX The work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Program no. 41201239), the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (program no. 2012JQ3011), and the University of Nebraska. We thank Elizabeth Jeske for the assistance in the AM biomarker analysis, and Ryan McGhee and Jennifer McGhee for the assistance in the molecular analyses. We also thank Ruth Miller for the assistance in the greenhouse. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-6360 EI 1432-1890 J9 MYCORRHIZA JI Mycorrhiza PD AUG PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 507 EP 514 DI 10.1007/s00572-013-0491-1 PG 8 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 184SQ UT WOS:000321914200007 PM 23467773 ER PT J AU Haas, BJ Papanicolaou, A Yassour, M Grabherr, M Blood, PD Bowden, J Couger, MB Eccles, D Li, B Lieber, M MacManes, MD Ott, M Orvis, J Pochet, N Strozzi, F Weeks, N Westerman, R William, T Dewey, CN Henschel, R Leduc, RD Friedman, N Regev, A AF Haas, Brian J. Papanicolaou, Alexie Yassour, Moran Grabherr, Manfred Blood, Philip D. Bowden, Joshua Couger, Matthew Brian Eccles, David Li, Bo Lieber, Matthias MacManes, Matthew D. Ott, Michael Orvis, Joshua Pochet, Nathalie Strozzi, Francesco Weeks, Nathan Westerman, Rick William, Thomas Dewey, Colin N. Henschel, Robert Leduc, Richard D. Friedman, Nir Regev, Aviv TI De novo transcript sequence reconstruction from RNA-seq using the Trinity platform for reference generation and analysis SO NATURE PROTOCOLS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; REFERENCE GENOME; GENE; QUANTIFICATION; NORMALIZATION; ALIGNMENT; REVEALS; DESIGN AB De novo assembly of RNA-seq data enables researchers to study transcriptomes without the need for a genome sequence; this approach can be usefully applied, for instance, in research on 'non-model organisms' of ecological and evolutionary importance, cancer samples or the microbiome. In this protocol we describe the use of the Trinity platform for de novo transcriptome assembly from RNA-seq data in non-model organisms. We also present Trinity-supported companion utilities for downstream applications, including RSEM for transcript abundance estimation, R/Bioconductor packages for identifying differentially expressed transcripts across samples and approaches to identify protein-coding genes. In the procedure, we provide a workflow for genome-independent transcriptome analysis leveraging the Trinity platform. The software, documentation and demonstrations are freely available from http://trinityrnaseq.sourceforge.net. The run time of this protocol is highly dependent on the size and complexity of data to be analyzed. The example data set analyzed in the procedure detailed herein can be processed in less than 5 h. C1 [Haas, Brian J.; Yassour, Moran; Pochet, Nathalie; Regev, Aviv] Broad Inst Massachusetts Inst Technol MIT & Harva, Cambridge, England. [Papanicolaou, Alexie; Ott, Michael] Black Mt Labs, Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org CSIRO Ecosyst, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Yassour, Moran] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Selim & Rachel Benin Sch Comp Sci, Jerusalem, Israel. [Grabherr, Manfred] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, Sci Life Lab, Uppsala, Sweden. [Blood, Philip D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh Supercomp Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Bowden, Joshua] CSIRO Informat Management & Technol, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Couger, Matthew Brian] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Eccles, David] Griffith Univ, Genom Res Ctr, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia. [Li, Bo] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lieber, Matthias] Tech Univ Dresden, Ctr Informat Serv & High Performance Comp ZII I, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [MacManes, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Orvis, Joshua] Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Pochet, Nathalie] Univ Ghent VIB, Dept Plant Biotechnol & Bioinformat, Dept Plant Syst Biol, Ghent, Belgium. [Strozzi, Francesco] Localita Cascina Codazza, Lodi, Italy. [Weeks, Nathan] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Westerman, Rick] Purdue Univ, Genom Facil, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [William, Thomas] GWT TUD GmbH, Saxony, Germany. [Dewey, Colin N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biostat & Med Informat, Madison, WI USA. [Henschel, Robert; Leduc, Richard D.] Indiana Univ, Res Technol Div, Univ Informat Technol Serv, Bloomington, IN USA. [Regev, Aviv] MIT, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Haas, BJ (reprint author), Broad Inst Massachusetts Inst Technol MIT & Harva, Cambridge, England. EM bhaas@broadinstitute.org; aregev@broad.mit.edu RI MacManes, Matthew/B-8303-2011; Friedman, Nir/H-9692-2012; Papanicolaou, Alexie/A-1618-2011; OI MacManes, Matthew/0000-0002-2368-6960; Friedman, Nir/0000-0002-9678-3550; Papanicolaou, Alexie/0000-0002-3635-6848; Lieber, Matthias/0000-0003-3137-0648 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); US National Institutes of Health (NIH); Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) [HHSN272200900018C]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI); NIH PIONEER award; Center for Excellence in Genome Science from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [5P50HG006193-02]; Klarman Cell Observatory at the Broad Institute; CSIRO Office of the Chief Executive (OCE); National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCI-1053575]; NIH [1R01HG005232-01A1]; J. Thomson's MacArthur Professorship; Morgridge Institute for Research support for Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung via the project 'NGSgoesHPC'; Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders (Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) Vlaanderen), Belgium; NSF [ABI-1062432, CNS-0521433]; Indiana METACyt Initiative; Lilly Endowment, Inc.; CSIRO eResearch Accelerated Computing Project; Clore Foundation FX We are grateful to D. Jaffe and S. Young for access to additional computing resources, to Z. Chen for help in R-scripting, to L. Gaffney for help with figure illustrations, to C. Titus Brown for essential discussions and inspiration related to digital normalization strategies, to G. Marcais and C. Kingsford for supporting the use of their Jellyfish software in Trinity and to B. Walenz for supporting our earlier use of Meryl. We are grateful to our users and their feedback, in particular J. Wortman and P. Bain for comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. This project has been funded in part (B.J.H.) with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), US National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), under contract no. HHSN272200900018C. Work was supported by Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), a NIH PIONEER award, a Center for Excellence in Genome Science grant no. 5P50HG006193-02 from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) and the Klarman Cell Observatory at the Broad Institute (A.R.). A.P. was supported by the CSIRO Office of the Chief Executive (OCE). M.Y. was supported by the Clore Foundation. P.B. was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grant no. OCI-1053575 for the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) project. B.L. and C.D. were partially supported by NIH grant no. 1R01HG005232-01A1. In addition, B.L. was partially funded by J. Thomson's MacArthur Professorship and by the Morgridge Institute for Research support for Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine. M.L. was supported by the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung via the project 'NGSgoesHPC'. N.P. was funded by the Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders (Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) Vlaanderen), Belgium. R.H. and R.D.L. were funded by the NSF under grant nos. ABI-1062432 and CNS-0521433 to Indiana University, and by Indiana METACyt Initiative, which is supported in part by Lilly Endowment, Inc. J.B. was supported through a CSIRO eResearch Accelerated Computing Project. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the funding bodies and institutions including the National Science Foundation, the National Center for Genome Analysis Support and Indiana University. NR 50 TC 819 Z9 838 U1 48 U2 364 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1754-2189 EI 1750-2799 J9 NAT PROTOC JI Nat. Protoc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 BP 1494 EP 1512 DI 10.1038/nprot.2013.084 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 188WO UT WOS:000322228600003 PM 23845962 ER PT J AU Burt, S Deddens, JA Crombie, K Jin, Y Wurzelbacher, S Ramsey, J AF Burt, Susan Deddens, James A. Crombie, Ken Jin, Yan Wurzelbacher, Steve Ramsey, Jessica TI A prospective study of carpal tunnel syndrome: workplace and individual risk factors SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HAND ACTIVITY; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; WORK; OCCUPATION; EXPOSURE; INDEX; FORCE; WRIST; CTS AB Objectives To quantify the risk for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) from workplace physical factors, particularly hand activity level and forceful exertion, while taking into account individual factors including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and pre-existing medical conditions. Methods Three healthcare and manufacturing workplaces were selected for inclusion on the basis of range of exposure to hand activity level and forceful exertion represented by their jobs. Each study participant's job tasks were observed and evaluated onsite and videotaped for further analysis, including frequency and duration of exertion and postural deviation. Individual health assessment entailed electrodiagnostic testing of median and ulnar nerves, physical examination and questionnaires at baseline with annual follow-up for 2years. Results The incidence of dominant hand CTS during the study was 5.11 per 100 person-years (29 cases). Adjusted HRs for dominant hand CTS were as follows: working with forceful exertion 20% but <60% of the time: 2.83 (1.18, 6.79) and 60% of the time vs <20%: 19.57 (5.96, 64.24), BMI 30kg/m(2) (obesity): 3.19 (1.28, 7.98). The American Conference for Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for hand activity level also predicted CTS, HR=1.40 (1.11, 1.78) for each unit increase in the TLV ratio, controlling for obesity and job strain. Conclusions Workplace and individual risk factors both contribute to the risk for CTS. Time spent in forceful exertion can be a greater risk for CTS than obesity if the job exposure is high. Preventive workplace efforts should target forceful exertions. C1 [Burt, Susan; Deddens, James A.; Jin, Yan; Wurzelbacher, Steve] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Crombie, Ken] USDA, FSIS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramsey, Jessica] NIOSH, DSHEFS HETAB, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Burt, S (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM sburt@cdc.gov OI Burt, Susan/0000-0002-4353-9773 FU Centers for Disease Control; National Institute for Occupational Safety; Health National Occupational Research Agenda I research program FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Occupational Research Agenda I research program in 2000. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 16 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 70 IS 8 BP 568 EP 574 DI 10.1136/oemed-2012-101287 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187JR UT WOS:000322114400008 PM 23788614 ER PT J AU Lynch, SC Zambino, PJ Mayorquin, JS Wang, DH Eskalen, A AF Lynch, Shannon Colleen Zambino, Paul J. Mayorquin, Joey Sal Wang, Danny Ho Eskalen, Akif TI Identification of New Fungal Pathogens of Coast Live Oak in California SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CATALONIA NE SPAIN; QUERCUS-RUBRA L; SP-NOV; BOTRYOSPHAERIA-STEVENSII; COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CORK OAK; ROBUR L; PHYLOGENY; PHAEOACREMONIUM AB A decline of coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) has been observed throughout southern California. In this study, the identity and pathogenicity of non-Botryosphaeriaceae fungal species consistently recovered from necrotic tissues of branch and bleeding trunk canker samples from these locations were assessed. Species were identified morphologically and by comparison of the complete sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA to sequences available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses were then conducted using ITS and partial sequences of the beta-tubulin and mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit genes for unknown species. Fungi recovered and identified included Fusarium solani, Phaeoacremonium mortoniae, Diatrypella verrucaeformis, and a fungus described herein as Cryptosporiopsis querciphila sp. nov. One-year-old coast live oak seedlings were wound inoculated under controlled conditions to test pathogenicity of the fungal species. Each fungal species was successfully reisolated from necrotic tissue at 70 and 100% for P. mortoniae and all other species, and xylem necrosis was significantly different between all treatments and controls (P < 0.0001 at alpha = 0.05). Isolates of F. solani were the most aggressive tested. These species represent new records of fungal pathogens of coast live oak in California. Results from the pathogenicity test suggest that these fungi play a role in the decline of southern California coast live oak trees. C1 [Lynch, Shannon Colleen] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Conservat Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Zambino, Paul J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. [Mayorquin, Joey Sal; Wang, Danny Ho; Eskalen, Akif] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Eskalen, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM akif.eskalen@ucr.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region FX This project was funded (in part) by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region. We thank T. Scott (University of California, Riverside, Department of Earth Science), T. Coleman, and A. Koonce (late) (USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection) for coordination on sites for research; the many organizations and their staff involved in granting permission to conduct research on public and private lands, including the staff of the Cleveland National Forest (R. Lajoie, O. Martin, and J. Wells), staff of San Diego City and County Parks (E. Lavallee, R. Covalt, M. Ramsey, and J. Stowers), C. Bell (Nature Conservancy), J. Easton and G. Egenes (Riverside Land Conservancy), D. Holt and N. Sloan (Wilderness Gardens Preserve), and D. Hodges and M. Hall (Mataguay Scout Camp); T. Powell, W. Tom, M. Ho, L. Yeung, T. Cheung, and S. Akgul for providing lab assistance; G. Douhan and P. Rolshausen for reviewing this manuscript; anonymous reviewers for comments and suggestions; and B. Taub, A. Fiala, J. Medeiros, P. Maloney, K. Preston, M. Allen, V. Rorive, and J. Parham. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1025 EP 1036 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-12-1055-RE PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 185SV UT WOS:000321991500003 ER PT J AU Ling, KS Levi, A Adkins, S Kousik, CS Miller, G Hassell, R Keinath, AP AF Ling, K. -S. Levi, A. Adkins, S. Kousik, C. S. Miller, G. Hassell, R. Keinath, A. P. TI Development and Field Evaluation of Multiple Virus-Resistant Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID YELLOW-MOSAIC-VIRUS; US PLANT INTRODUCTIONS; CUCURBIT VIRUSES; WATERMELON PLANTS; MIXED INFECTIONS; POWDERY MILDEW; GERM PLASM; FLORIDA; SQUASH; INHERITANCE AB In an effort to develop bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) as a widely adapted rootstock for watermelon grafting, we sought to identify lines with broad resistance to several cucurbit viruses that are economically important in the United States. Preliminary analysis under greenhouse conditions indicated that the currently available commercial watermelon rootstocks were either highly susceptible or somewhat tolerant to one or more viruses. However, in greenhouse screening, several breeding lines of bottle gourd displayed broad-spectrum resistance to four viruses tested, including Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Papaya ringspot virus watermelon strain (PRSV-W), and Squash vein yellowing virus. Resistance to PRSV-W and WMV was confirmed through field trials in two consecutive years at two different locations in South Carolina. Two breeding lines (USVL#1-8 and USVL#5-5) with broad-spectrum virus resistance could be useful materials for watermelon rootstock development. C1 [Ling, K. -S.; Levi, A.; Kousik, C. S.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Adkins, S.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Miller, G.] Clemson Univ, Edisto Res & Educ Ctr, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. [Hassell, R.; Keinath, A. P.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Ling, KS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM kai.ling@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1057 EP 1062 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-12-0639-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 185SV UT WOS:000321991500007 ER PT J AU Kolmer, JA Hughes, ME AF Kolmer, J. A. Hughes, M. E. TI Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2011 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LEAF RUST RESISTANCE; F-SP TRITICI; NORTH-AMERICA; VIRULENCE; POPULATIONS; CULTIVARS; DIVERSITY; CANADA AB Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected leaves provided by cooperators throughout the United States and from wheat fields and breeding plots by USDA-ARS personnel and cooperators in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, southeastern states, Oregon, and Washington State in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in 2011. Single uredinial isolates (440 total) were derived from the collections and tested for virulence phenotype on 18 lines of Thatcher wheat and a winter wheat line that are near-isogenic for 19 leaf rust resistance genes. In 2011, 87 virulence phenotypes were described in the United States. Virulence phenotypes TBBGJ, MLDSD, and TCRKG were the three most common phenotypes. Phenotype TBBGJ is virulent to Lr39/41 and was widely distributed throughout the hard red winter wheat region of the Great Plains Phenotype MLDSD is virulent to Lr17 and Lr39/41 and was widely distributed throughout the United States. Phenotype TCRKG is virulent to Lr11, Lr18, and Lr26 and was found mostly in the soft red winter wheat region in the eastern United States. Isolates with virulence to Lr39/41 and avirulence to Lr9 were prevalent in the Great Plains region for the first time. Virulence to Lr21 was present in five virulence phenotypes mostly from the spring wheat region of the northern Great Plains. C1 [Kolmer, J. A.; Hughes, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kolmer, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Jim.Kolmer@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1103 EP 1108 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-12-1068-SR PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 185SV UT WOS:000321991500014 ER PT J AU Parkunan, V Li, S Fonsah, EG Ji, P AF Parkunan, V. Li, S. Fonsah, E. G. Ji, P. TI First Report of Alternaria Leaf Spot of Banana Caused by Alternaria alternata in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Parkunan, V.; Ji, P.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Li, S.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Fonsah, E. G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Parkunan, V (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1116 EP 1117 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0007-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 185SV UT WOS:000321991500035 ER PT J AU Serrato-Diaz, LM Latoni-Brailowsky, EI Rivera-Vargas, LI Goenaga, R Crous, PW French-Monar, RD AF Serrato-Diaz, L. M. Latoni-Brailowsky, E. I. Rivera-Vargas, L. I. Goenaga, R. Crous, P. W. French-Monar, R. D. TI First Report of Calonectria hongkongensis Causing Fruit Rot of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Serrato-Diaz, L. M.; French-Monar, R. D.] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Amarillo, TX USA. [Latoni-Brailowsky, E. I.; Rivera-Vargas, L. I.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Goenaga, R.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Crous, P. W.] Cent Bur Schimmelcultures, Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Serrato-Diaz, LM (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Amarillo, TX USA. RI Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012 OI Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1117 EP 1117 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-13-0008-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 185SV UT WOS:000321991500036 ER PT J AU Stewart, LR Paul, PA Qu, F Redinbaugh, MG Miao, H Todd, J Jones, M AF Stewart, L. R. Paul, P. A. Qu, F. Redinbaugh, M. G. Miao, H. Todd, J. Jones, M. TI Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), the Causal Agent of High Plains Disease, is Present in Ohio Wheat Fields SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Stewart, L. R.; Redinbaugh, M. G.; Todd, J.; Jones, M.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Stewart, L. R.; Paul, P. A.; Qu, F.; Redinbaugh, M. G.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Miao, H.] Hebei Acad Agr & Forest Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Baoding, Peoples R China. RP Stewart, LR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RI Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013 NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1125 EP 1125 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-13-0243-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 185SV UT WOS:000321991500055 ER PT J AU Sicher, R AF Sicher, Richard TI Combined effects of CO2 enrichment and elevated growth temperatures on metabolites in soybean leaflets: evidence for dynamic changes of TCA cycle intermediates SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Anaplerosis; Glycolysis; Photosynthesis; Respiration; Stress ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; SEED YIELD; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACCLIMATION; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; ACID METABOLISM; LEAVES; STRESS; RESPONSES; RUBISCO; PLANTS AB Soybean (Glycine max [Merr.] L.) was grown in indoor chambers with ambient (38 Pa) and elevated (70 Pa) CO2 and day/night temperature treatments of 28/20, 32/24 and 36/28 A degrees C. We hypothesized that CO2 enrichment would mitigate the deleterious effects of elevated growth temperatures on metabolites in soybean leaflets. Net CO2 assimilation rates increased incrementally with growth temperature and were enhanced up to 24 % on average by CO2 enrichment. Stomatal conductance about doubled from the lowest to highest temperature but this was partially reversed by CO2 enrichment. Metabolites were measured thrice daily and 19 and 28 of 43 total leaf metabolites were altered by the 32/24 and 36/28 A degrees C temperature treatments, respectively, in both CO2 treatments. Polyols, raffinose and GABA increased and 23 nonstructural carbohydrates, organic acids and amino acids decreased when the temperature was increased from 28 to 36 A degrees C under ambient CO2. Citrate, aconitate and 2-oxoglutarate decreased over 90 % in the 36/28 A degrees C compared to the 28/20 A degrees C temperature treatment. Temperature-dependent changes of sugars, organic acids and all but three amino acids were almost completely eliminated by CO2 enrichment. The above findings suggested that specific TCA cycle intermediates were highly depleted by heat stress under ambient CO2. Mitigating effects of CO2 enrichment on soybean leaflet metabolites were attributed to altered rates of photosynthesis, photorespiration, dark respiration, the anaplerotic pathway and to possible changes of gene expression. C1 ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sicher, R (reprint author), ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, BARC West, Room 342,Bldg 001,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM richard.sicher@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 74 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD AUG PY 2013 VL 238 IS 2 BP 369 EP 380 DI 10.1007/s00425-013-1899-8 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 189IG UT WOS:000322260100013 PM 23716183 ER PT J AU Oh, J Bowling, JJ Zou, YK Chittiboyina, AG Doerksen, RJ Ferreira, D Leininger, TD Hamann, MT AF Oh, Joonseok Bowling, John J. Zou, Yike Chittiboyina, Amar G. Doerksen, Robert J. Ferreira, Daneel Leininger, Theodor D. Hamann, Mark T. TI Configurational assignments of conformationally restricted bis-monoterpene hydroquinones: Utility in exploration of endangered plants SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS LA English DT Article DE Configuration determination; Ab initio calculation; Conformation analysis; Natural product; NMR/CD spectroscopy; Endangered species ID ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; EXTRACTS; FRUITS AB Background: Endangered plant species are an important resource for new chemistry. Lindera melissifolia is native to the Southeastern U.S. and scarcely populates the edges of lakes and ponds. Quantum mechanics (QM) used in combination with NMR/ECD is a powerful tool for the assignment of absolute configuration in lieu of X-ray crystallography. Methods: The EtOAc extract of L. melissifolia was subject to chromatographic analysis by VLC and HPLC. Spin-spin coupling constant (SSCC) were calculated using DFT at the MPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) level for all staggered rotamers. ECD calculations employed Amber* force fields followed by PM6 semi-empirical optimizations. Hetero- and homo-nuclear coupling constants were extracted from 1D H-1, E.COSY and HETLOC experiments. Results: Two meroterpenoids, melissifolianes A (1) and B (2) were purified and their 2-D structures elucidated using NMR and HRESIMS. The relative configuration of 1 was established using the combination of NOE-based distance restraints and the comparisons of experimental and calculated SSCCs. The comparison of calculated and experimental ECD assigned the absolute configuration of 1. The relative configuration of a racemic mixture, melissifoliane B (2) was established utilizing J-based analysis combined with QM and NMR techniques.Conclusion Our study of the Lindera melissifolia metabolome exemplifies how new chemistry remains undiscovered among the numerous endangered plant species and demonstrates how analysis by ECD and NMR combined with various QM calculations is a sensible approach to support the stereochemical assignment of molecules with conformationally restricted conformations. General significance: QM NMR/ECD combined approaches are of utility for unambiguous assignment of 3-D structures, especially with limited plant material and when a molecule is conformationally restricted. Conservation of an endangered plant species can be supported through identification of its new chemistry and utilization of that chemistry for commercial purposes. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Oh, Joonseok; Bowling, John J.; Zou, Yike; Ferreira, Daneel; Hamann, Mark T.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. [Oh, Joonseok; Bowling, John J.; Zou, Yike; Doerksen, Robert J.; Ferreira, Daneel; Hamann, Mark T.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, University, MS 38677 USA. [Chittiboyina, Amar G.] Univ Mississippi, Thad Cochran Res Ctr, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Doerksen, Robert J.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. [Leininger, Theodor D.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Hamann, MT (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. EM mthamann@olemiss.edu FU NIH National Center for Research Resources [C06 RR-14503-01]; National Center For Complementary & Alternative Medicine of the National Institutes of Health [R01AT007318] FX We would like to recognize Mr. M. Brown (Bruker BioSpin) and Mr. W. Yoshida (The University of Hawaii) for NMR application expertise and the Mississippi Center for Supercomputing Research for supercomputer access. This investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from research facilities improvement program C06 RR-14503-01 from the NIH National Center for Research Resources. Research reported in this publication was also supported by the National Center For Complementary & Alternative Medicine of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AT007318. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4165 J9 BBA-GEN SUBJECTS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gen. Subj. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 1830 IS 8 BP 4229 EP 4234 DI 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.04.029 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 171AF UT WOS:000320896100023 PM 23628705 ER PT J AU Chandler, RB King, DI Raudales, R Trubey, R Chandler, C Chavez, VJA AF Chandler, Richard B. King, David I. Raudales, Raul Trubey, Richard Chandler, Carlin Chavez, Victor Julio Arce TI A Small-Scale Land-Sparing Approach to Conserving Biological Diversity in Tropical Agricultural Landscapes SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agricultural intensification; agroforestry; integrated open canopy coffee; land sharing; land sparing; shade coffee ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; COFFEE PRODUCTION; SHADE COFFEE; FOREST; MEXICO; BIRDS; CERTIFICATION; COUNTRYSIDE; SYSTEMS; IMPACT AB Two contrasting strategies have been proposed for conserving biological diversity while meeting the increasing demand for agricultural products: land sparing and land sharing production systems. Land sparing involves increasing yield to reduce the amount of land needed for agriculture, whereas land-sharing agricultural practices incorporate elements of native ecosystems into the production system itself. Although the conservation value of these systems has been extensively debated, empirical studies are lacking. We compared bird communities in shade coffee, a widely practiced land-sharing system in which shade trees are maintained within the coffee plantation, with bird communities in a novel, small-scale, land-sparing coffee-production system (integrated open canopy or IOC coffee) in which farmers obtain higher yields under little or no shade while conserving an area of forest equal to the area under cultivation. Species richness and diversity of forest-dependent birds were higher in the IOC coffee farms than in the shade coffee farms, and community composition was more similar between IOC coffee and primary forest than between shade coffee and primary forest. Our study represents the first empirical comparison of well-defined land sparing and land sharing production systems. Because IOC coffee farms can be established by allowing forest to regenerate on degraded land, widespread adoption of this system could lead to substantial increases in forest cover and carbon sequestration without compromising agricultural yield or threatening the livelihoods of traditional small farmers. However, we studied small farms (<5 ha); thus, our results may not generalize to large-scale land-sharing systems. Furthermore, rather than concluding that land sparing is generally superior to land sharing, we suggest that the optimal approach depends on the crop, local climate, and existing land-use patterns. C1 [Chandler, Richard B.; Chandler, Carlin] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [King, David I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Raudales, Raul; Trubey, Richard; Chavez, Victor Julio Arce] Univ Massachusetts, Mesoamer Dev Inst, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Chandler, RB (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM rchandler@usgs.gov RI Chandler, Richard/D-8831-2014; Chandler, Richard/F-9702-2016 FU Migratory Bird Conservation Act grant; U.S. Forest Service's International Programs FX We thank A. Morales and other members of the Cooperativa Montes de Oro for their assistance with site selection, accommodations, and travel. Many farmers in the study area graciously permitted us to work on their property. The Trejos, Gonzalez, Marin, Salas, Zunega, Fonseca, and Salas families were especially generous. S. Beaudreault, C. Orlando-Delgado, M. Gonzalez, J. Aguero, J. Wolfe, N. Hazlet, A. Anderson, J. Wells, and J. Ritterson were excellent field assistants. C. Griffin, P. Houlihan, and J. Rappole provided valuable input. J. Guevara of the Costa Rican Ministry of Environment and Energy provided necessary permits. Funding came from a Migratory Bird Conservation Act grant and from the U.S. Forest Service's International Programs. NR 44 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 12 U2 192 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 785 EP 795 DI 10.1111/cobi.12046 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 185PB UT WOS:000321980800016 PM 23551570 ER PT J AU Asah, ST Blahna, DJ AF Asah, Stanley T. Blahna, Dale J. TI Practical Implications of Understanding the Influence of Motivations on Commitment to Voluntary Urban Conservation Stewardship SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE conservation psychology; homophilia; stewardship motivations; volunteer retention ID ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT; MILLENNIUM ASSESSMENT; NORMATIVE COMMITMENT; EMPIRICAL-ASSESSMENT; FUNCTIONAL-APPROACH; ANTECEDENTS; CONTINUANCE; PSYCHOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; CONSEQUENCES AB Although the word commitment is prevalent in conservation biology literature and despite the importance of people's commitment to the success of conservation initiatives, commitment as a psychological phenomenon and its operation in specific conservation behaviors remains unexplored. Despite increasing calls for conservation psychology to play a greater role in meeting conservation goals, applications of the psychological sciences to specific conservation behaviors, illustrating their utility to conservation practice, are rare. We examined conservation volunteers' motivations and commitment to urban conservation volunteering. We interviewed key informant volunteers and used interview findings to develop psychometric scales that we used to assess motivations and commitment to volunteer. We surveyed 322 urban conservation volunteers and used factor analysis to reveal how volunteers structure their motivations and commitment to volunteer for urban conservation activities. Six categories of motivations and 2 categories of commitment emerged from factor analysis. Volunteers were motivated by desires to help the environment, defend and enhance the ego, career and learning opportunities, escape and exercise, social interactions, and community building. Two forms of commitment, affective and normative commitment, psychologically bind people to urban conservation volunteerism. We used linear-regression models to examine how these categories of motivations influence volunteers' commitment to conservation volunteerism. Volunteers' tendency to continue to volunteer for urban conservation, even in the face of fluctuating counter urges, was motivated by personal, social, and community functions more than environmental motivations. The environment, otherwise marginally important, was a significant motivator of volunteers' commitment only when volunteering met volunteers' personal, social, and community-building goals. Attention to these personal, social, and community-building motivations may help enhance volunteers' commitment to conservation stewardship and address the pressing challenge of retaining urban conservation volunteers. C1 [Asah, Stanley T.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Blahna, Dale J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Asah, ST (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM stasah@uw.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station FX We are grateful to the volunteers who additionally volunteered to participate in this study. We thank S. Davis and D. French for assisting with participant recruitment. We are grateful to the editors, 3 anonymous reviewers, and C. Singer for their insightful contributions to this manuscript. This study was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 62 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 866 EP 875 DI 10.1111/cobi.12058 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 185PB UT WOS:000321980800023 PM 23656329 ER PT J AU Domingue, MJ Imrei, Z Lelito, JP Muskovits, J Janik, G Csoka, G Mastro, VC Baker, TC AF Domingue, Michael J. Imrei, Zoltan Lelito, Jonathan P. Muskovits, Jozsef Janik, Gergely Csoka, Gyoergy Mastro, Victor C. Baker, Thomas C. TI Trapping of European buprestid beetles in oak forests using visual and olfactory cues SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE invasive species; Agrilus; forest pest; Coleoptera; Buprestidae; Quercus; Fagaceae; Elateridae; decoy ID EMERALD ASH BORER; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; SEX-PHEROMONE COMPONENT; MATING-BEHAVIOR; CHESTNUT BORER; UNITED-STATES; CHEMICAL CUES; STICKY TRAPS; QUERCUS SPP.; ATTRACTION AB Trapping approaches developed for the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), were adapted for trapping several European oak buprestid species. These approaches included the use of natural leaf surfaces as well as green and purple plastic in sticky trap designs. Plastic surfaces were incorporated into novel branch-trap' designs that each presented two 5x9-cm(2) rectangular surfaces on a cardboard structure wrapped around the leaves of a branch. We used visual adult Agrilus decoys in an attempt to evoke male mating approaches toward the traps. Our first experiment compared the attractiveness of visual characteristics of the surfaces of branch-traps. The second looked at the effect on trap captures of adding semiochemical lures, including manuka oil, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, and (Z)-9-tricosene. In total, 1962 buprestid specimens including 14 species from the genus Agrilus were caught on 178 traps in a 22-day time-span. Overall, the green plastic-covered branch-traps significantly out-performed the other trap designs. We further found that the presence of an EAB visual decoy placed on the trap surface often increased captures on these green traps, but this effect was stronger for certain Agrilus species than for others. The visual decoy was particularly important for the most serious pest detected, Agrilus biguttatus Fabricius, which was captured 13 times on traps with decoys, but only once without a decoy. There were some small but significant effects of odor treatment on the capture of buprestids of two common species, Agrilus angustulus Illiger and Agrilus sulcicollis Lacordaire. There were also 141 Elateridae specimens on these traps, which were not influenced by trap type or decoys. The results suggest that small branch-traps of this nature can provide a useful new tool for monitoring of buprestids, which have the potential to be further optimized with respect to visual and olfactory cues. C1 [Domingue, Michael J.; Baker, Thomas C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Imrei, Zoltan] Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Plant Protect, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. [Janik, Gergely; Csoka, Gyoergy] Forest Res Inst, Dept Forest Protect, H-3232 Matrafured, Hungary. [Mastro, Victor C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. RP Domingue, MJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Chem Ecol Lab 119, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mjd29@psu.edu FU USDA-APHIS; Hungarian Forest Research Institute [TAMOP-42.2A-11/1/KONV] FX Funding was provided by the USDA-APHIS program supporting the Development of Detection Tools for Exotic Buprestid Beetles. Miklos Toth of the Hungarian Academy of Science also helped to facilitate travel arrangements and contributed to discussions about the research. The Hungarian Forest Research Institute aided in the location of field sites (grant TAMOP-42.2A-11/1/KONV). Bettina Pasztor of Corvinus University and Levente Szocs of the Hungarian Forestry Research Institute provided assistance with trap collection. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 59 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 148 IS 2 BP 116 EP 129 DI 10.1111/eea.12083 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 185LM UT WOS:000321969300002 ER PT J AU Brent, CS Klok, CJ Naranjo, SE AF Brent, Colin S. Klok, C. Jaco Naranjo, Steven E. TI Effect of diapause status and gender on activity, metabolism, and starvation resistance in the plant bug Lygus hesperus SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE flight activity; lipid stores; western tarnished plant bug; CO2 production; mortality; Hemiptera; Miridae ID KNIGHT HEMIPTERA-MIRIDAE; INSECT DIAPAUSE; TEMPERATURE; ENERGY; DIET AB Lygus hesperus Knight (Hemiptera: Miridae), a key pest species distributed throughout the western USA, survives winter in a state of diapause. A laboratory population was examined to elucidate the changes in behavior and physiology linked to this period of dormancy and to determine how these changes are affected by gender. It was found that under starvation conditions, diapausers lived significantly longer compared to non-diapausers in both genders. This may be attributable to the greater lipid reserves that diapausers have compared to non-diapausers. Diapausers also spent more time at rest and less time feeding than non-diapausers. Gender did not impact these behaviors. There was no difference in resting metabolic rate or flight activity between diapausers and non-diapausers, however, there were significant gender differences when the data were pooled. Males had higher resting metabolisms than females, whereas females spent more time flying. Collectively, these results point toward a higher degree of resource conservation in diapausers. These differences may enhance resistance to starvation and dehydration conditions that L.hesperus are likely to encounter while overwintering. C1 [Brent, Colin S.; Naranjo, Steven E.] USDA ARS, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Klok, C. Jaco] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Brent, CS (reprint author), USDA ARS, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM colin.brent@ars.usda.gov OI Brent, Colin/0000-0003-2078-1417 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 148 IS 2 BP 152 EP 160 DI 10.1111/eea.12081 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 185LM UT WOS:000321969300005 ER PT J AU Holloway, BA Tarver, MR Rinderer, TE AF Holloway, Beth A. Tarver, Matthew R. Rinderer, Thomas E. TI An economical and effective high-throughput DNA extraction protocol for molecular marker analysis in honeybees SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE pis mellifera; Hymenoptera; purification; nucleic acid ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GENOMIC-DNA; IDENTIFICATION; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR; CHELEX; SIZE; BEES C1 [Holloway, Beth A.; Tarver, Matthew R.; Rinderer, Thomas E.] USDA, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab Mol Bi, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Holloway, BA (reprint author), USDA, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab Mol Bi, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM beth.holloway@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 148 IS 2 BP 196 EP 200 DI 10.1111/eea.12090 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 185LM UT WOS:000321969300010 ER PT J AU Goodman, CL Stanley, D AF Goodman, Cynthia L. Stanley, David TI Prostaglandins Modify Phosphorylation of Specific Proteins in the Insect Cell Line BCIRL-HzAM1 SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goodman, Cynthia L.; Stanley, David] ARS, USDA, BCIRL, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM Cindy.Goodman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 7 BP 562 EP 563 PG 2 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 184RU UT WOS:000321912000021 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B Harris, SS Palermo, NJ Ceglia, L Rasmussen, H AF Dawson-Hughes, Bess Harris, Susan S. Palermo, Nancy J. Ceglia, Lisa Rasmussen, Helen TI Meal conditions affect the absorption of supplemental vitamin D-3 but not the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D response to supplementation SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE VITAMIN D-3; 25(OH)D; ABSORPTION; MEAL CONDITIONS; DIETARY FAT ID D-BINDING PROTEIN; INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; SERUM-LEVELS; OMEPRAZOLE; SECRETION; HUMANS; PH AB It is sometimes assumed that dietary fat is required for vitamin D absorption, although the impact of different amounts of dietary fat on vitamin D absorption is not established. This study was conducted to determine whether the presence of a meal and the fat content of the meal influences vitamin D absorption or the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] response to supplemental vitamin D-3. Based on earlier studies in rats we postulated that absorption would be greatest in the low-fat meal group. Sixty-two healthy older men and women were randomly assigned to one of three meal groups: no meal, high-fat meal, or low-fat meal; each was given a monthly 50,000 IU vitamin D-3 supplement with the test breakfast meal (or after a fast for the no-meal group) and followed for 90 days. Plasma vitamin D-3 was measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) before and 12 hours after the first dose; plasma 25(OH) D was measured by radioimmunoassay at baseline and after 30 and 90 days. The mean 12-hour increments in vitamin D-3, after adjusting for age and sex, were 200.9 nmol/L in the no-meal group, 207.4 nmol/L in the high-fat meal group, and 241.1 nmol/L in the low-fat meal group (p = 0.038), with the increase in the low-fat group being significantly greater than the increases in the other two groups. However, increments in 25(OH)D levels at 30 and 90 days did not differ significantly in the three groups. We conclude that absorption was increased when a 50,000 IU dose of vitamin D was taken with a low-fat meal, compared with a high-fat meal and no meal, but that the greater absorption did not result in higher plasma 25(OH)D levels in the low-fat meal group. (C) 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Harris, Susan S.; Palermo, Nancy J.; Ceglia, Lisa; Rasmussen, Helen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ceglia, Lisa] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Bess.dawson-hughes@tufts.edu FU Investigator Initiated Research grant from Pfizer Inc (IIR) [WS877392] FX This study was funded by an Investigator Initiated Research grant from Pfizer Inc (IIR Grant No. WS877392). We are indebted to the study participants and to the staff of the Metabolic Research Unit at the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University for their dedication and commitment. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1778 EP 1783 DI 10.1002/jbmr.1896 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 185EU UT WOS:000321949200011 PM 23427007 ER PT J AU Susta, L Cornax, I Diel, DG Garcia, SC Miller, PJ Liu, XF Hu, SL Brown, CC Afonso, CL AF Susta, Leonardo Cornax, Ingrid Diel, Diego G. Garcia, Stivalis Cardenas Miller, Patti J. Liu, Xiufan Hu, Shunlin Brown, Corrie C. Afonso, Claudio L. TI Expression of interferon gamma by a highly virulent strain of Newcastle disease virus decreases its pathogenicity in chickens SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease virus; Chicken IFN-gamma; Pathogenesis; Immunopathogenesis; Cytokine storm; Reverse genetics ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; VIRAL REPLICATION; CYTOKINE GENES; PATHOGENESIS; RESPONSES; IMMUNOGENICITY AB The role of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) expression during Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in chickens is unknown. Infection of chickens with highly virulent NDV results in rapid death, which is preceded by increased expression of IFN-y in target tissues. IFN-gamma is a cytokine that has pleiotropic biological effects including intrinsic antiviral activity and immunomodulatory effects that may increase morbidity and mortality during infections. To better understand how IFN-gamma contributes to NDV pathogenesis, the coding sequence of the chicken IFN-y gene was inserted in the genome of the virulent NDV strain ZJ1 (rZJ1-IFN gamma), and the effects of high levels of IFN-gamma expression during infection were determined in vivo and in vitro. IFN-gamma expression did not significantly affect NDV replication in fibroblast or in macrophage cell lines. However, it affected the pathogenesis of rZJ1-IFN gamma in vivo. Relative to the virus expressing the green fluorescent protein (rZJ1-GFP) or lacking the IFN-gamma insert (rZJ1-rev), expression of IFN-y by rZJ1-IFN gamma produced a marked decrease of pathogenicity in 4-week-old chickens, as evidenced by lack of mortality, decreased disease severity, virus shedding, and antigen distribution. These results suggest that early expression of IFN-gamma had a significant protective role against the effects of highly virulent NDV infection in chickens, and further suggests that the level and timing of expression of this cytokine may be critical for the disease outcome. This is the first description of an in vivo attenuation of a highly virulent NDV by avian cytokines, and shows the feasibility to use NDV for cytokine delivery in chicken organs. This approach may facilitate the study of the role of other avian cytokines on the pathogenesis of NDV. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Susta, Leonardo; Cornax, Ingrid; Diel, Diego G.; Garcia, Stivalis Cardenas; Miller, Patti J.; Afonso, Claudio L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hu, Shunlin] Univ Georgia, Dept Vet Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Liu, Xiufan; Hu, Shunlin] Yangzhou Univ, Sch Vet Med, Anim Infect Dis Lab, Yangzhou, Peoples R China. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Claudio.Afonso@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [6612-32000-064-00D] FX We wish to thank Dawn Williams-Coplin, Tim Olivier, Jian Zhang for technical assistance, and the SEPRL sequencing facility personnel for nucleotide sequencing. This work was supported by USDA funding CRIS#6612-32000-064-00D. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD AUG-SEP PY 2013 VL 61-62 BP 73 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2013.05.009 PG 11 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 184IK UT WOS:000321883100013 PM 23711962 ER PT J AU Gunes, E Gubbuk, H Ayala-Silva, T Gozlekci, S Ercisli, S AF Gunes, Esma Gubbuk, Hamide Ayala-Silva, Tomas Gozlekci, Sadiye Ercisli, Sezai TI EFFECTS OF VARIOUS TREATMENTS ON SEED GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF CAROB (CERATONIA SILIQUA L.) SO PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID DORMANCY BREAKING; BEHAVIOR AB In this study, Ceratonia siliqua L. carob seeds harvested from both wild and cultivated genotypes in Turkey were subjected to mechanical scarification, soaking in hot water and dipping in sulfuric acid. All treatments hastened seed germination and seedling growth of carob compared to control. The germination percentage of control seeds were similar for both wild and cultivated genotypes (13%) and it was increased up to 95% and 93% in wild and cultivated genotypes, respectively, following sulfuric acid treatment. Seed germination percentage of wild and cultivated carobs was similar in all treatments indicating that domestication does not appear to have influenced germination behavior in both genotype. C1 [Gunes, Esma; Gubbuk, Hamide; Gozlekci, Sadiye] Akdeniz Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey. [Ayala-Silva, Tomas] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Natl Germplasm Repository Syst, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Ercisli, Sezai] Ataturk Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-25240 Erzurum, Turkey. RP Gubbuk, H (reprint author), Akdeniz Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey. EM gubbuk@akdeniz.edu.tr FU Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Akdeniz University FX This paper was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Akdeniz University. The authors thank to Dr. Uri Lavi, Volcani Center (Israel), for their critical review of this manuscript. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU PAKISTAN BOTANICAL SOC PI KARACHI PA DEPT OF BOTANY UNIV KARACHI, 32 KARACHI, PAKISTAN SN 0556-3321 J9 PAK J BOT JI Pak. J. Bot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1173 EP 1177 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 182JB UT WOS:000321736700007 ER PT J AU Zhang, LX Zhou, J Zhao, YG Zhai, YY Wang, K Alva, AK Paramasivam, S AF Zhang, Lixin Zhou, Jun Zhao, Yong Gui Zhai, Youya Wang, Kai Alva, Ashok K. Paramasivam, Sivapatham TI OPTIMAL COMBINATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOUND FERTILIZER AND HUMIC ACID TO IMPROVE SOIL AND LEAF PROPERTIES, YIELD AND QUALITY OF APPLE (MALUS DOMESTICA) IN THE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA SO PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; ZEOLITE; PLANTS AB A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different application rates of chemical compound fertilizer (CF) (control, CF0; low, CF1; medium, CF1.5 and high, CF2 rates) without or with humic acid (no HA, HA0; with HA, HA) on soil chemical properties, growth of apple trees and their fruit yield and quality. With the increasing rates of CF, soil available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents increased regardless of HA treatment. The soil organic matter (OM) content increased with the addition of HA. Most of the tree response parameters i.e. leaf N, P, K concentration, one-year-old shoot length, thickness and weight of 100 leaves, leaf chlorophyll index, fruit firmness, soluble solid and sugar, titratable acidity, and vitamin C contents, increased with increasing CF rates. Generally, the values of all these parameters as well as fruit yield peaked at CF1.5 and CF2 rates without and with HA, respectively. Addition of HA to CF increased the fruit yield by 12-35%. The results of this study demonstrated beneficial effects of HA addition to CF to improve soil properties, growth of apple trees, and finally fruit yield and quality. The CF combined with HA may be considered as a moderate and economical model of fertilizer regime for apple orchard in the Loess Plateau of China. C1 [Zhang, Lixin; Zhou, Jun; Zhao, Yong Gui] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Alva, Ashok K.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Paramasivam, Sivapatham] Savannah State Univ, Dept Engn Technol & Math, Savannah, GA USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM zhanglixin@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303104]; West Light Foundation of CAS [2060299-14]; Program for Agricultural Sci-Tech Innovation of Shaanxi Province [2011NXC01-18]; Environment Protection Program [2012-47]; Sci-tech Co-ordinating Innovative Engineering Projects of Shaanxi Province [(2011KTZB02-02-05)t]; Agriculture Ministry of China, through National Apple Industry Technology 225 System [CARS-28] FX This work was supported by Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303104) and West Light Foundation of CAS (2060299-14), Program for Agricultural Sci-Tech Innovation of Shaanxi Province (2011NXC01-18), Environment Protection Program (2012-47), Sci-tech Co-ordinating Innovative Engineering Projects of Shaanxi Province (2011KTZB02-02-05)t and the Agriculture Ministry of China, through National Apple Industry Technology 225 System (CARS-28). NR 25 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 22 PU PAKISTAN BOTANICAL SOC PI KARACHI PA DEPT OF BOTANY UNIV KARACHI, 32 KARACHI, PAKISTAN SN 0556-3321 EI 2070-3368 J9 PAK J BOT JI Pak. J. Bot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1315 EP 1320 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 182JB UT WOS:000321736700028 ER PT J AU Rai, HS Mock, KE Richardson, BA Cronn, RC Hayden, KJ Wright, JW Knaus, BJ Wolf, PG AF Rai, Hardeep S. Mock, Karen E. Richardson, Bryce A. Cronn, Richard C. Hayden, Katherine J. Wright, Jessica W. Knaus, Brian J. Wolf, Paul G. TI Transcriptome characterization and detection of gene expression differences in aspen (Populus tremuloides) SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Trembling aspen; Quaking aspen; RNA-Seq; Differential expression; SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism); Populus trichocarpa ID RNA-SEQ; SNP DISCOVERY; DROSOPHILA-MOJAVENSIS; BLACK COTTONWOOD; TREMBLING ASPEN; QUAKING ASPEN; GENOME; SALICACEAE; TRICHOCARPA; SEQUENCES AB Aspen (Populus tremuloides) is a temperate North American tree species with a geographical distribution more extensive than any other tree species on the continent. Because it is economically important for pulp and paper industries and ecologically important for its role as a foundation species in forest ecosystems, the decline of aspen in large portions of its range is of serious concern. The availability and annotation of the black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) genome enables a range of high throughput sequencing approaches that can be used to understand rangewide patterns of genetic variation, adaptation, and responses to environmental challenges in other Populus species, including aspen. Gene expression studies are particularly useful for understanding the molecular basis of ecological responses, but are limited by the availability of transcriptome data. We explored the aspen transcriptome through the use of high-throughput sequencing with two main goals: (1) characterization of the expressed portion of the P. tremuloides genome in leaves and (2) assessment of variation in gene expression among genets collected from distinct latitudes but reared in a common garden. We also report a large single nucleotide polymorphism dataset that provides the groundwork for future studies of aspen evolution and ecology, and we identify a set of differentially expressed genes across individuals and population boundaries for the leaf transcriptome of P. tremuloides. C1 [Rai, Hardeep S.; Mock, Karen E.; Wolf, Paul G.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Rai, Hardeep S.; Mock, Karen E.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Richardson, Bryce A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Cronn, Richard C.; Knaus, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hayden, Katherine J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wright, Jessica W.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Wolf, Paul G.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wolf, PG (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM paul.wolf@usu.edu RI Mock , Karen/C-1418-2011; Wolf, Paul/F-7664-2010; OI Wolf, Paul/0000-0002-4317-6976; Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU USDA Forest Service Western Forest Transcriptome Survey; National Fire Plan [2012-NFP-GSD-1] FX Thanks to Tim Benedict, Mary Lou Fairweather, and E. Pfalzer for sample collections. Thanks to Tara Jennings for laboratory assistance and Chris Sullivan for biocomputing assistance. This research was funded by the USDA Forest Service Western Forest Transcriptome Survey and National Fire Plan (2012-NFP-GSD-1). NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 38 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD AUG PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 1031 EP 1041 DI 10.1007/s11295-013-0615-y PG 11 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 183YR UT WOS:000321853700011 ER PT J AU Shen, LR Xiao, F Yuan, P Chen, Y Gao, QK Parnell, LD Meydani, M Ordovas, JM Li, D Lai, CQ AF Shen, Li-Rong Xiao, Fa Yuan, Peng Chen, Ying Gao, Qi-Kang Parnell, Laurence D. Meydani, Mohsen Ordovas, Jose M. Li, Duo Lai, Chao-Qiang TI Curcumin-supplemented diets increase superoxide dismutase activity and mean lifespan in Drosophila SO AGE LA English DT Article DE Curcumin; Lifespan; MDA; SOD; Age-related genes ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FREE-RADICALS; CANCER; ANTIOXIDANTS; INHIBITION; DAMAGE; RAT; MELANOGASTER; DISEASE AB Curcumin is a polyphenolic bioactive compound in turmeric. We examined if antioxidant effects of curcumin are associated with lifespan extension in Drosophila. In this experiment, females and males of Drosophila were fed diets either containing no curcumin (C0) or supplemented with curcumin at 0.5 (C1) and 1.0 (C2) mg/g of diet. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and expression of seven age-related genes in females and males were analyzed. We found that C1 and C2 increased mean lifespan by 6.2 % and 25.8 % in females, and by 15.5 % and 12.6 % in males, respectively. Meanwhile, C1 and C2 significantly decreased MDA levels and increased SOD activity in both genders. Diets C1 in females and C2 in males are effective in extending mean lifespan and improving levels of two physiological and biochemical measures related to aging in Drosophila. Lifespan extension of curcumin in Drosophila was associated with the up-regulation of Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD genes, and the down-regulation of dInR, ATTD, Def, CecB, and DptB genes. The present results suggest that curcumin increases mean lifespan of Drosophila via regulating gene expression of the key enzyme SOD and reducing accumulation of MDA and lipid peroxidation. This study provided new insights for understanding the anti-aging mechanism of curcumin in Drosophila. C1 [Shen, Li-Rong; Xiao, Fa; Yuan, Peng; Chen, Ying; Gao, Qi-Kang; Li, Duo] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Shen, Li-Rong; Parnell, Laurence D.; Ordovas, Jose M.; Lai, Chao-Qiang] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, Mohsen] Tufts Univ, Vasc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lai, CQ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM shenlirong@zju.edu.cn; 289077960@qq.com; adyuanpeng@163.com; wlmengya@yahoo.com.cn; qkgao@zju.edu.cn; Laurence.Parnell@ars.usda.gov; Mohsen.meydani@tufts.edu; jose.ordovas@tufts.edu; duoli@zju.edu.cn; chaoqiang.lai@ars.usda.gov FU applied research of public beneficial technology of Zhejiang [2011C32G2010070]; project scientific & technical development of Hangzhou [2011C22039]; 111 Project, China [B06014]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service [1950-51520-012-00D]; USDA-ARS/Tufts University [58-1950-7-707] FX Project (No.2011C32G2010070) supported by the applied research of public beneficial technology of Zhejiang, and project (No.2011C22039) scientific & technical development of Hangzhou, and by the 111 Project (B06014), China, and by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service (1950-51520-012-00D) and USDA-ARS/Tufts University contract #58-1950-7-707. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD AUG PY 2013 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1133 EP 1142 DI 10.1007/s11357-012-9438-2 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 179UQ UT WOS:000321547300009 PM 22653297 ER PT J AU Mayfield, AE MacKenzie, M Cannon, PG Oak, SW Horn, S Hwang, J Kendra, PE AF Mayfield, Albert E., III MacKenzie, Martin Cannon, Philip G. Oak, Steven W. Horn, Scott Hwang, Jaesoon Kendra, Paul E. TI Suitability of California bay laurel and other species as hosts for the non-native redbay ambrosia beetle and granulate ambrosia beetle SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Attraction; Curculionidae; invasive species; Laurel wilt; Scolytinae; Umbellularia californica; wood borer; Xyleborus glabratus; Xylosandrus crassiusculus ID COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE SCOLYTINAE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; RAFFAELEA-LAURICOLA; XYLEBORUS-GLABRATUS; 1ST REPORT; WILT; FLORIDA; LAURACEAE; AVOCADO; PONDSPICE AB 1 The redbay ambrosia beetle Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff is a non-native vector of the pathogen that causes laurel wilt, a deadly disease of trees in the family Lauraceae in the southeastern U.S.A. 2 Concern exists that X. glabratus and its fungal symbiont could be transported to the western U.S.A. and cause damage to California bay laurel Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt. in California and Washington. 3 The present study evaluated in-flight attraction, attack density and emergence of X. glabratus and another invasive ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) on cut bolts of California bay laurel and eight related tree species in an infested forest in South Carolina. Xylosandrus crassiusculus is not a vector of the laurel wilt pathogen but is a pest of nursery and ornamental trees. 4 Mean catch of X. glabratus on California bay laurel bolts was not significantly different from catches on bolts of known X. glabratus hosts sassafras Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees and swampbay Persea palustris (Raf.) Sarg. Mean attack density and adult emergence of both beetle species from California bay laurel was equal to or greater than all other tree species tested. Both beetle species readily produced brood in California bay laurel bolts. 5 The results obtained in the present study suggest that California bay laurel may be negatively impacted by both of these invasive ambrosia beetles if they become established in the tree's native range. C1 [Mayfield, Albert E., III] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [MacKenzie, Martin] USDA Forest Serv, Stanislaus Natl Forest, Sonora, CA 95370 USA. [Cannon, Philip G.] USDA Forest Serv, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Oak, Steven W.] USDA Forest Serv, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Horn, Scott] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hwang, Jaesoon] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Kendra, Paul E.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Mayfield, AE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 200 WT Weaver Blvd, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. EM amayfield02@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Southern Region; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Pacific Southwest Region; Clemson University; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX The following individuals and agencies are sincerely thanked for technical their assistance with this study: William Sweeney, William Elliott, Tracy Roof, Brandon Potter, Henry McNab, James Hanula and Mike Cody (USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station); Ashley Hancock, Andy Tait and Dustin Neufeld (University of North Carolina Asheville); Christina Waldroup and Beverly Bulaon (USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection); David Rizzo and Kamyar Aram (University of California at Davis); and Russ Marshall, Bill Twomey and staff of the Witherbee Ranger Station (USDA Forest Service, Francis Marion National Forest). Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Southern and Pacific Southwest Regions; Clemson University; and USDA Agricultural Research Service. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 3 BP 227 EP 235 DI 10.1111/afe.12009 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 180FJ UT WOS:000321578700001 ER PT J AU Marshall, JM Miller, MA Lelito, JP Storer, AJ AF Marshall, Jordan M. Miller, Molly A. Lelito, Jonathan P. Storer, Andrew J. TI Latitudinal variation in body size of Agrilus planipennis and relationship with fecundity SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ash; emerald ash borer; forest; Fraxinus; invasive species ID EMERALD ASH BORER; COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; BERGMANNS RULE; NORTH-AMERICA; DISPERSAL; INVASION; TRAP; FAIRMAIRE; CONVERSE; PATTERNS AB 1 For many animals with a wide geographical range, latitude is important in determining body size. Additionally, insect body size often has a direct influence on fecundity. Identifying these relationships for a forest pest can add to population dynamics modelling. 2 Agrilus planipennis is a pest of North American Fraxinus species. 3 The relationship between A. planipennis body size and latitude was investigated through field trapping adult A. planipennis in eastern U.S.A., and the relationship between body size and fecundity was investigated through egg production of laboratory-reared A. planipennis adults. Accumulated growing degree days base 10 degrees C (GDD(10)) were calculated and used to identify the influence of local climate on A. planipennis body size. 4 Adult female A. planipennis body size (length and mass) was negatively related to latitude, with larger individuals at southerly sites where the number of days to accumulate 450 and 1000 GDD10 was the lowest. 5 Using positive linear models relating body size and eggs produced, females from southerly sites would potentially produce twice as many eggs as females from northerly sites. 6 Agrilus planipennis population latitudes influenced female body size. Because larger A. planipennis females produced more eggs, there is a potential for populations at southerly sites to increase in density and geography more rapidly than northerly populations. C1 [Marshall, Jordan M.; Miller, Molly A.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. [Storer, Andrew J.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Marshall, JM (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Biol, 2101 E Coliseum Blvd, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA. EM marshalj@ipfw.edu RI Marshall, Jordan/B-1934-2009 OI Marshall, Jordan/0000-0001-6024-3758 FU USDA APHIS PPQ FX The A. planipennis collection was carried out as part of a cooperative project funded by USDA APHIS PPQ. The authors would like to thank Melissa Porter and Kathryn Hietala for collecting A. planipennis adults. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 3 BP 294 EP 300 DI 10.1111/afe.12017 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 180FJ UT WOS:000321578700008 ER PT J AU Gragg, SE Loneragan, GH Nightingale, KK Brichta-Harhay, DM Ruiz, H Elder, JR Garcia, LG Miller, MF Echeverry, A Porras, RGR Brashears, MM AF Gragg, Sara E. Loneragan, Guy H. Nightingale, Kendra K. Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M. Ruiz, Henry Elder, Jacob R. Garcia, Lyda G. Miller, Markus F. Echeverry, Alejandro Ramirez Porras, Rosa G. Brashears, Mindy M. TI Substantial within-Animal Diversity of Salmonella Isolates from Lymph Nodes, Feces, and Hides of Cattle at Slaughter SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; BEEF PROCESSING PLANTS; IN-GROUND BEEF; UNITED-STATES; FEEDLOT CATTLE; HIGH-PLAINS; PREVALENCE; CARCASSES; ENTERICA; ESTABLISHMENTS AB Lymph nodes (mandibular, mesenteric, mediastinal, and subiliac; n = 68) and fecal (n = 68) and hide (n = 35) samples were collected from beef carcasses harvested in an abattoir in Mexico. Samples were analyzed for Salmonella, and presumptive colonies were subjected to latex agglutination. Of the isolates recovered, a subset of 91 was characterized by serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and antimicrobial susceptibility phenotyping. Salmonella was isolated from 100% (hide), 94.1% (feces), 91.2% (mesenteric), 76.5% (subiliac), 55.9% (mandibular), and 7.4% (mediastinal) of samples. From the 87 typeable isolates, eight Salmonella enterica serotypes, including Kentucky (32.2%), Anatum (29.9%), Reading (17.2%), Meleagridis (12.6%), Cerro (4.6%), Muenster (1.1%), Give (1.1%), and Mbandaka (1.1%), were identified. S. Meleagridis was more likely (P = 0.03) to be recovered from lymph nodes than from feces or hides, whereas S. Kentucky was more likely (P = 0.02) to be recovered from feces and hides than from lymph nodes. The majority (59.3%) of the Salmonella isolates were pansusceptible; however, multidrug resistance was observed in 13.2% of isolates. Typing by PFGE revealed that Salmonella strains generally clustered by serotype, but some serotypes (Anatum, Kentucky, Meleagridis, and Reading) were comprised of multiple PFGE subtypes. Indistinguishable PFGE subtypes and, therefore, serotypes were isolated from multiple sample types, and multiple PFGE subtypes were commonly observed within an animal. Given the overrepresentation of some serotypes within lymph nodes, we hypothesize that certain Salmonella strains may be better at entering the bovine host than other Salmonella strains or that some may be better adapted for survival within lymph nodes. Our data provide insight into the ecology of Salmonella within cohorts of cattle and offer direction for intervention opportunities. C1 [Gragg, Sara E.; Loneragan, Guy H.; Nightingale, Kendra K.; Ruiz, Henry; Elder, Jacob R.; Garcia, Lyda G.; Miller, Markus F.; Echeverry, Alejandro; Brashears, Mindy M.] Texas Tech Univ, Int Ctr Food Ind Excellence, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Ramirez Porras, Rosa G.] Univ Autonoma Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. RP Gragg, SE (reprint author), Kansas State Univ Olathe, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Coll Agr, Olathe, KS USA. EM saragragg@k-state.edu FU International Center for Food Industry Excellence at Texas Tech University; Beef Checkoff; USDA National Integrated Food Safety Initiative [2011-5111031081] FX This work was supported by the International Center for Food Industry Excellence at Texas Tech University, The Beef Checkoff, and USDA National Integrated Food Safety Initiative contract number 2011-5111031081. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 79 IS 15 BP 4744 EP 4750 DI 10.1128/AEM.01020-13 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 175TG UT WOS:000321255600026 PM 23793628 ER PT J AU Subramanyam, S Zheng, C Shukle, JT Williams, CE AF Subramanyam, Subhashree Zheng, Cheng Shukle, John T. Williams, Christie E. TI Hessian fly larval attack triggers elevated expression of disease resistance dirigent-like protein-encoding gene, HfrDrd, in resistant wheat SO ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Plant defense; Insect resistance; Lignin; Lignan; Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR); Gall midge ID MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR LARVAE; SPRUCE PICEA SPP.; CONIFER DEFENSE; DIPTERA-CECIDOMYIIDAE; VERTICILLIUM-DAHLIAE; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; VIRULENT; METABOLISM; LIGNANS; LECTIN AB Dirigent proteins regulate coupling of monolignol plant phenols to generate the cell wall polymers lignins and lignans that are involved in structural fortification and defense against pathogens and pests. In this study, we report the temporal expression of a putative Hessian fly-responsive disease resistance dirigent-like protein-encoding gene, HfrDrd, in wheat. HfrDrd transcript abundance was quantified under biotic stresses imposed by Hessian fly, bird cherry-oat aphid, barley and cereal yellow dwarf virus, fall army worm and silverleaf white fly, after mechanical wounding, as well as during treatment with signaling elicitors. Quantitative transcriptional analysis indicated increased abundance of HfrDrd mRNA in both susceptible and resistant wheat after Hessian fly attack. However, within 24 h, resistant wheat accumulated 2.5- to > 20-fold higher HfrDrd mRNA levels than the susceptible wheat. The increase in transcripts as early as 2 h after egg hatch suggested a role for HfrDrd in early defense against Hessian fly larvae. HfrDrd transcript abundance was not responsive to exogenous application of plant defense-signaling pathway molecules, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate or abscisic acid. Lack of HfrDrd response during other wheat-insect interactions or mechanical wounding indicated that HfrDrd is not a general stress-responsive gene, but is specific to the defense mechanisms responding to probing by Hessian fly larvae. C1 [Subramanyam, Subhashree] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zheng, Cheng] Novartis Pharmaceut, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA. [Shukle, John T.; Williams, Christie E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Williams, Christie E.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Williams, CE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM christie.williams@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-CRIS [3602-22000-016-D] FX This work was a joint contribution by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit and Purdue University. Research was supported by USDA-CRIS number 3602-22000-016-D. The authors wish to thank Jill Nemacheck (USDA-ARS) for plant growth and tissue collections, Sue Cambron (USDA-ARS) for maintaining Hessian fly stocks, and Alisha Johnson (USDA-ARS) for assistance with phylogenetic analysis. Mention of commercial or proprietary product does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for its use by the USDA. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1872-8855 J9 ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTE JI Arthropod-Plant Interact. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 389 EP 402 DI 10.1007/s11829-013-9253-4 PG 14 WC Ecology; Entomology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Entomology GA 176DR UT WOS:000321284200004 ER PT J AU Lee, ST Cook, D Molyneux, RJ Davis, TZ Gardner, DR AF Lee, Stephen T. Cook, Daniel Molyneux, Russell J. Davis, T. Zane Gardner, Dale R. TI Alkaloid profiles of Dermatophyllum arizonicum, Dermatophyllum gypsophilum, Dermatophyllum secundiflorum, Styphnolobium affine, and Styphnolobium japonicum previously classified as Sophora species SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dermatophyllum arizonicum; Dermatophyllum gypsophilum; Dermatophyllum secundiflorum; Styphnolobium affine; Styphnolobium japonicum; Quinolizidine alkaloids ID CROOKED CALF DISEASE; QUINOLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; LUPINUS-LEUCOPHYLLUS; LEGUMINOSAE; SERICEUS; FORMOSUS AB Sophora arizonica, Sophora gypsophila, Sophora secundiflora, Sophora affinis, and Sophora japonica were recently reclassified as Dermatophyllum arizonicum, Dermatophyllum gypsophilum, Dermatophyllum secundiflorum, Styphnolobium affine, and Styphnolobium japonicum, respectively. Some legumes of the sub family Papilionoideae including Sophora species are reported to contain a variety of quinolizidine alkaloids. The quinolizidine alkaloid profiles of D. arizonicum, D. gypsophilum, D. secundiflorum, S. affine, and S. japonicum were investigated qualitatively and quantitatively using field collections and herbarium specimens throughout their range of geographical distribution for the native species. This is the first report of the alkaloid profiles of D. arizonicum and D. gypsophilum. Alkaloid profiles of the other species were compared to previous reports. The Dermatophyllum species contain quinolizidine alkaloids, and the teratogen anagyrine (11), while the Styphnolobium species do not contain quinolizidine alkaloids. The chemotaxonomic data are consistent with the reclassification of each species. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Stephen T.; Cook, Daniel; Davis, T. Zane; Gardner, Dale R.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Molyneux, Russell J.] Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Lee, ST (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 EI 1873-2925 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2013.03.018 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 177XC UT WOS:000321407700015 ER PT J AU Shartell, LM Lilleskov, EA Storer, AJ AF Shartell, Lindsey M. Lilleskov, Erik A. Storer, Andrew J. TI Predicting exotic earthworm distribution in the northern Great Lakes region SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Distribution prediction; European earthworms; Great Lakes; Lumbricus terrestris; Spatial modeling ID HARDWOOD FORESTS; INVASION; TEMPERATE; REGRESSION; PATTERNS; SURVIVAL; AMERICA; USA AB Identifying influences of earthworm invasion and distribution in the northern Great Lakes is an important step in predicting the potential extent and impact of earthworms across the region. The occurrence of earthworm signs, indicating presence in general, and middens, indicating presence of Lumbricus terrestris exclusively, in the Huron Mountains located in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan were modeled using generalized linear models and stepwise regression to identify important environmental variables. Models were then applied to earthworm occurrence data from Seney National Wildlife Refuge, also located in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to validate results. Occurrence of earthworm signs was associated with high soil pH, high basal area of earthworm preferred overstory species, and north facing aspects. Middens of L. terrestris were associated with high soil pH, high basal area of preferred species, and close proximity to roads. The resulting model for L. terrestris was incorporated into a geographic information system (GIS) to map the expected distribution, both current and potential, across the study area. Results indicate that L. terrestris has not yet fully saturated its potential habitat, as it is currently found close to roads and has yet to establish in most interior forests sampled. Comparing field measured data to GIS layers revealed limitations in the precision of publicly available spatial data layers that should be addressed in future attempts to predict the extent of earthworm invasion across the larger Great Lakes region. However, within the Huron Mountains, it is predicted that the distribution of L. terrestris will cover, at minimum, 41 % of the area. C1 [Shartell, Lindsey M.; Storer, Andrew J.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Shartell, LM (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM lmsharte@mtu.edu; storer@mtu.edu; elilleskov@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station. The authors thank Kerry Woods and the Huron Mountain Wildlife Foundation for initial support of earthworm work in the Huron Mountains, and for access to field sites. The authors thank Karl Romanowicz and Lynette Potvin for field data collection, and Ann Maclean, Nancy Auer, and three anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1665 EP 1675 DI 10.1007/s10530-012-0399-2 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 175WM UT WOS:000321264300004 ER PT J AU Morin, L Gomez, DR Evans, KJ Neill, TM Mahaffee, WF Linde, CC AF Morin, Louise Gomez, Don R. Evans, Katherine J. Neill, Tara M. Mahaffee, Walt F. Linde, Celeste C. TI Invaded range of the blackberry pathogen Phragmidium violaceum in the Pacific Northwest of the USA and the search for its provenance SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Blackberry rust; Genetic diversity; Microsatellites; Rubus armeniacus; Rubus fruticosus aggregate; Rubus laciniatus ID EUROPEAN BLACKBERRY; POPULATION-GENETICS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; RUST; AUSTRALIA; INVASIONS; NUMBER; DOMESTICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EVOLUTION AB Field surveys in 2006 confirmed that the exotic rust fungus Phragmidium violaceum was widespread on Rubus armeniacus and Rubus laciniatus in the Pacific Northwest of the USA. The origin and dispersal pattern of this obligate biotrophic pathogen in the USA were investigated by comparing the genetic diversity and structure of 27 isolates each from the USA and Europe, and 20 isolates from Australia where an invasion occurred in 1984. Analysis of 11 microsatellite loci revealed 74 unique genotypes, with the European population having a significantly higher level of allelic diversity and number of private alleles compared to populations from the USA and Australia. Principal coordinate analysis (PCA), analysis of molecular variance and pairwise comparisons of I broken vertical bar confirmed a strong level of differentiation among continental populations, with little divergence between isolates from the USA and Europe, but a high level of differentiation between these isolates and those from Australia. These results were broadly supported by the Bayesian cluster analysis, which indicated that at K = 3 the clustering of the isolates corresponds to their geographic origin. Bayesian clustering, PCA as well as insignificant migration estimates from Europe to the USA suggest that the USA population is not a direct descendant from the European P. violaceum population. There was a weak association between genetic and geographic distance among the USA isolates, suggesting invasion was initially localized prior to dispersal or that the population may have been present for some time prior to first detection in 2005. C1 [Morin, Louise; Gomez, Don R.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Evans, Katherine J.] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr, Perennial Hort Ctr, New Town, Tas 7008, Australia. [Neill, Tara M.; Mahaffee, Walt F.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Mahaffee, Walt F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Linde, Celeste C.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Morin, L (reprint author), CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM louise.morin@csiro.au RI Morin, Louise/B-4822-2009; Evans, Katherine/C-3157-2008; Linde, Celeste/C-9306-2009 OI Linde, Celeste/0000-0002-8207-1202 FU Australian Government, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry; USDA ARS through the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research [58-5358-5-793]; USDA-ARSCRIS [5358-22000-034-00] FX We thank Mireille Jourdan (CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Montpellier) for providing the European isolates of P. violaceum used in the study, Patricia Wallace and Andrew Albrecht (USDA-ARS, Corvallis, Oregon) for assistance in collecting the USA isolates, and Diana Hartley (CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra) for helpful guidance and discussion. We also thank Dr Wee Tek Tay (CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra) and Dr Niklaus Grunwald (USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Unit Corvallis, OR), for comments on an earlier draft of the paper. Financial support from the Australian Government, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry and USDA ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-5358-5-793, which was awarded through the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, and USDA-ARSCRIS 5358-22000-034-00 is gratefully acknowledged. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1847 EP 1861 DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0413-3 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 175WM UT WOS:000321264300017 ER PT J AU Rizzoli, R Reginster, JY Arnal, JF Bautmans, I Beaudart, C Bischoff-Ferrari, H Biver, E Boonen, S Brandi, ML Chines, A Cooper, C Epstein, S Fielding, RA Goodpaster, B Kanis, JA Kaufman, JM Laslop, A Malafarina, V Manas, LR Mitlak, BH Oreffo, RO Petermans, J Reid, K Rolland, Y Sayer, AA Tsouderos, Y Visser, M Bruyere, O AF Rizzoli, Rene Reginster, Jean-Yves Arnal, Jean-Francois Bautmans, Ivan Beaudart, Charlotte Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike Biver, Emmanuel Boonen, Steven Brandi, Maria-Luisa Chines, Arkadi Cooper, Cyrus Epstein, Sol Fielding, Roger A. Goodpaster, Bret Kanis, John A. Kaufman, Jean-Marc Laslop, Andrea Malafarina, Vincenzo Rodriguez Manas, Leocadio Mitlak, Bruce H. Oreffo, Richard O. Petermans, Jean Reid, Kieran Rolland, Yves Sayer, Avan Aihie Tsouderos, Yannis Visser, Marjolein Bruyere, Olivier TI Quality of Life in Sarcopenia and Frailty SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE Age; Aging; Muscle weakness; Quality of life; Malnutrition ID LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE STRENGTH; OLDER-ADULTS; PHYSICAL FUNCTION; BODY-COMPOSITION; GRIP STRENGTH; ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE; SUBSEQUENT DISABILITY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN AB The reduced muscle mass and impaired muscle performance that define sarcopenia in older individuals are associated with increased risk of physical limitation and a variety of chronic diseases. They may also contribute to clinical frailty. A gradual erosion of quality of life (QoL) has been evidenced in these individuals, although much of this research has been done using generic QoL instruments, particularly the SF-36, which may not be ideal in older populations with significant comorbidities. This review and report of an expert meeting presents the current definitions of these geriatric syndromes (sarcopenia and frailty). It then briefly summarizes QoL concepts and specificities in older populations and examines the relevant domains of QoL and what is known concerning QoL decline with these conditions. It calls for a clearer definition of the construct of disability, argues that a disease-specific QoL instrument for sarcopenia/frailty would be an asset for future research, and discusses whether there are available and validated components that could be used to this end and whether the psychometric properties of these instruments are sufficiently tested. It calls also for an approach using utility weighting to provide some cost estimates and suggests that a time trade-off study could be appropriate. C1 [Rizzoli, Rene; Biver, Emmanuel] Geneva Univ Hosp & Fac Med, Serv Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Reginster, Jean-Yves; Beaudart, Charlotte; Bruyere, Olivier] Univ Liege, Dept Publ Hlth Epidemiol & Hlth Econ, Liege, Belgium. [Arnal, Jean-Francois] Univ Toulouse, Fac Med, INSERM, Res Unit 1048, Toulouse, France. [Arnal, Jean-Francois] CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France. [Bautmans, Ivan] Vrije Univ Brussel, Gerontol & Frailty Ageing Res Dept, Brussels, Belgium. [Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike] Univ Zurich, Ctr Aging & Mobil, Zurich, Switzerland. [Boonen, Steven] Katholieke Univ Leuven Hosp, Div Geriatr Med, Louvain, Belgium. [Boonen, Steven] Katholieke Univ Leuven Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Louvain, Belgium. [Brandi, Maria-Luisa; Sayer, Avan Aihie] Univ Florence, Dept Internal Med, Florence, Italy. [Chines, Arkadi] Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. [Cooper, Cyrus; Sayer, Avan Aihie] Univ Southampton, Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, MRC, Southampton, Hants, England. [Epstein, Sol] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, New York, NY USA. [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Goodpaster, Bret] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Kanis, John A.; Reid, Kieran] Univ Sheffield, WHO Collaborating Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Kaufman, Jean-Marc] Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Ghent, Belgium. [Laslop, Andrea] Austrian Agcy Hlth & Food Safety, Vienna, Austria. [Malafarina, Vincenzo] Hosp San Juan Dios, Dept Geriatr, Pamplona, Spain. [Rodriguez Manas, Leocadio] Univ Hosp Getafe, Dept Geriatr, Madrid, Spain. [Mitlak, Bruce H.] Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Res Labs, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. [Oreffo, Richard O.] Univ Southampton, Bone & Joint Res Grp, Inst Dev Sci, Sch Med, Southampton, Hants, England. [Petermans, Jean] CHU Liege, Serv Geriatr, Liege, Belgium. [Rolland, Yves] Univ Toulouse 3, CHU Purpan, Gerontopole Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Tsouderos, Yannis] Inst Rech Int Servier, Suresnes, France. [Visser, Marjolein] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hlth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Visser, Marjolein] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, EMGO Inst Hlth & Care Res, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Rizzoli, R (reprint author), Geneva Univ Hosp & Fac Med, Serv Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. EM rene.rizzoli@unige.ch RI ARNAL, Jean Francois/K-7004-2014; Oreffo, Richard/A-4615-2011; Bautmans, Ivan/C-3435-2014; OI Oreffo, Richard/0000-0001-5995-6726; Bautmans, Ivan/0000-0002-6820-9586; Aihie Sayer, Avan/0000-0003-1283-6457; Malafarina, Vincenzo/0000-0001-6748-1556 FU Novartis; Servier; Negma; Lilly; Wyeth; Amgen; Glaxo SmithKline; Roche; Merckle; Nycomed; NPS; Theramex; UCB; Merck Sharp; Dohme; Rottapharm; IBSA; Genevrier; Teijin; Teva; Ebewee Pharma; Zodiac; Analis; Novo-Nordisk; Nolver; Bristol Myers Squibb; Eli Lilly; Dairy Management; Abbott; Pronutrim; Cytokinetics; Nestec; Health Technology Assessment NHS R&D HTA Programme of the UK; Merck Sharpe; Fabre; Nutraveris; SMB FX J.-Y. R. has received consulting fees or paid advisory boards for Servier, Novartis, Negma, Lilly, Wyeth, Amgen, Glaxo SmithKline, Roche, Merckle, Nycomed, NPS, Theramex, and UCB; lecture fees from Merck Sharp and Dohme, Lilly, Rottapharm, IBSA, Genevrier, Novartis, Servier, Roche, Glaxo SmithKline, Teijin, Teva, Ebewee Pharma, Zodiac, Analis, Theramex, Nycomed, Novo-Nordisk, and Nolver; Grant support from Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Rottapharm, Teva, Lilly, Novartis, Roche, Glaxo SmithKline, Amgen, and Servier. A. C. owns stock in Pfizer. C. C. has a consultant/advisory role to Amgen, Glaxo SmithKline, ABBH, Merck Sharpe and Dohme, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Servier, Medtronic, and Roche. R. F. has had remuneration, has played a consultant/advisory role, and has stock ownership of or funding from Eli Lilly, Dairy Management, Abbott, Pronutrim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cytokinetics, and Nestec. B. G. has received remuneration from Abbott Nutrition. J. K. has worked with and received funding from many companies and nongovernmental organizations dealing with skeletal metabolism including research funding from the Health Technology Assessment NHS R&D HTA Programme of the UK. B. M. is an employee of and owns stock in Eli Lilly. K. R. has a consultant/advisory role to Eli Lilly. Y. R. has received funding from Eli Lilly, Merck Sharpe and Dohme, Fabre, and Servier. A. S. has received remuneration from Abbott Nutrition, Servier, and Nestle and funding from Glaxo SmithKline. O. B. has received grant support from IBSA, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Nutraveris, Novartis, Pfizer, Rottapharm, Servier, and Theramex; lecture fees from IBSA, Rottapharm, Servier, and SMB; reimbursements for attending meetings from IBSA, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Rottapharm, Servier, and Theramex. All other authors have stated that they have no conflict of interest. NR 141 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0171-967X J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 93 IS 2 BP 101 EP 120 DI 10.1007/s00223-013-9758-y PG 20 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 186GM UT WOS:000322030100001 PM 23828275 ER PT J AU Sawyer, SC Brashares, JS AF Sawyer, Sarah C. Brashares, Justin S. TI Applying resource selection functions at multiple scales to prioritize habitat use by the endangered Cross River gorilla SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Conservation planning; critical habitat; Cross River gorilla; resource selection functions; spatial scale ID IMPENETRABLE NATIONAL-PARK; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; FOOD AVAILABILITY; WOODLAND CARIBOU; LOWLAND GORILLAS; AMERICAN MARTEN; SPATIAL SCALES; FOREST; MODELS; POPULATIONS AB Aim The critically endangered Cross River gorilla is a patchily distributed taxon for which habitat selection has been modelled only at coarse spatial scales, using remotely sensed landscape data and large-scale species distribution maps. These coarse-scale models fail to explain why Cross River gorillas (CRG) display a highly fragmented distribution within what appears to be a large, continuous area of suitable habitat. This study aimed to refine our understanding of CRG habitat use to inform conservation planning both for the subspecies and for other fragmented species of conservation concern. Location Cross River gorillas occur only in a discontinuous distribution in the southern portion of the Cameroon-Nigeria border region, an area that represents one of Africa's biodiversity hotspots. This study was carried out in the Northern Mone-Mt. Oko region, part of the Mone/Mbulu forest system located in the Manyu division of the South-west Province of Cameroon. Methods We used resource selection functions to understand habitat use by CRG at multiple scales. Specifically, we employed generalized additive models at the scale of the annual subpopulation range and conditional logistic regression at the scale of individual movements. Results Cross River gorillas habitat selection is highly scale dependent. Localized measures of habitat quality strongly influenced selection at the subpopulation or landscape scale, while human activity and food availability were the best predictors of selection at finer scales. Main conclusions Understanding why CRG do not occur in seemingly suitable habitat is crucial for designating critical habitat both within and between CRG subpopulations. Our results indicate that conservation planning to maintain critical habitat and connectivity among CRG populations will require an integrative, multi-scale planning approach incorporating large-scale landscape characteristics, human use patterns and CRG food availability. C1 [Sawyer, Sarah C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Brashares, Justin S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sawyer, SC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Reg, 1323 Club Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. EM scsawyer@fs.fed.us FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Rocca scholars programme (UC Berkeley); University of California, Berkeley FX Financial support for this project was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and two grants from the Rocca scholars programme (UC Berkeley). Logistical support was generously provided by The Wildlife Conservation Society, Cameroon and the North Carolina Zoo. S. S. was supported by a Chancellor's fellowship from the University of California, Berkeley. A debt of gratitude is owed particularly to A. Nicholas, Y. Warren, R. Bergl, F. Okon, P. Eyong, the WCS Limbe staff, the Brashares lab group and the village of Nga for all of their support. Thanks also to S. Beissinger, C. Kremen and W. Lidicker. This research was conducted with the permission of Cameroon's Ministry of Forests and Wildlife and Ministry of Scientific and Technical Research. NR 77 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 76 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 943 EP 954 DI 10.1111/ddi.12046 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 178JV UT WOS:000321444900007 ER PT J AU Zhang, XS Beeson, P Link, R Manowitz, D Izaurralde, RC Sadeghi, A Thomson, AM Sahajpal, R Srinivasan, R Arnold, JG AF Zhang, Xuesong Beeson, Peter Link, Robert Manowitz, David Izaurralde, Roberto C. Sadeghi, Ali Thomson, Allison M. Sahajpal, Ritvik Srinivasan, Raghavan Arnold, Jeffrey G. TI Efficient multi-objective calibration of a computationally intensive hydrologic model with parallel computing software in Python SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Parallel processing; Evolutionary multi-objective optimization; High performance computer; Soil and water assessment tool; Parameter calibration ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; SWAT MODEL; AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHM; CONSERVATION; SIMULATIONS; SOIL; STRATEGIES AB With enhanced data availability, distributed watershed models for large areas with high spatial and temporal resolution are increasingly used to understand water budgets and examine effects of human activities and climate change/variability on water resources. Developing parallel computing software to improve calibration efficiency has received growing attention of the watershed modeling community as it is very time demanding to run iteratively complex models for calibration. In this research, we introduce a Python-based parallel computing package, PP-SWAT, for efficient calibration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. This software employs Python, MPI for Python (mpi4py) and OpenMPI to parallelize A Multi-method Genetically Adaptive Multi-objective Optimization Algorithm (AMALGAM), allowing for simultaneously addressing multiple objectives in calibrating SWAT. Test results on a Linux computer cluster showed that PP-SWAT can achieve a speedup of 45-109 depending on model complexity. Increasing the processor count beyond a certain threshold does not necessarily improve efficiency, because intensified resource competition may result in an I/O bottleneck. The efficiency achieved by PP-SWAT also makes it practical to implement multiple parameter adjustment schemes operating at different scales in affordable time, which helps provide SWAT users with a wider range of options of parameter sets to choose from for model(s) selection. PP-SWAT was not designed to address errors associated with other sources (e.g. model structure) and cautious supervision of its power should be exercised in order to attain physically meaningful calibration results. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Xuesong; Link, Robert; Manowitz, David; Izaurralde, Roberto C.; Thomson, Allison M.] Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Beeson, Peter; Sadeghi, Ali] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sahajpal, Ritvik] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Srinivasan, Raghavan] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Zhang, XS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM xuesongzhang2004@gmail.com RI zhang, xuesong/B-7907-2009; Thomson, Allison/B-1254-2010; sahajpal, ritvik/N-4565-2013; Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 OI sahajpal, ritvik/0000-0002-6418-289X; FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494, KP1601050, DOE EERE OBP 20469-19145]; NASA [NNH08ZDA001N, NNH12AU03I] FX We sincerely appreciate the valuable comments provided by the four anonymous reviewers, which substantially improved the quality of this paper. This work was partially funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494, DOE BER Office of Science KP1601050, DOE EERE OBP 20469-19145), and NASA (NNH08ZDA001N and NNH12AU03I). NR 58 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 46 BP 208 EP 218 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.03.013 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 173OJ UT WOS:000321088500019 ER PT J AU Meneguzzo, DM Liknes, GC Nelson, MD AF Meneguzzo, Dacia M. Liknes, Greg C. Nelson, Mark D. TI Mapping trees outside forests using high-resolution aerial imagery: a comparison of pixel- and object-based classification approaches SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Trees outside forests; Forest inventory; Tree cover; Aerial photography; Object-based image analysis; Independent component analysis ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; REMOTE-SENSING IMAGERY; EXTRACTION; ACCURACY; AREAS AB Discrete trees and small groups of trees in nonforest settings are considered an essential resource around the world and are collectively referred to as trees outside forests (ToF). ToF provide important functions across the landscape, such as protecting soil and water resources, providing wildlife habitat, and improving farmstead energy efficiency and aesthetics. Despite the significance of ToF, forest and other natural resource inventory programs and geospatial land cover datasets that are available at a national scale do not include comprehensive information regarding ToF in the United States. Additional ground-based data collection and acquisition of specialized imagery to inventory these resources are expensive alternatives. As a potential solution, we identified two remote sensing-based approaches that use free high-resolution aerial imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) to map all tree cover in an agriculturally dominant landscape. We compared the results obtained using an unsupervised per-pixel classifier (independent component analysis-[ICA]) and an object-based image analysis (OBIA) procedure in Steele County, Minnesota, USA. Three types of accuracy assessments were used to evaluate how each method performed in terms of: (1) producing a county-level estimate of total tree-covered area, (2) correctly locating tree cover on the ground, and (3) how tree cover patch metrics computed from the classified outputs compared to those delineated by a human photo interpreter. Both approaches were found to be viable for mapping tree cover over a broad spatial extent and could serve to supplement ground-based inventory data. The ICA approach produced an estimate of total tree cover more similar to the photo-interpreted result, but the output from the OBIA method was more realistic in terms of describing the actual observed spatial pattern of tree cover. C1 [Meneguzzo, Dacia M.; Liknes, Greg C.; Nelson, Mark D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Meneguzzo, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM dmeneguzzo@fs.fed.us RI Ma, Lei/I-4597-2014 NR 55 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 61 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 185 IS 8 BP 6261 EP 6275 DI 10.1007/s10661-012-3022-1 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 174AA UT WOS:000321123800004 PM 23255169 ER PT J AU Beyer, WN Green, CE Beyer, M Chaney, RL AF Beyer, W. N. Green, C. E. Beyer, M. Chaney, R. L. TI Phytotoxicity of zinc and manganese to seedlings grown in soil contaminated by zinc smelting SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Phytotoxicity; Zinc; Manganese; Soil pH; Smelter ID SUGAR MAPLE; HEAVY-METALS; TOXICITY; CADMIUM; PLANTS; COPPER; CALCIUM; DECLINE; NICKEL; SPRUCE AB Historic emissions from two zinc smelters have injured the forest on Blue Mountain near Palmerton, Pennsylvania, USA. Seedlings of soybeans and five tree species were grown in a greenhouse in a series of mixtures of smelter-contaminated and reference soils and then phytotoxic thresholds were calculated. As little as 10% Palmerton soil mixed with reference soil killed or greatly stunted seedlings of most species. Zinc was the principal cause of the phytotoxicity to the tree seedlings, although Mn and Cd may also have been phytotoxic in the most contaminated soil mixtures. Calcium deficiency seemed to play a role in the observed phytotoxicity. Exposed soybeans showed symptoms of Mn toxicity. A test of the effect of liming on remediation of the Zn and Mn phytotoxicity caused a striking decrease in Sr-nitrate extractable metals in soils and demonstrated that liming was critical to remediation and restoration. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Beyer, W. N.; Beyer, M.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC East, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Green, C. E.; Chaney, R. L.] ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Beyer, WN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC East, Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM nbeyer@usgs.gov FU Natural Resource Damage and Restoration Program in the Department of the Interior FX This work was funded partially by the Natural Resource Damage and Restoration Program in the Department of the Interior. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank Eton Codling of the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center and Esther Stroh of the USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center for their suggestions. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 179 BP 167 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.013 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 168ZF UT WOS:000320745800023 PM 23685629 ER PT J AU Yin, YN Xiao, CL AF Yin, Y. N. Xiao, C. L. TI Molecular characterization and a multiplex allele-specific PCR method for detection of thiabendazole resistance in Penicillium expansum from apple SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apple; Benzimidazole fungicide; beta-tubulin gene; Blue mold; Fungicide resistance; Postharvest disease; Penicillium expansum; Thiabendazole ID BETA-TUBULIN GENE; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA POPULATIONS; WASHINGTON-STATE; BLUE MOLD; BENZIMIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; VENTURIA-INAEQUALIS; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; FIELD STRAINS; MUTATIONS; PYRIMETHANIL AB Thiabendazole (TBZ) is commonly used as a postharvest treatment for control of blue mold in apples caused by Penicillium expansum. Different point mutations in the beta-tubulin gene conferring benzimidazole resistance have been reported in plant pathogens, but molecular mechanisms of TBZ resistance in P. expansum from apple in Washington State are unknown. Determination of TBZ resistance level showed that all 102 TBZ-resistant (TBZ-R) isolates were highly resistant. Sequencing of the majority of the beta-tubulin gene showed that 76 TBZ-R isolates harboured the E198V mutation and 26 harboured the F167Y mutation, and all the sensitive isolates did not possess any of the mutations, indicating that these two point mutations in the beta-tubulin gene were correlated with TBZ resistance in P. expansum from apple in Washington State. There was no association between levels of TBZ resistance and types of point mutations (E198V or F167Y) in the beta-tubulin gene. A multiplex allele-specific PCR assay was developed to detect these two mutations simultaneously. Microsatellite-primed PCR derived presence-absence matrix used to assess the genetic relationship among 56 isolates suggested that the resistance mutations originated several times independently and that there was no correlation between the types of point mutation and the genetic background of the isolates. C1 [Yin, Y. N.] Washington State Univ, Tree Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Yin, Y. N.] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Xiao, C. L.] ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Xiao, CL (reprint author), ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Chang-Lin.Xiao@ars.usda.gov FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission FX This research was supported in part by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission. We thank H. X. Li for technical assistance. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 136 IS 4 BP 703 EP 713 DI 10.1007/s10658-013-0199-2 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 175QM UT WOS:000321246300006 ER PT J AU Babiker, EM Hulbert, SH Schroeder, KL Paulitz, TC AF Babiker, Ebrahiem M. Hulbert, Scot H. Schroeder, Kurtis L. Paulitz, Timothy C. TI Evaluation of Brassica species for resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia (Ceratobasidum spp.) under controlled environment conditions SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhizoctonia solani; Ceratobasidium; Brassica ID SEEDLING ROOT-ROT; WASHINGTON-STATE; DAMPING-OFF; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; 1ST REPORT; CANOLA; SOIL; ORYZAE; WHEAT; QUANTIFICATION AB Isolates of R. solani AG 2-1, AG 8, AG 10 and binucleate Rhizoctonia (Ceratobasidium spp.) were tested for virulence on Brassica crops in growth chamber experiments. Isolate virulence and genotype resistance were determined based on percent of seedling survival, shoot length reduction, and shoot fresh weight. Isolates had significant effects on all tested measurements, compared to the non-inoculated controls. Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-1 appears to be the most aggressive pathogen on all tested genotypes followed by R. solani AG 8, binucleate Rhizoctonia and R. solani AG 10, respectively. Genotype by isolate interaction effects were found to be significant for percent of seedling survival and shoot length reduction. None of the tested genotypes exhibited any level of resistance to R. solani AG 2-1, but three promising genotypes with moderate levels of resistance to R. solani AG 10, R. solani AG 8 and binucleate Rhizoctonia were identified. Moderate heritability (0.57) was observed for the percent of seedling survival in the resistant genotype KS4022. C1 [Babiker, Ebrahiem M.; Hulbert, Scot H.; Schroeder, Kurtis L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Paulitz, Timothy C.] ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Paulitz, TC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM paulitz@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 FU Biofuels Cropping Systems Research and Extension Project of Washington State; Washington and Idaho Canola Commission FX We thank the Biofuels Cropping Systems Research and Extension Project of Washington State and the Washington and Idaho Canola Commission for financial support. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 136 IS 4 BP 763 EP 772 DI 10.1007/s10658-013-0205-8 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 175QM UT WOS:000321246300011 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP Robnett, CJ AF Kurtzman, Cletus P. Robnett, Christie J. TI Alloascoidea hylecoeti gen. nov., comb. nov., Alloascoidea africana comb. nov., Ascoidea tarda sp nov., and Nadsonia starkeyi-henricii comb. nov., new members of the Saccharomycotina (Ascomycota) SO FEMS YEAST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Alloascoidea; Ascoidea; Alloascoideaceae; new genus; new family ID HAT-SHAPED ASCOSPORES; AMBROSIA FUNGI; CORYMBOSA; YEASTS AB Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated nuclear gene sequences for large and small subunit rRNA, translation elongation factor 1-, and the two large subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB1, RPB2) demonstrated that species assigned to the yeast genus Ascoidea represent two separate and distantly related clades, that is, Ascoidea (A.asiatica, NRRL Y-17632, CBS 377.68; A.rubescens, NRRL Y-17699, CBS 116.35, type species; A.tarda sp. nov., NRRL Y-2393, CBS 12609, type strain), which is near the genus Saccharomycopsis, and Alloascoidea gen. nov. (Al.africana comb. nov., NRRL Y-6762-3, CBS 12606, Al.hylecoeti comb. nov., NRRL Y-17634, CBS 355.80, type species), which is near Nadsonia and related genera. From these analyses and from comparison of herbarium specimens, it appears that type strains of A.asiatica and Al.africana had been reversed. Sequence analysis further showed that Schizoblastosporion starkeyi-henricii is a sister species of Nadsonia fulvescens and it is proposed for transfer to Nadsonia. C1 [Kurtzman, Cletus P.; Robnett, Christie J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM cletus.kurtzman@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1567-1356 J9 FEMS YEAST RES JI FEMS Yeast Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 5 BP 423 EP 432 DI 10.1111/1567-1364.12044 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology GA 178GY UT WOS:000321435300001 PM 23496865 ER PT J AU Hulbert, LE Carroll, JA Ballou, MA Burdick, NC Dailey, JW Caldwell, LC Loyd, AN Vann, RC Welsh, TH Randel, RD AF Hulbert, Lindsey E. Carroll, Jeffery A. Ballou, Michael A. Burdick, Nicole C. Dailey, Jeffery W. Caldwell, Lisa C. Loyd, Andrea N. Vann, Rhonda C. Welsh, Thomas H., Jr. Randel, Ronald D. TI Sexually dimorphic stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses to an intravenous corticotropin-releasing hormone challenge of Brahman cattle following transportation SO INNATE IMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE Acute; cattle; cortisol; CRH; innate immunity; sexual dimorphism ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SEX-DIFFERENCES; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; RECTAL TEMPERATURE; ACTH-SECRETION; TECHNICAL NOTE; MAST-CELLS; IN-VITRO AB This study was designed to characterize potential sexually dimorphic stress and immunological responses following a corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) challenge in beef cattle. Six female (heifers) and six male (bulls) Brahman calves (264 +/- 12d of age) were administered CRH intravenously (0.5 mu g of CRH/kg body mass) after which serum concentrations of cortisol increased from 0.5h to 4h. From 1h to 4h after CRH administration, serum cortisol concentrations were greater in heifers than in bulls. In all cattle, increased serum concentrations of TNF-, IL-6 and IFN- were observed from 2.5h to 3h after CRH, with greater concentrations of IFN- and IL-6 in heifers than bulls. Heifer total leukocyte counts decreased 1h after CRH administration, while bull leukocyte counts and percent neutrophils decreased 2h after CRH administration. Heifers had greater rectal temperatures than bulls, yet rectal temperatures did not change following administration of CRH. There was no effect of CRH administration on heart rate. However, bulls tended to have increased heart rate 2h after CRH administration than before CRH. Heifer heart rate was greater than bulls throughout the study. These data demonstrate that acute CRH administration can elicit a pro-inflammatory response, and cattle exhibit a sexually dimorphic pro-inflammatory cytokine and cortisol response to acute CRH administration. C1 [Hulbert, Lindsey E.; Carroll, Jeffery A.; Burdick, Nicole C.; Dailey, Jeffery W.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Hulbert, Lindsey E.; Ballou, Michael A.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Burdick, Nicole C.; Caldwell, Lisa C.; Loyd, Andrea N.; Welsh, Thomas H., Jr.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX USA. [Vann, Rhonda C.] Mississippi State Univ, Brown Loam Branch Expt Stn, Raymond, MS USA. [Randel, Ronald D.] Texas AgriLife Res Ctr, Overton, TX USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, 1604 E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM jeff.carroll@ars.usda.gov FU Texas A&M AgriLife Research, USDA-NRI-CSREES [2005-01671]; USDA [SG 2006-34564-170] FX This study was supported, in part, by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, USDA-NRI-CSREES Grant 2005-01671 and USDA SG 2006-34564-170. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1753-4259 J9 INNATE IMMUN-LONDON JI Innate Immun. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 378 EP 387 DI 10.1177/1753425912462752 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA 182KU UT WOS:000321741900005 PM 23112011 ER PT J AU Sanchez, NCB Young, TR Carroll, JA Corley, JR Rathmann, RJ Johnson, BJ AF Sanchez, Nicole C. Burdick Young, Tanner R. Carroll, Jeffery A. Corley, Jimmie R. Rathmann, Ryan J. Johnson, Bradley J. TI Yeast cell wall supplementation alters aspects of the physiological and acute phase responses of crossbred heifers to an endotoxin challenge SO INNATE IMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE Acute phase response; cattle; cortisol; cytokines; LPS; yeast cell wall ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; IMMUNE FUNCTION; FEED-INTAKE; CULTURE; CATTLE; STEERS; PERFORMANCE; STRESS; CALVES; HEALTH AB A study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding yeast cell wall (YCW) products on the physiological and acute phase responses of crossbred, newly-received feedlot heifers to an endotoxin challenge. Heifers (n=24; 219 +/- 2.4kg) were separated into treatment groups receiving either a control diet (n=8), YCW-A (2.5g/heifer/d; n=8) or YCW-C (2.5g/heifer/d; n=8) and were fed for 52d. On d 37 heifers were challenged i.v. with LPS (0.5 mu g/kg body mass) and blood samples were collected from -2h to 8h and again at 24h relative to LPS challenge. There was an increase in vaginal temperature in all heifers post-LPS, with YCW-C maintaining a lower vaginal temperature post-LPS than control and YCW-A heifers. Sickness behavior scores increased post-LPS in all heifers, but were not affected by treatment. Cortisol concentrations were greatest in control heifers post-LPS compared with YCW-A or YCW-C heifers. Concentrations of IFN- and TNF- increased post-LPS, but were not affected by treatment. Serum IL-6 concentrations increased post-LPS and were greater in control heifers than YCW-A and YCW-C heifers. These data indicate that YCW supplementation can decrease the physiological and acute phase responses of newly-received heifers following an endotoxin challenge. C1 [Sanchez, Nicole C. Burdick; Carroll, Jeffery A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Young, Tanner R.; Rathmann, Ryan J.; Johnson, Bradley J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Corley, Jimmie R.] Lesaffre Feed Addit, Milwaukee, WI USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, 1604 East FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM jeff.carroll@ars.usda.gov FU Lesaffre Feed Additives, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Gordon W. Davis Regents Chair Endowment at Texas Tech University FX This study was supported, in part, by Lesaffre Feed Additives, Milwaukee, WI, USA, and the Gordon W. Davis Regents Chair Endowment at Texas Tech University. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 17 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1753-4259 J9 INNATE IMMUN-LONDON JI Innate Immun. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 411 EP 419 DI 10.1177/1753425912469673 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA 182KU UT WOS:000321741900009 ER PT J AU Prasifka, JR Spencer, JL Tinsley, NA Estes, RE Gray, ME AF Prasifka, J. R. Spencer, J. L. Tinsley, N. A. Estes, R. E. Gray, M. E. TI Adult activity and oviposition of corn rootworms, Diabrotica spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), in Miscanthus, corn and switchgrass SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomass; habitat; interaction; pest ID EAST CENTRAL ILLINOIS; X-GIGANTEUS; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; PRAIRIE GRASSES; HOST RANGE; WESTERN; LARVAE; VARIANT; MAIZE; PEST AB The ability of the biomass crop Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus Greef and Deuter ex Hodkinson and Renvoize) to support larval development for both United States and European populations of the western corn root-worm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, suggests an avenue for interactions with corn (Zea mays L.). To provide context to survival of D.v. virgifera on Miscanthus, adult activity and oviposition of Diabrotica spp. were monitored in central Illinois in 2010-2011 in Miscanthus, corn and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). For D. v. virgifera, vial traps within corn plots captured 3-10 times as many adults as in Miscanthus or switchgrass, while soil samples showed females laid approximately 10 times as many eggs in corn as in the perennial grasses. Adult southern corn root-worms, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, were the most abundant species in 2010 and clearly preferred switchgrass as an adult habitat, with vial traps in switchgrass capturing 5-10 times as many D.u. howardi as those in corn or Miscanthus. Based on the small production areas for Miscanthus and switchgrass (and low use of both by D. v. virgifera), it seems likely that there are no current impacts of these perennial grasses on pest status of Diabrotica spp. in corn or other crops. However, adaptations by Diabrotica spp. to pest management practices suggest they could be a source for interactions between biomass and food or feed crops. Early-season soil samples did not recover eggs of D.u. howardi, but their use of switchgrass as an adult habitat suggests additional research in areas where switchgrass may be grown near peanuts, alfalfa or other hosts may be needed. Also, investigation of other candidate bioenergy crops known to support Diabrotica spp. larval development is needed to better understand the possible effects of a changing agricultural landscape on corn rootworms. C1 [Prasifka, J. R.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Spencer, J. L.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Tinsley, N. A.; Estes, R. E.; Gray, M. E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Prasifka, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Ave North, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM jarrad.prasifka@ars.usda.gov RI Spencer, Joseph/B-6876-2012 OI Spencer, Joseph/0000-0003-4757-563X FU Energy Biosciences Institute FX We appreciate help in preparation and sample collection by Kevin Mazur. A review of a previous version of this manuscript was provided by Godshen Pallipparambil. Funding was provided by the Energy Biosciences Institute. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 137 IS 7 BP 481 EP 487 DI 10.1111/jen.12050 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 178JT UT WOS:000321444700001 ER PT J AU Hamel, SE Hermanson, JC Cramer, SM AF Hamel, Scott E. Hermanson, John C. Cramer, Steven M. TI Mechanical and time-dependent behavior of wood-plastic composites subjected to tension and compression SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Creep; wood-polymer composite; power-law; tension; compression ID FILLED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; CREEP-BEHAVIOR; POLYETHYLENE; DEFORMATION AB The thermoplastics within wood-plastic composites (WPCs) are known to experience significant time-dependent deformation or creep. In some formulations, creep deformation can be twice as much as the initial quasi-static strain in as little as 4 days. While extensive work has been done on the creep behavior of pure polymers, little information is available on the mechanical effects of mixing polymers with large amounts of wood-based or other bio-based fillers. As producers seek to develop structural WPC products that may be subjected to sustained loads, it is imperative that this creep behavior be understood. We characterized the quasi-static and time-dependent deformations of seven WPC formulations (primarily polypropylene, and polyethylene) in tension and compression. The quasi-static, mode-dependent response of the material to a linearly increasing strain was found to be well described by an exponential function coupled with a linear term. For most formulations, significant differences between the tension and the compression behaviors were not exhibited below 50% of the tensile capacity. The long-term creep response of the material was found to conform well to a time-dependent power-law (Findley, Shapery, etc.) at various stress levels for both loading modes. C1 [Hamel, Scott E.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Civil Engn, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Hermanson, John C.] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Cramer, Steven M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hamel, SE (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Civil Engn, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM sehamel@uaa.alaska.edu RI Hermanson, John/K-8106-2015 OI Hermanson, John/0000-0002-3325-6665 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35103-15230] FX This work was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2005-35103-15230. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 23 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0892-7057 J9 J THERMOPLAST COMPOS JI J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 7 BP 968 EP 987 DI 10.1177/0892705711432362 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 185YS UT WOS:000322008200008 ER PT J AU Ziemer, CJ AF Ziemer, Cherie J. TI Broad Diversity and Newly Cultured Bacterial Isolates from Enrichment of Pig Feces on Complex Polysaccharides SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIETARY FIBER; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; ENERGY-SOURCES; GUT; POPULATIONS; MICROBIOTA; SWINE; METAGENOMICS; RUMEN AB One of the fascinating functions of mammalian intestinal microbiota is fermentation of plant cell wall components. Eight-week continuous culture enrichments of pig feces with cellulose and xylan/pectin were used to isolate bacteria from this community. A total of 575 bacterial isolates were classified phylogenetically using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Six phyla were represented in the bacterial isolates: Firmicutes (242), Bacteroidetes (185), Proteobacteria (65), Fusobacteria (55), Actinobacteria (23), and Synergistetes (5). The majority of the bacterial isolates had a parts per thousand yen97 % similarity to cultured bacteria with sequences in the RDP, but 179 isolates represent new species and/or genera. Within the Firmicutes isolates, most were classified in the families of Lachnospiraceae, Enterococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Clostridiaceae I. The majority of the Bacteroidetes were most closely related to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides ovatus, and B. xylanisolvens. Many of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes isolates were identified as species that possess enzymes that ferment plant cell wall components, and the rest likely support these bacteria. The microbial communities that arose in these enrichment cultures had broad bacterial diversity. With over 30 % of the isolates not represented in culture, there are new opportunities to study genomic and metabolic capacities of these members of the complex intestinal microbiota. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Ziemer, CJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM cherie.ziemer@ars.usda.gov FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX This research was supported by a grant from Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency as part of its Intestinal Fortitude Program to C.J. Ziemer. The author would like to thank Todd Atherly, Kerrie Franzen, and John Tenhundfeld for technical analyses. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 48 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 448 EP 461 DI 10.1007/s00248-013-0185-4 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 181LK UT WOS:000321668900019 PM 23354293 ER PT J AU Tarpy, DR vanEngelsdorp, D Pettis, JS AF Tarpy, David R. vanEngelsdorp, Dennis Pettis, Jeffrey S. TI Genetic diversity affects colony survivorship in commercial honey bee colonies SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN LA English DT Article DE Genetic diversity; Social insects; Genotyping; Supersedure; Colony mortality ID APIS-MELLIFERA L.; EFFECTIVE PATERNITY; EVOLUTION; HYMENOPTERA; POLYANDRY; DISEASE; QUEENS; PERFORMANCE; INFECTIONS; PHYSIOLOGY AB Honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens mate with unusually high numbers of males (average of approximately 12 drones), although there is much variation among queens. One main consequence of such extreme polyandry is an increased diversity of worker genotypes within a colony, which has been shown empirically to confer significant adaptive advantages that result in higher colony productivity and survival. Moreover, honey bees are the primary insect pollinators used in modern commercial production agriculture, and their populations have been in decline worldwide. Here, we compare the mating frequencies of queens, and therefore, intracolony genetic diversity, in three commercial beekeeping operations to determine how they correlate with various measures of colony health and productivity, particularly the likelihood of queen supersedure and colony survival in functional, intensively managed beehives. We found the average effective paternity frequency (m (e) ) of this population of honey bee queens to be 13.6 +/- 6.76, which was not significantly different between colonies that superseded their queen and those that did not. However, colonies that were less genetically diverse (headed by queens with m (e) a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 7.0) were 2.86 times more likely to die by the end of the study when compared to colonies that were more genetically diverse (headed by queens with m (e) > 7.0). The stark contrast in colony survival based on increased genetic diversity suggests that there are important tangible benefits of increased queen mating number in managed honey bees, although the exact mechanism(s) that govern these benefits have not been fully elucidated. C1 [Tarpy, David R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [vanEngelsdorp, Dennis] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pettis, Jeffrey S.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Tarpy, DR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM david_tarpy@ncsu.edu; Dennis.vanEngelsdorp@gmail.com; Jeff.Pettis@ars.usda.gov RI vanEngelsdorp, Dennis/E-7934-2010 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2007-02281]; USDA-ARS; North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services; National Honey Board FX We thank the three participating beekeepers for their assistance in this project as well as Michael Andree, Karen Roccasacca, Linda Wertz, and Nishit Patel and Nathan Rice for help in collecting and processing samples. We would like to thank Joel Caren, John Harman, Deborah Delaney, Winnie Lee, Flora Lee, Mithun Patel, and Matt Mayer for their help in DNA extractions and PCR analyses. This study was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2007-02281, USDA-ARS as well as by grants from the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services and the National Honey Board. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 10 U2 113 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0028-1042 J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN JI Naturwissenschaften PD AUG PY 2013 VL 100 IS 8 BP 723 EP 728 DI 10.1007/s00114-013-1065-y PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 183AY UT WOS:000321787200002 PM 23728203 ER PT J AU Ontl, TA Hofmockel, KS Cambardella, CA Schulte, LA Kolka, RK AF Ontl, Todd A. Hofmockel, Kirsten S. Cambardella, Cynthia A. Schulte, Lisa A. Kolka, Randall K. TI Topographic and soil influences on root productivity of three bioenergy cropping systems SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE bioenergy; carbon allocation; carbon cycle; ecosystem modeling; root production; scaling; soil variability ID ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; NITROGEN; DYNAMICS; LANDSCAPE; QUALITY; GROWTH; US; VARIABILITY; CULTIVATION AB Successful modeling of the carbon (C) cycle requires empirical data regarding species-specific root responses to edaphic characteristics. We address this need by quantifying annual root production of three bioenergy systems (continuous corn, triticale/sorghum, switchgrass) in response to variation in soil properties across a toposequence within a Midwestern agroecosystem. Using ingrowth cores to measure annual root production, we tested for the effects of topography and 11 soil characteristics on root productivity. Root production significantly differed among cropping systems. Switchgrass root productivity was lowest on the floodplain position, but root productivity of annual crops was not influenced by topography or soil properties. Greater switchgrass root production was associated with high percent sand, which explained 45% of the variation. Percent sand was correlated negatively with soil C and nitrogen and positively with bulk density, indicating this variable is a proxy for multiple important soil properties. Our results suggest that easily measured soil parameters can be used to improve model predictions of root productivity in bioenergy switchgrass, but the edaphic factors we measured were not useful for predicting root productivity in annual crops. These results can improve C cycling modeling efforts by revealing the influence of cropping system and soil properties on root productivity. C1 [Ontl, Todd A.; Schulte, Lisa A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hofmockel, Kirsten S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cambardella, Cynthia A.] ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kolka, Randall K.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Ontl, TA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM taontl@gmail.com OI Ontl, Todd/0000-0003-4036-4848 FU USDA NIFA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture; Plant Sciences Institute at Iowa State University FX We thank the Landscape Biomass research team - in particular, N. Boersma, M. Fiscus, T. Gunther, E. Heaton, J. Henik, R. Hintz and K. Moore - for assistance with site development and plot maintenance; J. Dahl, M. Garrick, K. Kleve and L. Swan Roy for assistance with root processing; B. Butcher for soil core descriptions, D. Claassen for infiltration measurements; and J. Hartwig for soil processing. L. A. Long assisted with soil texture analyses and Mehlich extractions, J. Larson helped with C and N analyses, and J. Ohmacht aided in soil aggregation and POM analyses. This work was supported by funding from USDA NIFA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative to K. S. H., L. A. S., and R. K. K. Additionally, the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture provided funding to C. A. C., K. S. H., and L. A. S. T.A.O. was supported by a fellowship from the Plant Sciences Institute at Iowa State University. NR 82 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 199 IS 3 BP 727 EP 737 DI 10.1111/nph.12302 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 180RZ UT WOS:000321614500013 PM 23692583 ER PT J AU Panthee, DR Labate, JA Robertson, LD AF Panthee, Dilip R. Labate, Joanne A. Robertson, Larry D. TI Evaluation of tomato accessions for flavour and flavour-contributing components SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE core collection; diversity analysis; fruit quality; Solanum lycopersicum ID LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM MILL.; SENSORY ANALYSIS; LYCOPENE; QUALITY; VALUES; FRUITS AB Flavour is one of the most highly demanded consumer traits of tomato at present; poor flavour is one of the most commonly heard complaints associated with modern varieties of tomato. In order to combine flavour with other desirable fruit traits in improved cultivars, it is important to determine how much variability exists in the crucial compounds that contribute most to flavour. The objective of the present study was to determine the variability of flavour-contributing components including total soluble solids (TSS) and total titratable acids (TTA) among other subjective traits related to flavour in a core collection of tomato accessions. The core collection was comprised of 173 tomato accessions with a wide genetic background from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Services (ARS) Plant Genetic Resources Unit repository. The TTA varied from 0.20 to 0.64%, whereas the TSS ranged from 3.4 to 9.0%, indicating the availability of broad variation for these traits. Rinon (PI 118783), Turrialba, Purple Calabash and LA2102 were among the high TTA (>0.45%) containing accessions, whereas those with high TSS (>7.0%) were AVRDC#6, Sponzillo and LA2102. A positive correlation of overall flavour with TTA ( r = 0.33; P < 0.05) and TSS ( r = 0.37; P < 0.05) indicated that these two components play an important role in determining the overall flavour in tomato. Subjectively measured other traits including fruity odour and fruity flavour had positive correlations with overall flavour. Overall flavour is discussed in the context of other traits including fruit firmness. Information obtained from this study may be useful for tomato breeders aiming to improve tomato flavour. C1 [Panthee, Dilip R.] N Carolina State Univ, Mt Hort Crops Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Hort Sci, Mills River, NC 28759 USA. [Labate, Joanne A.; Robertson, Larry D.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Panthee, DR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Mt Hort Crops Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Hort Sci, Mills River, NC 28759 USA. EM dilip_panthee@ncsu.edu FU Tomato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC) FX The study was supported by a grant from the Tomato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC). Support of the technical staff Candice Anderson, Ragy Ibrahem, Adrienne Ratti, Tyler Nance and Susan Sheffer in implementing the experiments is highly appreciated. We are thankful to the panelists who participated in generating the subjective taste test data. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 32 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 11 IS 2 BP 106 EP 113 DI 10.1017/S1479262112000421 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 176EA UT WOS:000321285200002 ER PT J AU Jarret, RL Levy, IJ Potter, TL Cermak, SC Merrick, LC AF Jarret, Robert L. Levy, Irvin J. Potter, Thomas L. Cermak, Steven C. Merrick, Laura C. TI Seed oil content and fatty acid composition in a genebank collection of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne and C. argyrosperma C. Huber SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; Cucurbita mixta; cushaw; distributions; physical properties; pumpkin; squash; var. callicarpa; subsp sororia; var. stenosperma ID PUMPKIN AB Data on intra-specific variability for seed oil content, physical characteristics and fatty acid composition in Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita argyrosperma are lacking in the scientific literature. We examined 528 genebank accessions of C. moschata and 166 accessions of C. argyrosperma - which included members of both subsp. argyrosperma and subsp. sororia - for seed oil content, oil physical characteristics and fatty acid composition. The oil of both species had near-identical viscosities, viscosity indices, colour and oxidative stabilities while the oil of C. argyrosperma had a slightly higher pour point, cloud point, percentage of free fatty acids and acid value when compared with C. moschata. Mean oil content values of the two species were similar at 28.7 +/- /2.7 and 29.8 +/- /2.6% for C. moschata and C. argyrosperma, respectively. The mean seed oil content of C. argyrosperma subsp. argyrosperma var. palmeri (32.1%) was significantly higher than that of the other taxa examined. The average (mean) percentage of total seed weight attributable to the kernel was 77.2% in C. moschata (n = 34) and 74.5% in C. argyrosperma (n 46). The percentage of total seed weight attributable to the hull was correlated with seed oil content, in both species. Linoleic was the predominant fatty acid in all the samples analysed. Means for individual fatty acids in C. moschata were linoleic 48.5%, oleic 22.6%, palmitic 20.7% and stearic 7.5%. Means for individual fatty acids in C. argyrosperma were linoleic 47.3%, oleic 27.5%, palmitic 16.5% and stearic 8.0%. C1 [Jarret, Robert L.] USDA ARS PGRU, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Levy, Irvin J.] Gordon Coll, Dept Chem, Wenham, MA 01984 USA. [Potter, Thomas L.] USDA ARS Southeast Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Cermak, Steven C.] USDA ARS NCAUR, Biooils Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Merrick, Laura C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jarret, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS PGRU, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM bob.jarret@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 11 IS 2 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1017/S1479262112000512 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 176EA UT WOS:000321285200007 ER PT J AU Liu, J Macarisin, D Wisniewski, M Sui, Y Droby, S Norelli, J Hershkovitz, V AF Liu, J. Macarisin, D. Wisniewski, M. Sui, Y. Droby, S. Norelli, J. Hershkovitz, V. TI Production of hydrogen peroxide and expression of ROS-generating genes in peach flower petals in response to host and non-host fungal pathogens SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brown rot; oxidative burst; reactive oxygen species; resistance; virulence ID MONILINIA-FRUCTICOLA; REACTIVE OXYGEN; OXIDATIVE BURST; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; PENICILLIUM-DIGITATUM; CELLULAR REDOX; NITRIC-OXIDE; PLANT; RESISTANCE; INFECTION AB Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play dual roles in plant-microbe interactions in that they can either stimulate host resistance or enhance pathogen virulence. Innate resistance in peach (Prunus persica) to the brown rot fungal pathogen Monilinia fructicola is very limited, and knowledge of the mechanism of virulence is rudimentary. In this study, production of hydrogen peroxide, a major component of ROS, was determined in peach flower petals in response to M.fructicola (a host pathogen) and Penicillium digitatum (a non-host pathogen). Monilinia fructicola was able to infect flower petals while P.digitatum was not. During the host-specific interaction, M.fructicola induced hydrogen peroxide accumulation in flower petals. Application of exogenous antioxidants significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide accumulation as well as the incidence of brown rot disease. Application of M.fructicola spores to the surface of intact flower petals induced gene expression and increased enzyme activity of NADPH oxidase and cell wall peroxidase in host tissues, resulting in the production of hydrogen peroxide. Petals inoculated with M.fructicola exhibited high levels of protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation. No significant response in gene expression, enzyme activity or hydrogen peroxide levels was observed in peach flower petals treated with P.digitatum. These results suggest that M.fructicola, as with other necrotrophic fungi, uses the strong oxidative response as part of a virulence mechanism. C1 [Liu, J.; Macarisin, D.; Wisniewski, M.; Sui, Y.; Norelli, J.] ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Droby, S.; Hershkovitz, V.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Wisniewski, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov FU United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Fund [IS-4268-09] FX This research was supported by a grant (IS-4268-09) from the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Fund to SD and MW. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 62 IS 4 BP 820 EP 828 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02683.x PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 176YE UT WOS:000321341900011 ER PT J AU Ortiz, BV Balkcom, KB Duzy, L van Santen, E Hartzog, DL AF Ortiz, B. V. Balkcom, K. B. Duzy, L. van Santen, E. Hartzog, D. L. TI Evaluation of agronomic and economic benefits of using RTK-GPS-based auto-steer guidance systems for peanut digging operations SO PRECISION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Auto-steer guidance; Autoguidance system; Digger; GPS; Harvest; Peanut; Row pattern; Tillage ID STRIP TILLAGE; SPOTTED WILT; ROW PATTERN; LEAF-SPOT; IRRIGATION; MANAGEMENT; PROXIMITY; SOIL AB Increasing the peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) digger efficiency by accurate placement over the target rows could minimize damaged pods and yield losses. Producers have traditionally relied solely on tractor operator skills to harvest peanuts. However, as peanut production has shifted to new growing regions in the Southeast US, producers face difficulties digging peanuts under conventional and new management schemes. The present study aimed to: (i) determine the effect of row deviations (RD) of the digger from the target row on peanut yield and quality, and (ii) determine the economic value of using RTK auto-steer guidance systems to avoid tractor deviations during peanut harvest. The study consisted of a randomized complete block design of tillage [conventional (CT) and strip tillage (ST)], row patterns [single (SR) and twin (TWR)] and row deviation (RD0 mm, RD90 mm, and RD180 mm). The RD90 mm and RD180 mm treatments exemplify manual driving deviations compared to using an RTK auto-steer guidance system (RD0 mm). Higher yields and higher net returns resulted from using the RTK auto-steer guidance system. Data showed that for every 20 mm row deviation, an average of 186 kg ha(-1) yield loss can be expected. Overall, yield was higher for the conventional tillage and twin row pattern treatments compared to the other treatments. Yield losses for the SR-CT treatment were higher as the row deviation increased compared with the TWR-CT treatment. In contrast, higher yield losses for TWR-ST compared to SR-ST were observed when deviations of 180 mm occurred instead of digging using the RTK auto-steer guidance system. While a farmer using an RTK auto-steer guidance system with an accuracy within 25 mm (RD0 mm treatment) could potentially expect additional net returns of between 94 and 404 $ ha(-1) compared to those from row deviations of 90 mm, higher net returns of between 323 and 695 $ ha(-1) could be perceived if the guidance system is used instead of having row deviations of 180 mm. Therefore, the use of RTK auto-steer guidance system will allow growers to capitalize on the increases in yield potential by implementing changes in tillage and row patterns as those evaluated in this study. C1 [Ortiz, B. V.; van Santen, E.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Balkcom, K. B.; Hartzog, D. L.] Wiregrass Res & Extens Ctr, Headland, AL 36845 USA. [Duzy, L.] ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Ortiz, BV (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, 257 Funches Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bortiz@auburn.edu FU National Peanut Board (NPB) FX This work was supported by grant funds from the National Peanut Board (NPB). NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-2256 J9 PRECIS AGRIC JI Precis. Agric. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 357 EP 375 DI 10.1007/s11119-012-9297-y PG 19 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 180VU UT WOS:000321627800001 ER PT J AU Barasona, JA VerCauteren, KC Saklou, N Gortazar, C Vicente, J AF Barasona, J. A. VerCauteren, K. C. Saklou, N. Gortazar, C. Vicente, J. TI Effectiveness of cattle operated bump gates and exclusion fences in preventing ungulate multi-host sanitary interaction SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Cattle operated gates; Exclusion fences; Tuberculosis; Livestock/wild ungulates interface; Water points ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; TUBERCULOSIS MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; BADGERS MELES-MELES; SOUTH CENTRAL SPAIN; WILD BOAR; RED DEER; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; ELECTRIC FENCE; DETERRING DEER; TRANSMISSION AB Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in south central Spain, where evidence suggests transmission to domestic cattle. Known risk factors for TB at the interface between livestock and wild ungulate species include density and spatial overlap, particularly around waterholes during summer. We evaluated the effectiveness of selective exclusion measures for reducing direct and indirect interaction between extensive beef cattle and wild ungulates at waterholes as an alternative for the integrated control of TB. We first monitored 6 water points (WP) with infrared-triggered cameras at a TB positive cattle farm to quantify interactions. We then assigned 3 WP to be "cattle-only" and 3 to be "wildlife-only". Cattle-only WP were surrounded with a wildlife-proof fence (2.5 m high) and an original design of cattle-specific gate. Wildlife-only WP were surrounded by a fence that wild ungulates could breach but cattle could not (1.2 m high). Red deer, roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and wild boar easily jumped or undercrossed this fence. Wildlife-only fences were 100% effective in preventing cattle access to WP and did not impede wildlife use. Many cows learned to operate the cattle-specific gate quickly and others followed and learned from them. Within 2 weeks, around 70% of cows actively entered and exited through the cattle-specific gate. We demonstrate how simple, low-cost fencing strategies can serve as biosecurity measures to substantially reduce direct and indirect contact between cattle and wild ungulates, serving to reduce the potential for TB transmission. Our designs can be used in the context of integral plans to mitigate disease transmission between cattle and wildlife, and have potential for protecting or segregating the use of a variety of resources in different contexts. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Barasona, J. A.; Gortazar, C.; Vicente, J.] UCLM, CSIC, JCCM, IREC Inst Invest Recursos Cineget, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain. [VerCauteren, K. C.; Saklou, N.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Barasona, JA (reprint author), UCLM, CSIC, JCCM, IREC Inst Invest Recursos Cineget, Ronda Toledo S-N, Ciudad Real 13071, Spain. EM JoseAngel.Barasona@uclm.es RI Vicente, Joaquin/K-7822-2013; Gortazar, Christian/E-7918-2012; OI Vicente, Joaquin/0000-0001-8416-3672; Gortazar, Christian/0000-0003-0012-4006; Barasona, Jose Angel/0000-0003-4066-8454 FU Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [AGL2010-20730-C02-01]; JCCM [PEII10-0262-7673] FX This study was funded by the research project AGL2010-20730-C02-01 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion) and PEII10-0262-7673 (JCCM). Jose Angel Barasona enjoyed scholarship of the JCCM. We thank the Agriculture department of the JCCM and its Delegation in Ciudad Real by providing data on hunting statistics and sanitary campaigns. We also thank Jose Luis Saez (Spanish Agriculture Ministry) for his valuable comments on the manuscript. NR 59 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 111 IS 1-2 BP 42 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.03.009 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 177WZ UT WOS:000321407400006 PM 23602337 ER PT J AU Lee, H Cho, BK Kim, MS Lee, WH Tewari, J Bae, H Sohn, SI Chi, HY AF Lee, Hoonsoo Cho, Byoung-Kwan Kim, Moon S. Lee, Wang-Hee Tewari, Jagdish Bae, Hanhong Sohn, Soo-In Chi, Hee-Youn TI Prediction of crude protein and oil content of soybeans using Raman spectroscopy SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; Oil content; Protein content; Soybean; Partial least squares analysis ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; GLYCINE-MAX; RICE; MAIZE; AMINO; SEED; PLS AB While conventional chemical analysis methods for food nutrients require time-consuming, labor-intensive, and invasive pretreatment procedures, Raman spectroscopy can be used to measure a variety of food components rapidly and non-destructively without supervision from experts once the instrument has been calibrated. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimal prediction model for determining the protein and oil contents of soybeans using a dispersive Raman spectroscopy method. In general, the crude oil content of soybeans is chemically determined using the Soxhlet extraction method, while the semimicro-Kjeldahl method and an auto protein analyzer have been used to assess crude protein content. In the present study, Raman spectra were measured in the 200-1800 cm(-1) wavenumber range and partial least squares (PLS) analysis methods were used to develop optimal models for predicting the crude protein and oil contents of soybeans. The resultant PLS models that used the effective wavenumber regions determined by intermediate PLS (iPLS) method were better than those models developed using the entire wavenumber range under investigation. The R-p(2) and SEP of the optimal PLS model for crude protein content were 0.916 and 0.636%, respectively. Likewise, the R-p(2) and SEP for crude oil content were 0.872 and 0.759%, respectively. The result suggests that the conventional Raman techniques investigated in this study can be applied to the prediction of soybean crude protein and oil content. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Hoonsoo; Cho, Byoung-Kwan; Lee, Wang-Hee] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon, South Korea. [Kim, Moon S.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tewari, Jagdish] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Gyongsan, South Korea. [Sohn, Soo-In] RDA, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Biosafety Div, Suwon, South Korea. [Chi, Hee-Youn] SBLab Co, Suwon, South Korea. RP Cho, BK (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon, South Korea. EM chobk@cnu.ac.kr FU Next-Generation Bio-Green-21 program [PJ008055]; Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea FX Financial support for this work was provided by the Next-Generation Bio-Green-21 program (No. PJ008055), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea. Authors would like to appreciate Dr. Kangjin Lee, Dr. Sukwon Kang and Mr. Changyeun Mo in RDA, Republic of Korea for helping us to use Raman spectroscopy. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 185 BP 694 EP 700 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2013.04.103 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 179HD UT WOS:000321509600093 ER PT J AU Williamson, JM AF Williamson, James M. TI Estimating the Effects of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 on the Home Health Care Use of the Dually Eligible: A Natural Experiments Approach SO SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Dually eligible; home health care; utilization; count data models ID STATE POLICY; MEDICARE; PROGRAMS; SERVICES; IMPACT AB This research examines the use of home health agency services used by older adults after the implementation of changes to Medicare's payment scheme mandated by the Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997. The objective of this study is to identify differential effects the BBA may have had on home health service use between dually eligible and Medicare-only beneficiaries. The results of this study suggest that although dually eligible and Medicare-only beneficiaries experienced a substantial decline in home health service use, the dually eligible had a relatively larger decline. Following the BBA, the dually eligible had more office-based physician visits but fewer inpatient hospital days, relative to the Medicare-only population. Finally, the author estimates cost savings to Medicare due to the BBA to be $1 billion in the 2 years following the legislation, whereas Medicaid programs shouldered a larger percentage of the home health service bill. C1 [Williamson, James M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Econ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Williamson, JM (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM jwilliamson@ers.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1937-1918 J9 SOC WORK PUBLIC HLTH JI Soc. Work Public Health PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 28 IS 5 BP 463 EP 476 DI 10.1080/19371918.2011.592046 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work GA 176RG UT WOS:000321321200001 PM 23805802 ER PT J AU Shwiff, S Aenishaenslin, C Ludwig, A Berthiaume, P Bigras-Poulin, M Kirkpatrick, K Lambert, L Belanger, D AF Shwiff, S. Aenishaenslin, C. Ludwig, A. Berthiaume, P. Bigras-Poulin, M. Kirkpatrick, K. Lambert, L. Belanger, D. TI Bioeconomic Modelling of Raccoon Rabies Spread Management Impacts in Quebec, Canada SO TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES LA English DT Article DE control strategies; benefit-cost analysis; economic efficiency; disease modelling; rabies virus; raccoons ID POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; VACCINATION PROGRAM; PUBLIC-HEALTH; NEW-YORK; COSTS; BENEFITS; CALIFORNIA; WILDLIFE; ONTARIO; STATES AB Beginning in 2006, point infection control operations and aerial distribution of oral rabies vaccines along the US border were performed in Quebec, Canada, to control the potential spread of raccoon rabies. A benefit-cost analysis assessed the economic efficiency of this rabies control programme into the future. In this study, a mathematical simulation model was used to determine the potential spread of raccoon rabies from the 2006 index case, and incidence rates of human post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), animal testing and human exposure investigations were calculated. Benefits were calculated as the potential savings from reduced numbers of human PEP, animal testing and human exposure investigations owing to control, which ranged from $47 million to $53 million. Programme cost scenarios were based on projections of total expenditures, which ranged from $33 million to $49 million. Economic efficiency was indicated for approximately half of the modelled scenarios, with the greatest benefit-cost ratios resulting from reduced future programme costs. C1 [Shwiff, S.; Kirkpatrick, K.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Aenishaenslin, C.; Ludwig, A.; Berthiaume, P.; Bigras-Poulin, M.; Belanger, D.] Univ Montreal, Fac Med Vet, Grp Rech Epidemiol Zoonoses & Sante Publ, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7C6, Canada. [Aenishaenslin, C.; Bigras-Poulin, M.; Belanger, D.] Univ Montreal, Fac Med Vet, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7C6, Canada. [Ludwig, A.; Berthiaume, P.] Agence Sante Publ Canada, Lab Lutte Zoonoses Alimentaires, St Hyacinthe, PQ, Canada. [Lambert, L.] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Equipe Zoonoses, Longueuil, PQ, Canada. RP Shwiff, S (reprint author), Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA APHIS WS, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM stephanie.a.shwiff@aphis.usda.gov FU government of Quebec; Public Health Agency of Canada FX Funding for this study was provided by the government of Quebec and the Public Health Agency of Canada. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1865-1674 J9 TRANSBOUND EMERG DIS JI Transbound. Emerg. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 60 IS 4 BP 330 EP 337 DI 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2012.01351.x PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 178KT UT WOS:000321447500005 PM 22709550 ER PT J AU Clavijo, A Nikooienejad, A Esfahani, MS Metz, RP Schwartz, S Atashpaz-Gargari, E Deliberto, TJ Lutman, MW Pedersen, K Bazan, LR Koster, LG Jenkins-Moore, M Swenson, SL Zhang, M Beckham, T Johnson, CD Bounpheng, M AF Clavijo, A. Nikooienejad, A. Esfahani, M. S. Metz, R. P. Schwartz, S. Atashpaz-Gargari, E. Deliberto, T. J. Lutman, M. W. Pedersen, K. Bazan, L. R. Koster, L. G. Jenkins-Moore, M. Swenson, S. L. Zhang, M. Beckham, T. Johnson, C. D. Bounpheng, M. TI Identification and Analysis of the First 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus from US Feral Swine SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Pandemic influenza; pH1N1; next generation sequencing; feral swine ID A VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; HUMANS; PIGS; TRANSMISSION; REASSORTMENT; POPULATIONS; EMERGENCE; ALIGNMENT; DISEASES AB The first case of pandemic H1N1 influenza (pH1N1) virus in feral swine in the United States was identified in Texas through the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Wildlife Services' surveillance program. Two samples were identified as pandemic influenza by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Full-genome Sanger sequencing of all eight influenza segments was performed. In addition, Illumina deep sequencing of the original diagnostic samples and their respective virus isolation cultures were performed to assess the feasibility of using an unbiased whole-genome linear target amplification method and multiple sample sequencing in a single Illumina GAIIx lane. Identical sequences were obtained using both techniques. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all gene segments belonged to the pH1N1 (2009) lineage. In conclusion, we have identified the first pH1N1 isolate in feral swine in the United States and have demonstrated the use of an easy unbiased linear amplification method for deep sequencing of multiple samples. C1 [Clavijo, A.; Zhang, M.; Beckham, T.; Bounpheng, M.] Texas Vet Med Diagnost Labs, College Stn, TX USA. [Nikooienejad, A.; Esfahani, M. S.; Metz, R. P.; Schwartz, S.; Atashpaz-Gargari, E.; Johnson, C. D.] Texas AgriLife Res, College Stn, TX USA. [Deliberto, T. J.; Lutman, M. W.; Pedersen, K.] USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bazan, L. R.] USDA, San Diego, TX USA. [Koster, L. G.; Jenkins-Moore, M.; Swenson, S. L.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Clavijo, A (reprint author), Pan Amer Hlth Org, Av Presidente Kennedy,7778,Duque de Caxias, BR-25040004 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM aclavijo@paho.org OI Johnson, Charles/0000-0003-3892-7082 NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 60 IS 5 BP 327 EP 335 DI 10.1111/zph.12006 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 181KJ UT WOS:000321666200002 PM 22978260 ER PT J AU Gregoric, DEG Beltramino, AA Vogler, RE Cuezzo, MG Nunez, V Gomes, SR Virgillito, M Miquel, SE AF Gutierrez Gregoric, Diego E. Beltramino, Ariel A. Vogler, Roberto E. Cuezzo, Maria G. Nunez, Veronica Gomes, Suzete R. Virgillito, Marisol Miquel, Sergio E. TI First records of four exotic slugs in Argentina SO AMERICAN MALACOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Lehmannia valentiana; Deroceras invadens; Arion intermedius; Meghimatium pictum; molecular phylogenetic analyses ID ARION-INTERMEDIUS GASTROPODA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PULMONATA PHILOMYCIDAE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; LARGE PHYLOGENIES; NATURAL-HISTORY; LAND SNAILS; STYLOMMATOPHORA; SEQUENCES; MOLLUSKS AB This paper reports for the first time the occurrence of four exotic terrestrial slug species in Argentina: Lehmannia valentiana (Ferussac, 1823) (Limacidae), Deroceras invadens Reise et al. 2011 (Agriolimacidae), Arion intermedius Normand, 1852 (Arionidae) and Meghimatium pictum (Stolyczka, 1873) (Philomycidae). The study is based on specimens deposited in museums in Argentina. Both the morphologic characteristics and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene sequences were used to identify the exotic species. Phylogenetic analyses were also carried out in order to explore the location of their origins. Lehmannia valentiana had the oldest records and has been widely distributed in Argentina. Deroceras invadens and A. intermedius were found to be restricted to the southern portion of the country. Meghimatium pictum was recorded in the northwest and northeast Argentina, and the DNA sequences analyzed from this species were more closely related to specimens from the west of the Strait of Taiwan. A determination of the origin of the other species was impossible because either the sequences analyzed grouped with samples from different geographical origins or only few sequences were available for comparison. In view of the invasive potential of these slug species, the present work provides new and potentially useful DNA sequence data obtained from morphologically-confirmed specimens. Information provided from these analyses should assist in making a rapid identification of these exotic slugs by nonspecialists and governmental authorities who are responsible for managing and controlling the presence of exotic species. C1 [Gutierrez Gregoric, Diego E.; Beltramino, Ariel A.; Vogler, Roberto E.; Nunez, Veronica] Univ Nacl La Plata, Div Zool Invertebrados, Museo La Plata, Fac Ciencias Nat & Museo, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Gutierrez Gregoric, Diego E.; Vogler, Roberto E.; Cuezzo, Maria G.; Nunez, Veronica; Miquel, Sergio E.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Beltramino, Ariel A.] ANPCyT, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Cuezzo, Maria G.] Univ Nacl Tucuman, Fac Ciencias Nat, Inst Biodiversidad Neotrop, RA-4000 San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Gomes, Suzete R.] Acad Nat Sci, Natl Malacol Lab, USDA APHIS PPQ NIS, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Virgillito, Marisol; Miquel, Sergio E.] Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Div Invertebrados, RA-1405 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Gregoric, DEG (reprint author), Univ Nacl La Plata, Div Zool Invertebrados, Museo La Plata, Fac Ciencias Nat & Museo, Paseo Bosque S-N,B1900WFA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. EM dieguty@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar OI Beltramino, Ariel/0000-0002-0052-6710; Gutierrez Gregoric, Diego Eduardo /0000-0002-8001-1062; Vogler, Roberto/0000-0001-9660-552X FU National Agency of Scientific Promotion; CONICET [BID-PICT-2008-0233, 2008-2042, PIP 2010-0080] FX This study was financially supported by National Agency of Scientific Promotion and CONICET (BID-PICT-2008-0233 and 2008-2042; PIP 2010-0080). The authors would like to thank L. Semenas, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche (Universidad Nacional del Sur), for the donation of the material from southern Argentina. MGC would like to acknowledge the Argentine National Park Agency, which provided several working permits within the conservation areas, for their support while collecting in southern parks. Finally, the authors are grateful to Dr. Donald F. Haggerty, a retired scientist and native English speaker, for editing the final version of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MALACOLOGICAL SOC, INC PI WILMINGTON PA DELAWARE MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY, BOX 3937, WILMINGTON, DE 19807-0937 USA SN 0740-2783 EI 2162-2698 J9 AM MALACOL BULL JI Am. Malacol. Bull. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 31 IS 2 BP 245 EP 256 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA AK9TP UT WOS:000338770400004 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T Buday, R Thompson, D Lyons, EJ Lu, AS Baranowski, J AF Baranowski, Tom Buday, Richard Thompson, Debbe Lyons, Elizabeth J. Lu, Amy Shirong Baranowski, Janice TI Developing Games for Health Behavior Change: Getting Started SO GAMES FOR HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Many investigators are considering developing videogames for health (video-G4Hs) but have questions about how to get started. This report provides guidance for investigators considering a G4H as a behavioral intervention procedure from a team of experienced G4H developers. Thirteen commonly asked questions are answered, including defining a G4H, considerations in developing a team, considerations in G4H design, and anticipating unintended consequences. C1 [Baranowski, Tom; Thompson, Debbe; Baranowski, Janice] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Buday, Richard] Archimage, Houston, TX USA. [Lyons, Elizabeth J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Translat Sci, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Lu, Amy Shirong] Northwestern Univ, Dept Commun Studies, Sch Commun, Evanston, IL USA. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tbaranow@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222; Lu, Amy Shirong/0000-0002-8230-9049; Lyons, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1695-2236 FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000071]; NCI NIH HHS [R21 CA158917, R21 CA140670]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK091254] NR 77 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2161-783X EI 2161-7856 J9 GAMES HEALTH J JI Games Health J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 2 IS 4 BP 183 EP 190 DI 10.1089/g4h.2013.0048 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA V40ZA UT WOS:000209515300001 PM 24443708 ER PT J AU Beltran, A Li, R Ater, J Baranowski, J Buday, R Thompson, D Chandra, J Baranowski, T AF Beltran, Alicia Li, Rhea Ater, Joann Baranowski, Janice Buday, Richard Thompson, Debbe Chandra, Joya Baranowski, Tom TI Adapting a Videogame to the Needs of Pediatric Cancer Patients and Survivors SO GAMES FOR HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Objective: This study assessed whether two serious videogames, "Escape from Diab'' (Diab) and "Nanoswarm: Invasion from Inner Space'' (Nano) (both from Archimage, Inc., Houston, TX) shown to effect change in healthy children's diet and possibly physical activity are acceptable for obesity prevention among pediatric cancer patients and survivors at high risk of obesity. Patients and Methods: Pediatric (9-12-year-old) cancer patients and survivors (n = 28) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Group A, watched film adaptations of both game stories and played the first two episodes of each game; Group B, played all of Diab; or Group C, played all of Nano. Qualitative interviews about what the children liked and didn't like and what should be changed were conducted midway and at the end of each group's participation. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Pediatric cancer patients and survivors enjoyed playing both games. Two themes emerged to guide future modifications of the game: Three patients reported difficulty with the energy balance and meal selection portion of Nano, and four patients stated endings showing a character dying made them sad. Conclusions: Two serious videogames designed to promote healthier diet and increased physical activity among healthy children were also found to be acceptable by pediatric cancer patients and survivors. Easier options needed to be programmed into energy balance games in Nano. To avoid possible emotional reactions, such as sadness, Nano's ending will be revised so that a character does not die from his affliction. Minor changes will be made in other gameplay mechanics and storylines to meet target audience needs and preferences. C1 [Beltran, Alicia; Baranowski, Janice; Thompson, Debbe; Baranowski, Tom] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Li, Rhea] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Childrens Canc Hosp, Pediat Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ater, Joann] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Childrens Canc Hosp, Div Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Buday, Richard] Archimage, Houston, TX USA. [Chandra, Joya] Univ Texas Houston, Grad Sch Biomed Sci Houston, Houston, TX USA. RP Beltran, A (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM abeltran@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2161-783X EI 2161-7856 J9 GAMES HEALTH J JI Games Health J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 2 IS 4 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1089/g4h.2013.0018 PG 9 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA V40ZA UT WOS:000209515300004 PM 26192225 ER PT J AU Jurjevic, Z Peterson, SW Solfrizzo, M Peraica, M AF Jurjevic, Zeljko Peterson, Stephen W. Solfrizzo, Michele Peraica, Maja TI Sterigmatocystin production by nine newly described Aspergillus species in section Versicolores grown on two different media SO MYCOTOXIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sterigmatocystin; Mycotoxins; Aspergillus; Indoor environment AB Nine recently described Aspergillus species and four known species in section Versicolores were tested for their ability to produce sterigmatocystin on two liquid media, Czapek w/20% Sucrose Broth and Yeast Extract Broth grown in the dark for 1 week at 25 degrees C. Detection and quantification of ST were performed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry. Limit of detection was 3 ng/mL and limit of quantification was 10 ng/mL. Nine newly described Aspergillus species from various substrates, A. amoenus, A. creber, A. cvjetkovicii, A. fructus, A. jensenii, A. puulaauensis, A. subversicolor, A. tennesseensis and A. venenatus in section Versicolores were found to produce sterigmatocystin. Production was confirmed in recently collected isolates of A. protuberus and A. versicolor. A. austroafricanus and A. tabacinus did not produce sterigmatocystin. C1 [Jurjevic, Zeljko] EMSL Analyt Inc, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Solfrizzo, Michele] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod ISPA, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Peraica, Maja] Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Toxicol Unit, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. RP Jurjevic, Z (reprint author), EMSL Analyt Inc, 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA. EM zjurjevic@emsl.com FU EMSL Analytical, Inc., USA FX This research has been supported by EMSL Analytical, Inc., USA. The authors thank Patrick Sasso for valuable technical support. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the United States Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0178-7888 EI 1867-1632 J9 MYCOTOXIN RES JI Mycotoxin Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 29 IS 3 BP 141 EP 145 DI 10.1007/s12550-013-0160-4 PG 5 WC Mycology; Toxicology SC Mycology; Toxicology GA V40TI UT WOS:000209500500003 PM 23417508 ER PT J AU Spooner, DM Knapp, S AF Spooner, D. M. Knapp, S. TI Solanum stipuloideum Rusby, the Correct Name for Solanum circaeifolium Bitter SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Potato; Solanum capsicibaccatum; Solanum circaeifolium; Solanum soestii; Solanum stipuloideum; Taxonomy ID POTATOES AB Solanum L. section Petota Dumort., which includes the cultivated potato (S. tuberosum L.) and its wild relatives, has been the subject of intensive taxonomic research in the last 25 years. The last comprehensive taxonomic treatment by Hawkes (1990) recognized seven cultivated and 225 wild species, yet the latest estimate is four cultivated and about 100 wild species. These changes have all involved synonymy of preexisting names, but our intensive nomenclatural research in the mega-diverse Solanum (1000+ species) revealed a name, Solanum stipuloideum Rusby, that is the earlier valid name for the species long known as Solanum circaeifolium Bitter. Because this latter name is frequently used in the literature we here present a taxonomic treatment of S. stipuloideum with complete synonymy in order to clarify nomenclature and species circumscription for this common species; this study also highlights the value of genus-wide taxonomic treatments. C1 [Spooner, D. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA,ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Knapp, S.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA,ARS, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov RI Knapp, Sandra/A-4856-2011 OI Knapp, Sandra/0000-0001-7698-3945 FU National Science Foundation Planetary Biodivesity Inventory Program [NSF DEB 0316614] FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation Planetary Biodivesity Inventory Program (NSF DEB 0316614). We thank Alan Whittemore and two unnamed reviewers for review. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 90 IS 4 BP 301 EP 305 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9304-5 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 175EH UT WOS:000321212700001 ER PT J AU Chung, YS Goeser, NJ Cai, XK Jansky, S AF Chung, Yong Suk Goeser, Nicholas J. Cai, Xingkui Jansky, Shelley TI The Effect of Long Term Storage on Bacterial Soft Rot Resistance in Potato SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bacterial soft rot (Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp Carotovorum); Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.); Cultivars; Long term storage ID CAROTOVORA SUBSP ATROSEPTICA; TUBER SUSCEPTIBILITY; SUGAR CONTENT; SLICE METHOD; ERWINIA; CALCIUM; CULTIVARS; POTASSIUM; SEVERITY AB Bacterial soft rot is a serious disease in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), causing rapid tuber tissue maceration and, consequently, marketable yield loss. Soft rot bacteria, including Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pbc), are favored by moist conditions, which are prevalent in large potato storage facilities. However, although most potatoes in North America are stored before use, there are no published surveys of soft rot resistance in cultivars exposed to long-term storage conditions. Thus, we tested 65 cultivars and 13 breeding lines for soft rot resistance after 6 months of storage. There was a significant effect of cultivar and production environment on soft rot resistance score. During 6 months of storage, tuber soft rot resistance in resistant clones did not change, while it changed in susceptible clones. The three most resistant cultivars to soft rot were Freedom Russet, Anett, and Alaska Red Eye. C1 [Chung, Yong Suk; Jansky, Shelley] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Goeser, Nicholas J.] Alsum Farms & Produce Inc, Arena, WI 53503 USA. [Cai, Xingkui] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Hort & Forestry, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Jansky, Shelley] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jansky, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shelley.jansky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NRI [2009-55605-05219] FX We thank Emily Heenan for assisting with disease screening and Andy Hamernik for providing the tubers for this study. Partial funding was provided by USDA-NRI Grant 2009-55605-05219. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 90 IS 4 BP 351 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9311-6 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 175EH UT WOS:000321212700007 ER PT J AU Kati, A Shufran, KA Taylor, MS Barjadze, S Eastop, VF Blackman, RL Harrington, R AF Kati, Amalia Shufran, Kevin A. Taylor, Mark S. Barjadze, Shalva Eastop, Victor F. Blackman, Roger L. Harrington, Richard TI Identity of Schizaphis species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the United Kingdom: are they a threat to crops? SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Schizaphis agrostis; graminum; holci; greenbug; biotype; genetic diversity; life history; morphometrics; suction traps ID ROTHAMSTED INSECT SURVEY; GREENBUG HOMOPTERA; CEREAL APHIDS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; MORPHOMETRIC VARIATION; BIOTYPES; RESISTANCE; DYNAMICS; WHEAT AB The greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), is a major pest of cereals in some parts of the world and is of particular concern because it can be resistant to some insecticides and overcome the resistance of crops. In the UK, it has never been found on crops, but two rather little-known and closely-related species (Schizaphis holci and Schizaphis agrostis) are associated with the wild grasses, Holcus lanatus and Agrostis stolonifera. Since 1987, winged (alate) aphids morphologically resembling the greenbug have been found in increasing numbers in 12.2 m high suction-trap samples of the Rothamsted Insect Survey (RIS); hence, studies were undertaken to establish their identity. Clones (=asexual lineages) established from populations collected from H. lanatus in southern England showed strong preference for Holcus over Agrostis and Hordeum in laboratory tests and produced sexual morphs when transferred to short-day conditions, the males being apterous, as expected for S. holci. Multivariate morphometric comparisons of alatae caught in UK RIS suction traps in 2007 and 2011 with named specimens from museum collections, including S. graminum from many countries, indicated that the suction-trapped alatae were mostly S. agrostis and S. holci. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mtDNA obtained from 62 UK specimens from suction-traps had 95.4-100% sequence identity with US specimens of S. graminum. Two of the UK specimens had identical COI sequence to the US sorghum-adapted form of S. graminum, and these specimens also had 100% identity with a 640bp fragment of nDNACytC, indicating that this form of S. graminum may already be present in the UK. Present and future economic implications of these results are discussed. C1 [Kati, Amalia; Taylor, Mark S.; Harrington, Richard] Rothamsted Res, Dept AgroEcol, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Shufran, Kevin A.] USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Barjadze, Shalva] Agr Univ Georgia, Entomol & Biocontrol Res Ctr, GE-0131 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Eastop, Victor F.; Blackman, Roger L.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. RP Harrington, R (reprint author), Rothamsted Res, Dept AgroEcol, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. EM richard.harrington@rothamsted.ac.uk FU USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement; Rothamsted International Fellowship scheme; BBSRC FX Barbara Driskel (USDA-ARS) conducted the DNA extraction, PCR and DNA purification. We thank Paul Brown (NHML) for the loan of specimens and Hugh Loxdale for his helpful comments on the manuscript. A. K. was supported by a USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement to Rothamsted Research. S. B. was supported by the Rothamsted International Fellowship scheme. The Rothamsted Insect Survey is a BBSRC-supported National Capability. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 18 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-4853 J9 B ENTOMOL RES JI Bull. Entomol. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 103 IS 4 BP 425 EP 440 DI 10.1017/S0007485312000909 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 168HP UT WOS:000320696800006 PM 23458881 ER PT J AU Van Gosen, BS Blitz, TA Plumlee, GS Meeker, GP Pierson, MP AF Van Gosen, Bradley S. Blitz, Thomas A. Plumlee, Geoffrey S. Meeker, Gregory P. Pierson, M. Patrick TI Geologic occurrences of erionite in the United States: an emerging national public health concern for respiratory disease SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Erionite; Fibrous; Carcinogen; United States; Environmental; Occurrences ID MESOTHELIOMA EPIDEMIC; ZEOLITES OFFRETITE; HYDROLOGIC SYSTEMS; TURKISH VILLAGES; SERIES MINERALS; EXPOSURE; TURKEY; NEVADA; MORDENITE; REGION AB Erionite, a mineral series within the zeolite group, is classified as a Group 1 known respiratory carcinogen. This designation resulted from extremely high incidences of mesothelioma discovered in three small villages from the Cappadocia region of Turkey, where the disease was linked to environmental exposures to fibrous forms of erionite. Natural deposits of erionite, including fibrous forms, have been identified in the past in the western United States. Until recently, these occurrences have generally been overlooked as a potential hazard. In the last several years, concerns have emerged regarding the potential for environmental and occupational exposures to erionite in the United States, such as erionite-bearing gravels in western North Dakota mined and used to surface unpaved roads. As a result, there has been much interest in identifying locations and geologic environments across the United States where erionite occurs naturally. A 1996 U.S. Geological Survey report describing erionite occurrences in the United States has been widely cited as a compilation of all US erionite deposits; however, this compilation only focused on one of several geologic environments in which erionite can form. Also, new occurrences of erionite have been identified in recent years. Using a detailed literature survey, this paper updates and expands the erionite occurrences database, provided in a supplemental file (US_erionite.xls). Epidemiology, public health, and natural hazard studies can incorporate this information on known erionite occurrences and their characteristics. By recognizing that only specific geologic settings and formations are hosts to erionite, this knowledge can be used in developing management plans designed to protect the public. C1 [Van Gosen, Bradley S.; Blitz, Thomas A.; Plumlee, Geoffrey S.; Meeker, Gregory P.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Pierson, M. Patrick] US Forest Serv, Billings, MT 59105 USA. RP Van Gosen, BS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM bvangose@usgs.gov OI Van Gosen, Bradley/0000-0003-4214-3811 NR 58 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-4042 J9 ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH JI Environ. Geochem. Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 35 IS 4 BP 419 EP 430 DI 10.1007/s10653-012-9504-9 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources GA 175ON UT WOS:000321240100001 PM 23315055 ER PT J AU Brockerhoff, EG Jactel, H Parrotta, JA Ferraz, SFB AF Brockerhoff, Eckehard G. Jactel, Herve Parrotta, John A. Ferraz, Silvio F. B. TI Role of eucalypt and other planted forests in biodiversity conservation and the provision of biodiversity-related ecosystem services SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Eucalyptus; Brazil; Plantation forest; Deforestation; Afforestation; Reforestation ID MIXED-SPECIES PLANTATIONS; NEW-ZEALAND; ATLANTIC FOREST; DEFORESTATION; PRODUCTIVITY; DIVERSITY; LANDSCAPES; SUCCESSION; AUSTRALIA; SECONDARY AB Forests provide important habitat for much of the world's biodiversity, and the continuing global deforestation is one of our greatest environmental concerns. Planted forests represent an increasing proportion of the global forest area and partly compensate for the loss of natural forest in terms of forest area, habitat for biodiversity and ecological function. At current rates, over 30% of the remaining natural forest area will be lost by the end of the century and planted forests would then represent over 20% of the total forest area. This places a greater demand on planted forests to contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and their provision of biodiversity-dependent ecosystem services. We reviewed recent trends of deforestation, afforestation and reforestation to evaluate the effects on forest biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services. We placed particular emphasis on eucalypt plantations which continue to expand in numerous countries, especially in Brazil where rapid plantation expansion is creating the largest area of cultivated eucalypt forest worldwide. While government policies to associate plantation establishment with the protection and restoration of natural forests appear to be effective in the highly fragmented Atlantic forest, deforestation continues in Amazonia, mainly due to forest conversion associated with agricultural expansion. We conclude by reviewing methods for conserving biodiversity in planted forests at the stand- and landscape scales and with a view to enhancing the provision of biodiversity-related ecosystem services. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.] Scion New Zealand Forest Res Inst, Christchurch 8540, New Zealand. [Jactel, Herve] INRA, UMR BIOGECO, Lab Forest Entomol & Biodivers, F-33612 Cestas, France. [Parrotta, John A.] US Forest Serv, Res & Dev, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Ferraz, Silvio F. B.] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Luiz Queiroz Coll Agr, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Jactel, Herve] INRA, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33610 Cestas, France. [Jactel, Herve] Univ Bordeaux, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33400 Talence, France. RP Brockerhoff, EG (reprint author), Scion New Zealand Forest Res Inst, POB 29237, Christchurch 8540, New Zealand. EM eckehard.brockerhoff@scionresearch.com RI Ferraz, Silvio/C-8851-2012; Brockerhoff, Eckehard/C-1528-2009 OI Ferraz, Silvio/0000-0003-1808-5420; Brockerhoff, Eckehard/0000-0002-5962-3208 FU New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation FX This review was partly funded by the New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation through core funding to Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute). We thank the organisers of the IUFRO 2011 conference in Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil, for the invitation to contribute to the conference. NR 64 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 9 U2 131 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 301 SI SI BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.09.018 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 165LI UT WOS:000320485000005 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Buck, BJ Soukup, DA Merkler, DJ AF Williams, Amanda J. Buck, Brenda J. Soukup, Deborah A. Merkler, Douglas J. TI Geomorphic controls on biological soil crust distribution: A conceptual model from the Mojave Desert (USA) SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological soil crust; Soil-geomorphology; Pedogenesis; Vesicular (Av) horizon; Ecology; Biogeomorphology ID CIMA-VOLCANIC-FIELD; QUATERNARY CLIMATIC CHANGES; NEGEV-DESERT; TRAMPLING DISTURBANCE; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; PEDOGENIC PROCESSES; MICROBIOTIC CRUSTS; COLORADO PLATEAU; SOUTHERN NEVADA; AIRBORNE DUST AB Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are bio-sedimentary features that play critical geomorphic and ecological roles in arid environments. Extensive mapping, surface characterization, GIS overlays, and statistical analyses explored relationships among BSCs, geomorphology, and soil characteristics in a portion of the Mojave Desert (USA). These results were used to develop a conceptual model that explains the spatial distribution of BSCs. In this model, geologic and geomorphic processes control the ratio of fine sand to rocks, which constrains the development of three surface cover types and biogeomorphic feedbacks across intermontane basins. (1) Cyanobacteria crusts grow where abundant fine sand and negligible rocks form saltating sand sheets. Cyanobacteria facilitate moderate sand sheet activity that reduces growth potential of mosses and lichens. (2) Extensive tall moss-lichen pinnacled crusts are favored on early to late Holocene surfaces composed of mixed rock and fine sand. Moss-lichen crusts induce a dust capture feedback mechanism that promotes further crust propagation and forms biologically-mediated vesicular (Av) horizons. The presence of thick biogenic vesicular horizons supports the interpretation that BSCs are long-lived surface features. (3) Low to moderate density moss-lichen crusts grow on early Holocene and older geomorphic surfaces that display high rock cover and negligible surficial fine sand. Desert pavement processes and abiotic vesicular horizon formation dominate these surfaces and minimize bioturbation potential. The biogeomorphic interactions that sustain these three surface cover trajectories support unique biological communities and soil conditions, thereby sustaining ecological stability. The proposed conceptual model helps predict BSC distribution within intermontane basins to identify biologically sensitive areas, set reference conditions for ecological restoration, and potentially enhance arid landscape models, as scientists address impacts of climate change and anthropogenic disturbances. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Williams, Amanda J.; Buck, Brenda J.; Soukup, Deborah A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Williams, Amanda J.] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Merkler, Douglas J.] USDA NRCS, Las Vegas, NV 89120 USA. RP Williams, AJ (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM mandy.williams@unlv.edu FU Bureau of Land Management [FAA080005]; UNLV Urban Sustainability Initiative Fellowship Program [DOE DE-FG02-08ER64709, DOE DE-EE-0000716]; NSF-Nevada EPSCor; SEPHAS Fellowship Program (NSF-EPSCor RING-TRUE III) [0447416]; Farouk El-Baz Student Research Grant Program; Geological Society of America Student Grant Program; ExxonMobil Student Research Grant Program; UNLV Geoscience Scholarship Program; Bernada French Scholarship; UNLV Adams/GPSA Scholarship FX We sincerely appreciate the input, time, resources, and advice provided by Yuanxin Teng (UNLV Environmental Soil Analysis Laboratory), Mengesha Beyene, Scott Abella, John Brinda, Jayne Belnap, Ben Williams, Kyle House, Brett McLaurin, John Egelin, Seth Page, Henry Sun, Sarah Peterson, Bob Boyd, and Cathy Willey. Funding was provided by the Bureau of Land Management (task agreement FAA080005), UNLV Urban Sustainability Initiative Fellowship Program (DOE DE-FG02-08ER64709 and DOE DE-EE-0000716), NSF-Nevada EPSCor, SEPHAS Fellowship Program (NSF-EPSCor RING-TRUE III, grant no. 0447416), Farouk El-Baz Student Research Grant Program, Geological Society of America Student Grant Program, ExxonMobil Student Research Grant Program, UNLV Geoscience Scholarship Program, Bernada French Scholarship, and UNLV Adams/GPSA Scholarship. Thanks to the two anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved this manuscript. NR 90 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 195 BP 99 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.04.031 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 173MY UT WOS:000321084800008 ER PT J AU McWethy, DB Higuera, PE Whitlock, C Veblen, TT Bowman, DMJS Cary, GJ Haberle, SG Keane, RE Maxwell, BD McGlone, MS Perry, GLW Wilmshurst, JM Holz, A Tepley, AJ AF McWethy, D. B. Higuera, P. E. Whitlock, C. Veblen, T. T. Bowman, D. M. J. S. Cary, G. J. Haberle, S. G. Keane, R. E. Maxwell, B. D. McGlone, M. S. Perry, G. L. W. Wilmshurst, J. M. Holz, A. Tepley, A. J. TI A conceptual framework for predicting temperate ecosystem sensitivity to human impacts on fire regimes SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Review DE Biome sensitivity; climate; fire regimes; global change; human impacts; tipping points ID ALTERNATIVE STABLE STATES; NEW-ZEALAND; SOUTH-AMERICA; NATIONAL-PARK; LANDSCAPE TRANSFORMATION; HOLOCENE VEGETATION; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; NORTHERN PATAGONIA; FUEGO-PATAGONIA; WESTERN OREGON AB Aim The increased incidence of large fires around much of the world in recent decades raises questions about human and non-human drivers of fire and the likelihood of increased fire activity in the future. The purpose of this paper is to outline a conceptual framework for examining where human-set fires and feedbacks are likely to be most pronounced in temperate forests world-wide and to establish and test a methodology for evaluating this framework using palaeoecological records. Location Tasmania, north-western USA, southern South America and New Zealand. Methods We outline a conceptual framework for predicting the sensitivity of ecosystems to human impacts on fire regimes and then use a circum-Pacific comparison of existing historical reconstructions of fire, climate, human settlement and vegetation to evaluate this approach. Results Previous research investigating important controls on fire activity shows that the sensitivity of temperate ecosystems to human-set fires is modulated by the frequency of natural fire occurrence, fuel moisture and fuel type and availability. Palaeoecological data from four temperate regions suggest that the effects of anthropogenic burning are greatest where fire is naturally rare, vegetation is poorly adapted to fire and fuel biomass is abundant and contiguous. Alternatively, where fire activity is naturally high and vegetation is well adapted to fire, evidence of human influence on fire and vegetation is less obvious. Main conclusions Palaeofire records suggest that the most dynamic and persistent ecosystem transitions occur where human activities increase landscape flammability through fire-vegetation feedbacks. Rapid forest transitions in biomassrich ecosystems such as New Zealand and areas of Tasmania and southern South America illustrate how landscapes experiencing few fires can shift past tipping points to become fire-prone landscapes with new alternative stable state communities. Comparisons of palaeoecological data from different regions with similar biophysical gradients but different human settlement histories can provide new opportunities for understanding ecosystem vulnerability to fire-climate-human interactions. C1 [McWethy, D. B.; Whitlock, C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Higuera, P. E.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Whitlock, C.] Montana State Univ, Inst Ecosyst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Veblen, T. T.; Tepley, A. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bowman, D. M. J. S.; Holz, A.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Plant Sci, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Cary, G. J.] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Haberle, S. G.] Australian Natl Univ, Ctr Archaeol Res, Dept Archaeol & Nat Hist, Coll Asia & Pacific, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Keane, R. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Modeling Inst, Missoula, MT USA. [Maxwell, B. D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [McGlone, M. S.] Landcare Res, Dept Biodivers & Conservat, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. [Perry, G. L. W.] Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Perry, G. L. W.] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Wilmshurst, J. M.] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. RP McWethy, DB (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM dmcwethy@montana.edu RI Higuera, Philip/B-1330-2010; Wilmshurst, Janet/C-2209-2009; OI Higuera, Philip/0000-0001-5396-9956; Wilmshurst, Janet/0000-0002-4474-8569; Haberle, Simon/0000-0001-5802-6535 FU National Science Foundation [OISE-0966472, BCS-1024413, BCS-0956552]; Australian Research Council [DP110101950]; New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology; Royal Society of New Zealand FX This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation Grants OISE-0966472 (D. M., P. H., C. W., T. V., B. M.), BCS-1024413 and BCS-0956552 (D. M., C. W.), Australian Research Council grant DP110101950 (D. B., T. V., C. W.), New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology funding (J.W., M. M.) and Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden funding (M. M., J.W., C. W.). We thank Patrick Bartlein for the suggestion of plotting sites in climate space and helping access the NPP dataset, and Mitch Power for providing access to Version 2 of the Global Charcoal Database. We also appreciate comments from Jed Kaplan and two anonymous referees. NR 71 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 10 U2 101 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 22 IS 8 BP 900 EP 912 DI 10.1111/geb.12038 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 175VQ UT WOS:000321262100001 ER PT J AU Sundaram, J Park, B Kwon, Y AF Sundaram, Jaya Park, Bosoon Kwon, Yongkuk TI Stable Silver/Biopolymer Hybrid Plasmonic Nanostructures for High Performance Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering; Silver Biopolymer Nanoparticle; Substrate; Optical Properties ID CHEMICAL-REDUCTION METHOD; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; DIELECTRIC ENVIRONMENT; EXCITATION WAVELENGTH; METAL NANOPARTICLES; COLLOIDAL SILVER; SPECTROSCOPY; BACTERIA AB Silver/biopolymer nanoparticles were prepared by adding 100 mg silver nitrate to 2% polyvinyl alcohol solution and reduced the silver nitrate using 2% trisodium citrate for high performance Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) substrates. Optical properties of nanoparticle were measured using UV/VIS spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging microscopy. Nanoparticle morphology was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. Substrate reproducibility and repeatability was checked by measuring SERS signals of trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (BPE) and Rhodamine 6G. C1 [Sundaram, Jaya; Park, Bosoon] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kwon, Yongkuk] Anim Plant & Fisheries Quarantine & Inspect Agcy, Anyang, South Korea. RP Sundaram, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. FU USDA/NIFA, USA; National Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Korea FX This work has been funded by the USDA/NIFA, USA and National Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Korea. The authors are gratefully acknowledging their assistance. Authors gratefully acknowledged to Nasreen Bano, who helped to acquire Hyperspectral microscopic images. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 8 BP 5382 EP 5390 DI 10.1166/jnn.2013.7737 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 167KZ UT WOS:000320632200021 PM 23882767 ER PT J AU Srithep, Y Effingham, T Peng, J Sabo, R Clemons, C Turng, LS Pilla, S AF Srithep, Yottha Effingham, Thomas Peng, Jun Sabo, Ronald Clemons, Craig Turng, Lih-Sheng Pilla, Srikanth TI Melt compounding of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/nanofibrillated cellulose nanocomposites SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC); Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanocomposites; Mechanical and thermal properties; Carbon dioxide solubility and foaming; Thermal stability and degradation ID FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; WOOD FIBER; MICROCELLULAR FOAM; NATIVE CELLULOSE; CELL MORPHOLOGY; POLY(HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-HYDROXYVALERATE); CRYSTALLIZATION; MICROFIBRILS; NUCLEATION; BLENDS AB Using natural cellulosic fibers as fillers for biodegradable polymers can result in fully biodegradable composites. In this study, biodegradable nanocomposites were prepared using nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as the reinforcement and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, PHBV) as the polymer matrix. PHBV powder was dispersed in water, mixed with an aqueous suspension of NFC fiber, and freeze-dried. The resulting PHBV/15 wt% NFC was then used as a master batch in a subsequent melt compounding process to produce nanocomposites of various formulations. Its properties such as its mechanical properties, crystallization behavior, solubility of carbon dioxide (CO2), foaming behavior, and thermal stability and degradation of PHBV due to NFC were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the dispersion of NFC fibers. Adding NFC increased the tensile modulus of the PHBV/NFC nanocomposites nearly twofold. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the NFC served as a nucleating agent, promoting the early onset of crystallization. However, high NFC content also led to greater thermal degradation of the PHBV matrix. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed an increase of the storage modulus in the glassy state with increasing NFC content, but a more significant increase in modulus was detected above the glass transition temperature. The solubility of CO2 in the PHBV/NFC nanocomposites decreased and the desorption diffusivity increased as more NFC was added. Finally, the foaming behavior of PHBV/NFC nanocomposites was studied and the addition of NFC was found to inhibit foaming. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Srithep, Yottha] Mahasarakham Univ, Fac Engn, Kantarawichai 44150, Mahasarakham Pr, Thailand. [Srithep, Yottha; Effingham, Thomas; Peng, Jun; Turng, Lih-Sheng; Pilla, Srikanth] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Polymer Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Turng, LS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Polymer Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM turng@engr.wisc.edu RI Peng, Jun/L-3755-2013; OI Ellingham, Thomas/0000-0003-4063-0202 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award [2011-67009-20056] FX The financial support of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award (No. 2011-67009-20056) is gratefully acknowledged in this research. The authors would also like to thank Sara Fishwild of the Forest Products Laboratory for performing the tensile tests, Dr. Rick Reiner of the Forest Products Laboratory for preparing cellulose nanofibers, and Jun Peng for his useful advice. NR 42 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 87 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 98 IS 8 BP 1439 EP 1449 DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.05.006 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 174SP UT WOS:000321176000004 ER PT J AU Cabanillas, HE Jones, WA AF Cabanillas, H. Enrique Jones, Walker A. TI Pathogenicity of Isaria poprawskii (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) against the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), under laboratory conditions SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Entomopathogens; Xylella fastidiosa ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; FALSE-EYE LEAFHOPPER; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; BEMISIA-ARGENTIFOLII; COAGULATA HOMOPTERA; EMPOASCA-VITIS; INSECT PESTS; CITRUS AB The pathogenicity of the newly discovered entomopathogenic fungus species Isaria poprawskii, found during epizootics on Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, was tested against the glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) Takiya, under laboratory conditions (27 +/- 1 degrees C; 75 +/- 5% RH; photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Exposures of nymphs and adults to 500, 1000, and 2000 conidia/mm(2) on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, leaves resulted in insect mortality. Median lethal concentrations for second- (685 conidia/mm(2)) and fourth-instar nymphs (771 conidia/mm2) were similar to those for adults (855 conidia/mm(2)). Virulence, as measured as mean time to death of the GWSS by survival analysis, was different between concentrations within each insect stage. For example, for the second-instar, I. poprawskii was more virulent at high concentrations (4.6 days) than medium (5.4 days) or low (5.5 days) concentrations. Mycosis in sharpshooters occurred at 3-4 days and continued for 8-10 days after spray. This fungus has the ability to immobilize and stop feeding on infected GWSS, which could potentially slow the spread of Pierce's disease. These results indicate that I. poprawskii is pathogenic to H. vitripennis nymphs and adults. Its pathogenicity and virulence against H. vitripennis show that this fungus is a promising biocontrol agent to control the glassy-winged sharpshooter. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cabanillas, H. Enrique] ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Honey Bee Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Jones, Walker A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Cabanillas, HE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Honey Bee Res Unit, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM quique_cabanillas@hotmail.com NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 50 BP 46 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.03.007 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 170BM UT WOS:000320824600009 ER PT J AU Davis, RF Aryal, SK Perry, CD Sullivan, DG Timper, P Ortiz, BV Stevenson, KL Vellidis, G Hawkins, G AF Davis, R. F. Aryal, S. K. Perry, C. D. Sullivan, D. G. Timper, P. Ortiz, B. V. Stevenson, K. L. Vellidis, G. Hawkins, G. TI Utilizing management zones for Rotylenchulus reniformis in cotton: Effects on nematode levels, crop damage, and Pasteuria sp. SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE 1,3-dichloropropene; Aldicarb; Gossypium hirsutum; Reniform nematode; Precision agriculture ID SITE-SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; SOIL TEXTURE; BACTERIAL PARASITE; PENETRANS; DISTRIBUTIONS; DELINEATION; FIELDS AB Nematode management zones (MZs) based on soil electrical conductivity (EC, a proxy for soil texture) have not been published for Rotylenchulus reniformis. We tested 1) whether R. reniformis levels and the amount of damage caused to cotton differed among MZs, 2) if the relative effectiveness of nematicides differed among MZs, and 3) whether the prevalence of Pasteuria sp. on R. reniformis differed among MZs and nematicide treatments. A field was divided into three MZs where MZ3 had sandier soil than MZ1 or MZ2, which were the same, and MZ2 had higher elevation than MZ1 or MZ3, which were the same. Levels of R. reniformis near planting in plots not receiving nematicide averaged 1342 (per 150 cm(3) soil) in 2008, 610 in 2009, and 869 in 2010. Both soil texture and elevation influenced R. reniformis population levels with greater reproduction in finer-textured soil and reduced R. reniformis levels at higher elevation. Treatment effects on R. reniformis levels were the same in all MZs (no MZ x treatment interactions). The effects of texture and elevation on yield were similar to the effects on nematode levels. We observed endospores of Pasteuria sp., a bacterial parasite of nematodes, on R. reniformis at the field site used for this study. Pasteuria sp. generally had greater spore attachment to juvenile R. reniformis than to adults with no differences among MZs in percentage of nematodes with endospores, but the number of spores per nematode was lower in MZ3, which had the greatest sand content. The percentage of R. reniformis with endospores and the number of attached endospores were reduced by 1,3-dichloropropene aldicarb. We documented that R. reniformis levels are affected by modest differences in soil texture and elevation, but levels of R. reniformis were above the action threshold in all MZs, therefore a uniform rate of nematicide would have been recommended and there would have been no cost savings from utilizing MZs in this field. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davis, R. F.; Timper, P.] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Aryal, S. K.; Stevenson, K. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Perry, C. D.; Vellidis, G.; Hawkins, G.] Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dept, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Sullivan, D. G.] TurfScout Inc, Greensboro, NC 27401 USA. [Ortiz, B. V.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Davis, RF (reprint author), ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Richard.Davis@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated; Georgia Cotton Commission FX The authors thank Thomas Hilton, A. Kyle Montfort, David Clements, Gary Murphy, Rodney Hill, and Coby Smith for their technical assistance. We also thank Gordon Lee for on-farm assistance and John Phillips for the use of his farm. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture, the University of Georgia, Auburn University, or TurfScout, Inc. Funding for this project was provided in part by Cotton Incorporated and the Georgia Cotton Commission. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 50 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2013.04.005 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 170BM UT WOS:000320824600010 ER PT J AU Wang, JP An, HZ Jin, ZY Xie, ZJ Zhuang, HN Kim, JM AF Wang, Jin Peng An, Hong Zhou Jin, Zheng Yu Xie, Zheng Jun Zhuang, Hai Ning Kim, Jin Moon TI Emulsifiers and thickeners on extrusion-cooked instant rice product SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE LA English DT Article DE Extrusion cooking; Instant rice; Emulsifier; Thickener; Broken rice; Orthogonal matrix ID TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION; QUICK-COOKING RICE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; WHEAT-FLOUR; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; PROCESSING CONDITIONS; STARCH DIGESTIBILITY; GLYCEMIC RESPONSE; PROCESS VARIABLES; AMYLOSE CONTENT AB Extrusion-cooked instant rice was prepared by optimizing the formulation with emulsifiers, glycerol monostearate (GMS), soybean lecithin (LC), and sodiumstearoyl lactylate (SSL), and thickeners, gum Arabic (GA), sodium alginate (SA), and sticky rice (SR). The emulsifiers addition caused increase of degree of gelatinization (DG), and decrease of water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), alpha-amylase sensitivity, water soluble index (WAI) and adhesive for extrudates, while the thickeners addition increased extrudates DG, bulk density (BD), WSC, alpha-amylase sensitivity, WAI, hydration rate (HR) and adhesiveness. Based on the data generated by a single additive at various levels, optimum formulation was obtained employing orthogonal matrix system with combination of the selected additives for extrusion cooking. Extrudates were evaluated for optimum hydration time followed by drying to prepare the finished product. Texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation indicate that quality of the finished product is equivalent to that of the round shaped rice and superior to a commercial instant rice product. This study also demonstrates possibility of value-added and versatile instant rice product development using broken rice. C1 [Wang, Jin Peng; An, Hong Zhou; Jin, Zheng Yu; Xie, Zheng Jun; Zhuang, Hai Ning] Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jin Peng; An, Hong Zhou; Jin, Zheng Yu; Xie, Zheng Jun; Zhuang, Hai Ning] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Kim, Jin Moon] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Field Operat, Albany, NY 12203 USA. RP Jin, ZY (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jinlab2008@yahoo.com; jin.kim@fsis.usda.gov FU Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation [BK2009069]; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China [SKLF-MB-200804] FX The authors thank the Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation (grant no. BK2009069) and Jiangsu climing plan (BK2008003), we thank the projected supported by State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China (grant no. SKLF-MB-200804), we thank the subject of National Natural Science Foundation (20976070). NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 44 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0022-1155 J9 J FOOD SCI TECH MYS JI J. Food Sci. Technol.-Mysore PD AUG PY 2013 VL 50 IS 4 BP 655 EP 666 DI 10.1007/s13197-011-0400-6 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 157QD UT WOS:000319913200003 PM 24425967 ER PT J AU Clarke, LW Jenerette, GD Davila, A AF Clarke, Lorraine Weller Jenerette, G. Darrel Davila, Antonio TI The luxury of vegetation and the legacy of tree biodiversity in Los Angeles, CA SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Land use; Legacy; Socioeconomics; Climate gradient; Ecosystem services; Landscape ecology ID URBAN ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; PLANT DIVERSITY; WATER-USE; PATTERNS; LANDSCAPE; GARDENS; GREEN; AREAS AB Urban vegetation cover and biodiversity provide ecosystem services to city residents, though the mechanisms affecting managed vegetation cover and biodiversity across varying urban land uses are not well understood. To evaluate competing mechanisms influencing urban vegetation cover and tree biodiversity, we collected data from 350 plots in the City of Los Angeles, CA. Alpha (alpha) and beta (beta) tree biodiversity were quantified using sample based rarefaction curves. Hypotheses of independent climate, land use, luxury and legacy effects were evaluated with residual regression analysis and best models were chosen using AIC. Residential land use had the highest alpha biodiversity at all sampling scales, but the lowest beta diversity, possibly indicating a limited plant pool for managers. Increased median household income was independently related to each type of vegetation cover, supporting a luxury effect. Regression models explaining the most variation in cover also included population density. In contrast, tree species richness was only positively related to housing age, supporting the legacy effect. Median income had no independent effect on tree biodiversity, which contrasts with patterns in other arid cities. However, age and income had an interactive effect. The highest alpha and beta tree diversity were found in old, high-income locations. Managing for ecosystem services provided by vegetation should prioritize low income neighborhoods for increasing cover, while managing for biodiversity should maintain existing diversity in older neighborhoods and encourage new species in newer neighborhoods. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Clarke, Lorraine Weller; Jenerette, G. Darrel] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Davila, Antonio] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Clarke, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM lorraine.clarke@email.ucr.edu; darrel.jenerette@ucr.edu; adavila@fs.fed.us FU US National Science Foundation [DEB 0919006]; U.S. Forest Service; University of California, Riverside FX For logistical and research support, we thank Nancy Grulke, project leader at the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. For help with 2008 field work, we thank Amitava Chatterjee and Lynn Sweet. We also thank Diane Pataki, Tom Gillespie, and Stephanie Pincetl for ongoing discussions. Finally, we thank UC Riverside herbarium director, Andrew Sanders for extensive aid in tree identification. This project was funded by the US National Science Foundation (DEB 0919006), U.S. Forest Service and the University of California, Riverside. NR 68 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 7 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 116 BP 48 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.04.006 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 170FW UT WOS:000320836800005 ER PT J AU Hallman, GJ Arthur, V Blackburn, CM Parker, AG AF Hallman, Guy J. Arthur, Valter Blackburn, Carl M. Parker, Andrew G. TI The case for a generic phytosanitary irradiation dose of 250 Gy for Lepidoptera eggs and larvae SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Quarantine treatment; Phytosanitation; Ionizing radiation; Food irradiation; Insects ID INTERPUNCTELLA HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA; RADIATION QUARANTINE TREATMENTS; FRUIT-FLIES DIPTERA; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; IONIZING-RADIATION; MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; LIFE STAGES; TORTRICIDAE; PYRALIDAE; REPRODUCTION AB The literature on ionizing irradiation of Lepidoptera is critically examined for a dose that could serve as a generic phytosanitary treatment for all eggs and larvae of that order, which contains many quarantine pests that inhibit trade in fresh agricultural commodities. The measure of efficacy used in deriving this dose is the prevention of emergence of normal-looking adults that are assumed not able to fly. A dose of 250 Gy is supported by many studies comprising 34 species in 11 lepidopteran families, including those of significant quarantine importance. Two studies with two different species found that doses > 250 Gy were necessary, but both of these are contradicted by other studies showing that < 250 Gy is adequate. There is a lack of large-scale ( > 10,000 individuals) testing for families other than Tortricidae (the most important quarantine family in the Lepidoptera). Because several large-scale studies have been done with tortricids a dose of 250 Gy could be justifiable for Tortricidae if it is not acceptable for the entire Lepidoptera at this time. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Arthur, Valter] Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Blackburn, Carl M.; Parker, Andrew G.] IAEA, Joint FAO IAEA Programme Nucl Tech Food & Agr, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. RP Hallman, GJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Stored Prod Insect Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM Guy.Hallman@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 BP 70 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.03.046 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 169AU UT WOS:000320750100011 ER PT J AU Kuhn, KL Duan, JJ Hopper, KR AF Kuhn, Kristen L. Duan, Jian J. Hopper, Keith R. TI Next-generation genome sequencing and assembly provides tools for phylogenetics and identification of closely related species of Spathius, parasitoids of Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Spathius; Amplicon length polymorphisms; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Phylogeny ID NEES HYMENOPTERA-BRACONIDAE; RUSSIAN FAR-EAST; COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MARKERS; CONSERVATION; POPULATION; DORYCTINAE; DISCOVERY; SNPS AB The ability to identify natural enemy species unequivocally is a crucial part of biological control by introductions. Such identification is often difficult for insect parasitoids, where cryptic species are often involved. However, recent advances in next-generation DNA sequencing allow whole-genome analysis of non-model species for the discovery of molecular polymorphisms that provide ample evidence to distinguish populations and species. We sequenced the genomes of four closely related species in the genus Spathius that are parasitoids of the invasive emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis. These include Spathius agrili, which has already been introduced in to the USA from China against A. planipennis, Spathius galinae, a recently discovered species from the Russian Far East that is being evaluated for introduction against A. planipennis, and Spathius floridanus and Spathius sp. (undescribed), which are native to North America. Using the Illumina HiSeq technology, we sequenced the whole genomes of each species and made draft de novo assemblies of the genomes which were 147-213 million nucleotides long with 58-96 fold coverage. A random sample of 1000 contigs from the assembled genomes harbored 150-550 thousand single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or 1-2.8 SNPs per kilobase that were fixed differences between these species. Using these SNPs, we developed a molecular phylogeny for the four species, which showed that the undescribed Spathius species from the USA is most closely related to S. floridanus, and S. galinae is most closely related to S. agrili. Taking advantage of insertion/deletions that differed among species, we developed primers for 10 loci that differed in amplicon length on 10 different contigs. All loci with putative indels amplified for all species with the primers we designed, although amplicon fragment lengths for about half the species/locus combinations did not match the expected lengths. Nevertheless, four of loci gave amplicons with fixed length differences between these species. One primer pair alone can distinguish all four species, providing a simple, rapid, inexpensive PCR/gel-based identification of these Spathius species as larvae and adults. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kuhn, Kristen L.; Duan, Jian J.; Hopper, Keith R.] USDA ARS BIIR, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Hopper, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS BIIR, 501 S Chapel St, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM Keith.Hopper@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry [11-1A-11420004-027] FX Jonathan Lolito collected Spathius agrili in China and the undescribed Spathius species in the US. This research was supported in part by the USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry under Agreement No. 11-1A-11420004-027. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 50 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD AUG PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 77 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.04.004 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 167WR UT WOS:000320666600001 ER PT J AU Morris, C Morris, LR Leffler, AJ Collins, CDH Forman, AD Weltz, MA Kitchen, SG AF Morris, C. Morris, L. R. Leffler, A. J. Collins, C. D. Holifield Forman, A. D. Weltz, M. A. Kitchen, S. G. TI Using long-term datasets to study exotic plant invasions on rangelands in the western United States SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Disturbance; Exponential growth; Invasive species; Lag phase; Resource pulse; Seedbank analysis ID CRESTED-WHEATGRASS STANDS; MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; NORTH-AMERICA; LAG TIMES; SPREAD; ALIEN; INVASIVENESS; CONSEQUENCES; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES AB Invasions by exotic species are generally described using a logistic growth curve divided into three phases: introduction, expansion and saturation. This model is constructed primarily from regional studies of plant invasions based on historical records and herbarium samples. The goal of this study is to compare invasion curves at the local scale to the logistic growth curve using long-term datasets. Five datasets ranging 41-86 years in length were recovered from five sites in four western states. Data for the following seven exotic species were analyzed using regression analysis to evaluate fit to a non-linear sigmoidal logistic curve: crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), dwarf alyssum (Alyssum desertorum), cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus), Russian thistle (Salsola tragus) and tumble mustard (Sisymbrium altissimum). A greater variety of curve shapes was documented by long-term datasets than those published based on herbaria sampling. Only two species from three different sites and with three different data types met the criteria for fitting a logistic curve. Many of the other species/location combinations were characterized by sporadic spikes and crashes. The general lack of fit with the model may be the results of the complex interactions that drive vegetation change in rangeland environments. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Morris, C.; Weltz, M. A.] ARS, USDA, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Morris, L. R.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Leffler, A. J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Collins, C. D. Holifield] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Forman, A. D.] Gonzales Stoller Surveillance LLC, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Kitchen, S. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Morris, C (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM christo.morris@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 80 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 95 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.03.013 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 165IX UT WOS:000320478200008 ER PT J AU Sullivan, ML Foster, JL AF Sullivan, Michael L. Foster, Jamie L. TI Perennial peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) contains polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and PPO substrates that can reduce post-harvest proteolysis SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE perennial peanut; polyphenol oxidase; rumen undegradable protein; caftaric acid; post-harvest proteolysis; hydroxycinnamoyl-tartaric acid ID FLORIGRAZE RHIZOMA PEANUT; CLOVER TRIFOLIUM-PRATENSE; PROTEIN-DEGRADATION; NITROGEN-RETENTION; CATECHOL OXIDASE; SOYBEAN-MEAL; ALFALFA; DIGESTIBILITY; ACID; EXPRESSION AB Background Studies of perennial peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) suggest its hay and haylage have greater levels of rumen undegraded protein (RUP) than other legume forages such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Greater RUP can result in more efficient nitrogen utilization by ruminant animals with positive economic and environmental effects. We sought to determine whether, like red clover (Trifolium pretense L.), perennial peanut contains polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and PPO substrates that might be responsible for increased RUP. Results Perennial peanut extracts contain immunologically detectible PPO protein and high levels of PPO activity (>100 nkatal mg-1 protein). Addition of caffeic acid (PPO substrate) to perennial peanut extracts depleted of endogenous substrates reduced proteolysis by 90%. Addition of phenolics prepared from perennial peanut leaves to extracts of either transgenic PPO-expressing or control (non-expressing) alfalfa showed peanut phenolics could reduce proteolysis >70% in a PPO-dependent manner. Two abundant likely PPO substrates are present in perennial peanut leaves including caftaric acid. Conclusions Perennial peanut contains PPO and PPO substrates that together are capable of inhibiting post-harvest proteolysis, suggesting a possible mechanism for increased RUP in this forage. Research related to optimizing the PPO system in other forage crops will likely be applicable to perennial peanut. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA C1 [Sullivan, Michael L.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Foster, Jamie L.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Beeville, TX 78102 USA. RP Sullivan, ML (reprint author), ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM michael.sullivan@ars.usda.gov OI Sullivan, Michael/0000-0002-8517-4493 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 93 IS 10 BP 2421 EP 2428 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6050 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 164DU UT WOS:000320389900008 PM 23400843 ER PT J AU Luzio, GA Cameron, RG AF Luzio, Gary A. Cameron, Randall G. TI Determination of degree of methylation of food pectins by chromatography SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE polygalacturonic acid; esterification; evaporative light scattering; conductivity; refractive index; pectinase ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PLANT-CELL WALLS; CONDUCTIVITY DETECTION; INDUSTRIAL PECTINS; BETA-ELIMINATION; ESTER CONTENT; URONIC ACIDS; ORANGE PEEL; HPLC METHOD; ESTERIFICATION AB Background In Florida, 90% of citrus is processed into juice, leaving large amounts of peel waste that could be processed into food ingredients such as pectins for other applications. Pectins of low degree of methylation (DM < 50) have important functional properties for use in foods and pharmaceuticals. Thus determination of DM is important, but DM analyses are difficult to perform and assays can have interference due to the presence of salts or neutral sugars. Results A chromatography method has been developed for determination of DM of food pectin using alkaline hydrolysis followed by pectin digestion with a commercial pectinase. Analysis was performed by ion exclusion chromatography (IEC) to obtain methanol (MeOH) concentrations and by anion exchange chromatography (AEC) to obtain galacturonic acid (GalA) concentrations. Data were compared with values obtained using other DM analysis procedures. For example, a 55-75 DM pectin assayed as 55.5, 59.6, 60.1 and 57.0 DM by IEC, AEC, colorimetric and conductivity detection methods respectively. Conclusion The chromatography procedure described in this paper provides an alternative method for determination of DM of food pectins for accurate and efficient analysis when confronted with limited quantities or large numbers of samples. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Luzio, Gary A.; Cameron, Randall G.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Luzio, GA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM gary.luzio@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 93 IS 10 BP 2463 EP 2469 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6061 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 164DU UT WOS:000320389900014 PM 23564616 ER PT J AU Lee, KW Lillehoj, HS Jang, SI Lee, SH Bautista, DA Ritter, GD Lillehoj, EP Siragusa, GR AF Lee, Kyung-Woo Lillehoj, Hyun-Soon Jang, Seung-Ik Lee, Sung-Hyen Bautista, Daniel A. Ritter, G. Donald Lillehoj, Erik P. Siragusa, Gregory R. TI Comparison of live Eimeria vaccination with in-feed salinomycin on growth and immune status in broiler chickens SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Coccidiosis; Growth performance; Immunity; Cytokine ID ATTENUATED ANTICOCCIDIAL VACCINE; NECROTIC ENTERITIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; MAXIMA INFECTION; E-ACERVULINA; COCCIDIOSIS; TENELLA; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY AB Coccidiosis vaccines and anticoccidial drugs are commonly used to control Eimeria infection during commercial poultry production. The present study was conducted to compare the relative effectiveness of these two disease control strategies in broiler chickens in an experimental research facility. Birds were orally vaccinated with a live, attenuated vaccine (Inovocox), or were provided with in-feed salinomycin (Bio-Cox), and body weights, serum levels of nitric oxide (NO) and antibodies against Eimeria profilin and Clostridium perfringens PFO proteins, and intestinal levels of cytokine gene transcripts were measured. Vaccinated chickens had increased body weights, greater NO levels, and higher profilin and PFO antibody levels compared with salinomycin-fed birds. Transcripts for interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15, and interferon-gamma were increased, while mRNAs for IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased, in immunized chickens compared with salinomycin-treated chickens. In conclusion, vaccination against avian coccidiosis may be more effective compared with dietary salinomycin for increasing body weight and augmenting pro-inflammatory immune status during commercial poultry production. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Kyung-Woo; Lillehoj, Hyun-Soon; Jang, Seung-Ik; Lee, Sung-Hyen] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bautista, Daniel A.] Univ Delaware, Lasher Lab, Georgetown, DE USA. [Ritter, G. Donald] Mountaire Farms Inc, Millsboro, DE 19966 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Siragusa, Gregory R.] Danisco, Waukesha, WI 53186 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Lee, Kyung-Woo/0000-0002-3533-7979 FU ARS-USDA; Danisco; ARS in-house project [1265-32000-086-00D] FX This project was supported by a Trust agreement established between ARS-USDA and Danisco and partially by the ARS in-house project 1265-32000-086-00D. We thank Marjorie Nichols and Stacy Torreyson for their technical assistances. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 95 IS 1 BP 110 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.02.005 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 162TT UT WOS:000320289600018 PM 23465765 ER PT J AU Zhang, RF Xu, CW Shen, QR Kasuga, T Wu, WH Szewczyk, E Ma, Di Fan, ZL AF Zhang, Ruifu Xu, Chenwei Shen, Qirong Kasuga, Takao Wu, Weihua Szewczyk, Edyta Ma, Di Fan, Zhiliang TI Characterization of two cellobiose dehydrogenases and comparison of their contributions to total activity in Neurospora crassa SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE Cellobiose dehydrogenase; Neurospora crassa; Homologous expression; Purification; Characterization ID BASIDIOMYCETE PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; CELLULOSE DEGRADATION; TRAMETES-VERSICOLOR; PICHIA-PASTORIS; CATABOLITE REPRESSION; FUNGI; GENE; EXPRESSION; CLONING; DEPOLYMERIZATION AB Cellobiose dehydrogenase production by Neurospora crassa Was investigated in this study. N. crassa has two putative cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) genes (cdh) in its genome. CDH was produced only under cellulolytic conditions. Deletion of nc-cdh1 eliminated almost all of the strain's CDH activity, whereas the deletion of nc-cdh2 had little effect on total extracellular CDH activity, which indicates that NC-CDH1 is a major contributor to overall CDH activity. The homologous expression of nc-cdh1 and nc-cdh2 under the control of the constitutive D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpdA) promoter enabled recombinant CDH production under non-cellulolytic conditions. Both NC-CDH1 and NC-CDH2 produced by N. crassa were successfully purified and characterized for the first time. NC-CDH1 and NC-CDH2 have molecular weights of 100 kDa and 130 kDa, respectively. When their N-linked glycans were removed by N-glycosidase F treatment, both enzymes showed a molecular weight of 95 kDa. Although NC-CDH2 lacks the cellulose-binding module and contributed marginally to total CDH activity in N. crassa, NC-CDH2 has specific activity similar to that of NC-CDH1 (7.93 vs. 8.89 IU mg(-1)), and it has a much lower Km value than that of NC-CDH1 (5.79 vs. 25.72 mu M). The lower activity contribution of NC-CDH2 in the wild-type strain may results from its lower enzyme production. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Ruifu; Xu, Chenwei; Shen, Qirong] Nanjing Agr Univ, Jiangsu Key Lab Solid Organ Waste Utilizat, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Ruifu; Wu, Weihua; Szewczyk, Edyta; Ma, Di; Fan, Zhiliang] Univ Calif Davis, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kasuga, Takao] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Fan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rfzhang@njau.edu.cn; jzfan@ucdavis.edu FU University of California, Davis; California Energy Commission; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [KYZ201003]; 111 Project [B12009]; Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions FX This research was supported by funds provided to Z. Fan by the University of California, Davis and the California Energy Commission. R. Zhang was supported by the "Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities" (KYZ201003), the 111 Project (B12009), and the Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. The authors thank Dr. Peter J. Punt from TNO Nutrition and Food Research in the Netherlands for the gift of plasmid pAN52.1, and Drs. William Beeson and Michael Marietta in University of California, Berkeley for the nc-cdh1 gene deletion mutant strain. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-8305 J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 82 BP 24 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.03.017 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 152QI UT WOS:000319545800005 ER PT J AU Rounds, L Havens, CM Feinstein, Y Friedman, M Ravishankar, S AF Rounds, Liliana Havens, Cody M. Feinstein, Yelena Friedman, Mendel Ravishankar, Sadhana TI Concentration-dependent inhibition of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and heterocyclic amines in heated ground beef patties by apple and olive extracts, onion powder and clove bud oil SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE E. coli O157:H7; Heterocyclic amines; Apple and olive extracts; Onion powder; Clove bud oil; Ground beef patties ID AROMATIC-AMINES; CANCER-RISK; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; MEAT CONSUMPTION; MODEL SYSTEM; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; THERMAL-DESTRUCTION; COOKING PRACTICES; PROSTATE-CANCER; PLANT-EXTRACTS AB The effects of plant compounds on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and two major heat-induced heterocyclic amines (HCAs) MeIQx and PhIP in grilled ground beef patties were determined. Ground beef with added apple and olive extracts, onion powder, and clove bud oil was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 (10(7) CFU/g) and cooked to reach 45 degrees C at the geometric center, flipped and then cooked for another 5 min. Cooled samples were taken for microbiological and HCA analyses. Olive extract at 3% reduced E. coli O157:H7 to below detection. Reductions of up to 1 log were achieved with apple extract. Olive and apple extracts reduced MeIQx by up to 49.1 and 50.9% and PhIP by up to 50.6 and 65.2%, respectively. Onion powder reduced MeIQx and PhIP by 47 and 80.7%, respectively. Inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 and suppression of HCAs in grilled meat were achieved by optimized amounts of selected plant compounds. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rounds, Liliana; Havens, Cody M.; Ravishankar, Sadhana] Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Feinstein, Yelena] Univ Arizona, Ctr Toxicol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Friedman, Mendel] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Ravishankar, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, 1117 E Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sadhravi@email.arizona.edu OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU American Cancer Society through the Arizona Cancer Center; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona FX This research was supported by the American Cancer Society through the Arizona Cancer Center. We thank the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona for their financial support in the development of this study. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 94 IS 4 BP 461 EP 467 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.010 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 153YK UT WOS:000319638500006 PM 23624435 ER PT J AU Obenland, D Collin, S Sievert, J Arpaia, ML AF Obenland, David Collin, Sue Sievert, James Arpaia, Mary Lu TI Mandarin flavor and aroma volatile composition are strongly influenced by holding temperature SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Storage; Esters; Alcohols; Soluble solids; Acidity ID ORANGE JUICE MATRIX; SENSORY QUALITY; NAVEL ORANGES; MOR MANDARINS; STORAGE; THRESHOLDS; COATINGS; ETHANOL; ODOR; IDENTIFICATION AB Mandarin flavor quality often declines during storage but the respective contributions to the flavor disorder of warm versus cold temperature during storage were unknown. To determine this 'W. Murcott Afourer' mandarins were stored for either 6 weeks at a continuous 5 degrees C or held at 20 degrees C for either 1 or 2 weeks following, 2 or 4 weeks of 5 degrees C storage. Sensory quality as measured by likeability was maintained throughout the 6 week storage when the fruit were kept at 5 degrees C, but rapidly declined upon moving fruit to 20 degrees C. Flavor loss increased as the duration of cold storage prior to the warm temperature holding period was lengthened. The beneficial effect of maintaining mandarins in cold storage was also observed in three of the five other varieties where there was flavor quality loss during storage at a warmer temperature. Soluble solids concentration (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) were relatively unchanged by holding. at 20 degrees C, but aroma volatiles, with alcohols and ethyl esters being of the greatest importance, were greatly enhanced in concentration and are the likely cause of the off-flavor. The increases in aroma volatile concentration were apparent within one day of holding the fruit at 20 degrees C, indicating the need to carefully control postharvest storage temperatures. A comparison of 5,10 and 20 degrees C holding indicated that it is only at 20 degrees C that aroma volatiles contributing to off-flavor accumulated. This study suggests that it may be possible in many mandarin varieties to prevent losses in flavor quality by maintaining the fruit at a cold temperature (5-10 degrees C) following packing and until the time of consumption. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Obenland, David] ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Collin, Sue; Sievert, James; Arpaia, Mary Lu] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Obenland, D (reprint author), ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM david.obenland@ars.usda.gov FU California Citrus Research Board; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [IS-4368-10] FX We would like to thank Paul Neipp for his excellent technical help and Etienne Rabe for his suggestions in the design of the project and help in the procurement of fruit. This research was supported by the California Citrus Research Board and by a United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund grant (No. IS-4368-10). NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 82 BP 6 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.02.013 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 139KS UT WOS:000318582200002 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Williams, MAK Galant, AL Luzio, GA Savary, BJ Vasu, P Cameron, RG AF Kim, Yang Williams, Martin A. K. Galant, Ashley L. Luzio, Gary A. Savary, Brett J. Vasu, Prasanna Cameron, Randall G. TI Nanostructural modification of a model homogalacturonan with a novel pectin methylesterase: Effects of pH on nanostructure, enzyme mode of action and substrate functionality SO FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS LA English DT Article DE Pectin; nanostructure; Pectin methylesterase; Hydrocolloid engineering; Enzyme mode of action; Degree of blockiness; Rheology; Papaya ID GALACTURONIC ACID DISTRIBUTION; MOLECULAR-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; METHYL ESTERASE; 3-DIMENSIONAL POLYMERS; LIME PECTINS; CELL-WALLS; CALCIUM; PATTERN; GELS; METHYLESTERIFICATION AB A Carica papaya pectin methylesterase (CpL-PME) present in a commercial papain preparation was used to modify the amount and distribution of anionic charge in a population of a model pectic homogalacturonan (HG) at pH 4.5 and pH 7.5. Introduced negatively charged demethylesterified blocks (DMB) were excised as oligomers with limited endo-polygalacturonase (EPG) digestion, and then separated and quantified by high performance anion exchange chromatography. Exhaustive EPG digestion was also performed and the concentrations of mono-, di- and tri-galacturonic acid (GalA) produced were estimated. The CpL-PME mode of action was modeled while the HG population's nanostructure and the resulting functionality of the modified pectin were characterized. The results indicated that average DMB size and number of these "average" blocks per molecule increased as the overall degree of methylesterification (DM) decreased by CpL-PME treatment (P < 0.05). Average DMB size differed depending on the reaction pH at each DM. Absolute degree of blockiness (DBabs) increased as DM decreased and demonstrated a linear relationship with the DM at both reaction pH values. Significant positive correlations between DBabs and average DMB size were observed for both pH series (P < 0.05). The enzyme mode of action, modeled in silico, demonstrates a processive multiple attack mechanism. Functionally, the storage modulus of ionotropic gels formed from the processed substrates increased as DM decreased, and as DBabs and average DMB size increased with highly significant correlations (P < 0.001). These results indicate it is feasible to engineer pectin nanostructure and functionality with CpL-PME. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kim, Yang; Galant, Ashley L.; Luzio, Gary A.; Cameron, Randall G.] ARS, Citrus Subtrop & Other Prod Unit, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Williams, Martin A. K.] Massey Univ, Inst Fundamental Sci, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Williams, Martin A. K.] Riddet Inst, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Savary, Brett J.; Vasu, Prasanna] Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, Jonesboro, AR 72401 USA. [Vasu, Prasanna] Cent Food Technol Res Inst, CSIR, Food Safety & Analyt Qual Control Lab, Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India. RP Cameron, RG (reprint author), ARS, Citrus Subtrop & Other Prod Unit, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM ya_kim@hotmail.com; m.williams@massey.ac.nz; Ashley.Galant@ars.usda.gov; Gary.Luzio@ars.usda.gov; bsavary@astate.edu; vprasanna@cftri.org; Randall.Cameron@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NRI [71.1]; Improving Food Quality and Value [2009-35503-05205]; Arkansas Biosciences Institute at ASU; USDA ARS CRIS [6621-41000-016=00D] FX This research was supported by a grant from USDA-NRI Program 71.1, Improving Food Quality and Value (#2009-35503-05205), the Arkansas Biosciences Institute at ASU, and USDA ARS CRIS 6621-41000-016=00D. These Funding Sources had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-005X J9 FOOD HYDROCOLLOID JI Food Hydrocolloids PD AUG PY 2013 VL 33 IS 1 BP 132 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.02.015 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 125ZW UT WOS:000317581900016 ER PT J AU Liu, KS Barrows, FT AF Liu, Keshun Barrows, Frederic T. TI Methods to Recover Value-Added Coproducts from Dry Grind Processing of Grains into Fuel Ethanol SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE condensed distiller solubles; fuel ethanol; dry grind processing; DDGS; coproducts; animal feed; dewater; CDS ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; THIN STILLAGE; CORN-OIL; SOLUBLES; DDGS; QUANTIFICATION; PROFILE AB Three methods are described to fractionate condensed distillers solubles (CDS) into several new coproducts, including a protein-mineral fraction and a glycerol fraction by a chemical method; a protein fraction, an oil fraction and a glycerol-mineral fraction by a physical method; or a protein fraction, an oil fraction, a mineral fraction, and a glycerol fraction by a physicochemical method. Processing factors (ethanol concentration and centrifuge force) were also investigated. Results show that the three methods separated CDS into different fractions, with each fraction enriched with one or more of the five components (protein, oil, ash, glycerol and other carbohydrates) and thus having different targeted end uses. Furthermore, because glycerol, a hygroscopic substance, was mostly shifted to the glycerol or glycerol-mineral fraction, the other fractions had much faster moisture reduction rates than CDS upon drying in a forced air oven at 60 degrees C. Thus, these methods could effectively solve the dewatering problem of CDS, allowing elimination of the current industrial practice of blending distiller wet grains with CDS for drying together and production of distiller dried grains as a standalone coproduct in addition to a few new fractions. C1 [Liu, Keshun; Barrows, Frederic T.] ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplam Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Liu, KS (reprint author), ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplam Res Unit, USDA, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Keshun.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 31 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 30 BP 7325 EP 7332 DI 10.1021/jf402226r PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 196DD UT WOS:000322752700020 PM 23837906 ER PT J AU Bodnar, AL Proulx, AK Scott, MP Beavers, A Reddy, MB AF Bodnar, Anastasia L. Proulx, Amy K. Scott, M. Paul Beavers, Alyssa Reddy, Manju B. TI Iron Bioavailability of Maize Hemoglobin in a Caco-2 Cell Culture Model SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE biofortification; hemoglobin; iron bioavailability; transgenic maize ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; PHYTIC-ACID; TRANSGENIC MAIZE; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; PLANT HEMOGLOBINS; ABSORPTION; EXPRESSION; FERRITIN; FERROCHELATASE; SEED AB Maize (Zea mays) is an important staple crop in many parts of the world but has low iron bioavailability, in part due to its high phytate content. Hemoglobin is a form of iron that is highly bioavailable, and its bioavailability is not inhibited by phytate. It was hypothesized that maize hemoglobin is a highly bioavailable iron source and that biofortification of maize with iron can be accomplished by overexpression of maize globin in the endosperm. Maize was transformed with a gene construct encoding a translational fusion of maize globin and green fluorescent protein under transcriptional control of the maize 27 kDa gamma-zein promoter. Iron bioavailability of maize hemoglobin produced in Escherichia coli and of stably transformed seeds expressing the maize globin-GFP fusion was determined using an in vitro Caco-2 cell culture model. Maize flour fortified with maize hemoglobin was found to have iron bioavailability that is not significantly different from that of flour fortified with ferrous sulfate or bovine hemoglobin but is significantly higher than unfortified flour. Transformed maize grain expressing maize globin was found to have iron bioavailability similar to that of untransformed seeds. These results suggest that maize globin produced in E. coli may be an effective iron fortificant, but overexpressing maize globin in maize endosperm may require a different strategy to increase bioavailable iron content in maize. C1 [Bodnar, Anastasia L.] Iowa State Univ, Interdept Genet Grad Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Proulx, Amy K.; Beavers, Alyssa; Reddy, Manju B.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Scott, M. Paul] ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Reddy, MB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, 1127 HNSB, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM mbreddy@iastate.edu FU Iowa State University, Ames, IA FX The study was funded by a Bailey Research Award by Iowa State University, Ames, IA. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 31 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 30 BP 7349 EP 7356 DI 10.1021/jf3020188 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 196DD UT WOS:000322752700023 PM 23834908 ER PT J AU Payyavula, RS Navarre, DA Kuhl, J Pantoja, A AF Payyavula, Raja S. Navarre, Duroy A. Kuhl, Joseph Pantoja, Alberto TI Developmental Effects on Phenolic, Flavonol, Anthocyanin, and Carotenoid Metabolites and Gene Expression in Potatoes SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE potato; chlorogenic acid; flavonols; anthocyanins; carotenoids; sucrose; tuber development; gene expression; health ID TUBER DEVELOPMENT; CHLOROGENIC ACID; PHENYLPROPANOID METABOLISM; BETA-CAROTENE; ANTIOXIDANT; ACCUMULATION; ARABIDOPSIS; INDUCTION; TISSUE; FLESH AB Potato phytonutrients include phenolic acids, flavonols, anthocyanins, and carotenoids. Developmental effects on phytonutrient concentrations and gene expression were studied in white, yellow, and purple potatoes. Purple potatoes contained the most total phenolics, which decreased during development (from 14 to 10 mg g(-1)), as did the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. The major phenolic, 5-chlorogenic acid (5CGA), decreased during development in all cultivars. Products of later branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway also decreased, including quercetin 3-O rutinoside, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, and petunidin 3-O(p-coumaroyl)rutinoside-3-glucoside (from 6.4 to 4.0 mg g(-1)). Violaxanthin and lutein were the two most abundant carotenoids and decreased 30-70% in the yellow and white potatoes. Sucrose, which can regulate phenylpropanoid metabolism, decreased with development in all cultivars and was highest in purple potatoes. Total protein decreased by 15-30% in two cultivars. Expression of most phenylpropanoid and carotenoid structural genes decreased during development. Immature potatoes like those used in this study are marketed as "baby potatoes", and the greater amounts of these dietarily desirable compounds may appeal to health-conscious consumers. C1 [Payyavula, Raja S.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Navarre, Duroy A.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Kuhl, Joseph] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Pantoja, Alberto] ARS, Subarctic Agr Res Unit, USDA, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Navarre, DA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, 24106 North Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM roy.navarre@ars.usda.gov RI payyavula, raja/K-8078-2013 FU Washington State Potato Commission FX We thank Syam Kumar for technical support and are grateful to the Washington State Potato Commission for their support. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 31 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 30 BP 7357 EP 7365 DI 10.1021/jf401522k PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 196DD UT WOS:000322752700024 PM 23790036 ER PT J AU Trabucco, GM Matos, DA Lee, SJ Saathoff, AJ Priest, HD Mockler, TC Sarath, G Hazen, SP AF Trabucco, Gina M. Matos, Dominick A. Lee, Scott J. Saathoff, Aaron J. Priest, Henry D. Mockler, Todd C. Sarath, Gautam Hazen, Samuel P. TI Functional characterization of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase in Brachypodium distachyon SO BMC BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROWN-MIDRIB MUTANTS; BICOLOR L. MOENCH; FESCUE FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; TRANSGENIC DOWN-REGULATION; RYEGRASS LOLIUM-PERENNE; CELL-WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; REDUCED LIGNIN; GENETIC MANIPULATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE AB Background: Lignin is a significant barrier in the conversion of plant biomass to bioethanol. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) catalyze key steps in the pathway of lignin monomer biosynthesis. Brown midrib mutants in Zea mays and Sorghum bicolor with impaired CAD or COMT activity have attracted considerable agronomic interest for their altered lignin composition and improved digestibility. Here, we identified and functionally characterized candidate genes encoding CAD and COMT enzymes in the grass model species Brachypodium distachyon with the aim of improving crops for efficient biofuel production. Results: We developed transgenic plants overexpressing artificial microRNA designed to silence BdCAD1 or BdCOMT4. Both transgenes caused altered flowering time and increased stem count and weight. Downregulation of BdCAD1 caused a leaf brown midrib phenotype, the first time this phenotype has been observed in a C3 plant. While acetyl bromide soluble lignin measurements were equivalent in BdCAD1 downregulated and control plants, histochemical staining and thioacidolysis indicated a decrease in lignin syringyl units and reduced syringyl/guaiacyl ratio in the transgenic plants. BdCOMT4 downregulated plants exhibited a reduction in total lignin content and decreased Maule staining of syringyl units in stem. Ethanol yield by microbial fermentation was enhanced in amiR-cad1-8 plants. Conclusion: These results have elucidated two key genes in the lignin biosynthetic pathway in B. distachyon that, when perturbed, may result in greater stem biomass yield and bioconversion efficiency. C1 [Trabucco, Gina M.; Matos, Dominick A.; Lee, Scott J.; Hazen, Samuel P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr 3 221, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Trabucco, Gina M.; Matos, Dominick A.] Univ Massachusetts, Mol & Cellular Biol Grad Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Lee, Scott J.] Univ Massachusetts, Plant Biol Grad Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Saathoff, Aaron J.; Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA. [Priest, Henry D.; Mockler, Todd C.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. RP Hazen, SP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr 3 221, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM hazen@bio.umass.edu RI Mockler, Todd/L-2609-2013; OI Mockler, Todd/0000-0002-0462-5775; Priest, Henry/0000-0002-0998-8137 FU Office of Science (BER) Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64700DE] FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER) Department of Energy Grant DE-FG02-08ER64700DE to SPH and TCM. NR 87 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 88 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6750 J9 BMC BIOTECHNOL JI BMC Biotechnol. PD JUL 31 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 61 DI 10.1186/1472-6750-13-61 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 195UF UT WOS:000322728400001 PM 23902793 ER PT J AU Astudillo, C Fernandez, AC Blair, MW Cichy, KA AF Astudillo, Carolina Fernandez, Andrea C. Blair, Matthew W. Cichy, Karen A. TI The Phaseolus vulgaris ZIP gene family: identification, characterization, mapping, and gene expression SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biofortification; Phaseolus vulgaris; QTL mapping; gene expression; zinc transporter ID ROOT ARCHITECTURE TRAITS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ZINC-DEFICIENCY; METAL TRANSPORTER; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SEED IRON; RICE; L.; HOMEOSTASIS; HALLERI AB Zinc is an essential mineral for humans and plants and is involved in many physiological and biochemical processes. In humans, Zn deficiency has been associated with retarded growth and reduction of immune response. In plants, Zn is an essential component of more than 300 enzymes including RNA polymerase, alkaline phosphatase, alcohol dehydrogenase, Cu/Zn superoxidase dismutase, and carbonic anhydrase. The accumulation of Zn in plants involves many genes and characterization of the role of these genes will be useful in biofortification. Here we report the identification and phlyogenetic and sequence characterization of the 23 members of the ZIP (ZRT, IRT like protein) family of metal transporters and three transcription factors of the bZIP family in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Expression patterns of seven of these genes were characterized in two bean genotypes (G19833 and DOR364) under two Zn treatments. Tissue analyzed included roots and leaves at vegetative and flowering stages, and pods at 20 days after flowering. Four of the genes, PvZIP12, PvZIP13, PvZIP16, and Pv bZIP1, showed differential expression based on tissue, Zn treatment, and/or genotype. PvZIP12 and PvZIP13 were both more highly expressed in G19833 than DOR364. PvZIP12 was most highly expressed in vegetative leaves under the Zn (-) treatment. PvZIP16 was highly expressed in leaf tissue, especially leaf tissue at flowering stage grown in the Zn (-) treatment. Pv bZIP1 was most highly expressed in leaf and pod tissue. The 23 PvZIP genes and three bZIP genes were mapped on the DOR364 x G19833 linkage map. PvZIP12, PvZIP13, and PvZIP18, Pv bZIP2, and Pv bZIP3 were located near QTLs for Zn accumulation in the seed. Based on the expression and mapping results, PvZIP12 is a good candidate gene for increasing seed Zn concentration and increase understanding of the role of ZIP genes in metal uptake, distribution, and accumulation of zinc in P. vulgaris. C1 [Astudillo, Carolina; Fernandez, Andrea C.; Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, Plant Soil & Microbial Sci Dept, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Blair, Matthew W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY USA. [Cichy, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, Plant Soil & Microbial Sci Dept, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Cichy, KA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Plant Soil & Microbial Sci Dept, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, 1066 Bogue St, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM karen.cichy@ars.usda.gov NR 62 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 21 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD JUL 30 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 286 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00286 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AA0CR UT WOS:000330763200001 PM 23908661 ER PT J AU Diabat, M Haggerty, R Wondzell, SM AF Diabat, Mousa Haggerty, Roy Wondzell, Steven M. TI Diurnal timing of warmer air under climate change affects magnitude, timing and duration of stream temperature change SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE stream temperature; climate change; diurnal distribution; air temperature; daytime warming; nighttime warming ID JOHN-DAY-RIVER; WATER TEMPERATURES; THERMAL TOLERANCE; MADISON RIVER; UNITED-STATES; CALIFORNIA; OREGON; TROUT; MODEL; SENSITIVITY AB Stream temperature will be subject to changes because of atmospheric warming in the future. We investigated the effects of the diurnal timing of air temperature changes - daytime warming versus nighttime warming - on stream temperature. Using the physically based model, Heat Source, we performed a sensitivity analysis of summer stream temperatures to three diurnal air temperature distributions of +4 degrees C mean air temperature: i) uniform increase over the whole day, ii) warmer daytime and iii) warmer nighttime. The stream temperature model was applied to a 37-km section of the Middle Fork John Day River in northeastern Oregon, USA. The three diurnal air temperature distributions generated 7-day average daily maximum stream temperatures increases of approximately +1.8 degrees C +/- 0.1 degrees C at the downstream end of the study section. The three air temperature distributions, with the same daily mean, generated different ranges of stream temperatures, different 7-day average daily maximum temperatures, different durations of stream temperature changes and different average daily temperatures in most parts of the reach. The stream temperature changes were out of phase with air temperature changes, and therefore in many places, the greatest daytime increase in stream temperature was caused by nighttime warming of air temperatures. Stream temperature changes tended to be more extreme and of longer duration when driven by air temperatures concentrated in either daytime or nighttime instead of uniformly distributed across the diurnal cycle. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Diabat, Mousa; Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Diabat, Mousa] Oregon State Univ, Water Resources Grad Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Inst Water & Watersheds, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wondzell, Steven M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Diabat, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 CEOAS Admin Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM diabatm@science.oregonstate.edu RI Haggerty, Roy/A-5863-2009 FU US Geological Survey [10-JV-11261991-055]; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station [10-JV-11261991-055]; Oregon State University [10-JV-11261991-055] FX The authors thank the following agencies and staff for funding and constructive collaboration. The US Geological Survey, the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Oregon State University provided funding through joint venture agreement 10-JV-11261991-055. Julia Crown and Dan Turner from the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and Cyrus Curry from Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board collaboration and the Intensively Monitored Watersheds project's staff provided the technical support for the Heat Source model, the total maximum daily load reports and monitoring records. Stephane Charette from the Oxbow Conservation Area Habitat and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs provided support for field work and access to the study area. The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for evaluating this article and making comprehensive comments. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JUL 30 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 16 BP 2367 EP 2378 DI 10.1002/hyp.9533 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 285YG UT WOS:000329430400011 ER PT J AU Cleveland, CC Houlton, BZ Smith, WK Marklein, AR Reed, SC Parton, W Del Grosso, SJ Running, SW AF Cleveland, Cory C. Houlton, Benjamin Z. Smith, W. Kolby Marklein, Alison R. Reed, Sasha C. Parton, William Del Grosso, Stephen J. Running, Steven W. TI Patterns of new versus recycled primary production in the terrestrial biosphere SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE carbon cycle; nutrient cycling; stoichiometry ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; NITROGEN LIMITATION; GLOBAL PATTERNS; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ECOSYSTEMS; FIXATION AB Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability regulate plant productivity throughout the terrestrial biosphere, influencing the patterns and magnitude of net primary production (NPP) by land plants both now and into the future. These nutrients enter ecosystems via geologic and atmospheric pathways and are recycled to varying degrees through the plant-soil-microbe system via organic matter decay processes. However, the proportion of global NPP that can be attributed to new nutrient inputs versus recycled nutrients is unresolved, as are the large-scale patterns of variation across terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we combined satellite imagery, biogeochemical modeling, and empirical observations to identify previously unrecognized patterns of new versus recycled nutrient (N and P) productivity on land. Our analysis points to tropical forests as a hotspot of new NPP fueled by new N (accounting for 45% of total new NPP globally), much higher than previous estimates from temperate and high-latitude regions. The large fraction of tropical forest NPP resulting from new N is driven by the high capacity for N fixation, although this varies considerably within this diverse biome; N deposition explains a much smaller proportion of new NPP. By contrast, the contribution of new N to primary productivity is lower outside the tropics, and worldwide, new P inputs are uniformly low relative to plant demands. These results imply that new N inputs have the greatest capacity to fuel additional NPP by terrestrial plants, whereas low P availability may ultimately constrain NPP across much of the terrestrial biosphere. C1 [Cleveland, Cory C.; Smith, W. Kolby; Running, Steven W.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Houlton, Benjamin Z.; Marklein, Alison R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Reed, Sasha C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Parton, William] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Del Grosso, Stephen J.] ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Cleveland, CC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM cory.cleveland@umontana.edu RI Marklein, Alison/I-3255-2016; OI Marklein, Alison/0000-0002-0865-5816; Smith, William/0000-0002-5785-6489 FU Steering Committee of the Integrated Network for Terrestrial Ecosystem Research on Feedbacks to the Atmosphere and Climate (INTERFACE) Research Coordination Network [NSF-DEB-0955771]; A.W. Mellon Foundation FX We thank J. Dukes and the Steering Committee of the Integrated Network for Terrestrial Ecosystem Research on Feedbacks to the Atmosphere and Climate (INTERFACE) Research Coordination Network (Grant NSF-DEB-0955771) for funding the workshop that led to the development of these ideas and this manuscript. We thank E. Bai for providing data. We also thank D. Schimel for comments on the dataset and three anonymous reviewers for valuable input on early versions of the manuscript. C. C. C. and B. Z. H. acknowledge financial support from the A.W. Mellon Foundation. NR 53 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 9 U2 132 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 30 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 31 BP 12733 EP 12737 DI 10.1073/pnas.1302768110 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 191VH UT WOS:000322441500057 PM 23861492 ER PT J AU Lee, J Steenwerth, KL AF Lee, Jungmin Steenwerth, Kerri L. TI 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grape anthocyanin increased by soil conservation practices SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Vitis vinifera; Tillage; Rootstock; Cover cropping; Color; No-till ID VITIS-VINIFERA L.; COVER CROP; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; WINE QUALITY; NONIRRIGATED VINEYARD; YIELD; BERRY; IRRIGATION; ROOTSTOCK; TILLAGE AB Cover crops and no-till (mown) systems provide multiple benefits to vineyard soils such as improvements in soil organic matter and reductions in erosion and dust generation. Understanding effects of such practices on grape attributes will contribute to sustainability of the production system. This was a study on the response of grape anthocyanin in 'Cabernet Sauvignon' clone 8 to two rootstocks (420A, low vigor and 110R, high vigor; planted in 1994) and three vineyard floor management regimes: tilled resident vegetation (RV + till), and barley cover crops that were either tilled (CC + till) or mowed (CC + mow) during 2003-2005 (Oakville, CA, USA). Grape anthocyanin composition was analyzed after the second year (2005) of vineyard floor managements. CC + mow (no tillage practice) produced grapes that were smaller in size (124 g for 100 berries) than the CC + till (135 g for 100 berries) and higher in anthocyanin (135.4 mg 100 g(-1)) than both tillage managements (RV + till, 124.7 mg 100 g(-1) and CC + till, 122.7 mg 100 g(-1)). Berry anthocyanin was not altered by rootstock. Increase in anthocyanin due to mowing was observed as early as at veraison (first sampling point), which remained higher until harvest. Mowing vineyard floors is a sustainable agricultural practice offering the added benefit of greater pigment accumulation in winegrapes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lee, Jungmin] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Steenwerth, Kerri L.] ARS, USDA, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, 29603 U I Ln, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM jungmin.lee@ars.usda.gov; kerri.steenwerth@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS [5358-21000-041-00D, 5306-21220-004-00D] FX We thank Christopher Rennaker (USDA-ARS) for technical assistance. This project was funded by USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS numbers 5358-21000-041-00D and 5306-21220-004-00D. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD JUL 30 PY 2013 VL 159 BP 128 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2013.05.025 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 198OO UT WOS:000322932400018 ER PT J AU Dijkstra, FA Carrillo, Y Pendall, E Morgan, JA AF Dijkstra, Feike A. Carrillo, Yolima Pendall, Elise Morgan, Jack A. TI Rhizosphere priming: a nutrient perspective SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE N-15 tracer; microbial mining; N:P stoichiometry; nutrient competition; preferential substrate utilization; progressive nitrogen limitation; root exudates ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; PROGRESSIVE NITROGEN LIMITATION; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; LONG-TERM ENHANCEMENT; ELEVATED CO2; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; ROOT EXUDATION; PLANT-RESPONSE; MICROBIAL RESPIRATION AB Rhizosphere priming is the change in decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) caused by root activity. Rhizosphere priming plays a crucial role in soil carbon (C) dynamics and their response to global climate change. Rhizosphere priming may be affected by soil nutrient availability, but rhizosphere priming itself can also affect nutrient supply to plants. These interactive effects may be of particular relevance in understanding the sustained increase in plant growth and nutrient supply in response to a rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration. We examined how these interactions were affected by elevated CO2 in two similar semiarid grassland field studies. We found that an increase in rhizosphere priming enhanced the release of nitrogen (N) through decomposition of a larger fraction of SOM in one study, but not in the other. We postulate that rhizosphere priming may enhance N supply to plants in systems that are N limited, but that rhizosphere priming may not occur in systems that are phosphorus (P) limited. Under P limitation, rhizodeposition may be used for mobilization of P rather than for decomposition of SOM. Therefore, with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations, rhizosphere priming may play a larger role in affecting C sequestration in N poor than in P poor soils. C1 [Dijkstra, Feike A.; Carrillo, Yolima] Univ Sydney, Ctr Carbon Water & Food, Dept Environm Sci, Camden, NSW 2015, Australia. [Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Ecol Program, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Morgan, Jack A.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Dijkstra, FA (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Ctr Carbon Water & Food, Dept Environm Sci, 380 Werombi Rd, Camden, NSW 2015, Australia. EM feike.dijkstra@sydney.edu.au OI Dijkstra, Feike/0000-0002-6191-6018; Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969 FU US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils and Emissions Program, USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER), through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program; Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University; NSF [1021559]; Australian Research Council [FT100100779] FX This project was supported by the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils and Emissions Program, USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program (Grant no. 2008-35107-18655), US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER), through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program and the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University, by NSF (DEB# 1021559), and by the Australian Research Council (FT100100779). NR 99 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 22 U2 224 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD JUL 29 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 216 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00216 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AA8UH UT WOS:000331370000001 PM 23908649 ER PT J AU Blair, MW Izquierdo, P Astudillo, C Grusak, MA AF Blair, Matthew W. Izquierdo, Paulo Astudillo, Carolina Grusak, Michael A. TI A legume biofortification quandary: variability and genetic control of seed coat micronutrient accumulation in common beans SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE advanced backcross breeding method; cotyledon; embryo axis; iron and zinc concentration; use of wild beans; seed coat ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; QTL ANALYSIS; PHOSPHORUS LEVELS; BREEDING CROPS; IRON; INHERITANCE; ZINC; POPULATION; WILD; NUTRITION AB Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), like many legumes, are rich in iron, zinc, and certain other microelements that are generally found to be in low concentrations in cereals, other seed crops, and root or tubers and therefore are good candidates for biofortification. But a quandary exists in common bean biofortification: namely that the distribution of iron has been found to be variable between the principal parts of seed; namely the cotyledonary tissue, embryo axis and seed coat. The seed coat represents ten or more percent of the seed weight and must be considered specifically as it accumulates much of the anti-nutrients such as tannins that effect mineral bioavailability. Meanwhile the cotyledons accumulate starch and phosphorus in the form of phytates. The goal of this study was to evaluate a population of progeny derived from an advanced backcross of a wild bean and a cultivated Andean bean for seed coat versus cotyledonary minerals to identify variability and predict inheritance of the minerals. We used wild common beans because of their higher seed mineral concentration compared to cultivars and greater proportion of seed coat to total seed weight. Results showed the most important gene for seed coat iron was on linkage group B04 but also identified other QTL for seed coat and cotyledonary iron and zinc on other linkage groups, including B11 which has been important in studies of whole seed. The importance of these results in terms of physiology, candidate genes and plant breeding are discussed. C1 [Blair, Matthew W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Izquierdo, Paulo] CENICANA Ctr Nacl Invest Cana, Candelaria, Valle De Cauca, Colombia. [Astudillo, Carolina] Michigan State Univ, Dept Agron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Blair, MW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, 242 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mwb1@cornell.edu FU Harvest Plus Challenge Program through CIAT-IFPRI; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008] FX The funding for some of this research was from the Harvest Plus Challenge Program through CIAT-IFPRI although writing time was donated by Matthew W. Blair and other authors due to lack of support in data analysis from CIAT-IFPRI, Harvest Plus or the other contracting organizations. The work was also supported in part by funds from the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Agreement number 58-6250-0-008 to Michael A. Grusak. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their comments. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 20 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD JUL 29 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 275 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00275 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AA0BS UT WOS:000330760700001 PM 23908660 ER PT J AU Sider, LH Heaton, MP Chitko-McKown, CG Harhay, GP Smith, TPL Leymaster, KA Laegreid, WW Clawson, ML AF Sider, Lucia H. Heaton, Michael P. Chitko-McKown, Carol G. Harhay, Greg P. Smith, Timothy P. L. Leymaster, Kreg A. Laegreid, William W. Clawson, Michael L. TI Small ruminant lentivirus genetic subgroups associate with sheep TMEM154 genotypes SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ARTHRITIS-ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; PROGRESSIVE-PNEUMONIA-VIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MAEDI-VISNA VIRUS; CAPRINE-ARTHRITIS; PHYLOGENETIC NETWORKS; INFECTION; GOATS; SEQUENCER; RECOMBINATION AB Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are prevalent in North American sheep and a major cause of production losses for the U. S. sheep industry. Sheep susceptibility to SRLV infection is influenced by genetic variation within the ovine transmembrane 154 gene (TMEM154). Animals with either of two distinct TMEM154 haplotypes that both encode glutamate at position 35 of the protein (E35) are at greater risk of SRLV infection than those homozygous with a lysine (K35) haplotype. Prior to this study, it was unknown if TMEM154 associations with infection are influenced by SRLV genetic subgroups. Accordingly, our goals were to characterize SRLVs naturally infecting sheep from a diverse U.S. Midwestern flock and test them for associations with TMEM154 E35K genotypes. Two regions of the SRLV genome were targeted for proviral amplification, cloning, sequence analysis, and association testing with TMEM154 E35K genotypes: gag and the transmembrane region of env. Independent analyses of gag and env sequences showed that they clustered in two subgroups (1 and 2), they were distinct from SRLV subtypes originating from Europe, and that subgroup 1 associated with hemizygous and homozygous TMEM154 K35 genotypes and subgroup 2 with hemi-and homozygous E35 genotypes (gag p < 0.001, env p = 0.01). These results indicate that SRLVs in the U.S. have adapted to infect sheep with specific TMEM154 E35K genotypes. Consequently, both host and SRLV genotypes affect the relative risk of SRLV infection in sheep. C1 [Sider, Lucia H.; Heaton, Michael P.; Chitko-McKown, Carol G.; Harhay, Greg P.; Smith, Timothy P. L.; Leymaster, Kreg A.; Clawson, Michael L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Laegreid, William W.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. RP Clawson, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mike.clawson@ars.usda.gov OI Clawson, Michael/0000-0002-3355-5390 FU Agricultural Research Service and Embrapa FX This work was supported by the Agricultural Research Service and Embrapa. We thank Gennie Schuller-Chavez for outstanding technical support for this project and Joan Rosch and Jan Watts for secretarial support. We also thank Jenna Guthmiller for her support of this project during an USMARC internship. The use of product and company names is necessary to accurately report the methods and results; however, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the products, and the use of names by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD JUL 29 PY 2013 VL 44 AR 64 DI 10.1186/1297-9716-44-64 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 195UT UT WOS:000322729800001 PM 23895262 ER PT J AU La Frano, MR Woodhouse, LR Burnett, DJ Burri, BJ AF La Frano, Michael R. Woodhouse, Leslie R. Burnett, Dustin J. Burri, Betty J. TI Biofortified cassava increases beta-carotene and vitamin A concentrations in the TAG-rich plasma layer of American women SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Biofortified cassava; Vitamin A; beta-Carotene; Human studies ID INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; LIPOPROTEIN FRACTION; POSTPRANDIAL APPEARANCE; CHYLOMICRON REMNANTS; LEAFY VEGETABLES; ALPHA-CAROTENE; DOUBLE-TRACER; STAPLE FOOD; MEN; BIOAVAILABILITY AB Biofortification of cassava with the provitamin A carotenoid beta-carotene is a potential mechanism for alleviating vitamin A deficiency. Cassava is a staple food in the African diet, but data regarding the human bioavailability of beta-carotene from this food are scarce. The objective of the present study was to evaluate provitamin A-enhanced cassava as a source of beta-carotene and vitamin A for healthy adult women. The study was a randomised, cross-over trial of ten American women. The subjects consumed three different porridges separated by 2 week washout periods. Treatment meals (containing 100 g cassava) included: biofortified cassava (2 mg beta-carotene) porridge with added oil (15 ml peanut or rapeseed oil, 20 g total fat); biofortified cassava porridge without added oil (6 g total fat); unfortified white cassava porridge with a 0.3 mg retinyl palmitate reference dose and added oil (20 g total fat). Blood was collected six times from -0.5 to 9.5 h post-feeding. TAG-rich lipoprotein (TRL) plasma was separated by ultracentrifugation and analysed using HPLC with coulometric array electrochemical detection. The AUC for retinyl palmitate increased after the biofortified cassava meals were fed (P<0.05). Vitamin A conversion was 4.2 (SD 3.1) and 4.5 (SD 3.1) mu g beta-carotene: 1 mu g retinol, with and without added oil, respectively. These results show that biofortified cassava increases beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate TRL plasma concentrations in healthy well-nourished adult women, suggesting that it is a viable intervention food for preventing vitamin A deficiency. C1 [La Frano, Michael R.; Woodhouse, Leslie R.; Burnett, Dustin J.; Burri, Betty J.] USDA ARS PWA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [La Frano, Michael R.; Burri, Betty J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS PWA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM betty.burri@ars.usda.gov OI La Frano, Michael/0000-0002-2269-1688 FU HarvestPlus grant [8227]; National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [2UL1RR024146]; National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research; Western Human Nutrition Research Center in-house funds, CRIS [5306-51530-018-23T] FX We thank the Cassava Study team of the Western Human Nutrition Research Center, especially Ellen Bonnel, Evelyn Jenner, Emma White, Debra Standridge, Joe Domek, Jerome Crawford, Sara Stoffel, Julie Edwards, Bill Horn and Delphine La Porte, as well as Marjorie Haskell, Jan Peerson, Lacey Baldiviez and Charles Stephensen. The US department of Agriculture (USDA) is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We also thank Hernan Ceballos of CIAT for providing the biofortified cassava. The present work was supported by HarvestPlus grant 8227; and was made possible by grant no. 2UL1RR024146 from the National Center for Research Resources, a component of the National Institutes of Health and National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research. Additional support was provided by the Western Human Nutrition Research Center in-house funds, CRIS project no. 5306-51530-018-23T. The authors have no conflicts of interest. B. J. B., L. R. W., D. J. B. and M. R. L. F. designed the research; L. R. W., D. J. B. and M. R. L. F. conducted the research and analysed data; B. J. B. and M. R. L. F. wrote the paper; B. J. B. had primary responsibility for final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 26 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JUL 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 2 BP 310 EP 320 DI 10.1017/S0007114512005004 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 166HD UT WOS:000320544400012 PM 23332040 ER PT J AU Jin, MJ Sarks, C Gunawan, C Bice, BD Simonett, SP Narasimhan, RA Willis, LB Dale, BE Balan, V Sato, TK AF Jin, Mingjie Sarks, Cory Gunawan, Christa Bice, Benjamin D. Simonett, Shane P. Narasimhan, Ragothaman Avanasi Willis, Laura B. Dale, Bruce E. Balan, Venkatesh Sato, Trey K. TI Phenotypic selection of a wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation of AFEX (TM) pretreated corn stover SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS LA English DT Article DE Thermo-tolerance; Xylose fermentation; S. cerevisiae; SSCF; AFEX; Degradation products; Ethanol ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; AMMONIA FIBER EXPANSION; YEAST PICHIA-STIPITIS; XYLITOL-DEHYDROGENASE; XYLOSE FERMENTATION; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; COMMERCIAL ENZYMES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; 424A(LNH-ST); EXPRESSION AB Background: Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) process involves enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass and fermentation of glucose and xylose in one bioreactor. The optimal temperatures for enzymatic hydrolysis are higher than the standard fermentation temperature of ethanologenic Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Moreover, degradation products resulting from biomass pretreatment impair fermentation of sugars, especially xylose, and can synergize with high temperature stress. One approach to resolve both concerns is to utilize a strain background with innate tolerance to both elevated temperatures and degradation products. Results: In this study, we screened a panel of 108 wild and domesticated Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from a wide range of environmental niches. One wild strain was selected based on its growth tolerance to simultaneous elevated temperature and AFEX (TM) (Ammonia Fiber Expansion) degradation products. After engineering the strain with two copies of the Scheffersomyces stipitis xylose reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase and xylulokinase genes, we compared the ability of this engineered strain to the benchmark 424A(LNH-ST) strain in ethanol production and xylose fermentation in standard lab medium and AFEX pretreated corn stover (ACS) hydrolysates, as well as in SSCF of ACS at different temperatures. In SSCF of 9% (w/w) glucan loading ACS at 35 degrees C, the engineered strain showed higher cell viabilities and produced a similar amount of ethanol (51.3 g/L) compared to the benchmark 424A(LNH-ST) strain. Conclusion: These results validate our approach in the selection of wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with thermo-tolerance and degradation products tolerance properties for lignocellulosic biofuel production. The wild and domesticated yeast strains phenotyped in this work are publically available for others to use as genetic backgrounds for fermentation of their pretreated biomass at elevated temperatures. C1 [Jin, Mingjie; Sarks, Cory; Gunawan, Christa; Dale, Bruce E.; Balan, Venkatesh] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, BCRL, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Jin, Mingjie; Sarks, Cory; Gunawan, Christa; Dale, Bruce E.; Balan, Venkatesh] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bice, Benjamin D.; Narasimhan, Ragothaman Avanasi; Willis, Laura B.; Sato, Trey K.] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Simonett, Shane P.; Willis, Laura B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, Laura B.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Jin, MJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, BCRL, 3900 Collins Rd, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM jinmingj@egr.msu.edu; balan@egr.msu.edu; tksato@glbrc.wisc.edu RI Jin, Mingjie/I-4616-2012; OI Jin, Mingjie/0000-0002-9493-305X FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). We would like to thank Novozymes and Genencor for supplying us commercial enzymes for this work, Drs. Cletus Kurtzman, Justin Fay, Audrey Gasch and Jeff Lewis for providing S. cerevisiae strains, Dr. Nancy Ho (Purdue University) for providing the 424A (LNH-ST) strain, Charles Donald, Jr for preparing AFEX-pretreated corn stover, Rebecca Breuer for technical support, and Dr. Thomas Jeffries for helpful suggestions. We would also like to thank the members of the Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL) at Michigan State University for their valuable suggestions. NR 39 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 32 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1754-6834 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS JI Biotechnol. Biofuels PD JUL 27 PY 2013 VL 6 AR 108 DI 10.1186/1754-6834-6-108 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 193HH UT WOS:000322549200001 PM 23890073 ER PT J AU Negeri, A Wang, GF Benavente, L Kibiti, CM Chaikam, V Johal, G Balint-Kurti, P AF Negeri, Adisu Wang, Guan-Feng Benavente, Larissa Kibiti, Cromwell M. Chaikam, Vijay Johal, Guri Balint-Kurti, Peter TI Characterization of temperature and light effects on the defense response phenotypes associated with the maize Rp1-D21 autoactive resistance gene SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Maize; Hypersensitive response; Disease resistance; Temperature sensitive; Light dependent; Rp1; Autoactive R gene ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; RUST RESISTANCE; CELL-DEATH; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SALICYLIC-ACID; N GENE; RP1; LOCUS; RECOMBINATION AB Background: Rp1 is a complex locus of maize, which carries a set of genes controlling race-specific resistance to the common rust fungus, Puccinia sorghi. The resistance response includes the "Hypersensitive response" (HR), a rapid response triggered by a pathogen recognition event that includes localized cell death at the point of pathogen penetration and the induction of pathogenesis associated genes. The Rp1-D21gene is an autoactive allelic variant at the Rp1 locus, causing spontaneous activation of the HR response, in the absence of pathogenesis. Previously we have shown that the severity of the phenotype conferred by Rp1-D21 is highly dependent on genetic background. Results: In this study we show that the phenotype conferred by Rp1-D21 is highly dependent on temperature, with lower temperatures favoring the expression of the HR lesion phenotype. This temperature effect was observed in all the 14 genetic backgrounds tested. Significant interactions between the temperature effects and genetic background were observed. When plants were grown at temperatures above 30 degrees C, the spontaneous HR phenotype conferred by Rp1-D21 was entirely suppressed. Furthermore, this phenotype could be restored or suppressed by alternately reducing and increasing the temperature appropriately. Light was also required for the expression of this phenotype. By examining the expression of genes associated with the defense response we showed that, at temperatures above 30 degrees C, the Rp1-D21 phenotype was suppressed at both the phenotypic and molecular level. Conclusions: We have shown that the lesion phenotype conferred by maize autoactive resistance gene Rp1-D21 is temperature sensitive in a reversible manner, that the temperature-sensitivity phenotype interacts with genetic background and that the phenotype is light sensitive. This is the first detailed demonstration of this phenomenon in monocots and also the first demonstration of the interaction of this effect with genetic background. The use of temperature shifts to induce a massive and synchronous HR in plants carrying the Rp1-D21 genes will be valuable in identifying components of the defense response pathway. C1 [Negeri, Adisu; Wang, Guan-Feng; Balint-Kurti, Peter] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Benavente, Larissa; Balint-Kurti, Peter] N Carolina State Univ, Plant Sci Res Unit, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kibiti, Cromwell M.; Chaikam, Vijay; Johal, Guri] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Balint-Kurti, P (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Box 7616, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Peter.Balint-Kurti@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Chaikam, Vijay/0000-0002-5046-1097; Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X FU USDA-ARS; Purdue University; NSF [0822495] FX This work was funded by USDA-ARS, Purdue University and an NSF Grant # 0822495. We thank Janet Shurtleff, Carol Saravitz and the staff of the NCSU phytotron for making this work possible. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD JUL 26 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 106 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-13-106 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 193SH UT WOS:000322581300001 PM 23890100 ER PT J AU Lopez-Millan, AF Grusak, MA Abadia, A Abadia, J AF Lopez-Millan, Ana-Flor Grusak, Michael A. Abadia, Anunciacion Abadia, Javier TI Iron deficiency in plants: an insight from proteomic approaches SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE iron; metabolism; proteomics; root; thylakoid ID MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; THYLAKOID MEMBRANES; METABOLIC-RESPONSES; ARABIDOPSIS ROOTS; PROTEIN PROFILE; FE DEFICIENCY; MITOCHONDRIA; HOMEOSTASIS; STRESS AB Iron (Fe) deficiency chlorosis is a major nutritional disorder for crops growing in calcareous soils, and causes decreases in vegetative growth as well as marked yield and quality losses. With the advances in mass spectrometry techniques, a substantial body of knowledge has arisen on the changes in the protein profiles of different plant parts and compartments as a result of Fe deficiency. Changes in the protein profile of thylakoids from several species have been investigated using gel-based two-dimensional electrophoresis approaches, and the same techniques have been used to investigate changes in the root proteome profiles of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Medicago truncatula and a Prunus rootstock. High throughput proteomic studies have also been published using Fe-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana roots and thylakoids. This review summarizes the major conclusions derived from these "-omic" approaches with respect to metabolic changes occurring with Fe deficiency, and highlights future research directions in this field. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in root Fe homeostasis from a holistic point of view may strengthen our ability to enhance Fe-deficiency tolerance responses in plants of agronomic interest. C1 [Lopez-Millan, Ana-Flor; Abadia, Anunciacion; Abadia, Javier] Aula Dei Expt Stn CSIC, Plant Nutr Dept, E-50059 Zaragoza, Spain. [Grusak, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Lopez-Millan, AF (reprint author), Aula Dei Expt Stn CSIC, Plant Nutr Dept, Ave Montanana 1005, E-50059 Zaragoza, Spain. EM anaflor@eead.csic.es RI Abadia, Javier/B-8804-2008; Abadia, Anunciacion/A-7474-2010; Mangan, Rachel/A-8824-2008 OI Abadia, Javier/0000-0001-5470-5901; Abadia, Anunciacion/0000-0003-3609-7070; Mangan, Rachel/0000-0002-8788-9214 FU Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) [AGL2010-16515, AGL2012-31988]; FEDER; Aragon Government; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008] FX The writing of this review was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO; projects AGL2010-16515 and AGL2012-31988, co-financed with FEDER), the Aragon Government (Group A03), and by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Agreement number 58-6250-0-008). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 71 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD JUL 25 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 254 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00254 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 302UK UT WOS:000330630200001 PM 23898336 ER PT J AU Smith, JD Nicholson, EM Greenlee, JJ AF Smith, Jodi D. Nicholson, Eric M. Greenlee, Justin J. TI Evaluation of a combinatorial approach to prion inactivation using an oxidizing agent, SDS, and proteinase K SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Inactivation; Prion; Proteinase; Scrapie; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sodium percarbonate ID BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE; SCRAPIE AGENT; ADAPTED SCRAPIE; VARIANT CJD; DECONTAMINATION; DISINFECTION; INFECTIVITY; VIRUS; PROTEASE AB Background: Prions demonstrate an unusual resistance to methods effective at inactivating conventional microorganisms. This has resulted in a very tangible and difficult infection control challenge to the medical and veterinary communities, as well as animal agriculture and related industries. Currently accepted practices of harsh chemical treatments such as prolonged exposure to sodium hydroxide or sodium hypochlorite, or autoclaving are not suitable in many situations. Less caustic and more readily applicable treatments to contaminated environments are therefore desirable. We recently demonstrated that exposure of the RML scrapie agent to a commercial product containing sodium percarbonate (SPC-P) with or without sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) rendered PrPSc sensitive to proteinase K (PK), but did not eliminate infectivity. The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a combinatorial approach to inactivating prions by exposing RML-positive brain homogenate to SPC-P and SDS followed by PK. Treated samples were evaluated for PrPSc-immunoreactivity by western blot, and residual infectivity by mouse bioassay. Results: Treatment of infected brain homogenate with SPC-P and SDS followed by PK exposure resulted in a 4-5 log(10) reduction in infectivity when bioassayed in tga20 mice. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that exposure of the RML scrapie agent to SPC-P and SDS followed by PK markedly reduces, but does not eliminate infectivity. The results of this study encourage further investigation into whether consecutive or concomitant exposure to sodium percarbonate, SDS, and a protease may serve as a viable and non-caustic option for prion inactivation. C1 [Smith, Jodi D.; Nicholson, Eric M.; Greenlee, Justin J.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Smith, Jodi D.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Greenlee, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM justin.greenlee@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD JUL 25 PY 2013 VL 9 AR 151 DI 10.1186/1746-6148-9-151 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 192NO UT WOS:000322492000001 PM 23886483 ER PT J AU Pettis, JS Lichtenberg, EM Andree, M Stitzinger, J Rose, R Vanengelsdorp, D AF Pettis, Jeffery S. Lichtenberg, Elinor M. Andree, Michael Stitzinger, Jennie Rose, Robyn vanEngelsdorp, Dennis TI Crop Pollination Exposes Honey Bees to Pesticides Which Alters Their Susceptibility to the Gut Pathogen Nosema ceranae SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; APIS-MELLIFERA; GENE-EXPRESSION; HYMENOPTERA; RESIDUES; NECTAR; POLLEN; INSECTICIDES; APIDAE; BLUEBERRY AB Recent declines in honey bee populations and increasing demand for insect-pollinated crops raise concerns about pollinator shortages. Pesticide exposure and pathogens may interact to have strong negative effects on managed honey bee colonies. Such findings are of great concern given the large numbers and high levels of pesticides found in honey bee colonies. Thus it is crucial to determine how field-relevant combinations and loads of pesticides affect bee health. We collected pollen from bee hives in seven major crops to determine 1) what types of pesticides bees are exposed to when rented for pollination of various crops and 2) how field-relevant pesticide blends affect bees' susceptibility to the gut parasite Nosema ceranae. Our samples represent pollen collected by foragers for use by the colony, and do not necessarily indicate foragers' roles as pollinators. In blueberry, cranberry, cucumber, pumpkin and watermelon bees collected pollen almost exclusively from weeds and wildflowers during our sampling. Thus more attention must be paid to how honey bees are exposed to pesticides outside of the field in which they are placed. We detected 35 different pesticides in the sampled pollen, and found high fungicide loads. The insecticides esfenvalerate and phosmet were at a concentration higher than their median lethal dose in at least one pollen sample. While fungicides are typically seen as fairly safe for honey bees, we found an increased probability of Nosema infection in bees that consumed pollen with a higher fungicide load. Our results highlight a need for research on sub-lethal effects of fungicides and other chemicals that bees placed in an agricultural setting are exposed to. C1 [Pettis, Jeffery S.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lichtenberg, Elinor M.; Stitzinger, Jennie; vanEngelsdorp, Dennis] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Andree, Michael] Univ Calif, Cooperat Extens Butte Cty, Oroville, CA USA. [Rose, Robyn] USDA APHIS, Riverdale, MD USA. RP Vanengelsdorp, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Coll Pk, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dennis.vanengelsdorp@gmail.com RI vanEngelsdorp, Dennis/E-7934-2010; OI Lichtenberg, Elinor/0000-0002-2729-4534 FU National Honey Board; USDA-ARS Areawide Project on Bee Health [412796] FX Funding for this study was provided by the National Honey Board (http://www.honey.com/) and the USDA-ARS Areawide Project on Bee Health (http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/projects/projects.htm?accn_no = 412796). Neither the Honey Board nor USDA-ARS Program Staff had a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 84 TC 88 Z9 94 U1 19 U2 255 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 24 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e70182 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070182 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 188BY UT WOS:000322167900111 PM 23894612 ER PT J AU Lester, GE Makus, DJ Hodges, DM Jifon, JL AF Lester, Gene E. Makus, Donald J. Hodges, D. Mark Jifon, John L. TI Summer (Subarctic) versus Winter (Subtropic) Production Affects Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Leaf Bionutrients: Vitamins (C, E, Folate, K-1, provitamin A), Lutein, Phenolics, and Antioxidants SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Spinacia oleracia; carotenoids; day-length; phytonutrients; phylloquinone; temperature; tocopherols; global climatic conditions ID ASCORBIC-ACID; PHYLLOQUINONE VITAMIN-K-1; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; LEAVES; BIOSYNTHESIS; CAROTENOIDS; ACCUMULATION; CAPACITY; LIGHT; FOOD AB Comparison of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cultivars Lazio and Samish grown during the summer solstice in the subarctic versus the winter solstice in the subtropics provided insight into interactions between production environment (light intensity), cultivar, and leaf age/maturity/position affecting bionutrient concentrations of vitamins (C, E, folate, K-1, provitamin A), lutein, phenolics, and antioxidants. Growing spinach during the winter solstice in the subtropics resulted in increased leaf dry matter %, oxidized (dehydro) ascorbic acid (AsA), alpha- and gamma-tocopherol, and total phenols but lower reduced (free) AsA, alpha-carotene, folate, and antioxidant capacity compared to summer solstice-grown spinach in the subarctic. Both cultivars had similar bionutrients, except for higher dehydroAsA, and lower alpha- and gamma-tocopherol in 'Samish' compared to 'Lazio'. For most bionutrients measured, there was a linear, and sometimes quadratic, increase in concentrations from bottom to top canopy leaves. However, total phenolics and antioxidant capacity increased basipetally. The current study has thus demonstrated that dehydroAsA, alpha-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol were substantially lower in subarctic compared to subtropical-grown spinach, whereas the opposite relationship was found for antioxidant capacity, alpha-carotene, and folates (vitamin B-9). The observations are consistent with previously reported isolated effects of growth environment on bionutrient status of crops. The current results clearly highlight the effect of production environment (predominantly radiation capture), interacting with genetics and plant phenology to alter the bionutrient status of crops. While reflecting the effects of changing growing conditions, these results also indicate potential alterations in the nutritive value of foods with anticipated shifts in global climatic conditions. C1 [Lester, Gene E.] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Makus, Donald J.] ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Hodges, D. Mark] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Atlantic Food & Hort Res Ctr, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada. [Jifon, John L.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Lester, GE (reprint author), ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gene.lester@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Project [1245-43440-004-00D, 5302-13000-011-00D] FX This study supports USDA-ARS National Programs 306 and 211, and was funded by USDA-ARS Project #s 1245-43440-004-00D and 5302-13000-011-00D. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 24 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 29 BP 7019 EP 7027 DI 10.1021/jf401461z PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 191SG UT WOS:000322432300001 PM 23834651 ER PT J AU Krueger, EN Beckett, RJ Gray, SM Miller, WA AF Krueger, Elizabeth N. Beckett, Randy J. Gray, Stewart M. Miller, W. Allen TI The complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of Barley yellow dwarf virus-RMV reveals it to be a new Polerovirus distantly related to other yellow dwarf viruses SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Luteoviridae phylogenetics; PO; maize yellow dwarf virus; maize virus; rhopalosiphum maidis; luteovirid ID POTATO-LEAFROLL-VIRUS; PUTATIVE MOVEMENT PROTEIN; DEPENDENT RNA-POLYMERASE; SILENCING SUPPRESSOR; WINTER-WHEAT; READTHROUGH DOMAIN; APHID TRANSMISSION; LUTEOVIRUS PLRV; 17-KDA PROTEIN; PLANTING DATE AB The yellow dwarf viruses (YDVs) of the Luteoviridae family represent the most widespread group of cereal viruses worldwide. They include the Barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs) of genus Luteovirus, the Cereal yellow dwarf viruses (CYDVs) and Wheat yellow dwarf virus (WYDV) of genus Polerovirus. All of these viruses are obligately aphid transmitted and phloem-limited. The first described YDVs (initially all called BYDV) were classified by their most efficient vector. One of these viruses, BYDV-RMV, is transmitted most efficiently by the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis. Here we report the complete 5612 nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of a Montana isolate of BYDV-RMV (isolate RMV MTFE87, Genbank accession no. KC921392). The sequence revealed that BYDV-RMV is a polerovirus, but it is quite distantly related to the CYDVs or WYDV, which are very closely related to each other. Nor is BYDV-RMV closely related to any other particular polerovirus. Depending on the gene that is compared, different poleroviruses (none of them a YDV) share the most sequence similarity to BYDV-RMV. Because of its distant relationship to other YDVs, and because it commonly infects maize via its vector, R. maidis, we propose that BYDV-RMV be renamed Maize yellow dwarf virus-RMV (MYDV-RMV). C1 [Krueger, Elizabeth N.; Beckett, Randy J.; Miller, W. Allen] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Miller, WA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM wamiller@iastate.edu FU Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa [10W06664]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0843140]; USDA National Research Initiative [2004-35600-14227] FX This journal paper of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, Project No. 10W06664, was supported by National Science Foundation grant number DEB-0843140 and USDA National Research Initiative grant no. 2004-35600-14227. The authors thank Dai Nguyen for administrative support, Dawn Smith for assistance with the aphid transmission experiments, and Veronique Ziegler-Graff for helpful comments on this manuscript. NR 76 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 38 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD JUL 23 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 205 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00205 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AA8SK UT WOS:000331365000001 PM 23888156 ER PT J AU Bellaloui, N Hu, YB Mengistu, A Kassem, MA Abel, CA AF Bellaloui, Nacer Hu, Yanbo Mengistu, Alemu Kassem, My A. Abel, Craig A. TI Effects of foliar boron application on seed composition, cell wall boron, and seed delta N-15 and delta C-13 isotopes in water-stressed soybean plants SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE boron; carbon; cell boron; fatty acids; nitrogen; oil; protein ID N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; SYMBIOTIC N-2 FIXATION; FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; MOENCH VOSS SEEDLINGS; FIELD-GROWN SOYBEANS; AZOMETHINE-H METHOD; NITROGEN-FIXATION; USE EFFICIENCY; CULTIVAR DIFFERENCES; DINITROGEN FIXATION AB Limited information is available on the effects of foliar boron (B) application on soybean seed composition. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of foliar B on seed composition (protein, oil, fatty acids, and sugars). Our hypothesis was that since B is involved in nitrogen and carbon metabolism, it may impact seed composition. A repeated greenhouse experiment was conducted where half of the soybean plants was exposed to water stress (WS) and the other half was well-watered. Foliar boron (FB) in the form of boric acid was applied twice at a rate of 1.1 kg ha(-1). The first application was during flowering stage, and the second application was during seed-fill stage. Treatments were water stressed plants with no FB (WS-B); water stressed plants with FB (WS+B); watered plants without FB (W-B), and watered plants with FB (W+B). The treatment W-B was used as a control. Comparing with WS-B plants, B concentration was the highest in leaves and seed of W+B plants (84% increase in leaves and 73% in seed). Seeds of W+B plants had higher protein (11% increase), oleic acid (27% increase), sucrose (up to 40% increase), glucose, and fructose comparing with W-B. However, seed stachyose concentrations increased by 43% in WS-B plants seed compared with W-B plants. Cell wall (structural) B concentration in leaves was higher in all plants under water stress, especially in WS-B plants where the percentage of cell wall B reached up to 90%. Water stress changed seed delta N-15 and delta C-13 values in both B applied and non-B applied plants, indicating possible effects on nitrogen and carbon metabolism. This research demonstrated that FB increased B accumulation in leaves and seed, and altered seed composition of well-watered and water stressed plants, indicating a possible involvement of B in seed protein, and oleic and linolenic fatty acids. Further research is needed to explain mechanisms of B involvement in seed protein and fatty acids. C1 [Bellaloui, Nacer] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Hu, Yanbo] Northeast Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Mengistu, Alemu] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Jackson, TN USA. [Kassem, My A.] Fayetteville State University, Dept Biol Sci, Plant Genom & Biotechnol Lab, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Abel, Craig A.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res, Ames, IA USA. RP Bellaloui, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM nacer.bellaloui@ars.usda.gov RI Hu, Yanbo/G-9095-2011; OI Hu, Yanbo/0000-0001-6379-0060 NR 108 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 23 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD JUL 23 PY 2013 VL 4 AR 270 DI 10.3389/fpls.2013.00270 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AA0BN UT WOS:000330760200001 PM 23888163 ER PT J AU Dikmen, S Cole, JB Null, DJ Hansen, PJ AF Dikmen, Serdal Cole, John B. Null, Daniel J. Hansen, Peter J. TI Genome-Wide Association Mapping for Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Rectal Temperature during Heat Stress in Holstein Cattle SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DAIRY-COWS; FULL PEDIGREE; GENETIC EVALUATION; INFORMATION; TOLERANCE; REPRODUCTION; ENVIRONMENT; EXPRESSION; PHYSIOLOGY; PROTEINS AB Heat stress compromises production, fertility, and health of dairy cattle. One mitigation strategy is to select individuals that are genetically resistant to heat stress. Most of the negative effects of heat stress on animal performance are a consequence of either physiological adaptations to regulate body temperature or adverse consequences of failure to regulate body temperature. Thus, selection for regulation of body temperature during heat stress could increase thermotolerance. The objective was to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for rectal temperature (RT) during heat stress in lactating Holstein cows and identify SNPs associated with genes that have large effects on RT. Records on afternoon RT where the temperature-humidity index was >= 78.2 were obtained from 4,447 cows sired by 220 bulls, resulting in 1,440 useable genotypes from the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip with 39,759 SNP. For GWAS, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 adjacent SNP were averaged to identify consensus genomic regions associated with RT. The largest proportion of SNP variance (0.07 to 0.44%) was explained by markers flanking the region between 28,877,547 and 28,907,154 bp on Bos taurus autosome (BTA) 24. That region is flanked by U1 (28,822,883 to 28,823,043) and NCAD (28,992,666 to 29,241,119). In addition, the SNP at 58,500,249 bp on BTA 16 explained 0.08% and 0.11% of the SNP variance for 2- and 3-SNP analyses, respectively. That contig includes SNORA19, RFWD2 and SCARNA3. Other SNPs associated with RT were located on BTA 16 (close to CEP170 and PLD5), BTA 5 (near SLCO1C1 and PDE3A), BTA 4 (near KBTBD2 and LSM5), and BTA 26 (located in GOT1, a gene implicated in protection from cellular stress). In conclusion, there are QTL for RT in heat-stressed dairy cattle. These SNPs could prove useful in genetic selection and for identification of genes involved in physiological responses to heat stress. C1 [Dikmen, Serdal] Uludag Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Anim Sci, Bursa, Turkey. [Cole, John B.; Null, Daniel J.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hansen, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, DH Barron Reprod & Perinatal Biol Res Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hansen, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Hansen, PJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, DH Barron Reprod & Perinatal Biol Res Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pjhansen@animal.ufl.edu RI Yevheniia, Bohatyrova/A-6066-2015; Cole, John/J-8571-2014; Irina , Kosareva/O-2936-2016 OI Yevheniia, Bohatyrova/0000-0002-3922-6694; Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401; Irina , Kosareva/0000-0003-2522-5575 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-85122-20623, 2013-68004-20365]; Southeast Dairy Inc. Milk Checkoff Program FX Research was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants 2010-85122-20623 and 2013-68004-20365 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and a grant from Southeast Dairy Inc. Milk Checkoff Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 23 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e69202 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069202 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 228SX UT WOS:000325211000089 PM 23935954 ER PT J AU Pantin-Jackwood, M Swayne, DE Smith, D Shepherd, E AF Pantin-Jackwood, Mary Swayne, David E. Smith, Diane Shepherd, Eric TI Effect of species, breed and route of virus inoculation on the pathogenicity of H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza (HPAI) viruses in domestic ducks SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; AVIAN INFLUENZA; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; MUSCOVY DUCKS; A VIRUSES; HONG-KONG; PEKIN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTION; PATHOBIOLOGY AB H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses continue to be a threat to poultry in many regions of the world. Domestic ducks have been recognized as one of the primary factors in the spread of H5N1 HPAI. In this study we examined the pathogenicity of H5N1 HPAI viruses in different species and breeds of domestic ducks and the effect of route of virus inoculation on the outcome of infection. We determined that the pathogenicity of H5N1 HPAI viruses varies between the two common farmed duck species, with Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) presenting more severe disease than various breeds of Anas platyrhynchos var. domestica ducks including Pekin, Mallard-type, Black Runners, Rouen, and Khaki Campbell ducks. We also found that Pekin and Muscovy ducks inoculated with two H5N1 HPAI viruses of different virulence, given by any one of three routes (intranasal, intracloacal, or intraocular), became infected with the viruses. Regardless of the route of inoculation, the outcome of infection was similar for each species but depended on the virulence of the virus used. Muscovy ducks showed more severe clinical signs and higher mortality than the Pekin ducks. In conclusion, domestic ducks are susceptible to H5N1 HPAI virus infection by different routes of exposure, but the presentation of the disease varied by virus strain and duck species. This information helps support the planning and implementation of H5N1 HPAI surveillance and control measures in countries with large domestic duck populations. C1 [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary; Swayne, David E.; Smith, Diane; Shepherd, Eric] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Pantin-Jackwood, M (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mary.pantin-jackwood@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture Research Service CRIS Project [6612-32000-048]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN266200700007C] FX The authors appreciate the assistance provided by Ronald Graham and Roger Brock in conducting these studies. This work has been funded by the Agriculture Research Service CRIS Project 6612-32000-048 and with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN266200700007C. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 58 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD JUL 22 PY 2013 VL 44 AR 62 DI 10.1186/1297-9716-44-62 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 195UR UT WOS:000322729600001 PM 23876184 ER PT J AU Cochran, RL Collins, HP Alva, AK AF Cochran, R. L. Collins, H. P. Alva, A. K. TI Response of Selected Soil Microbial Populations and Activities to Land Conversion SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Microbial biomass; microbial populations; nitrification; nitrifying bacteria; substrate-induced respiration ID SHRUB-STEPPE ECOSYSTEM; INDUCED RESPIRATION METHOD; ORGANIC-MATTER POOLS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; BIOCHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; FUMIGATION-INCUBATION; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; CROPPING SYSTEMS; REDUCED TILLAGE AB A native shrub-steppe ecosystem converted to a series of irrigated agricultural fields was evaluated for biological indicators that may signal changes in soil processes during the initial stages of conversion and disturbance. Nine sites including undisturbed native shrub-steppe and center-pivot-irrigated fields with 1, 2, and 3 years of cultivation following conversion were evaluated. Cultivated fields had greater populations of culturable aerobic and pseudomonad bacteria, greater populations of nitrifying bacteria, increased nitrification potential, greater values of microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and different rates of substrate-induced respiration compared to native sites. Disturbance and soil mixing from field development, tillage, irrigation, compost amendments, and residue incorporation contributed to shifts in soil microbial populations and activities following conversion. Differences observed in microbial characteristics were influenced more by conversion of the native ecosystem to an irrigated agroecosystem and the addition of compost than by the length of time of cultivation. C1 [Cochran, R. L.; Collins, H. P.; Alva, A. K.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable & Forage Res Unit, Prosser, WA USA. RP Collins, HP (reprint author), USDA ARS PWA, 24106 North Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM hal.collins@.ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD JUL 20 PY 2013 VL 44 IS 13 BP 1976 EP 1991 DI 10.1080/00103624.2013.790405 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 184JH UT WOS:000321885400005 ER PT J AU Cassida, KA Foster, JG Gonzalez, JM Zobel, RW Sanderson, MA AF Cassida, K. A. Foster, J. G. Gonzalez, J. M. Zobel, R. W. Sanderson, M. A. TI Response of Forage Chicory Seedlings to Available Soil Phosphorus in Two Soils in a Controlled Environment SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Chicory; forage; phosphorus fertility ID CICHORIUM-INTYBUS L.; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; PLANTAIN; YIELD; CULTIVARS; ENDIVE; MATTER AB Poor phosphorus (P) fertility is a problem limiting productivity on unimproved Appalachian soils and has been implicated in poor palatability of forage chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Three cultivars were grown in a greenhouse at varying soil P levels in Gilpin and Hagerstown silt loam soils and harvested 48 and 77 days after planting. In Gilpin soil, available soil P (ASP) was positively associated with dry shoot mass, leaf mass, leaf area, and leaves per plant and negatively associated with specific leaf area. In Hagerstown soil, ASP was positively associated only with only dry shoot and leaf mass. At equivalent ASP levels, dry shoot and leaf mass, leaf area, and shoot concentrations of P, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were always greater in Hagerstown than Gilpin soil, whereas specific leaf area was less. Equalization of ASP concentration and environmental conditions did not eliminate growth-limiting differences between Gilpin and Hagerstown soils for chicory. C1 [Cassida, K. A.; Foster, J. G.] ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, USDA, Beaver, WV USA. [Gonzalez, J. M.] ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, USDA, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Zobel, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Sanderson, M. A.] ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, Mandan, ND USA. RP Cassida, KA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, 1066 Bogue St Rm A486, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM cassida@msu.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD JUL 20 PY 2013 VL 44 IS 13 BP 1992 EP 2007 DI 10.1080/00103624.2013.788657 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 184JH UT WOS:000321885400006 ER PT J AU Nandety, RS Fofanov, VY Koshinsky, H Stenge, DC Falk, BW AF Nandety, Raja Sekhar Fofanov, Viacheslav Y. Koshinsky, Heather Stenge, Drake C. Falk, Bryce W. TI Small RNA populations for two unrelated viruses exhibit different biases in strand polarity and proximity to terminal sequences in the insect host Homalodisca vitripennis SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Homalodisca vitripennis reovirus; Homalodisca coagulata virus-1; Glassy-winged sharpshooter; Reoviridae; Dicistroviridae ID GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; MOSQUITO CELLS; INTERFERENCE; GENOME; CICADELLIDAE; TECHNOLOGIES; CALIFORNIA; DISCOVERY; HEMIPTERA AB Next generation sequence analyses were used to assess virus-derived small RNA (vsRNA) profiles for Homalodisca coagulata virus-1 (HoCV-1), family Dicistroviridae, and Homalodisca vitripennis reovirus (HoVRV), family Reoviridae, from virus-infected H. vitripennis, the glassy-winged sharpshooter. The vsRNA reads were mapped against the monopartite genome of HoCV-1 and all 12 genome segments of HoVRV, and 21 nt vsRNAs were most common. However, strikingly contrasting patterns for the HoCV-1 and HoVRV genomic RNAs were observed. The majority of HoCV-1 vsRNAs mapped to the genomic positive-strand RNA and, although minor hotspots were observed, vsRNAs mapped across the entire genomic RNA. In contrast, HoVRV vsRNAs mapped to both positive and negative-sense strands for all genome segments, but different genomic segments showed distinct hotspots. The HoVRV vsRNAs were more common for 5' and 3' regions of HoVRV regions of all segments. These data suggest that taxonomically different viruses in the same host offer different targets for RNA-antiviral defense. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nandety, Raja Sekhar; Falk, Bryce W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fofanov, Viacheslav Y.; Koshinsky, Heather] Eureka Genom, Hercules, CA 94547 USA. [Stenge, Drake C.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Falk, BW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bwfalk@ucdavis.edu FU USDA FX This work was supported by grants awarded to Dr. Bryce W. Falk from the USDA-funded University of California Pierce's Disease Research Grants Program. We would like to thank Jessica Nguyen for sequence data generation, Maria Shin for library preparation and sequence data generation and Jingtao Liu for assistance in sequence data analysis. We thank Tera L Pitman for assistance with insect colony maintenance. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 20 PY 2013 VL 442 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.04.005 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 168DW UT WOS:000320686900003 PM 23642540 ER PT J AU Bai, KX Liu, CS Shi, RH Zhang, Y Gao, W AF Bai, Kaixu Liu, Chaoshun Shi, Runhe Zhang, Yuan Gao, Wei TI Global validation of FY-3A total ozone unit (TOU) total ozone columns using ground-based Brewer and Dobson measurements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC OZONE; SPECTROPHOTOMETERS; HOLE; RETRIEVAL; DEPLETION; SCOTLAND; ATHENS AB Analysis of the accuracy and variability of total ozone columns (TOC) has been conducted by many studies, while the TOC observations derived from the total ozone unit (TOU) on board the Chinese FengYun-3A (FY-3A) satellite platform are notably less well documented. Therefore, in this present study, we mainly focus on the global-scale validation of TOU-derived total ozone column data by comparing them with spatially and temporally co-located ground-based measurements from the well-established Brewer and Dobson spectrophotometer for the period July 2009 through December 2011. The results show that TOU-derived total ozone column data yields high accuracy, with the root mean square error less than 5% in comparison with ground-based measurements. Meanwhile, TOU underestimates Brewer measurements by 1.1% in the Northern Hemisphere and overestimates Dobson total ozone 0.3% globally. In addition, TOU-derived total ozone shows no significant dependence on latitude in comparison with either Brewer or Dobson total ozone measurements. Nevertheless, a significant dependence of TOU-derived total ozone is observed on the solar zenith angle (SZA) in comparison with both Brewer and Dobson, demonstrating that TOU underestimates at large SZA and overestimates at small SZA. Finally, the dependence of satellite ground-based relative difference for total ozone values shows fair agreement when total ozone values are in the range 250450 Dobson units (DU). Overall, the Chinese FY-3A/TOU performs well on total ozone retrieval with high accuracy, and the total ozone data derived from the TOU can be used as a reliable data source for ozone monitoring and other atmospheric applications. C1 [Bai, Kaixu; Liu, Chaoshun; Shi, Runhe; Zhang, Yuan; Gao, Wei] E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Liu, CS (reprint author), E China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. EM csliu@re.ecnu.edu.cn RI Gao, Wei/O-1208-2013; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 FU National Basic Research Programme of China [2010CB951603]; Shanghai Science and Technology Support Programme-Special for EXPO [10DZ0581600]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41101037] FX This work was partly supported by the National Basic Research Programme of China (Grant No. 2010CB951603), the Shanghai Science and Technology Support Programme-Special for EXPO (Grant No. 10DZ0581600), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41101037). The authors thank the FENGYUN Satellite Data Centre, the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center, and the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Data Centre for their data support. We also thank the anonymous reviewer for thoughtful and detailed comments that substantially improved our article. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD JUL 20 PY 2013 VL 34 IS 14 BP 5228 EP 5242 DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.788264 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 127WC UT WOS:000317728600020 ER PT J AU Chatziefstratiou, EK Bohrer, G Bova, AS Subramanian, R Frasson, RPM Scherzer, A Butler, BW Dickinson, MB AF Chatziefstratiou, Efthalia K. Bohrer, Gil Bova, Anthony S. Subramanian, Ravishankar Frasson, Renato P. M. Scherzer, Amy Butler, Bret W. Dickinson, Matthew B. TI FireStem2D-A Two-Dimensional Heat Transfer Model for Simulating Tree Stem Injury in Fires SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAMBIUM NECROSIS; TISSUE NECROSIS; SURFACE FIRES; FOREST-FIRES; MORTALITY; TEMPERATURES; PREDICTION; BARK AB FireStem2D, a software tool for predicting tree stem heating and injury in forest fires, is a physically-based, two-dimensional model of stem thermodynamics that results from heating at the bark surface. It builds on an earlier one-dimensional model (FireStem) and provides improved capabilities for predicting fire-induced mortality and injury before a fire occurs by resolving stem moisture loss, temperatures through the stem, degree of bark charring, and necrotic depth around the stem. We present the results of numerical parameterization and model evaluation experiments for FireStem2D that simulate laboratory stem-heating experiments of 52 tree sections from 25 trees. We also conducted a set of virtual sensitivity analysis experiments to test the effects of unevenness of heating around the stem and with aboveground height using data from two studies: a low-intensity surface fire and a more intense crown fire. The model allows for improved understanding and prediction of the effects of wildland fire on injury and mortality of trees of different species and sizes. C1 [Chatziefstratiou, Efthalia K.; Bohrer, Gil; Bova, Anthony S.; Subramanian, Ravishankar; Frasson, Renato P. M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Geodet Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bova, Anthony S.; Scherzer, Amy; Dickinson, Matthew B.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH USA. [Butler, Bret W.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. RP Chatziefstratiou, EK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Geodet Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM chatziefstratiou.1@osu.edu OI Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219; Bohrer, Gil/0000-0002-9209-9540; Frasson, Renato Prata de Moraes/0000-0003-4299-1730 FU NASA-NESSF-Earth Sciences Fellowship [NNX09AO26]; US Forest Service, Delaware Research Station [09-CR-11242302-033] FX The study was funded by NASA-NESSF-Earth Sciences Fellowship #NNX09AO26 to Anthony Bova and Gil Bohrer, and by the National Fire Plan through agreement #09-CR-11242302-033 from the US Forest Service, Delaware Research Station. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 19 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e70110 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070110 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 191CY UT WOS:000322391400082 PM 23894599 ER PT J AU Pontiroli, A Khera, TT Oakley, BB Mason, S Dowd, SE Travis, ER Erenso, G Aseffa, A Courtenay, O Wellington, EMH AF Pontiroli, Alessandra Khera, Tanya T. Oakley, Brian B. Mason, Sam Dowd, Scot E. Travis, Emma R. Erenso, Girum Aseffa, Abraham Courtenay, Orin Wellington, Elizabeth M. H. TI Prospecting Environmental Mycobacteria: Combined Molecular Approaches Reveal Unprecedented Diversity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; GENUS MYCOBACTERIUM; RARE BIOSPHERE; SEQUENCE DATA; FOREST SOIL; AVIUM; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: Environmental mycobacteria (EM) include species commonly found in various terrestrial and aquatic environments, encompassing animal and human pathogens in addition to saprophytes. Approximately 150 EM species can be separated into fast and slow growers based on sequence and copy number differences of their 16S rRNA genes. Cultivation methods are not appropriate for diversity studies; few studies have investigated EM diversity in soil despite their importance as potential reservoirs of pathogens and their hypothesized role in masking or blocking M. bovis BCG vaccine. Methods: We report here the development, optimization and validation of molecular assays targeting the 16S rRNA gene to assess diversity and prevalence of fast and slow growing EM in representative soils from semi tropical and temperate areas. New primer sets were designed also to target uniquely slow growing mycobacteria and used with PCR-DGGE, tag-encoded Titanium amplicon pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR. Results: PCR-DGGE and pyrosequencing provided a consensus of EM diversity; for example, a high abundance of pyrosequencing reads and DGGE bands corresponded to M. moriokaense, M. colombiense and M. riyadhense. As expected pyrosequencing provided more comprehensive information; additional prevalent species included M. chlorophenolicum, M. neglectum, M. gordonae, M. aemonae. Prevalence of the total Mycobacterium genus in the soil samples ranged from 2.3x10(7) to 2.7x10(8) gene targets g(-1); slow growers prevalence from 2.9x10(5) to 1.2x10(7) cells g(-1). Conclusions: This combined molecular approach enabled an unprecedented qualitative and quantitative assessment of EM across soil samples. Good concordance was found between methods and the bioinformatics analysis was validated by random resampling. Sequences from most pathogenic groups associated with slow growth were identified in extenso in all soils tested with a specific assay, allowing to unmask them from the Mycobacterium whole genus, in which, as minority members, they would have remained undetected. C1 [Pontiroli, Alessandra; Khera, Tanya T.; Mason, Sam; Travis, Emma R.; Courtenay, Orin; Wellington, Elizabeth M. H.] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Oakley, Brian B.] USDA ARS, RBRRC, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] Mol Res LP MR DNA, Shallowater, TX USA. [Erenso, Girum; Aseffa, Abraham] Armauer Hansen Res Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP Pontiroli, A (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. EM alessandra.pontiroli@gmail.com RI Aseffa, Abraham/J-3248-2016 OI Aseffa, Abraham/0000-0002-8028-1150 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBSRCBB/E020925/] FX This work was funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BBSRCBB/E020925/ grant to OC and EMHW. The authors wish to thank Catriona Munro for her technical help. A Material Transfer Agreement was made with the Institute of Biodiversity and Conservation, Ethiopia, for export of soils. A DEFRA License to import, move and keep prohibited soil (License No. PHL 208/6138) was issued. The funders had no role in study design, data collection or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 33 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68648 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068648 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 214PM UT WOS:000324146200024 PM 23874704 ER PT J AU Keenan, TF Hollinger, DY Bohrer, G Dragoni, D Munger, JW Schmid, HP Richardson, AD AF Keenan, Trevor F. Hollinger, David Y. Bohrer, Gil Dragoni, Danilo Munger, J. William Schmid, Hans Peter Richardson, Andrew D. TI Increase in forest water-use efficiency as atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations rise SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; ELEVATED CO2; RESPONSES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PRODUCTIVITY; LESSONS; GROWTH; SEASON; SITES AB Terrestrial plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, a process that is accompanied by the loss of water vapour from leaves(1). The ratio of water loss to carbon gain, or water-use efficiency, is a key characteristic of ecosystem function that is central to the global cycles of water, energy and carbon(2). Here we analyse direct, long-term measurements of whole-ecosystem carbon and water exchange(3). We find a substantial increase in water-use efficiency in temperate and boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere over the past two decades. We systematically assess various competing hypotheses to explain this trend, and find that the observed increase is most consistent with a strong CO2 fertilization effect. The results suggest a partial closure of stomata(1)-small pores on the leaf surface that regulate gas exchange-to maintain a near-constant concentration of CO2 inside the leaf even under continually increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. The observed increase in forest water-use efficiency is larger than that predicted by existing theory and 13 terrestrial biosphere models. The increase is associated with trends of increasing ecosystem-level photosynthesis and net carbon uptake, and decreasing evapotranspiration. Our findings suggest a shift in the carbon-and water-based economics of terrestrial vegetation, which may require a reassessment of the role of stomatal control in regulating interactions between forests and climate change, and a re-evaluation of coupled vegetation-climate models. C1 [Keenan, Trevor F.; Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hollinger, David Y.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Bohrer, Gil] Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Geodet Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dragoni, Danilo] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schmid, Hans Peter] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, IMK IFU, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. RP Keenan, TF (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM tkeenan@oeb.harvard.edu; arichardson@oeb.harvard.edu RI Schmid, Hans Peter/I-1224-2012; Keenan, Trevor/B-2744-2010; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Munger, J/H-4502-2013; OI Schmid, Hans Peter/0000-0001-9076-4466; Keenan, Trevor/0000-0002-3347-0258; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452; Bohrer, Gil/0000-0002-9209-9540 FU NOAA Climate Program Office, Global Carbon Cycle Program [NA11OAR4310054]; Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research), US Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [DEB-0911461, DEB-1114804]; US Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program [DE-FG02-04ER63917, DE-FG02-04ER63911, DE-SC0006708]; CFCAS; NSERC; BIOCAP; Environment Canada; NRCan; CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; University of Tuscia; Universite Laval and Environment Canada; US Department of Energy; USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station; Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy FX This research was supported by the NOAA Climate Program Office, Global Carbon Cycle Program (award NA11OAR4310054) and the Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research), US Department of Energy. G. B. acknowledges a grant from the National Science Foundation (grant number DEB-0911461). This work used eddy covariance data acquired by the FLUXNET community and in particular by the AmeriFlux, CarboEuropeIP and Fluxnet-Canada networks. AmeriFlux was supported by the US Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program (grant numbers DE-FG02-04ER63917 and DE-FG02-04ER63911, DE-SC0006708) and Fluxnet-Canada was supported by CFCAS, NSERC, BIOCAP, Environment Canada and NRCan. We acknowledge financial support of the eddy covariance data harmonization provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, the Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, Universite Laval and Environment Canada and US Department of Energy and of the database development and technical support from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of California-Berkeley, University of Virginia. We thank all those involved in the NACP Site Synthesis, inparticular the modelling teams who provided model output. Research at the Bartlett Experimental Forest tower is supported by the National Science Foundation (grant DEB-1114804), and the USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station. Research at Howland Forest is supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy. Carbon flux and biometric measurements at Harvard Forest have been supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research programmes. We thank S. Ollinger and S. Frey for maintaining the long-term leaf nitrogen measurements at Harvard Forest, and B. Yang for providing gap-filled meteorological data for the regional focus sites. NR 33 TC 201 Z9 206 U1 44 U2 453 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 18 PY 2013 VL 499 IS 7458 BP 324 EP + DI 10.1038/nature12291 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 184RJ UT WOS:000321910700033 PM 23842499 ER PT J AU Barkley, NA Isleib, TG Wang, ML Pittman, RN AF Barkley, Noelle A. Isleib, Thomas G. Wang, Ming Li Pittman, Roy N. TI Genotypic effect of ahFAD2 on fatty acid profiles in six segregating peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) populations SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Real-time PCR; Gas chromatography; ahFAD2; High oleic peanuts; Fatty acids; Segregation ratios ID HIGH-OLEATE TRAIT; HIGH OLEIC-ACID; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; GERMPLASM COLLECTION; NEMATODE RESISTANCE; REGISTRATION; DESATURASE; DIET; OIL; INHERITANCE AB Background: Fatty acid composition of oil extracted from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed is an important quality trait because it may affect the flavor and shelf life of resulting food products. In particular, a high ratio of oleic (C18:1) relative to linoleic (C18:2) fatty acid (O/L >= 10) results in a longer shelf life. Previous reports suggest that the high oleic (similar to 80%) trait was controlled by recessive alleles of ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B, the former of which is thought to have a high frequency in US runner-and virginia-type cultivars. Functional mutations, G448A in ahFAD2A and 442insA in ahFAD2B eliminate or knock down desaturase activity and have been demonstrated to produce peanut oil with high O/L ratios. In order to employ marker assisted selection (MAS) to select a high oleic disease resistant peanut and to evaluate genotypic and phenotypic variation, crosses were made between high oleic (similar to 80%) and normal oleic (similar to 50%) peanuts to produce segregating populations. Results: A total of 539 F-2 progenies were randomly selected to empirically determine each ahFAD2 genotype and the resulting fatty acid composition. Five of the six crosses segregated for the high oleic trait in a digenic fashion. The remaining cross was consistent with monogenic segregation because both parental genotypes were fixed for the ahFAD2A mutation. Segregation distortion was significant in ahFAD2A in one cross; however, the remaining crosses showed no distortion. Quantitative analyses revealed that dominance was incomplete for the wild type allele of ahFAD2, and both loci showed significant additive effects. Oleic and linoleic acid displayed five unique phenotypes, based on the number of ahFAD2 mutant alleles. Further, the ahFAD2 loci did exhibit pleiotropic interactions with palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) acids and the O/L ratio. Fatty acid levels in these progeny were affected by the parental genotype suggesting that other genes also influence fatty acid composition in peanut. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first study in which all of the nine possible ahFAD2 genotypes were quantitatively measured. Conclusions: The inheritance of the high oleic trait initially was suggested to be controlled by dominant gene action from two homoeologous genes (ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B) exhibiting complete recessivity. Analyzing the ahFAD2 genotypes and fatty acid compositions of these segregating peanut populations clearly demonstrated that the fatty acid contents are quantitative in nature although much of the variability in the predominant fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, and palmitic) is controlled by only two loci. C1 [Barkley, Noelle A.; Wang, Ming Li; Pittman, Roy N.] USDA ARS, Plant Germplasm Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Isleib, Thomas G.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Barkley, NA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Germplasm Resources Conservat Unit, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM Elle.Barkley@ars.usda.gov RI Barkley, Noelle/C-5815-2008 FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) [ECG-A-00-07-00001-00] FX The authors would like to grateful acknowledge Mr. Brandon Tonnis and Mrs. Jessica Norris for their help with gas chromatography and DNA extraction, respectively. We would also like to thank Drs. David Bertioli and Dan Gorbet for their suggestions to improve this manuscript. This research was partially supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) grant ECG-A-00-07-00001-00 to the Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP) located at the University of Georgia (UGA). USAID is not responsible for the content of this article. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 62 DI 10.1186/1471-2156-14-62 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 187QI UT WOS:000322133300001 PM 23866023 ER PT J AU Bai, YL Song, MH Cui, Y Shi, CL Wang, DP Paoli, GC Shi, XM AF Bai, Yalong Song, Minghui Cui, Yan Shi, Chunlei Wang, Dapeng Paoli, George C. Shi, Xianming TI A rapid method for the detection of foodborne pathogens by extraction of a trace amount of DNA from raw milk based on amino-modified silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles and polymerase chain reaction SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Amino-modified silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles; Pathogens; Salmonella Enteritidis; Listeria monocytogenes; Polymerase chain reaction; Milk ID REAL-TIME PCR; COMPARATIVE GENOMIC ANALYSIS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; MULTIPLEX PCR; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION; SAMPLE PREPARATION; SALMONELLA SPP.; IMS; NANOCRYSTALS; COMPONENTS AB A method based on amino-modified silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (ASMNPs) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to rapidly and sensitively detect foodborne pathogens in raw milk. After optimizing parameters such as pH, temperature, and time, a trace amount of genomic DNA of pathogens could be extracted directly from complex matrices such as raw milk using ASMNPs. The magnetically separated complexes of genomic DNA and ASMNPs were directly subjected to single PCR (S-PCR) or multiplex PCR (M-PCR) to detect single or multiple pathogens from raw milk samples. Salmonella Enteritidis (Gram-negative) and Listeria monocytogenes (Gram-positive) were used as model organisms to artificially contaminate raw milk samples. After magnetic separation and S-PCR, the detection sensitivities were 8 CFU mL(-1) and 13 CFU mL(-1) respectively for these two types of pathogens. Furthermore, this method was successfully used to detect multiple pathogens (S. Enteritidis and L. monocytogenes) from artificially contaminated raw milk using M-PCR at sensitivities of 15 CFU mL(-1) and 25 CFU mL(-1), respectively. This method has great potential to rapidly and sensitively detect pathogens in raw milk or other complex food matrices. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bai, Yalong; Song, Minghui; Cui, Yan; Shi, Chunlei; Wang, Dapeng; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Bai, Yalong; Song, Minghui; Cui, Yan; Shi, Chunlei; Wang, Dapeng; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Bor Luh Food Safety Ctr, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Bai, Yalong; Song, Minghui; Cui, Yan; Shi, Chunlei; Wang, Dapeng; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Paoli, George C.] ARS, USDA MOST Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Paoli, George C.] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Shi, XM (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. EM yalung@foxmail.com; xmshi@sjtu.edu.cn FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012AA101601, 2012BAK17B10, 2012BAD29B02]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31230058, 31000779, 31000063] FX This work was jointly supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos. 2012AA101601, 2012BAK17B10 and 2012BAD29B02) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31230058, 31000779 and 31000063). NR 34 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 80 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 787 BP 93 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.043 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 179CZ UT WOS:000321497400011 PM 23830426 ER PT J AU Kim, HK Lee, S Jo, SM McCormick, SP Butchko, RAE Proctor, RH Yun, SH AF Kim, Hee-Kyoung Lee, Seunghoon Jo, Seong-Mi McCormick, Susan P. Butchko, Robert A. E. Proctor, Robert H. Yun, Sung-Hwan TI Functional Roles of FgLaeA in Controlling Secondary Metabolism, Sexual Development, and Virulence in Fusarium graminearum SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN REGULATORY GENE; HEAD BLIGHT PATHOGEN; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; GENEALOGICAL CONCORDANCE; MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION; POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; CHEMICAL DIVERSITY; SPECIES COMPLEX; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight in cereal crops, produces mycotoxins such as trichothecenes and zearalenone in infected plants. Here, we focused on the function of FgLaeA in F. graminearum, a homolog of Aspergillus nidulans LaeA encoding the global regulator for both secondary metabolism and sexual development. Prior to gene analysis, we constructed a novel luciferase reporter system consisting of a transgenic F. graminearum strain expressing a firefly luciferase gene under control of the promoter for either TRI6 or ZEB2 controlling the biosynthesis of these mycotoxins. Targeted deletion of FgLaeA led to a dramatic reduction of luminescence in reporter strains, indicating that FgLaeA controls the expression of these transcription factors in F. graminearum; reduced toxin accumulation was further confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Overexpression of FgLaeA caused the increased production of trichothecenes and additional metabolites. RNA seq-analysis revealed that gene member(s) belonging to similar to 70% of total tentative gene clusters, which were previously proposed, were differentially expressed in the DFgLaeA strain. In addition, Delta FgLaeA strains exhibited an earlier induction of sexual fruiting body (perithecia) formation and drastically reduced disease symptoms in wheat, indicating that FgLaeA seems to negatively control perithecial induction, but positively control virulence toward the host plant. FgLaeA was constitutively expressed under both mycotoxin production and sexual development conditions. Overexpression of a GFP-FgLaeA fusion construct in the DFgLaeA strain restored all phenotypic changes to wild-type levels and led to constitutive expression of GFP in both nuclei and cytoplasm at different developmental stages. A split luciferase assay demonstrated that FgLaeA was able to interact with FgVeA, a homolog of A. nidulans veA. Taken together, these results demonstrate that FgLaeA, a member of putative FgVeA complex, controls secondary metabolism, sexual development, and virulence in F. graminearum, although the specific regulation pattern differs from that of LaeA in A. nidulans. C1 [Kim, Hee-Kyoung; Lee, Seunghoon; Jo, Seong-Mi; Yun, Sung-Hwan] Soonchunhyang Univ, Dept Med Biotechnol, Asan, South Korea. [McCormick, Susan P.; Butchko, Robert A. E.; Proctor, Robert H.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Yun, SH (reprint author), Soonchunhyang Univ, Dept Med Biotechnol, Asan, South Korea. EM sy14@sch.ac.kr FU R&D Convergence Center Support Program, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea; Next-Generation Bio Green21 Program, the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ008210] FX This research was supported by the R&D Convergence Center Support Program, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea, and by a grant from the Next-Generation Bio Green21 Program (no. PJ008210), the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 47 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68441 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068441 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 186SF UT WOS:000322064300035 PM 23874628 ER PT J AU Ramadugu, C Pfeil, BE Keremane, ML Lee, RF Maureira-Butler, IJ Roose, ML AF Ramadugu, Chandrika Pfeil, Bernard E. Keremane, Manjunath L. Lee, Richard F. Maureira-Butler, Ivan J. Roose, Mikeal L. TI A Six Nuclear Gene Phylogeny of Citrus (Rutaceae) Taking into Account Hybridization and Lineage Sorting SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; RESISTANCE GENES; MOSAIC STRUCTURE; RFLP ANALYSIS; RECOMBINATION; INCONGRUENCE; SEQUENCES; MARKERS; MITOCHONDRIAL; DIVERSITY AB Background: Genus Citrus (Rutaceae) comprises many important cultivated species that generally hybridize easily. Phylogenetic study of a group showing extensive hybridization is challenging. Since the genus Citrus has diverged recently (4-12 Ma), incomplete lineage sorting of ancestral polymorphisms is also likely to cause discrepancies among genes in phylogenetic inferences. Incongruence of gene trees is observed and it is essential to unravel the processes that cause inconsistencies in order to understand the phylogenetic relationships among the species. Methodology and Principal Findings: (1) We generated phylogenetic trees using haplotype sequences of six low copy nuclear genes. (2) Published simple sequence repeat data were re-analyzed to study population structure and the results were compared with the phylogenetic trees constructed using sequence data and coalescence simulations. (3) To distinguish between hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting, we developed and utilized a coalescence simulation approach. In other studies, species trees have been inferred despite the possibility of hybridization having occurred and used to generate null distributions of the effect of lineage sorting alone (by coalescent simulation). Since this is problematic, we instead generate these distributions directly from observed gene trees. Of the six trees generated, we used the most resolved three to detect hybrids. We found that 11 of 33 samples appear to be affected by historical hybridization. Analysis of the remaining three genes supported the conclusions from the hybrid detection test. Conclusions: We have identified or confirmed probable hybrid origins for several Citrus cultivars using three different approaches-gene phylogenies, population structure analysis and coalescence simulation. Hybridization and incomplete lineage sorting were identified primarily based on differences among gene phylogenies with reference to null expectations via coalescence simulations. We conclude that identifying hybridization as a frequent cause of incongruence among gene trees is critical to correctly infer the phylogeny among species of Citrus. C1 [Ramadugu, Chandrika; Roose, Mikeal L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Pfeil, Bernard E.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Pfeil, Bernard E.] Gothenburg Univ, DBES, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Keremane, Manjunath L.; Lee, Richard F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA USA. [Maureira-Butler, Ivan J.] Agriaquaculture Nutr Genom Ctr, Genom & Bioinformat Unit, Temuco, Chile. RP Pfeil, BE (reprint author), Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT, Australia. EM bernard.pfeil@bioenv.gu.se RI Pfeil, Bernard/C-1108-2008 OI Pfeil, Bernard/0000-0001-8179-2270 FU Citrus Research Board and Citrus Research and Development Fund FX Funding from the Citrus Research Board and Citrus Research and Development Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 70 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 34 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68410 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068410 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 186SF UT WOS:000322064300030 PM 23874615 ER PT J AU Yang, YZ Jittayasothorn, Y Chronis, D Wang, XH Cousins, P Zhong, GY AF Yang, Yingzhen Jittayasothorn, Yingyos Chronis, Demosthenis Wang, Xiaohong Cousins, Peter Zhong, Gan-Yuan TI Molecular Characteristics and Efficacy of 16D10 siRNAs in Inhibiting Root-Knot Nematode Infection in Transgenic Grape Hairy Roots SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; DICER-LIKE PROTEINS; RNA INTERFERENCE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GC PREFERENCE; GENE; RESISTANCE; EXPRESSION; DESIGN; SYSTEM AB Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) infect many annual and perennial crops and are the most devastating soil-born pests in vineyards. To develop a biotech-based solution for controlling RKNs in grapes, we evaluated the efficacy of plant-derived RNA interference (RNAi) silencing of a conserved RKN effector gene, 16D10, for nematode resistance in transgenic grape hairy roots. Two hairpin-based silencing constructs, containing a stem sequence of 42 bp (pART27-42) or 271 bp (pART27-271) of the 16D10 gene, were transformed into grape hairy roots and compared for their small interfering RNA (siRNA) production and efficacy on suppression of nematode infection. Transgenic hairy root lines carrying either of the two RNAi constructs showed less susceptibility to nematode infection compared with control. Small RNA libraries from four pART27-42 and two pART27-271 hairy root lines were sequenced using an Illumina sequencing technology. The pART27-42 lines produced hundred times more 16D10-specific siRNAs than the pART27-271 lines. On average the 16D10 siRNA population had higher GC content than the 16D10 stem sequences in the RNAi constructs, supporting previous observation that plant dicer-like enzymes prefer GC-rich sequences as substrates for siRNA production. The stems of the 16D10 RNAi constructs were not equally processed into siRNAs. Several hot spots for siRNA production were found in similar positions of the hairpin stems in pART27-42 and pART27-271. Interestingly, stem sequences at the loop terminus produced more siRNAs than those at the stem base. Furthermore, the relative abundance of guide and passenger single-stranded RNAs from putative siRNA duplexes was largely correlated with their 59 end thermodynamic strength. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using a plant-derived RNAi approach for generation of novel nematode resistance in grapes and revealed several interesting molecular characteristics of transgene siRNAs important for optimizing plant RNAi constructs. C1 [Yang, Yingzhen; Jittayasothorn, Yingyos; Cousins, Peter; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY USA. [Jittayasothorn, Yingyos] NEI, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Chronis, Demosthenis; Wang, Xiaohong] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cousins, Peter] E&J Gallo Winery, Modesto, CA USA. RP Zhong, GY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY USA. EM ganyuan.zhong@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Project [1910-21220-004-00D] FX This project was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Project 1910-21220-004-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 37 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e69463 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069463 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 186SF UT WOS:000322064300102 PM 23874962 ER PT J AU Zhu, YR Wu, FC He, ZQ Guo, JY Qu, XX Xie, FZ Giesy, JP Liao, HQ Guo, F AF Zhu, Yuanrong Wu, Fengchang He, Zhongqi Guo, Jianyang Qu, Xiaoxia Xie, Fazhi Giesy, John P. Liao, Haiqing Guo, Fei TI Characterization of Organic Phosphorus in Lake Sediments by Sequential Fractionation and Enzymatic Hydrolysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY; EUTROPHIC LAKE; INOSITOL HEXAPHOSPHATE; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; P-31 NMR; CHINA; FORMS; BIOAVAILABILITY; ADSORPTION; NITROGEN AB The role of sediment-bound organic phosphorus (P-o) on lake eutrophication was studied using sequential extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis by collecting sediments from Dianchi Lake, China. Bioavailable Po species including labile monoester P, diester P, and phytate-like P were identified in the sequential extractions by H2O, NaHCO3, and NaOH. For the H2O-P-o, 36.7% (average) was labile monoester P, 14.8% was diester P, and 69.9% was phytate-like P. In NaHCO3-P-o, 19.9% was labile monoester P, 17.5% was diester P, and 58.8% was phytate-like P. For NaOH-P-o, 25.6% was labile monoester P, 7.9% was diester P, and 35.9% was phytate-like P. Labile monoester P was active to support growth of algae to form blooms. Diester P mainly distributed in labile H2O and NaHCO3 fractions was readily available to cyanobacteria. Phytate-like P represents a major portion of the Po in the NaOH fractions, also in the more labile H2O and NaHCO3 fractions. Based on results of sequential extraction of P-o and enzymatic hydrolysis, lability and bioavailability was in decreasing order as follows: H2O-P-o > NaHCO3-P-o > NaOH-P-o, and bioavailable P-o accounted for only 12.1-27.2% of total P-o in sediments. These results suggest that the biogeochemical cycle of bioavailable Po might play an important role in maintaining the eutrophic status of lakes. C1 [Zhu, Yuanrong; Wu, Fengchang; Qu, Xiaoxia; Xie, Fazhi; Liao, Haiqing; Guo, Fei] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yuanrong; Qu, Xiaoxia] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [He, Zhongqi] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Guo, Jianyang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Environm Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. [Giesy, John P.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biomed & Vet Biosci, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Giesy, John P.] Univ Saskatchewan, Toxicol Ctr, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Giesy, John P.] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Biol & Chem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Giesy, John P.] City Univ Hong Kong, State Key Lab Marine Pollut, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Wu, FC (reprint author), Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. EM wufengchang@vip.skleg.cn OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 FU China's the National Natural Science Founation of China [40973090, 41261140337]; China's National Basic Research Program [2008CB418200] FX This research was jointly supported by China's the National Natural Science Founation of China (40973090, 41261140337) and China's National Basic Research Program (2008CB418200). NR 52 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 11 U2 116 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 16 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 14 BP 7679 EP 7687 DI 10.1021/es305277g PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 186QS UT WOS:000322059800015 PM 23731033 ER PT J AU Javadi, A Zheng, QF Payen, F Javadi, A Altin, Y Cai, ZY Sabo, R Gong, SQ AF Javadi, Alireza Zheng, Qifeng Payen, Francois Javadi, Abdolreza Altin, Yasin Cai, Zhiyong Sabo, Ronald Gong, Shaoqin TI Polyvinyl Alcohol-Cellulose Nanofibrils-Graphene Oxide Hybrid Organic Aerogels SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE organic aerogels; cellulose nanofibrils; graphene oxide; nanocomposites; thermal conductivity; hydrophobicity ID LINKED SILICA AEROGELS; STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS; POROUS 3D NANOSTRUCTURES; MECHANICALLY STRONG; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; FLEXIBLE AEROGELS; CROSS-LINKING; I NANOFIBERS; COMPOSITES AB Hybrid organic aerogels consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), and graphene oxide nanosheets (GONSs) were prepared using an environmentally friendly freeze-drying process. The material properties of these fabricated aerogels were measured and analyzed using various characterization techniques including, compression testing, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis, Bninatier-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and contact angle measurements. These environmentally friendly,. biobased hybrid organic aerogels exhibited a series of desirable properties including a high specific compressive strength and compressive failure strain, ultralow density and thermal conductivity, good thermal stability, and moisture resistance, making them potentially useful for a broad range of applications including thermal insulation. C1 [Javadi, Alireza; Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI 53715 USA. [Javadi, Alireza; Zheng, Qifeng; Payen, Francois; Altin, Yasin; Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Inst Discovery, Madison, WI USA. [Zheng, Qifeng; Payen, Francois; Javadi, Abdolreza; Altin, Yasin; Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Cai, Zhiyong; Sabo, Ronald] USDA, Forest Prod Labs, Madison, WI USA. RP Gong, SQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI 53715 USA. EM sgong@engr.wisc.edu FU National Science Foundation [CMMI 1032186]; USDA Forest Products Laboratory (Madison, WI) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Science Foundation (CMMI 1032186 and I-Corps) and USDA Forest Products Laboratory (Madison, WI). The authors are also thankful to Professor Eric R. Roden for providing access to the BET surface area analyzer. NR 58 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 23 U2 200 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 5 IS 13 BP 5969 EP 5975 DI 10.1021/am400171y PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 183JC UT WOS:000321810000014 PM 23789837 ER PT J AU Hu, Y Ellis, BL Yiu, YY Miller, MM Urban, JF Shi, LZ Aroian, RV AF Hu, Yan Ellis, Brian L. Yiu, Ying Y. Miller, Melanie M. Urban, Joseph F. Shi, Linda Z. Aroian, Raffi V. TI An Extensive Comparison of the Effect of Anthelmintic Classes on Diverse Nematodes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED HELMINTH INFECTIONS; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR AGONIST; IN-VIVO EFFICACY; HELIGMOSOMOIDES-POLYGYRUS; TRICHURIS-MURIS; ASCARIS-SUUM; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODE; ANCYLOSTOMA-CEYLANICUM; VITRO; DRUGS AB Soil-transmitted helminths are parasitic nematodes that inhabit the human intestine. These parasites, which include two hookworm species, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, the whipworm Trichuris trichiura, and the large roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, infect upwards of two billion people and are a major cause of disease burden in children and pregnant women. The challenge with treating these diseases is that poverty, safety, and inefficient public health policy have marginalized drug development and distribution to control infection in humans. Anthelmintics (anti-worm drugs) have historically been developed and tested for treatment of non-human parasitic nematodes that infect livestock and companion animals. Here we systematically compare the in vitro efficacy of all major anthelmintic classes currently used in human therapy (benzimidazoles, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists, macrocyclic lactones, nitazoxanide) against species closely related to human parasitic nematodes-Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Trichuris muris, and Ascaris suum- as well as a rodent parasitic nematode used in veterinary drug discovery, Heligmosomoides bakeri, and the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Extensive in vitro data is complemented with single-dose in vivo data in three rodent models of parasitic diseases. We find that the effects of the drugs in vitro and in vivo can vary greatly among these nematode species, e. g., the efficacy of albendazole is strong on A. ceylanicum but weak on H. bakeri. Nonetheless, certain commonalities of the in vitro effects of the drugs can be seen, e. g., nitazoxanide consistently shows an all-or-nothing response. Our in vitro data suggest that further optimization of the clinical efficacy of some of these anthelmintics could be achieved by altering the treatment routine and/or dosing. Most importantly, our in vitro and in vivo data indicate that the hookworm A. ceylanicum is a particularly sensitive and useful model for anthelmintic studies and should be incorporated early on in drug screens for broad-spectrum human soil-transmitted helminth therapies. C1 [Hu, Yan; Ellis, Brian L.; Yiu, Ying Y.; Miller, Melanie M.; Aroian, Raffi V.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Sect Cell & Dev Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Urban, Joseph F.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Shi, Linda Z.] Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Engn Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Aroian, RV (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Sect Cell & Dev Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM raroian@ucsd.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious [2R01AI056189]; Institute of One World Health FX This work was funded by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious grant 2R01AI056189 to RVA. and by grant from the Institute of One World Health to RVA. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e70702 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070702 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 200ZN UT WOS:000323110600046 PM 23869246 ER PT J AU Williams, MS Cao, Y Ebel, ED AF Williams, Michael S. Cao, Yong Ebel, Eric D. TI Sample size guidelines for fitting a lognormal probability distribution to censored most probable number data with a Markov chain Monte Carlo method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Food safety; Risk assessment; Lognormal distribution ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; FOOD; CONTAMINATION; POPULATION; SALMONELLA; PRODUCTS; STATES AB Levels of pathogenic organisms in food and water have steadily declined in many parts of the world. A consequence of this reduction is that the proportion of samples that test positive for the most contaminated product-pathogen pairings has fallen to less than 0.1. While this is unequivocally beneficial to public health, datasets with very few enumerated samples present an analytical challenge because a large proportion of the observations are censored values. One application of particular interest to risk assessors is the fitting of a statistical distribution function to datasets collected at some point in the farm-to-table continuum. The fitted distribution forms an important component of an exposure assessment. A number of studies have compared different fitting methods and proposed lower limits on the proportion of samples where the organisms of interest are identified and enumerated, with the recommended lower limit of enumerated samples being 0.2. This recommendation may not be applicable to food safety risk assessments for a number of reasons, which include the development of new Bayesian fitting methods, the use of highly sensitive screening tests, and the generally larger sample sizes found in surveys of food commodities. This study evaluates the performance of a Markov chain Monte Carlo fitting method when used in conjunction with a screening test and enumeration of positive samples by the Most Probable Number technique. The results suggest that levels of contamination for common product-pathogen pairs, such as Salmonella on poultry carcasses, can be reliably estimated with the proposed fitting method and samples sizes in excess of 500 observations. The results do, however, demonstrate that simple guidelines for this application, such as the proportion of positive samples, cannot be provided. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Williams, Michael S.; Ebel, Eric D.] Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Cao, Yong] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Williams, MS (reprint author), Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mike.williams@fsis.usda.gov NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 165 IS 2 BP 89 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.04.026 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 182EP UT WOS:000321724800003 PM 23727652 ER PT J AU Juneja, VK Gonzales-Barron, U Butler, F Yadav, AS Friedman, M AF Juneja, Vijay K. Gonzales-Barron, Ursula Butler, Francis Yadav, Ajit S. Friedman, Mendel TI Predictive thermal inactivation model for the combined effect of temperature, cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol on starvation-stressed multiple Salmonella serotypes in ground chicken SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pathogens; Chicken; Essential oils; Heat treatment; Predictive microbiology; Food safety ID NONLINEAR SURVIVAL CURVES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MODIFIED WEIBULL MODEL; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; HEAT-RESISTANCE; BREAST MEAT; Z-VALUES; ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESSES; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT AB We investigated the combined effect of three internal temperatures (60, 65 and 71.1 degrees C) and four concentrations (0.0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1% vol/wt) of two natural antimicrobials on the heat resistance of an eight-strain cocktail of Salmonella serovars in chicken meat. A complete factorial design (3 x 4 x 4) was used to assess the effects and interactions of heating temperature and the two antimicrobials, carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde. The 48 variable combinations were replicated to provide a total of 96 survivor curves from the experimental data. Mathematical models were then developed to quantify the combined effect of these parameters on heat resistance of starved Salmonella cells. The theoretical analysis shows that the addition of plant-derived antimicrobials overcomes the heat resistance of starvation-stressed Salmonella in ground chicken meat. The influence of the antimicrobials allows reduced heat treatments, thus reducing heat-induced damage to the nutritional quality of ground-chicken products. Although the reported omnibus log-linear model with tail and the omnibus sigmoid model could represent the experimental survivor curves, their discrepancy only became apparent in the present study when lethality times (D-values and t(7.0)) from each of the models were calculated. Given the concave nature of the inactivation curves, the log-linear model with tail greatly underestimates the times needed to obtain 7.0 log lethality. Thus, a polynomial secondary model, based on the sigmoid model, was developed to accurately predict the 7.0-log reduction times. The three-factor predictive model can be used to estimate the processing times and temperatures required to achieve specific log reductions, including the regulatory recommendation of 7.0-log reduction of Salmonella in ground chicken. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Juneja, Vijay K.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Butler, Francis] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Agr & Food Sci Ctr, UCD Sch Biosyst Engn, Dublin, Ireland. [Yadav, Ajit S.] Cent Avian Res Inst, Food Microbiol Lab, Izatnagar 43122, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Juneja, VK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM vijay.juneja@ars.usda.gov OI Gonzales-Barron, Ursula/0000-0002-8462-9775; Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU Indian Council of Agricultural Research (Government of India) FX The authors thank Ms. Angie Osoria for her technical assistance. Dr. Ajit S. Yadav would like to acknowledge the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (Government of India) which provided the funds for his training at the Eastern Regional Research Center. Dr. Gonzales-Barron and Dr. Butler wish to acknowledge the Food Institutional Research Measure (FIRM) administered by the Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. NR 64 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 165 IS 2 BP 184 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.04.025 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 182EP UT WOS:000321724800014 PM 23756235 ER PT J AU Epperson, S Jhung, M Richards, S Quinlisk, P Ball, L Moll, M Boulton, R Haddy, L Biggerstaff, M Brammer, L Trock, S Burns, E Gomez, T Wong, KK Katz, J Lindstrom, S Klimov, A Bresee, JS Jernigan, DB Cox, N Finelli, L AF Epperson, Scott Jhung, Michael Richards, Shawn Quinlisk, Patricia Ball, Lauren Moll, Maria Boulton, Rachelle Haddy, Loretta Biggerstaff, Matthew Brammer, Lynnette Trock, Susan Burns, Erin Gomez, Thomas Wong, Karen K. Katz, Jackie Lindstrom, Stephen Klimov, Alexander Bresee, Joseph S. Jernigan, Daniel B. Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn CA Influenza A H3N2 V TI Human Infections With Influenza A(H3N2) Variant Virus in the United States, 2011-2012 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; surveillance; public health ID JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1976; A H3N2 VIRUS; SWINE-INFLUENZA; 2 CHILDREN; FORT-DIX; TRANSMISSION; H1N1; WISCONSIN; OUTBREAK; PIGS AB Methods. A case was defined as a person with laboratory-confirmed H3N2v virus infection. Cases and contacts were interviewed to determine exposure to swine and other animals and to assess potential person-to-person transmission. Results. Median age of cases was 4 years, and 12 of 13 (92%) were children. Pig exposure was identified in 7 (54%) cases. Six of 7 cases with swine exposure (86%) touched pigs, and 1 (14%) was close to pigs without known direct contact. Six cases had no swine exposure, including 2 clusters of suspected person-to-person transmission. All cases had fever; 12 (92%) had respiratory symptoms, and 3 (23%) were hospitalized for influenza. All 13 cases recovered. Conclusions. H3N2v virus infections were identified at a high rate from August 2011 to April 2012, and cases without swine exposure were identified in influenza-like illness outbreaks, indicating that limited person-to-person transmission likely occurred. Variant influenza viruses rarely result in sustained person-to-person transmission; however, the potential for this H3N2v virus to transmit efficiently is of concern. With minimal preexisting immunity in children and the limited cross-protective effect from seasonal influenza vaccine, the majority of children are susceptible to infection with this novel influenza virus. C1 [Epperson, Scott; Jhung, Michael; Biggerstaff, Matthew; Brammer, Lynnette; Trock, Susan; Burns, Erin; Katz, Jackie; Lindstrom, Stephen; Klimov, Alexander; Bresee, Joseph S.; Jernigan, Daniel B.; Cox, Nancy; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Richards, Shawn] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Quinlisk, Patricia] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Ball, Lauren] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Augusta, GA USA. [Moll, Maria] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Boulton, Rachelle] Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Haddy, Loretta] West Virginia Bur Publ Hlth, Charleston, WV USA. [Gomez, Thomas] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wong, Karen K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Epperson, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A32, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sepperson@cdc.gov FU Center for Disease Control; Center for Prevention FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Emergence of Influenza A (H3N2) v Virus: What We Learned From the First Wave, July 2011-April 2012," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 SU 1 BP S4 EP S11 DI 10.1093/cid/cit272 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173BD UT WOS:000321052100002 PM 23794729 ER PT J AU Anothai, J Soler, CMT Green, A Trout, TJ Hoogenboom, G AF Anothai, J. Soler, C. M. T. Green, A. Trout, T. J. Hoogenboom, G. TI Evaluation of two evapotranspiration approaches simulated with the CSM-CERES-Maize model under different irrigation strategies and the impact on maize growth, development and soil moisture content for semi-arid conditions SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE DSSAT; Drought stress; Priestley-Taylor; FAO-56 Penman-Monteith; Soil water content ID CROPPING SYSTEM MODEL; IMPROVING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; YIELD COMPONENTS; WATER-DEFICITS; MANAGEMENT; ENVIRONMENT; EVAPORATION; CORN; BALANCE; SURFACE AB Water deficit is the most common adverse environmental condition that can seriously reduce crop productivity. Crop simulation models could assist in determining alternate crop management scenarios to deal with water-limited conditions. However, prior to the application of crop models, the appropriate performance under different soil moisture levels should be confirmed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of the CSM-CERES-Maize model to simulate the impact of different irrigation regimes on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and development, evapotranspiration and soil water content under semi-arid conditions. Data from irrigation trials that were conducted in 2008 and 2010 in north-east of Greeley, Colorado were used for this assessment. The irrigation treatments were 100, 85, 70, 55 and 40% of full crop water requirements. The daily evapotranspiration (ET) was measured using Bowen ratio-energy balance (BREB) instrumentation. The ability of the CSM-CERES-Maize model using two different ET approaches, i.e., Priestley-Taylor (PT) and FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM), in reproducing the experimental maize growth and development data as well as the daily and seasonal ET measured with the BREB method, and soil water content based on different water regimes was analyzed. The results showed that the model with both the PT and FAO-56 PM approach simulated phenology accurately for all irrigation treatments. The CSM-CERES-Maize model simulated both grain yield and final biomass fairly well for all irrigation levels for both ET approaches. The normalized root mean square error was less than 10.2% for grain yield and 36.8% for final biomass for the PT approach and 12.1% for grain yield and 26.0% for final biomass for the FAO-56 PM approach. The model using the PT approach provided daily and seasonal ET values that had a slightly lower accurate than those derived from the FAO-56 PM approach as compared the measured ET by the BREB method. However, the model with both two ET approached could simulate daily and seasonal ET within 12% of measured ET. There was a reasonable agreement between the simulated and observed water content for all four soil depths of the six irrigation treatments which were derived from both approaches. In addition, the model accurately simulated the fluctuation and time span of the cyclic variation of soil water. Overall, it can be concluded that the CSM-CERES-Maize model using the two different ET approaches, i.e., PT and FAO-56 PM, was able to accurately simulate crop development and yield as well as ET and soil water content in response to the different irrigation regimes under semi-arid conditions. These results also confirmed that the model has the potential for use as a tool for agricultural water management under water-limited conditions. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Anothai, J.; Soler, C. M. T.; Hoogenboom, G.] Washington State Univ, AgWeatherNet, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Green, A.] AgroFresh Inc, Philadelphia, PA 19196 USA. [Trout, T. J.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Nat Resources Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Anothai, J (reprint author), Washington State Univ, AgWeatherNet, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM j.anothai@wsu.edu RI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/F-3946-2010; OI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/0000-0002-1555-0537; Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 FU AgroFresh, Inc. FX The authors are grateful to the USDA-ARS Water Management Research Unit, Fort Collins, Colorado for providing experimental data. We also acknowledge AgroFresh, Inc. for the financial support provided for conducting the research. NR 48 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 176 BP 64 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.03.001 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 165IE UT WOS:000320476200006 ER PT J AU Zhou, J Zhang, ZQ Sun, G Fang, XR Zha, TG McNulty, S Chen, JQ Jin, Y Noormets, A AF Zhou, Jie Zhang, Zhiqiang Sun, Ge Fang, Xianrui Zha, Tonggang McNulty, Steve Chen, Jiquan Jin, Ying Noormets, Asko TI Response of ecosystem carbon fluxes to drought events in a poplar plantation in Northern China SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Poplar plantation; Gross ecosystem productivity; Ecosystem respiration; Net ecosystem productivity; Drought ID INTERANNUAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY; TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; SOIL RESPIRATION; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; EUROPEAN FORESTS; EDDY COVARIANCE; RAIN-FORESTS; BEECH FOREST AB Poplar plantations are widely used for timber production and ecological restoration in northern China, a region that experiences frequent droughts and water scarcity. An open-path eddy-covariance (EC) system was used to continuously measure the carbon, water, and energy fluxes in a poplar plantation during the growing season (i.e., April-October) over the period 2006-2008 in the Daxing District of Beijing, China. We examined the seasonal and inter-annual variability of gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), net ecosystem exchange (NEE), and ecosystem respiration (ER). Although annual total precipitation was the lowest in 2006, natural rainfall was amended by flood irrigation. In contrast, no supplementary water was provided during a severe drought in spring (i.e., April-June), 2007, resulting in a significant reduction in net ecosystem production (NEP = -NEE). This resulted from the combined effects of larger decrease in GEP than that in ER. Despite the drought - induced reduction in NEP, the plantation forest was a strong carbon sink accumulating 591 +/- 62, 641 +/- 71, and 929 +/- 75 g C m(-2) year(-1) for 2006, 2007, and 2008, respectively. The timing of the drought significantly affected the annual GEP. Severe drought during canopy development induced a lasting reduction in carbon exchange throughout the growing season, while the severe drought at the end of growing season did not significantly reduce carbon uptake. Additionally, irrigation reduced negative drought impacts on carbon sequestration. Overall, this fast growing poplar plantation is a strong carbon sink and is sensitive to the changes in environmental conditions. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Jie; Zhang, Zhiqiang; Fang, Xianrui; Zha, Tonggang; Jin, Ying] Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Soil & Water Conservat & Desertificat Com, Coll Soil & Water Conservat, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steve] USDA Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA. [Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Zhang, ZQ (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Soil & Water Conservat & Desertificat Com, Coll Soil & Water Conservat, Minist Educ, Qinghua East Rd 35, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM zhqzhang@bjfu.edu.cn RI Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111 FU National Special Research Program for Forestry entitled, "Forest Management Affecting the Coupling of Ecosystem Carbon and Water Exchange with Atmosphere" [201204102]; USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center; United States - China Carbon Consortium (USCCC); Natural Science Foundation of China [30928002]; NASA-NEWS; NASA LUCC Program [NNX09AM55G] FX This study was financially supported by the National Special Research Program for Forestry entitled, "Forest Management Affecting the Coupling of Ecosystem Carbon and Water Exchange with Atmosphere" (Grant No. 201204102) and the USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center. This study is also partially supported by the United States - China Carbon Consortium (USCCC), the Natural Science Foundation of China (30928002), NASA-NEWS, and the NASA LUCC Program (NNX09AM55G). We thank two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments which helped to improve our original manuscript greatly. The authors are very much grateful to Dr. Peter Attiwill for his help to improve the presentation and the readability of the paper during the revision. NR 80 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 86 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 300 SI SI BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.01.007 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 164QR UT WOS:000320425100005 ER PT J AU Nawalakhe, R Shi, Q Vitchuli, N Noar, J Caldwell, JM Breidt, F Bourham, MA Zhang, X McCord, MG AF Nawalakhe, Rupesh Shi, Quan Vitchuli, Narendiran Noar, Jesse Caldwell, Jane M. Breidt, Frederick Bourham, Mohamed A. Zhang, Xiangwu McCord, Marian G. TI Novel atmospheric plasma enhanced chitosan nanofiber/gauze composite wound dressings SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomedical applications; biopolymers and renewable polymers; nanostructured polymers; composites ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MEMBRANES; FABRICS; SURFACE; HELIUM; MANAGEMENT; FIBERS AB Electrospun chitosan nanofibers were deposited onto atmospheric plasma treated cotton gauze to create a novel composite bandage with higher adhesion, better handling properties, enhanced bioactivity, and moisture management. Plasma treatment of the gauze substrate was performed to improve the durability of the nanofiber/gauze interface. The chitosan nanofibers were electrospun at 37% concentration in trifluoroacetic acid. The composite bandages were analyzed using peel, gelbo flex, antimicrobial assay, moisture vapor transmission rate, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), absorbency, and air permeability tests. The peel test showed that plasma treatment of the substrate increased the adhesion between nanofiber layers and gauze substrate by up to four times. Atmospheric plasma pretreatment of the gauze fabric prior to electrospinning significantly reduced degradation of the nanofiber layer due to repetitive flexing. The chitosan nanofiber layer contributes significantly to the antimicrobial properties of the bandage. Air permeability and moisture vapor transport were reduced due to the presence of a nanofiber layer upon the substrate. XPS of the plasma treated cotton substrate showed formation of active sites on the surface, decrease in carbon content, and increase in oxygen content as compared to the untreated gauze. Deposition of chitosan nanofibers also increased the absorbency of gauze substrate. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 129: 916-923, 2013 C1 [Nawalakhe, Rupesh; Shi, Quan; Vitchuli, Narendiran; Zhang, Xiangwu; McCord, Marian G.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Text Engn Chem & Sci, Fiber & Polymer Sci Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Caldwell, Jane M.; Breidt, Frederick] N Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Agr Res Serv, Dept Microbiol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bourham, Mohamed A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [McCord, Marian G.] N Carolina State Univ, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Bourham, MA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM bourham@ncsu.edu; xiangwu_zhang@ncsu.edu RI VitchuliGangadharan, Narendiran/F-6106-2013; Zhang, Xiangwu/F-1013-2011; McCord, Marian/A-7790-2015; OI VitchuliGangadharan, Narendiran/0000-0003-2692-5848; Zhang, Xiangwu/0000-0002-6236-6281; Noar, Jesse/0000-0001-5879-6468 FU National Textiles Center FX The authors wish to acknowledge the National Textiles Center for funding this research. Facilities and resources at the NCSU College of Textiles, the Department of Nuclear Engineering and USDA ARS Food Science Research Unit were utilized to complete this research. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 93 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 129 IS 2 SI SI BP 916 EP 923 DI 10.1002/app.38804 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 132CZ UT WOS:000318046800043 ER PT J AU Grinnell, M Provo, G Marsden-Haug, N Stigi, KA DeBess, E Kissler, B Crarey, E Tate, H Pringle, J Grass, J Folster, J Williams, I Gieraltowski, L Laufer, AS AF Grinnell, Margaret Provo, Ginger Marsden-Haug, Nicola Stigi, Kathleen A. DeBess, Emilio Kissler, Bonnie Crarey, Emily Tate, Heather Pringle, Jeshua Grass, Julian Folster, Jason Williams, Ian Gieraltowski, Laura Laufer, Alison S. TI Outbreak of Salmonella Heidelberg Infections Linked to a Single Poultry Producer-13 States, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Kissler, Bonnie] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Svc, Washington, DC USA. [Laufer, Alison S.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Laufer, AS (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alaufer@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 27 BP 553 EP 556 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GU UT WOS:000322181500003 ER PT J AU Derunkov, A Konstantinov, A AF Derunkov, A. Konstantinov, A. TI Taxonomic changes in the genus Diabrotica Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae): results of a synopsis of North and Central America Diabrotica species SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Diabrotica; new synonyms; lectotypes AB The following new synonyms in Diabrotica Chevrolat 1836 are proposed: D. flaviventris Jacoby 1887 and D. tibialis Jacoby 1887 are synonyms of D. adelpha Harold 1875; D. peckii Bowditch 1911 is a synonym of D. bioculata Bowditch 1911; D. nummularis Harold 1877 is a synonym of D. circulata Harold 1875; D. linensis Bechyne 1956 is a synonym of D. trifurcata Jacoby 1887; D. brunneosignata Jacoby 1887 is a synonym of D. sinuata Olivier 1790; D. duplicata Jacoby 1887 is a synonym of D. viridifasciata Jacoby 1887. Diabrotica cyaneomaculata Jacoby 1887 does not share the synapomorphies of Diabrotica and is treated as incertae sedis. Diabrotica tripunctata (Fabricius) is removed from synonymy with D. sinuata Olivier and is considered to be a valid species. The original combination is restored for Diabrotica fasciata Kirsch, the species being transferred from Paranapiacaba Bechyne back to Diabrotica. It was found that the type series of D. godmani Jacoby contains seven different taxa: one is D. godmani itself; one is D. championi Jacoby; one is D. quadricollis Jacoby; three are unidentified Diabrotica species, each different from the others; and one is not a Diabrotica. The type series of D. viridicollis Jacoby contains four different taxa, D. viridicollis Jacoby itself and three different unidentified Diabrotica species. C1 [Derunkov, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Konstantinov, A.] USDA, ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Derunkov, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM alderunkov@gmail.com; alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology; USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine; Department of Entomology, University of Maryland FX We are grateful to M. V. L. Barclay (BMNH), J. Frisch (MfN), O. Jager (MTD), A. Mantilleri (MNHN), P. D. Perkins (MCZ), K. Schneider (ESUH), A. Solodovnikov (ZMUC), E. Sprecher-Uebersax (NMB), H. Viljanen (FMNH-UH), L. Zerche and L. Behne (SDEI) for the opportunity to study specimens in their care. We thank T. Walters and A. Redford (USDA, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology), J. Cavey (USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine) C. Mitter, J. Smith, T. Hammond (Department of Entomology, University of Maryland) for funding this project, developing a cooperative agreement, support, encouragement and understanding. A. K. Tishechkin (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History), N. Woodley (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS), S. Clark (M. L. Bean Museum, Brigham Young University, UT, USA) and J. Bezdek (Department of Zoology, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic) kindly reviewed a preliminary version of this manuscript and provided valuable suggestions. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 3686 IS 3 BP 301 EP 325 PG 25 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 180QV UT WOS:000321610600001 PM 26473221 ER PT J AU Wong, WW Ortiz, CL Lathan, D Moore, LA Konzelmann, KL Adolph, AL Smith, EO Butte, NF AF Wong, William W. Ortiz, Christina L. Lathan, Debra Moore, Louis A. Konzelmann, Karen L. Adolph, Anne L. Smith, E. O'Brian Butte, Nancy F. TI Sleep duration of underserved minority children in a cross-sectional study SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Sleep; Minority children; Obesity ID BODY-MASS INDEX; RISK-FACTOR; CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OBESITY; HYPERTENSION; ASSOCIATION; ADOLESCENTS; WEIGHT; IMPACT AB Background: Short sleep duration has been shown to associate with increased risk of obesity. Childhood obesity is more prevalent among underserved minority children. The study measured the sleep duration of underserved minority children living in a large US urban environment using accelerometry and its relationship with BMI, socioeconomic status (SES), gender, ethnicity and physical activity. Methods: Time spent on sleep and physical activity among 333 Hispanic and 150 black children (9-12 y) was measured objectively by accelerometry over 5-7 consecutive days. The children were recruited at 14 underserved community centers in Houston, Texas, between January 2009 and February 2011. Body weight and height were measured in duplicate. Results: The majority of children (88.8%) wore the monitor for 6 consecutive days. The children slept 8.8 +/- 0.6 (mean +/- SD) h/d and spent 45 +/- 24 min/d on moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Hispanic children slept 0.2 h/d longer (P < 0.001) than black children. Obese children slept 0.2 h/d less (P < 0.02) than normal-weight children. SES had no effect on sleep duration. There was a significant interaction between gender and age (P < 0.03); girls aged 11-12 y slept 0.3 h/d less than boys and the younger girls. Children slept 0.6 h/d longer (P < 0.001) during the weekend than weekdays. No relation was detected between sleep duration and MVPA time. Conclusions: Minority children living in a large metropolitan area in the US are not meeting the National Sleep Foundation recommendation for sleep duration of 10-11 h/d. Longitudinal studies based on objective measures are needed to establish causality between sleep duration and obesity risk among minority children. C1 [Wong, William W.; Konzelmann, Karen L.; Adolph, Anne L.; Smith, E. O'Brian; Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, ARS,USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ortiz, Christina L.; Lathan, Debra; Moore, Louis A.] Houston Pk & Recreat Dept, Houston, TX USA. RP Wong, WW (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, ARS,USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM wwong@bcm.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-55215-18875]; USDA/ARS [6250-51000-053] FX The study was funded by the National Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant #2008-55215-18875 with support from the USDA/ARS grant #6250-51000-053. The study sponsors had no involvement in the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the manuscript; and the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 648 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-648 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 182YG UT WOS:000321780100001 PM 23849231 ER PT J AU Chu, ML Knouft, JH Ghulam, A Guzman, JA Pan, Z AF Chu, M. L. Knouft, J. H. Ghulam, A. Guzman, J. A. Pan, Z. TI Impacts of urbanization on river flow frequency: A controlled experimental modeling-based evaluation approach SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrologic response; Land use change; Urbanization; Physically-based model; MIKE-SHE; MIKE 11 ID LAND-USE CHANGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATERSHED HYDROLOGY; LARGE CATCHMENTS; COVER CHANGE; SCALE; BASIN; STREAMFLOW; DISCHARGE; RUNOFF AB d Changes in land use are likely to cause a non-linear response in watershed hydrology. Specifically, small increases in urban expansion may greatly increase surface runoff while decreasing infiltration, impacting aquifer recharge and changing streamflow regimes. Quantifying the effects of urbanization on streamflow is crucial to the development of plans to mitigate the effects of anthropogenic changes on watershed processes. This study focused on quantifying the potential effects of varying degrees of urban expansion on the frequency of discharge, velocity, and water depth using the physically-based watershed model, MIKE-SHE, and the ID hydrodynamic river model, MIKE-11. Five land cover scenarios corresponding to varying degrees of urban expansion were used to determine the sensitivity of these flow variables in the Big River watershed located in east central Missouri, in which urban areas have increased by more than 300% in the last 15 years (1992-2006). Differences in the frequency distributions of the flow variables under each scenario were quantified using a Smirnov test. Results indicated a potential increase in the frequency of high flow events to more than 140% while decreasing the frequency of low flow events by up to 100% if the current rate of urbanization continues. In general, the frequency of low flow events decreased as urban expansion increased while the frequency of average and high-flow events increased as urbanization increased. An increase in frequency of high-flow events is expected to impact the safety of structures, sediment load, water quality, and the riparian ecosystem. This research will be valuable to assess mitigation strategies in order to protect the ecosystem, infrastructure, and livelihood in the watershed where urban development is inevitable. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chu, M. L.; Knouft, J. H.; Ghulam, A.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Knouft, J. H.; Ghulam, A.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Sustainabil, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Knouft, J. H.] St Louis Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Guzman, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. [Pan, Z.] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Chu, ML (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. EM mchuagor@slu.edu OI GUZMAN, Jorge A/0000-0002-7734-5723; Chu, Ma Librada/0000-0003-3732-7165 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0844644]; Saint Louis University STEM-PLUS program FX Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation to JHK (DEB-0844644) and from the Saint Louis University STEM-PLUS program. The authors acknowledge Dennis L. Stephen of the US Army Corps of Engineer, St. Louis, Missouri for providing cross section data for the main waterways of the Meramec watershed. Dr. Patrick Starks of USDA-ARS, El Reno, Oklahoma and Dr. Hugo Junez-Ferreira were most helpful in editing the manuscript. NR 49 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 495 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.04.051 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 177VV UT WOS:000321404400001 ER PT J AU Hao, GX Boyle, M Zhou, LJ Duan, YP AF Hao, Guixia Boyle, Michael Zhou, Lijuan Duan, Yongping TI The Intracellular Citrus Huanglongbing Bacterium, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' Encodes Two Novel Autotransporters SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; TRANSLOCATOR DOMAIN; PLANT PATHOGEN; ADHESIN YADA; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; LOCALIZATION; DIVERSITY AB Proteins secreted by the type V secretion system (T5SS), known as autotransporters, are large extracellular virulence proteins localized to the bacterial poles. In this study, we characterized two novel autotransporter proteins of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las), and redesignated them as LasA(I) and LasA(II) in lieu of the previous names Hyv(I) and Hyv(II). As a phloem-limited, intracellular bacterial pathogen, Las has a significantly reduced genome and causes huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating disease of citrus worldwide. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that LasA(I) and LasA(II) share the structural features of an autotransporter family containing large repeats of a passenger domain and a unique C-terminal translocator domain. When fused to the GFP gene and expressed in E. coli, the LasA(I) C-terminus and the full length LasA(II) were localized to the bacterial poles, similar to other members of autotransporter family. Despite the absence of a typical signal peptide, LasA(I) was found to localize at the cell surface by immuno-dot blot using a monoclonal antibody against the partial LasA(I) protein. Its surface localization was also confirmed by the removal of the LasA(I) antigen using a proteinase K treatment of the intact bacterial cells. When co-inoculated with a P19 gene silencing suppressor and transiently expressed in tobacco leaves, the GFP-LasA(I) translocator targeted to the mitochondria. This is the first report that Las encodes novel autotransporters that target to mitochondria when expressed in the plants. These findings may lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this intracellular bacterium. C1 [Hao, Guixia; Zhou, Lijuan; Duan, Yongping] USDA ARS, United States Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Boyle, Michael] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Duan, YP (reprint author), USDA ARS, United States Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM yongping.duan@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program [162, 310] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program award 162 and 310. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 11 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR UNSP e68921 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068921 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 188UA UT WOS:000322218800052 PM 23874813 ER PT J AU Gutierrez-Gonzalez, JJ Tu, ZJ Garvin, DF AF Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan J. Tu, Zheng Jin Garvin, David F. TI Analysis and annotation of the hexaploid oat seed transcriptome SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Transcriptome assembly; Oat; RNA-Seq; Tocol; Vitamin E; Avenanthramide; beta-glucan; Trinity; Oases; Avena ID RNA-SEQ DATA; REFERENCE GENOME; SSR-MARKERS; L.; IDENTIFICATION; RESPONSES; PROTEIN; GENES; SETS AB Background: Next generation sequencing provides new opportunities to explore transcriptomes. However, challenges remain for accurate differentiation of homoeoalleles and paralogs, particularly in polyploid organisms with no supporting genome sequence. In this study, RNA-Seq was employed to generate and characterize the first gene expression atlas for hexaploid oat. Results: The software packages Trinity and Oases were used to produce a transcript assembly from nearly 134 million 100-bp paired-end reads from developing oat seeds. Based on the quality-parameters employed, Oases assemblies were superior. The Oases 67-kmer assembly, denoted dnOST (de novo Oat Seed Transcriptome), is over 55 million nucleotides in length and the average transcript length is 1,043 nucleotides. The 74.8x sequencing depth was adequate to differentiate a large proportion of putative homoeoalleles and paralogs. To assess the robustness of dnOST, we successfully identified gene transcripts associated with the biosynthetic pathways of three compounds with health-promoting properties (avenanthramides, tocols, beta-glucans), and quantified their expression. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study provides the first direct performance comparison between two major assemblers in a polyploid organism. The workflow we developed provides a useful guide for comparable analyses in other organisms. The transcript assembly developed here is a major advance. It expands the number of oat ESTs 3-fold, and constitutes the first comprehensive transcriptome study in oat. This resource will be a useful new tool both for analysis of genes relevant to nutritional enhancement of oat, and for improvement of this crop in general. C1 [Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan J.; Garvin, David F.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan J.; Garvin, David F.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Tu, Zheng Jin] Mayo Clin, Div Biomed Stat & Informat, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Garvin, DF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM David.Garvin@ars.usda.gov OI Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan/0000-0002-6795-6192 FU USDA-ARS [CRIS 3640-21000-025-00D] FX The authors thank Dr. Howard Rines for critically reviewing the manuscript. This research was supported by USDA-ARS base funding (CRIS 3640-21000-025-00D). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This work was carried out in part using computing resources at the University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute. NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 60 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUL 11 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 471 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-471 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 188KB UT WOS:000322190800001 PM 23845136 ER PT J AU Allen, BL Allen, LR Engeman, RM Leung, LKP AF Allen, Benjamin L. Allen, Lee R. Engeman, Richard M. Leung, Luke K-P TI Intraguild relationships between sympatric predators exposed to lethal control: predator manipulation experiments SO FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Canis lupus dingo; Dingo; European red fox; Felis catus; Feral cat; Mesopredator release; Monitor lizard; Poison baiting; Predator control; Trophic cascade; Varanus spp.; Vulpes vulpes ID MEDIATED TROPHIC CASCADE; PASSIVE TRACKING INDEX; CONTROL FERAL CATS; NEW-SOUTH-WALES; RED FOXES; POISON BAITS; CANIS-LUPUS; AUSTRALIA; DINGOES; YELLOWSTONE AB Introduction: Terrestrial top-predators are expected to regulate and stabilise food webs through their consumptive and non-consumptive effects on sympatric mesopredators and prey. The lethal control of top-predators has therefore been predicted to inhibit top-predator function, generate the release of mesopredators and indirectly harm native fauna through trophic cascade effects. Understanding the outcomes of lethal control on interactions within terrestrial predator guilds is important for zoologists, conservation biologists and wildlife managers. However, few studies have the capacity to test these predictions experimentally, and no such studies have previously been conducted on the eclectic suite of native and exotic, mammalian and reptilian taxa we simultaneously assess. We conducted a series of landscape-scale, multi-year, manipulative experiments at nine sites spanning five ecosystem types across the Australian continental rangelands to investigate the responses of mesopredators (red foxes, feral cats and goannas) to contemporary poison-baiting programs intended to control top-predators (dingoes) for livestock protection. Result: Short-term behavioural releases of mesopredators were not apparent, and in almost all cases, the three mesopredators we assessed were in similar or greater abundance in unbaited areas relative to baited areas, with mesopredator abundance trends typically either uncorrelated or positively correlated with top-predator abundance trends over time. The exotic mammals and native reptile we assessed responded similarly (poorly) to top-predator population manipulation. This is because poison baits were taken by multiple target and non-target predators and top-predator populations quickly recovered to pre-control levels, thus reducing the overall impact of baiting on top-predators and averting a trophic cascade. Conclusions: These results are in accord with other predator manipulation experiments conducted worldwide, and suggest that Australian populations of native prey fauna at lower trophic levels are unlikely to be negatively affected by contemporary dingo control practices through the release of mesopredators. We conclude that contemporary lethal control practices used on some top-predator populations do not produce the conditions required to generate positive responses from mesopredators. Functional relationships between sympatric terrestrial predators may not be altered by exposure to spatially and temporally sporadic application of non-selective lethal control. C1 [Allen, Benjamin L.; Leung, Luke K-P] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia. [Allen, Benjamin L.; Allen, Lee R.] Biosecur Queensland, Robert Wicks Pest Anim Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Engeman, Richard M.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Allen, BL (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Warrego Highway, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia. EM benjamin.allen@daff.qld.gov.au OI Allen, Benjamin/0000-0002-1533-0163 FU Australian Government funding source: Bureau of Resource Sciences; Australian Government funding source: Caring for Our Country; Australian Government funding source: Natural Heritage Trust; South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board; Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre FX Generous in-kind support and hospitality was freely provided by the owners and managers of the beef-cattle properties on which we worked - this research would not have been possible without them. Damien Byrne, Heather Miller, James Speed, Steve Eldridge and Tony Gonzales assisted in the collection of field data. Analytical and editorial advice on earlier drafts of the paper were provided by Al Glen, Camilla Myers, Dane Panetta, Glen Saunders, Greg Campbell, Jim Hone, John Read, Peter Bird, Peter Fleming, Simon Humphrys and Tony Pople. Generous funding for components of this study was provided by the following Australian Government funding sources: Bureau of Resource Sciences, Caring for Our Country, and Natural Heritage Trust. These funding bodies had no role in the design, implementation, analysis or publication of this study. Some of this funding was administered by the South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board. The production of this report was undertaken as part of work supported by the Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre. NR 83 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 73 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-9994 J9 FRONT ZOOL JI Front. Zool. PD JUL 10 PY 2013 VL 10 AR UNSP 39 DI 10.1186/1742-9994-10-39 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 194AT UT WOS:000322603300001 PM 23842144 ER PT J AU Serventi, L Chitchumroonchokchai, C Riedl, KM Kerem, Z Berhow, MA Vodovotz, Y Schwartz, SJ Failla, ML AF Serventi, Luca Chitchumroonchokchai, Chureeporn Riedl, Ken M. Kerem, Zohar Berhow, Mark A. Vodovotz, Yael Schwartz, Steven J. Failla, Mark L. TI Saponins from Soy and Chickpea: Stability during Beadmaking and in Vitro Bioaccessibility SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE saponins; retention during breadmaking; digestive stability; bioaccessibility; Caco-2 cells; soy-chickpea breads ID INTESTINAL-CELLS; SOYASAPONIN-I; SOYBEAN SEED; GROUP-A; BIOAVAILABILITY; ABSORPTION; COMPONENTS; CHEMISTRY; DIGESTION; HEALTH AB This study investigated the stability of saponins during the making and simulated digestion of soy and soy-chickpea breads and the bioaccessibility of saponins in digested breads. Recovery of saponins in soy bread exceeded that in soy-chickpea breads, and recovery of type A and B saponins was greater than for type E and DDMP saponins: Simulated digestion of breads resulted in greater relative losses of type A and DDMP saponins than type B and E saponins due in part to conversion of DDMP. Bioaccessibility of type B, E, and DDMP saponins in aqueous fraction of chyme exceeded 50%, but was similar to 30% for type A saponins. Caco-2 cells accumulated 0.8-2.8% of saponins from apical compartment containing diluted aqueous fraction of chyme. These findings suggest that saponin structure and food matrix affect the stability of saponins during processing and digestion and that uptake of saponins by enterocyte-like cells is poor despite moderate apparent bioaccessibility. C1 [Serventi, Luca; Riedl, Ken M.; Vodovotz, Yael; Schwartz, Steven J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Chitchumroonchokchai, Chureeporn; Failla, Mark L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Human Nutr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kerem, Zohar] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Agr Food & Environm Qual Sci, Inst Biochem Food Sci & Nutr, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Berhow, Mark A.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Failla, ML (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Human Nutr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM failla.3@osu.edu RI Riedl, Ken/G-8621-2014; OI Riedl, Ken/0000-0002-9020-3471; Schwartz, Steven/0000-0002-1427-5780 FU Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) [IS-4072-07]; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center; OSU Center for Innovative Food Technology FX This research was funded by Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) Grant IS-4072-07, the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, and the OSU Center for Innovative Food Technology. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 10 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 27 BP 6703 EP 6710 DI 10.1021/jf401597y PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 183JF UT WOS:000321810300014 PM 23768100 ER PT J AU Wang, H Stier, G Lin, J Liu, G Zhang, Z Chang, YH Reid, MS Jiang, CZ AF Wang, Hong Stier, Genevieve Lin, Jing Liu, Gang Zhang, Zhen Chang, Youhong Reid, Michael S. Jiang, Cai-Zhong TI Transcriptome Changes Associated with Delayed Flower Senescence on Transgenic Petunia by Inducing Expression of etr1-1, a Mutant Ethylene Receptor SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DOMAIN FACTOR AGL15; GENE-EXPRESSION; LEAF SENESCENCE; PERIANTH SENESCENCE; INSENSITIVE PETUNIAS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PLANT SENESCENCE; PETAL SENESCENCE; UP-REGULATION; DUTCH MASTER AB Flowers of ethylene-sensitive ornamental plants transformed with ethylene-insensitive 1-1(etr1-1), a mutant ethylene receptor first isolated from Arabidopsis, are known to have longer shelf lives. We have generated petunia plants in which the etr1-1 gene was over-expressed under the control of a chemically-inducible promoter, which would allow expression of etr1-1 to be initiated at the desired time and stage of development. Here, we showed that transgenic plants grew and developed normally without a chemical inducer. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that the abundance of transcripts of Arabidopsis etr1-1 gene was substantially induced in flowers with 30 mu M dexamethasone (DEX). Consequently, t he life of the flowers was almost doubled and the peak of ethylene production was delayed. We compared gene expression changes of petals with DEX to those without DEX at 24 h and 48 h by microarray. Our results indicated that transcripts of many putative genes encoding transcription factors were down-regulated by etr1-1 induced expression at the early stage. In addition, putative genes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis, response to jasmonic acid/gibberellins stimulus, cell wall modification, ethylene biosynthesis, and cell death were down-regulated associating with etr1-1 induced expression. We investigated time-course gene expression profiles and found two profiles which displayed totally opposite expression patterns under these two treatments. In these profiles, 'the regulation of transcription' was predominant in GO categories. Taking all results together, we concluded those transcription factors down-regulated at early stage might exert a major role in regulating the senescence process which were consequently characterized by cell wall modification and cell death. C1 [Wang, Hong; Lin, Jing; Chang, Youhong] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Hort, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Wang, Hong; Stier, Genevieve; Reid, Michael S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Liu, Gang; Zhang, Zhen] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Cai-Zhong] ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA, Davis, CA USA. RP Chang, YH (reprint author), Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Hort, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM cyh@jaas.ac.cn; msreid@ucdavis.edu; cjiang@ucdavis.edu OI Jiang, Cai-Zhong/0000-0002-5972-7963 FU USDA CRIS project [5306-21000-019-00D]; USDA Floriculture Initiative [5306-13210-001-02S]; National System for PEAR Industry Technology of China [CARS-29-18] FX This work was partially supported by USDA CRIS project 5306-21000-019-00D, USDA Floriculture Initiative (5306-13210-001-02S) and the National System for PEAR Industry Technology of China (No. CARS-29-18). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 44 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e65800 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0065800 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182JD UT WOS:000321736900002 ER PT J AU Evenhuis, JP Welch, T Booth, N AF Evenhuis, Jason P. Welch, Tim Booth, Natha TI Transferable green fluorescence-tagged pEI2 in Edwardsiella ictaluri and preliminary investigation of its effects on virulence SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Edwardsiellosis; Plasmid tag; Catfish; Ictalurus punctatus; Host-pathogen interaction ID CHANNEL CATFISH; PROTEIN GFP; PUNCTATUS; PLASMIDS; IDENTIFICATION; MUTAGENESIS; GENES; TARDA; FISH AB Edwardsiella ictaluri is the etiologic agent of enteric septicemia of catfish, which causes substantial losses in catfish aquaculture. To determine pathogen-host interactions, previous studies have used the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene. Here, the pEI2 plasmid of E. ictaluri isolate I49 was tagged using a Tn10-GFP-kan cassette to create the green fluorescence-expressing derivative I49-gfp. The Tn10-GFP-kan insertion site was mapped by plasmid sequencing to 663 bp upstream of open reading frame 2 and appeared to be at a neutral site in the plasmid. Purification of the pEI2::GFPKan plasmid and mobilization into E. coli resulted in GFP expression. The isolated pEI2::GFPkan plasmid was used to retransform the wild type I49 isolate (ensuring a single Tn10-GFP-kan insertion) and an independent E. ictaluri isolate, S97-73-3. The wild type and the green fluorescent-tagged strains were compared for modulation of pathogenicity in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus by immersion challenge. A significant reduction in mortalities occurred for the I49GFPkan strain as compared to its isogenic parent, but no difference was observed between the S97-73-3GFPkan strain and the S97-73-3 wild type. This GFP-tagged plasmid will be useful for determining the effects that the pEI2::GFPkan plasmid has on virulence and host-pathogen interactions between E. ictaluri isolates. C1 [Evenhuis, Jason P.; Welch, Tim] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Booth, Natha] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Evenhuis, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM jason.evenhuis@ars.usda.gov OI Welch, Tim/0000-0003-1096-3006 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD JUL 9 PY 2013 VL 105 IS 1 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.3354/dao02610 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 179KY UT WOS:000321520400008 PM 23836772 ER PT J AU Dumetre, A Dubey, JP Ferguson, DJP Bongrand, P Azas, N Puech, PH AF Dumetre, Aurelien Dubey, Jitender P. Ferguson, David J. P. Bongrand, Pierre Azas, Nadine Puech, Pierre-Henri TI Mechanics of the Toxoplasma gondii oocyst wall SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE oocyst structure; oocyst integrity; oocyst resistance; Toxoplasma infectivity; transmission ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; CELL-ADHESION FORCES; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION; WATERBORNE TOXOPLASMOSIS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; LIVING CELLS; AFM; INACTIVATION; SPOROCYSTS AB The ability of microorganisms to survive under extreme conditions is closely related to the physicochemical properties of their wall. In the ubiquitous protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, the oocyst stage possesses a bilayered wall that protects the dormant but potentially infective parasites from harsh environmental conditions until their ingestion by the host. None of the common disinfectants are effective in killing the parasite because the oocyst wall acts as a primary barrier to physical and chemical attacks. Here, we address the structure and chemistry of the wall of the T. gondii oocyst by combining wall surface treatments, fluorescence imaging, EM, and measurements of its mechanical characteristics by using atomic force microscopy. Elasticity and indentation measurements indicated that the oocyst wall resembles common plastic materials, based on the Young moduli, E, evaluated by atomic force microscopy. Our study demonstrates that the inner layer is as robust as the bilayered wall itself. Besides wall mechanics, our results suggest important differences regarding the nonspecific adhesive properties of each layer. All together, these findings suggest a key biological role for the oocyst wall mechanics in maintaining the integrity of the T. gondii oocysts in the environment or after exposure to disinfectants, and therefore their potential infectivity to humans and animals. C1 [Dumetre, Aurelien; Azas, Nadine] Aix Marseille Univ, Fac Pharm, Minist Def Infect Parasitaires Transmiss Physiopa, Unit Mixte Rech, F-13385 Marseille 05, France. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ferguson, David J. P.] Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Clin Lab Sci, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. [Bongrand, Pierre; Puech, Pierre-Henri] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7333, INSERM,U1067, F-13288 Marseille 09, France. [Bongrand, Pierre] Hop Conception, Immunol Lab, F-13385 Marseille, France. RP Dumetre, A (reprint author), Aix Marseille Univ, Fac Pharm, Minist Def Infect Parasitaires Transmiss Physiopa, Unit Mixte Rech, F-13385 Marseille 05, France. EM aurelien.dumetre@univ-amu.fr; jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov; pierre-henri.puech@inserm.fr RI Dumetre, Aurelien/N-9682-2016; Bongrand, Pierre/C-4456-2013; Puech, Pierre-henri/G-1744-2013; OI Dumetre, Aurelien/0000-0001-5494-6326; Bongrand, Pierre/0000-0001-6185-6572; Puech, Pierre-henri/0000-0002-8521-0685; Ferguson, David/0000-0001-5045-819X FU Aix-Marseille University; Agence Nationale de la Recherche Jeunes Chercheuses Jeunes Chercheurs DissecTion Program FX We thank M.L. Darde for providing 4B6 hybridoma and PARIS Biotech for continuous support. This work was supported by Aix-Marseille University (Preciput 2011 Program) and the Agence Nationale de la Recherche Jeunes Chercheuses Jeunes Chercheurs DissecTion Program (P.-H.P.). P.H.P. thanks JPK Instruments for continuous support. NR 59 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 33 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 9 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 28 BP 11535 EP 11540 DI 10.1073/pnas.1308425110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 183OT UT WOS:000321827000075 PM 23798399 ER PT J AU Nakasone, KK AF Nakasone, Karen K. TI Taxonomy of Epithele (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) SO SYDOWIA LA English DT Article DE Epithele typhae; epithelioid fungi; Grammothele; hyphal pegs; Mycothele ID CORTICIOID FUNGI; GENUS; CORTICIACEAE; APHYLLOPHORALES; LAETISARIA; ATHELOPSIS; TELEOMORPH; REGION; NOV AB Seventeen species are accepted in the genus Epithele, including new species E. belizensis, E. ceracea, E. reunionis, and E. ryvardenii. Descriptions and illustrations are provided for all species. The generic concept is emended to include Corticium bambusae, from Trinidad on bamboo, which lacks sterile hyphal pegs; the new combination Epithele bambusae is proposed. The type specimens of Dendrothele duthieae, D. subfusispora, Epithele macarangae, and Laeticorticium odontioides were examined and determined to be conspecific with E. interrupta. The monotypic genus Skeletohydnum is considered distinct from Epithele, and Tubulicium ramonense is placed in synonymy with Skeletohydnum nikau. A new genus, Myriothele, is proposed for Epithele philippiae, which has urniform basidia and spherical basidiospores. Xenasma macrosporum is transferred to Dextrinocystis. A key to the accepted species of Epithele is presented as well as a preliminary key to the corticioid and polyporoid genera and species with hyphal spines, sterile ridges, and plates. C1 US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Nakasone, KK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM knakasone@fs.fed.us FU National Science Foundation; State University of New York, College at Cortland [DEB-0103621]; Center for Forest Mycology Research, Northern Research Station, U. S. Forest Service FX I thank curators of the following herbaria for arranging specimen loans that were indispensable for this study - ARIZ, BPI, GB, K, LY, NY, O, PDD, PREM, S, TNM, TRTC, and USJ. In addition, Dr. W. Damon and Mr. F. Dammrich loaned specimens from their personal herbaria. Fieldwork in Belize was made possible by a grant from the National Science Foundation, Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program to Dr. T. J. Baroni, the State University of New York, College at Cortland (DEB-0103621), in collaboration with Dr. D.J. Lodge and the Center for Forest Mycology Research, Northern Research Station, U. S. Forest Service. Dr. Lodge helped coordinate logistical support for the field work in Belize. Individuals with government and non-governmental agencies in Belize are kindly acknowledged for their help and guidance: Hector Mai, John Pinelo, and Natalie Rosado of The Conservation Division, Belize Forestry Department, Belmopan, and Celso Poot, Station Manager of the Tropical Education Center in Belize. Karen Nelson prepared the photographic plates. Drs. H. H. Burdsall, Jr. and B. Ortiz-Santana reviewed an earlier draft of this manuscript and provided valuable corrections and suggestions. NR 82 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU VERLAG FERDINAND BERGER SOHNE GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI HORN PA WIENER STRASSE 21-23, 3580 HORN, AUSTRIA SN 0082-0598 J9 SYDOWIA JI Sydowia PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 65 IS 1 BP 59 EP 112 PG 54 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 201JY UT WOS:000323139100007 ER PT J AU Wan, YZ Schwaninger, HR Baldo, AM Labate, JA Zhong, GY Simon, CJ AF Wan, Yizhen Schwaninger, Heidi R. Baldo, Angela M. Labate, Joanne A. Zhong, Gan-Yuan Simon, Charles J. TI A phylogenetic analysis of the grape genus (Vitis L.) reveals broad reticulation and concurrent diversification during neogene and quaternary climate change SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biogeography; Divergence time estimate; Grapevine; Molecular phylogeny; Network; Northern hemisphere; Plant disjunction; Reticulation; SNP; Vitis ID AMERICAN FLORISTIC DISJUNCTION; DNA-SEQUENCE DATA; VINIFERA L.; DATA SETS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; NORTH-AMERICA; INTERCONTINENTAL DISJUNCTIONS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; FAMILY VITACEAE AB Background: Grapes are one of the most economically important fruit crops. There are about 60 species in the genus Vitis. The phylogenetic relationships among these species are of keen interest for the conservation and use of this germplasm. We selected 309 accessions from 48 Vitis species, varieties, and outgroups, examined similar to 11 kb (similar to 3.4 Mb total) of aligned nuclear DNA sequences from 27 unlinked genes in a phylogenetic context, and estimated divergence times based on fossil calibrations. Results: Vitis formed a strongly supported clade. There was substantial support for species and less for the higher-level groupings (series). As estimated from extant taxa, the crown age of Vitis was 28 Ma and the divergence of subgenera (Vitis and Muscadinia) occurred at similar to 18 Ma. Higher clades in subgenus Vitis diverged 16 - 5 Ma with overlapping confidence intervals, and ongoing divergence formed extant species at 12 - 1.3 Ma. Several species had species-specific SNPs. NeighborNet analysis showed extensive reticulation at the core of subgenus Vitis representing the deeper nodes, with extensive reticulation radiating outward. Fitch Parsimony identified North America as the origin of the most recent common ancestor of extant Vitis species. Conclusions: Phylogenetic patterns suggested origination of the genus in North America, fragmentation of an ancestral range during the Miocene, formation of extant species in the late Miocene-Pleistocene, and differentiation of species in the context of Pliocene-Quaternary tectonic and climatic change. Nuclear SNPs effectively resolved relationships at and below the species level in grapes and rectified several misclassifications of accessions in the repositories. Our results challenge current higher-level classifications, reveal the abundance of genetic diversity in the genus that is potentially available for crop improvement, and provide a valuable resource for species delineation, germplasm conservation and use. C1 [Wan, Yizhen] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Schwaninger, Heidi R.; Baldo, Angela M.; Labate, Joanne A.; Zhong, Gan-Yuan; Simon, Charles J.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, ARS, USDA,Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Baldo, Angela M.; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, ARS, USDA,Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Schwaninger, HR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, ARS, USDA,Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM Heidi.Schwaninger@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, CRIS [1910-21000-020-00D]; China Scholarship Council [22861057]; Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation [2004C103]; Young Scientist Foundation of NWAFU [QN2009-013] FX This project was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, CRIS Project Number 1910-21000-020-00D. YW was supported by the China Scholarship Council (22861057), the Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation (No. 2004C103), and the Young Scientist Foundation of NWAFU (QN2009-013). NR 127 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 66 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 141 DI 10.1186/1471-2148-13-141 PG 20 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 198BI UT WOS:000322896300001 PM 23826735 ER PT J AU Chen, YP Pettis, JS Zhao, Y Liu, XY Tallon, LJ Sadzewicz, LD Li, RH Zheng, HQ Huang, SK Zhang, X Hamilton, MC Pernal, SF Melathopoulos, AP Yan, XH Evans, JD AF Chen, Yan Ping Pettis, Jeffery S. Zhao, Yan Liu, Xinyue Tallon, Luke J. Sadzewicz, Lisa D. Li, Renhua Zheng, Huoqing Huang, Shaokang Zhang, Xuan Hamilton, Michele C. Pernal, Stephen F. Melathopoulos, Andony P. Yan, Xianghe Evans, Jay D. TI Genome sequencing and comparative genomics of honey bee microsporidia, Nosema apis reveal novel insights into host-parasite interactions SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Microsporidia; Nosema; Honey bees; Genome; Comparative genomics ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; CERANAE MICROSPORIDIA; WEB SERVER; RNA GENES; MELLIFERA; INFECTION; PATHOGEN; EUKARYOTES; BOMBYCIS; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: The microsporidia parasite Nosema contributes to the steep global decline of honey bees that are critical pollinators of food crops. There are two species of Nosema that have been found to infect honey bees, Nosema apis and N. ceranae. Genome sequencing of N. apis and comparative genome analysis with N. ceranae, a fully sequenced microsporidia species, reveal novel insights into host-parasite interactions underlying the parasite infections. Results: We applied the whole-genome shotgun sequencing approach to sequence and assemble the genome of N. apis which has an estimated size of 8.5 Mbp. We predicted 2,771 protein-coding genes and predicted the function of each putative protein using the Gene Ontology. The comparative genomic analysis led to identification of 1,356 orthologs that are conserved between the two Nosema species and genes that are unique characteristics of the individual species, thereby providing a list of virulence factors and new genetic tools for studying host-parasite interactions. We also identified a highly abundant motif in the upstream promoter regions of N. apis genes. This motif is also conserved in N. ceranae and other microsporidia species and likely plays a role in gene regulation across the microsporidia. Conclusions: The availability of the N. apis genome sequence is a significant addition to the rapidly expanding body of microsprodian genomic data which has been improving our understanding of eukaryotic genome diversity and evolution in a broad sense. The predicted virulent genes and transcriptional regulatory elements are potential targets for innovative therapeutics to break down the life cycle of the parasite. C1 [Chen, Yan Ping; Pettis, Jeffery S.; Hamilton, Michele C.; Evans, Jay D.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhao, Yan] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Xinyue; Tallon, Luke J.; Sadzewicz, Lisa D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. [Li, Renhua] Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. [Zheng, Huoqing] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Huang, Shaokang] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Bee Sci, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Xuan] Yunnan Agr Univ, Eastern Bee Res Inst, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Pernal, Stephen F.; Melathopoulos, Andony P.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Beaverlodge Res Farm, Beaverlodge, AB, Canada. [Yan, Xianghe] Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Bldg 476 BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM judy.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 NR 80 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 7 U2 71 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 451 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-451 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 191BE UT WOS:000322386800001 PM 23829473 ER PT J AU Piao, C Cai, ZY Stark, NM Monlezun, CJ AF Piao, Cheng Cai, Zhiyong Stark, Nicole M. Monlezun, Charles J. TI Potassium methyl siliconate-treated pulp fibers and their effects on wood plastic composites: Water sorption and dimensional stability SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biopolymers and renewable polymers; cellulose and other wood products; polyolefins; composites; fibers ID POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; SILANE; BIOCOMPOSITES; POLYETHYLENE; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; FABRICATION; FILLERS; MATRIX AB Potassium methyl siliconate (PMS) was investigated as a new nano modifier of wood fiber and wood flour to improve the compatibility between the fiber/flour and the plastic matrix in fiber reinforced plastic composites. Before injection molding, bleached and brown pulp fibers and mixed species wood flour were pretreated in PMS solutions. The morphology of the treated and untreated fiber and flour, the compatibility of PMS-treated fiber and flour with polyethylene (PE), and the water sorption and volumetric swell of PMS-treated fiber/flour plastic composites in a long-term soaking test were evaluated. Fiber and flour treated with PMS increased the compatibility between the fiber/flour and the PE matrix. The increased compatibility of PMS-treated fiber and flour with the matrix contributed to the reduction of water sorption and, thus, increased dimensional stability. For all composites, water sorption and volumetric swell of fiber/four plastic composites decreased as the ratio of fiber to flour increased. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 C1 [Piao, Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Calhoun Res Stn, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. [Cai, Zhiyong; Stark, Nicole M.] US Forest Serv, Engineered Composites Sci Grp, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Monlezun, Charles J.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Expt Stat, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Cai, ZY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Engineered Composites Sci Grp, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM zcai@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory [11-JV-11111124-130] FX The authors thank Dr. Cran Lucas, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University in Shreveport, LA and Dr. Todd Shupe, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA for their support to this research. They also thank Mr. Xinan Zhang, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, Dr. Yao Chen, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, and Mr. Neal Hickman, Calhoun Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Calhoun, LA for their assistance in this study. This research was funded by USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory (GR NO 11-JV-11111124-130). NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 129 IS 1 BP 193 EP 201 DI 10.1002/app.38736 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 121ZS UT WOS:000317285200022 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH Onwulata, CI Thomas, AE Phillips, JG Mukhopadhyay, S Sheen, S Liu, CK Latona, N Pimentel, MR Cooke, PH AF Tunick, Michael H. Onwulata, Charles I. Thomas, Audrey E. Phillips, John G. Mukhopadhyay, Sudarsan Sheen, Shiowshuh Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas Pimentel, Mariana R. Cooke, Peter H. TI Critical Evaluation of Crispy and Crunchy Textures: A Review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE Crisp; Crunch; Sensory; Texture ID FOOD CRUSHING SOUNDS; WATER ACTIVITY; SENSORY PERCEPTION; INSTRUMENTAL MEASURES; BREAKFAST CEREALS; ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; PRODUCTS; DEFORMATION; FRACTURE; HARDNESS AB Crispness and crunchiness are important factors in the enjoyment of many foods, but they are defined differently among dictionaries, consumers, and researchers. Sensory, mechanical, and acoustic methods have been used to provide data on crispness and crunchiness. Sensory measurements include biting force and sound intensity. Mechanical techniques resemble mastication and include flex, shear, and compression. Acoustical techniques measure frequency, intensity, and number of sound events. Water and oil content contribute to crispness and crunchiness, which also have temporal aspects. Information in the literature is compared in this article to develop definitions of crispness and crunchiness. C1 [Tunick, Michael H.; Onwulata, Charles I.; Thomas, Audrey E.; Phillips, John G.; Mukhopadhyay, Sudarsan; Sheen, Shiowshuh; Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas; Pimentel, Mariana R.; Cooke, Peter H.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Michael.Tunick@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 NR 74 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 78 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 EI 1532-2386 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PD JUL 4 PY 2013 VL 16 IS 5 BP 949 EP 963 DI 10.1080/10942912.2011.573116 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 117CM UT WOS:000316929700001 ER PT J AU Bastos, RG Suarez, CE Laughery, JM Johnson, WC Ueti, MW Knowles, DP AF Bastos, Reginaldo G. Suarez, Carlos E. Laughery, Jacob M. Johnson, Wendell C. Ueti, Massaro W. Knowles, Donald P. TI Differential Expression of Three Members of the Multidomain Adhesion CCp Family in Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and Theileria equi SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; GENOME-SEQUENCE; IN-VITRO; ERYTHROCYTE CULTURES; PARASITES; PROTEIN; GENES; TRANSMISSION AB Members of the CCp protein family have been previously described to be expressed on gametocytes of apicomplexan Plasmodium parasites. Knocking out Plasmodium CCp genes blocks the development of the parasite in the mosquito vector, making the CCp proteins potential targets for the development of a transmission-blocking vaccine. Apicomplexans Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina are the causative agents of bovine babesiosis, and apicomplexan Theileria equi causes equine piroplasmosis. Bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis are the most economically important parasite diseases that affect worldwide cattle and equine industries, respectively. The recent sequencing of the B. bovis and T. equi genomes has provided the opportunity to identify novel genes involved in parasite biology. Here we characterize three members of the CCp family, named CCp1, CCp2 and CCp3, in B. bigemina, B. bovis and T. equi. Using B. bigemina as an in vitro model, expression of all three CCp genes and proteins was demonstrated in temperature-induced sexual stages. Transcripts for all three CCp genes were found in vivo in blood stages of T. equi, and transcripts for CCp3 were detected in vivo in blood stages of B. bovis. However, no protein expression was detected in T. equi blood stages or B. bovis blood stages or B. bovis tick stages. Collectively, the data demonstrated a differential pattern of expression of three orthologous genes of the multidomain adhesion CCp family by B. bigemina, B. bovis and T. equi. The novel CCp members represent potential targets for innovative approaches to control bovine babesiosis and equine piroplasmosis. C1 [Bastos, Reginaldo G.; Laughery, Jacob M.; Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Suarez, Carlos E.; Johnson, Wendell C.; Ueti, Massaro W.; Knowles, Donald P.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. RP Bastos, RG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rgbastos@vetmed.wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS (United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service) CRIS project FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS (United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service) CRIS project number. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 3 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e67765 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0067765 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182HT UT WOS:000321733000101 PM 23844089 ER PT J AU Moore, MT Kroger, R Locke, MA Tyler, HL Cooper, CM AF Moore, Matthew T. Kroeger, Robert Locke, Martin A. Tyler, Heather L. Cooper, Charles M. TI Seasonal and Interspecific Nutrient Mitigation Comparisons of Three Emergent Aquatic Macrophytes SO BIOREMEDIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE best management practice; nitrogen; phosphorus; vegetation ID AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE DITCHES; CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; HYDROLOGICAL VARIABILITY; NITROGEN REMOVAL; WATER; PHOSPHORUS; DENITRIFICATION; VEGETATION; RETENTION; MESOCOSMS AB The purpose of this study was to measure both summer and winter nutrient mitigation efficiencies of three aquatic plants found in agricultural drainage ditches in the lower Mississippi River Basin. Mesocosms (1.25x 0.6 x 0.8m) were filled with sediment and planted with monocultures of one of three obligate wetland plant species, Typha latifolia, Thalia dealbata, and Sagittaria latifolia, or left nonvegetated to serve as controls. Mesocosms were amended with nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate over a 4-h hydraulic retention time, followed by an 8-h flushing with nonamended water to assess residual nutrient leaching in both summer and winter exposures. Significant interactions between vegetation type and season were noted for both nitrate and total inorganic phosphorus concentrations and loads. Future research will focus on altering hydraulic retention time for improved efficiency, as well as the specific contribution of microbial activity to nutrient mitigation. C1 [Moore, Matthew T.; Locke, Martin A.; Tyler, Heather L.; Cooper, Charles M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Kroeger, Robert] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Unit, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 33 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1088-9868 J9 BIOREMEDIAT J JI Bioremediat. J. PD JUL 3 PY 2013 VL 17 IS 3 BP 148 EP 158 DI 10.1080/10889868.2013.807771 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 187VZ UT WOS:000322150900002 ER PT J AU Sabo, R Basta, AH Winandy, JE AF Sabo, Ronald Basta, Altaf H. Winandy, Jerrold E. TI Integrated Study of the Potential Application of Remediated CCA Treated Spruce Wood in MDF Production SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHROMATED COPPER ARSENATE; HEAVY-METALS; EXTRACTION AB Public health awareness has increased in the past few years regarding the disposal of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) preservative-treated wood wastes. This study demonstrates the potential for using remediated CCA lumber and alternative fiber sources, such as sugar cane bagasse, to produce medium density fiberboard (MDF). The role of both remediated CCA loaded spruce wood and substitution of a part of it with sugar-cane bagasse fibers on the performance of MDF produced were evaluated. The remediation conditions were optimized from examining the FTIR-spectra and TGA analyses of the treated wood fibers resulted from changing the remediated pH (1.4-7.0) and temperature (20-80 degrees C) together with the efficiencies of removing the preservative metals. The results showed that CCA-remediated spruce fiber provided MDF with 59% and 75.5% reduction in water absorption and thickness swelling, respectively, and 93% increase in IB, compared to panels made from untreated wood. Blending both bagasse fibers with either untreated or remediated fibers had a positive impact on MDF properties. Compared to boards made with untreated control spruce fibers, boards made with up to 30% bagasse had up to 79% reduction in water absorption, 62% reduction in thickness swell, 38% increase in modulus of rupture (MOR), and 244% increase in internal bond (IB) strength. According to ANSI Standard for interior MDF, the remediated CCA-treated spruce was suitable for the manufacture of MDF, either individually or in blends with sugar cane bagasse. C1 [Sabo, Ronald] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Basta, Altaf H.] Natl Res Ctr, Cellulose & Paper Dept, Cairo 12622, Egypt. [Winandy, Jerrold E.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Basta, AH (reprint author), Natl Res Ctr, Cellulose & Paper Dept, Cairo 12622, Egypt. EM Altaf_Basta2004@yahoo.com OI Basta, Altaf/0000-0002-4030-8486; Basta, Altaf/0000-0003-1876-4378 FU Egypt-U.S. Science and Technology Program; Egyptian Ministry of Scientific Research [280]; U.S. Department of State [280] FX This research work was carried out under a grant from Egypt-U.S. Science and Technology Program and sponsored by the Egyptian Ministry of Scientific Research and the U.S. Department of State with Contact/Agreement No. 280. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUL 3 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 26 BP 8962 EP 8968 DI 10.1021/ie400536d PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 179SM UT WOS:000321541600035 ER PT J AU Avila, FW Faquin, V Yang, Y Ramos, SJ Guilherme, LRG Thannhauser, TW Li, L AF Avila, Fabricio William Faquin, Valdemar Yang, Yong Ramos, Silvio Junio Guilherme, Luiz Roberto G. Thannhauser, Theodore W. Li, Li TI Assessment of the Anticancer Compounds Se-Methylselenocysteine and Glucosinolates in Se-Biofortified Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Sprouts and Florets SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE selenium; Se-methylselenocysteine; glucoraphanin; glucosinolates; broccoli sprout; broccoli floret; chemopreventive agent ID INCREASES SULFUR UPTAKE; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; SELENIUM CONTENT; SODIUM SELENATE; BREAST-CANCER; HUMAN HEALTH; FERTILIZATION; SULFORAPHANE; PLANTS; ISOTHIOCYANATES AB Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is a rich source of chemopreventive compounds. Here, we evaluated and compared the effect of selenium (Se) treatment on the accumulation of anticancer compounds Se-methylselenocysteine (SeMSCys) and glucosinolates in broccoli sprouts and florets. Total Se and SeMSCys content in sprouts increased concomitantly with increasing Se doses. Selenate was superior to selenite in inducing total Se accumulation, but selenite is equally effective as selenate in promoting SeMSCys synthesis in sprouts. Increasing sulfur doses reduced total Se and SeMSCys content in sprouts treated with selenate, but not in those with selenite. Examination of five broccoli cultivars reveals that sprouts generally have better fractional ability than florets to convert inorganic Se into SeMSCys. Distinctive glucosinolate profiles between sprouts and florets were observed, and sprouts contained approximately 6-fold more glucoraphanin than florets. In contrast to florets, glucosinolate content was not affected by Se treatment in sprouts. Thus, Se-enriched broccoli sprouts are excellent for simultaneous accumulation of chemopreventive compounds SeMSCys and glucoraphanin. C1 [Avila, Fabricio William; Yang, Yong; Thannhauser, Theodore W.; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Avila, Fabricio William; Faquin, Valdemar; Guilherme, Luiz Roberto G.] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Ciencia Solo, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Ramos, Silvio Junio] Inst Tecnol Vale, BR-30140130 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Avila, Fabricio William; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ll37@cornell.edu RI Avila, Fabricio/B-4910-2014; Guilherme, Luiz Roberto/B-3998-2009 OI Avila, Fabricio/0000-0003-0301-2720; Guilherme, Luiz Roberto/0000-0002-5387-6028 FU CNPq; CAPES; FAPEMIG, Brazil; USDA-ARS base fund FX F.W.A. is grateful to the CNPq, CAPES, and FAPEMIG from Brazil for financial support and scholarships. This work was supported in part by the USDA-ARS base fund. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 3 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 26 BP 6216 EP 6223 DI 10.1021/jf4016834 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 179SY UT WOS:000321542800010 PM 23763668 ER PT J AU Kim, H Bartley, GE Young, SA Seo, KH Yokoyama, W AF Kim, Hyunsook Bartley, Glenn E. Young, Scott A. Seo, Kun-Ho Yokoyama, Wallace TI Altered Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Improved Fatty Liver, Insulin Resistance, and Intestinal Permeability after Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) Supplementation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE steatosis; lipid metabolism; insulin sensitivity; intestinal permeability; soluble dietary fiber ID CORTICOSTEROID-BINDING GLOBULIN; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; BILE-ACID; METABOLIC SYNDROME; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LIPID-METABOLISM; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; FREE CORTISOL; WEIGHT-LOSS AB The effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on hepatic gene expression was analyzed by exon microarray and real-time PCR from livers of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet supplemented with either 6% HPMC or 6% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). HPMC-fed mice exhibited significantly reduced body weight gain (55% lower compared to MCC), liver weight (13%), plasma LDL-cholesterol concentration (45%), and HF diet-increased intestinal permeability (48%). HPMC significantly reduced areas under the curve for 2 h insulin and glucose responses, indicating enhanced insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. HPMC up-regulated hepatic genes related to fatty acid oxidation, cholesterol and bile acid synthesis, and cellular activation of glucocorticoid (bile acid recycling) and down-regulated genes related to oxidative stress, triglyceride synthesis, and polyunsaturated fatty acid elongation. In conclusion, HPMC consumption ameliorates the effects of a HF diet on intestinal permeability, insulin resistance, hepatic lipid accumulation, glucocorticoid-related bile acid recycling, oxidative stress, and weight gain in DIO mice. C1 [Kim, Hyunsook] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kim, Hyunsook; Bartley, Glenn E.; Yokoyama, Wallace] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Young, Scott A.] Dow Wolff Cellulos, Midland, MI USA. [Seo, Kun-Ho] Konkuk Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kim, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM hyskim@ucdavis.edu NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 3 PY 2013 VL 61 IS 26 BP 6404 EP 6411 DI 10.1021/jf400545w PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 179SY UT WOS:000321542800033 PM 23742138 ER PT J AU Shi, XM Zhou, FG Li, XJ Chang, B Li, DP Wang, Y Tong, QC Xu, Y Fukuda, M Zhao, JJ Li, DF Burrin, DG Chan, L Guan, XF AF Shi, Xuemei Zhou, Fuguo Li, Xiaojie Chang, Benny Li, Depei Wang, Yi Tong, Qingchun Xu, Yong Fukuda, Makoto Zhao, Jean J. Li, Defa Burrin, Douglas G. Chan, Lawrence Guan, Xinfu TI Central GLP-2 Enhances Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity via Activating PI3K Signaling in POMC Neurons SO CELL METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-2; HYPOTHALAMIC PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN NEURONS; GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS; ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS; FOOD-INTAKE; LEPTIN ACTION; GUT HORMONES; BLOOD-FLOW; RECEPTOR; OBESITY AB Glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1/GLP-2) are coproduced and highlighted as key modulators to improve glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity after bariatric surgery. However, it is unknown if CNS GLP-2 plays any physiological role in the control of glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. We show that mice lacking GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) in POMC neurons display glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance. GLP-2R activation in POMC neurons is required for GLP-2 to enhance insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic glucose production (HGP) and gluconeogenesis. GLP-2 directly modulates excitability of POMC neurons in GLP-2R- and PI3K-dependent manners. GLP-2 initiates GLP-2R-p85 alpha interaction and facilitates PI3K-Akt-dependent FoxO1 nuclear exclusion in POMC neurons. Central GLP-2 suppresses basal HGP and enhances insulin sensitivity, which are abolished in POMC-p110 alpha KO mice. Thus, CNS GLP-2 plays a key physiological role in the control of HGP through activating PI3K-dependent modulation of membrane excitability and nuclear transcription of POMC neurons in the brain. C1 [Shi, Xuemei; Zhou, Fuguo; Li, Xiaojie; Wang, Yi; Xu, Yong; Fukuda, Makoto; Burrin, Douglas G.; Guan, Xinfu] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chang, Benny; Chan, Lawrence; Guan, Xinfu] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Diabet Endocrinol & Metab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Li, Depei] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Crit Care, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Tong, Qingchun] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Inst Mol Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Zhao, Jean J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Li, Defa] China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Guan, XF (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM xguan@bcm.edu RI Fukuda, Makoto/I-7915-2014; OI Fukuda, Makoto/0000-0003-0112-9925; Tong, Qingchun/0000-0002-4561-2540 FU USDA CRIS [6250-51000-055]; NIH [DK075489, DK084125, P30DK079638]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30728016] FX The authors thank Zhuo Yang, Maria Truong, Shixiang Wen, An Hong Nguyen, Jian Qi, Wei Wang, Guangchen Zhang, Shaji Chacko, Daniel Donaldson, Jerome Stubblefield, Fang Zou, Liangru Zhu, Qiang Tong, Darryl Hadsell, Marta Fiorotto, Juan Marini, and Dennis Bier at Baylor College of Medicine for scientific and technical support. We also thank Yuanzhong Xu at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston for technical support. This work is supported by the USDA CRIS 6250-51000-055, NIH grants DK075489 and DK084125, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 30728016 (X. G.) and by NIH P30DK079638 (L. C.). X. S. and X. G. contributed to the study concept and design, acquisition of data, statistical analysis, interpretation of data, and drafting the manuscript. In addition, X. G. obtained funding, supervised the study, and finalized the manuscript. X. L. and B. C. contributed to the design and generation of the Glp2r floxed mice. F.Z., Y.W., Q. T., and Depei Li assisted with cell culture, in situ hybridization, and electrophysiological recording. Y.X., M. F., J.J.Z., Defa Li, D. G. B., and L. C. provided technical support and critically reviewed the manuscript. NR 38 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 16 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1550-4131 EI 1932-7420 J9 CELL METAB JI Cell Metab. PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 18 IS 1 BP 86 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.06.014 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 242UE UT WOS:000326267100012 PM 23823479 ER PT J AU Libbrecht, R Corona, M Wende, F Azevedo, DO Serrao, JE Keller, L AF Libbrecht, Romain Corona, Miguel Wende, Franziska Azevedo, Dihego O. Serrao, Jose E. Keller, Laurent TI Interplay between insulin signaling, juvenile hormone, and vitellogenin regulates maternal effects on polyphenism in ants SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PALLIDULA NYL HYMENOPTERA; LOCUST SCHISTOCERCA-GREGARIA; DIVISION-OF-LABOR; CASTE DETERMINATION; HONEY-BEE; APIS-MELLIFERA; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; CORPORA-ALLATA; LIFE-HISTORY AB Polyphenism is the phenomenon in which alternative phenotypes are produced by a single genotype in response to environmental cues. An extreme case is found in social insects, in which reproductive queens and sterile workers that greatly differ in morphology and behavior can arise from a single genotype. Experimental evidence for maternal effects on caste determination, the differential larval development toward the queen or worker caste, was recently documented in Pogonomyrmex seed harvester ants, in which only colonies with a hibernated queen produce new queens. However, the proximate mechanisms behind these intergenerational effects have remained elusive. We used a combination of artificial hibernation, hormonal treatments, gene expression analyses, hormone measurements, and vitellogenin quantification to investigate how the combined effect of environmental cues and hormonal signaling affects the process of caste determination in Pogonomyrmex rugosus. The results show that the interplay between insulin signaling, juvenile hormone, and vitellogenin regulates maternal effects on the production of alternative phenotypes and set vitellogenin as a likely key player in the intergenerational transmission of information. This study reveals how hibernation triggers the production of new queens in Pogonomyrmex ant colonies. More generally, it provides important information on maternal effects by showing how environmental cues experienced by one generation can translate into phenotypic variation in the next generation. C1 [Libbrecht, Romain; Corona, Miguel; Keller, Laurent] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Libbrecht, Romain] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Insect Social Evolut, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Corona, Miguel] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wende, Franziska] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Anim Ecol 1, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. [Azevedo, Dihego O.; Serrao, Jose E.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Geral, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Libbrecht, R (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM romain.libbrecht@gmail.com OI keller, laurent/0000-0002-5046-9953 FU Swiss National Science Foundation; European Research Council; Marie Curie Fellowship FX We thank Gro Amdam, Eric Lucas, and Gene Robinson for comments on this manuscript, and Tanja Schwander for the collection of founding queens. This research was supported by several grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation and a European Research Council Advanced Grant (to L. K.), and a Marie Curie Fellowship (to R. L.). NR 94 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 81 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 27 BP 11050 EP 11055 DI 10.1073/pnas.1221781110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 185OF UT WOS:000321978000048 PM 23754378 ER PT J AU Iqbal, J Sun, L Cao, J Yuen, T Lu, P Bab, I Leu, NA Srinivasan, S Wagage, S Hunter, CA Nebert, DW Zaidi, M Avadhani, NG AF Iqbal, Jameel Sun, Li Cao, Jay Yuen, Tony Lu, Ping Bab, Itai Leu, N. Adrian Srinivasan, Satish Wagage, Sagie Hunter, Christopher A. Nebert, Daniel W. Zaidi, Mone Avadhani, Narayan G. TI Smoke carcinogens cause bone loss through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induction of Cyp1 enzymes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE skeletal remodeling; bone formation; toxicology; osteoblast ID NF-KAPPA-B; OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION; MARROW CYTOTOXICITY; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; IN-VITRO; METABOLISM; INHIBITION; AHR; METAANALYSIS; RESORPTION AB Smoking is a major risk factor for osteoporosis and fracture, but the mechanism through which smoke causes bone loss remains unclear. Here, we show that the smoke toxins benzo(a) pyrene (BaP) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) interact with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) to induce osteoclastic bone resorption through the activation of cytochrome P450 1a/1b (Cyp1) enzymes. BaP and TCDD enhanced osteoclast formation in bone marrow cell cultures and gavage with BaP stimulated bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis in vivo. The osteoclastogenesis triggered by BaP or RANK-L was reduced in Ahr(-/-) cells, consistent with the high bone mass noted in Ahr(-/-) male mice. The receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANK-L) also failed to induce the expression of Cyp1 enzymes in Ahr(-/-) cells. Furthermore, the osteoclastogenesis induced by TCDD was lower in Cyp1a1/1a2(-/-) and Cyp1a1/1a2/1b1(-/-) cultures, indicating that Ahr was upstream of the Cyp enzymes. Likewise, the pharmacological inhibition of the Cyp1 enzymes with tetramethylsilane or proadifen reduced osteoclastogenesis. Finally, deletion of the Cyp1a1, Cyp1a2, and Cyp1b1 in triple knockout mice resulted in reduced bone resorption and recapitulated the high bone mass phenotype of Ahr(-/-) mice. Overall, the data identify the Ahr and Cyp1 enzymes not only in the pathophysiology of smoke-induced osteoporosis, but also as potential targets for selective modulation by new therapeutics. C1 [Iqbal, Jameel; Leu, N. Adrian; Srinivasan, Satish; Avadhani, Narayan G.] Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19147 USA. [Wagage, Sagie; Hunter, Christopher A.] Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19147 USA. [Iqbal, Jameel] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19147 USA. [Iqbal, Jameel; Sun, Li; Yuen, Tony; Lu, Ping; Zaidi, Mone] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Mt Sinai Bone Program, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Cao, Jay] USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Bab, Itai] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Bone Lab, IL-76100 Jerusalem, Israel. [Nebert, Daniel W.] Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Zaidi, M (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Mt Sinai Bone Program, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM mone.zaidi@mssm.edu; nar-ayan@vet.upenn.edu FU National Institutes of Health [DK80459, AG23176, AG40132, GM34883, CA22763, ES08147, ES014403, P30 ES06096]; US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System Program [5450-51000-046-00D]; Harriet Ellison Woodward Trust FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants DK80459 (to M.Z. and L. S.), AG23176 (to M.Z.), AG40132 (to M.Z.), GM34883 (to N.G.A.), CA22763 (to N.G.A.), and ES08147, ES014403, and P30 ES06096 (to D.W.N.). J.C. is supported by the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System Program (5450-51000-046-00D). N.G.A. is supported by an endowment from the Harriet Ellison Woodward Trust. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 14 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 27 BP 11115 EP 11120 DI 10.1073/pnas.1220919110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 185OF UT WOS:000321978000059 PM 23776235 ER PT J AU Knyazikhin, Y Lewis, P Disney, MI Mottus, M Rautiainen, M Stenberg, P Kaufmann, RK Marshak, A Schull, MA Carmona, PL Vanderbilt, V Davis, AB Baret, F Jacquemoud, S Lyapustin, A Yang, Y Myneni, RB AF Knyazikhin, Yuri Lewis, Philip Disney, Mathias I. Mottus, Matti Rautiainen, Miina Stenberg, Pauline Kaufmann, Robert K. Marshak, Alexander Schull, Mitchell A. Carmona, Pedro Latorre Vanderbilt, Vern Davis, Anthony B. Baret, Frederic Jacquemoud, Stephane Lyapustin, Alexei Yang, Yan Myneni, Ranga B. TI Reply to Ollinger et al.: Remote sensing of leaf nitrogen and emergent ecosystem properties SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter C1 [Knyazikhin, Yuri; Kaufmann, Robert K.; Yang, Yan; Myneni, Ranga B.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Lewis, Philip; Disney, Mathias I.] UCL, Dept Geog, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Lewis, Philip; Disney, Mathias I.] UCL, Natl Ctr Earth Observat, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Mottus, Matti] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Rautiainen, Miina; Stenberg, Pauline] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Marshak, Alexander; Lyapustin, Alexei] NASA, Climate & Radiat Lab, Goddard Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Schull, Mitchell A.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Carmona, Pedro Latorre] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Lenguajes & Sistemas Informat, Castellon de La Plana 12071, Spain. [Vanderbilt, Vern] NASA, Biospher Sci Branch, Div Earth Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Davis, Anthony B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Baret, Frederic] INRA Site Agroparc, Unite Mixte Rech Environm Mediterraneen & Modelis, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Jacquemoud, Stephane] Univ Paris Diderot, Inst Phys Globe Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Unite Mixte Rech Ctr Natl Rech Sci 7154, F-75013 Paris, France. RP Knyazikhin, Y (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jknjazi@bu.edu RI Rautiainen, Miina/A-4208-2009; Mottus, Matti/A-4130-2009; Marshak, Alexander/D-5671-2012; Myneni, Ranga/F-5129-2012; Lyapustin, Alexei/H-9924-2014; Disney, Mathias/C-1889-2008; Jacquemoud, Stephane/F-8842-2010; Baret, Fred/C-4135-2011 OI Rautiainen, Miina/0000-0002-6568-3258; Mottus, Matti/0000-0002-2745-1966; Lyapustin, Alexei/0000-0003-1105-5739; Baret, Fred/0000-0002-7655-8997 NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 43 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 27 BP E2438 EP E2438 DI 10.1073/pnas.1305930110 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 185OF UT WOS:000321978000002 PM 23980281 ER PT J AU Ollinger, SV Reich, PB Frolking, S Lepine, LC Hollinger, DY Richardson, AD AF Ollinger, Scott V. Reich, Peter B. Frolking, Steve Lepine, Lucie C. Hollinger, David Y. Richardson, Andrew D. TI Nitrogen cycling, forest canopy reflectance, and emergent properties of ecosystems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter ID FOLIAR NITROGEN; ALBEDO C1 [Ollinger, Scott V.; Frolking, Steve; Lepine, Lucie C.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Ollinger, Scott V.; Frolking, Steve; Lepine, Lucie C.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia. [Hollinger, David Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Ollinger, SV (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM scott.ollinger@unh.edu RI Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014; OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; Lepine, Lucie/0000-0003-1028-2534 NR 5 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 56 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 27 BP E2437 EP E2437 DI 10.1073/pnas.1304176110 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 185OF UT WOS:000321978000001 PM 23671063 ER PT J AU VanDalen, KK Hall, JS Clark, L McLean, RG Smeraski, C AF VanDalen, Kaci K. Hall, Jeffrey S. Clark, Larry McLean, Robert G. Smeraski, Cynthia TI West Nile Virus Infection in American Robins: New Insights on Dose Response SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LOUIS-ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HOST FEEDING PATTERNS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; AVIAN HOSTS; TRANSMISSION; BIRDS; AMPLIFICATION AB West Nile virus (WNV) is a vector-borne pathogen that was first detected in the United States in 1999. The natural transmission cycle of WNV involves mosquito vectors and avian hosts, which vary in their competency to transmit the virus. American robins are an abundant backyard species in the United States and appear to have an important role in the amplification and dissemination of WNV. In this study we examine the response of American robins to infection with various WNV doses within the range of those administered by some natural mosquito vectors. Thirty American robins were assigned a WNV dosage treatment and needle inoculated with 10(0.95) PFU, 10(1.26) PFU, 10(2.15) PFU, or 10(3.15) PFU. Serum samples were tested for the presence of infectious WNV and/or antibodies, while oral swabs were tested for the presence of WNV RNA. Five of the 30 (17%) robins had neutralizing antibodies to WNV prior to the experiment and none developed viremia or shed WNV RNA. The proportion of WNV-seronegative birds that became viremic after WNV inoculation increased in a dose dependent manner. At the lowest dose, only 40% (2/5) of the inoculated birds developed productive infections while at the highest dose, 100% (7/7) of the birds became viremic. Oral shedding of WNV RNA followed a similar trend where robins inoculated with the lower two doses were less likely to shed viral RNA (25%) than robins inoculated with one of the higher doses (92%). Viremia titers and morbidity did not increase in a dose dependent manner; only two birds succumbed to infection and, interestingly, both were inoculated with the lowest dose of WNV. It is clear that the disease ecology of WNV is a complex interplay of hosts, vectors, and viral dose delivered. C1 [VanDalen, Kaci K.; Hall, Jeffrey S.; Clark, Larry; McLean, Robert G.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Smeraski, Cynthia] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP VanDalen, KK (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM Kaci.vandalen@aphis.usda.gov OI Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826 FU United States Department of Agriculture FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture. The manuscript was reviewed for general policy statements committing the USDA to action, but otherwise the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68537 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068537 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 176XV UT WOS:000321341000170 PM 23844218 ER PT J AU Havey, MJ AF Havey, Michael J. TI Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Linkage Disequilibrium with the Male-fertility Restoration (Ms) Locus in Open-pollinated and Inbred Populations of Onion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Allium cepa; cytoplasmic male sterility; hybrid production; marker-assisted selection ID ALLIUM-CEPA L.; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; CYTOPLASM; MARKER; GENE AB Maintainer lines are used to seed propagate male-sterile lines for the development of hybrid onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivars. The identification of maintainer lines would be more efficient with molecular markers distinguishing genotypes at the nuclear male-fertility restoration (Ms) locus. Ms has been mapped to chromosome 2 of onion and linked genetic markers identified. However, linkages between these markers and Ms were detected using F-2 or BC1 families at maximum linkage disequilibrium and, for many markers, their efficacy to predict genotypes at Ms in onion populations at or near linkage equilibrium remains unknown. In this research, near isogenic lines homozygous-dominant and -recessive at Ms were developed and screened for 930 single nucleotide polymorphisms-(SNPs). Three-SNPs tightly linked on chromosome 2 remained in linkage disequilibrium with genotypes at Ms among randomly selected plants from three open-pollinated populations of onion as well as among a collection of inbred lines. These SNPs should be useful for selection of the recessive ms allele to aid in the development of maintainer lines for hybrid onion development. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, Vegetable Crops Unit,Agr Res Serv, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, Vegetable Crops Unit,Agr Res Serv, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu FU USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2008-51180-04875] FX I gratefully acknowledge the support of grant number 2008-51180-04875 from the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 138 IS 4 BP 306 EP 309 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AD4OK UT WOS:000333230200009 ER PT J AU Adeli, A McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP Read, JJ Willers, JL Lang, DJ Mcgrew, R AF Adeli, Ardeshir McLaughlin, Mike R. Brooks, John P. Read, John J. Willers, Jeffrey L. Lang, David J. Mcgrew, Rebbaca TI Age Chronosequence Effects on Restoration Quality of Reclaimed Coal Mine Soils in Mississippi Agroecosystems SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Land use; landscape; summit; shoulder; chronosequence; coal mine ID SOUTHEASTERN OHIO; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MINESOILS; NITROGEN; LAND; RECLAMATION; FOREST; ACCUMULATION AB Surface mining drastically disturbs landscapes and soil properties. Reclamation can restore and improve soil quality and biomass productivity. Time required for soil reclamation to restore soil quality to premined conditions in southeastern United States is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate chronosequence effects on restoration quality indicators in reclaimed coal mine soil from different land use landscapes and agroecosystems in Mississippi. Study sites in 0- to 3-, 5- to 7-, and 10- to 12-year-old reclaimed soils were compared with adjacent undisturbed sites. Soil samples collected at the 0- to 15-cm and the 15- to 30-cm depths within a grid in a radius of 3 m were mixed to produce composite samples and kept frozen until analyzed. Soil bulk density (rho b) was the highest (1.48 g cm(-3)) in the youngest (<1 year) site and decreased with increasing age to the oldest (12-year) site (1.07 g cm(-3)). Soil quality indicators (aggregate stability, total C, organic C, and microbial biomass C) increased with increasing reclamation age in forest and grass ecosystems. Concentrations of C were greater at the summit than at shoulder and foot-slope positions. Soil pH, Ca, Mg, Cu, and Zn were higher in newly reclaimed soil than in soils reclaimed 12 years earlier possibly because of reclamation liming practices, which buffer pH to greater than 7.0 in newly reclaimed sites. Reclamation practices improved soil quality over time. Soil quality indicators reached levels similar to those of undisturbed soil within 7 to 12 years after reclamation, indicating successful reestablishment of healthy and sustainable soils in the postmining ecosystems. C1 [Adeli, Ardeshir; McLaughlin, Mike R.; Brooks, John P.; Read, John J.; Willers, Jeffrey L.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Lang, David J.; Mcgrew, Rebbaca] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Adeli, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM ardeshir.adeli@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 178 IS 7 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e3182a79e37 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 298JR UT WOS:000330320500002 ER PT J AU Hu, LJ Li, P Guo, Q AF Hu, Liang-Jun Li, Ping Guo, Qinfeng TI Positive Plant Diversity-Soil Stability Relationships are Mediated through Roots in the Songnen Grassland: Chronosequence Evidence SO NOTULAE BOTANICAE HORTI AGROBOTANICI CLUJ-NAPOCA LA English DT Article DE biodiversity-ecosystem functioning; density compensation; diversity-stability relationship; functional role; mechanism; soil detachment rate; succession; root form ID ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; STATISTICAL INEVITABILITY; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; LINKING BIODIVERSITY; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; INSURANCE HYPOTHESIS; TEMPERATE GRASSLAND; TEMPORAL STABILITY; CONCENTRATED FLOW AB Living plant diversity (excluding the litter issue) may affect below-ground properties and processes, which is critical to obtaining an integrated biodiversity-ecosystem functioning theory. However, related patterns and underlying mechanisms have rarely been examined, especially lacking long-term evidence. We conducted a factorial crossed sample survey to examine the effects of plant diversity on soil stability over succession based on space-for-time substitution in the Songnen Steppes, North-Eastern China. The results indicate that, under natural colonizing conditions, species-poor systems achieved lower soil stability than species-rich systems, regardless of successional stage. However, soil stability was significantly regulated by plant species richness (number), composition (identity), density (abundance), and functional roles. Our results confirm that a long-term positive plant diversity-soil stability relationship exists in steppe succession. In particular, this enhanced effect of biodiversity on soil stability may operate via diversifying plant root traits. Our results may underpin an integrated biodiversity-ecosystem functioning theory, and improve human use and conservation management of natural resources at an integrated ecosystem level. C1 [Hu, Liang-Jun; Li, Ping] NE Normal Univ, MOE Key Lab Vegetat Ecol Sci, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Guo, Qinfeng] USDA FS, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Hu, LJ (reprint author), NE Normal Univ, MOE Key Lab Vegetat Ecol Sci, 5268 Renmin St,Life Sci Bldg, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. EM hulj068@gmail.com FU Chinese National Natural Science Foundation [41071189]; Jilin Provincial Sci-Tech Cooperation [20090713]; Jilin Provincial Personnel Affairs Services Program for Selected Sci-Tech Innovation Activities by Chinese Returnees with Overseas Study Record; China Scholarship Council FX This research was supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation Program (No. 41071189), the Jilin Provincial Sci-Tech Cooperation International Program (No. 20090713) and the Jilin Provincial Personnel Affairs Services Program for Selected Sci-Tech Innovation Activities by Chinese Returnees with Overseas Study Record. Chi-Hua Huang is also thanked for hosting LJ Hu to continue this research at the USDA-ARS NSERL under a visitor program to Purdue University supported by China Scholarship Council. NR 81 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU UNIV AGR SCI & VETERINARY MED CLUJ-NAPOCA PI CLUJ-NAPOCA PA 3-5 MANASTUR ST, CLUJ-NAPOCA, 400372, ROMANIA SN 0255-965X J9 NOT BOT HORTI AGROBO JI Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. Cluj-Na. PD JUL-DEC PY 2013 VL 41 IS 2 BP 626 EP 637 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 272CQ UT WOS:000328438300042 ER PT J AU Schleicher, M Weikel, K Garber, C Taylor, A AF Schleicher, Molly Weikel, Karen Garber, Caren Taylor, Allen TI Diminishing Risk for Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Nutrition: A Current View SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Review DE AMD; antioxidants; carotenoids; nutrition; glycemic index; aging ID BLUE-MOUNTAINS-EYE; RETINAL-PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; DIETARY GLYCEMIC INDEX; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; FACTOR-H POLYMORPHISM; BEAVER DAM EYE; VITAMIN-E; OPTICAL-DENSITY; BETA-CAROTENE AB Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Clinical hallmarks of AMD are observed in one third of the elderly in industrialized countries. Preventative interventions through dietary modification are attractive strategies, because they are more affordable than clinical therapies, do not require specialists for administration and many studies suggest a benefit of micro- and macro-nutrients with respect to AMD with few, if any, adverse effects. The goal of this review is to provide information from recent literature on the value of various nutrients, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, lower glycemic index diets and, perhaps, some carotenoids, with regard to diminishing risk for onset or progression of AMD. Results from the upcoming Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) II intervention trial should be particularly informative. C1 [Schleicher, Molly; Garber, Caren; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Weikel, Karen] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Taylor, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM molly.schleicher@tufts.edu; karen.weikel@bmc.org; caren.garber@tufts.edu; allen.taylor@tufts.edu FU NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY021212] NR 137 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 18 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD JUL PY 2013 VL 5 IS 7 BP 2405 EP 2456 DI 10.3390/nu5072405 PG 52 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 274TD UT WOS:000328628200009 PM 23820727 ER PT J AU Mishra, V Cruise, JF Mecikalski, JR Hain, CR Anderson, MC AF Mishra, Vikalp Cruise, James F. Mecikalski, John R. Hain, Christopher R. Anderson, Martha C. TI A Remote-Sensing Driven Tool for Estimating Crop Stress and Yields SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE crop modeling; remote sensing; soil moisture; ALEXI; DSSAT; maximum entropy ID CERES-MAIZE MODEL; SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; SOIL-MOISTURE; HEAT-FLUX; STATISTICAL MECHANICS; INFORMATION THEORY; TROPICAL RAINFALL; 2-SOURCE MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SENSED DATA AB Biophysical crop simulation models are normally forced with precipitation data recorded with either gauges or ground-based radar. However, ground-based recording networks are not available at spatial and temporal scales needed to drive the models at many critical places on earth. An alternative would be to employ satellite-based observations of either precipitation or soil moisture. Satellite observations of precipitation are currently not considered capable of forcing the models with sufficient accuracy for crop yield predictions. However, deduction of soil moisture from space-based platforms is in a more advanced state than are precipitation estimates so that these data may be capable of forcing the models with better accuracy. In this study, a mature two-source energy balance model, the Atmosphere Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) model, was used to deduce root zone soil moisture for an area of North Alabama, USA. The soil moisture estimates were used in turn to force the state-of-the-art Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) crop simulation model. The study area consisted of a mixture of rainfed and irrigated cornfields. The results indicate that the model forced with the ALEXI moisture estimates produced yield simulations that compared favorably with observed yields and with the rainfed model. The data appear to indicate that the ALEXI model did detect the soil moisture signal from the mixed rainfed/irrigation corn fields and this signal was of sufficient strength to produce adequate simulations of recorded yields over a 10 year period. C1 [Mishra, Vikalp; Cruise, James F.] Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Mecikalski, John R.] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Hain, Christopher R.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Anderson, Martha C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cruise, JF (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. EM mishrav@nsstc.uah.edu; james.cruise@nsstc.uah.edu; johnm@nsstc.uah.edu; christopher.hain@gmail.com; martha.anderson@ars.usda.gov RI Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration GOES-R Research Grant [DG133E11SE2042]; National Science Foundation/United States Department of Agriculture [2011-67004-30334] FX This research project was supported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration GOES-R Research Grant DG133E11SE2042 and by National Science Foundation/United States Department of Agriculture Grant 2011-67004-30334. The authors would also like to express their appreciation to the four anonymous referees and to the editor for their very helpful comments. NR 72 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 25 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 5 IS 7 BP 3331 EP 3356 DI 10.3390/rs5073331 PG 26 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 274SH UT WOS:000328626000010 ER PT J AU von Dohlen, CD Spaulding, U Shields, K Havill, NP Rosa, C Hoover, K AF von Dohlen, Carol D. Spaulding, Usha Shields, Kathleen Havill, Nathan P. Rosa, Cristina Hoover, Kelli TI Diversity of proteobacterial endosymbionts in hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) from its native and introduced range SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACULTATIVE BACTERIAL ENDOSYMBIONTS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ACYRTHOSIPHON-PISUM; SECONDARY SYMBIONT; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CIRCULATIVE TRANSMISSION; PHYLOGENETIC CONGRUENCE; BUCHNERA-APHIDICOLA; SUBFAMILY LACHNINAE; INSECT VECTOR AB Knowledge of intraspecific variation in symbioses may aid in understanding the ecology of widespread insects in different parts of their range. We investigated bacterial symbionts of Adelges tsugae, a pest of hemlocks in eastern North America introduced from Asia. Amplification, cloning, and sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA, in situ hybridizations, and electron microscopy revealed that A.tsugae harbours up to five bacterial phylotypes, according to population. Three Gammaproteobacteria species are maternally transmitted. The first, designated Ca. Pseudomonas adelgestsugas' resides in the haemocoel, and was detected in all populations except Taiwan. The second phylotype, Ca. Serratia symbiotica', resides in bacteriocytes of populations on Tsuga sieboldii in Japan and in E. North America. The third phylotype, designated Ca. Annandia adelgestsuga', clustered within a lineage of several insect endosymbionts that included Buchnera aphidicola. It was detected in bacteriocytes in all populations, and in salivary glands of first instars. Two Betaproteobacteria phylotypes were detected in some Japanese T.sieboldii and eastern North America populations, and were observed only in salivary glands with no evidence of maternal transmission. Our results support the ideas that symbiont gain and loss has been volatile in adelgids, and that symbionts may help to trace the source of invasive species. C1 [von Dohlen, Carol D.; Spaulding, Usha] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Shields, Kathleen; Havill, Nathan P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Rosa, Cristina; Hoover, Kelli] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Rosa, Cristina; Hoover, Kelli] Penn State Univ, Ctr Chem Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP von Dohlen, CD (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM carol.vondohlen@usu.edu FU USDA-FS [05-CA-11242343-026]; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank Hitoshi Tsujimoto for molecular laboratory assistance, Joe Shope for assistance with confocal microscopy, William Brindley for identification of salivary glands, all collectors listed in TableS1 for samples, Robert Foottit for discussion, and Kathryn Weglarz and three anonymous referees for comments on the manuscript. This research was funded by a USDA-FS Cooperative Agreement (#05-CA-11242343-026) and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station; approved as journal paper #8463. NR 106 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 15 IS 7 SI SI BP 2043 EP 2062 DI 10.1111/1462-2920.12102 PG 20 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 279JJ UT WOS:000328955900011 PM 23452267 ER PT J AU Fischer, JW Phillips, GE Nichols, TA VerCauteren, KC AF Fischer, Justin W. Phillips, Gregory E. Nichols, Tracy A. VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Could avian scavengers translocate infectious prions to disease-free areas initiating new foci of chronic wasting disease? SO PRION LA English DT Editorial Material DE American crows; Corvus brachyrhynchos; CWD; disease transmission; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; TSE ID ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; MULE DEER; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; STRAIN MUTATION; TRANSMISSION; EXPOSURE; COLORADO; CARCASS; PROTEIN; BIRDS AB Mechanisms for the spread of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy diseases, including chronic wasting disease (CWD) in North American cervids, are incompletely understood, but primary routes include horizontal and environmental transmission. Birds have been identified as potential vectors for a number of diseases, where they ingest or are exposed to infected material and later shed the disease agent in new areas after flying substantial distances. We recently identified American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) as having the potential to translocate infectious prions in their feces. Our results suggest that this common, migratory North American scavenger is capable of translocating infectious prions to disease-free areas, potentially seeding CWD infection where no other initial source of pathogen establishment is forthcoming. Here we speculate on the role avian scavengers, like American crows, might play in the spatial dissemination of CWD. We also consider the role mammalian scavengers may play in dispersing prions. C1 [Fischer, Justin W.; Phillips, Gregory E.; Nichols, Tracy A.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP VerCauteren, KC (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM kurt.c.vercauteren@aphis.usda.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 17 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 263 EP 266 DI 10.4161/pri.25621 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 259SA UT WOS:000327545400001 PM 23822910 ER PT J AU Ruttanaprasert, R Jogloy, S Vorasoot, N Kesmala, T Kanwar, RS Holbrook, CC Patanothai, A AF Ruttanaprasert, R. Jogloy, S. Vorasoot, N. Kesmala, T. Kanwar, R. S. Holbrook, C. C. Patanothai, A. TI Photoperiod and growing degree days effect on dry matter partitioning in Jerusalem artichoke SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Planting date; Harvest index; Shoot dry weight; Helianthus tuberosus L ID TEMPERATURE; POTATO; TUBERS; GROWTH; L. AB matter partitioning in Jerusalem artichoke was investigated during 2008-09 and 2009-10. Three Jerusalem artichoke genotypes (CN-52867, JA-89 and HEL-65) were planted in 15 day-intervals between with thirteen different dates (September 20 to March 20) at Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Jerusalem artichoke genotypes responded differently to varying planting dates for harvest index, shoot dry weight, leaf area, number of tubers and tuber size. Two genotypes, CN-52867 and JA-89, were significantly more productive on the planting date of 20 September and they also performed well on planting dates of 5 October to 20 March. Plant grown in long photoperiod with a higher number of GDD produced shoot dry weight rather than greater number of harvestable tubers, while short photoperiod induced high partitioning of assimilates to harvestable tubers. Jerusalem artichoke plants grown during short photoperiod were smaller and produced larger tubers than those grown during long photoperiod. Tuber yield was relatively unchanged across planting dates. Since Jerusalem artichoke during short photoperiod had smaller plants, growing Jerusalem artichoke at higher plant population with optimum density is highly recommended to increase tuber yield. The information obtained in this study is extremely important for Jerusalem artichoke production and breeding in the tropical agro-climatic conditions such as Thailand. C1 [Ruttanaprasert, R.; Jogloy, S.; Vorasoot, N.; Kesmala, T.; Patanothai, A.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen, Thailand. [Kanwar, R. S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Holbrook, C. C.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen, Thailand. EM sanun@kku.ac.th FU Thai Royal Golden Jubilee Ph. D. Program [PHD/0026/2551] FX This work was funded by the Thai Royal Golden Jubilee Ph. D. Program (Grant no. PHD/0026/2551), the Peanut and Jerusalem Artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group and the Thailand Research Fund (TRF), The Commission of Higher Education (CHE) and Khon Kaen University for providing fund through the Distinguish Research Professor Grant of Professor Dr. Aran Patanothai. We also acknowledge supported by the Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES PI GORGAN PA GORGAN UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & NATURAL RESOURCES, JOURNAL OFFICE, VICE-PRESIDENCY RESEARCH, GORGAN, 49138-15739, IRAN SN 1735-6814 EI 1735-8043 J9 INT J PLANT PROD JI Int. J. Plant Prod. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 393 EP 415 PG 23 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 257JH UT WOS:000327379100003 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Biggs, AR Jurick, WM Vico, I Conway, WS AF Janisiewicz, Wojciech J. Biggs, Alan R. Jurick, Wayne M., II Vico, Ivana Conway, William S. TI Biological characteristics of Monilinia fructicola isolates from stone fruits in eastern West Virginia SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brown rot; fenbuconazole; postharvest decay; vegetative compatibility groups ID SWEET CHERRY FRUIT; BROWN-ROT FUNGI; REDUCED SENSITIVITY; DMI FUNGICIDES; PEACH FRUIT; GROWTH-RATE; PROPICONAZOLE; INFECTIONS; MANAGEMENT; RESISTANCE AB Monilinia fructicola, the causal agent of brown rot, was recovered from decayed stone fruits (peach, plum and nectarine) in 11 West Virginia orchards. There was significant variation among these isolates with respect to colony morphology, growth rate, sporulation level, sensitivity to fenbuconazole, vegetative compatibility and virulence. Species identification was confirmed using ITS sequences from the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene. The cultural phenotypes on potato dextrose agar (PDA) ranged from white to dark, melanized colonies. The growth rate of the isolates on PDA ranged from 0.3 to 3.2 mm day(-1) at 4 degrees C, from 2.9 to 7.6 mm day(-1) at 10 degrees C, and from 4.8 to 19 mm day(-1) at 24 degrees C. There was a statistically significant relationship between the growth of the isolates on PDA and their aggressiveness on nectarines at 24 degrees C, especially at higher inoculum concentrations. Sporulation of 3-day-old cultures on peach agar at 24 degrees C varied from profuse to no sporulation, with some isolates sporulating only sparsely after 10 days. The EC50 for fenbuconazole ranged from 0.003 to 0.129 g L-1 and for two reference isolates was 0.020 and 0.016 g L-1. Only a few vegetative compatibility groups were identified among isolates within orchards, reflecting the lack of sexual recombination in this region. C1 [Janisiewicz, Wojciech J.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Biggs, Alan R.] W Virginia Univ, KTFREC, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Jurick, Wayne M., II; Vico, Ivana; Conway, William S.] USDA ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Janisiewicz, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM Wojciech.janisiewicz@ars.usda.gov OI Biggs, Alan/0000-0001-8362-9530 NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 35 IS 3 BP 315 EP 327 DI 10.1080/07060661.2013.823465 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 256FL UT WOS:000327295000005 ER PT J AU Agindotan, BO Prasifka, JR Gray, ME Dietrich, CH Bradley, CA AF Agindotan, B. O. Prasifka, J. R. Gray, M. E. Dietrich, C. H. Bradley, C. A. TI Transmission of Switchgrass mosaic virus by Graminella aureovittata SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomass crops; Graminella spp; insect transmission; Marafivirus; Panicum virgatum; virus transmission ID BLUE DWARF VIRUS; LEAFHOPPER; MAIZE; CICADELLIDAE; MARAFIVIRUS; MISCANTHUS; BIOENERGY; HOMOPTERA; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE AB Switchgrass mosaic virus (SwMV) was identified in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and was proposed as a new marafivirus based on its genome sequence and comparison with its closest relative, Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV), a type member of the genus Marafivirus. MRFV only infects maize (Zea mays) and its wild relatives, and is naturally transmitted by a corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis. Proving that SwMV is transmitted by a different species of leafhopper than D. maidis would provide additional evidence that SwMV is a new species of the genus Marafivirus. In 2010, three leafhopper species were identified in switchgrass fields near Champaign, Illinois - Graminella aureovittata, Graminella mohri and Flexamia atlantica. Switchgrass mosaic virus was detected by two independent RT-PCR assays in 100% of G. mohri and F. atlantica, and 95% of G. aureovittata. Twenty specimens of each species were evaluated. Of the three leafhoppers, only G. aureovittata transmitted the virus to Cave in Rock' switchgrass plants in a growth chamber. Transmission efficiency was 80% and only one of the eight SwMV-infected plants displayed mosaic/yellow streak symptoms. Switchgrass mosaic virus was detected in 78% and 83% of the switchgrass plants in the two fields from which the leafhoppers were collected. The detection of a leafhopper vector of SwMV will facilitate the transmission of the virus and the study of its impact on switchgrass biomass yield. C1 [Agindotan, B. O.; Gray, M. E.; Bradley, C. A.] Univ Illinois, Energy Biosci Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Prasifka, J. R.] ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Gray, M. E.; Bradley, C. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dietrich, C. H.] Univ Illinois, Prairie Res Inst, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Agindotan, BO (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Energy Biosci Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM brighta@illinois.edu RI Dietrich, Christopher/A-9169-2016 OI Dietrich, Christopher/0000-0003-4005-4305 FU Energy Biosciences Institute (EBI) FX This project was funded by the Energy Biosciences Institute (EBI). NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0706-0661 EI 1715-2992 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 35 IS 3 BP 384 EP 389 DI 10.1080/07060661.2013.810176 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 256FL UT WOS:000327295000012 ER PT J AU Kim, J Choi, B Cho, BK Lim, HS Kim, JB Natarajan, S Kwak, E Bae, H AF Kim, Jonggeun Choi, Bosung Cho, Byoung-Kwan Lim, Hyoun-Sub Kim, Joon Bum Natarajan, Savithiry Kwak, Eunjung Bae, Hanhong TI Molecular cloning, characterization and expression of the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) ortholog from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) SO PLANT OMICS LA English DT Article DE kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus); phenylpropanoid pathway; COMT (caffeic acid O-methyltrasferase); lignification; abiotic stresses ID CELL-SUSPENSION CULTURES; TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; BROWN-MIDRIB MUTANTS; MEDICAGO-SATIVA L; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; STRESS RESPONSES; MONOLIGNOL BIOSYNTHESIS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; DISEASE RESISTANCE; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS AB We cloned the full-length of the gene putatively encoding caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) using degenerate primers and the RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) method. COMT is an important methylating enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway that belongs to the SAM (S-adenosyl L-methionine)-dependent methyltransferases family. We investigated the expression pattern of kenaf COMT during developmental stages in different tissues and organs as well as in response to diverse abiotic stresses [wounding, salicylic acid (SA), NaCl, cold, H2O2 and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)]. The full-length COMT ortholog is composed of a 1,098-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 365 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence indicated that kenaf COMT had the highest similarity (95%) with that of Gossypium hirsutum. Three-week-old stem tissues were used to analyze COMT ortholog expression upon abiotic stresses. The highest level of COMT transcript (32%, relative to ACTIN) was detected at an early stage (4-week old) during stem development. The transcript levels of COMT ortholog were almost constant during the developmental stages of leaves and flowers, while early induction of the COMT ortholog was detected following wounding, SA, cold and H2O2 treatments, and MeJA led late induction and NaCl led to intermediate induction of the COMT ortholog. C1 [Kim, Jonggeun; Choi, Bosung; Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. [Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst & Machinary Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Lim, Hyoun-Sub] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Kim, Joon Bum] Korea Forest Res Inst, Warm Temperate Forest Res Ctr, Seogwipo 697050, South Korea. [Natarajan, Savithiry] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kwak, Eunjung] Yeungnam Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. RP Kwak, E (reprint author), Yeungnam Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. EM kwakej@ynu.ac.kr; hanhongbae@ynu.ac.kr FU Yeungnam University [2012000179] FX This research was supported by the Yeungnam University Research Grant in 2012000179. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOUTHERN CROSS PUBL PI LISMORE PA 8 91-93 MCKENZIE ST, LISMORE, NSW 2480, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0661 EI 1836-3644 J9 PLANT OMICS JI Plant Omics PD JUL PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 BP 246 EP 253 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 228DE UT WOS:000325164700001 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, MEK Choi, B Cho, BK Kim, JB Park, SU Natarajan, S Lim, HS Bae, H AF Chowdhury, Md. Emran Khan Choi, Bosung Cho, Byoung-Kwan Kim, Joon Bum Park, Sang Un Natarajan, Savithiry Lim, Hyoun-Sub Bae, Hanhong TI Regulation of 4CL, encoding 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase, expression in kenaf under diverse stress conditions SO PLANT OMICS LA English DT Article DE kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.); 4-coumarate: coenzymeA ligase (4CL); lignin biosynthesis; abiotic stress; quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) ID PLANT-CELL WALLS; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ABIOTIC STRESS; WATER-DEFICIT; PHENYLPROPANOID METABOLISM; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE; CATALYTIC PROPERTIES; HIBISCUS-CANNABINUS AB We cloned the full length 4CL ortholog encoding 4-coumarate: coenzymeA ligase from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabiuns, GenBank Accession No. JX548316) using degenerate primers and RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) method. The 4CL is a key regulatory enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway that regulates the activation of cinnamic acid, leading to the synthesis of flavonoids and lignin. The 1,704-bp full length of 4CL ortholog had a 1,623-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a predicted protein of 540 amino acids. The predicted molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) of the deduced protein was 59.56 kDa and 6.58, respectively. The sequence of the deduced amino acid shared 57-79% identities with other 4CL sequences. 4CL ortholog had two conserved putative AMP (adenosine monophosphate)-binding motifs, the SSGTTGLPKGV and GEICIRG domains. A BlastP analysis showed that kenaf 4CL ortholog showed 79% identity with ri4CL2 of Rubus idaeus (AAF91309), which is a class I 4CL involved in lignin synthesis. 4CL ortholog showed differential expression in all tissues during the developmental stages and was highly expressed in stem and root tissues. However, the lowest expression of 4CL ortholog was observed in leaf and mature flower tissues. 4CL ortholog was responsive to various stress conditions in the stem tissues of 3-week-old kenaf plants. Wounding caused biphasic expression at 6 h and 24 h after treatment. Taken together, the results of this study contribute to the knowledge of the presence of 4CL ortholog and its possible role in lignin biosynthesis, as well as its differential expression during developmental stages. C1 [Chowdhury, Md. Emran Khan; Choi, Bosung; Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. [Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst & Machinery Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Kim, Joon Bum] Korea Forest Res Inst, Warm Temperate Forest Res Ctr, Seogwipo 697050, South Korea. [Park, Sang Un] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Natarajan, Savithiry] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lim, Hyoun-Sub] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. RP Lim, HS (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. EM hyounlim@cnu.ac.kr; hanhongbae@ynu.ac.kr FU Yeungnam University [213A380062] FX This research was supported by the Yeungnam University Research Grant in 213A380062. NR 83 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOUTHERN CROSS PUBL PI LISMORE PA 8 91-93 MCKENZIE ST, LISMORE, NSW 2480, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-0661 EI 1836-3644 J9 PLANT OMICS JI Plant Omics PD JUL PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 BP 254 EP 262 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 228DE UT WOS:000325164700002 ER PT J AU Kiszonas, AM Fuerst, EP Morris, CF AF Kiszonas, Alecia M. Fuerst, E. Patrick Morris, Craig F. TI Wheat Arabinoxylan Structure Provides Insight into Function SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WATER-EXTRACTABLE ARABINOXYLANS; CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; OXIDATIVE CROSS-LINKING; END-USE QUALITY; SOFT WHEAT; WHOLE GRAINS; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; NONSTARCH POLYSACCHARIDES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SOLUBLE PENTOSANS AB Recent attention to dietary fiber in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has invigorated research in the nonstarch carbohydrate arabinoxylan (AX). AX molecules are composed of a linear xylose backbone with arabinose substitutions along the backbone. These arabinose substituents can also carry a ferulic acid moiety. AX molecules can be fractionated into two categories based on extraction properties that have a structural and conformational basis: water-extractable (WEAX) and water-unextractable (WUAX) molecules. The ferulic acid moieties also allow for oxidative cross-linking between AX molecules or the tyrosine residues of proteins. The contents of total AX and WEAX molecules are primarily influenced by genetic differences; however, there is also evidence of environmental influence on content. There are several useful methods for quantifying AX molecules, providing varying levels of structural information as well as accuracy and precision. The high water-absorption capacity of AX molecules results in a strong influence of AX on end-use quality. Whereas WEAX molecules, in particular, tend to be detrimental for the quality of soft wheat products such as cookies, WEAX molecules are beneficial to the quality of hard wheat products such as bread. The role of WUAX molecules among the range of soft wheat products is as yet unclear; however, WUAX molecules tend to have a detrimental influence on bread. Because of the variable influence of AX structure on end-use product functionality, closer examination of structure-function relationships may provide key insights into how to direct breeding efforts to maximize these relationships between AX molecules and other ingredients. Further investigation is necessary to obtain a more complete understanding of how the arabinose substitution levels and patterns affect end-use quality and how the genetic basis of these traits can be resolved and manipulated for optimum end-use quality. C1 [Kiszonas, Alecia M.; Fuerst, E. Patrick] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, E-202 Food Qual Bldg,POB 646394, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu NR 93 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 37 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 90 IS 4 BP 387 EP 395 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-02-13-0025-FI PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 244QP UT WOS:000326404700012 ER PT J AU Elpidina, EN Martynov, AG Oppert, B AF Elpidina, E. N. Martynov, A. G. Oppert, B. TI Analysis of cysteine cathepsins in Tenebrionidae SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Congress of the Federation-of-European-Biochemical-Societies (FEBS) CY JUL 06-11, 2013 CL Saint Petersburg, RUSSIA SP Federat European Biochemical Soc C1 [Elpidina, E. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, AN Belozersky Inst Physicochem Biol, Moscow, Russia. [Martynov, A. G.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Bioengn & Bioinformat, Moscow, Russia. [Oppert, B.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1742-464X EI 1742-4658 J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 280 SU 1 SI SI BP 587 EP 588 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 238CV UT WOS:000325919203385 ER PT J AU Register, KB Woodbury, MR Davies, JL Trujillo, JD Perez-Casal, J Burrage, PH Clark, EG Windeyer, MC AF Register, Karen B. Woodbury, Murray R. Davies, Jennifer L. Trujillo, Jessie D. Perez-Casal, Jose Burrage, Patrick H. Clark, Edward G. Windeyer, M. Claire TI Systemic mycoplasmosis with dystocia and abortion in a North American bison (Bison bison) herd SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Abortion; bison; Mycoplasma bovis ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; BOVIS INFECTIONS; CATTLE; ASSAY; FETUS; PCR; OUTBREAK AB The current study describes a fatal Mycoplasma bovis infection in a North American bison (Bison bison) cow and her aborted fetus in a herd suffering unusual mortality associated with dystocia and abortion. Postmortem evaluation of the subject case found severe caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia, chronic fibrinous pleuritis and pulmonary sequestra, foci of caseous necrosis in the kidneys, and necrotizing endometritis and placentitis. Histologic findings in the maternal tissues include endometrial and placental necrotizing vasculitis and changes in the lung similar to those previously described for M. bovis-associated pneumonia in feedlot bison. Gross and microscopic lesions were not observed in the fetus. Maternal lung, uterus, kidney, and placenta as well as fetal lung and kidney were positive for M. bovis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as were the Mycoplasma-like colonies cultured from these tissues. The presence of M. bovis in maternal and fetal tissues was further demonstrated using nucleic acid extracts in a pan-Mycoplasma SYBR Green PCR assay targeting the 16S-23S ribosomal RNA spacer region with post-PCR dissociation curve analysis and sequencing of the resulting amplicons. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing on maternal lung and uterine caruncle was strongly positive for M. bovis antigen. A variety of methods, including culture, PCR, and IHC, failed to identify other bacterial or viral pathogens in any of the tissues evaluated. These data are the first to implicate M. bovis as a cause of placentitis and abortion in bison. C1 [Register, Karen B.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Woodbury, Murray R.] Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. [Perez-Casal, Jose] Univ Saskatchewan, Int Vaccine Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Org, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Davies, Jennifer L.] Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, Dept Ecosyst & Publ Hlth, Diagnost Serv Unit, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Clark, Edward G.] Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin & Diagnost Sci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Windeyer, M. Claire] Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, Dept Prod Anim Hlth, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Trujillo, Jessie D.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Adv Host Defenses Immunobiot & Translat Compa, Ames, IA USA. [Burrage, Patrick H.] Burrage Vet Serv, Bluffton, AB, Canada. RP Woodbury, MR (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, 52 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. EM murray.woodbury@usask.ca NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 25 IS 4 BP 541 EP 545 DI 10.1177/1040638713495029 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 246BT UT WOS:000326512000017 PM 23847228 ER PT J AU Tomer, MD Beeson, PC Meek, DW Moriasi, DN Rossi, CG Sadeghi, AM AF Tomer, M. D. Beeson, P. C. Meek, D. W. Moriasi, D. N. Rossi, C. G. Sadeghi, A. M. TI EVALUATING SIMULATIONS OF DAILY DISCHARGE FROM LARGE WATERSHEDS USING AUTOREGRESSION AND AN INDEX OF FLASHINESS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Autoregression; Model performance statistics; South Fork Iowa River; Stream flashiness; SWAT model ID ASSESSMENT-TOOL SWAT; RIVER-BASIN; SOUTH FORK; MODEL; SOIL; IOWA; QUALITY; VALIDATION; STREAMFLOW; CATCHMENT AB Watershed models (e.g., the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, or SWAT) are routinely calibrated to provide reliable estimates of stream discharge. In modeling studies of large watersheds where long-term records of daily discharge are available, model performance statistics are often reported for monthly intervals. With monthly data, guidelines are available to directly evaluate model performance. However; assessing model performance on a daily time step is more appealing because the hydrologic processes being simulated are better expressed through changes in daily discharge. Yet it is difficult to assess simulations at a daily time step due to large variance of daily data. Transformation reduces data variance and preserves data detail; however, assessing daily model performance with transformed data raises separate issues (e.g., accurate simulation across all flow conditions becomes important). One possibility for assessing daily simulations is to apply autoregression, which could provide a model performance target using transformed daily data. The objective of this study was to evaluate autoregressive models as an aid to assess simulations of river basin hydrology at a daily time step. Autoregressive models were fitted to natural log-transformed daily discharge records (2001-2009) from four watersheds in central Iowa to generate a statistical replica of each record. Results provided a realistic target for SWAT model performance for the three watersheds that were the least flashy (i.e., had Richards-Baker flashiness index (RBI) values <0.3). Discharge at the fourth gauge exhibited greater flashiness (RBI > 0.3), and therefore weaker autocorrelation, which caused the autoregressive model to fail to generate a performance target for SWAT The RBI stream flashiness index could be used as a simple parameter to assess watershed model performance at a daily time step using non-transformed data. For watersheds with RBI < 0.3, autoregression on transformed data can provide an independent, unbiased estimate of observed daily stream data, which can offer a target for model performance using measured data alone. C1 [Tomer, M. D.; Meek, D. W.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Beeson, P. C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Moriasi, D. N.] USDA ARS, Great Plains Agroclimate & Nat Resources Res Unit, El Reno, OK USA. [Rossi, C. G.] Bur Land Management, Natl Operat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Sadeghi, A. M.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Tomer, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mark.tomer@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1317 EP 1326 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 243ZQ UT WOS:000326357300007 ER PT J AU van Donk, SJ Biswas, S Kranz, WL Snow, DD Bartelt-Hunt, SL Mader, TL Shapiro, CA Shelton, DP Tarkalson, DD Zhang, TC Ensley, S AF van Donk, S. J. Biswas, S. Kranz, W. L. Snow, D. D. Bartelt-Hunt, S. L. Mader, T. L. Shapiro, C. A. Shelton, D. P. Tarkalson, D. D. Zhang, T. C. Ensley, S. TI TRANSPORT OF STEROID HORMONES IN THE VADOSE ZONE AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF BEEF CATTLE MANURE SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Beef cattle; Leachate; Lysimeter; Manure management; Steroid hormones; Vadose zone ID AGRICULTURAL SOILS; WASTE-WATER; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; ESTROGENIC HORMONES; TRENBOLONE ACETATE; RIVER; FATE; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; TESTOSTERONE; CONTAMINANTS AB Few studies have been conducted to investigate the potential contamination of groundwater from manure-borne steroid hormones. The objective of this study was to monitor leaching of steroid hormones at the bottom of 2.4 m deep percolation lysimeters installed in plots treated with beef cattle manure. Soil samples were also collected from surrounding field plots. Treatments consisted of application of manure from two treatment methods (stockpiling and composting) or no manure application. Laboratory analyses of manure, soil, and leachate samples used liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to identify 17 steroid hormones and metabolites. Progesterone, estrone, beta-zearalenol, and 4-androstenedione were detected at varying concentrations in both composted (1.6 to 8.4 ng g(-1) dry weight) and stockpiled (3.7 to 11.4 ng g(-1) dry weight) cattle manure. Steroid hormones were detected in only 5% of the leachate samples, with the greatest detected being progesterone (20 ng L-1) from a lysimeter in a plot treated with stockpiled cattle manure. Steroid hormones or metabolites were detected in 10% of the soil samples. The majority of detections (74%) were for soils sampled within the top 1.2 m. The steroid detected Most frequently in the soil samples (4%) was 17 beta-estradiol, with a maximum concentration of 4.3 ng g(-1) in a plot treated with composted cattle manure. No synthetic steroids were detected in any soil or leachate samples. The low detection of steroid hormones in the soil and leachate samples suggests that while some hormones may move through silt loam soil, most are readily degraded or adsorbed after manure application. C1 [van Donk, S. J.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, West Cent Res & Extens Ctr, North Platte, NE USA. [Biswas, S.; Kranz, W. L.; Mader, T. L.; Shapiro, C. A.; Shelton, D. P.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Haskell Agr Lab, Concord, NE USA. [Snow, D. D.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. [Bartelt-Hunt, S. L.; Zhang, T. C.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE USA. [Tarkalson, D. D.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID USA. [Ensley, S.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP van Donk, SJ (reprint author), West Cent Res & Extens Ctr, 402 West State Farm Rd, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. EM simon.vandonk@unl.edu FU USEPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Grant [R833423] FX This research was funded by USEPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Grant No. R833423. We thank Don Davison and Jim Petersen for their technical assistance. NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1327 EP 1338 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 243ZQ UT WOS:000326357300008 ER PT J AU Bonta, JV AF Bonta, J. V. TI MANAGING LANDSCAPE DISTURBANCES TO INCREASE WATERSHED INFILTRATION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Curve number; Experimental watershed; Grazing; Green infrastructure; Imperviousness; Land management; Low-impact development; Mine reclamation; Pasture; Urbanization ID LOW IMPACT; LAG TIMES; RUNOFF; HYDROLOGY; BASINS; AREA AB Agricultural land undergoing conversion to conventional urban development can drastically increase runoff and degrade water quality. A study of landscape management for improving watershed infiltration was conducted using readily available runoff data from experimental watersheds. This article focuses on watershed infiltration changes that can be expected from soil surface and soil profile changes and provides support for low-impact development (LID) options. The investigation uses data from a controlled study of the effects of low percentage imperviousness (similar to 0.6%) and connected and disconnected rooftop-channel configurations (189 m(2) roof structures), as well as agricultural land management types including pastures where cows trample the soil surface and watersheds in hay production (meadow, no land disturbance). Additionally, a published study on the effects of soil profile destruction and equipment compaction in a mine-reclamation study is presented as a comparison and represents disturbances similar to those in urbanization. Impacts are determined through curve number (CN; ordered asymptotic procedure) and peak flow rate changes using two 3 ha experimental agricultural watersheds located at the North Appalachian Experimental Watershed at Coshocton, Ohio. No statistical effects on CN and peak flow rates were found due to either percentage imperviousness or spatial location at a low level of percentage imperviousness. CN and peak flows for pasture were significantly larger compared with meadow. One watershed was pastured for 29 years followed by a 3.7-year period of meadow, resulting in a statistically significant recovery of watershed infiltration (CN decreased 17.4 CN units from 77.0 to 59.6). Peak flow response to rainfall for the pastured watershed also significantly decreased during hay. These results suggest that watershed infiltration recovers and peak runoff decreases in a short period of time when transitioning from soil surfaces disturbed by pasture-like disturbances to undisturbed grass. This benefit is partly attributed to minimal disturbance of the soil profile and structure that maintains macropore connectivity, and to freeze-thaw cycles affecting the soil. However; CN can increase and remain high if the soil profile is disturbed and is subjected to compaction, as found in a study of the hydrological effects of drastically disturbing the landscape during mine reclamation. In that study, the entire soil profile was disturbed, causing a CN increase to approximately 89 even after reclaiming the landscape by planting grass, regardless of the composition of soil derived from the original geological profile. No recovery of CN was apparent during a three-year post-reclamation (revegetated) monitoring period. The results quantify the conservation principles advocated in LID and green infrastructure. The sum-of-squares-reduction statistical test works well to identify differences in CN and k due to watershed treatments, but the results can be sensitive to the distribution and clustering of rainfall and CN values. Existing experimental watershed data can provide guidance on managing soil surfaces and profiles to minimize CN under conversion of agricultural land to urban development. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Bonta, JV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157,598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM jim.bonta@ars.usda.gov FU USEPA; USDA-ARS FX The author appreciates guidance on curve-number determination provided by Dr. R. H. Hawkins, Professor Emeritus, School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, and guidance on statistics provided by Ms. Deborah Boykin, Statistician, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, Mississippi. Funding for the early part of the urbanization project came from the USEPA, and in the following years funding was provided by the USDA-ARS. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 48 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1349 EP 1359 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 243ZQ UT WOS:000326357300010 ER PT J AU Biswas, S Kranz, WL Shapiro, CA Mamo, M Bartelt-Hunt, SL Snow, DD Shelton, DP Tarkalson, DD Mader, TL van Donk, SJ Zhang, TC AF Biswas, S. Kranz, W. L. Shapiro, C. A. Mamo, M. Bartelt-Hunt, S. L. Snow, D. D. Shelton, D. P. Tarkalson, D. D. Mader, T. L. van Donk, S. J. Zhang, T. C. TI USE OF A SURROGATE TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF TILLAGE ON THE TRANSPORT OF STEROID HORMONES FROM MANURE-AMENDED AGRICULTURAL FIELDS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Ethynylestradiol; Manure; Steroid hormone; Surface runoff; Tillage ID POULTRY LITTER; SURFACE-RUNOFF; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; WASTE-WATER; SOILS; SORPTION; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; TESTOSTERONE; ESTROGENS; CONTAMINANTS AB Beef feedlot manure distributed to row crop production areas is a potential surface water contaminant source of the steroid hormones commonly used in beef cattle production. This article reports on research conducted at the University of Nebraska Haskell Agricultural Laboratory near Concord, Nebraska, in July 2009. Manure, collected from beef feedlot pens, was stockpiled for ten months prior to application to a row crop field. Previous research identified that the detection frequency of steroid hormones in beef manure varies greatly. Thus, a surrogate (17 alpha-ethynylestradiol, EE2) was applied at a rate of 75 g ha(-1) to ensure detectable concentrations in surface runoff samples. EE2 was applied directly to beef cattle manure and to bare soil. The EE2 and manure were either incorporated using a single disk treatment (7) or left on the soil surface in a no-till practice (NT). A rainfall simulation experiment was conducted 24 h after manure and EE2 incorporation using a factorial design consisting of tillage, manure, and EE2 treatments. Runoff samples were collected at 5 min intervals during a 30 mm runoff period for each plot. Results indicated 96% less EE2 mass transport from disk-tilled plots compared to no-till. The greatest loss of EE2 was 156 and 6 mg ha(-1) from no-till and disked plots, respectively Results of this study showed that a single-pass disk tillage treatment can limit the overland transport of steroid hormones from crop production areas. C1 [Biswas, S.; Kranz, W. L.; Mamo, M.; Shelton, D. P.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Haskell Agr Lab, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Concord, NE USA. [Shapiro, C. A.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Haskell Agr Lab, Dept Agron & Hort, Concord, NE USA. [Bartelt-Hunt, S. L.; Zhang, T. C.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE USA. [Snow, D. D.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. [Tarkalson, D. D.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID USA. [Mader, T. L.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Anim Sci, Haskell Agr Lab, Concord, NE USA. [van Donk, S. J.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, West Cent Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Biol Syst Engn, North Platte, NE USA. RP Biswas, S (reprint author), Haskell Agr Lab, 57905 866 Rd, Concord, NE 68728 USA. EM sagor.biswas@gmail.com FU USEPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Award [R833423] FX The study was funded in part by USEPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Award No. R833423. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1379 EP 1385 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 243ZQ UT WOS:000326357300012 ER PT J AU Gilley, JE Bartelt-Hunt, SL Lamb, SJ Li, X Marx, DB Snow, DD Parker, DB Woodbury, BL AF Gilley, J. E. Bartelt-Hunt, S. L. Lamb, S. J. Li, X. Marx, D. B. Snow, D. D. Parker, D. B. Woodbury, B. L. TI NARROW GRASS HEDGE EFFECTS ON NUTRIENT TRANSPORT FOLLOWING SWINE SLURRY APPLICATION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Grass filters; Land application; Manure management; Manure runoff; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Phosphorus; Runoff; Soil loss; Water quality ID INTERRILL SOIL-EROSION; RAINFALL SIMULATOR; CONCENTRATED FLOW; MODEL-EQUATIONS; FILTER STRIPS; OVERLAND-FLOW; PLOT-SCALE; RUNOFF; MANURE; PHOSPHORUS AB The effectiveness of a narrow grass hedge in reducing runoff nutrient loads following swine slurry application was examined. Slurry was applied to 0.75 m wide by 4.0 m long plots established on an Aksarben silty clay loam soil located in southeast Nebraska. Manure treatments consisted of no manure application and manure application to meet the 1, 2, or 3 year nitrogen (N) requirements for corn. Runoff water quality was measured during three 30 min simulated rainfall events. The grass hedge did not significantly reduce runoff nutrient transport after the swine slurry, which contained relatively small amounts of manure, was applied. Increasing the N application rate from a 1 year to a 3 year corn N requirement also did not result in a significant increase in N or phosphorus (P) loads in runoff. The grass hedge significantly reduced electrical conductivity (EC) measurements from 0.78 to 0.73 dS m(-1) and pH values from 8.16 to 7.85. The rates of transport of dissolved P, particulate P, and total P were each influenced by runoff rate and increased in a linear fashion from 7 to 25, 65 to 357, and 72 to 382 g ha(-1) min(-1), respectively. Runoff rate significantly affected rates of transport of NO3-N, NH4-N, and total nitrogen, which increased in a linear fashion from 273 to 1204, 30 to 47, and 323 to 1490 g ha(-1) min(-1), respectively. Runoff rate is an important variable that should be considered when estimating nutrient transport following application of swine slurry containing relatively small amounts of nutrients. C1 [Gilley, J. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Bartelt-Hunt, S. L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Lamb, S. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Environm Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Li, X.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Marx, D. B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Snow, D. D.] Univ Nebraska, Water Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Parker, D. B.] West Texas A&M Univ, Commercial Core Lab, Canyon, TX USA. [Woodbury, B. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Gilley, JE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 251 Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM John.Gilley@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1441 EP 1450 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 243ZQ UT WOS:000326357300017 ER PT J AU Brown-Brandl, TM Eigenberg, RA Nienaber, JA AF Brown-Brandl, T. M. Eigenberg, R. A. Nienaber, J. A. TI BENEFITS OF PROVIDING SHADE TO FEEDLOT CATTLE OF DIFFERENT BREEDS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Feedlot; Heat stress; Respiration rate; Shade ID HEAT-STRESS; COAT COLOR; BEHAVIOR; PERFORMANCE; RESPONSES; HEIFERS AB Heat stress in cattle causes decreases in feed intake, growth, and efficiency. In extreme cases, heat stress can cause death of vulnerable animals. A simple shade can reduce the animal's radiant heat load by 30% or more. However, for most feedlots, adding shade structures to all pens is cost-prohibitive. The objective of this study was to determine how animals, with known risk factors (color, previous cases of pneumonia, condition score, and temperament) for heat stress, respond to having access to shade. Feedlot heifers (384 animals; 128 animals year(-1) for three years) of two breeds (Angus and Charolais) and two composite breeds (MARC I [1/4 Charolais, 1/4 Braunvieh, 1/4 Limousin, 1/8 Angus, and 1/8 Hereford] and MARC III [1/4 Pinzgauer, 1/4 Red Poll, 1/4 Hereford, and 1/4 Angus]) were selected and penned on the basis of weight and breed. Heifers were weighed and scored for condition and temperament every 28 days. Heat tolerance was accessed by measurements of respiration rate taken twice daily at 08:00 and 13:00 h on a preselected group of 64 animals. It was determined that shade lowered the respiration rate of all animals. In addition, shade had a greater impact on the Angus cattle than the Charolais cattle, with the two composite breeds (with dark red and tan hides) having an intermediate response. Access to shade did not improve weight gains of any of the breeds. C1 [Brown-Brandl, T. M.; Eigenberg, R. A.; Nienaber, J. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Brown-Brandl, TM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, MARC, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM tami.brownbrandl@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1563 EP 1570 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 243ZQ UT WOS:000326357300029 ER PT J AU Yang, CC Kim, MS Cho, BK Lee, H Chao, K Lee, H Jeong, D Lefcourt, AM Chan, DE AF Yang, C. -C. Kim, M. S. Cho, B. -K. Lee, H. Chao, K. Lee, H. Jeong, D. Lefcourt, A. M. Chan, D. E. TI DEVELOPMENT OF MULTISPECTRAL ALGORITHM FOR DETECTION OF CRACKED TOMATOES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Crack detection; Food safety; Hyperspectral images; Line-scan; Multispectral algorithm; Tomato ID QUALITY EVALUATION; POULTRY CARCASSES; IMAGING-SYSTEM; INSPECTION; SAFETY AB Tomato cracks present a potential food safety risk by allowing internalization of pathogens. This article reports a first-step study for the development and evaluation of a simple multispectral algorithm for the detection of defect cracked tomatoes. Analysis of hyperspectral visible/near-infrared tomato images identified two wavebands, 749 nm and 887 nm, for computation of two decision functions to detect defect cracked tomatoes and to differentiate them from normal tomatoes. Detection of defect cracked tomatoes was based on spectral identification of non-skin pixels coupled with quantitative evaluation of the number of non-skin pixels compared to the total image pixels for each tomato. The algorithm successfully classified 94% of the normal tomatoes and 99% of the defect tomatoes used in this study. The results suggest that this multispectral spectral imaging-based method has potential for implementation in line-scan imaging systems as a tool for rapid food inspection on high-speed tomato processing lines. C1 [Yang, C. -C.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, H.; Chao, K.; Lefcourt, A. M.; Chan, D. E.] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Cho, B. -K.; Lee, H.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon, South Korea. [Jeong, D.] Hanyang Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul 133791, South Korea. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 303 BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Moon.Kim@ars.usda.gov FU Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea FX This research was partially supported by the Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea. The authors are grateful to the USDA-ARS Office of International Research Program and Dr. Hyun Soon Kim of the RDA for the international graduate internship program. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1581 EP 1588 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 243ZQ UT WOS:000326357300031 ER PT J AU Kong, HL Cheng, YX Luo, LZ Sappington, TW Jiang, XF Zhang, L AF Kong, Hailong Cheng, Yunxia Luo, Lizhi Sappington, Thomas W. Jiang, Xingfu Zhang, Lei TI Density-dependent prophylaxis in crowded Beet Webworm, Loxostege sticticalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae to a parasitoid and a fungal pathogen SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE antibacterial activity; density-dependent prophylaxis; larval density; Loxostege sticticalis; phase polyphenism; phenoloxidase ID DISEASE RESISTANCE; POPULATION-DENSITY; NOCTUIDAE; GROWTH; PHASE AB Transmission of parasites and pathogens is generally positively density-dependent: as an insect population's density increases, the risk of an individual becoming attacked or infected also increases. In some insect species, individuals experiencing crowded conditions are more resistant to natural enemies than those experiencing low density conditions, and they are predicted to divert resources to increase resistance. This phenomenon is called density-dependent prophylaxis. Here, possible expression of prophylaxis in fifth-instar larvae of Beet Webworm, Loxostege sticticalis, to biocontrol agents was investigated under rearing densities of 1, 10, and 30 larvae per jar (650mL). Larvae reared at the moderate density and those reared in isolation displayed the greatest and lowest resistance, respectively, to an entomopathogenic fungus and a parasitoid. Moreover, larvae from the moderate density treatment exhibited elevated phenoloxidase, total haemocyte count and antibacterial activity in the haemolymph, whereas phenoloxidase levels in the midgut were not affected. The results suggest that larval rearing density significantly affects the immune system, and they provide evidence for density-dependent prophylaxis of larval L. sticticalis against its biocontrol agents. These results have implications for understanding the population dynamics and biocontrol of beet webworm. C1 [Kong, Hailong] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Hort & Plant Protect, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. [Kong, Hailong; Cheng, Yunxia; Luo, Lizhi; Jiang, Xingfu; Zhang, Lei] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Sappington, Thomas W.] ARS, USDA, Corn insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Luo, LZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM lzluo@ippcaas.cn FU National Science Foundation of China [31201503]; Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Industry [201003079] FX This study was supported by National Science Foundation of China (No. 31201503), and Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Industry (No. 201003079). NR 30 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 EI 1366-5863 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 59 IS 3 BP 174 EP 179 DI 10.1080/09670874.2013.807957 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 240CB UT WOS:000326071200002 ER PT J AU Campbell, TA Foster, JA Bodenchuk, MJ Eisemann, JD Staples, L Lapidge, SJ AF Campbell, Tyler A. Foster, Justin A. Bodenchuk, Michael J. Eisemann, John D. Staples, Linton Lapidge, Steven J. TI Effectiveness and target-specificity of a novel design of food dispenser to deliver a toxin to feral swine in the United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE control; damage; delivery system; feral swine; HOGGONE (R); HOGHOPPER; Sus scrofa; toxic bait ID SOUTHERN TEXAS; BAITS; PHARMACEUTICALS AB There are no registered toxins available for use on Feral Swine (Sus scrofa, Linnaeus) in the United States. HOGGONE (R) is a proprietary bait matrix under development in Australia that delivers toxic levels of sodium nitrite to feral swine. However, one challenge is to develop a species-specific oral delivery system to deliver toxins to feral swine in the USA while minimizing non-target wildlife exposure. The HOGHOPPER is a lightweight and portable bait delivery system that could overcome this problem. Our objective was to compare non-toxic HOGGONE removal by wildlife that visited HOGHOPPERS during acclimation periods (doors open; free-feeding stage) and activation periods (doors closed; simulated toxic stage) at sites throughout the United States. We conducted 38 HOGHOPPER trials on private and public land in Alabama, Florida, Oklahoma, and Texas, and determined species-specific visitation and HOGGONE removal rates using motion-sensing digital camera systems. We found activated HOGHOPPERS to successfully exclude all wildlife except feral swine and Raccoon (Procyon lotor, Linnaeus). For raccoons the number of baits removed per 24h was reduced by 92% during the HOGHOPPER activation period. No other wildlife removed HOGGONE from HOGHOPPERS. During trials in which raccoon breaches occurred, an extended acclimation period was used. To minimize raccoon exposure risks, an abbreviated acclimation period of 14d should be used with the HOGHOPPER. This will decrease the likelihood that raccoons learn how to access HOGGONE from the HOGHOPPER. Further experimentation is needed to demonstrate the efficacy of toxic HOGGONE at controlling feral swine populations. C1 [Campbell, Tyler A.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Foster, Justin A.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Hunt, TX 78024 USA. [Bodenchuk, Michael J.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, San Antonio, TX 78269 USA. [Eisemann, John D.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Staples, Linton] Anim Control Technol Australia PL, Somerton, Vic 3069, Australia. [Lapidge, Steven J.] Univ Canberra, Invas Anim Cooperat Res Ctr, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. RP Campbell, TA (reprint author), East Wildlife Fdn, 200 Concord Plaza Dr,Suite 410, San Antonio, TX 78216 USA. EM tcampbell@eastfoundation.net FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Wildlife Services program; Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre; Animal Control Technologies Australia P/L; Texas Parks and Wildlife Department FX The study was funded by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services program, the Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre, Animal Control Technologies Australia P/L, and the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. We thank the landowners and managers that granted property access. We are indebted to the many personnel who tirelessly assisted with data collection. The USDA does not endorse products mentioned in this study. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 EI 1366-5863 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 59 IS 3 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1080/09670874.2013.815830 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 240CB UT WOS:000326071200005 ER EF